bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dissemination prevention of antibiotic resistant and facultative pathogenic bacteria by ultrafiltration and ozone treatment at an urban wastewater treatment plant
Authors: Hembach Norman , Alexander Johannes , Hiller Christian , Wieland Arne , Schwartz Thomas 
Published: September 2019

AbstractConventional wastewater treatment is not sufficient for the removal of hygienically relevant bacteria and achieves only limited reductions. This study focuses on the reduction efficiencies of two semi-industrial ultrafiltration units operating at a large scale municipal wastewater treatment plant. In total, 7 clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes, together with 3 taxonomic gene markers targeting specific facultative pathogenic bacteria were analysed via qPCR analyses before and after advanced treatment. In parallel with membrane technologies, an ozone treatment (1 g ozone/g DOC) was performed for comparison of the different reduction efficiencies. Both ultrafiltration units showed increased reduction efficiencies for facultative pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes of up to 6 log units, resulting mostly in a strong reduction of the bacterial targets. In comparison, the ozone treatment showed some reduction efficiency, but was less effective compared with ultrafiltration due to low ozone dosages frequently used for micro-pollutant removal at municipal wastewater treatment plants. Additionally, metagenome analyses demonstrated the accumulation of facultative pathogenic bacteria, antibiotic resistance genes, virulence factor genes, and metabolic gene targets in the back flush retentate of the membranes, which opens further questions about retentate fluid material handling at urban wastewater treatment plants.
Phlda3 regulates beta cell survival during stress
Authors: Bensellam Mohammed , Chan Jeng Yie , Lee Kailun , Joglekar Mugdha V. , Hardikar Anandwardhan A. , Loudovaris Thomas , Thomas Helen E. , Jonas Jean-Christophe , Laybutt D. Ross 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe loss of functional beta cell mass characterises all forms of diabetes. Beta cells are highly susceptible to stress, including cytokine, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and oxidative stress. This study examined the role of pleckstrin homology-like, domain family A, member 3 (Phlda3) in beta cell survival under stress conditions and the regulatory basis. We found that the mRNA levels of Phlda3 were markedly upregulated in vivo in the islets of diabetic humans and mice. In vitro, exposure of MIN6 cells or islets to cytokines, palmitate, thapsigargin or ribose upregulated Phlda3 mRNA and protein levels, concurrent with the induction of ER stress (Ddit3 and Trb3) and antioxidant (Hmox1) genes. Furthermore, H2O2 treatment markedly increased PHLDA3 immunostaining in human islets. Phlda3 expression was differentially regulated by adaptive (Xbp1) and apoptotic (Ddit3) unfolded protein response (UPR) mediators. siRNA-mediated knockdown of Xbp1 inhibited the induction of Phlda3 by cytokines and palmitate, whereas knockdown of Ddit3 upregulated Phlda3. Moreover, knockdown of Phlda3 potentiated cytokine-induced apoptosis in association with upregulation of inflammatory genes (iNos, IL1β and IκBα) and NFκB phosphorylation and downregulation of antioxidant (Gpx1 and Srxn1) and adaptive UPR (Xbp1, Hspa5 and Fkbp11) genes. Knockdown of Phlda3 also potentiated apoptosis under oxidative stress conditions induced by ribose treatment. These findings suggest that Phlda3 is crucial for beta cell survival under stress conditions. Phlda3 regulates the cytokine, oxidative and ER stress responses in beta cells via the repression of inflammatory gene expression and the maintenance of antioxidant and adaptive UPR gene expression. Phlda3 may promote beta cell survival in diabetes.
