bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous Component Ratio and Particle Size Optimization for High‐Performance and High Tap Density P2/P3 Composite Cathode of Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Dong , Chen Hui , Zheng Xiaomei , Qiu Lang , Qu Jie , Wu Zhenguo , Zhong Yanjun , Xiang Wei , Zhong Benhe , Guo Xiaodong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe composite structure materials in sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) have received increasing attentions due to the synergistic effect. P2/P3 composite cathode with the advantages of high reversible capacity and superior reaction kinetics was regarded as one of the promising cathodes for SIBs. Crystal phase component ratio and particle morphology of hybrid structures are closely related with the electrochemical performance, especially the energy density. Herein, P2/P3 hybrid structure materials Na0.6Mn1‐xNixO2 were synthesized by co‐precipitation method. Furthermore, the component ratio and particle size are tuned and realized via simple Ni2+ content optimization. The targeted sample Na0.6Mn0.75Ni0.25O2 shows high tap density over 1.2 g cm−3 and excellent electrical properties with an initial capacity of 101.36 mA h g−1 at 0.2 C, corresponding to a high volumetric energy density of 512 Wh L−1 based on the cathode active material. Moreover, the long‐term cycling capacity retention can reach 68 % at 1 C after 500 cycles. The present study develops a promising cathode of SIBs that maybe applied in low‐speed electric vehicles. And the simultaneous optimization design represents a potential route for the regulation of composite structures to obtain high performance SIBs.
20 Years of Schnapps in Educating Chemical‐Engineering Students
Authors: Pfennig Andreas 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn the so‐called Branntwein AG chemical‐engineering bachelor students first produce wine from a chosen type of fruit, which is then distilled twice to arrive at schnapps as the final product. Before performing the process, the required steps are designed based on an adequate mathematical representation. Besides these engineering skills, soft skills are practiced like team work, project management, and budget planning. During meanwhile 20 Branntwein AGs this course has proven to be an excellent means to inspire chemical‐engineering students and also to promote chemical engineering to the public.
Survival outcomes in patients with gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinomas treated with perioperative chemotherapy with or without preoperative radiotherapy
Authors: Tian Sibo , Jiang Renjian , Madden Nicholas A. , Ferris Matthew J. , Buchwald Zachary S. , Xu Karen M. , Cardona Kenneth , Maithel Shishir K. , McDonald Mark W. , Lin Jolinta Y. , Curran Walter J. , El‐Rayes Bassel F. , Behera Madhusmita , Patel Pretesh R. 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundPerioperative chemotherapy (POC) is one standard approach for the treatment of resectable cancers of the stomach and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ), whereas there has been growing interest in preoperative therapies. The objective of the current study was to compare survival between patients treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy (PCRT) with those receiving POC using a large database.MethodsThe National Cancer Data Base was queried for patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2013 with American Joint Committee on Cancer clinical group stage IB to stage IIIC (excluding T2N0 disease) adenocarcinoma of the stomach or GEJ. Patients treated with definitive surgery and POC with or without preoperative radiotherapy of 41 to 54 Gy were included. Overall survival (OS) was defined from the date of definitive surgery and estimated using the Kaplan‐Meier method. A total of 14 patient and treatment variables were used for propensity score matching (PSM).ResultsA total of 1048 patients were analyzed: 53.2% received POC and 46.8% received PCRT. The primary tumor site was the GEJ in 69.1% of patients and stomach in 30.9% of patients. The median age of the patients was 60 years, and the median follow‐up was 25.8 months. The use of PCRT was associated with a greater pathologic complete response rate of 13.1% versus 8.2% (P = .01). POC was associated with a decreased risk of death in unmatched groups (hazard ratio [HR], 0.83; P = .043). Using PSM cohorts, POC decreased the risk of death with a median OS of 45.1 months versus 31.4 months (HR, 0.70; P = .016). The 2‐year OS rate was 72.9% versus 62.5% and the 5‐year OS rate was 40.7% versus 33.1% for POC versus PCRT, respectively. Survival favored POC in PSM gastric (HR, 0.41; P = .07) and GEJ (HR, 0.77; P = .08) patient subgroups.ConclusionsThe addition of preoperative radiotherapy to POC appears to be associated with an increased risk of death in patients with resectable gastric and GEJ cancers.
