bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Power-organizing and Ethic-thinking as two paralleled praxes in the historical existence of mankind: A semiotic analysis of their functional segregation
Authors: Li Youzheng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis article is dealt with at a historical-strategic level. Historical processes can be functionally divided into two sections: the social-material-directed Power-organizing part and the cultural-spiritual Ethic-thinking part. Thus there exist two corresponding dynamic-operative functions in history, which are guided and impelled by different motivations, methods, and destinations involved in the two functions. The Ethic-practicing praxis has been always performed through the empirical-humanist-rational ways, which today can be more effectively embodied in human sciences to be reorganized by the general-semiotic (GS) strategy. So there are two kinds of human historical courses: the one as the materialist-directed power-organizing part and the other as spiritual-theoretical-directed ethic-reflecting part. From a historical-philosophical point of view, the former is to prepare the material-conditions/means for supporting the latter as the ethic-spiritual mission that is directed towards exploring the meaning/value foundation for human existence. Lacking in the internal link between the two historical-pragmatic functions the ethic-spiritual praxes should manage to find a separate strategy for actively continuing its independent ethic task by dint of wisely/bravely shunning the materialist-determinism issued from the technical/commercialized globalization era.
Beobachtungs- und Evaluationsaufträge an den Gesetzgeber in der Rechtsprechung des Bundesverfassungsgerichts
Authors: Kießling Andrea 
Published: September 2018

Zusammenfassung
In der Rechtsprechung des Bundesverfassungsgerichts (BVerfG) spielt die Beobachtungspflicht insbesondere im Risikoverwaltungsrecht und bei dem Wechsel eines Regelungs- bzw. Schutzkonzepts eine Rolle. Sie fungiert in den meisten Fällen als Kompensation für die Einräumung des gesetzgeberischen Gestaltungs- und Prognosespielraums. Ihre verfassungsrechtliche Grundlage hat sie nicht nur in den Abwehrrechten (Übermaßverbot) und grundrechtlichen Schutzpflichten (Untermaßverbot), sondern auch in verfassungsrechtlichen Leistungsansprüchen (Existenzminimum).
Gesetze als komplexe Intervention und mögliche Folgen für Gesetzesevaluationen am Beispiel des Bundeskinderschutzgesetzes
Authors: Seckinger Mike 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Beitrag wird diskutiert, ob ein Verständnis von Gesetzen als komplexe Interventionen bei der Planung und Durchführung von Gesetzesevaluationen hilfreich ist. Hierzu werden Erfahrungen bei der Generierung wissenschaftlicher Grundlagen für die Evaluation des Bundeskinderschutzgesetzes (BKiSchG) reflektiert und ein Prozessmodell für die Strukturierung des Prozesses der Datengewinnung vorgeschlagen. Handelt es sich bei dem in seinen Folgen zu untersuchenden Gesetz um eine komplexe Intervention, dann hat dies Konsequenzen für das Forschungsdesign und erhöht den Aufwand bei der Dateninterpretation. Ein Verständnis als komplexe Evaluation hilft aber auch, vereinfachende und unangemessene Wirkungsaussagen zu vermeiden und trägt dazu bei, den Nutzen der Evaluation jenseits solcher unangemessenen Wirkungsaussagen sichtbar werden zu lassen. Im Kontext der Evaluation von Entwicklungszusammenarbeit und im Bereich vonpublic healthliegen Erfahrungen mit komplexen Evaluationsstrategien vor, die sich auch auf Gesetzesevaluationen übertragen lassen. Deshalb plädiert der Autor dafür, die bisher eher getrennt verlaufenden Diskussionslinien zu Gesetzesevaluationen und zur Evaluation komplexer Interventionen stärker miteinander zu verknüpfen.
Superpave Design Aggregate Structure Considering Uncertainty: I. Selection of Trial Blends
Authors: Easa Said M. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The existing method of selecting Superpave trial aggregate blends is deterministic and is based on trial-and-error. The primary purpose of this article is to develop a stochastic optimization model that includes the uncertainties of individual aggregate gradations, primary aggregate (PA) properties, and related specifications. The model can directly determine three different trial blends: (1) a blend close to the minimum specification limits, (2) a blend not close to the specification limits or to the restricted zone (RZ), and (3) a blend close to the maximum specification limits and to the RZ. The constraints of the model include gradation-control specifications, RZ limits, PA properties, and special and unity constraints. The PA properties include coarse aggregate fractured faces, fine aggregate angularity, sand equivalent, and flat and elongated particles. The uncertainty is formulated to ensure that the trial blends satisfy model constraints for a specified confidence level. A binary variable is used to allow the designer to produce a blend that passes below, above, or through the RZ. Application of the model is illustrated using a numerical example. The proposed model, which improves the reliability of trial blends and the efficiency of their selection, should be of interest to practitioners and researchers.
Study of the Extraction and Quantitative Characterization of the Microstructural Features of Aggregates
Authors: Zhao Pinhui , Gao Dongxing , Han Kechao , Kong Lingyun , Luo Yi , Zhang Zeyu , Bi Fei , Yang Ziqiao 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Aggregates are one of the important parts of an asphalt mixture. Their structural features have a significant effect on the adhesion of asphalt aggregates and influence the service life of the asphalt mixture. By using cold-field-emission scanning electron microscope technology, this study investigates the fine characterizations of the microstructures of different aggregates. This study illustrates a method to obtain high-resolution micrographs in large horizons by using the technology of continuously spliced high-resolution micrographs, which can be used to acquire graphs within the scope of hundreds of square microns with nanometer resolution. By employing Image-Pro Plus processing software (Media Cybernetics, Rockville, MD), the microstructural features of aggregates were recognized and indexes were proposed to acquire various data, such as area, perimeter, length, width, length-width ratio, and the shape factor. These data could reflect the microstructural features of aggregates. On this basis, a quantitative characterization based on the feature analysis of the shape factor was established for qualitative and quantitative analyses of aggregate microstructures and to fully obtain structural characteristic parameters of specimens under high resolutions in a large horizon. The collected data were further judged in terms of disparity and consistency by using principal component analysis. Moreover, the position vector function criterion acquired an experimental scheme with the minimal number of random observation groups that were able to represent the overall features of specimens. The study can recognize the complete microstructural features of the aggregate surfaces and further realize a quantitative analysis based on indexation by applying the optimized experimental method and software.
Um canto simples, de amor e verdade: aspectos teológicos da música nativista gaúcha
Authors: Machado Renato Ferreira 
Published: September 2018

