bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Personality matters in extremely demanding environments: A bed rest performance study
Authors: Goerke Panja , Marggraf-Micheel Claudia , Stelling Dirk , Soll Henning 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionPersonality is a rather neglected aspect in bed rest studies. The aim of the study was to clarify which specific personality pattern may predict the performance of bed rest study participants.Materials and methodsPersonality traits were correlated with participants’ performance rated by the team running the study. The sample consisted of N = 68 participants who took part in one of four different studies. A broad set of personality traits correlated with different performance aspects (stability, perseverance, modesty, flexibility, compliance, likability, social adaptation).ResultsEmotional instability showed the highest correlations. Furthermore, participants with low aggressiveness, low empathy and low achievement motivation were rated as more suitable for a study. Additionally, participants with a high extraversion showed a higher social adaptation.DiscussionThe results contribute to the knowledge of the impact of personality in extremely demanding environments and provide first evidence for the identification of an ideal personality profile predicting performance of bed rest study participants.
How to improve public environmental health by facilitating metro usage on weekend: exploring the non-linear and threshold impacts of the built environment
Authors: Peng Bozhezi , Wang Tao , Zhang Yi , Li Chaoyang 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe accelerated motorization has brought a series of environmental concerns and damaged public environmental health by causing severe air and noise pollution. The advocate of urban rail transit system such as metro is effective to reduce the private car dependence and alleviate associated environmental outcomes. Meanwhile, the increased metro usage can also benefit public and individual health by facilitating physical activities such as walking or cycling to the metro station. Therefore, promoting metro usage by discovering the nonlinear associations between the built environment and metro ridership is critical for the government to benefit public health, while most studies ignored the non-linear and threshold effects of built environment on weekend metro usage.MethodUsing multi-source datasets in Shanghai, this study applies Gradient Boosting Decision Trees (GBDT), a nonlinear machine learning approach to estimate the non-linear and threshold effects of the built environment on weekend metro ridership.ResultsResults show that land use mixture, distance to CBD, number of bus line, employment density and rooftop density are top five most important variables by both relative importance analysis and Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) values. Employment density and distance to city center are top five important variables by feature importance. According to the Partial Dependence Plots (PDPs), every built environment variable shows non-linear impacts on weekend metro ridership, while most of them have certain effective ranges to facilitate the metro usage. Maximum weekend ridership occurs when land use mixture entropy index is less than 0.7, number of bus lines reaches 35, rooftop density reaches 0.25, and number of bus stops reaches 10.ImplicationResearch findings can not only help government the non-linear and threshold effects of the built environment in planning practice, but also benefit public health by providing practical guidance for policymakers to increase weekend metro usage with station-level built environment optimization.
A generative AI-driven interactive listening assessment task
Authors: Runge Andrew , Attali Yigal , LaFlair Geoffrey T. , Park Yena , Church Jacqueline 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionAssessments of interactional competence have traditionally been limited in large-scale language assessments. The listening portion suffers from construct underrepresentation, whereas the speaking portion suffers from limited task formats such as in-person interviews or role plays. Human-delivered tasks are challenging to administer at large scales, while automated assessments are typically very narrow in their assessment of the construct because they have carried over the limitations of traditional paper-based tasks to digital formats. However, computer-based assessments do allow for more interactive, automatically administered tasks, but come with increased complexity in task creation. Large language models present new opportunities for enhanced automated item generation (AIG) processes that can create complex content types and tasks at scale that support richer assessments.MethodsThis paper describes the use of such methods to generate content at scale for an interactive listening measure of interactional competence for the Duolingo English Test (DET), a large-scale, high-stakes test of English proficiency. The Interactive Listening task assesses test takers’ ability to participate in a full conversation, resulting in a more authentic assessment of interactive listening ability than prior automated assessments by positing comprehension and interaction as purposes of listening.Results and discussionThe results of a pilot of 713 tasks with hundreds of responses per task, along with the results of human review, demonstrate the feasibility of a human-in-the-loop, generative AI-driven approach for automatic creation of complex educational assessments at scale.
