bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple Rings of Millimeter Dust Emission in the HD 15115 Debris Disk
Authors: MacGregor Meredith A. , Weinberger Alycia J. , Nesvold Erika R. , Hughes A. Meredith , Wilner D. J. , Currie Thayne , Debes John H. , Donaldson Jessica K. , Redfield Seth , Roberge Aki , Schneider Glenn 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We present observations of the HD 15115 debris disk from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) at 1.3 mm that capture this intriguing system with the highest resolution (0.″6 or 29 au) at millimeter wavelengths to date. This new ALMA image shows evidence for two rings in the disk separated by a cleared gap. By fitting models directly to the observed visibilities within a Markov Chain Monte Carlo framework, we are able to characterize the millimeter continuum emission and place robust constraints on the disk structure and geometry. In the best-fit model of a power-law disk with a Gaussian gap, the disk inner and outer edges are at 43.9 ± 5.8 au (0.″89 ± 0.″12) and 92.2 ± 2.4 au (1.″88 ± 0.″49), respectively, with a gap located at 58.9 ± 4.5 au (1.″2 ± 0.″10) with a fractional depth of 0.88 ± 0.10 and a width of 13.8 ± 5.6 au (0.″28 ± 0.″11). Because we do not see any evidence at millimeter wavelengths for the dramatic east–west asymmetry seen in scattered light, we conclude that this feature most likely results from a mechanism that only affects small grains. Using dynamical modeling and our constraints on the gap properties, we are able to estimate a mass for the possible planet sculpting the gap to be 0.16 ± 0.06 M
Jup.
NLRP6 Deficiency in CD4 T Cells Decreases T Cell Survival Associated with Increased Cell Death
Authors: Radulovic Katarina , Ayata C. Korcan , Mak'Anyengo Rachel , Lechner Kristina , Wuggenig Philipp , Kaya Berna , Hruz Petr , Gomez de Agüero Mercedes , Broz Petr , Weigmann Benno , Niess Jan Hendrik 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors belong to the family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). NOD-like receptors play a role in regulation of innate immune response by recognition of both pathogen-associated molecular patterns that are engulfed during phagocytic process and danger-associated molecular patterns that are mainly byproducts of cell stress mediated response. NOD-like family pyrin domain containing 6 (NLRP6) is one of the 14 pyrin domain–containing receptors. NLRP6 is highly expressed by epithelial and goblet cells to regulate epithelial renewal and mucus production in mice and humans, but its function in T cells is rather unknown. Increased caspase-1 activation and cell death were observed in mouse Nlrp6–deficient T cells following adoptive transfer into Rag2-deficient mice, indicating that Nlrp6 deficiency in CD4+ T cells led to decreased survival.
Nicotine Attenuates Osteoarthritis Pain and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression via the α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor
Authors: Teng Peng , Liu Yuan , Dai Yan , Zhang Haijun , Liu Wen-Tao , Hu Jun 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that causes chronic disability among the elderly. Despite recent advances in symptomatic management of OA by pharmacological and surgical approaches, there remains a lack of optimal approaches to manage inflammation in the joints, which causes cartilage degradation and pain. In this study, we investigated the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of nicotine exposure in attenuating joint inflammation, cartilage degradation, and pain in a mouse model of OA. A mouse model of OA was induced by injection of monosodium iodoacetate into the knee joint. Cell culture models were also used to study the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of nicotine treatment in attenuating symptoms of OA. Nicotine treatment reduced mechanical allodynia, cartilage degradation, and the upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), a hallmark of joint inflammation in OA, in mice treated with monosodium iodoacetate. The effects of nicotine were abolished by the selective α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) blocker, methyllycaconitine . In RAW264.7 cells and murine primary bone marrow–derived macrophages, nicotine significantly inhibited MMP-9 production induced by LPS. In addition, nicotine significantly enhanced PI3K/Akt and inhibited NF-κB translocation from the cytosol to the nucleus in an α7-nAChR–dependent manner, suggesting that nicotine acts on α7-nAChRs to inhibit MMP-9 production by macrophages through modulation of the PI3K/Akt–NF-κB pathway. Our results provide novel evidence that nicotine can attenuate joint inflammation and pain in experimental OA via α7-nAChRs. α7-nAChR could thus serve as a highly promising target to manage joint inflammation and pain in OA.
The cup as metaphor and symbol: A cognitive linguistics perspective
Authors: Bosman Nerina 
Published: May 2019