Efficient opportunistic routing with social context awareness for distributed mobile social networks
Authors: Xu Fang , Xiao Nan , Deng Min , Xie Yong , Xiong Zenggang , Xu Qiong 
Published: September 2019

SummaryMobile social networks (MSNs) are developed from mobile ad hoc networks. Nodes in such networks usually have social characteristics. In recent years, researchers are trying to use the social characteristics of the network to propose new data forwarding metrics, so as to design more efficient routing algorithms. However, most of the proposed algorithms only consider local context information, which leads to the performance of the routing is not optimized enough. In this paper, we introduce two key metrics, namely, social relationship and social activity. The metrics will be used to search the best data forwarding nodes to improve the probability of data delivery. We propose a prediction‐based social‐aware opportunistic routing (PSOR). In the proposed method, node's social profiles are used to search relay candidates set, and the discrete‐time semi‐Markov prediction model is used to find the probability distribution of node transition between communities. Many simulation experiments based on real traces show that the proposed PSOR algorithm is more efficient to maximize the packet delivery probability than other state‐of‐the‐art algorithms.
REScO3 Substrates—Purveyors of Strain Engineering
Authors: Klimm Detlef , Guguschev Christo , Ganschow Steffen , Bickermann Matthias , Schlom Darrell G. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe thermodynamic and crystallographic background for the development of substrate crystals that are suitable for the epitaxial deposition of biaxially strained functional perovskite layers is reviewed. In such strained layers the elastic energy delivers an additional contribution to the Gibbs free energy, which allows the tuning of physical properties and phase transition temperatures to desired values. For some oxide systems metastable phases can even be accessed. Rare‐earth scandates, REScO3, are well suited as substrate crystals because they combine mechanical and chemical stability in the epitaxy process with an adjustable range of pseudo‐cubic lattice parameters in the 3.95 to 4.02 Å range. To further tune the lattice parameters, chemical substitution for the RE or Sc is possible.
Diatom responses to long‐term climate and sea‐level rise at a low‐elevation lake in coastal British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Neil Karen , Lacourse Terri 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDiatom assemblages from Lake Stowell, a low‐elevation lake in coastal British Columbia, were used to assess limnological responses associated with changes in relative sea level (RSL) and climate over the past 14,500 yr. Marine diatom taxa dominated the early record and disappeared abruptly by 14,000 cal yr BP in response to glacio‐isostatic uplift and an ensuing decrease in RSL. A brackish‐freshwater phase from 14,200 to 13,400 cal yr BP was marked by increases in several diatom taxa with tolerance for low‐to‐moderate salinity, after which assemblages became strictly freshwater. Biostratigraphic changes in both diatom and chironomid assemblages from Lake Stowell occurred more or less simultaneously throughout the record in response to long‐term changes in climate forcings, such as temperature. Increases in cold‐adapted diatom (Staurosirella pinnata, Staurosira construens, Staurosirella dubia) and chironomid (Sergentia) taxa between 12,900 and 11,700 cal yr BP coincided with Younger Dryas cooling, suggesting a direct link with summer temperature. Shifts in aquatic biota also reflected indirect mechanisms through which climate affected the Lake Stowell ecosystem, for example, by altering thermal stratification, disturbance regimes, and nutrient concentrations. For instance, high summer insolation and warm summer temperatures from 11,700 to 8500 cal yr BP were associated with greater abundances of Stephanodiscus hantzschii and especially Aulacoseira subarctica. A concurrent opening of the forest canopy triggered by warming would have exposed the lake to strong winds and enhanced mixing, favoring these more heavily silicified taxa as an indirect consequence of climatic changes. Diatom assemblages appear to have been impacted by the deposition of Mount Mazama tephra at 7600 cal yr BP; a notable increase in Aulacoseira tenella suggests a response to increased silica availability in association with tephra deposition.
