bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relativistic interacting fluids in cosmology
Authors: Iosifidis Damianos , Jensko Erik , Koivisto Tomi S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Motivated by cosmological applications for interacting matters, an extension
of the action functional for relativistic fluids is proposed to incorporate the
physics of non-adiabatic processes and chemical reactions. The former
are characterised by entropy growth, while the latter violate
particle number conservation.
The relevance of these physics is demonstrated in the contexts of
self-interacting fluids, fluids interacting with scalar fields, and
hyperhydrodynamical interactions with geometry. The possible cosmological
applications range from early-universe phase transitions to astrophysical
phenomena, and from matter creation inflationary alternatives to interacting
dark sector alternatives to the ΛCDM model that aim to address its tensions.
As an example of the latter, a single fluid model of a unified dark sector is presented. The simple action of the model features one field and one parameter, yet it can both reproduce the ΛCDM cosmology and predict new phenomenology.
Leptogenesis via bubble collisions
Authors: Cataldi Martina , Shakya Bibhushan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We present a novel realization of leptogenesis from the decays of sterile (right-handed)
neutrinos (RHNs) produced from runaway bubble collisions at a first order phase transition. Such
configurations can produce heavy RHNs with mass many orders of magnitude above the scale of
symmetry breaking as well as the temperature of the plasma, thereby enabling high scale
leptogenesis without the need for high reheat temperatures while also naturally suppressing
washout effects. This mechanism is also efficient for RHN masses ≳ 1014 GeV, the
natural scale for type-I seesaw with 𝒪(1) couplings, where standard thermal
leptogenesis faces strong suppression from washout processes in equilibrium. The corresponding
phase transitions are at scales ≳ 109 GeV and produce gravitational wave signals that
could be detected by future experiments.
Geometrical quantum time in the U(1)3 model of Euclidean quantum gravity
Authors: Bakhoda Sepideh , Ma Yongge 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Loop quantum gravity faces challenges in constructing a well-defined Hamiltonian constraint and understanding the quantum notion of time. In this paper these issues are studied by quantizing the U(1)3 model, a simplified system exhibiting features similar to general relativity. By isolating a holonomy component within the Hamiltonian constraint, a discrete relative time evolution equation for quantum states is obtained. Then, a Shrödinger-like equation is derived in the continuum limit. Thus, the physical states solving this Shrödinger-like equation can be written out. The emergence of the time parameter and its corresponding quantum operator are analyzed. It indicates the notion of a geometrical quantum time for quantum gravity.
Increased population exposure to extreme droughts in Iberia due to 0.5 °C additional anthropogenic warming
Authors: Russo Ana , Bento Virgílio A , Ribeiro Andreia F S , Lima Daniela C A , Careto João A M , Soares Pedro M M , Libonati Renata , Trigo Ricardo M , Gouveia Célia M 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the effects of incremental global warming, specifically the transition from 1.5 °C to 2.0 °C, on drought conditions in the Iberian Peninsula (IP). Our findings confirm a substantial increase in the frequency and intensity of droughts in the IP due to anthropogenic climate change. We highlight the importance of temperature in drought representation and underscore the urgent need to limit global warming below 1.5 °C, in line with international climate policies. The analysis reveals that the exacerbation of drought conditions is more pronounced under higher emission scenarios, particularly RCP8.5, emphasizing the critical role of emission reduction in climate change mitigation. Furthermore, a substantial increase in affected land area and population exposure to drought is observed, especially under the higher-emission scenario. Climate change emerges as the primary factor contributing to increased drought exposure, with emission reduction efforts offering potential mitigation. To overcome limitations associated with model uncertainties, a multi-model multi-variable ensemble approach was employed to enhance the regional specificity of the findings. This provides valuable insights for local climate adaptation and mitigation strategies. Results suggest that mitigating anthropogenic warming by 0.5 °C to achieve the 1.5 °C warmer climate rather than 2.0 °C may provide benefits for future drought risks and impacts in the IP and underscore the urgency of implementing stringent climate policies. By offering a comprehensive assessment of drought conditions and population exposure, this study informs decision-making and climate resilience strategies, emphasizing the need for immediate action to mitigate adverse impacts on ecosystems and human populations.
Gauged Skyrme analogue of Chern-Pontryagin
Authors: Tchrakian D H 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
An analogue of the Chern–Pontryagin density for SO(D) gauged

O
(
D
+
1
)

Skyrme systems, referred to as Skyrme–Chern–Pontryagin (SCP) densities is known for dimensions

D
=
2
,
3
,
4

. Since these are defined only through a prescription, it is necessary to extend the realisation to higher D, which is carried out here for D = 5. The construction of SCP densities in

D
=
2
,
3
,
4
,
5

is presented here in a unified pattern with the aim of pointing out to the possible extrapolation to all dimensions.
