bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Artificial Neural Network Classification to Determine Nutrient Content in Oil Palm Leaves
Authors: James J. Helena  Anusia , Wan I. Wan  Ishak , Nawi Nazmi    Mat , M. Shariff Abdul  Rashid , Mehdizadeh Saman  Abdanan 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. The classification of oil palm nutrient level based on leaf samples is an important factor to dictate the quality of fresh fruit bunch (FFB). The optimum nutrient level in a palm tree ensures high yield and productivity. This study evaluated a spectroradiometer of spectral bands ranging from 350 to 2500 nm to detect nutrient level in oil palm leaf samples. The features considered were types of nutrient and fronds, explored in spectral reflectance of wavelength for nutrient level determination. Results from statistical analysis using the spectral reflectance of oil palm leaves with partial least square (PLS) models were used for classification of three nutrient levels, comprising of low, optimum, and high amount of fertilization, using the artificial neural network (ANN) to inspect oil palm leaves for contents of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K). From the 90 leaf samples, the ANN models had classification performance of 85.32% accuracy for oil palm nutrient contents determination and 69.42% accuracy for frond identification. Results of this study imply the use of ANN as a prime tool for classification and identification of features in oil palm leaves. Keywords: Artificial neural network (ANN), Oil palm, Nutrients, Spectroradiometer.
Open Data y turismo. Implicaciones para la gestión turística en ciudades y destinos turísticos inteligentes
Authors: Celdrán Bernabeu Marco Antonio , Mazón Jose-Norberto , Giner Sánchez David 
Published: June 2018

La irrupción de Internet y el progresivo despliegue de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC), ha generado interesantes oportunidades para la planificación y gestión de las ciudades y destinos turísticos del siglo XXI. En este escenario, los entornos urbanos producen una gran cantidad de datos como consecuencia directa del uso intensivo de las TIC. Este trabajo se aproxima al concepto de Open Data desde dos hipótesis. Por una parte, que su aplicación en el ámbito del turismo puede generar un ecosistema innovador que mejore la experiencia turística, gracias al diseño de productos y servicios TIC. Y por otra, que su grado actual de aplicación en turismo es bajo y necesita de medidas de apoyo. Con el fin de corroborarlas, se plantean dos objetivos. En primer lugar, y desde una vertiente teórico-conceptual, profundizar en la terminología de Open Data, conceptos relacionados y sus implicaciones para la gestión turística. En segundo lugar, conocer su grado de aplicación actual en el turismo, para proponer recomendaciones que favorezcan su uso. Con este fin, se analizan los conjuntos de datos abiertos en turismo de las ciudades de la Red Española de Ciudades Inteligentes (RECI). Este trabajo constituye un punto de partida en la investigación de las relaciones entre Open Data y turismo.
Content Area Pre-Service Candidates Learning Language Teaching with Adolescent Immigrants in an Urban PDS Middle School
Authors: Fan Yanan 
Published: June 2018

How do teacher candidates develop and reflect on their knowledge in second language literacy to support their students in a Professional Development School (PDS)? This article reports preliminary findings of a qualitative study that investigates the learning process of single-subject credential candidates in a pilot urban PDS site where they co-taught and co-learned in an English as a Second Language (ESL) program through an on-site seminar credential class. Data collection included, but not limited to, researcher observational fieldnotes, candidate reflections, term papers, and transcripts of interviews and performances. The study finds that in an interactive, social learning space created by the PDS setting, teacher candidates challenged their assumptions about teaching English among immigrant students, as well as identified language learning opportunities in traditional worksheet-based activities and a communicative project.
Embracing Vulnerability and Risk in the Classroom: The Four-Folder Approach to Discussion-Based Community Learning
Authors: Ozment Elizabeth Whittenburg 
Published: June 2018

In recognition of various power systems within and surrounding their classrooms, US women’s studies instructors have for several decades worked to reconfigure the college classroom as an environment that enables all students to testify, thus creating empowered communities and ultimately inspiring the next generation of leaders. As some of the most repeated mantras of feminist pedagogy, these educational goals embody the liberating power of feminist theory and practice. The pedagogical practices employed in attaining these goals typically value experiential knowledge and encourage students to be attuned to various forms of speech and knowledge construction, which are framed through a politics of power and difference. As part of an ongoing conversation about the perils of cooperative learning, independent problem-solving, and peer leadership in higher education, this reflective essay describes one strategy, which I call the four-folder system. This instructional strategy troubles the promises of safety and implied instructor surveillance that so many feminist instructors adhere to, while simultaneously creating a multi-vocal learning environment. The techniques and rationale described may be applied to a range of courses and are not necessarily bound to introductory women’s studies surveys. I propose that given favorable conditions, embracing vulnerability and risk in the classroom better frees our students from the confines of conventional pedagogies used in higher education.
Perceptions of Integrated Experiential Learning of Graduate Marketing Students
Authors: Gundala Raghava R , Singh Mandeep , Cochran T. Kathleen 
Published: June 2018

