bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of media on the differentiation of Staphylococcus spp. by volatile compounds
Authors: Jenkins Carrie L , Bean Heather D 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus asymptomatically colonizes a third of the world’s population, and it is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause life threatening diseases. To diagnose S. aureus infections, it is necessary to differentiate S. aureus from the ubiquitous human commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis, which beneficially colonizes the skin of all humans. Efforts are underway to identify volatile biomarkers for diagnosing S. aureus infections, but to date no studies have investigated whether S. aureus and S. epidermidis can be reliably differentiated under a variety of growth conditions. The overall goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of growth medium on the ability to differentiate S. aureus and S. epidermidis based on their volatile profiles. We used headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS) to examine the headspace volatiles of S. aureus and S. epidermidis when aerobically grown in four different complex media. We detected 337 volatile features when culturing S. aureus and S. epidermidis in four complex media, termed the staph volatiles, and found only 20%–40% concurrence in the volatiles produced by these two species in any single medium. Using principal components analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis on the staph volatiles, we observed that S. aureus and S. epidermidis clustered independently from each other, and distinctly clustered by growth medium within species. Removing volatiles that are species and/or media-specific from the analysis reduced the resolution between species clusters, but in all models clustering by species overrode clustering by media type. These analyses suggest that, while volatile profiles are media-specific, species differences dominate the staph volatilome. These data enable future investigations into the identification of volatile biomarkers to discriminate staphylococcal pathogens versus commensals, which will improve staph diagnoses and provide insights into the biochemistry of staph infections and immunity.
Corrigendum to “A flexible affine 𝑀-sextic which is algebraically unrealizable”
Authors: Fiedler-Le Touzé S. , Orevkov S. , Shustin E. 
Published: August 2019

We prove the algebraic unrealizability of a certain isotopy type of plane affine real algebraic

M
M

-sextic which is pseudoholomorphically realizable. This result completes the classification up to isotopy of real algebraic affine

M
M

-sextics. The proof of this result given in a previous paper by the first two authors [J. Algebraic Geom. 11 (2002), pp. 293–310] was incorrect.
Fine-Needle Aspiration Features of BCOR-CCNB3 Sarcoma
Authors: Gajdzis Pawel , Laé Marick , Pierron Gaëlle , Brisse Hervé J , Orbach Daniel , Fréneaux Paul , Laurence Valerie , Klijanienko Jerzy 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectivesBCOR-CCNB3 sarcoma (BCS) is an undifferentiated tumor that has some clinical and morphologic similarity to classic Ewing sarcoma, but it is characterized by a distinct BCOR-CCNB3 gene fusion. There are no reports describing its cytomorphologic findings.MethodsWe describe cytologic findings of five molecularly proven BCS cases (four males and one female, aged 8.5-22 years).ResultsSmears showed mainly round cells, but some spindle cells and rhabdoid-like cells were also observed. Dispersed cells dominated in smears, but also distinct pseudopapillary structures with vascular cores were noted in four cases. Scant connective tissue fragments were found in four cases. There was no rosette formation in any case.ConclusionsBCS should be differentiated from other round cell tumors. Some cytologic features, especially rhabdoid-like cells, connective tissue fragments, and pseudopapillary formations, combined with immunohistochemical and molecular studies, may be helpful in making the appropriate diagnosis.
Association Between High FSH, Low Progesterone, and Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Women of Reproductive Age
Authors: Zhang Yi-Xin , Wang Lan , Lu Wen-Zhao , Yuan Ping , Wu Wen-Hui , Zhou Yu-Ping , Zhao Qin-Hua , Zhang Si-Jin , Li Yuan , Wu Tao , Jiang Xin , Jing Zhi-Cheng 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
While sex differences characterize susceptibility and severity of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH), our understanding of the relationship between levels of gonadotropins and sex hormones in fertile women and the disease is limited. We aimed to investigate whether gonadotropin and sex hormone levels in women of reproductive age were associated with risk and mortality of IPAH.

