bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wienhausen Hs 80: Überlegungen zu Kontext und Performanz des Objekts
Authors: Dauven-van Knippenberg Carla , Meyer Elisabeth 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The former Cistercian convent of Wienhausen in Lower Saxony contains a unique collection of miniature-manuscripts from the 14th till 16th century. These little and on first sight unimpressive booklets – most of them comprise no more than a few folia – have drawn little scholarly attention as a group. When studied, scholars were mainly interested in their content (prayers etc.), but less in their material distinctiveness, namely the very small size and the fact that a relatively large number of these booklets has been preserved. Most of these booklets contain Latin texts, demonstrating the high educational level of the cloistered women, but also showing that Latin is the language of divine vicinity. Using the example of the Wienhäuser Manuscript 80 we suggest that the women made those little booklets from the blank folia-margins of discarded larger parchment manuscripts. The use of scraps probably offered a possibility for the women to produce booklets for their very personal use and belongings aside from all other manuscripts for daily devotional practices. We suggest that the meaning of the small booklets lays not only or primarily in the texts, but also in the objects themselves, their tininess and the fact that the women made and owned them. A future dna-analysis could throw light on the relation between these tiny scrap booklets and other preserved manuscripts from the convent.
Scale-Selective Precision for Weather and Climate Forecasting
Authors: Chantry Matthew , Thornes Tobias , Palmer Tim , Düben Peter 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAttempts to include the vast range of length scales and physical processes at play in Earth’s atmosphere push weather and climate forecasters to build and more efficiently utilize some of the most powerful computers in the world. One possible avenue for increased efficiency is in using less precise numerical representations of numbers. If computing resources saved can be reinvested in other ways (e.g., increased resolution or ensemble size) a reduction in precision can lead to an increase in forecast accuracy. Here we examine reduced numerical precision in the context of ECMWF’s Open Integrated Forecast System (OpenIFS) model. We posit that less numerical precision is required when solving the dynamical equations for shorter length scales while retaining accuracy of the simulation. Transformations into spectral space, as found in spectral models such as OpenIFS, enact a length scale decomposition of the prognostic fields. Utilizing this, we introduce a reduced-precision emulator into the spectral space calculations and optimize the precision necessary to achieve forecasts comparable with double and single precision. On weather forecasting time scales, larger length scales require higher numerical precision than smaller length scales. On decadal time scales, half precision is still sufficient precision for everything except the global mean quantities.
‘They love me, but they don’t understand me’: Family support and stigmatisation of mental health service users in Gujarat, India
Authors: Mahomed Faraaz , Stein Michael Ashley , Chauhan Ajay , Pathare Soumitra 
Published: December 2018

Background: Family life is a near-universal condition and a fundamental human right. It can also have a significant impact on mental health, including recovery from mental health conditions. In India, families play a considerable role, representing a source of social, cultural, religious and, often, financial support. However, families can also play a stigmatising role. Aim: To examine the experiences of mental health service users (MHSUs) relating to stigma and support provided by family members and to consider ways in which family support can be improved. Method: This is a qualitative study. A total of 17 residential MHSUs at the Ahmedabad Hospital for Mental Health were interviewed. The results were evaluated using thematic content analysis. Results: The results revealed that all 17 MHSUs considered their families to be important sources of support, while 14 of the 17 MHSUs also experienced stigma emanating from their families. A total of 11 experienced lack of knowledge, 4 spoke of prejudicial attitudes and 5 mentioned discriminatory behaviours. There were important gender differences in experiences. MHSUs mentioned needs ranging from education and peer support for family members to financial support. Conclusions: Families act both as sources of support and stigmatisation. Education needs are considerable, while the need for peer support for families and resources to aid families in supporting people with mental health conditions are also important considerations.
“Revaluing Prosper of Aquitaine in Contemporary Liturgical Theology”
Authors: Novak Joseph A. 
Published: December 2018

