bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐Term Results After Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy: A 15‐Year Follow‐Up
Authors: Schneider Ralph , Jäger Pia , Ommer Andreas 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe stapled hemorrhoidopexy is reported to have a low recurrence while treating the major hemorrhoidal symptoms of bleeding and prolapse. The aim of this study is to obtain long‐term results on the outcome of the stapled hemorrhoidopexy.MethodsAll patients with a hemorrhoidal disease grade III, who underwent stapled hemorrhoidopexy from May 1999–December 2003, were included. Data collection was based on a standardized telephone interview. In the questionnaire, we recorded information regarding the postoperative recurrence and severity of hemorrhoidal symptoms (defined as bleeding, prolapse, burning, itching and moisture), further hemorrhoidal treatments and functional results (incontinence, fecal urgency and outlet obstruction) as well as patients’ satisfaction.ResultsOf the 257 patients, who underwent stapled hemorrhoidopexy, follow‐up data were available in 140 patients. In 47.4% of the patients, a recurrence of at least one hemorrhoidal symptom was registered, whereas this recurrence was observed in 47.3% of these patients more than 10 years postoperatively. A surgical re‐intervention was necessary in 15.2%. We found a postoperative new incontinence in 15.5%, a fecal urgency in 28.0% and an outlet obstruction in 9.4%. Of all patients, 62.3% were “very satisfied” with the operation.ConclusionsThe results of the study revealed a relatively high recurrence of hemorrhoidal symptoms after a mean follow‐up of 15 years with a high recurrence rate more than 10 years postoperatively. In consideration of not negligible risk of incontinence, fecal urgency and outlet obstruction, the indication for a stapled hemorrhoidopexy should be made well considered. However, patients’ satisfaction is very high.
How Do Men in Treatment for Intimate Partner Violence Experience Parenting their Young Child? A Descriptive Phenomenological Analysis
Authors: Mohaupt Henning , Duckert Fanny , Askeland Ingunn Rangul 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Men who use intimate partner violence (IPV) often have challenges as caregivers such as poor understanding of children’s needs and emotions. There is little knowledge regarding their everyday-life experiences of being a parent. We interviewed 14 men in therapy for intimate partner violence on how they experienced their relationship to one of their children (mean age 4,5 years). We performed a descriptive phenomenological analysis. Informants seldom explored their children’s experience. They found that their fathering was influenced by past relationships and negative expectations for the future. The informants’ bodily experience of emotional arousal was described as difficult to control and understand and was a limited source for meaning making in the father-child relationship. The experience of being a good father was connected to presence and control of the child’s behavior. Informants felt that what they experienced as good parenting lacked others’ recognition. Interventions for partner-abusive men should address their fathering and focus on fathers’ life-experience and context as influencing their fathering. Therapeutic interventions should strengthen partner-abusive fathers’ awareness of and meaning making from their emotional arousal. Where safety permits, dyadic interventions aiming at re-establishing the child’s experience of safety in the father-child relationship should be considered by therapy providers as a complement to established interventions with partner-abusive men.
Affective representation and affective attitudes
Authors: Mitchell Jonathan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMany philosophers have understood the representational dimension of affective states along the model of perceptual experiences. This paper argues affective experiences involve a kind of personal level affective representation disanalogous from the representational character of perceptual experiences. The positive thesis is that affective representation is a non-transparent, non-sensory form of evaluative representation, whereby a felt valenced attitude represents the object of the experience as minimally good or bad, and one experiences that evaluative standing as having the power to causally motivate the relevant attitude. I show how this view can make sense of distinctive features of affective experiences, such as their valence and connection to value in a way which moves beyond current evaluativist views of affect.
The significance of retroflexion technique in the right colon on adenoma detection rates during colonoscopy
Authors: Shahawy Mohamed S. EL , Fayoumy Mohamed EL 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background and aim Right colon adenomas can easily missed with significant adenoma miss rate particularly when they are located behind the haustral folds and anatomical flexures. The aim of this study was to assess the significance of retroflexion technique in the right colon for improving adenoma detection rates compared with forward-view technique.
