bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le territoire « essentiel » et « essentialisé » de la rivière Romaine des Innus d’Ekuanitshit
Authors: Desmeules Alexia , Guimond Laurie 
Published: September 2019

Depuis 2009, les membres de la communauté innue d’Ekuanitshit (aussi appelée Mingan) sur la Côte-Nord au Québec sont confrontés à un projet hydroélectrique d’envergure sur la rivière Romaine, partie intégrante du Nitassinan, leur territoire ancestral. La construction de quatre barrages, centrales et réservoirs, pour un coût estimé à 6,5 milliards de dollars, en fait l’un des plus gros chantiers en cours de développement dans le Nord canadien. Dans cet article, nous proposons une réflexion sur l’essentialisme dans le contexte de mégaprojets d’exploitation des ressources naturelles sur des territoires autochtones. En puisant dans les transformations du rapport identitaire que les Innus entretiennent avec la rivière Romaine, nous explorons les stratégies mises en place, d’un côté, pour renforcer leurs revendications, aspirations, et territorialités distinctes, de l’autre côté, pour les discréditer. Notre analyse révèle que, malgré les effets pervers de l’essentialisation des territorialités autochtones, le territoire n’en demeure pas moins essentiel.
Trajectoires de localisation, tendance de regroupement d’établissements et forme urbaine à Lévis (Québec)
Authors: Lolo Zikpi Yao 
Published: September 2019

Avec les données spatiales des biens immobiliers et en utilisant l’approche du modèle de Bernoulli et des techniques de système d’information géographique (SIG), nous analysons, dans cette étude, le comportement spatiotemporel des regroupements d’établissement dans la ville de Lévis, afin de répondre aux questions suivantes : les établissements tendent-ils à se regrouper par secteur économique en des lieux précis ? Si oui, peut-on délimiter les pôles d’activité économique à Lévis ? Les taux d’incidence y sont-ils différents ? L’évolution de la localisation des regroupements d’établissements suit-elle des trajectoires précises ? Peut-on en déduire la forme urbaine de Lévis ? Les résultats indiquent trois zones comme principaux pôles d’attraction des établissements. Les trajectoires de localisation des établissements se situent le long de certaines autoroutes de la rive sud du fleuve Saint-Laurent et d’autres routes joignant la périphérie à la rive. On en déduit que Lévis présente le caractère d’une ville polycentrique où la tendance d’agglomération s’effectue par différents secteurs ou par même secteur.
LOS AVATARES DEL FINANCIAMIENTO PARA EL DESARROLLO LOCAL EN MÉXICO: PERSPECTIVAS DECISIONALES DE INSTITUCIONES BANCARIAS
Authors: Vega Campos Miguel Ángel , Mballa Louis Valentin , Ibarra Cortés Mario Eduardo 
Published: September 2019

Resumen. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar una revisión de literatura sobre los mecanismos de financiamiento del desarrollo local, a través de algunas instituciones financieras a nivel internacional y, particularmente, en México. El argumento central es que la estrategia más factible para que los países logren esquemas adecuados de desarrollo local radica en el diseño e implementación de diferentes esquemas de financiamiento donde todas las personas, ya sean físicas o morales, tengan acceso a créditos que coadyuven en la potenciación de mejores condiciones de desarrollo humano. A través de un método simple de revisión de literatura, llegamos a la conclusión de que muchos de los productos o servicios financieros no han tenido la difusión o promoción necesaria para su real aplicación, que permitan mejorar las condiciones económicas o sociales de la ciudadanía.

Palabras clave: financiamiento, instituciones, banco, desarrollo local.

Abstract. The objective of this article is to present a literature review on financing mechanisms of local development, through some international financial institutions and particularly in Mexico. The central argument is that the most feasible strategy for countries to achieve adequate local development schemes lies in the design and implementation of different financing schemes where all people, whether physical or moral, have access to credits that contribute to the empowerment of better conditions of human development. Through a simple method of literature review, we conclude that many of the financial products or services have not had the diffusion or promotion necessary for its real application, that allow to improve the economic or social conditions of the citizens.

