bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation Between Noradrenaline Fluxes, Metabolism and Compartmentalisation in Human Platelets
Authors: Legrand Chantal , Dubernard Véronique , Meyer Philippe 
Published: July 2018

Summary(3H) noradrenaline was taken up by human platelets and partially converted into sulfoconjugated noradrenaline. This uptake was inhibited by drugs which have been previously shown to impair the uptake of 5-HT (ouabain, chlorimipramine) or the storage of 5-HT (tyramine, reserpine) by platelets. In addition, tyramine and reserpine stimulated the formation of sulfoconjugated noradrenaline. The efflux of noradrenaline from platelets was measured in parallel and was found to be directly related to the proportion of non metabolized to metabolized noradrenaline in the cells. Unlike tyramine, which induced a similar release of noradrenaline and 5-HT, reserpine was less effective at inducing noradrenaline release than 5-HT release. This study indicates a preferential localization of noradrenaline in the granular pool of human platelets with the existence of an extragranular sulfoconjugated pool which is increased when the granular storage of noradrenaline is impaired. Studies of noradrenaline fluxes and metabolism may be useful in the understanding of both acquired and inherited platelet storage pool defects.
Aspirin Ingestion in Primary Thrombocythemia
Authors: Hattori Akira , Sanada Masayoshi , Nagayama Reizo , Shibata Akira , Okuma Minoru 
Published: July 2018

SummaryRecently Massotti et al. (14) and Patrono et al. (23) have proposed for antithrombotic therapy the use of small single dose of aspirin (ASA) every three or four days in order to inhibit thromboxane A2 production in the platelets but not to inhibit PGI2 production in the endothelium. Their data are theoretical and based on a small number of normal humans. We have examined the effect of a single ingestion of ASA (10 mg/kg) on spontaneous platelet aggregation (SPA) and collagen-induced aggregation (CA) in 11 patients with primary thrombocythemia using the original platelet-rich plasma. SPA and CA were positive in 8 out of 10 and in 11 out of 11 patients respectively before ASA ingestion. ASA abolished both types of aggregation in all patients at 12 h after the ingestion. But the recovery occurred in 1/11 in CA at 24 hr, in about half (3/8 SPA or 7/11 CA) of the patients at 48 hr, in 5/8 (SPA) and 10/11 (CA) at 72 hr and in 7/ 8 (SPA) and 11/11 (CA) at 96 hr. Since SPA and sometimes CA have been considered to be the parameters of the effect of ASA on hyperreactivity of the platelets in vivo, resulting in arterial thrombosis or insufficiency in these patients, our results suggest that daily or at least once per two days ingestion of ASA may be necessary in these patients. These results were discussed in relation to the platelet survivals (6.5â€“10 days) and the platelet cyclo-oxygenase or lipoxygenase activities (deficient in 3 patients for the former and in 2 for the latter) in our patients.
Factor IX Thrombogenicity: In Vivo Effects on Coagulation Activation and a Case Report of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
Authors: Small M , Lowe G D O , Douglas J T , Forbes C D , Prentice C R M 
Published: July 2018