Trees of Amazonian Ecuador: a taxonomically verified species list with data on abundance and distribution
Authors: Guevara Andino Juan Ernesto , Pitman Nigel C. A. , Ulloa Ulloa Carmen , Romoleroux Katya , Fernández‐Fernández Diana , Ceron Carlos , Palacios Walter , Neill David A. , Oleas Nora , Altamirano Paola , Rivas Torres Gonzalo , ter Steege Hans 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe compiled a data set for all tree species collected to date in lowland Amazonian Ecuador in order to determine the number of tree species in the region. This data set has been extensively verified by taxonomists and is the most comprehensive attempt to evaluate the tree diversity in one of the richest species regions of the Amazon. We used four main sources of data: mounted specimens deposited in Ecuadorian herbaria only, specimen records of a large‐scale 1‐hectare‐plot network (60 plots in total), data from the Missouri Botanical Garden Tropicos® database (MO), and literature sources. The list of 2,296 tree species names we provide in this data set is based on 47,486 herbarium records deposited in the following herbaria: Alfredo Paredes Herbarium (QAP), Catholic University Herbarium (QCA), Herbario Nacional del Ecuador (QCNE), Missouri Botanical Garden (MO), and records from an extensive sampling of 29,768 individuals with diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥10 cm recorded in our plot network. We also provide data for the relative abundance of species, geographic coordinates of specimens deposited in major herbaria around the world, whether the species is native or endemic, current hypothesis of geographic distribution, representative collections, and IUCN threat category for every species recorded to date in Amazonian Ecuador. These data are described in Metadata S1 and can be used for macroecological, evolutionary, or taxonomic studies. There are no copyright restrictions; data are freely available for noncommercial scientific use (CC BY 3.0). Please see Metadata S1 (Class III, Section B.1: Proprietary restrictions) for additional information on usage.
Vertebrate diversity revealed by metabarcoding of bulk arthropod samples from tropical forests
Authors: Lynggaard Christina , Nielsen Martin , Santos‐Bay Luisa , Gastauer Markus , Oliveira Guilherme , Bohmann Kristine 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundThousands of bulk arthropod samples are collected globally every year for monitoring programs, conservation efforts, and ecosystem assessments. The taxonomic contents of these samples can be assessed either morphologically or molecularly using DNA metabarcoding coupled with high‐throughput sequencing, the latter of which has gained popularity in recent years. In a related field, only vertebrateingesting invertebrates, such as carrion flies and blood‐feeding leeches, are targeted for collection, and metabarcoding is carried out on the vertebrate DNA in their gut contents to provide information on vertebrate diversity (invertebrate‐derived DNA, iDNA).AimsHere, we show that the two approaches can be combined, that is, that vertebrate DNA can be detected through metabarcoding of bulk arthropod samples. Materials and Methods: Two metabarcoding primer sets were used to PCR amplify mammal and vertebrate DNA in DNA extracted from bulk arthropod samples collected with pitfall and Malaise traps in tropical forests in Brazil and Tanzania.ResultsIn total, 32 vertebrate taxa were detected representing mammals, amphibians, and birds. Detected taxa were within, or close to, their known geographical distributions.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that with a relatively small additional investment, information on vertebrate diversity can be obtained from bulk arthropod samples. This is of particular interest in projects where bulk arthropod samples are collected and extracted with the aim to use metabarcoding to assess arthropod taxa. In such studies, the additional information on vertebrates can further inform ecological assessments and monitoring programs and function as a supplement to traditional survey methods of vertebrates.
