bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantile Regression Estimates of Body Weight at Length in Walleye
Authors: Ranney Steven H. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Quantile regression is a method of estimating fish weight at length for alternate portions of a probability distribution, but it is an approach that has not received much attention in fisheries literature. Quantile regression can provide estimates of any quantile of weight at length without bias (including the 75th quantile, which was often the focus of standard weight [Ws] equations), and this is more advantageous than previously defined Ws equations derived from linear or quadratic regression methods. The goal of this study was to demonstrate the utility of quantile regression as a tool to assess fish weight at length at various portions of the probability distribution without bias using Walleye Sander vitreus as a case study. Quantile regression models at the 75th quantile were developed for three randomly selected Walleye populations from Georgia and South Dakota and compared with a large (N = 33,589) reference population. Bootstrap resampling procedures indicated that only one population from the state of Georgia had an intercept and slope similar to the reference population. For the one population that had similar intercept and slope to the reference population, predictions of weight at various lengths still fell below the 95% CIs for predicted weights of the reference population, suggesting that slight differences in intercepts and slopes in allometric relationships can result in predicted weights that still differ at some lengths. Predicted weights of Walleye derived from the 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th quantiles were used to demonstrate how individuals and populations may be compared at different management targets. Overall, this study demonstrates the relative ease with which quantile regression may be used to compare fish body condition between populations without bias.
A registry study of nursing assessments, interventions and evaluations according to nutrition for persons living in municipal residential care homes
Authors: Backlund Anja , Holmbeck Olga , Kumlien Christine , Axelsson Malin 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAimThe aim was to explore planned nursing interventions and evaluations of such interventions, in older people at risk for malnutrition living in municipal residential care homes.DesignsA registry study.MethodsThe study was conducted using data from the Swedish national quality registry Senior Alert. Data on all persons assessed and registered in Senior Alert living in municipal residential care homes in a mid‐sized town between January and December 2014 were subjected to statistical analysis.ResultsIn total, 677 nutritional risk assessments were performed among the participants (N = 587), who were between 65‐109 years. A larger proportion of women were estimated as being at risk for malnutrition compared with men. The three most common prescribed nursing interventions were nutritional treatment, dietary support and weight control; however, interventions were not prescribed for all participants at risk for malnutrition. Lesser than 50% of the interventions were evaluated, with dietary support, pharmaceutical review and weight control the three most likely to be evaluated. Further, planned interventions for participants at risk of malnutrition were implemented more often for men than for women.
Multiplexed Isobaric Tag‐Based Profiling of Seven Murine Tissues Following In Vivo Nicotine Treatment Using a Minimalistic Proteomics Strategy
Authors: Paulo Joao A. , Jedrychowski Mark P. , Chouchani Edward T. , Kazak Lawrence , Gygi Steven P. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractNicotine is a major addictive compound in tobacco and a component of smoking‐related products, such as e‐cigarettes. Once internalized, nicotine can perturb many cellular pathways and can induce alterations in proteins across different cell types; however, the mechanisms thereof remain undetermined. The authors hypothesize that both tissue‐specific and global protein abundance alterations result from nicotine exposure. Presented here is the first proteomic profiling of multiple tissues from mice treated orally with nicotine. Proteins extracted from seven tissues (brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, pancreas, and spleen) from treated (n = 5) and untreated control (n = 5) mice are assembled into a TMT10‐plex experiment. A minimalistic proteomics strategy is employed using TMT reagents efficiently and centrifugation‐based reversed‐phase columns to streamline sample preparation. Combined, over 11 000 non‐redundant proteins from over 138 000 different peptides are quantified in seven TMT10‐plex experiments. Between 7 and 126 proteins are significantly altered in tissues from nicotine‐exposed mice, 11 which are altered in two or more tissues. Our data showcase the vast extent of nicotine exposure across murine tissue.