SummaryAn episode of defibrination with bleeding following high dose Edinburgh Factor IX (D.E.F.IX) replacement in a patient with haemophilia B undergoing knee joint replacement is reported. We have also monitored plasma fibrinopeptide A levels in patients with haemophilia B following ten standard doses of D.E.F.IX (15–20 u/kg) and have been unable to document any change. Activation of the coagulation system, as previously noted, appears to be related to the use of Factor IX concentrates in high doses.
Assessment of Antithrombotic Properties of Sodium Ibuprofen
Authors: Esquivel Carlos O , Bergqvist David , Björck Claes-Göran , Carson Stan N , Nilsson Bodil 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe effect of sodium ibuprofen on platelet activity in vivo and the lysability of ex vivo thrombi was investigated. The formation of a hemostatic platelet plug in the rabbit mesentery and platelet embolism as a response to a laser-induced injury in the ear chamber of rabbits were used as models for determining platelet activity. Ibuprofen at a dose of 25 mg/kg i.v. was found to increase the primary (PHT) and the total hemostatic plug formation time (THT). The same dose decreased the number of cumulative emboli over a 10 min period after a laser injury to arterioles. A dose of 10 mg/kg i.v. did not affect the formation of the hemostatic platelet plug. In dogs, doses of 10, 25 und 50 mg/kg did not enhance the release of 125I-FDP from the thrombi after incubation in plasmin, but the largest dose which is approximately five times the recommended dose in humans, did significantly decrease the thrombus weight 90 and 180 min after the drug administration. In conclusion, sodium ibuprofen was shown to have an inhibitory effect on platelet function in vivo and in large doses was also found to diminish the thrombus weight.
Prostaglandin Synthesis in Aorta and Platelets of Fawn-Hooded Rats with Platelet Storage Pool Disease and Its Response to Cholesterol Feeding
Authors: Wey H , Gallon L , Subbiah M T R 
Published: July 2018

SummaryFawn-hooded (FH) rats possess a hereditary bleeding diathesis and platelet function defect, which is presumably the result of a storage pool deficiency. In this study, we have investigated the prostaglandin synthesis capacity of platelets and aorta from FH rats as compared to Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, after 2 months on a normal or 1% cholesterol diet. No difference was found in thromboxane B2 (TXB2) production by platelets of FH as compared to SD rats. Cholesterol-feeding resulted in an increased TXB2 production by SD platelets, but not FH platelets. FH rat aorta was found to convert significantly less arachidonic acid (AA) to 6-keto-prostaglandin-F1α (PGF1α) and cholesterol-feeding stimulated this reduced capacity. In contrast, cholesterolfeeding in the SD rat reduced aortic 6-keto-PGF1α production. Aggregation of platelet-rich plasma by AA was enhanced in the cholesterol-fed FH rat. This result suggests the possibility of an influence of platelet aggregability on aortic prostacyclin production.
Effect of Aspirin on Platelet 5-Hydroxytryptamine and Beta-Thromboglobulin Plasma Levels in Patients with Myeloproliferative Diseases
Authors: Viero P , Cortelazzo S , Bassan R , Barbui T 
Published: July 2018

Summary14 patients with myeloproliferative diseases (MD) showed low 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) platelet content and high beta-thromboglobulin (β-TG) plasma levels.This pattern could support the view that MD platelets undergo “in vivo“ degranulation.A single dose of aspirin was unable to induce modification of platelet 5-HT and plasma β-TG, whereas 6 out of 14 patientsNo modification of platelet 5-HT was obtained suggesting that the cause of dense bodies deficiency may lie in the production of abnormal platelets and not be related to “in vivo” degranulation.
Effects of Ticlopidine on Platelet Function and Blood Coagulation
Authors: Violi F , Alessandri C , Frattaroli S , Ghiselli A , Balsano F 
Published: July 2018

SummaryA double blind study was performed on 20 atherosclerotic patients. A placebo was administered to one group of 10 patients (group A) and ticlopidine (500 mg/day) was administered to another group of 10 patients (group B) for one month. ADP and collagen-induced platelet aggregation (PA), platelet malondial-deyde (MDA) produced by thrombin stimulation and plasma beta-thromboglobulin (βTG) levels, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) fibrinogen, antithrombin (AT) III, fibrin(ogen) degradation products, alpha2-antiplasmin and plasminogen were evaluated in both groups before and after treatment. No changes in PA, MDA and βTG were seen in group A. Group B showed a significant decrease of PA, βTG and a significant increase of MDA. No changes on blood coagulation data were seen in either group. This study suggests that ticlopidine is able to inhibit platelet function in vivo.
Surface Labeling of Human Platelets by Reductive Methylation
Authors: Spycher Martin O , Clemetson Kenneth J , Lüscher Ernst F 
Published: July 2018

