bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Group decision-making is optimal in adolescence
Authors: Haller Simone PW , Bang DAN , Bahrami Bahador , Lau Jennifer YF 
Published: September 2018

AbstractGroup decision-making is required in early life in educational settings and central to a well-functioning society. However, there is little research on group decision-making in adolescence, despite the significant neuro-cognitive changes during this period. Researchers have studied adolescent decision-making in ‘static’ social contexts, such as risk-taking in the presence of peers, and largely deemed adolescent decision-making ‘sub-optimal.’ It is not clear whether these findings generalise to more dynamic social contexts, such as the discussions required to reach a group decision. Here we test the optimality of group decision-making at different stages of adolescence. Pairs of male pre-to-early adolescents (8 to 13 years of age) and mid-to-late adolescents (14 to 17 years of age) together performed a low-level, perceptual decision-making task. Whenever their individual decisions differed, they were required to negotiate a joint decision. While there were developmental differences in individual performance, the joint performance of both adolescent groups was at adult levels (data obtained from a previous study). Both adolescent groups achieved a level of joint performance expected under optimal integration of their individual information into a joint decision. Young adolescents’ joint, but not individual, performance deteriorated over time. The results are consistent with recent findings attesting to the competencies, rather than the shortcomings, of adolescent social behaviour.
Management of Hsp90-Dependent Protein Folding by Small Molecule Targeting the Aha1 Co-Chaperone
Authors: Singh Jay , Tait Bradley , Guy Naihsuan , Sivils Jeffrey C. , Culbertson David , Dickey Chad , Kuo Szu Yu , Gestwicki Jason E. , Hutt Darren M. , Dyson Jane H. , Cox Marc B. , Balch William E. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe core cytosolic Hsp90 chaperone/co-chaperone complex plays a critical role in proteostasis management of human health and disease. To identify novel compounds that alter the ability of the Hsp90 co-chaperone Aha1 to modulate the ATPase activity found in multiple folding diseases ranging from steroid hormone receptor (SHR) sensitive prostate cancer to tauopathies associated with neurodegenerative diseases, we employed a high throughput screening (HTS) assay to monitor selectively Aha1-stimulated Hsp90 (ASH) ATPase activity. The ASH assay identified SEW04784 (SEW), a small molecule that disrupts ASH activity without inhibiting the basal Hsp90 ATPase activity. NMR analysis reveals that SEW binds to the C-terminal domain of Aha1 to disrupt its asymmetric binding to Hsp90 leading to abrogation of its chaperoning activity of Hsp90. SEW exhibits therapeutic potential by blocking the transcriptional activity of prostate cancer (PCa) associated variants of the androgen receptor (AR) in a cell-based model of PCa. Additionally, SEW exhibits the ability to clear toxic, phosphorylated tau aggregated species associated with tauopathies. By not directly impacting the basal ATPase function of the abundant and ubiquitous Hsp90, SEW could provide a therapeutic approach for mitigation of client-specific proteostatic disease.
Exploring Genetic Variation that Influences Brain Methylation in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Pineda-Cirera Laura , Shivalikanjli Anu , Cabana-Domínguez Judit , Demontis Ditte , Rajagopal Veera M. , Børglum Anders D , Faraone Stephen V. , Cormand Bru , Fernàndez-Castillo Noèlia 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by an interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Epigenetics is crucial to lasting changes in gene expression in the brain. Recent studies suggest a role for DNA methylation in ADHD. We explored the contribution to ADHD of allele-specific methylation (ASM), an epigenetic mechanism that involves SNPs correlating with differential levels of DNA methylation at CpG sites. We selected 3,896 tagSNPs reported to influence methylation in human brain regions and performed a case-control association study using the summary statistics from the largest GWAS meta-analysis of ADHD, comprising 20,183 cases and 35,191 controls. We identified associations with eight tagSNPs that were significant at a 5% False Discovery Rate (FDR). These SNPs correlated with methylation of CpG sites lying in the promoter regions of six genes. Since methylation may affect gene expression, we inspected these ASM SNPs together with 52 ASM SNPs in high LD with them for eQTLs in brain tissues and observed that the expression of three of those genes was affected by them. ADHD risk alleles correlated with increased expression (and decreased methylation) of ARTN and PIDD1 and with a decreased expression (and increased methylation) of C2orf82. Furthermore, these three genes were predicted to have altered expression in ADHD, and genetic variants in C2orf82 correlated with brain volumes. In summary, we followed a systematic approach to identify risk variants for ADHD that correlated with differential cis-methylation, identifying three novel genes contributing to the disorder.