A comprehensive analysis of the water distribution network by using waterGEMS software
Authors: Brahmamiah Borigarla , Surendra K. , Vani P. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Water is essential for various human activities, and the water need has dramatically increased with population growth and lifestyle changes. This increased demand underscores the importance of sustainable and efficient water management strategies. This study aimed to create robust, efficient systems to meet growing communities’ current and future water needs. WaterGEMS software was used to identify high- and low-pressure zones in junctions and assess water flow velocity in pipes to evaluate hydraulic performance. The results showed considerable differences in water demand, pressure, elevation, and hydraulic grade at various intersections. The minimum and maximum demand of 1.0 L/min and 19.0 L/min were found at J-2 and J-31, respectively. The elevation varied from 33.78 to 67.38 meters, with the lowest at J-20 and the highest at J-31. Hydraulic grade ranged from 39.40 to 110.04 meters, with the weakest at J-30 and the highest at J-41. Furthermore, the multi-linear regression model constructed to forecast head loss in the water distribution network had significant coefficients and an R-squared value of 0.965, indicating an excellent match to the data. All coefficients had significant p-values (p < 0.05), indicating the model’s reliability.
Emission of carbon footprint from building construction materials: A review
Authors: Dighade Rajendra , Gomase Virendra , Peshattiwar Radha , Selokar Anchal , Sangidwar Nilay , Peshattiwar Savi , Malve Sameer 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The construction industry, a cornerstone of global development, is also a notable contributor to environmental degradation. A staggering 39% of the total carbon footprint stems from the production and construction processes, emphasizing the urgency to address this issue. This review narrows its focus on residential building construction, a critical segment of the construction sector. Examining the carbon emissions within residential construction unveils the pivotal role played by various construction materials. Concrete, steel, and traditional bricks, while indispensable, contribute significantly to the sector’s carbon footprint. This necessitates a thorough investigation into alternative materials that can mitigate this impact. In this context, the study delves into innovative solutions and alternative materials that hold the potential to substantially reduce carbon emissions. This review emphasizes the importance of recognizing the carbon emissions stemming from construction materials used in residential buildings. It underscores the pressing need to shift towards more sustainable approaches. Identifying and embracing alternative materials is a pivotal measure in addressing the environmental risks linked to building construction. Ultimately, this research adds to the ongoing conversation about sustainable construction methods, to lead the path towards an eco-friendlier and environmentally aware future in residential building construction.
Optimizing roofing efficiency: utilizing GGBS and coir fibre in cement tile production
Authors: Jagannadha Rao K. , Sastri M.V.S.S. , Swetha T. , Poojita Ch. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The roof of a dwelling is the most significant and expensive. Low-cost heavy roofing construction frequently resulted in higher costs. The potential usage for coir, an eco-friendly building material, is as a raw material for corrugated roofing sheets and tiles. This study deals with the effects of using Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) as a partial replacement in cement roof tile production. The work is based on an experimental study of roofing tiles produced with Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% (OPC) replaced by GGBS (Ground Granulated Blast furnace slag). The optimum combination of fibre of 0.8% and replacement of GGBS of 40% in tiles was found optimum.
Municipal solid waste management practices vs public opinion study of Telangana State during and after the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: LaxmiMaddhinni Vasantha , Mushti Jyothi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Municipal solid waste management is an important environmental concern of the new era. The fast-evolvinglifestyles of the people, rapid population growth and industrialization, and a certain amount of unawareness and negligence on the part of the public add to the MSW management issues. Many studies indicated that a greater amount of municipal solid waste is not effectively managed. An efficient management of municipal solid waste is therefore called for to protect the public and environment from waste hazards. The current paper proposes to offer a holistic view of efficient practices for municipal solid waste management in Telangana. An online survey has been conducted with the help of Google Formsusing social media platforms like WhatsApp, Facebook, and Snapchat to understand the concerns of the society about proper methods of Municipal Solid Waste Management in Telangana. The number of responses received is 219 in a total of 32 districts in Telangana state. Statistical analysis has been carried out with the help of the Chi-square test at a 5% level of significance to identify the existence of a significant relation between Municipal Solid Waste management aspects and the demographic variables namely gender and place of residence.
