bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Recurrence After Curative Surgery for Stage I Colon Cancer: Retrospective Cohort Analysis of the Italian Society of Surgical Oncology Colorectal Cancer Network Collaborative Group
Authors: Turri Giulia , Martinelli Luigi , Rega Daniela , Tamini Nicolò , Paiano Lucia , Deidda Simona , Bao QuocRiccardo , Lorenzon Laura , De Luca Raffaele , Foppa Caterina , Mari Valentina , Taffurelli Giovanni , Picciariello Arcangelo , Marsanic Patrizia , Siragusa Leandro , Bagolini Francesco , Nascimbeni Riccardo , Rizzo Gianluca , Vertaldi Sara , Zuolo Michele , Bianchi Giorgio , Rorato Lisa Marie , Reddavid Rossella , Gallo Gaetano , Crepaz Lorenzo , Di Leo Alberto , Trompetto Mario , Potenza Enrico , Santarelli Mauro , de’Angelis Nicola , Ciarleglio Francesco , Milone Marco , Coco Claudio , Tiberio Guido Alberto , Anania Gabriele , Sica Giuseppe S. , Muratore Andrea , Altomare Donato Francesco , Montroni Isacco , De Luca Maurizio , Spinelli Antonino , Simone Michele , Persiani Roberto , Spolverato Gaya , Restivo Angelo , de Manzini Nicolò , Braga Marco , Delrio Paolo , Verlato Giuseppe , Pedrazzani Corrado 
Published: November 2024

Objective:
The aim of this study is to provide solid evidence to update the management of stage I colon cancer (CC) after surgery.

Background:
Given the low risk of recurrence of stage I CC, some international guidelines do not recommend intensive follow-up after surgery. However, data on the actual incidence, risk factors, and site of recurrences are scarce.

Methods:
This is a retrospective multicenter cohort study considering patients who underwent surgery at 25 Italian centers between 2010 and 2019, with a minimum follow-up of 24 months. A total of 1883 consecutive adult patients with stage I CC treated with curative surgery were considered, and 1611 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The primary outcome was the rate of recurrence. Secondary outcomes included survival and risk factors for recurrence.

Results:
Eighty patients developed cancer recurrence (5.0%), of which 90% was systemic relapse. The event was more frequent in pT2 (6.0% vs 3.2%, P = 0.013), male patients (6.1% vs 3.6%, P = 0.021), in the presence of lymphovascular invasion (7.2% vs 3.6%, P = 0.01), and in cases of partial resection (11.1% vs 4.6%, P = 0.011). Also, preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (P = 0.007) and tumor diameter (P < 0.001) were higher in the group who relapsed. Most patients had isolated cancer recurrence (90%). Recurrences peaked between 10 and 18 months after surgery and declined over time. Adjusted Cox regression analysis identified tumor diameter, carcinoembryonic antigen level, lymphovascular invasion, male gender, and less than 12 analyzed lymph nodes as significant risk factors for worse recurrence-free survival.

Conclusions:
This study showed that a not negligible rate of stage I CC recur after curative surgery. Most relapses occur at a single site within the first 3 years after surgery. This evidence could be used to optimize postoperative follow-up.
The Perioperative NonaGEnaRIan And cenTenarian suRgICal (GERIATRIC) Risk Stratification Tool
Authors: Weinberg Laurence , Lee Dong Kyu , Fletcher Luke , Ou Yang Bobby , Karp Jadon , Koshy Anoop N , Guha Ranjan , Slifirski Hugh , D’Silva Michael R , Bellomo Rinaldo , Churilov Leonid 
Published: November 2024

Objective:
To develop age-appropriate nonaGEnaRIan And cenTenarian suRgICal (GERIATRIC) risk tool for classifying patients who may or may not develop postoperative complications or die within their index hospital admission.

Background:
There are no validated perioperative risk stratification tools for use in nonagenarian and centenarian patients—people aged 90 to 99 years and >100 years.

