bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid supply improves Daphnia performance at fluctuating temperatures, simulating diel vertical migration
Authors: Isanta Navarro Jana , Fromherz Matthias , Dietz Michelle , Zeis Bettina , Schwarzenberger Anke , Martin‐Creuzburg Dominik 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Diel vertical migration (DVM) is a common predator avoidance strategy of zooplankton. Migration to deeper water layers during the day to escape visually hunting predators is most likely to require physiological adaptations to periodically changing temperatures. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) play crucial roles in membrane temperature acclimation. Exposure to cold temperatures typically results in an increase in the relative abundance of PUFA in cell membranes and PUFA requirements of Daphnia increase with decreasing temperatures.

To assess the role of dietary PUFA in coping with temperature fluctuations experienced during DVM, we reared Daphnia magna at either constantly warm or fluctuating temperatures, simulating DVM both with and without dietary PUFA supplementation.

We show that the well‐known positive effect of dietary eicosapentaenoic acid supplementation on offspring production and population growth rates of D. magna is more pronounced at alternating temperatures than at constantly warm temperatures. Exposure to alternating temperatures caused modification in body PUFA concentrations and, consequently, increased lipid peroxidation. However, detrimental effects of lipid peroxidation were not evident.

Our data demonstrate that the capacity to cope with the distinct temperature fluctuations experienced during DVM increases with dietary eicosapentaenoic acid supplementation, suggesting that an adequate dietary PUFA supply is crucial especially for migrating Daphnia populations. A dietary deficiency in long‐chain PUFA may thus severely constrain predator evasion, potentially resulting in increased mortality and cascading effects on lower trophic levels.
Medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw‐like lesions in rodents: A comprehensive systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kuroshima Shinichiro , Sasaki Muneteru , Murata Hiroshi , Sawase Takashi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this comprehensive systematic review and meta‐analysis was to investigate the pathology and pathogenesis of medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in rodents.BackgroundMedication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw occurs in patients taking antiresorptive drugs, such as bisphosphonates and denosumab, and anti‐angiogenesis agents. However, there is limited information about the pathology of MRONJ at the clinical level. Moreover, no information about the exact mechanisms of MRONJ is clinically available.Materials and methodsThe PubMed, SCOPUS and Medline databases were used to search for relevant articles up to April 2018 by two independent reviewers. A systematic review and meta‐analysis were performed.ResultsOf the 1841 studies, 10 articles met the eligibility criteria. The most commonly observed pathology of MRONJ‐like lesions was exposed bone without epithelial coverage, decreases in the number of osteocytes and increases in necrotic bone with more empty lacunae. No definitive pathogenesis of MRONJ‐like lesions was found. Both zoledronic acid (ZA) monotherapy and ZA/chemotherapeutic and/or dexamethasone combination therapy were significant high‐risk factors for developing MRONJ‐like lesions (P < 0.00001 and P < 0.0001, respectively).ConclusionBased on rodent studies, common pathological findings were extracted in bisphosphonate‐related ONJ (BRONJ)‐like lesions, whereas no definitive pathogenesis was identified. There is no information about the pathology and pathogenesis of denosumab‐related ONJ. These findings clearly suggest that accumulation of scientific evidence based on animal studies is absolutely necessary to explore the pathology and pathogenesis of MRONJ in humans. ZA administration would be a significant risk factor for developing BRONJ‐like lesions.
Immune tolerance induction in paediatric patients with haemophilia A and inhibitors receiving emicizumab prophylaxis
Authors: Batsuli Glaivy , Zimowski Karen L. , Tickle Kelly , Meeks Shannon L. , Sidonio Robert F. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe formation of neutralizing antifactor VIII (fVIII) antibodies, called inhibitors, is the most common complication in modern haemophilia A care. Novel non‐factor replacement therapies, such as emicizumab, have sought to address the limitations of bypassing agents for bleeding management in patients with inhibitors. However, immune tolerance induction (ITI) remains the primary method for eradicating inhibitors and restoring the hemostatic response to fVIII.AimThe aim of this study was to review a case series of paediatric patients with haemophilia A and inhibitors who have received ITI for inhibitor eradication concomitantly with emicizumab prophylaxis for bleeding prevention.MethodsSingle institution retrospective chart review of paediatric patients with severe haemophilia A receiving ITI and emicizumab.ResultsSeven patients were included in this cohort. Six patients used three different recombinant fVIII products at 100 IU/kg three times per week, and one patient used a plasma‐derived fVIII product at an initial dose of 50 IU/kg three times per week. Three patients achieved a negative inhibitor titre <0.6 Chromogenic Bethesda Units per mL (CBU/mL), and two patients achieved a normal fVIII recovery ≥66%. There were nine bleeding events in four patients, but no thrombotic events. All patients remained on ITI and emicizumab.ConclusionImmune tolerance induction while on emicizumab prophylaxis is a feasible approach in paediatric haemophilia A patients with inhibitors. This is the first report of the concomitant use of ITI in patients receiving emicizumab prophylaxis described as the ‘Atlanta Protocol’.
Long‐term outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma occurrence, esophageal varices exacerbation, and mortality in hepatitis C virus‐related liver cirrhosis after interferon‐based therapy
Authors: Ogasawara Nobuhiko , Saitoh Satoshi , Akuta Norio , Fujiyama Shunichiro , Kawamura Yusuke , Sezaki Hitomi , Hosaka Tetsuya , Kobayashi Masahiro , Suzuki Fumitaka , Suzuki Yoshiyuki , Arase Yasuji , Ikeda Kenji , Kumada Hiromitsu 
Published: August 2019