Methods A total of 200 patients scheduled for elective colonoscopy were recruited. During the standard forward-view examination, the colonoscope was withdrawn from the cecum to the hepatic flexure while under meticulous observation. Subsequently, the cecum was reintubated and the right side of the colon was assessed in the retroflexed-view to the hepatic flexure. The primary outcome of this study was comparison of the adenoma detection rates and adenoma miss rate of the retroflexed-view versus forward-view examination of the right colon.
Results Of the 200 enrolled patients, retroflexion was successful in 182 (91%). Forward-view examination of the right colon detected 88 polyps, of which 66 were adenomas yielding a polyp and adenoma detection rates of 25.5% and 19%, respectively. Additionally, retroflexion detected a further 30 polyps of which 23 were adenomas, accordingly improving the polyp and adenoma detection rates to 29.5% and 25%, respectively. Furthermore, the polyp and adenoma miss rate in the right colon was 24.1% and 25.8% respectively.
Conclusion Colonoscopy with right-sided retroflexion after forward-view examination significantly increases the detection of adenomas compared with standard forward-view examination with a high success rate and small risk of adverse events.
Long-Term Legacies and Their Challenges in the Age of Modern Curation at the University of Georgia
Authors: Roberts Thompson Amanda D. , Thompson Victor D. , Kappers Michiel , Schenk Kristine , Williams Mark 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTFormally established in the fall of 1947, the Laboratory of Archaeology at the University of Georgia is an archaeological research and collection repository. It is considered one of the premier institutions for curation of archaeological collections from the American Southeast. For over 70 years, the Laboratory has served as a repository for objects and associated records generated from archaeological projects and research undertaken by faculty, students, CRM professionals, and state and federal agencies. The Laboratory curates over 20,000 cubic feet of artifacts as well as paper and digital archives. In addition, the Laboratory houses the Georgia Archaeological Site File and manages data from more than 59,000 archaeological sites, including over 11,500 archaeological reports. In this paper, we explore implementation procedures for bringing legacy collections up to modern curation standards. We also outline how we migrate the data on paper records into the digital realm, articulating them within a comprehensive framework.
Samāǧaperformances in third/ninth-century Abbasid courts
Authors: Borroni Massimiliano 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLiterary sources from the Abbasid period record few descriptions of courtly masquerades and plays calledsamāǧa, which closely resemblesumozheplays from eighth-century China. On the basis of thesesamāǧadescriptions, the present paper argues that it is possible to understand howsamāǧaplays were carried out. Moreover, I argue thatsamāǧaperformances were a Central Asian custom imported to the Abbasid court with the establishment of the Turkish corps, and that its disappearance after the caliphate of al-Muʿtaḍid signals a substantial shift in the nature of the Turkish presence in the Abbasid heartland, marked by the establishment of themamlūksystem.
Blood reservoir function in patients with Fontan circulation and asplenia syndrome
Authors: Fuse Michitaka , Sugamoto Kenji , Kuwata Seiko , Sekiya Rika , Kawada Kohei , Toki Miku , Kaneko Masahiro , Iwamoto Yoichi , Ishido Hirotaka , Masutani Satoshi , Kenmochi Manabu , Saiki Hirofumi , Senzaki Hideaki 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSplanchnic circulation constitutes a major portion of the vasculature capacitance and plays an important role in maintaining blood perfusion. Because patients with asplenia syndrome lack this vascular bed as a blood reservoir, they may have a unique blood volume and distribution, which may be related to their vulnerability to the haemodynamic changes often observed in clinical practice. During cardiac catheterisation, the mean circulatory filling pressure was calculated with the Valsalva manoeuvre in 19 patients with Fontan circulation, including 5 patients with asplenia syndrome. We also measured the cardiac output index and circulatory blood volume by using a dye dilution technique. The blood volume and the mean circulatory filling pressure and the venous capacitance in patients with asplenia syndrome were similar to those in the remaining patients with Fontan circulation (85 ± 14 versus 77 ± 18 ml/kg, p = 0.43, 31 ± 8 versus 27 ± 5 mmHg, p = 0.19, 2.8 ± 0.6 versus 2.9 ± 0.9 ml/kg/mmHg, p = 0.86). Unexpectedly, our data indicated that patients with asplenia syndrome, who lack splanchnic capacitance circulation, have blood volume and venous capacitance comparable to those in patients with splanchnic circulation. These data suggest that (1) there is a blood reservoir other than the spleen even in patients with asplenia; (2) considering the large blood pool of the spleen, the presence of a symmetrical liver may represent the possible organ functioning as a blood reservoir in asplenia syndrome; and (3) if this is indeed the case, there may be a higher risk of hepatic congestion in patients with Fontan circulation with asplenia syndrome than in those without.