Microbial community structure in recovering forests of Mount St. Helens
Authors: Maltz Mia Rose , Allen Michael F. , Phillips Michala L. , Hernandez Rebecca R. , Shulman Hannah B. , Freund Linton , Andrews Lela V. , Botthoff Jon K. , Aronson Emma L. 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens had devastating effects above and belowground in forested montane ecosystems, including the burial and destruction of soil microbes. Soil microbial propagules and legacies in recovering ecosystems are important for determining post-disturbance successional trajectories. Soil microorganisms regulate nutrient cycling, interact with many other organisms, and therefore may support successional pathways and complementary ecosystem functions, even in harsh conditions. Historic forest management methods, such as old-growth and clearcut regimes, and locations of historic short-term gopher enclosures (Thomomys talpoides), to evaluate community response to forest management practices and to examine vectors for dispersing microbial consortia to the surface of the volcanic landscape. These biotic interactions may have primed ecological succession in the volcanic landscape, specifically Bear Meadow and the Pumice Plain, by creating microsite conditions conducive to primary succession and plant establishment.Methods and resultsUsing molecular techniques, we examined bacterial, fungal, and AMF communities to determine how these variables affected microbial communities and soil properties. We found that bacterial/archaeal 16S, fungal ITS2, and AMF SSU community composition varied among forestry practices and across sites with long-term lupine plots and gopher enclosures. The findings also related to detected differences in C and N concentrations and ratios in soil from our study sites. Fungal communities from previously clearcut locations were less diverse than in gopher plots within the Pumice Plain. Yet, clearcut meadows harbored fewer ancestral AM fungal taxa than were found within the old-growth forest.DiscussionBy investigating both forestry practices and mammals in microbial dispersal, we evaluated how these interactions may have promoted revegetation and ecological succession within the Pumice Plains of Mount St. Helens. In addition to providing evidence about how dispersal vectors and forest structure influence post-eruption soil microbiomes, this project also informs research and management communities about belowground processes and microbial functional traits in facilitating succession and ecosystem function.
New Material of Thylacocephala from the Early Ladinian (Middle Triassic) of Northern Grigna (Lecco, Lombardy, Northern Italy)
Authors: Ji Cheng , Tintori Andrea 
Published: November 2024

Here we report and describe a new assemblage of Thylacocephala (Crustacea) from the Early Ladinian Buchenstein Fm. (Middle Triassic) of Grigna, Northern Italy. The assemblage consists of at least four species from three different genera: Ankitokazocaris lariensis sp. n., Ankitokazocaris sp., Austriocaris sp., Stoppanicaris grignaensis gen. et sp. n. This thylacocephalan assemblage is rather diverse compared to the others of the Triassic. The largest size and ornamentation type of thylacocephalan species is compared among different periods of the Triassic and indicates that taxa with ridges on the carapace are generally smaller than those with smooth carapaces. This may be related to their different modes of life, such as inside or above the sediment with low oxygen levels. Large and smooth taxa were possibly more adapted to a life above sandy bottoms in shallow waters, under a somewhat high wave energy, while small, ornamented taxa are better suited for deeper environments with muddy bottoms, inside which they could move freely. The EDS analysis of Austriocaris sp. reveals that the cuticle mainly consists of apatite, which is in accordance with previous interpretations.
Phytochemical Composition and Functional Properties of Brassicaceae Microgreens: Impact of In Vitro Digestion
Authors: Šola Ivana , Vujčić Bok Valerija , Popović Maja , Gagić Sanja 
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study was to compare the concentration of phenolic compounds, glucosinolates, proteins, sugars and vitamin C between kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. acephala gongylodes), Savoy cabbage (B. oleracea sabauda), Brussels sprouts (B. oleracea gemmifera), cauliflower (B. oleracea botrytis), radish (Raphanus sativus) and garden cress (Lepidium sativum) microgreens for their antioxidant and hypoglycemic potential. In addition, we applied an in vitro-simulated system of human digestion in order to track the bioaccessibility of the selected phenolic representatives, and the stability of the microgreens’ antioxidant and hypoglycemic potential in terms of α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition after each digestion phase. Using spectrophotometric and RP-HPLC methods with statistical analyses, we found that garden cress had the lowest soluble sugar content, while Savoy cabbage and Brussels sprouts had the highest glucosinolate levels (76.21 ± 4.17 mg SinE/g dm and 77.73 ± 3.33 mg SinE/g dm, respectively). Brussels sprouts were the most effective at inhibiting protein glycation (37.98 ± 2.30% inhibition). A very high positive correlation (r = 0.830) between antiglycation potential and conjugated sinapic acid was recorded. For the first time, the antidiabetic potential of microgreens after in vitro digestion was studied. Kohlrabi microgreens best inhibited α-amylase in both initial and intestinal digestion (60.51 ± 3.65% inhibition and 62.96 ± 3.39% inhibition, respectively), and also showed the strongest inhibition of α-glucosidase post-digestion (19.22 ± 0.08% inhibition). Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, and radish had less stable α-glucosidase than α-amylase inhibitors during digestion. Kohlrabi, Savoy cabbage, and garden cress retained inhibition of both enzymes after digestion. Kohlrabi antioxidant capacity remained unchanged after digestion. The greatest variability was seen in the original samples, while the intestinal phase resulted in the most convergence, indicating that digestion reduced differences between the samples. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential of various microgreens as sources of bioactive compounds with antidiabetic and antiglycation properties. Notably, kohlrabi microgreens demonstrated significant enzyme inhibition after digestion, suggesting their promise in managing carbohydrate metabolism and supporting metabolic health.
