bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology and survival outcomes of mucinous adenocarcinomas: A SEER population-based study
Authors: Xie Guang-Dong , Liu Yi-Rong , Jiang Yi-Zhou , Shao Zhi-Ming 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTo investigate the epidemiology, demographics and survival of mucinous adenocarcinomas (MACs), we identified 80,758 MAC patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. The reported incidence of MACs ebbed and flowed over time; however, a significant increase in reported annual age-adjusted incidences of MACs in the appendix, lung and bronchus was observed from 1981 to 2014. The demographics and outcomes of MACs differed by anatomic sites. MACs of the stomach had the largest percentage of poorly differentiated or undifferentiated tumors (41.2%), while MACs of the appendix and pancreas were associated with more advanced tumor stage (P < 0.001). MACs of the pancreas, lung and bronchus and stomach showed worse survival than other sites, despite localized, regional or distant stage (P < 0.001). In univariate and multivariate analysis, site, tumor grade, tumor stage, regional nodes, sex, race, surgery and year of diagnosis were identified as independent prognostic factors of cancer-specific survival. In conclusion, the incidence of MACs of certain specific sites, such as the appendix, lung and bronchus, is rapidly increasing. We also revealed a series of prognostic factors of MACs, including tumor sites, tumor grade and tumor stage, which may improve the current understanding of the clinical and biological patterns of MACs.
Infrared spectroscopy of the merger candidate KIC 9832227
Authors: Pavlenko Ya. V. , Evans A. , Banerjee D. P. K. , Southworth J. , Shahbandeh M. , Davis S. 
Published: April 2018

Context. It has been predicted that the object KIC 9832227 – a contact binary star – will undergo a merger in 2022.2 ± 0.7. We describe the near-infrared (NIR) spectrum of this object as an impetus to obtain pre-merger data.
Aims. We aim to characterise (i) the nature of the individual components of the binary and (ii) the likely circumbinary environment, so that the merger – if and when it occurs – can be interpreted in an informed manner.
Methods. We use infrared (IR) spectroscopy in the wavelength range 0.7–2.5 μm, to which we fit model atmospheres to represent the individual stars. We use the binary ephemeris to determine the orbital phase at the time of observation.
Results. We find that the IR spectrum is best fitted by a single component with effective temperature 5920 K, log[g] = 4.1, and solar metallicity, consistent with the fact that the system was observed at conjunction.
Conclusions. The strength of the IR H lines is consistent with a high value of logg, and the strength of the Ca II triplet indicates the presence of a chromosphere, as might be expected from rapid stellar rotation. The He I absorption we observe likely arises in He excited by coronal activity in a circumstellar envelope, suggesting that the weakness of the Ca II triplet is also likely chromospheric in origin.
Shikonin Prevents Early Phase Inflammation Associated with Azoxymethane/Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colon Cancer and Induces Apoptosis in Human Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Andújar Isabel , Martí-Rodrigo Alberto , Giner Rosa , Ríos José , Recio María 
Published: April 2018

AbstractShikonin is the main active principle in the root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for its anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties. Recent research highlights shikoninʼs antitumor properties and capacity to prevent acute ulcerative colitis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ability of shikonin to prevent, in vivo, the early phases of colorectal cancer development, with special focus on its cytotoxic mechanism in vitro. We employed the azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium model of colitis in Balb/C mice. Body weight and drinking were monitored throughout the experiment, and length of colon and lesions of the colon were recorded on termination of the experiment in all of the experimental groups. Colons underwent histological evaluation and biochemical analyses [myeloperoxidase activity assay, measurement of interleukin-6, evaluation of proinflammatory enzymes (cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase), and nuclear factor-κB activation by Western blot]. Caco-2 cells were used to evaluate, in vitro, the effect of shikonin on proliferation, cytotoxicity, cell cycle, and apoptosis. Our results reveal that shikonin significantly protected the intestinal tissue of our animals by preventing the shortening of the colorectum and ulcer formation in a dose-dependent manner. Shikonin attenuated the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase, and myeloperoxidase activity, and inhibited the production of interleukin-6 and activation of nuclear factor-κB. It induced Bcl-2 and inhibited caspase 3. In conclusion, shikonin acts as a chemopreventive agent in the azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium model through inhibition of the proinflammatory milieu generated during the disease, an important risk factor in cancer development.
Preterm Pulmonary Hemorrhage Is Associated with Multiple Births but Not with Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection: A Cohort Study on Medical Records
Authors: Stierling Stefanie , Hilgers Ralf-Dieter , Trepels-Kottek Sonja , Heimann Konrad , Orlikowsky Thorsten , Schoberer Mark 
Published: April 2018

