bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomised Trial of Lipiodol Uterine Bathing Effect (LUBE) in Women with Endometriosis-Related Infertility
Authors: Johnson N.P. , Baidya S. , Jessup S.O. , Print C.G. , Muthukaruppan A. , Chamley L.W. , Hadden W.E. , Hull M.L. , Mehta S. , Shelling A.N. 
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND: We aimed to assess whether lipiodol alters endometrial gene expression through a uterine bathing effect that might enhance receptivity to embryo implantation. METHODS: An open-label randomised controlled trial design in a single-centre tertiary infertility service. Twelve women with endometriosis (n [Formula: see text] 11) or previous successful lipiodol procedure (n [Formula: see text] 1) were randomised to receive immediate or delayed lipiodol hysterosalpingography, followed by endometrial biopsy. Endometrial samples were assessed for gene expression, using Affymetrix microarrays and validation studies using reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Subsequent endometrial gene expression responses to treatment and clinical fertility outcomes were assessed. RESULTS: Eleven of 12 women had successful endometrial sampling procedures. Nine women had successful pregnancies within the 9-month follow-up phase. Following lipiodol bathing we identified 20 down-regulated and 13 up-regulated genes with p [Formula: see text] 0.05 and with magnitude of change [Formula: see text]1.5-fold in at least three of the four women, with osteopontin being the only gene down-regulated in all four women. CONCLUSIONS: This study supports the concept of a uterine bathing effect of lipiodol altering endometrial biology and gene expression. Whether regulation of inflammation and immune response pathways by lipiodol might contribute to an increase in endometrial receptivity to embryo implantation merits further investigation.
Engineering the TGFβ Receptor to Enhance the Therapeutic Potential of Natural Killer Cells as an Immunotherapy for Neuroblastoma
Authors: Burga Rachel A. , Yvon Eric , Chorvinsky Elizabeth , Fernandes Rohan , Cruz C. Russell Y. , Bollard Catherine M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPurpose:The ability of natural killer (NK) cells to lyse allogeneic targets, without the need for explicit matching or priming, makes them an attractive platform for cell-based immunotherapy. Umbilical cord blood is a practical source for generating banks of such third-party NK cells for “off-the-shelf” cell therapy applications. NK cells are highly cytolytic, and their potent antitumor effects can be rapidly triggered by a lack of HLA expression on interacting target cells, as is the case for a majority of solid tumors, including neuroblastoma. Neuroblastoma is a leading cause of pediatric cancer–related deaths and an ideal candidate for NK-cell therapy. However, the antitumor efficacy of NK cells is limited by immunosuppressive cytokines in the tumor microenvironment, such as TGFβ, which impair NK cell function and survival.Experimental Design:To overcome this, we genetically modified NK cells to express variant TGFβ receptors, which couple a mutant TGFβ dominant-negative receptor to NK-specific activating domains. We hypothesized that with these engineered receptors, inhibitory TGFβ signals are effectively converted to activating signals.Results:Modified NK cells exhibited higher cytotoxic activity against neuroblastoma in a TGFβ-rich environment in vitro and superior progression-free survival in vivo, as compared with their unmodified controls.Conclusions:Our results support the development of “off-the-shelf” gene-modified NK cells, that overcome TGFβ-mediated immune evasion, in patients with neuroblastoma and other TGFβ-secreting malignancies.
LRP6 Ectodomain Prevents SDF-1/CXCR4-Induced Breast Cancer Metastasis to Lung
Authors: Zhang Jiankang , Chen Jinxiao , Wo Da , Yan Hongwei , Liu Peng , Ma En , Li Limei , Zheng Liang , Chen Daxin , Yu Zuoren , Liang Chunli , Peng Jun , Ren Dan-ni , Zhu Weidong 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPurpose:Lung metastasis is an important cause of breast cancer–related deaths, in which SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling pathway plays a critical role. Single transmembrane protein LRP6 is viewed as an oncogene via activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Our work aims to investigate the relationship between SDF-1/CXCR4 and LRP6 in breast cancer lung metastasis.Experimental Design:We examined the expressions and functions of SDF-1/CXCR4 and LRP6 as well as their relationship in breast cancer in vitro and in vivo.Results:LRP6 ectodomain (LRP6N) directly bound to CXCR4 and competitively prevented SDF-1 binding to CXCR4. LRP6N prevented SDF-1/CXCR4-induced metastasis to lung and prolonged survival in mice bearing breast tumors, whereas LRP6 knockdown activated SDF-1/CXCR4 signal transduction and promoted lung metastasis and tumor death. Furthermore, patients with breast cancer with high CXCR4 expression had poor prognosis, which was exacerbated by low LRP6 expression but improved by high LRP6 expression. Interestingly, a secreted LRP6N was found in the serum of mice and humans, which was downregulated by the onset of cancer metastasis in both mice bearing breast cancer as well as in patients with breast cancer.Conclusions:LRP6N might be a promising diagnostic marker for the early detection of breast cancer metastasis as well as an inhibitor of SDF-1/CXCR4-induced breast cancer metastasis. LRP6N also provides an interesting link between Wnt signaling and SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling, the two key pathways involved in cancer development.
Medida da Participação e do Ambiente - Crianças e Jovens (PEM-CY)
Authors: Galvão Élida Rayanne Viana Pinheiro , Cazeiro Ana Paula Martins , De Campos Ana Carolina , Longo Egmar 
Published: April 2019