Highlights from the 2017 North American Cystic Fibrosis Conference
Authors: Martiniano Stacey L. , Toprak Demet , Ong Thida , Zemanick Edith T. , Daines Cori L. , Muhlebach Marianne S. , Esther Charles R. , Dellon Elisabeth P. 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTThe 31st annual North American Cystic Fibrosis Conference (NACFC) was held in Indianapolis, IN on November 2–4, 2017. Abstracts of presentations from the conference were published in a supplement to Pediatric Pulmonology [2017; Pediatr Pulmonol Suppl. 52: S1‐S776]. The current review summarizes several major topic areas addressed at the conference: the pathophysiology and basic science of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease, clinical trials, clinical management issues, and quality improvement (QI). In this review, we describe emerging concepts in several areas of CF research and care.
The effectiveness of magnesium sulfate for status asthmaticus outside the intensive care setting
Authors: DeSanti Ryan L. , Agasthya Nisha , Hunter Krystal , Hussain Mohammed J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAimMagnesium is an adjunctive therapy used in patients with status asthmaticus who do not respond to conventional therapy. The optimal time from initiation of therapy, to determination of response and administration of magnesium has not yet been resolved. Our objective was to determine if magnesium administered in the non‐intensive care setting can decrease duration of continuous albuterol and hospital length of stay.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort analysis of children ages 2‐18 years admitted to the pediatric unit on continuous albuterol between January 2014 and December 2015 in a tertiary care children's hospital. Cohorts were matched on respiratory assessment score (RAS) obtained at a similar duration of albuterol therapy and evaluated for the total duration of continuous albuterol, length of stay (LOS), and adverse events.ResultsThirty‐three patients who received magnesium were matched to 33 patients with the same RAS at a similar duration of continuous albuterol therapy who did not receive magnesium. Those who received magnesium had longer duration on continuous albuterol (34 vs 18 h; P = 0.001; 95% confidence interval [CI] 4‐20; effect size 0.41) and longer LOS (72 vs 49 h; P = 0.037; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1‐33; effect size 0.26) than those who did not receive magnesium.ConclusionChildren requiring continuous albuterol for status asthmaticus can be administered magnesium sulfate outside the PICU with a low incidence of adverse events; however, among a RAS matched cohort, those who received magnesium did not experience shorter time on continuous albuterol, or hospital length of stay.
Characterization of degradation products of macitentan under various stress conditions using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry
Authors: Yerra Naga Veera , Pallerla Pavankumar , Pandeti Sukanya , Tabet Jean‐Claude , Thota Jagadeshwar Reddy 
Published: April 2018

RationaleStress testing of a drug candidate is an important step in the drug discovery and development process. The presence of degradation products in a drug affects the quality as well as the safety and efficacy of drug formulation. Hence, it is essential to develop an efficient analytical method which could be useful for the separation, identification and characterization of all possible degradation products (DPs) of a drug. Macitentan (MT) is an endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA) drug used to treat high blood pressure in the lungs. Comprehensive stress testing of MT was carried out as per ICH guidelines to understand the degradation profile of the drug.MethodsMT was subjected to various stress conditions such as acidic, basic, neutral hydrolysis, oxidation, photolysis and thermal conditions; and the resulting degradation products were investigated using liquid chromatography/diode‐array detection/electrospray ionization high‐resolution mass spectrometry (LC/DAD/ESI‐HRMS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) techniques. An efficient and simple ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) method has been developed using an Accucore C18 column (4.6 × 150 mm, 2.6 μm) using a gradient elution of 5 mM ammonium formate and acetonitrile as mobile phases.ResultsMT was found to degrade under acid and base hydrolysis stress conditions; whereas it was stable under oxidation, neutral hydrolysis, thermal and photolytic conditions. MT formed nine DPs (DP1 to DP9) and one DP (DP10) under acidic and basic hydrolytic conditions, respectively. All the degradation products (DP1 to DP10) were identified and characterized by LC/MS/MS in positive ion mode with accurate mass measurements.ConclusionsMT was found to be labile under hydrolytic conditions. The structures of the DPs were characterized by appropriate mechanisms. The proposed method can be effectively used for the characterization of MT and its DPs.