Clinical and Molecular Features of Malignant Pleural Effusion in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) of a Caucasian Population
Authors: Lojo-Rodríguez Irene , Botana-Rial Maribel , González-Montaos Almudena , Leiro-Fernández Virginia , González-Piñeiro Ana , Ramos-Hernández Cristina , Fernández-Villar Alberto 
Published: November 2024

Background and Objectives: The diversity of patients with malignant pleural effusion (MPE) due to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as well as the variability in mutations makes it essential to improve molecular characterization. Objective: Describe clinical, pathological, and molecular characteristics MPE in a Caucasian population. Materials and Methods: Retrospective study of patients with NSCLC diagnosis who had undergone a molecular study from 1 January 2018–31 December 2022. Univariate analysis was performed to compare patient characteristics between the group with and without MPE and molecular biomarkers. Results: A total of 400 patients were included; 53% presented any biomarker and 29% had MPE.PDL1, which was the most frequent. EGFR mutation was associated with women (OR:3.873) and lack of smoking (OR:5.105), but not with MPE. Patients with pleural effusion were older and had lower ECOG. There was no significant difference in the presence of any biomarker. We also did not find an association between the presence of specific mutations and MPE (22.4% vs. 18%, p = 0.2), or PDL1 expression (31.9% vs. 35.9%, p = 0.3). Being younger constituted a protective factor for the presence of MPE (OR:0.962; 95% CI 0.939–0.985, p = 0.002), as well as ECOG ≤ 1 (OR:0.539; 95% CI 0.322–0.902, p = 0.01). Conclusions: This is the first study that describes the clinical, pathological, and molecular characteristics of MPE patients due to NSCLC in a Caucasian population. Although overall we did not find significant differences in the molecular profile between patients with MPE and without effusion, EGFR mutation was associated with a tendency towards pleural progression.
فجوة التوقعات في مراجعة الحسابات العامة: حالة المملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: القرني أحمد عبدالقادر 
Published: November 2024

تهدف الدراسة إلى توثيق فجوة التوقعات في بيئة مراجعة الحسابات العامة في المملكة العربية السعودية. ولتحقيق هذا الهدف تم استطلاع وتحليل آراء مراجعي الحسابات العامة ومديري الإدارات المالية في الجهات التي تخضع حساباتها للمراجعة العامة، وكذلك آراء المستفيدين أو المستخدمين لتقارير المراجعة العامة حول أربعة متغيرات رئيسة: (1) مسئوليات وواجبات مراجع الحسابات العامة، (2) تقرير المراجعة، (3) الاستقلال، و (4) أدلة الإثبات. وقد تم صياغة أربعة فروض للدراسة في ضوء هذه المتغيرات واختبارها باستخدام الاختبارات الوصفية، واختبار التحليل الإحصائي اللامعلمي كروسكال - واليس (KW) وكذلك اختبار مان- ويتني (MW). ومن استنتاجات هذه الدراسة ثبوت قيام أدلة ميدانية على وجود فجوة للتوقعات في مراجعة الحسابات العامة في جوانب تتعلق بمسئوليات مراجع الحسابات العامة وواجباته واستقلاله، كما تتعلق كذلك بأدلة الإثبات. وقد خلصت الدراسة إلى عدد من التوصيات تم تبويبها بحسب عينة الدراسة.
