bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A deep learning-based approach for localization of pedicle regions in preoperative CT scans
Authors: Esfandiari Hooman , Anglin Carolyn , Guy Pierre , Hodgson Antony J. 
Published: July 2018

Pedicle screw fixation is a common yet technically demanding procedure. Due to the proximity of the inserted implant to the spinal column, a malplaced screw can cause neurological injury and subsequent postoperative complications. A common surgical routine starts with preoperative volumetric image acquisition (e.g. computed tomography) based on which the surgeons can highlight the planned trajectory. This process is generally done manually , which is error prone and time consuming.The primary purpose of this paper is to develop an automatic pedicle region localization based on preoperative CTs. This system can automatically annotate the CT scans to identify the regions corresponding to the pedicles and thus provide important information about the anatomical placement of the CT scan that can be useful for intraoperative implant position assessment (e.g. to initialize the 2D-3D registration). On the other hand, the pedicle localization can be exploited for preoperative planning.We designed and evaluated a fully convolutional neural network for the task of pedicle localization. A large training, validation and testing datasets (5000, 1000, 1000 images separately) were created using a custom data augmentation process that could generate unique vertebral morphologies for each image. After evaluation on the validation and test data, the Dice similarity coefficients between the pedicle regions detected by the trained network and the ground truth was 0.85 and 0.83 respectively.The proposed deep-learning-based algorithm was capable of automatically localizing the regions corresponding to the pedicles based on the preoperative CT scans. Therefore, a reliable initial guess for the 2D-3D registration process needed for intraoperative implant position assessment can be achieved. This system also has potential use in automating the preoperative planning.
Measurement of Intraoperative Range of Motion of Total Hip Arthroplasty Using an Inertial Measurement Unit Based Smart Trial System: an in Vitro Validation Experiment
Authors: Tang Hao , Zhou Yixin , Mai Baojun , Zhu Binjie , Chen Ping , Fu Yujia 
Published: July 2018

Intraoperative detection of hip Range of Motion ( ROM ) is the basis for prediction of postoperative functional limits allowed for patients’ daily living. Although computer navigation system for Total Hip Arthroplasty ( THA ) has improved the accuracy of intraoperative ROM evaluation, it has not been able to gain popularity because of its complex and time-consuming procedures. We preliminarily developed a Inertial Measurement Unit based Hip Smart trial system ( IMUHS ) that is easy and simple to use. An in vitro validation experiment was conducted using radiopaque sawbones with imaging measurement method as the reference standard. The validity of measuring ROM in the three axes was as follows: 4.36±4.93°forflexion and extension, 1.75 ± 5.21°for adduction and abduction, and 6.42 ± 4.32°for internal and external rotation( p = 0.059 ~ 0.550 ). The ICC values of measuring ROM in all three axeswere 1.00. As measuring ROM is the basis for evaluating direction of impingement, subluxation and dislocation, the IMUHS is a promising development direction of THA computer assisted surgery.
Precise single column resection and reconstruction with femoral head plus THR for malignant pelvic tumors
Authors: Niu Xiaohui , Yang Yongkun , Zhang Qing , Li Yuan , Xu Hairong , Liu Weifeng 
Published: July 2018

