bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Multicenter Analysis Examining Patients Undergoing Conversion of Implant-based Breast Reconstruction to Abdominally based Free Tissue Transfer
Authors: Zhao Ruya , Tran Bao , Doval Andres , Broadwater Gloria , Buretta Kate , Orr Jonah , Lee Bernard , Hollenbeck Scott 
Published: May 2018

Background Breast implant placement is the most common method for postmastectomy reconstruction. For patients who develop complications associated with implant-based reconstruction, additional surgeries may be challenging. This study examined implant-based reconstruction failure in patients undergoing salvage with abdominal free tissue transfer.
Methods We conducted an Institutional Review Board approved, multicenter retrospective study of patients with implant-based primary breast reconstruction followed by implant removal and subsequent abdominal free tissue transfer between 2006 and 2016. Patient demographics, treatment details, and complications were evaluated. Severity of implant failure was graded as either (1) not severe (delayed salvage reconstruction) or (2) severe (immediate salvage reconstruction).
Results Between 2006 and 2016, 115 patients with 180 mastectomy defects underwent primary implant-based reconstruction with subsequent implant removal and abdominally based free tissue reconstruction. Of these, 68 were delayed and 47 were immediate salvage reconstruction. Factors leading to elective removal were capsular contracture, asymmetry, and implant malposition. Factors leading to obligatory removal were infection, delayed wound healing, and implant extrusion. Postmastectomy radiation was significantly associated with immediate salvage reconstruction (p < 0.001, odds ratio = 3.9) as were large volume implants (p = 0.06). Deep inferior epigastric perforator flaps comprised 78.3% of all abdominally based free tissue reconstructions, while muscle-sparing transverse rectus abdominus myocutaneous flaps comprised 18.3%. Overall flap failure rate was 2.6% (2.94% delayed and 2.13% immediate salvage reconstruction; p = 1.0).
Conclusion Our findings suggest that abdominal free tissue transfer remains a safe and effective salvage modality for implant-based breast reconstruction failure. Patients with severe implant failure were more likely to have received radiation. Surgeons should remain cognizant of this during care of patients.
Pankreas-Stent-Dislokation und frustrane endoskopische Bergungsversuche: OP indiziert?
Authors: Hemmel Markus , Reitinger Steffen , Sackmann Michael , Schäfer Claus 
Published: May 2018

ZusammenfassungDie seit Langem eingesetzten Pankreasstents migrieren zu 7,5 % nach distal, zu 5,2 % nach proximal. Trotz verschiedener Möglichkeiten und Instrumente die nach proximal migrierten Stents zu bergen, gelingt dies nur in ca. 80 % der Fälle. Aufgrund der Folgeschäden und Risiken durch den verbleibenden Stent im Pankreasgang im Sinne einer chronischen Pankreatitis mit konsekutiver OP-Indikation bzw. mit erhöhtem Karzinomrisiko, rieten wir unserem Patienten, in Anbetracht der heute überschaubaren perioperativen Risiken, zur operativen Bergung.
Standardisierte Befundung und Dokumentation der Kontrastmittelsonografie der Leber (CEUS LI-RADS)
Authors: Potthoff Andrej , Helmberger Thomas , Ignee Andre , Willmann Juergen K. , Dietrich Christoph F. ,   on behalf of the CEUS LI-RADS Working Group
Published: May 2018

ZusammenfassungIn der Abklärung von hepatozellulären Karzinomen (HCCs) bei Hochrisikopatienten wurde zur standardisierten Befundung und Dokumentation der Kontrastmittel-Computertomografie (CECT) und Kontrastmittel-Magnetresonanztomografie (CEMRT) vor wenigen Jahren das „Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System” (LI-RADS) durch das American College of Radiology (ACR) erstellt. Die LI-RADS-Kategorisierung wird zur Klassifikation von Leberläsionen in der Leberzirrhose als sicher benigne (LR-1), intermediär (LR2 – 4) bis zu „definitiv HCC“ (LR-5) beurteilt. Seit 2014 wurde die LI-RADS-Klassifikation durch eine Arbeitsgruppe von internationalen Radiologen und Hepatologen auf die Kontrastmittelsonografie erweitert. Zeitgleich mit der Zulassung des Kontrastmittels SonoVue™ (in den USA Lumason™) wurde die Klassifikation 2016 in die LI-RADS Kategorisierung integriert und wird in diesem Artikel erläutert (CEUS-LI-RADS).
Flow-induced phase separation of active particles is controlled by boundary conditions
Authors: Thutupalli Shashi , Geyer Delphine , Singh Rajesh , Adhikari Ronojoy , Stone Howard A. 
Published: May 2018

