bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enantioselective separation of (±)‐β‐hydroxy‐1,2,3‐triazoles by supercritical fluid chromatography and high‐performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Alvarenga Natália , Porto André L.M. , Barreiro Juliana Cristina 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis paper reports the enantioseparation of β‐hydroxy‐1,2,3‐triazole derivatives, which present a broad range of biological properties, by supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) and high‐performance liquid chromatography techniques (HPLC). Polysaccharide‐based chiral columns (cellulose and amylose) were used to evaluate the separation in SFC and HPLC. Time of analyses, consumption of solvent, and parameter optimization were reduced using SFC technique. The columns based on cellulose chiral stationary phase using 2‐propanol and ethanol as modifiers showed the best results for the enantioresolution of the (±)‐β‐hydroxy‐1,2,3‐triazoles by SFC analyses. These techniques were applied to evaluate the selectivity of biocatalytic reduction of β‐keto‐1,2,3‐triazoles by marine‐derived fungus Penicillium citrinum CBMAI 1186 to obtain the (±)‐β‐hydroxy‐1,2,3‐triazoles.
Left ventricular end‐diastolic volume predicts exercise capacity in patients with a normal ejection fraction
Authors: Nambiar Lakshmi , Li Anita , Howard Alan , LeWinter Martin , Meyer Markus 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundExercise capacity is a powerful predictor of all‐cause mortality. The duration of exercise with treadmill stress testing is an important prognostic marker in both healthy subjects and patients with cardiovascular disease. Left ventricular (LV) structure is known to adapt to sustained changes in level of physical activity.HypothesisPoor exercise capacity in patients with a preserved LV ejection fraction (LVEF) should be reflected in smaller LV dimensions, and a normal exercise capacity should be associated with larger LV dimensions, irrespective of comorbidities.MethodsThis hypothesis was first tested in a cross‐sectional analysis of 201 patients with normal chamber dimensions and preserved LVEF who underwent a clinically indicated treadmill stress echocardiogram using the Bruce protocol (derivation cohort). The best LV dimensional predictor of exercise capacity was then tested in 1285 patients who had a Bruce‐protocol treadmill exercise stress test and a separate transthoracic echocardiogram (validation cohort).ResultsIn the derivation cohort, there was a strong positive relationship between exercise duration and LV end‐diastolic volume deciles (r
2 = 0.85; P < 0.001). Regression analyses of several LV dimensional parameters revealed that the body surface area–based LV end‐diastolic volume index was best suited to predict exercise capacity (P < 0.0001). In a large validation cohort, LV end‐diastolic volume was confirmed to predict exercise capacity (P < 0.0001).ConclusionsAmong patients referred for outpatient stress echocardiography who have a preserved LVEF and no evidence of myocardial ischemia, we found a strong positive association between LV volume and exercise capacity.