Phosphoproteomics of Arabidopsis Highly ABA-Induced1 identifies AT-Hook Like10 phosphorylation required for stress growth regulation
Authors: Wong Min May , Bhaskara Govinal Badiger , Wen Tuan-Nan , Lin Wen-Dar , Nguyen Thao Thi , Chong Geeng Loo , Verslues Paul E. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe Clade A protein phosphatase 2C Highly ABA-Induced 1 (HAI1) plays an important role in stress signaling yet little information is available on HAI1-regulated phosphoproteins. Quantitative phosphoproteomics identified phosphopeptides of increased abundance inhai1-2in unstressed plants and in plants exposed to low water potential (drought) stress. The identity and localization of the phosphoproteins as well as enrichment of specific phosphorylation motifs indicated that these phosphorylation sites may be regulated directly by HAI1 or by HAI1-regulated kinases including Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MPKs), Sucrose-non fermenting Related Kinase 2 (SnRK2s) or Casein Kinases. One of the phosphosites putatively regulated by HAI1 was S313/S314 of AT Hook-Like10 (AHL10), a DNA binding protein of unclear function. HAI1 could directly dephosphorylate AHL10in vitroand the level ofHAI1expression affected the abundance of phosphorylated AHL10in vivo.AHL10 S314 phosphorylation was critical for restriction of plant growth under low water potential stress and for regulation of Jasmonic Acid and Auxin-related gene expression as well as expression of developmental regulators includingShootmeristemless(STM). These genes were also mis-regulated inhai1-2. AHL10 S314 phosphorylation was required for AHL10 complexes to form foci within the nucleoplasm, suggesting that S314 phosphorylation may control AHL10 association with the nuclear matrix or with other transcriptional regulators. These data identify a set of HAI1-affected phosphorylation sites, show that HAI1-regulated phosphorylation of AHL10 S314 controls AHL10 function and localization and also indicate that HAI1-AHL10 signaling coordinates growth with stress and defense responses.
Primary Target Prediction of Bioactive Molecules from Chemical Structure
Authors: Forouzesh Abed , Foroushani Sadegh Samadi , Forouzesh Fatemeh , Zand Eskandar 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThere are various tools for computational target prediction of bioactive molecules from a chemical structure in a machine-readable material but these tools can’t distinguish a primary target from other targets. Also, due to the complex nature of bioactive molecules, there has not been a method to predict a target and or a primary target from a chemical structure in a non-digital material (for example printed or hand-written documents) yet. In this study, an attempt to simplify primary target prediction from a chemical structure was resulted in developing an innovative method based on the minimum structure which can be used in both formats of non-digital and machine-readable materials. A minimum structure does not represent a real molecule or a real association of functional groups, but is a part of a molecular structure which is necessary to ensure the primary target prediction of bioactive molecules. Structurally related bioactive molecules with the minimum structure were considered as neighbor molecules of the query molecule. The known primary target of the neighbor molecule is used as a reference for predicting the primary target of the neighbor molecule with an unknown primary target. In results, we confirmed the usefulness of our proposed method for primary target prediction in 548 drugs and pesticides involved in four primary targets by eight minimum structures.
Utilisation of staphylococcal immune evasion protein Sbi as a novel vaccine adjuvant
Authors: Yang Y. , Back CR. , Gräwert MA. , Wahid AA. , Denton H. , Kildani R. , Paulin J. , Wörner K. , Kaiser W. , Svergun DI. , Sartbaeva A. , Watts AG. , Marchbank KJ. , van den Elsen JMH 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCo-ligation of the B cell antigen receptor with complement receptor 2 on B-cells via a C3d-opsonised antigen complex significantly lowers the threshold required for B cell activation. Consequently, fusions of antigens with C3d polymers have shown great potential in vaccine design. However, these linear arrays of C3d multimers do not mimic the natural opsonisation of antigens with C3d. Here we investigate the potential of using the unique complement activating characteristics of Staphylococcal immune-evasion protein Sbi to develop a pro-vaccine approach that spontaneously coats antigens with C3 degradation products in a natural way. We show that Sbi rapidly triggers the alternative complement pathway through recruitment of complement regulators, forming a tripartite complex that acts as a competitive antagonist of factor H, resulting in enhanced complement consumption. These functional results are corroborated by the structure of this complement activating Sbi-III-IV:C3d:FHR-1 complex. Finally, we demonstrate that Sbi, fused withMycobacterium tuberculosisantigen Ag85b, causes efficient opsonisation with C3 fragments, thereby enhancing the immune response significantly beyond that of Ag85b alone, providing proof of concept for our pro-vaccine approach.
Inducing rapid seed germination of native cool season grasses with solid matrix priming and seed extrusion technology