Contemporary liturgical theologians rely upon the now classic passage from Prosper of Aquitaine—ut legem credendi lex statuat supplicandi—as a foundation for much of their constructive proposals. However, the competing interpretative approaches to Prospers adage have threatened its integrity by either expecting too much or too little from the phrase. This essay argues for a renewed examination of Prospers writings and proposes a new method of interpretation, one that addresses both the immediate concerns of Prosper and the aims of contemporary liturgical theologians. This new interpretative scheme views liturgical practice, Holy Scripture, and Church tradition as the necessary components in deriving the Prosperian lex supplicandi. In revisiting Prospers writings to validate this thesis, this essay provides an exhaustive map of three major interpretation camps of Prospers phrase, and suggests a fourth approach.
The Place for the Proclamation of the Word in Western Liturgy: Reflections on Current Practice
Authors: Pacik Rudolf 
Published: December 2018

In this contribution we shall address an issue of present-day usage: How ought the place for proclamation to be arranged, bearing in mind the needs of the celebration in its aspect as dramatic action, and the sign-character of the celebration's various elements? On the history of the matter I shall say nothing here; I shall be assuming it. 1 1 See R. Pacik, “Der Ambo in der eneuerten Liturgie” in E. Renhart and A. Schnider (eds), Sursum corda. Variationenen zu einem liturgischen Motiv. Fur Philipp Harnoncourt zum 60. Geburtstag (Graz 1991) 243-54, esp. 243-5, with survey of Roman Catholic guidelines, 245-7.
Challenges of Edible Oils From Farm to Industry: Views of Stakeholders
Authors: Zargaraan Aziz , Mohammadi-Nasrabadi Fatemeh , Hosseini Hedayat , Salmani Yeganeh , Bahmaei Manochehr , Esfarjani Fatemeh 
Published: December 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore stakeholders’ views about quality and safety of edible oils from farm to industry and propose policy options to address these challenges. Methods: Semistructured, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 11 experts in the edible oil industry. Participants were selected through purposive and snowball sampling. Open-ended interview questions were used to identify the edible oils’ challenges from farm to industry. All interviews were recorded and final transcripts were re-read to obtain categories until themes were developed using directed content analysis and constant comparison methods. Results: Six categories in 14 themes with 49 sub themes were explored based on the perspectives of the stakeholders who were responsible for edible oil industry: (1) safety, (2) imports, (3) factory, (4) edible oils’ monitoring, (5) edible oil industry, and (6) building consumer trust. The participants’ views showed that to increase the quality and safety of edible oils, the following approaches are required: updating food safety regulations, effective inspection, monitoring and surveillance systems, updating laboratory equipment, and controlling the media advertising. Conclusions: In order to build and maintain effective edible oil safety systems, strong links must be established between all sectors responsible. The key players need to have access to reliable and up-to-date information so that timely collective action can be taken. It is recommended that governments face up to this task and lead the way. The research findings seek to offer policy options for government and the stakeholders for challenging future strategies for edible oil industry.
KHL: Consulting for Managing Sales Force Attrition (A)
Authors: Nair Unnikrishnan K , Purani Keyoor 
Published: December 2018