Objective Pulmonary hemorrhage (PH) is a severe complication in preterm neonates. This study aims to identify risk factors and comorbidities of PH.
Study Design A single-center cohort study on medical records including all preterm neonates of <30 weeks' gestational age was conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit of Universitätsklinikum Aachen, Germany. The occurrence of PH served as a primary end point. Gestational age, birthweight, sex, multiple births, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), intubation, surfactant, antenatal steroids, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), amniotic infection syndrome, and persistent ductus arteriosus were studied as risk factors.
Results In this study, 344 preterm neonates were included, of whom 36 suffered from PH (10.5%). The mean time of the first occurrence was the third day of life (standard deviation [SD]: 1.2). On average, the patients suffered from 1.5 incidents (SD: 0.8) of PH, of whom 50% were severe. Preterm neonates born as multiples (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.1, 26.9) and those who suffered from IVH (95% CI: 2.7, 18.9) had a significantly increased risk of PH. ICSI was not an independent risk factor.
Conclusion PH is significantly associated with IVH and multiple births but not with ICSI. The identification of patients at risk allows to apply prophylactic strategies of ventilation and pharmacological treatment.
Nucleus-specific expression in the multinuclear mushroom-forming fungus
Agaricus bisporus
reveals different nuclear regulatory programs
Authors: Gehrmann Thies , Pelkmans Jordi F. , Ohm Robin A. , Vos Aurin M. , Sonnenberg Anton S. M. , Baars Johan J. P. , Wösten Han A. B. , Reinders Marcel J. T. , Abeel Thomas 
Published: April 2018

Significance
Fungi are a broad class of organisms that play crucial roles in a wide variety of natural and industrial processes. Some are also harmful, destroying crops or infecting immunocompromised patients. Many fungi, at some point during their life cycle, contain two different nuclei, each with different genetic content. We examine the regulation of genes from these nuclei in a mushroom-forming fungus. We find that these nuclei contribute differently to the regulation of the fungal cells, and may therefore have a different impact on their environment. Furthermore, these differences change throughout the development of different tissues. This work contributes to our understanding of fungal physiology by examining this process.
How Do Consumers’ Cultural Backgrounds and Values Influence Their Coupon Proneness? A Multimethod Investigation
Authors: Lalwani Ashok K , Wang Jessie J 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Although coupons are very effective in increasing sales, a major challenge marketers face with coupons is the low redemption rates. Consequently, marketers are continuously trying to identify consumers who are more or less likely to respond to couponing efforts, in order to better direct coupons to segments high in coupon proneness and hence increase redemption rates. The current research identifies consumers’ cultural backgrounds and values as important determinants of their likelihood of redeeming coupons. Across five studies, we find that Asians (vs. Caucasians), Indians (vs. Americans), and, more generally, consumers with an interdependent (vs. independent) self-construal are more likely to use coupons because they are more motivated to engage in self-regulation, which is proposed to enhance coupon proneness. We conclude with the implications of these findings for marketers, such as for their segmentation and targeting endeavors. We also provide specific tools that marketers could use, both inside and outside the store, to influence consumers’ use of coupons.
Trending on Pinterest: an examination of pins about skin tanning
Authors: Banerjee Smita C , Rodríguez Vivian M , Greene Kathryn , Hay Jennifer L 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Rates of melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers are on the rise in the USA with data revealing disproportionate increase in female young adults. The popularity of intentional skin tanning among U.S. adolescents is attributed to several factors, including prioritization of physical appearance, media images of tanned celebrities, ease of availability of artificial tanning facilities, and more recently, the prevalence and celebration of tanned skin on social media. Pinterest, as the third most popular social media platform, was searched for “pins” about skin tanning. The resultant “pins” were examined to understand the extent and characteristics of skin tanning portrayed on Pinterest. We analyzed pins on Pinterest about skin tanning (n = 501) through a quantitative content analysis. Overall, results indicated an overwhelmingly protanning characteristic of pins about skin tanning on Pinterest, with over 85% of pins promoting tanning behavior. The pins were generally characterized by the portrayal of a female subject (61%) and provided positive reinforcement for tanning (49%). Use of tanning for enhancing appearance was the main positive outcome expectancy portrayed in the pins (35%), and nudity or exposure of skin on arms (32%) and legs (31%) was evident in about a third of pins. With overwhelmingly positive pins promoting tanning, use of female subjects, exhibiting nudity, and appearance enhancement, there seems be to a consistent targeting of female users to accept tanning as a socially acceptable and popular behavior. The findings indicate a need for developing sun protection messages and the leveraging of social media for dissemination of skin cancer prevention and detection messages.
Outpatient Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy Following Surgical Debridement: Results and Complications
Authors: Tamir Eran , Finestone Aharon S. , Wiser Itay , Anekstein Yoram , Agar Gabriel 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:
To present results and complications in a case series of outpatients with diabetic and neuropathic foot ulcers with exposed bone following surgical debridement treated with negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT).

