bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Violence committed by intimate partners of physicians, nurses and nursing assistants
Authors: Carmona‐Torres J.M. , Recio‐Andrade B. , Rodríguez‐Borrego M.A. 
Published: February 2018

AimTo estimate the prevalence of intimate partner abuse in physicians, nurses and nursing assistants and risk factors in the Spanish Health Service.BackgroundIn Spain, the national public health service is the most likely point of primary care access for victims of intimate partner violence. However, health professionals are also victims of violence by their intimate partner. Little research has been undertaken exploring the prevalence and risk factors of this abuse in health professionals.MethodsA cross‐sectional multicenter study in professionals of both sexes who were working in the Spanish Public Health Service was performed. The health professionals completed an online survey of intimate violence abuse: for women, the screening of abuse against women by an intimate partner, and for men, the domestic violence screening tool in a family setting. A descriptive and comparative analysis was performed.ResultsThe sample consisted of 1071 professionals: 49.9% were physicians, 46.9% were nurses and 3.3% were nursing assistants. Of the participants, 26.6% had experienced some form of abuse, and 73.3% of the abused professionals had not spoken of their experience of abuse with anyone else.ConclusionMen experienced a lower incidence of intimate partner violence than women. In fact, 34% of the female participants were in an abusive relationship, which is a higher percentage than that observed in studies of the general Spanish female population (11.7%). It appears that being female and a nurse are risk factors for abuse.Implications for nursing and health policyThese data suggest the urgent implementation of action plans for the provision of support for the victims and for interventions aimed at reducing the problem. Better training and awareness‐raising programmes that improve the detection of intimate partner violence and the care of its victims are also necessary.
Functional characterisation of bioactive peptide derived from terrestrial snail Cryptozona bistrialis and its wound‐healing property in normal and diabetic‐induced Wistar albino rats
Authors: Ulagesan Selvakumari , Sankaranarayanan Kamatchi , Kuppusamy Amutha 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA peptide might be an exciting biomaterial or template for the development of novel wound‐healing agents. In this report, it was isolated from the terrestrial snail Cryptozona bistrialis by enzymatic digestion and was evaluated for its in vitro wound‐healing activity in NIH/3T3 mouse fibroblasts cell line and in vivo wound‐healing activity in normal and diabetic‐induced Wistar albino rats. The C. bistrialis protein was digested by the papain enzyme, and 21.79 kDa peptide (Cb‐peptide) was purified by reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography and identified by MALDI (matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization)‐TOF analysis. The isolated Cb‐peptide was characterised by various analytical methods. The peptide demonstrated a capacity to prevent the development of pathogenic bacterial and fungal cultures and proved that it promotes significant wound‐healing activity in the wound scratch assay method by rapid cell migration and closure of wound. Isolated Cb‐peptide was lyophilised and formulated to ointment and analysed for in vivo wound‐healing activity in normal and diabetic (alloxan monohydrate)‐induced Wistar albino rats. Cb‐peptide ointment‐treated groups showed a greater degree of wound healing and early and complete period of epithelialisation in normal and diabetic‐induced Wistar albino rats. Cb‐peptide ointment‐treated groups showed significant excision and incision wound‐healing activity. A conclusion was reached that the peptide isolated from C. bistrialis showed greater wound‐healing activity compared with vehicle control and standard control.
High‐temperature effects on the light transmission through sapphire optical fiber
Authors: Wilson Brandon A. , Petrie Christian M. , Blue Thomas E. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSingle crystal sapphire optical fiber was tested at high temperatures (1500°C) to determine its suitability for optical instrumentation in high‐temperature environments. Broadband light transmission (450‐2300 nm) through sapphire fiber was measured as a function of temperature as a test of the fiber's ability to survive and operate in high‐temperature environments. Upon heating sapphire fiber to 1400°C, large amounts of light attenuation were measured across the entire range of light wavelengths that were tested. SEM and TEM images of the heated sapphire fiber indicated that a layer had formed at the surface of the fiber, most likely due to a chemical change at high temperatures. The microscopy results suggest that the surface layer may be in the form of aluminum hydroxide. Subsequent tests of sapphire fiber in an inert atmosphere showed minimal light attenuation at high temperatures along with the elimination of any surface layers on the fiber, indicating that the air atmosphere is indeed responsible for the increased attenuation and surface layer formation at high temperatures.