Authors: Madsen Matthew D. , Svejcar Lauren , Radke Janae , Hulet April 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThere is a need to develop effective techniques for establishing native vegetation in dryland ecosystems. We developed a novel treatment that primes seeds in a matrix of absorbent materials and bio-stimulants and then forms the mixture into pods for planting. In the development process, we determined optimal conditions for priming seeds and then compared seedling emergence from non-treated seeds, non-primed-seed pods, and primed-seed pods. Emergence trials were conducted on soils collected from a hillslope and ridgetop location on the Kaibab Plateau, Arizona, USAPoa fendlerianaandPseudoroegneria spicatawere used as test species. Seeds were primed from −0.5 to −2.5 MPa for up to 12 d. Seeds primed under drier conditions (−1.5 to −2.5 MPa) tended to have quicker germination. Days to 50% emergence for primed-seed pods was between 66.2 to 82.4% faster (5.2 to 14.5 d fewer) than non-treated seeds. Seedling emergence from primed-seed pods forP. fendlerianawas 3.8-fold higher than non-treated seeds on the ridgetop soil, but no difference was found on the other soil. Final density ofP. spicataprimed-seed pods were 2.9 to 3.8-fold higher than non-treated seeds. Overall, primed-seed pods show promise for enhancing germination and seedling emergence, which could aid in native plant establishment.
Vascular effects on the BOLD response and the retinotopic mapping of hV4
Authors: Taylor H.G. Boyd , Puckett A.M. , Isherwood Z.J. , Schira M.M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDespite general acceptance that the retinotopic organisation of human V4 (hV4) takes the form of a single, uninterrupted ventral hemifield, measured retinotopic maps of this visual area are often incomplete. Here, we test hypotheses that artefact from draining veins close to hV4 cause inverted BOLD responses that may serve to obscure a portion of the lower visual quarterfield — including the lower vertical meridian — in some hemispheres. We further test whether correcting such responses can restore the ‘missing’ retinotopic coverage in hV4. Subjects (N=11) viewed bowtie, ring, drifting bar and full field flash stimuli. Functional EPIs were acquired over approximately 1.5h and analysed to reveal retinotopic maps of early visual cortex, including hV4. Normalised mean maps (which show the average EPI signal amplitude) were constructed by voxel-wise averaging of the EPI time course and used to locate venous eclipses, which can be identified by a decrease in the EPI signal caused by deoxygenated blood. Inverted responses are shown to cluster in these regions, and correcting these responses improves maps of hV4 in some hemispheres, including restoring a complete hemifield map in one. A leftwards bias was found in which 11/11 hV4 maps in the left hemisphere were classified as incomplete, while this was the case in only 3/11 right hemisphere maps. Incomplete hV4 maps did not correspond with venous artefact in many instances, with incomplete maps being present in the absence of a venous eclipse and complete maps coexisting with a proximate venous eclipse. We also show that mean maps of upper surfaces (near the boundary between cortical grey matter and CSF) provide highly detailed maps of veins on the cortical surface. Results suggest that venous eclipses and inverted voxels can explain some incomplete hV4 maps, but cannot explain the remainder nor the leftwards bias in hV4 coverage reported here.
Munc18-1 catalyzes neuronal SNARE assembly by templating SNARE association
Authors: Jiao Junyi , He Mengze , Port Sarah A. , Baker Richard W. , Xu Yonggang , Qu Hong , Xiong Yujian , Wang Yukun , Jin Huaizhou , Eisemann Travis J. , Hughson Frederick M. , Zhang Yongli 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSec1/Munc18-family (SM) proteins are required for SNARE-mediated membrane fusion, but their mechanism(s) of action remain controversial. Using single-molecule force spectroscopy, we found that the SM protein Munc18-1 catalyzes step-wise zippering of three synaptic SNAREs (syntaxin, VAMP2, and SNAP-25) into a four-helix bundle. Catalysis requires formation of an intermediate template complex in which Munc18-1 juxtaposes the N-terminal regions of the SNARE motifs of syntaxin and VAMP2, while keeping their C-terminal regions separated. Next, SNAP-25 binds the templated SNAREs to form a partially-zippered SNARE complex. Finally, full zippering displaces Munc18-1. Munc18-1 mutations modulate the stability of the template complex in a manner consistent with their effects on membrane fusion, indicating that chaperoned SNARE assembly is essential for exocytosis. Two other SM proteins, Munc18-3 and Vps33, similarly chaperone SNARE assembly via a template complex, suggesting that SM protein mechanism is conserved.
Janus face: the imperial but fragile presidency in South Korea
Authors: Bae Jin Seok , Park Sunkyoung 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the paradoxical pattern in which South Korean presidents enjoy imperial power early in their term, but became fragile and impotent as their term comes to an end.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on the previous literature on Korean presidentialism, this paper introduces and critically compares several competing theories on the Korean presidency and its defects.

