bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrospun nanofibrous membranes for solid‐phase extraction of estriol from aqueous solution
Authors: Nectoux Aline da S. , Medeiros Leonardo F. , Bussamara Rodrigues Roberta da S. , Duarte Soares Rosane M. , Fernandes Andreia Neves 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTNowadays, efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly materials for the removal of emerging contaminants from the aquatic environment have been sought. Electrospun nanofibrous membranes contain fibers with diameters of submicron or nanometer scale, making them very promising adsorbent materials for use in several areas. In this context, the present study aims to synthesize and apply polymeric nanofiber membranes for solid‐phase extraction of estriol from aqueous solution. Nanofiber membranes of poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) and polyamide‐6 (PA‐6) were tested as adsorbent materials and characterized by different techniques. The electrospinning time was evaluated, and the highest removal obtained for the PA‐6 nanofiber was 76.5%, spun for 100 min, whereas for the PCL nanofiber, 80% time‐independent removal was obtained. The thinner nanofibers had a larger contact area, therefore higher removals, except for the PCL nanofiber, which presented exposed beads on smaller thicknesses that impaired their efficiency. Furthermore, the nanofiber membranes have been applied for the determination of 1.0 mg L−1 of E3 in superficial water sample with satisfactory results. These aspects demonstrate that the synthesized nanofibers present an efficient material for the extraction of estriol: of high simplicity, low cost, and using green chemistry. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47189.
Structure and Function of the Armored Keel in Piranhas, Pacus, and their Allies
Authors: Kolmann Matthew A. , Urban Paulina , Summers Adam P. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTThe serrasalmids: piranhas, pacus, and their relatives, are ubiquitous Neotropical fishes with diverse diets, ecologies, and behaviors. Serrasalmids have a bony, serrated keel which lines the underbellies of these fishes, the structure for which the family is named. We examined the diversity and structure of the keel in piranhas and allies using micro‐computed tomography scanning in over 30 species of serrasalmids, a third of the species richness for the family, and for 95 total characiform specimens. The keel is highly diverse across serrasalmids, with serrae shape dictating the overall form of the keel. Serrae shape varies considerably among different species and even within keels themselves. The keel morphology can be divided into distinct anterior and posterior regions, as separated by the pelvic fins. Compared to other characiform fishes, serrasalmid skeletons are frequently damaged. Gouging perforations and signs of healing (serrae fusion) are common on the keel. We propose the keel is a defensive structure based on the high incidence of injury (>50%) in our dataset. This is the highest incidence of damage ever recorded in the skeletons of bony fishes. The loss of the anterior keel region in rheophilic taxa suggests competing performance demands and selective pressures on this structure. Competition and aggression among conspecifics or confamilials is a frequently invoked phenomenon for explaining animal weaponry and armor in terrestrial vertebrates. The keel in serrasalmids and other instances of armor in fishes could be complementary study systems for examining competitive rivalry in vertebrates. Anat Rec, 2018. © 2018 American Association for Anatomy.
A Comparison of the Cortical Structure of the Bowhead Whale (Balaena mysticetus), a Basal Mysticete, with Other Cetaceans
Authors: Raghanti Mary Ann , Wicinski Bridget , Meierovich Rachel , Warda Tahia , Dickstein Dara L. , Reidenberg Joy S. , Tang Cheuk Y. , George John C. , Hans Thewissen J.G.M. , Butti Camilla , Hof Patrick R. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTFew studies exist of the bowhead whale brain and virtually nothing is known about its cortical cytoarchitecture or how it compares to other cetaceans. Bowhead whales are one of the least encephalized cetaceans and occupy a basal phylogenetic position among mysticetes. Therefore, the bowhead whale is an important specimen for understanding the evolutionary specializations of cetacean brains. Here, we present an overview of the structure and cytoarchitecture of the bowhead whale cerebral cortex gleaned from Nissl‐stained sections and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in comparison with other mysticetes and odontocetes. In general, the cytoarchitecture of cetacean cortex is consistent in displaying a thin cortex, a thick, prominent layer I, and absence of a granular layer IV. Cell density, composition, and width of layers III, V, and VI vary among cortical regions, and cetacean cortex is cell‐sparse relative to that of terrestrial mammals. Notably, all regions of the bowhead