Foetal right atrial aneurysm and aortic coarctation with left ventricular dysfunction
Authors: Binka Edem , Baschat Ahmet , Jelin Angie Child , Lui Cecillia , Hibino Narutoshi , Vricella Luca , Sekar Priya 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAneurysms of the right atrium are rare in the paediatric population. We report a case of a foetal diagnosis of right atrial aneurysm with associated atrial tachycardia in foetal and postnatal life. Unique to our case are the findings of isolated pericardial effusion without hydrops fetalis and the development of aortic coarctation in postnatal life.
Isolated retroaortic innominate vein and right aortic arch: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Kohli Utkarsh 
Published: June 2019

AbstractRetroaortic course of left innominate vein is a rare venous anomaly which is usually associated with CHD. Isolated retroaortic innominate vein is exceedingly rare with only a handful of reported cases. We report an otherwise healthy newborn with isolated retroaortic innominate vein and right aortic arch, a combination which has previously not been reported.
Output and pollution abatement in a U.S. state emission function
Authors: Empora Neophyta , Mamuneas Theofanis P. , Stengos Thanasis 
Published: June 2019

AbstractUsing U.S. state-level data for the period 1973–1994, this study models the relationship between emissions, output and pollution abatement by defining an emissions function, in a manner that is consistent with the residual (emissions) generation mechanism and firms' optimizing behavior. It thus accounts for factors that were previously unaccounted for or addressed only individually. Applications using this comprehensive setting can offer more informed insights for policy-making, something that is particularly useful for developing countries that face the environmental degradation that comes together with the benefits of economic growth. Using nonparametric econometric techniques as well as threshold regression, the empirical results show that there is a positive nonlinear relationship between emissions and output, rejecting an inverted-U type of relationship between the two (the Environmental Kuznets Curve, or EKC). In the absence of abatement the relationship turns around, verifying the arguments in the literature that abatement is one of the driving forces for an EKC to emerge.
CUNTZ–KRIEGER ALGEBRAS AND ONE-SIDED CONJUGACY OF SHIFTS OF FINITE TYPE AND THEIR GROUPOIDS
Authors: BRIX KEVIN AGUYAR , CARLSEN TOKE MEIER 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA one-sided shift of finite type$(\mathsf{X}_{A},\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}_{A})$determines on the one hand a Cuntz–Krieger algebra${\mathcal{O}}_{A}$with a distinguished abelian subalgebra${\mathcal{D}}_{A}$and a certain completely positive map$\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}_{A}$on${\mathcal{O}}_{A}$. On the other hand,$(\mathsf{X}_{A},\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}_{A})$determines a groupoid${\mathcal{G}}_{A}$together with a certain homomorphism$\unicode[STIX]{x1D716}_{A}$on${\mathcal{G}}_{A}$. We show that each of these two sets of data completely characterizes the one-sided conjugacy class of$\mathsf{X}_{A}$. This strengthens a result of Cuntz and Krieger. We also exhibit an example of two irreducible shifts of finite type which are eventually conjugate but not conjugate. This provides a negative answer to a question of Matsumoto of whether eventual conjugacy implies conjugacy.
