bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aktivitas Antihipertensi Ekstrak Kering Terstandarisasi Kelopak Bunga Rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Hasil Produksi Skala Pilot
Authors: Susilawati Yasmiwar , Rahmatullah Tira Soleha , Muhtadi Ahmad , Sofyan Ferry Ferdiansyah , Tjitraresmi Ami 
Published: August 2018

Salah satu tumbuhan yang digunakan dalam penanganan hipertensi adalah dengan kelopak bunga rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Penelitian sebelumnya membuktikan bahwa ekstrak etanol kelopak bunga rosela menunjukkan aktivitas antihipertensi yang signifikan (P<0,1) dan prospektif untuk dikembangkan. Telah dilakukan produksi ekstrak kering rosela terstandarisasi skala pilot di industri ekstrak bersertifikat IEBA. Diperlukan pengujian aktivitas antihipertensi dari ekstrak tersebut sehingga dapat diketahui dosis yang tepat untuk diaplikasikan pada manusia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Non invasive blood pressure terhadap hewan uji tikus putih jantan galur Wistar. Penelitian ini terdiri atas 5 kelompok perlakuan yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif, dosis 150 mg/kgBB; dosis 250 mg/kgBB; dosis 350 mg/kgBB; dan dosis 500 mg/kgBB. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis 250 mg/kgBB ekstrak kering kelopak bunga rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) memiliki aktivitas sebagai antihipertensi pada tikus putih jantan galur wistar dengan persentase inhibisi sistol dan diastol sebesar 27,74% dan 33,18 %. Hasil konversi dosis untuk manusia yang menghasilkan efek penurunan tekanan darah pada manusia adalah dosis 2,8 gram/70 kgBB atau 40 mg/kgBB.
Pengaruh Persepsi Tentang Advertorial Produk Kesehatan Di Koran Pada Sikap Konsumen
Authors: Melati Rika 
Published: August 2018

Advertorial is advertising looks like news as its editorial format. The purpose of advertising is to influence consumer buying behavior. Consumer attitude is one of predictor to determine consumer behavior. The purpose of this research is to analysis influence perception of health product advertorial toward consumer attitude.
Method of this research is survey which Gadjah Mada University (GMU) student that have read advertorial of healt product in newspaper as population. Method of sampling use purposive sampling. There are 3 variables in this research: perception of health product advertorial as independent variable while cognitive and affective response as dependent variables. All variables are measured using Likert scale. The primary data collected using questionnaires that given to 170 respondents. Validity and reliability of research instrument were tested using Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Alpha Cronbach’s. All hypotheses tested by using Linear Regression.
The finding of this research shown that perception of health product advertorial significantly influence cognitive and affective of consumer response . The influence perception of health product advertorial toward cognitive response of GMU student that read newpaper is 21,3% and the influence of health product advertorial toward affective response of GMU student that read newspaper is 8,7%. Another factors estimated influencing attitude toward the advertorial are individual education, attitude toward the brand previously, and level of individual involvement.
On the Impact of State Anti-inflation Policy on the Level of Poverty in Russia and Other Countries
Authors: Goreeva N.  M. , Demidova L.  N. , Chernyaev S.  I. 
Published: August 2018

