bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Factors Affecting Progress of Locomotor Disability in a Slum in Mumbai
Authors: Padhyegurjar Manasi S , Padhyegurjar Shekhar B 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Locomotor disability is one of the most commonly prevailing type of disability in India. This study was conducted with the aim of assessing the severity and to study the factors affecting progress of locomotor disability. A community based cross-sectional observation study was conducted in an urban slum of Mumbai. Total sample of 3665 individuals were screened; 205 were identified with locomotor disabilities who were subjected to a structured questionnaire and physical examination.
The prevalence of locomotor disabilities is found to be 5.59 %. Females are affected more than the males and unemployment was observed to be very high. Awareness about rehabilitative services was found to be very low and very few individuals had ever taken any treatment. Majority of the individuals detected with locomotor disability were ambulatory, showed good IADL score and muscle power as well as single joint involvement. Advancing age and longer duration of disability have been associated with low scores of IADL, low muscular power, multiple joint involvement and increased duration of disability. Treatment started at young age, on immediate diagnosis will halt the progress of the disease. Availability and awareness of rehabilitation facilities will go a long way in improving the quality of life of individuals with locomotor disabilities.
Hypokalaemic Periodic Paralysis Associated with Hypothyroidism
Authors: Joy AK , Singh Th Khelendro , Sangme Ngampa 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Periodic paralysis is also seen as one of the uncommon cause of quadriplegia in the physical and rehabilitation medicine practice.
There have been anecdotal reports of periodic paralysis associated with hypothyroidism. However, there is no clear cut evidence of hypothyroidism causing hypokalaemia leading to periodic paralysis or vice versa.
This case report highlights the importance of keeping periodic paralysis as an important cause of the recurrent paralytic attack, importance of serum potassium and thyroid function tests and recovery pattern without active physical therapy intervention which may actually aggravate the disease process. Its occurrence in a young male patient is also a rare phenomenon.
Mucopolysaccharidosis and Rehabilitation
Authors: Harshanand P , Anil Kumar G , Vivek P , Jayasree R 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis is a rare lysosomal storage disorder with overall prevalence of all types is 3.53 per 100,000 live births. Exact figures are not available for Indian population. It has poor prognosis with no easy curative medical or surgical management. This case report describes two cases of mucopolysaccharidosis with type one and type four variant. These cases diagnosed and rehabilitated to increase quality of life. Early identification of such cases by clinical features, supportive investigations and rehabilitation management can help patient to improve functional independence and activities of daily living.
Evaluation of Mirror Therapy for Upper Limb Rehabilitation in Stroke
Authors: Nonica Laisram , Tufail Muzaffar , Wadhwa RK , Diganta Borah , Kothari SY 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Trials have shown modest clinical improvement in disabilities after stroke with the use of different techniques; however most of the treatment protocols for the paretic upper extremity are either expensive or labour intensive, which makes the provision of intensive treatment for many patients difficult. It has been suggested that mirror therapy is a simple, inexpensive and, most importantly patient-directed treatment that may improve upper extremity function.
A prospective randomised case control study was done on 60 patients of both the sexes in the age group of 19 to 82 years having stroke for the first time. This study was conducted in the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation of a tertiary care hospital. All the patients who fulfilled the criteria were enrolled for study; patients were randomly allotted to the study or control group. Study group was given mirror therapy in addition to the conventional stroke rehabilitation programme. Patients were assessed in terms of motor recovery (Brunnstrom stages), spasticity (modified Ashworth Scale), and the self-care items of the Barthel index. These indices were measured at 0 month (pretreatment), 1 month (post-treatment), and 6 months (follow-up).
There was a statistically significant difference in spasticity improvement between the study and control groups; however no significant difference was seen in motor recovery and self care items between the groups. The patients had significant improvements within the groups after the therapy for one month.
Mirror therapy can be a useful intervention supplement in rehabilitation of patients; it provides a simple and cost effective therapy for recovery of hand function.
Deformities and Bony Changes in Leprosy
Authors: Kothari S.Y. , Kumar Wadhwa Ranjan , MKS Swamy 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
India has eradicated leprosy as per WHO norms but the cases with residual deformities will persist for long. With this idea, a study was undertaken on consecutive 70 patients coming to the outpatient section of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department of Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi to study various deformities and bony changes. All the patients were leprosy cured but attending hospital for their deformities only. Specific bony changes were seen in multibacillary patients, while the non-specific and osteoporotic changes were seen in all types of patients. Patients appeared more willing to get the deformities treated than hiding the same from the society.
Pain and Disability in Patients Suffering from Adhesive Capsulitis of Shoulder
Authors: Zonunsanga C , LNU Hmigthanmawii , Pertin Minggam , Chiru Chongreilen 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Study design
Cross-sectional study.

