bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epilithic Biofilms in Lake Baikal: Screening and Diversity of PKS and NRPS Genes in the Genomes of Heterotrophic Bacteria
Authors: SUKHANOVA ELENA , ZIMENS EKATERINA , KALUZHNAYA OKSANA , PARFENOVA VALENTINA , BELYKH OLGA 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
A collection of heterotrophic bacteria consisting of 167 strains was obtained from microbial communities of biofilms formed on solid substrates in the littoral zone of Lake Baikal. Based on the analysis of 16S rRNA gene fragments, the isolates were classified to four phyla: Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. To assess their biotechnological potential, bacteria were screened for the presence of PKS (polyketide synthase) and NRPS (non-ribosomal peptide synthetases) genes. PKS genes were detected in 41 strains (25%) and NRPS genes in 73 (43%) strains by PCR analysis. The occurrence of PKS genes in members of the phylum Firmicutes (the genera Bacillus and Paenibacillus) was 34% and NRPS genes were found in 78%. In Proteobacteria, PKS and NRPS genes were found in 20% and 32%, and in 22% and 22% of Actinobacteria, respectively. For further analysis of PKS and NRPS genes, six Bacillus and Paenibacillus strains with antagonistic activity were selected and underwent phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA genes. The identification of PKS and NRPS genes in the strains investigated was demonstrated among the homologues the genes involved in the biosynthesis of antibiotics (bacillaene, difficidine, erythromycin, bacitracin, tridecaptin, and fusaricidin), biosurfactants (iturin, bacillomycin, plipastatin, fengycin, and surfactin) and antitumor agents (epothilone, calyculin, and briostatin). Bacillus spp. 9A and 2A strains showed the highest diversity of PKS and NRPS genes. Bacillus and Paenibacillus strains isolated from epilithic biofilms in Lake Baikal are potential producers of antimicrobial compounds and may be of practical interest for biotechnological purposes.
Trends in metering potable water
Authors: Maiolo Mario , Carini Manuela , Capano Gilda , Pantusa Daniela , Iusi Marco 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Sustainable management of drinking water distribution systems requires information on the operating status of system components to identify the best operational management measures. The ability to acquire information on tank levels, pipeline flow and real-time pressure offers an efficient and cost-effective management perspective, and enables wider monitoring, which can improve (physical) security as well. The technology of measuring instruments for hydrodynamic variables, used to monitor potable water systems, differs in their independence from electronic data acquisition components and ability to connect to remote data communication systems. Advanced water measurement infrastructure is characterized by the ability to capture data with measurable errors from anywhere in the system, without restrictions on communication type. This paper deals with the measurement of hydrodynamic parameters and a proposal for water meter classification. It includes analysis of the main water meter and data tele-acquisition infrastructure. Several selection criteria are evaluated with respect to their ability to support mathematical hydraulic models and expert systems for water distribution system management.
Initial pH and K+ concentrations jointly determine the types of biogenic ferric hydroxysulfate minerals and their effect on adsorption removal of Cr(VI) in simulated acid mine drainage
Authors: Song Yongwei , Zhang Jianyu , Wang Heru 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
It is of practical significance to promote the transformation of Fe in acid mine drainage (AMD) into ferric hydroxysulfate minerals with strong ability to remove heavy metals or metalloids. To investigate the types of biogenic ferric hydroxysulfate minerals generated in AMD by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (A. ferrooxidans), different pH and K+ concentrations are tested for the formation of precipitates in media containing 160 mmol/L Fe2+. The Cr(VI) removal efficiencies of ferric hydroxysulfate minerals in AMD with different acidities are also compared. Results indicate that the mineralizing abilities of the initial pH levels (pH 3.0 &gt; pH 2.5 &gt; pH 2.0) and K+ concentrations (53.3 mmol/L &gt; 3.2 mmol/L ≈ 0.8 mmol/L) differ, with cumulative Fe precipitation efficiencies of 58.7%, 58.0%, and 44.2% (K+ = 53.3 mmol/L), and 58.7%, 29.9%, and 29.6% (pH 3.0) after 96 h of A. ferrooxidans incubation, respectively. X-ray diffraction indicates that K-jarosites are formed in the treatments n(Fe)/n(K) = 0.1 and 3 at pH 2.0–3.0, while only schwertmannite is generated in a system of pH 3.0 and n(Fe)/n(K) = 200. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals that HCrO4− may be adsorbed as an inner-sphere complex on schwertmannite when the AMD pH is 3.0.
