bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gelsolin as a Potential Biomarker for Endoscopic Activity and Mucosal Healing in Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Shokry Fanous Monica Nagy , Musa Nevine Ibrahim , Allam Ahmed Samir , Ghait Shady Samir 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
UC is a chronic, relapsing and remitting inflammatory condition of the colon. The diagnosis of UC is based on signs, symptoms, endoscopic evaluation, and histologic parameters. Accurate diagnosis and disease staging are important as these affect treatment options and prognosis. The main target in UC treatment is mucosal healing, which is related to long-term remission, reduced rates of hospitalization, and colectomy. Despite the advantages in the management of UC over the past few decades, much less has been achieved in the diagnosis and monitoring of the disease where colonoscopy remains the “gold standard” method. Therefore, a non-invasive marker correlating with mucosal healing is being sought.

Aim of the Work
to evaluate the role of serum gelsolin level (SGN) as a simple, easy, and available predictor for mucosal healing in patients with ulcerative colitis as compared to endoscopic scores and other widely used laboratory biomarkers.

Patients and Methods
The present study was conducted on 40 patients with clinical, biochemical, and endoscopic active UC and followed up during disease activity and remission. All patients were subjected to full history taking, clinical examination, routine laboratory investigations, ESR and CRP, CBC, fecal calprotectin, SGN, colonoscopy and biopsies with histopathological examination.

Results
The current study revealed a statistically significantly higher TLC, Platelet count, CRP, ESR and Fecal calprotectin among disease activity in relation to remission. However, serum gelsolin level, hemoglobin and albumin levels were statistically significantly lower in activity patients in comparison to remission patients. There was no statistically significant relation between SGN and gender, different laboratory parameters. There was statistically significant relation between SGN and mayo endoscopic sore as it has the highest level in MES 0. In the present study, SGN was found to be higher in patients with clinical and endoscopic remission and healing with statistically significant correlation with endoscopic mucosal scores representing mucosal healing like Mayo score and UCEIS and may be a possible useful marker for predicting endoscopic activity and mucosal healing in UC patients. It would be more helpful when used together with serum laboratory inflammatory indices (ESR, CRP and fecal calprotectin).

Conclusion
Serum gelsolin level can be used for prediction of mucosal healing in ulcerative colitis and endoscopic activity. A greater sample size would have resulted in more reliable subgroup analyses for UC. Larger studies are needed to be conducted to be conclude correlation between SGN and endoscopic scores and microscopic histopathological scores
Plasma Fibrinogen as a Diagnostic Marker in Sample Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Hosni Salwa Seddik , Bahaaeldin Ahmed Mohamed , Elhalawany Salah Hussein , Bios Mark Nabil , Bayomi Mostafa Magdy Elsayed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Diabetes, a heterogeneous metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, poses a significant global health challenge. Diabetic neuropathy, a nerve damage condition associated with diabetes, presents various clinical symptoms and contributes to the burden of diabetic complications.

Aim of the Work
The aim of the study to identify the relationship between the level of plasma fibrinogen and occurrence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Patients and Methods
A case-control study included 60 type 2 diabetic patients, equally divided into two groups: those with diabetic neuropathy (Group 2) and those without neuropathy (Group 1). Several clinical and laboratory parameters were evaluated, including age, gender, diabetes duration, smoking habits, BMI, glycemic profile, lipid profile, fundus examination findings, and severity of neuropathic symptoms. Plasma fibrinogen levels were measured, and statistical analyses were performed.