SummaryA simple, reproducible method for the specific labeling of the surface proteins of human platelets with tritium is described. The labeled platelets were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (isoelectric focusing/sodium dodecyl sulfate-poly-acrylamide gel electrophoresis) followed by fluorography and the results compared with those obtained by conventional methods. Reductive methylation gave an intense labeling of membrane glycoproteins. There was no cross-linking of the labeled membrane proteins by formaldehyde nor could clear evidence be found that inner proteins were labeled by permeation of the reagents through the plasma membrane. As well as previously described platelet membrane glycoproteins, several others could be detected that were not invariably seen using labeling techniques.
Characterization of Factor VIII Related Protein Synthesized by Human Endothelial Cell: A Study of Structure and Function
Authors: Chan Vivian , Chan T K 
Published: July 2018

SummaryCrossed immunoelectrophoresis showed that factor VIII related protein (VIII R) synthesized in the human endothelial cell (EC-VIII R) had faster electrophoretic mobility than that secreted into the culture medium (MED-VIII R). Sodium dodecyl sulphate agarose gel electrophoresis followed by radioimmunofixation showed that EC-VIII R consisted of molecules varying from 0.26 × 106 to 3.76 × 106 daltons while MED-VIII R had molecules ranging from 0.93 × 106 to greater than 10 × 106 daltons, similar to that present in plasma. The smallest VIII R molecule present in normal plasma or spent culture medium (0.93 × 106 daltons) corresponded to a tetramer of subunits of 0.22-0.24 × 106 daltons. Only molecular forms greater than 3.76 × 106 daltons possessed ristocetin cofactor activity. Sonication (15 μ. amplitued for 30 secs) effectively broke the non-covalent bonds of the VIII R multimers resulting in smaller molecules. Thus endothelial cells in culture synthesized VIII R subunits and assembled them into the higher multimeric forms on secretion. Different types of von Willebrand disease could result from defects of either of the two processes.
Sequential Treatment of Arterial Occlusions with Porcine Plasmin and Low Dose Streptokinase
Authors: Marbet G A , Eichlisberger R , Duckert F , da Silva M A , Biland L , Widmer L K , Ritz R , Schmitt H E 
Published: July 2018

SummarySequential treatment of arterial occlusions of the leg with porcine plasmin and low dose streptokinase results in a strong systemic proteolysis as already seen in deep leg vein thrombosis. In 31 of 45 patients the blood flow through major arterial segments could be restored. Thrombolytic success is possible within the first two treatment days but for the majority of the cases fibrinolytic therapy for 3-6 days is needed. On the average treatment was 1 day shorter than in DVT cases. No statistical relationship between local thrombolysis and systemic proteolysis was detected.The thrombolytic efficacy of this regimen compares favourably with earlier experience on fibrinolytic therapy in arterial occlusions.
Exercise-Induced Fibrinolysis – Fact or Fiction?
Authors: Marsh N A , Gaffney P J 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe effect of strenuous exercise on the fibrinolytic and coagulation mechanisms was examined in six healthy male subjects. Five min bicycle exercise at a work-rate of 800 to 1200 kpm. min−1 produced an abrupt increase in plasma plasminogen activator levels which disappeared after 90 min. However, there was no change in early or late fibrin degradation products nor was there a change in fibrinopeptide A levels or βthromboglobulin levels after exercise although activated partial thromboplastin times were significantly shortened. It is concluded that strenuous exercise does not produce any real increase in fibrinogen-fibrin conversion nor any real increase in the breakdown of these proteins. The role of exercise-induced release of plasminogen activator remains unclear, but probably helps to maintain plasma levels in a discontinuous manner concurrently with the continuous low-level secretion from the vascular wall. The shortening of partial thromboplastin time may be due to the raised levels of plasminogen activator changing the activation state of other coagulation factors.
Partial Primary Structure of Human α2-Antiplasmin – Homology with Other Plasma Protease Inhibitors
Authors: Lijnen H R , Wiman B , Collen D 
Published: July 2018

