bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Baseline factors predicting a response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy with implications for non-surgical management of triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: van la Parra R F D , Tadros A B , Checka C M , Rauch G M , Lucci A , Smith B D , Krishnamurthy S , Valero V , Yang W T , Kuerer H M 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Background
Patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and a pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy may be suitable for non-surgical management. The goal of this study was to identify baseline clinicopathological variables that are associated with residual disease, and to evaluate the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on both the invasive and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) components in TNBC.

Methods
Patients with TNBC treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgical resection were identified. Patients with a pCR were compared with those who had residual disease in the breast and/or lymph nodes. Clinicopathological variables were analysed to determine their association with residual disease.

Results
Of the 328 patients, 36·9 per cent had no residual disease and 9·1 per cent had residual DCIS only. Patients with residual disease were more likely to have malignant microcalcifications (P = 0·023) and DCIS on the initial core needle biopsy (CNB) (P = 0·030). Variables independently associated with residual disease included: DCIS on CNB (odds ratio (OR) 2·46; P = 0·022), T2 disease (OR 2·40; P = 0·029), N1 status (OR 2·03; P = 0·030) and low Ki-67 (OR 2·41; P = 0·083). Imaging after neoadjuvant chemotherapy had an accuracy of 71·7 (95 per cent c.i. 66·3 to 76·6) per cent and a negative predictive value of 76·9 (60·7 to 88·9) per cent for identifying residual disease in the breast and lymph nodes. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy did not eradicate the DCIS component in 55 per cent of patients.

Conclusion
The presence of microcalcifications on imaging and DCIS on initial CNB are associated with residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in TNBC. These variables can aid in identifying patients with TNBC suitable for inclusion in trials evaluating non-surgical management after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Dejerine–Sottas disease in childhood—Genetic and sonographic heterogeneity
Authors: Hobbelink Sanne M. R. , Brockley Cain R. , Kennedy Rachel A. , Carroll Kate , de Valle Katy , Rao Padma , Davis Mark R. , Laing Nigel G. , Voermans Nicol C. , Ryan Monique M. , Yiu Eppie M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe nerve sonographic features of Dejerine‐Sottas disease (DSD) have not previously been described.MethodsThis exploratory cross‐sectional, matched, case–control study investigated differences in nerve cross‐sectional area (CSA) in children with DSD compared to healthy controls and children with Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 1A (CMT1A). CSA of the median, ulnar, tibial, and sural nerves was measured by peripheral nerve ultrasound. The mean difference in CSA between children with DSD, controls, and CMT1A was determined individually and within each group.ResultsFive children with DSD and five age‐ and sex‐matched controls were enrolled. Data from five age‐matched children with CMT1A was also included. Group comparison showed no mean difference in nerve CSA between children with DSD and controls. Individual analysis of each DSD patient with their matched control indicated an increase in nerve CSA in three of the five children. The largest increase was observed in a child with a heterozygous PMP22 point mutation (nerve CSA fivefold larger than a control and twofold larger than a child with CMT1A). Nerve CSA was moderately increased in two children—one with a heterozygous mutation in MPZ and the other of unknown genetic etiology.ConclusionsChanges in nerve CSA on ultrasonography in children with DSD differ according to the underlying genetic etiology, confirming the variation in underlying pathobiologic processes and downstream morphological abnormalities of DSD subtypes. Nerve ultrasound may assist in the clinical phenotyping of DSD and act as an adjunct to known distinctive clinical and neurophysiologic findings of DSD subtypes. Larger studies in DSD cohorts are required to confirm these findings.
Substrate Binding Drives Active‐Site Closing of Human Blood Group B Galactosyltransferase as Revealed by Hot‐Spot Labeling and NMR Spectroscopy Experiments
Authors: Weissbach Sophie , Flügge Friedemann , Peters Thomas 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCrystallography has shown that human blood group A (GTA) and B (GTB) glycosyltransferases undergo transitions between “open”, “semiclosed”, and “closed” conformations upon substrate binding. However, the timescales of the corresponding conformational reorientations are unknown. Crystal structures show that the Trp and Met residues are located at “conformational hot spots” of the enzymes. Therefore, we utilized 15N side‐chain labeling of Trp residues and 13C‐methyl labeling of Met residues to study substrate‐induced conformational transitions of GTB. Chemical‐shift perturbations (CSPs) of Met and Trp residues in direct contact with substrate ligands reflect binding kinetics, whereas the CSPs of Met and Trp residues at remote sites reflect conformational changes of the enzyme upon substrate binding. Acceptor binding is fast on the chemical‐shift timescale with rather small CSPs in the range of less than approximately 20 Hz. Donor binding matches the intermediate exchange regime to yield an estimate for exchange rate constants of approximately 200–300 Hz. Donor or acceptor binding to GTB saturated with acceptor or donor substrate, respectively, is slow (<10 Hz), as are coupled protein motions, reflecting mutual allosteric control of donor and acceptor binding. Remote CSPs suggest that substrate binding drives the enzyme into the closed state required for catalysis. These findings should contribute to better understanding of the mechanism of glycosyl transfer of GTA and GTB.
MSN‐on‐a‐Chip: Cell‐Based Screenings Made Possible on a Small‐Molecule Microarray of Native Natural Products
Authors: Peng Bo , Yu Changmin , Du Shubo , Liew Si S. , Mao Xin , Yuan Peiyan , Na Zhenkun , Yao Shao Q. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractStandard small‐molecule microarrays (SMMs) are not well‐suited for cell‐based screening assays. Of the few attempts made thus far to render SMMs cell‐compatible, all encountered major limitations. Here we report the first mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN)‐on‐a‐chip platform capable of allowing high‐throughput cell‐based screening to be conducted on SMMs. By making use of a glass surface on which hundreds of MSNs, each encapsulated with a different native natural product, were immobilized in spatially defined manner, followed by on‐chip mammalian cell growth and on‐demand compound release, high‐content screening was successfully carried out with readily available phenotypic detection methods. By combining this new MSN‐on‐a‐chip system with small interfering RNA technology for the first time, we discovered that (+)‐usniacin possesses synergistic inhibitory properties similar to those of olaparib (an FDA‐approved drug) in BRCA1‐knockdown cancer cells.
Angelica sinensis polysaccharide inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion by downregulating microRNA‐675 in human neuroblastoma cell line SH‐SY5Y
Authors: Yang Jing , Shao Xiaojun , Jiang Jian , Sun Yan , Wang Lingzhen , Sun Lirong 
Published: February 2018