Although the Afrikaans word beker carries strong religious and other connotations, among them references to the Eucharist cup, the contribution of this article is to highlight, within a cognitive semantics framework, the role that cognitive mechanisms such as metaphor and metonymy played in the creation of this symbol. The article aims to illustrate the following: that the two signs of the Christian Eucharist, the bread and the wine, are grounded in conceptual metaphors of eating and drinking; that two conceptual drink metaphors are present when the symbol of the cup is analysed; that a related concept, that of metonymy, acts as a cognitive trigger, thus enabling the realisation of the symbol; and that other factors such as culture and religious symbolism played a significant role in the whole process. A corpus linguistics methodology is used to identify expressions containing the word beker. In analysing the expressions, Conceptual Metaphor Theory is used as a theoretical framework. It is found that conceptual metaphors such as nourishment is drinking and suffering is drinking underlie metaphoric expressions with beker. The metonymy container [the cup] for contained [the wine or blood] plays an important role in enabling the metaphors. In the images of the Eucharist cup and the broken bread, powerful metaphors arising from our bodily experience, denoting suffering and death on the one hand, and joy, nourishment and life on the other hand, are united to form the symbol.
Determining Critical Success Factors for Quality and Accreditation through Delphi Technique
Authors: Ilyas Mohammed 
Published: May 2019

This is an exploratory study which inquires and investigates the difficulties associated with Quality Assurance (QA) and Program Accreditation. The study highlights specific issues faced in the adoption and implementation of QA standards, sub standards and criteria. It identifies a few critical success factors (CSFs) and indigenised QA tools for program accreditation in Saudi Universities. The CSFs include Stakeholders’ involvement, Top management support, orientation of staff with QA processes and standards, defining administrative procedures of accreditation, continuous quality improvement and assimilation of QA processes in day-to-day environment. Concurring with the Saudi Vision 2030 and National Transformation Program 2020, this study took the empirical approach and collected data from documentations and guidelines related to the National mission of QA and Accreditation initiated by agencies like National Centre for Academic Assessment and Accreditation (NCAAA) and Saudi Arabia Quality Framework (SAQF). This study suggests using the Delphi technique to evaluate the current scenario and ensure predictability judgments for a successful implementation of CSFs and best practices. As a group communication technique, the Delphi technique ideally suited this study making use of a group of individuals (e.g Faculty, Assessors) engaging themselves in resolving complex issues through a consensus. The Delphi technique is also indispensably relevant where no historical data exist, as many programs in Saudi universities are still not accredited. Finally, the Delphi Technique is also a method that helps identify risks, reduce bias in the data and estimate the outcome of events, truly representing predictability and versatility. The implications of this study include offering guidelines to programs and institutions undergo an accreditation process, by identifying true CSF and best practices.
Direct Lateral Approach for Triple Pelvic Osteotomy
Authors: Grigoryan Grigor , Korcek Lucas , Eidelman Mark , Paley Dror , Nelson Scott 
Published: May 2019

Introduction:
Triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO) involves periacetabular osteotomies of the ilium, ischium, and pubis to reorient the acetabulum. This operation is indicated in certain situations for the treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip, dysplastic neuromuscular hips, and for containment of the femoral head in cases of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease.

Methods:
This retrospective cohort study compares radiographic outcomes of patients who underwent TPO using two different techniques and describes a novel single-incision direct lateral approach. TPO was performed on 22 patients by the senior author. The first 10 patients underwent TPO through a single-incision anterolateral approach. The last 12 patients underwent TPO using the direct lateral approach. Preoperative and postoperative pelvic radiographs were reviewed for each patient, and the migration index and center-edge angle were recorded.

Results:
The migration index and center-edge angle were evaluated and were not found to be significantly different between the anterolateral and direct lateral groups. The direct lateral approach is described.

