bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the transdiagnostic mechanisms underlying emerging psychopathology in adolescence: study protocol of a 1-year prospective epidemiological (EMERGE) study
Authors: Häfeli Xenia Anna , Hirsig Anja , Schmidt Stefanie J 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionAdolescent mental health is a global public health challenge as most cases remain undetected and untreated, and consequently, have a high likelihood of persistence or recurrence. It is critical to improve early detection of mental disorders and to target individuals experiencing subclinical symptoms. However, most indicated prevention approaches have been developed for risk syndromes of specific mental disorders. This contradicts the increasing recognition of emerging psychopathology as a complex system characterised by rapid shifts in subclinical symptoms, cutting across diagnostic categories and interacting with each other over time. Therefore, this study aims to examine the dynamic course, pattern and network of subclinical symptoms and transdiagnostic mechanisms over time.Method and analysisThe EMERGE-study is a prospective, naturalistic, 1-year follow-up study. A general population sample of 1196 adolescents will be recruited. Inclusion criteria are age between 11 and 17 years, German language skills, main residency in Switzerland and access to internet. Individuals will be excluded if they have a current or lifetime axis I mental disorder. Assessments of subclinical symptoms of several mental disorders and potential transdiagnostic mechanisms will be conducted at baseline and at 3-month, 6-month, 9-month and 12-month follow-up. Structural equation modelling will be used to estimate the homotypic and heterotypic patterns of subclinical symptoms and the associations with transdiagnostic mechanisms. Latent growth mixture modelling and growth mixture survival analysis will be carried out to identify subclasses of individuals with different trajectories of subclinical symptoms that may be predictive of an onset of a mental disorder. Network analysis will be applied to assess the centrality of subclinical symptoms and how networks of emerging psychopathology change over time.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained from the Bern Cantonal Ethics Committee (ID 2020-02108). All findings will be disseminated by publication in peer-reviewed scientific journals and by presentation of the results to conferences and stakeholder organisation events.
Coping with cancer pain: a qualitative study to explore pain perception and self-coping strategies of patients with cancer in Sri Lanka
Authors: Edirisinghe N P , Makuloluwa P T R , Amarasekara Thamara , Goonewardena C S E 
Published: November 2024

Pain is one of the most debilitating symptoms of cancer, substantially diminishing one’s quality of life. The level of pain experienced is eventually determined by the pain coping strategies adopted by patients individually. The awareness of the ‘self-coping methods of pain’ of individual patients would be beneficial for the multidisciplinary pain team to consider such methods when planning future interventions to manage pain.ObjectivesThis study explores the pain perception and coping strategies used by patients with cancer pain in Sri Lanka.DesignA descriptive qualitative study.SettingPain management unit, Apeksha Hospital, Maharagama, Sri Lanka.ParticipantsThe study was conducted among purposively selected patients with cancer and registered at the pain management unit. 21 semi-structured interviews were conducted until data saturation. Data were analysed using Graneheim and Lundman’s content analysis method.ResultsMost participants were between 51 and 60 years old and identified as Sinhalese Buddhists. The study’s findings revealed two subthemes under ‘Understanding pain’, namely ‘Physical and emotional impact’ and ‘Cultural and spiritual interpretations’, and five subthemes under ‘Coping strategies for living with pain’, namely ‘Medication and self-control’, ‘Seeking spiritual support’, ‘Receiving social support’, ‘Exploring alternative treatments’ and ‘Adapting daily life’.ConclusionCoping strategies were adopted especially in achieving essential life aspirations and participating in preferred activities. Goals or activities were often adjusted to fall within their health limits. Acceptance and progress in life were considered more important than pain control. We recommend giving due consideration to the ‘self-coping strategies’ of individual patients in designing interventions to mitigate cancer pain.
Efficacy and safety of remimazolam tosylate for patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: a study protocol for a non-inferiority randomised controlled trial in China
Authors: Wang Dan , Cui Min , Wu Xue , Niu Min , Yu Tianhao , Zhang Yuzhu , Yue Yifeng , Wang Qingting , Xu Boxuan , Feng Nianhai , Si Jiguo 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionMaintaining haemodynamic stability is crucial but challenging during the induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia (GA) in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG). Remimazolam tosylate is a novel ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine with minimal cardiovascular depression. Currently, non-inferior studies comparing the haemodynamic changes induced by remimazolam and etomidate are limited. This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of remimazolam tosylate for the induction and maintenance of GA in patients undergoing OPCABG.Method and analysisThis two-armed non-inferiority randomised controlled trial will include 88 patients aged 18–75 years who are scheduled for OPCABG. Patients will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either remimazolam tosylate or etomidate and propofol for anaesthesia induction and maintenance. The primary outcome will be the fluctuation of mean artery pressure during anaesthesia induction. Secondary outcomes will include adverse events, adverse drug reactions, the cumulative dosage of vasoactive drugs, vital signs and bispectral index values at different time points, lengths of postoperative mechanical ventilation and tracheal intubation, lengths of intensive care unit stay and hospital stay and hospital mortality. Analyses will be conducted using both the intention-to-treat approach and the per-protocol approach.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Zibo Central Hospital (No. 2024001). The trial results will be submitted to an international peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberChiCTR.gov.cn: ChiCTR2400079615.