Methods
We did a matched case-control study. Cases were reproductive female patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension admitted in Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital (Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China) during 2008–2014. Healthy controls were matched on age and body mass index. We also did a prospective cohort study to assess the effects of hormone levels on mortality in IPAH fertile female patients.

Results
One hundred sixty-four cases and 133 controls were included. After adjustment for age and body mass index, the odds ratios of having IPAH for follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, and progesterone as expressed on natural log scale were 1.51 (95% confidence interval: 1.06, 2.16), 0.42 (0.31–0.57), and 0.52 (0.43–0.63), respectively. In the cohort study with a median follow-up of 77 months, the hazard ratios for dying after adjustment for baseline characteristics and treatments among IPAH patients were 2.01 (95% confidence interval: 1.22–3.30) and 0.78 (95% confidence interval: 0.62–0.98) for follicle-stimulating hormone and progesterone in natural log scale, respectively.

Conclusions
In reproductive women with IPAH, high follicle-stimulating hormone and low progesterone tended to be associated with high risk of IPAH and mortality among patients.
Calcium and metals are not evenly distributed in avian eggshells over their longitudinal section
Authors: Orłowski Grzegorz , Siekiera Joachim , Karg Jerzy , Tobolka Marcin , Wuczyński Andrzej , Kaługa Ireneusz , Siekiera Artur , Cyga-Döhner Roman , Dudzik Eliza 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWhether Ca and other micronutrients are equally distributed in an avian eggshell over its longitudinal section and what portion of these local resources are utilized by developing embryos are unanswered questions in avian reproductive physiology. Here, we measured the thickness and concentrations of Ca and 16 other chemical elements (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Se, and Sr) in 4 shell regions (sharp pole, equator, shoulder, blunt pole) of White Stork (Ciconia ciconia) eggs representing different stages of embryonic development, from unresorbed eggshells to almost fully resorbed ones (with near-to-hatch embryos). We found that unresorbed eggshells displayed several significant differences in the concentrations of 15 elements (Al, As, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Fe, K, Hg, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Se, and Sr) between various regions of the same shell. Only 2 metals (As and Ca) showed a cross-sectional decrease in concentrations from the sharp pole to the blunt one. In particular, we observed that unresorbed eggshells at the blunt pole were less calcified (with 2.4% less Ca) compared to the sharp pole. In contrast, the concentrations of 6 other metals (Co, Fe, Mg, Mn, Na, and Se) peaked in the relatively less calcified region of the blunt pole, where concentrations (such as Se) were up to 10 times as high as in other regions of unresorbed eggshells. Our findings highlight that eggshells over their longitudinal sections are not chemically homogeneous. Surprisingly, however, and contrary to our expectations, we found that unresorbed eggshells were thinner (2.1–5.9% less depending on the region) and at the same time more strongly calcified than resorbed eggshells. This suggests that some modification has occurred in the shell structure and raises the question of thin-shelled eggs in populations of wild birds.
Semi-blind sparse affine spectral unmixing of autofluorescence-contaminated micrographs
Authors: Rossetti Blair J , Wilbert Steven A , Mark Welch Jessica L , Borisy Gary G , Nagy James G 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Spectral unmixing methods attempt to determine the concentrations of different fluorophores present at each pixel location in an image by analyzing a set of measured emission spectra. Unmixing algorithms have shown great promise for applications where samples contain many fluorescent labels; however, existing methods perform poorly when confronted with autofluorescence-contaminated images.

Results
We propose an unmixing algorithm designed to separate fluorophores with overlapping emission spectra from contamination by autofluorescence and background fluorescence. First, we formally define a generalization of the linear mixing model, called the affine mixture model (AMM), that specifically accounts for background fluorescence. Second, we use the AMM to derive an affine nonnegative matrix factorization method for estimating fluorophore endmember spectra from reference images. Lastly, we propose a semi-blind sparse affine spectral unmixing (SSASU) algorithm that uses knowledge of the estimated endmembers to learn the autofluorescence and background fluorescence spectra on a per-image basis. When unmixing real-world spectral images contaminated by autofluorescence, SSASU greatly improved proportion indeterminacy as compared to existing methods for a given relative reconstruction error.