Anal cytological lesions and HPV infection in individuals at increased risk for anal cancer
Authors: Donà Maria Gabriella , Benevolo Maria , Latini Alessandra , Rollo Francesca , Colafigli Manuela , Frasca Mirko , Zaccarelli Mauro , Giglio Amalia , Moretto Domenico , Pescarmona Edoardo , Cristaudo Antonio , Giuliani Massimo 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUNDAnal cytology may be useful for evaluating lesions associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) in individuals at increased risk for anal cancer.METHODSLiquid‐based cytology was used to assess anal cytological lesions among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected and HIV‐uninfected men who have sex with men (MSM). The Linear Array HPV genotyping test was used for HPV detection.RESULTSThis cross‐sectional study included 1021 MSM, of whom 388 were HIV‐infected (38.0%). Anal cytological lesions (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance or more severe [ASCUS+]) were observed in 32.5% and 53.2% of the HIV‐uninfected and HIV‐infected individuals, respectively (P < .0001). The highest ASCUS + prevalence was observed among ≥45‐year‐old HIV‐uninfected MSM (37.3%) and 25‐to 29‐year‐old HIV‐infected MSM (66.7%). High‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) peaked in ≥ 45‐year‐old HIV‐uninfected subjects and 35‐ to 39‐year‐old HIV‐infected subjects. Individuals with anal infections with high‐risk (HR) HPV types were 3 to 4 times more likely to have an ASCUS + report. An HPV‐16 and/or HPV‐18 infection increased the odds of HSIL or more severe cytology (HSIL+) for HIV‐infected MSM almost 4 times. MSM concurrently infected with HR and low‐risk HPVs were significantly more likely to have low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions or more severe cytology (LSIL+) than those infected with only HR types. No significant associations were found between cytological abnormalities and the HIV load and nadir and current CD4 + counts.CONCLUSIONSThe prevalence of anal cytological lesions is high in MSM, even in HIV‐infected individuals treated with combined antiretroviral therapy. In these subjects, HSILs occur more frequently and at a younger age in comparison with HIV‐uninfected counterparts. Specific diagnostic procedures should be implemented to manage individuals at increased risk for anal cancer with an abnormal anal Papanicolaou test. Cancer Cytopathol 2018. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
Sandboxing of biomedical applications in Linux containers based on system call evaluation
Authors: Witt Michael , Jansen Christoph , Krefting Dagmar , Streit Achim 
Published: April 2018

SummaryApplications for biomedical data processing often integrate external libraries and frameworks for common algorithmic tasks. It typically reduces development time and increases overall code quality. With the introduction of lightweight container‐based virtualization, the bundling of applications and their required dependencies has become feasible, and containers can be transferred and executed in distributed environments. However, the incorporation of unreviewed code poses a security threat as it might contain malicious components. In this paper, measures to minimize risks of untrusted application execution are presented. Based on the system calls issued during sample execution of the application, both the container itself and the container runtime configuration are restricted to the set of actions the application requires. It is shown that the employed security measures are suited to counteract different attacks while application runtime is not affected.
Hydrogenation of CO2 to Formate over Ruthenium Immobilized on Solid Molecular Phosphines
Authors: Kann Anna , Hartmann Heinrich , Besmehn Astrid , Hausoul Peter J. C. , Palkovits Regina 
Published: April 2018

AbstractFormic acid is a promising hydrogen storage medium and can be produced by catalytic hydrogenation of CO2. Molecular ruthenium complexes immobilized on phosphine polymers have been found to exhibit excellent productivity and selectivity in the catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 under mild conditions. The polymeric analog of 1,2‐bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane exhibited the highest activity and turnover numbers up to 13 170 were obtained in a single run. This catalyst was already active at 40 °C and with a catalyst loading of only 0.0006 mol %. Recycling experiments revealed a loss of activity after the first run, followed by a gradual decrease during the subsequent runs. This is attributed to a change in the catalytically active complex during the hydrogenation reaction. High selectivity towards formate and low leaching were maintained in the absence of CO formation. Based on the catalyst characterization, a mechanism for the CO2 hydrogenation is proposed.
Weight suppression and weight elevation are associated with eating disorder symptomatology in women age 50 and older: Results of the gender and body image study
Authors: Goodman Erica L. , Baker Jessica H. , Peat Christine M. , Yilmaz Zeynep , Bulik Cynthia M. , Watson Hunna J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectiveWeight suppression (WS), the difference between highest past non‐pregnancy weight and current weight, predicts negative outcomes in eating disorders, but the impact of WS and related weight constructs are understudied in nonclinical, midlife populations. We examined WS (current weight < highest weight) and weight elevation (WE), the opposite of WS (current weight > lowest weight) and their associations with eating psychopathology in women aged 50+.MethodParticipants were a community‐based sample (N = 1,776, Mage = 59) who completed demographic and eating psychopathology questions via online survey. WS, WE, and WS × WE were tested as predictors of outcome variables; BMI and medical conditions that affect weight were controlled for.ResultsIndividuals that were higher on WS and WE were most likely to engage in current weight loss attempts, dieting in the past 5 years, and extreme lifetime restriction. Individuals with higher WS were more likely to experience binge eating, greater frequency of weight checking, overvaluation of shape and weight, and lifetime fasting. Individuals with higher WE were more likely to report negative life impacts of eating and dieting. Higher WS and WE each predicted higher levels of skipping meals over the lifetime.DiscussionThis novel study investigated WS in midlife women and introduced a new conceptualization of weight change (WE) that may be more relevant for aging populations given that women tend to gain weight with age. The findings implicate the utility of investigating both WS and WE as factors associated with eating psychopathology in midlife women.
