bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isometric strength vs. functional mobility and their relationship with risk of falls in community-dwelling older adults: a prospective study
Authors: Valenzuela Pedro L , Maffiuletti Nicola A , Saner Hugo , Schütz Narayan , Rudin Beatrice , Nef Tobias , Urwyler Prabitha 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Falls are a major concern for older adults and their care givers. The Timed Up and Go (TUG) test is extensively used to identify individuals at risk of falling, but less is known about the validity of simple isometric strength measures for this purpose. We aimed to assess the potential of isometric strength measures and the different modalities of the TUG test to detect individuals at risk of falling. Methods: Twenty-four community-dwelling older adults (≥ 65 years, 19 females, 88±7 years) performed three variations of the TUG test (standard, cognitive, motor) and three isometric strength tests (handgrip, knee extension and hip flexion) at baseline and at several time points (every ~6 weeks) during a 13-month follow-up. Linear mixed model analyses were then performed to examine differences between those who sustained ≥1 fall during the follow-up and those who did not. Results: Fallers had a worse performance in all TUG variations and a lower strength in all tests than non-fallers in non-adjusted analyses (p<0.05). However, when adjusting for baseline variables (age, gender, body mass index, and previous history of falls), only differences in handgrip and knee extension isometric strength measures remained significant (p=0.019 and p=0.042, respectively). Isometric strength measures related to changes in TUG performance both at baseline and during the follow-up (p<0.05). Conclusions: Isometric strength measures has potential to serve as a simple tool to detect individuals at risk of falling as compared to functional mobility measures (i.e. TUG test).
Early or delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy after endoscopic cholangiopancreatography and papillotomy- does it make a difference?
Authors: Grosek Jan , Petrič Miha , Plevel Danaja , Tomažič Aleš 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with endoscopic papillotomy (ERCP/EPT) followed by a cholecystectomy is a standard treatment of common biliary duct stones. It is unclear, however, what is the optimal time interval between ERCP/EPT and cholecystectomy. The primary aim of our study was to evaluate our current practice where patients are mostly operated one to three months after ERCP/EPT. The secondary aim was to determine the optimal timing for the cholecystectomy after ERCP/EPT.Methods A retrospective analysis of 117 patients who underwent a preoperative ERCP/EPT followed by a cholecystectomy was performed. Associations between demographic characteristics, type and duration of operation, conversion rate, postoperative complications and interval time were tested using multiple linear regression. The optimal interval was studied by drawing receiver operating curve (ROC) and studying the area under curve (AUC).Results The time interval between cholecystectomy and ERCP/EPT was not associated with the number of conversions to open surgery, duration of the operation or postoperative complications. There was no statistically significant association between any independent variable and time interval. No threshold interval could be found that would discriminate whether a patient had either operation conversion or complications or not.Conclusion No statistically significant associations between the timing of cholecystectomy after ERCP/EPT and the rate of conversions, complications or operation duration are seen in the group. Our current practice is safe, as the time interval in our study does not affect the rate of conversions, postoperative complications or operation duration. Based on the results of our study, no recommendations regarding the optimal time for the surgery can be given. Larger prospective randomized trials are needed.
Management practice, and treatment outcome and its associated factors among hospitalized stroke patient at Ambo University Referral Hospital, Ethiopia: an Institutional Based Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Kefale Belayneh , Betero Guye , Temesgen Gobezie , Degu Amsalu 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Although stroke has been consistently reported as one of the three leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the past few years in Ethiopia, there is a paucity of data regarding to stroke treatment outcomes and associated factors. Hence, this study was aimed to assess management practice, and treatment outcome and its associated factors among hospitalized stroke patients.Method

an institutional based cross sectional study was conducted among 111 hospitalized stroke patients in the medical ward of Ambo University Referral Hospital(AURH), who had been hospitalized for the last three years (March 30/2016- May30/2019). All patients diagnosed with stroke and hospitalized in the medical ward of AURH were included in the study. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 25.0 statistical software. Bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the predictors of poor treatment outcome.Result

