bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MEASUREMENT ISSUES IN HOME‐VISITING RESEARCH WITHIN TRIBAL COMMUNITIES: CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES
Authors: Whitesell Nancy Rumbaugh , Bolan Marc , Chomos Julianna C , Heath Debra , Miles Jon , Salvador Melina , Whitmore Corrie , Barlow Allison 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTIn this article, Tribal Maternal, Infant, and Early Childhood Home Visiting (MIECHV) grantees share strategies they have developed and adopted to address the most common barriers to effective measurement (and thus to effective evaluation) encountered in the course of implementation and evaluation of their home‐visiting programs. We identify key challenges in measuring outcomes in Tribal MIECHV Programs and provide practical examples of various strategies used to address these challenges within diverse American Indian and Alaska Native cultural and contextual settings. Notably, high‐quality community engagement is a consistent thread throughout these strategies and fundamental to successful measurement in these communities. These strategies and practices reflect the experiences and innovative solutions of practitioners working on the ground to deliver and evaluate intervention programs to tribal communities. They may serve as models for getting high‐quality data to inform intervention while working within the constraints and requirements of program funding. The utility of these practical solutions extends beyond the Tribal MIECHV grantees and offers the potential to inform a broad array of intervention evaluation efforts in tribal and other community contexts.
The unexpected impact of expressive writing on posttraumatic stress and growth in Chinese American breast cancer survivors
Authors: Gallagher Matthew W. , Long Laura J. , Tsai William , Stanton Annette L. , Lu Qian 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe present study examined the impact of expressive writing on reducing posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms (PTSS) and facilitating posttraumatic growth (PTG) in Chinese American breast cancer survivors.MethodNinety‐six women who had completed primary treatments for breast cancer were randomly assigned to a cancer experience facts condition, an emotional disclosure condition, or a self‐regulation condition and wrote on three occasions over 3 weeks. Participants completed outcome assessments at baseline and 1, 3, and 6 months after the last writing session.ResultsSurprisingly, results indicated that there was generally a small increase in PTSS (ESsg = .16) and a small decrease in PTG (ESsg = −.16) from baseline to the 6‐month follow‐up. Effect size comparisons and latent growth curve models also indicated that the cancer facts condition was generally associated with superior outcomes for both PTSS and PTG.ConclusionsThese findings speak to the importance of examining whether interventions are equally efficacious in different cultures.
Process evaluation of a community outpatient program treating substance use disorders
Authors: Sorensen James L. , Llamas Jasmin D. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAddiction treatment can improve its impact by providing evidence‐based care for the variety of problems that accompany substance use disorders. We conducted a retrospective evaluation of a new treatment program in California that aimed at providing multifaceted services through affiliated licensed and certified outpatient providers. The process evaluation used a logic model, focusing on program inputs, activities, and outputs, to understand the services received by the initial 18 clients who entered treatment. Results indicated that clients received a variety of services: On average, clients contracted for 118 treatment sessions and received 143 sessions. Among the many types of services provided, the most frequently received were integrative healthcare (averaging 42 sessions), group therapy (32 sessions), and individual therapy (32 sessions). This logic‐model process evaluation indicated that a range of services were provided. The comprehensive approach may have promise for extending addiction treatment beyond its usual boundaries.
Effects of unsupportive social interactions, stigma, and symptoms on patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome
Authors: McManimen Stephanie L. , McClellan Damani , Stoothoff Jamie , Jason Leonard A. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPrior research has found a heightened risk of suicide in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). It is possible that a number of factors including stigma, unsupportive social interactions, and severe symptoms could lead to the development of depression, suicidal ideation, and heightened risk of suicide in this patient population. Prior studies have indicated that patients often report the legitimacy of their illness being questioned by family, friends, and even their physicians. This study aimed to determine whether stigma experienced, social support, symptomology, and functioning may be associated with depression and endorsement of suicidal ideation (SI) in patients with a self‐reported diagnosis of ME or CFS. Findings indicated that participants that endorsed both SI and depression, in contrast to those that did not, experienced more frequent unsupportive social interactions in the form of blame for their illness, minimization of its severity, and social distancing from others. In addition, 7.1% of patients with ME and CFS endorsed SI but do not meet the criteria for clinical depression These findings highlight the importance of stigma and unsupportive social interactions as risk factors for suicidal thoughts or actions among patients with ME and CFS. Community psychologists have an important role to play in helping educate health care professionals and the public to these types of risk factors for patients marginalized by ME and CFS.
