bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kantelepelimannit Arvi, Aarne ja Alfred
Authors: Syrjälä Pauliina 
Published: December 2018

Tämä artikkeli käsittelee suomalaisen kanteleperinteen yhtä lajia, tikkusoittoa. Aihetta on tähän saakka tutkittu vain vähän, vaikka arkistoaineiston perusteella perinteisten tikkusoittotyylien kirjo on ollut laaja. Näkökulmani tässä artikkelissa on musiikkianalyyttinen, mutta arkistoaineiston tutkiminen on tapahtunut ensisijaisesti soittamalla havainnoiden.
Artikkelin kysymyksenasettelu kytkeytyy tikkusoiton perinnetyyleihin ja niiden tutkimiseen soittamalla. Tarkastelen kolmen tikkusoittoperinnettä edustavan pelimannin henkilökohtaista tyyliä. Millaisina nämä soittotyylit näyttäytyvät, kun niitä lähestyy kaikilta näiltä soittajilta tallennetun Hienohelma-kappaleen versioita vertaillen? Selvitän myös tyylintutkimuksen prosessia, kun muusikko tutkii perinnetyylejä soittonsa avulla arkistomateriaaliin perustuen. Millaisia haasteita hän tässä työssä kohtaa?
Artikkelin taustatyössä olen tutkinut ja opiskellut perinnettä arkistotallenteilta soittaen sekä analysoiden, esittänyt perinnetyylejä konsertissa ja pohtinut syvällisesti suhdettani traditioon. Tärkein menetelmäni on ollut soittamalla havainnoiminen ja lähestymistapana musisoiva tutkija, tutkiva muusikko on tässä tutkimuksessa olennainen.
Artikkelin tutkimusaineisto koostuu vuosina 1937–1983 kerätyistä tikkusoiton arkistotallenteista, jotka ovat peräisin neljästä eri arkistosta. Analyysiosuudessa keskityn vertailemaan ja erittelemään kolmen pelimannin, Arvi Pokelan, Aarne Moision ja Alfred Backmanin soittotyylien piirteitä. Keskinäisten eroavaisuuksiensa vuoksi nämä tyylit muodostavat kattavan otoksen tikkusoiton arkistomateriaalista.
Kolmelta soittajalta tallennettujen Hienohelmojen myötä avautui mahdollisuus tarkastella, kuinka nämä pelimannit ovat toteuttaneet saman kappaleen kukin omalla henkilökohtaisella tyylillään. Soittotyylejä vertailtaessa huomio kiinnittyy ennen kaikkea niiden moninaisuuteen. Moision ja Pokelan tyylit asettuvat tämän vertailun ääripäihin Backmanin tyylin sijoittuessa näiden välimaastoon.
Perinteisten soittotapojen opetteluun liittyy monenlaisia haasteita, kun se perustuu pelkästään arkistotallenteiden hyödyntämiseen, eikä pelimannin tyyliin ole mahdollista tutustua yhdessä hänen kanssaan musisoiden. Tällainen työskentely kuitenkin kannattaa, sillä sen avulla voi ymmärtää menneisyyttä ja mahdollistaa tradition jatkumista.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa SD pada Pembelajaran Tematik melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Role Playing
Authors: Kencana Sari Fransiska Faberta 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas IV di SD Negeri Kecandran 01 Kecamatan Sidomukti, Salatiga pada pembelajaran tematik tema 8.Daerah tempat tinggalku, subtema 1, pembelajaran ke 4 melalui penerapan model pembelajaran role playing. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan mengadopsi model Stringer dengan pelaksanaan tahap look (melihat), think (berpikir) dan act (bertindak). Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Kecandran 01 sebanyak 33 siswa yang terdiri dari 16 siswa laki-laki dan 17 siswa perempuan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penilaian autentik dengan menilai sikap (observasi), pengetahuan (tes), dan keterampilan (penilaian kinerja). Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif komparatif yaitu membandingkan kondisi awal sebelum tindakan dengan hasil setelah tindakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan hasil belajar dalam ranah pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan. Dalam ranah pengetahuan hasil belajar meningkat dari persentase ketuntasan 48% dengan rata-rata kelas 67, menjadi 93% dengan rata-rata kelas 85. Dalam ranah sikap rata-rata siswa mampu mencapai predikat B (Baik) dari predikat C (Cukup). Dalam ranah keterampilan hasil belajar meningkat dari rata-rata 62 menjadi 75. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan penerapan model pembelajaran role playing dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar pada pembelajaran tematik kerena mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam tiga ranah yaitu pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan.