The present study showed that ischemic stroke was the most prevalent (80.1%) form of stroke diagnosed in the study setting. Nonetheless, 18.2% of patients were diagnosed with hemorrhagic stroke. Among 111 study participants, 69 (62.2%) patients had good treatment outcome. From 42(37.8%) study participants with poor treatment outcome, 18(42.8%) were dead and 12 (28.6%) were with disability and left against medical advice on self and family request while the remaining 12 (28.6%) were referred to other higher health facility. Social history (substance abuse P=00.046, AOR=2.684, 95%CI 1.091-6.604), age (P=0.026, AOR= 3.256, 95%CI = 1.145-9.260) and chief compliant (P=0.009, AOR=0.254, 95%CI=0.091-0.708) were the predictors of treatment outcome among hospitalized stroke patients. Other variables like types of stroke, co-morbidity, and others did not show significant association with treatment outcome.Conclusion

The present study showed that ischemic stroke was the most predominantly diagnosed type of stroke in our setting. Acetyl salicylic acid and ACE inhibitor based regimens were frequently used in the management of stroke and hypertension, respectively. Nearly one third of the study participants had good treatment outcome. Nonetheless, death was reported in 16.2% of hospitalized stroke patients in the study setting. Being older and substance abusers, and the presence of hemiparesis during the initial hospital admission were significant predictors of poor treatment outcome.
Instruments for assessing quality of life among older adults in African countries: a scoping review
Authors: ATTAFUAH PRISCILLA Yeye Adumoah , Everink Irma HJ , Halfens Ruud JG , Lohrmann Christa , Abuosi Aaron , Schols Jos MGA 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Over 60% of the population in sub-Saharan Africa lives in informal settlements (slums) with little or no resources. To be prepared to meet the needs of older people living in slums, it is necessary to know more about their quality of life (QoL). The objective of this review is to identify instruments, which can be used by researchers to assess the QoL of older adults living in African countries, especially those dwelling in slums.Methods A scoping review was performed using the databases Scopus, PubMed, and ISI Web of Science to retrieve studies published between January 2008 – February 2019. Studies were included if they reported generic QoL instruments, focused on adults with a mean age ≥50 and were conducted in African countries.Results In total, 22 studies were included using 14 unique instruments to measure QoL (WHOQOL, SWLS, WHOQOL-OLD, the WHOQOL-BREF, SF-36, SF-12, RAND 36, WHO-SAGE-INDEPTH, CASP-19, CASP-12, the EQ-5D+C, EQ-6D, CAF and the adapted AMS). Almost all instruments could be interviewer-administered and had the possibility for content modification to better suit the research setting. However, little is known about their psychometric properties (validity and reliability), time-investment and cultural sensitivity of the domains included in the instruments.Conclusions Even though this review retrieved instruments used to assess QoL of older adults in African countries, there is a need for further research on adjustment and validation of currently existing QoL instruments. In addition, the development and validation of a new instrument which can be used in (illiterate) older populations, living in slums in Africa should be considered.
Modified trapdoor procedures using autogenous tricortical iliac graft without preserving the broken cartilage to treat osteonecrosis of the femoral head: A Prospective Cohort Study With Historical Controls
Authors: Cheng Qi , zhao fengchao , Xu Shi-zhuang , Zheng Li , Zheng Xin , Liu Lei 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background The aim of the present study was to investigate clinical and radiological outcomes of autologous tricortical iliac graft through a window created at the femoral head, without suturing the opened articular cartilage to treat osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), called modified trapdoor procedures. Methods A total of 59 consecutive patients (67 hips ) with ONFH were included in this study, which was conducted during the period from April 2009 to March 2012. Harris hip scores (HHS) were used to evaluate hip function pre- and postoperatively. Anteroposterior and frog-position X-rays and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were conducted to evaluate lesion location, size, and ARCO stage. Clinical failure was defined as score < 80 points or treatment by total hip arthroplasty(THA). Radiographic failure was defined as a > 3 mm of collapse in the hip. This group was retrospectively matched according to the ARCO stage, extent, location, etiology of the lesion, average age, gender, and preoperative Harris hip score to a group of 59 patients (67 hips) who underwent the“light bulb”approach during March 2007 to April 2009. Results Mean follow-up was 91.2 ± 13.6 months (range, 75–115 months). Mean HHS was 91.3 ± 4.5, compared with 83.1± 4.5 in the “light bulb” cohort at the 6 years follow-up examination ( P < 0.001). At the 6 years