Innovative HDPE plastic aggregates in concrete: enhancing sustainability
Authors: Kumar Ratod Vinod , Kumar Dhondy Rupesh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In the pursuit of sustainable construction practices, the integration of recycled materials into concrete production emerges as a pivotal strategy. This research delves into the integration of recycled High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) plastic aggregates into concrete mixes, with the aim of bolstering both the mechanical properties and ecological sustainability of concrete structures. The study meticulously examines the compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths, along with Young’s Modulus of Elasticity, of concrete specimens incorporating recycled HDPE plastic aggregates. Notably, a water-to-cement (w/c) ratio of 0.25 was employed in the concrete mix formulation, optimizing the material’s performance. The plastic aggregates utilized in this study were meticulously prepared, comprising 50% recycled HDPE plastic and 50% sand, resulting in a balanced 1:1 ratio for the first type, while the second type featured a 1:2 ratio. Through rigorous experimentation and analysis, the findings elucidate the transformative potential of recycled HDPE plastic aggregates in reshaping conventional concrete production paradigms. This research underscores the viability of recycled HDPE plastic aggregates as a sustainable substitute for traditional aggregates, offering a compelling avenue for reducing environmental impact while enhancing structural integrity. The implications of this study extend beyond the laboratory, signalling a paradigm shift towards more environmentally conscious construction practices. As the construction industry continues to grapple with sustainability challenges, the integration of recycled materials such as HDPE plastic aggregates holds immense promise for fostering a greener and more resilient built environment.
Revolutionizing concrete construction: Harnessing the potential of low-shrinkage over-burnt clay bricks as sustainable coarse aggregate
Authors: Selwyn Babu J. , Hemanth D. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a study on the feasibility of using low-shrinkage over-burnt clay bricks as a sustainable coarse aggregate in concrete mixes. The research encompasses a thorough evaluation of mechanical and durability properties to assess the performance of these mixes in structural and durable applications. Mechanical strength tests, including compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, and modulus of elasticity, were conducted to evaluate structural behaviour. The results indicate that the mix with 30% brick aggregate replacement demonstrated competitive compressive strength at 28 days, showing promise for structural use. Additionally, split tensile strength, flexural strength, and modulus of elasticity displayed favourable trends over time, suggesting improved structural performance. Durability properties assessment focused on concrete bond strength, water absorption, permeable voids, sorptivity, and resistance to chloride diffusion. The mix with 30% replacement exhibited the highest bond strength at 28 days and the lowest water absorption, indicating enhanced durability. Sorptivity values showed reduced water absorption rates, particularly for mixes with higher replacement levels, highlighting improved resistance to moisture ingress. Resistance to chloride diffusion varied with replacement levels, with the 30% replacement mix demonstrating satisfactory performance. Overall, the concrete mixes with varying levels of brick aggregate replacement, particularly the 30% replacement mix, exhibited favourable performance across mechanical and durability tests. These findings suggest the potential of low-shrinkage over-burnt clay bricks as a sustainable alternative in concrete production, offering enhanced structural strength and durability for sustainable construction practices.
Treatment of wastewater using rice husk ash
Authors: Rayabharapu Vijay Kumar , Manjunatha B. , Petluru Prasanthi , Mella Bharat Sai 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Water is a critical issue in the present world. Agricultural development, industrialization, and urbanization cause the drying up of most river basins in India and elsewhere further resulting in severe water shortages. In most cities in India, the estimated amount of sewage generated is around 40000 million liters per day (MLD). However, the sewage treatment capacity is only a mere 11786 MLD. To address this problem, several cost-effective and sustainable wastewater treatment methods are being researched. One such method is adsorption using Rice Husk Ash (RHA), an industrial by-product abundantly available at a very low cost. This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of activated carbon for the reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), colour, turbidity from municipal wastewater by using RHA. A set of four samples were selected and analyzed under both conditions: (1) before treatment with RHA and (2) after treatment with RHA. Our analysis showed that the addition of RHA as a coagulant to wastewater treated it efficiently as evident from the results obtained in the aforementioned laboratory tests.
Navigating Cityscapes: Innovations in Urban Mobility and Infrastructure
Authors: Kumaravel Priyanka , Velkennedy R. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The nature and broadening of road transportation infrastructure influence a nation’s ability to grow sustainably. Due to the combined impacts of poor maintenance and structural weaknesses to meet the demands of an increase in traffic intensity and loads, India’s enormous network of existing roads, which were built at considerable expense, is starting to exhibit signs of distress failure before the design period. Maintenance directly affects a pavement’s longevity. The Pavement Maintenance Management System (PMMS) is a scientific strategy for assessing the current state of pavement in a specific area. To provide a more flexible approach that allows tasks to be accomplished more successfully, this project intends to provide a Pavement Maintenance Management System that provides an organized approach for the maintenance, improvement, and operation of city pavements and tools. As part of this study, an initial survey is carried out from Thanakankulam to Thiruparankundram. The World Bank created HDM-4, a software program that may be used internationally to identify the best repair itinerary for highway pavements. To identify the Pavement Quality Index and associated techniques, the HDM-4 tool will conduct further investigations.