AbstractNeuroblastoma is the most common tumor diagnosed in children and infants, with high recurrence and poor prognosis. Angelica sinensis polysaccharide (AP) whose average molecular weight is 72,900 Da possesses various bioactivities. We aimed to explore the effects of AP on neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells as well as the underlying mechanisms. Effects of AP on cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and expressions of long noncoding RNA H19 (lncRNA‐H19), microRNA (miR)‐675, and CD44 were assessed. Then, effects of miR‐675 overexpression on AP‐treated cells were analyzed. Next, expression of key kinases in the PI3K/AKT and JAK/ STAT pathways was detected. The possible target gene of miR‐675 was finally explored. Cell viability was reduced by 200–500 µg/mL AP. Meanwhile, AP repressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, but induced apoptosis. Expressions of lncRNA‐H19 and miR‐675 were upregulated in neuroblastoma cells, and were downregulated by AP. AP was also identified to upregulate CD44. We next found AP affected SH‐SY5Y cells through downregulating miR‐675. Key kinases in the PI3K/AKT and JAK/STAT pathways were downregulated by AP stimulation, while these downregulations were abrogated by miR‐675 overexpression. KIF1B isoform β (KIF1Bβ) is proved to be a target of miR‐675. In conclusion, AP was first identified to inhibit proliferation, migration, and invasion but induce apoptosis. Furthermore, AP might repress tumorigenesis of SH‐SY5Y cells through miR‐675‐mediated inactivation of the PI3K/AKT and JAK/STAT pathways. Besides, KIF1Bβ might be a target of miR‐675.
A superelderly case of TAFRO syndrome treated effectively using corticosteroid hormones
Authors: Shimada Yoshitaka , Adachi Mizuho , Kobayashi Noritada , Okada Takemichi , Yamazaki Hitoshi , Nagaba Yasushi , Yokomori Hiroaki 
Published: February 2018