follow-up, for modified trapdoor procedures, five hips (8.5%) were classified as clinical failure, and 3 hips underwent total hip arthroplasty; Seven hips were classified as (10.4%) radiographic failure.The clinical and radiographic failure of the hips treated with the modified trapdoor procedure was significantly lower than that of the hips treated with the “light bulb” procedure (p < 0.05). Survival of the joint was not significantly related to the location of the femoral head lesion between two groups, but there was better clinical and radiographic results in modified trapdoor procedures with Size-C and the ARCO stage III. Conclusion The study demonstrated superior medterm clinical results in ONFH with the use of autologous tricortical iliac block graft through a femoral head window, without suturing the opened articular cartilage.
Effect of sea level rise on oil spill model drift using TELEMAC-2D
Authors: Lavine W. , Jamal M. H. , Abd Wahab A. K. , Kasiman E. H. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Sea level rise (SLR) is a serious issue around the world that affects the hydrodynamic behaviour of river and coastal waters. This work presents the hydrodynamic pattern modelled for the region and prediction of oil spill spreading at Pulai River estuary and southwest Johor Strait before and after SLR phenomenon using TELEMAC-2D. The hydrodynamic calibration and validation were in good agreement between measured and modelled values. The mean absolute error (MAE) of water level is less than 3% and average difference in speed and direction of current is less than 10% and 30°, respectively. These values meet the impact evaluation assessment by the Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID), which is less than 10% for water level and less than 30% and 45° for current speed and direction, respectively. Permanent service for mean sea level (PSMSL) analysis shows an increased water level of 0.35 m after SLR rise by year 2100. Currents also increase with the effect of SLR. At the Pulai River, the observed spill trajectory remains the same before and after SLR but in open seas, the affected oil spillage area at the anchorage zone is estimated to increase 28% after SLR compared to 2015. It is predicted that SLR increases water level, currents and oil spill spreading at open seas.
Improving the optimal solution of GoYang network – using genetic algorithm and differential evolution
Authors: Poojitha S. N. , Singh Gagandeep , Jothiprakash V. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In the present study, an attempt is made to search for better solutions for the Hanoi network, BakRyan network, and GoYang network (GYN) through evolutionary algorithms (EAs) such as genetic algorithm (GA) and differential evolution (DE), which are initially validated using the two-loop network. A detailed note on the classification of available benchmark-problems is reported. The major aim of the study is to improve the optimal solution of GYN, which can emerge as a standard benchmark-problem for future studies. On applying the developed EA models, an improved optimal cost compared with the literature is obtained for GYN. From the results, it is found that DE outshines GA by its better convergence capability and robustness in attaining an optimum solution.
Laser irradiation for controlling size of TiO2–Zeolite nanocomposite in removal of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicide
Authors: Abdollah Fatemeh , Borghei Seyed Mehdi , Moniri Elham , Kimiagar Salimeh , Panahi Homayon Ahmad 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis study focused on the synthesis of TiO2–Zeolite nanocomposite through a sol–gel approach. The decrease in the size of the nanocomposite is considered a primary parameter to improve photocatalytic activity. In this regard, fabricated samples were exposed to laser irradiation (532 nm) for four different time intervals in order to investigate the size variation of the nanocomposite. FTIR, UV–Vis, XRD, DLS, SEM and EDX analyses were applied to characterize and determine the size of the products. An optimized nanocomposite sample, in term of the particle size, was used for photodegradation of 2,4-D herbicide from aqueous solution. Photodegradation was carried out under UV irradiation (12 W) and Xe lamp irradiation (200 W). The obtained results showed that laser irradiation time has a substantial effect on controlling the size of the nanocomposite. Results from the photocatalyst study indicated that the elimination of 2,4-D under the Xe lamp irradiation was higher compared with the UV irradiation. Also, the final synthesized nanocomposite exhibited higher catalytic activity for photodegradation of 2,4-D compared with pure Zeolite and pure anatase TiO2 samples. The reusability of TiO2–Zeolite nanocomposite was studied in four successive cycles to evaluate the removal of 2,4-D under UV irradiation.
Signos y síntomas asociados a trastornos temporomandibulares en niños y adolescentes. Cali, Colombia
Authors: Soto-Llanos Libia , Rodríguez-Manjarrés Carolina , Triana-Escobar Francia Elena , Duque-Borrero Ángela María María 
Published: October 2019

