bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasensitive Immunoprofiling of Plasma Extracellular Vesicles Identifies Syndecan-1 as a Potential Tool for Minimally Invasive Diagnosis of Glioma
Authors: Indira Chandran Vineesh , Welinder Charlotte , Månsson Ann-Sofie , Offer Svenja , Freyhult Eva , Pernemalm Maria , Lund Sigrid M. , Pedersen Shona , Lehtiö Janne , Marko-Varga Gyorgy , Johansson Maria C. , Englund Elisabet , Sundgren Pia C. , Belting Mattias 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
Liquid biopsy has great potential to improve the management of brain tumor patients at high risk of surgery-associated complications. Here, the aim was to explore plasma extracellular vesicle (plEV) immunoprofiling as a tool for noninvasive diagnosis of glioma.

Experimental Design:
PlEV isolation and analysis were optimized using advanced mass spectrometry, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and electron microscopy. We then established a new procedure that combines size exclusion chromatography isolation and proximity extension assay–based ultrasensitive immunoprofiling of plEV proteins that was applied on a well-defined glioma study cohort (n = 82).

Results:
Among potential candidates, we for the first time identify syndecan-1 (SDC1) as a plEV constituent that can discriminate between high-grade glioblastoma multiforme (GBM, WHO grade IV) and low-grade glioma [LGG, WHO grade II; area under the ROC curve (AUC): 0.81; sensitivity: 71%; specificity: 91%]. These findings were independently validated by ELISA. Tumor SDC1 mRNA expression similarly discriminated between GBM and LGG in an independent glioma patient population from The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort (AUC: 0.91; sensitivity: 79%; specificity: 91%). In experimental studies with GBM cells, we show that SDC1 is efficiently sorted to secreted EVs. Importantly, we found strong support of plEVSDC1 originating from GBM tumors, as plEVSDC1 correlated with SDC1 protein expression in matched patient tumors, and plEVSDC1 was decreased postoperatively depending on the extent of surgery.

Conclusions:
Our studies support the concept of circulating plEVs as a tool for noninvasive diagnosis and monitoring of gliomas and should move this field closer to the goal of improving the management of cancer patients.
CARBON SEQUESTRATION OF MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM IN SEGARA ANAKAN LAGOON, INDONESIA
Authors: Hilmi Endang , Sari Lilik Kartika , Cahyo Tri Nur , Kusmana Cecep , Suhendang Endang 
Published: January 2019

Carbon conservation programs in mangrove ecosystems focus on the growth of mangrove vegetation that is measured based on the amount of carbon present at different tree stages particularly, the seedlings, saplings and mature mangrove trees. This study was aimed to determine carbon percentage of mangrove ecosystems using the SNI 06 â€“ 3730 â€“ 1995 and TAPPI T 211 om 85 methods, and to analyse the mangrove clustering based on carbon percentage. TheÂ results showed that (1) Avicennia spp, Sonneratia spp, Bruguiera spp, Rhizophora spp, Aegiceras spp, Lumnitzera spp, Ceriop spp, Exoecaria agallocha and Xylocarpus granatum had carbon percentages between 45.01-55.54%; (2)Â the carbon percentage of mangroves at different growth stages were as follows; seedlings at 16.3-21.2%, sapling at 19.0-28.1%, trees with diameter at breast height (DBH) of 10-20 at 38.1-46.3%, trees with DBH of 20-30 cm at 40.2-51.1% and trees with DBH of 30-40 cm at 49.1-55.2%. The carbon conservation is positively correlated with the carbon sequestration ability and growth of the mangroves.
The Annual Cycle of Northern Hemisphere Storm Tracks. Part II: Regional Detail
Authors: Hoskins B. J. , Hodges K. I. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn Part I of this study, the annual cycle of the Northern Hemisphere storm tracks was investigated using feature tracking and Eulerian variance-based diagnostics applied to both the vorticity and meridional wind fields. Results were presented and discussed for the four seasons at both upper- (250 hPa) and lower- (850 hPa) tropospheric levels. Here, using the meridional wind diagnostics, the annual cycles of the North Pacific and North Atlantic storm tracks are examined in detail. This is done using monthly and 20° longitudinal sector averages. Many sectors have been considered, but the focus is on sectors equally spaced in the two main oceanic storm tracks situated at their western, central, and eastern regions, with the western ones being mainly over the upstream continents. The annual cycles of the upper- and lower-tropospheric storm tracks in the central and eastern Pacific, as well as in the western and central Atlantic sectors, all have rather similar structures. In amplitude, each sector at both levels has a summer minimum and a relatively uniform strength from October to April, despite the strong winter maxima in the westerly jets. However, high-intensity storms occur over a much wider latitudinal band in winter. The storm track in each sector moves poleward from May to August and returns equatorward from October to December, and there is a marked asymmetry between spring and autumn. There are many differences between the North Pacific and North Atlantic storm tracks, and some of these seem to have their origin in the behavior over the upstream East Asian and North American continents, suggesting the importance of seeding from these regions. The East Asian storm track near 48°N has marked spring and autumn maxima and weak amplitude in winter and summer. The 33°N track is strong only in the first half of the year. In contrast, the eastern North American storm track is well organized throughout the year, around the baroclinicity that moves latitudinally with the seasons. The signatures associated with these features are found to gradually decrease downstream in each case. In particular, there is very little latitudinal movement in the storm track in the eastern Atlantic.
Strategies Employed by Community-Based Service Providers to Address HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Challenges: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Liboro Renato M. , Rourke Sean B. , Ibañez-Carrasco Francisco , Eaton Andrew , Pugh Daniel , Medina Claudia , Rae Allan , Shuper Paul A. , Ross Lori E. 
Published: January 2019