METHODS:
Retrospective data were obtained from digital medical records from the Maccabi Health Services High Risk Foot Clinic in Tel Aviv, Israel, between 2009 and 2014. Medical records examined were those of clinic outpatients with exposed bone following partial foot amputation or selective bone debridement (University of Texas grade III-A) treated with NPWT.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Wound area, closure rate, and adverse events.

MAIN RESULTS:
There were 66 patients provided NPWT in a total of 77 treatment courses. Mean patient age was 62 ± 10 years, 82% were male, and mean diabetes mellitus duration was 14 ± 8 years. Mean HbA1C levels were 8.1% ± 1.7%. Mean treatment course duration was 16 days (range, 2–42 days). Wound area decreased significantly (from 11.3 ± 16.8 cm2 to 8.0 ± 13.3 cm2, P < .0001). Ulcer curing was noted in 7% of the cases, and healing progression was noted in 54%. Seven serious adverse events were recorded.

CONCLUSIONS:
Outpatient NPWT is a relatively safe and effective adjuvant to surgical debridement of neuropathic foot ulcers. In an outpatient setting, one can expect serious adverse events to occur in 10% of cases, but this seems unavoidable in patients with diabetic foot ulcers when taking into account their comorbidities and patient resources. Strict protocols to promote early recognition of complications and appropriate response to minimize deterioration must be implemented.
Association Between the 2011 Fibromyalgia Survey Criteria and Multisite Pain Sensitivity in Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Neville Stephen J. , Clauw Andrew D. , Moser Stephanie E. , Urquhart Andrew G. , Clauw Daniel J. , Brummett Chad M. , Harte Steven E. 
Published: April 2018

