bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of changes in color and color parameters of light-cured composite resin after alternative polymerization methods
Authors: Karaarslan Emine Sirin , Mehmet Bulbul , Ertan Ertas , Cebe Mehmet Ata , Usumez Aslihan 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTObjective:To examine the amount of change in color and color parameters of a composite resin (Filtek P60) polymerized by five different polymerization methods.Methods: A Teflon mold (6mm in diameter, 2mm in height) was used to prepare the composite resin discs (n=10). G1: Polymerization with inlay oven; G2: Polymerization with HQTH and autoclave; G3: Polymerization with LED and autoclave; G4: Polymerization with HQTH; G5: Polymerization with LED. Colorimetric values of the specimens before and after polymerization were measured using a spectrophotometer. The CIE L*a*b color system was used for the determination of color difference. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data for significant differences. Tukey’s HSD test and paired two-tailed tests were used to perform multiple comparisons (α=.05).Results: There were no significant differences in total color change (ΔE*ab) among the polymerization groups (P>.05). However, the lowest color change (ΔE*ab) value was 3.3 in LED and autoclave; the highest color change (ΔE*ab) value was 4.6 in HQTH. For all groups, CIE L*, C*ab and a*values decreased after polymerization (P<.05). The highest Δb* and ΔC*ab values were observed in specimens polymerized in an inlay oven (P<.05).Conclusion: Composite resin material showed color changes above the clinically accepted value in all study groups (ΔE*ab≥3.3). All specimens became darker during investigation (ΔL*< 0). Specimens polymerized with inlay oven presented the highest Δb* values which means less yellow color in specimens. (Eur J Dent 2013;7:110-116)
Social history and exposure to pathogen signals modulate social status effects on gene regulation in rhesus macaques
Authors: Sanz Joaquín , Maurizio Paul L. , Snyder-Mackler Noah , Simons Noah D. , Voyles Tawni , Kohn Jordan , Michopoulos Vasiliki , Wilson Mark , Tung Jenny , Barreiro Luis B. 
Published: October 2019

Significance
Social adversity is strongly linked to health and fitness outcomes in humans and other social mammals. This observation arises in part through “biological embedding”: persistent, social environment-induced biological changes that may affect immune function. Here we show that low social status in female rhesus macaques leads to a highly proinflammatory response to both bacterial and viral challenge. In addition, we show that past social status also affects gene expression, and that past low status leads to reduced sensitivity to current social conditions. Thus, the first line of defense in the macaque immune system is altered by both current social conditions and a biological memory of past events. Our results provide insight into how social adversity gets under the skin over long time spans.
Maternal prenatal stress phenotypes associate with fetal neurodevelopment and birth outcomes
Authors: Walsh Kate , McCormack Clare A. , Webster Rachel , Pinto Anita , Lee Seonjoo , Feng Tianshu , Krakovsky H. Sloan , O’Grady Sinclaire M. , Tycko Benjamin , Champagne Frances A. , Werner Elizabeth A. , Liu Grace , Monk Catherine 
Published: October 2019

Significance
Despite decades of prenatal programming research showing that “the womb may be more important than the home” with respect to offspring health outcomes, no studies of which we are aware have considered multiple indicators of maternal stress to identify the types of maternal stress that most influence developing offspring. This study’s key contributions include the use of a data-driven procedure to specify types of maternal stress—psychological and subclinical physical health indicators—that predict offspring outcomes including sex at birth, risk of preterm birth, and fetal neurodevelopment. Social support is a key factor differentiating the stress groups and a malleable intervention target to improve offspring outcomes.
Fundamental helical geometry consolidates the plant photosynthetic membrane
Authors: Bussi Yuval , Shimoni Eyal , Weiner Allon , Kapon Ruti , Charuvi Dana , Nevo Reinat , Efrati Efi , Reich Ziv 
Published: October 2019

SignificanceThe intricate structure of the membrane network that hosts the primary steps of photosynthesis in plant chloroplasts has intrigued scientists for decades. Here, we used electron tomography to determine this structure. We found that the network is consolidated by arrays of right- and left-handed helical structures. Similar arrangements of pitch-balanced helical elements of alternating handedness were proposed to be present in the endoplasmic reticulum and, remarkably, in ultradense nuclear matter. These arrays thus likely represent a universal means to connect between densely packed layers or sheets.
Alternative pathway androgen biosynthesis and human fetal female virilization
Authors: Reisch Nicole , Taylor Angela E. , Nogueira Edson F. , Asby Daniel J. , Dhir Vivek , Berry Andrew , Krone Nils , Auchus Richard J. , Shackleton Cedric H. L. , Hanley Neil A. , Arlt Wiebke 
Published: October 2019