Nomogram model for predicting medication adherence in patients with various mental disorders based on the Dryad database
Authors: Pei Xiaoxian , Du Xiangdong , Liu Dan , Li Xiaowei , Wu Yajuan 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveTreatment compliance among psychiatric patients is related to disease outcomes. How to assess patient compliance remains a concern. Here, we established a predictive model for medication compliance in patients with psychotic disorders to provide a reference for early intervention in treatment non-compliance behaviour.DesignClinical information for 451 patients with psychotic disorders was downloaded from the Dryad database. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regression and logistic regression were used to establish the model. Bootstrap resampling (1000 iterations) was used for internal validation and a nomogram was drawn to predict medication compliance. The consistency index, Brier score, receiver operating characteristic curve and decision curve were used for model evaluation.Setting35 Italian Community Psychiatric Services.Participants451 patients prescribed with any long-acting intramuscular (LAI) antipsychotic were consecutively recruited, and assessed after 6 months and 12 months, from December 2015 to May 2017.Results432 patients with psychotic disorders were included for model construction; among these, the compliance rate was 61.3%. The Drug Attitude Inventory-10 (DAI-10) and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) scores, multiple hospitalisations in 1 year and a history of long-acting injectables were found to be independent risk factors for treatment noncompliance (all p<0.01). The concordance statistic of the nomogram was 0.709 (95% CI 0.652 to 0.766), the Brier index was 0.215 and the area under the ROC curve was 0.716 (95% CI 0.669 to 0.763); decision curve analysis showed that applying this model between the threshold probabilities of 44% and 63% improved the net clinical benefit.ConclusionA low DAI-10 score, a high BPRS score, multiple hospitalisations in 1 year and the previous use of long-acting injectable drugs were independent risk factors for medication noncompliance in patients with psychotic disorders. Our nomogram for predicting treatment adherence behaviour in psychiatric patients exhibited good sensitivity and specificity.
Impact of musculoskeletal joint complaints on quality of life in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Jamal Maha , Karreman Maren , de Bruijne Frederieke , Kuijper T. Martijn , Hazes J M , Lopes Barreto Deirisa , Weel Angelique E 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundMusculoskeletal joint complaints (MSCs) are the most common extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to investigate the effect of MSC on the health-related quality of life (QoL) in patients with IBD.DesignA survey-based cross-sectional study among adult Dutch IBD patients.SettingPrimary care, secondary care and patient association.ParticipantsIn total, 635 IBD patients were included. The mean age was 46.3 (SD 14.2) years, and 35% were male.OutcomeMSC was defined as suffering from any joint complaints. QoL was measured using the IBD questionnaire and a 36-item short form health survey questionnaire.MethodsA univariate analysis was performed to estimate the impact of various factors, such as demographic characteristics, setting, type of IBD and fatigue, which was followed by a multiple regression analysis to adjust for the confounding factors.ResultsOf the 635 IBD patients, 332 suffered from Crohn’s disease (CD) and 303 from ulcerative colitis (UC). After adjusting for confounding factors, MSC was independently associated with reduced QoL among IBD patients (β=−10.6, 95% CI −15.2 to −6.1), both in CD (β=−8.3, 95% CI −14.6 to −2.1) and UC (β=−13.9, 95% CI −20.5 to −7.3). 11% of the IBD patients had a rheumatological diagnosis. QoL in these patients was significantly lower compared with IBD patients with non-rheumatological MSC.ConclusionsIBD patients with MSC are associated with a lower QoL, explicitly in patients with a rheumatological diagnosis. Prospective research is necessary to evaluate the causality and suitable interventions to increase QoL in these multimorbid patients.