Influence of pozzolanic additives on hydration mechanisms of tricalcium silicate
Authors: Lapeyre Jonathan , Kumar Aditya 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPozzolanic mineral additives, such as silica fume (SF) and metakaolin (MK), are used to partially replace cement in concrete. This study employs extensive experimentation and simulations to elucidate and contrast the influence of SF and MK on the early age hydration rates of tricalcium silicate (triclinic C3S), the major phase in cement. Results show that at low replacement levels (i.e., ≤10%), both SF and MK accelerate C3S hydration rates via the filler effect, that is, enhanced heterogeneous nucleation of the main hydration product (C–S–H: calcium‐silicate‐hydrate) on the extra surfaces provided by the additive. The filler effect of SF is inferior to that of MK because of agglomeration of the fine particles of SF, which causes significant reduction (i.e., up to 97%) in its surface area. At higher replacement levels (i.e., ≥20%), while SF continues to serve as a filler, the propensity of MK to allow nucleation of C–S–H on its surface is substantially suppressed. This reversal in the filler effect of MK is attributed to the abundance of aluminate [Al(OH)4−] ions in the solution—released from the dissolution of MK—which inhibit topographical sites for C–S–H nucleation and impede its subsequent growth. Results also show that in the first 24 hours of hydration, MK is a superior pozzolan compared to SF. However, the pozzolanic activities of both SF and MK are limited and, thus, do not produce significant alterations in the early age hydration kinetics of C3S. Overall, the outcomes of this study provide novel insights into the mechanistic origins of the filler and pozzolanic effects of SF and MK, and their impact on cementitious reaction rates.
Microsatellite diversity of a critically endangered sturgeon, Acipenser sturio L. 1758, assessed from museum and archaeological tissue remains
Authors: Chassaing Olivier , Desse‐Berset Nathalie , Hänni Catherine , Hughes Sandrine , Berrebi Patrick 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimThe European sturgeon, Acipenser sturio, was classified as “Critically Endangered” in 1996. Its last natural population is currently living in the Gironde Estuary (French Atlantic coastal region) but has a low level of genetic diversity and is on the brink of extinction. In order to reconstitute the genetic structure, migrations and hybridization of the species across Europe, present‐day and ancient tissues from museum specimens and archaeological remains were analysed at nuclear loci. Results obtained shed a new light on the limits of reintroduction for this species.LocationThe present and past phylogeography of A. sturio in Europe are described with living specimens from the Gironde Estuary, museum specimens (19th and 20th centuries) and archaeological remains (260–2,500 BP) from most European coasts and rivers.MethodsWe describe the current and past nuclear diversity observed at five microsatellite loci for 22 living, 42 museum and 38 archaeological specimens.ResultsThe results revealed high past allelic diversity for A. sturio in the western Mediterranean and Adriatic Sea, whereas the Atlantic and Black Sea regions were marginal areas with lower polymorphism. Acipenser sturio was subdivided into Atlantic and Mediterranean lineages, with between‐lineage intraspecific hybrid individuals and Atlantic individuals caught in the Mediterranean, evidence of ancient migrations. Finally, these nuclear data also highlight hybrids with a sibling species, the Atlantic sturgeon (A. oxyrinchus), possibly even in the last living population in the Gironde Estuary.Main conclusionsNuclear markers allowed the phylogeographic description of this sturgeon. The molecular analysis provided evidence of high past diversity in the Mediterranean and the detection of hybridization: two of the individuals analysed here (i.e. 3%) were A. sturio × A. oxyrinchus hybrids, five (8%) were found to have migrated between Atlantic and Mediterranean (individuals of Atlantic lineage captured in the Mediterranean and vice versa) and two (3%) were Atlantic–Mediterranean hybridized. Around 10% of the A sturio specimens have undergone migrations between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, new knowledge which provides valuable arguments for reintroduction plans, that is, the possible use of European sturgeons for Mediterranean stocking and of A. oxyrinchus for European stocking.
New evidence on the effect of computerized individualized practice and instruction on language skills
Authors: Ghysels J. , Haelermans C. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis paper provides new evidence on the effect of computerized individualized practice and instruction on language skills, more specifically on spelling. An individually randomized experiment among 7th grade students in the Netherlands is developed to study the effect of an adaptive digital homework tool on spelling performance. Using an instrumental variable approach to control for actual use of the digital tool, we show that there are small positive effects of practicing with an adaptive digital tool for spelling for 7th grade students. Effects are largest for low‐performing students.
Denosumab‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw following non‐surgical periodontal therapy: A case report
Authors: Diniz‐Freitas Márcio , Fernández‐Feijoo Javier , Diz Dios Pedro , Pousa Xiana , Limeres Jacobo 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIntroductionOsteonecrosis of the jaw associated with bisphosphonates is currently called medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ), given that in addition to bisphosphonates, jaw osteonecrosis has been related to the administration of other antiresorptive and antiangiogenic drugs, such as denosumab, sunitinib, bevacizumab and ipilimumab.Case PresentationA 77‐year‐old patient with osteoporosis treated with subcutaneous injections of denosumab at an interval of 6 months is presented. The patient developed MRONJ after receiving a non‐surgical periodontal therapy. Although the MRONJ was initially classified as a stage I lesion in this patient, cone beam computed tomography images confirmed the presence of a significant osteolytic lesion. Treatment consisted of the administration of chlorhexidine mouthwash and systemic doxycycline, exodontia of the involved teeth, sequestrectomy and complete surgical debridement of the necrotic bone.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first case reported in the literature of MRONJ following non‐surgical periodontal therapy in a patient with osteoporosis treated with denosumab. The risk of MRONJ development after a periodontal procedure and how to prevent this complication are still unknown.