cortex possess high numbers of von Economo neurons and fork neurons, with the highest numbers observed at the apex of gyri. The bowhead whale is also distinctive in having a significantly reduced hippocampus that occupies a space below the corpus callosum within the lateral ventricle. Consistent with other balaenids, bowhead whales possess what appears to be a blunted temporal lobe, which is in contrast to the expansive temporal lobes that characterize most odontocetes. The present report demonstrates that many morphological and cytoarchitectural characteristics are conserved among cetaceans, while other features, such as a reduced temporal lobe, may characterize balaenids among mysticetes. Anat Rec, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Anat Rec, 302:745–760, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Histological Development of the Fused Mandibular Symphysis in the Pig
Authors: Lee Eugenia , Popowics Tracy , Herring Susan W. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTThe development of the mandibular symphysis in late fetal and postnatal pigs, Sus scrofa dom. (n = 17), was studied as a model for the early fusing symphysis of anthropoid primates, including humans. The suture‐like ligaments occurring in species that retain a mobile symphysis are not present in the pig. Instead, cartilage is the predominant tissue in the mandibular symphysis prior to fusion. In late fetuses the rostrum of the fused Meckel's cartilages forms a minor posterior component of the symphysis whereas the major component is secondary cartilage, developing bilaterally and joined at the midline with mesenchyme. This remnant of Meckel's cartilage likely fuses with the flanking secondary cartilage. The overall composition of pig symphyseal histology in fetal and infant animals varies regionally and individually. Regions where the paired secondary cartilages abut in the midline resemble double growth plates. Chondrogenic growth in width of the symphysis is likely important in early stages, and central proliferation of mesenchyme is the probable source of new chondrocytes. Laterally, the chondrocytes hypertrophy near the bone fronts and are replaced by alveolar bone. Complete synostosis except for a small cartilage remnant had occurred in one 8‐week‐old postnatal specimen and all older specimens. Surprisingly, however, the initial phase of symphyseal fusion, observed in a 5‐week‐old postnatal specimen, involved intramembranous ossification of midline mesenchyme rather than endochondral ossification. Subsequently, fusion progresses rapidly at the anterior and labial aspects of the symphysis, leaving only a small postero‐lingual cartilage pad that persists for at least several months. Anat Rec, 302:1372–1388, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sensor Fault Diagnosis Based on a Sliding Mode and Unknown Input Observer for Takagi‐Sugeno Systems with Uncertain Premise Variables
Authors: Gómez‐Peñate Samuel , Valencia‐Palomo Guillermo , López‐Estrada Francisco‐Ronay , Astorga‐Zaragoza Carlos‐Manuel , Osornio‐Rios Roque A. , Santos‐Ruiz Ildeberto 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis paper presents the design of a
sliding mode and an unknown input observer for Takagi‐Sugeno (TS) systems. Contrary to the common approaches reported in the literature, which considers exact premise variables, this work deals with the problem of inexact measurements of the premise variables. The proposed method is based on a
criteria to be robust to disturbances, sensor noise and uncertainty on the premise variables. The observer convergence and stability are established by considering a quadratic Lyapunov function, which relies on a set of Linear Matrix Inequalities. Then, a dedicated observer scheme is considered to detect and isolate sensor faults. Finally, the performance and applicability of the proposed approach are illustrated through numerical experiments on a nonlinear model that represents the lateral dynamics of an electric vehicle.
Influence of the KBr matrix on the luminescence properties of CdTe quantum dots
Authors: Okrepka Galyna , Khalavka Yuriy , Seti Yulia 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe investigation of the luminescence properties of CdTe/KBr composites with encapsulated quantum dots (QDs) of different sizes was performed and the influence of the KBr matrix on the luminescence properties of CdTe QDs was studied. Encapsulation of nanoparticles by a solid matrix caused a bathochromic shift in the luminescence peak and the shift value was the larger the smaller the size of the quantum dots. Interband quantum transition theory was used to explain the influence of the matrix on the luminescence properties of the capsulated CdTe QDs. Theoretical calculations showed that the observed QD luminescence peak corresponded to a 1 s–1 s electronic transition, and its low‐energy shift after the transfer of QDs from dielectric water to the KBr matrix was due to a corresponding decrease in the depths of electrons and holes potential wells.
