bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of cryopreservation on viability and functional stability of an industrially relevant alga
Authors: Kapoore Rahul Vijay , Huete-Ortega María , Day John G. , Okurowska Katarzyna , Slocombe Stephen P. , Stanley Michele S. , Vaidyanathan Seetharaman 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAs algal biotechnology develops, there is an increasing requirement to conserve cultures without the cost, time and genetic stability implications of conventional serial transfers, including issues regarding potential loss by failure to regrow, contamination on transfer, mix up and/or errors in the documentation on transfer. Furthermore, it is crucial to ensure both viability and functionality are retained by stored stock-cultures. Low temperature storage, ranging from the use of domestic freezers to storage under liquid nitrogen, is widely being used, but the implication to stability and function rarely investigated. We report for the first time, retention of functionality in the maintenance of master stock-cultures of an industrially relevant, lipid-producing alga, under a variety of cryopreservation regimes. Storage in domestic (−15 °C), or conventional −80 °C freezers was suboptimal, with a rapid reduction in viability observed for samples at −15 °C and a >50% loss of viability, within one month, for samples stored at −80 °C. No reduction in viability occurred at −196 °C. Post-thaw culture functional performance was also influenced by the cryopreservation approach employed. Only samples held at −196 °C responded to nitrogen limitation in terms of growth characteristics and biochemical profiles (lipid production and chlorophyll a) comparable to the untreated control, cultured prior to cryopreservation. These results have important implications in microbial biotechnology, especially for those responsible for the conservation of genetic resources.
Thermodynamically consistent derivation of chemical potential of a battery solid particle from the regular solution theory applied to LiFePO4
Authors: Zelič Klemen , Katrašnik Tomaž 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe chemical potential of lithium inLixFePO4active cathode nanoparticles and the surface free energy betweenLixFePO4and electrolyte were determined with the novel thermodynamically consistent application of the regular solution theory. Innovative consideration of crystal anisotropy accounts for the consistent determination of the dependency of the chemical potential on the mechanistically derived enthalpy of mixing and the phase boundary gradient penalty. This enabled the analytic, thermodynamically consistent determination of the phase boundary thickness betweenLiFePO4andFePO4, which is in good agreement with experimental observations. The obtained explicit functional dependency of the surface free energy on the lithium concentration enables adequate simulation of the initiation of the phase transition fromFePO4toLiFePO4at the surface of active cathode particles. To validate the plausibility of the newly developed approaches, lithium intercalation into theLixFePO4nanoparticles from electrolyte was modeled by solving the Cahn-Hilliard equation in a quasi-two-dimensional domain.
Impacts of post-transplantation cyclophosphamide treatment after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Namdaroglu Sinem , Kaya Ali Hakan , Batgi Hikmettullah , Kayikci Omur , Dal Mehmet Sinan , Iskender Dicle , Kizil Cakar Merih , Tekgunduz Emre , Altuntas Fevzi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPost-transplant cyclophosphamide has become a promising medical option after allogeneic HSCT. In this study we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of cyclophosphamide and cyclosporine combination in acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) prophylaxis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases scheduled for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Retrospective analysis of data from 40 cases who underwent allogeneic HSCT under GvHD prophylaxis with cyclophosphamide and cyclosporine combination between April 2016 and August 2017 was made. Cyclophosphamide was given at daily doses of 50 mg/kg on post-transplant 3rd and 4th days, and cyclosporine was applied at daily doses of 3 mg/kg/day starting from the 5th post-transplant day. Cyclosporine dose was tapered beginning from the 45th postoperative day and completely discontinued on the 90th post-transplant day. Mean age was 38.25 ± 15.25 years. Posttransplant median follow-up was six months (6–17 months). Post-transplant, the number of deaths and mortality rates related and unrelated to transplantation were 5 (12.5%), and 2 (5%), respectively. Acute GvHD was diagnosed in 7 cases (17.5%), and relapse was noted in 9 cases (22.5%). Myeloablative or reduced intensity conditioning was performed in 22 (55%) and 18 (45%) patients, respectively. The distribution of the donors was as follows: match-related (n = 26; 65%), match-unrelated (n = 9, 22.5%) and haploidentical donors (n = 5; 12.5%). There was no statistically significant correlation between the transplant-related and unrelated mortality and parameters under investigation.Cyclophosphamide use appears to be a highly effective and promising strategy for acute GvHD prophylaxis in non-haploidentical allogeneic HSCT cases. Identification of the impact of cyclophosphamide use on the development of chronic GvHD needs further investigation.