The article deals with nominal and real inflation, both in the whole country and in various sectors of Russia, including individual product groups, and identifies the main trends of inflation processes. The authors made an attempt to assess the impact of anti-inflationary measures taken in different countries on the level of social stratification of the population using nonparametric criteria. The results of the study clearly demonstrate that the use of monetary policy measures to control inflation in different countries does not reduce the proportion of the population with incomes below the subsistence level. Economic factors are not the only drivers of the human capital development and the rise of living standards. Therefore, institutional reforms must have not only a general economic effect but also the effect of social utility. The aim of the study is to identify and quantify the impact of inflation policies on human development in developed and developing countries. To achieve this goal, the work has set and solved the following tasks: real and nominal inflation rates in Russia as a whole for the past 6 years have been assessed; consumer inflation rates for individual commodity groups have been estimated; the use of nonparametric methods of assessing the impact of anti — inflationary policies on the proportion of the population with incomes below the subsistence level has been proposed and tested. The methodological basis of this article comprises economic and statistical methods of analysis, including the use of nonparametric methods and criteria for assessing non-quantitative indicators in small samples, methods of generalizing indicators, and comparison methods. The work analyzes the relationship between the GDP deflator index and the poverty level using the 2 χ -test, Chuprov coefficient and Wolfe criterion with the amendment of Yates. With the use of nonparametric estimates it was established that at present, the main levers of the state policy should be directed not so much at the economic efficiency but at the development of the potential of each participant in the economy. Nonparametric methodology sufficiently allows us to evaluate the hypothesis of homogeneity and the assertion of independence of the applied anti-inflationary measures for solving social problems facing any state.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE AUDIT BOARD OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIAâ€™S (BPK) OPINION WITH REGIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCIAL REPORT AND CORRUPTION
Authors: Idrus Yudi Avalon , Achsani Noer Azam , Hardiyanto Arief Tri 
Published: August 2018

BPK audit report on a government financial report contains an opinion that is a professional statement of the auditor regarding the fairness of financial information presented in the financial statement. In forming opinion, a BPK auditor uses four criteria, namely the application of Government Accounting Standard, adequate disclosures, compliance of laws and regulations, and effectiveness of internal control systems. The unqualified opinion is issued to a financial report with no material statements and/or fraud.Â However, it is widely reported that many irregularities still occur across government entities and cost the stateâ€™s resources (finance). This study aims to analyze corruption committed by heads of local governments and its influence on BPK opinion build a model which shows the relationship between them. This study uses a model called ordinal logistic regression and found that there is a correlation between BPK opinion with corruption committed by heads of local governments. The best ordinal logistic regression model shows that BPK opinion is dominantly influenced by the compliance of government financial report with Government Accounting Standard, compliance with law and regulations and effectiveness of internal control systems.
Basis of the general theory of pathology (Part 2. Pathogenesis of chronic diseases)
Authors: Prokopchook V. S. , Lyckbäck A.V. 
Published: August 2018

The authors believe that, despite of the endless variety of pathology, there is a single stereotyped pathogenetic mechanism for all chronic diseases. This mechanism doesn't dependent on a cause of an illness. If unnumbered etiological factors have a direct link to a damage of a certain number of cells (structures) of the target organ, then a disease, as a reaction to this damage, aims to restore the structure and function of the damaged organ. However a new pathogenetic mechanism arises in the course of a disease. This mechanism is based on energy deficiency. It arises due to violations of biorhythms of a remaining tissue. The violations of biorhythms in their turn are based on deviations from the law of «optimal construction». This mechanism destroys the remaining tissue that haven't been damaged by etiological factors. A "separation" of a disease from an etiologic factor occurs. A disease continues its course even without external damaging factors. Consequently a treatment of chronic diseases requires a fundamentally different approach than etiotropic therapy. Until now only an empirically obtained experience of non-specific treatment has been used. Therefore all existing therapy requires a fundamental revision.
Supplementation of selenium-enriched yeast attenuates age-dependent transcriptional changes of heart in mitochondrial DNA mutator mice
Authors: Xiao Rijin , Spangler Leya , Routt Katie , Lan Zijian , Johnson Carrie , Prolla Tomas A , Power Ronan F 
Published: August 2018

