bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Papillary-Type Carcinoma of the Thyroglossal Duct Cyst: The Case for Conservative Management
Authors: Wood C. Burton , Bigcas Jo-Lawrence , Alava Ibrahim , Bischoff Lindsay , Langerman Alexander , Kim Young 
Published: August 2018

Objectives: Thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) is the most common congenital neck mass, presenting in up to 7% of the population. TGDC carcinoma is much less common, occurring in roughly 1% of patients diagnosed with TGDC. The vast majority of these tumors are papillary-type thyroid cancer. Given its rarity, there is wide variation in management recommendations for this disease. Extent of surgical management and need for adjuvant therapy including radioactive iodine ablation (RAI) are particularly debated, with some authors arguing aggressive therapy including RAI for any patients who undergo concurrent thyroidectomy with the Sistrunk procedure for TGDC carcinoma. We present a series of patients treated for TGDC carcinoma at our institutions and discuss our management algorithm. Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of patients with TGDC treated at 2 separate institutions. Factors reviewed included patient age, sex, preoperative diagnosis, preoperative work-up, extent of therapy, and use of adjuvant therapy. Results: Six patients who were treated for TGDC carcinoma at our institutions were identified. One patient was excluded because the patient had been treated at an outside facility prior to referral. All patients had papillary-type thyroid cancer. One patient underwent the Sistrunk procedure alone, and the remaining 4 underwent the Sistrunk procedure plus total thyroidectomy. Two of 4 patients were noted to have malignancy in the thyroid. Two of 4 patients who underwent thyroidectomy additionally received adjuvant RAI. Conclusion: Thyroglossal duct cyst carcinoma is uncommon and management is controversial. In low-risk patients (single tumor focus, negative margins, normal preoperative neck/thyroid imaging, no extension of TGDC carcinoma beyond the cyst wall), the Sistrunk procedure alone with observation of the thyroid may be sufficient. In this patient population, RAI is unlikely to be of any substantial benefit.
Carnosine supplementation does not affect serum concentrations of advanced glycation and precursors of lipoxidation end products in autism: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Ghodsi Ramin , Kheirouri Sorayya , Nosrati Rahmat 
Published: August 2018

Background Abundant evidence indicate the increased levels of oxidative stress in patients with autism. Advanced glycation end products and advanced lipoxidation end products and their precursors play a major role in increased oxidative stress in numerous metabolic and neurologic diseases. Carnosine is a natural dipeptide with antiglycation effects. The aim of this trial was to examine the effects of carnosine supplementation on the advanced glycation end products and the precursors of advanced lipoxidation end products in patients with autism. Method This randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 36 autistic children, 18 in the carnosine group and 18 in the placebo group. The groups received a daily supplement of 500 mg carnosine or placebo for two months, respectively. Plasma concentrations of glycation and precursors of lipoxidation markers were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Results In all, 63.9% of the autistic children had normal nutritional status. Carnosine supplementation did not significantly alter plasma concentrations of advanced glycation end products and precursors of advanced lipoxidation end products in autistic children. Conclusion The findings indicate that supplementation of carnosine could not change advanced glycation end products and precursor of advanced lipoxidation end products in autistic children.
Predicting Sagittal Plane Lifting Postures From Image Bounding Box Dimensions
Authors: Greene Runyu L. , Hu Yu Hen , Difranco Nicholas , Wang Xuan , Lu Ming-Lun , Bao Stephen , Lin Jia-Hua , Radwin Robert G. 
Published: August 2018