Background: HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders and other causes of neurocognitive challenges experienced by people living with HIV (PLWH) persist as public health concerns in developed countries. Consequently, PLWH who experience neurocognitive challenges increasingly require social support and mental health services from community-based providers in the HIV sector. Methods: Thirty-three providers from 22 AIDS service organizations across Ontario, Canada, were interviewed to determine the strategies they used to support PLWH experiencing neurocognitive difficulties. Thematic analysis was conducted to determine key themes from the interview data. Results: Three types of strategies were identified: (a) intrapersonal, (b) interpersonal, and (c) organizational. Intrapersonal strategies involved learning and staying informed about causes of neurocognitive challenges. Interpersonal strategies included providing practical assistance, information, counseling, and/or referrals to PLWH. Organizational strategies included creating dedicated support groups for PLWH experiencing neurocognitive challenges, partnering with other organizations with services not available within their own organization, and advocating for greater access to services with expertise and experience working with PLWH. Conclusion: Through concerted efforts in the future, it is likely that empirically investigating, developing, and customizing these strategies specifically to address HIV-associated neurocognitive challenges will yield improved social support and mental health outcomes for PLWH.
Detection of Circulating Tumor DNA in Patients With Leiomyosarcoma With Progressive Disease
Authors: Hemming Matthew L. , Klega Kelly , Rhoades Justin , Ha Gavin , Acker Kate E. , Andersen Jessica L. , Thai Edwin , Nag Anwesha , Thorner Aaron R. , Raut Chandrajit P. , George Suzanne , Crompton Brian D. 
Published: January 2019

Purpose Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a soft-tissue sarcoma characterized by multiple copy number alterations (CNAs) and without common recurrent single-nucleotide variants. We evaluated the feasibility of detecting circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) with next-generation sequencing in a cohort of patients with LMS whose tumor burden ranged from no evidence of disease to metastatic progressive disease. Patients and Methods We evaluated cell-free DNA in plasma samples and paired genomic DNA from resected tumors from patients with LMS by ultra-low passage whole-genome sequencing. Sequencing reads were aligned to the human genome and CNAs that were identified in cell-free DNA and tumor DNA by ichorCNA software to determine the presence of ctDNA. Clinical data were reviewed to assess disease burden and clinicopathologic features. Results We identified LMS ctDNA in 11 (69%) of 16 patients with disease progression and total tumor burden greater than 5 cm. Sixteen patients with stable disease or low disease burden at the time of blood draw were found to have no detectable ctDNA. Higher ctDNA fraction of total cell-free DNA was associated with increasing tumor size and disease progression. Conserved CNAs were found between primary tumors and ctDNA in each case, and recurrent CNAs were found across LMS samples. ctDNA levels declined after resection of progressive disease in one case and became detectable upon disease relapse in another individual patient. Conclusion These results suggest that ctDNA, assayed by a widely available sequencing approach, may be useful as a biomarker for a subset of patients with uterine and extrauterine LMS. Higher levels of ctDNA correlate with tumor size and disease progression. Liquid biopsies may assist in guiding treatment decisions, monitoring response to systemic therapy, surveying for disease recurrence, and differentiating benign and malignant smooth muscle tumors.
Detection of avascular necrosis on routine diffusion-weighted whole body MRI in patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Ahmed Naeem , Sriskandarajah Priya , Burd Christian , Riddell Angela , Boyd Kevin , Kaiser Martin , Messiou Christina 
Published: January 2019