Findings
This paper finds that for Korean presidents, imperial governance and fragility represent two sides of the same coin, like a Janus face. These two seemingly competing descriptions of the Korean presidency are not actually contradictory.

Originality/value
This paper investigates how Korean presidents are imperial with regard to constitutional design as well as political behavior, and presents a logic of transformation from an imperial president to a fragile one, focusing on party politics and election cycles.
Screening ability of private insurers in the federal crop insurance program
Authors: Park Sangkyun 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to scrutinize the structure of the federal crop insurance program and test whether participating private insurers screen insurance buyers better than the federal agency.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper regresses the claim payout on the risk share of private insurers in insurance pools and other relevant variables. The claim payout should be negatively related with the private insurers’ risk share if private insurers screen insurance buyers better than the federal agency.

Findings
The payout rates are significantly lower for reinsurance funds with higher risk shares of AIPs, and the relationship between the two variables is not affected much by the aggregate yield (similar relationship in good crop years and bad crop years).

Practical implications
The federal government could improve the effectiveness and the efficiency of the crop insurance program by restructuring its delivery system.

Originality/value
The novel contributions of this paper include estimating the economic significance of private insurers’ screening advantage and showing that the economic significance is similar in good crop years and bad crop years.
A multilevel analysis of individual and organizational factors that influence the relationship between career development and job-performance improvement
Authors: Lee Yunsoo , Lee Jae Young 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate individual and organizational factors that influence the relationship between career development and job performance improvement.

Design/methodology/approach
This study adopts multilevel analysis, using the 2013 Human Capital Corporate Panel data set compiled by the Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education and Training.

Findings
Taking into consideration 572 employees over 61 companies, our findings reveal that job satisfaction and organizational commitment are significant individual factors that affect job performance through career development. Moreover, mentoring/coaching is found to be an organizational factor that influences job performance improvement through career development, while job rotation interferes with job performance through career development.

Research limitations/implications
The framework of the present study is consistent with the framework for organizational career development created by McDonald and Hite (2016), which emphasizes considering both organizational and individual factors together.

Practical implications
The results of this study provide empirical evidence and practical implications for leaders, line managers and human resource managers who are responsible for employees’ career development when they plan career development interventions.