Methods:
In this retrospective observational study, nonagenarians and centenarians undergoing any surgical procedure were profiled. Surgery severity was stratified, and the incidence and grade of postoperative complications were recorded. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed on a training cohort, followed by calibration on a validation cohort, followed by performance evaluation on a testing cohort. The discriminative accuracy was compared to that of the age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index for each outcome. The primary outcome was the ability of the risk stratification tool to effectively classify patients into those who may or may not experience a postoperative complications or mortality within their index hospital stay.

Results:
A total of 3085 patients were enrolled. The GERIATRIC risk tool had good discriminative accuracy for any postoperative complication [area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC), 0.857; 95% CI = 0.824–0.890] and any severe postoperative complication (AUROC, 0.833; 95% CI = 0.793–0.874), and fair discriminative accuracy for in-hospital mortality (AUROC, 0.780; 95% CI = 0.668–0.893).

Conclusions:
Compared to the age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index, The GERIATRIC risk tool was accurate in classifying patients into those who may or may not experience severe complications or die during their index admission. The tool can be used to assist perioperative clinicians with shared decision-making and short-term prognostication.
Best Available Outcomes Evidence Informing Standard of Care
Authors: Comadoll Shea , Nguyen Mai P. 
Published: November 2024

Summary:
Although nonoperative management is the mainstay for rib fracture treatment, surgical stabilization of rib fractures is becoming more common. Recently, the number of high-quality studies on management of rib fractures has also increased. The primary purpose of this review is to analyze the currently available prospective randomized studies on the management of rib fractures. In addition, we will summarize both short-term and long-term outcomes of patients with rib fractures.
Discussion of Surgical Indications: The Black, White, and Gray
Authors: Weatherby David J. 
Published: November 2024

Summary:
Chest wall trauma is rapidly evolving and now represents a multidisciplinary field with incredible growth in research and surgical intervention; however, even with more than 800 publications on chest wall trauma to date, surgical indications are not black and white. Injury patterns need to be better defined and outcome measurements need to evolve for accurate longer term functional assessment of patients if this field of surgery is to move beyond historical indications for operative intervention. This essay will communicate what is known about operative indications in a way that stratifies the need for surgery.
Comparative Analysis of Full Endoscopic Interlaminar Lumbar Discectomy and Lumbar Microdiscectomy
Authors: Şerifoğlu Luay , Etli Mustafa Umut , Özdoğan Selçuk 
Published: November 2024

Study Design:
Retrospective clinical study.

Objectives:
The aim is to assess and contrast the results of full endoscopic lumbar discectomy (FELD) and lumbar microdiscectomy (LMD) for L5–S1 disc herniation, with a specific emphasis on postoperative pain reduction and surgical effectiveness.

Background:
Although minimally invasive spine operations are becoming more popular, there is still little research on the comparative effectiveness of FELD and LMD.

Materials and Methods:
The research had a total of 50 patients who received surgical intervention for L5–S1 disc herniation, with 25 patients getting full endoscopic interlaminar discectomy and the other 25 patients undergoing LMD. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale for low back and leg pain, collected preoperatively and at the end of 1 week, 3 months, and 6 months postsurgery. Patient satisfaction was evaluated using Odoms criteria at the same intervals.

Results:
The study included 50 patients (26 men, 24 women), with a mean age of 51.11 ± 13.76 years. The groups had no significant differences in demographic data. Back and leg pain Visual Analog Scale scores decreased more significantly in the FELD group after 1 week of surgery (P < 0.001), although the declines at 3 months and 6 months were not significantly different between the two groups. According to Odoms criteria, patient satisfaction was favorable in both groups and significantly better in the FELD group than in the LMD group at 1 week postoperatively [excellent in 20 patients (80%) in the FELD group vs 9 patients (36%) in the LMD group (P = 0.025)]. However, patient satisfaction at 3 months and 6 months did not differ between the groups.