Objective:
Current therapies for multiple myeloma, which include corticosteroids, increase risk of avascular necrosis. The aim of this study was to assess incidental detection of femoral head avascular necrosis on routine whole body MRI including diffusion weighted MRI.

Methods:
All whole body MRI studies, performed on patients with known multiple myeloma between 1 January 2010 to 1 May 2017 were assessed for features of avascular necrosis.

Results:
650 whole body MR scans were analysed. 15 patients (6.6%) had typical MR features of avascular necrosis: 2/15 (13.3%) had femoral head collapse, 4/15 (26.7%) had bilateral avascular necrosis and 9/15 (60%) were asymptomatic.

Conclusion:
This is the first report of avascular necrosis detected on routine whole body MRI in patients with multiple myeloma. Targeted review of femoral heads in multiple myeloma patients undergoing whole body MR is recommended, including in patients without symptoms.

Advances in knowledge:
Whole body MR which includes diffusion-weighted MRI is extremely sensitive for evaluation of bone marrow. Although whole body MRI is primarily used for evaluation of multiple myeloma disease burden, it also presents an unique opportunity to evaluate the femoral heads for signs of avascular necrosis which can predate symptoms.
Textural analysis and lung function study: Predicting lung fitness for radiotherapy from a CT scan
Authors: Phillips Iain , Ezhil Veni , Hussein Mohammad , South Christopher , Nisbet Andrew , Alobaidli Sheaka , Prakash Vineet , Ajaz Mazhar , Wang Helen , Evans Philip 
Published: January 2019

Objective: This study tested the hypothesis that shows advanced image analysis can differentiate fit and unfit patients for radical radiotherapy from standard radiotherapy planning imaging, when compared to formal lung function tests, FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 s) and TLCO (transfer factor of carbon monoxide). Methods: An apical region of interest (ROI) of lung parenchyma was extracted from a standard radiotherapy planning CT scan. Software using a grey level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) assigned an entropy score to each voxel, based on its similarity to the voxels around it. Results: Density and entropy scores were compared between a cohort of 29 fit patients (defined as FEV1 and TLCO above 50 % predicted value) and 32 unfit patients (FEV1 or TLCO below 50% predicted). Mean and median density and median entropy were significantly different between fit and unfit patients (p = 0.005, 0.0008 and 0.0418 respectively; two-sided Mann–Whitney test). Conclusion: Density and entropy assessment can differentiate between fit and unfit patients for radical radiotherapy, using standard CT imaging. Advances in knowledge: This study shows that a novel assessment can generate further data from standard CT imaging. These data could be combined with existing studies to form a multiorgan patient fitness assessment from a single CT scan.
The experience of women living with pelvic girdle pain and participation in activity after childbirth
Authors: Elkins-Bushnell Rosie , Boyle Paul 
Published: January 2019

Background/Aims: Pelvic girdle pain is a musculoskeletal condition associated with pregnancy that can continue long-term after childbirth. At the moment, there is limited information as to how to support women with this condition. The aim of this study was to explore the occupational difficulties that are experienced by women with pelvic girdle pain, and acquire an understanding as to how they participate in activity. Methods: Five women experiencing pelvic girdle pain after childbirth were recruited purposively through a charity in the UK. A qualitative study drawing upon hermeneutic theory was conducted using semi-structured interviews. The data were then transcribed and analysed by way of thematic analysis. Findings: Four themes emerged from the data including: activity affected by pelvic girdle pain; factors restricting participation in activity; factors promoting participation in activity; and the emotional impact of a change in participation. Conclusions: This study highlights the broad range of activities that are affected by this condition, and the complex interplay between internal and external factors that can impact on participation. The findings may assist health professionals when considering ways of supporting women living with pelvic girdle pain after childbirth.
Bringing back the image into its frame: Barthes’ soldier and the contextual frame of human perception and interpretation of signs
Authors: Safavi Sarvenaz , Gümüş Agah 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In this article, the authors try to review the Paris-Match cover page (No. 326 from 1955) analyzed by Roland Barthes and introduces a new model of analyzing sign system from a new semiotic approach based on the new definition of the context. This research is based on three layers of the context and shows that understanding the cover page of a magazine or any other kind of text is not only absolute but also somehow relative due to the different background knowledge of the audience. This means that human sees the Context A, or what is designed, in the situation of Context B, or situational context, and interpret based on their Context C, or background knowledge of the audience.
Belatedness
Authors: Ferme Mariane C. 
Published: January 2019