Background: Age is a major risk factor in developing heart diseases and has been associated with profound transcriptional changes in mammalian tissues. Low tissue selenium has recently been linked to several age-related diseases, including cardiovascular disease. This study investigated the global effects of age and dietary supplementation of selenium on heart transcriptional profiles in POLG mutator mice.Methods: Heart transcription profiles from young (2-month-old) and old (13-month-old) animals fed either a control diet or a diet supplemented with 1.0 mg selenium from selenium-enriched yeast (SP)/kg diet were obtained and validated using microarray and real-time RT-PCR techniques.Results: Aging led to significant transcriptional changes, where the expression of 1942 genes in old animals was changed by a fold change larger than 2.0, when compared to young animals. Age-regulated genes are associated with cardiovascular system development, immune and inflammatory response, and cellular oxidative stress response. Multiple genes linked with cardiomyocyte apoptosis, hypertrophy, and cardiac fibrosis, such as Myh7, Lcn2, Spp1, and Serpine1, were significantly up-regulated in old animals. SP supplementation also caused significant transcriptional changes in the heart, especially in old mice where many age-dependent transcriptional changes were totally or partially reversed by SP. Upstream regulator analysis further indicated that genes for Foxo1 and Foxo3, two transcriptional regulators involved in the regulation of cardiac muscle remodeling, were significantly activated by SP, suggesting that Foxo-mediated transcriptional activities play important roles in the anti-aging properties of SP.Conclusions: Results of this study indicate that SP supplementation attenuated age-related transcriptional changes in the heart of old POLG mice, which implies a potential clinical application of dietary selenium in preventing decline of cardiac function in old animals. Key words: Aging, heart, gene expression, selenium
Early detection of multiple myeloma in primary care using blood tests: a case–control study in primary care
Authors: Koshiaris Constantinos , Van den Bruel Ann , Oke Jason L , Nicholson Brian D , Shephard Elizabeth , Braddick Mick , Hamilton William 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundMultiple myeloma is a haematological cancer characterised by numerous non-specific symptoms leading to diagnostic delay in a large proportion of patients.AimTo identify which blood tests are useful in suggesting or excluding a diagnosis of myeloma.Design and settingA matched case–control study set in UK primary care using routinely collected data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink.MethodSymptom prevalence and blood tests were analysed up to 5 years before diagnosis in 2703 cases and 12 157 matched controls. Likelihood ratios (LR) were used to classify tests or their combinations as useful rule-in tests (LR+ = ≥5), or rule-out tests (LR− = ≤0.2).ResultsRaised plasma viscosity (PV) had an LR+ = 2.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.7 to 2.3; erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) 1.9, 95% CI = 1.7 to 2.0; and C-reactive protein (CRP) 1.2, 95% CI = 1.1 to 1.4. A normal haemoglobin had an LR− = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.39 to 0.45; calcium LR− = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.78 to 0.83; and creatinine LR− = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.77 to 0.83. The test combination with the lowest LR− was all normal haemoglobin with calcium and PV, which had an LR− = 0.06, 95% CI = 0.02 to 0.18, though the LR− for normal haemoglobin and PV together was 0.12 (95% CI = 0.07 to 0.23).ConclusionPlasma viscosity and ESR are better for both ruling in and ruling out the disease compared with C-reactive protein. A combination of a normal ESR or PV and normal haemoglobin is a simple rule-out approach for patients currently being tested in primary care.
Effectiveness of reminder strategies on cancer screening adherence: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Wong Martin CS , Ching Jessica YL , Huang Junjie , Wong John CT , Lam Thomas YT , Chan Victor CW , Ng Simpson KC , Hui Zero , Luk Arthur KC , Wu Justin CY , Chan Francis KL 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundFew randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have evaluated the different recalling approaches for enhancing adherence to faecal immunochemical test (FIT)-based screening.AimThe authors evaluated the effectiveness of two telecommunication strategies on improving adherence to yearly FIT screening.Design and settingA randomised, parallel group trial was performed in a primary care screening practice.MethodThe authors recruited 629 asymptomatic individuals aged 40–70 years with a negative FIT in 2015 to a population-based screening programme. On participation, they were invited to repeat their second round of FIT in 2016, 12 months after the first test. Each participant was randomly assigned to either interactive telephone reminder (n = 207), short message service reminder (SMS, n = 212), or control, where no additional interventions were delivered after the findings of their first FIT was communicated to the participants (n = 210). Reminders in the intervention groups were delivered 1 month before subjects’ expected return. Additional telephone reminders were delivered 2 months after the expected return date to all subjects who defaulted specimen return. The outcomes included rates of FIT collection and specimen return up to 6 months after their expected return.ResultsAt 6 months, the cumulative FIT collection rate was 95.1%, 90.4%, and 86.5%, respectively, for the telephone, SMS, and control groups (P = 0.010). The corresponding specimen return rate was 94.1%, 90.0%, and 86.0% (P = 0.022). When compared with the control, only subjects in the telephone group were significantly more likely to collect FIT tubes (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 3.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.50 to 6.75, P = 0.003) and return completed specimens (AOR = 2.73, 95% CI = 1.35 to 5.53, P = 0.005).ConclusionInteractive telephone reminders are effective at securing previously screened subjects to repeat screening 1 year after a negative finding.
Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacteria causing urinary tract infections in Youssef Hospital Center: first report from Akkar governorate, North of Lebanon
Authors: Hamze Monzer , Osman Marwan , Mallat Hassan , Raad Elie Bou 
Published: August 2018