Conclusion:
This study demonstrates that FELD offers significant early postoperative advantages over LMD at the L5–S1 level when compared with pain and satisfaction scales.

Level of Evidence
Level III.
Revisiting the Consistency of Financial Disclosure Reporting by Authors at Annual Spine Conferences Show Inconsistent Improvements After 14 Years
Authors: Kim Lucas Y. , Grauer Jonathan N. 
Published: November 2024

Study Design:
Cross-sectional study of presenter disclosures from the 2022 North American Spine Society (NASS), Scoliosis Research Society (SRS), and Cervical Spine Research Society (CSRS) annual research conferences.

Objective:
The current study aimed to evaluate the consistency of financial disclosures for authors presenting at multiple 2022 spine conferences and compared results to those previously reported in 2008.

Summary of Background Data:
Transparent reporting of financial relationships between physicians and industry is seen as an important way to limit/address potential bias. Thus, many research conferences require authors to disclose such relationships. Despite these requirements, variability in the financial disclosure reporting for matched speakers at 2008 major spine conferences was previously reported. Since then, the Sunshine Act mandated public financial relationships, potentially furthering attention and leading to improvements in financial disclosures.

Methods:
Disclosures of authors presenting at >1 of the three 2022 spine conferences were compiled from conference websites, and discrepancies were determined based on conference disclosure policies. For comparisons where both conferences required disclosure of all relationships, the discrepancy was identified if there was not a match. For comparisons where 1 conference required paper-specific relationships, and the other required all relationships, discrepancy was identified if the first was not a subset of the other. Results were compared with those reported from 2008.

Results:
NASS and SRS both required disclosure of all relationships, had 208 overlapping authors, and had 36.5% discrepancies. SRS and CSRS required all and paper-specific disclosures, had 37 overlapping authors, and had 29.7% discrepancies. NASS and CSRS required all and paper-specific disclosures, had 81 overlapping authors, and had 29.6% discrepancies. Overall, the average discrepancy for pairs of conferences in 2008 was 26%, and for 2022 was 32%, indicating a lack of improvement. Compared with 2008, discrepancies decreased more when disclosure requirements were the same for both conferences being considered.

Conclusions:
These findings demonstrate that significant variability remains in the reporting of financial conflicts of interest by authors presenting at 3 major spine conferences last year, despite previous scrutiny and the evolution of the Sunshine Act. These discrepancies may reflect the ambiguity caused by different disclosure policies and further attention is needed for this topic.
What Is in the Neuromuscular Junction Literature?
Authors: Lacomis David 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This update starts with an interesting series of children and adults with congenital myasthenic syndrome with a DOK7 variant. The next section is on autoimmune myasthenia gravis (MG) epidemiology, cost of care, and hospitalizations. A number of studies on the newer treatments are discussed including a phase 2 trial of nipocalimab and recommendations for using some of these drugs. A large trial emphasizing the negative effects of pyridostigmine in muscle-specific kinase MG is covered. A study on the incidence of taste disorders and alopecia in MG follows. The update ends with the topic of the burden of disease in MG and Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome.
A Case Series Examining Clinic, Laboratory, and Physical Function After Administration of Nusinersen in Adults With Spinal Muscular Atrophy, a Single-Center Study
Authors: Bertorini Tulio , Knickerbocker Janna , Anwar Hagar , Mays William , Carter Kimberly , Metter E. Jeffrey , Talbot Laura A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy is an incurable inherited disease caused by lower motor neuron death from mutations of the survival motor neuron genes. Intrathecal therapy with the antisense oligonucleotide, nusinersen, has been demonstrated to be beneficial in children with this disease, but the experience in adults, particularly ambulatory patients, is limited. We present a prospective observational case series from a single center using nusinersen therapy where we categorize 6 adult patients with spinal muscular atrophy into 2 functional categories: ambulatory (n = 3) or nonambulatory (n = 3). All received therapy that was administered intrathecally every 4 months. We monitored the course and laboratory data for 1 year and observed for side effects. There was no significant deterioration for 1 year. There was some minor improvement particularly in subjective changes. The benefit seems to decrease after 3 months. No significant complications were observed.
MACULAR NEURODEGENERATIVE AND VASCULAR CHANGES ON OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHIC ANGIOGRAPHY IN SICKLE CELL DISEASE ARE NOT RELATED TO ITS OCULAR AND SYSTEMIC COMPLICATIONS
Authors: Brandsen Rajani P. , Biemond Bart J. , Nasim Gulsum Z. , Nur Erfan , Schlingemann Reinier O. , Diederen Roselie M.H. 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
To evaluate macular abnormalities in sickle cell disease with optical coherence tomographic angiography and to determine associations with sickle cell retinopathy (SCR) and clinical and laboratory characteristics.

