bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traumatisches Makulaforamen
Authors: Fiorentzis Miltiadis , Seitz Berthold , Viestenz Arne 
Published: July 2018

ZusammenfassungDas traumatische Makulaforamen (TMF) ist eine seltene Komplikation nach Kontusionsverletzung oder offenem Bulbustrauma und kann zu permanentem Visusverlust führen. Der Pathomechanismus des TMF unterscheidet sich von demjenigen des idiopathischen Makulaforamens (IMF). Eine plötzliche Kompression und Expansion des Bulbus führt zu Glaskörpertraktionen, die in einem TMF resultieren können. Der finale Visus hängt vom Schweregrad der Disruption der Photorezeptoren und der retinalen Pigmentepithelzellen ab. Das posttraumatische Vorgehen wird kontrovers diskutiert. Ein spontaner Verschluss und ein konservatives Vorgehen sind bei jungen Patienten mit kleineren Defekten und gutem Visus ohne Anhebung des posterioren Glaskörpers abzuwägen. In diesen Fällen empfiehlt sich das Abwarten über Monate. Bei fehlender Adhäsion an den Rändern des Loches und begleitenden Pathologien des Pigmentepithels ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer spontanen Heilung gering. In diesem Fall kann eine Pars-plana-Vitrektomie mit Entfernung des Glaskörpers und der epiretinalen Membranen zur Wiederherstellung der Anatomie und zu einem Visusanstieg führen. Der Erfolg einer operativen Intervention ist multifaktoriell und ist mit der Erfahrung des Operateurs sowie mit den Charakteristika des Traumas assoziiert.
Sport- und physiotherapeutische Maßnahmen zur Behandlung der chronischen Graft-versus-Host-Krankheit
Authors: Kühl Rea , Meier Sebastian , Baeurle Melanie , Wolff Daniel , Greinix Hildegard , Lawitschka Anita , Halter Jörg , Bertz Hartmut , Hilgendorf Inken 
Published: July 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Patienten mit chronischer Graft-versus-Host-Krankheit (cGvHD) nach allogener hämatopoetischer Stammzelltransplantation (alloSZT) leiden oft langfristig an reduzierter Leistungsfähigkeit und Bewegungseinschränkungen.
Methoden Durch die Arbeitsgruppe des German-Austrian-Swiss GvHD-Konsortium wurde in Kooperation mit Physiotherapeuten, Sportwissenschaftlern, Pädiatern, Pneumologen und Rehabilitationsmedizinern ein Konsens zur Bewegungstherapie der GvHD erarbeitet.
Ergebnisse Trotz regelmäßiger Anwendung physio- und sporttherapeutischer Maßnahmen in der Supportivtherapie der cGvHD, ist die Datenlage limitiert. Um die Qualität der Behandlung von cGvHD-Patienten durch die Etablierung einheitlicher Standards zu verbessern, wurde ein Konsens erarbeitet.
Diskussion und Schlussfolgerung Die Verbesserung der Leistungsfähigkeit und Lebensqualität von cGvHD-Patienten erfordert eine kontinuierliche Therapie und die Validierung der Konsensusempfehlungen.
Behandlungsmöglichkeiten bei Nichtanlagen der lateralen Inzisivi – eine Literaturübersicht
Authors: Feldner Josef , Jäger Karin 
Published: July 2018

ZusammenfassungIn der Kieferorthopädie ist man häufig mit Patienten mit Agenesien konfrontiert. Der obere seitliche Schneidezahn ist der am zweithäufigsten fehlende Zahn. Es gibt 3 Therapieoptionen, um den fehlenden Schneidezahn zu ersetzen. Dazu gehört der Lückenschluss mit Ersatz des seitlichen Schneidzahnes durch den Eckzahn und die Lückenöffnung mit implantat- oder zahngetragener Versorgung. Zahlreiche Faktoren wie bspw. die Malokklusion, das Ausmaß des Crowdings, das Profil, die Lachlinie und die Form und Farbe der Eckzähne, spielen eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Therapieentscheidung. Der vorliegende Artikel beschäftigt sich mit den Vorteilen und Nachteilen von kieferorthopädischem Lückenschluss und der Lückenöffnung.
Feasibility of Navigable Percutaneous Disk Decompressor (L'DISQ-C) for Cervical Disk Herniation
Authors: Hong Youngki , Yoo Seunghan , Kim Nack , Kim Yushin , Sohn Sangho , Yoon Sung-Young , Lee Sangheon 
Published: July 2018

