bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review of Recent Progress in the Development and Properties of Aluminum Metal Matrix Composites Reinforced with Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube by Powder Metallurgy Route
Authors: Thomas Shijo , Umasankar V. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Aluminum and its alloys are finding increasing applications in every sphere of industry with various reinforcements. New reinforcements like graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are in focus on account of its contribution in mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. Achieving uniform distribution and selecting the right manufacturing process still remain a challenge. Hence, this review takes into account the contributions by many researchers and attempts to consolidate the findings that may close the gap and identify the scope for future research. In spite of the advantages of aluminum, it requires improvement in strength, wear resistance, heat resistance, conductivity, and thermal expansion. Among the available reinforcements, CNT stands out because of its unique features of thermal conductivity, expansion, and strength. The effect of multiwalled CNT reinforcement in metal on precipitation hardening is also discussed.
Generating High Density, Low Cost Genotype Data in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]
Authors: Happ Mary M , Wang Haichuan , Graef George L , Hyten David L 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Obtaining genome-wide genotype information for millions of SNPs in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] often involves completely resequencing a line at 5X or greater coverage. Currently, hundreds of soybean lines have been resequenced at high depth levels with their data deposited in the NCBI Short Read Archive. This publicly available dataset may be leveraged as an imputation reference panel in combination with skim (low coverage) sequencing of new soybean genotypes to economically obtain high-density SNP information. Ninety-nine soybean lines resequenced at an average of 17.1X were used to generate a reference panel, with over 10 million SNPs called using GATK’s Haplotype Caller tool. Whole genome resequencing at approximately 1X depth was performed on 114 previously ungenotyped experimental soybean lines. Coverages down to 0.1X were analyzed by randomly subsetting raw reads from the original 1X sequence data. SNPs discovered in the reference panel were genotyped in the experimental lines after aligning to the soybean reference genome, and missing markers imputed using Beagle 4.1. Sequencing depth of the experimental lines could be reduced to 0.3X while still retaining an accuracy of 97.8%. Accuracy was inversely related to minor allele frequency, and highly correlated with marker linkage disequilibrium. The high accuracy of skim sequencing combined with imputation provides a low cost method for obtaining dense genotypic information that can be used for various genomics applications in soybean.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE BIOLOGICAL VALUE AND OXIDATIVE STABILITY OF WALNUT AND PUMPKIN-SEED OILS
Authors: Nosenko T. , Koroluk T. , Usatuk S. , Vovk G. , Kostinova T. 
Published: May 2019

The work is devoted to the study of the biologically active components and the oxidation stability of oils made from non-traditional raw materials such as walnuts and pumpkin seeds. The characteristics that have been determined are the content of phospholipids, carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, and sterols, the composition of fatty acids and tocopherol homologues, the acidity and oxidation stability of walnut and pumpkin-seed oils. Walnut and pumpkin-seed oils contain a significant amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids, in particular, walnut oil contains linolenic acid and has the ratio ω-3:ω-6 of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which is close to the recommended ratio. The linoleic (polyunsaturated, ω-6) and oleic (monounsaturated) fatty acids dominated in the fatty acid composition of pumpkin-seed oil, and the sum of saturated fatty acids was three times as high as that in walnut oil. An important property of walnut oil is a very high ratio of ω-3:ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, 1:5, which is almost what is recommended by dietitians for the human diet. The difference in the total tocopherol content of the two oil samples was slight, but the composition of tocopherol homologues was very distinctive, i. e. β-tocopherol was the main homo;ogue in the walnut oil and α-tocopherol in the pumpkin-seed oil, respectively. The acidity of the oil samples increased quite rapidly, reaching the value close to 4 mg KOH/g of in 63 days for walnut oil, and in 70 days for pumpkin-seed oil. The oxidative stability of the two oil samples was estimated by changes of the peroxide value during 98 days of oil storage. It has been shown that the induction period of walnut oil oxidation, defined as the start of an increase of the peroxide index, was 56 days, in spite of a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly, linolenic acid. The duration of the induction period of pumpkin-seed oil oxidation and the shelf life of this oil were 70 and 98 days, respectively, while the shelf life of walnut oil was about 90 days. The higher resistance of pumpkin-seed oil to oxidative damage is primarily due to the fatty acid composition of this oil, namely to a high content of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids and almost twice as low a content of polyunsaturated fatty acids compared to that of walnut oil. Both oils can be recommended as a valuable source of polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants, and vitamins for human nutrition.