Availability and implementation
The source code used for this paper was written in Julia and is available with the test data at https://github.com/brossetti/ssasu.
A fast divide-and-conquer sparse Cox regression
Authors: Wang Yan , Hong Chuan , Palmer Nathan , Di Qian , Schwartz Joel , Kohane Isaac , Cai Tianxi 
Published: August 2019

SummaryWe propose a computationally and statistically efficient divide-and-conquer (DAC) algorithm to fit sparse Cox regression to massive datasets where the sample size $n_0$ is exceedingly large and the covariate dimension $p$ is not small but $n_0\gg p$. The proposed algorithm achieves computational efficiency through a one-step linear approximation followed by a least square approximation to the partial likelihood (PL). These sequences of linearization enable us to maximize the PL with only a small subset and perform penalized estimation via a fast approximation to the PL. The algorithm is applicable for the analysis of both time-independent and time-dependent survival data. Simulations suggest that the proposed DAC algorithm substantially outperforms the full sample-based estimators and the existing DAC algorithm with respect to the computational speed, while it achieves similar statistical efficiency as the full sample-based estimators. The proposed algorithm was applied to extraordinarily large survival datasets for the prediction of heart failure-specific readmission within 30 days among Medicare heart failure patients.
Genetic Increases in Olfactory Bulb BDNF Do Not Enhance Survival of Adult-Born Granule Cells
Authors: McDole Brittnee , Berger Rachel , Guthrie Kathleen 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAdult-born neurons produced in the dentate gyrus subgranular zone (SGZ) develop as excitatory hippocampal granule cells (GCs), while those from the subventricular zone (SVZ) migrate to the olfactory bulb (OB), where most develop as GABAergic olfactory GCs. Both types of neurons express TrkB as they mature. Normally ~50% of new olfactory GCs survive, but survival declines if sensory drive is reduced. Increases in endogenous brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus, particularly with wheel running, enhance dentate GC survival. Whether survival of new olfactory GCs is impacted by augmenting BDNF in the OB, where they mature and integrate, is not known. Here, we determined if increasing OB BDNF expression enhances survival of new GCs, and if it counters their loss under conditions of reduced sensory activity. Neurogenesis was assessed under normal conditions, and following unilateral naris occlusion, in mice overexpressing BDNF in the granule cell layer (GCL). OB BDNF levels were significantly higher in transgenic mice compared to controls, and this was maintained following sensory deprivation. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) cell birth dating showed that at 12–14 days post-BrdU, numbers of new GCs did not differ between genotypes, indicating normal recruitment to the OB. At later intervals, transgenic and control mice showed levels of GC loss in deprived and nondeprived animals that were indistinguishable, as was the incidence of apoptotic cells in the GCL. These results demonstrate that, in contrast to new dentate GCs, elevations in endogenous BDNF do not enhance survival of adult-born olfactory GCs.
Reliability Assessment of Some Regular Networks
Authors: Zhao Shu-Li , Hao Rong-Xia , Peng Sheng-Lung 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The generalized $k$-connectivity of a graph $G$ is a parameter that can measure the reliability of a network $G$ to connect any $k$ vertices in $G$, which is a generalization of traditional connectivity. Let $S\subseteq V(G)$ and $\kappa _{G}(S)$ denote the maximum number $r$ of edge-disjoint trees $T_{1}, T_{2}, \cdots , T_{r}$ in $G$ such that $V(T_{i})\bigcap V(T_{j})=S$ for any $i, j \in \{1, 2, \cdots , r\}$ and $i\neq j$. For an integer $k$ with $2\leq k\leq n$, the generalized $k$-connectivity of a graph $G$ is defined as $\kappa _{k}(G)= min\{\kappa _{G}(S)|S\subseteq V(G)$ and $|S|=k\}$. In this paper, we introduce a family of regular graph $G_{n}$ that can be constructed recursively and each vertex with exactly one outside neighbor. The generalized $3$-connectivity of the regular graph $G_{n}$ is studied, which attains a previously proven upper bound on $\kappa _{3}(G)$. As applications of the main result, the generalized $3$-connectivity of some important networks including some known results such as the alternating group network $AN_{n}$, the star graph $S_{n}$ and the pancake graphs $P_{n}$ can be obtained directly.
Global Prevalence and Bidirectional Association Between Psoriasis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease—A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Alinaghi Farzad , Tekin Hasan Göcker , Burisch Johan , Wu Jashin J , Thyssen Jacob P , Egeberg Alexander 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background and Aims
Epidemiological studies have established an association between psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], i.e. ulcerative colitis [UC] and Crohn’s disease [CD], but results are inconsistent. The aim of this study was therefore to quantify the prevalences and association between IBD and psoriasis.