Background. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common infection feature worldwide. Infected patients are usually treated empirically treated without culture or antibiotics susceptibility testing, and which may lead to increase antibiotic resistance level. This study aims to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of common uropathogenic bacteria isolated at Youssef Hospital Center, Akkar governorate, North of Lebanon.
Methods. Spot midstream of urine samples from 9662 patients with UTI symptoms who came for medical investigation to Youssef Hospital Center located in Akkar governorate. Urine specimens were collected in sterile plastic bottles. Culture, identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed using conventional tools according to the recommendations of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
Results. A total of 1009 bacterial uropathogens were isolated. Escherichia coli was most presented (72.5%) of all isolates, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.2%), Enterococcus spp. (5.5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.5%), Proteus spp. (3%), Enterobacter spp. (2%), Staphylococcus aureus (2%), Streptococcus agalactiae (1.6%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (0.4%), Acinetobacter baumannii(0.2%) and Providencia rettgeri (0.1%). Moreover, the mean antibiotic resistance rates of isolates was relatively high, but comparable to previously published data in Lebanon.
Conclusion. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first investigation reporting epidemiological data regarding the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacterial uropathogens isolated from patients in the Akkar governorate. Our data indicated the urgent need of a strategic plan to tackle antibiotic resistance, particularly in deprived regions with poor healthcare centers.
Keywords: Uropathogens, Epidemiology, Antibiotic susceptibility, Risk factors, Akkargovernorate, North Lebanon.
High incidence of multidrug-resistant fecal E. coli producing ESBLs and carried ST131 in Jordanian adults
Authors: Sneineh Reham Muin Abu , Mahafzah Azmi , Abdallat Nayef , Shehabi Asem A. 
Published: August 2018

Background: Escherichia coli is part of the human intestine normal flora, although it has the potential of causing variety of invasive and diarrheal diseases. It is also a frequent cause of community- and hospital-acquired urinary tract infections. Intestinal E. coli has the potential to develop rapidly multidrug resistant (MDR) and to emerge as extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)-producer.
Methods: Over the period of July through November, 2015; 287 stool samples were collected from Jordanian adults who visited the students’ clinic of the University of Jordan. Fecal samples were collected and cultured for isolation of E. coli. The isolates were investigated for antimicrobial susceptibility, and molecular method of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed for the detection genes of ST131 clone, blaCTX-M group I, blaCTX-M-15, blaNDM-1, blaVIM, blaIMP, blaOXA-48, blaKPC and fluoroquinolones resistance (gyrA and parC).
Results: A total of 105/287 E. coli isolates (36.6%) were found to be multi-drug resistant (MDR) to at least 3 classes of antibiotics, of these 45.1% were ESBL-producers. A total of 51 representative MDR isolates indicated the following; 49% were found positive for ST131 clone, 58.8% were resistant for ciprofloxacin, and 41.2% were positive for CTX-M group I and CTX-M-15, respectively. All these MDR isolates were also positive for mutated both gyrA and ParC genes, and only 6 / 51 isolates (11.8%) were positive for each blaNDM-1 and blaKPC. One out of 51 MDR isolates (2%) was positive for blaVIM, and none of these isolates was positive for blaIMP nor blaOXA-48 genes.
Conclusion: This study indicated that a relatively high rates of commensal fecal E. coli isolates from Jordanian adults were MDR, ESBLs-producer and belonging to ST131 clone. Also, high rates of CTX-M-15 and fluoroquinolones resistance were found among MDR E. coli isolates.
Activation of Th1 Immunity within the Tumor Microenvironment Is Associated with Clinical Response to Lenalidomide in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Aue Georg , Sun Clare , Liu Delong , Park Jae-Hyun , Pittaluga Stefania , Tian Xin , Lee Elinor , Soto Susan , Valdez Janet , Maric Irina , Stetler-Stevenson Maryalice , Yuan Constance , Nakamura Yusuke , Muranski Pawel , Wiestner Adrian 
Published: August 2018

