bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in systemic mastocytosis treated with allogeneic bone marrow transplant: A case report
Authors: Srinivasan Anand , Ilonze Chibuzo C , Travis Stephen R. , Crawford David 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSystemic mastocytosis is a rare entity in pediatrics, usually associated with mutations in the c‐KIT gene. We describe a Caucasian female who presented with severe systemic mastocytosis with food allergies requiring prolonged total parenteral nutrition. Her course was further complicated by the onset of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, which responded poorly to conventional chemotherapy. She underwent an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant that resulted in resolution of all symptoms related to systemic mastocytosis and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. She is now disease‐free and without any complications two years after the transplant.
Salicylate increased ascorbic acid levels and neuronal activity in the rat auditory cortex
Authors: Duan Qingchuan , Ma Furong , Zhang Jie 
Published: September 2019

AbstractImportanceClinical observations have implied a central origin for tinnitus and potential therapeutic effects of ascorbic acid (AA); however, the detailed mechanisms remain undetermined.ObjectiveTo investigate changes in the AA levels and neural activity in the auditory cortex (AC) during salicylate‐induced tinnitus.MethodsRats were randomly divided into 3 groups: (1) saline group, which received an intraperitoneal saline injection; (2) SS group, which received an intraperitoneal sodium salicylate (SS) injection (350 mg/kg); and (3) SS+Lido group, which received an intraperitoneal SS injection (350 mg/kg) and lidocaine delivered to the AC by microdialysis. For each group, we firstly used an in vivo microdialysis technique to investigate the concentrations of AA in the AC; and secondly, we recorded the neural activity in the AC using a single‐unit recording technique.ResultsThe AA concentration in the SS group significantly increased after SS injection, whereas that of the saline group did not change. The AA concentration in the SS+Lido group also showed an increasing trend but was significantly lower than that in the SS group. In the electrophysiological study, the spontaneous firing rate of the SS group was significantly higher than that of the saline group. In addition, the proportion of short interval discharges was also higher in the SS group than in the saline group. Both differences were reversed by lidocaine treatment.InterpretationOur data suggest that the elevation of AA levels in the AC may be related to increased neuronal activity, which may represent the mechanism underlying salicylate‐induced tinnitus.
Recycling Control of Histological Xylol: A Chemometric Approach
Authors: Abraham Emilia del C. , Angelo José A. D' , Mammana Sabrina B. , Lascalea Gustavo E. , Altamirano Jorgelina C. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFractional distillation was applied to recycle and reuse histological xylol waste. A new sample preparation technique for analyzing liquid samples by transmission FTIR spectroscopy was developed and validated. Pressing time, sample volume, and xylol volatility were the optimized variables to acquire good quality spectra by using the KBr pellet technique. The suitability of this technique for analyzing a volatile sample, xylol, was contrasted against a non‐volatile coal sample. Semi‐quantitative IR‐derived ratios were calculated and used as input variables in principal components analysis (PCA). One‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was applied to determine whether the samples of distillate, xylol waste, and commercial xylol showed significant differences among them. Unlike currently used analytical methodologies based on GC, the proposed methodology based on FTIR‐PCA‐ANOVA provided a simple way to monitor the samples (including xylol waste containing water traces and paraffin) throughout xylol recycling process. The results indicated there were no significant differences (p>0.05) between commercial and recycled xylol, being comparable.
BaCo1‐xNbxO3−δ as a Promising Cathode for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Niu Yongchao , Kong Yu , Sun Chengzhi , Song Xueqin , Zhang Naiqing , Sun Kening 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNb2O5 doped BaCoO3‐δ was synthesized using traditional solid‐state reaction method. The electrochemical performance, physical properties and rate‐determining step of BaCo1‐xNbxO3−δ as a cathode material for intermediate‐temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT‐SOFCs) were investigated. The introduction of Nb in BaCo0.8Nb0.2O3‐δ(BCN20)brings a stable cubic phase and a relative lower TEC (∼16.94×10‐6 K−1) compared BCN20 with other Co‐based perovskites. The oxygen vacancy concentration (δ) for BCN20 symmetrical cell is 0.153. The area specific resistance (ASR) of BCN20 symmetrical cell is merely 0.0397 Ω⋅cm2 at 700 °C. Base on the above findings, BCN20 has a great electrochemical performance as a cathode material for IT‐SOFCs. Furthermore, we studies the reaction mechanism of BCN20 and concluded that desorption and diffusion of oxygen molecules is the oxygen reduction rate limiting step. Finally, full cell with BCN20 as cathode was tested and peak power density was measured to be 1042 mW⋅cm−2 at 800 °C.