Objective To assess the procedural efficacy and safety of a Navigable Percutaneous Disk Decompressor (L'DISQ-C) for cervical disk herniation.
Methods We performed intradiskal decompression on cervical spine specimens from five human cadavers using the L'DISQ-C under C-arm fluoroscopic guidance. We evaluated our success for positioning the navigable wand tip into the target region and recorded temperature variation at various distances from the wand tip in the cervical nucleus pulposus. The histologic effect of plasma decompression was examined microscopically using harvested tissues adjacent to the procedure site.
Results We successfully navigated the tip of the L'DISQ-C into the target region of the posterior cervical disks on the first insertion attempt in all C3–C4 to C6–C7 disks and in 50% of the C2–C3 and C7–T1 disks. The average temperature elevations within the nucleus pulposus ranged from 4.14 ± 0.08°C to 12.17 ± 0.76°C at various distances from the wand tip with or without saline infusion. A histologic examination showed only minor denaturation at the marginal border of the procedure tract.
Conclusion We effectively navigated the L'DISQ-C wand tip into the posterior target region of six cadaveric cervical disks and performed percutaneous resection of the target disk tissues without significant thermal or structural damage to adjacent tissues.
Outcome Predictors of the Transforaminal Endoscopic Spine System Technique for Single-level Lumbar Disk Herniation
Authors: Wu Jinchun , Yu Bin , He Bin , Liu Gang , Ju Jidong , Zhu Jianguang 
Published: July 2018

Background Endoscopic spine surgery has become increasingly popular. However, no study has researched the predictive factors for different outcomes. This study is the first to evaluate the outcome predictors of the transforaminal endoscopic spine system (TESSYS) technique for lumbar disk herniation (LDH).
Methods We performed a prospective study of 80 patients meeting the inclusion criteria who underwent TESSYS for LDH. Clinical outcomes were assessed by the visual analog scale (VAS), the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and the modified MacNab criteria. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the outcome predictors.
Results There were 36 men and 44 women with a mean age of 48.76 ± 15.60 years (range: 24–78 years). The mean follow-up time was 25.15 ± 9.76 months (range: 12–48 months). The VAS and ODI scores at the last follow-up were significantly improved (p < 0.001). Based on the modified MacNab criteria, the global outcomes were excellent in 34 patients (42.5%), good in 26 patients (32.5%), fair in 11 patients (13.75%), and poor in 9 patients (11.25%). The percentage of symptomatic improvement was 88.75%, and the success rate (excellent or good) was 75%. In the univariate and multivariate analyses, LDH with older age (odds ratio [OR]: 6.621; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.632–20.846; p = 0.019), high-intensity zone (HIZ) (OR: 8.152; 95% CI, 0.827–4.380; p = 0.003), and larger disk herniation (OR: 6.819; 95% CI, 0.113–4.825; p = 0.017) were the most significant negative outcome predictors.
Conclusions TESSYS is an effective method to treat LDH. Older age, the existence of an HIZ, and a large disk herniation were the most important predictors for a worse outcome.
Primary Malignant Melanoma in the Pineal Region: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Kaech Denis , Woodtli Martin , Wendel Christopher 
Published: July 2018

Background Primary pineal malignant melanoma is a rare type of primary central nervous system melanoma with only 19 cases reported in the literature.
Case Report We present a case of a 53-year-old man with primary melanoma of the pineal region. He presented to the emergency department with gait unsteadiness and ataxia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a 22 × 17 × 22-mm mass in the pineal region. On MRI the tumor was hyperintense in T1, isointense in T2, and on T1-weighted images with gadolinium enhancement it appeared homogeneously hyperintense with hypointense spots. Our patient underwent subtotal tumor resection as well as radiotherapy. The 52-week MRI control showed no recurrence of the lesion.After 62 weeks he developed gait ataxia and headaches and was admitted to the emergency department. Computed tomography revealed tumor bleeding and obstructive hydrocephalus.An external ventricular drain was placed, but the bleeding progressed, and 7 days after admission, MRI showed bleeding in the thalamus and mesencephalon. With a dismal prognosis, therapy was discontinued. He died 65 weeks after diagnosis.
Methods We reviewed the available literature (PubMed) with 19 published cases of primary pineal malignant melanoma and evaluated the common symptoms at presentation, histopathologic features, radiologic findings, therapeutic regimens, and time of survival to provide the most up-to-date treatment.
Results The median age of patients with primary pineal malignant melanoma is 52 years (female-to-male ratio: 10:10 years); a common first sign is chronic hydrocephalus. On MRI the lesion presents hyperintense in T1 and hypo- to isointense in T2. Biopsy or resection and histopathologic analysis are the key to diagnosis. Common histopathologic features are melanic pigment (n = 19/20), positive Human Melanoma Black (HMB-45) marker (n = 13/20), positive S100 protein reactivity (n = 11/20), as well as positive Melan-A (n = 9/20). The median survival was > 56.5 weeks in patients treated with resection and radiation.
Conclusion Reconsidering the reported cases surgical treatment followed by radiation increases the length of survival.
Minimally Invasive Resection of Deep-seated High-grade Gliomas Using Tubular Retractors and Exoscopic Visualization
Authors: Iyer Rajiv , Chaichana Kaisorn 
Published: July 2018