Nitrous oxide emissions of a mesh separated single stage deammonification reactor
Authors: Schoepp T. , Bousek J. , Beqaj A. , Fiedler C. , Wett B. , Fuchs W. , Ertl T. , Weissenbacher N. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
It is widely accepted that partial nitrification by ANAMMOX has the potential to become one of the key processes in wastewater treatment. However, large greenhouse gas emissions have been panobserved in many cases. A novel mesh separated reactor, developed to allow continuous operation of deammonification at smaller scale without external biomass selection, was compared to a conventional single-chamber deammonification sequencing batch reactor (SBR), where both were equally-sized pilot-scale reactors. The mesh reactor consisted of an aerated and an anoxic zone separated by a mesh. The resulting differences in the structure of the microbial community were detected by next-generation sequencing. When both systems were operated in a sequencing batch mode, both systems had comparable nitrous oxide emission factors in the range of 4% to 5% of the influent nitrogen load. A significant decrease was observed after switching from sequencing batch mode to continuous operation.
Consistent production of high quality PHA using activated sludge harvested from full scale municipal wastewater treatment – PHARIO
Authors: Werker Alan , Bengtsson Simon , Korving Leon , Hjort Markus , Anterrieu Simon , Alexandersson Tomas , Johansson Peter , Karlsson Anton , Karabegovic Lamija , Magnusson Per , Morgan-Sagastume Fernando , Sijstermans Luc , Tietema Martin , Visser Cindy , Wypkema Etteke , van der Kooij Yede , Deeke Alexandra , Uijterlinde Cora 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biopolymers by mixed microbial cultures concurrent to wastewater treatment is a valorization route for residual organic material. This development has been at pilot scale since 2011 using industrial and municipal organic residuals. Previous experience was the basis for a PHA production demonstration project: PHARIO. PHARIO was centred on processing surplus activated sludge biomass from the Bath full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant in the Netherlands to produce PHA. Full-scale surplus activated sludge was fed to a pilot facility to produce PHA rich biomass using fermented volatile fatty acid (VFA) rich liquors from industry or primary sludge sources. A PHA rich biomass with on average 0.41 gPHA/gVSS was obtained with reproducible thermal properties and high thermal stability. A routine kilogram scale production was established over 10 months and the polymer material properties and market potential were evaluated. Surplus full-scale activated sludge, over four seasons of operations, was a reliable raw material to consistently and predictably produce commercial quality grades of PHA. Polymer type and properties were systematic functions of the mean co-polymer content. The mean co-polymer content was predictably determined by the fermented feedstock composition. PHARIO polymers were estimated to have a significantly lower environmental impact compared to currently available (bio)plastics.
Degradation of cyanide, aniline and phenol in pre-treated coke oven wastewater by peroxide assisted electro-oxidation process
Authors: Singh Hariraj , Mishra Brijesh Kumar 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe present study explored the feasibility of using graphite electrodes for the electrochemical oxidation of cyanide, thiocyanate, phenol and aniline with hydrogen peroxide. The dosing effects of hydrogen peroxide and current density were examined in the pre-treated coke oven wastewater. It was found that 0.025 M hydrogen peroxide and 13.63 mA/cm2 of current density were more favorable for the removal of 100%, 90%, 71% and 40% cyanide, thiocyanate, phenol and aniline respectively. The increased removal of phenol in the coke oven wastewater was attributed to the pre-treatment of wastewater. Initially, 28% phenol was converted to phenolate ion by air stripping process, which increased the removal rate of phenol by the electro-oxidation process as the removal of phenolate is quite easy compared to phenol. The advanced oxidation process degrades the more toxic cyanide into less toxic intermediate cyanate ions (CNO─), which further cut down into nontoxic end products such as N2, HCO3 and CO2. The experimental results show that the primary mechanisms in the oxidation of cyanide and phenol are mediated electro-oxidation by hydroxyl radicals and hypochlorite ions. The operating cost under the optimized conditions for the removal of 100% cyanide and 71% phenol was estimated to be 616.95 INR/m3.
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Third-Generation Biodiesel Produced Heterotrophically by Phormidium Autumnale
Authors: Siqueira Stefania Fortes , Deprá Mariany Costa , Zepka Leila Queiroz , Jacob-Lopes Eduardo 
Published: December 2018