Methods:
Complete ophthalmic examination was performed in consecutive patients with sickle cell disease (HbSS, HbSC, HbSβ0, or HbSβ+ genotype), including fundoscopy and macular spectral-domain optical coherence tomography/optical coherence tomographic angiography scans. Sickle cell retinopathy stage was based on fundoscopic examination (without fluorescein angiography) instead of the Goldberg classification because fluorescein angiography was only used in case of tentative diagnosis. Medical/ophthalmological history and hematologic characteristics were retrieved from medical records.

Results:
Two hundred and forty-nine eyes of 137 patients were analyzed. The mean age was 33.3 ± 12.4 years (range 15–70 years). Nonproliferative SCR was present in 57 eyes (22.9%) and proliferative SCR in 36 eyes (14.5%). Macular thinning was present in 100 eyes (40.2%) and was associated with lower foveal vessel density of the superficial capillary plexus and deep capillary plexus and with enlargement of the foveal avascular zone area, perimeter, and acircularity index. Age and female sex were associated with lower (para)foveal vessel density in the superficial capillary plexus and deep capillary plexus. No associations were found between SCR presence/severity and macular thinning or vessel density.

Conclusion:
Macular abnormalities were common but did not result in visual impairment. No relation with SCR presence/severity was found. Although optical coherence tomographic angiography imaging is suitable for detecting maculopathy, it appears to have no diagnostic value in identifying patients at risk for SCR.
Guardian Knowledge in Primary Congenital Glaucoma
Authors: Alfaar Ahmad Samir , Hassan Doaa M. , Bawazir Mohammed , Elsanabary Zeinab , Ezzat Sameera , Elsayed Yasmine 
Published: November 2024

Précis:
Guardian education level and frequency of surgical interventions are key determinants of knowledge in primary congenital glaucoma, highlighting the need for targeted educational strategies.

Objective:
Management of congenital glaucoma poses unique challenges, particularly concerning the patient guardians’ understanding of the condition, which is crucial for treatment adherence and follow-up compliance. This study aimed to assess guardians’ knowledge levels and identify the influencing factors.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study included 103 guardians of pediatric patients with primary congenital glaucoma. Participants with missing data were excluded from the study. The participants were assessed using a 20-question survey covering various aspects of glaucoma. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analysis.

Results:
The sample included 96 guardians, primarily females (80.2%). The children’s ages varied significantly, averaging ∼44 months (SD = 39.8). The guardians predominantly had secondary education (34.4%) and most were housewives (77.1%). There was a positive correlation between higher education levels and the overall knowledge score of guardians (P = 0.006). Similarly, the guardian’s locality showed a positive correlation with knowledge scores, with urban guardians having higher scores than rural guardians. In addition, there was a positive correlation between the number of surgical operations performed on the child and the guardians’ knowledge. For the subtotals, variables such as the child order among siblings and the age of the child showed significant positive correlations, emphasizing the multifaceted influences on guardians’ understanding. In the multivariate analysis, the guardian’s education level showed a significant positive correlation with the overall score, as did the number of operations performed on the patient.