Exosomes from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs) Overexpressing miR-21 Promote Vascularization of Endothelial Cells
Authors: An Yang , Zhao Jianfang , Nie Fangfei , Qin Zelian , Xue Hongyu , Wang Guanhuier , Li Dong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn the past few years, exosomes released from adipose-derived stem cells (abbreviated as ADSCs) have shown promises to provide therapeutic benefits in the fields of regenerative medicine. miRNAs, existing in exosomes, are endogenous, small noncoding RNAs that play important roles in a variety of cellular functions and tumor development. Emerging evidences have indicated that miR-21 is one of the important miRNAs associated with tumor angiogenesis. In this study, we identified the role of exosomes from ADSCs overexpressing miR-21 in regulating/promoting vascularization of endothelial cells. Experimental data indicated an elevated miR-21 level in exosomes released by ADSCs overexpressing miR-21. In vitro matrigel angiogenesis assay showed that exosomes secreted by ADSCs overexpressing miR-21 significantly promoted the vascularization of HUVEC cells (an endothelial cell line). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot (WB) revealed an upregulation of HIF-1α, VEGF, SDF-1, p-Akt, p-ERK1/2 and downregulation of PTEN in response to miR-21 overexpression, indicating that miR-21 enriched exosomes induced angiogenesis through Akt and ERK activation and also HIF-1α and SDF-1 expression. Our work suggests that exosomes from ADSCs that overexpressing miR-21 can potentially promote vascularization and therefore the transplantation of exosomes from their culture may be suitable for clinical effort in regenerative medicine.
The GAPS Programme with HARPS-N at TNG
Authors: Borsa F. , Rainer M. , Bonomo A. S. , Barbato D. , Fossati L. , Malavolta L. , Nascimbeni V. , Lanza A. F. , Esposito M. , Affer L. , Andreuzzi G. , Benatti S. , Biazzo K. , Bignamini A. , Brogi M. , Carleo I. , Claudi R. , Cosentino R. , Covino E. , Damasso M. , Desidera S. , Garrido Rubio A. , Giacobbe P. , González-Álvarez E. , Harutyunyan A. , Knapic C. , Leto G. , Ligi R. , Maggio A. , Maldonado J. , Mancini L. , Fiorenzano A. F. M. , Masiero S. , Micela G. , Molinari E. , Pagano I. , Pedani M. , Piotto G. , Pino L. , Poretti E. , Scandariato G. , Smareglia R. , Sozzetti A. 
Published: September 2019

Aims. In the framework of the GAPS project, we observed the planet-hosting star KELT-9 (A-type star, v sin i ~ 110 km s−1) with the HARPS-N spectrograph at the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo. In this work we analyse the spectra and the extracted radial velocities to constrain the physical parameters of the system and to detect the planetary atmosphere of KELT-9b.
Methods. We extracted the mean stellar line profiles from the high-resolution optical spectra via an analysis based on the least-squares deconvolution technique. Then we computed the stellar radial velocities with a method optimised for fast rotators by fitting the mean stellar line profile with a purely rotational profile instead of using a Gaussian function.
Results. The new spectra and analysis led us to update the orbital and physical parameters of the system, improving in particular the value of the planetary mass to Mp = 2.88 ± 0.35 MJup. We discovered an anomalous in-transit radial velocity deviation from the theoretical Rossiter-McLaughlin effect solution, calculated from the projected spin-orbit angle λ = −85.78 ± 0.46 degrees measured with Doppler tomography. We prove that this deviation is caused by the planetary atmosphere of KELT-9b, thus we call this effect Atmospheric Rossiter-McLaughlin effect. By analysing the magnitude of the radial velocity anomaly, we obtained information on the extension of the planetary atmosphere as weighted by the model used to retrieve the stellar mean line profiles, which is up to 1.22 ± 0.02 Rp.
Conclusions. The Atmospheric Rossiter-McLaughlin effect will be observable for other exoplanets whose atmosphere has non-negligible correlation with the stellar mask used to retrieve the radial velocities, in particular ultra-hot Jupiters with iron in their atmospheres. The duration and amplitude of the effect will depend not only on the extension of the atmosphere, but also on the in-transit planetary radial velocities and on the projected rotational velocity of the parent star.
Dependencies of heat transmittance through the ventilated wall system on thermal conductivity of connectors crossing thermal insulation layer
Authors: Levinskytė Aurelija , Bliūdžius Raimondas , Burlingis Arūnas , Makaveckas Tomas 
Published: September 2019

The ventilated facade systems are widely used for improvement of energy efficiency and reducing of heat losses of newly built buildings and for existing buildings. To reduce the influence of point thermal bridges on heat transfer through the ventilated facades, previous often used aluminium alloy connectors as a change to stainless steel and reinforced plastic connectors. Different thermal characteristics of connectors using in ventilated facade systems, significantly influence the heat transfer coefficient of building’s walls. Previous empirical calculations of the heat transfer through ventilated facade walls with different connectors according to standard methodology and numerical modelling showed significant differences in results, therefore experimental research with the fragments of the ventilated facade systems were carried out using a guarded hotbox method.