Background and Study Aims/Objective Deep-seated high-grade gliomas (HGGs) represent a unique surgical challenge because they reside deep to critical cortical and subcortical structures and infiltrate functional areas of the brain. Therefore, accessing and resecting these tumors can often be challenging and associated with significant morbidity. We describe the use of minimally invasive approaches to access deep-seated HGGs to achieve extensive resections while minimizing surgical morbidity.
Materials and Methods All patients who underwent resection of a deep-seated intraparenchymal HGG with the use of a tubular retractor with exoscopic visualization from January 2016 to May 2017 were identified prospectively at a single institution. Variables evaluated included tumor location, pre- and postoperative neurologic function, extent of resection, and length of hospital stay.
Results Overall, 14 patients underwent resection of an HGG (11 glioblastomas, 3 anaplastic astrocytomas) with a tubular retractor under exoscopic visualization. Seven tumors (50%) involved the thalamus, three (21%) the motor corticospinal tract, two (14%) the inferior frontal occipital fasciculus, one (7%) each the basal ganglia and optic pathway. The median preoperative Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) was 70 (interquartile range: 55–80), where the major presenting symptom was motor weakness in seven (50%). The average plus or minus the standard error of the mean percentage resection was 97.0 ± 1.2%. The median hospital stay was 4 days (range: 2–7). At 1 month postoperatively, median postoperative KPS (within 30 days) was 87 (range: 77–90), where eight (57%) were improved, five (36%) were stable, and one (7%) was worse postoperatively.
Conclusions Deep-seated HGGs can be accessed, visualized, and resected using tubular retractors and exoscopic visualization with minimal morbidity.
In vivo Characteristics of Thaw Siphon Cryoprecipitate Compared to Other Factor VIII Preparations
Authors: Toolis F , McKay G , Prowse C V 
Published: July 2018

Summary5 severe haemophiliacs were infused with cryoprecipitate prepared by the continuous thaw-siphon technique, with cryoprecipitate prepared by overnight thawing and with intermediate-purity factor VIII concentrate. All 3 preparations gave a similar mean half-life for coagulant factor VIII of approximately 10 hours. The immediate recovery of this activity was similar for the 2 cryoprecipitates, but higher for the purified concentrate.
Inactivation of Human Factor VIII by Granulocyte Proteases
Authors: Váradi Katalin , Marossy Katalin , Asbóth G , Elödi P , Elödi Susan 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe effect of human granulocyte proteases and related pancreatic enzymes on the procoagulant (VIII:C) and the von Willebrand (VIIIR:WF) activities of factor VIII was investigated. VIII:C appeared to be several hundred times more sensitive towards granulocyte enzymes than VIIIR: WF. The elastase-like protease (ELP) decreased both activities of factor VIII more effectively than the chymotrypsin-like enzyme (CLP). ELP increased co-operatively the inactivating effect of CLP. In the presence of a CLP-ELP mixture in a ratio of 3:1, the rate of inactivation of VIII:C was seven times as high as that with CLP alone.Factor VIII was more resistant towards the damaging effect of pancreatic enzymes. The rate of inactivation of VIII: C was about a thousand times and that of VIIIR:WF about a hundred times lower than those measured with the related granulocyte enzymes of the same proteolytic activity. The sensitivity of VIII: C towards proteolysis was not as pronounced with pancreatic enzymes as with granulocyte proteases.Our data suggest that, even though CLP and ELP are called "-like" enzymes, the specificity of granulocyte proteases is not identical with that of the pancreatic enzymes. The extreme sensitivity of VIII: C for granulocyte proteases may bring about blood coagulation disorders in certain pathological conditions.
Relationship of ADP-Induced Fibrinogen Binding to Platelet Shape Change and Aggregation Elucidated by Use of Colchicine and Cytochalasin B
Authors: Peerschke Ellinor I , Zucker Marjorie B 
Published: July 2018

