bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Effect of Mastication on the Retention and Wear of Locator Attachments in a Flat Mandibular Ridge Model
Authors: Tehini Georges , Baba Nadim Z. , Majzoub Zeina , Nahas Paul , Berberi Antoine , Rifai Khaldoun 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPurposeThe effect of masticatory loads on the retention of overdenture attachments is poorly documented. The aim of this in vitro study is to assess the effect of simulated mastication on the retentive properties and dimensions of Locator inserts.Materials and Methods30 specimens simulating nonanatomic edentulous flat ridges with two implant replicas each were fabricated. Overdenture units were connected to the implants with Locator attachments and 3 types of inserts: transparent (Group T; n = 10 pairs), pink (Group P; n = 10 pairs), and blue (Group B; n = 10 pairs). The overdenture units were subjected to simulated bi‐axial masticatory loads of 68.6 N. Locator retention was assessed using axial dislodging forces at baseline (T0) and following 100,000 (T1) and 200,000 (T2) masticatory cycles. The inner diameter of the insert (XY) and the diameter of the central core (AB) were measured under stereomicroscope at T0 and T2. Retention changes and dimensional variations of the inserts were statistically analyzed.ResultsThe 3 groups showed significantly different retentions with the highest values recorded for group T followed by group P, and finally group B at T0, T1, and T2. Groups T and P were not affected by loading while group B showed a significant mean retention loss from T0 to T1. XY and AB were significantly different between the 3 color‐coded inserts at baseline and at T2. No correlation could be established between retention changes and dimensional variations of the 3 types of inserts.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this in vitro study, simulated mastication seems to significantly affect the extra‐light blue Locator inserts but not the more‐retentive ones. The transparent and pink inserts may require less frequent replacements and could therefore be recommended under clinical conditions.
Cheering Enhances Inter‐Brain Synchronization Between Sensorimotor Areas of Player and Observer
Authors: Koide Tadayoshi , Shimada Sotaro 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCheering for another person is a common experience. Cheering may facilitate the cheerer's subjective unity with the cheered‐for person, potentially involving synchronized activity between the two individuals’ brains. In the current study, we measured the sensorimotor cortical activity of a player and an observer simultaneously during a competitive game, using functional near‐infrared spectroscopy. The player performed the rock‐paper‐scissors game against an experimenter while the observer either cheered for that player (cheering group) or judged whether the player cheated or not (control group). In the cheering group, observers reported a significantly stronger sense of unity with the player, and exhibited greater sensorimotor activation when observing the player win, compared with the control group. The functional connectivity between the sensorimotor areas of the player and observer was significantly greater in the cheering group, exhibiting a significant correlation with the subjective sense of unity between the player and observer. These results suggest that cheering enhances the synchronization of the player's and the observer's internal states, establishing a sense of unity.
The Representation of Imagery of the City: The Impact of Studies and Imagery Ability
Authors: Campos Alfredo , Campos‐Juanatey Diego 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis study aimed to assess the impact of the type of undergraduate studies and the ability to form mental images on representations of city imagery. A total of 291 Architecture and Business Studies undergraduates participated in the study. Participants completed a 5‐min task of drawing their own mental map of a city. The number of point marks, line marks, and area marks drawn and the system of representation were assessed. Business Studies undergraduates represented more point marks using a point than Architecture undergraduates, whereas the latter drew more point marks in plan and in 3D than the former. The ability to form spatial images had no influence on the number of point, line, or area marks drawn. Significant differences between women and men were observed in the 3D representations, and in the configuration.
Transplanting organs from hepatitis B positive donors: Is it safe? Is it ethical?
Authors: Anwar Nadeem , Sherman Kenneth E. 