Promoting Gender Equality through Party Funding: Symbolic Policies at Work in Italy
Authors: Feo Francesca , Piccio Daniela R. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractGiven the growing importance of state subsidies as a source of party income, several countries have introduced policies that link the provision of party funding to the promotion of gender equality in political representation. Variations in the assignment of public funding—that is, financial incentives and cuts—are increasingly employed to promote equal gender participation in intraparty politics and in public office. However, we know little about why and how these equality promotion policies have been adopted in different countries, how they work in practice, and, most importantly, what effects they have on women's representation. To contribute to this debate, after embedding gender-targeted public funding regulations in the broader set of political representation policies and presenting a comparative overview of existing rules in the European Union, the article concentrates on the Italian case. We examine the evolution of Italian regulation of gender electoral financing and the extent to which the Italian parties have complied with the rules over time. The results show that this set of policy instruments, when poorly designed, is nothing more than symbolic policy. The lack of appropriate mechanisms for sanctions and rewards, which can induce parties to change their behavior, has hampered the effectiveness of these policy measures.
Numerical Algorithm for Detecting Ion Diffusion Regions in the Geomagnetic Tail With Applications to MMS Tail Season 1 May to 30 September 2017
Authors: Rogers A. J. , Farrugia C. J. , Torbert R. B. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe present a numerical algorithm to identify ion diffusion regions (IDRs) in the geomagnetic tail and test its applicability. We use five criteria applied in three stages. (i) correlated reversals (within 90 s) of Vx and Bz (at least 2 nT about 0; geocentric solar magnetospheric coordinates); (ii) detection of Hall electric and magnetic field signatures; and (iii) strong (≥10 mV/m) electric fields. While no criterion alone is necessary and sufficient, the approach does provide a robust, if conservative, list of IDRs. We use data from the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission spacecraft during a 5‐month period (1 May to 30 September 2017) of near‐tail orbits. We find 148 events satisfying Step 1, 37 satisfying Steps 1 and 2, and 17 satisfying all 3, of which 12 are confirmed as IDRs. All IDRs were within the X‐range [−24, −15] RE and the majority occurred during traversals of a tailward moving X‐line. Eleven of 12 IDRs were on the duskside despite approximately equal residence time in the plasma sheet (56.5% dusk vs. 43.5% dawn). MMS could identify signatures of four quadrants of the Hall B‐structure in three events and three quadrants in seven events. The events we report commonly display Vx reversals greater than 400 km/s in magnitude, normal magnetic field reversals often >10 nT in magnitude, maximum DC |
|, which are often well in excess of the threshold for Stage 3. Our results are then compared with the set of IDRs identified by visual examination from Cluster in the years 2000–2005.
Universal superconducting precursor in three classes of unconventional superconductors
Authors: Pelc D. , Anderson Z. , Yu B. , Leighton C. , Greven M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA pivotal challenge posed by unconventional superconductors is to unravel how superconductivity emerges upon cooling from the generally complex normal state. Here, we use nonlinear magnetic response, a probe that is uniquely sensitive to the superconducting precursor, to uncover remarkable universal behaviour in three distinct classes of oxide superconductors: strontium titanate, strontium ruthenate, and the cuprate high-Tc materials. We find unusual exponential temperature dependence of the diamagnetic response above the transition temperature Tc, with a characteristic temperature scale that strongly varies with Tc. We correlate this scale with the sensitivity of Tc to local stress and show that it is influenced by intentionally-induced structural disorder. The universal behaviour is therefore caused by intrinsic, self-organized structural inhomogeneity, inherent to the oxides’ perovskite-based structure. The prevalence of such inhomogeneity has far-reaching implications for the interpretation of electronic properties of perovskite-related oxides in general.
