bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Life satisfaction in young adults with cancer and the role of sociodemographic, medical, and psychosocial factors: Results of a longitudinal study
Authors: Leuteritz Katja , Friedrich Michael , Sender Annekathrin , Nowe Erik , Stoebel‐Richter Yve , Geue Kristina 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUNDBeing diagnosed with and treated for cancer often has a strong impact on the life satisfaction (LS) of adolescents and young adults (AYAs). The current study investigated LS in AYA patients with cancer and determined associated factors.METHODSYoung patients (those aged 18‐39 years at the time of diagnosis) with all malignant cancer sites and with a diagnosis made within the last 4 years were assessed. LS was measured at 2 measuring time points using the Questions on Life Satisfaction (FLZ‐M). Differences in the FLZ‐M and the 10 subdomains (friends/acquaintances, leisure activities/hobbies, health, income/financial security, work/profession, housing situation, family life, children/family planning, partnership, and sexuality) between the 2 time points were calculated. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to determine factors associated with LS.RESULTSA total of 514 patients (386 of whom were women) with a mean age at diagnosis of 29.6 years participated at both measurements. LS increased significantly in 5 domains with a small effect (Hedges g, 0.17) noted over time. The subdomains with the lowest LS were financial and professional situation, family planning, and sexuality. Significant associations with LS were found at baseline for sociodemographic, medical, and psychosocial variables (explained variance [R2]baseline = 0.41). At follow‐up, psychosocial factors (positive social support, not having detrimental interactions, and lower perceived adjustment to the disease) remained most important for higher LS controlled for LS at baseline. Neither sociodemographic (except partnership) nor medical factors played a role (R2
follow‐up = 0.54).CONCLUSIONSOf all the variables examined, social support was found to be the most decisive factor associated with LS at both time points. With regard to LS, social support and adjustment to illness should be given more consideration in the medical care of AYA patients with cancer.
Quantifying the relationship between optical anatomy and retinal physiological sensitivity: A comparative approach
Authors: Rosencrans Robert F. , Leslie Caitlin E. , Perkins Keith A. , Walkowski Whitney , Gordon William C. , Richards‐Zawacki Corinne L. , Bazan Nicolas G. , Farris Hamilton E. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractLight intensity varies 1 million‐fold between night and day, driving the evolution of eye morphology and retinal physiology. Despite extensive research across taxa showing anatomical adaptations to light niches, surprisingly few empirical studies have quantified the relationship between such traits and the physiological sensitivity to light. In this study, we employ a comparative approach in frogs to determine the physiological sensitivity of eyes in two nocturnal (Rana pipiens, Hyla cinerea) and two diurnal species (Oophaga pumilio, Mantella viridis), examining whether differences in retinal thresholds can be explained by ocular and cellular anatomy. Scotopic electroretinogram (ERG) analysis of relative b‐wave amplitude reveals 10‐ to 100‐fold greater light sensitivity in nocturnal compared to diurnal frogs. Ocular and cellular optics (aperture, focal length, and rod outer segment dimensions) were assessed via the Land equation to quantify differences in optical sensitivity. Variance in retinal thresholds was overwhelmingly explained by Land equation solutions, which describe the optical sensitivity of single rods. Thus, at the b‐wave, stimulus‐response thresholds may be unaffected by photoreceptor convergence (which create larger, combined collecting areas). Follow‐up experiments were conducted using photopic ERGs, which reflect cone vision. Under these conditions, the relative difference in thresholds was reversed, such that diurnal species were more sensitive than nocturnal species. Thus, photopic data suggest that rod‐specific adaptations, not ocular anatomy (e.g., aperture and focal distance), drive scotopic thresholds differences. To the best of our knowledge, these data provide the first quantified relationship between optical and physiological sensitivity in vertebrates active in different light regimes.