Conclusions:
The study revealed gaps in guardian knowledge, irrespective of educational level or other demographic factors. Guardians’ education level and the number of operations performed on the child are critical determinants of guardians’ understanding of congenital glaucoma. Traditional approaches to educational interventions may require reevaluation, and there is a pressing need for targeted educational interventions.
Accuracy of thick and thin intraocular lens power formulas using paraxial vergence calculation
Authors: Næser Kristian , Nielsen Rasmus 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
To compare the prediction errors (PEs) of several thick intraocular lens (IOL) formulas with a thin lens approach using variations of the same paraxial vergence calculation formula.

Setting:
Department of Ophthalmology, Randers Regional Hospital, Denmark.

Design:
Prospective, noninterventional study.

Methods:
Optical low coherence reflectometry biometry was prospectively and consecutively performed in 132 eyes with subsequent phacoemulsification and insertion of the same aspheric IOL model. Clinical refraction was performed 2 months postoperatively. Retrospectively, the same paraxial vergence formula was used and only the methods were varied for calculating the postoperative IOL position, thickness, and curvatures to construct 4 formulas: Næser I formula based on thick lens calculation using the manufacturer's cutting card information, Næser II formula based on thick lens calculation using calculated IOL data from open sources, Næser III formula based on thick lens calculation and a fixed IOL thickness of 0.62 mm, and Næser IV formula based on thin lens calculation with fixed IOL position 0.31 mm anterior to the postoperative capsule. Each formula was optimized separately, hereby assuring a mean error of zero. The PE was defined as the difference between the measured and predicted spherical equivalent refraction.

Results:
Mean absolute error amounted to 0.30 ± 0.26 diopters for all 4 formulas with no statistically significant difference. PE averaged zero for short, normal, and long eyes.

Conclusions:
The additional optical information provided by thick IOL calculations seems insignificant compared with other sources of error, related to the accuracy of IOL manufacturing, crystalline lens refractive index, and postoperative refraction.
A comparison of the clinicopathological features and genetic alterations in stage II/III gastric cancer with no recurrence, early recurrence and late recurrence after curative surgery
Authors: Chiu Yun-Ning , Kung Ching-Yun , Huang Kuo-Hung , Lin Shih-Chieh , Fang Wen-Liang , Chen Ming-Huang , Lo Su-Shun , Li Anna Fen-Yau , Wu Chew-Wun , Lan Yuan-Tzu 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Few studies have explored the genetic changes and clinicopathological features of stage II/III gastric cancer (GC) patients with no tumor recurrence, early recurrence, or late recurrence after curative surgery.

Methods:
In this study, 376 patients who underwent curative surgery for stage II/III GC were analyzed. The clinical and genetic features of patients with no recurrence, early recurrence (<2 years), and late recurrence (≥2 years) were compared.

Results:
Among the 376 patients, 155 experienced tumor recurrence, including 116 with early recurrence and 39 with late recurrence. Patients with early recurrence had larger tumors, fewer superficial tumors, increased lymphovascular invasion, advanced T and N categories, higher TNM stages, and poorer 5-year survival (3.4% vs. 38.5% vs. 63.5%, p<0.001) than those with late recurrence or no recurrence. For intestinal-type GC, patients with early recurrence had more MSI-H tumors than those with late recurrence or no recurrence. For diffuse-type or node-positive GC, patients with early recurrence had more PIK3CA amplifications than did those with late recurrence or with no recurrence. Peritoneal dissemination and lung metastasis were associated with PIK3CA amplifications, whereas liver metastasis was associated with larger numbers of MSI-H tumors and PI3K/Akt pathway mutations. Multivariate analysis revealed that age, tumor recurrence, and pathological T and N categories were independent prognostic factors for both overall survival and disease-free survival.

Conclusion:
Distinct clinical features and genetic alterations were observed in specific groups of stage II/III GC patients with differences in time to recurrence and recurrence patterns, and targeted therapy and immunotherapy may benefit these groups of patients.