High prevalence and correlates of human herpesvirus‐6A in nevocytic nevus and seborrheic diseases: Implication from a pilot study of skin patient tissues in Shanghai
Authors: Ding Ling , Mo Xiaohui , Zhang Liming , Zhou Feng , Zhu Caixia , Wang Yuyan , Cai Cankun , Liu Yeqiang , Wei Fang , Cai Qiliang 
Published: May 2018

Skin disorders vary greatly in symptom and severity, and the causes of these disorders are largely unknown. Human herpesvirus (HHV) has been shown to cause many diseases. However, the prevalence and correlation of each HHV infection with different skin disorders remains obscure. To reveal the potential link of a certain type of skin disease with herpesvirus infection, a total of 272 patient tissues with inflammatory or neoplastic skin diseases including 7 subtypes in Shanghai, China, were investigated. We found that the overall prevalence of HHV‐6A in inflammatory or neoplastic skin tissues is the most common (40.3%), followed by Epstein‐Barr virus (17.6%), Kaposi’s sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus (KSHV; 9.2%), HHV‐6B (4.4%), human cytomegalovirus (1.1%), and varicella‐zoster virus (0.7%); albeit the co‐infection of HHV‐6A, Epstein‐Barr virus, and KSHV presents to a less extent and none of HSV‐1, HSV‐2, or HHV‐7 were detected. Moreover, HHV‐6A infection is highly associated with nevocytic nevus and seborrheic dermatitis/keratosis diseases, which mainly occur in the head and the neck or the lower limb. Despite no significant difference among the HHV infections in different age groups of skin patient tissues, the distribution of KSHV infection was exclusively and significantly higher (~3.7‐fold) in male skin patients.
Examining the behavioral and structural characteristics of team leadership in extreme environments
Authors: Burke C. Shawn , Shuffler Marissa L. , Wiese Christopher W. 
Published: May 2018

SummaryDespite the growing interest in extreme teams, there is currently a lack of understanding concerning leadership within such teams, as the literature has predominantly focused on team leadership within the context of traditional organizations. The current study investigates team leadership within the context of teams operating in extreme environments, with a specific focus on teams operating in isolated, confined environments. We seek to identify team leadership functions as well as a subset of structural characteristics associated with team leadership in extreme environments (i.e., formality of leadership, locus of leadership, and leadership distribution). We leverage a historiometric approach to capitalize on real historical examples of extreme teams that are rich with critical information regarding actual team leadership functions occurring in extreme settings. Results suggest that team leadership functions such as team problem solving, supporting social climate, structure and planning, and sensemaking are among the most prevalent. Results also indicated that the degree to which leadership is distributed throughout the team as well as the formality of leadership varies across action and transition phases of the team's task cycle.
Oral prebiotics and the influence of environmental conditions in vitro
Authors: Slomka Vera , Herrero Esteban Rodriguez , Boon Nico , Bernaerts Kristel , Trivedi Harsh M. , Daep Carlo , Quirynen Marc , Teughels Wim 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundOnly recently the concept of prebiotics has been introduced in oral health. Few potential oral prebiotics have already been identified in dual species competition assays, showing a stimulatory effect on beneficial bacteria and by this suppressing the outgrowth of pathogenic species. This study aimed to validate the effect of previously identified potential prebiotic substrates on multispecies cultures by shifting the biofilm composition towards a more beneficial species dominated microbiota.MethodsA chemostat culture containing 14 model oral bacterial species was used to grow biofilms for 24 hours which subsequently were treated with prebiotic solutions three times a day for 3 consecutive days. Further the influence of environmental factors such as pH, nutrient availability, oxygen concentration and prebiotic dose on the efficacy of the prebiotic substances was investigated.ResultsThree potential prebiotic substrates N‐acetyl‐D‐mannosamine, succinic acid and Met‐Pro were able to bring the beneficial proportion to > 95%. While the pH of the prebiotic solution did not have an influence on the prebiotic effect, the interplay of nutrient availability, oxygen concentration and prebiotic treatment resulted in significant changes of the microbial composition identifying N‐acetyl‐D‐mannosamine as the most promising oral prebiotic substrate. Showing a clear dose dependent effect, concentrations of N‐acetyl‐D‐mannosamine of 1.0 and 1.5 M resulted in a biofilm composition of 97% beneficial species.ConclusionIntroducing the prebiotic concept in oral health might reveal a valid approach for treatment and prevention of oral diseases and promote oral health.