SummaryHuman α2-antiplasmin was digested with trypsin and with chymotrypsin and about 70 percent of the amino acids were sequenced and aligned in peptides ranging from 2 to 33 residues. Here we report five sequences of 21 to 33 residues. When these were compared with the primary structures of antithrombin III, α1-antitrypsin and ovalbumin, which belong to the same protein superfamily (Hunt and Dayhoff [1980] Biochem Biophys Res Commun 95: 864–871), three peptides showed clear homologies with these proteins, indicating that α2-antiplasmin also belongs to that superfamily. In addition, α2-antiplasmin appeared to contain at least one internal homology.
Intravenous Injections of Tissue Thromboplastin and Phospholipase C in Sheep
Authors: Carlsen E , Hetland Ø , Janson T L 
Published: July 2018

SummaryTo gain further information about the protective effect of phospholipase C (PLC) against intravascular coagulation, we have carried out studies in sheep. Thromboplastin infusions gave a dose-dependent increase in pulmonary platelet-bound 11 inactivity and a dose-dependent decrease in arterial oxygen tension, factor VIIIc activity, fibrinogen level and platelet count. All these parameters were significantly correlated when doses of 0.4 – 0.5 ml bovine thromboplastin/kg/min were given. The model therefore seemed suitable for testing the effect of PLC in preventing intravascular coagulation elicited by infusion of thromboplastin. Our experiments show that PLC may have a certain protective effect against pulmonary microembolism caused by thromboplastin infusion, but there was no normalization of the pulmonary 111In-radioactivity from labelled platelets, arterial oxygen tension, coagulation factors or platelet count in contrast to earlier observations in rats. Protection was observed against the effect of lethal doses of thromboplastin, but although small doses of PLC were used, both sheep eventually died of PLC toxicity.
Thrombin-Induced Platelet Malondialdehyde (MDA) Formation in Normal Subjects and in Women Taking Oral Contraceptives
Authors: Hellstern P , Miyashita C , Köhler M , Wenzel E , Holl W 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThrombin-induced platelet malondialdehyde (MDA) production and platelet count were studied in 82 male and 74 female healthy blood donors. 37 women on oral contraceptives (OC) had significantly lower values of MDA production than women who were not using the pill. There were no statistically significant differences of MDA production in women on a low dose estrogen, a medium dose, and a relatively high dose. Males had significantly higher values than females. In 15 further subjects (5 males, 5 OC-users, 5 OC-nonusers) the kinetics of MDA formation was determined by using increasing doses of thrombin. No significant differences could be found. Platelet count in women on OCs was lightly increased, but the difference was not significant.
Studies on the Action of Ethamsylate (Dicynene) on Haemostasis
Authors: Hutton R A , Wickham E A , Reed J V , Tuddenham E G D 
Published: July 2018

SummaryTwelve healthy subjects received ethamsylate or a placebo by mouth over a 48 h period in a randomized double-blind trial. The template bleeding time (including estimation of amount of blood loss), platelet aggregation studies, and plasma levels of plasminogen, alpha2-antiplasmin and fibronectin were carried out before and during treatment. The effect of a single dose (600 mg) of aspirin, given 24 h after commencement of treatment, was also determined.Neither ethamsylate nor placebo caused a significant change in the basal values of any of the variables monitored but both the prolongation of the bleeding time and the amount of blood loss induced by aspirin were significantly less during ethamsylate treatment than with placebo. Ethamsylate failed to prevent the aspirin-induced elimination of the secondary wave of platelet aggregation.We conclude that ethamsylate may reduce the haemorrhagic symptoms associated with mild functional platelet defects.
Inhibition of PAF-lnduced Systemic Responses in the Rat, Guinea Pig, Dog and Primate by the Receptor Antagonist SRI 63-441
Authors: Handley D A , Tomesch J C , Saunders R N 
Published: July 2018

