bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Describing symptoms using the Symptom Screening in Pediatrics Tool in hospitalized children with cancer and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients
Authors: Johnston Donna L. , Hyslop Shannon , Tomlinson Deborah , Baggott Christina , Gibson Paul , Orsey Andrea , Dix David , Price Vicky , Vanan Magimairajan , Portwine Carol , Kuczynski Susan , Spiegler Brenda , Tomlinson George A. , Dupuis Laura Lee , Sung Lillian 
Published: March 2018

AbstractObjectives were to describe any bothersome symptom and severely bothersome symptoms in inpatient children with cancer and hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. We included children 8–18 years of age with cancer or HSCT recipients who were receiving active treatment for cancer, admitted to hospital, and expected to be in hospital 3 days later. We administered the self‐report Symptom Screening in Pediatrics Tool (SSPedi). We described those who identified any degree of symptom bother (at least “a little”) and those who rated the degree of bother as severe (“a lot” or “extremely”). Factors associated with severe symptoms and total SSPedi scores were examined using multiple logistic and linear regression. Among the 302 patients, 298 (98.7%) reported having any bothersome symptom and 181 (59.9%) had at least one severely bothersome symptom. In multiple regression, older children were significantly more likely to have at least one severely bothersome symptom (15–18 and 11–14 years vs. 8–10 years; P = 0.008) and to have higher total SSPedi scores (P = 0.0003). Those with relapsed disease were more likely to have at least one severely bothersome symptom (odds ratio 2.1, 95% confidence interval 1.1–4.3; P = 0.037) and HSCT recipients were more likely to have higher symptom scores (β = 3.48, standard error = 1.6; P = 0.030). Almost all children receiving cancer therapies experience bothersome symptoms and 60% have at least one severely bothersome symptom. Older children experienced more severely bothersome symptoms and higher symptom scores. Future studies should follow children longitudinally to better understand the symptom trajectory and should institute interventions to manage symptoms.
Targeting LMW‐PTP to sensitize melanoma cancer cells toward chemo‐ and radiotherapy
Authors: Lori Giulia , Paoli Paolo , Caselli Anna , Cirri Paolo , Marzocchini Riccardo , Mangoni Monica , Talamonti Cinzia , Livi Lorenzo , Raugei Giovanni 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTumor resistance to apoptosis is one the main causes of anticancer treatment failure. Previous studies showed that LMW‐PTP overexpression enhances resistance of cancer cells to traditional anticancer drugs. Today, the role of LMW‐PTP in inducing resistance to apoptosis in melanoma cells remains to be elucidated. Experimental setting include MTT assay, Annexin V/Pi method, and colony assay to assess whether silencing of LMW‐PTP improves the sensitivity of A375 to dacarbazine, 5‐FU, and radiotherapy. Pharmacological targeting of LMW‐PTP was obtained using Morin, a LMW‐PTP inhibitor. The ability of Morin to improve the effectiveness of anticancer drugs and radiotherapy was also studied. Moreover, PC3 cells were used as an alternative cellular model to confirm the data obtained with melanoma cells. We found that LMW‐PTP silencing improves the effectiveness of dacarbazine, 5‐FU, and radiotherapy. Identical results were obtained in vivo when Morin was used to target LMW‐PTP. We demonstrated that Morin synergizes with dacarbazine, improving its cytotoxic activity. However, we showed that the combined treatment, Morin‐anticancer drug, does not affect the viability of noncancerous cells. Knockdown of LMW‐PTP sensitizes also PC3 cells to docetaxel and radiotherapy. In conclusion, we showed that LMW‐PTP targeting improves effectiveness of anticancer drugs used for treatment of melanoma. Moreover, our results suggest that Morin could be used as adjuvant to improve the outcome of patients affected by metastatic melanoma.