Key words: financing, institutions, bank, local development.
DIÁLOGO ENTRE ARTISTAS Y ARTESANOS EN UN ENTORNO RURAL: EJEMPLO DE DESARROLLO SOCIOCOMUNITARIO EN LA COMARCA DEL MAESTRAZGO TUROLENSE
Authors: Gascon Herrero Laura 
Published: September 2019

Resumen. Durante dos años (2015-2017) la Diputación Provincial de Teruel participó con otros tres socios de Rumanía y Hungría en el proyecto ARTEC de la iniciativa Europa Creativa para fomentar el diálogo entre artistas y artesanos. En el artículo se detallan las acciones para lograr ese objetivo implicando a personas de todas las edades en entornos naturales y patrimoniales que permitiesen la reflexión y la inspiración. También se comentan las estrategias aplicadas para conseguir el éxito en la participación de los alumnos, de la población de las localidades implicadas y las entidades. Este caldo de cultivo también logró el respaldo de los medios de comunicación lo que fue también positivo para conseguir el apoyo de los políticos de la institución.

Palabras clave: artistas, artesanos, tradición, arte, Diputación de Teruel.
Queer Representation Incorporated at “Him”, Character of “The Powerpuff Girls”
Authors: Santos Gustavo , Mancio Camila Peres , Maranho Elisa 
Published: September 2019

In audiovisual's history, minorities as LGBTQ+ people had been excluded or stereotyped, thus, this study has as a guiding question understanding “Him”, character of the classic cartoon series “The Powerpuff Girls”, produced between 1998 and 2005 by Cartoon Network - by the bias of the Queer Theory, which address the questions about non-heteronormative bodies that belong to marginalized groups whose rights are denied and their lives taken. For this, a documentary and exploratory methodology was used, based on the authors researches like: Guacira Louro, Judith Butler, Edgar Morin, besides the analysis of two episodes: Octil Evil and Bash Birthday. Thus, the problematizations arised here refer to: a) How the Queer is related to Him and its possible problems and b) The dialectic between the bodies discourses accepted and excluded from the heteronormative society. The argumentation of this research is sustained by homophobia and transphobia brazilian datas, which reveals the urge to approach matters about gender and sexuality representations.
Phenotypic Characterization and Molecular Phylogenetic Relationship of Erysiphe necator Infecting Grapes (Vitis vinifera)
Authors: Karthick Marimuthu , Kamalakannan Ayyanar , Malathi Varagur Ganesan , Paranidharan Vaikuntavasan , Sivakumar Uthandi , Kavino Mathiyazhagan , Gowrisri Nagaraj 
Published: September 2019

Grapes powdery mildew is caused by the most destructive pathogen Erysiphe necator leading to severe yield losses around the world. In order to study the phenotypic and molecular characters, the powdery mildew infected leaf samples were collected from eight different places in Coimbatore and Theni districts in the state of Tamil Nadu India. The identity of the pathogen as E. necator was established by microscopic studies and the isolates were further confirmed molecularly by amplification of Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and Cytochrome b gene (Cyt b). Further molecular confirmation was obtained by characterizing Cytochrome b. An amplicon size of ~ 367 and ~ 470 bp were obtained from amplification with Uncin144 and Uncin511 and Cyt b F and Cyt b R gene primers respectively. The identity for cyt b gene segment was 96 to 98%, similarity with E. necator isolates deposited in NCBI genbank (KY418048.1, KY418049.1).
A phylogenetic tree was constructed on the basis of nucleotide sequence of cytochrome b gene of the study isolates as well as E. necator and other Erysiphe species in NCBI database. From the tree it was evident that the study isolates from Tamil Nadu, India were very distinct from other E. necator isolates deposited in NCBI genbank database.
Pharmacological Screening for CNS Depression, Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Potentials of Sonneratia caseolaris (Linn.) Barks in Different Solvent Fraction
Authors: Munira Mst. Shirajum , Ahmed Syeda Naureen , Islam Md. Siddiqul , Islam Md. Shariful , Nesa Mst. Luthfun , Kabir Md. Humayun , Cruz Celia Vargas De la 
Published: September 2019