Kalpak Healthcare Limited (KHL), a large pharmaceutical company in the southern part of India, once faced severe sales force turnover in its Life Branded Medications SBU, popularly called the Branded SBU (B-SBU). It became an issue of highest concern to the top management of KHL; so they appointed a team of consultants from a premier management school in the region to study the issue and recommend possible solutions and strategies. Over a period of 6 months, the consultants conducted extensive research—studying internal company records, analysing the industry and external environment, gathering qualitative data through in-depth interviews (DIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) among KHL employees and executing a division-wide quantitative survey labelled as Manpower Mood Meter (M3) among the field executives—and finally came up with recommendations. The case is organized as two independent, successive ones—A and B. Case (A) describes the consultants’ engagement with KHL and ends with them pondering over the types of analyses to be done with the huge volume of data they had collected. Case (B) details the kinds of analyses they actually do and the inferences they draw. The set of recommendations the consultants finally make to the KHL top management is given in the epilogue of the teaching note. The critical value of this case lies in its ability to open up the students’ minds to the dynamic interplay of multiple factors—individual, managerial, organizational, industrial-contextual and historical—that holistically affect a phenomenon like ‘attrition’ in organizations. This could perhaps also be one of those rare cases that makes use of the principles of System Dynamics in a real, applied and combined context of marketing and human resource (HR) management.
The impact of functioning hemodialysis arteriovenous accesses on renal graft perfusion: Results of a pilot study
Authors: Laranjinha Ivo , Matias Patricia , Oliveira Regina , Casqueiro Ana , Bento Maria Teresa , Carvalho Ana Paula , Adragão Teresa , Jorge Cristina , Bruges Margarida , Birne Rita , Machado Domingos , Weigert André 
Published: December 2018

Introduction: After a kidney transplant, it is unknown whether the maintenance of a functioning hemodialysis arteriovenous access could have deleterious effects on renal grafts. We hypothesize that maintaining an arteriovenous access can deviate a significant proportion of the cardiac output from the renal graft. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a temporary closure of the arteriovenous access could lead to an increase in graft perfusion. Methods: We conducted a study in 17 kidney-transplanted patients with a functioning arteriovenous access. We evaluated, at baseline and 30 s after compression of the arteriovenous access (access flow occlusion), the hemodynamic parameters and the renal resistive index of the graft by Doppler ultrasound. Results: After arteriovenous access occlusion 82.4% (n = 14) of the patients had a decrease in resistive index. All patients had a decrease in heart rate (67 vs 58 bpm, p < 0.001) and 14 (82.4%) had an increase in mean blood pressure (98.3 vs 101.7 mm Hg, p = 0.044). There was a significant decrease in the resistive index (ΔRI) after the access occlusion (0.68 vs 0.64, p = 0.030). We found a negative correlation in Qa (r2 = −0.55, p = 0.022) with the ΔRI, and Qa was an independent predictor of ΔRI in a model adjusted to pre-occlusion resistive index. Conclusion: Our results showed that temporary occlusion of an arteriovenous access causes a significant decline in renal graft resistive index and this decline is higher with the occlusion of accesses with higher Qa. These results suggest that the maintenance of arteriovenous accesses, mainly those with higher Qa, can decrease renal graft perfusion.
Biosynthetic vascular graft: a valuable alternative to traditional replacement materials for treatment of prosthetic aortic graft infection?
Authors: Betz T. , Neuwerth D. , Steinbauer M. , Uhl C. , Pfister K. , Töpel I. 
Published: December 2018

Background and Aims: To report the experience of a tertiary vascular surgery center using Omniflow II® biosynthetic vascular grafts for treatment of prosthetic aortic graft infection. Materials and methods: Retrospective analysis of all patients with prosthetic graft infections who underwent in situ aortic reconstruction using Omniflow II® grafts or other conduits between March 2015 and May 2017. Early and late mortality, perioperative complications, and reinfection rate were analyzed. Results: Sixteen patients (14 males, median age 68.5, range 57–89) with prosthetic aortic graft infection were treated at our center. Eight patients received an Omniflow II® biosynthetic graft, two patients silver-triclosan coated grafts, three patients bovine pericardial tube grafts, and three patients composite bovine pericardial tube grafts with Omniflow II® graft extensions. Perioperative complications occurred in seven patients (43.8%). Early mortality rate was 18.7% (n = 3). In addition, four patients died during follow-up after a median of 11 months (range 0–34 months). We did not observe any reinfections. Bypass grafts were patent in all patients. No major limb amputations were performed during follow-up. Conclusion: Treatment of prosthetic aortic graft infection with Omniflow II® vascular grafts is feasible. Graft material seems to have an excellent resistance to infection and might be a valuable alternative to traditional replacement materials. Especially long-term durability has to be continuously monitored and documented.
Relationships Between Cognitive Dysfunction and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Older Persons in Taiwan: A Nationwide Population-Based Survey
Authors: Liu Hsin-Yun , Tsai Wen-Che , Chiu Ming-Jang , Tang Li-Yu , Lee Huey-Jane , Shyu Yea-Ing L. , Wang Woan-Shyuan 
Published: December 2018