Introdução: A Medida da Participação e do Ambiente - Crianças e Jovens (PEM-CY) é um instrumento que avalia a participação desses indivíduos nos ambientes da casa, da escola e da comunidade, a partir da percepção de seus pais e/ou responsáveis. Objetivo: Adaptar culturalmente a PEM-CY para o português do Brasil. Método: O processo de adaptação transcultural foi composto por cinco estágios: (I) Adaptação inicial para o português do Brasil; (II) Síntese das versões; (III) Retrotradução; (IV) Comitê de especialistas; (V) Compreensão pelos pais e retrotradução para aprovação final. Resultados: As adaptações implementadas visaram favorecer a fluência na leitura, bem como facilitar a interpretação e compreensão do questionário. O título sofreu alteração e alguns termos foram substituídos nas instruções para pesquisa. Mais exemplos foram adicionados a algumas atividades das seções de participação e ambiente dos três ambientes, e algumas palavras foram alteradas para expressões mais equivalentes à linguagem popular. Conclusão: A versão adaptada para o português do Brasil disponibiliza um instrumento inovador de avaliação da participação e do ambiente de crianças e jovens que poderá ser utilizado em diferentes cenários de prática e pesquisa.
Pulselessness After Initiation of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for Bradycardia in Hospitalized Children
Authors: Khera Rohan , Tang Yuanyuan , Girotra Saket , Nadkarni Vinay M. , Link Mark S. , Raymond Tia T. , Guerguerian Anne-Marie , Berg Robert A. , Chan Paul S. ,   For the American Heart Association’s Get With the Guidelines-Resuscitation Investigators
Published: April 2019

Background:
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is initiated in hospitalized children with bradycardia and poor perfusion. However, their rate of progression to pulseless cardiac arrest despite CPR and the differences in survival compared with initially pulseless arrest are unknown. We examined the prevalence and predictors of survival of children who progress from bradycardia to pulseless in-hospital cardiac arrest despite CPR.

Methods:
Pediatric patients >30 days and <18 years of age who received CPR at hospitals participating in Get With The Guidelines–Resuscitation during 2000 to 2016 were included. Each CPR event was classified as bradycardia with pulse, bradycardia with subsequent pulselessness, and initial pulseless cardiac arrest. We assessed risk-adjusted rates of survival to hospital discharge using multilevel Poisson regression models.

Results:

Overall, 5592 pediatric patients were treated with CPR, of whom 2799 (50.1%) received CPR for bradycardia with poor perfusion and 2793 (49.9%) for initial pulseless cardiac arrest. Among those with bradycardia, 869 (31.0%, or 15.5% of cohort) became pulseless after a median of 3 minutes of CPR (interquartile range, 1–9 minutes). Rates of survival to discharge were 70.0% (1351 of 1930) for bradycardia with pulse, 30.1% (262 of 869) for bradycardia progressing to pulselessness, and 37.5% (1046 of 2793) for initial pulseless cardiac arrest (
P
for difference across groups <0.001). Children who became pulseless despite CPR for bradycardia had a 19% lower likelihood (risk ratio, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.70, 0.93];
P
=0.004) of surviving to hospital discharge than those who were initially pulseless. Among children who progressed to pulselessness despite CPR for bradycardia, a longer interval between CPR and pulselessness was a predictor of lower survival (reference, <2 minutes; for 2–5 minutes, risk ratio, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.41–0.70]; for >5 minutes, risk ratio, 0.41 [95% CI, 0.32–0.53]).