Rabies surveillance in the United States during 2017
Authors: Ma Xiaoyue , Monroe Ben P. , Cleaton Julie M. , Orciari Lillian A. , Li Yu , Kirby Jordona D. , Chipman Richard B. , Petersen Brett W. , Wallace Ryan M. , Blanton Jesse D. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe rabies and rabies-related events occurring during 2017 in the United States.
DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis of passive surveillance data.
ANIMALS All animals submitted for laboratory diagnosis of rabies in the United States during 2017.
PROCEDURES State and territorial public health departments provided data on animals submitted for rabies testing in 2017. Data were analyzed temporally and geographically to assess trends in domestic and sylvatic animal rabies cases.
RESULTS During 2017, 52 jurisdictions reported 4,454 rabid animals to the CDC, representing a 9.3% decrease from the 4,910 rabid animals reported in 2016. Of the 4,454 cases of animal rabies, 4,055 (91.0%) involved wildlife species. Relative contributions by the major animal groups were as follows: 1,433 (32.2%) bats, 1,275 (28.6%) raccoons, 939 (21.1%) skunks, 314 (7.0%) foxes, 276 (6.2%) cats, 62 (1.4%) dogs, and 36 (0.8%) cattle. There was a 0.4% increase in the number of samples submitted for testing in 2017, compared with the number submitted in 2016. Two human rabies deaths were reported in 2017, compared with none in 2016.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The overall number of reported cases of animal rabies has decreased over time. Laboratory testing of animals suspected to be rabid remains a critical public health function and continues to be a cost-effective method to directly influence human rabies postexposure prophylaxis recommendations.
Leadership Style, Organizational Performance, and Change Through the Lens of Emotional Intelligence
Authors: Jiménez Marisela 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Transformational leadership style and emotional intelligence are aiding managers’ performance. This study explained the influence that transformational style and emotional intelligence flexibility subscale have on organizational performance during change initiatives. Emotional intelligence and leadership theory represent the theoretical lens and framework in the research study. Emotional intelligence flexibility subscale was assessed with the Emotional Quotient Inventory 2.0 (EQi 2.0), and transformational style was assessed with the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ 5X). The study included a population of 180 managers from a nonprofit company in Texas, USA. Data collected were analyzed using multiple linear regression and Pearson correlational model to assess if a relationship existed between managers’ emotional intelligence flexibility subscale and transformational style. The results showed a relationship between the emotional intelligence flexibility subscale and the transformational style. This research study may be beneficial to leaders in all industries undergoing organizational change to apply emotional intelligence flexibility subscale and transformational leadership style during the implementation of change initiatives.
Preliminary studies on the prevalence and genotyping of Echinococcus granulosus infection in stray dogs in Van Province, Turkey
Authors: Oguz Bekir , Ozdal Nalan , Kilinc Ozlem Orunc , Deger M. Serdar 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Introduction:
Echinococcus granulosus is a zoonotic helminth of the Taeniidae family living in the small intestines of dogs. The hydatid cyst, which is the larval form of this parasite, is observed in sheep, goat, cattle, and many other organisms including humans. It causes a disease called cystic echinococcosis. Identification of strains of E. granulosus in dogs is critical in parasite control and eradication where possible. This study aims to determine the genotype of E. granulosus eggs and prevalence of this parasite in the faeces of dogs in the Van Province using the copro-PCR method.

Material and Methods: This study was conducted between 2015 and 2016 on the faeces obtained from 100 stray dogs from different parts of the Van Province. The coprological examination was conducted using the formalin-ether concentration method.