Application specific extension of the MCRI: Memory colors and preferred colors of reddish meat products
Authors: Smet Kevin A. G. , Roelandts Inge , Teunissen Kees , Poort Simone , Hanselaer Peter 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis article explores the possibility of extending the memory color rendition index (MCRI) for specific applications. The memory colors and preferred colors of three types of meat products (ham sausage, chicken breast and raw hamburger) have been derived in a psychophysical rating experiment. The rating data have been modeled by modified bivariate Gaussian functions from which similarity functions have been derived. These functions, which predict the degree of similarity with respect to the memory color or preferred color of the meat products, have been used to evaluate the color quality of four commercially available meat lighting lamps. It was found that predicted color quality depends on the illuminance level, indicating that illuminance level is a potentially important aspect of color rendition evaluation, one that is not taken into account by most color rendition indices.
Application of Isothermal Nucleic Acid Signal Amplification in the Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma‐Associated MicroRNA
Authors: Mao Dongsheng , Chen Hong , Tang Yingying , Li Jingwen , Cao Ya , Zhao Jing 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common type of malignant tumor with high incidence and mortality, and is the third leading cause of cancer‐related death in human. High‐precision detection of tumor markers, such as microRNA (miRNA), is expected to contribute to the early diagnosis of HCC as well as improve the survival rate of HCC patients. In recent years, great effort has been made to develop different methods to detect HCC‐associated miRNA, in which signal amplification strategies are incorporated to realize high sensitivity. Among them, isothermal nucleic acid signal amplification is an emerging signal amplification technology which has the advantages of high amplification efficiency, good reproducibility, and easy operation for real‐time analysis. Herein, we provide an overview of the advances in the application of isothermal nucleic acid signal amplification in HCC‐associated miRNA detection by highlighting several representative works in recent years.
Characterization of Membrane Proteins Using Cryo‐Electron Microscopy
Authors: Carvalho Vanessa , Pronk Joachim W. , Engel Andreas H. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe steep increase of atomic scale structures determined by 3D cryo‐electron microscopy (EM) deposited in the EMDataBank documents progress of a methodology that was frustratingly slow ten years ago. While sample vitrification on grids has been successfully used in all EM laboratories for decades, beam damage remains a road block. Developments in instrumentation and software to exploit the information carried by elastically scattered electrons made the task to achieve atomic scale resolution easier. This together with the development of fast single electron detecting cameras has resulted in unprecedented possibilities for structure determination by 3D cryo‐EM. With such technologies in place, the purification of membrane protein complexes in a functional state is key to collecting atomic scale structural information and insight into the chemistry of physiological processes. Therefore, we focus here on the preparation of membrane proteins for structural analyses by 3D cryo‐EM and the data acquisition of such vitrified samples. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Synthesis and Morphology Evolution of Ultrahigh Content Nitrogen‐Doped, Micropore‐Dominated Carbon Materials as High‐Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Wang De‐Gao , Wang Huan , Lin Yi , Yu Guipeng , Song Min , Zhong Wenbin , Kuang Gui‐Chao 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNitrogen‐doped carbon‐based materials including nanocarbons, graphene, and conductive polymers are impressive as supercapacitor electrodes. However, ultrahigh nitrogen contents, micropore dominated, and morphology evolving carbonaceous electrodes have not achieved until now which are crucial for supercapacitor. Herein, we prepare a novel fumaronitrile (FUM) derived covalent triazine framework (FUM‐CTF) and activated it by using KOH at different temperatures to obtain the corresponding carbon materials, which were used as supercapacitor electrode materials. Specially, the FUM‐700 (sample activated at 700 °C) possesses an excellent specific capacitance of 400 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1 and considerable energy density over 18 Wh kg−1 in KOH (6 m) aqueous electrolyte. In addition, this electrode shows 260 F g−1 at a current density of 20 A g−1 for charge/discharge operation. Furthermore, the FUM‐700 electrode demonstrates extraordinary electrochemical stability with 97 % retention after 10 000 cycles at 10 A g−1. Ultrahigh nitrogen contents, the microporous structure, and the inner nanoparticle morphology work in concert to contribute to the superior electrochemical performance of FUM‐700. Our work might give some hints to help design other high‐performance nitrogen‐containing supercapacitor electrode materials.
