bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Principals’ emotional support and teachers’ emotional reframing: The mediating role of principals’ supportive communication strategies
Authors: Berkovich Izhak , Eyal Ori 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to achieve a deeper understanding of emotional support in principal–teacher relations. The study aims to shed light on the role of principals’ supportive communication strategies in providing emotional support to teachers, and on the proximal affective outcome of such support. The study used quantitative data obtained from 190 schoolteachers to explore the effect of principals’ emotional support on teachers’ emotional reframing through principals’ supportive communication strategies (empathic listening and empowering and normalizing messages). The analysis indicated an indirect effect of principals’ emotional support on teachers’ emotional reframing through principals’ supportive communication strategies. The results and their implications are discussed.
Unveiling Human Cardiac Fibroblast Membrane Proteome
Authors: Sebastião Maria João , Pereira Rute , Serra Margarida , Gomes‐Alves Patrícia , Alves Paula Marques 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCardiac fibroblasts (CFs) are one of the main cell populations in the heart and play important roles in tissue homeostasis and myocardial fibrosis. The study of these cells has been hampered by the lack of reliable membrane markers: none of the antigens currently used for characterization and isolation of CFs is unique for this cell type. This issue has also raised doubts regarding a distinct identity of cardiac fibroblasts when compared to other myocardium cell populations with similar morphologies. In this work, we report a comprehensive description and functional analysis of human CFs (hCFs) membraneenriched fraction proteome by advanced mass spectrometry–based proteomic tools. A total number of 1478 proteins were identified, including 774 membrane proteins (52%). We also report the identification of a subset of 30 membrane proteins that in this workflow were only identified in hCFs by comparison with the membrane‐enriched proteome lists of human cardiac stem cells, human mesenchymal stem cells, and human dermal fibroblasts. The data reported in this work are a valuable source of information for further studies aiming at defining a membrane molecular signature of human cardiac fibroblasts (hCFs), and a step forward in research regarding membrane proteins with key roles in hCF function in homeostasis and disease.
Optomechanically Assisted Assembly of Surface‐Functionalized Zeolite‐L‐Based Hybrid Soft Matter
Authors: Barroso Álvaro , Buscher Tim , Ahlers Katrin , Studer Armido , Denz Cornelia 
Published: April 2018

AbstractNanoporous particles are particularly interesting for the assembly of functional nano‐ and microsystems because they provide hierarchical supramolecular organization of a large variety of guest molecules. In this work, arbitrary nanoarchitectures consisting of nanoporous zeolite‐L crystals are assembled by combining holographic optical tweezers (HOT) with polymer brush functionalized particles to overcome the limitations of 1D and restricted self‐assembly of zeolite‐L crystals. Readily prepared and functionalized polymer shells allow for controlled, instant, and highly efficient particle–particle and particle–surface adhesion without the need for an external trigger. In contrast to earlier studies, these assemblies remain permanently stable after release out of the HOT system. This novel strategy can be used to fabricate either motile units or locally grounded 1D, 2D, and 3D microconstructions, which can be further utilized as microtools in microfluidic and nanophotonic applications.
Lung ultrasound compared to chest X‐ray for diagnosis of pediatric pneumonia: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Balk Daniel S. , Lee Christine , Schafer Jesse , Welwarth Jeremy , Hardin John , Novack Victor , Yarza Shaked , Hoffmann Beatrice 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectiveAlthough a clinical diagnosis, the standard initial imaging modality for patients with concern for pediatric community acquired pneumonia (pCAP) is a chest x‐ray (CXR), which has a relatively high false negative rate, exposes patients to ionizing radiation, and may not be available in resource limited settings. The primary objective of this meta‐analysis is to evaluate the accuracy of lung ultrasound (LUS) compared to CXR for the diagnosis of pCAP.MethodsData were collected via a systematic review of PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science with dates up to August 2017. Keywords and search terms were generated for pneumonia, lung ultrasound, and pediatric population. Two independent investigators screened abstracts for inclusion. PRISMA was used for selecting appropriate studies. QUADAS was applied to these studies to assess quality for inclusion into the meta‐analysis. We collected data from included studies and calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive values of CXR and LUS for the diagnosis of pCAP.ResultsTwelve studies including 1510 patients were selected for data extraction. LUS had a sensitivity of 95.5% (93.6‐97.1) and specificity of 95.3% (91.1‐98.3). CXR had a sensitivity of 86.8% (83.3‐90.0) and specificity of 98.2% (95.7‐99.6). Variations between the studies included ultrasound findings diagnostic of pneumonia, study setting (inpatient vs emergency department) and inclusion of CXR in the reference standard for pneumonia.ConclusionsIn our meta‐analysis, lung ultrasound had significantly better sensitivity with similar specificity when compared to chest x‐ray for the diagnosis of pediatric community acquired pneumonia.
Gaussia princeps luciferase: a bioluminescent substrate for oxidative protein folding
Authors: Yu Tiantian , Laird Joanna R. , Prescher Jennifer A. , Thorpe Colin 
Published: April 2018