Background: To examine the relationships between cognitive dysfunction status and quality of life. Methods: Secondary analysis of a nationwide population-based survey (≥65 years) in Taiwan. The 5-dimension EuroQoL questionnaire (EQ-5D) was completed by 10 013 participants. Results: Participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI; odds ratio = 4.88), very mild dementia (VMD; 7.96), or dementia (32.85) were more likely than those with normal cognition to report self-care problems. Participants with MCI (3.86), VMD (9.26), or dementia (31.61) were more likely to have usual-activity problems, and those with MCI (3.04), VMD (3.82), or dementia (9.23) were more likely to have mobility problems. Participants with MCI (2.10 and 2.14), VMD (2.77 and 2.18), or dementia (3.04 and 3.02) were more likely to report pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. Conclusion: Dementia was negatively associated with EQ-5D, especially self-care, usual activities, and mobility. Mild cognitive impairment or VMD was also negatively associated, with VMD more negatively associated. Developing interventions for patients with specific cognitive dysfunctions is critical.
In-Plane Liquid Distribution in Nonwoven Fabrics: Part 2 — Simulation
Authors: Kim H. S. , Pourdeyhimi B. 
Published: December 2018

In a recent paper, we reported on a new absorbency testing system that measures in-plane fluid flow, absorbency and pore volume distribution [8]. The importance of fiber orientation characteristic in nonwovens, as it directly influences the in-plane fluid flow in nonwovens was explored. In this paper, we present a framework for the prediction of in-plane wicking in nonwovens. This paper describes the underlying foundation for the simulation of in-plane wicking and reports on preliminary comparisons between simulation and experimental data.
Cutting Costs Prior to ‘Cutting Metal’ in the Nonwovens Industry
Authors: Mukhopadhyay A. , Kelecy F. J. 
Published: December 2018

As the North American nonwovens market has matured over the last ten years, computer-aided design, engineering and flow analysis have established themselves as effective engineering tools to complement and optimize traditional design, analysis and testing. This has lead to significant cost and time savings in the product life cycle. More specifically, these tools mainly impact pre-market activities, thus they reduce time-to-market and overall development expense. This paper demonstrates the successful use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools to achieve cost-effective design analysis and optimization. Examples of airflow delivery systems (fan/blower design and jets/diffusers in spun bond process) and analysis of filter performance are shown
The neglected element of hand hygiene - significance of hand drying, efficiency of different methods and clinical implication: A review
Authors: Gammon John , Hunt Julian 
Published: December 2018

Hand hygiene is a fundamental strategy for controlling the spread of infection. Careful hand drying is integral to the process of hand hygiene, which aims to optimise the removal of potentially pathogenic microorganisms. Ineffective hand drying results in wet hands that are an infection risk increasing the potential for cross-infection, occupational contact dermatitis for healthcare practitioners, harm to patients and environmental contamination. Evidence indicates that there has been limited research regarding the significance of hand drying and the efficacy and clinical impact of different drying methods. The purpose of this review paper was to scope and evaluate the existing literature pertaining to hand drying; to examine the clinical consequences associated with wet hands for patients, healthcare practitioners and the clinical environment; to assess the efficacy of different drying methods; to consider the impact on patient safety; and to progress the research, debate and practice relating to hand drying. The methodological framework applied in this review was that of Arksey and O’Malley (2007). Twenty-one papers identified from 112 abstracts screened were included in the review. Analysis identified three primary themes emerging from the literature: (1) efficacy of hand drying methods; (2) drying method and microbial translocation, dispersion and environmental contamination; and (3) drying methods and environmental sustainability. This review highlights the equal importance of hand drying in the process of hand hygiene and suggests that the efficacy of hand drying is a critical factor in the prevention of the transfer of microorganisms to the environment, and from person to person following hand washing. In conclusion, this paper argues that greater attention needs to be given to hand drying in terms of practice, policy and research and its importance in clinical settings given greater focus.
Limitations to the use of bromelain-based enzymatic debridement (NexoBrid®) for treating diabetic foot burns: a case series of disappointing results
Authors: Berner Juan Enrique , Keckes Dejan , Pywell Matthew , Dheansa Baljit 
Published: December 2018