CuBr2‐promoted Cyclocondensation of Amidines with Aminoalcohols/Aminothiols for the Synthesis of 2‐Oxazolines, 2‐Oxazines and 2‐Thiazolines under Solvent‐free Conditions
Authors: Zhao Rui , Yan Min , Zhang Ruiqin , Ma Yongmin , Chen Jing 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe reaction of amidines with aminoalcohols/aminothiols catalyzed by CuBr2 was investigated. Various amidines were successfully converted into the corresponding 2‐oxazolines, 2‐thiazolines and 2‐oxazines with good yields under solvent‐free conditions, rendering this method highly versatile and environmentally friendly.
Understanding the Acetalization Reaction Based on its Reaction Path Network
Authors: Sumiya Yosuke , Tabata Yotaro , Maeda Satoshi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe have theoretically investigated the mechanism of the acetalization reaction of acetaldehyde using the artificial force induced reaction (AFIR) method and the rate constant matrix contraction (RCMC) method. A systematic search for reaction paths by the AFIR method resulted in a reaction path network including 162 local minima and 599 transition states. By applying the RCMC method to the network, the time hierarchy of the network was revealed. Using the network and the RCMC method, the overall rate constants and the equilibrium constant including conformational entropy contributions were evaluated. The discussion demonstrates how multicomponent reactions that proceed through multiple steps are understood from their reaction path networks.
Clinical and MRI efficacy of sc IFN β-1a tiw in patients with relapsing MS appearing to transition to secondary progressive MS: post hoc analyses of PRISMS and SPECTRIMS
Authors: Freedman Mark S. , Brod Staley , Singer Barry A. , Cohen Bruce A. , Hayward Brooke , Dangond Fernando , Coyle Patricia K. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This study evaluated efficacy of subcutaneous (sc) interferon beta-1a (IFN β-1a) 44 µg 3 × weekly (tiw) in patients appearing to transition from relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) to secondary progressive MS (SPMS). The PRISMS study included 560 patients with RRMS (EDSS 0–5.0; ≥ 2 relapses in previous 2 years), and the SPECTRIMS study included 618 patients with SPMS (EDSS 3.0–6.5 and ≥ 1-point increase in previous 2 years [≥ 0.5 point if 6.0–6.5]) randomly assigned to sc IFN β-1a 44 or 22 µg or placebo for 2–3 years, respectively. These post hoc analyses examined five subgroups of MS patients with EDSS 4.0–6.0: PRISMS (n = 59), PRISMS/SPECTRIMS (n = 335), PRISMS/SPECTRIMS with baseline disease activity (n = 195; patients with either ≥ 1 relapse within 2 years before baseline or ≥ 1 gadolinium-enhancing lesion at baseline), PRISMS/SPECTRIMS without baseline disease activity (n = 140), and PRISMS/SPECTRIMS with disease activity during the study (n = 202). In the PRISMS and PRISMS/SPECTRIMS subgroups, sc IFN β-1a delayed disability progression, although no significant effect was observed in PRISMS/SPECTRIMS subgroups with activity at baseline or activity during the study (regardless of baseline activity). In the PRISMS/SPECTRIMS subgroup, over year 1 (0–1) and 2 (0–2), sc IFN β-1a 44 µg tiw significantly reduced annualized relapse rate (p ≤ 0.001), and relapse risk (p < 0.05) versus placebo. Similar results were seen for the PRISMS/SPECTRIMS with baseline disease activity subgroup. Subcutaneous IFN β-1a reduced T2 burden of disease and active T2 lesions in the PRISMS/SPECTRIMS subgroups overall, with and without baseline activity. In conclusion, these post hoc analyses indicate that effects of sc IFN β-1a 44 µg tiw on clinical/MRI endpoints are preserved in a patient subgroup appearing to transition between RRMS and SPMS.
ERCP-related perforations: a population-based study of incidence, mortality, and risk factors
Authors: Langerth Ann , Isaksson Bengt , Karlson Britt-Marie , Urdzik Jozef , Linder Stefan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Perforations related to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are rare but feared adverse events with highly reported morbidity and mortality rates. The aim was to evaluate the incidence and outcome of ERCP-related perforations and to identify risk factors for death due to perforations in a population-based study.