Results:
Taeniidae eggs were found in 10 (10%) out of 100 faecal samples. E. granulosus was detected in 4 out of 10 of these (40%) infected samples. Sequence analysis of positive amplicons obtained from PCR showed that there were sheep strains (G1).

Conclusion: Dogs in Van area are primarily infected with the livestock genotype of E. granulosus, which is thought to be a potential zoonotic threat to humans.
Immune-enhancing activity of potential probiotic strains of Lactobacillus plantarum in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerling
Authors: Kazuń Barbara , Małaczewska Joanna , Kazuń Krzysztof , Żylińska-Urban Joanna , Siwicki Andrzej K. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Introduction: Immune-potentiating functions of Lactobacillus plantarum strains in the common carp were evaluated.

Material and Methods: Fourteen days of feeding fish dry diet supplemented with the bacteria provided parameters of nonspecific humoral immunity (lysozyme, ceruloplasmin, γ-globulin, total protein levels, and serum bactericidal activity) and cellular immunity (pinocytosis, respiratory burst activity, and potential killing activity of organ phagocytes), as well as the proliferative response of organ lymphocytes stimulated with mitogens. The resistance of fish to infection with Aeromonas hydrophila was also determined.

Results: Dietary supplementation with L. plantarum had a substantial influence on the activity of organ phagocytes, especially the potential killing activity of head kidney cells. A significant increase in the proliferative activity of LPS-stimulated B lymphocytes and in the levels of γ-globulins and total protein was observed. The supplemented diet conveyed higher resistance than the control diet as the cumulative fish mortalities after infection with A. hydrophila were 65% and 85%, respectively.

Conclusion: The results indicate that dietary supplementation with L. plantarum stimulates the antibacterial resistance of common carp and may reinforce defence against bacterial infections, but further studies need to be conducted.
Long-term Influence of Concrete Surface and Crack Orientation on Self-healing and Ingress in Cracks – Field Observations
Authors: Danner Tobias , Geiker Mette Rica 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This paper presents results from investigations on the long-term influence of concrete surface and crack orientation on ingress in cracks. Five reinforced concrete structures from Norway exposed to either de-icing salts or seawater have been investigated. Concrete cores were taken with and without cracks from surfaces with vertical and horizontal orientation. Carbonation in cracks was found on all de-iced structures, and a crack on a completely horizontal surface appeared to facilitate chloride ingress. Ingress of substances from seawater was found in all cracks from marine exposure. However, the impact of cracks on chloride ingress was unclear. Horizontal cracks on vertical surfaces appeared to facilitate self-healing.
Frost Destruction of Concrete – A Study of the Validity of Different Mechanisms
Authors: Fagerlund Göran 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Well-known frost destruction mechanisms applicable to concrete not exposed to salt are, (1) hydraulic pressure during freezing, (2) growth of ice-bodies in capillaries during freezing. Theories behind these mechanisms are presented. A third mechanism, ice expansion during heating of frozen concrete, is put forward. The validity of a certain mechanisms is discussed by analyzing its ability to explain experimental observations.
The Influence of Supplementary Cementitious Materials on Climate Impact of Concrete Structures Exposed to Chlorides
Authors: Al-Ayish Nadia , During Otto , Malaga Katarina , Silva Nelson , Gudmundsson Kjartan 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Addition of fly ash or GGBS in concrete has shown to increase the durability and thus the service life of concrete structures exposed to chlorides. Currently, the durability relies on regulations, which beside a minimum cover thickness also put constraint on amount and type of SCM in different environments. Swedish regulations do not, however, consider the actual durability of different binders. As a consequence, a LCA might be misleading. This paper investigates the climate impact of concrete with SCM in chloride environment. Current prescriptive design approach is compared with a performance based service life approach and applied to bridge parts.