Key Clinical MessagePeripheral lymphocyte subsets may be less time‐consuming and are a prognostic tool for managing thrombocytopenia, anasarca, myelofibrosis, renal dysfunction, and organomegaly (TAFRO) syndrome. Here, we report a superelderly case of plasma cell type TAFRO syndrome treated effectively using corticosteroid hormones.
Coccidioides immitis soft tissue infection mimicking pseudofolliculitis barbae
Authors: Gerstein Wendy , Ilieva Valeria 
Published: February 2018

Key Clinical MessageEndemic fungal infections can present atypically and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any soft tissue infection not responding appropriately to antibiotic therapy. Diagnosis can be confirmed with a biopsy. Most fungal soft tissue infections require extended duration of treatment.
Successful treatment of refractory TAFRO syndrome with elevated vascular endothelial growth factor using thyroxine supplements
Authors: Oka Satoko , Ono Kazuo , Nohgawa Masaharu 
Published: February 2018

Key Clinical MessageAlthough the clinical significance of hypothyroidism in TAFRO syndrome is unknown, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels decreased with improvements in the condition of our refractory TAFRO cases after thyroxine supplement therapy. Our results indicate that elevated VEGF levels are a potential factor in the pathogenesis and anasarca of TAFRO syndrome with hypothyroidism.
Parapelvic cysts mimicking hydronephrosis
Authors: Koratala Abhilash , Alquadan Kawther F. 
Published: February 2018

Key Clinical MessagePoint‐of‐care renal ultrasonography performed by physicians at bedside assists in rapid evaluation of hydronephrosis, nephrolithiasis and other structural abnormalities, and guides management. As such, it is important to differentiate between various renal pathologies that can mimic one another and herein, we present a case where parapelvic cysts mimicked hydronephrosis.
Fever in a transplant recipient: think beyond infection
Authors: Kamboj Mayanka , Chornyy Volodymyr , Koratala Abhilash , Santos Alfonso H. 
Published: February 2018

Key Clinical MessageImmune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is an exaggerated inflammatory cascade initiated in response to immune recovery during the resolution of an infection. Reduction in calcineurin inhibitor levels in organ transplant recipients due to enhanced metabolism from interaction with rifampin can predispose these individuals to develop IRIS during the treatment of tuberculosis and mimic sepsis.
Removal of brilliant green and malachite green from aqueous solution by a viable magnetic polymeric nanocomposite: Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of 2 dyes by PLS using original and first derivative spectra
Authors: Bagtash Maryam , Zolgharnein Javad 
Published: February 2018