Published: July 2018

SummaryLiver transplant centres throughout the USA face a huge shortage of liver organs for their wait‐listed patients. Various types of innovations are being considered for expansion of this donor pool. Organs that were previously deemed to be high risk are now being considered for transplantation. For the last 25 years, hepatitis B core antibody (anti‐HBc+) organs have been used for liver transplantation. While the initial transplantations did reveal a high incidence of de novo hepatitis (DNH) in the recipients, the medical knowledge and experience have evolved and this risk has been markedly decreased. In this paper, medical literature evaluating the safety of such organ transplants has been reviewed. There is strong evidence to suggest that using anti‐HBc+ organs with appropriate prophylaxis after transplant is a safe practice with good patient and graft survivals. In the second half of the paper, we discuss whether it is ethical to use anti‐HBc+ organs. We argue that the use of such organs is in compliance with the principles of medical ethics and that society at large benefits from the use of these organs. Hence, we recommend that the use of such organs is both safe and ethical and this practice should be continued in the future.
UBE2L3, a susceptibility gene that plays oncogenic role in hepatitis B‐related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Liu Yao , Song Ci , Ni Hengli , Jiao Weijuan , Gan Wenjuan , Dong Xiaoqiang , Liu Jibin , Zhu Liguo , Zhai Xiangjun , Hu Zhibin , Li Jianming 
Published: July 2018

SummaryPreviously, we identified UBE2L3 as a susceptibility gene for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection through genome‐wide association study. Here, we analysed the association between genetic variants of UBE2L3 and the susceptibility to HBV‐related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and further explored its role in HCC. This case‐control study included 1344 subjects who cleared HBV, 1560 HBV carriers and 1057 HBV‐related HCC patients. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped, including rs2266959 and rs4821116. Logistic regression analysis was performed to compute the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). We further analysed the expression of UBE2L3 and its association with pathological features based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data and our tissue microarray. Proliferation and migration assays were performed in hepatoma cell lines with or without UBE2L3 knockdown. Further RNA‐seq analysis was performed to explore the underlying oncogenic mechanism. The variant genotypes of rs4821116 in UBE2L3 were associated with decreased risk for HCC and chronic HBV infection. Moreover, based on both TCGA and our tissue microarray data, higher levels of UBE2L3 expression were correlated with higher tumour grade, advanced tumour stage and poor survival. In vitro analysis revealed that UBE2L3 may promote hepatocyte proliferation and migration. RNA‐seq analysis showed that UBE2L3 was inversely correlated with CDKN2B, a negative regulator of cell cycle, and CLDN1, loss of which may promote cancer metastasis. In conclusion, UBE2L3 may also be a susceptibility gene in HBV‐related HCC, and it may promote HCC proliferation and migration by negatively regulating CDKN2B and CLDN1.
Acute echocardiographic effects of sotalol on ventricular systolic function in dogs with ventricular arrhythmias
Authors: Visser Lance C. , Kaplan Joanna L. , Nishimura Satoko , Gunther‐Harrington Catherine T. , Bélanger Catherine , Oldach Maureen S. , Stern Joshua A. , Mueller Mikaela S. 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundSotalol is a commonly used antiarrhythmic drug that may alter ventricular function.ObjectiveTo determine the effect of sotalol on echocardiographic indices of ventricular systolic function in dogs with ventricular arrhythmias.AnimalsThirty‐five client‐owned dogs with ventricular arrhythmias.MethodsDogs with ventricular arrhythmias (n = 27) had an echocardiogram and 5‐minute ECG performed at baseline and 2‐4 hours post‐sotalol (2‐2.5 mg/kg PO once). Eight additional dogs underwent the same protocol but did not receive sotalol (within‐day variability controls). Left ventricular (LV) internal dimension at end‐systole normalized to bodyweight (LVIDs_N), LV ejection fraction (LV EF), LV shortening area, LV fractional shortening, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), and right ventricular systolic myocardial velocity were evaluated as indices of systolic function.ResultsAll indices except TAPSE had mild decreases in systolic function post‐sotalol (allP ≤ .0007) compared with baseline but only the percent change in LVIDs_N and LV EF were significantly (P ≤ .0079) different from the percent change of the same indices in control dogs. Sinus heart rate, ventricular premature complexes/5‐minutes, and arrhythmia grade also were decreased post‐sotalol (allP ≤ .01) compared with baseline when assessed by a 5‐minutes ECG. No dog experienced an adverse event post‐sotalol, including dogs with systolic dysfunction or atrial enlargement.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceA single dose of sotalol may cause a mild decrease in LV systolic function in dogs with ventricular arrhythmias. Sotalol appears to be well tolerated, even in dogs with atrial enlargement or systolic dysfunction.