Conclusion:
The direct lateral approach for TPO is equivalent to the anterolateral approach on radiographic evaluation. Advantages of the direct lateral approach include direct visualization of the ischial osteotomy, effective mobilization of the acetabulum, and safety of the sciatic nerve.
Asma de inicio en la infancia: descripción de su impacto en la personalidad y en el bienestar emocional en una muestra de mujeres adolescentes
Authors: Lacruz-Gascón Tatiana , Moraleda-Merino Jessica , Graell-Berna Montserrat , Villa-Asensi José Ramón , Sepúlveda-García Ana Rosa 
Published: May 2019

Abstract: Asthma of childhood onset: Impact of personality and psychopathology in a sample of adolescents.Asthma is the most common chronic disease in childhood, with a prevalence of 14%. The aim of this study was to examine the personality profile and psychopathology in a sample of adolescents with asthma, and their relationship with the clinical variables of this disease. Participants were thirty girls with asthma of between 12 and 17 years old. Twenty-two per cent had a comorbid psychological disorder and 36.7% a pathological interference of obsessive-compulsive symptomatology. We also found higher scores on Novelty Seeking and Reward Dependence, and lower scores on Persistence and Spirituality. There were no significant relationships between the clinical variables and the psychopathology variables. The relationship between asthma and psychopathological variables is still not very clear and more research is needed in order to improve the treatment of asthmatic patients.Keywords:Asthma; personality; adolescent; anxiety; depression. Resumen:El asma es la enfermedad crónica más común en la infancia, con una prevalencia del 14%. El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar el perfil de personalidad y de psicopatología en una muestra de adolescentes con asma, y su relación con las variables clínicas de la enfermedad de asma. Las participantes fueron treinta chicas con asma y una edad comprendida entre los 12-17 años. Se encontró que un 22% presentó un trastorno psicológico comórbido, y un 36.7% una interferencia patológica de los síntomas obsesivo-compulsivos. También encontramos una mayor Búsqueda de Novedad y Dependencia de la Recompensa, y una menor Persistencia y Espiritualidad. No se encontraron relaciones significativas entre las variables relacionadas con la enfermedad de asma y las variables de psicopatología. La relación entre el asma y las variables de psicopatologíasigue sin estar clara y se necesita más investigación al respecto para mejorar la intervención en los pacientes con asma.Palabras clave:Asma; personalidad; adolescentes; ansiedad; depresión.
Comparison of Apically Extruded Debris Associated with Different Nickel–Titanium Systems
Authors: KELEŞ Ahmet , UZUNOĞLU ÖZYÜREK Emel , UYSAL Serdar , TUNCEL Behram , UYANİK Özgür , NAGAŞ Emre 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of different instrument systems on the amount of extruded debris. Materials and methods: A total of 30 extracted mandibular molars with two separate canals and apical foramina in the mesial roots were selected. The root canals (n=10) were randomly assigned to the six groups of file systems as follows: ProTaper Next (PTN), WaveOne (WO), WaveOne Gold (WOG), One Shape (OS), Reciproc (R) and Reciproc Blue (RB). The extruded debris during the instrumentation was collected into Eppendorf tubes, which were weighed and then stored in an incubator at 70°C over a period of five days to evaporate the irrigant. After the incubation process, the Eppendorf tubes were weighed again. The difference between these two measurements, the first one before and the second one after the incubation process, was calculated. Data were statistically analyzed, and the significance level was set at p&lt;0.05. Results: R produced less debris compared to WO. R and PTN ﬁles produced signiﬁcantly less debris compared to the OS ﬁles (p &lt; 0.05). Extruded debris in RB and WO groups were not significantly different, while RB produced less debris than WOG and OS (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: All instrumentation systems allowed for the apical extrusion of the debris. Keywords: Apically extruded debris, Endodontics, Ni-Ti systems ÖZ Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, farklı nikel titanyum eğe sistemlerini apikalden taşan debris miktarı açısından değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada mesial köklerinde iki ayrı kanal ve apikal foramene sahip toplam 30 adet mandibular molar diş seçildi. Kök kanalları (n = 10) aşağıdaki altı eğe sistemine göre rastgele ayrılmıştır: ProTaper Next (PTN), WaveOne (WO), WaveOne Gold (WOG), One Shape (OS), Reciproc (R) ve Reciproc Blue (RB). İnstrümantasyon sırasında ekstrüde edilmiş debrisler önceden boş ağırlıkları ölçülmüş eppendorf tüplerinde toplandı ve sonra irrigantı buharlaştırmak için beş günlük bir süre boyunca 70 ° C'de bir inkübatörde saklandı. İnkübasyon sürecinden sonra, eppendorf tüpleri tekrar tartıldı. Bu iki ölçüm arasındaki fark hesaplandı. Veriler istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi ve anlamlılık düzeyi p &lt;0,05 olarak belirlendi. Bulgular: R, WO ile karşılaştırıldığında daha az debris taşmasına sebep oldu. R ve PTN eğeleri, OS eğelere göre anlamlı derecede daha az debris taşımına sebep oldu (p &lt;0,05). RB ve WO gruplarında apikalden taşan debris miktarı anlamlı ölçüde farklı değildi ancak RB WOG ve OS'den daha az debris taşmasına sebep oldu (p &lt;0.05). Sonuç: Bütün eğe sistemleri apikalden debris taşırmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Apikal taşma, Endodonti, Ni-Ti sistemleri
UM SINGULAR PLURAL: CONTRIBUIÇÕES DE GÉRARD FOUREZ PARA A EDUCAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS / A SINGLE-PLURAL: CONTRIBUTIONS OF GÉRARD FOUREZ TO SCIENCE EDUCATION
Authors: Mohr Adriana , Mulinari Guilherme , Venturi Tiago , Da Cunha Tiago Bonatelli 
Published: May 2019