AimThe long‐term effects of sustained virologic response (SVR) to antiviral therapy on the risk of liver complications, such as exacerbation of esophageal varices (EV), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), malignant lymphoma, and liver‐related and overall death in hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐infected patients with liver cirrhosis are not fully known.MethodsThese risks were evaluated during long‐term follow up of 457 patients with HCV‐related Child–Pugh Class A liver cirrhosis without history of HCC.ResultsThe respective cumulative 5‐ and 10‐year rates of EV exacerbation were 2.0% and 3.1%. Multivariate analysis identified the presence of EVs, thrombocytopenia at baseline. and alcohol intake as significant independent predictors of EV exacerbation before and after SVR. The cumulative 5‐ and 10‐year rates of HCC were 6.8% and 10.2%, respectively. Male sex and the presence of EV were significant independent determinants of HCC before and after SVR. Although the cumulative 5‐year HCC recurrence rate was 49.4%, the overall survival rate since HCC was 73.6% at 5 years. The overall survival rates since SVR were 98.7% and 93.6% at 5 and 10 years, respectively. Progression of HCC was the most frequent all‐cause mortality, but none of the patients died of liver decompensation. Male sex and Fibrosis‐4 index of ≥3.0 after SVR were significant and independent predictors of mortality.ConclusionPatients with HCV remain at risk of HCC for >10 years after achieving SVR, and HCC is the most common cause of mortality. We recommend long‐term surveillance of cirrhotic patients with HCV, even after achieving SVR.
Increased IgG4‐positive plasma cells in nodular‐sclerosing Hodgkin lymphoma: a diagnostic pitfall
Authors: Nowak Verena , Agaimy Abbas , Kristiansen Glen , Gütgemann Ines 
Published: August 2019

AimsDespite increasing interest in the recently established immunoglobulin 4‐related disease (IgG4‐RD), its pathogenesis and aetiology remain largely unclear. Characteristic histopathological features are one of the key elements of diagnosis, including ‘storiform’ fibrosis, obliterative phlebitis, increased lymphoplasmacytic infiltration and increased levels of IgG4 in serum and tissue. Histopathological features of IgG4‐RD are striking but not specific, and can pose a pitfall for surgical pathologists. This paper aims to determine the actual amount of IgG4+ plasma cells in nodular‐sclerosing Hodgkin lymphoma (NSHL) and its potential to be misdiagnosed in routine clinical practice.Methods and resultsIgG4+ plasma cells per high‐power field (HPF) and the ratio of IgG4+ versus IgG+ plasma cells (IgG4/IgG ratio) in lymph node biopsies of 24 patients with nodular‐sclerosing Hodgkin lymphoma (NSHL) were determined using immunohistochemistry and consensus scoring criteria as used for IgG4‐RD. Ten lymph node biopsies with reactive follicular hyperplasia were assessed for comparison. Higher numbers of IgG4+ plasma cells (P < 0.001) were observed in NSHL versus follicular hyperplasia (mean 34 versus 8 per HPF) with a mean IgG4/IgG ratio of 0.38 versus 0.18. Five cases (21%) fulfilled the consensus criteria of IgG4‐RD, with >50 IgG4+ plasma cells per HPF and an IgG4/IgG ratio of >0.4. The mean count of IgG4+ plasma cells per HPF in NSHL varied greatly (3–88) with increased numbers of IgG4+ plasma cells seen near areas of fibrosclerosis.ConclusionsSignificantly higher levels of IgG4+ plasma cells are common in NSHL, emphasising the need to exclude Reed–Sternberg cells by morphology and immunohistochemistry in biopsies where IgG4‐RD is suspected.
Male nurses' views of gender in the nurse–family relationship in paediatric care
Authors: Arreciado Marañón A. , Rodríguez‐Martín D. , Galbany‐Estragués P. 
Published: August 2019