EFFECTS OF FİLTRATİON PROCESS AND STORAGE TİME ON THE CHEMİCAL CHANGES AND SENSORY PROPERTİES OF OLİVE OİL EXTRACTED FROM TURKİSH USLU CULTİVAR
Authors: Ghanbari Shendi E. , Sivri Ozay D. , Ozkaya M.T. , Ustunel N.F. 
Published: May 2019

Upper Mesopotamia is a part of Turkish territory is the homeland of the olive tree with a wide range genetic resource. This is the first report on chemical composition and oxidative stability of olive oil extracted from Uslu cultivar grown locally in a small amount. In this research, a Turkish olive cultivar named as “Uslu” locally grown in Akhisar was used for production of monocultivar extra virgin olive oil by using Mobile Olive Oil Processing Unit”. Olive oil samples were bottled before and after filtration and stored up to 24 months. Some chemical properties such as free fatty acid content, peroxide value, moisture content, UV absorbance value, minor and major components (fatty acid composition, tocopherols, total phenol compounds and phenolic composition), were determined during storage for 24 months. Chemical parameters such as free fatty acid, peroxide value except UV absorption values of both filtered and unfiltered “Uslu” olive oil samples were in agreement with the trade standards of International Olive Council (IOC). Color values of EVOO changed from green to yellow while UV absorbance values altered during storage. Very low free fatty acidy (0.2%) values which are unusual for commercial olive oils in Turkey were obtained for filtered and unfiltered samples. A slight increase was seen for unfiltered sample at the end of storage. Filtration had no detectable effect on fatty acid profile. Filtered sample had higher total phenols (407.64±4.051 ppm) and α-tocopherol (237 and 123.31 ppm) contents than unfiltered ones and their contents decreased approximately 50% at the end of storage. Luteolin was the most abundant phenolic compound and its concentration decreased from 268.65±5.428 to 93.57±0.541ppm during storage. It seemed effect of filtration was more obvious on total phenolic contents. This study was good practice for producing premium extra virgin olive oil by using Mobile Olive Oil Processing Unit. The results obtained in this study showed that Uslu olive oils has a unique chemical composition and a good oxidative stability with high tocopherols and phenolics contents that are uncommon in most of the commercial olive oils.
OPTIMIZATION OF EXTRACTION PARAMETERS FOR FUCOXANTHIN, GALLIC ACID AND RUTIN FROM NITZSCHIA THERMALIS
Authors: Hazal Özyur Vasfiye , Erdoğan Ayşegül , Zeliha Demirel Zeliha , Conk Dalay Meltem , Ötleş Semih 
Published: May 2019

Recently, microalgae have become important in their health, and cosmetic applications since they are viewed as new sources of carotenoids. Fucoxanthin is also a type of carotenoid. The anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, anti-cancer, and antioxidant properties of fucoxanthin have been widely reported. Since these valuable properties, they also represent a valuable resource of nutraceuticals for functional food applications. This study aims to determine the amount of fucoxanthin, gallic acid, and rutin in Nitzschia thermalis obtained from the Ege University Microalgae Culture Collection. The extraction parameters have been optimized using response surface methodology. The extraction temperature (25, 35, and 45°C), the extraction time (10, 20, and 30 min) and the biomass/solvent ratio (0.005, 0.001, and 0.015 g ml-1) have been assessed as response variables in the Box – Behnken design. The amount of fucoxanthin was determined by the C30 column at 450 nm, while both the amount of gallic acid and rutin were separated in the C18 column at 275 nm by HPLC-DAD. In the present study, the optimum extraction conditions providing the maximum amount of fucoxantin, gallic acid, and rutin were selected by applying the “desirability” function approach in response surface methodology. Finally, the temperature has been determined to be 27.30°C, the extraction time 10 minutes, and the biomass ratio 0.05 g ml-1. Under these conditions, the optimum fucoxanthin level has been determined as 5.8702 mg g-1, the gallic acid level as 0.0140 mg g-1, and the rutin level as 0.0496 mg g-1. The findings are in good agreement with international published values for fucoxanthin content. In addition, response surface methodology was shown to be an effective technique for optimising extraction conditions for maximum fucoxanthin yield. In conclusion, these findings may be applied in the development of extraction methodologies for value added microalgea products as well as can serve as a reference for the extraction of fucoxanthin having high gallic acid and rutin from other brown microalgae, and therefore it could potentially be applied in both pharmaceutical and food industries.