Este ensaio presta homenagem ao pesquisador belga Gérard Fourez falecido em setembro de 2018. O texto tem como objetivo analisar suas contribuições ao campo da Educação em Ciências. Para isto, analisa questões epistemológicas e didáticas da obra de Fourez como a natureza da ciência, o papel das disciplinas e da interdisciplinaridade, a importância da alfabetização científica e das Ilhotas Interdisciplinares de Racionalidade para o ensino. Na obra de Fourez os elementos acima mencionados são e estão profundamente imbricados. E também se constituem um exemplo de construção intelectual, na qual fundamentos filosófico-epistemológicos e uma visão de mundo plural, servem de alicerce para propostas concretas e para sugestões de compreensão e de enfrentamento dos fenômenos complexos do cotidiano e daqueles do ensino. O texto analisa a importância e as potencialidades dos conceitos e ideias fourezianas para o ensino de Ciências na escola e para a formação de professores.
Regrowth of Yerba Mate Plants (Ilex paraguariensis A. St. - hill.) Submitted to Dynamized High-dilution Preparations
Authors: Domingues Sérgio , Werner Simone Silmara , Boff Mari Inês Carissimi , Boff Pedro 
Published: May 2019

Aims: Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) provides leaves and branches as raw material for medicinal and infused / tea drinks, generate employment and income for small farmers and plays an important role in the conservation of the Atlantic Forest. Harvesting causes high stress as a result of drastic defoliation. High dilution preparations have been indicated for treatment of illnesses, also, they showed a positive effect on plant growth. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the vegetative recovery of yerba mate by using dynamized high-dilution preparations of Arnica montana, Calendula officinalis and Carbo vegetabilis at 12 and 30CH (centesimal hahnemannian), just after formation pruning.
Place and Duration of Study: The experimental work was conducted in Fraiburgo, SC, Brazil, from July 2015 to August 2016 in agroforestry system.
Study Design: The statistical design was completely randomized with 22 replicates and 7 treatments. Each plant represented an experimental unit and the treatments were applied by spraying.
Methodology: The evaluations started after the first thinning, when number of buds, height and length of regrowth were registered. At 399 days after the first cut, the second cut was performed, and after that, the harvested branches were weighed.
Results: Fresh mass weight was higher in plants treated with Arnica montana 30CH (0.2212 kg/plant) and Calendula officinalis 30CH (0.2185 kg/plant) in comparison to Potable water (0.1136 kg/plant). Final plant height was 32 cm higher on plants treated with Calendula officinalis 30 CH. Carbo vegetabilis showed no effects on the regrowth of yerba mate.
Conclusion: Therefore, Calendula officinalis 30CH has the potential for use in the recovery of yerba mate plants after harvesting their branches.
Large Variability of Frequency and Type of Physical Therapy in Patients in the German Network for Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Belz D. , Moinzadeh P. , Riemekasten G. , Henes J. , Müller‐Ladner U. , Blank N. , Koetter I. , Siegert E. , Pfeiffer C. , Schmalzing M. , Zeidler G. , Schmeiser T. , Worm M. , Guenther C. , Susok L. , Kreuter A. , Sunderkoetter C. , Juche A. , Aberer E. , Gaebelein‐Wissing N. , Ramming A. , Kuhr K. , Hunzelmann N. 