Optimization of butter, xylitol, and high‐amylose maize flour on developing a low‐sugar cookie
Authors: Song Yunxian , Li Xu , Zhong Yuyue 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThere is a huge interest to develop low‐sugar baked products for reducing risks of some diseases, such as adiposis, diabetes, and high blood pressure. A low‐sugar cookie was prepared with butter, xylitol, and high‐amylose maize flour (HAMF) through response surface methodology. ANOVA of models for sensory profiles, texture, and digestibility showed the models for sensory attributes, hardness, and resistant starch were significant (p < .05), indicating the reliability of these models. Sensory profiles of cookie were mainly affected by butter and xylitol, while HAMF was not significant. Hardness was negatively related to butter and HAMF. Resistant starch (RS) content was positively correlated with butter, xylitol, and HAMF. The improvement of RS was attributed to high proportions of long amylopectin and amylose chains of starch in HAMF and interactions of starch with butter and xylitol. The predicted model showed the optimal combination of a cookie with the highest sensory and resistant starch and the lowest hardness was intermediate butter, high xylitol, and high HAMF contents.
Above the Clouds
Authors: Schmidt Jörg , Wendisch Manfred , Curtius Joachim , Scheinert Mirko , Sinnhuber Björn‐Martin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTaking to the skies to study the atmosphere, climate and planet: Funded by a consortium of major German research institutes, HALO has quickly become the most advanced research aircraft in Europe. With an array of modern and variable equipment, it can be used for demanding measurement campaigns from aerosol particles to air pollutants and clouds.
The Right Signature for Every Process
Authors: Brinksmeier Ekkard , Reese Stefanie , Sölter Jens 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe hardness, residual stress and other properties of a component's surface layers are crucial to its functionality and durability. To achieve specific improvements to the component's “skin”, engineers need a more detailed understanding of the physical and chemical processes at work during manufacturing processes and how these can be exploited to modify the material properties.
Ketamine effects on default mode network activity and vigilance: A randomized, placebo‐controlled crossover simultaneous fMRI/EEG study
Authors: Zacharias Norman , Musso Francesco , Müller Felix , Lammers Florian , Saleh Andreas , London Markus , de Boer Peter , Winterer Georg 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn resting‐state functional connectivity experiments, a steady state (of consciousness) is commonly supposed. However, recent research has shown that the resting state is a rather dynamic than a steady state. In particular, changes of vigilance appear to play a prominent role. Accordingly, it is critical to assess the state of vigilance when conducting pharmacodynamic studies with resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) using drugs that are known to affect vigilance such as (subanesthetic) ketamine. In this study, we sought to clarify whether the previously described ketamine‐induced prefrontal decrease of functional connectivity is related to diminished vigilance as assessed by electroencephalography (EEG). We conducted a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled crossover study with subanesthetic S‐Ketamine in N = 24 healthy, young subjects by simultaneous acquisition of resting‐state fMRI and EEG data. We conducted seed‐based default mode network functional connectivity and EEG power spectrum analyses. After ketamine administration, decreased functional connectivity was found in medial prefrontal cortex whereas increased connectivities were observed in intraparietal cortices. In EEG, a shift of energy to slow (delta, theta) and fast (gamma) wave frequencies was seen in the ketamine condition. Frontal connectivity is negatively related to EEG gamma and theta activity while a positive relationship is found for parietal connectivity and EEG delta power. Our results suggest a direct relationship between ketamine‐induced functional connectivity changes and the concomitant decrease of vigilance in EEG. The observed functional changes after ketamine administration may serve as surrogate end points and provide a neurophysiological framework, for example, for the antidepressant action of ketamine (trial name: 29JN1556, EudraCT Number: 2009‐012399‐28).