Results
In our study, we found no significant differences between groups in age (p = 0.507), gender (p = 0.592), smoking (p = 0.389), and hypertension (p = 0.432). However, patients with diabetic neuropathy had longer diabetes duration (p = 0.019*). While BMI (p = 0.069) and mean arterial pressure (p = 0.265) showed no significant differences, diabetic neuropathy patients exhibited higher fasting blood glucose (p = 0.013*), 2 H PP blood glucose (p = 0.033*), HBA1C (p &gt; 0.001), total cholesterol (p = 0.017*), triglycerides (p = 0.025*), and LDL (p = 0.019*), with lower HDL (p = 0.010) and higher albumin/creat ratio (p = 4.773*). Serum fibrinogen was significantly elevated in diabetic neuropathy patients, especially in those with more severe symptoms and PDR (p &lt; 0.001*). Additionally, fibrinogen correlated positively with age (p = 0.009), diabetes duration (p &lt; 0.001), fasting and 2 H PP blood glucose (p = 0.007, p = 0.010), HBA1C (p &lt; 0.001), total cholesterol (p = 0.03), triglycerides (p = 0.022), LDL (p = 0.013), albumin/creat ratio (p = 0.002), and inversely with HDL (p = 0.016). Regression analysis identified diabetes duration as the most significant predictor of hyperfibrinogenemia (p = 0.007). Serum fibrinogen &gt;2.8 showed high sensitivity and specificity in predicting diabetic neuropathy, suggesting its potential as a diagnostic marker for this condition. Kidney function parameters, eGFR and creatinine levels, showed no significant differences between the two groups. Serum fibrinogen was significantly elevated in diabetic neuropathy patients, especially in those with more severe symptoms and PDR (p &lt; 0.001*).

Conclusion
Our study had given us an Abstract about the role of the plasma fibrinogen in prediction the occurrence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, which help in control and management of this microvascular complication.
Role of Human Beta-Defensin 2 (HBD2) in the Diagnosis and Monitoring Activity of Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Shawky Nora Magdy , Youssef Tarek Mohamed , Elshafie Ahmed Ibrahim Mohamed , Ahmed Ahmed Elmetwally 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic, relapsing and debilitating condition that have significant impact on quality of life. It is characterised by superficial inflammation limited to the mucosa of the colon.

Aim of the Work
to evaluate the role of human beta-defensin 2 (HBD2) in the diagnosis and monitoring activity of ulcerative colitis.

Patients and Methods
This was a Case Control study that was conducted at Internal Medicine and Hepatology Department at Ain Shams University Hospitals. The study was performed on 30 patients who had ulcerative colitis and a group of 30 healthy subjects as a reference range for HBD2 marker.

Results
The mean age of cases with UC was 29.8 years, while control subjects had a slightly higher mean age of 33.9 years. However, this age difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.155). Furthermore, the distribution of males and females in the UC group (50% each) and the control group (53.3% male and 46.7% female) did not show a significant difference (p = 0.796). No significant differences between the studied groups regarding age, sex, smoking and comorbidities. Mean±SD of ulcerative colitis Duration (years) and Motions number / day was 7.0±4.0 and 6.3±1.4 respectively. Pain, Arthralgia and Bloody diarrhea were the most frequent presentation (100.0%, 60.0% and 60.0% respectively).

Conclusion
Based on these findings, it can be concluded that HBD2 is a valuable marker for the diagnosis and monitoring of UC, showing superior diagnostic performance compared to fecal calprotectin.
Plasma Hpg80 (Circulating Progastrin) as a Novel Diagnostic Biomarker for Early and Intermediate Stages of HCC
Authors: Zaky Gohar Askar Radwa Samy , Abdel Aziz Mahmoud Hossam El Din , El-Gaaly Sonya Ahmed , Hashem Walaa Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and the most common primary malignant tumour of the liver. It is the second leading cause of cancer related deaths in the world. It occurs most commonly on top of a cirrhotic liver due to chronic HCV infection.

Aim of the Work
to evaluate the diagnostic value of progastrin in patients with HCC at early and intermediate stages.

Patients and Methods
The study was conducted upon 80 subjects who were divided into three groups: group I included 30 patients with clinically diagnosed HCC at early stages (stage 0 and stage A by BCLC staging system), group II 30 patients with clinically diagnosed HCC at intermediate stage (stage B) and group III 20 apparently healthy subjects

Results
Our analysis showed that the mean levels of progastrin was higher in patients with HCC (group A and group B) compared with control group (759.330 ± 582.929) and 510.577± 255.168 vs 33.943 ± 14.692 ng/ml respectively) which was statistically significant (P-value less than 0.001). This strengthens our conclusion about the possibility of using progastrin as a novel biomarker for diagnosis of HCC.