AbstractGaussia princeps luciferase (GLuc) generates an intense burst of blue light when exposed to coelenterazine in the absence of ATP. Here we show that this 5‐disulfide containing enzyme can be used as a facile and convenient substrate for studies of oxidative protein folding. Reduced GLuc (rGLuc), with 10 free cysteine residues, is completely inactive as a luciferase but >60% bioluminescence activity, compared to controls, can be recovered using a range of oxidizing regimens in the absence of the exogenous shuffling activity of protein disulfide isomerase (PDI). The sulfhydryl oxidase QSOX1 can be assayed using rGLuc in a simple bioluminescence plate reader format. Similarly, low concentrations of rGLuc can be oxidized by millimolar levels of dehydroascorbate, hydrogen peroxide or much lower concentrations of sodium tetrathionate. The oxidative refolding of rGLuc in the presence of a range of glutathione redox buffers is only marginally accelerated by micromolar levels of PDI. This modest rate enhancement probably results from a relatively simple disulfide connectivity in native GLuc; reflecting two homologous domains each carrying two disulfide bonds with a single interdomain disulfide. When GLuc is reoxidized under denaturing conditions the resulting scrambled protein (sGLuc) can be used in a sensitive bioluminescence assay for reduced PDI in the absence of added exogenous thiols. Finally, the general facility by which rGLuc can recover bioluminescent activity in vitro provides a sensitive method for the assessment of inhibitors of oxidative protein folding.
Mimicking a p53‐MDM2 interaction based on a stable immunoglobulin‐like domain scaffold
Authors: Jimenez‐Sandoval Pedro , Madrigal‐Carrillo Ezequiel A. , Santamaría‐Suárez Hugo A. , Maturana Daniel , Rentería‐González Itzel , Benitez‐Cardoza Claudia G. , Torres‐Larios Alfredo , Brieba Luis G. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAntibodies recognize protein targets with great affinity and specificity. However, posttranslational modifications and the presence of intrinsic disulfide‐bonds pose difficulties for their industrial use. The immunoglobulin fold is one of the most ubiquitous folds in nature and it is found in many proteins besides antibodies. An example of a protein family with an immunoglobulin‐like fold is the Cysteine Protease Inhibitors (ICP) family I42 of the MEROPs database for protease and protease inhibitors. Members of this protein family are thermostable and do not present internal disulfide bonds. Crystal structures of several ICPs indicate that they resemble the Ig‐like domain of the human T cell co‐receptor CD8α As ICPs present 2 flexible recognition loops that vary accordingly to their targeted protease, we hypothesize that members of this protein family would be ideal to design peptide aptamers that mimic protein‐protein interactions. Herein, we use an ICP variant from Entamoeba histolytica (EhICP1) to mimic the interaction between p53 and MDM2. We found that a 13 amino‐acid peptide derived from p53 can be introduced in 2 variable loops (DE, FG) but not the third (BC). Chimeric EhICP1‐p53 form a stable complex with MDM2 at a micromolar range. Crystal structure of the EhICP1‐p53(FG)‐loop variant in complex with MDM2 reveals a swapping subdomain between 2 chimeric molecules, however, the p53 peptide interacts with MDM2 as in previous crystal structures. The structural details of the EhICP1‐p53(FG) interaction with MDM2 resemble the interaction between an antibody and MDM2.
Review and perspectives on the applications of mass spectrometry imaging under ambient conditions
Authors: Perez Consuelo J. , Bagga Aafreen K. , Prova Shamina S. , Yousefi Taemeh Maryam , Ifa Demian R. 
Published: April 2018