Anti‐tumor effects of a nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug zaltoprofen on chondrosarcoma via activating peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma and suppressing matrix metalloproteinase‐2 expression
Authors: Higuchi Takashi , Takeuchi Akihiko , Munesue Seiichi , Yamamoto Norio , Hayashi Katsuhiro , Kimura Hiroaki , Miwa Shinji , Inatani Hiroyuki , Shimozaki Shingo , Kato Takashi , Aoki Yu , Abe Kensaku , Taniguchi Yuta , Aiba Hisaki , Murakami Hideki , Harashima Ai , Yamamoto Yasuhiko , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSurgical resection is the only treatment for chondrosarcomas, because of their resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; therefore, additional strategies are crucial to treat chondrosarcomas. Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a ligand‐activated transcription factor, which has been reported as a possible therapeutic target in certain malignancies including chondrosarcomas. In this study, we demonstrated that a nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug, zaltoprofen, could induce PPARγ activation and elicit anti‐tumor effects in chondrosarcoma cells. Zaltoprofen was found to induce expressions of PPARγ mRNA and protein in human chondrosarcoma SW1353 and OUMS27 cells, and induce PPARγ‐responsible promoter reporter activities. Inhibitory effects of zaltoprofen were observed on cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion, and the activity of matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP2); these effects were dependent on PPARγ activation and evidenced by silencing PPARγ. Moreover, we showed a case of a patient with cervical chondrosarcoma (grade 2), who was treated with zaltoprofen and has been free from disease progression for more than 2 years. Histopathological findings revealed enhanced expression of PPARγ and reduced expression of MMP2 after administration of zaltoprofen. These findings demonstrate that zaltoprofen could be a promising drug against the malignant phenotypes in chondrosarcomas via activation of PPARγ and inhibition of MMP2 activity.
Identification of transcriptome signature for predicting clinical response to bevacizumab in recurrent glioblastoma
Authors: Choi Seung Won , Shin Hyemi , Sa Jason K. , Cho Hee Jin , Koo Harim , Kong Doo‐Sik , Seol Ho Jun , Nam Do‐Hyun 
Published: March 2018

AbstractGlioblastomas are among the most fatal brain tumors. Although no effective treatment option is available for recurrent glioblastomas (GBMs), a subset of patients evidently derived clinical benefit from bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor. We retrospectively reviewed patients with recurrent GBM who received bevacizumab to identify biomarkers for predicting clinical response to bevacizumab. Following defined criteria, the patients were categorized into two clinical response groups, and their genetic and transcriptomic results were compared. Angiogenesis‐related gene sets were upregulated in both responders and nonresponders, whereas genes for each corresponding angiogenesis pathway were distinct from one another. Two gene sets were made, namely, the nonresponder angiogenesis gene set (NAG) and responder angiogenesis gene set (RAG), and then implemented in independent GBM cohort to validate our dataset. A similar association between the corresponding gene set and survival was observed. In NAG, COL4A2 was associated with a poor clinical outcome in bevacizumab‐treated patients. This study demonstrates that angiogenesis‐associated gene sets are composed of distinct subsets with diverse biological roles and they represent different clinical responses to anti‐angiogenic therapy. Enrichment of a distinct angiogenesis pathway may serve as a biomarker to predict patients who will derive a clinical benefit from bevacizumab.
Efatutazone and T0901317 exert synergistically therapeutic effects in acquired gefitinib‐resistant lung adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: Ni Jie , Zhou Lei‐lei , Ding Li , Zhang Xue‐qin , Zhao Xia , Li Huizi , Cao Haixia , Liu Siwen , Wang Zhuo , Ma Rong , Wu Jianzhong , Feng Jifeng 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe development of acquired EGFR‐TKI therapeutic resistance is still a serious clinical problem in the management of lung adenocarcinoma. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonists may exhibit anti‐tumor activity by transactivating genes which are closely associated with cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. However, it remains not clear whether efatutazone has similar roles in lung adenocarcinoma cells of gefitinib resistant such as HCC827‐GR and PC9‐GR. It has been demonstrated by us that efatutazone prominently increased the mRNA and protein expression of PPARγ, liver X receptor alpha (LXRα),as well as ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1 (ABCA1). In the presence of GW9662 (a specific antagonist of PPARγ) or GGPP (a specific antagonist of LXRα), efatutazone (40 μmol/L) restored the proliferation of both HCC827‐GR and PC9‐GR cells and obviously inhibited the increased protein and mRNA expression of PPAR‐gamma, LXR‐alpha, and ABCA1 induced by efatutazone. LXRα knockdown by siRNA (si‐LXRα) significantly promoted the HCC827‐GR and PC9‐GR cells proliferation, whereas incubation efatutazone with si‐LXRα restored the proliferation ability compared with the control group. In addition, combination of efatutazone and LXRα agonist T0901317 showed a synergistic therapeutic effect on lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and PPAR gamma, LXR A and ABCA1 protein expression. These results indicate that efatutazone could inhibit the cells proliferation of HCC827‐GR and PC9‐GR through PPARγ/LXRα/ABCA1 pathway, and synergistic therapeutic effect is achieved when combined with T0901317.