Conclusions:
Among hospitalized children in whom CPR is initiated, half have bradycardia with poor perfusion at the initiation of chest compressions, and nearly one-third of these progress to pulseless in-hospital cardiac arrest despite CPR. Survival was significantly lower for children who progress to pulselessness despite CPR compared with those who were initially pulseless. These findings suggest that pediatric patients who lose their pulse despite resuscitation attempts are at particularly high risk and require a renewed focus on postresuscitation care.
On Calculating Deposition Coefficients and Aspect-Ratio Evolution in Approximate Models of Ice Crystal Vapor Growth
Authors: Harrington Jerry Y. , Moyle Alfred , Hanson Lavender Elle , Morrison Hugh 
Published: April 2019

AbstractModels of ice crystal vapor growth require estimates of the deposition coefficient α when surface attachment kinetics limit growth and when ice crystal shape is predicted. Parametric models can be used to calculate α for faceted growth as long as characteristic supersaturation values are known. However, previously published measurements of are limited to temperatures higher than −40°C. Estimates of at temperatures between −40° and −70°C are provided here through reanalysis of vapor growth data. The estimated follow the same functional temperature dependence as data taken at higher temperatures. Polynomial fits to are used as inputs to a parameterization of α suitable for use in cloud models. Comparisons of the parameterization with wind tunnel data show that growth at liquid saturation and constant temperatures between −3° and −20°C can be modeled by ledge nucleation for larger (hundreds of micrometers) crystals; however, comparisons with free-fall chamber data at −7°C suggest that dislocation growth may be required to model the vapor growth of small crystals (~20 μm) at liquid saturation. The comparisons with free-fall chamber data also show that the parameterization can reproduce the measured pressure dependence of aspect-ratio evolution. Comparisons with a hexagonal growth model indicate that aspect-ratio evolution based on the theory of Chen and Lamb produces unrealistically fast column growth near −7°C that is mitigated if a theory based on faceted growth is used. This result indicates that the growth hypothesis used in habit-evolving microphysical models needs to be revised when deposition coefficients are predicted.
Tropical Cloud Cluster Environments and Their Importance for Tropical Cyclone Formation
Authors: Teng Hsu-Feng , Lee Cheng-Shang , Hsu Huang-Hsiung , Done James M. , Holland Greg J. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This study uses a nonhierarchical cluster analysis to identify the major environmental circulation patterns associated with tropical cloud cluster (TCC) formation in the western North Pacific. All TCCs that formed in July–October 1981–2009 are examined based on their 850-hPa wind field around TCC centers. Eight types of environmental circulation patterns are identified. Of these, four are related to monsoon systems (trough, confluence, north of trough, and south of trough), three are related to easterly systems (low-latitude zone, west of subtropical high, and southwest of subtropical high), and one is associated with low-latitude cross-equatorial flow. The genesis potential index (GPI) is analyzed to compare how favorable the environmental conditions are for tropical cyclone (TC) formation when TCCs form. Excluding three cluster types with the GPI lower than the climatology of all samples, TCCs formed in monsoon environments have larger sizes, lower brightness temperatures, longer lifetimes, and higher GPIs than those of TCCs formed in easterly environments. However, for TCCs formed in easterly environments, the average GPI for those TCCs that later develop into TCs (developing TCCs) is higher than that for other TCCs (nondeveloping TCCs). This difference is nonsignificant for TCCs formed in monsoon environments. Conversely, the average magnitudes of GPI are similar for developing TCCs, regardless of whether TCCs form in easterly or monsoon environments. In summary, the probability of a TCC to develop into a TC is more sensitive to the environmental conditions for TCCs formed in easterly environments than those formed in monsoon environments.
Observation-Based Estimates of Global and Basin Ocean Meridional Heat Transport Time Series
Authors: Trenberth Kevin E. , Zhang Yongxin , Fasullo John T. , Cheng Lijing 
Published: April 2019