Methods
Between May 2005 and December 2013, a total of 52,140 ERCPs were registered in GallRiks, a Swedish nationwide, population-based registry. A total of 376 (0.72%) were registered as perforations or extravasation of contrast during ERCP or as perforation in the 30-day follow-up. The patients with perforation were divided into fatal and non-fatal groups and analyzed for mortality risk factors. The case volume of centers and endoscopists were divided into the upper quartile (Q4) and the lower three quartile (Q1–3) groups. Furthermore, fatal group patients’ records were reviewed.

Results
Death within 90 days after ERCP-related perforations or at the index hospitalization occurred in 20% (75 out of 376) for all perforations and 0.1% (75 out of 52,140) for all ERCPs. The independent risk factors for death after perforation were malignancy (OR 11.2, 95% CI 5.8–21.6), age over 80 years (OR 3.8, 95% CI 2.0–7.4), and sphincterotomy in the pancreatic duct (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.1–7.5). In Q4 centers, the mortality was similar with or without pancreatic duct sphincterotomy (14% vs. 13%, p = 1.0), but in Q1–3 centers mortality was higher (45% vs. 21%, p = 0.024).

Conclusions
ERCP-related perforations are severe adverse events with low incidence (0.7%) and high mortality rate up to 20%. Malignancy, age over 80 years, and sphincterotomy in the pancreatic duct increase the risk to die after a perforation. The risk of a fatal outcome in perforations after pancreatic duct sphincterotomy was reduced when occurred at a Q4-center. In the case of a complicated perforation a transfer to a Q4-center may be considered.
Pelvic Floor Muscle Parameters Affect Sexual Function After 8 Weeks of Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation in Women with Stress Urinary Incontinence
Authors: Hwang Ui-jae , Lee Min-seok , Jung Sung-hoon , Ahn Sun-hee , Kwon Oh-yun 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is often associated with female sexual dysfunction. We investigated which pelvic floor muscle (PFM) parameters (strength, power, and endurance) are associated with improvement of sexual function after 8 weeks of transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES) training.

Aim
This study was performed to determine the effects of TES in the seated position on PFM parameters and female sexual function and to identify correlation between improved PFM parameters and sexual function after 8 weeks of TES training in women with SUI.

Methods
The present study was performed between August 2018 and November 2018 in women with SUI who were randomized into a TES group (n = 17) or a control group (n = 17). One subject in each of the TES and control groups ultimately withdrew during the intervention due to a lack of time. Both groups were measured at baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention.

Main Outcome Measure
As outcome measures, PFM parameters (strength, power, and endurance) and female sexual function were assessed using a perineometer and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), respectively.

Results
The final study population consisted of 32 women with SUI. There were significant differences in PFM strength, power, and endurance and FSFI domain scores (desire, arousal, orgasm, satisfaction, and total score) in both between-group analyses (TES vs control group) and within-group analyses (pre-TES vs post-TSE). Change in PFM endurance had the highest association with change in total FSFI total score (r = 0.437; P = .006), and change in PFM power had the highest association with change in FSFI satisfaction (r = 0.420; P = .008).

Conclusion
TES in a seated position showed a beneficial effect on sexual function in females with SUI. Consideration of PFM parameters associated with FSFI domain scores may be important when developing intervention guidelines to improve female sexual function.
Choroidal Thickness Profile in Normal Iranian Eyes with Different Refractive Status by Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Heirani Mohsen , Heravian Shandiz Javad , Shojaei Ahmad , Narooie-Noori Foroozan 
Published: September 2019

Purpose:
To investigate the choroidal thickness and its association with age, gender, spherical equivalent (SE), and axial length (AL) in a sample of Iranian population with different refractive status using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Methods:
In a cross-sectional study, a total of 469 right eyes of 469 healthy subjects comprising 194 (41.4%) males and 275 (58.6%) females were examined. The mean age was 32.76 ± 15.77 years (range, 4-60 years). All subjects were divided into different groups according to their refractive status, age, and AL. The choroidal thickness was evaluated through enhanced-depth imaging (EDI) modality at subfoveal (Sf), 1, and 3 mm nasal (N1 and N3, respectively), temporal (T1 and T3, respectively), superior (S1 and S3, respectively), and inferior (I1 and I3, respectively) to the foveal center.