Significance
In the classic androgen biosynthesis pathway, testosterone is converted to 5α-dihydrotestosterone, a step crucially required for normal male genital virilization. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to P450 oxidoreductase deficiency (PORD) is an inborn disorder that disrupts classic androgen biosynthesis. However, some affected girls present with severe genital virilization at birth. We hypothesized that this is explained by a prenatally active, alternative biosynthesis pathway to 5α-dihydrotestosterone. We show that adrenals and genital skin cooperate to produce androgens via the alternative pathway during the major period of human sexual differentiation and that neonates with PORD still produce alternative pathway androgens during the first weeks of life. This indicates that alternative pathway androgen biosynthesis drives prenatal virilization in CAH due to PORD.
Cellular defects resulting from disease-related myosin II mutations in
Drosophila
Authors: Kasza Karen E. , Supriyatno Sara , Zallen Jennifer A. 
Published: October 2019

Significance
Cells require forces generated by the contractile actomyosin cytoskeleton to remodel and shape tissues. In humans, mutations in the myosin II motor are associated with a wide range of diseases, but the cellular mechanisms that underlie disease physiologies are not well understood. Using in vivo imaging and biophysical approaches, we show that engineering human disease mutations in fruit fly myosin II produces proteins with altered organization and dynamics that fail to drive rapid cell movements, resulting in abnormalities in embryo shape. Because many genes and cell behaviors are shared between fruit flies and humans, these results may reveal mechanisms underlying myosin II-related diseases in humans.
Rotation and propulsion in 3D active chiral droplets
Authors: Carenza Livio Nicola , Gonnella Giuseppe , Marenduzzo Davide , Negro Giuseppe 
Published: October 2019

SignificanceChirality plays an important role in many biological systems. Biomolecules, such as DNA, actin, or microtubules, form helical structures, which at sufficiently high density and in the absence of active forces, tend to self-assemble into twisted cholesteric phases. We study the effect of activity on a droplet of chiral matter, finding a surprisingly rich range of dynamical behaviors ranging from spontaneous rotations to screw-like motion. The phenomena that we uncover require both thermodynamic chirality and activity and are linked to the nontrivial topology of the defects that form by necessity at the droplet surface. It would be of interest to look for analogues of the motility modes found here in chiral microorganisms occurring in nature or in synthetic active matter.
Cytosolic delivery of inhibitory antibodies with cationic lipids
Authors: Wang Hejia Henry , Tsourkas Andrew 
Published: October 2019