Altered intra‐ and inter‐network functional coupling of resting‐state networks associated with motor dysfunction in stroke
Authors: Zhao Zhiyong , Wu Jie , Fan Mingxia , Yin Dazhi , Tang Chaozheng , Gong Jiayu , Xu Guojun , Gao Xinjie , Yu Qiurong , Yang Hao , Sun Limin , Jia Jie 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMotor functions are supported through functional integration across the extended motor system network. Individuals following stroke often show deficits on motor performance requiring coordination of multiple brain networks; however, the assessment of connectivity patterns after stroke was still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the changes in intra‐ and inter‐network functional connectivity (FC) of multiple networks following stroke and further correlate FC with motor performance. Thirty‐three left subcortical chronic stroke patients and 34 healthy controls underwent resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Eleven resting‐state networks were identified via independent component analysis (ICA). Compared with healthy controls, the stroke group showed abnormal FC within the motor network (MN), visual network (VN), dorsal attention network (DAN), and executive control network (ECN). Additionally, the FC values of the ipsilesional inferior parietal lobule (IPL) within the ECN were negatively correlated with the Fugl‐Meyer Assessment (FMA) scores (hand + wrist). With respect to inter‐network interactions, the ipsilesional frontoparietal network (FPN) decreased FC with the MN and DAN; the contralesional FPN decreased FC with the ECN, but it increased FC with the default mode network (DMN); and the posterior DMN decreased FC with the VN. In sum, this study demonstrated the coexistence of intra‐ and inter‐network alterations associated with motor‐visual attention and high‐order cognitive control function in chronic stroke, which might provide insights into brain network plasticity following stroke.
Detailed view on slow sinusoidal, hemodynamic oscillations on the human brain cortex by Fourier transforming oxy/deoxy hyperspectral images
Authors: Noordmans H.J. , van Blooijs D. , Siero J.C.W. , Zwanenburg J.J.M. , Klaessens J.H.G.M. , Ramsey N. F. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSlow sinusoidal, hemodynamic oscillations (SSHOs) around 0.1 Hz are frequently seen in mammalian and human brains. In four patients undergoing epilepsy surgery, subtle but robust fluctuations in oxy‐ and deoxyhemoglobin were detected using hyperspectral imaging of the cortex. These SSHOs were stationary during the entire 4 to 10 min acquisition time. By Fourier filtering the oxy‐ and deoxyhemoglobin time signals with a small bandwidth, SSHOs became visible within localized regions of the brain, with distinctive frequencies and a continuous phase variation within that region. SSHOs of deoxyhemoglobin appeared to have an opposite phase and 11% smaller amplitude with respect to the oxyhemoglobin SSHOs. Although the origin of SSHOs remains unclear, we find indications that the observed SSHOs may embody a local propagating hemodynamic wave with velocities in line with capillary blood velocities, and conceivably related to vasomotion and maintenance of adequate tissue perfusion. Hyperspectral imaging of the human cortex during surgery allow in‐depth characterization of SSHOs, and may give further insight in the nature and potential (clinical) use of SSHOs.