Shear capacity enhancement of slab-column joint of a flat slab system
Authors: Tangudu Manoj , Bommisetty Jagadeesh , Keertan Tirukovela Sai , Krishna P.V.V.S.S.R. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The need for beam-less space structures has been increasing globally in recent times to meet the demand new construction method is being used popularly known as Flat slab. Flat Slab has many advantages such as ease of application of formwork, more space to occupy, and shorter duration for construction. Implementing efficient load-bearing structures is an often-underestimated measure with enormous saving potential compared to conventional, but rather criteria such as construction costs the possibility of integrating building services components must be socially sustainable including safety, functionality, and adaptability. To construct commercial buildings mostly Flat slabs are economical compared with conventional slabs. The present work involves finding out the equivalent space framework with slab and column elements to reduce the effect of shear. Outcomes of RC Slab-Column joints with Shear Reinforcement from FE (Finite Element) analysis are presented. Three Interior Slab-Column Joints were modelled and analyzed in ANSYS. One slab specimen is without drop and shear reinforcement the second specimen is with drop and without shear reinforcement and the third specimen is without drop and with shear reinforcement. Similarly, three Exterior and three Edge Joints were modelled and analysed. In this study, the enhancement of principal stress, shear stress, principal strain, and shear strain of the slab-column assemblies by provision of shear reinforcement were discussed. The provision of shear reinforcement at slab-column assembly exhibited a maximum shear stress reduction of 42% at the edge joint.
Rehabilitation and restoration of the historic church using the conventional method
Authors: Monica D. , Brindha D. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This abstract outline the restoration process of St. Michael and All Angels Church, which was constructed in the Thoothukudi region of Tamil Nadu in 1883. The church is a significant landmark and an important example of local ecclesiastical architecture. The project aims to use a methodical restoration approach to preserve the building’s historical and architectural identity. The first step in the process is to identify any structural deficiencies, which will then be addressed using traditional techniques. Traditional materials will also be used to replace any damaged parts, such as timber fittings, stained glass windows, and decorative elements, to maintain authenticity. The building will be assessed using a standard penetration radar test (GPR). The restoration work will use lime mortar consisting of lime (CaO), sand (SiO2), and juice extract from gall nut and jaggery, similar to the existing structure. The roof will be restored using a 5-layer protective coating. Special measures will be taken to preserve the historic significance of the building.
Experimental Investigation on Reactive Powder Concrete Designed with Micro silica and Alccofine1203
Authors: Abrahimi Ahmadshah , Bhikshma V. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the incorporation of micro silica and alccofine1203 as supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) in Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC). Optimization of normal RPC mix is performed using the modified Andreassen model by the Elkem Material Mix Analyzer (EMMA), alongside experiments involving 0–30% SCM replacement and different quartz sand size combinations. Rigorous assessments cover compressive strength, density, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, and flow diameter. The study underscores the effectiveness of the modified Andreassen model and suggests a blend of 10% micro silica and 20% alccofine1203 in RPC under normal curing conditions. The study achieved 127 MPa, 18 MPa, and 10 MPa compressive strength, flexural strength, and splitting tensile strength, respectively, by utilizing a blend of micro silica and alccofine. These values show 5%, 7%, and 9% increments, respectively, compared to the maximum values of only micro silica (20%) and alccofine1203 (20%) mixes. The study also identifies the impact of high-content (>2%) superplasticizer on early strength as well as the role of mixing duration, particularly in low-speed mixers for RPC.
The Role of Simulations in Teaching Policy
Authors: Wu Chi-Fang , Laursen Tiffany 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses the use of simulations to engage macro social work students in situations where public policy, community organizations, and social work practice intersect. The primary focus is on enhancing students’ proficiency in defining social problems faced by clients and subsequently identifying and connecting them with appropriate services and interventions. Students found the simulations beneficial in improving their understanding of how policy influences the lives of communities and individuals. This chapter highlights the pivotal role of simulations in preparing future macro social workers, emphasizing the profound insights gained by students into the intricate relationship between policy and practice and the varied approaches to addressing social issues. Students have expressed their interest in engaging with societal challenges and have identified the need for more simulations that address social justice, race relations, and intersectionality. Practical recommendations based on valuable student experiences are also provided.
Using Online Simulations in the Social Work Classroom
Authors: Cintrón Valerie , Sun Kang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Amid the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE) has proactively promoted the adoption of online simulation-based learning (SBL) as a pedagogical tool. Simulation as a legitimate means for field training has been put to the test when implemented online. This chapter delves into the benefits of utilizing online simulation series for social work training, providing valuable insights into creating a comprehensive and engaging learning experience for students. By implementing these strategies, learners will be better equipped to navigate the complex social work landscape. It highlights both class design aspects and student-centered participation and reflection to provide insights into developing effective online SBL experiences.