Objective: A method for automatically classifying lifting postures from simple features in video recordings was developed and tested. We explored if an “elastic” rectangular bounding box, drawn tightly around the subject, can be used for classifying standing, stooping, and squatting at the lift origin and destination. Background: Current marker-less video tracking methods depend on a priori skeletal human models, which are prone to error from poor illumination, obstructions, and difficulty placing cameras in the field. Robust computer vision algorithms based on spatiotemporal features were previously applied for evaluating repetitive motion tasks, exertion frequency, and duty cycle. Methods: Mannequin poses were systematically generated using the Michigan 3DSSPP software for a wide range of hand locations and lifting postures. The stature-normalized height and width of a bounding box were measured in the sagittal plane and when rotated horizontally by 30°. After randomly ordering the data, a classification and regression tree algorithm was trained to classify the lifting postures. Results: The resulting tree had four levels and four splits, misclassifying 0.36% training-set cases. The algorithm was tested using 30 video clips of industrial lifting tasks, misclassifying 3.33% test-set cases. The sensitivity and specificity, respectively, were 100.0% and 100.0% for squatting, 90.0% and 100.0% for stooping, and 100.0% and 95.0% for standing. Conclusions: The tree classification algorithm is capable of classifying lifting postures based only on dimensions of bounding boxes. Applications: It is anticipated that this practical algorithm can be implemented on handheld devices such as a smartphone, making it readily accessible to practitioners.
Conductivity, superhydrophobicity and mechanical properties of cotton fabric treated with polypyrrole by in-situ polymerization using the binary oxidants ammonium Peroxodisulfate and ferric chloride
Authors: Lee Suhyun , Park Chung Hee 
Published: August 2018

In this study, polypyrrole deposition and a superhydrophobic coating were applied to cotton fabrics to develop a self-cleaning and conductive fabric with electric heating performance. The binary oxidants ammonium peroxodisulfate and ferric chloride were introduced during the polymerization to adjust the size of the polypyrrole particles for creating diverse nano-scale roughness on the surface of the cotton fabrics and to prevent degradation in the mechanical properties of textiles. The in-situ polymerization of polypyrrole that introduced the binary oxidants succeeded in depositing polypyrrole particles on the surface of the cotton fabrics. Binary oxidants formed small polypyrrole particles contrary to the single oxidants. In terms of conductivity, the surface resistivity decreased as the FeCl3 ratio in the oxidants increased. The binary oxidants led to a similar level of conductivity even though the amount of polypyrrole deposition was less than that in the case of the single oxidant. The electrical heating performance improved as the surface resistance was decreased, resulting in an up to 20℃ increase in the surface temperature. On the other hand, the duration of the electro-heating effect was shorter with higher surface temperature. In terms of wettability, a superhydrophobicity with a contact angle of 150° or higher and a shedding angle of less than 10° was achieved under all oxidant conditions because of the nano-scale roughness caused by polypyrrole. Polypyrrole deposition reduced the tensile strength of the cotton fabric and increased its stiffness. The binary oxidants exhibited smaller changes in the mechanical properties of the textile than the single oxidants.
Doctors at times of national instability: What Balint seminars reveal
Authors: Antoun Jumana , Johnson Alan , Clive Brock , Romani Maya 
Published: August 2018

Background It is not known in what ways is the doctor whose practice is secure in a clinic challenged to maintain a therapeutic doctor–patient relationship when confronting a flood of immigrants within a country that is politically volatile, internally fractionalized, and surrounded by sporadic military incursions? Methods During Balint seminars, a family medicine resident presents a troubling case which all group members reflect upon from the perspective of the doctor, the patient, and their relationship. Balint leaders later debrief and review the work of the group. Lebanon has passed through many political, social, and religious conflicts and was affected by the onset of the Syrian Civil War in 2010. The Balint leaders had begun to see in resident case presentations reflections of war’s disruption of the doctor–patient relationship. Two Balint leaders reviewed a log of all the cases between 2013 and 2016. Results In our observations, the discussion of the presented cases mirrored the cultural, social, religious, and political context of the country. First, the political situation was reflected in the dynamics of the group: agitation, conflicts, hopelessness, and a search for norms. Second, the residents subconsciously chose words in their discussion that reflect the country’s situation. Third, the presented case was stirred by a tragic war-related event. Conclusions The social/political/religious context in which the physician is practicing distracts the doctor from fulfilling his/her professional role. Balint seminars are an example of direct, experiential learning that provide an excellent opportunity for the special training of primary care physicians who deal with refugees and citizens to self-reflect on war’s impact on them and their profession.
Third generation dual-energy CT with 80/150 Sn kV for head and neck tumor imaging
Authors: Suntharalingam Saravanabavaan , Stenzel Elena , Wetter Axel , Guberina Nika , Umutlu Lale , Schlosser Thomas , Nassenstein Kai 
Published: August 2018