AbstractHere, we describe the successful synthesis of a new magnetic nanocomposite and investigate simultaneous removal of 2 cationic dyes, brilliant green (BG) and malachite green (MG), from aqueous solutions. The nanocomposite is characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, and Fourier‐transform infrared spectrophotometry. The spectra of BG and MG in their mixture show severe overlapping. Therefore, partial least square (PLS) regression is applied for simultaneous determination of target dyes. The original and first derivative spectra of the binary mixtures are used to perform the optimization of the calibration matrices by the PLS method. According to statistical values, PLS on first derivative spectral data has given better results with respect to the original data. The coefficients of determination (R2) for the test data set were 0.998 and 0.9996; root mean square error of prediction values for BG and MG were 0.12 and 0.19, respectively. Furthermore, adsorption kinetics and effects of various variables such as solution pH, adsorbent amount, and initial dye concentration are investigated. Under optimized conditions (adsorbent mass, 0.08 g; solution pH, 8; and contact time, 60 min), equilibrium experimental data are represented by Langmuir, Freundlich, and Sips isotherms. Results briefly show that adsorption of dyes by nanocomposite obeys pseudo–second‐order kinetic model and Sips isotherm.
(Multi‐)Metallic Cluster Growth
Authors: Weinert Bastian , Mitzinger Stefan , Dehnen Stefanie 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis review article provides a survey of contemporary investigations on main group metal cluster formation, addressing homo‐ and heterometallic clusters (including small numbers of transition metal atoms), with or without an external ligand shell, thereby excluding clusters with non‐metal atoms as bridging ligands. Most of the studies reflected herein represent insights into the formation of intermediates from the starting material, or the final cluster formation from established intermediates. In rare cases, the entire process was suggested as a result of comprehensive, multi‐method elucidations. The article is to be understood as a state‐of‐the‐art report, as the subject matter is currently a rising field of research, which is still in its infancy, despite some early activities that date back to the 1980s. At the same time, the article intends to point toward both the importance and the feasibility of according studies, in order to encourage researchers to gain even more knowledge in this field. Only deep understanding of cluster formation will allow for design, and ultimately control, of their syntheses, with the long‐term goal of their optimization and purposeful application in catalysis or novel material synthesis.
Reactions of Metal–Carbon Bonds within Six‐Membered Metallaaromatic Rings
Authors: Zhou Xiaoxi , Zhang Hong 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMetallaaromatics represent a distinct and attractive class of heterocycles, which have greatly expanded the library of known aromatics. They have garnered extensive research interest on account of their unique properties, organometallic reactivity, and aromaticity. The metal–carbon bonds have been regarded as the most active reaction sites of metallaaromatics and a variety of related reactions have been demonstrated in the literature. This Minireview summarized recent findings on the reactivity of the metal–carbon bonds, mainly relevant to the representative metallaaromatics with six‐membered ring scaffolds. A series of reactions occurred on the metal–carbon bonds, including the nucleophilic addition reactions, nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions, electrophilic addition reactions, reactions with unsaturated compounds, and migratory insertion reactions, have been classified. These reactions demonstrate that the metal–carbon bonds of metallaaromatics can undergo typical reactions for both aromatic species and metal carbene/carbyne complexes. Meanwhile, the reactivity trends of the metal–carbon bonds are strongly affected by the metal centers and the effect of the corresponding substituents of metallacycles.
Ullazine Donor–π bridge‐Acceptor Organic Dyes for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Yanbing , Cheema Hammad , McNamara Louis , Hunt Leigh Anna , Hammer Nathan I. , Delcamp Jared H. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA series of four ullazine‐donor based donor–π bridge‐acceptor (D–π–A) dyes have been synthesized and compared to a prior ullazine donor‐acceptor (D–A) dye as well as a triphenylamine donor with an identical π–bridge and acceptor. The D–π–A ullazine series demonstrates an unusually uniform‐in‐intensity panchromatic UV/Vis absorption spectrum throughout the visible region. This is in part due to the introduction of strong high‐energy bands through incorporation of the ullazine building block as shown by computational analysis. The dyes were characterized on TiO2 films and in DSC devices. Performances of 5.6 % power conversion efficiency were obtained with IPCE onsets reaching 800 nm.
A Variety of Bond Analysis Methods, One Answer? An Investigation of the Element−Oxygen Bond of Hydroxides HnXOH