“Let's make a place where giants live!”: Children's communication during play with siblings and friends from early to middle childhood
Authors: Leach Jamie , Howe Nina , DeHart Ganie 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe present study examined children's co‐construction of shared meanings and internal state language during play with their sibling and friend from early to middle childhood. Sixty‐five 4‐year‐old children (T1) and 46 7‐year‐old children (T2) were observed in the home during two free play sessions with a sibling and with a friend at both time points. Shared meaning strategies during social play (e.g., extensions and positive responses) and during pretend enactment were coded. Shared meaning strategies were associated with relationship context; children used more positive shared meaning strategies with friends compared to siblings and more introductions with siblings than friends. Moreover, developmental differences were evident; specifically, children employed more simple strategies, semantic tying (e.g., building on to one's ideas) and prosocial strategies at T2 than T1. Differences were also evident during pretend enactment where children used simple strategies more at T2 than T1 and clarifications more at T1 than T2. Findings highlight children's sophisticated and flexible communication strategies used in the process of co‐constructing a shared understanding during play.Highlights

The present study investigated children's shared meaning strategies used during play with their sibling and friend from early to middle childhood.
Children were observed in separate play sessions and both relationship and developmental differences were found.
The patterns of findings highlight important similarities and differences in children's co‐;construction of shared meanings with siblings and friends over time.
Retrocolic versus antecolic gastrointestinal reconstruction in robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Wang Chih‐Yuan , Huang Ting‐Shuo , Zhang Ke‐Di , Wang Zi‐Zheng , Wang Fei , Zhao Zhi‐Ming , Gao Yuan‐Xing , Liu Rong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundWith the advancement of robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy (RPD), several reconstruction methods have been advocated to make RPD more effective and safer. In this study, we investigated the safety and effectiveness of RPD using a left retrocolic (L‐port) technique and compared it with those of RPD using an antecolic technique.MethodsBetween October 2015 and August 2016, we retrospectively reviewed consecutive cases of RPD before and after introducing the L‐port technique for gastrointestinal reconstruction. The L‐port technique was mainly performed for retrocolic gastrojejunal reconstruction and some cases of duodenojejunal reconstruction. The perioperative and postoperative outcomes were compared in the two groups.ResultsEighty‐three cases of RPD were retrieved for statistical analysis. Compared with the antecolic group, the L‐port group was significantly associated with a shorter operative time (median time [IQR] 345 [307–384] min vs. 390 [370–455] min, P < 0.001), reconstruction time (54 [48–59] min vs. 84 [75–98] min, P < 0.001) and lower incidence of delayed gastric emptying. There were no cases of re‐operation due to internal herniation, colonic ischemia, or bowel volvulus in the L‐port group during the 1‐year follow‐up period.ConclusionsOur results demonstrated that the L‐port technique of RPD is a safe and feasible technique for gastrointestinal reconstruction.
Preoperative serum albumin is associated with intra‐abdominal infection following major hepatectomy
Authors: Rungsakulkij Narongsak , Vassanasiri Watoo , Tangtawee Pongsatorn , Suragul Wikran , Muangkaew Paramin , Mingphruedhi Somkit , Aeesoa Suraida 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundMajor hepatectomy is a complex surgical procedure with high morbidity. Intra‐abdominal infection (IAI) is common following hepatectomy and affects treatment outcomes. This study was performed to investigate perioperative factors and determine whether the preoperative serum albumin level is associated with IAI following major hepatectomy.MethodsFrom January 2008 to December 2018, 268 patients underwent major hepatectomy. We retrospectively analyzed demographic data and preoperative and perioperative variables. IAI was defined as organ/space surgical site infection. Risk factors for IAI were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.ResultsIn total, 268 patients were evaluated. IAI was observed in 38 patients (14.6%). The mortality rate in the IAI group was 15.7%. Multivariate logistic analysis confirmed that the serum albumin level (odds ratio 0.91; 95% confidence interval 0.84–0.97; P = 0.03) and operative duration (odds ratio 1.50; 95% confidence interval 1.18–1.91; P < 0.01) were independent factors associated with IAI. A logistic model using the serum albumin level and operative duration to estimate the probability of IAI was analyzed. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting IAI was 0.78.ConclusionThe serum albumin level and operative duration were independent factors predicting IAI following major hepatectomy.