Aims(1) To learn how male nurses view and manage their relationships with families of hospitalized children, in contrast to how they view those established by female nurses. (2) To know if male nurses' relationships with families of hospitalized children are influenced by gender roles and stereotypes.BackgroundRelationships are essential in care. Prevailing gender stereotypes suggest that males have more difficulties with relationships than with technical aspects of nursing.MethodDescriptive qualitative research in a public tertiary hospital September–December 2015. Participants were male nurses who worked in maternal and child health. Purposive sampling, based on criteria of homogeneity‐regularity and heterogeneity‐diversity. Semi‐structured interviews and content analysis.FindingsTwelve male nurses participated. Two key themes emerged. (1) Establishment of professional–family relationship. Male nurses denied that male and female nurses established relationships with families differently, attributing any differences to personality rather than gender. (2) Management of relationships. Male nurses claimed that they set more limits on their relationships with families than female nurses.DiscussionMale nurses both disrupted and reproduced gendered stereotypes about relationships with families, revealing new models of masculinity.ConclusionMale nurses reject the stereotype that nursing is a women's profession, but they interpret their relationships with families in terms of gender roles and stereotypes.Implications for nursing and nursing policyThese findings contribute to understandings of the influence of gender stereotypes in nursing. They support the work of professional associations and labour unions in Spain and other countries to combat gender stereotypes and gender differences in nursing.
Shared decision‐making in outpatients with mental disorders: Patients´ preferences and associated factors
Authors: Morán‐Sánchez Inés , Gómez‐Vallés Paula , Bernal‐López María Ángeles , Pérez‐Cárceles María Dolores 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRationale, aims and objectivesOver the last years, traditional paternalistic model is being questioned. Shared Decision‐Making (SDM) model has been proposed as a way to improve patient‐physician interaction. Little is known to what extent people with severe mental illness want to be involved in decision‐making process. This study evaluates their preferences about making clinical decisions and which variables influence these desires.MethodOne hundred seven patients with DSM diagnoses of bipolar disorder or schizophrenia and 100 Non Psychiatric Comparison (NPC) subjects recruited from mental health and primary care departments completed a self‐reported questionnaire about preferences in decision‐making process. Demographic and clinical information was obtained through review of available records and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS).ResultsPatients and NPCs differed as regards their preferences about their participation in medical decisions. NPCs were 18 times more likely to prefer options about their treatment and 2 times more likely to prefer to take medical decisions by their own than psychiatric patients. The best predictors of the preference of a SDM model were a lower BPRS global score and the absence of previous compulsory admissions.ConclusionsPsychiatric patients more frequently preferred a passive role in the decision‐making process. Interventions to promote SDM should be tailored to the values and needs of each patient because not everyone wants to participate to the same degree. We found several factors to take into account in patient engagement in SDM as these populations may be more vulnerable.
Evaluation of the application of an edible coating and different frying temperatures on acrylamide and fat content in potato chips
Authors: Trujillo‐Agudelo Sara , Osorio Ana , Gómez Faver , Contreras‐Calderón Jose , Mesías‐Garcia Marta , Delgado‐Andrade Cristina , Morales Francisco , Vega‐Castro Oscar 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe consumption of fried foods and specifically potatoes is associated with the development of cardiovascular and cancer diseases in the population due to these foods contain a high fat level and some toxic compounds such as acrylamide. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of the application of an edible coating developed from whey proteins and rosemary extracts on the reduction of acrylamide and fat in potato chips. The methodology included factorial experimental design, taking as independent variables: percentage of whey protein (5–11%), percentage of rosemary extract (0–2%), and frying temperature (170–190°C). The fat content was determined according to AOAC and acrylamide by LC‐ESI‐MS‐MS. In addition, textural analyses were performed on potato chips. The content of acrylamide oscillated between 130 and 650 μg/kg. The acrylamide content was significantly affected by the frying temperature (p < 0.05). The fat content ranged between 8 and 31%. The firmness values ranged between 0.5 and 5.7 N. It can be concluded that the edible coating reduces the content of acrylamide and fat during frying, in addition to improving the firmness of the potato. Therefore, the designed coating could be an alternative to the public health problem generated by the consumption of fried foods.Practical applicationThe present investigation shows how the use of coatings from whey proteins with the addition of extracts of natural antioxidants from rosemary can reduce the formation of neo‐formed contaminants (acrylamide) and adsorption of fat, which represents a great processing alternative for the industry that allows them to comply with the regulations, recommendations, and existing trends regarding to the consumption of healthier products. In addition, the use of the coating does not affect the sensory quality of the potatoes. This also represents an attractive alternative for consumers who demand increasingly safe and healthy and tasty products, favoring the decrease in the prevalence of degenerative diseases in world population.