Originality/value
This study offers a conceptual framework for career development, paying special attention to multi-level development.
Preservation of microbial DNA in marine sediments: insights from extracellular DNA pools
Authors: Torti Andrea , Jørgensen Bo Barker , Lever Mark Alexander 
Published: September 2018

SummaryMarine sediments harbour extracellular DNA (exDNA) not associated with currently living organisms. Including this exDNA in genetic surveys may distort abundance and diversity estimates of living prokaryotic communities. We separately extract exDNA and intracellular DNA (inDNA) from 11 horizons in a 10‐m deep sediment core from Aarhus Bay (Denmark) that spans > 9000 years of Holocene sedimentation. We compare depth profiles of bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA gene compositions to those of macrofaunal activity (bioturbation), sulfate and methane concentrations, sediment age and lithology. Among these variables, bioturbation shows the strongest relationship with the two DNA pools. In bioturbated surface sediments, the majority of Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) present in exDNA is absent from inDNA, thus belonging to microorganisms that were not alive at the time of sampling. Below the bioturbation zone, the two DNA pools display a much higher phylogenetic similarity. At all depths, the majority of exDNA and inDNA sequences show highest sequence similarities to sediment microorganisms, a finding that is additionally supported by separate analyses on low‐ and high‐molecular weight exDNA. Our results indicate that in Aarhus Bay the vast majority of prokaryotic exDNA is turned over, thus not contributing to a genetic archive of past environmental change.
Modélisation de la prévision du stress financier du système bancaire des pays de l'UEMOA: Evidence empirique du rôle des facteurs institutionnels
Authors: Gbenou Kpégo Didier Anatole 
Published: September 2018

RésuméCet article examine le rôle des facteurs institutionnels dans la prévision du stress financier du système bancaire dans l'UEMOA. A cet égard, des modèles logit sur données de panel estimés par les maximums de vraisemblance conditionnelle et non conditionnelle, ont été utilisés. Les résultats montrent que la qualité des institutions, notamment la voix citoyenne et responsabilité, la stabilité politique, l'efficacité des pouvoirs publics, la qualité de la régulation et la maîtrise de la corruption réduisent la probabilité de l'occurrence du stress financier du système bancaire. Par contre, la détérioration du compte courant et la volatilité du PIB réel et du taux d'inflation augmentent cette probabilité. Ces résultats suggèrent de promouvoir des institutions structurées, fortes, stables et efficaces, pour assurer la résilience dudit système.
Selection of Higher Risk Pregnancies into Veterans Health Administration Programs: Discoveries from Linked Department of Veterans Affairs and California Birth Data
Authors: Shaw Jonathan G. , Joyce Vilija R. , Schmitt Susan K. , Frayne Susan M. , Shaw Kate A. , Danielsen Beate , Kimerling Rachel , Asch Steven M. , Phibbs Ciaran S. 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveTo describe variation in payer and outcomes in Veterans’ births.Data/SettingSecondary data analyses of deliveries in California, 2000–2012.Study DesignWe performed a retrospective, population‐based study of all live births to Veterans (confirmed via U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) enrollment records), to identify payer and variations in outcomes among: (1) Veterans using VA coverage and (2) Veteran vs. all other births. We calculated odds ratios (aOR) adjusted for age, race, ethnicity, education, and obstetric demographics.MethodsWe anonymously linked VA administrative data for all female VA enrollees with California birth records.Principal FindingsFrom 2000 to 2012, we identified 17,495 births to Veterans. VA covered 8.6 percent (1,508), Medicaid 17.3 percent, and Private insurance 47.6 percent. Veterans who relied on VA health coverage had more preeclampsia (aOR 1.4, CI 1.0–1.8) and more cesarean births (aOR 1.2, CI 1.0–1.3), and, despite similar prematurity, trended toward more neonatal intensive care (NICU) admissions (aOR 1.2, CI 1.0–1.4) compared to Veterans using other (non‐Medicaid) coverage. Overall, Veterans’ birth outcomes (all‐payer) mirrored California's birth outcomes, with the exception of excess NICU care (aOR 1.15, CI 1.1–1.2).ConclusionsVA covers a higher risk fraction of Veterans’ births, justifying maternal care coordination and attention to the maternal–fetal impacts of Veterans’ comorbidities.