Background Dual-energy CT (DECT) provides additional image datasets which enable improved tumor delineation or reduction of beam hardening artifacts in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Purpose To assess radiation dose and image quality of third-generation DECT of the head and neck in comparison to single-energy CT (SECT). Material and Methods Thirty patients with SCC who underwent both SECT (reference tube voltage 120 kVp) and DECT (80/150 Sn kVp) of the head and neck region for staging were retrospectively selected. Attenuation measurements of the sternomastoid muscle, internal jugular vein, submandibular gland and tongue were compared. Image noise was assessed at five anatomic levels. Subjective image quality was evaluated by two radiologists in consensus. Results CTDIvol was 55% lower with DECT (4.2 vs. 9.3 mGy; P = 0.002). Median image noise was equal or lower in DECT at all levels (nasopharynx: 3.9 vs. 5.8, P < 0.0001; floor of mouth: 3.6 vs. 4.5, P = 0.0002; arytenoids: 3.6 vs. 3.1, P = 0.096; lower thyroid: 4.4 vs. 5.7, P = 0.002; arch of aorta: 5.6 vs. 6.5, P = 0.001). Attenuation was significantly lower in DECT ( P < 0.05). Subjective image analysis revealed that DECT is equal or superior to SECT with regard to overall image quality (nasopharynx: 5 vs. 5, P = 1; floor of mouth: 5 vs. 5, P = 0.0041; arytenoids: 5 vs. 5, P = 0.6; lower thyroid: 5 vs. 3, P < 0.0001; arch of aorta: 5 vs. 4, P < 0.0001). Conclusion Head and neck imaging with third-generation DECT can reduce radiation dose by half compared to SECT, while maintaining excellent image quality.
Pathogenesis of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: a comparative study of in vivo and in vitro trials
Authors: Holtmann Henrik , Lommen Julian , Kübler Norbert R. , Sproll Christoph , Rana Majeed , Karschuck Patrick , Depprich Rita 
Published: August 2018

Objective This study was performed to determine whether the results of prevailing in vivo and in vitro studies offer a reliable model for investigation of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). Methods Embase, Medline, and the Cochrane Library were searched for articles published from September 2003 to June 2017 involving experimental approaches to the pathogenesis of MRONJ. In vivo and in vitro trials were analyzed with respect to the scientific question, study design, methodology, and results. Results Of 139 studies, 87, 46, and 6 conducted in vivo, in vitro, and both in vivo and in vitro experiments, respectively. Rats, mice, dogs, minipigs, sheep, and rabbits were the preferred animal models used. Osteoblasts, osteoclasts, fibroblasts, keratinocytes, macrophages, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells were the preferred cell types. Zoledronate, alendronate, ibandronate, and risedronate were the most frequent bisphosphonates used. MRONJ was most reliably induced in minipigs because of the close relationship with human bone physiology. In vitro studies showed that reduced viability, growth, and migration of cells in the bone and soft tissues were causative for MRONJ. Other than exposed jawbone after tooth extraction, no reliable cofactors were found. Conclusion The minipig is the most suitable animal model for MRONJ.
Pre- and postoperative headache in patients with meningioma
Authors: Guenther Franziska , Swozil Ferdinand , Heber Stefan , Buchfelder Michael , Messlinger Karl , Fischer Michael JM 
Published: August 2018