Toward a Resource Theory of Fathering
Authors: Palkovitz Rob , Hull James 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA resource model of fathering is elaborated as a proposed midrange father‐centered theory that provides a comprehensive framework for integrating the fathering literature. By explaining how fathers manage multiple components of fathering across levels and domains that are embedded within personal, interpersonal, and community contexts, the proposed theoretical model incorporates cognitive, affective, and behavioral aspects of lived experiences. Integrating existing theories to explain observed diversity in common measures of fathering, including assessments of father–child attachment, paternal style, and father involvement, the proposed theory provides direction for advancing an understanding of fathering by identifying under‐researched associations between fathers and the contexts and relationships in which they are embedded with the potential for informing fathering education and intervention.
Between Individual and Family Coping: A Decade of Theory and Research on Couples Coping With Health‐Related Stress
Authors: Lee Eunjin , Roberts Linda J. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAlthough adjusting to health‐related stress is a critical process, existing individual and family stress and coping theories are inadequate for understanding the processes that occur in the context of a couple coping with health‐related stress. Focusing on the past decade, this review identifies empirical studies adopting a dyadic perspective to examine couples coping with health‐related stress. Four dyadic coping theories are identified, and this emerging theoretical landscape is summarized and evaluated. Despite advances in dyadic conceptualizations of stress and coping, the field lacks a comprehensive framework to guide research and integrate the diverse emerging theories. An ecological intra‐ and interpersonal process (EIIPP) framework is introduced to integrate current work in dyadic coping and to incorporate enduring contributions from the work on individual and family‐systems stress and coping that predates the explicitly dyadic conceptualizations. The review concludes by highlighting potential contributions of the EIIPP framework for advancing the family field.
Short fiber‐reinforced composite restorations: A review of the current literature
Authors: Garoushi Sufyan , Gargoum Ausama , Vallittu Pekka K. , Lassila Lippo 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA newly‐recommended method for restoring large cavities is the biomimetic approach of using short fiber‐reinforced composite (SFRC) as dentine‐replacing material. The aim of the current review was to present an overview of SFRC and to give the clinician a detailed understanding of this new material and treatment strategy based on available‐literature review. A thorough literature search was done up to December 2017. The range of relevant publications was surveyed using PubMed and Google Scholar. From the search results, articles related to our search terms were only considered. The search terms used were “short fiber‐reinforced composite”, “everX posterior”, and “fiber‐reinforced composite restorations”. Of the assessed articles selected (N = 70), most were laboratory‐based research with various test specimen designs prepared according to the ISO standard or with extracted teeth; only four articles were clinical reports. A common finding was that by combining the SFRC as a bulk base with conventional composite, the load‐bearing capacity and failure mode of the material combination were improved, as compared to plain conventional composite restoration. In the reviewed studies, the biomimetic restoration technique of using SFRC showed promising characteristics, and therefore, might be recommended as an alternative treatment option for large cavities.
Institutional Isomorphism in Religious Entities of Post‐Soviet Tajikistan
Authors: Zainiddinov Hakim 
Published: February 2018

AbstractGrounded in institutional isomorphism theory, the paper analyzes the extent to which the process of homogenization (isomorphism) can be useful in our understanding of changes within religious entities. Examining the emergence and development of religious entities in post‐Soviet Tajikistan, I find that three isomorphic mechanisms are less dependent on the impact of religious institutional environments and interaction among religious organizations. Rather, isomorphic changes are manifested as the result of interaction with the state. Mimetic and normative processes are observed in a weak state, whereas coercive isomorphism is exerted under the influence of a strong state. A relative heterogeneity of the religious field is observed in the first two stages of the development of religious entities. Once the state expands its regulation and control, religious entities become more homogeneous in structure and administration due to coercive isomorphism. Implications for extending the concept of institutional isomorphism beyond traditional organizational fields are discussed.