Aims: Bark of different fractions of Sonneratia caseolaris (Linn.) (Sonneratiaceae) were screened for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory and CNS activities.
Study Design: For the purpose of these experiments the extracts were subjected to an in-vivo study.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in August 2014 in the Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Methodology: Ethanolic (ETF), ethyl acetate (EAF), chloroform(CLF) and pet ether (PTF) fractions of bark of S. caseolaris were used to evaluate the analgesic activity using Acetic acid induced writhing and Formalin test. The same fractions were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity using Carrageenan induced hind paw edema model. The CNS depressant activity was evaluated by Hole cross method. Two doses of 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg were used.
Results: The different fractions produced significant (p<0.05) writhing inhibition at both doses and reduced the number of linking induced by formalin. Among these fractions the most potent activity was found in ETF about 79.40% (300 mg/kg) that was almost similar to standard Diclofenac-Na 82.78% (10 mg/kg), then EAF 74.59% followed by CLF 59.03% and PTF 52.45% at dose 300 mg/kg).
In formalin-induced paw licking model, all fractions of S. caseolaris showed superior result in the late phase compare to the early phase .The same fractions of extracts caused significant (p<0.05) inhibition of carrageenan induced paw edema in a dose dependent manner. A statistically significant (p<0.05) locomotor activity was also observed.
Conclusion: Our result revealed that all the extractives of S. caseolaris have noticeable analgesic, anti-inflammatory and CNS depressant activities.
Awareness of Corporate Social Responsibility Related Activities of Different Company for Building Brands from Customer Perspectives in Nepal
Authors: Magar Manoj Kumar Thapa , Pandit Ramanand , Parajuli Ayuska , Pandey Ashok 
Published: September 2019

Aims: The purpose of this study is to explore the consciousness of customers of different company on awareness of corporate social responsibility related activities of the different companies for building brands in Nepal.
Study Design: A quantitative methodology in the form of statistical analysis of the results was derived from the responses of a customer on to find out how CSR activities can be used in building brands in the different product used in Nepal.
Place and Duration of Study: A total of 452 consumers from various sites of Kathmandu valley from June 2018 to January 2019.
Methodology: This research applied a quantitative methodology using a survey questionnaire. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires distributed to public people who were using different products of Kathmandu Nepal. Convenience sampling was used in the distribution of the survey.
Results: The majority (40%) of the participants strongly agreed on giving values to female employees. Majority of the participants were agreed on different forms of CSR health activities done by the companies on affecting a branding.
Conclusion: Working on CSR social/community service, ethical CSR activities, CSR health activities and CSR environmental activities shall improve brand reputation.
Evaluating the strengths of salt bridges in the CutA1 protein using molecular dynamic simulations: a comparison of different force fields
Authors: Matsuura Yoshinori , Joti Yasumasa , Bagautdinov Bagautdin , Yutani Katsuhide 
Published: September 2019