Results:
In the whole population, the mean subfoveal choroidal thickness (SfChT) was 329.83 ± 70.33 μm, and the choroid was thickest at S1 (342.04 ± 71.28 μm) and thinnest at N3 (209.00 ± 66.0 μm). Our data indicated a significant difference in the mean choroidal thickness across all points in different age groups (P < 0.0001). For emmetropic, myopic, and hyperopic subjects, mean SfChT values were 346.64 ± 59.63, 319.66 ± 73.17, and 364.00 ± 74.54 μm, respectively. Linear regression estimated that SfChT decreased about 12.8 and 8.71 μm for every 10 years of aging and each diopter increasing in myopia, respectively. Additionally, the SfChT decreased as 13.48 μm per mm increase in AL.

Conclusions:
The mean SfChT of a sample of Iranian emmetropic subjects was 346.64 ± 59.63 μm. The choroidal thickness has a decreasing trend with increasing age, and the choroid is thinner in myopes and thicker in hyperopes compared with emmetropic subjects. In the whole participants, the thickest and thinnest points were S1 and N3, respectively.
Agreement between the total energy expenditure calculated with accelerometry data and the BMR yielded by predictive equations v. the total energy expenditure obtained with doubly labelled water in low-income women with excess weight
Authors: Macena Mateus L. , Pureza Isabele R. O. M. , Melo Ingrid S. V. , Clemente Ana G. , Ferreira Haroldo S. , Florêncio Telma M. M. T. , Pfrimer Karina , Ferrioli Eduardo , Sawaya Ana L. , Bueno Nassib B. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLow-income women are the group with the highest levels of obesity worldwide. In low-income settings, the use of predictive equations, which yield a measure of the individuals’ BMR, is a feasible approach to estimate the individuals’ total energy expenditure (TEE), using the factorial method (calculated-TEE = BMR × physical activity level), an important step of the obesity nutritional care. The present study aimed to identify the predictive equation that, in conjunction with metabolic equivalents of tasks (MET) data from accelerometers, yields the calculated-TEE with better agreement compared with the TEE measured by doubly labelled water (TEE-DLW). Forty-five women aged 19–45 years, with excess weight and mothers of undernourished children, were included. They received DLW to determine TEE (14 d); at the same time, they used triaxial accelerometers (7 d) to estimate their MET. The Bland–Altman method, paired-sample t tests, concordance correlation coefficient and root-mean-square error were used to assess the agreement. Maximum allowed differences were defined as 24 %, based on the within-variance coefficient of the energy intake of the sample. Eleven equations were studied. The calculated-TEE obtained by five equations showed non-significant bias: Dietary Reference Intake (Institute of Medicine (2005) Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids), FAO/WHO/UNU ((2001) Food and Nutrition Technical Report Series), Harris & Benedict ((1919) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA4, 370–373), Henry & Rees ((1991) Eur J Clin Nutr45, 177–185) and Schofield ((1985) Hum Nutr Clin Nutr39, 5–41). The mean percentage differences were –1·5, –0·8, 2·2, –2·2 and 2·0 %, respectively. Considering all parameters, FAO/WHO/UNU ((2001) Food and Nutrition Technical Report Series) equation performed slightly better than the others; nevertheless, no equation in conjunction with the estimated-MET showed a calculated-TEE with its CI for the Bland–Altman limits of agreement inside the pre-defined acceptable range.
Leptospira in livestock in Madagascar: uncultured strains, mixed infections and small mammal-livestock transmission highlight challenges in controlling and diagnosing leptospirosis in the developing world
Authors: Rahelinirina Soanandrasana , Moseley Mark H. , Allan Kathryn J. , Ramanohizakandrainy Emmanuel , Ravaoarinoro Sati , Rajerison Minoarisoa , Rakotoharinome Vincent , Telfer Sandra 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn developing countries, estimates of the prevalence and diversity of Leptospira infections in livestock, an important but neglected zoonotic pathogen and cause of livestock productivity loss, are lacking. In Madagascar, abattoir sampling of cattle and pigs demonstrated a prevalence of infection of 20% in cattle and 5% in pigs by real-time PCR. In cattle, amplification and sequencing of the Leptospira-specific lfb1 gene revealed novel genotypes, mixed infections of two or more Leptospira species and