Trajectories of functional limitations, health-related quality of life and societal costs in individuals with long COVID: a population-based longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Wang Jiunn , Goodfellow Henry , Walker Sarah , Blandford Ann , Pfeffer Paul , Hurst John R , Sunkersing David , Bradbury Katherine , Robson Chris , Henley William , Gomes Manuel 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivesTo examine trajectories of functional limitations, fatigue, health-related quality of life (HRQL) and societal costs of patients referred to long COVID clinics.DesignA population-based longitudinal cohort study using real-time user data.Setting35 specialised long COVID clinics in the UK.Participants4087 adults diagnosed with long COVID in primary or secondary care deemed suitable for rehabilitation and registered in the Living With Covid Recovery (LWCR) programme between 4 August 2020 and 5 August 2022.Main outcome measuresGeneralised linear mixed models were fitted to estimate trajectories of functional limitations, using the Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS); scores of ≥20 indicate moderately severe limitations. Other outcomes included fatigue using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Fatigue (FACIT-F) reversed score (scores of ≥22 indicate impairment), HRQL using the EQ-5D-5L, and long COVID-related societal costs, encompassing healthcare costs and productivity losses.ResultsThe mean WSAS score at 6 months after registration in the LWCR was 19.1 (95% CI 18.6, 19.6), with 46% of the participants (95% CI 40.3%, 52.4%) reporting a WSAS score above 20 (moderately severe or worse impairment). The mean change in the WSAS score over the 6-month period was −0.86 (95% CI −1.32, –0.41). The mean reversed FACIT-F score at 6 months was 29.1 (95% CI 22.7, 35.5) compared with 32.0 (95% CI 31.7, 32.3) at baseline. The mean EQ-5D-5L score remained relatively constant between baseline (0.63, 95% CI 0.62, 0.64) and 6 months (0.64, 95% CI 0.59, 0.69). The monthly societal cost per patient related to long COVID at 6 months was £931, mostly driven by the costs associated with working days lost.ConclusionsIndividuals referred to long COVID clinics in the UK reported small improvements in functional limitations, fatigue, HRQL and ability to work within 6 months of registering in the LWCR programme.
‘Blue-lighting’ seizure-related needs in care homes: a retrospective analysis of ambulance call-outs for seizures in North West England (2014–2021), their management and costs, with community comparisons
Authors: Noble Adam J , Lane Steven , Lloyd Peter , Morris Beth , Bell Steve , Shillito Tom , Dixon Pete , Marson Anthony Guy 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivesWith a projected rise in care home residency and the disproportionate impact of epilepsy and seizures on older adults, understanding seizure-related needs in this population is crucial. Data silos and inconsistent recording of residence status make this challenging. We thus leveraged ambulance data to investigate seizure call-out incidence, characteristics, management and costs in care homes compared with the wider community.DesignRetrospective analysis of dispatch data from a regional English ambulance service over four 9-month periods between 2014/2015 and 2021/2022. Suspected seizures in adults (≥16 years) were identified, with data on location, patient age, severity and management extracted. Incidence rates, trends over time and case characteristics were compared. Costs of ambulance response were estimated, and factors influencing emergency department (ED) conveyance were analysed using logistic regression.SettingNorth West Ambulance Service National Health Service Trust, serving an adult population of ~5.5 million.ParticipantsDispatch data for 98 752 suspected seizure cases.ResultsCare homes, accommodating ~0.8% of the regional population, accounted for 7.2% of seizure call-outs. Incidence was higher in care homes than the wider community (55.71 vs 5.97 per 1000 person/year in 2021/2022) and increased over time. Care home cases peaked around 8:00–9:00. Despite similar or lower severity, they had a higher ED conveyance rate (78.3% vs 70.6%). Conveyance likelihood was influenced by factors beyond severity: reduced in homes specialising in learning disabilities (adjusted OR=0.649) and increased in homes with nursing provision (adjusted OR=1.226). Care homes accounted for 7.26% of the £24 million cost.ConclusionsThis study highlights the growing seizure-related needs in care homes. Despite similar severity, most cases result in ED conveyance. Future research should examine the appropriateness and implications of these transfers, ensuring specialist services support the care home population effectively.
Multicentre randomised controlled trial comparing Bankart repair with remplissage and Latarjet procedure in shoulder instability with subcritical bone loss (STABLE): study protocol
Authors: Khan Moin , Bedi Asheesh , Degen Ryan , Warner Jon , Bhandari Mohit 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionRecurrent shoulder dislocations often cause attrition of the labrum and progressive loss of the anterior bony contour of the glenoid. Treatment options for this pathology involve either soft tissue repair or bony augmentation procedure. The optimal management for patients with shoulder instability with subcritical bone loss remains unknown and current clinical practice is highly varied.Methods and analysisThe Shoulder instability Trial comparing Arthroscopic stabilisation Benefits compared with Latarjet procedure Evaluation (STABLE) is an ongoing multicentre, randomised controlled trial of 114 patients diagnosed with recurrent anterior shoulder instability and subcritical glenoid bone loss (10%–20%, measured on 3D CT using circle of best fit technique). Patients are randomised either arthroscopic capsuloligamentous repair (Bankart repair+remplissage) or open or arthroscopic coracoid transfer (Latarjet procedure). The primary outcome of this trial will be the between-group difference in the change from baseline to 24 months postintervention in Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index scores. Secondary outcomes include: (1) rates of recurrent shoulder dislocations and symptoms of instability up to 24 months’ postsurgery; (2) clinical outcomes measured by American Shoulder and Elbow Society score, Shoulder Activity Scale, EQ-5D and Patient Satisfaction Scale; (3) physical examination (range of motion, stability); (4) return to previous level of activity/sport; (5) rate of shoulder-related complications and serious adverse events.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol has been reviewed and approved by the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board (HiREB; project number 15998) prior to commencement of the trial. Results from the study will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal regardless of whether there are statistically significant findings.Trial registration numberNCT05705479; this study was prospectively registered on clinicaltrials.gov.