Towards the Understanding of the pH Dependency of the Chloride Binding of Portland Cement Pastes
Authors: Machner Alisa , Hemstad Petter , De Weerdt Klaartje 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Hydrated Portland cement paste exposed to a NaCl solution was acidified by adding HCl in small steps, gradually lowering the pH. The chloride binding of the cement paste changed as a function of the pH. For the range of pH from 13.2 to 12.2, decreasing pH resulted in a considerable increase in the chloride binding. At a pH of 11, the cement paste showed almost no chloride binding. In order to explain the changes in chloride binding upon lowering the pH, the phase assemblage was investigated with SEM-EDS, TGA and XRD and compared to a thermodynamic modelling.
Safety Aspect in Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Railway Transport
Authors: Drzewieniecka Beata , Nowak Marzena 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Safety in transportation of dangerous goods is an important issue in transport processes. The impact of transport damage on the level of safety is very high and therefore becomes a very important issue in transport. The number of breakdowns in railway transport is becoming more and more advanced with deterioration of wagon condition due to aging. Thanks to the analysis of these data, it was possible to approximate the problem of transport failures and their impact on the safety of people involved in this transport process. In addition, the simulation in ALOHA program has been carried out that allows to illustrate the effects of the hazardous substance release from the transport rail tank. This event may result from derailment of the wagon or breakage of the wagon component. The simulation shows the extent of the threat during the incident. The conducted researches and their analysis have shown the problems of railway transport safety on various levels and different planes.
Mathematical Model for Predicting the Ship Speed in the Actual Weather Conditions on the Planned Ocean Route
Authors: Szelangiewicz Tadeusz , Żelazny Katarzyna 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
While operating the ship, one of the most important tasks is forecasting the ocean route. The vessel’s speed characteristics are used to predict the route. Commonly used are very simplified algorithms for calculating those characteristics in which only a few basic ship parameters are used. The article presents a more detailed mathematical model for forecasting the speed of the ship in real weather conditions. This model requires more detailed geometric data of the ship and its propulsion (propeller and propulsion engine), but this data is available for operating ships.
Determination of Regression Formulas for Key Design Characteristics of Container Ships at Preliminary Design Stage
Authors: Abramowski Tomasz , Cepowski Tomasz , Zvolenský Peter 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article presents regression equations to estimate container ship design characteristics based on the most up-to-date data and deadweight capacity, the number of containers and their combination at the preliminary design stage. These design formulas could have application for the estimation of key container ship characteristics such as: main ship dimensions, geometric parameters, main engine total power, ship velocity, final price and others. Regression equations were performed on the basis of IHS Maritime & Trade main container ship data built from 2005-2015. All equations presented in this paper could have practical application at the preliminary design stage and increase ship design theory development.
Analysis of the Possibility of Using Acoustic Emission for Monitoring Technical Condition of the Fuel Injector in 3AL25/30 Engine
Authors: Dudzik Krzysztof 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Acoustic emission method (AE) can be used for the diagnosis of machine parts such as, for example: fuel injectors. This paper presents the methodology and research results of 3AL25/30 engine fuel injector. During research was studied one injector in good condition and second with simulated failure involving closing 2 of 9 holes of the injector tip. Research was carried out on a laboratory test stand using a set of acoustic emission Vallen System. This set included: 4 channel signal recorder AMSY 6, two measurement modules ASIP-2/S, preamplifier with a frequency range 20 kHz-1 MHz and the strengthening of 34 dB, AE signal measurement sensor type VS 150M, with a frequency range 100-450 kHz. During the study, the acoustic emission (AE) generated by tested injector was recorded. The following parameters were determined: amplitude, rise time, duration time, total time, number of events – hits, the effective value of the signal (RMS). Analysis of the results showed significantly longer total time of the injection in the case of damaged injector compared to the injector in good conditions. Signal amplitude was higher, however, the RMS signal reached approximately 3-times lower value for the injector with damaged tip. This means lower quality fuel atomization. Laboratory test results were compared with signals recorded on injectors installed in the engine. Analysis of the signals allowed detection damage of the injector installed in the engine during normal operation.