Conclusion
Serum progastrin alone or in combination with AFP improves diagnostic evaluation of HCC patients. progastrin is easily detectable in the plasma and could be tested throughout the patient’s journey to potentially identify patients who may need a deeper biological assessment at an acceptable economic cost. Further ongoing studies will warrant that the evaluation.
Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19 and Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Shoaib Elsheikh Shoaib Hamada , Nashaat Ehab Hassan , Mohammed Ahmed Elsaedy , Mahmoud Abdelnabi Kareem Ahmed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. While pre-existing conditions contribute to COVID-19 severity, the impact of liver disease on outcomes remains unclear. The global impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has prompted investigations into its association with pre- existing conditions. Notably, the influence of liver disease on COVID-19 outcomes remains poorly understood.

Aim of the Work
to study the clinical outcomes of covid-19 in the cirrhotic patients

Patients and Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of COVID-19 patients with liver disease, liver cirrhosis, and COVID-19 without liver involvement. Demographics, comorbidities, laboratory results, and imaging findings were assessed.

Results
Significant variations in biochemical markers were observed among the groups. AST, ALT, and bilirubin levels demonstrated distinct patterns in patients with liver cirrhosis compared to those without liver involvement. These findings underscore the need to consider liver function parameters when assessing COVID-19 patients. Liver cirrhosis appears to correlate with worse COVID-19 outcomes. Altered biochemical markers and inflammatory responses in cirrhosis warrant further investigation. This retrospective study underscores the importance of understanding liver disease's implications for COVID-19. Liver cirrhosis patients exhibit unique biochemical profiles that contribute to their outcomes.

Conclusion
in this retrospective analysis, we shed light on the potential impact of underlying liver disease, particularly cirrhosis, on COVID-19 outcomes. The distinct biochemical profiles observed in patients with liver cirrhosis suggest that liver status may influence disease severity. As the COVID-19 pandemic evolves, understanding these interactions becomes pivotal for tailored patient care.
Assessment of Lysosome-Associated Membrane Protein (LAMP5) in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients and Correlation to Prognosis and Outcome
Authors: El Afifi Amal Mostafa , Mohamed Haidy Sayed , Ibrahim Ibrahim Rakha Nahed Moawad , Abbas Rana Zakaria , Salah Mahmoud Shrouk Mahmoud 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Multiple myeloma is a neoplastic plasma cell disorder that is characterized by clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. Despite improved survival rates in the past decade, therapy is not curative, and almost all patients relapse.

Aim of the Work
In our study, we will measure level of (LAMP5) in multiple myloma patients using ELISA and correlation with patient data and outcome and prognosis.

Patients and Methods
This case control study was conducted on 32 patients with multiple myloma recruited from Ain Shams University Hospitals, Clinical Haematology and Oncology division of Internal Medicine Department in a period starting from august 2023 and January 2024. They were 21 females (65.6%) and 11 males (34.4%) with age ranged from 35 - 79 years and with mean±SD of 58.66±10.48 years.

Results
In our study a statistically significant difference was found. The mean LAMP5 in the case group is much higher than in the control group (p &lt; 0.0001) suggesting that LAMP5 is highly expressed in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients using ELISA. In our study we found no correlation between LAMP5 overexpression and initial percentage of plasma cells infiltrating bonemarrow in aspirate, immunophenotyping and trephine. There was no correlation between highly expressed LAMP5 and initial percentage of M band and type of the band detected by immunofixation.