Set up
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR), Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal.

Duration of study
Two years October 2011- September 2013.

Aims and objects
To measure the pain and disability in patients suffering from adhesive capsulitis of shoulder and its relation with stages of adhesive capsulitis.

Study population
Idiopathic adhesive capsulitis patients attending PMR Department who fulfilled the inclusion criteria.

Results
Fifty-six patients suffering idiopathic adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder were included in the study. The mean age of the study population was 56.30±8.17 (range 40-70) years, male comprised 57.1% while female 42.9%. Shoulder ROM showed rotation most restricted followed by abduction, flexion and extension. Mean VAS pain score was highest in stage 1 (80.36±8.42) and lowest in stage 4 (38.33±7.42) and it was found to be statistically significant (p< 0.001). Mean SPADI disability score was highest in stage 3 (68.56±5.79) and lowest in stage 1 (41.14±7.90) and found to be statistically significant (p<0.001).

Conclusion
Stages of adhesive capsulitis are found to be closely related to pain and functional disability of the patient. SPADI can be used in recording pain and disability in patients suffering from adhesive capsulitis and can be useful in planning the treatment of such patients in local context.
Post Polio Syndrome: Report of 3 Cases and Brief Review of Literature
Authors: Singh U , Gogia Virinder S 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Post polio syndrome, a well-recognised clinical entity now, has become a great challenge to the medical and surgical rehabilitation professionals, as more and more paralytic polio survivors age into fourth to sixth decades of their lives. Early diagnosis and timely rehabilitation of a person with post polio syndrome is important because at around this age one is just reaching the prime of one's productive life and starts consolidating socio-economic status of self and the family. There is paucity of literature or case reports on post polio syndrome from India. Here we report three cases of post polio syndrome in their forties and early fifties, attending outpatient rehabilitation programme. Their clinical presentation, rehabilitation management and outcome have been discussed. Diagnostic criteria and possible pitfalls in diagnosis in the light of available literature have been emphasised.
Traumatic Thoracolumbar Spine Injury –A Demographic Study
Authors: Srivastava RN , Kumar Dileep , Gupta Anil Kumar , Sharma VP , Ahmed Javed , Singh Sanjai 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Study design and subjects
Cross-sectional descriptive analysis of data of patients with thoracolumbar SCI admitted for rehabilitation at a tertiary care centre from January 2011 to September 2014.

Objectives
To identify the demographic pattern of TLSCI admitted to this centre.

Setting
Department of PM&R, King George's Medical University, Lucknow.

Methods
One hundred and thirty-three consecutive patients of traumatic TLSCI admitted for rehabilitation were included in the study. Detailed demographic, clinical, neurological evaluation as per ASIA scale and radiological assessment done and analyzed.

Results
Mean age of our sample was 29.62±5 years. There were 21.05% females and 78.95% males. A significant percentage (36.84%) was farmers/labourers, followed by students 26.31%. Majority (67.67%) had fall from height followed by road traffic accidents (21%). Only 3.76% received ambulance for transport and majority (87.22%) of the cases transported by hired four wheelers. Only 18.78% cases came to tertiary center within 2 hours and majority (70%) came after 8 hours of injury. Ratio of complete and incomplete injuries being 1.7:1. Most common vertebral involvement in 58.64% cases were of T12 and L1.

Conclusions
Majority of Indian population live in rural areas which have minimal accessibility to even primary care. This disparity should be removed by even distribution of specialty hospital and trauma care centres in rural areas with better transportation with trained staff for trauma care. A national SCI registry system is needed and SCI case should be reported from all hospitals so that rehabilitation programme planning can be done accordingly.
A Feasibility Assessment of International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Tool for Locomotion in Rural Community of Northern India
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Bansal P , Bhardwaj Ashok Kumar 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
ICF is a valid tool to assess the degree and extent of disability, functioning, and health among patients. Its use in population to assess the disability is often limited.

Aim
To assess the feasibility of ICF tool in community settings among patients with any signs and symptoms of locomotion.

Design
Community based survey was carried out to assess the disability.

Setting
The studied individuals were assessed during house to house survey in a rural area of Himachal Pradesh, India. Any individual with any signs and symptoms of disability associated to locomotion was interviewed by the trained medical social worker at their home.

Population
Total 82 individuals were interviewed to study the degree and extent of disability related to locomotion.

Methods
An ICF tool version 2.1a as recommended by World Health Organisation was used for assessment.