The Binds of Global Health Partnership: Working out Working Together in Sierra Leone
Authors: Herrick Clare , Brooks Andrew 
Published: July 2018

AbstractGlobal health partnerships (GHPs) are the conceptual cousin of partnerships in the development sphere. Since their emergence in the 1990s, the GHP mode of working and funding has mainly been applied to single‐disease, vertical interventions. However, GHPs are increasingly being used to enact Health Systems Strengthening and to address the global health worker shortage. In contrast to other critical explorations of GHPs, we explore in this article how the fact, act, and aspiration of binding different actors together around the ideology and modes of partnership working produces the perpetual state of being in a bind. This is an original analytical framework drawing on research in Sierra Leone and London. We offer new insights into the ways in which GHPs function and are experienced, showing that along with the successes of partnership work, such arrangements are often and unavoidably tense, uncomfortable, and a source of frustration and angst.
Peacemaking at the Workplace: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zhang Xiaolei , Bollen Katalien , Pei Rong , Euwema Martin C. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractResearch on third party interventions in conflict has mostly focused on formal interventions by professional mediators or supervisors. Studies on informal and voluntary third party interventions by peers or someone else in a nonhierarchical position are very limited. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate empirical studies on peacemaking to (a) define the concept; (b) search for scales that measure peacemaking; (c) and identify outcomes of peacemaking. In total, our search led to 713 unique hits of which 12 were retained based on the predefined selection criteria. Based on the findings from the reviewed articles, we propose a definition of peacemaking and identify four components of peacemaking: relational, procedural, emotional, and content help. This study contributes to the current conflict management literature by focusing on informal and voluntary helping behavior in the context of conflicts (instead of formal interventions), while linking the literature on organizational citizenship behavior and research on third party interventions in the context of conflict. In practice, peacemakers play a crucial role in solving conflicts constructively and contribute as such to both individual and team functioning.
Effect of steroid pulse therapy on post‐transplant immunoglobulin A nephropathy
Authors: Matsukuma Yuta , Masutani Kosuke , Tsuchimoto Akihiro , Okabe Yasuhiro , Nakamura Masafumi , Kitazono Takanari , Tsuruya Kazuhiko 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTAimRecent studies have suggested that patients with post‐transplant immunoglobulin A nephropathy have poor graft survival. There is limited research on the therapeutic effectiveness for post‐transplant immunoglobulin A nephropathy, especially steroid pulse therapy. The present study evaluated the efficacy of steroid pulse therapy on post‐transplant immunoglobulin A nephropathy.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed patients diagnosed with de novo or recurrent immunoglobulin A nephropathy at Kyushu University Hospital between January 2013 and August 2015. Patients with moderate proteinuria (≥0.5 g/g creatinine) and/or cellular or fibrocellular crescents on a graft biopsy were treated with steroid pulse therapy. Steroid pulse therapy was 500 mg/day for 3 days in weeks 1 and 2, followed by 20 mg of oral prednisolone that was tapered after 6 months. Patients were followed for 2 years, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate, urinary findings, and adverse events were recorded.ResultsSeven patients received steroid pulse therapy. The mean duration after kidney transplantation was 6.6 ± 4.7 years. After 2 years of treatment, 85.7% of patients reached complete remission of proteinuria, urinary protein excretion declined (0.82 ± 0.51 to 0.26 ± 0.22 g/g creatinine, P = 0.007), and the estimated glomerular filtration rate was maintained (48.7 ± 12.8 to 47.4 ± 14.0 mL/min per 1.73 m2, P = 0.98). Adverse events were observed in one patient who developed herpes zoster infection.ConclusionSteroid pulse therapy for post‐transplant immunoglobulin A nephropathy effectively reduces proteinuria over 2 years. However, comparison of steroid pulse therapy and other regimens with a high‐quality design is required.