Two New Anti‐Proliferative C18‐Norditerpenes from the Roots of Podocarpus macrophyllus
Authors: Qi Yan‐Yan , Su Jia , Zhang Zhi‐Jun , Li Lai‐Wei , Fan Min , Zhu Yu , Wu Xing‐De , Zhao Qin‐Shi 
Published: March 2018

Activity‐guided fractionation strategy was used to investigate chemical constituents from the roots of Podocarpus macrophyllus. Successfully, two new norditerpenes, 2β‐hydroxymakilactone A (1) and 3β‐hydroxymakilactone A (2), along with ten known analogues (3 – 12) were isolated. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis including 1D‐, 2D‐NMR, and HR‐ESI‐MS data. The previously reported structure of 2,3‐dihydro‐2α‐hydroxypodolide was revised as 2,3‐dihydro‐2β‐hydroxypodolide (3) by spectroscopic analysis, and was further confirmed by X‐ray crystallographic analysis. Cytotoxic activities of all isolated compounds against five human solid tumour cell lines (AGS, HeLa, MDA‐MB‐231, HepG‐2, and PANC‐1) were evaluated. All of them exhibited anti‐proliferative activities (IC50 = 0.3 – 27 μm), except for 10. Compounds 1, 4, 5, 6, and 8 exhibited potent inhibitory activities with IC50 < 1 μm against HeLa and AGS cells.
Reconfigurable DNA Nanoswitches for Graphical Readout of Molecular Signals
Authors: Chandrasekaran Arun Richard 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis study reports a DNA nanoswitch that can be used for visual display of outputs resulting from hybridization events of specific molecular inputs. Conformational changes of the DNA nanoswitch triggered by input DNA strands yield different “pixels” that collectively produce a graphical output on an agarose gel. This system has potential in molecular computation and biosensing approaches in which individual binding results can be translated into macromolecular visual readouts.
Liver kinase B1 suppresses growth of lung cancer cells through sonic hedgehog signaling pathway
Authors: Song Kuiyuan , Zheng Guanqun , Zhao Yue 
Published: March 2018

AbstractLung cancer is one of life‐threatening cancers in the worldwide. Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) has been reported to be closely related to cancers; however, the underlying mechanism of LKB1 in lung cancer remains unclear. In our study, a LKB1 specific shRNA was employed to down‐regulate LKB1 levels and a LKB1 over‐expression plasmid was constructed to up‐regulate LKB1 levels. Thereafter, growth of lung cancer cells was assessed by MTT assay and flow cytometry. Effects of LKB1 on the activation of sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway were detected by Western blot. Effects of LKB1 on lung cancer growth and Shh signaling pathway activation were also assessed in vivo. Our results showed that LKB1 inhibited proliferation of lung cancer cells and induced their apoptosis. Moreover, LKB1 inhibited Shh signaling pathway activation. Our in vivo study also showed that LKB1 inhibited lung cancer growth in vivo and modulated Shh signaling pathway. Treatment with cyclopamine, a Shh signaling pathway inhibitor, reversed the effects of LKB1 silencing and enhanced the effects of LKB1 over‐expression. Results of our study demonstrate that LKB1 inhibits lung cancer growth in vitro and in vivo through Shh signaling pathway.
CO2 Adducts of Carbodicarbenes: Robust and Versatile Organocatalysts for Chemical Transformation of Carbon Dioxide into Heterocyclic Compounds
Authors: Liu An‐Hua , Dang Ya‐Li , Zhou Hui , Zhang Jin‐Ju , Lu Xiao‐Bing 
Published: March 2018

AbstractFour CO2 adducts of carbodicarbenes (CDCs) were first synthesized and structurally characterized by means of NMR spectroscopy, high‐resolution mass spectrometry, and FTIR spectroscopy. The introduction of 13C‐labelled CO2 confirmed the formation of the corresponding carboxylated species. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) provided detailed information on their thermal decarboxylation processes. The novel CDC–CO2 adducts were subsequently applied as robust and versatile organocatalysts for the carboxylative cyclization of CO2 with aziridines, epoxides, or propargylic alcohols, affording 2‐oxazolidinones and cyclic carbonates in good to excellent yields (51–99 %) and high functional group tolerance. TGA results together with control experiments indicate that the in situ formed free CDC by decarboxylation of the corresponding CDC–CO2 adducts plays the key role to activate the substrates by its strong Lewis basicity.