Background Some malignant pelvic tumor may affect the anterior or posterior column at the acetabula area. The postoperative recurrenceand complication rate are high. Precise resection with safe surgical margin could cure the patients while saving healthier host bone for relative simple reconstruction.Questions/Purposes The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of precise single column resection and reconstruction with femoral head plus THR for malignant pelvic tumorswith respect to the (1) surgical safety, (2) oncological outcome and (3) prosthesis survivorship and function.Methods This is a clinical cases study. From 2007 to 2015, 19 patients with primary malignant tumors of the pelvis were enrolled in the study. The diagnosis included 16 cases of chondrosarcoma, 1 case of undifferentiated polymorphic sarcoma, 1 case of Ewing's sarcoma and 1 case of solitary plasmacytoma. All tumors were resected with safe surgical margins, which were proved by the postoperative specimen evaluation. Anterior column was involved in 17 cases and posterior column in 2 cases. Ten of 19 tumors were resected assisted by computer navigation. Femoral heads were used to reconstruct anterior or posterior column defects and fixed by screws; THR was used for the joint reconstruction. Oncologic outcome and function were evaluated by regular follow-up.Results The follow up time was more than 12 months in 14 cases with the average of 58.4 months (median 61, range 13-118) months. Surgical margins contained wide resection in 12 cases and marginal resection in 7 cases. The bony wide resection rate was 90% (9/10) in the navigation group and 77.8% (7/9) in free hand group respectively. One patient with Ewing's sarcoma died 14 months postoperative due to lung metastasis. There was only one case with chondrosarcoma was found recurrence in 61 months postoperatively, who was in the navigation group and having marginal margin resection. There was one prosthesis removed due to prosthesis infection (14 months postoperatively). There were another two patients with minor wound infection. The average MSTS function score was 24.8 (17-29).Conclusions The current treatment method is oncological safe and functional with less complications. The hardware is relatively cost effective and right on the shelf. However, this procedure is highly skill needed.
Analyzing Bony Constraints as a Key Stone of an Integrated Approach Towards Functional THA Planning
Authors: Hsu Juliana , Fischer Maximilian C. M. , Tokunaga Kunihiko , Esnault Gildas , Radermacher Klaus 
Published: July 2018

Both, prosthetic design and implantation have a great influence on the impingement and dislocation risk after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Potential impingement risks should be analyzed during THA planning. In order to analyze bony impingement, often 3D meshes of the bony structures have to be transformed and collision between the 3D meshes is calculated which might be complex and time consuming. This work introduces a simplified collision calculation algorithm based on 2D mapping. Possible impingement points on the femur and the pelvis, which are points on a sphere, are extracted and mapped into a 2D plane. Impingement can be calculated using a 2D distance map.The method was applied for analysing a dislocation case. A 38-year-old female THA patient had a dislocation 3 months after the surgery. The hip dislocated anteriorly in the standing positon while carrying a load in the front (a child) and turning the upper body slightly towards the contralateral side. The cup orientation was within the so called Lewinnek safe zone. The pelvis in standing position was tilted by 11° posteriorly. The impingement analysis revealed that maximal external hip rotation was less than 15° and even less than 10° when the pelvis is tilted more posteriorly which might have been the case during the dislocation. Considering additional soft-tissue involvement, a minor external rotation could in fact be a potential cause for dislocation.Using the previously introduced prosthetic ROM-based target zone calculation algorithm, optimized THA parameters were determined. This include changing the CCD angle and the stem or neck antetorsion. Using the modified parameters, external rotation of at least 20° would have been possible without bony impingement. The dislocation could have been avoided.
Produksi Manggis pada Beberapa Kelompok Umur Tanaman dan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Produksi Manggis di Kabupaten Sukabumi, Jawa Barat
Authors: Nuraniputri Utami , Suwarsinah Daryanto Heny Kuswanti , Kuntjoro Kuntjoro 
Published: July 2018

Mangosteen is one of the prospective horticultural commodities in Indonesia. Mangosteen has been set as national commodities in RUSNAS Buah (Fruit of the National Strategic Research) since 2000. Mangosteen production in Indonesia has increased rapidly. In 1997 the production of mangosteen in Indonesia amounted to 17 475 tonnes and increased to 114 755 tonnes in 2014. However, mangosteen production in Indonesia is not optimal, because the productivity is still low. The average Indonesian mangosteen tree can produce 30-50 kg of fruit per tree, lower than in Malaysia, Thailand and India were able to reach the 200-300 kg of fruit per tree. Mangosteen production centers in Indonesia are in the province of West Java, with a contribution of 41% of the total production of mangosteen in Indonesia in 2012. In West Java , mangosteen production centers scattered in Five Districts, namely Tasikmalaya, Subang, Sukabumi, Bogor and Ciamis Districts. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the level of production and the factors that affect the production of mangosteen in Sukabumi. The results showed that the production of mangosteen in Sukabumi is still low and has not reached the production target set by Direktorat Tanaman Buah. Factors that influence the production of mangosteen in Sukabumi are the number and ages of productive plants owned by farmers.
KONSEP PEMASARAN AGRIBISNIS : PENDEKATAN EKONOMI DAN MANAJEMEN
Authors: Asmarantaka Ratna Winandi , Atmakusuma Juniar , Muflikh Yanti Nuraeni , Rosiana Nia 
Published: July 2018