Ion–ion interactions (salt bridges) between favorable pairs of charged residues are important for the conformational stability of proteins. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations are useful for elucidating the interactions among charged residues fluctuating in solution. However, the quality of MD results depends strongly on the force fields used. In this study, we compared the strengths of salt bridges among force fields by performing MD simulations using the CutA1 protein (trimer) from the hyperthermophile Pyrococcus horikoshii (PhCutA1), which has an unusually large proportion of charged residues. The force fields Chemistry at HARvard Macromolecular Mechanics (Charmm)27, Assisted Model Building and Energy Refinement (Amber)99sb, Amber14sb, GROningen Molecular Simulation (Gromos)43a1, and Gromos53a6 were used in combination with two different water models, tip3p (for Charmm27, Amber99sb, and Amber14sb) and simple point charge/extended (for Amber99sb, Gromos43a1, and Gromos53a6), yielding a total of six combinations. The RMSDs of all Cα atoms of PhCutA1 were similar among force fields, except for Charmm27, during 400‐ns MD simulations at 300 K; however, the radius of gyration (Rg) was greater for Amber99sb and shorter for Gromos43a1. The average strengths of salt bridges for each positively charged residue did not differ greatly among force fields, but the strengths at specific sites within the structure depended sensitively on the force field used. In the case of the Gromos group, positively charged residues could engage in favorable interactions with many more charged residues than in the other force fields, especially in loop regions; consequently, the apparent strength at each site was lower.
Dominant collagen XII mutations cause a distal myopathy
Authors: Mohassel Payam , Liewluck Teerin , Hu Ying , Ezzo Daniel , Ogata Tracy , Saade Dimah , Neuhaus Sarah , Bolduc Véronique , Zou Yaqun , Donkervoort Sandra , Medne Livija , Sumner Charlotte J. , Dyck P. James B. , Wierenga Klaas J. , Tennekoon Gihan , Finkel Richard S. , Chen Jiani , Winder Thomas L. , Staff Nathan P. , Foley A. Reghan , Koch Manuel , Bönnemann Carsten G. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo characterize the natural history and clinical features of myopathies caused by mono‐allelic, dominantly acting pathogenic variants in COL12A1.MethodsPatients with dominant COL12A1‐related myopathies were characterized by history and clinical examination, muscle imaging, and genetic analysis. Pathogenicity of the variants was assessed by immunostaining patient‐derived dermal fibroblast cultures for collagen XII.ResultsFour independent families with childhood‐onset weakness due to novel, dominantly acting pathogenic variants in COL12A1 were identified. Adult patients exhibited distal‐predominant weakness. Three families carried dominantly acting glycine missense variants, and one family had a heterozygous, intragenic, in‐frame deletion of exon 52 of COL12A1. All pathogenic variants resulted in increased intracellular retention of collagen XII in patient‐derived fibroblasts as well as loss of extracellular, fibrillar collagen XII deposition. Since haploinsufficiency for COL12A1 is largely clinically asymptomatic, we designed and evaluated small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) that specifically target the mutant allele containing the exon 52 deletion. Immunostaining of the patient fibroblasts treated with the siRNA showed a near complete correction of collagen XII staining patterns.InterpretationThis study characterizes a distal myopathy phenotype in adults with dominant COL12A1 pathogenic variants, further defining the phenotypic spectrum and natural history of COL12A1‐related myopathies. This work also provides proof of concept of a precision medicine treatment approach by proposing and validating allele‐specific knockdown using siRNAs specifically designed to target a patient’s dominant COL12A1 disease allele.
Comparison of Three Classification Criteria Sets for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Study Looking at Links to Outcome and Mortality
Authors: Carneiro Antonio Costa , Ruiz Marta Mozo , Freitas Sara , Isenberg David 
Published: September 2019

ObjectiveTo compare the ability of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR), Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC), and European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)/ACR systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) classification criteria sets to provide information regarding organ damage and mortality, over a 10‐year follow‐up period.MethodsUsing data from 100 patients, we completed each classification set at the time of diagnosis and recorded the SLICC/ACR Damage Index (SDI) score, renal damage, major cardiovascular events, and death, 10 years later. We reviewed the presence of other autoantibodies, linked to SLE but not included in the classification criteria sets, and assessed whether they impacted the predictive capacity of the classification sets.ResultsWe found a statistically significant association between the EULAR/ACR set and renal damage and SDI score, the latter after adjustment for age and sex. In the patients negative for other autoantibodies, higher EULAR/ACR scores were associated with higher rates of organ damage.ConclusionThese data suggest that the EULAR/ACR set may offer useful prognostic information, because higher scores were associated with higher rates of organ damage. These findings were clearer in patients negative for nondiagnostic SLE autoantibodies, who may benefit more from the predictive capacity of the EULAR/ACR set.
Treatment Delays Associated With Prior Authorization for Infusible Medications: A Cohort Study
Authors: Wallace Zachary S. , Harkness Tyler , Fu Xiaoqing , Stone John H. , Choi Hyon K. , Walensky Rochelle P. 
Published: September 2019