Screening of semifluorinated n‐alkanes by gas chromatography coupled to dielectric barrier discharge ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Hagenhoff Sebastian , Korf Ansgar , Markgraf Ullrich , Brandt Sebastian , Schütz Alexander , Franzke Joachim , Hayen Heiko 
Published: April 2018

AbstractRationaleThe potential of an atmospheric pressure ionization source based on a dielectric barrier discharge in helium for the hyphenation of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/DBDI‐MS) has been demonstrated only recently and for a limited range of compounds. Due to its ‘soft’ ionization properties and the possibility to choose from a variety of atmospheric pressure ionization MS instruments, GC/DBDI‐MS has the potential to be an interesting alternative to ‘classic’ GC/MS techniques.MethodsThe hyphenation of GC with DBDI‐MS at atmospheric pressure is used for the determination of semifluorinated n‐alkanes in ski wax samples.ResultsDifferent to perfluorinated n‐alkanes, which are typically detected as [M − F + O]− and [M − F]−, semifluorinated n‐alkanes can be detected both in positive mode as [M − 3H + nO]+ and [M − H + nO]+ (n = 0, 1, 2, and 3) ions, as well as in negative mode as a fragment ion representing the fluorinated part of the respective semifluorinated n‐alkane. The method allowed the sensitive detection of semifluorinated n‐alkanes with achievable limits of detection (LODs) in the single digit pg range injected on column. To examine the applicability of the GC/DBDI‐MS method, semifluorinated n‐alkanes were determined in fluorinated ski waxes. Results were confirmed by complimentary GC/electron ionization MS measurements.ConclusionsThe unique SFA ionization patterns serve for complementary unambiguous identification of semifluorinated n‐alkane species in positive mode and screening of contained n‐alkanes fluorinated chain lengths in negative mode.
A mass spectrometry based predictive strategy reveals ADAP1 is phosphorylated at tyrosine 364
Authors: Reisdorph Richard , Littrell‐Miller BobbiJo , Powell Roger , Reisdorph Nichole 
Published: April 2018

RationaleThe goal of this work was to identify phosphorylation sites within the amino acid sequence of human ADAP1. Using traditional mass spectrometry based techniques we were unable to produce interpretable spectra demonstrating modification by phosphorylation. This prompted us to employ a strategy in which phosphorylated peptides were first predicted using peptide mapping followed by targeted MS/MS acquisition.MethodsADAP1 was immunoprecipitated from extracts of HEK293 cells stably transfected with ADAP1 cDNA. Immunoprecipitated ADAP1 was digested with proteolytic enzymes and analyzed by LC/MS in MS1 mode by high‐resolution quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (QTOF‐MS). Peptide molecular features were extracted using an untargeted data‐mining algorithm. Extracted peptide neutral masses were matched against the ADAP1 amino acid sequence with phosphorylation included as a predicted modification. Peptides with predicted phosphorylation sites were analyzed by targeted LC/MS2. Acquired MS2 spectra were then analyzed using database search engines to confirm phosphorylation. Spectra of phosphorylated peptides were validated by manual interpretation. Further confirmation was performed by manipulating phospho‐peptide abundance using calf intestinal phosphatase (CIP) and the phorbol ester, phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA).ResultsOf five predicted phosphopeptides, one, comprised of the sequence AVDRPMLPQEYAVEAHFK, was confirmed to be phosphorylated on a tyrosine at position 364. Pre‐treatment of cells with PMA prior to immunoprecipitation increased the ratio of phosphorylated to unphosphorylated peptide as determined by area counts of extracted ion chromatograms (EIC). Addition of CIP to immunoprecipitation reactions eliminated the phosphorylated form.ConclusionsA novel phosphorylation site was identified at tyrosine 364. Phosphorylation at this site is increased by treatment with PMA. PMA promotes membrane translocation and activation of protein kinase C (PKC), indicating that tyrosine 364 is phosphorylated by a PKC‐dependent mechanism.