evidence for potential transmission between small mammals and cattle. Sequencing of the secY gene demonstrated genetic similarities between Leptospira detected in Madagascar and, as yet, uncultured Leptospira strains identified in Tanzania, Reunion and Brazil. Detection of Leptospira DNA in the same animal was more likely in urine samples or pooled samples from four kidney lobes relative to samples collected from a single kidney lobe, suggesting an effect of sampling method on detection. In pigs, no molecular typing of positive samples was possible. Further research into the epidemiology of livestock leptospirosis in developing countries is needed to inform efforts to reduce human infections and to improve livestock productivity.
Martin's peripheral embryo – unique but not a phylogenetic ‘orphan’ at the base of his family tree: a tribute to the insight of a pioneer seed biologist
Authors: Baskin Carol C. , Baskin Jerry M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAs a tribute to A.C. Martin's classic work on embryos in seeds, we have attempted to gain a better understanding of the peripheral embryo, which puzzled Martin. The peripheral embryo is strongly curved and in contact with the inner surface of the seed coat, and Martin placed it at the base of his family tree of seed phylogeny and called it a ‘phylogenetic orphan’. We evaluated ovule/seed development, kind of embryo and occurrence of perisperm in families with and without a peripheral embryo. All families with a peripheral embryo occur in the Caryophyllales. Seeds with a peripheral embryo have a low cotyledon width:radicle width ratio that coincides with Martin's (full-sized) linear embryo. The peripheral embryo develops in campylotropous and/or amphitropous ovules and is pushed to the side of the seed as the perisperm develops. Linear-full embryos and perisperm are widely distributed across extant angiosperms but are rarely found together, except in core Caryophyllales. The non-core Caryophyllales with endosperm and various kinds of embryos, including the linear-full, diverged before the core Caryophyllales. Thus, the ancestral linear-full embryo appears to have been retained when the core lineage developed campylotropous and/or amphitropous ovules and perisperm. Seeds with a peripheral embryo merit a position on Martin's family tree; however, the position should be a side branch (‘orphan’) slightly above (more advanced than) his linear embryo and not at the base. We conclude that Martin had great insight into the relationships between the kinds of embryos and rightly questioned the position of the peripheral embryo.
Reoperation after isolated subaortic membrane resection
Authors: Binsalamah Ziyad M. , Spigel Zachary A. , Zhu Huirong , Kim Mary B. , Chacon-Portillo Martin A. , Adachi Iki , Imamura Michiaki , Mery Carlos M. , Mckenzie Emmett Dean , Fraser Charles D. , Heinle Jeffrey S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackground:The resection of a subaortic membrane remains far from a curative operation. We sought to examine factors associated with reoperation and the degree of aortic valve regurgitation as a potential long-term source for reoperation.Methods:All patients who underwent resection of an isolated subaortic membrane between 1995 and 2018 were included. Patients who underwent other procedures were excluded. Paired categorical data were compared using McNemar’s test. Univariate time-to-event analyses were performed using Kaplan–Meier methods with log-rank tests for categorical variables and univariate Cox models for continuous variables.Results:A total of 84 patients (median age 6.6, 31% females) underwent resection of isolated subaortic membrane. At a median follow-up of 9.3 years (interquartile range 0.6–22.5), 12 (14%) patients required one reoperation and 1 patient required two reoperations. Median time to first reoperation was 4.6 years. The degree of aortic valve regurgitation improved post-operatively from pre-operatively (p = 0.0007); however, the degree of aortic valve regurgitation worsened over the course of follow-up (p = 0.010) to equivalence with pre-operative aortic valve regurgitation (p = 0.18). Performance of a septal myectomy was associated with longer freedom from reoperation (p = 0.004).Conclusions:In patients with isolated subaortic membranes, performance of a septal myectomy can minimise risk for reoperation. Patients should be serially monitored for degradation of the aortic valve, even if aortic regurgitation is not present post-operatively.