AbstractOcean meridional heat transports (MHTs) are deduced as a residual using energy budgets to produce latitude versus time series for the globe, Indo-Pacific, and Atlantic. The top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiation is combined with the vertically integrated atmospheric energy divergence from atmospheric reanalyses to produce the net surface energy fluxes everywhere. The latter is then combined with estimates of the vertically integrated ocean heat content (OHC) tendency to produce estimates of the ocean heat divergence. Because seasonal sea ice and land runoff effects are not fully considered, the mean annual cycle is incomplete, but those effects are small for interannual variability. However, there is a mismatch between 12-month inferred surface flux and the corresponding OHC changes globally, requiring adjustments to account for the Earth’s global energy imbalance. Estimates are greatly improved by building in the constraint that MHT must go to zero at the northern and southern extents of the ocean basin at all times, enabling biases between the TOA and OHC data to be reconciled. Zonal mean global, Indo-Pacific, and Atlantic basin ocean MHTs are computed and presented as 12-month running means and for the mean annual cycle for 2000–16. For the Indo-Pacific, the tropical and subtropical MHTs feature a strong relationship with El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and in the Atlantic, MHT interannual variability is significantly affected by and likely influences the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). However, Atlantic and Pacific changes are linked, suggesting that the northern annular mode (as opposed to NAO) is predominant. There is also evidence of decadal variability or trends.
Understanding the Unusual Looping Track of Hurricane Joaquin (2015) and Its Forecast Errors
Authors: Miller William , Zhang Da-Lin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHurricane Joaquin (2015) took a climatologically unusual track southwestward into the Bahamas before recurving sharply out to sea. Several operational forecast models, including the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Global Forecast System (GFS), struggled to maintain the southwest motion in their early cycles and instead forecast the storm to turn west and then northwest, striking the U.S. coast. Early cycle GFS track errors are diagnosed using a tropical cyclone (TC) motion error budget equation and found to result from the model 1) not maintaining a sufficiently strong mid- to upper-level ridge northwest of Joaquin, and 2) generating a shallow vortex that did not interact strongly with upper-level northeasterly steering winds. High-resolution model simulations are used to test the sensitivity of Joaquin’s track forecast to both error sources. A control (CTL) simulation, initialized with an analysis generated from cycled hybrid data assimilation, successfully reproduces Joaquin’s observed rapid intensification and southwestward-looping track. A comparison of CTL with sensitivity runs from perturbed analyses confirms that a sufficiently strong mid- to upper-level ridge northwest of Joaquin and a vortex deep enough to interact with northeasterly flows associated with this ridge are both necessary for steering Joaquin southwestward. Contraction and vertical alignment of the CTL vortex during the early forecast period may have also helped draw the low-level vortex center southward. The results indicate that for TCs developing in vertically sheared environments, improved inner-core sampling by means of cloudy radiances and aircraft reconnaissance missions may help reduce track forecast errors by improving the model estimate of vortex depth.
Transcutaneous Suture Tip Plasty: The Technique and Outcomes
Authors: Turhal Goksel , Benzer Murat , Sahin Fetih Furkan , Midilli Rasit , Karci Bulent , Sahin Mustafa , Gode Sercan 
Published: April 2019

Purpose: Radical resections and invasive techniques have been mostly replaced with more conservative techniques. The aim of this study was to assess the objective and the subjective functional and aesthetic outcomes of transcutaneous suture tip plasty. Methods: A total of 20 patients were included in the study. Patients were treated with transcutaneous suture tip plasty. Functional results were assessed with pre- and postoperative 6-month Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) and acoustic rhinometry. The pre- and postoperative 6-month mean values of first minimal cross-sectional area (MCA1), second minimal cross-sectional area (MCA2), the distance from the tip of the probe to the first minimal cross-sectional area, the distance from the tip of the probe to the second minimal cross sectional area, nasal volume 1, and nasal volume 2 were measured. Facial analysis was made with the Rhinobase software, designed for facial analysis. Results: The mean pre- and postoperative SNOT-22 scores were 25.55 ± 6.64 and 15.70 ± 8.11, respectively ( P < .05). The mean pre- and postoperative nasolabial angles were 82.26º ± 5.69º and 101.47º ± 7.70º, respectively ( P < .05). The mean pre- and postoperative nasofrontal angles were 144.30º ± 3.81º and 138.25º ± 3.26º, respectively ( P < .05). The mean pre- and postoperative nasal length was 54.22 ± 4.62 mm and 49.95 ± 2.75 mm, respectively ( P < .05). The mean pre- and postoperative tip projection was 25.77 ± 3.64 mm and 28.40 ± 2.97 mm, respectively ( P < .05). Only postoperative MCA2 values on the right and left side were significantly different from preoperative MCA2 values ( P < .05). None of the remaining postoperative acoustic rhinometry scores significantly differed from preoperative scores. Two patients (10%) required revision at around 1 month after surgery due to suture loosening and breakage. Conclusions: Especially in the era of minimal invasive surgery, transcutaneous suspension tip plasty is promising, with rapid and reliable functional and cosmetic results. Further studies with longer follow-up durations are needed to assess the long-term outcomes of this technique.
Enslaved imaginations: The [Pelagian] heresy of market fundamentalism and Christian moral discernment
Authors: Crane Richard 
Published: April 2019