SummarySystemic administration of synthetic PAF produces a number of dose-dependent circulatory effects in a variety of species. We have evaluated a novel PAF antagonist, SRI 63-441, for its ability to inhibit PAF-induced effects in the rat, guinea pig, dog and primate. In the rat, a 100 ng kg-1 i.v. PAF challenge produced a (mean ± 1 S.D.) 39 ± 5% decrease in carotid blood pressure. Prior injection of SRI 63-441 inhibited this hypotensive response in a dose-dependent manner, with an ED50 of 0.15 mg kg-1 i.v. In the guinea pig, PAF at 100 ng kg-1 elicited a 50 ± 8% increase in hematocrit and a 50 ± 11% elevation in bronchial resistance. The ED50 values for inhibition by SRI 63-441 of these two physiological parameters were 0.012 mg kg-1 and 0.035 mg kg-1 i.a., respectively. Dogs challenged with 1.5 μg kg-1 PAF i.v. exhibited 28.7 ±6.5% increase in hematocrit 10 min after injection. The ED50 value for SRI 63-441 inhibition of hemoconcentration in the dog was 0.18 mg kg-1 i.v. In the primate model of PAF-induced hemoconcentration, controls responded to 3.5 pg kg-1 i.v. PAF with a 30 ± 6% increase in hematocrit. Using the primates in a cross-over design, the ED50 OF SRI 63-441 WAS 0.11 MG KG 1 i.v. At this ED50 value, the ratio of nmol kg-1 PAF used versus nmol kg-1 antagonist is ∼1:25. The effectiveness of SRI 63-441 in these models suggest potential clinical applications in disease states involving hyperpermeability and pulmonary dysfunction.
Der Einfluss des Body Mass Index auf die Mobilisation von Patienten in der Frührehabilitation
Authors: Liebl Max , Schwedtke Christine , Schröder Isabelle , Elmer Nancy , Reißhauer Anett 
Published: July 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Mobilisierung stellt in der Frührehabilitation adipöser Patienten eine zentrale Aufgabe und gleichzeitig eine besondere Herausforderung dar. Insbesondere bei höhergradiger Adipositas ist ein erhöhter Personal- und Materialaufwand notwendig. In der vorliegenden Arbeit soll der Zusammenhang zwischen Body Mass Index und der Entwicklung der mobilitätsbezogenen Funktionsfähigkeit untersucht werden.
Material und Methoden Diese retrospektive Kohortenstudie wurde an einer Stichprobe von n=129 initial immobilen Patienten in der fachübergreifenden Frührehabilitation (FR) an einer Universitätsklinik durchgeführt. Hauptzielkriterium war der Mobilisierungsfortschritt der Patienten. Die Mobilität wurde mittels Charité Mobilitäts-Index erfasst (CHARMI®, eine Mobilitäts-Rangskala von 0 bis 10 Punkten). Die Mobilisierungsfortschritte (CHARMI®-Werte pro Behandlungstag) wurden nach BMI-Gruppen verglichen.
Ergebnisse Die Gruppen der Normalgewichtigen (0,13 CHARMI-Punkte/Tag) und der Untergewichtigen (0,13) zeigten eine schnellere Mobilisierung als die Gruppen der Übergewichtigen (0,11) und der Adipösen (0,09). Adipöse Patienten erreichen am Ende der Frührehabilitation zwar annähernd das gleiche Mobilisationsniveau wie Patienten ohne Übergewicht, benötigen hierfür jedoch im Median 9 Tage länger (29 statt 20) als Normalgewichtige.
Diskussion Die Verteilung der Werte zeigt eine lineare Assoziation zwischen einem erhöhten BMI und geringeren Mobilisierungsfortschritten. Diese beschriebene Assoziation besteht trotz maximaler Therapiedichte und Mehraufwand für stark adipöse Patienten in der durchgeführten Frührehabilitation. Klinisch lässt sich daraus folgern, dass durch eine Maximalversorgung auch bei schwer adipösen Patienten eine Mobilisierung erzielt werden kann, die annähernd der von normalgewichtigen Patienten entspricht. Dieser Zustand kann jedoch nur mit einem deutlichen Mehraufwand an Personal, Material und Zeit erreicht werden.
Endoskopische Mukosaresektion (EMR) – Schritt für Schritt
Authors: Pagitz Manuel , Koch Maria , Hausmann Johannes , Albert Jörg 
Published: July 2018