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveTo determine the type and frequency of physical therapy (PT) prescribed by physicians for patients in the registry of the German Network for Systemic Sclerosis.MethodsThe data for 4,252 patients were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi‐square tests, and odds ratios (ORs).ResultsOverall, 37.4% of patients (1,590 of 4,252) received PT at the end of a yearly follow‐up. The most frequently used type of PT was lymphatic drainage (n = 1,061, 36.8%), followed by exercise therapy (n = 1,047, 36.3%) and heat therapy (n = 689, 23.9%). More than three‐fourths of treated patients (82%) received 1 or 2 different forms of PT simultaneously. The prescription of PT was associated with the extent of skin fibrosis as measured by the modified Rodnan skin thickness score (<10 [41.8% of patients], 11–20 [55.8% of patients], and >21 [63.9% of patients]; P < 0.001). Patients with musculoskeletal involvement (e.g., arthritis, muscle weakness, joint contractures, tendon friction rubs) had a higher chance of receiving PT than patients without these symptoms, with corresponding ORs ranging from 1.96 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.69–2.28) for joint contractures to 3.83 (95% CI 2.89–5.08) for arthritis. When comparing the type of PT prescription across the initial and all follow‐up visits from 2003 to 2017, significant alterations with a decreasing frequency of patients receiving PT could be observed (P = 0.001).ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the use of PT in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) in a large cohort. Although SSc is characterized by considerable disability and restriction of motion, <40% of patients received PT.
Theranostic Nanomedicine Carrying L‐Menthol and Near‐Infrared Dye for Multimodal Imaging‐Guided Photothermal Therapy of Cancer
Authors: Zhang Chunyang , Liu Jie , Guo Huanling , Wang Wei , Xu Ming , Tan Yang , Huang Tongyi , Cao Zhong , Shuai Xintao , Xie Xiaoyan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPhotothermal therapy (PTT) as an emerging technique for cancer treatment has drawn great attention owing to its minimally invasive nature. However, it is difficult to achieve a complete tumor regression due to the heterogeneous heat distribution over the tumor. Application of photothermal conversion agents may enhance PTT efficiency, and a multifunctional imaging may provide guidance for the implementation of PTT. Herein, an L‐menthol/IR‐780 loaded liposome (MIL) is prepared to achieve NIR‐triggered cavitation for enhancing photothermal ablation. The synthesized MIL possesses outstanding colloidal stability and photoacoustic/near infrared fluorescence/ultrasound (PA/NIRF/US) imaging contrast to offer multimodal imaging‐guided photothermal therapy of cancer. Upon irradiation, the IR‐780 acts as the photoabsorber to convert NIR light into heat energy. More importantly, the produced hyperthermia can not only induce ablation of tumor cells but also trigger vaporization and bubbling of encapsulated L‐menthol (menthol). Consequently, the generated menthol bubbles obviously enhance the US imaging signal and promote photothermal ablation of the tumor.
Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel Integrated with Mesenchymal Stem Cell‐Secretome to Treat Endometrial Injury in a Rat Model of Asherman's Syndrome
Authors: Liu Feiran , Hu Shiqi , Yang Hua , Li Zhenhua , Huang Ke , Su Teng , Wang Shaowei , Cheng Ke 
Published: May 2019

AbstractStem cell therapies have made strides toward the efficacious treatment of injured endometrium and the prevention of intrauterine adhesions, or Asherman's syndrome (AS). Despite this progress, they are limited by their risk of tumor formation, low engraftment rates, as well as storage and transportation logistics. While attempts have been made to curb these issues, there remains a need for simple and effective solutions. A growing body of evidence supports the theory that delivering media, conditioned with mesenchymal stem cells, might be a promising alternative to live cell therapy. Mesenchymal stem cell‐secretome (MSC‐Sec) has a superior safety profile and can be stored without losing its regenerative properties. It is versatile enough to be added to a number of delivery vehicles that improve engraftment and control the release of the therapeutic. Thus, it holds great potential for the treatment of AS. Here, a new strategy for loading crosslinked hyaluronic acid gel (HA gel) with MSC‐Sec is reported. The HA gel/MSC‐Sec treatment paradigm creates a sustained release system that repairs endometrial injury in rats and promotes viable pregnancy.