Objectives:
The aim of this work was to perform a prospective life cycle assessment of the third-generation biodiesel (3G) produced from the heterotrophic cultivation of Phormidium autumnale, using sucrose as the carbon source.

Materials and Methods:
The study focused on the optimization of the process parameters, in the life cycle assessment and in the biofuel quality analysis in diverse microalgae-based scenarios.

Results:
In the best scenario, the production of microalgal biodiesel has positive energy production (50.59 MJ/kg) associated with low consumption of water (28.38 m3/kg) and low CO2 emissions (9.18 kg CO2-eq/kg). In terms of composition, this oil was predominantly saturated (45.20%), monounsaturated (34.70%), and polyunsaturated (19.90%), resulting in a biodiesel that complies with U.S., European, and Brazilian standards.

Conclusion:
The high potential capacity for lipid production obtained is interesting for the generation of quality biodiesel that meets or surpasses the most stringent U.S., European, and Brazilian fuel standard requirements.
A Educação Nova e o Novismo em Educação: O novo como ilusão necessária
Authors: Araújo Alberto Filipe Ribeiro de Abreu , De Araújo Joaquim Machado 
Published: December 2018

Este artigo assinala as vertentes utópica e ideológica da visão educativa da Educação Nova. Distingue uma perspetiva do totalmente novo fechado sobre si próprio, que se absolutiza e visa instaurar um mundo totalmente outro, e uma perspetiva do novo relativo, que reconhece as partes da novidade que estão “aí” à espera de uma formulação sistemática que as acolha e lhes dê o sentido de um todo. Um todo sempre não completo e, por isso, inconfundível com o campo da experiência e aberto a outras partes da novidade de que o todo possa carecer, mesmo que o ignore. Discorre também analítica e criticamente sobre a natureza do “novo” que a “novidade” da Educação Nova seria suposto veicular, e indaga se ele não é mais uma ilusão provocada pela crença e pelo desejo dos fundadores da Educação Nova do que, na verdade, um facto substantivo e radicalmente inovador como eles o pretendiam fazer crer. Por fim, considera as trocas mútuas da ideologia e da utopia enquanto figuras da imaginação e, reconhecendo a incorporação de partes do Novo na Escola Tradicional, identifica o impoder da Educação Nova e reafirma o Novo como ilusão necessária a um movimento de renovação pedagógica.
Palavras-chave: Esperança; Educação Nova; Escola Tradicional; Rutura
The Need for Palliative Care in Primary Health Care
Authors: Arisanti Nita , Hilmanto Dany , Setiawati Elsa Pudji , Pandia Veranita 
Published: December 2018

.................... The access to palliative care in ends of life is one of the patients’ rights. Therefore it should be delivered into every level of health care for patients and family members. In some countries, palliative care is more frequent delivered in hospitals compare to primary health care, even though primary health care has a significant role in providing palliative care. Most families prefer to care for patients at home rather than in the hospital................................... The implementation of palliative care in Indonesia is still very limited to certain hospitals, even though doctors in primary care have great potential to offer such care to people in the community. Some of the factors contributing to the implementation are cultural and socioeconomic factors, patient and family perceptions, attitudes of service providers, lack of trained personnel, distribution of palliative care units, lack of consolidation and limited funds. As a result, patients with end-stage disease die in hospitals without receiving palliative care or dying at home with inadequate support................
Comparative outcome of induced labor by intracervical Foley catheter with misoprostol versus misoprostol alone
Authors: Priyadarshini Apala , Jaiswar Shyam P , Singh Apoorva , Singh Swati 
Published: December 2018