AbstractColonoscopy with polypectomy has been shown to reduce the risk of colon cancer development. It is considered a fundamental skill for all endoscopists who perform colonoscopy. A variety of polypectomy techniques and devices are available, and their use can vary greatly based on local availability and preferences. Polyps that are difficult to remove due to location or size require advanced resection techniques, such as endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and the use of special devices for safe and effective removal. However, colonic EMR is not routinely part of the standard endoscopic curriculum that is normally offered to gastroenterologists. It requires dedicated training in advanced endoscopic resection techniques, clinical and interpretive skills, and the knowledge and ability to manage complications.The two most common post-polypectomy complications are bleeding and perforation. Their frequency can be limited with the use of meticulous polypectomy techniques and the application of some prophylactic manoeuvres.This paper gives a review of the step by step technique of polypectomy and its complications from the perspective of the practicing gastroenterologist.
Skoliosespezifische Physiotherapie bei Patienten mit idiopathischer Adoleszentenskoliose (AIS) – ein narratives Review
Authors: Nisser Jenny , Smolenski Ulrich , Śliwiński Grzegorz , Krüger Paula , Heinke Andreas , Malberg Hagen , Werner Michael , Drossel Welf-Guntram , Śliwiński Zbigniew , Derlien Steffen 
Published: July 2018

Zusammenfassung
Fragestellung Die Arbeit soll einen aktuellen Überblick über die konservativen Therapieverfahren (skoliosespezifischen Physiotherapie) bei Patienten mit idiopathischer Adoleszentenskoliose (AIS) im Allgemeinen liefern. Im Speziellen ist die FED-Methode (Fixation, Elongation, Derotation), welche Inhalt eines Forschungsprojektes (Förderkennzeichen: 19200 BR/3) ist, Gegenstand der Recherche.
Material und Methoden Diese narrative Literaturrecherche wurde in den Zeitraum von Nov. 2016 bis Jul. 2017 durchgeführt. Die erste Recherche erzielt die Auflistung der Therapieverfahren für Skoliosepatienten, während der zweite Teil der Charakterisierung dieser Verfahren dient. Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden 34 relevante Literaturstellen identifiziert und der Volltextanalyse unterzogen. Es existieren Behandlungsverfahren mit und ohne Autokorrektur. Zu den Behandlungsverfahren mit Autokorrektur zählen die folgenden Konzepte: Schroth-Methode, Side Shift Program, SEAS-Program, DoboMed, Lyon School, BSPTS, FITS und teilweise Klapp’sches Kriechen. Die Verfahren Vojta-Therapie, PEP-Programm, Hanke-Konzept E-Technik®, Bobath-Konzept, PNF und Riemenübungen gehören zu den Behandlungsverfahren ohne Autokorrektur.
Diskussion Die Schroth-Methode ist ein grundlegendes Therapieverfahren, woraus sich weitere Verfahren ableiteten. Zur Charakterisierung der FED-Methode (Fixation, Elongation, Derotation) wurde keine Referenz gefunden. Dieses Behandlungsverfahren wurde lediglich kurz in einer Arbeit erwähnt.
Schlussfolgerung Verschiedene Verfahren werden bei AIS angewendet. Diese Arbeit bietet einen Überblick über diese Therapieverfahren. Weitere Untersuchungen sollten sich mit den Wirkmechanismen der die FED-Methode befassen.