bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multi-year data set on aerosol-cloud-precipitation-meteorology interactions for marine stratocumulus clouds
Authors: Sorooshian Armin , MacDonald Alexander B. , Dadashazar Hossein , Bates Kelvin H. , Coggon Matthew M. , Craven Jill S. , Crosbie Ewan , Hersey Scott P. , Hodas Natasha , Lin Jack J. , Negrón Marty Arnaldo , Maudlin Lindsay C. , Metcalf Andrew R. , Murphy Shane M. , Padró Luz T. , Prabhakar Gouri , Rissman Tracey A. , Shingler Taylor , Varutbangkul Varuntida , Wang Zhen , Woods Roy K. , Chuang Patrick Y. , Nenes Athanasios , Jonsson Haflidi H. , Flagan Richard C. , Seinfeld John H. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAirborne measurements of meteorological, aerosol, and stratocumulus cloud properties have been harmonized from six field campaigns during July-August months between 2005 and 2016 off the California coast. A consistent set of core instruments was deployed on the Center for Interdisciplinary Remotely-Piloted Aircraft Studies Twin Otter for 113 flight days, amounting to 514 flight hours. A unique aspect of the compiled data set is detailed measurements of aerosol microphysical properties (size distribution, composition, bioaerosol detection, hygroscopicity, optical), cloud water composition, and different sampling inlets to distinguish between clear air aerosol, interstitial in-cloud aerosol, and droplet residual particles in cloud. Measurements and data analysis follow documented methods for quality assurance. The data set is suitable for studies associated with aerosol-cloud-precipitation-meteorology-radiation interactions, especially owing to sharp aerosol perturbations from ship traffic and biomass burning. The data set can be used for model initialization and synergistic application with meteorological models and remote sensing data to improve understanding of the very interactions that comprise the largest uncertainty in the effect of anthropogenic emissions on radiative forcing.
Vocalization Subsystem Responses to a Temporarily Induced Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis
Authors: Croake Daniel J. , Andreatta Richard D. , Stemple Joseph C. 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to quantify the interactions of the 3 vocalization subsystems of respiration, phonation, and resonance before, during, and after a perturbation to the larynx (temporarily induced unilateral vocal fold paralysis) in 10 vocally healthy participants. Using dynamic systems theory as a guide, we hypothesized that data groupings would emerge revealing context-dependent patterns in the relationships of variables representing the 3 vocalization subsystems. We also hypothesized that group data would mask important individual variability important to understanding the relationships among the vocalization subsystems.MethodA perturbation paradigm was used to obtain respiratory kinematic, aerodynamic, and acoustic formant measures from 10 healthy participants (8 women, 2 men) with normal voices. Group and individual data were analyzed to provide a multilevel analysis of the data. A 3-dimensional state space model was constructed to demonstrate the interactive relationships among the 3 subsystems before, during, and after perturbation.ResultsDuring perturbation, group data revealed that lung volume initiations and terminations were lower, with longer respiratory excursions; airflow rates increased while subglottic pressures were maintained. Acoustic formant measures indicated that the spacing between the upper formants decreased (F3–F5), whereas the spacing between F1 and F2 increased. State space modeling revealed the changing directionality and interactions among the 3 subsystems.ConclusionsGroup data alone masked important variability necessary to understand the unique relationships among the 3 subsystems. Multilevel analysis permitted a richer understanding of the individual differences in phonatory regulation and permitted subgroup analysis. Dynamic systems theory may be a useful heuristic to model the interactive relationships among vocalization subsystems.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.5913532
Weighted nonnegative tensor factorization for atmospheric tomography reconstruction
Authors: Carmona-Ballester David , Trujillo-Sevilla Juan M. , Bonaque-González Sergio , Gómez-Cárdenes Óscar , Rodríguez-Ramos José M. 
Published: February 2018