Bone heat generated using conventional implant drills versus piezosurgery unit during apical cortical plate perforation
Authors: Lajolo Carlo , Valente Nicola Alberto , Romandini William Giuseppe , Petruzzi Massimo , Verdugo Fernando , D'Addona Antonio 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe apical portion of the implant osteotomy receives less irrigation and cooling during surgical preparation. High bone temperature, above the critical 10°C threshold, may impair osseointegration, particularly around dense cortical bone. The aim of this study was to evaluate the apical cortical plate temperature increase with two different devices and pressure loads in a porcine rib ex vivo model.MethodsA total of 24 implant sites were prepared on porcine ribs, divided into 4 groups of 6 samples each, according to the device used (conventional drill system or piezosurgery) and pressure load applied (1,000 g or 1,500 g). A rubber dam was used to isolate the apical cortical plate from the cooling effect of irrigation. Temperature variation measurements were taken using an infrared thermometer.ResultsThe piezosurgery unit was two times more likely to increase the osteotomy temperature by 10°C (OR = 2; 95% CI 1.136, 3.522; P < 0.05). The average temperature increase was 0.07°C (SD = 0.10) for group 1 (drill system 1,000 g); 0.22°C (SD = 0.26) for group 2 (drill system 1,500 g); 9.18°C (SD = 4.51) for group 3 (piezosurgery 1,000 g); and 8.17°C (SD = 6.12) for group 4 (piezosurgery 1,500 g). The piezosurgery site preparation had significantly higher temperature increase than did the conventional drill site preparation (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in temperature change between the two pressure loads applied (P = 0.78). Temperature increases exceeded the critical 10°C threshold in half of the samples prepared with the piezoelectric device.ConclusionsBone overheating using a piezosurgery unit is a potential risk during implant site preparation. The piezosurgical device resulted in significantly higher temperatures than did conventional drilling at the apical cortical portion of the osteotomy. The temperature increase was often higher than the critical 10°C threshold.
Rho‐kinase inhibitor Y‐27632 downregulates LPS‐induced IL‐6 and IL‐8 production via blocking p38 MAPK and NF‐κB pathways in human gingival fibroblasts
Authors: Kang Wenyan , Shang Lingling , Wang Ting , Liu Hongrui , Ge Shaohua 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundPorphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plays a major role in the initiation and progression of chronic periodontitis. Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) interact with bacteria or bacterial products and trigger inflammatory signaling pathways that destroy periodontal tissues. RhoA regulates cytokine production in various cell types. This study investigated the role of Rho‐kinase inhibitor Y‐27632 in LPS‐induced nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) and p‐38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation, and inflammatory cytokine production in HGFs.MethodsEffects of Y‐27632, SB203580 (p38 MAPK inhibitor), and BAY11‐7082 (NF‐κB inhibitor) were assessed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐treated HGFs. Cytotoxicity assays were used to determine the effect of the drugs on HGF viability. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction were applied to evaluate the levels of interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8, and Toll‐like receptors (TLRs). NF‐κB and p38 MAPK pathway activation was detected by western blot and immunocytochemistry.ResultsP. gingivalis LPS at 5 μg/mL, 10 μM Y‐27632, 10 μM SB203580, and 5 μM BAY11‐7082 exhibited no toxicity in HGFs. LPS activated NF‐κB and p38 MAPK by increasing degradation of IκBα and phosphorylation of IκBα, p65, and p38, and facilitating p65 translocation from the cytoplasm to nuclei. The activation of NF‐κB and p38 MAPK induced overproduction of IL‐6 and IL‐8 at both mRNA and protein levels. However, Y‐27632 attenuated LPS‐induced NF‐κB and p38 MAPK activation and inflammatory cytokine production.ConclusionsRho‐kinase inhibitor Y‐27632 downregulates LPS‐induced IL‐6 and IL‐8 production by blocking NF‐κB and p38 MAPK activation in HGFs.