Significance
Antibodies are important research tools because they can be developed to bind to as well as directly inhibit almost any protein. Unfortunately, antibodies cannot cross the plasma membrane and are therefore limited to perturbing membrane or secreted protein activity. We found that by appending anionic polypeptides (ApPs) to immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies, they could be complexed with cationic lipids, originally designed for nucleic acid delivery, through electrostatic interactions to enable efficient cytosolic antibody delivery. By fusing ApPs to photoreactive antibody-binding domains, we can rapidly functionalize almost any off-the-shelf IgG without genetic reengineering of the cargo IgG. Our cytosolically delivered antibodies are capable of inhibiting intracellular proteins, establishing a new approach for studying intracellular protein function with inhibitory antibodies.
Maximum power and corresponding efficiency for two-level heat engines and refrigerators: optimality of fast cycles
Authors: Erdman P A , Cavina V , Fazio R , Taddei F , Giovannetti V 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We study how to achieve the ultimate power in the simplest, yet non-trivial, model of a thermal machine, namely a two-level quantum system coupled to two thermal baths. Without making any prior assumption on the protocol, via optimal control we show that, regardless of the microscopic details and of the operating mode of the thermal machine, the maximum power is universally achieved by a fast Otto-cycle like structure in which the controls are rapidly switched between two extremal values. A closed formula for the maximum power is derived, and finite-speed effects are discussed. We also analyze the associated efficiency at maximum power showing that, contrary to universal results derived in the slow-driving regime, it can approach Carnot’s efficiency, no other universal bounds being allowed.
The role of oil palm biomass recycling on soil health in oil palm plantations
Authors: Tarigan R.S. , Suhardi  , Wahyuningsih R. , Pujianto  , Wahyuningsih P.A. , Marichal R. , Caliman J.P. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Oil palm cultivation produces a massive amount of biomass (e.g., empty fruit bunches (EFB), frond and trunk) which could be recycled directly in the plantation to maintain/improve the quality of soils. The impact of this biomass recycling, i.e., EFB and frond, - in term of chemical, physical and biological characteristics, will be analyzed. The fresh application of the EFB could alternate most of the soil parameters in line with the kinetics of the decomposition of the EFB and the release of nutrients. For example, the pH of the soil after the EFB application was higher during more than 18 months compared to the initial situation. Soil exchangeable potassium increased dramatically within a few days after EFB spreading. Frond recycling, at harvesting and pruning, modifies the chemical and physical characteristics of soils whether they were applied on heaps between palms in dedicated inter-rows, or spread on harvesting paths where they could reduce run-off and erosion. The systematic distribution of fronds in inter-rows reduced rainwater run-off by more than 30%, even on 5% gentle slopes. Subsequently, soil loss through erosion was reduced by 65% depending on the slope intensity of the terrain. Consequently, the loss of nutrients was considerably reduced, resulting in higher fertilizer efficiency. Similar measurements have been done when applying fresh EFB to the soil. The impact on soil physical fertility, i.e., rainwater infiltration rate and subsequently soil humidity are improved. We have also recorded a reduction of the soil resistance to penetration, as well as an improvement of the soil aggregate stability. Several representative parameters of soil biological activity, i.e., soil fauna feeding activity using bait-lamina test system and earthworm’ population showed the positive impact of EFB applications as well as frond spreading in inter-rows.
Fresh fruit bunch production of oil palm plantation in the lowland area of Sembilang Dangku Landscape
Authors: Segara Rio Octarizza , Hariyadi  , Sukarman  , Santoso Kresno Dwi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The results of the study showed that Sembilang Dangku Landscape had known two types of soil namely peat soil and mineral soil. Detail information for peat soil in this area namely Typic Haplosaprists and Typic Haplohemists meanwhile, for mineral soil, there are two types of soil that have been identified at these locations namely Inceptisols (Typic Endoaquepts and Typic Humaquepts) and Entisols (Typic Sulfaquents). This study aimed to analyze the production of oil palm plantations in lowland areas on marginal land. This research was conducted at six locations of oil palm plantations in Musi Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra province. The methods used were descriptive quantitative and qualitative calculation of FFB (fresh fruit bunches) production that compared the standard potential production of the Palm Oil Research Center (PPKS referred in Indonesia). The yield of FFB oil palm productivity (ton/ha) on marginal land showed that Typic Haplosaprists, Typic Haplohemists and Typic Endoaquepts, Typic Humaquepts did not have a significant effect because yield from plantation management produced FFB production oil palm was quite good. The effect that has quite a different production is Entisols (Typic Sulfaquents) or L6 locations. Based on this research, the type of soil is a factor that greatly affects the productivity of oil palm.
Mix design of low-cement concrete with particle packing concept and superplasticizer application
Authors: Antoni A , Hardi E , Tandean R D , Hardjito D 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The amount of cement paste used in concrete depends on aggregate particle packing, where the denser combination among particles with different particle sizes results in a minimum volume of voids (Vv). Theoretically, cement paste volume (Vp) is required to fill the void with the combination of fine and coarse aggregate, i.e., Vp/Vv = 100%. The purpose of this paper was to propose a concrete mix design method that could maximize the particle packing of aggregates to reduce the cement content in concrete mixture, hence producing low-cement concrete (LCC). The variables proposed were the ratio between the volume of paste to the volume of voids (Vp/Vv) as opposed to the cement content and the use of superplasticizer to control the workability of the fresh concrete. The results showed that by the combination of multi-sized coarse aggregates and fine aggregate, the smallest void volume of 23.5% could be achieved. The theoretically lowest cement content needed for a mixture with w/c 0.5 was 287 kg/m3. However, after trial mixing, the cement requirement was found to be almost equal with conventional concrete, i.e., about 310 kg/m3. Workability of the mixture depended on the paste volume to void volume ratio (Vp/Vv > 100%) and was greatly influenced by the superplasticizer content. The use of excessive superplasticizer could cause bleeding due to lack of fine particles in the low cement concrete mixture. The use of cementitious material, such as fly ash by 50%, to replace cement, significantly improves the workability and reduces the cement content below the minimum cement requirement with similar compressive strength as the water to cementitious ratio mainly controls compressive strength.