Results
A total 82 people whom 58.5% were assessed using ICF tool and 40.0% of males and 50.0% of females observed with no problem of impairment for locomotion. Among those who reported, moderate level of impairment related to joints was observed among 32.4% females and 31.3 % males. Mild impairment for muscle power was present among 31.3% males and 29.4% of females. Assessment of extent of impairment observed that the lower limb was most commonly (about 40.0%) involved in both males and females. Both males and females were mostly observed with restricted performance for daily activities like using transportation, lifting/carrying of objects, walking and moving around using assisted equipment. About 47.9% and 31.3% of males responded that the design of building and technology for public use, as mild and moderate barrier respectively. Design of building for public use was observed as severe barrier among 38.2% of females.

Conclusions
Disability related to locomotor system involving lower extremities is most common form of disability. Mild to moderate level of impairment was observed among individuals with locomotor disability to carry out day to day activities.

Rehabilitation impact
ICF tool can be used to study the degree and extent of disability. A standard pattern of analysis and reporting the results would help to assess the effect of rehabilitative interventions in community settings.
Brainstem Haemorrhage due to Autonomic Dysreflexia in a Person with C6 Tetraplegia
Authors: Thomas Raji , Patil Swapna 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Autonomic dysreflexia is an important clinical complication occurring in patients with high levels of spinal cord injury. If untreated, the acute rise in blood pressure can cause end organ damage, including intracerebral haemorrhage. Though unusual, it can be fatal with large haemorrhages causing brain herniation syndromes. Here we report the case of a patient with C6 complete tetraplegia patient who developed brainstem haemorrhage during an episode of autonomic dysreflexia. The pathophysiology and treatment methods of this condition are discussed, highlighting the importance of preventive measures to avoid the same.
Predicting Factors For Development of Heterotopic Ossification in Spinal Cord Injury Patients
Authors: Das S P , Sahu Mamatamanjari , Singh D K 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHeterotopic ossification (HO) is a frequent complication in spinal cord injury (SCI) that is often difficult to treat. the incidence ranges from 16-35%. Association of certain complications in spinal cord injury increases the incidence of HO. This is a cross-sectional study conducted at SVNIRTAR, Cuttack, Odisha from January 2009 to December 2014. Out of 132 SCI patients attended to OPD or admitted to SCI ward, HO at different site was diagnosed in 86 patients. A close observation was done on these patients with respect to their associated complications and their relation to development of HO is discussed.
Management of Sacral Pressure Sore by Clinically Isolated Superior Gluteal Artery Perforator-based Fasciocutaneus Flap in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Das S P , Sahu Mamtamanjari , Parida Pramod Kumar 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Prolong confinement to bed in spinal injury patients imparts constant pressure on bony prominences resulting impairment of blood flow to local tissue. Constant pressure of 2 hours or more produces irreversible changes leading to tissue necrosis and development of pressure sore. Sacrum encounters highest pressure in supine position and is the commonest site of pressure sore in spinal cord injury patients followed by trochanter and heel.

Objective of the study
Observation on management of sacral pressure sore by superior gluteal arterial perforatorbased flap using anatomical land marks in the absence of facility of Doppler probe for isolation of superior gluteal arterial perforators.

Materials and methods
Thirteen patients of spinal cord injury presented with sacral pressure sore were managed surgically using superior gluteal artery perforator-based flap coverage. The location of the artery was identifi ed using anatomical land marks. In 10 patients the flap was heeled uneventfully, one had signifi cant complication with wound dehiscence.

Conclusions
Management of sacral pressure sore by superior gluteal arterial perforator-based flap using anatomical land marks is a simple and reliable procedure. The learning curve is not that stiff. Sophisticated instruments are not required for this procedure.
CRPS of Lower Extremity– A Case Report and Review
Authors: Agrawal Mahima 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) of the lower limb is a relatively uncommon entity as compared to CRPS of the upper extremity. Literature search has revealed only 2 retrospective case series and a single case report of lower extremity CRPS type I from 1975 to 2014 on Pubmed, isolated cases of CRPS type I of lower extremity have also been reported following knee surgeries and arthroscopies. This report presents a case of lower limb CRPS type I following blunt trauma to right foot, treatment of which was directed towards management of allodynia, vasomotor symptoms and surgical correction of deformity which had developed because of the disease, coping mechanisms were also reinforced through counselling and relaxation training. The individual responded well to treatment with a reported 75% reduction in the disabling symptoms and improvement in ambulatory status.
“VAC” Technique as a Physiatrist's Bridge between Debridement and Surgery : Case Report of Filarial Leg Ulcer
Authors: Poonekar P.D. , Mishra P. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDifficult ulcers have differing aetiologies calling for varying strategies. For long, physiatrists have been treating diabetic foot and decubitus ulcers with great success. The “vacuum assisted therapy” (VAC) technique is proven to alter the local milieu to facilitate wound healing. A known case of filariasis for last 14-15 years, presented with elephantiasis of left leg with a large ulcer. The financial status of the patient prevented usage of the commercial VAC machine and so “in-house” VAC technique innovations were used at a fractional cost. She was successfully treated using the VAC technique and spontaneous complete healing was achieved in 8 weeks and resulted in early rehabilitation. It was very cost-effective.
Microsurgical Approach To Subepithelial Connective Tissue Graft For Treatment of Gingival Recession
Authors: Padhye Ashvini , Hegde Rashmi , Sumanth S. , Patil Sanjeev 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Gingival recession is one of the most common mucogingival deformity and treatment should be rendered in a manner such that the best esthetic results are achieved. Periodontal plastic surgery is a rapidly emerging field, which helps us to meet this criterion. Various techniques have been employed in the past years using conventional surgical procedures to achieve coverage of denuded roots. Increased patient awareness has generated the demand for an ideal therapy encompassing the elimination of disease and the restoration of esthetics and function that is administered with minimal trauma and discomfort.. This case report throws light on the use of a surgical operating microscope to cover Miller's class I gingival recession in a maxillary left canine using the subepithelial connective tissue graft technique and its advantages over the conventional technique under normal or macro vision. Satisfactory root coverage was obtained with excellent esthetics and patient comfort.
Radix Entomolaris
Authors: Gandhi Nishant , Shetty Roshan , Patil Anuradha 
Published: July 2019