SummaryADP causes human, aspirin-treated, gel-filtered platelets to change from their native discoid shape to spiny spheres with pseudopods, bind 125I-labeled fibrinogen, and aggregate if shaken with sufficient fibrinogen. After destruction of the added ADP with the enzyme apyrase, the platelets revert to a disc shape and lose much of their bound fibrinogen. Colchicine (208 μM or 83 μg/ml) added to ADP-treated platelets before apyrase prevented restoration of the discoid shape but not the loss of bound fibrinogen. It did not inhibit ADP-induced shape change, aggregation, or fibrinogen binding. Cytochalasin B (0.02–0.2 μM or 0.01–0.10 μg/ml) prevented ADP-induced shape change but not ADP-induced fibrinogen binding or aggregation. Thus, these findings support earlier studies with thrombasthenic and EDTA-treated platelets and with normal platelets at low pH, or in the presence of EDTA to indicate that fibrinogen binding is associated with aggregability but not with platelet shape.
The Determination of the Heparin Neutralising Capacity of Protamine Using Acridine Orange Fluorescence
Authors: Edwards Haydn E , Navaratnam Suppiah , Allen John C , Phillips Glyn O 
Published: July 2018

SummaryA new method to estimate the heparin neutralising capacity of protamine has been investigated. The technique has been applied to two commercial heparin preparations tested against the W.H.O. 1st International Reference preparation of protamine.The technique is based on the fluorescence of acridine orange dye and the selective binding of heparin with protamine. A titration procedure has been devised and the two variations of the assay are compared and evaluated. The titration is rapid, accurate and convenient.
Different Assessment of Plasmin with Different Substrates
Authors: Lämmle B , Duckert F , Bondeli Ch , Hänni L ,   with the technical assistance of
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe alteration of human and porcine plasmin and the influence of EACA and AMCHA on their activity were investigated. Solutions of both plasmins undergo storage induced alteration, which is best recorded by Chromozym PL, whereas the other chromogenic substrates, S-2251 and S-2302, and casein are less sensitive, and the fibrin plate inadequate. Plasmin amidolytic and fibrinolytic activity is maximally enhanced at 7.6 × 10–3 M EACA and 6.4 × 10–4 M AMCHA, and decay through storage is reversed. The caseinolytic activity seems slightly inhibited at the same EACA and AMCHA concentrations.Our results show:1. The quotient: plasmin activity towards Chromozym PL/Activity towards S-2251 is a useful indicator of "plasmin quality". The quotient decreases markedly upon storage of plasmin solutions.2. Plasmin stability is improved in the presence of AMCHA.3. It is valueless to add EACA or AMCHA to inhibit plasmin in amidolytic assays since the chosen concentration enhances the amidolytic activity of already formed plasmin.
Anticoagulant and Antithrombotic Action of Novel Specific Inhibitors of Thrombin
Authors: Hauptmann J , Kaiser B , Markwardt F , Nowak G 
Published: July 2018

SummaryA series of new specific inhibitors of thrombin, cyclic amides of Nα-arylsulfonyl-amidinophenylalanine, was studied for anticoagulant action in vitro and in vivo. The inhibitors showed strong anticoagulant effects in vitro. The time course of the anticoagulant effect of the inhibitors in rabbits and rats was monitored using plasma thrombin time determinations. In rats, the inhibitors prevented the formation of experimental venous thrombi and of thrombin-induced microthrombosis. The new derivatives of benz-amidine presented may be useful as immediately acting anticoagulants.
The Optical Detection of Platelets in Plasma
Authors: McCabe Vincent J , Clarke Noel 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe attenuation of a light beam by a suspension of platelets in plasma was examined theoretically and experiments were performed to confirm this analysis. Interfering and modifying inputs were identified and their effects quantified. Recommendations for instrument design are made which minimise the effects of spurious inputs and enable platelet concentration in plasma to be estimated by simple optical methods. The most important recommendations are: (i) the use of light in the range 850–1000 nm so that water may be used instead of isologous platelet-free plasma as a blank and (ii) the emphasis on the need for the calibration of the system and the necessity for re-calibration if the optical system is disturbed or adjusted.
Thromboxane Generation in Patients with Essential Hypertension or Cerebrovascular Disease and Effect of Oral Aspirin
Authors: Matsumoto M , Nukada T , Uyama O , Yoneda S , Imaizumi M , Miyamoto T , Kayama N 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe ability of platelets to synthesize thromboxane B2 (TxB2) from arachidonic acid (AA) or prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) was studied in 26 control subjects, 40 patients with essential hypertension, 20 patients with cerebrovascular disease (CVD) not taking aspirin and 11 patients with CVD taking aspirin. The activity of platelets to form TxB2 from AA or PGH2 was measured using 1 — 14C arachidonic acid or 1—14C PGH2 as a substrate. There was no significant difference in TxB2 generation from AA or PGH2 among the platelets collected from the control subjects, hypertensive patients and CVD patients not taking aspirin.In CVD patients taking aspirin, marked suppression was observed in TxB2 synthesis from AA, but no suppression in TxB2 synthesis from PGH2. At least 750 mg aspirin per day were required for nearly complete suppression of TxB2 generation from AA.
Some Immunofluorescent Observations on Factor VIII/von Willebrand Factor in Dogs
Authors: Potter Elizabeth V , Shaughnessy Martha A , Green David 
Published: July 2018