Impact of primary diabetic nephropathy on arteriolar hyalinosis lesions in patients following kidney transplantation
Authors: Yamakawa Takafumi , Kobayashi Akimitsu , Yamamoto Izumi , Kawaguchi Takehiko , Imasawa Toshiyuki , Aoyama Hiromichi , Akutsu Naotake , Maruyama Michihiro , Saigo Kenichi , Yokoo Takashi , Kitamura Hiroshi 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTAimArteriolar hyalinosis (AH) is a common lesion in allograft biopsies taken following kidney transplantation. Recent studies have shown that severe AH may predict transplant outcomes and provide information about previous exposure to certain drugs, such as calcineurin inhibitors (CNI). However, the incidence of AH as a direct result of diabetic nephropathy (DN) after kidney transplantation has not been fully evaluated. This study aimed to assess the impact of primary DN on the development of AH lesions in patients who underwent kidney transplantation.MethodsEighty‐three patients who underwent living‐donor kidney transplantation between April 2005 and June 2015 were enrolled in this study. A total of 33 patients had DN prior to transplantation. Allograft biopsies were scored according to the Banff classification, and the relationship between the individual histological lesions and clinical baseline data was assessed.ResultsAt early biopsy (3–12 months), there were no differences in the rates of AH lesions between the DN group and the non‐DN group (ah ≥ 1: 37% vs. 41.3%, P = 0.719; aah ≥ 1: 14.8% vs. 6.5%; P = 0.453). However, there were significant differences between the groups in biopsies taken more than 3 years after the transplant (ah ≥ 2: 83.3% vs. 36.8%, P = 0.013; aah ≥ 2: 66.7% vs. 21.1%, P = 0.011). Multivariable analysis showed that both the length of time after transplantation and the presence of DN were independent risk factors for ah ≥ 2 (odds ratio [OR]: 2.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.47–19.54, P = 0.011) and aah ≥ 2 (OR: 7.55, 95% CI: 1.49–38.33, P = 0.015).ConclusionThis is the first report showing that the presence of primary DN disease contributes to the development of severe AH late in the course after kidney allografts.
Antibody‐mediated rejection due to anti‐HLA‐DQ antibody after pregnancy and delivery in a female kidney transplant recipient
Authors: Sagasaki Makoto , Nakada Yasuyuki , Yamamoto Izumi , Kawabe Mayuko , Yamakawa Takafumi , Katsumata Haruki , Mafune Aki , Katsuma Ai , Kobayashi Akimitsu , Koike Kentaro , Koike Yusuke , Miki Jun , Yamada Hiroki , Kimura Takahiro , Tanno Yudo , Ohkido Ichiro , Tsuboi Nobuo , Yamamoto Hiroyasu , Yokoo Takashi 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTHerein, we report a case of antibody‐mediated rejection (ABMR) due to anti‐HLA‐DQ antibody after pregnancy and delivery in a female kidney transplant recipient. A 34‐year‐old female recipient was admitted at 2 years after delivery for an examination of an elevated serum creatinine (S‐Cr) level. The patient had received a living kidney transplantation from her mother at 22 years of age, and her kidney graft function was almost stable. The episode biopsy showed peritubular capillaritis and transplant capillaropathy with C4d immunoreactivity in the peritubular capillaries. Additional examination revealed expression of a donor‐specific antibody (DSA) against HLA‐DQ5, leading to the diagnosis of chronic active ABMR. Intravenous immunoglobulin, plasma exchange, and rituximab were administered, and her S‐Cr level was maintained stable. This case demonstrates a possible relationship between pregnancy/delivery and development of ABMR due to a de novo DSA in a female kidney transplant recipient.