Conclusion
Along side with LAMP5 being highly expressed in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients in our study with cut off point &gt;1.96, it has 100% sensitivity and 96.87 specificity and we still need more sample size for better evaluation of its role in progression of myeloma and overall survival and prognosis.
Prevalence of Neurotic Disorders in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Cross-Sectional Study in an Egyptian Sample
Authors: Abd El-Aziz Azza Abd El-Nasser , El-din Abd El-Monem Mohamed Hossam , El-Hafeez Mohammed Aly Abd , Mohamed Abdelrahman Mohsen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, autoimmune inflammatory disease of the CNS. It is the most common chronic disabling disease of the CNS in young adults, affecting 2.3 million people worldwide. It is two times more common in females than in males and its onset is usually at young ages, namely around 30 years of age. Its most frequent and typical initial forms of presentation are neuritis optica or arrays of sensory-motor symptoms. Nevertheless, a small minority of patients (about 1%) experience changes in mood, behaviour, personality, or cognition as initial manifestations of MS. In contrast, as cases of MS progress, neuropsychiatric symptoms are very likely to appear; estimates indicate that they will affect two-thirds of all patients at some point.

Objective
To determine the percent and severity of neurotic disorders in a sample of Egyptian multiple sclerosis patients.

Patients and Methods
We conducted this observational cross sectional study at Nasr City health insurance outpatient clinic and MS unit at Ain Shams university Hospitals. We included 100 MS patients of all types according to McDonald's criteria (The 2017 revisions), adult age group above 18 years old. We excluded patients with other diseases that could clearly affect the patient psychiatric condition prior to the diagnosis of MS and patients with recent drug intake that could clearly affect psychiatric condition other than for documented psychiatric disease or MS.

Results
The current study shows that anxiety, and OCD are frequent among patients with MS in Egypt. There was significant relationship between development of neurotic illnesses and feeling pain/discomfort, also between development of neurotic illnesses and reporting anxiety/depression.

Conclusion
The current study shows that depression, anxiety, and OCD are frequent among patients with MS in Egypt. The results of this study are important for the improvement of the clinical management of MS patients. The psychiatric state of patients in this group should be investigated systematically, simultaneously with the assessment of their neurological state. Clinicians should have more focus on neurotic symptoms among people with MS disease to develop appropriate treatments for those patients. Finally, support programs should be made available for patients with MS to ensure adequate coping with the disease.
Emotional State among Parents of Children with Type 1 Diabetes and its Association with Disease Control
Authors: Shaaban Amira Rizk , El-Sehrawy Tarek Mohammed , Hashem Reem El-Sayed , ElNahas Gihan Medhat 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Type 1 diabetes is one of the commonest chronic childhood diseases. It can be diagnosed at any age; peaks in onset occur between 5 and 7 years of age and near puberty. The aim of this work was to assess psychological distress in parents of children with T1DM in comparison to parents of non-diabetic children and to assess the impact of parent's stress on control of diabetes on their children.

Methods
This comparative cross-sectional study was carried out on 105 parents of children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes recruited from diabetes clinic and 105 parents of non-diabetic children recruited from general paediatric clinic, age of parents was from 25 to 45 years and of child was from 2 to 5 years, both sexes. Participants were divided in to two equal groups: group A: parents of children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (case group). Group B: parents of non-diabetic children (control group).

Results
There was statistically significant increase in the percentage of parents with moderate stress in cases group [83 (79%)] than in control group [68 (65.4%)] and also increase in the percentage of severe cases in control group [29 (27.9%)] than cases group [10 (9.5%)] with p-value = 0.002. Also, no statistically significant difference found between both groups regarding assessment of anxiety by Hamilton anxiety rating scale with p-value = 0.420. While there was statistically significant increase in the percentage of parents with severe depression assessed by Beck depression Inventory II among parents of cases group [27 (25.7%)] than parents of control group 1 (1%) with p-value &lt;0.001. While there was statistically significant increase in the percentage of parents with no depression assessed by Beck depression Inventory II among parents of cases group [40 (38.1%)] than parents of control group 0 (0%) with p-value &lt;0.001. There was statistically significant positive correlation between perceived stress scale and Hamilton anxiety rating scale and also Beck depression inventory scale. Also, there was statistically significant positive correlation found between Hamilton anxiety rating scale and beck depression inventory scale.