The Influence of Tin(II) Incorporation on Visible Light Absorption and Photocatalytic Activity in Defect‐Pyrochlores
Authors: Weiss Morten , Bredow Thomas , Marschall Roland 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe defect pyrochlore KTaWO6 has been used to systematically investigate the effect of SnII incorporation conditions on the band structure and subsequent photocatalytic properties. Different tin precursors show varying influence on the resulting band gap. While the optimum conditions diminish the band gap by up to 1.4 eV, the increase in visible light absorption does not correlate with an increase of photocatalytic activity.
The magic fumes of acetone
Authors: Jonas Albert , Rubner Isabel , Oetken Marco 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThermopapiere enthalten ein thermochromes Dreikomponentengemisch aus pH‐sensitivem Leukofarbstoff, schwach saurem Farbentwickler, eingearbeitet in ein aliphatisches Solvens als Schmelzpunktregulator. Acetondämpfe sind in der Lage die feste Phase des Solvens aufzulösen und die Entwicklermoleküle zu mobilisieren, womit diese neue Wechselwirkungen zu den Molekülen des Leukofarbstoffs ausbilden können. Der metastabile farbintensive Entwickler‐Farbstoff‐Komplex wird gebildet, das Thermopapier färbt sich schwarz. Erneutes Aufdampfen an die bereits geschwärzte Stelle des Thermopapiers führt zur Auflösung des Entwickler‐Farbstoff‐Komplexes und damit zur Rückbildung der farblosen Form des Farbstoffs. Dieser Versuch zeigt anschaulich das Wechselspiel der konkurrierenden binären Wechselwirkungen in Thermopapier von Farbstoff‐Entwickler einerseits und Entwickler‐Solvens andererseits. Gleichzeitig bietet er einen für den Chemieunterricht spannenden Einstieg in die Thematik um thermochrome Gemische.
Return to work after breast cancer diagnosis: An observational prospective study in Brazil
Authors: Landeiro Luciana C. G. , Gagliato Debora M. , Fêde Angelo B. , Fraile Natalia M. , Lopez Rossana M. , da Fonseca Leonardo G. , Petry Vanessa , Testa Laura , Hoff Paulo M. , Mano Max S. 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundIn North America and Europe, return‐to‐work (RTW) rates vary among breast cancer (BC) survivors, from 24% to 66% and from 53% to 82% at 6 and 36 months after diagnosis, respectively. To date, there is a lack of data on RTW rates after BC diagnosis in Latin America. Therefore, the primary objectives of this study were to define RTW rates at 12 and 24 months after BC diagnosis and to identify the factors associated with RTW in this population.MethodsIn total, 125 employed women from a single institution with newly diagnosed BC were interviewed by telephone at 6, 12, and 24 months after diagnosis. Those who had inoperable or metastatic disease were excluded.ResultsOverall, RTW rates were 30.3% and 60.4% at 12 and 24 months after BC diagnosis, respectively. Most women reported that they received support from their employer, but only 29.1% reported having been offered work adjustments. In multivariate analysis, the factors associated with positive RTW outcomes included higher household income (odds ratio [OR], 17.76; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.33‐94.75; P = .001), breast‐conserving surgery (OR, 9.77; 95% CI, 2.03‐47.05; P = .004), and work adjustments (OR, 37.62; 95% CI, 2.03‐47.05; P = .004). The factors associated with negative RTW outcomes included adjuvant endocrine therapy (OR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.02‐0.74; P = .023), and depression diagnosed after BC (OR, 0.07; 95% CI, 0.01‐0.63; P = .017).ConclusionsRTW rates in the current study were lower than those observed in developed countries but similar to the rates among low‐income Americans. Workplace adjustments, higher income, breast‐conserving surgery, endocrine therapy, and depression after BC played an important role in the RTW decision.
Ablation of ErbB4 in parvalbumin‐positive interneurons inhibits adult hippocampal neurogenesis through down‐regulating BDNF/TrkB expression
Authors: Zhang Heng , He Xiao , Mei Yufei , Ling Qingzhou 
Published: October 2018

AbstractParvalbumin (PV) positive interneurons in the subgranular zone (SGZ) can regulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis. ErbB4 is mainly expressed in PV neurons in the hippocampus and is crucial for keeping normal function of PV neurons. However, whether ErbB4 in PV interneurons affects the adult hippocampal neurogenesis remains unknown. In the present study, we deleted ErbB4 specifically in PV neurons by crossing PV‐Cre mice with ErbB4f/f mice. Results of BrdU labeling and NeuN staining revealed that the proliferation of neural progenitors was increased but the survival and maturation of newborn neurons were decreased in the hippocampus of mice after deleting ErbB4 in PV neurons, suggesting that ErbB4 in PV neurons is closely associated with the process of adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Interestingly, the expression of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor, tropomyosin‐related kinase B (TrkB), was significantly decreased in the hippocampus of ErbB4‐deleted mice. Together, our data suggested that ErbB4 in PV neurons might modulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis by affecting BDNF–TrkB signaling pathway.
