bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS DINAMIKA SPASIAL DAN TEMPORAL PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP SEDIMENTASI DI WILAYAH PESISIR DAS CITARUM
Authors: - Paryono , Suryo Sukoraharjo Sri , Damar Ario , Budi Susilo Setyo , Dahuri Rokhmin , Suseno Heny 
Published: March 2018

Upaya mengelola wilayah pesisir akan efektif jika diikuti pengelolaan di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) di atasnya, karena perubahan penggunaan lahan di DAS akan berdampak pada sedimentasi di wilayah pesisir. Pengelolaan wilayah pesisir secara efektif membutuhkan kajian keterkaitan penggunaan lahan di wilayah DAS terhadap sedimentasi di wilayah pesisir. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis : (a) perubahan luas penggunaan lahan di DAS Citarum bagian hilir; (b) luas sedimentasi di sekitar muara Sungai Citarum; (c) hubungan antara perubahan luas penggunaan lahan dengan luas sedimentasi. Lokasi penelitian di DAS Citarum bagian hilir. Perhitungan luas penggunaan lahan dan luas sedimentasi menggunakan analisa citra satelit. Hasil perhitungan luas penggunaan lahan menunjukkan terjadi perubahan luas penggunaan lahan di DAS Citarum bagian hilir dari tahun 2000 - 2014 secara signifikan, yaitu : (1) terjadi peningkatan luas penggunaan lahan non-vegetasi; (2) terjadi penurunan luas lahan sawah; dan (3) terjadi penurunan luas lahan bervegetasi. Hasil perhitungan luas area sedimentasi di sekitar muara Sungai Citarum menunjukkan peningkatan luas sedimentasi tahun 2000 - 2014. Analisa keterkaitan antara luas sedimentasi dengan berbagai luas penggunaan lahan yaitu : (1) semakin luas lahan bervegetasi maka semakin kecil luas sedimentasi; (2) semakin luas lahan non-vegetasi maka luas sedimentasi makin besar ; (3) peningkatan luas lahan sawah berdampak pada penurunan luas sedimentasi. Dari berbagai faktor tersebut, faktor yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan sedimentasi adalah faktor lahan bervegetasi. Hasil pemodelan perhitungan luas penggunaan lahan di DAS Citarum hilir yang berdampak pada luas sedimentasi paling kecil terjadi jika curah hujan maksimum dan luas sawah minimum dengan komposisi luasan yaitu luas sawah sebesar 124.796 hektar dari kisaran 124.796 - 179.416 hektar, luas lahan bervegetasi maksimum 92.134 hektar dari kisaran 71.015 - 92.134 hektar, dan luas lahan non vegetasi 76.000 hektar dari kisaran 40.000 - 90.000 hektar.
Inhibition of BMP4 and Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin Expression in LX-2 Hepatic Stellate Cells by BMP4-siRNA Lipid Based Nanoparticle
Authors: Omar Refaat , Yang Jiaqi , Alrushaid Samaa , Burczynski Frank J. , Minuk Gerald Y. , Gong Yuewen 
Published: March 2018

Purpose: To develop and characterize vitamin A (VA)-coupled liposomes for the targeted delivery of BMP4-siRNA to hepatic stellate cells (HSC). VA was selected to increase the uptake by HSC based on their function in the storage of VA. Methods: DOTAP/DOPE liposomes were prepared by film hydration method and their surfaces were decorated with VA. The cytotoxicity of VA-conjugated liposomes was evaluated by the WST-1 assay. Inhibition of BMP4 and α-SMA was determined by PCR and ELISA. Results: VA-coated lipoplexes exhibited an average particle sizes less than 200 nm and zeta potential around +25 mV both determined using ZetaPALS. Inclusion of VA to liposomal surfaces significantly enhanced their cellular uptake without affecting cytotoxicity. VA-coupled liposomes carrying BMP4-siRNA resulted in a significant reduction in BMP4 and α-SMA at both mRNA and protein levels. Conclusion: VA-coated liposomes were successfully designed to deliver BMP4-siRNA to specifically target HSC. The novel delivery system discussed herein may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of liver fibrosis in the future. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.
¿Es posible una competencia filosófica escolar?
Authors: Gómez Mendoza Miguel Ángel 
Published: March 2018