Context. Increasing the area on the sky over which atmospheric turbulences can be corrected is a matter of wide interest in astrophysics, especially when a new generation of extremely large telescopes (ELT) is to come in the near future.
Aims. In this study we tested if a method for visual representation in three-dimensional displays, the weighted nonnegative tensor factorization (WNTF), is able to improve the quality of the atmospheric tomography (AT) reconstruction as compared to a more standardized method like a randomized Kaczmarz algorithm.
Methods. A total of 1000 different atmospheres were simulated and recovered by both methods. Recovering was computed for two and three layers and for four different constellations of laser guiding stars (LGS). The goodness of both methods was tested by means of the radial average of the Strehl ratio across the field of view of a telescope of 8m diameter with a sky coverage of 97.8 arcsec.
Results. The proposed method significantly outperformed the Kaczmarz in all tested cases (p ≤ 0.05). In WNTF, three-layers configuration provided better outcomes, but there was no clear relation between different LGS constellations and the quality of Strehl ratio maps.
Conclusions. The WNTF method is a novel technique in astronomy and its use to recover atmospheric turbulence profiles was proposed and tested. It showed better quality of reconstruction than a conventional Kaczmarz algorithm independently of the number and height of recovered atmospheric layers and of the constellation of laser guide star used. The WNTF method was shown to be a useful tool in highly ill-posed AT problems, where the difficulty of classical algorithms produce high Strehl value maps.
Zirkulierende Tumorzellen, zirkulierende Tumor-DNA und zirkulierende microRNA beim metastasierten Mammakarzinom – oder: Welche Rolle spielt die Liquid Biopsy beim Brustkrebs?
Authors: Polasik Arkadius , Tzschaschel Marie , Schochter Fabienne , de Gregorio Ameli , Friedl Thomas , Rack Brigitte , Hartkopf Andreas , Fasching Peter , Schneeweiss Andreas , Müller Volkmar , Huober Jens , Janni Wolfgang , Fehm Tanja 
Published: February 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Streuung von Tumorzellen und Entstehung solider Metastasen findet sowohl über das Lymph- als auch das Blutsystem statt. Der Nachweis zirkulierender Tumorzellen (CTCs) und der zirkulierenden Tumor-DNA (ctDNA) im venösen Blut ist sowohl beim frühen als auch beim metastasierten Mammakarzinom möglich. Ihre prognostische Relevanz wurde bereits mehrfach bewiesen. Dabei ist die repetitive Untersuchung der CTCs bzw. ctDNA im Sinne einer regelmäßigen „liquid biopsy“ jederzeit und problemlos möglich. Durch die zusätzlichen molekularen Analysen ist es möglich, Tumorcharakteristika und ihre Heterogenität, die mit möglichen Resistenzen einhergehen, zu definieren. Dies ermöglicht den Einsatz einer personalisierten und zielgerichteten Therapie, um neben einem verlängerten Gesamtüberleben auch die Verbesserung der Lebensqualität zu erreichen.
Imaging Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis—Challenges and Recent Advances
Authors: Parmar Katrin , Banwell Brenda , Akbar Nadine , Bigi Sandra 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPediatric onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) is a rare disease with an incidence of 0.07 to 2.9/100'000 children per year. It follows a relapsing–remitting disease course and is characterized by rapid accrual of inflammatory lesions, high relapse frequency, and early cognitive impairment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis of POMS, and in the exclusion of other disorders mimicking POMS. Furthermore, MRI aids in disease monitoring, and in the evaluation of therapeutic efficacy in both clinical practice and clinical trials. Volumetric MRI studies, diffusion tensor imaging, resting-state, and task-based functional MRI provide deeper insight into the impact of POMS on maturing neural networks. This review article aims to highlight the importance of MRI in the care of POMS patients and to provide an overview on the different MRI techniques used in the management of POMS.
Einfluss der Scanstrategie auf die Genauigkeit digitaler Ganzkieferabformungen
Authors: Keul Christine , Güth Jan-Frederik 
Published: February 2018

ZusammenfassungBei der digitalen intraoralen Abformung stellt sich die Frage nach der optimalen Scanstrategie zur Erzeugung eines genauen virtuellen Abbildes der klinischen Situation. Während bei der indirekten Digitalisierung im zahntechnischen Labor der Digitalisierungsablauf fest durch die Software des Scansystems vorgegeben ist, entscheidet bei der direkten Digitalisierung trotz Herstellerempfehlungen der Behandler am Behandlungsstuhl selbst über den Scanpfad. Während manche Behandler lieber lineare Scanbewegungen durchführen, bevorzugen andere beispielsweise eher s-förmige Bewegungen. Doch haben diese unterschiedlichen Scanbewegungen einen relevanten Einfluss auf das Scanergebnis?
Vermeidung atopischer Krankheiten durch Omega-3-Zufuhr in der Schwangerschaft
Authors: Schmiedel Volker 
Published: February 2018

ZusammenfassungIn Deutschland besteht eine hohe Inzidenz für atopische Krankheiten – mit progressiver Tendenz. Die Studienlage zur Prävention dieser die Lebensqualität von betroffenen Kindern und Familien schwer beeinträchtigenden Erkrankungen durch Omega-3-Fettsäuren ist überwältigend. Die gynäkologischen Empfehlungen zur Omega-3-Zufuhr bei Schwangeren und Stillenden sind sinnvoll, werden aber kaum umgesetzt. Die optimale Dosis geht vermutlich sogar noch über die Leitlinienempfehlung hinaus.
Sport und Rheuma
Authors: Illgner Ulrich 
Published: February 2018