ObjectivePrior authorizations (PAs) are commonly used by health payers as cost‐containment strategies for expensive medications, including infused biologics. There is scarce data about the effect of PA requirements on patient‐oriented outcomes.MethodsWe included patients for whom an infusible medication was prescribed for a rheumatologic condition. The exposures of interest were a PA requirement and whether or not the PA was denied. The primary outcome was the difference in days from medication request to infusion. Secondary outcomes included the proportion of denied PAs and differences in glucocorticoid exposure following a PA request.ResultsOf the 225 patients, the infusible medications of 160 (71%) required a PA. PAs were associated with a greater number of days to infusion compared to cases in which no authorization was required (median 31 days [interquartile range (IQR) 15–60 days] versus median 27 days [IQR 13–41 days];P= 0.045), especially among the 33 patients (21%) whose PA was denied initially (median 50 days [IQR 31–76 days] versus median 27 days [IQR 13–41 days];P< 0.001). PA denials were associated with greater prednisone‐equivalent glucocorticoid exposure in the 3 months following the request than when a PA was not required (median 605 mg [IQR 0–1,575] versus median 160 mg [IQR 0–675];P= 0.01). Twenty‐seven of the 33 PA requests that were initially denied (82%) were eventually approved. Thus, 96% of all PAs were ultimately approved.ConclusionPA requirements are associated with treatment delays and denials are associated with greater glucocorticoid exposure. Because the great majority of PA requests are ultimately approved, the value of PA requirements and their impact on patient safety should be reevaluated.
2D Phononic Crystals: Progress and Prospects in Hypersound and Thermal Transport Engineering
Authors: Sledzinska Marianna , Graczykowski Bartlomiej , Maire Jeremie , Chavez‐Angel Emigdio , Sotomayor‐Torres Clivia M. , Alzina Francesc 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe central concept in phononics is the tuning of the phonon dispersion relation, or phonon engineering, which provides a means of controlling related properties such as group velocity or phonon interactions and, therefore, phonon propagation, in a wide range of frequencies depending on the geometries and sizes of the materials. Phononics exploits the present state of the art in nanofabrication to tailor dispersion relations in the range of GHz for the control of elastic waves/phonons propagation with applications toward new information technology concepts with phonons as state variable. Moreover, phonons provide an adaptable approach for supporting a coherent coupling between different state variables, and the development of nanoscale optomechanical systems during the last decade attests this prospect. The most extended approach to manipulate the phonon dispersion relation is introducing an artificial periodic modulation of the elastic properties, which is referred to as phononic crystal (PnC). Herein, the focus is on the recent experimental achievements in the fabrication and application of 2D PnCs enabling the modification of the dispersion relation of surface and membrane modes, and presenting phononic bandgaps, waveguiding, and confinement in the hypersonic regime. Furthermore, these artificial materials offer the potential of modifying and controlling the heat flow to enable new schemes in thermal management.
Ultrathin Cobalt–Manganese Nanosheets: An Efficient Platform for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation with Electron‐Donating Effect
Authors: Yang Gaoliang , Li Yunxiang , Pang Hong , Chang Kun , Ye Jinhua 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAn ultrathin cobalt–manganese (Co‐Mn) nanosheet, consisting of amorphous Co(OH)x layers and ultrasmall Mn3O4 nanocrystals, is designed as an efficient co‐catalyst on an α‐Fe2O3 film for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water oxidation. The uniformly distributed Co‐Mn nanosheets lead to a remarkable 2.6‐fold enhancement on the photocurrent density at 1.23 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and an impressive cathodic shift (≈200 mV) of onset potential compared with bare α‐Fe2O3 film. Furthermore, the decorated photoanode exhibits a prominent resistance against photocorrosion with excellent stability for over 10 h. Detailed mechanism investigation manifests that incorporation of Mn sites in the nanosheets could create electron donation to Co sites and facilitate the activation of the OH group, which drastically increases the catalytic activities for water oxidation. These findings provide valuable guidance for designing high‐performance co‐catalysts for PEC applications and open new avenues toward controlled fabrication of mixed metallic composites.
An Electrode Design Rule for Organic Photovoltaics Elucidated Using a Low Surface Area Electrode
Authors: Dabera G. Dinesha M. R. , Lee Jaemin , Hatton Ross A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIt is widely considered that charge carrier extraction in bulk‐heterojunction organic photovoltaics (BHJ OPVs) is most efficient when the area of contact between the semiconductor layers and the electrodes is maximized and the electrodes are electrically homogeneous. Herein, it is shown that ≈99% of the electrode surface can in fact be insulating without degrading the efficiency of charge carrier extraction, provided the spacing of the conducting areas is less than or equal to twice the optimal thickness of the BHJ layer. This striking result is demonstrated for BHJ OPVs with both conventional and inverted device architectures using two different types of BHJ OPVs, namely, PCDTBT:PC70BM and the ternary blend PBDB‐T:ITIC‐m:PC70BM. This finding opens the door to the use of a large pallet of materials for optical spacers and charge transport layers, based on a low density of conducting particles embedded in a wide bandgap insulating matrix.