A partir de una presentación panorámica de la diversidad de posiciones (“pro” y “contra”) sobre el llamado enfoque por competencias en las políticas educativas de los estados nacionales, incluido el colombiano, se plantean una serie de argumentos y razones sobre el sentido, pertinencia, alcance y límites del concepto de competencia en la enseñanza de la filosofía y del filosofar, para tal efecto, además, se adopta como perspectiva de análisis la comprensión y descripción la enseñanza institucional de la filosofía en la educación media, con sus programas, pruebas de examen y procedimientos de enseñanza y aprendizaje (disertación, comentario oral y escrito de textos de filosofía, entre otros).Un enfoque por competencias, implicaría en esta perspectiva: (a) apropiación por el alumno de contenidos filosóficos (especialmente nociones, problemáticas, textos, doctrinas y referencias, (b) desarrollo de capacidades de problematización, de contextualización, de argumentación para abordar los complejos ejercicios de esta disciplina escolar, (c) formación o capacitación necesaria para articular los elementos indicados en situaciones novedosas del aprendizaje de la filosofía y del filosofar a través de procesos que conduzcan al abordaje en lo posible de genuinas situaciones didácticas que exigen los procedimientos “clásicos” de la enseñanza yel aprendizaje de la filosofía, y (d) aptitud paramovilizar los recursos de diverso orden de que dispone el alumno en la perspectiva de enfrentar tareas complejas sobre los variados temas de la filosofía y del filosofar.
Universidad y producción biopolítica de subjetividad
Authors: Camargo Palencia Martín Emilio 
Published: March 2018

Las relaciones entre gobierno, educación, subjetividad, son históricas. Sin embargo, la segunda mitad del siglo XX, período que Gilles Deleuze –comentando la obra de Michel Foucault– identifica como el tránsito de la sociedad disciplinaria a la sociedad de control, es un período relevante por el acontecimiento que en él se produce: la tendencia mundial de los gobiernos a reducir la educación a un dispositivo de producción de subjetividad para la competitividad económica en el mercado global. Este dispositivo es de naturaleza biopolítica y su “producto” es el sujeto “empresario de sí mismo”. Con base en el anterior contexto teórico y en los análisis que Claudio Rama hace sobre las transformaciones políticas de la educación universitaria en América Latina, se sustenta la tesis de que entre 1991 y 1992 dicha educación adopta en Colombia la forma de un dispositivo de producción biopolítica de subjetividad, el cual la situó enlos límites de una educación para la capacitación técnica y tecnológica y una educación para la formación política.
El asco: una emoción entre naturaleza y cultura
Authors: León Eduardo Alberto 
Published: March 2018

En comparación con otras emociones, el asco no ha sido excesivamente tratado, ni ha gastado tantas páginas y tanta atención por parte de los especialistas en él. Es por esto que el asco o repugnancia constituye un objeto de estudio privilegiado para la neuroética. En el siguiente artículo trataré de mostrar como el asco no es una mera reacción fisiológica, sino que la evolución biológica y cultural ha hecho de ella una emoción enormemente compleja dotada de un gran contenido cognitivo.Veremos qué papel ha jugado el recurso retórico a la repugnancia en distintos procesos de deshumanización y crueldad a lo largo de la historia. Por último, examinaremos cómo funciona la empatía en la agencia moral y analizaremos qué relación tiene este mecanismo psicológico con la repugnancia.
La filosofía en la historia de América Latina
Authors: Serna Edgar 
Published: March 2018

Hasta hace muy poco la historia de la filosofía en América Latina fue descuidada en el mundo. Teniendo en cuenta su rico e interesante pasado, esa negligencia es lamentable y es el resultado de prejuicios mal informados, y no de juicios bien fundados. Las contribuciones de sus pensadores se consideraban simples copias de los trabajos de filósofos españoles y portugueses, y no había mucho interés por investigar las contribuciones de las colonias, porque que la opinión generalizada era que la tradición intelectual, como la política, estaba dominada por los colonizadores. En este artículo se recorre y sustenta con hechos la rica e interesante historia de la filosofía latinoamericana.
CUMHURİYET ÖNCESİ HAKKARİ’DE EĞİTİM - EDUCATION AT PRE-REPUBLIC PERIOD İN HAKKARİ
Authors: Özgen Özden 
Published: March 2018