Prospective health associations of drive for muscularity in young adult males
Authors: Eik‐Nes Trine Tetlie , Austin S. Bryn , Blashill Aaron J. , Murray Stuart B. , Calzo Jerel P. 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to estimate prospective associations of drive for muscularity measured in 2013 and related health outcomes (depressive symptoms, overeating, binge eating, purging, binge drinking, and use of muscle‐building products [e.g., creatine and steroids]) measured in 2014.MethodThe data come from a U.S. national large prospective cohort study, the Growing Up Today Study (GUTS) and included 2,460 males aged 18–32 years. Muscularity concerns were assessed with The Drive for Muscularity Scale (item responses ranging from 1 = Never to 6 = Always), which measures the degree of the respondents' preoccupation with increasing their muscularity.ResultsGay and bisexual males presented with higher drive for muscularity compared to heterosexual males (β = 0.30, 95% CI = 0.17, 0.43, p < .0001). Prospective analysis using generalized estimating equations indicated that each unit increase in drive for muscularity was associated with increased odds of exhibiting significant depressive symptoms (OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.05–1.44, p = .01), binge drinking (OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.02–1.45, p = .03), dieting (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.35, p = .04), and use of muscle‐building products (OR = 4.49, 95% CI = 3.74, 5.40, p < .0001).DiscussionThe drive for muscularity appears to be relatively prevalent across adolescence and early adulthood in males and is associated with broad and substantial health consequences. Muscularity‐oriented concerns should be carefully considered when assessing and treating males with body image dissatisfaction.
Negative relationships between species richness and temporal variability are common but weak in natural systems
Authors: Houlahan J. E. , Currie D. J. , Cottenie K. , Cumming G. S. , Findlay C. S. , Fuhlendorf S. D. , Legendre P. , Muldavin E. H. , Noble D. , Russell R. , Stevens R. D. , Willis T. J. , Wondzell S. M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractEffects of species diversity on population and community stability (or more precisely, the effects of species richness on temporal variability) have been studied for several decades, but there have been no large‐scale tests in natural communities of predictions from theory. We used 91 data sets including plants, fish, small mammals, zooplankton, birds, and insects, to examine the relationship between species richness and temporal variability in populations and communities. Seventy‐eight of 91 data sets showed a negative relationship between species richness and population variability; 46 of these relationships were statistically significant. Only five of the 13 positive richness‐population variability relationships were statistically significant. Similarly, 51 of 91 data sets showed a negative relationship between species richness and community variability; of these, 26 were statistically significant. Seven of the 40 positive richness–community‐variability relationships were statistically significant. We were able to test transferability (i.e., the predictive ability of models for sites that are spatially distinct from sites that were used to build the models) for 69 of 91 data sets; 35 and 31 data sets were transferable at the population and community levels, respectively. Only four were positive at the population level, and two at the community level. We conclude that there is compelling evidence of a negative relationship between species richness and temporal variability for about one‐half of the ecological communities we examined. However, species richness explained relatively little of the variability in population or community abundances and resulted in small improvements in predictive ability.
When Crystals Go Nano – The Role of Advanced X‐ray Total Scattering Methods in Nanotechnology
Authors: Bertolotti Federica , Moscheni Daniele , Guagliardi Antonietta , Masciocchi Norberto 
Published: September 2018

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Norberto Masciocchi of the University of Insubria, and collaborator Antonella Guagliardi of the Institute of Crystallography of the National Research Council (CNR), Como, Italy, co‐founders of To.Sca.Lab. The cover image shows the colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals studied by advanced X‐ray Total Scattering methods and reciprocal‐space data analysis.