Production of clove oil nanoemulsion with rapid and enhanced antimicrobial activity against gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria
Authors: de Meneses Alessandra C. , Sayer Claudia , Puton Bruna M. S. , Cansian Rogério L. , Araújo Pedro H. H. , de Oliveira Débora 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe clove essential oil is a natural antioxidant and antimicrobial with potential applications in many fields of the industry. Nanoemulsions (NEs) with Dp ~135 nm loaded with clove oil (CO) and crodamol were produced by ultrasound. The presence of crodamol in formulation increased droplet size homogeneity and prevented the diffusional degradation with the consequent increase in the stability. The formulation containing 7 mg/mL of CO presented a high surface area and exhibited the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration against gram‐positive and negative bacteria when compared to the free CO, indicating an increase in the antimicrobial activity with the reduction of the droplet size to the nanometric range. Microbial inhibition kinetics showed a fast action of the NE in the inactivation of microorganisms tested. The antioxidant activity was evaluated and both free and nanoemulsified CO remained with antioxidant potential around 90%. The present work produced CO NE with rapid and increased bioactivity, and strong antioxidant potential, becoming an effective and natural alternative for future applications in food formulations.Practical applicationsThe clove essential oil is very interesting to the food and pharmaceutical industries due to the great antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. However, some limitations are related to its hydrophobic character, which limits the application in food formulations due to the low solubility in aqueous media. The essential oils nanoemulsions can be a great alternative to improve the oil solubility, increase the contact area, and protect the bioactive components that are present in the essential oil. Although some studies have been showing the great potential of the essential oil nanoemulsions, the investigation around the reduction of the emulsion droplet diameter, considering the relation between the nanometric range and the increase in the bioavailability and biological activity, is a critical issue to enable their application in food formulations.
Novel per‐oral endoscopic myotomy method preserving oblique muscle using two penetrating vessels as anatomic landmarks reduces postoperative gastroesophageal reflux
Authors: Tanaka Shinwa , Toyonaga Takashi , Kawara Fumiaki , Watanabe Daisuke , Hoshi Namiko , Abe Hirohumi , Ariyoshi Ryusuke , Ohara Yoshiko , Takao Toshitatsu , Morita Yoshinori , Umegaki Eiji , Kodama Yuzo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackground and AimOne of the main concerns related to peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is postoperative gastroesophageal reflux (GER). The two penetrating vessels (TPVs) that are found at the boundary between the circular and oblique muscles in the posterior cardia wall have been suggested to be a good indicator of the optimal distal extent of POEM. However, the effect of performing myotomy using the TPVs as an anatomical reference on the frequency of post‐POEM GER has not been studied.MethodsThis study involved consecutive patients who underwent POEM for the treatment of achalasia between April 2015 and June 2017. All enrolled patients underwent POEM in the 5 o'clock position and were divided into two groups: the conventional line group (CL group, n = 31), in which the TPVs were not exposed during submucosal tunnel dissection in the cardia, and the TPVs line group (TPVs group, n = 83), in which the TPVs were exposed and gastric myotomy was performed along the right side of the TPVs to preserve the oblique muscle. Examinations for post‐POEM GER were conducted 3 months after the POEM.ResultsThe frequency of grade B or higher reflex esophagitis was 26/83 (31.3%) in the TPVs group and 18/31 (58.1%) in the CL group (P = 0.017). Nine of 83 patients (10.8%) had GER symptoms in the TPVs group, and six of 31 (19.4%) had GER symptoms in the CL group (P = 0.23).ConclusionsThe novel myotomy method preserving oblique muscle using TPVs as anatomical landmarks significantly reduced the frequency of post‐POEM GER.
Celebratory Socialism: Subcultural Politics of Dancing, Drinking, and Hooking Up Among Youth of Brazil's MST
Authors: Gurr Mel 
Published: August 2019

ResumenUtilizando observação participante em pesquisa no Congresso Nacional do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) realizado no ano 2014, este artigo descreve as dimensões ativas da corporalidade, como um importante espaço de aprendizagens políticas e elaboração simbólica entre os jovens militantes deste movimento. Ele explora os rituais de beber, dançar, e ficar depois de um experiência de repressão estatal. O artigo apresenta formas com que os jovens criam sua própria subcultura socialista obtendo assim um vislumbre experiencial sobre uma sociedade mais igualitária. Ao mesmo tempo, esses domínios lançam luz sobre negociações mais amplas de gênero, sexualidade e pertença na sociedade brasileira e no MST. Prestando atenção às implicações políticas das práticas prazerosas, argumenta que a festa do socialismo é uma fonte de resistência e força, promovendo a participação dos jovens rurais nos projetos políticos emancipatórios num conjuntura difícil.