Bu çalışmada 19. yüzyıl ve
20. yüzyıl başlarına kadar olan dönemde Hakkari’deki eğitim ve öğretim süreci
ele alınacaktır. Bu süreçte Hakkari’deki okulların çeşidi ve sayıları ile
eğitim sistemleri üzerinde durulacaktır. Osmanlı Devleti’nin 19. yüzyılda eğitim
alanındaki gelişmelerin ilk basamağını 1 Eylül 1869 tarihinde uygulamaya giren
Maarif-i Umumiye Nizamnamesi teşkil etmektedir. Bu nizamnameyle birlikte örgün
eğitim ilk, orta ve yüksek olarak ayrılmıştır. İptidai mektepler Hakkari
genelinde olmakla beraber eski usulle eğitim yapmaktaydılar. Rüşdiyeler, Çölemerik,
Başkale ve Yüksekova’da bulunmaktaydı. Tanzimat Fermanı ve Islahat Fermanı ile
Osmanlı’daki gayrimüslim tebaa eğitim ve öğretimde özerk duruma kavuştular.
Özellikle Ermenilerin yoğunlukta bulunduğu okullarda devlet idaresine
başkaldırıların eğitimi ve provaları yapılmaktaydı. Hakkari nüfusu itibariyle Ermenileri,
Nasturileri ve Yahudileri içerisinde barındırmaktaydı. Bu ise özellikle
misyonerler açısından çok cazip bir durum yaratmaktaydı. 20. yüzyılın
başlangıcı olan yıllarda özellikle Amerikalı misyonerler Yahudi, Ermeni ve
Nasturi okullarının sayısını artırmak için yoğun çaba sarf ettiler.
The Effects of Unbroken Fracture Fluid on Gas Well Performance
Authors: Voneiff G. W. , Robinson B. M. , Holditch S. A. 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
Research sponsored by the Gas Research Institute indicates unbroken fracture fluids can lower gas reserves by 30%, reduce initial gas rates by 80%, and delay fracture fluid clean-up by weeks or months. The unbroken fracture fluids slow fracture fluid cleanup and flatten the production profile. In extreme cases, gas production slowly increases for weeks or months despite constant flowing pressures. The fracture fluids must break to a viscosity of 50 cp or less to ensure that gas reserves are maximized.
Experimental analysis of pressure-discharge relationship in a private water supply tank
Authors: De Marchis Mauro , Freni Gabriele , Milici Barbara 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn Mediterranean countries, users are often equipped with private tanks, which provide a temporary water storage capacity, able to compensate service interruptions due to either scarcity or irregularity of water supply. In the presence of private water storage, water supply is no longer linked to users' consumption and network-operating conditions can be off-design, therefore specific models have to be introduced in simulation models of water distribution networks. Here, a new mathematical model is proposed that is able to reproduce a tank's emptying/filling cycles. Specifically, by means of experimental analysis, a hyperbolic tangent law was tested to reproduce the filling process for private tanks. The flow rate is calculated by means of the classical Torricelli law, in which the float valve emitter coefficient and the valve area are calculated using a function that takes into account the water level within the private tank. The comparison obtained through the mathematical model and those observed from experiments confirmed the ability of the model to predict the flow rate balance within private tanks. The results show that the model is suitable for any length of float valve branch. The mathematical system can be easily used in a transient model to correctly estimate the supplied demand.
PERAN MIKROBA ENDOFITIK PADA BIJI KARET (Hevea Brasiliensis) TERHADAP PERKECAMBAHAN DAN PERTUMBUHAN AWAL TANAMAN
Authors: Tistama Radite , Dalimunthe Cici Indriani 
Published: March 2018

Perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan awal biji karet bervariasi dipengaruhi oleh tingkat viabilitas biji. Mikroba endofitik diduga berperan penting dalam menjaga viabilitas karet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji spesies-spesies mikroba endofitik di dalam biji karet viabilitas tinggi (vigor) maupun biji viabilitas rendah (kurang vigor) perannya dalam pertumbuhan biji karet. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non faktorial dengan tujuh perlakuan dan lima ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa empat spesies jamur Trichoderma viridae, Trichoderma koninggi, Aspergillus flavus dari biji vigor tinggi mampu menekan pertumbuhan Penicillium sp dari biji kurang vigor yang merupakan satu-satunya mikroba yang dapat diisolasi. T viridae, T. koninggi dan A. flavus menghambat pertumbuhan Penicillium sp. secara in vitro. Aplikasi masing-masing jamur tersebut mempercepat masa perkecambahan biji karet, pertumbuhan tanaman dan mempengaruhi arsitektur akar tanaman karet. Kata kunci: Hevea brasiliensis, mikroba endofitik, perkecambahan biji.
Paisagens (re) mediadas entre matriz-imagem e imagem-matriz
Authors: Blauth Lurdi 
Published: March 2018