Holey MoS2 Nanosheets with Photocatalytic Metal Rich Edges by Ambient Electrospray Deposition for Solar Water Disinfection
Authors: Sarkar Depanjan , Mondal Biswajit , Som Anirban , Ravindran Swathy Jakka , Jana Sourav Kanti , Manju C. K. , Pradeep Thalappil 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA new method for creating nanopores in single‐layer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets (NSs) by the electrospray deposition of silver ions on a water suspension of the former is introduced. Electrospray‐deposited silver ions react with the MoS2 NSs at the liquid–air interface, resulting in Ag2S nanoparticles which enter the solution, leaving the NSs with holes of 3–5 nm diameter. Specific reaction with the S of MoS2 NSs leads to Mo‐rich edges. Such Mo‐rich defects are highly efficient for the generation of active oxygen species such as H2O2 under visible light which causes efficient disinfection of water. 105 times higher efficiency in disinfection for the holey MoS2 NSs in comparison to normal MoS2 NSs is shown. Experiments are performed with multiple bacterial strains and a virus strain, demonstrating the utility of the method for practical applications. A conceptual prototype is also presented.
Alterations in intrinsic fronto‐thalamo‐parietal connectivity are associated with cognitive control deficits in psychotic disorders
Authors: Lencer Rebekka , Yao Li , Reilly James L. , Keedy Sarah K. , McDowell Jennifer E. , Keshavan Matcheri S. , Pearlson Godfrey D. , Tamminga Carol A. , Gershon Elliot S. , Clementz Brett A. , Lui Su , Sweeney John A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDespite a growing number of reports about alterations in intrinsic/resting brain activity observed in patients with psychotic disorders, their relevance to well‐established cognitive control deficits in this patient group is not well understood. Totally 88 clinically stabilized patients with a psychotic disorder and 50 healthy controls participated in a resting‐state magnetic resonance imaging study (rs‐MRI) and performed an antisaccade task in the laboratory to assess voluntary inhibitory control ability. Deficits on this task are a well‐established biomarker across psychotic disorders as we found in the present patient sample. First, regional cerebral function was evaluated by measuring the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) in rs‐MRI BOLD signals. We found reduced ALFF in patients in regions known to be relevant to antisaccade task performance including bilateral frontal eye fields (FEF), supplementary eye fields (SEF) and thalamus. Second, areas with ALFF alterations were used as seed areas in whole‐brain functional connectivity (FC) analysis. Altered FC was observed in a fronto‐thalamo‐parietal network that was associated with inhibition error rate in patients but not in controls. In contrast, faster time to generate a correct antisaccade was associated with FC in FEF and SEF in controls but this effect was not seen in patients. These findings establish a behavioral relevance of resting‐state fMRI findings in psychotic disorders, and extend previous reports of alterations in fronto‐thalamo‐parietal network activation during antisaccade performance seen in task‐based fMRI studies.
Prefrontal gamma oscillations reflect ongoing pain intensity in chronic back pain patients
Authors: May Elisabeth S. , Nickel Moritz M. , Ta Dinh Son , Tiemann Laura , Heitmann Henrik , Voth Isabel , Tölle Thomas R. , Gross Joachim , Ploner Markus 
Published: September 2018

AbstractChronic pain is a major health care issue characterized by ongoing pain and a variety of sensory, cognitive, and affective abnormalities. The neural basis of chronic pain is still not completely understood. Previous work has implicated prefrontal brain areas in chronic pain. Furthermore, prefrontal neuronal oscillations at gamma frequencies (60–90 Hz) have been shown to reflect the perceived intensity of longer lasting experimental pain in healthy human participants. In contrast, noxious stimulus intensity has been related to alpha (8–13 Hz) and beta (14–29 Hz) oscillations in sensorimotor areas. However, it is not fully understood how the intensity of ongoing pain as the key symptom of chronic pain is represented in the human brain. Here, we asked 31 chronic back pain patients to continuously rate their ongoing pain while simultaneously recording electroencephalography (EEG). Time–frequency analyses revealed a positive association between ongoing pain intensity and prefrontal beta and gamma oscillations. No association was found between pain and alpha or beta oscillations in sensorimotor areas. These findings indicate that ongoing pain as the key symptom of chronic pain is reflected by neuronal oscillations implicated in the subjective perception of longer lasting pain rather than by neuronal oscillations related to the processing of objective nociceptive input. The findings, thus, support a dissociation of pain intensity from nociceptive processing in chronic back pain patients. Furthermore, although possible confounds by muscle activity have to be taken into account, they might be useful for defining a neurophysiological marker of ongoing pain in the human brain.