The goal priority network as a neural substrate of Conscientiousness
Authors: Rueter Amanda R. , Abram Samantha V. , MacDonald Angus W. , Rustichini Aldo , DeYoung Colin G. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractConscientiousness is a personality trait associated with many important life outcomes, but little is known about the mechanisms that underlie it. We investigated its neural correlates using functional connectivity analysis in fMRI, which identifies brain regions that act in synchrony. We tested the hypothesis that a broad network resembling a combination of the salience and ventral attention networks, which we provisionally label the goal priority network (GPN), is a neural correlate of Conscientiousness. Self‐ and peer‐ratings of Conscientiousness were collected in a community sample of adults who underwent a resting‐state fMRI scan (N = 218). An independent components analysis yielded five components that overlapped substantially with the GPN. We examined synchrony within and between these GPN subcomponents. Synchrony within one of the components—mainly comprising regions of anterior insula, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex—was significantly associated with Conscientiousness. Connectivity between this component and the four other GPN components was also significantly associated with Conscientiousness. Our results support the hypothesis that variation in a network that enables prioritization of multiple goals may be central to Conscientiousness.
We Are What We Do: Adult Basic Education Should Be About More Than Employability
Authors: Belzer Alisa , Kim Jeounghee 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn this commentary, the authors review one area of federal policy, adult basic education policy, since its inception in the 1960s as an example of how educational policy can drift from its broad purpose as it responds to political, social, and economic forces. The authors argue that its current narrow focus on workforce development underestimates the challenges of improving employment and earnings outcomes. More important, it undercuts the value and benefits of skill gains that can accrue before participants are able to attain jobs that can improve their economic outlook. Analysis of adult skill assessments indicate that even small skill increases can have a significant impact on other important social outcomes. Thus, the authors call for broadening the goal of federal adult basic education programs from primarily workforce development to helping participants more effectively fulfill a range of adult roles and responsibilities.
Cultivating Literacies: New Lenses and New Possibilities
Authors: Ortlieb Evan , Majors Yolanda 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMost people have struggled with reading in one situation or another, depending on their appreciation for the content, their prior experiences, and the texts. This department column shares ways for educators to help literacy learners unlock their potential with instruction anchored in their skills, knowledge, ways of learning, interests, and attitudes.
Higher variety and quantity of microRNA‐139‐5p isoforms confer suppressive role in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ni Hengli , Dai Xiaoxiao , Leng Xueqin , Deng Min , Qin Yan , Ji Qinghua , Xu Chunfang , Li Jianming , Liu Yao 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMiRNA isoforms (isomiRs) were defined as an addition or deletion of one or more nucleotides at the 5′ or 3′ ends or both. Different isomiRs of the same miRNA can target different genes, which have extended the regulatory scale medicated by miRNA. In this study, we systematically analyzed miRNA isoforms in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data and further explore their role by in silico and in vitro studies. We found that higher variety and quantity of miR‐139‐5p isoforms negatively correlated with the malignancy of HCC. And patients with higher variety and quantity of iso‐miR‐139‐5p exhibited favorable survival, independent of tumor stage. Interestingly, miR‐139‐5p ‐1|‐1 showed increased complementary effect of its target IGF1R than the archetype of miR‐139‐5p, and could further inhibit cellular movement more vigorously than its archetype. In conclusion, not only miR‐139‐5p itself, but its isoforms’ variety and quantity confer suppressive role in HCC.
The role of HIF‐1α in the TGF‐β2‐mediated epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition of human lens epithelial cells
Authors: Nahomi Rooban B. , Nagaraj Ram H. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractHuman lens epithelial cells (HLE) undergo mesenchymal transition and become fibrotic during posterior capsule opacification (PCO), which is a frequent complication after cataract surgery. TGF‐β2 has been implicated in this fibrosis. Previous studies have focused on the role of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) in fibrotic diseases, but the role of HIF‐1α in the TGF‐β2‐mediated fibrosis in HLE is not known. TGF‐β2 treatment (10 ng/mL, 48 h) increased the HIF‐1α levels along with the EMT markers in cultured human lens epithelial cells (FHL124 cells). The increase in HIF‐1α corresponded to an increase in VEGF‐A in the culture medium. However, exogenous addition of VEGF‐A (up to 10 ng/mL) did not alter the EMT marker levels in HLE. Addition of a prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG, up to 10 µM), enhanced the levels of HIF‐1α, and secreted VEGF‐A but did not alter the EMT marker levels. However, treatment of cells with a HIF‐1α translational inhibitor, KC7F2, significantly reduced the TGF‐β2‐mediated EMT response. This was accompanied by a reduction in the ERK phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Snail and Slug. Together, these data suggest that HIF‐1α is important for the TGF‐β2‐mediated EMT of human lens epithelial cells.