Esse artigo propõe a análise da série de gravuras denominadas de Passagens
entre Paisagens, na qual são utilizados distintos meios como a fotografia digital, a gravação de matrizes, a impressão, a digitalização e a reimpressão de imagens sobre outros suportes. Esses trabalhos apresentam diferentes granulações e texturas, cujas características são problematizadas pelas operações de contato entre matriz-imagem e imagem-matriz, entre meios tradicionais e a (re) mediação pelos meios numéricos; são abordadas questões conceituais em relação a matriz, imagem e (re) mediação, segundo autores como Vilém Flusser (2008), David Bolter and Richard Grusin (2000), Edmond Couchot (2003), entre outros.
THE COMPETITIVENESS ANALYSIS OF COCOA COMMODITY IN THE DISTRICT OF SIGI
Authors: Ibrahim Andika , Mappatoba Marhawati , Kalaba Yulianti 
Published: March 2018

This study aims to determine the competitiveness of cocoa commodity in the district of Sigi and the impact of government policies by analyzing the effects of cocoa price changes, cocoa’s input price and cocoa production to the competitiveness of cocoa. Data collection is done in Sub-district of Palolo with the number of respondents 31 farmers and also data supported by data from other related agencies. The research objective answered by using analytical tools Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). Results of the study found that cocoa in Sigi District has comparative and competitive advantages with the value of Domestic Cost Ratio (DCR) and the Private Cost Ratio (PCR) i.e. 0.45 and 0.50. Results for Nominal Protection coefficient of output value (NPCO) is 0.88 and Nominal Protection Coeffisients of Input (NPCI) is 0.80 respectively show the government's policies are protective for cocoa farmers in the district, while the EPC value is 0.89 indicates the policy is inhibiting the production of farmers with effect of ratio 0.09. The sensitivity analysis of changes in production, the price of cocoa bean and Subsidized- fertilizer prices, shows that the change in production is an indicator that most influence the competitiveness of cocoa in Sigi District.
COCOA PROCESSING INDUSTRY FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS (CASE STUDY IN HOUSE OF CHOCOLATE DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRY CENTRAL SULAWESI PROVINCE) IN PALU
Authors: Bangkele Evyana Marwati , Antara Made , Damayanti Lien 
Published: March 2018

This study aims to determine the appropriateness of the establishment of cocoa processing industry (Rumah Coklat Office of Industry and Trade of Central Sulawesi Province) in Palu based on market aspects, technical aspects, aspects of the organization and management as well as financial aspects. The research was conducted in the city of Palu, namely Rumah Coklat Industry and Trade Office of Central Sulawesi province were carried out from July to September 2016. The method used was survey used data sourced from Rumah Coklat Department of Industry and Trade of Central Sulawesi province and institutions associated with the study and the results of research conducted by the Center for R & D relating to the cacao processing. Data collected was processed and analyzed the aspects of the market, technical, organizational and management aspects and financial aspects. The results showed that the business of processing cocoa into chocolate and chocolate converture liqour from the aspect of the market is feasible to set up because it has a fairly large market opportunities, both domestic market and overseas markets. Based on a technical aspect, the business of processing cocoa into chocolate liqour and chocolate converture feasible to implement in Palu because of the availability of raw materials, labor, buildings and facilities equipment, the need for production machinery and equipment, the capacity of production capacity and the production process is relatively easy to be fulfilled and realized. Based on the aspect of organization and management, processing of chocolate is feasible. Because the needs of the labor management section and production section is obtained in accordance with the wishes of the company, as well as the maintenance of legality companies easily obtained. Financial aspects of the analysis results obtained by period of return on investment or payback period is 7 years. NPV is Rp. 182,141,428. IRR is about 14 and PI is 1.08%. BEP amounted to 58.28% of total sales or Rp. 323,561,529. as well as the results of the sensitivity analysis shows that this cocoa processing business into chocolate liquor and converture very sensitive to the price of raw materials cocoa and the amount of the sale. Based on the calculation and analysis can be concluded that the cocoa processing industry namely Rumah Coklat Office of Industry and Trade of the Province of Central Sulawesi in Palu meet the eligibility criteria and eligible to be run the business.
APPLICATION OF SOME TYPES OF SEAWEEDS ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF SHALLOT (Allium ascalonicum L.)
Authors: Yusuf Ramal , Syakur Abdul , Budiatno Budiatno , Mas'ud Hidayati 
Published: March 2018