This chapter offers an example of violent and sensory transmissions—and belated encounters with trauma—in the context of masked political and ritual performances by a male secret society. Latency is the temporality of traumatic memories and their erasures. This chapter offers an analysis of the ways in which the violence of an event is fully experienced only in the aftermath of its performance, informing the gap between images and textuality. It weaves material from the photographic and textual archive of T. J. Alldridge and the anthropologist’s experience of a related event a century later to elaborate how the trace of the Real emerges from past erasures.
PERAN PENUGASAN PRAKARYA DAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN TERHADAP MINAT BERWIRAUSAHA SISWA SMA
Authors: Tahara Vina , Pujiati Amin 
Published: January 2019

Semakin rendahnya karakter wirausaha yang dihasilkan dalam mata pelajaran Prakarya dan Kewirausahaan membuat jumlah siswa yang berminat melakukan kegiatan wirausaha semakin sedikit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: Mengetahui kondisi minat kewirausahaan siswa SMA Negeri 3 Semarang serta mengetahui peran penugasan Prakarya dan Kewirausahaan terhadap minat berwirausaha siswa SMA Negeri 3 Semarang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumentasi serta uji keabsahan data adalah uji kredibilitas data menggunakan triangulasi sumber. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Pengambilan sample sumber data dilakukan secara purposive dan snowball. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu: Kondisi minat siswa dikategorikan dalam beberapa sikap yaitu percaya diri, melihat peluang, berorientasi masa depan, kepemimpinan, berani mengambil resiko dan kreativitas. Secara keseluruhan sikap tersebut sudah dapat dikatakan cukup baik hanya saja aspek mencari peluang kurang diaplikasikan secara optimal. Peran penugasan dalam penelitian dilihat dalam aspek kemampuan belajar mandiri siswa dan penguasaan bahan ajar yang terbagi dalam aspek kognitif, psikomotorik dan afektif siswa.

The lower the entrepreneurship interest resulted in craft and entrepreneurship subject, make less the number of students who interest in doing entrepreneurship activities. The aims of this study are to know the entrepreneurships interest condition of students of SMA Negeri 3 Semarang and to know the role of craft and entrepreneurship assignment on the entrepreneurship interest of students of SMA Negeri 3 Semarang. The methode of this experiment is qualitative description. The sampling of data sources was conducted by using purposive and snowball sampling. The results of this study are: (1) The condition of student interest is categorized in several attitudes, namely self-confidence, seeing opportunities, future-oriented, leadership, taking risks and creativity as a form of student entrepreneurial character and seen in how the assignment is carried out. Overall, this attitude can be said to be quite good, only the aspect of looking for opportunities is not applied optimally in the assignment of Crafts and Entrepreneurship at SMA Negeri 3 Semarang. (2) The role of assignment in research is seen in the aspect of students' independent learning abilities and mastery of teaching materials which are divided into cognitive, psychomotor and affective aspects of students
Uso problemático de internet, cyberbullying y ciber-violencia de pareja en jóvenes universitarios
Authors: Peña Cárdenas Fabiola , Rojas-Solís José Luis , García Sánchez Paola Valeria 
Published: January 2019