Nivolumab‐induced sialadenitis
Authors: Takahashi Saeko , Chieko Xu , Sakai Tetsuya , Hirose Shigemichi , Nakamura Morio 
Published: April 2018

Nivolumab has been increasingly used for a range of malignancies, and a variety of immune‐related adverse events (irAEs) have been reported with its use. Nivolumab‐induced sialadenitis (inflammation of salivary glands) and xerostomia (dry mouth) have been reported to occur in 0.03% and 0.05% respectively, but there have been no case reports published about these side effects. Sialadenitis is not a life‐threatening irAEs, but xerostomia can become irreversible if not recognized and treated as it can otherwise lower quality of life and result in susceptibility to infection. Therefore, healthcare providers need to know about sialadenitis as one of the irAEs of Nivolumab. Thus, we present the first case of nivolumab‐induced sialadenitis.A 70‐year old man with pulmonary adenocarcinoma developed sialadenitis 4 months after initiating nivolumab. His serum amylase levels were elevated to 1373 IU/L, and a biopsy of his labial minor salivary glands showed severe lymphocytic inflammation with damage to the glands. His sialadenitis was improved by taking corticosteroids and by ceasing nivolumab.
Estimation and cancellation of transponder distortions in satellite forward links using memory polynomials
Authors: Dimitrov Svilen 
Published: April 2018

SummaryIn this paper, a practical non‐linear equalizer with iterative distortion cancellation in a satellite receiver is studied. Assuming no prior satellite channel knowledge, distortion estimation and cancellation are performed at the receiver by means of a memory polynomial model used for channel estimation. A data packet transmission scenario over a single‐carrier satellite transponder is simulated, using the not‐linearized amplifier and onboard filter characteristics similar to the direct‐to‐home broadcast DVB‐S2X reference scenario. Varying the memory depth and the non‐linear order of the memory polynomial model trained in the receiver, we compared the packet‐error rate performance of the practical non‐linear equalizer to the standard fractionally spaced linear adaptive equalizer, as well as to an implementation of the non‐linear equalizer with ideal channel knowledge at the receiver. The improved receiver demonstrates superior performance as compared with the standard linear equalizer with up to 5.48‐dB energy efficiency gain for 64‐amplitude and phase‐shift keying for a practical memory polynomial set‐up, and it approaches consistently the packet‐error rate performance of the implementation with ideal channel knowledge when increasing the memory depth and the non‐linear order. Furthermore, it enables the use of high‐order modulation up to 256‐amplitude and phase‐shift keying in the studied scenario, improving significantly the spectral efficiency of the air interface.
Interprofessional educator development: Build it and they will come
Authors: Pien Lily C. , Stiber Michaela , Prelosky Allison , Colbert Colleen Y. 
Published: April 2018

Background We describe an interprofessional educator development program, designed intentionally, that was implemented at an academic healthcare centre. In 2014, we purposefully adapted our pre-existing educator development program to be able to include all interprofessional educators at our institution. The program’s goals were to enhance educator skills, a common need due to requirements of accreditation, and to create a local interprofessional community of teachers. The framework of the program was based upon adult learning principles, reflective practice, experiential learning and peer groups, all key characteristics of faculty development programs. It was also longitudinal and immersive. Kirkpatrick’s program evaluation model was used for identifying results; participants’ self-reported evaluation forms were collected and their narrative comments were analyzed.
Results After we opened our educator program to all interprofessional staff, our number of program participants increased. The interprofessional participants included, but was not limited to, physicians, physician trainees, nurses, physician assistants, audiologists, perfusionists, and basic science researchers. Our number of program sessions and program faculty were expanded. Our interprofessional participants reported that they were able to learn essential knowledge, skills and attitudes for their growth and development as educators, in the context of an interprofessional community, while also appreciating the diversity of their peers.
Discussion We share our insights with the redesign and implementation of an interprofessional educator program so that others can learn from our experiences.