Methods
PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched from database inception through April 2018 for studies reporting data on psoriasis among patients with IBD and vice versa. Meta-analysis was performed to estimate, respectively, the prevalences and association between IBD and psoriasis. Data extraction was according to the PRISMA guideline, and quality assessment was made using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The main outcomes were the proportion of psoriasis patients with IBD and vice versa, as well as the association (odds ratio [OR]) of IBD in psoriasis and psoriasis in IBD, respectively.

Results
Based on quantitative analysis of 93 studies, the prevalence of psoriasis in CD and in UC was 3.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.1%–4.6%) and 2.8% [95% CI 2.0%–3.8%] respectively. The prevalence of CD and UC was 0.7% [95% CI 0.2%–1.3%] and 0.5% [95% CI 0.3%–0.8%], respectively, among patients with psoriasis. Presence of CD or UC was significantly associated with psoriasis, with OR 2.0 [95% CI 1.4–2.9] and OR 1.5 [95% CI 1.2–2.0], respectively. Presence of psoriasis was significantly associated with CD: OR 2.2 [95% CI 1.6–3.1] and with UC: OR 1.6 [95% CI 1.3–2.0].

Conclusions
We found significant bidirectional associations between psoriasis and IBD, warranting increased awareness among clinicians in the diagnostic process, especially in children and adolescents with IBD. Last, this study showed an increased frequency of paradoxical psoriasis in patients treated with biologics.
Endovascular fenestration of aortic dissection membrane after failed frozen elephant trunk procedure
Authors: Raupach Jan , Chovanec Vendelin , Kozakova Veronika , Vojacek Jan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We report a case of a 51-year-old male with complicated acute type A aortic dissection who initially underwent a supracoronary and aortic arch replacement using frozen elephant trunk technique. False-lumen perfusion was revealed later which resulted in the collapse of the true lumen. Endovascular fenestration of the dissection flap was performed. True-lumen reperfusion with false-lumen regression was achieved. Endovascular fenestration using a re-entry catheter represents an efficient and safe treatment approach for this rare but serious complication.
Mitral chordae tendineae force profile characterization using a posterior ventricular anchoring neochordal repair model for mitral regurgitation in a three-dimensional-printed ex vivo left heart simulator
Authors: Paulsen Michael J , Imbrie-Moore Annabel M , Wang Hanjay , Bae Jung Hwa , Hironaka Camille E , Farry Justin M , Lucian Haley J , Thakore Akshara D , MacArthur John W , Cutkosky Mark R , Woo Y Joseph 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Posterior ventricular anchoring neochordal (PVAN) repair is a non-resectional technique for correcting mitral regurgitation (MR) due to posterior leaflet prolapse, utilizing a single suture anchored in the myocardium behind the leaflet. This technique has demonstrated clinical efficacy, although a theoretical limitation is stability of the anchoring suture. We hypothesize that the PVAN suture positions the leaflet for coaptation, after which forces are distributed evenly with low repair suture forces.

METHODS
Porcine mitral valves were mounted in a 3-dimensional-printed heart simulator and chordal forces, haemodynamics and echocardiography were collected at baseline, after inducing MR by severing chordae, and after PVAN repair. Repair suture forces were measured with a force-sensing post positioned to mimic in vivo suture placement. Forces required to pull the myocardial suture free were also determined.