Studying Glycolytic Oscillations in Individual Yeast Cells by Combining Fluorescence Microscopy with Microfluidics and Optical Tweezers
Authors: Gustavsson Anna‐Karin , Banaeiyan Amin A. , van Niekerk David D. , Snoep Jacky L. , Adiels Caroline B. , Goksör Mattias 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this unit, we provide a clear exposition of the methodology employed to study dynamic responses in individual cells, using microfluidics for controlling and adjusting the cell environment, optical tweezers for precise cell positioning, and fluorescence microscopy for detecting intracellular responses. This unit focuses on the induction and study of glycolytic oscillations in single yeast cells, but the methodology can easily be adjusted to examine other biological questions and cell types. We present a step‐by‐step guide for fabrication of the microfluidic device, for alignment of the optical tweezers, for cell preparation, and for time‐lapse imaging of glycolytic oscillations in single cells, including a discussion of common pitfalls. A user who follows the protocols should be able to detect clear metabolite time traces over the course of up to an hour that are indicative of dynamics on the second scale in individual cells during fast and reversible environmental adjustments. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Pharmacokinetics of a Lobeglitazone/Metformin Fixed‐Dose Combination Tablet (CKD‐395 0.5/1000 mg) Versus Concomitant Administration of Single Agents and the Effect of Food on the Metabolism of CKD‐395 in Healthy Male Subjects
Authors: Kim Sun‐Young , Jeon Ji‐Young , Park Shin Jung , Kim Min‐Gul 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis study aimed to compare the pharmacokinetic profile of combined CKD‐395 0.5/1000 mg treatment with that of the coadministration of lobeglitazone sulfate 0.5 mg and metformin hydrochloride (HCl) extended‐release (XR) 1000 mg and assess the effect of food on the pharmacokinetics of CKD‐395 0.5/1000 mg. Two clinical trials were conducted as part of an open‐label, single‐dose, randomized, 2‐period, 2‐sequence crossover study. In study 1, a total of 26 subjects received either CKD‐395 0.5/1000 mg as a test drug or coadministration of lobeglitazone sulfate 0.5 mg and metformin HCl XR 1000 mg individually as a reference treatment under fed conditions. In study 2, a total of 16 subjects received CKD‐395 0.5/1000 mg treatment under either fasted or fed conditions. Blood samples were collected at intervals from 0 to 48 hours. In study 1, the geometric mean ratios and 90% confidence intervals of pharmacokinetic parameters for lobeglitazone and metformin were all within 80%–125% in the fed condition. In study 2, there were no high‐fat meal effects on the area under the curve extending up to the last sampling time (AUClast) of lobeglitazone, but there was a decrease in the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of lobeglitazone by approximately 32% in the fed condition. Although the AUClast of metformin increased by approximately 70% in the fed condition, there was no effect of food on the Cmax of metformin, which is consistent with the already‐established food effect on metformin HCl XR. No adverse drug reactions or serious adverse events were observed. This study suggests that CKD‐395 0.5/1000 mg exhibits similar exposure and absorption rates to coadministration of single agents and is well tolerated under both fasted and fed conditions.