Prenatal Diagnosis of Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery in Unselected North Indian Population: Significance and Counselling
Authors: Shah Nupur 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis study was carried out to assess the incidence and association of aberrant right subclavian artery in North Indian population and to analyse its significance as a marker of Down syndrome and to formulate an adaptable protocol for counselling and management of such pregnancies. A prospective assessment of 1024 consecutive unselected pregnancies with gestational age between 12 and 34 weeks was carried out from May 2016 to August 2017 at the author’s fetal medicine centre in North India. The screening for ARSA was performed with Color Doppler using low PRF at 3 vessel trachea view in axial section followed by confirming of arterial flow pattern by pulse Doppler. Incidence of ARSA in this study was 0.58%. Thirty-three percent of cases of ARSA were associated with other anomalies whereas 66% were isolated. Trisomy 21 was found in 16.6% of cases. ARSA as a marker of Trisomy 21 has a high specificity (99%) but low sensitivity (33%, [95% CI]). Although global likelihood ratio (LR) for ARSA as a marker for Down syndrome was high, the LR for isolated ARSA was nil. Isolated ARSA can be considered a normal variant and does not warrant invasive prenatal diagnosis in the scenario of low biochemical risk. On the other hand, ARSA associated with other markers/anomalies warrants invasive prenatal diagnosis.
Outcome of Haemodynamically Unstable Open Pelvic Fracture Patients Managed with “3-in-1” Pelvic Damage Control Protocol in a Major Trauma Centre
Authors: Aaran Leung Heng Chi , Him Chui King , Bong Lee Kin , Wilson Li 
Published: April 2018

Introduction Open pelvic fractures are one of the most challenging and severe injuries of orthopaedics. These patients usually are associated with high mortality and morbidity. Therefore, multiple studies have suggested different methods to deal with this challenging problem. Our hospital is one of the few trauma centers in Hong Kong that deals with these patients. We have developed a “3-in-1” pelvic damage control protocol that strategically treats patients with pelvic injuries with open fractures. This article aims to review the outcomes of patients suffering from open pelvic fractures, admitted from January 2011 to 2016. Patients & Methods All patients diagnosed with hemodynamically unstable open fracture admitted from January 2011 to 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. All these patients were treated with our hospital's “3-in-1” pelvic damage control protocol. We analyzed their demographics, associated injuries, Injury Severity and final outcomes. Results Twelve consecutive patients were included in this study. Seventy-five percent (n = 9) of them were successfully resuscitated and discharged from hospital as their final outcome. Conclusion Our hospital's “3-in-1” pelvic damage control protocol improves the survival rate of patients suffering from haemodynamically unstable open fracture, including open fracture. External fixation of pelvis, retroperitoneal packing and emergency angiography with embolization play important and inseparable roles in management of these critical patients. Adequate wound lavage, timely urinary and faecal diversion will improve the overall morbidity and survival further.
Outcomes in Hospitalized Ischemic Stroke Patients with Dementia on Admission: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Zerna Charlotte , Lindsay Mary P. , Fang Jiming , Swartz Richard H. , Smith Eric E. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundDementia prevalence is rising, and it will double in the next 20 years. This study sought to understand the prevalence of dementia in hospitalized patients with ischemic stroke, and its impact on outcomes.MethodsUsing the Canadian Institute of Health Information’s (CIHI) Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), all acute ischemic stroke admissions from April 2003 to March 2015 in Canada (excluding Quebec) were analyzed. Concurrent dementia at the time of admission was assessed based on hospital diagnostic codes. Characteristics and in-hospital outcomes were compared in patients with and without dementia using χ2 and negative binomial, as well as Poisson regression analysis.ResultsDuring the observed period, 313,138 people were admitted to a hospital in Canada for an ischemic stroke. Of those, 21,788 (7.0%) had a concurrent diagnosis of dementia. People with dementia had older median age (84 vs. 76 years; p<0.0001), were more often female (59.6% vs. 48.4%; p<0.0001) and more often had Charlson-Deyo Comorbidity Index ≥2 (64.5% vs. 43.5%; p<0.0001). Patients with dementia were less likely to be discharged to a rehabilitation facility (adjusted risk ratio [RR] 3.089, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.992-3.188, p<0.0001) or home independently (adjusted RR 0.756, 95% CI 0.737-0.776, p<0.0001).InterpretationApproximately 1 in 13 hospitalized ischemic stroke patients has coded dementia. Patients with ischemic stroke and concurrent dementia have higher mortality, face significantly more dependence after stroke and utilize greater healthcare resources than stroke patients without dementia. Causative conclusions are limited by the administrative data source. Early care planning and coordination could potentially optimize outcomes.