<p>Aktivitas pemasaran merupakan hal yang paling penting dalam sistem agribisnis mulai dari penyediaan sarana produksi pertanian (subsistem input), usahatani (<em>on farm</em>), pemasaran dan pengolahan hasil pertanian, serta subsistem penunjang (penelitian, penyuluhan, pembiayaan/kredit, intelijen pemasaran atau informasi pemasaran, kebijakan pemasaran).<strong> </strong>Tujuan dari pemasaran yaitu menjembatani apa yang diinginkan produsen dan konsumen dalam melengkapi proses produksi. Hampir semua aktivitas pemasaran membantu produsen dalam memahami keinginan konsumen. Jadi, pemasaran membantu menemukan berbagai jawaban dari lima pertanyaan kunci dalam setiap sistem ekonomi, antara lain :</p><ol><li>Apa yang seharusnya diproduksi ?</li><li>Berapa banyak produk yang seharusnya diproduksi ?</li><li>Kapan seharusnya produk diproduksi ?</li><li>Siapa yang memproduksi ?</li><li>Siapa yang membuat pasar untuk produk tersebut ?</li></ol>
Sadutettu sanasto: puhutun kielen leksikaalinen diversiteetti arviointikohteena
Authors: Honko Mari 
Published: July 2018

This study analyses lexical diversity (sums of probabilities) in spoken narratives of L1 and L2 school age children (n = 99) and compares the results to the lexical diversity of written narratives of the group of comparison. The key research questions are: a) does the lexical diversity of the spoken narratives systematically differ from the lexical diversity of written narratives and b) does the lexical diversity of spoken narratives systematically differ depending on five individual variables: lexical skills, language proficiency, L1 , gender and age of the speaker? All the narratives are produced in Finnish in storytelling events during the spring semester of the 2d and 3rd school year. Sums of probabilities is an index of lexical diversity. It is based on widely used D (Malvern & Richards ) and can be used with texts that differ in length and genre.
The results reveal a weak but significant difference between the lexical diversity of spoken and written narratives and weak but complex correlations between the lexical diversity of spoken narratives and the proficiency level as well as the lexical skills of the child. However, there is no correlation or other appreciable connection between the lexical diversity and language background (L1 /L2 ), gender or the school grade of the child. In addition, in L2 group there is no connection between the lexical diversity and the length of residence in Finnish speaking environment or, between the lexical diversity and the specific language difficulties observed by their teacher, either. The results are discussed and compared with the individual differences in turns and turn-taking during the storytelling event tentatively.
Маргарита Васильевна Гецен
Authors: Патова Е. Н. 
Published: July 2018

6 ноября 2017 г. исполнилось 80 лет известному альгологу, ведущему специалисту Республики Коми попроблемам экологии и охраны восточноевропейских тундр, инициатору организации стационарных исследований на Крайнем Севере, Заслуженному экологу Российской Федерации, Заслуженному работнику Республики Коми, отличнику охраны природы Российской Федерации, Ветерану труда, доктору биологических наук Маргарите Васильевне Гецен.
Андрей Алексеевич Дедов. 115 лет со дня рождения
Authors: Огродовая Л. Я. 
Published: July 2018