SummaryFactor VIII/von Willebrand factor (vWF) was sought by immunofluorescence in or on canine platelets and blood vessels. None was found on normal canine platelets and little was present in normal canine arteries, veins and capillaries compared with normal human blood vessels. However, free granules of vWF were scattered in platelet-rich canine plasma and occasional granules appeared on small clumps of platelets when ristocetin or collagen was added to the plasma. When the same platelets were suspended in human plasma and ristocetin or collagen was added, more clumps were formed and more vWF (human) was associated with these clumps. When thrombin was added to canine platelets in either canine or human serum, more solid, small clumps of platelets were formed and stained with the anti-vWF sera. When thrombin was added to canine platelets in either canine or human plasma, a single large clot was formed which stained brightly for vWF.
In Vitro Inhibition of Platelet Aggregation by Bile Salts
Authors: Baele G , Beke R , Barbier F 
Published: July 2018

SummaryIn a series of in vitro experiments, the influence of bile salts on platelet aggregation by ADP or by collagen and on serotonin-14C release by collagen, was studied.Sodium salts of the following bile acids showed a clear inhibitory effect: glycochenodeoxycholic acid, taurochenodeoxycholic acid, glycocholic acid, taurocholic acid and cholic acid. Lowering the pH of the platelet-rich plasma resulted in decreased platelet aggregation by ADP and by collagen. Bile salts further enhanced the inhibitory effect of pH change. In contrast the sodium salt of chenodeoxycholic acid was the sole aggregation inducing bile salt we studied. Relating the above studies to the clinical situation of upper gastroduodenal mucosal haemorrhage, we suggest that biliary reflux as well as the acidic environment may contribute to a poor haemostatic response by impaired platelet aggregation in the upper gastrointestinal tract of otherwise normal human subjects.
A Comparison of the in Vitro and in Vivo Thrombogenic Activity of Factor IX Concentrates Using Stasis (Wessler) and Non-Stasis Rabbit Models
Authors: Prowse C V , Williams A E 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe thrombogenic effects of selected factor IX concentrates were evaluated in two rabbit models; the Wessler stasis model and a novel non-stasis model. Concentrates active in either the NAPTT or TGt50
in vitro tests of potential thrombogenicity, or both, caused thrombus formation in the Wessler technique and activation of the coagulation system in the non-stasis model. A concentrate with low activity in both in vitro tests did not have thrombogenic effects in vivo, at the chosen dose. Results in the non-stasis model suggested that the thrombogenic effects of factor IX concentrates may occur by at least two mechanisms. A concentrate prepared from platelet-rich plasma and a pyrogenic concentrate were also tested and found to have no thrombogenic effect in vivo.These studies justify the use of the NAPTT and TGt50
in vitro tests for the screening of factor IX concentrates prior to clinical use.
Fibrin Assembly: A Comparison of Electron Microscopic and Light Scattering Results
Authors: Hantgan Roy , Fowler Walter , Erickson Harold , Hermans Jan 
Published: July 2018

SummaryTo test the validity of a proposed two step fibrin assembly mechanism and directly visualize the molecular species present at various stages of fibrin formation, we have carried out an electron microscopic investigation. Assembly conditions duplicated those of a recent light scattering study and specimens were prepared at different time points with the use of a negative staining technique recently employed to visualize the trinodular structure of fibrinogen. Under near-physiological buffer conditions, protofibrils structurally similar to those postulated by Ferry have been found at early stages of fibrin assembly. In parallel with the light scattering results, a dramatic increase in fiber diameter was found in specimens prepared during the postulated lateral association stage of gelation. Light scattering and electron microscopic results both showed that high ionic strength reduces the rate and extent of fiber formation. Reptilase cleavage is shown to result in typical cross striated fibrin.