Periodontitis and prevalence of elevated aminotransferases in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Authors: Akinkugbe Aderonke A. , Barritt A. Sidney , Cai Jianwen , Offenbacher Steven , Thyagarajan Bharat , Khambaty Tasneem , Singer Richard , Kallwitz Eric , Heiss Gerardo , Slade Gary D. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundNon‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) prevalence is greater among Hispanics/Latinos than other racial/ethnic groups and prevalence is further reported to vary among Hispanic/Latino background groups. Experimental animal and human studies demonstrate associations between periodontitis and NAFLD, not yet reported among Hispanics/Latinos. This study examined periodontitis as a novel risk factor that may contribute to the burden of NAFLD among Hispanics/Latinos.MethodsData came from 11,914 participants of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Periodontitis was defined as the extent (none, < 30%, ≥30%) of periodontal sites with clinical attachment level (CAL) of ≥3 mm or probing pocket depth (PD) of ≥4 mm. Elevated serum transaminases indicative of suspected NAFLD were defined as having alanine aminotransferase levels (ALT) > 40 IU/L or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) > 37 IU/L for men and ALT > 31 IU/L or AST > 31 IU/L for women. Survey‐logistic regression models estimated prevalence odds ratios (POR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between periodontitis and suspected NAFLD.ResultsThe overall age‐standardized percentage of study participants with < 30% of sites with CAL ≥3 mm or PD ≥4 mm was 53.5% and 58.6%, respectively, while participants with ≥30% sites with CAL ≥3 mm or PD ≥4 mm comprised 16% and 5.72%, respectively. The overall age‐standardized prevalence (95% CI) of suspected NAFLD was 18.1% (17.1‐19.0). For the entire cohort, we observed a dose‐response (i.e. graded) association between PD ≥4 mm and the prevalence odds of suspected NAFLD, whereby participants with < 30% affected had a crude POR = 1.19 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.38) while participants with ≥30% affected had a crude POR = 1.39 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.90). These crude estimates were attenuated toward the null and rendered non‐significant upon covariate adjustment. No differences were found by Hispanic/Latino background group.ConclusionPreviously reported associations between periodontitis and NAFLD were marginal to null in this study of a diverse group of Hispanics/Latinos.
Gingival crevicular fluid and salivary resistin and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha levels in obese children with gingivitis
Authors: Doğusal Gülçin , Afacan Beral , Bozkurt Emir , Sönmez Işıl 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the levels of resistin and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva of obese children with gingivitis.MethodsOne‐hundred and thirty children (65 obese and 65 normal weight; age range 8 to 12 years) were recruited for the study. The children were classified into four subgroups based on their body mass and periodontal status; 1) obese children with gingivitis (OG, n = 33); 2) obese children with healthy periodontium (OH, n = 32); 3) normal weight children with gingivitis (NWG, n = 32); 4) normal weight children with healthy periodontium (NWH, n = 33). Body mass index (BMI) percentile, probing pocket depth (PPD), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI) were recorded. Resistin and TNF‐α were analyzed in GCF and saliva samples by ELISA.ResultsObese children had higher BMI percentiles than normal weight children (p < 0.0001). PPD, GI, PI, GCF volume, GCF, and salivary resistin and TNF‐α levels were similar between obese and normal weight children (P > 0.05). OG and NWG subgroups had significantly higher GI, PI, GCF volume, GCF resistin total amounts, and salivary resistin concentrations but lower GCF resistin and TNF‐α concentrations than OH and NWH (P < 0.0001 for all). GCF resistin total amounts were positively correlated with GI, PI, and GCF TNF‐α total amounts (P < 0.05).ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first study evaluated the levels of resistin in GCF and saliva of children. Obesity is not associated with GCF and salivary resistin and TNF‐α levels in children in the presence of gingival inflammation.