Significance
Active particle suspensions comprise energy-consuming and hydrodynamically interacting units, such as swimming microorganisms, autophoretic colloids, and active droplets. Though it is now recognized that emergent self-organization in such systems is driven by their spontaneous hydrodynamic flow, it is still not well-understood how the modification of this flow by confining boundaries impacts self-organization. Here we combine experiments, theory, and simulations to elucidate the effect of boundaries on the spontaneous flow in a suspension of active emulsion droplets. Our results establish a widely applicable paradigm for flow-induced phase separation in active fluids and offer routes to manipulating their microstructure.
Continuity in foreign language education in Australia
Authors: Caruso Marinella , Brown Josh 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This article discusses the validity of the bonus for languages other than English (known as the Language Bonus) established in Australia to boost participation in language education. In subjecting this incentive plan to empirical investigation, we not only address a gap in the literature, but also continue the discussion on how to ensure that the efforts made by governments, schools, education agencies and teachers to support language study in schooling can have long-term success. Using data from a large-scale investigation, we consider the significance of the Language Bonus in influencing students’ decisions to study a language at school and at university. While this paper has a local focus – an English-speaking country in which language study is not compulsory – it engages with questions from the broader agenda of providing incentives for learning languages. It will be relevant especially for language policy in English speaking countries.
Dancing through the waves of feminism
Authors: Tsiakalou Ourania 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This article makes use of Roman Jakobson’s articulation of intersemiotic translation (Jakobson 1959). Taking the work of two different choreographers and dancers – Martha Graham and Marie Chouinard – to be instances of intersemiotic translation, I explore the cultural discourses they have produced in terms of the ways gender and sexuality emerge in the translations in question. The analysis sets the dance performances in the framework of feminist translation as articulated by Luise von Flotow (1991) and queer translation or queeriture, which I have articulated elsewhere (Tsiakalou 2013). These frameworks arise from two different and successive movements in translation and translation studies, which follow the “passage” from second-wave feminism to third-wave feminism or queer theory.
Defending either a personal or an assigned standpoint
Authors: Salminen Timo , Marttunen Miika 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis study clarifies whether a specific type of role play supports upper secondary school students’ collaborative argumentation. Data consist of 12 dyadic face-to-face and 12 chat debates. Data analysis focused on the quality of students’ argumentation. Comparisons were made between students who defended standpoints at variance with their personal opinions on the topics, between the two study modes and topics, and by gender. When the students defended a standpoint differing from their personal opinion, the male students engaged in counterargumentation more often than the female students. When, in turn, the students defended their personal standpoint, they produced both counterargumentative and non-argumentative speech turns equally often, and their arguments were more poorly elaborated than when they defended an assigned standpoint. The study suggests that role play in which both counterargumentation and students’ personal standpoints on an issue are taken into account is a viable means to support students’ high quality argumentation.
Text metaphtonymy
Authors: Denroche Charles 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis article starts by looking at the various ways metonymic and metaphoric thinking, as independent phenomena, organize text at discourse level. The literature on metaphor in discourse is classified under three broad categories, ‘metaphor clusters’, ‘metaphor chains’ and ‘extended metaphor’, while the less extensive body of research on metonymy in discourse is analyzed into parallel categories, ‘metonymy clusters’, ‘metonymy chains’ and ‘extended metonymy’. The article goes on to look at the ways in which metonymy-in-discourse and metaphor-in-discourse phenomena combine in making meaning at text level. The interplay of metonymy and metaphor in discourse, referred to here as ‘text metaphtonymy’, is explored under headings adapted fromGoossens (1990), namely, ‘metaphor within metonymy’ and ‘metonymy within metaphor’. The ways in which metonymy and metaphor combine at discourse level are shown to be varied and intricate. This has implications for applied linguists working with text. The direction further work in this area might take is indicated.