Experiential learning projects have become a mainstay of a multitude of undergraduate business courses as they allow students to apply theoretical knowledge to real-world issues. At the graduate level, the use of case studies is a primary teaching method, but one cannot fail to notice an increase in the interest and use of experiential learning projects and assignments. However, as more emphasis is placed on the practical application of theory across the marketing curricula, buttressed by accrediting agencies, the need for incorporating these experiential learning projects has become an integral part of many university curricula at both the graduate and undergraduate levels. While the inclusion of these projects has been in practice for some time, the ideal addition to these experiential elements is restricted to a single course. This study examines the impact of including an experiential learning project that was framed across two graduate courses for an individual client. This study adds to the existing knowledge by using a unique integrative approach, across two separate graduate marketing courses, providing students with a progressive real world experience over an extended period of consulting interaction and time. Student perceptions associated with the efficacy of this extended experiential learning exercise are also furnished.
Die Kunst der zweiten Natur und die andere Natur der Kunst
Authors: Khurana Thomas 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This contribution traces an aesthetic shift in the concept of second nature that occurs around 1800 and raises the question as to what role art might play in a culture that already conceives of itself in generally aesthetic terms. The paper recalls Kant’s rejection of habit as a proper realization of ethical life and shows that in his third critique, Kant proposes a second nature of a different kind. To realize ethical life as a “second (supersensible) nature”, we cannot confine ourselves to mere habituation but require a different type of second nature that is exemplified by the work of art. The paper asks what role art may adopt in an aestheticised culture arising from the success of such an aesthetic understanding in the wake of Kant, from Schiller through to Nietzsche. It argues that art redefines its role by taking not first nature but the second nature of ethical life as its main point of reference. Art thus reconceives itself as a self-reflection of our second nature. The paper discusses three models of such self-reflection: the aesthetic estrangement, the beautiful completion, and the dialectical renegotiation of our second nature.
Functional interrelationships between the kallikrein-related peptidases family and the classical kinin system in the human neutrophil
Authors: Ehrenfeld Pamela , Bhoola Kanti D. , Matus Carola E. , Figueroa Carlos D. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn the human neutrophil, kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) have a significant functional relationship with the classical kinin system as a kinin B1 receptor agonist induces secretion of KLK1, KLK6, KLK10, KLK13 and KLK14 into the medium. Secretion of KLK1, the kinin-forming enzyme, may perpetuate formation of kinin in the inflammatory milieu by hydrolyzing extravasated kininogens present in tissue edema. Secretion of KLKs into the inflammatory milieu, induced by kinins or other proinflammatory mediators, provides the human neutrophil with a wide range of molecular interactions to hydrolyze different cellular and extracellular matrix components, which may be of critical relevance in different mechanisms involving inflammation.
Kallikrein-related peptidase 5 and seasonal influenza viruses, limitations of the experimental models for activating proteases
Authors: Magnen Mélia , Elsässer Brigitta Margit , Zbodakova Olga , Kasparek Petr , Gueugnon Fabien , Petit-Courty Agnès , Sedlacek Radislav , Goettig Peter , Courty Yves 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Every year, influenza A virus (IAV) affects and kills many people worldwide. The viral hemagglutinin (HA) is a critical actor in influenza virus infectivity which needs to be cleaved by host serine proteases to exert its activity. KLK5 has been identified as an activating protease in humans with a preference for the H3N2 IAV subtype. We investigated the origin of this preference using influenza A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (PR8, H1N1) and A/Scotland/20/74 (Scotland, H3N2) viruses. Pretreatment of noninfectious virions with human KLK5 increased infectivity of Scotland IAV in MDCK cells and triggered influenza pneumonia in mice. These effects were not observed with the PR8 IAV. Molecular modeling and in vitro enzymatic studies of peptide substrates and recombinant HAs revealed that the sequences around the cleavage site do not represent the sole determinant of the KLK5 preference for the H3N2 subtype. Using mouse Klk5 and Klk5-deficient mice, we demonstrated in vitro and in vivo that the mouse ortholog protease is not an IAV activating enzyme. This may be explained by unfavorable interactions between H3 HA and mKlk5. Our data highlight the limitations of some approaches used to identify IAV-activating proteases.
Novel approach to quorum quenching: rational design of antibacterials in combination with hexahistidine-tagged organophosphorus hydrolase
Authors: Aslanli Aysel , Lyagin Ilya , Efremenko Elena 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) are quorum sensing (QS) signal molecules used by most Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. In this article the lactonase activity of the preparations based on hexahistidine-tagged organophosphorus hydrolase (His6-OPH) towards AHLs was studied. Initially, three of the most interesting β-lactam antibiotics were selected from seven that were trialed during molecular docking to His6-OPH. Combinations of antibiotics (meropenem, imipenem, ceftriaxone) and His6-OPH taken in the native form or in the form of non-covalent enzyme-polyelectrolyte complexes (EPCs) with poly(glutamic acid) or poly(aspartic acid) were obtained and investigated. The lactonase activity of the preparations was investigated under different physical-chemical conditions in the hydrolysis of AHLs [N-butyryl-D,L-homoserine lactone, N-(3-oxooctanoyl)-D,L-homoserine lactone, N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone]. An increased efficiency of catalytic action and stability of the lactonase activity of His6-OPH was shown for its complexes with antibiotics and was confirmed in trials with bacterial strains. The broadening of the catalytic action of the enzyme against AHLs was revealed in the presence of the meropenem. Results of molecular docking of AHLs to the surface of the His6-OPH dimer in the presence of antibiotics allowed proposing the mechanism of such interference based on a steric repulsion of the carbon chain of hydrolyzed AHLs by the antibiotics bounded to the enzyme surface.
Numerical Study on the Kinetic Effects of Hydrogen Addition on the Thermal Characteristics of Laminar Methane Diffusion Flames
Authors: Wu Long , Kobayashi Noriyuki , Li Zhanyong 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The kinetic effects of H2 addition on the thermal characteristics of laminar methane diffusion flames were numerically studied using a detailed chemical kinetics consisting of 53 species and 325 reactions. The variations in the heat release properties and relevant key reactions with H2 addition were analyzed. Results show that the reactions of H + O2 + H2O ⇔ HO2 + H2O (R35), H + HO2 ⇔ OH + OH (R46), H + CH3 (+ M) ⇔ CH4 (+ M) (R52) and OH + H2 ⇔ H + H2O (R84) present important roles in the global heat release and the contributions of these reactions significantly increased as H2 is added to CH4 stream. Moreover, the increase rate of contribution of R84 with H2 addition is much larger than those of the reactions of R35, R46 and R52. The H and OH are the two most important radicals for heat release in the combustion process of CH4-H2 diffusion flame. The reaction of R84 is one of the main contributors for production of H radical and the contribution of R84 significantly increased with H2 addition, while the reaction of H + O2 ⇔ O + OH (R38) dominates the contribution of production of OH, which contributes more than 50 %, no matter whether H2 is added to CH4 stream.
New Numerical Integration Methods for Simulation of Electromagnetic Transients
Authors: Chakraborty Soham , Ramanujam R. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This paper proposes two new methods of numerical integration for computation of electromagnetic transients. In the most widely used electromagnetic transients program (EMTP) trapezoidal method (TM) is employed for computation of transients. The TM has many desirable properties but in certain situations it can give rise to non-physical time step oscillations because it does not possess stiff decay property. The proposed methods effectively damp out/eliminate these oscillations. The first method is a single-step single-stage method and the second one is a single-step two-stage method. Both methods possess stiff decay property. The performance of the methods are investigated using techniques such as Z-transform analysis, magnitude and phase plots, regions of absolute stability and time-domain simulations. The investigations include comparison of results from two well-known implicit methods and an existing two-stage method. The proposed methods possess many desirable properties and can be considered for computation of electromagnetic transients and engineering problems that require stiff system computations. In addition to the above, a more efficient algorithm to include non-linear elements has been proposed for the two-stage method.
Divine Vengeance in Herodotus’ Histories
Authors: Smolin Nathan Israel 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis essay argues that the motifs of divine vengeance present in the Histories reflect a conscious, considered theory of divine action. This theory is defined by Herodotus’ empirical methodology and his lack of poetic revelation or other claimed insight into the nature and motivations of divinity. For Herodotus, divinity possesses a basically regulatory role in the cosmos, ensuring that history follows certain consistent patterns. One such pattern is vengeance, by which a large-scale balance of reciprocity is maintained in human events through human and divine acts of repayment. This theory underlies Herodotus’ historical project, reinforcing his general skepticism about human knowledge and power and making possible his universalizing approach to historical narrative.
Athens and the Anchoring of Roman Rule in the First Century BCE (67–17)
Authors: Heijnen Sam 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe early Augustan Age witnessed an increase in building activities and overall interest in mainland Greece which has primarily been understood from the perspective of Roman appropriation of Greek culture, or from that of local Greek independence and “re-Hellenization.” Taking late Republican Athens as an extensive case study, this article shows that, when moving beyond either a top-down or bottom-up vision, developments in the late Republican and early Augustan Age can be properly contextualized as being part of a continuous strategy of Roman leaders and the Athenian elite to negotiate power and influence within a shared field of references.
Between Ideology and Social Practice: Baths and Bathing in Christian Communities in Late Antiquity
Authors: DeForest Dallas 
Published: June 2018