Gel Formed by Self‐Assembly of a Urea‐Modified Monopyrrolotetrathiafulvalene Derivative Displays Multi‐Stimuli Responsiveness and Absorption of Rhodamine B
Authors: Liu Yucun , Liu Lihui , Zhu Enwei , Yue Mingwei , Gao Chunyu , Wu Xiaoxu , Che Guangbo , Liu Hongbo 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA new monopyrrolotetrathiafulvalene‐based derivative containing a urea group was designed, synthesized and thoroughly characterized. It proved to be a non‐gelator in a single solvent even when heated or sonicated. However, it could self‐assemble in a CHCl3 (CH2Cl2)/n‐hexane mixture to form a thermo‐responsive supramolecular organogel. SEM, FT‐IR spectroscopy, UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy, and SAXS revealed that in the organogel system, the gelators self‐assembled into supramolecular networks with a J‐type aggregation mode under the joint effect of π–π stacking, intermolecular hydrogen‐bonding, and van der Waals forces. Interestingly, the gel phase was shown to undergo reversible gel‐sol transformation induced by Fe3+‐Vitamin C (Vc), trifluoroacetic acid‐triethylamine (TFA‐TEA) and picric acid (PA)‐NaOH. In particular, in the presence of picric acid, the experimental results proposed that charge transfer occurred from the electron‐donor gelator to the electron‐acceptor picric acid due to the possibility of complex formation. Furthermore, the formed organogel could behave as the matrix for encapsulating cationic fluorescent dye from wastewater, and the adsorption efficiency was directly proportional to the concentration of the gelator.
CD200 is a useful marker in the diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Mora Alba , Bosch Rosa , Cuellar Carolina , Vicente Eva Puy , Blanco Laura , Martino Rodrigo , Ubeda José M. , Sierra Jorge , Moreno Carol , Nomdedeu Josep 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundThe diagnosis of CLL is supported by a typical morphology and immunophenotype and usually does not present difficulties. Nevertheless, some patients with CLL can show an atypical phenotype, this raising the possibility of a lymphoproliferative disorder other than CLL. It has been recently shown that the expression of CD200 could be a rather consistent marker for CLL.MethodsThe expression of CD200 was investigated in 120 consecutive patients with B‐cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (B‐CLPD) (65 cases diagnosed as typical CLL, 16 atypical CLL, and 39 non‐CLL before entering the study) by using multiparametric flow cytometry with four color combinations. CD200 was analyzed as percentage of positive cells (≥30%) and MFIR expression. ROC curves were used to determine the cut‐off for the CD200 MFIR. Matutes score (MS) was used as comparator.ResultsAll 81 (100%) patients classified as CLL and 25 of 39 (64.1%) classified as non‐CLL expressed high CD200 expression (≥30%). CD200 expression showed a high sensitivity (100%) and a low specificity (35.9%), and the accuracy was similar to that of Matutes score markers (range: 79.2%–86.7%); except SmIg that was 59.1%. The addition of CD200 to the Matutes score correctly identified 74 of 81 (91.4%) CLL cases including 9 of 16 atypical CLL cases. As per non CLL cases, 37 of 39 (94.9%) were correctly diagnosed by the modified system. Altogether, CD200 improved the diagnostic accuracy of Matutes score from 86.7% to 92.5% (P < .01).ConclusionThese results show that CD200 is a valuable, albeit not specific, CLL diagnostic marker. © 2018 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Functional attributes of ungulate migration: landscape features facilitate movement and access to forage
Authors: Monteith Kevin L. , Hayes Matthew M. , Kauffman Matthew J. , Copeland Holly E. , Sawyer Hall 
Published: October 2018

AbstractLong‐distance migration by terrestrial mammals is a phenomenon critical to the persistence of populations, but such migrations are declining globally because of over‐harvest, habitat loss, and movement barriers. Increasingly, there is a need to improve existing routes, mitigate route segments affected by anthropogenic disturbance, and in some instances, determine whether alternative routes are available. Using a hypothesis‐driven approach, we identified landscape features associated with the primary functional attributes, stopovers and movement corridors, of spring migratory routes for mule deer in two study areas using resource selection functions. Patterns of selection for landscape attributes of movement corridors and stopovers mostly were similar; however, landscape features associated with movement corridors aligned better with areas that facilitated movement, whereas selection of stopovers was consistent with sites offering early access to spring forage. For movement corridors, deer selected for dry sites, low elevation, and low anthropogenic disturbance. For stopovers, deer selected for dry sites, with consistently early green‐up across years, south‐southwesterly aspects, low elevation, and low anthropogenic disturbance. Stopovers and movement corridors of a migratory route presumably promote different functions, but for a terrestrial migrant, patterns of habitat selection indicate that the same general habitat attributes may facilitate both movement and foraging in spring. Our findings emphasize the roles of topographical wetness, vegetation phenology, and anthropogenic disturbance in shaping use of the landscape during migration for this large herbivore. Avoiding human disturbance and tracking ephemeral forage resources appear to be a consistent pattern during migration, which reinforces the notion that movement during migration has a nutritional underpinning and disturbance potentially alters the net benefits of migration.