Aim:To evaluate the comparative outcome of induced labor by intracervical Foley catheter with misoprostol versus misoprostol alone.Materials & methods:A total of 1306 women were enrolled over 4 years, induced with either intracervical Foley with misoprostol or misoprostol alone and compared in terms of induction-delivery interval, mode of delivery, the presence of uterine tachysystole, postpartum hemorrhage and perinatal outcome.Results:Induction to delivery interval, the duration between induction to active labor was significantly reduced, deliveries within 24 h were significantly higher and the number of misoprostol doses used was significantly less in Foley with misoprostol group.Conclusion:The outcome of combination of intracervical Foley catheter and misoprostol is superior for labor induction, without affecting maternal or perinatal outcome.
Distribusi Jenis Tikus yang Terkonfirmasi sebagai Reservoir Hantavirusdi Provinsi Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Santoso Santoso , Salim Milana , Suryaningtyas Nungki Hapsari 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Hantavirus infection has been reported in many countries, including in Indonesia with estimated cases in the world of 150,000-200,000 cases and CFR between 5-15%. Reports of hantavirus in humans in Indonesia have not been widely reported. Results specialized vectora research in 2015 found hantavirus infection in mice. Hantavirus examination was performed by two methods, ELISA and PCR. ELISA results obtained 8.9% (28/316) of mice infected with hantavirus, and PCR examination of 65.5% (19/29). Further analysis of the results of this rikhus vektora aims to determine the distribution of mice infected with hantavirus. The result of bivariate analysis did not show any statistically significant relationship between dependent and independent variables. The most heavily infected mice of hantavirus are adult male Rattus and male sex. The most common type of ecosystem found in hantavirus positive rats is remote forest settlements (11.5%) with the most common type found in paddy fields (25%).

Abstrak
Infeksi hantavirus telah dilaporkan di banyak Negara, termasuk di Indonesia dengan perkiraan kasus di dunia sebesar 150.000-200.000 kasus dan CFR antara 5 - 15%. Laporan hantavirus pada manusia di Indonesia belum banyak dilaporkan. Hasil Riset khusus vektora tahun 2015 menemukan infeksi hantavirus pada tikus. Pemeriksaan hantavirus dilakukan dengan dua metode yaitu ELISA dan PCR. Hasil pemeriksaan ELISA mendapatkan 8,9% (28/316) tikus terinfeksi hantavirus, dan pemeriksaan PCR sebesar 65,5% (19/29). Analisis lanjut hasil Rikhus vektora ini berujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi tikus yang terinfeksi hantavirus. Hasil analisis bivariat tidak menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara variabel dependen dan independent. Jenis tikus yang paling banyak terinfeksi hantavirus adalah Rattus usia dewasa dan jenis kelamin jantan. Tipe ekosistem paling banyak ditemukan tikus positif hantavirus adalah hutan jauh pemukiman (11,5%) dengan jenis lokasi paling banyak ditemukan di sawah (25%).
Pengaruh Jamu Obesitas terhadap Indeks Massa Tubuh, Lingkar Perut, dan Lingkar Lengan dibandingkan dengan Orlistat dan Evaluasi Keamanannya
Authors: Ardiyanto Danang 
Published: December 2018

Obesity could be a risk factor for other diseases, especially degenerative diseases. The prevalence of obesity is beginning to elevate at developing countries. Indonesia has some traditional ingredients that can be used for alternatives in obesity problems. But there isnot valid evidence for the efficacy and safety of traditional herbs. This study was conducted to evaluate efficacy of Jamu formulation in comparison with orlistat and evaluate its safety. Jamu formula contains Guazuma ulmifolia dried leaves, Murraya paniculata dried leaves, Rheum officinale dried roots, and Sonchus arvensis dried leaves. The present study was an randomized clinical trial open label undertaken in 242 subjects of obesity for 56 days. The Jamu group received a glass twice daily and orlistat group received a capsule twice daily. Efficacy was assessed by the changes in body mass index, waist and mid-upper arm circumference. Safety was evaluated by SGOT, SGPT, ureum, dan creatinine. There was a significant decrease (p<0,05) in body mass index, waist and mid-upper arm circumference after intervention in both group. Changes of those parameters were not significantly different (p>0,05) between both groups. No significant alteration was seen in most of the SGOT, SGPT, ureum, dan creatinine in Jamu formula groups. This study showed Jamu formula was an equally effective, but safe alternative for obesity management.