Ambient mass spectrometry (AMS)‐based techniques are performed under ambient conditions in which the ionization and desorption occur in the open environment allowing the direct analysis of molecules with minimal or no sample preparation. A selected group of AMS techniques demonstrate imaging capabilities that can provide information about the localization of molecules on complex sample surfaces such as biological tissues. 2D, 3D, and multimodal imaging have unlocked an array of applications to systematically address complex problems in many areas of research such as drug monitoring, natural products, forensics, and cancer diagnostics. In the present review, we summarize recent advances in the field with respect to the implementation of new ambient ionization techniques and current applications in the last 5 years. In more detail, we mainly focus on imaging applications in topics related to animal whole bodies and tissues, single cells, cancer diagnostics and biomarkers, microbial cultures and co‐cultures, plant and natural product metabolomics, and forensic applications. Finally, we discuss new areas of research, future perspectives, and the overall direction that the field may take in the years to come.
Spatial and trophic preferences of jumbo squid Dosidicus gigas (D'Orbigny, 1835) in the central Gulf of California: ecological inferences using stable isotopes
Authors: Trasviña‐Carrillo L.D. , Hernández‐Herrera A. , Torres‐Rojas Y.E. , Galván‐Magaña F. , Sánchez‐González A. , Aguíñiga‐García S. 
Published: April 2018

RationaleThe jumbo squid Dosidicus gigas is a fishery resource of considerable economic and ecological importance in the Mexican Pacific. Studies on its habitat preferences are needed to understand recent fluctuations in the abundance and availability of the species. Stable isotope analysis allows us to infer ecological aspects such as spatial distribution and trophic preferences.MethodsWe used an isotope ratio mass spectrometer, automated for carbonate analysis, and coupled to an elemental analyzer, to determine the isotopic composition of statoliths (δ18O and δ13C values) and beaks (δ13C and δ15N values) from 219 individuals caught over two fishing seasons (2007 and 2009) off the coast of Santa Rosalía, in the central Gulf of California. We used these isotopic ratios to assess variation in spatial and trophic preferences by sex, size, and fishing season.ResultsIn the 2009 group, we observed significant differences in statolith δ13C values and beak δ13C and δ15N values between males and females. Between size groups, we observed significant differences in statolith δ18O and δ13C values in 2007 and in beak δ13C and δ15N values during both seasons. Both seasons were characterized by high overlap in δ18O and δ13C values between sexes and in 2009 between size groups. We observed low trophic overlap between sexes in 2009 and between size groups during both seasons.ConclusionsThe isotopic ratios from statoliths and beaks indicate that D. gigas has changed its spatial and trophic preferences, a shift that is probably related to changes in the species' diet. This intraspecific variation in preferences could be related to characteristics such as size, which may influence squid distribution preferences.
Marriage between credit cards and the Internet: Buying is just a click away!
Authors: Basnet Hem C. , Donou‐Adonsou Ficawoyi 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis paper examines whether Internet access positively affects credit card balances. To that end, we compare the 2010 and 2013 Surveys of Consumer Finances, analyze the consistency of the results over time, and provide the rationale for any resulting differences. Using the censored techniques, our results indicate that Internet access has a positive effect on credit card balances, which suggests that consumers with Internet access are prone to higher balances compared to those without. The probability of carrying positive balances was larger in 2010 compared to 2013. Overall, the results suggest that, while the financial crisis might have contributed to higher balances in 2010, the economic recovery afterward seems to have eased the burden of credit card debt.
RNA epitranscriptomics: Regulation of infection of RNA and DNA viruses by N6‐methyladenosine (m6A)
Authors: Tan Brandon , Gao Shou‐Jiang 
Published: April 2018