Biomedical research grant resubmission: rates and factors related to success – a scoping review
Authors: Lasinsky Anne M , Wrightson James , Khan Hassan , Moher David , Kitchin Vanessa , Khan Karim , Ardern Clare L 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivesMost first-time biomedical research grant applications are not funded. In the challenging research funding climate, resubmitting a grant application is a necessary task for scientists. Identifying which factors influence their decision to resubmit and the success of resubmissions will inform funders and applicants. However, data on resubmissions are fragmented and under-reported. In this scoping review, we aimed to summarise (1) the outcomes of resubmitting biomedical research grant applications and (2) the demographic characteristics of scientists who resubmitted grant applications.DesignScoping review with reporting informed by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.Data sourcesMEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Registrar of Controlled Trials CENTRAL, PsycINFO, Web of Science and grey literature sources were searched through November 2022.Eligibility criteriaWe included peer-reviewed and grey literature records from the biomedical sciences that reported outcomes of the resubmission process (eg, resubmission success rate, rate of resubmission) and information about the scientists who resubmit grant applications (eg, sex, race, career stage).Data extraction and synthesisData were extracted independently by two reviewers. The data were cross-referenced and any conflicts were resolved via consensus. Data were summarised descriptively and presented in tables and figures.ResultsResubmissions represented a substantial proportion of applications (lowest prevalence rate: 4%; highest prevalence rate: 56%) in a given funding cycle and were reliably more successful than first-time applications (lowest success rate: 16%; highest success rate: 82%)—a phenomenon associated with several sociodemographic, institutional and project-related factors. There was conflicting evidence about the relationship of sociodemographic-related, institution-related and project-related factors to resubmission likelihood and success.ConclusionThe resubmission process is a time-consuming and often frustrating experience for researchers. Our review identified opportunities to streamline and improve the process to enhance the biomedical research landscape.
Management of Post-transplant Infections in Collaborating Hospitals (MATCH) Programme: a prospective cohort of all transplant recipients at Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, Denmark
Authors: Esmann Frederik Viggo Lautrup , Zahid Sadaf , Moestrup Kasper Sommerlund , Normand Nick , Matthews Charlotte , Gustafsson Finn , Sengeløv Henrik , Perch Michael , Schultz Nicolai Aagaard , Sørensen Søren Schwartz , Hansen Jesper Melchior , Christensen Vibeke Brix , Murray Daniel D , Lundgren J , Crone Cornelia Geisler , Helleberg Marie 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThe Management of Post-transplant Infections in Collaborating Hospitals (MATCH) programme, initiated in 2011 and still ongoing, was created to 1) optimise the implementation of existing preventive strategies against viral infections in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients and allogenic haematopoietic stem-cell transplant (HSCT) recipients and 2) advance research in the field of transplantation by collecting data from a multitude of sources.ParticipantsAll SOT and HSCT recipients at Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, are followed in MATCH. By February 2021, a total of 1192 HSCT recipients and 2039 SOT recipients have been included. Participants are followed life long. An automated electronic data capture system retrieves prospective data from nationwide registries. Data from the years prior to transplantation are also collected.Findings to dateData entries before and after transplantation include the following: biochemistry: 13 995 222 and 26 127 817; microbiology, cultures: 242 023 and 410 558; other microbiological analyses: 265 007 and 566 402; and pathology: 170 884 and 200 394. There are genomic data on 2431 transplant recipients, whole blood biobank samples from 1003 transplant recipients and faeces biobank samples from 207 HSCT recipients. Clinical data collected in MATCH have contributed to 50 scientific papers published in peer-reviewed journals and have demonstrated success in reducing cytomegalovirus disease in SOT recipients. The programme has established international collaborations with the Swiss Transplant Cohort Study and the lung transplant cohort at Toronto General Hospital.Future plansEnrolment into MATCH is ongoing with no planned end date for enrolment or follow-up. MATCH will continue to provide high-quality data on transplant recipients and expand and strengthen international collaborations.