Objectives:The present study evaluated the relationship between the 2011 American College of Rheumatology fibromyalgia (FM) survey criteria and quantitative sensory testing (QST).Materials and Methods:Patients with knee osteoarthritis scheduled to undergo knee arthroplasty completed the FM survey criteria and self-report measures assessing clinical symptoms. Patients also underwent a battery of QST procedures at the surgical knee and remote body sites, including pressure algometry, conditioned pain modulation, and temporal summation. All assessments were completed before surgery. FM survey criteria were used to calculate a continuous FM score indicating FM severity.Results:A total of 129 patients were analyzed. Of these, 52.7% were female, 93.8% were Caucasian, and 3.8% met the FM survey criteria for FM classification. Mean age for females (63.6 y) and males (64.7 y) was similar. Females and males differed significantly in nearly every outcome, including FM severity, clinical pain, anxiety, depression, and pressure pain sensitivity. In females, FM scores significantly correlated with pressure pain sensitivity, but not conditioned pain modulation or temporal summation, such that increased sensitivity was associated with greater FM severity at all body sites examined. In addition, as FM scores increased, the association between pain sensitivity at the surgical knee and pain sensitivity at remote body sites also increased. No relationship between FM score and QST was observed in males.Discussion:We demonstrated an association between diffuse hyperalgesia as measured by QST and FM severity in females with knee osteoarthritis. These results suggest that the FM survey criteria may represent a marker of pain centralization in females with potential utility in clinical decision making.
Vertebral Augmentation can Induce Early Signs of Degeneration in the Adjacent Intervertebral Disc
Authors: Feng Zhiyun , Chen Lunhao , Hu Xiaojian , Yang Ge , Chen Zhong , Wang Yue 
Published: April 2018

Study Design.
An experimental study.

Objective.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) augmentation on the adjacent disc.

Summary of Background Data.
Vertebral augmentation with PMMA reportedly may predispose the adjacent vertebra to fracture. The influence of PMMA augmentation on the adjacent disc, however, remains unclear.

Methods.
Using a retroperitoneal approach, PMMA augmentation was performed for 23 rabbits. For each animal, at least one vertebra was augmented with 0.2 to 0.3 mL PMMA. The disc adjacent to the augmented vertebra and a proximal control disc were studied using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, histological and molecular level evaluation at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. Marrow contact channels in the endplate were quantified in histological slices and number of invalid channels (those without erythrocytes inside) was rated. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) was performed to determine disc cell apoptosis.

Results.
On MR images, the signal and height of the adjacent disc did not change 6 months after vertebral augmentation. Histological scores of the adjacent disc increased over time, particularly for the nucleus pulposus. The adjacent disc had greater nucleus degeneration score than the control disc at 3 months (5.7 vs. 4.5, P < 0.01) and 6 months (6.9 vs. 4.4, P < 0.001). There were more invalid marrow contact channels in the endplate of augmented vertebra than the control (43.3% vs. 11.1%, P < 0.01). mRNA of ADAMTS-5, MMP-13, HIF-1α, and caspase-3 were significantly upregulated in the adjacent disc at 3 and 6 months (P < 0.05 for all). In addition, there were more TUNEL-positive cells in the adjacent disc than in the control disc (43.4% vs. 24.0%, P < 0.05) at 6 months postoperatively.

Conclusion.
Vertebral augmentation can induce early degenerative signs in the adjacent disc, which may be due to impaired nutrient supply to the disc.

Level of Evidence: N/A
Designing Minimally Invasive Preocular Contact Tips for Potential Application in Tear Collection
Authors: Lee Seung Ho , Cho Yong Chan , Nam Dong Yeon , Huh Beom Kang , Kim Se-Na , Lee Dong Hoon , Park Chun Gwon , Choy Young Bin 
Published: April 2018

Purpose:
Basal tear fluid has drawn great attention as a medium for many disease markers and, hence, for its potential to be used in self-diagnosis. However, collection of basal tear fluid is difficult because a conventional tear collector, such as a glass capillary tube, may inflict irritation or damage on the sensitive ocular surface. Therefore, we sought to design a tip for contact with the preocular surface [a preocular contact tip (PCT)] that minimizes damage to the ocular surface.

Methods:
We designed the shape of the tip to have rounded boundaries and no sharp edges. We then tested different tip areas, each of which was contacted with the inferior palpebral conjunctiva of rabbit eyes at varying depths to demonstrate their feasibility in vivo. The area of damaged tissue and the time required for tissue recovery were monitored according to the pressure applied through the tips.

Results:
Our findings revealed that a contact area of the PCT greater than 2.36 mm2 caused relatively little damage to the inferior palpebral conjunctival tissue, which could recover within 4 hours after contact at all pressing depths. In contrast, a glass capillary tube caused relatively severe damage, which did not recover for more than 8 hours. The PCT (3.14 mm2) was embedded with a microchannel as a prototype tear collector, which could collect 0.3 μL of tears with minimal tissue damage.