Autoamplification‐Enhanced Oxidative Kinetic Resolution of sec‐Alcohols and Alkyl Mandelates, and its Kinetic Model
Authors: Talsi Evgenii P. , Bryliakov Konstantin P. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn this contribution, the new dynamic nonlinear effect in asymmetric catalysis is discussed, manifesting itself in the oxidative kinetic resolution (OKR) of racemic secondary benzylic alcohols and alkyl mandelates with H2O2 in the presence of chiral Mn‐based catalyst, with the apparent selectivity factor (krel) of the resolution being nonconstant over the reaction course. Typically, the initial growth of krel is changed into decay at high conversions. In this contribution, we demonstrate the oxidative kinetic resolution of various substrates bearing sec‐alcoholic moieties, with the krel varying in different manners with increasing substrate conversion. We also present the predictive kinetic model of OKR with participation of asymmetric autoamplification. The influence of substrate and catalyst structure, as well as solvents and additives, on the behavior of krel variation, is discussed.
Formic Acid Decomposition over ZnPd—Implications for Methanol Steam Reforming
Authors: Kriegel René , Ivarsson Dennis C. A. , Armbrüster Marc 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSingle‐phase ZnPd with different elemental composition as well as ZnO‐supported ZnPd nanoparticles were prepared and tested concerning their catalytic properties in the formic acid decomposition with the aim to investigate a possible formate pathway in the steam reforming of methanol (MSR). Pd‐rich ZnPd showed higher catalytic activity than ZnPd with lower Pd content. All samples showed high and stable CO2 selectivity. The stability of the materials was investigated both ex situ by powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy after formic acid decomposition as well as by in situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (in situ XPS) and operando differential thermal analysis–thermogravimetry (DTA/TG). Samples with higher Pd content exhibited higher stability against oxidation, corroborating earlier observations under MSR conditions. The supported ZnPd/ZnO material and Zn‐rich bulk ZnPd samples showed a strong modification after reaction, which is attributed to zinc formate formation during formic acid decomposition. Kinetic data give strong indications to exclude dehydrogenation of a formate intermediate as rate‐limiting step in MSR.
Ni‐Ce/Zeolites for CO2 Hydrogenation to CH4: Effect of the Metal Incorporation Order
Authors: Bacariza M. Carmen , Graça Inês , Lopes José M. , Henriques Carlos 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe effect of the metal incorporation order used in the preparation of bimetallic ultrastable Y (USY) zeolite catalysts for CO2 methanation has been studied. First, a Na‐USY(3) zeolite was impregnated with 5 % of Ni and 3 % of Ce in three ways: Ni before Ce (Ce/Ni), Ce before Ni (Ni/Ce), and co‐impregnation (Ni‐Ce). Stronger interactions between Ni and Ce species are established when Ni is incorporated after or simultaneously with Ce, enhancing the reducibility of the Ni species and decreasing the Ni0 average size to approximately 2.5 nm. However, the CO2 adsorption capacity is smaller for the sample in which Ce is incorporated before Ni. Even though larger Ni0 particles (13.3 nm) are formed when Ni is impregnated first, a good CO2 adsorption capacity was also observed for this sample. Co impregnation was finally found as the best preparation method, the results being confirmed for an optimized USY catalyst in terms of Ni content, Si/Al ratio, and compensating cation.
Tin(IV) Sulfide Greatly Improves the Catalytic Performance of UiO‐66 for Carbon Dioxide Cycloaddition
Authors: Cheng Xiuyan , Zhang Bingxing , Shi Jinbiao , Zhang Jianling , Zheng Lirong , Zhang Jing , Shao Dan , Tan Xiuniang , Han Buxing , Yang Guanying 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTo overcome the limitations of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) for catalysis (e.g., low catalytic activities resulting from blockage of the active metal centers by organic linkers) is of great importance. Herein, we demonstrate the formation of UiO‐66 nanoparticles with ultrasmall size and linker defects with the aid of SnS2 nanosheets. The UiO‐66 nanoparticles supported by SnS2 nanosheets were found to exhibit excellent catalytic activity for the cycloaddition reaction of CO2 with propylene oxide under solvent‐free and co‐catalyst‐free conditions. Outstandingly, the catalytic activity was 11 times higher than that of the pure UiO‐66 catalyst under optimum conditions. We thus provide a promising route to modify MOF particles thus to promote their catalytic performance.