The aim of this experimental research was to analyse the heat flows through the ventilated wall system with different kind of heat-conductive connectors. Expanded polystyrene foam (λ – 0,031 W/(m∙K)) was used as thermal insulation material, thickness 300 mm, and three types of heat-conductive connections were installed: aluminum alloy (λ - 160 W/(m∙K)), stainless steel (λ - 17 W/(m∙K)) and glass fiber reinforced plastic (λ – 0,23 W/(m∙K)).
The measurements in the guarded hotbox were useful for analysis of differences in results according to the standard and numerical calculations methods. The experimental studies showed that the results are very close to the numerical simulation results. The empirical calculation method gave similar results to the other two methods, except in the case of highly heat-conductive connectors.
Gestational Weight Gain and Pregnancy Outcomes among Nulliparous Women
Authors: Dude Annie M. , Grobman William , Haas David , Mercer Brian M. , Parry Samuel , Silver Robert M. , Wapner Ronald , Wing Deborah , Saade George , Reddy Uma , Iams Jay , Kominiarek Michelle A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective To determine the association between total gestational weight gain and perinatal outcomes.
Study Design Data from the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-To-Be (NuMoM2b) study were used. Total gestational weight gain was categorized as inadequate, adequate, or excessive based on the 2009 Institute of Medicine guidelines. Outcomes examined included hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, mode of delivery, shoulder dystocia, large for gestational age or small for-gestational age birth weight, and neonatal intensive care unit admission.
Results Among 8,628 women, 1,666 (19.3%) had inadequate, 2,945 (34.1%) had adequate, and 4,017 (46.6%) had excessive gestational weight gain. Excessive gestational weight gain was associated with higher odds of hypertensive disorders (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.78–2.36) Cesarean delivery (aOR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.09–1.41), and large for gestational age birth weight (aOR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.23–1.80), but lower odds of small for gestational age birth weight (aOR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.50–0.71). Conversely, inadequate gestational weight gain was associated with lower odds of hypertensive disorders (aOR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.62–0.92), Cesarean delivery (aOR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.65–0.92), and a large for gestational age birth weight (aOR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.55–0.94), but higher odds of having a small for gestational age birth weight (aOR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.37–1.96).
Conclusion Both excessive and inadequate gestational weight gain are associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Patient and Provider Perceptions of a Patient Navigation Program to Improve Postpartum Care Among Publicly Insured Women
Authors: Hu Fengling , Strohbach Angelina , Martinez Noelle G. , Simon Melissa A. , Yee Lynn M. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective This study was aimed to assess patient and provider perceptions of a postpartum patient navigation program.
Study Design This was a mixed-method assessment of a postpartum patient navigation program. Navigating New Motherhood (NNM) participants completed a follow-up survey including the Patient Satisfaction with Interpersonal Relationship with Navigator (PSN-I) scale and an open-ended question. PSN-I scores were analyzed descriptively. Eighteen provider stakeholders underwent in-depth interviews to gauge program satisfaction, perceived outcomes, and ideas for improvement. Qualitative data were analyzed by the constant comparative method.
Results In this population of low-income, minority women, participants (n = 166) were highly satisfied with NNM. The median PSN-I score was 45 out of 45 (interquartile range [IQR]: 43–45), where a higher score corresponds to higher satisfaction. Patient feedback was also highly positive, though a small number desired more navigator support. Provider stakeholders offered consistently positive program feedback, expressing satisfaction with NNM execution and outcomes. Provider stakeholders noted that navigators avoided inhibiting clinic workflow and eased clinic administrative burden. They perceived NNM improved multiple clinical and satisfaction outcomes. All provider stakeholders believed that NNM should be sustained long-term; suggestions for improvement were offered.
Conclusion A postpartum patient navigation program can perceivably improve patient satisfaction, clinical care, and clinic workflow without burden to clinic providers.
Comparing Glucose Challenge Test Screening Thresholds in Obese and Overweight Gravidas
Authors: MacGregor Caitlin , Has Phin , Nardella Deanna , Werner Erika 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective Given the paucity of contemporary data examining glucose challenge test (GCT), thresholds for gestational diabetes (GDM) screening in obese and overweight women, we sought to compare the sensitivity and testing characteristics of different screen positive GCT cut-offs in women with a prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2.
Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study of obese and overweight women with singleton pregnancies who underwent GCT between 24 and 296/7 weeks and had a value between 130 and 199 mg/dL necessitating a 3-hour glucose tolerance test (GTT). Exclusion criteria were pregestational diabetes mellitus, multigestation, use of diabetes medications, and bariatric surgery.
Results Between August 2015 and January 2016, 19% (n = 496) of women with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 required a GTT to test for GDM, 27.8% (n = 138) of whom were diagnosed with GDM. Mean age was 30 years, mean BMI = 31.6 kg/m2, and 30.4% were Hispanic. The 130 mg/dL threshold compared with 140 mg/dL was more sensitive (absolute increase: 11.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.7–17%), but less specific (absolute decrease: 6.4%, 95% CI: 5.5–7.5%).
Conclusion Shared decision making should be used to determine GCT cut-offs as some patients may prefer to undergo a GTT rather than miss a diagnosis of GDM.
Shoulder Dystocia during Delivery and Long-Term Neurological Morbidity of the Offspring
Authors: Zamstein Omri , Harari Ziv , Sheiner Eyal , Wainstock Tamar 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective The study aimed to evaluate risk factors and implications of shoulder dystocia (SD) on the neurological outcome of successfully delivered offspring.
Study Design This is a cohort analysis including 207,571 deliveries. Risk factors for SD were evaluated using general estimation equation multivariable analyses. Offspring hospitalization incidence up to age 18 years due to neurological conditions was compared between both groups. Kaplan–Meyer curve was used to assess the cumulative hospitalization incidence. Cox proportional hazards model was used to control for confounders.
Results SD complicated 0.2% (n = 353) of deliveries included in the study (n = 207,571). Risk factors for SD were fetal macrosomia, maternal diabetes mellitus, male gender, and advanced maternal age (p < 0.05 for all). Higher perinatal mortality was observed among SD cases (2.8 vs. 0.4%, p < 0.001). In most of the investigated neurological conditions no significant differences were found between the groups. Comparable rates of cumulative neurological-related hospitalization were observed (log rank p-value = 0.342) as well as lack of association between SD and neurological hospitalization (adjusted HR = 0.73; 95% CI 0.36–1.47; p = 0.381) when controlled for gestational age.
Conclusion Risk factors for SD are macrosomia, diabetes mellitus, male gender, and advanced maternal age. SD is not associated with long-term neurological morbidity of the offspring.
Tidal Volumes and Outcome of Extubation in Mechanically Ventilated Premature Infants
Authors: Dassios Theodore , Williams Emma , Ambulkar Hemant , Shetty Sandeep , Hickey Ann , Greenough Anne 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objectives To compare the adjusted and unadjusted-for-weight tidal volume (VT) in ventilated prematurely born infants who were successfully extubated compared with the ones who failed extubation and explore the ability of VT to predict successful extubation.
Study Design This is a two-center, prospective, observational, cohort study of ventilated infants born <32 weeks of gestational age (GA) at King's College Hospital and St George's University Hospital, London, United Kingdom between February and September 2018. Expiratory VT was recorded before extubation, and extubation was considered successful if the infants were not reintubated within 72 hours.
Results Fifty-six (29 male) infants with a median (interquartile range) GA of 26 (25–29) weeks were studied. The infants who successfully extubated (N = 36) had a higher GA (27 [25–30] weeks) and VT (7.2 [4.8–9.5] mL) compared with the GA (25 [24–26] weeks) and VT (4.3 [4.0–5.5] mL) of the infants who failed extubation (p = 0.002 and p = 0.001, respectively). VT/kg was not different in infants who successfully extubated compared with the ones who failed extubation (p = 0.643). Following multivariate regression, VT was associated with extubation success (adjusted p = 0.022) and GA was not (adjusted p = 0.167). A VT > 4.5 mL predicted successful extubation with 82% sensitivity and 58% specificity (area under the curve = 0.786).
Conclusion Successful extubation was associated with higher unadjusted-for-weight VTs compared with failed extubation, and unadjusted VT predicted extubation outcome with moderate sensitivity and specificity.