Background Meningiomas are generally slowly growing intracranial tumors. They are often incidentally diagnosed, given that symptoms may be absent even in cases of an enormous tumor size. Headache is a frequent but not consistent symptom. Therefore, we examined the association between structural, biochemical and histochemical tumor parameters with preoperative as well as postoperative occurrence of headache. Methods In our study, we prospectively investigated 69 consecutive patients enrolled for meningioma neurosurgery. Anatomical, histological and biochemical parameters were acquired, and headache parameters were registered from the clinical report and from a questionnaire filled by the patients before neurosurgery. The headache was re-evaluated one year after neurosurgery. The study was designed to exploratively investigate whether there is an association of acquired clinical and biological parameters with the occurrence of preoperative and postoperative headache. Results Edema diameter and the proliferation marker MIB-1 were negatively associated with the incidence and intensity of preoperative headache, while the content of prostaglandin E2 in the tumor tissue was positively associated with preoperative headache intensity. Headache was more prevalent when the meningioma was located in the area supplied by the ophthalmic trigeminal branch. Compared to preoperative headache levels, an overall reduction was observed one year postoperative, and patients with a larger tumor had a higher headache remission. In parietal and occipital meningiomas and in those with a larger edema, the percentage of the headache remission rate was higher compared to other locations or smaller edema. Multivariable analyses showed an involvement of substance P and prostaglandin E2 in preoperative headache. Conclusions The study demonstrates new associations between meningiomas and headache. The postoperative headache outcome in the presented patient sample is encouraging for the performed neurosurgical intervention. These results should be tested in a prospective study that incorporates all patients with meningiomas.
Age-Dependent Patellofemoral Pain: Hip and Knee Risk Landing Profiles in Prepubescent and Postpubescent Female Athletes
Authors: Galloway Ryan T. , Xu Yingying , Hewett Timothy E. , Barber Foss Kim , Kiefer Adam W. , DiCesare Christopher A. , Magnussen Robert A. , Khoury Jane , Ford Kevin R. , Diekfuss Jed A. , Grooms Dustin , Myer Gregory D. , Montalvo Alicia M. 
Published: August 2018

Background:Female athletes are at an increased risk of developing patellofemoral pain (PFP) relative to male athletes. The unique effects of maturation may compound that risk.Hypothesis/Purpose:The purpose was to evaluate the neuromuscular control mechanisms that are adaptive to pubertal maturation and determine their relative contribution to PFP development. It was hypothesized that aberrant landing mechanics (reduced sagittal-plane and increased frontal- and transverse-plane kinematics and kinetics) would be associated with an increased risk for PFP.Study Design:Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.Methods:There were 506 high school female athletes who completed a detailed medical history, the Anterior Knee Pain Scale, and a knee examination for the diagnosis of PFP and attended follow-up appointments. Athletes performed a drop vertical jump task instrumented with force plates, and biomechanical measures generated from standard 3-dimensional biomechanical analyses were used to classify participants into high- or low-risk knee and hip landing profiles for the development of PFP. The biomechanical measures used in the knee landing profile included sagittal-plane knee range of motion, peak knee abduction angle, peak knee abduction moment, and peak-to-peak transverse-plane knee moment. The biomechanical measures used in the hip landing profile included sagittal-plane hip range of motion, peak hip extensor moment, peak abductor moment, and peak hip rotator moment. Testing was conducted at sport-specific preseason appointments over the course of 2 years, and changes in pubertal status, landing profile, and PFP development were documented.Results:Female athletes with high-risk hip landing profiles experienced increased hip flexion and decreased abductor, rotator, and extensor moments. Participants with high-risk hip landing profiles who transitioned to postpubertal status at follow-up had higher odds (odds ratio, 2.1 [95% CI, 1.1-4.0]; P = .02) of moving to a low-risk hip landing profile compared with those who had not reached postpubertal status at follow-up. Participants with high-risk knee landing profiles experienced decreased knee flexion and increased knee abduction, external abductor, and external rotator moments. Pubertal maturation was not associated with a change in the high-risk knee landing profile at follow-up.Conclusion:The progression from prepubertal to postpubertal status may have a protective effect on high-risk hip mechanics but no similar adaptations in high-risk knee mechanics during maturation. These data indicate that before puberty, maladaptive hip mechanics may contribute to PFP, while aberrant knee mechanics associated with PFP are sustained throughout the maturational process in young female athletes.
Safety of a 2-Day Antibiotic Regimen After Delayed Chest Closure Post Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Philip Joseph , Kegg Christian , Lopez-Colon Dalia , Kelly Brian J. , Lawrence Robert M. , Robinson Matthew A. , Samraj Ravi S. , Bleiweis Mark S. 
Published: August 2018