Epicardial fat thickness and biomarkers of inflammation in patients with stable coronary artery disease: correlation with the severity of coronary atherosclerosis
Authors: Koshelskaya O. A. , Suslova T. E. , Kologrivova I. V. , Margolis N. Yu. , Zhuravleva O. A. , Kharitonova O. A. , Kravchenko E. S. , Vinnitskaya I. V. , Karpov R. S. 
Published: May 2019

Aim. To study the relationship between the epicardial fat thickness (EFT), biomarkers of inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and various severity of coronary atherosclerosis.Material and methods. The study consisted of 89 patients (47 men and 42 women) with stable CAD at the age of 62,2±6,5 years, who assessed the presence and severity of coronary atherosclerosis according to angiography with the calculation of the Gensini Score (GS). We conducted an ultrasonic evaluation of the EFT. We determined the content of glucose, lipid fractions, apoproteins, pro-inflammatory cytokines and adipokines, C-reactive protein by a highly sensitive method (hsCRP).Results. In the total sample of patients, the median GS index was 13,5 (3,5; 43) points, the median EFT was 4,93 (3,95; 6,0) mm, the median hsCRP was 2,1 (1,02; 3,65) mg/l. There were no correlation relationships between the GS index and the body mass index, waist circumference, EFT, hsCRP, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in the general group of patients. In the course of linear regression analysis, an independent contribution of hsCRP >2,1 mg/l to the formation of the first two tertiles of a sample of GS values was established (0≤ GS ≤28, paired linear regression hsCRP at GS β=0,55, p=0,0221), whereas in patients with GS values from the third tertile (GS >28 points), the growth of this parameter had an independent association with an increase in the EFT (estimation of the coefficient of paired linear regression of the EFT on GS β=0,56, p=0,0015). The range of hsCRP changes did not affect the value of the β coefficient in paired linear regression models in patients with GS >28 points (n=29) and in the subgroup of patients with GS >28 and hsCRP >2,1 mg/l (n=18).Conclusion. The absence of an independent association between EFT and minor or moderate severity of atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries (for GS ≤28 points) in patients with CAD, while an independent marker of GS index increase is higher than 2,1 mg/l. An independent contribution to the formation of a severe coronary atherosclerosis (with a GS value of >28 points) is equally made by thickening of EFT, and a moderately elevated level of hsCRP.
Features of heart remodeling in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and its comorbid association with obesity in the context of the senilism concept
Authors: Brodovskaya T. O. , Grishchenko O. O. , Grishina I. F. , Peretolchina T. F. 
Published: May 2019

Aim. To analyze heart remodeling features in with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and its association with obesity in the context of early cardiac aging.Material and methods. The study included 101 men, 41 patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), 30 comorbid patients with OSA and obesity, the control group consisted of 30 healthy people. The average passport age of the patients was 40,4±6,7 years. Evaluation of OSA was carried out by cardiorespiratory monitoring, structural and functional features of the heart condition were studied using the echocardiography method, the average biological age was calculated.Results. Patients of both studied groups were characterized by structural and geometric rearrangement of the left heart chambers, transformation of physiological ellipsoid model into a spherical (left ventricle (LV) sphericity index 0,64±0,07 in the control group, 1,09±0,03 in the OSA group, 1,01±0,03 in the OSA + obesity group, p<0,05), LV hypertrophy (LV myocardial mass index was 78,1±23,9 in the group of healthy individuals, 98,1±11,4 in the OSA group and 116,0±29,4 in the OSA + obesity group, p<0,01). Systolic function in both study groups was preserved however, a tendency to stress of adaptive remodeling mechanisms was revealed. In addition, diastolic dysfunction was detected in both groups, in OSA group was associated with elasticity of the LV wall decrease, and in the OSA + obesity group, both with a violation of elasticity and an increase in the LV wall stiffness. The biological age of patients with OSA is 14% higher than the passport age, and with the association of OSA and obesity, by 39%.Conclusion. The obtained data prove impact of respiratory sleep disorders at heart remodeling as well as increased biological age. At the same time, the association of OSA with obesity has an additive adverse effect on the remodeling processes and the biological age of patients.