Evaluation of Total Antioxidant Capacity and Total Oxidant Status of Preterm and Term Breast Milk during the Course of Lactation and within a Nursing Session
Authors: Deniz Asli , Aydemir Ozge , Cakil Saglik Adviye , Sekili Zekiye , Kusku Kiraz Zeynep , Kar Ezgi , Tekin Neslihan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective Breast milk (BM) contains antioxidant molecules which may offer protection against oxidative stress (OS). We aim to investigate oxidant–antioxidant balance in preterm BM during the course of lactation and within a nursing session.
Study Design Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant status (TOS) were measured in colostrum, transitional, and mature BM samples of preterm infants born earlier than 34th week of pregnancy and healthy term infants. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. Foremilk and hindmilk samples were collected separately.
Results In colostrum and transitional milk, TAC (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively) and TOS (p = 0.005 and p < 0.001, respectively) were lower in preterm BM compared with term BM. OSI was also lower in preterm BM, but it was statistically significant only in transitional milk (p < 0.001). TAC was highest in colostrum and decreased through the course of lactation. However, the decrease in TAC was not statistically significant in preterm BM. Lowest values of TOS and OSI were observed in colostrum. In transitional term BM, hindmilk had a better oxidant–antioxidant profile as indicated by lower TOS and OSI.
Conclusion Oxidant–antioxidant balance is preserved in BM in every stage of lactation. Preterm BM has lower OSI which may offer benefits to preterm newborn against OS.
First Comparative Study of the Effectiveness of the Use of Tranexamic Acid against ε-Aminocapróic Acid via the Oral Route for the Reduction of Postoperative Bleeding in TKA: A Clinical Trial
Authors: Morales-Avalos Rodolfo , Ramos-Morales Tomas , Espinoza-Galindo Ana María , Garay-Mendoza Domingo , Peña-Martínez Víctor M. , Marfil-Rivera Luis Javier , Garza-Ocañas Lourdes , Acosta-Olivo Carlos , Cerda-Barbosa Jessica K. , Valdés-González Nancy L. , Vílchez-Cavazos Félix 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTotal primary knee replacement results in significant postoperative bleeding. There are reports that 20 to 50% of the patients require a blood transfusion, which has been related to many complications, resulting in the search for strategies to reduce bleeding. The use of oral antifibrinolytics is becoming a low cost and safe way of achieving this goal. The hypothesis of this study was that the use of oral aminocaproic acid could provide similar results to the use of oral tranexamic acid (TXA). The purpose was to compare the effects of oral aminocaproic acid as a hemostatic agent versus the use of oral TXA administered in multiple doses pre and postsurgery in patients undergoing total primary knee replacement. We enrolled 92 patients that were randomly divided into two groups: received three doses of aminocaproic acid (2,000 mg per dose) or three doses of oral TXA (1,300 mg per dose). The drugs were administered according to the following schedule: 2 hours before surgery and 6 and 12 hours after surgery. The variables that were analyzed to compare the effectiveness of the hemostatic agents were total blood loss; hidden blood loss; external blood loss; transfusion rate; intraoperative blood loss; decreases in hemoglobin and hematocrit values; surgical drainage output; visual analogue scale; and surgical complications. There were no significant differences between any of the study variables for the group receiving oral aminocaproic acid and the group receiving oral TXA (p > 0.05), with the exception of patients who received TXA, who presented with more adverse events (p = 0.04). Our study showed that the use of oral aminocaproic acid was similar to its counterpart TXA regarding the evaluated parameters. Although patients who received TXA presented an average of 140 mL less blood loss than patients in the ε-ACA group, the difference did not appear to be clinically important, the transfusion rate was very low, and there were no between-group differences in postoperative complications.
Weaponizing words
Authors: Abdelzaher Esra’ M. , Essam Bacem A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This paper draws on Pratt’s (2009) description of the key linguistic
operations in war-making: exhortation, offense, deception and mediation. The study postulates that ISIS enacts the four operations
in the radicalization of Muslims in Arabic and Western countries. Using FrameNet, the four concepts are mapped to four frames:
Attempt_suasion, Cause_emotion, Intentional_deception and Translating. Frame-based analysis
of a comparable corpus representing bilingual publications of ISIS is carried out to explore these operations. Corpus tools
complemented the analysis with detecting contrastive rhetorical tactics and chronological changes ISIS imposes to radicalize
followers. Findings highlight the destructive effect of transliterated words in the English corpus and refer to the significance
of exhortation in the studied Arabic corpus.