Los trastornos temporomandibulares (TTM) en pacientes pediátricos se han estudiado poco. Realizar un diagnóstico oportuno, hace que exista mayor interés por parte de los investigadores para orientar a los odontólogos. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar la presencia de trastornos temporomandibulares registrados en las historias clínicas de pacientes atendidos en la clínica de Odontopediatría de la Universidad del Valle. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo y transversal para evaluar presencia de trastornos temporomandibulares en pacientes, en edades entre 4 a 14 años, que asistieron a las clínicas de Odontopediatría de la Universidad del Valle (Cali-Colombia), durante 2013 y 2016. Se revisaron, 712 historias; 56% de sexo masculino y 44% de sexo femenino. El 18,11% reportaron la presencia de al menos. Los signos y síntomas asociados con los TTM, los más frecuentes fueron el click bilateral (36,4%), la desviación y deflexión mandibular (27,1%) y dolor a la palpación (24,0%). La subluxación (1,6%) y el chasquido articular en apertura (0,8%) fueron los de menor presencia. Se concluyó que los trastornos de la ATM cada vez son mayores, es importante, realizar investigaciones que involucren los factores de riesgo y/o desencadenantes, la intervención oportuna y el manejo multidisciplinario de esta alteración.
Synergistic Antibacterial Efficacy of Biogenic Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles using Ajuga bractosa with Standard Antibiotics: A Study Against Bacterial Pathogens
Authors: Nazer Sadia , Andleeb Saiqa , Ali Shaukat , Gulzar Nazia , Iqbal Tariq , Khan Muhammad A.R. , Raza Abida 
Published: October 2019

Background:Multi-drug resistance in bacterial pathogens is a major concern of today. Green synthesis technology is being used to cure infectious diseases.Objectives:The aim of the current research was to analyze the antibacterial, antioxidant, and phytochemical screening of green synthesized silver nanoparticles using Ajuga bracteosa.Methods:Extract of A. bracteosa was prepared by maceration technique. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized using A. bracteosa extract and were confirmed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The antibacterial, anti-biofilm, cell proliferation inhibition, TLC-Bioautography, TLC-Spot screening, antioxidant, and phytochemical screening were also investigated.Results:UV-Vis spectrum and Scanning electron microscopy confirmed the synthesis of green nanoparticles at 400 nm with tube-like structures. FTIR spectrum showed that functional groups of nanoparticles have a role in capping and stability of AgNP. Agar well diffusion assay represented the maximum antibacterial effect of ABAgNPs against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 0.10 g/mL concentration compared to ABaqu. Two types of interactions among nanoparticles, aqueous extract, and antibiotics (Synergistic and additive) were recorded against tested pathogens. Crystal violet, MTT, TLC-bio-autography, and spot screening supported the findings of the antibacterial assay. Highest antioxidant potential effect in ABaqu was 14.62% (DPPH) and 13.64% (ABTS) while 4.85% (DPPH) and 4.86% (ABTS) was recorded in ABAgNPs. Presence of phytochemical constituents showed pharmacological importance.Conclusion:It was concluded that green synthesis is an innovative technology in which natural products are conjugated with metallic particles and are used against infectious pathogens. The current research showed the significant use of green nanoparticles against etiological agents.
Serotonergic Modulation of Nociceptive Circuits in Spinal Cord Dorsal Horn
Authors: Bardoni Rita 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Despite the extensive number of studies performed in the last 50 years,
aimed at describing the role of serotonin and its receptors in pain modulation at the spinal cord
level, several aspects are still not entirely understood. The interpretation of these results is often
complicated by the use of different pain models and animal species, together with the lack of highly
selective agonists and antagonists binding to serotonin receptors.