ZusammenfassungEs werden ca. 200–300 verschiedene Krankheitsbilder dem „rheumatischen Formenkreis“ zugeordnet, und so heterogen wie diese Erkrankungen sind die Verläufe innerhalb dieser Erkrankungen beim einzelnen Patienten. In den letzten Jahren konnten enorme Fortschritte in Diagnostik und Pharmakotherapie insbesondere auch in der Versorgungsstrategie durch das „Treat to Target“ Prinzip erzielt werden. Obwohl eine breite Datenlage zu den positiven Effekten von Sport bei Rheumapatienten vorliegt, herrscht hier oft noch Unsicherheit über Art und Weise einer möglichen sportlichen Betätigung bei Ärzten und Patienten vor. Nicht nur für leichtes aerobes Ausdauertraining und „Low-instensity-Sport“ sondern auch für den Nutzen von intensivem Krafttraining liegen gute Daten vor. Durch den Einsatz moderner Hilfsmittel könnte die Sportfähigkeit vieler Patienten noch deutlich gesteigert werden. Noch wichtiger aber erscheint es, Unsicherheiten zu beseitigen, zu Sport zu motivieren, aber natürlich auch auf der anderen Seite, Risiken und Gefahren im Einzelfall im Vorfeld schon zu erkennen und zu umgehen.
Ernährungsbildung in der Grundschule – eine bundesweite Bestandsaufnahme
Authors: Eisenhauer Laura , Breidenassel Christina , Arms Elke , Stehle Peter 
Published: February 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Gesundheitsförderung an Schulen ist ein fester Bestandteil des Bildungsauftrags in Deutschland. Mit dem Hintergrund, dass in Familien immer weniger Ernährungswissen vermittelt wird, ist eine Förderung auf die Ernährungsbildung (EB) von Schulkindern eine seit Jahren diskutierte Forderung. Ob und in welcher Form die Inhalte einer gesundheitsfördernden Ernährung in den Lehrplänen (LP) der Grundschulen (GS) und welche Unterrichtsmaterialien (Quantität, Qualität) zur Verfügung stehen, ist aktuell nicht zusammenhängend erfasst. Ziel dieser Erhebung ist daher eine Bestandsaufnahme in den 16 Bundesländern (BL).
Methoden Die elektronische Version der BL-spezifischen LP wurde unter Verwendung von definierten Schlüsselbegriffen (z. B. Ernährung) durchsucht, um relevante Inhalte für die EB zu erfassen. Die bundesweit verfügbaren Materialien, Programme und Projekte für GS wurden mittels Internetrecherche ermittelt, unter vorgegebenen Kriterien in einer Materialsammlung zusammengetragen und mithilfe des Materialkompasses bewertet.
Ergebnisse In den einzelnen BL steht die EB mit stark variierendem Umfang, Aktualität und Themen in den LP der GS. Es ergaben sich 15 Themenfelder mit weiteren Unterthemen. Die erstellte Materialsammlung umfasste 246 verschiedene Materialien von Verbänden, Verlagen und Wirtschaft, die sich in ihrer Qualität stark unterschieden. Neben den meisten empfehlenswerten Materialien wurden auch 13 % wegen inhaltlicher und didaktischer Defizite als unzureichend eingestuft.
Schlussfolgerungen Die länderspezifischen LP für das Fach EB unterscheiden sich sowohl in Qualität als auch in Quantität deutlich. Zur bestmöglichen Erreichung der Ziele (Umfang, Wissenschaftlichkeit, Praktikabilität) in der EB wäre eine Regulierung auf Bundesebene erstrebenswert, um eine bundesweit einheitliche EB an GS durchzusetzen. Zur Aufrechterhaltung von Standards scheint eine Kontrolle mit einheitlichen Kriterien der Lehrmaterialien unabdingbar.
Résolution de l’ambiguïté sémantique des noms propres par utilisation des croyances sur les connaissances d’autrui – application au prénom
Authors: Blin Raoul 
Published: February 2018