Shallot plant is often used as a flavor enhancer and appetite enhancer food. Research on shallotcrop has been done. Application of seaweedsgive a different effect on increasing the productivity and growth of shallots. This study aims to determine the effect of applying different types of seaweed on growth and yield of shallot variety Lembah Palu. This research was conducted at the Green House of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tadulako from March to May 2016. The study conducted using a randomized block design (RBD). The treatments: B0 = control, B1 = NPK 0.2 g / pot, B2 = (Cauelerpa sp) 100 ml/pot, B3 = (Sargassum sp) 100 ml/pot, B4 = (Eucheuma cottonii) 100 ml /pot, B5 = Sea lettuce (Ulva sp) 100 ml/pot. there are six treatments, each treatment was replicated four times, so there are 24 experimental units. The results indicatedthat the application of various types of seaweed significant effect on plant height, fresh weight of the plants, the fresh weight of tuber and diameter of the bulb.
Tooth and bone changes after initial anterior dental alignment using preformed vs customized nickel titanium archwires in adults: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Phermsang-ngarm Papatpong , Charoemratrote Chairat 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
To compare tooth movement achieved, time required for alignment, root resorption, and alveolar bone thickness changes during initial dental alignment between groups treated with 0.012-inch preformed heat-activated or customized nickel titanium (NiTi) archwires.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty-two subjects (mean age 19.8 ± 1.7 years) with severe crowding of maxillary anterior teeth had premolar extractions and were randomly allocated into control and experimental groups receiving preformed heat-activated and customized NiTi archwires, respectively. Limited field of view cone-beam computed tomographies were taken initially (T0) and three months after final alignment (TF) to evaluate bone changes. Digital model analysis assessed tooth movement at monthly intervals. Time to achieve alignment was assessed in months. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Mann–Whitney U-tests were used to compare changes within and between groups, as appropriate.

Results:
Central incisor tooth movement was significantly different (all P ≤ .003) between groups at all time points. TF-T0 showed labial movement (0.75 ± 1.42 mm) in the control group and palatal movement (−0.96 ± 0.41 mm) in the experimental group. The experimental compared to control group showed significantly more canine distal movement (0.60 ± 0.28 mm; P ≤ .049), less labial bone thickness changes (P ≤ .004), less root resorption of the central and lateral incisors (P ≤ .007), and a longer time to achieve alignment (P = .01).

Conclusions:
The experimental group exhibited palatal movement of the central incisors, more canine distal movement with less bone thickness changes, and less root resorption but took more time to achieve alignment than the control group.
Palatal volume and area assessment on digital casts generated from cone-beam computed tomography scans
Authors: Shahen Shereef , Carrino Gennaro , Carrino Rossella , Abdelsalam Reham , Flores-Mir Carlos , Perillo Letizia 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to develop a reproducible method to measure the change of palatal volume and area through superimposition using maxillary expansion digital cast models.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 10 pre- and 10 postexpansion dental cast models were scanned by the same cone-beam computed tomography machine. Superimposition was performed using a fully automated surface-best fit of the palatal surfaces on the digital cast models. A gingival plane, identified only once on superimposed casts, and a distal plane with the lateral closing border and the palatal surface were used to localize this selection of air. Area and volume were calculated for pre- and postexpansion records. Pre- and postexpansion palatal volume and area were measured by the main investigator and three different observers for inter- and intra-observer reproducibility assessment.

Results:
The level of intra- and inter-observer agreement was very strong (intraclass correlation coefficients ≥ 0.953; P value &lt; .0001) for all measurements.

Conclusions:
Palatal volume and area measurements based on the proposed superimposition are reproducible and can be used reliably.
Assessment of changes in the nasal airway after nonsurgical miniscrew-assisted rapid maxillary expansion in young adults
Authors: Kim Soo-Yeon , Park Young-Chel , Lee Kee-Joon , Lintermann Andreas , Han Sang-Sun , Yu Hyung-Seog , Choi Yoon Jeong 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
To evaluate changes in the volume and cross-sectional area of the nasal airway before and 1 year after nonsurgical miniscrew-assisted rapid maxillary expansion (MARME) in young adults.

Materials and Methods:
Fourteen patients (mean age, 22.7 years; 10 women, four men) with a transverse discrepancy who underwent cone beam computed tomography before (T0), immediately after (T1), and 1 year after (T2) expansion were retrospectively included in this study. The volume of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx and the cross-sectional area of the anterior, middle, and posterior segments of the nasal airway were measured and compared among the three timepoints using paired t-tests.

Results:
The volume of the nasal cavity showed a significant increase at T1 and T2 (P &lt; .05), while that of the nasopharynx increased only at T2 (P &lt; .05). The anterior and middle cross-sectional areas significantly increased at T1 and T2 (P &lt; .05), while the posterior cross-sectional area showed no significant change throughout the observation period (P &gt; .05).

Conclusions:
The results demonstrate that the volume and cross-sectional area of the nasal cavity increased after MARME and were maintained at 1 year after expansion. Therefore, MARME may be helpful in expanding the nasal airway.