Hubungan Teman Sebaya dengan Perilaku Merokok pada Remaja Laki-laki di SMP X
Authors: Nurlela  , Heni Hirawati Pranoto  
Published: November 2024

Teenage boys are a group that is vulnerable to carrying out risky behavior, one of which is smoking behavior. The smoking behavior of teenage boy is influenced by several factors, one of which is the behavior of their peers. Peers in the school environment are also very influential because students are often found smoking. The aim of the research is to determine the relationship between peer behavior and smoking behavior in teenage boys at SMP X. This research was a correlation analytical research with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study were all male students in classes VII and VIII at SMP. The research instrument used a questionnaire sheet. The statistical analysis used Fisher's Exact Test. The results of the research show that there’s a relationship between peer behavior and smoking behavior in adolescents. It’s hoped that parents will monitor their interactions with their friends because smoking behavior starts from those closest to them.
ABSTRAK
Remaja putra merupakan kelompok yang rentan dalam melakukan perilaku berisiko, salah satunya adalah perilaku merokok. Perilaku merokok yang dilakukan remaja putra dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya perilaku teman sebaya. Teman sebaya dalam lingkungan sekolah juga sangat berpengaruh karena seringnya ditemukan siswa merokok. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan antara perilaku teman sebaya terhadap perilaku merokok di SMP X. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini seluruh siswa laki-laki kelas VII dan VIII di SMP X sebanyak 101 siswa Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling, dengan jumlah sampel 80 siswa. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan lembar kuesioner. Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah Fisher’s Exact Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara perilaku teman sebaya terhadap perilaku merokok pada remaja. Diharapkan orang tua agar lebih mengawasi pergaulan dengan teman sebaya, karena perilaku merokok dimulai dari orang terdekat.
Paper Mills and Intellectual Prostitution in Pakistani Research: A Challenge to Scientific Integrity
Authors: Dr. Usman Waheed (Ph.D.)  
Published: November 2024

In recent years, the phenomenon of ‘paper mills’ has gained significant attention within the academic and scientific communities globally. A paper mill refers to an organization or individual producing research papers, often fabricated or plagiarized, for authors in exchange for financial incentives. This troubling practice has infiltrated various regions, including Pakistan, leading to a surge in research publications that lack genuine scientific merit. The underlying issue, particularly in Pakistan, is the growing tendency among academics to prioritize career advancement/promotions over contributing to knowledge or solving real-world problems.
According to a report published in the leading journal ‘Nature’, thousands of publications in academic journals have been linked to paper mills in China, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and Russia. According to some estimates, the percentage of academic articles produced by paper mills is between 2 to 20%. In 2023 alone, 10,000 research articles were retracted as a result of fake research and unfortunately, Pakistan was included among the list of countries with highest number of retractions. There are serious repercussions for the authors, the journals, and eventually the country as a whole.
KOMPOSISI DAN DISTRIBUSI GRANULOMETRI SEDIMEN DI PADANG LAMUN DESA MOKUPA KECAMATAN TOMBARIRI KABUPATEN MINAHASA
Authors: Lahimade Melisa , Rampengan Royke , Sondak Calvyn , Rumengan Inneke , Rimper Joice , Djamaluddin Rignolda 
Published: November 2024

Informasi menyangkut kondisi substrat di padang lamun merupakan hal yang sangat dibutuhkan dalam pengelolaan ekosistem lamun. Pantai Desa Mokupa memiliki kawasan padang lamun yang infomasi menyangkut ukuran butir sedimennya belum pernah dihadirkan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mendeskripsikan komposisi dan menganalisis distribusi granulometri sedimen di padang lamun Desa Mokupa Kecamatan Tombariri Kabupaten Minahasa. Pengambilan sedimen dilakukan menggunakan metode sistematis di mana sedimen yang diambil pada kawasan padang lamun adalah pada area berkategori tutupan lamun jarang, sedang, padat dan sangat padat. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah komposisi sedimen padang lamun sekitar Desa Mokupa terdiri dari sedimen berukuran debu sampai kerakal. Pada kawasan dengan kategori tutupan lamun padat dan sangat padat, sedimen pasir halus berada pada proporsi yang terbesar. Sebaliknya sedimen kerakal proporsinya mengecil dibandingkan dengan yang terdapat pada kawasan dengan kategori tutupan sedang dan jarang. Berdasarkan nilai rataan empirik, granulometri sedimen pada kawasan berkategori tutupan sangat padat adalah yang paling halus. Nilai penyortiran menunjukkan hampir keseluruhan sampel sedimen kawasan padang lamun berada pada kriteria buruk sampai buruk sekali. Kemencengan umumnya berada pada kriteria asimetris kuat ke ukuran besar. Kriteria peruncingan pada kawasan berkategori tutupan padat adalah leptokurtik, sedangkan pada kategori tutupan sangat padat adalah sangat leptokurtik.