Method:
In this review, a search has been conducted on studies investigating the modulatory action
exerted by serotonin on specific neurons and circuits in the spinal cord dorsal horn. Particular attention
has been paid to studies employing electrophysiological techniques, both in vivo and in vitro.

Conclusion:
The effects of serotonin on pain transmission in dorsal horn depend on several factors,
including the type of receptors activated and the populations of neurons involved. Recently, studies
performed by activating and/or recording from identified neurons have importantly contributed to
the understanding of serotonergic modulation on dorsal horn circuits.
A REVIEW: MECHANISTIC INSIGHTS INTO THE EFFECT OF THYROID DISORDERS ON ESTROGEN LEVEL AND BONE MINERAL DENSITY
Authors: JOSHI MINAKSHI , BISHT SHRADHA , SINGH MAMTA F. 
Published: October 2019

Thyroid hormone serves as an indispensable component for the optimum functioning of various biological systems. They curb body’s metabolism, regulates the estrogen level, regulates bone turnover, essential for skeletal development and mineralization. Within the scope of knowledge, it is intimately familiar that thyroid disorders have widespread systemic manifestations, among which in hypothyroidism, even though elevated TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) may reduce estrogen level which in turn stimulates osteoclasts and thus cause osteoporosis, while hyperthyroidism accelerates bone turnover. Hypothyroidism does not directly interfere with the skeletal integrity, but treatment with levothyroxine for the suppression of TSH to bring the hypothyroid patient to euthyroid state for a long haul; lead to simultaneous reduction in bone mass and in (bone mineral density) BMD.
After the initial relevation of the correlation between thyroid disorders and osteoporosis in numerous studies have emphasized that both hypo and hyperthyroidism either directly or indirectly affects the bone mineral density or leads to the progression of osteoporosis.
Therefore the present study is aimed and so designed to review all the possible associations between them and the impact of thyroid disorders on estrogen level and bone mineral density.
The main findings of this review indicate that both excesses as well as deficiency of thyroid hormone can be potentially deleterious for bone tissue.
CURRENT STATUS OF MATERIOVIGILANCE GLOBALLY-AN UTTER OVERVIEW WITH CLINICAL CASE PERUSAL
Authors: CHAUHAN PRATIBHA , ZARREEN AALIA , IQUBAL MOHAMMAD KASHIF 
Published: October 2019

Today’s medical devices are the lifesaving tool and these tools are very frequently used globally since long ago. With the increase in the number of medical devices and their uses, there is an increase in the number of adverse events related to such devices. That is why Materiovigilance is an important tool for the identification, collection, reporting, and analysis of any aversive catastrophe related to the use of medical devices and protection of a patient’s life by fending its reiteration. Post marketing surveillance of medical devices has been initiated in many countries, like the United States of America has started a program under the name Medical Device Reporting (MDR), France, Australia and the United Kingdom have also come up with their own programs. Apart from this India has also initiated the Materiovigilance program by Drug Controller General of India (DCGI) at the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC) in Ghaziabad in 2015. In this article we have discussed about the risks associated with the use of different classes of medical devices and the need of Materiovigilance program. This article also discusses the adverse events associated with the medical devices, the reporting criteria of those adverse events and the different clinical events of the medical devices.