The antimicrobial peptaibol trichokonin IV promotes plant growth and induces systemic resistance against Botrytis cinerea infection in moth orchid
Authors: Zhao Peibao , Ren Aizhi , Dong Ping , Sheng Yinsheng , Chang Xue , Zhang Xiusheng 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTrichokonins (TKs) are antimicrobial peptaibols that are extracted from Trichoderma pseudokoningii strain SMF2. We discovered that TK VI, the primary active constituent of TKs, not only promotes growth, but also induces systemic resistance against grey mould caused by Botrytis cinerea in moth orchid (Phalaenopsis). Firstly, following treatment with TK VI, the growth of several varieties of Phalaenopsis increased relative to the control treatment. Both the aboveground and belowground biomass increased, particularly the length, superficial area, volume and root branching. Secondly, treatment with TK VI by either root or foliar application controlled grey mould on the moth orchids. Following irrigation with TK VI, the activities of defence‐related enzymes, including peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase, and the resistance‐related enzymes, including superoxide dismutase and catalase, all increased, while those of harmful substance malondialdehyde decreased. These findings indicated that induced systemic resistance was the primary mechanism of control.
‘Just reading’: the impact of a faster pace of reading narratives on the comprehension of poorer adolescent readers in English classrooms
Authors: Westbrook Jo , Sutherland Julia , Oakhill Jane , Sullivan Susan 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPoorer adolescent readers are often regarded by teachers as unable to read whole narratives and given short, simplified texts, yet are expected to analyse every part in a slow laborious read‐through. This article reports on a mixed methods study in which 20 English teachers in the South of England changed their current practice to read two whole challenging novels at a faster pace than usual in 12 weeks with their average and poorer readers ages 12–13. Ten teachers received additional training in teaching comprehension. Students in both groups made 8.5 months' mean progress on standardised tests of reading comprehension, but the poorer readers made a surprising 16 months progress but with no difference made by the training programme. Simply reading challenging, complex novels aloud and at a fast pace in each lesson repositioned ‘poorer readers’ as ‘good’ readers, giving them a more engaged uninterrupted reading experience over a sustained period. However, the qualitative data showed that teachers with the additional training provided a more coherent faster read and better supported poorer readers by explicitly teaching inference, diagnosed students' ‘sticking places’ mid‐text and created socially cohesive guided reading groups that further supported weaker readers and also stretched the average/good readers.
Mapping Ethics With the Digital Maps Metaphor: Addressing Raised Eyebrows and Bolded Question Marks in Relation to Developmental Test Methodology
Authors: Frankenberg Sofia J. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTThe Digital Maps Metaphor (DMM) is suggested as a transdisciplinary research tool to overcome some of the challenges that are potentially inherent in research projects that involve multiple aims, objectives, knowledge claims, and methodologies. Based on the understanding of metaphors as embodied concepts, it is argued that the DMM can be used to structure mappings of the different rationalities within transdisciplinary projects. The advantage of the DMM is illustrated by the metaphor's application to a comprehensive transdisciplinary intervention study in Swedish preschools. The structural mapping brings forth a number of contradictions between the Childhood Map, the Critical and Micro‐political map, and the Developmental map. Potentials for new emergent understandings, facilitated by the metaphor, are suggested for the benefit of children's learning and development. Empirical studies of the effectiveness of the metaphor should be the next step in order to assess its usefulness in different educational and scientific contexts.
Actualism without Presentism? Not by way of the Relativity Objection
Authors: Emery Nina 
Published: February 2018

AbstractActualismis the view that only actually existing things exist.Presentismis the view that only presently existing things exist. In this paper, I argue that being an actualist without also being a presentist is not as easy as many philosophers seem to think. A common objection to presentism is that there is an unavoidable conflict between presentism and relativity theory. But actualists who do not wish to be presentists cannot point to this relativity objection alone to support their position. Unless they have some antecedent reason for thinking that actualism is more plausible than presentism, anyone who is moved by the relativity objection to give up presentism should be moved by a related objection to give up actualism as well. If there is a reason to be an actualist without also being a presentist, it must go beyond the relativity objection to presentism.
Mapping face categorization in the human ventral occipitotemporal cortex with direct neural intracranial recordings
Authors: Rossion Bruno , Jacques Corentin , Jonas Jacques 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe neural basis of face categorization has been widely investigated with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), identifying a set of face‐selective local regions in the ventral occipitotemporal cortex (VOTC). However, indirect recording of neural activity with fMRI is associated with large fluctuations of signal across regions, often underestimating face‐selective responses in the anterior VOTC. While direct recording of neural activity with subdural grids of electrodes (electrocorticography, ECoG) or depth electrodes (stereotactic electroencephalography, SEEG) offers a unique opportunity to fill this gap in knowledge, these studies rather reveal widely distributed face‐selective responses. Moreover, intracranial recordings are complicated by interindividual variability in neuroanatomy, ambiguity in definition, and quantification of responses of interest, as well as limited access to sulci with ECoG. Here, we propose to combine SEEG in large samples of individuals with fast periodic visual stimulation to objectively define, quantify, and characterize face categorization across the whole VOTC. This approach reconciles the wide distribution of neural face categorization responses with their (right) hemispheric and regional specialization, and reveals several face‐selective regions in anterior VOTC sulci. We outline the challenges of this research program to understand the neural basis of face categorization and high‐level visual recognition in general.