Internal obesity as a risk factor for arterial hypertension
Authors: Druzhilov M. A. , Kuznetsova T. Yu. 
Published: May 2019

Aim. To assess the role of ultrasound parameters of the extent of abdominal and epicardial visceral adipose tissue (VAT) as prognostic tools for determining the probability of arterial hypertension (AH) development in normotensive patients with obesity.Material and methods. We studied 526 normotensive (according to the results of daily monitoring of blood pressure (BP)) men (age 45,1±5,0 years) without cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus, with a SCORE risk <5% and abdominal obesity (waist circumference >94 cm). We analyzed glycemia, lipid spectrum, blood creatinine and urine albumin level. Echocardiography with an assessment of epicardial fat thickness (EFT), triplex scanning of the brachiocephalic arteries, ultrasound assessment of the thickness of abdominal VAT and subcutaneous fat (SCF) were carried out. At the end of the observational phase of the study (duration 46,3±5,1 months), repeated daily monitoring of blood pressure was performed.Results. Of the 406 available patients, hypertension was detected in 157 (38,7%), including 72 (31,7%) of the initial age group of 35-45 years and 85 (47,5%) of the initial age group 46-55 years. These patients were characterized by initially higher values of EFT (5,2±0,7 mm vs 4,4±1,0 mm, p<0,001) and the ratio of the thickness of abdominal VAT to the thickness of the SCF (2,9±0,6 vs 2,5±0,6, p<0,001). In the group of individuals with developed AH, the initial incidence of epicardial and abdominal visceral obesity was higher (58,0% vs 23,4%, p<0,001 and 44,6% vs 25,1%, p<0,001, respectively). Ultrasound parameters of abdominal and ectopic (epicardial) VAT were included in mathematical models of the probability of development of AH with a high level of statistical significance and maximum standardized coefficients of regression equations.Conclusion. Ultrasonic parameters of the severity of abdominal and epicardial VAT can be an additional tools for AH predicting in normotensive people with overweight and obesity.
Military Special Operations and Traffic Police Officers Have Similar Lifestyles Unrelated to Physical Fitness
Authors: Batista Francisco Valério De Medeiros , Leandro Leonardo Da Silva , Oliveira Leonardo dos Santos , Torres Vitor Bruno Cavalcante , Santos Heleodório Honorato dos , Aniceto Rodrigo Ramalho 
Published: May 2019

O estilo de vida (EV) pode estar relacionado às atividades ocupacionais, contudo, pouco se sabe sobre o EV de policiais brasileiros com diferentes demandas de trabalho. Portanto, analisou-se o EV e sua relação com a aptidão física relacionada à saúde (AFRS) de policiais do Batalhão de Operações Especiais (BOPE) e do Batalhão de Polícia de Trânsito (BPTRAN) de Patos-PB, Brasil. Foram analisados 44 militares da ativa, divididos por atividade ocupacional: BOPE (n=23) e BPTRAN (n=21). O EV foi analisado pela escala do Perfil de Estilo de Vida Individual (PEVI) e a AFRS por uma bateria de testes: medidas antropométricas, sentar-e-alcançar, abdominal de 1 min, flexão de cotovelos e vai-e-vem de 20m. Foram utilizados os testes U de Mann-Whitney, Qui-quadrado e correlação parcial (controlada por idade e escolaridade). Os componentes do EV foram similares entre os grupos (P>0,05). Não foram observadas associações significantes entre os perfis negativo e positivo dos componentes do EV com os grupos (P>0,05). O PEVI apresentou fraca correlação parcial com a AFRS em geral ou por atividade ocupacional (−0,310<r<0,287). Conclui-se que o EV apresentou independência da atividade ocupacional e não se relacionou às dimensões da AFRS nos policiais militares da ativa.Palavras-chaves: Saúde do Trabalhador. Esgotamento Profissional. Riscos Ocupacionais. Medicina Militar. AbstractLifestyle can be related to occupational activity; however, little is known about lifestyle of Brazilian police officers with different work demands. Thus, lifestyle and its relation to health-related physical fitness (HRPF) of police officers of the Special Operations Battalion (SOB) and Traffic Police Battalion (TPB) from Patos-PB, Brazil were analyzed. Forty-four active military personnel men were analyzed by occupational activity: SOB (n=23) and TPB (n=21). Lifestyle was analyzed by the Individual Lifestyle Profile (ILP) scale and HRPF by a battery of tests: anthropometric measurements, sit-and-reach test, 1-min curl-up test, elbow flexion and 20-m shuttle run test. Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square and partial correlation (controlled by age and schooling) were used. Lifestyle components were similar between the groups (p>0.05). There were no significant associations between the negative and positive profiles of lifestyle components with the groups (P>0.05). ILP showed a weak correlation with HRPF in general or by occupational activity (−0.310<r<0.287). In conclusion, lifestyle did not depend of the occupational activity and it was not related to the dimensions of the HRPF in the active military personnel.Keywords: Occupational Health. Burnout, Professional. Occupational Risks. Military Medicine.
Profile and Level of Satisfaction of Patients Attended at the Dentistry Clinic of the Catholic University Center of Quixadá / CE
Authors: Silva Cosmo Helder Ferreira da , Melo Samara Cristina de 
Published: May 2019

Conhecer a satisfação dos usuários é de fundamental importância para o desenvolvimento de ações e melhorias da qualidade de atendimento da universidade, além de ajudar na formação de profissionais qualificados, que prestam serviço à comunidade. O objetivo desse artigo foi conhecer o perfil social, demográfico, econômico e avaliar o grau de satisfação dos pacientes atendidos pelos alunos de graduação na clínica de odontologia do Centro Universitário Católica de Quixadá, Ceará, no período de fevereiro a abril de 2018. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, populacional, transversal, quantitativo, utilizando um questionário com questões objetivas, apresentando informações sobre variáveis socioeconômicas e a satisfação do paciente, sendo aplicado com 100 pacientes. A média de idade dos participantes foi de 25,9 anos, houve a predominância do sexo feminino com 65% (n=65), a maioria dos participantes eram de Quixadá 88% (n=88), quanto a renda familiar 58% (n=58) dos usuários possuía uma renda de até um salário mínimo. Quanto a satisfação dos atendimentos recebidos pelos alunos 76% (n=76) dos participantes do estudo disseram ser ótimo. Foi possível concluir que a maior parte dos usuários entrevistados da pesquisa demonstraram grande satisfação com relação a qualidade do serviço odontológico prestados pelos alunos na clínica do Centro Universitário católica de Quixadá.Palavras-chave: Saúde Bucal. Serviços de Saúde. Comportamento do Consumidor. AbstractKnowing user satisfaction is of crucial importance for the development of actions and improvements in the quality of care of the university, as well as help in the training of qualified professionals, who provide service to the community. The objective of this article was to know the social, demographic, economic profile and to evaluate the patients’ degree of satisfaction attended by undergraduate students in the dentistry clinic of Quixadá Catholic University Center, Ceará, from February to April 2018. This is a descriptive, population, transversal, quantitative study, using a questionnaire with objective questions, presenting information on socioeconomic variables and patient satisfaction, being applied with 100 patients. The mean age of the participants was 25.9 years, there was a predominance of females with 65% (n = 65), most participants were Quixadá 88% (n = 88), and family income 58% (n = 58) of the users had an income of up to a minimum wage. Regarding the satisfaction of the attendance received by the students, 76% (n = 76) of the study participants said that it was great. It was possible to conclude that the majority of the interviewed users of the study showed great satisfaction regarding the quality of the dental service provided by the students in the clinic of the Quixadá Catholic University Center.Keywords: Oral Health. Health Services. Consumer’s Behavior.