Conclusions
Parents of diabetic children are at increased risk for stress, depression and anxiety which in turn negatively affect control of diabetes in children.
Correlation between Headache and COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Khalil Salma Hameed , Farag Shereen Mohammed , Sakr Mohammed Abdelfattah , Youssef Aya Elsayed Mohammed Ali 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
In Wuhan, China's Hubei Province's capital, 1st cases of unidentified severe pneumonia had been noted in December2019. On March 11, 2020, WHO formally dubbed the illness Coronavirus Disease 2019 & called it a pandemic. Numerous respiratory viruses are found to be able to invade the CNS over time (neuroinvasion). majority of them can cause neurological illnesses by infecting neurons & glial cells (neurotropism).

Objective
To assess the relationship between COVID-19 severity & headache characteristics & The secondary goal had been to look for any linkage among the occurrence of headache & disease severity.

Patients and Methods
This research had been conducted on50 studied cases suffering from headaches within 6 months after diagnosis of Covid-19 according to ICDH-III criteria of headache, with a mean age of 44.68 ± 18.33 years, with female predominance (60%).

Results
60% of patients had a worse headache with fever, 24% fever had no effect on headache and 16% fever decreased with headache. Paracetamol use induced headache improvement in 76% of the study patients, while in 24% no effect was observed. Headache onset had a highly significant correlation with fever, while headache onset had an insignificant correlation with paracetamol use. In current research, birth date and gender had insignificant effects on headache onset, frequency, and duration. COVID-19 severity had a highly significant effect on headache onset. Headache severity and frequency among this study's participants showed highly significant differences as regards headache onset. However, headache duration had an insignificant correlation with headache onset. In the present study, age had a highly significant relationship to COVID-19 severity. Sex showed a non-significant relationship to COVID-19 severity.

Conclusion
COVID-19 infection severity had a highly significant correlation with post-COVID headache onset, severity, and frequency. Also, it has a significant relationship to headache duration. The birth date has a significant relationship to post-COVID headache characters; however, gender has a non- significant relationship to post-COVID headache onset, severity, frequency, and duration.
Personality Disorders in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder and Association to Suicide
Authors: Rizk Enas Shafaey Mohamed , Omar Abd El Nasser Mahmoud , Awaad Mona Ibrahim , Hashem Reem El Sayed Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Major depressive disorder ranks as the fourth leading cause of disability worldwide and is one of the most common psychiatric disorders. Personality disorders, though less common than MDD, also appear highly prevalent. Several studies have examined the prevalence of suicidal behaviors in patients with MDD, but the prevalence range varied widely from 7.3to 48.4%.

Objective of the Study
This study aimed to assess type of PD among MDD patients, study the association between presence of PD co-morbid with MDD and level of functioning of the patients, investigate the relationship between PDs and risk of suicide in patients with MDD.

Patients and Methods
This Cross-sectional observational study included 120 patients diagnosed as MDD according to SCID-I assessment DSM IV were recruited then they were assessed severity of depression using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and tested for the presence of Personality Disorders using SCID-II and assessed level of functioning according to GAF, and suicidality using Columbia- Suicide Severity Rating Scale assessment.

Results
Comorbid personality disorder was detected in 67.5% of patients (16.6% of patients had single comorbid personality disorder, while 50.8% of patients had Mixed PD). The most diagnosed PDs were Cluster B PDs (borderline personality disorder and narcissistic personality disorder) followed by Cluster C PD avoidant personality disorder (73.3%, 66.7%, 54.2% of patients respectively). Mixed PD had significant effect on level of functioning GAF of the MDD patients. Mixed PD had significant effect on suicidal thoughts and suicidal attempts.

Conclusion
Personality disorders showed significant impact on mental health status particularly depressive manifestations. Moreover, personality disorders and MDD exert marked effect on patients’ functionality and increase chance of suicidality.