Kata kunci: Padang lamun, Komposisi sedimen, Distribusi granulometri, Mokupa
PENERAPAN METODE K-MEANS CLUSTERING UNTUK PEMETAAN PENGELOMPOKAN LAHAN PRODUKSI JAGUNG
Authors: Destama Karni Saputra Davantio , Auliasari Karina , Faisol Ahmad 
Published: November 2024

Kabupaten Pasuruan memiliki potensi besar dalam produksi jagung karena memiliki banyak lahan yang subur dan curah hujan yang cukup tinggi. Bagi pemerintah daerah, memahami pola dan hal-hal yang dapat mempengaruhi produktivitas jagung di Kabupaten Pasuruan menjadi penting untuk membantu merumuskan kebijakan yang tepat. Akan tetapi, informasi pemetaan dan pengelompokan lahan produksi jagung tiap kecamatan di Kabupaten Pasuruan saat ini masih belum tersedia. Tanpa adanya informasi pemetaan yang jelas, dapat menyebabkan perencanaan pertanian menjadi sulit dilakukan secara efektif. Oleh karena itu, perlu dibuatkan sistem pemetaan dan pengelompokan lahan produksi jagung. Sistem ini diharapkan dapat membantu Dinas Ketahanan Pangan dan Pertanian Kabupaten Pasuruan untuk merumuskan kebijakan sehingga memberikan kontribusi positif bagi pengembangan sektor pertanian jagung. Variabel yang akan digunakan adalah luas panen dan hasil produksi jagung tiap kecamatan per tahun. Sedangkan proses pengelompokan data menggunakan metode K-Means. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa dari total 120 data yang dihitung. Diperoleh hasil pengelompokan dengan jumlah klaster 1 (Produktivitas Rendah) = 65 data, klaster 2 (Produktivitas Sedang) = 42 data dan klaster 3 (Produktivitas Tinggi) = 13 data. Selanjutnya hasil pengujian perbandingan perhitungan sistem dengan perhitungan yang dilakukan oleh dinas menunjukkan hanya 39.17% data yang sesuai.
PENERAPAN DATA MINING UNTUK CLUSTERING WILAYAH PRODUKSI PADI MENGGUNAKAN METODE K-MEANS
Authors: Purnomo Priyadi Wahyu , Dedy Irawan Joseph , Faisol Ahmad 
Published: November 2024

Wilayah Jawa Timur adalah wilayah dengan produksi padi yang signifikan di Indonesia, menyumbang sekitar seper-enam dari total produksi padi nasional. Meskipun demikian, terdapat ketidaksetaraan dalam produktivitas panen padi di berbagai kab dan kota di Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengelompokkan wilayah-wilayah di Provinsi Jawa Timur berdasarkan efisiensi produksi padi menggunakan algoritma K-Means clustering. Faktor-faktor yang dianalisis meliputi luas panen, produktivitas, dan produksi padi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan melibatkan prosedur clustering dengan algoritma K-Means, yang mencakup inisialisasi pusat klaster secara random, penghitungan jarak antara data dengan pusat cluster menggunakan jarak Euclidean, dan iterasi hingga cluster tidak berubah. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa data dapat dikelompokkan ke dalam tiga cluster utama dengan karakteristik produksi padi yang berbeda: rendah, sedang, dan tinggi. Hasil pengujian implementasi web dengan implementasi perhitungan K-Means data mining seperti misalnya di tahun 2018 pada kabupaten pacitan hasil perhitungan manual kmeans menunjukan cluster 1 dan hasil perhitungan sistem menunjukan cluster 1 juga yang berarti tidak ada selisih. dengan adanya pembuktian tersebut dengan tidak adanya selisi menjadikan web ini memiliki akurasi 99% dapat digunakan sebagaimana mestinya . Sistem yang dikembangkan juga telah diuji dengan metode blackbox dan menunjukkan keakuratan dalam mengelompokkan data produksi padi.