Authors: Fugel Malte , Beckmann Jens , Jayatilaka Dylan , Gibbs Gerald V. , Grabowsky Simon 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThere is a great variety of bond analysis tools that aim to extract information on the bonding situation from the molecular wavefunction. Because none of these can fully describe bonding in all of its complexity, it is necessary to regard a balanced selection of complementary analysis methods to obtain a reliable chemical conclusion. This is, however, not a feasible approach in most studies because it is a time‐consuming procedure. Therefore, we provide the first comprehensive comparison of modern bonding analysis methods to reveal their informative value. The element−oxygen bond of neutral HnXOH model compounds (X=Li, Be, B, C, N, O, F, Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl) is investigated with a selection of different bond analysis tools, which may be assigned into three different categories: i) real space bonding indicators (quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM), the electron localizability indicator (ELI‐D), and the Raub–Jansen index), ii) orbital‐based descriptors (natural bond orbitals (NBO), natural resonance theory (NRT), and valence bond (VB) calculations), and iii) energy analysis methods (energy decomposition analysis (EDA) and the Q‐analysis). Besides gaining a deep insight into the nature of the element−oxygen bond across the periodic table, this systematic investigation allows us to get an impression on how well these tools complement each other. Ionic, highly polarized, polarized covalent, and charge‐shift bonds are discerned from each other.
Clinical and mutational spectrum of highly differentiated, paired box 3:forkhead box protein o1 fusion–negative rhabdomyosarcoma: A report from the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Teot Lisa A. , Schneider Michaela , Thorner Aaron R. , Tian Jing , Chi Yueh‐Yun , Ducar Matthew , Lin Ling , Wlodarski Marcin , Grier Holcombe E. , Fletcher Christopher D. M. , van Hummelen Paul , Skapek Stephen X. , Hawkins Douglas S. , Wagers Amy J. , Rodriguez‐Galindo Carlos , Hettmer Simone 
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUNDPediatric paired box 3:forkhead box protein O1 fusion–negative (PF–) rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) represents a diverse spectrum of tumors with marked differences in histology, myogenic differentiation, and clinical behavior.METHODSThis study sought to evaluate the clinical and mutational spectrum of 24 pediatric PF– human RMS tumors with high levels of myogenic differentiation. Tumors were sequenced with OncoPanel v.2, a panel consisting of the coding regions of 504 genes previously linked to human cancer.RESULTSMost of the tumors (19 of 24) arose at head/neck or genitourinary sites, and the overall survival rate was 100% with a median follow‐up time of 4.6 years (range, 1.4‐8.6 years). RAS pathway gene mutations were the most common mutations in PF–, highly differentiated RMS tumors. In addition, Hedgehog (Hh) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) gene mutations with evidence for functional relevance (high‐impact) were identified in subsets of tumors. The presence of Hh and mTOR pathway gene mutations was mutually exclusive and was associated with high‐impact RAS pathway gene mutations in 3 of 4 Hh‐mutated tumors and in 1 of 6 mTOR‐mutated tumors.CONCLUSIONSInterestingly, Hh and mTOR gene mutations were previously associated with rhabdomyomas, which are also known to preferentially arise at head/neck and genitourinary sites. Findings from this study further support the idea that PF–, highly differentiated RMS tumors and rhabdomyomas may represent a continuous spectrum of tumors. Cancer 2018;124:1973‐81. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
Impact of the affordability of novel agents in patients with multiple myeloma: Real‐world data of current clinical practice in Mexico
Authors: Tarín‐Arzaga Luz , Arredondo‐Campos Daniela , Martínez‐Pacheco Victor , Martínez‐González Odra , Ramírez‐López Alba , Gómez‐De León Andrés , Gutiérrez‐Aguirre Cesar Homero , Cantú‐Rodríguez Olga , Jaime‐Pérez José Carlos , Gómez‐Almaguer David 
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUNDThe treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) has become costly and difficult to access for patients living in low‐income to middle‐income countries.METHODSThe current retrospective study included 148 patients in Mexico with newly diagnosed MM, and was performed to compare the outcomes of patients with and without access to novel agents. The records of 77 patients admitted to a public hospital (PubC) and 71 patients cared for within private health systems (PrivC) from November 2007 to July 2016 were reviewed.RESULTSCompared with those treated in PrivC, patients receiving care at PubC were more likely to be diagnosed with advanced disease. A thalidomide‐based regimen was the most common induction treatment used at PubC, whereas a bortezomib‐based regimen was used most often in PrivC. The median follow‐up was 41 months. Patients in PrivC demonstrated better response rates and survival; 65% of patients treated in PrivC versus 41% treated at PubC achieved a very good partial response or better (P = .005). The median progression‐free survival and median overall survival were 23 months and 51 months, respectively, for patients treated at PubC and 41 months and 79 months, respectively, for those treated in PrivC (P<.001). More patients underwent autologous stem cell transplantation in PrivC. When adjustments were made for covariates, patients treated at PubC experienced a higher risk of death compared with patients receiving care in PrivC (hazard ratio, 2.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.0‐4.3 [P = .04]).CONCLUSIONSStage at diagnosis, induction regimen, and autologous stem cell transplantation were found to be contributors to survival disparities between patients with MM treated at PubC compared with PrivC in Mexico. These findings underscore the need to improve access to novel agents and stem cell transplantation in public health systems. Cancer 2018;124:1946‐53. © 2018 American Cancer Society.