Retracted: LncRNA ATB promotes proliferation and metastasis in A549 cells by down‐regulation of microRNA‐494
Authors: Cao Yiwei , Luo Xiangjun , Ding Xiaoqian , Cui Shichao , Guo Caihong 
Published: April 2018

AbstractLung cancer is a commonly diagnosed disease with poor prognosis. Novel therapeutic targets and deep understanding of the regulatory mechanisms in lung cancer are of great importance. We aimed to figure out the functional roles of lncRNA‐activated by transforming growth factor‐β (ATB) in A549 cells as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms. ATB was non‐physiologically expressed in A549 cells after cell transfection. Then, cell proliferation, expressions of proteins related to proliferation and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, and invasion were measured by BrdU incorporation assay, Western blot analysis, and Transwell assay, respectively. Afterwards, miR‐494 expression in transfected A549 cells was determined by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Meanwhile, effects of miR‐494 overexpression on ATB‐overexpressed cells were assessed. Finally, the phosphorylation levels of AKT and key kinases in the Janus‐activated kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription‐3 (STAT3) pathway were detected by Western blot analysis. ATB overexpression promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of A549 cells. Meanwhile, EMT of A549 cells was also enhanced. ATB silence showed the opposite influence. Expression of miR‐494 was negatively regulated by ATB. Following experiments showed ATB‐induced alterations of proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT were all reversed by miR‐494 overexpression. Finally, we proved that ATB increased phosphorylated levels of AKT, JAK1, and STAT3, and those increases were all reversed by miR‐494 overexpression. We interestingly figured out that ATB promoted proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT through down‐regulating miR‐494 in A549 cells. Moreover, ATB might activate AKT and the JAK/STAT3 pathway via down‐regulating miR‐494.
Combining multi‐dimensional data to identify a key signature (gene and miRNA) of cisplatin‐resistant gastric cancer
Authors: Zhou Danyang , Li Xing , Zhao Hengyu , Sun Banghao , Liu Anqi , Han Xue , Cui Zhongqi , Yuan Lijie 
Published: April 2018

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) is one of the most lethal malignant tumors; the resistance of this type of tumor is the main source of GC treatment failure. In this study, we used bioinformatics analysis to verify differences in resistant GCs and identify an effective method for reversing drug resistance in GC. Microarray data [gene and microRNA (miRNA)] were analyzed using GEO2R software, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were applied to further enrich the genetic data. miRNA‐gene interactions were determined using Cytoscape (v.3.5.1). Online software was used to analyze protein interactions and predict network structure. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to verify the expression levels of genes in GC resistance. miR‐604 expression levels were verified by real‐time PCR in GC cell lines. We screened 3981 GC resistance‐associated genes and 244 miRNAs using bioinformatics methods. Six hub genes were identified and verified in the TCGA database, including five up‐regulated genes, POLR2L, POLR2C, POLR2F, APRT, and LMAN2, and a down‐regulated gene, NFKB2. The up‐regulated genes POLR2L, POLR2C, APRT, and LMAN2 interact with miR‐604; therefore, we focused on miR‐604, which has low expression in drug‐resistant GC. The results of this study indicate that through bioinformatics technologies, we have determined the hub genes and hub miRNAs related to drug resistance in GC. Among them, miR‐604 could become a new indicator in the diagnosis of drug‐resistant GC and may be used to investigate the pathogenesis of resistance in GC.