SummaryN6‐methyladenosine (m6A) was discovered 4 decades ago. However, the functions of m6A and the cellular machinery that regulates its changes have just been revealed in the last few years. m6A is an abundant internal mRNA modification on cellular RNA and is implicated in diverse cellular functions. Recent works have demonstrated the presence of m6A in the genomes of RNA viruses and transcripts of a DNA virus with either a proviral or antiviral role. Here, we first summarize what is known about the m6A “writers,” “erasers,” “readers,” and “antireaders” as well as the role of m6A in mRNA metabolism. We then review how the replications of numerous viruses are enhanced and restricted by m6A with emphasis on the oncogenic DNA virus, Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpesvirus (KSHV), whose m6A epitranscriptome was recently mapped. In the context of KSHV, m6A and the reader protein YTHDF2 acts as an antiviral mechanism during viral lytic replication. During viral latency, KSHV alters m6A on genes that are implicated in cellular transformation and viral latency. Lastly, we discuss future studies that are important to further delineate the functions of m6A in KSHV latent and lytic replication and KSHV‐induced oncogenesis.
New criteria for stochastic suppression and stabilization of hybrid functional differential systems
Authors: Zhu Song , Shi Peng , Lim Cheng‐Chew 
Published: April 2018

SummaryThis paper establishes new criteria for stochastic suppression and stabilization of hybrid functional differential systems with general 1‐sided polynomial growth condition. For an unstable nonlinear hybrid functional differential system with general 1‐sided polynomial growth condition, 2 independent Brownian noise processes are used to perturb the system into the stochastic hybrid differential system. Theoretical analysis shows that one of the nonlinear diffusion terms may suppress the explosive solution of deterministic system, and the other one can make the perturbed hybrid system almost surely stable with general decay rate.
Energy and cost‐aware virtual machine consolidation in cloud computing
Authors: Yousefipour Amin , Rahmani Amir Masoud , Jahanshahi Mohsen 
Published: April 2018

SummaryCloud computing has become an essential part of the computational world, offering a variety of server capabilities as scalable virtualized services. Big data centers that deliver cloud computing services contain thousands of computational nodes that consume a significant amount of energy. By introducing the virtual machine (VM), virtualization technology is trying to overcome this problem. One impressive technique for minimizing the total number of active physical servers that lead to improved energy consumption is VM consolidation. To optimize the consolidation process, effective VM placement can be used. In this paper, we first present a mathematical model aimed at reducing power consumption and costs by employing an effective VM consolidation in the cloud data center. Subsequently, we propose a genetic algorithm–based meta‐heuristic algorithm, namely, energy and cost‐aware VM consolidation for resolving the problem. Finally, we compare our proposed model with the well‐known first fit, first fit decreasing, and permutation pack algorithms. The experimental results show that our proposed model reduced power consumption and costs when compared with the three demonstrated algorithms.
Advancing catalytic fast pyrolysis through integrated multiscale modeling and experimentation: Challenges, progress, and perspectives
Authors: Ciesielski Peter N. , Pecha M. Brennan , Bharadwaj Vivek S. , Mukarakate Calvin , Leong G. Jeremy , Kappes Branden , Crowley Michael F. , Kim Seonah , Foust Thomas D. , Nimlos Mark R. 
Published: April 2018

Catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) is a conversion process that integrates rapid thermochemical depolymerization of solid feedstocks with catalytic transformation to yield small molecules for fuel and chemical products. This process is well‐suited for the conversion of nonfossil feedstocks such as biomass and waste plastics, and thereby holds great potential for the production of renewable commodities. In spite of many technological developments in various aspects of CFP achieved over decades of research, this technology has yet to attain commercial success for the production of fuels and chemicals from renewable feedstocks. Effective CFP processes require careful coordination of chemical and physical phenomena that span very large length and time scales. A broad spectrum of scientific progress in both pyrolysis and catalytic upgrading has provided the foundation for successful deployment of CFP, although additional progress in process‐scale integration is yet required for commercial realization. Modeling and simulation tools provide an important framework wherein the CFP technologies by be better understood and evaluated from a holistic perspective. Here we provide a detailed description of the multiscale phenomena underlying CFP, describe challenges and associated technical progress, and suggest strategies for an integrated approach to advance this technology toward commercialization.This article is categorized under:

Bioenergy > Systems and Infrastructure
Bioenergy > Science and Materials
Pulsatile flow measurements and wall stress distribution in a patient specific abdominal aortic aneurysm phantom
Authors: Ahamed T. , Peattie R. A. , Dorfmann L. , Cherry Kemmerling E. M. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn this study, we develop a physiologic internal pressure and wall stress analysis procedure and apply it to a patient‐specific abdominal aortic aneurysm model. Time‐dependent pressure loading of the inner vessel wall was experimentally measured in a 3D printed aneurysm phantom. The results were used as boundary conditions for finite element calculations of von Mises stresses throughout the AAA model over the cardiac cycle. A nonlinear hyperelastic constitutive law with parameters based on biaxial stress‐deformation data from aneurysmal tissue samples was used to describe the mechanical behavior of the aneurysm wall. The internal pressure was found to be fairly spatially uniform (within 10%) over most of the cardiac cycle, but average internal pressure varied by more than a factor of two between systole and diastole. The aneurysm wall stress was highly spatially nonuniform. The highest value of von Mises stress was localized in a small area within the aneurysm bulge and remained in the same place throughout the cardiac cycle, suggesting that this area was the most likely point of rupture. Large variations in wall stress over the cardiac cycle suggest calculations that assume steady flow are a poor approximation for physiological stresses.
Microeconomic Benefit of Corneal Transplantation in a Developing Country via Public–Private Partnership Model
Authors: Jindal Rahul M. , Waller Stephen G. , Sugrim Shailendra , Pasternak Jan , Pasternak Joseph 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundWe measured the microeconomic benefit, QOL, DALYs averted and clinical outcomes of corneal transplant surgery via a public–private partnership in Guyana. Corneas were obtained, ex gratia, from US eye banks, and the work was done at no cost to the patient or the Governments of USA or Guyana.MethodsWe obtained qualitative data using a “semi‐structured interview technique” to question 60 recent recipients of corneal transplants in Guyana. Our questions covered schooling in children, training for job, and type and income of job, both before and after surgery. We also discussed improvement in family income and quality of life (QOL) using a Likert scale of 1 lowest to 5 highest.ResultsOur data came from five humanitarian missions from July 2014 to July 2017. All school‐going children (n = 6) were able to return to school and participate in educational activities. Young adults (n = 13), were able to acquire new jobs (50%) or training positions (50%) with higher income. Patients in the middle‐age adult group (n = 20) re‐acquired their employment positions (25%) or found new work (75%). Elderly patients (n = 21) after transplant were able to perform odd jobs to increase the family income. A consistent theme across all age groups was a dramatic improvement in the QOL. Two hundred and sixty DALYs (4.3 per patient) were averted. In this cohort of 62 surgery cases, mean preoperative visual acuity was 0.03 and postoperative mean visual acuity was 0.20.ConclusionsWe have shown microeconomic benefits and improved QOL of corneal transplantation in a low‐income country.
Ionic liquids: a brief history
Authors: Welton Tom 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
There is no doubt that ionic liquids have become a major subject of study for modern chemistry. We have become used to ever more publications in the field each year, although there is some evidence that this is beginning to plateau at approximately 3500 papers each year. They have been the subject of several major reviews and books, dealing with different applications and aspects of their behaviours. In this article, I will show a little of how interest in ionic liquids grew and developed.