AbstractScholars of Late Antiquity have explored rhetorical constructions of the Christian life from many different angles, yet they have not done so in the context of public bathing culture. This article explores the polyvalent ways in which baths and bathing culture were used in rhetorical constructions of the Christian life in Late Antiquity, and how, in turn, this discourse structured Christian communities ideologically and affected the attitudes and practices of the laity. Since bathing culture was intimately associated with the Roman body, self, and personal appearance, it was implicated in rigorist Christian discourse quite commonly. Ultimately, this article demonstrates that Late Antique Christians, especially rigorists, wrote about baths and bathing because it was an important element in constructing a framework for an idealized Christian life and maintaining meaningful divisions within the Christian oikoumene based on ascetic practices and spirituality. But these writings should not be taken as an accurate reflection of social practice or mentalities concerning bathing in Late Antiquity, although certain changes, which reflect the importance of the ideal among the laity, are notable. In the end, Late Antique Christians emerge here as quite Roman in the manner in which they cared for their bodies, personal appearance, and health. And public bathing culture allows us to glimpse the rich social mosaic of Late Antiquity vividly.
Routes across Calabria in Antiquity: Locri Epizephiri’s communications over the peninsula and its control of the Tyrrhenian littoral
Authors: Wonder John W. , Jansson James 
Published: June 2018