Cell mediated rejection revisited: Past, current, and future directions
Authors: Hara Shigeo 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTThe Banff histopathology classification system is the gold standard for assessing the causes of kidney allograft dysfunction triggered by antibody‐mediated and T‐cell‐mediated immune reactions, thereby providing mechanistic insight and guiding therapeutic decisions. The original Banff classification (1993) consisted of four histological categories representing cell‐mediated rejection: interstitial inflammation (i), tubulitis (t), endoarteritis (v), and transplant glomerulitis (g). The revised Banff 2007 classification added total inflammation score (ti) from both scarred and unscarred areas based on evolving interpretations of interstitial infiltrates. Further reappraisal of cell‐mediated interstitial inflammation led to the introduction of a new inflammation score specific for areas of interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy, termed i‐IF/TA, in the Banff 2015 scheme, establishment of a new Banff working group on T‐cell‐mediated rejection (TCMR), and revised criteria of chronic active TCMR in Banff 2017 classification. These Banff scheme updates reflect the general recognition that chronic interstitial inflammation is a common denominator of poor kidney allograft outcome. However, revised theories on the pathogenic importance of interstitial infiltrates have created difficulties in interpretation of chronic tubulointerstitial inflammation, as there are currently no histological criteria to discriminate immune‐mediated tissue injury from ‘non‐specific’ injury. Evolving theories on vascular lesions, both active and chronic, have also complicated histological assessment by obscuring the distinction between antibody‐mediated and T‐cell‐mediated tissue injury. This review provides an overview of recent ideas on interstitial inflammation and vascular lesions based on emerging concepts of T‐cell‐mediated rejection.
Genetic analysis: Wnt and other pathways in nonsyndromic tooth agenesis
Authors: Yu Miao , Wong Sing‐Wai , Han Dong , Cai Tao 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTooth agenesis (TA) is one of the most common developmental anomalies that affects the number of teeth. An extensive analysis of publicly accessible databases revealed 15 causative genes responsible for nonsyndromic TA, along with their signaling pathways in Wnt/β‐catenin, TGF‐β/BMP, and Eda/Edar/NF‐κB. However, genotype–phenotype correlation analysis showed that most of the causal genes are also responsible for syndromic TA or other conditions. In a total of 198 different mutations of the 15 genes responsible for nonsyndromic TA, 182 mutations (91.9%) are derived from seven genes (AXIN2, EDA, LRP6, MSX1, PAX9, WNT10A, and WNT10B) compared with the remaining 16 mutations (8.1%) identified in the remaining eight genes (BMP4, DKK1, EDAR, EDARADD, GREM2, KREMEN1, LTBP3, and SMOC2). Furthermore, specificity analysis in terms of the ratio of nonsyndromic TA mutations versus syndromic mutations in each of the aforementioned seven genes showed a 98.2% specificity rate in PAX9, 58.9% in WNT10A, 56.6% in MSX1, 41.2% in WNT10B, 31.4% in LRP6, 23.8% in AXIN2%, and 8.4% in EDA. These findings underscore an important role of the Wnt and Wnt‐associated pathways in the genetic etiology of this heterozygous disease and shed new lights on the discovery of novel molecular mechanisms associated with tooth agenesis.
Cariogenic microbiome and microbiota of the early primary dentition: A contemporary overview
Authors: Fakhruddin Kausar Sadia , Ngo Hien Chi , Samaranayake Lakshman Perera 
Published: July 2018

AbstractRecent advances in the field of molecular microbiology provide an unprecedented opportunity to decipher the vast diversity of the oral microbiome in health and disease. Here, we provide a contemporary overview of the oral microbiome and the microbiota of early childhood caries (ECC) with particular reference to newer analytical techniques. A MEDLINE search revealed a total of 20 metagenomic studies describing cariogenic microbiomes of ECC, 10 of which also detailed the healthy microbiomes. In addition, seven studies on site‐specific microbiomes, focusing on acidogenic and aciduric microbiota of deep‐dentinal lesions, were also reviewed. These studies evaluated plaque and saliva of children aged 1.5–11 years, in cohorts of 12–485 individuals. These studies reveal a very rich and diverse microbial communities, with hundreds of different phylotypes and microbial species, including novel species and phyla such as Scardovia wiggsiae, Slackia exigua, Granulicatella elegans, Firmicutes in the plaque biofilms of children with ECC. On the contrary, bacteria such as Streptococcus cristatus, S. gordonii, S. sanguinis, Corynebacterium matruchotii, and Neisseria flavescens were common in plaque biofilm of noncarious, healthy, tooth surfaces in subjects with caries. The review illustrates the immense complexity and the diversity of the human oral microbiota of the cariogenic plaque microbiome in ECC, and the daunting prospect of its demystification.