Em nosso artigo analisamos algumas aproximações entre teologia e música nativista gaúcha, tendo como enfoque a produção teológica na América Latina à época do florescimento do Movimento Nativista. Inicialmente, contextualizamos essa cena musical no ciclo das canções de protesto latino-americanas, ocorrido entre a década de 60 e a década de 80 do Século XX, buscando, ao mesmo tempo, caracterizar o específico do cancioneiro nativista do Rio Grande do Sul. Prosseguimos com os aportes teológicos predominantes na América Latina no contexto estudado e concluímos com a análise de uma canção produzida neste cenário musical.
Teologia, pluralismo e alteridade ecumênica
Authors: Ribeiro Claudio De Oliveira 
Published: September 2018

O texto apresenta os resultados de pesquisa sobre aspectos teológicos do pluralismo com destaque para o tema da alteridade, levando em conta o dado crítico de que as aberturas fundamentais para o “outro” precisam considerar efetivamente os diferenciais de poder que marcam as relações sociais e políticas.Metodologicamente, foram dados os seguintes passos: (i) análise da necessidade de identificação das dimensões de alteridade a partir da explicitação dos diferenciais de poder que marcam os processos de interculturalidade e as diferentes relações, inclusive inter-religiosas, (ii) explicitação da noçãobíblica de alteridade a partir das relações básicas da antropologia teológica que constituem o ser como humano, (iii) indicação da abertura ao diálogo e a prática interativa que a visão trinitária da fé cristã oferece, inclusive para práticas sociais democráticas e participativas e visões eclesiais marcadas pelacomunhão, e (iv) uma identificação do valor de uma mística de alteridade que reforce perspectivas utópicas e doadoras de sentido para os grupos sociais.
Effects of artificial diets with different carotene content on the organoleptic characteristics of the gonads and reproductive condition of Loxechinus albus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea)
Authors: Fraysse Cintia , Malanga Gabriela , Pérez Analía F. 
Published: September 2018