Научная деятельность Андрея Алексеевича Дедова, крупного ученого, знатока растительности северных регионов, неразрывно связна со становлением биологических исследований на европейском Северо-Востоке, которые начались в 1934 г. с приходом на пост председателя Бюро по изучению Северного Края при Полярной Комиссии АН СССР известного ботаника Александра Иннокентьевича Толмачева. На базе этого Бюро в 1936 г. в Архангельске была создана Северная База АН СССР, в составе которой с 1939 г. работал А.А. Дедов. Осенью 1941 г. Северную Базу эвакуировали в Сыктывкар, где она совместно с перенесенной сюда же Кольской Базой АН СССР (организованной в г. Кировске академиком А.Ф. Ферсманом) вошла в состав вновь созданной Базы по изучению Севера им. С.М. Кирова. В начале 1944 г. Кольская База была возвращена в г. Кировск, а Северная База АН СССР была преобразована в Коми Базу АН СССР. В ее составе тогда трудились 57 человек, из них 40 научных сотрудников.В структуре Базы АН СССР в Коми АССР тогда были организованы два отдела: геологический, под руководством Александра Александровича Чернова, и биологический, который и возглавил Андрей Алексеевич Дедов, одновременно исполнявший обязанности заведующего сектором геоботаники. В 1949 г. Коми База АН СССР была преобразована в Коми филиал АН СССР, а стоящими тогда у истоков биологических исследований специалистами, в числе которых Андрей Алексеевич Дедов, и были заложены основы будущего Института биологии.
Редкие охраняемые растения среднего и нижнего течения реки Подчерем (национальный парк «Югыд ва»)
Authors: Тетерюк Л. В. , Тетерюк Б. Ю. , Филиппов Н. И. , Оплеснина Н. А. 
Published: July 2018

В среднем и нижнем течении р. Подчерем (южная часть национального парка «Югыд ва»)произрастает более 50 редких и охраняемых видов высших сосудистых растений. Выявлены растения, новые для флоры Республики Коми и бассейна р. Подчерем. Распространение редких видов связано прежде всего с выходами пермских и каменноугольных пород. Проведены популяционные исследования и собраны данные о численности и состоянии популяций охраняемых видов.
Synthesis of 4-Hydroxy-4-(4-nitrophenyl)butan-2-one using p-Nitro Benzaldehyde and Acetone in Aqueous Micellar Media using L-Proline
Authors: Mandal Swagata , Mandal Sangita , Biswas Satyajit , Saha Bidyut 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
When the asymmetric aldol reactions are catalyzed by amino acids in water, a certain amount of organic solvents such as ethanol, tetrahydrofuran still had to combine with water to dissolve the organic aldehydes and promote the reaction. But to protect the environment our aim is to completely eliminate the use of organic solvent, therefore we have started to investigate a new system for amino acids catalyzed aldol reaction in water without using any organic solvents. Mainly we use organic solvent to form a homogeneous phase for all reactants which is not possible if the solvent is water, as it makes most organic substances spasingly soluble in water. This drawback could be overcome if we use surfactants, which solubilise organic compounds in water. Thereafter, we planned to use cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as surfactant to solubilise the substrate p-nitrobenzaldehyde (PNB) and to perform in this aqueous micellar solution a L-proline catalyzed aldol reaction. A quite different mechanism has been proposed in water.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO FLORÍSTICA E ESTRUTURAL DE UM FRAGMENTO FLORESTAL NA REGIÃO CENTRAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Felker Roselene Marostega , Rovedder Ana Paula Moreira , Stefanello Maureen de Moares , Hummel Rafaela Badinelli , Piaia Bruna Balestrin , Piazza Eliara Marin 
Published: July 2018