A monoclonal antibody-based indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for flubendiamide detection
Authors: Li Qibo , Cui Yongliang , Liao Min , Feng Tong , Tan Guiyu , Wang Baomin , Liu Shangzhong 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFlubendiamide (FD), the first commercial phthalic acid diamide that targets insect ryanodine receptor (RyRs), has played an important role in pest management. With its extensive worldwide application, a rapid and convenient method to detect its existence in the environment is necessary. In this study, an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA) was developed to analyse FD residue on environmental and food samples. The established icELISA showed a half maximal inhibition concentration (IC50) of 17.25 µg L−1, with a working range of 4.06–103.59 µg L−1 for FD, and showed no cross-reactivity with chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, and several FD analogues. Average FD recoveries from spinach, tap water, and soil samples were 89.3–112.3%, 93.0–102.1%, and 86.9–97.6%, respectively. Meanwhile, FD detection results of icELISA were compared with those of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The comparable results verified that icELISA was suitable for rapid detection of FD residue in environmental and agricultural samples.
New mechanism of plasmons specific for spin-polarized nanoparticles
Authors: Bhatta Hari L. , Aliev Ali E. , Drachev Vladimir P. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHere it is experimentally shown that Co nanoparticles with a single-domain crystal structure support a plasmon resonance at approximately 280 nm with better quality than gold nanoparticle resonance in the visible. Magnetic nature of the nanoparticles suggests a new type of these plasmons. The exchange interaction of electrons splits the energy bands between spin-up electrons and spin-down electrons. It makes it possible for coexistence of two independent channels of conductivity as well as two independent plasmons in the same nanoparticle with very different electron relaxation. Indeed, the density of empty states in a partially populated d-band is high, resulting in a large relaxation rate of the spin-down conduction electrons and consequently in low quality of the plasmon resonance. In contrast, the majority electrons with a completely filled d-band do not provide final states for the scattering processes of the conduction spin-up electrons, therefore supporting a high quality plasmon resonance. The scattering without spin flip is required to keep these two plasmons independent.
The significance of refuge heterogeneity for lowland stream caddisfly larvae to escape from drift
Authors: de Brouwer J. H. F. , Kraak M. H. S. , Besse-Lototskaya A. A. , Verdonschot P. F. M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe process of macroinvertebrate drift in freshwater lowland streams is characterized by dislodgement, drift distance and subsequent return to the bottom. Refuges are important to all drift phases, since they may help larvae to avoid dislodgement and to escape from drift, even more so if the refuge structure is complex and heterogeneous. The aim of the present study was therefore to determine the influence of refuge heterogeneity on the ability of caddisfly larvae to return to the bottom from drift and to avoid secondary dislodgement. To this purpose a series of indoor flume experiments were undertaken, testing six Limnephilidae (Trichoptera) species, that occur on a gradient from lotic to lentic environments. Bed morphology (plain, refuges with or without leaf patches) and flow velocity (low (0.1 m/s), intermediate (0.3 m/s) and high (0.5 m/s) were manipulated. We showed that all species were favoured by refuges and that especially for species on the lentic end of the gradient (L. lunatus, L. rhombicus and A. nervosa), the ability to escape from drift and to avoid secondary dislodgement was increased. Moreover, we showed that all species spent more time in refuges than in open channel parts and more time in heterogeneous refuges (leaf patches) than in bare refuges, the latter being especially the case for larvae of the lotic species. For lentic species, not well adapted to high flow velocity, refuges are thus crucial to escape from drift, while for the lotic species, better adapted to high flow velocity, the structure of the refuge becomes increasingly important. It is concluded that refuges may play a crucial role in restoring and maintaining biodiversity in widened, channelized and flashy lowland streams.