The organoleptic characteristics of sea urchins gonads (size and color, among others) can be improved by artificial diets. Loxechinus albus is considered one of the most economically significant resources from the littoral-benthic systems in the South Pacific Ocean from Peru to Chile. The objective was to determine artificial diets effects on the organoleptic traits of gonads, reproductive condition, body growth and survival of Loxechinus albus. Two types of diets were administrated (low carotene content diet (LC): balanced food with 0.02% β-carotene and high carotene content diet (HC): balanced food with 0.045% β-carotene) for 16 weeks. As a measurement of growth rate, test diameter of sea urchins fed with artificial diets was measured at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. At both times, size (GI) and color (CI) of the gonads were recorded in ten individuals from each treatment and ten from the natural population (NP). Energy density (ED), energy content (EC) and total carotenes (TCC) were determined by calorimetry and spectrophotometry, respectively. Histological sections were examined microscopically and the sex was identified. Each female was assigned to a gametogenic stage (reproductive condition) and determined: number and diameter of the oocytes, gonadal area occupied by oocytes, and relative frequencies of reproductive stages. At the end of the experiment in relation to the NP, it was possible to achieve higher GI values for both artificial diets. The NP showed higher gonadal area occupied by oocytes and larger oocyte diameter at 16 weeks (P<0.01). In addition, individuals fed with both artificial diets, presented “growth” and “advanced growth” gonad stages (both times), while the NP individuals, presented stages of “prematurity”, “maturity” and “partial spawning” at week 16. The data shows the highest CI value for the HC diet at eight weeks (P<0.01). Moreover, TCC values for the NP were significantly higher at week 16 (P<0.01). Loxechinus albus is an appropriate species to be kept in captivity, as their mortality is very low, facilitating the achievement of long-term experiences of gonadal improvement. According to our data the optimal time to improve the organoleptic characteristics is eight weeks with a high carotene artificial diet, since optimal gonad coloration was reached, and GI values did not differ significantly from the ones achieved at the end of the experiment for both diets, or the ones shown in the NP. This is translated into a lower cost by a reduced cultivation time. Rev. Biol. Trop. 65(Suppl. 1): S207-S220. Epub 2017 November 01.
Spark plasma sintering of gas atomized high-entropy alloy HfNbTaTiZr
Authors: Lukac Frantisek , Dudr Martin , Musalek Radek , Klecka Jakub , Cinert Jakub , Cizek Jan , Chraska Tomas , Cizek Jakub , Melikhova Oksana , Kuriplach Jan , Zyka Jiri , Malek Jaroslav 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Learning Electricity using Arduino-Android based Game to Improve STEM Literacy
Authors: Yasin Alifa Irna , Prima Eka Cahya , Sholihin Hayat 
Published: September 2018

The STEM is an interdisciplinary approach provided learning atmosphere where students can use science, technology, engineering and math in daily life. The aim of the STEM is educating the students to be STEM Literate. This research goal was to implement STEM learning on electricity using Arduino-Android Game based experiment to 8th-grade students. STEM Learning was chosen as an approach in this research by the consideration that it was developed through Android Game, YWRobot, and Arduino Uno experiment lesson plan and worksheet. The analysis of this research was focused on the effect of STEM learning implementation through lesson plan and worksheet to 8th-grade students’ STEM Literacy on electricity topic. The method used in this research was pre-experimental with one group pretest-posttest design. The data of this research was obtained from the STEM Literacy objective test (pretest and posttest) based on Allan Zollman. Then the data were analyzed based on each aspect of STEM Literacy such as science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. The result shows that the value of from students’ STEM Literacy pretest-posttest are -0.06, -0.12, -0.06, -0.87 for science, technology, engineering and mathematics literacy respectively. The result implies that STEM Learning implementation was less optimal to improve science, mathematics, technology and engineering literacy. The reason was because STEM Learning implementation was not implement in continuously. Therefore, science, technology, engineering, and technology literacy regarding electricity topic are emphasized less optimally.
Перспективы гуманитарных наук в контексте развития технологий будущего
Authors: Попова Ольга Владимировна 
Published: September 2018

<p>В статье представлен анализ тенденций современного гуманитарного знания в контексте развития технологической среды и появления технологических инноваций, вызывающих различные антропологические риски.</p><p>Рассмотрен разработанный М. Эпштейном проект создания междисциплинарного Центра гуманитарных инноваций в Великобритании, который занимается осмыслением и формированием будущего гуманитарных наук. Продемонстрирован его техноцентричный характер, в контексте которого человеку отводится роль инструмента, объекта технологических воздействий. В контексте современных тенденций развития технологий формируются новые очертания гуманитарного знания, своего рода постгуманитаристика, техногуманистики (М. Эпштейн), исследующей тексты, творения, а также место и следы в истории и современности человека технологического (homo technologicus), сформированного современным пространством киберкультуры.</p><p>Кроме того, в статье показана альтернатива этому проекту — деятельность в 1990-х — начало 2000-х гг. Института человека РАН, связанная с именами И. Т. Фролова и Б. Г. Юдина, исследования которых были направлены на комплексное изучение человека и формирование гуманитарного знания с использованием методологии гуманитарной экспертизы, позволяющей осуществить оперативное реагирование на технологические угрозы, прочувствовать и минимизировать технологические риски.</p>
Formar un doctorado, una cuestión más allá del dinero
Authors: Editorial Comité 
Published: September 2018