Background: Bromelain-based enzymatic debridement with Nexobrid® (Mediwound) is an alternative to traditional surgical tangential excision of deep dermal and full thickness burns. Early literature suggests that Nexobrid debridement could reduce the number of operations, infection rates, inpatient stay and the necessity for skin grafting to wounds by preserving viable tissue. To our knowledge there are no previous studies reporting the use of NexoBrid for treating burns in patients with established diabetic foot disease. Case presentation: We conducted a retrospective case series and identified four patients with diabetic foot burns that were treated with Nexobrid® debridement. All of these patients developed further eschar and deepening of their wounds a few days after NexoBrid was applied, requiring further surgery and skin grafting. Conclusions: We would recommend judicious use of this new product in patients with diabetic foot wounds.
Deep Learning for Natural Language Processing in Urology: State-of-the-Art Automated Extraction of Detailed Pathologic Prostate Cancer Data From Narratively Written Electronic Health Records
Authors: Leyh-Bannurah Sami-Ramzi , Tian Zhe , Karakiewicz Pierre I. , Wolffgang Ulrich , Sauter Guido , Fisch Margit , Pehrke Dirk , Huland Hartwig , Graefen Markus , Budäus Lars 
Published: December 2018

Purpose Entering all information from narrative documentation for clinical research into databases is time consuming, costly, and nearly impossible. Even high-volume databases do not cover all patient characteristics and drawn results may be limited. A new viable automated solution is machine learning based on deep neural networks applied to natural language processing (NLP), extracting detailed information from narratively written (eg, pathologic radical prostatectomy [RP]) electronic health records (EHRs). Methods Within an RP pathologic database, 3,679 RP EHRs were randomly split into 70% training and 30% test data sets. Training EHRs were automatically annotated, providing a semiautomatically annotated corpus of narratively written pathologic reports with initially context-free gold standard encodings. Primary and secondary Gleason pattern, corresponding percentages, tumor stage, nodal stage, total volume, tumor volume and diameter, and surgical margin were variables of interest. Second, state-of-the-art NLP techniques were used to train an industry-standard language model for pathologic EHRs by transfer learning. Finally, accuracy of the named entity extractors was compared with the gold standard encodings. Results Agreement rates (95% confidence interval) for primary and secondary Gleason patterns each were 91.3% (89.4 to 93.0), corresponding to the following: Gleason percentages, 70.5% (67.6 to 73.3) and 80.9% (78.4 to 83.3); tumor stage, 99.3% (98.6 to 99.7); nodal stage, 98.7% (97.8 to 99.3); total volume, 98.3% (97.3 to 99.0); tumor volume, 93.3% (91.6 to 94.8); maximum diameter, 96.3% (94.9 to 97.3); and surgical margin, 98.7% (97.8 to 99.3). Cumulative agreement was 91.3%. Conclusion Our proposed NLP pipeline offers new abilities for precise and efficient data management from narrative documentation for clinical research. The scalable approach potentially allows the NLP pipeline to be generalized to other genitourinary EHRs, tumor entities, and other medical disciplines.