AbstractImmune stimulation contributes to lenalidomide’s antitumor activity. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by the accumulation of mature, autoreactive B cells in secondary lymphoid tissues, blood, and bone marrow and progressive immune dysfunction. Previous studies in CLL indicated that lenalidomide can repair defective T cell function in vitro. Whether T cell activation is required for clinical response to lenalidomide remains unclear. In this study, we report changes in the immune microenvironment in patients with CLL treated with single-agent lenalidomide and associate the immunologic effects of lenalidomide with antitumor response. Within days of starting lenalidomide, T cells increased in the tumor microenvironment and showed Th1-type polarization. Gene expression profiling of pretreatment and on-treatment lymph node biopsy specimens revealed upregulation of IFN-γ and many of its target genes in response to lenalidomide. The IFN-γ–mediated Th1 response was limited to patients achieving a clinical response defined by a reduction in lymphadenopathy. Deep sequencing of TCR genes revealed decreasing diversity of the T cell repertoire and an expansion of select clonotypes in responders. To validate our observations, we stimulated T cells and CLL cells with lenalidomide in culture and detected lenalidomide-dependent increases in T cell proliferation. Taken together, our data demonstrate that lenalidomide induced Th1 immunity in the lymph node that is associated with clinical response.
An update on global atmospheric ice estimates from satellite observations and reanalyses
Authors: Duncan David Ian , Eriksson Patrick 
Published: August 2018

Abstract. This study assesses the global distribution of mean atmospheric ice mass from
current state-of-the-art estimates and its variability on daily and seasonal
timescales. Ice water path (IWP) retrievals from active and passive satellite
platforms are analysed and compared
with estimates from two reanalysis data sets, ERA5 (European Centre for
Medium-range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis 5, ECMWF) and MERRA-2 (Modern-Era
Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications 2). Large discrepancies
in IWP exist between the satellite data sets themselves, making validation of
the model results problematic and indicating that progress towards a
consensus on the distribution of atmospheric ice has been limited. Comparing
the data sets, zonal means of IWP exhibit similar shapes but differing
magnitudes, with large IWP values causing much of the difference in means.
Diurnal analysis centred on A-Train overpasses shows similar structures in
some regions, but the degree and sign of the variability varies widely; the
reanalyses exhibit noisier and higher-amplitude diurnal variability than
borne out by the satellite estimates. Spatial structures governed by the
atmospheric general circulation are fairly consistent across the data sets,
as principal component analysis shows that the patterns of seasonal
variability line up well between the data sets but disagree in severity.
These results underscore the limitations of the current Earth observing
system with respect to atmospheric ice, as the level of consensus between
observations is mixed. The large-scale variability of IWP is relatively
consistent, whereas disagreements on diurnal variability and global means
point to varying microphysical assumptions in retrievals and models alike
that seem to underlie the biggest differences.