Continuous Downstream Processing of Amino Acids in a Modular Miniplant
Authors: Hohmann Lukas , Löbnitz Lisa , Menke Christina , Santhirakumaran Bavatharani , Stier Patrick , Stenger Frank , Dufour Fabrice , Wiese Georg , zur Horst-Meyer Santer zur , Kusserow Burkhard , Zang Werner , Nirschl Hermann , Kockmann Norbert 
Published: March 2018

AbstractGlobal competition leads to a need for a fast time to market and increased resource efficiency. Continuous processing, module‐based plant design, and multipurpose equipment are recently discussed approaches for the fine‐chemical industry. As a representative, the downstream process of amino acid production is discussed herein. A conventional batch procedure was transferred to a continuous process and realized in a modular miniplant, which comprised of evaporation in a wiped‐film evaporator, seeded cooling crystallization in a coiled tubular crystallizer, and solid/liquid separation on a vacuum belt filter. The operations were realized on‐skid with individual automation systems and integrated sensors. L‐Alanine was successfully processed in steady‐state operation.
Particle Size Distributions and Performance of Preferential Crystallization of L‐Asparagine·H2O with Tailor‐Made Additives
Authors: Kongsamai Peetikamol , Flood Chalongsri , ter Horst Joop H. , Flood Adrian E. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPreferential crystallization (PC) is a process to separate enantiomers. The efficiency of seeded, isothermal PC was enhanced using tailor‐made additives to inhibit the crystallization of the counter‐enantiomer. The inhibition of D‐asparagine (D‐Asn) monohydrate using D‐glutamic acid (D‐Glu) and D‐aspartic acid (D‐Asp) as additives in PC was investigated by comparing the purity, yield, and particle size distribution after PC of L‐Asn·H2O from DL‐Asn·H2O. The amount of pure L‐Asn·H2O solid product that can be produced before crystallization of the counter‐enantiomer is higher when using the additives D‐Asp and D‐Glu. However, the crystal size of L‐Asn·H2O increases faster in PC without additives than in PC with additives. This means that the additives inhibit not only the crystallization of D‐Asn·H2O but also the crystal growth of L‐Asn·H2O.
Hierarchical Mesoporous Organosilica–Silica Core–Shell Nanoparticles Capable of Controlled Fungicide Release
Authors: Luo Leilei , Liang Yucang , Erichsen Egil Severin , Anwander Reiner 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA new class of hierarchically structured mesoporous silica core–shell nanoparticles (HSMSCSNs) with a periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO) core and a mesoporous silica (MS) shell is reported. The applied one‐pot, two‐step strategy allows rational control over the core/shell chemical composition, topology, and pore/particle size, simply by adjusting the reaction conditions in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as structure‐directing agent under basic conditions. The spherical, ethylene‐ or methylene‐bridged PMO cores feature hexagonal (p6mm) or cage‐like cubic symmetry (Pm
n) depending on the organosilica precursor. The hexagonal MS shell was obtained by n‐hexane‐induced controlled hydrolysis of TEOS followed by directional co‐assembly/condensation of silicate/CTAB composites at the PMO cores. The HSMSCSNs feature a hierarchical pore structure with pore diameters of about 2.7 and 5.6 nm in the core and shell domains, respectively. The core sizes and shell thicknesses are adjustable in the ranges of 90–275 and 15–50 nm, respectively, and the surface areas (max. 1300 m2 g−1) and pore volumes (max. 1.83 cm3 g−1) are among the highest reported for core–shell nanoparticles. The adsorption and controlled release of the fungicide propiconazole by the HSMSCSNs showed a three‐stage release profile.
Influence of Filler Pore Structure and Polymer on the Performance of MOF‐Based Mixed‐Matrix Membranes for CO2 Capture
Authors: Sabetghadam Anahid , Liu Xinlei , Benzaqui Marvin , Gkaniatsou Effrosyni , Orsi Angelica , Lozinska Magdalena M. , Sicard Clemence , Johnson Timothy , Steunou Nathalie , Wright Paul A. , Serre Christian , Gascon Jorge , Kapteijn Freek 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTo gain insight into the influence of metal–organic framework (MOF) fillers and polymers on membrane performance, eight different composites were studied by combining four MOFs and two polymers. MOF materials (NH2‐MIL‐53(Al), MIL‐69(Al), MIL‐96(Al) and ZIF‐94) with various chemical functionalities, topologies, and dimensionalities of porosity were employed as fillers, and two typical polymers with different permeability‐selectivity properties (6FDA‐DAM and Pebax) were selected as matrices. The best‐performing MOF–polymer composites were prepared by loading 25 wt % of MIL‐96(Al) as filler, which improved the permeability and selectivity of 6FDA‐DAM to 32 and 10 %, while for Pebax they were enhanced to 25 and 18 %, respectively. The observed differences in membrane performance in the separation of CO2 from N2 are explained on the basis of gas solubility, diffusivity properties, and compatibility between the filler and polymer phases.