Lo reportado en la literatura aplicado a Colombia indica que en los últimos 10 años se ha ido incrementando el número de doctores por número de habitantes, lo cual debería suplir la necesidad de ciencia, proyectos; incrementar la innovación y patentes producidas en el país, lo que en idea pura mejoraría su progreso.
Comportamiento de factores de riesgo de conversión de la Colelap a colecistectomía abierta. Hospital General de Barranquilla, enero de 2014-abril de 2015
Authors: Márquez Francisco , Peláez Diego , Pezzano Ezio , Varela Lourdes 
Published: September 2018

Objetivo: Determinar el comportamiento de los factores de riesgo de conversión de la Colelap a colecistectomía abierta en el Hospital General de Barranquilla de enero de 2014 a abril de 2015.
Materiales y Métodos: Estudio analítico de cohorte ambispectivo, muestra por conveniencia donde ingresaron al grupo 1 el total de pacientes en los que se realizó conversión a colecistectomía abierta convencional; para la conformación del grupo 2, se aleatorizaron 2 pacientes por cada uno que ingresó en el grupo 1, para un total de 20 pacientes para el grupo 1 y de 40 pacientes en el grupo 2.
Resultados: La distribución de acuerdo al sexo mostró que el sexo femenino alcanzó la mayor frecuencia en los dos grupos en estudio, con un 75 % en el grupo 1 frente al 92,5 % en el grupo 2, la media de la edad del grupo 1 fue de 54,0 ± 11,6 años versus 44,1 ± 10,5 años en el grupo 2.
Conclusiones: El comportamiento en el plano local de los factores asociados a conversión de colecistectomía laparoscópica a colecistectomía abierta convencional, no difiere radicalmente a lo descrito en la literatura tanto mundial como nacional, demostrándose en esta investigación que la edad mayor de 60 años, los hallazgos quirúrgicos de vesícula biliar engrosada, las múltiples adherencias y la hemorragia quirúrgica, fueron los factores de riesgo para conversión
Role of medical expulsive therapy in lower ureteral calculus
Authors: Rangaiah Rohit G. , Kamath Ananth J. , Saini Ashok Kumar 
Published: September 2018

Background: Urolithiasis is a chronic disease with a significant burden on the healthcare system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of medical expulsive therapy (tamsulosin alone or in combination with deflazacort) in the treatment of lower ureteric calculi.Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, controlled trial conducted at a tertiary care centre between November 2015 and October 2017. Patients aged more than 18 years solitary ureteral calculus 5-10 mm in size, located at distal ureter were randomized (1:1:1) to receive tamsulosin 0.4 mg once-daily (OD), deflazacort 6 mg twice-daily (BD) and analgesic OD (Group A); tamsulosin 0.4 mg and analgesic OD (Group B); or only analgesic OD (Group C, control Group) for 7 days. The treatment duration was extended to 28 days or until the expulsion of stone. Patients were followed-up weekly during the treatment period.Results: A total of 105 patients were enrolled in the study. Overall, 51.5% of patients in Group A, 48.5% of patients in Group B and 54.3% of patients in Group C had calculus size 7-10 mm. Patients allocated to Group A (80%) and Group B (74.3%) showed higher stone expulsion rate as compared to those in Group C (48.6%). The mean time taken for stone expulsion was around 12 days in Group A, whereas around 15 days in Group B and C.Conclusions: The combination of tamsulosin and deflazacort resulted in higher stone expulsion rate in patients with lower ureteral calculus.
Highly Selective Gold-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of Furanolabdanoid Dialkynes with Alkynyl Substituents in the Furan Ring
Authors: Kharitonov Yurii V. , Shakirov Makhmut M. , Shults Elvira E. 
Published: September 2018

Aim and Objective: We studied the synthesis of new groups of functionalized isobenzofurans and
isoindolines by selective gold catalyzed cycloisomerization of some new optically active furandialkynes derived
from the natural furanolabdanoid lambertianic acid. Functionalized isobenzofurans and isoindolines are
considered as privileged structures that are currently experiencing a renewed interest in medicinal chemistry.