Metaphor-enriched social cognition and spatial bias in the courtroom
Authors: Winter Bodo , Daguna Joshua , Matlock Teenie 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIt is known that courtroom decisions can be influenced by subtle psychological biases, such as asking leading questions. Informed by metaphor research on the connection between spatial proximity and intimacy (e.g., ‘we areclose’, ‘their views arefar apart’), this paper reports four experiments that look at the potential role of psychological biases arising from the spatial layout of a courtroom. In particular, we ask the question: Does being close or far to a defendant influence one’s reasoning about who is likely to win or lose a court case? Working with an American (jury-based) legal system as an example, our experiments manipulated the physical distance between the jury box and the defendant’s table as shown on images of a courtroom. Across several manipulations, we discovered that participants judged the defendant to be more likely to win when the defendant’s table was located close to the jury box. These studies are in line with the research on ‘metaphor-enriched social cognition’, showing that the way we talk about relationships in terms of space corresponds to social reasoning in a spatial world.
“It’s like herding butterflies”
Authors: Marhula Joanna 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This study focuses on simile in real language use. More specifically, it examines the explanatory power of similes in dialogic interaction where speakers are trying to bring their intimate experiences closer to others. The material under analysis comes from BBC Radio 4 “Woman’s Hour” programmes and is characterized by a relatively high simile frequency compared with other spoken genres, for example, academic lectures (Low, 2010). In view of this fact, the study aims to explore the discourse functions of similes in radio talk: are they one-off rhetorical figures which cater for local discourse needs only, or do they also form extensive explanations with more global discourse functions? Apart from examining how simile-type comparisons are employed in radio conversations, the study also explores the interplay between similes and metaphors as well as their complementary role in realizing communicative discourse goals.
Nationalism and gender in the representation of non-Japanese characters’ speech in contemporary Japanese novels
Authors: Suzuki Satoko 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis study demonstrates that two types of language ideologies (linguistic nationalism and feminine language normativity) influence how Japanese contemporary novels represent non-Japanese characters’ speech. It investigates the role of gender and observes that novelists only infrequently assign highly gendered utterance-final forms to non-Japanese characters when they speak in Japanese. This tendency is more salient among the representations of male non-Japanese characters. Masculine expressions seem to belong to a set of linguistic resources that are considered available only to the Japanese. This exclusivism, i.e., linguistic nationalism, might explain the lack of highly masculine forms among non-Japanese characters in novels. As for the relatively frequent assignment of gendered language for female characters, the normativity of feminine language makes it part of the basic language of all female speakers including non-Japanese individuals. In addition, feminine expressions are not as strongly associated with authenticity as masculine expressions.
A genre-pragmatic analysis of Arabic academic book reviews (ArBRs)