Résumé
Un nom propre, parfois porté par des centaines de milliers d’individus, lorsqu’il apparaît sans déterminant dans un énoncé, ne peut faire référence qu’à un seul et unique individu, non quelconque et identique pour le locuteur et son allocutaire. Une bonne part de la désambiguïsation repose sur l’usage des données contextuelles. Nous proposons un modèle opératoire du processus d’interprétation du nom propre, et plus précisément du prénom. Nous mettons en particulier l’accent sur l’articulation entre la grammaire et les connaissances générales, ainsi que la théorie de l’esprit.
The effect of 10 days of intermittent fasting on Wingate anaerobic power and prolonged high‐intensity time‐to‐exhaustion cycling performance
Authors: Naharudin Mohamed Nashrudin Bin , Yusof Ashril 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMany physically active individuals have undertaken intermittent fasting to reduce their daily caloric intake. However, abstaining from meals for a specific length of time may lead to the acute disturbance of highly carbohydrate‐dependent exercise performance. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of 10 days of intermittent fasting on high‐intensity type exercises, Wingate anaerobic (WT) and prolonged high‐intensity time‐to‐exhaustion (HIT) cycling test. Twenty participants were randomised into an intermittent fasting (FAS) and a control group (CON). One day after baseline data collection on Day‐0 where participants consumed their recommended daily caloric intake (FAS = 2500 ± 143 kcal day−1; CON = 2492 ± 20 kcal day−1) served over a course of five meals, the FAS group consumed only four meals where 40% was restricted by the omission of lunch (FAS = 1500 ± 55 kcal day−1). This diet was then continued for 10 days. Data on exercise performance and other dependent variables were collected on Day‐2, ‐4, ‐6, ‐8 and ‐10. A reduction in WT power in the FAS group was observed on Day‐2 (821.74 ± 66.07 W) compared to Day‐0 (847.63 ± 95.94 W) with a moderate effect size (p < .05, ES = 0.4), while HIT time‐to‐exhaustion performance declined over the 10 days with a trend of recovery from a large to a minimum effect size (p < .05, ES = 0.8–0.3). Body weight and triglyceride were consistently reduced in the FAS group (p < .01). The present study suggests that intermittent fasting must exceed 10 days to ensure that high‐intensity performance does not deteriorate because this length of time seems to be required for effective adaptation to the new dietary regimen.
A new method for proving the separation principle for the infinite-dimensional LQG regulator problem
Authors: Mahinzaeim Mahyar 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This paper gives an alternative perspective on the standard linear quadratic Gaussian regulator problem for infinite-dimensional state-space systems. We will show that when considered on an extended Hilbert state-space, the originally stochastic control problem can be phrased as a deterministic one. In this setting we obtain a new method of proof for the well-known separation principle which does not involve probabilistic considerations.
Evaluation of a recommender app for apps for the treatment of depression and anxiety: an analysis of longitudinal user engagement
Authors: Cheung Ken , Ling Wodan , Karr Chris J , Weingardt Kenneth , Schueller Stephen M , Mohr David C 
Published: February 2018