Abstrak
Obesitas dapat menjadi faktor resiko penyakit lain khususnya penyakit degeneratif. Prevalensi obesitas mulai mengalamai peningkatan di negara berkembang. Indonesia memiliki beberapa ramuan tradisional yang dapat digunakan untuk alternatif dalam masalah obesitas. Namun belum ada bukti yang kuat mengenai khasiat dan keamanan dari ramuan tradisional yang ada. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui manfaat dan keamanan ramuan jamu yang terdiri dari simplisia daun jati belanda, daun kemuning, akar kelembak, dan daun tempuyung dibandingkan orlistat. Penelitian ini menggunakan randomized clinical trial (RCT) open label dengan 242 subyek selama 56 hari.. Kelompok jamu diberikan segelas jamu 2 kali sehari, sedangkan kelompok orlistat diberikan satu kapsul sehari dua kali. Parameter yang digunakan untuk mengevaluasi khasiat formula jamu dan orlistat adalah indeks masa tubuh (IMT), lingkar perut (LP), lingkar lengan atas (LLA). Sedangkan penilaian keamanan digunakan parameter SGOT, SGPT, BUN, dan kreatinin. Pemberian jamu dan orlistat dapat menurunkan IMT, LP, LLA secara bermakna (p<0,05) jika dibandingkan dengan hari ke-0. Penurunan IMT, LP, LLA kelompok jamu dibandingkan orlistat dapat dikatakan setara (p>0,05). Kelompok jamu menujukkan nilai SGOT, SGPT, ureum, dan kreatinin dalam rentang normal. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ramuan jamu obesitas secara klinis, khasiatnya sebanding dengan orlistat dan aman setelah intervensi selama 56 hari.
Pengetahuan Ibu mengenai BBLR dan cara Menghangatkan Bayi BBLR dengan Perawatan Metode Konvensional, Skin To Skin, dan Tradisional di Kota Bogor
Authors: Rosha Bunga Ch 
Published: December 2018

Kematian neonatal dapat disebabkan oleh hipotermia. Bayi BBLR lebih rentan terhadap masalah hipotermia. Tujuan analisis ini adalah memberikan informasi mengenai pengetahuan ibu terkait BBLR dan cara menghangatkan anak BBLR yang dilakukan ibu untuk mencegah hipotermia dan membantu mencapai pertumbuhan normal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif bagian dari penelitian kohor tumbuh kembang anak (TKA) tahun 2017 di Kota Bogor. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara wawancara mendalam terhadap 12 informan ibu yang memiliki anak dengan riwayat BBLR yang pada saat ini berusia baduta dan telah memiliki status gizi normal berdasarkan indikator BB/U dan BB/TB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar ibu mengetahui cut of point BBLR dan menganggap ukuran anak lebih kecil dibandingkan anak kandung lainnya ataupun anak lain yang sebaya. Untuk mencegah terjadinya hipotermia, terdapat beberapa perawatan yang dilakukan informan baik yang dilakukan di rumah sakit dengan menggunakan perawatan metode konvensional, perawatan metode skin to skin (perawatan metode kangguru dan IMD) dan perawatan metode tradisional. Perlu dilakukan peningkatan pengetahuan ibu mengenai metode menghangatkan suhu tubuh anak BBLR melalui sosialisasi oleh petugas kesehatan, agar ibu dapat melakukan perawatan dan pencegahan hipotermia pada anak yang baru dilahirkan secara mandiri.

ABSTRACT
Neonatal death can be caused by hypothermia. Premature and LBW babies are more susceptible to hypothermia problems. This analysis aims to provide information about the mothers’ knowledge related to LBW and hypothermia prevention on LBW babies in oreder to achieve normal growth. This is a qualitative research part of cohort studies of child development in 2017 in Bogor City. The study was conducted by in-depth interviews to 12 mothers of low birth weight babies and had achieved normal nutritional status at 2 years old (WAZ and HAZ). The results show that most mothers know the cut of point of LBW and assume their child's birth size was smaller than other children. In order to prevent the occurrence of hypothermia, some treatments was done by mothers either through a conventional method (incubator in hospital), skin to skin method (kangaroo method and early breastfeeding initiation), or traditional methods. Increasing knowledge of mother about methods to prevent hypothermia in low birth weight babies through socialization by health officer is important so that mother can do the care independently.
Einstein's redshift derivations: its history from 1907 to 1921
Authors: Bacelar Valente Mário 
Published: December 2018

Einstein's gravitational redshift derivation in his famous 1916 paper on general relativity seems to be problematic, being mired in what looks like conceptual difficulties or at least contradictions or gaps in his exposition. Was this derivation a blunder? To answer this question, we will consider Einstein’s redshift derivations from his first one in 1907 to the 1921 derivation made in his Princeton lectures on relativity. This will enable to see the unfolding of an interdependent network of concepts and heuristic derivations in which previous ideas inform and condition later developments. The resulting derivations and views on coordinates and clocks are in fact not without inconsistencies. However, we can see these difficulties as an aspect of an evolving network understood as a “work in progress”.