Authors: Al-Ali Mohammed Nahar 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the rhetorical genre components and the pragmatic evaluation options used to articulate the communicative function of ArBR genre, and find out how these generic and evaluation options contrast with those reported in other languages and cultures. To this end, a corpus of 50 book reviews written by 50 Arab reviewers was collected and analyzed within the rhetorical components developed and applied byMotta-Roth (1998)to English book reviews. The present study drew onHyland (2000),Gea Valor (2000–2001),Moreno and Suárez (2008a)andAlcaraz-Ariza (2010)in order to examine how the qualities of ArBRs are evaluated and in which terms (i.e., criticism or praise). The results indicated that the Arab reviewers employed additional sub-moves that have not been used by other researchers. Unlike English book reviewers, Arab reviewers try to avoid criticism. Instead, they usually devote most of their book reviews to describe and summarize uncritically although critical appraisal is supposed to be the backbone of this genre. These purposive generic component preferences and evaluation tendencies can be explained with reference to the goal of the academic community and the writing culture that constrain Arab reviewers' academic behavior. I hope that the results of this study will provide graduate students and novice researchers with further awareness of the acceptable generic strategies, the linguistic choices and pragmatic evaluative options that can be used to write an evaluation of a piece of research.
Prospect development of local beef cattle from South Kalimantan as supporting to food sovereignty in Indonesia
Authors: Rahmatullah S N , Sulaiman A , Askalani  , Azizi N M K 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Development production of Indonesia local cattle didn’t balance increasing of consumption livestock in Indonesian so that’s makes imports are still high both local beef production. Indonesian local cattle is one of cattle the largest contributed the national meat production of ruminant particular group of cattle so that the livestock has the potential to be developed as a profitable business if doing of farmer. One of advantages is potential areas in South Kalimantan mainly swamp lands was very large. It’s one effort in national promoting food sovereignty programme and the provinces especially about introduction of Indonesian local cattle in the swamp area are also important. Availability of region in South Kalimantan spacious and great forage production, then prospects for cattle productivity there is huge so that’s can even increase income for farmers. The programme more serious support from the governance of South Kalimantan province to develop Indonesian local cattle in swamp area and in that’s a real policy for encouraging farmers to maintain Indonesian local cattle to make sustainable food in Indonesia.
Correct Laminar Positioning in the Neocortex Influences Proper Dendritic and Synaptic Development
Authors: Martineau Fanny Sandrine , Sahu Surajit , Plantier Vanessa , Buhler Emmanuelle , Schaller Fabienne , Fournier Lauriane , Chazal Geneviève , Kawasaki Hiroshi , Represa Alfonso , Watrin Françoise , Manent Jean-Bernard 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The neocortex is a 6-layered laminated structure with a precise anatomical and functional organization ensuring proper function. Laminar positioning of cortical neurons, as determined by termination of neuronal migration, is a key determinant of their ability to assemble into functional circuits. However, the exact contribution of laminar placement to dendrite morphogenesis and synapse formation remains unclear. Here we manipulated the laminar position of cortical neurons by knocking down doublecortin (Dcx), a crucial effector of migration, and show that misplaced neurons fail to properly form dendrites, spines, and functional glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses. We further show that knocking down Dcx in properly positioned neurons induces similar but milder defects, suggesting that the laminar misplacement is the primary cause of altered neuronal development. Thus, the specific laminar environment of their fated layers is crucial for the maturation of cortical neurons, and influences their functional integration into developing cortical circuits.
An Exploration of Smoking-to-Vaping Transition Attempts Using a “Smart” Electronic Nicotine Delivery System
Authors: Blank Mei-Ling , Hoek Janet , George Mark , Gendall Philip , Conner Tamlin S , Thrul Johannes , Ling Pamela M , Langlotz Tobias 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Introduction
Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) are used to aid smoking cessation attempts; however, many smokers continue to smoke while using an ENDS (dual use). Although uncertainty remains regarding whether specific ENDS patterns hinder or support successful smoking cessation, recent advances in “smart” technology allow passive and active recording of behaviors in real time, enabling more detailed insights into how smoking and vaping patterns may coevolve. We describe patterns of ENDS initiation, and subsequent use, including any changes in cigarette consumption, among daily smokers using a “smart” ENDS (S-ENDS) to quit smoking.