AbstractObjectiveWhile depression and anxiety are common mental health issues, only a small segment of the population has access to standard one-on-one treatment. The use of smartphone apps can fill this gap. An app recommender system may help improve user engagement of these apps and eventually symptoms.MethodsIntelliCare was a suite of apps for depression and anxiety, with a Hub app that provided app recommendations aiming to increase user engagement. This study captured the records of 8057 users of 12 apps. We measured overall engagement and app-specific usage longitudinally by the number of weekly app sessions (“loyalty”) and the number of days with app usage (“regularity”) over 16 weeks. Hub and non-Hub users were compared using zero-inflated Poisson regression for loyalty, linear regression for regularity, and Cox regression for engagement duration. Adjusted analyses were performed in 4561 users for whom we had baseline characteristics. Impact of Hub recommendations was assessed using the same approach.ResultsWhen compared to non-Hub users in adjusted analyses, Hub users had a lower risk of discontinuing IntelliCare (hazard ratio = 0.67, 95% CI, 0.62-0.71), higher loyalty (2- to 5-fold), and higher regularity (0.1–0.4 day/week greater). Among Hub users, Hub recommendations increased app-specific loyalty and regularity in all 12 apps.Discussion/ConclusionCentralized app recommendations increase overall user engagement of the apps, as well as app-specific usage. Further studies relating app usage to symptoms can validate that such a recommender improves clinical benefits and does so at scale.
The Effects of Respondent and Question Characteristics on Respondent Answering Behaviors in Telephone Interviews
Authors: Olson Kristen , Smyth Jolene D , Ganshert Amanda 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn a standardized telephone interview, respondents ideally are able to provide an answer that easily fits the response task. Deviations from this ideal question answering behavior are behavioral manifestations of breakdowns in the cognitive response process and partially reveal mechanisms underlying measurement error, but little is known about what question characteristics or types of respondents are associated with what types of deviations. Evaluations of question problems tend to look at one question characteristic at a time; yet questions are comprised of multiple characteristics, some of which are easier to experimentally manipulate (e.g., presence of a definition) than others (e.g., attitude versus behavior). All of these characteristics can affect how respondents answer questions. Using a landline telephone interview, we use cross-classified random effects logistic regression models to simultaneously evaluate the effects of multiple question and respondent characteristics on six different respondent behaviors. We find that most of the variability in these respondent answering behaviors is associated with the questions rather than the respondents themselves. Question characteristics that affect the comprehension and mapping stages of the cognitive response process are consistently associated with answering behaviors, whereas attitude questions do not consistently differ from behavioral questions. We also find that sensitive questions are more likely to yield adequate answers and fewer problems in reporting or clarification requests than nonsensitive questions. Additionally, older respondents are less likely to answer adequately. Our findings suggest that survey designers should focus on questionnaire features related to comprehension and mapping to minimize interactional and data quality problems in surveys and should train interviewers on how to resolve these reporting problems.
The Subaru FMOS galaxy redshift survey (FastSound). V. Intrinsic alignments of emission-line galaxies at z ∼ 1.4
Authors: Tonegawa Motonari , Okumura Teppei , Totani Tomonori , Dalton Gavin , Glazebrook Karl , Yabe Kiyoto 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Intrinsic alignments (IA), the coherent alignment of intrinsic galaxy orientations, can be a source of a systematic error of weak lensing surveys. The redshift evolution of IA also contains information about the physics of galaxy formation and evolution. This paper presents the first measurement of IA at high redshift, z ∼ 1.4, using the spectroscopic catalog of blue star-forming galaxies of the FastSound redshift survey, with the galaxy shape information from the Canada–Hawaii–France telescope lensing survey. The IA signal is consistent with zero with power-law amplitudes fitted to the projected correlation functions for density–shape and shape–shape correlation components, Aδ+ = −0.0071 ± 0.1340 and A++ = −0.0505 ± 0.0848, respectively. These results are consistent with those obtained from blue galaxies at lower redshifts (e.g., $A\,_{\delta +}=0.0035_{-0.0389}^{+0.0387}$ and $A_{++}=0.0045_{-0.0168}^{+0.0166}$ at z = 0.51 from the WiggleZ survey). The upper limit of the constrained IA amplitude corresponds to a few percent contamination to the weak-lensing shear power spectrum, resulting in systematic uncertainties on the cosmological parameter estimations by −0.052 &lt; Δσ8 &lt; 0.039 and −0.039 &lt; ΔΩm &lt; 0.030.
Climate of Respect Evaluation in ICUs: Development of an Instrument (ICU-CORE)
Authors: Beach Mary Catherine , Topazian Rachel , Chan Kitty S. , Sugarman Jeremy , Geller Gail 
Published: February 2018

Objectives:
To develop a valid, reliable measure that reflected the environment of respectfulness within the ICU setting.

Design:
We developed a preliminary survey instrument based on conceptual domains of respect identified through prior qualitative analyses of ICU patient, family member, and clinician perspectives. The initial instrument consisted of 21 items. After five cognitive interviews and 16 pilot surveys, we revised the instrument to include 23 items. We used standard psychometric methods to analyze the instrument.

Settings:
Eight ICUs serving adult patients affiliated with a large university health system.

Subjects:
ICU clinicians.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
Based on 249 responses, we identified three factors and created subscales: General Respect, Respectful Behaviors, and Disrespectful Behaviors. The General Respect subscale had seven items (α = 0.932) and reflected how often patients in the ICU are treated with respect, in a dignified manner, as an individual, equally to all other patients, on the “same level” as the ICU team, as a person, and as you yourself would want to be treated. The Respectful Behaviors subscale had 10 items (α = 0.926) and reflected how often the ICU team responds to patient and/or family anxiety, makes an effort to get to know the patient and family as people, listens carefully, explains things thoroughly, gives the opportunity to provide input into care, protects patient modesty, greets when entering room, and talks to sedated patients. The subscale measuring disrespect has four items (α = 0.702) and reflects how often the ICU team dismisses family concerns, talks down to patients and families, speaks disrespectfully behind their backs, and gets frustrated with patients and families.

Conclusions:
We created a reliable set of scales to measure the climate of respectfulness in intensive care settings. These measures can be used for ongoing quality improvement that aim to enhance the experience of ICU patients and their families.