AbstractLocri Epizephiri, a city-state on the Ionian Sea, established settlements on the Tyrrhenian coast and routes across the peninsula of Calabria. Although some scholars have questioned the importance of land routes over the peninsula, this study indicates these itineraries were vital, particularly during the Classical period when Locri came into conflict with Rhegium, master of the Straits of Messina. This study examines Locri’s struggles for supremacy of the Tyrrhenian coast and investigates the major routes in Locri’s territory between the Ionian and Tyrrhenian seas. Much evidence for the itineraries is from the authors’ explorations on the ground in Calabria.
Torsion, torsion length and finitely presented groups
Authors: Chiodo Maurice , Vyas Rishi 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
We show that a construction by Aanderaa and Cohen used in their proof of the Higman Embedding Theorem preserves torsion length. We give a new construction showing that every finitely presented group is the quotient of some

C
′

⁢

(

1
/
6

)

{C^{\prime}(1/6)}

finitely presented group by the subgroup generated by its torsion elements. We use these results to show there is a finitely presented group with infinite torsion length which is

C
′

⁢

(

1
/
6

)

{C^{\prime}(1/6)}

, and thus word-hyperbolic and virtually torsion-free.
An inverse problem for the integro-differential Dirac system with partial information given on the convolution kernel
Authors: Bondarenko Natalia Pavlovna 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
An integro-differential Dirac system with an integral term in the form of convolution is considered.
We suppose that the convolution kernel is known a priori on a part of the interval, and recover it on the remaining part,
using a part of the spectrum. We prove the uniqueness theorem, provide an algorithm for the solution of the inverse problem
together with necessary and sufficient conditions for its solvability.
New methods of construction of cartesian authentication codes from geometries over finite commutative rings
Authors: Jirakitpuwapat Wachirapong , Chaipunya Parin , Kumam Poom , Dhompongsa Sompong , Thounthong Phatiphat 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In this paper, we construct some cartesian authentication codes from geometries over finite commutative rings. We only assume the uniform probability distribution over the set of encoding rules in order to be able to compute the probabilities of successful impersonation attack and substitution attack. Our methods are comfortable and secure for users, i.e., our encoding rules reduce the probabilities of successful impersonation attack and substitution attack.
Das Maß der Gewalt. Normalität und Exzess von körperlicher Gewalt als historiographisches Problem
Authors: Mauntel Christoph 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis paper deals with the question, how an abstract practice like ‘violence’ can be measured. On a methodological level, there are two possibilities: On the one hand, a quantitative approach that tries to determine homicide rates allegedly allowing comparisons over regions and time. On the other hand, there is a qualitative approach that analyses key concepts like ‘cruelty’ in order to define the limits of acceptable violence. However, both approaches have clear shortcomings. This article proposes another perspective: Using the example of France in the later Middle Ages, it scrutinises contemporary ideas of violence as they were expressed in chronicles and treatises. By focussing on decidedly negative descriptions of violent acts, we can pinpoint several characteristics that show which cultural aspects were of special importance for the contemporaries, e. g. the social standing of the people involved, the context of the act itself as well as the physical integrity of the nobles’ bodies.