Background: There is no consensus for the length of prophylactic antibiotics after delayed chest closure (DCC) postcardiac surgery in pediatrics. In September 2014, our institution’s pediatric cardiac intensive care unit changed the policy on length of prophylactic antibiotics after DCC from 5 days (control) to 2 days (study group). The objective of the study was to determine whether a 2-day course of antibiotics is as effective as a 5-day course in preventing blood stream and sternal wound infections in pediatric DCC. Methods: Retrospective and prospective study. Primary end points included incidence of sternal wound infections and positive sternal imaging for infection. Surrogate markers of infection were collected at 4 time points. Results: During the study period, 139 patients had DCC postcardiac surgery of which 110 patients were included for analysis, 54 patients in the control and 56 in the study group. There was no difference in total number of positive wound cultures/chest computed tomography (CT) findings (4/54 [7.5%] control vs 5/56 [8.9%] study group, P = .3), positive blood cultures ( P = .586), median postsurgical length of stay ( P = .4), or readmissions within 30 days postsurgery ( P = .6). All secondary end points were similar in both groups except peak heart rate between weeks 2 and 4 ( P = .041). Conclusion: Two days of prophylactic antibiotics is not inferior to 5 days of prophylactic antibiotics after DCC following pediatric cardiac surgery.
Pre-post effectiveness evaluation of Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP) participation on health, well-being and health service utilization
Authors: Hevey David , Wilson O’Raghallaigh Jennifer , O’Doherty Veronica , Lonergan Katie ,   Marese Heffernan; Victoria Lunt; SineadMulhern; Damien Lowry; Niamh Larkin; Kathy McSharry; David Evans; Jackie Morris Roe; Mike Kelly; Peter Pardoe, Harry Ward; Sean Kinsella
Published: August 2018

ObjectivesThe Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP) is a standardized self-management intervention for patients with various chronic diseases. CDSMP provides self-management skills to enhance patient health, well-being, and coping skills. The present study evaluates the effectiveness of CDSMP delivered in routine clinical services on health, health behaviors and healthcare utilization in patients with various chronic illnesses.MethodsA pragmatic single group pre-post design evaluated the effectiveness of the CDSMP in an Irish cohort using self-report data collected by service providers in hospital, community health and patient organizations. Data on health, health behavior and healthcare utilization were collected at baseline ( n = 263), immediately post-program ( n = 102), and six months ( n = 81) after enrollment.ResultsCDSMP participants reported statistically significant increases in activity levels, self-efficacy, energy and quality of life, and a significant decrease in depression scores at six months follow-up. There was a significant decrease in self-reported visits to the GP and in total nights spent in hospital.DiscussionThis national pre–post study provides preliminary evidence for the potential effectiveness of CDSMP delivered during routine care in improving important health outcomes and reducing health care utilization among a heterogeneous sample of chronic disease patients.
The 1-minute sit-to-stand test to detect exercise-induced oxygen desaturation in patients with interstitial lung disease
Authors: Briand Justine , Behal Hélène , Chenivesse Cécile , Wémeau-Stervinou Lidwine , Wallaert Benoit 
Published: August 2018

Background: Although the 6-min walk test (6MWT) is the gold standard for assessing exercise-induced impairment of gas exchange, it cannot easily be performed in a clinical office environment. The aim of this study was to compare the 1-min sit-to-stand test (1STST) with the 6MWT for the ability to assess exercise-induced oxygen desaturation in patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). Methods: A total of 107 patients were enrolled and classified into three groups: sarcoidosis, fibrotic idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (f-IIP), and other forms of ILD. The 6MWT and 1STST were performed on the same day, and pulmonary function tests, pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2), and dyspnea and fatigue (modified Borg scale) were assessed. SpO2 desaturation was evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Bland–Altman analysis, and kappa (κ) coefficient in the whole population and the patient subgroups. Results: The SpO2 nadir during the 1STST and 6MWT showed good consistency [mean ± standard deviation: 92.5% ± 5% and 90% ± 7%, respectively; ICC 0.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.71–0.83] and correlated strongly ( r = 0.9, p < 0.0001). The frequency of patients with oxygen desaturation ⩾4% was also consistent for the two exercise tests ( κ = 0.68, 95% CI 0.54–0.82). The number of repetitions in the 1STST correlated with the 6MWT distance ( r = 0.5, p < 0.0001), but the dyspnea scores were higher during the 1STST than the 6MWT ( p < 0.0001). These findings did not differ for the three patient subgroups. Conclusion: The 1STST can measure exercise-induced desaturation in ILD patients and could be used as an alternative test to the 6MWT in office practice.