The Influence of Liquid Viscosity on Atomized Fuel Mean Droplet Size Determined by the Laser Diffraction Method
Authors: Krause Paweł , Labuda Róbert 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The article presents the impact of viscosity of fuel on its atomization, which constitutes an important element of controlling the quality of the fuel-air mixture in compression ignition and direct injection engines. An experiment has been made using a three-hole atomizer of an engine with nominal power of 110 kW and revolutions n = 2800 min−1. Fuel was delivered by a PRW-2M injection pump intended for testing injectors. Fuel was sprayed in the atmospheric air. Three petroleum product liquids used for the experiment had a viscosity of, respectively, 3.93, 16.73 and 36.41 mm2/s. The fuel droplet size in a spray was determined by the laser diffraction method by means of a Spraytec STP 5929 analyzer. The quantity adopted for comparative purposes was the Sauter Mean Diameter D32. The results confirmed that a change of fuel viscosity within the range recommended by ship engine manufacturers has a strong impact on the size of sprayed fuel droplets. Shipowners have a limited choice of low sulphur fuel grade (up to 0.1% S), which forces the engine room personnel to use currently available fuels. Depending on the supplier, marine fuels may vary in viscosity and, according to the recommendations of engine manufacturers, they do not require heating. The increase in the size of the droplets injected into the fuel combustion chamber may affect the quality of the fuel-air mixture, increase of fuel consumption and a greater content of harmful exhaust constituents.
Application of Redundancy in Ship Power Plants of Offshore Vessels
Authors: Tarelko Wieslaw 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Power and propulsion systems of offshore units must be of a very high level of reliability. The loss of ability to perform functions of their components causes generally to very high economic losses, which may be increased by unused the weather window resulting to postponing the planned offshore operations. To ensure carrying out so expensive offshore operations in the most reliable way, various types of redundancies are built-in ship power plants. This paper deals with issues related to application of redundancy in ship power plants of offshore vessels. Especially, evolution of redundancy application in ship power plants, and design solution of redundancy for offshore vessels are presented. Moreover, the specifics of these offshore operations so important from the point of view of minimizing financial losses due to any interruptions caused by failures of power and propulsion systems are discussed in detailed way.
The Effects of the Addition of Vegetable Oil on the Viscosity of Used Marine Engine Oil Marinol RG 1240
Authors: Malinowska Małgorzata 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The article presents conducted research on the effects of the additives of vegetable oil on the viscosity of used marine engine oil Marinol RG 1240. Specifically, it shows dependence between viscosity and temperature for: fresh mineral oil, used mineral oil and blends of oils. Research results were compared and assessed. The viscosity of all oil samples were measured using Vibro Viscometer SV-10, at range of temperatures 5°C-65°C. It is noted that most of the used engine oil samples increase value of viscosity compared to fresh oil. However, the addition of 10% rapeseed oil significantly reduced viscosity parameters for all studied temperatures.
Overview of the Ship Efficiency Management Plan for a Seafaring Model Ship Based on the IMO MEPC 231 (65) Resolution
Authors: Waliszyn Aleksandr , Adamkiewicz Andrzej , Yafasov Abdurashid 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The increase of maritime international trade, especially of dangerous liquid cargos led to a significant increase of the number of sea-going ships. Their operation poses a real threat to the maritime environment both as a result of terminal events with transported dangerous liquid cargos and emissions of harmful products from fuels burnt by ship power systems. Because of those there is a need to undertake actions to prevent such occurrences using formal, legal and utilitarian tools. Philosophy of research methodology and rationalization of actions in compliance with international directives have been shown. The article presents the guidelines of the IMO Resolution MEPC 231(65) on preventing air pollution with carbon dioxide from ships. Design Energy Efficiency Index (EEDI) for a new ship was given as well as Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator (EEOI) determined for conventional ships after a completed voyage was defined and interpreted. A model of a Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) of a chosen ship has been constructed taking into account possible actions aimed at obtaining the highest power efficiency of the ship at sea voyage. Conclusions have been drawn and possible directions of further actions have been established.