RESULTS
Relative primary and secondary chordae forces on both leaflets were elevated during prolapse (P &lt; 0.05). PVAN repair eliminated MR in all valves and normalized chordae forces to baseline levels on anterior primary (0.37 ± 0.23 to 0.22 ± 0.09 N, P &lt; 0.05), posterior primary (0.62 ± 0.37 to 0.14 ± 0.05 N, P = 0.001), anterior secondary (1.48 ± 0.52 to 0.85 ± 0.43 N, P &lt; 0.001) and posterior secondary chordae (1.42 ± 0.69 to 0.59 ± 0.17 N, P = 0.005). Repair suture forces were minimal, even compared to normal primary chordae forces (0.08 ± 0.04 vs 0.19 ± 0.08 N, P = 0.002), and were 90 times smaller than maximum forces tolerated by the myocardium (0.08 ± 0.04 vs 6.9 ± 1.3 N, P &lt; 0.001).

DISCUSSION
PVAN repair eliminates MR by positioning the posterior leaflet for coaptation, distributing forces throughout the valve. Given extremely low measured forces, the strength of the repair suture and the myocardium is not a limitation.
Savings ownership and the use of maternal health services in Indonesia
Authors: Weon Soyoon , Rothwell David W , Nandy Shailen , Nandi Arijit 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), many women of reproductive age experience morbidity and mortality attributable to inadequate access to and use of health services. Access to personal savings has been identified as a potential instrument for empowering women and improving access to and use of health services. Few studies, however, have examined the relation between savings ownership and use of maternal health services. In this study, we used data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey to examine the relation between women’s savings ownership and use of maternal health services. To estimate the effect of obtaining savings ownership on our primary outcomes, specifically receipt of antenatal care, delivery in a health facility and delivery assisted by a skilled attendant, we used a propensity score weighted difference-in-differences approach. Our findings showed that acquiring savings ownership increased the proportion of women who reported delivering in a health facility by 22 percentage points [risk difference (RD) = 0.22, 95%CI = 0.08–0.37)] and skilled birth attendance by 14 percentage points (RD = 0.14, 95%CI = 0.03–0.25). Conclusions were qualitatively similar across a range of model specifications used to assess the robustness of our main findings. Results, however, did not suggest that savings ownership increased the receipt of antenatal care, which was nearly universal in the sample. Our findings suggest that under certain conditions, savings ownership may facilitate the use of maternal health services, although further quasi-experimental and experimental research is needed to address threats to internal validity and strengthen causal inference, and to examine the impact of savings ownership across different contexts.
Matrix of essential competencies in health promotion: a proposal for the Brazilian context
Authors: Moreira Maria Rosilene Cândido , Machado Maria de Fátima Antero Sousa 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The article presents a Matrix of Essential Competencies in Health Promotion, directed to the context of Brazilian health professionals (CompEPS). It is a methodological study, carried out from September 2017 to March 2018. The validation of the matrix was guided by the Delphi methodology, by electronic means, and the use of the Google Forms tool. Thirty-nine professors of Higher Education Institutions, with representation from all regions of the country, composed the panel of experts. The initial material that triggered the preparation of the Matrix was the European document originating from the Developing Competencies and Professional Standards for Health Promotion Capacity Building in Europe (CompHP) project, being analyzed in two rounds. The items were agreed when they reached the minimum of 80% agreement among the panelists. After obtaining a consensus regarding its content and textual clarity, the CompEPS Matrix was outlined in 45 core competencies grouped in nine domains, incorporating principles and foundations of Brazilian health policies and aligned with the documents guiding the health formative processes, conferring singularity and directed to the daily life of the actions carried out in collective health by professionals in Brazil. It is considered that the CompEPS Matrix will contribute to the qualification of the training in health and the certification of the competencies for the actions effectively promoters of health, carried out by the professionals in their diverse scenarios of performance.