AbstractVariation of root canal anatomy is always a challenge for accurate diagnosis and successful endodontic therapy. A thorough knowledge of most common anatomic characteristics and their possible variations is essential for the clinician. The hard tissue repository of the human dental pulp takes on numerous confi gurations and shapes. These aberrations occur so often that they can be considered as normal anatomy. Radix entomolaris (RE) is one such aberration where an extra root is present on the distolingual aspect of mandibular first molar (molar with 3 roots). This article presents one case report of mandibular first molars with extra roots which was successfully treated.
Orthodontic Treatment: The Soft Tissue Paradigm
Authors: Gaikwad Shashank , Doshi Sachin , Mhatre Amol , Tandur Arundhati , Khushalani Natasha 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSince turn of the 20th century orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning has been based on the Angle paradigm that considers ideal dental occlusion ‘nature's intended ideal form’. The orthodontist's task is to seek balance between the patient's aesthetic demands, functional efficiency and structural harmony. The soft tissues largely determine the limitations of orthodontic treatment, from the perspectives of functions and stability, as well as aesthetics. Therefore orthodontist must plan treatment within the patient's limits of soft tissue adaptation and soft tissue contours. This is a case report showing a well finished case keeping in mind the emerging soft tissue paradigm in diagnosis and treatment planning.
Herpes Zoster involving Trigeminal Nerve
Authors: Gadda Rohit B , Patil Neha , Salvi Rohini 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHerpes zoster is a common acute viral infection caused by reactivation of Varicella-Zoster virus. Acute pain of herpes zoster lowers the quality of life and interferes with day to day activities. We report a case of herpes zoster in a 68 year old, healthy male patient in which the prodromal symptoms started as toothache. This case highlights the importance of a thorough dental history and examination in patients with toothache.
Root Coverage Using Alloderm® Acellular Dermal Graft Material
Authors: Henderson Robin D 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This report describes a surgical technique for root coverage using an acellular dermal graft material and a coronally positioned flap. Video clips of a root coverage surgery are included using the graft material to cover multiple teeth in the same quadrant. Three additional completed cases are presented in which a mean root coverage of 97% was achieved, resulting in 100% coverage on 9 of 11 teeth. The results from this case series conform with the available evidence on the use of acellular dermal graft material in root coverage procedures.
Enhancing Telephone Communication in the Dental Office
Authors: Jensen Mark E. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAnswering the telephone is an important first contact with the dental office. The voice tone, inflection and other non-verbal aspects of the person answering all have a profound impact on how the caller perceives the dental office. Suggestions are presented which are designed to avoid communication problems and to project a positive professional image to a caller. Audio clips are included to demonstrate variations in telephone technique to assist the reader in the development of a telephone answering protocol that reflects a desirable image for the office staff and for the dental practice.
Building the Dental Dream Team: Behavioral Styles in the Practice
Authors: Boswell Suzanne 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
There are four different behavioral styles evident in a dental team and in patients. The styles are based on observable behaviors relating to degrees of “assertiveness” and “responsiveness.” The Behavioral Style model helps to clarify why some people relate positively with each other and why others may conflict. Using finely tuned observational skills and an understanding of these styles, interpersonal transactions can be more effective, dental teams become more cohesive, and patients will be more satisfied with service provided in the dental practice. Each member of the team should understand his/her own personal style and those of teammates. Once that understanding is gained by all, it may be effectively applied to understanding patients. Behavior modification is at the heart of this concept. Adjusting your own behavior to the needs of others enables a patient to achieve more comfort with the dental team, and they are more likely to hear your verbal messages.