In many respects, the US economy bears little resemblance to a genuine free market system. The economic policy-making process has been captured by powerful interests, resulting in regressive arrangements that redistribute wealth upward. The inequality generated is sanctioned in popular discourse by a confusing of ideal free markets with real world markets. “Market fundamentalism” imagines the market as self-regulating, governed by economic laws inscribed into the natural order, and thus a free and fair system. This rhetoric disguises how the system’s structure favors some at the expense of others. Evaluating market fundamentalism with a theological lens reveals resemblances to the ancient Pelagian heresy. The “Pelagianism” of market fundamentalism lies in: (i) the assumption the market is natural, untainted by original sin; and (ii) the notion that every market participant possesses unfettered freedom, along with equal opportunity, to succeed. A Christian account of humans as entangled in sin should lead us to recognize all human constructs, including economic systems, are flawed and corrupted. This conviction should render Christians alert for systemic injustices and distortions. Market fundamentalism’s most insidious function is to prohibit moral evaluation of market outcomes on the grounds that free markets are fair. Christians bear a responsibility to expose the “heresy” of market fundamentalism as a “deceptive rhetoric” and to evaluate market outcomes in light of Jesus’ premium upon human well-being.
From Euphoria to Retreat: Formal Employment in Twenty-first-Century Brazil
Authors: Souen Jacqueline Aslan , de Souza Campos Guilherme Caldas 
Published: April 2019

In the 1990s the Brazilian labor market underwent a destructuring process that had profound consequences for Brazilian society. This situation, characterized by high levels of unemployment and informality, began to be modified only with the rise of a government focused on reconciling workers’ interests with the interests of capital associated with the economic growth that began with the international commodity cycle in the early 2000s. The result was a new phenomenon for the labor market—the strong growth of formal employment and labor income and the decline of other types of occupation—that was one of the pillars of social transformation of the country in this period. In recent years, however, a deep economic, political, and institutional crisis has reversed the favorable conditions that allowed this advance, producing a change in the labor market structuring of the previous period. Analysis of the labor market regression of these years using information from the Monthly Employment Survey (PME) and the new continuous National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) helps clarify the determinants and consequences of the recent economic crisis. Nos anos 1990, o mercado de trabalho brasileiro passou por um processo de desestruturação, com profundas consequências para a sociedade brasileira. Esta conjuntura, caracterizada pelos altos níveis de desemprego e de informalidade, só começou a ser modificada com a ascensão de um governo simpático aos interesses dos trabalhadores (conciliando-os com os interesses do capital) associada ao crescimento econômico que se iniciou no Brasil com o ciclo internacional das commodities no início dos anos 2000. Esta situação resultou em um fenômeno novo para o mercado de trabalho: o forte crescimento do emprego formal e da renda do trabalho, juntamente com retração das outras posições na ocupação, o que foi um dos pilares da transformação social ocorrida no país durante este período. Nos últimos anos, no entanto, uma profunda crise econômica, política e institucional reverteu as condições favoráveis que possibilitaram este avanço, apontando para a reversão da estruturação do mercado de trabalho que havia sido verificada no período anterior. Este artigo faz uma análise do retrocesso do mercado de trabalho nos últimos anos utilizando as informações da Pesquisa Mensal de Emprego e da nova Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua, elucidando os condicionantes e consequências da recente crise econômica.