Comparative Physiological and Metabolic Analysis Reveals a Complex Mechanism Involved in Drought Tolerance in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Induced by PGPR and PGRs
Authors: Khan Naeem , Bano Asghari , Rahman M. Atikur , Guo Jia , Kang Zhiyu , Babar Md. Ali 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and plant growth regulators (PGRs) can be applied to improve the growth and productivity of plants, with potential to be used for genetic improvement of drought tolerance. However, for genetic improvement to be achieved, a solid understanding of the physiological and biochemical changes in plants induced by PGPR and PGR is required. The present study was carried out to investigate the role of PGPR and PGRs on the physiology and biochemical changes in chickpea grown under drought stress conditions and their association with drought tolerance. The PGPR, isolated from the rhizosphere of chickpea, were characterized on the basis of colony morphology and biochemical characters. They were also screened for the production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), hydrogen cyanide (HCN), ammonia (NH3), and exopolysaccharides (EPS) production. The isolated PGPR strains, named P1, P2, and P3, were identified by16S-rRNAgene sequencing asBacillus subtilis,Bacillus thuringiensis, andBacillus megaterium, respectively. The seeds of two chickpea varieties, Punjab Noor-2009 (drought sensitive) and 93127 (drought tolerant) were soaked for 2–3 h prior to sowing in 24 h old cultures of isolates. The salicylic acid (SA) and putrescine (Put) were sprayed (150 mg/L) on 25 day old chickpea seedlings. The results showed that chickpea plants treated with a consortium of PGPR and PGRs significantly enhanced the chlorophyll, protein, and sugar contents compared to irrigated and drought conditions. Leaf proline content, lipid peroxidation, and activities of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, APOX, POD, and SOD) all increased in response to drought stress but decreased due to the PGPR and PGRs treatment. An ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS) analysis was carried out for metabolic profiling of chickpea leaves planted under controlled (well-irrigated), drought, and consortium (drought plus PGPR and PGRs) conditions. Proline, L-arginine, L-histidine, L-isoleucine, and tryptophan were accumulated in the leaves of chickpea exposed to drought stress. Consortium of PGPR and PGRs induced significant accumulation of riboflavin, L-asparagine, aspartate, glycerol, nicotinamide, and 3-hydroxy-3-methyglutarate in the leaves of chickpea. The drought sensitive chickpea variety showed significant accumulation of nicotinamide and 4-hydroxy-methylglycine in PGPR and PGR treated plants at both time points (44 and 60 days) as compared to non-inoculated drought plants. Additionally, arginine accumulation was also enhanced in the leaves of the sensitive variety under drought conditions. Metabolic changes as a result of drought and consortium conditions highlighted pools of metabolites that affect the metabolic and physiological adjustments in chickpea that reduce drought impacts.
Effects of prophylactic dexamethasone on postoperative nausea and vomiting in scoliosis correction surgery: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Wakamiya Rie , Seki Hiroyuki , Ideno Satoshi , Ihara Naho , Minoshima Rie , Watanabe Kota , Sato Yasunori , Morisaki Hiroshi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDexamethasone is widely used for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) prophylaxis, but its effect on PONV prevention in paediatric patients is validated only in short minor surgical procedures. In this study, we aimed to determine whether a single dose of dexamethasone reduces PONV in highly invasive surgeries that require opioid-based postoperative analgesia. One hundred adolescents undergoing scoliosis correction surgery were randomized to receive intravenous dexamethasone 0.15 mg/kg (dexamethasone group) or saline (control group) at induction of anaesthesia. The primary outcome was the incidence of PONV in the 72 h postoperatively. Data for 98 patients were available for analysis. The 72-h incidence of PONV was significantly lower in the dexamethasone group than in the control group (62.5% vs 84.0%; RR 0.74, 95% CI 0.58–0.96, P = 0.02). During the first and second 24-h postoperative intervals, fewer patients in the dexamethasone group received rescue antiemetics. Visual analogue scale scores for nausea and pain were lower in the dexamethasone group than in the control group during the first 24 h postoperatively. Dexamethasone did not increase the number of adverse events. The results of this study showed that a single dose of dexamethasone was effective for reducing PONV after paediatric scoliosis correction surgery.