Method
An 8-week long mixed-methods feasibility study used Bluetooth-enabled S-ENDS that passively recorded real-time device use by participants (n = 11). Daily surveys administered via smartphones collected data on self-reported cigarette consumption.

Results
All 11 participants were dual users, at least initially, during their quit attempt. We observed three provisional vaping and smoking patterns: immediate and intensive ENDS initiation coupled with immediate, dramatic, and sustained smoking reduction, leading to smoking abstinence; gradual ENDS uptake with gradual smoking reductions, leading to daily dual use throughout the study period; and ENDS experimentation with return to exclusive smoking. For six participants, the patterns observed in week 1 were similar to the vaping and smoking patterns observed throughout the rest of the study period.

Conclusion
Technological advances now allow fine-grained description of ENDS use and smoking patterns. Larger and longer studies describing smoking-to-vaping patterns, and estimating associations with smoking outcomes, could inform ENDS-specific cessation advice promoting full transition from smoking to exclusive ENDS use.

Implications
The use of an S-ENDS that recorded real-time device use among daily smokers engaged in a quit attempt provides insight into patterns and trajectories of dual use (continuing to smoke while using ENDS), and the possible associations between ENDS initiation, subsequent use, and smoking cessation outcomes. Such work could support more targeted cessation counseling and technical advice for smokers using ENDS to quit smoking, reduce the risk of users developing long-term dual use patterns, and enhance the contributions ENDS may make to reducing smoking prevalence.
Microsurgical Resection of Glomus Jugulare Tumors With Facial Nerve Reconstruction: 3-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Cândido Duarte N C , de Oliveira Jean Gonçalves , Borba Luis A B 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Paragangliomas are tumors originating from the paraganglionic system (autonomic nervous system), mostly found at the region around the jugular bulb, for which reason they are also termed glomus jugulare tumors (GJT). Although these lesions appear to be histologically benign, clinically they present with great morbidity, especially due to invasion of nearby structures such as the lower cranial nerves. These are challenging tumors, as they need complex approaches and great knowledge of the skull base. We present the case of a 31-year-old woman, operated by the senior author, with a 1-year history of tinnitus, vertigo, and progressive hearing loss, that evolved with facial nerve palsy (House-Brackmann IV) 2 months before surgery. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scans demonstrated a typical lesion with intense flow voids at the jugular foramen region with invasion of the petrous and tympanic bone, carotid canal, and middle ear, and extending to the infratemporal fossa (type C2 of Fisch's classification for GJT). During the procedure the mastoid part of the facial nerve was identified involved by tumor and needed to be resected. We also describe the technique for nerve reconstruction, using an interposition graft from the great auricular nerve, harvested at the beginning of the surgery. We achieved total tumor resection with a remarkable postoperative course. The patient also presented with facial function after 6 months. The patient consented with publication of her images.
The efficacy of electrical spinal fusion stimulators on fusion rates: a meta-analysis
Authors: Hijji Fady Y. , Narain Ankur S. , Haws Brittany E. , Khechen Benjamin , Bohl Daniel D. , Kudaravalli Krishna T. , Yom Kelly H. , Singh Kern 
Published: May 2018

Background:
Previous studies have investigated the clinical effectiveness of electrical stimulation. However, minimal aggregate data from randomized controlled trials (RCT) exist to determine the overall efficacy of stimulators on spinal fusion outcomes. Thus, a meta-analysis of RCTs was undertaken to elucidate the effect of spinal fusion stimulators on fusion rates after spinal fusion procedures.

Methods:
This meta-analysis followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. RCTs that compared fusion rates between cohorts receiving either electrical stimulation or a placebo/control following spinal fusion were included. Studies were obtained from literature searches of PubMed and MEDLINE databases. Articles without 1 yr follow-up or complete randomization were excluded. The primary outcome was fusion rate. A meta-analysis on relative risks for fusion was performed. The summary estimate was derived using Mantel-Haenszel methods.

Results:
Out of six RCTs, fusion rates ranged from 35.4% to 90.6% in stimulation groups, and 33.3% to 92.8% in control groups. There was no significant difference in fusion rates between spinal stimulator and control groups (P=0.067). Four of six studies exhibited a variety of study population characteristics, including a mixture of primary and revision spinal fusions, single-level and multi-level procedures, and electrical stimulation types.

Conclusions:
The results from the present study suggest no significant effect of spinal fusion stimulators on rates of spinal fusion when compared to control treatments. Physicians should use caution when interpreting these studies. Further RCTs demonstrating uniformity are necessary to better understand the effects of electrical stimulators on spinal fusion.