Using viscosity-modifying admixture to increase the cohesion of low-cement concrete mixture
Authors: Antoni A , Andreas A , Christian E , Hardjito D 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Low-cement concrete (LCC) is made by considering the particle packing of the constituent material. The minimal content of cement paste is achieved by optimizing the coarse and fine aggregate particle size gradation to reduce the void volume (Vv) between the aggregate particles. Theoretically, the minimum cement paste can be calculated as the cementitious paste volume (Vp) filling the entire void volume (Vp/Vv = 100%). Practically, low fine or powder material content would reduce concrete mixture cohesion and cause bleeding and segregation. Viscosity-modifying admixture (VMA) can be added as an alternative to adding more cement powder or supplementary cementitious materials to improve the cohesion and stability of the LCC matrix. This study investigated the role of VMA addition in increasing stability in low water to cement ratio (w/c) mortar with an excessive dosage of superplasticizer and in high w/c mortar designed with low cement content. The results showed that adding VMA reduced bleeding and increased cohesion in the fresh mixture, and also increased the compressive strength of the hardened mortar. Although the addition of VMA cannot increase the workability of LCC, it had a beneficial effect when added to an LCC mixture as the 28-day compressive strength of the concrete with w/c of 0.5 was increased from 18.68 MPa to 22.93 MPa by adding 0.4% VMA by mass of cement.
Study of mechanical properties of fly ash-based geopolymer concrete
Authors: Hardjasaputra H , Cornelia M , Gunawan Y , Surjaputra I V , Lie H A , Rachmansyah  , Pranata Ng G 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The world is facing the challenges of climate changes due to the increase in CO2 emissions. Cement production is one of the biggest contributors to CO2 emissions due to combustion processes that require high temperatures. The new development in building construction showed that fly ash based Geopolymer concrete can be as structure materials to reduce or even eliminate ordinary Portland cement concrete. This paper presented the research results of fly ash based geopolymer concrete mechanical properties, like the compressive strength, flexural strength, and Elastic Modulus. The data were collected from the test results of geopolymer concrete specimens made from 2 sources of Fly Ash with varying concentration of sodium hydroxide solution from 4 M up to 12 M. The range of achieved compressive strength was from normal to high strength concrete. The correlation between the compressive strength and flexural strength and the Elastic Modulus of geopolymer concrete will be the highlight of this paper. The mathematical formulation of compressive strength and its flexural strength and Elastic modulus will be determined and compared with normal Portland Cement Concrete.
Fiber-reinforced lightweight foamed concrete panels suitable for 3D printing applications
Authors: Falliano D , Sciarrone A , De Domenico D , Maugeri N , Longo P , Gugliandolo E , Ricciardi G 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This contribution presents a set of experimental results on fiber-reinforced innovative lightweight panels (FRIL-panels) having thickness of 12mm. These panels are prepared with a peculiar foamed concrete that has a high viscosity and cohesion in the fresh state, which makes it particularly suitable for 3D printing applications. The FRIL-panels can be used for internal partitions, external infills, and suspended ceilings of buildings as more effective solutions than conventional plasterboard ones, with better thermal insulation and acoustic absorption properties due to the internal air-void microstructure. The aim of this work is to investigate the out-of-plane resistance of FRIL-panels, prepared with a density of 800kg/m3, under displacement-controlled three-point bending tests. In view of potential use in the precast industry, the FRIL-panels were placed into an accelerated concrete curing tank so as to speed up the overall production process. Modulus of rupture, ultimate deflection and collapse mode of FRIL-panels are critically analysed and discussed.
Self-healing of hardened cement paste affected by additional Ca2+ and CO3
2- ions with temperature control
Authors: Choi H , Inoue M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A self-healing phenomenon, in which the cracks become partially refilled as a result of rehydration of cement particles and deposition of CaCO3, has been observed in narrow cracks under a constant supply of moisture. Also, according to previous studies, the self-healing performance can be maximized by changing the temperature and pH to control the crystal form of CaCO3. In this study, attention was paid to the crystal form of CaCO3 generated in the self-healing process of a cement-based composite material and, in order to generate denser crystal of CaCO3, the change in the crystal form of CaCO3 generated in the hardened cement paste by changing the temperature condition was observed and analyzed. Also, to increase generation of CaCO3 which is a self-healing precipitate, nano-sized ultrafine CO32- bubbles using CO2 gas were used along with effective supply of Ca2+ through adjustment of aqueous solution. As a result, the possibility for effective generation and control of denser vaterite together with calcite was confirmed by adjusting the temperature to about 40°C under the condition of pH 12.
Exploring the knowledge of Prevention through Design (PtD) among Malaysian civil & structural designers
Authors: Che Ibrahim C K I , Belayutham S , Azmi E A , Hussain A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Devastating accidents in construction projects have elevated interests on providing early attention to safety hazards in design phase. Calls for changes in safety practice, through the Prevention through Design (PtD) concept has become increasingly vocal in various countries. In Malaysia, a Guidelines of Occupational Safety And Health in Construction Industry (Management) (OSHCI(M)), which stems from the PtD concept was launched to provide guidance for designers to enhance their PtD capability. This paper aims to explore the current PtD knowledge among C&S designers, in order to gauge the initial understanding towards OSHCI(M) implementation. Data were collected from 70 C&S designers in Malaysia through questionnaire survey and discussion conducted from four series of PtD workshops. The findings revealed that despite the current state of C&S designer’s knowledge still needs to be improved, majority of them have been very positive and supportive on the OSHCI(M) implementation. A number of recommendations towards improving the PtD knowledge have been highlighted; PtD early education; the use of pedagogical approach in PtD teaching; continuous training and establish integrated PtD educational resources. This study extends the PtD literature in construction context, in particular into the advancements towards improving the PtD knowledge among designers in the developing countries.