Characterizing laser-plasma ion accelerators driving an intense neutron beam via nuclear signatures
Authors: Favalli A. , Guler N. , Henzlova D. , Croft S. , Falk K. , Gautier D. C. , Ianakiev K. D. , Iliev M. , Palaniyappan S. , Roth M. , Fernandez J. C. , Swinhoe M. T. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCompact, bright neutron sources are opening up several emerging applications including detection of nuclear materials for national security applications. At Los Alamos National Laboratory, we have used a short-pulse laser to accelerate deuterons in the relativistic transparency regime. These deuterons impinge on a beryllium converter to generate neutrons. During the initial experiments where these neutrons were used for active interrogation of uranium and plutonium, we observed β-delayed neutron production from decay of 9Li, formed by the high-energy deuteron bombardment of the beryllium converter. Analysis of the delayed neutrons provides novel evidence of the divergence of the highest energy portion of the deuterons (i.e., above 10 MeV/nucleon) from the laser axis, a documented feature of the breakout afterburner laser-plasma ion acceleration mechanism. These delayed neutrons form the basis of non-intrusive diagnostics for determining the features of deuteron acceleration as well as monitoring neutron production for the next generation of laser-driven neutron sources.
Not all sensors are created equal: a framework for evaluating human performance measurement technologies
Authors: Caulfield Brian , Reginatto Brenda , Slevin Patrick 
Published: February 2019

AbstractRecent years have witnessed an explosion in the number of wearable sensing devices and associated apps that target a wide range of biomedical metrics, from actigraphy to glucose monitoring to lung function. This offers big opportunities for achieving scale in the use of such devices in application contexts such as telehealth, human performance and behaviour research and digitally enabled clinical trials. However, this increased availability and choice of sensors also brings with it a great challenge in optimising the match between the sensor and a specific application context. There is a need for a structured approach to first refining the requirements for a specific application, and then evaluating the available devices against those requirements. In this paper we will outline the main features of such an evaluation framework that has been developed with input from stakeholders in academic, clinical and industry settings.
Associations of CYP1 polymorphisms with risk of prostate cancer: an updated meta-analysis
Authors: Zhu Wei , Liu Hailang , Wang Xinguang , Lu Jinjin , Zhang Huiping , Wang Shaogang , Yang Weimin 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Background. The results of previous studies on the association between polymorphisms of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 and prostate cancer (PCa) susceptibility are inconsistent. The aim of the present study was to conduct a meta-analysis in order to better estimate this association. Methods. A systematic search was carried out on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases for relevant articles published up to 15 August 2018. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were obtained using fixed-effect or random-effect models. Results. A significant association was found between the CYP1A1 rs1048943 polymorphism and PCa in the overall population (B [the minor allele] vs. A [the major allele]: OR = 1.20, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04–1.39, P=0.014; AB vs. AA: OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.02–1.51, P=0.029; BB + AB vs. AA: OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.04–1.50, P=0.018) and Asian population (B vs. A: OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.11–1.56, P=0.001; BB vs. AA: OR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.20–2.72, P=0.005; AB vs. AA: OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.03–1.64, P=0.029; BB + AB vs. AA: OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.11–1.73, P=0.004; BB vs. AA + AB: OR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.08–2.01, P=0.019), but not in the Caucasian population. Moreover, we found that the rs4646903 polymorphism was associated with a significant increase in the risk of PCa in the Asian population (AB vs. AA: OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.13–1.80, P=0.003) and Caucasian population (BB vs. AA: OR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.29–3.49, P=0.003). Conclusion. This meta-analysis revealed a clear association between rs1048943 and rs4646903 polymorphisms of the CYP1A1 gene but not between CYP1B1 rs10012, rs162549, rs1800440, and rs2551188 polymorphisms and the risk of PCa.