Conclusions:
The PCT proposed in this study can be a promising tool for minimally invasive collection of basal tears from the inferior palpebral conjunctiva.
Selected Children With Complicated Acute Urinary Tract Infection May Be Treated With Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Therapy at Home Directly From the Emergency Department
Authors: Scanlan Barry T. , Ibrahim Laila F. , Hopper Sandy M. , Babl Franz E. , Davidson Andrew , Bryant Penelope A. 
Published: April 2018

Background:
Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy offers the option of treating children requiring intravenous antibiotics for acute urinary tract infection (UTI)/pyelonephritis at home. We aimed to determine the outcomes of treating patients with UTI/pyelonephritis using outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy directly from the emergency department (ED) without admission to hospital.

Methods:
This was a retrospective study (August 2012–July 2016) of children with UTI/pyelonephritis treated with parenteral antibiotics via a peripheral cannula directly from ED to home under a hospital-in-the home (HITH) program. Data collection included demographics, clinical features, length of stay, complications, and readmissions to hospital.

Results:
There were 62 patient episodes of UTI/pyelonephritis transferred directly from ED to HITH. Fifty-eight (94%) had systemic features including fever, vomiting and/or tachycardia. Eighteen (29%) patients had an underlying condition. Nine (15%) received intravenous fluids and 8 (13%) antiemetics in ED. The outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy course was successfully completed in 56 (90%) patients. Of 6 (10%) patients who were readmitted, 2 were discharged within 24 hours, and none were severely unwell. Two (3%) had a blocked cannula, with no antibiotic complications. HITH patients were treated for a combined total of 142 days at home resulting in a cost saving of Australian dollar 108,914 (US dollar 82,775). However, only 8% of children deemed to require a course of intravenous antibiotics were transferred directly home from ED. Compared with patients concurrently admitted to hospital, fewer on HITH were less than 1 year of age (13% vs. 33%; odds ratio: 0.3; P < 0.01).

Conclusions:
Selected patients presenting to ED with UTI/pyelonephritis may be treated directly via HITH, including some with underlying conditions and/or systemic features.
Ophthalmic Pyogenic Granulomas Treated With Topical Timolol—Clinical Features of 17 Cases
Authors: DeMaria Lauren N. , Silverman Nora K. , Shinder Roman 
Published: April 2018

Purpose:
Topical timolol has been increasingly demonstrated to be an effective treatment for pyogenic granulomas (PG). The authors review the treatment outcomes of 17 patients with ocular PG treated with topical timolol.

Methods:
Retrospective interventional study of 17 patients with ocular PGs treated with timolol 0.5% solution. Patient demographics, clinical features, treatment response, and recurrence were noted.

Results:
Nine females and 8 males with a mean age of 23 years (range, 3–67 years) were included. Mean duration of disease prior to treatment was 3.81 months (range, 0.25–11 months). Etiologies included chalazia (12 cases, 71%), postsurgical (4, 24%) and trauma (1, 6%). Five patients (29%) had treatment with topical steroids prior to presentation. Fifteen patients (88%) had PG located on the palpebral conjunctiva and 2 (12%) involving the bulbar conjunctiva. Mean lesion size was 5.06 × 6.06 mm (range, 3–8 × 3–18 mm). Fifteen patients (88%) had complete lesion resolution with a mean treatment duration of 3.07 weeks (range, 2–5 weeks) and no adverse events or recurrences with a mean follow up of 9.47 months (range, 6–27 months). Two patients (12%) underwent lesion excision after 6 weeks of timolol failed to yield resolution.

Conclusion:
Topical timolol appears to be a well-tolerated nonsurgical treatment of ocular PG in both children and adults. Clinicians may wish to consider topical timolol to treat PG as opposed to topical steroids, given the inherent risk of steroid response ocular hypertension and the difficulty to measure intraocular pressure in younger children who require general anesthesia for excision.