HIV-1 DNA sequence diversity and evolution during acute subtype C infection
Authors: Lee Guinevere Q. , Reddy Kavidha , Einkauf Kevin B. , Gounder Kamini , Chevalier Joshua M. , Dong Krista L. , Walker Bruce D. , Yu Xu G. , Ndung’u Thumbi , Lichterfeld Mathias 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLittle is known about the genotypic make-up of HIV-1 DNA genomes during the earliest stages of HIV-1 infection. Here, we use near-full-length, single genome next-generation sequencing to longitudinally genotype and quantify subtype C HIV-1 DNA in four women identified during acute HIV-1 infection in Durban, South Africa, through twice-weekly screening of high-risk participants. In contrast to chronically HIV-1-infected patients, we found that at the earliest phases of infection in these four participants, the majority of viral DNA genomes are intact, lack APOBEC-3G/F-associated hypermutations, have limited genome truncations, and over one year show little indication of cytotoxic T cell-driven immune selections. Viral sequence divergence during acute infection is predominantly fueled by single-base substitutions and is limited by treatment initiation during the earliest stages of disease. Our observations provide rare longitudinal insights of HIV-1 DNA sequence profiles during the first year of infection to inform future HIV cure research.
Local atomic order and hierarchical polar nanoregions in a classical relaxor ferroelectric
Authors: Eremenko M. , Krayzman V. , Bosak A. , Playford H. Y. , Chapman K. W. , Woicik J. C. , Ravel B. , Levin I. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe development of useful structure-function relationships for materials that exhibit correlated nanoscale disorder requires adequately large atomistic models which today are obtained mainly via theoretical simulations. Here, we exploit our recent advances in structure-refinement methodology to demonstrate how such models can be derived directly from simultaneous fitting of 3D diffuse- and total-scattering data, and we use this approach to elucidate the complex nanoscale atomic correlations in the classical relaxor ferroelectric PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3 (PMN). Our results uncover details of ordering of Mg and Nb and reveal a hierarchical structure of polar nanoregions associated with the Pb and Nb displacements. The magnitudes of these displacements and their alignment vary smoothly across the nanoregion boundaries. No spatial correlations were found between the chemical ordering and the polar nanoregions. This work highlights a broadly applicable nanoscale structure-refinement method and provides insights into the structure of PMN that require rethinking its existing contentious models.
SLR1 inhibits MOC1 degradation to coordinate tiller number and plant height in rice
Authors: Liao Zhigang , Yu Hong , Duan Jingbo , Yuan Kun , Yu Chaoji , Meng Xiangbing , Kou Liquan , Chen Mingjiang , Jing Yanhui , Liu Guifu , Smith Steven M. , Li Jiayang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe breeding of cereals with altered gibberellin (GA) signaling propelled the ‘Green Revolution’ by generating semidwarf plants with increased tiller number. The mechanism by which GAs promote shoot height has been studied extensively, but it is not known what causes the inverse relationship between plant height and tiller number. Here we show that rice tiller number regulator MONOCULM 1 (MOC1) is protected from degradation by binding to the DELLA protein SLENDER RICE 1 (SLR1). GAs trigger the degradation of SLR1, leading to stem elongation and also to the degradation of MOC1, and hence a decrease in tiller number. This discovery provides a molecular explanation for the coordinated control of plant height and tiller number in rice by GAs, SLR1 and MOC1.
Structural basis for the homotypic fusion of chlamydial inclusions by the SNARE-like protein IncA
Authors: Cingolani Gino , McCauley Michael , Lobley Anna , Bryer Alexander J. , Wesolowski Jordan , Greco Deanna L. , Lokareddy Ravi K. , Ronzone Erik , Perilla Juan R. , Paumet Fabienne 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMany intracellular bacteria, including Chlamydia, establish a parasitic membrane-bound organelle inside the host cell that is essential for the bacteria’s survival. Chlamydia trachomatis forms inclusions that are decorated with poorly characterized membrane proteins known as Incs. The prototypical Inc, called IncA, enhances Chlamydia pathogenicity by promoting the homotypic fusion of inclusions and shares structural and functional similarity to eukaryotic SNAREs. Here, we present the atomic structure of the cytoplasmic domain of IncA, which reveals a non-canonical four-helix bundle. Structure-based mutagenesis, molecular dynamics simulation, and functional cellular assays identify an intramolecular clamp that is essential for IncA-mediated homotypic membrane fusion during infection.