Welche Präferenzen haben Menschen mit Diabetes mellitus in Bezug auf die Diabetesforschung? – Eine qualitative Studie
Authors: Bücker Bettina , Wilm Stefan , Arnolds Sabine , Icks Andrea , Lachmann Nicole , Verket Marlo , Spörkel Olaf 
Published: February 2019

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die Einbeziehung von Patientinnen und Patienten ist für die Entwicklung von Forschungsfragen und -vorhaben wesentlich. Bislang existieren nur wenige Informationen über die Wünsche und Präferenzen von Betroffenen bezüglich der Diabetesforschung.
Methoden Mit 26 Erwachsenen (17 Frauen) mit Typ-1-Diabetes mellitus (n = 16) oder Typ-2-Diabetes mellitus (n = 10) (Durchschnittsalter 59 Jahre ± 12,5 Jahre, durchschnittliche Diabetesdauer 21 ± 17,7 Jahre) aus Nordrhein-Westfalen (NRW) wurden 5 moderierte Fokusgruppen durchgeführt und digital audiodokumentiert. 4 Gruppen fanden im städtischen, eine Gruppe fand im ländlichen Raum statt. Die Transkripte wurden in einem multidisziplinären Team inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Der Wunsch nach Entlastung im Alltag und nach Unabhängigkeit von Ernährung und Equipment wurde in allen Fokusgruppen thematisiert. Forschung zu technischen Geräten, selbstdenkenden Systemen und Messverfahren, die Blutglukosewerte einfach und jederzeit verlässlich liefern, wurde häufig angeregt. Forschung zu Therapieansätzen wurde in den Bereichen künstliche Bauchspeicheldrüse, medikamentöse Stabilisierung der Blutglukosewerte und Insulinapplikation ohne Spritze vorgeschlagen. Forschungen auf den Gebieten Zugänglichkeit von verständlichem Wissen und Prävention von Diabetes waren ebenso häufig genannte Themen. Verbesserung der Selbstmanagementfähigkeiten sowie Verhinderung von Folgeerkrankungen und auch Grundlagenforschung wurden seltener angesprochen.
Diskussion Betroffene haben – sichtbar an der Alltagsbetonung in den genannten Forschungsbereichen – eher kurzfristig umsetzbare Problemlösungen im Blick. Um die Nennung der Forschungsziele zu quantifizieren, bilden die Ergebnisse dieser Studie die Grundlage für die Entwicklung eines Fragebogens, der für eine repräsentative Befragung eingesetzt werden soll. Menschen mit Diabetes mellitus kann so die Möglichkeit gegeben werden, die aktuelle Forschung dahin gehend zu beeinflussen, dass diese sich gezielter auch an den Bedürfnissen der Betroffenen orientiert.
„Do it yourself“ (DIY) Automated Insulin Delivery (AID) Systems: Stand der Dinge
Authors: Heinemann Lutz , Lange Karin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOver the past few years, a group of dedicated people with an affinity for technology and type 1 diabetes has developed systems that enable automated insulin delivery (AID). Patients build these AID systems themselves (do it yourself; DIY). The quality of glucose control achieved with DIY AID systems is impressively good, but the effort for users in everyday life is considerable. So far, no results of clinical studies have been obtained that prove these individual experiences.Main obstacles for the use (also by more patients) are legal questions, because DIY AID systems do not represent approved medical devices. They must be regarded as “experimental” systems. As long as patients build and use these systems for themselves and do not endanger other people, they act at their own risk. Legal questions are more complex and more difficult to answer if, for example, a traffic accident occurs. A legal assessment (in particular of the medical situation) of such systems, initiated by the German Diabetes Society (DDG) (see DDG homepage), comes to the following key statements:– From the patient’s point of view, the assembly of a DIY AID system does not constitute a criminal offence. However, since the intended purpose of the devices is violated, there is no liability on the part of the manufacturers of the medical devices used for this purpose.– Patients who assemble DIY AID systems and “sell” them to other patients are liable to prosecution under the Medical Devices Act (MPG).– Doctors do not have to refer patients with type 1 diabetes to DIY AID systems.If a patient expresses interest in such a system or is already using it, the attending physician must inform the patient about the improper use of the medical devices used and about the associated risks. He should document this information accordingly.This overview presents the current status of this development from various points of view.