Comparing the effect of strontium‐functionalized and fluoride‐modified surfaces on early osseointegration
Authors: Offermanns Vincent , Steinmassl Otto , Andersen Ole Z. , Jeppesen Christian S. , Sørensen Søren , Talasz Heribert , Lindner Herbert H. , Foss Morten , Kloss Frank 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundStudies have shown that medical devices comprising strontium contribute to bone healing and osseointegration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo performance of surface‐functionalized implants (Ti‐Sr‐O) showing predictable release characteristics of strontium and compare it to performance a commercially available fluoride‐modified surface.MethodsTi‐Sr‐O functionalized, fluoride‐modified, Grade 4 titanium implants were inserted in the femoral condyle of adult male New Zealand white rabbits. Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) was utilized to monitor strontium blood serum levels. Two weeks after insertion, histomorphometric evaluation was performed with respect to bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC%) and bone formation (BF%) using defined regions of interest.ResultsMean values for BIC% showed a comparable degree of osseointegration for Ti‐Sr‐O and the fluoride‐modified surface, while BF% revealed a significant difference in increased BF with Ti‐Sr‐O. AAS measurements did not indicate any influence of the Ti‐Sr‐O modified implants on the strontium blood serum concentrations.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this study, it was shown that the Ti‐Sr‐O coating, with sustained release characteristics of strontium, enhanced bone apposition and, thus, could find practical applications, e.g., within the field of medical implantology.
You're welcome? Hong Kong's attitude towards the Individual Visit Scheme
Authors: Wassler Philipp , Schuckert Markus , Hung Kam , Petrick James F. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis paper used a mixed‐method approach, combining cluster analysis and member‐checking interviews to understand Hong Kong residents' attitudes towards the Individual Visit Scheme policy for mainland Chinese tourists. Three distinct clusters were identified, which grew significantly more positive with advancing age and higher income levels of the respondents. Interviews showed that these two factors substantially position residents' attitude towards the Individual Visit Scheme through social exchange and social representations. Younger, lower income Hong Kongers tended to rely largely on social representations, such as values and preconceptions, whereas older and higher income earning residents were found to build more widely upon more rational social exchange principles.
The impact of volunteer tourism on local communities: A managerial perspective
Authors: Hernandez‐Maskivker Gilda , Lapointe Dominic , Aquino Rayssa 
Published: May 2018

AbstractVolunteer tourism, as a potential tool for community development and sustainability, has been gaining the attention of researchers for the past decade. However, little empirical research exists about the impact of this activity on the host communities from the managerial point of view. The research, based on a qualitative study of managers' opinions from volunteer tourism organizations' leading programs worldwide, not only emphasizes the impacts of voluntourism but also suggests moving from a top‐down style of volunteering to a cocreation process. Contradictions emerge from the discourses of managers regarding the positive, negative, and long‐term impacts of voluntourism, and managerial implications are suggested.
Influence of Branching of Polythiophenes on the Microporosity
Authors: Mulunda Mikael Monga , Zhang Zidan , Nies Eric , van Goethem Cédric , Vankelecom Ivo F. J. , Koeckelberghs Guy 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA chain growth polymerization of a branched polythiophene (BT) using a Pd(Ruphos) catalyst, as a promising route to synthesize microporous conjugated polymers with well‐defined structures is reported. From N2 adsorptions/desorption isotherm measurements, a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area of 40.7 m2 g−1 is calculated for the BT, significantly higher than that of the linear poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) (25.7 m2 g−1). The same trend is confirmed by simulations of the two polymer structures, from which a geometric surface area (SAgeo) of 140 ± 15.8 m2 g−1 is calculated for the BT, much more higher than for the P3HT with a SAgeo of 6.7 ± 7.1 m2 g−1. Moreover, the BT is soluble in common organic solvent and is readily processed in membrane with a CO2/N2 selectivity up to 24.