O conhecimento da estrutura e composição de espécies florestais, juntamente com o entendimento da formação de grupos florísticos é um importante subsídio para a definição de estratégias de conservação e restauração florestal. O presente estudo analisou a estrutura, diversidade e agrupamentos florísticos de um fragmento florestal com histórico de degradação no Parque Estadual Quarta Colônia, região central do Rio Grande do Sul. Em 2012, foram avaliados os indivíduos arbóreos com CAP ≥ 15 cm, em 16 parcelas de 10 x 10 m. Para análise da estrutura florística foram calculados densidade e frequência em dados absolutos, diversidade Shannon (H’) e equabilidade de Pielou (J). A caracterização da vegetação foi realizada através da análise de agrupamento, pelo método Twinspan. O fragmento apresentou grupos em estágios iniciais e avançados de sucessão. Dentre as espécies levantadas Escallonia bifida se destacou como indicadora na formação dos grupos florísticos de áreas abertas. Os altos valores de densidade e frequência da espécie, também a caracterizam como a mais importante na estrutura horizontal do fragmento florestal, demonstrando potencial para utilização em ações de restauração.Palavra-chave: grupos florísticos; Escallonia bifida; sucessão ecológica. FLORISTIC AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF A FOREST FRAGMENT IN THE CENTRAL REGION OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL STATE ABSTRACT:The knowledge of the structure and composition of forest species together with the understanding of the formation of floristic groups is an important subsidy for the definition of conservation and restoration strategies. The present study analyzed the structure, diversity and floristic clusters of a forest fragment with a history of degradation, in the State Park Quarta Colônia, central region of Rio Grande do Sul. In 2012, tree individuals with CBH ≥ 15 cm were evaluated in 16 plots of 10x10 m. For analysis of the floristic structure density and frequency were calculated in absolute data, Shannon diversity (H ') and Pielou equability (J). The vegetation characterization was performed through the cluster analysis, using the Twinspan method. The fragment presented groups in the early and advanced stages of succession. Among the raised species Escallonia bifida was highlighted as an indicator in the formation of floristic groups of open areas. The high values of density and frequency of the species also characterize it as the most important in the horizontal structure of the forest fragment, demonstrating potential for use in restoration actions.Keywords: Floristic groups, Escallonia bifida, ecological succession.
COMPORTAMENTO FENOLÓGICO DE Emmotum nitens (Benth.) Miers (METTENIUSACEAE) EM FRAGMENTO DE CERRADÃO
Authors: Silva Patrícia Oliveira da 
Published: July 2018

Emmotum nitens é uma espécie bem conhecida em termos de florística e fitossociologia, entretanto, há poucos trabalhos que tratam-se de sua fenologia. Este estudo buscou avaliar a fenologia reprodutiva de uma população de E. nitens no Município de Rio Verde, Goiás. Observou-se mensalmente as fenofases reprodutivas (botão, antese, fruto imaturo e maduro) de 15 indivíduos. Para a coleta dos dados utilizou-se o método de Fournier e presença/ausência, e para analisar os mesmos utilizou-se a estatística circular e correlação com as variáveis meteorológicas (temperatura e precipitação). E. nitens produziu botões e flores de modo irregular ao longo do estudo, no entanto se correlacionaram positivamente com a temperatura. Durante todo estudo registrou-se frutos imaturos, embora as maiores concentrações ocorreram na transição do período seco-chuvoso e durante as chuvas, correlacionando-se positivamente com a precipitação. A maturação dos frutos iniciou-se no final da estação das chuvas, com maiores intensidades no período seco. Para E. nitens é mais vantajoso apresentar reprodução continua já que a mesma não é fortemente limitada pelas variáveis climáticas da área de estudo, do que seguir um padrão sazonal.Palavra-chave: fenologia, espécie de cerrado, eventos reprodutivos, correlação com metereologia. PHENOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF EMMOTUM NITENS (BENTH.) MIERS (METTENIUSACEAE) ON CERRADÃO FRAGMENT ABSTRACT:Emmotum nitens is a well-known species in terms of floristic and phytosociology, however, there are few studies that deal with its phenology. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reproductive phenology of a population of E. nitens in the municipality of Rio Verde, Goiás. The reproductive phenomena (flower bud, anthesis, immature fruit and ripe fruit) were observed monthly in 15 individuals. Fournier method and presence/absence were used to collect the data, and to analyze them, the circular statistic and correlation with the meteorological variables (temperature and precipitation) were used. E. nitens produced flower bud and flowers irregularly throughout the study, however they correlated positively with temperature. During the whole study immature fruits were recorded, although the highest concentrations occurred in the transition from the dry-rainy season and during the rains, correlating positively with the precipitation. Fruit maturation began at the end of the rainy season, with higher intensities in the dry season. For E. nitens it is more advantageous to present continuous reproduction since it is not strongly limited by the climatic variables of the study area, rather than following a seasonal pattern.Keywords: phenology, species of cerrado, reproductive events, correlation with meteorology.