Las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación se han desarrollado con rapidez integrándose en la vida cotidiana de los adolescentes y los jóvenes. Por ello, esta investigación con diseño no-experimental y transversal analizó las diferencias por sexo en el uso problemático del internet, el cyberbullying y la ciber-violencia de pareja; así como la posible relación entre las variables mencionadas. La muestra fue conformada por 456 estudiantes, procedentes de dos universidades mexicanas, con edades entre 17 y 30 años (M = 19,86; DT = 2,12). Los resultados mostraron pocas diferencias entre hombres y mujeres; asimismo se presentaron correlaciones bajas positivas entre la mayoría de los indicadores de uso problemático de internet con ciberbullying; el uso problemático de internet y ciber-violencia de pareja; y entre ciberbullying y ciber-violencia de pareja. Se concluyó que las conductas violentas de jóvenes mediante nuevas tecnologías parecen generalizarse a las relaciones entre pares y de pareja. Se discuten los resultados destacando la necesidad de más estudios sobre estos fenómenos cada vez más presentes en jóvenes.
Problemas emocionales y de comportamiento en niños con discapacidad intelectual
Authors: Coronel Claudia Paola 
Published: January 2019

Estudiar los problemas de comportamiento en los niños resulta complejo y más aún si presentan discapacidad intelectual, ya que se involucran diversos factores etiológicos: contextuales, genéticos, familiares, interaccionales; algunos de ellos pueden ser causa por sí mismos de psicopatología o aumentar el riesgo de psicopatología. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron identificar problemas emocionales y de comportamiento en niños de 6 y 11 años con discapacidad intelectual de diferentes niveles socioeconómico (NSE) de Tucumán, Argentina. Segundo, analizar comportamientos internalizantes y externalizantes en niños con discapacidad intelectual y analizar si existen diferencias en los problemas emocionales y de comportamiento en función del contexto socioeconómico de los niños. Los hallazgos del presente estudio se relacionan con una mayor problemática comportamental y emocional en niños con discapacidad intelectual moderada referida a problemas de atención, sociales y de retraimiento. Además se encontró mayor problemática emocional en niños con discapacidad intelectual de niveles socioeconómico bajo de Tucumán.
Analisis Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Terhadap Putusan Mah¬kamah Agung Nomor: 569 K/Ag/2015 tentang Penyelesai¬an Sengketa Pembiayaan Ijârah Multijasa
Authors: Hartati Neneng 
Published: January 2019

Putusan tingkat Kasasi Nomor: 569 K/AG/2015 ini diajukan Para Pemohon Kasasi melawan Termohon Kasasi. Awalnya Termohon Kasasi telah mengajukan gugatan akad pem­biayaan ijârah multijasa atas akad Nomor : 01 tanggal 13 September 2011, yang perinciannya pertanggal 31 Agustus 2013. Terhadap Para Pemohon Kasasi di Pengadilan Agama Purbalingga dengan alasan wanprestasi/cidera janji/ingkar janji. Wanpres­tasi ter­sebut disebabkan Para Tergugat telah menunggak angsuran dan telah dilakukan upaya peringatan oleh Penggugat, namun Para Tergugat tetap tidak membayar kewajiban tersebut, sehingga Penggugat menganggap bahwa Para Tergugat tidak memiliki itikad baik untuk memenuhi kewajibannya. Atas perbuatan wanprestasi/cidera janji/ingkar janji tersebut, Penggugat merasa dirugikan secara materil: sewa manfaat: Rp.206.318.865; tunggakan ujrah: Rp.40.549.585; denda keterlambatan: Rp.375.000; biaya kunjungan : Rp.150.000; biaya kuasa hukum: Rp.10.000.000. Sehigga total kewajiban Para Tergugat yang harus dibayar sebesar: Rp.257.393.450 (dua ratus lima puluh tujuh juta tiga ratus sembilan puluh tiga ribu empat ratus lima puluh). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pola yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Pertama, hakim dalam melakukan pemeriksaan perkara pada tingkat kasasi membatalkan putusan pengadilan tingkat banding dikarenakan telah salah dalam penerapan hukum terhadap fakta-fakta hukum yang ditemukan adalah tepat. Akan tetapi tidak seharunnya seluruh pertimbangan hakim tingkat pertama menjadi pertimbangan Mahkamah Agung karena ada kesalahan dalam pertimbangan pada tingkat pertama. Kedua Penerapan hukum pada putusan tingkat kasasi ini, majelis hakim, sama sekali tidak melakukan penerapan hukum, sehingga tidak memberi contoh yang baik terhadap peradilan yang berada di bawah Mahkamah Agung.