“Becoming the man you always wanted to be”: Exploring the representation of health and masculinity in Men's Health magazine
Authors: Lewington Lily , Sebar Bernadette , Lee Jessica 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIssue addressedMen's health and lifestyle magazines are a popular medium through which hegemonic ideals of masculinity are displayed, influencing the way men behave and think about health (Crawshaw, 2007, Soc Sci Med, 65, 1606; Stibbe, 2004, Men Masc, 7, 31).MethodsThis study conducted a critical discourse analysis of Australia's most popular men's health and lifestyle magazine, Men's Health, in order to understand how health is presented to men. Six issues were examined, from April 2016 to September 2016.ResultsThree themes supporting hegemonic masculine discourses were revealed: a forged physique, (hetero)sexual prowess and career dominance. A fourth theme, the new man, was also identified revealing a shift in attitudes towards nutrition and style.ConclusionsDespite this shift in the representation of masculinity, hegemonic ideals remain dominant in the construction of Australian masculinity in this popular men's health and lifestyle magazine.So what?This study highlights the utility of Men's Health magazine in promoting health and brings into question whether the current representation of masculinity works towards improving or decreasing the health of Australian men.
Anti‐Flt1 peptide and cyanine‐conjugated gold nanoparticles for the concurrent antiangiogenic and endothelial cell proton treatment
Authors: Seo Seung‐Jun , Lee Se‐Hee , Kim Ki‐Hong , Kim Jong‐Ki 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAnti‐Flt1 peptide of GNQWFI binds to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1 or Flt1) and prevents binding of VEGF, inhibiting VEGFR1‐mediated endothelial cell migration and tube formation. Bare gold nanoparticle (AuNP) was known to have anti‐angiogenic properties by specific binding with VEGF. In this study, anti‐Flt1 peptide (GGNQWFI) and cyanine were chemically conjugated to AuNPs (Flt1@AuNP‐cyanine 5.5 or Flt1@AuNP‐hydrocyanine 5.5 [HCy5.5]) to enhance antiangiogenic properties with targeting to VEGFR‐1 as well as producing Coulomb nanoradiator therapeutic effect on the retinal endothelial cells. Anti‐Flt1 AuNP complex showed binding with VEGFR‐1 and showed more protein‐induced fluorescence enhancement (PIFE) by various VEGFs compared with bare AuNPs, suggesting enhanced antiangiogenic properties compared to bare AuNP. Nonfluorescent Flt1@AuNP‐HCy5.5 successfully reacted with reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced from Fenton reactions or a proton‐induced Coulomb nanoradiator, enabling quenching‐free oxidant fluorescence ROS imaging in HRMECs under oxidative stress. Flt1@AuNP‐HCy5.5 alone induced 50% greater cytotoxicity for HRMECs compared to bare AuNPs and 80% greater cell death by the Au‐nanoradiator effect. In conclusion, this study describes a new therapeutic anti‐Flt1 gold nanocomplex with enhanced antiangiogenic properties and nanoradiator‐mediated cytotoxicity on retinal endothelial cells. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 1272–1283, 2019.