Materials and Methods:
Using the AuCl3-catalyzed cycloisomerization of furanolabdanoid dialkynes we synthesized
several new groups of biologically interested isobenzofurans and isoindolines with labdanoid substitution.
The structure of all new compounds was proven by elemental and spectral analysis: IR, mass-, and NMR
data.

Results:
The synthesis of 15,16-dialkynyl substituted furanolabdanoids was carried out. Au(III)-Catalyzed
cycloisomerization of those compounds proceeded highly selectively with the formation of optically active 4-
substituted 7-hydroxy-3(6)-propargylaminomethylisobenzofurans or 7-hydroxy-3(6)-propargyloxymethylisoindolines.
The cycloisomerization of the 15-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxymethyl)-16-((N-p-toluenesulfonyl)-prop-
2-yn-1-ylaminomethyl)labdatriene proceeded in part on the 15 position and involved the previously unknown
intramolecular transfer of N-(p-toluenesulfonyl)propargylaminomethyl substituent to the oxygen in the stage of
formation of an aromatic ring. A feasible reaction mechanism for this transformation is presented. It was revealed
that the conversion of labdanoid furan-15-ynes to 1,3-dihydroisobenzofurans depends on the nature of
the substituent in the 16 position of the furanolabdanoid.

Conclusions:
The present study sheds light on the Au(III)-catalyzed cycloisomerization of new group of highly
functionalized furandialkynes. Also, new groups of alkynyloxymethyl or alkynylaminomethyl substituted optically
active isobenzofurans and isoindolines were obtained and fully characterized.
LGBT DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: Ermayani Tri 
Published: September 2018

Lesbian, Gay, Biseksual dan Transgender (LGBT) merupakan fenomena yangmerebak di era modern sebagai bentuk penyimpangan seks yang sangat dipengaruhi olehpola asuh yang salah, kurangnya peran seorang ayah, pendidikan agama Islam yang kurangmemadai, dan pornografi yang sangat mudah terakses semua kalangan.Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak mencakup aspek-aspek penting yang harusdiseimbangkan dan diarahkan secara proporsional. Aspek-aspek pertumbuhan danperkembangan anak meliputi: spiritualitas (keimanan), fisik (jasmani), kejiwaan (psikis),intelektual, emosi, moral, sosial, seksual, dan ekonomi. Jika orang tua dan guru mampumenyeimbangkan aspek-aspek pendidikan tersebut, maka akan tercapai pemahaman danpenyadaran tentang bahaya yang ditimbulkan perilaku LGBT. Oleh karena itu peranan orangtua dan guru dalam memahami bahaya LGBT bagi generasi muda.Penelitian ini dirancang untuk dapat memahamkan bahaya LGBT bagi orang tua danguru dalam pendidikan anak, dan dapat menjadi referensi bagi peneliti lain. Harapan peneliti,penelitian ini dapat memperkaya pemahaman tentang LGBT dalam perspektif Islam danbahaya yang ditimbulkan sehingga bermanfaat untuk generasi dalam bidang pendidikan dankehidupan sosial sehingga dapat ditemukan dan diterapkan beberapa strategi penangananLGBT mulai dari mencegah/ menghindari sampai mengobatidari sisi ilmu jiwa danpendidikan agama Islam. Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) is a phenomenon that has spread in themodern era as a form of sexual deviation that is strongly influenced by wrong parenting, lackof a father's role, inadequate Islamic religious education, and pornography that is easilyaccessible to all groups .Child growth and development includes important aspects that must be balanced and directedproportionally. Aspects of child growth and development include: spirituality (faith), physical(physical), psychological (psychological), intellectual, emotional, moral, social, sexual, andeconomic. If parents and teachers are able to balance these aspects of education,understanding and awareness of the dangers posed by LGBT behavior will be achieved.Therefore the role of parents and teachers in understanding the dangers of LGBT for theyounger generation.This research is designed to be able to understand the danger of LGBT for parents andteachers in children's education, and can be a reference for other researchers. The hope of theresearchers is that this research can enrich understanding of LGBT in an Islamic perspectiveand the dangers posed so that it is useful for generations in the field of education and sociallife so that strategies and handling of LGBT can be found starting from preventing / treatingpsychology and Islamic education.