bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Misoprostol Attenuates Cardiomyocyte Proliferation in the Neonatal Heart through Bnip3 and Perinuclear Calcium Signaling
Authors: Martens Matthew D. , Field Jared T. , Seshadri Nivedita , Day Chelsea , Chapman Donald , Keijzer Richard , Doucette Christine R. , Hatch Grant M. , West Adrian R. , Ivanco Tammy L. , Gordon Joseph W. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSystemic hypoxia resulting from preterm birth, altered lung development, and cyanotic congenital heart disease is known to impede the regulatory and developmental pathways in the neonatal heart. While the molecular mechanisms are still unknown, hypoxia induces aberrant cardiomyocyte proliferation, which may be initially adaptive, but can ultimately program the heart to fail in early life. Recent evidence suggests that the prostaglandin E1 analogue, misoprostol, is cytoprotective in the hypoxia-exposed neonatal heart by impacting alternative splicing of the Bcl-2 family member Bnip3, resulting in the generation of a variant lacking the third exon (Bnip3ΔExon3 or small Nip; sNip). Using a rodent model of neonatal hypoxia, in combination with rat primary neonatal cardiomyocytes (PVNCs) and H9c2 cells, we sought to determine if misoprostol can prevent cardiomyocyte proliferation and what the key molecular mechanisms might be in this pathway. In PVNCs, exposure to 10% oxygen induced myocyte proliferation concurrent with molecular markers of cell-cycle progression, such as Cyclin-D1, which were prevented by misoprostol treatment. Furthermore, we describe a critical role for sNip in opposing cardiomyocyte proliferation through several mechanisms, including reduced expression of the proliferative MEF2C-myocardin-BMP10 pathway, accumulation of nuclear calcium leading to NFATc3 activation, and increased expression of the cardiac maturation factor BMP2. Intriguingly, misoprostol and sNip inhibited hypoxia-induced glycolytic flux, which directly influenced myocyte proliferation. These observations were further supported by knockdown studies, where hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte proliferation is restored in misoprostol-treated cells by an siRNA targeting sNip. Finally, in postnatal day (PND)-10 rat pups exposed to hypoxia, we observed histological evidence of increased nuclei number and increased PPH3 staining, which were completely attenuated by misoprostol treatment. Collectively, this data demonstrates how neonatal cardiomyocyte proliferation can be pharmacologically modulated by misoprostol treatment, which may have important implications for both neonatal and regenerative medicine.
Mitochondrial genome of non-photosynthetic mycoheterotrophic plant Hypopitys monotropa,its structure, gene expression and RNA editing
Authors: Shtratnikova Viktoria Y. , Schelkunov Mikhail I. , Penin Aleksey A. , Logacheva Maria D. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHeterotrophic plants – the plants that lost the ability to photosynthesis – are characterized by a number of changes at all levels of organization. Heterotrophic plants divide into two large categories – parasitic and mycoheterotrophic. The question of to what extent these changes are similar in these two categories is still open. Plastid genomes of non-photosynthetic plants are well characterized and they demonstrate similar patterns of reduction in both groups. In contrast, little is known about mitochondrial genomes of mycoheterotrophic plants. We report the structure of the mitochondrial genome of Hypopitys monotropa, a mycoheterotrophic member of Ericaceae, and the expression of mitochondrial genes. In contrast to its highly reduced plastid genome, the mitochondrial genome of H. monotropa is larger than that of its photosynthetic relative Vaccinium macrocarpon, its complete size is ~810 Kbp. We found an unusually long repeat-rich structure of the genome that suggests the existence of linear fragments. Despite this unique feature, the gene content of the H. monotropa mitogenome is typical of flowering plants. No acceleration of substitution rates is observed in mitochondrial genes, in contrast to previous observations on parasitic non-photosynthetic plants. Transcriptome sequencing revealed trans-splicing of several genes and RNA editing in 33 genes of 38. Notably, we did not find any traces of horizontal gene transfer from fungi, in contrast to plant parasites which extensively integrate genetic material from their hosts.
Adipocyte JAK2 mediates aging-associated metabolic liver disease and progression to hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Corbit Kevin C. , Wilson Camella G. , Lowe Dylan , Tran Jennifer L. , Vera Nicholas B. , Clasquin Michelle , Mattis Aras N. , Weiss Ethan J. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and steatohepatitis (NASH) are liver manifestations of the metabolic syndrome and can progress to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Loss of Growth Hormone (GH) signaling is reported to predispose to NAFLD and NASH through direct actions on the liver. Here, we report that aged mice lacking hepatocyteJak2(JAK2L), an obligate transducer of Growth Hormone (GH) signaling, spontaneously develop the full spectrum of phenotypes found in patients with metabolic liver disease, beginning with insulin resistance and lipodystrophy and manifesting as NAFLD, NASH and even HCC, independent of dietary intervention. Remarkably, insulin resistance, metabolic liver disease, and carcinogenesis are prevented in JAK2L mice via concomitant deletion of adipocyteJak2(JAK2LA). Further, we demonstrate that GH increases hepatic lipid burden but does so indirectly via signaling through adipocyte JAK2. Collectively, these data establish adipocytes as the mediator of GH-induced metabolic liver disease and carcinogenesis. In addition, we report a new spontaneous model of NAFLD, NASH, and HCC that recapitulates the natural sequelae of human insulin resistance-associated disease progression. The work presented here suggests a attention be paid towards inhibition of adipocyte GH signaling as a therapeutic target of metabolic liver disease.
Polyhydroxyalkanoate granule accumulation makes optical density measurement an unreliable method for bacterial growth assessment inBurkholderia thailandensis
Authors: Martinez Sarah , Déziel Eric 
Published: June 2019

AbstractOptical density (OD) measurement is the standard method used in microbiology for estimating bacterial concentrations in cultures. However, most studies do not compare these measurements with viable cell counts and assume that they reflect the real cell concentration.Burkholderia thailandensiswas recently identified as a polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) producer. PHA biosynthesis seems to be coded by an ortholog of theCupriavidus necator phaCgene. When growing cultures of wildtype strain E264 and an isogenicphaC- mutant, we noted a difference in their OD600values, although viable cell counts indicated similar growth. Investigating the cellular morphologies of both strains, we found that under our conditions the wildtype strain was full of PHA granules, deforming the cells, while the mutant contained no granules. These factors apparently affected the light scattering, making the OD600values no longer representative of cell density. We show a direct correlation between OD600values and the accumulation of PHA. We conclude that OD measurement is unreliable for growth evaluation ofB. thailandensisbecause of PHA production. This study also suggests thatB. thailandensiscould represent an excellent candidate for PHA bioproduction. Correlation between OD measurements and viable cell counts should be verified on any study realized inB. thailandensis.
Development and Binocular Matching of Orientation Selectivity in Visual Cortex: A Computational Model
Authors: Xu Xize , Cang Jianhua , Riecke Hermann 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn mouse visual cortex, right after eye-opening binocular cells have different orientation preferences for input from the two eyes. With normal visual experience during a critical period, these orientation preferences shift and eventually become well matched. To gain insight into the matching process, we developed a computational model of a cortical cell receiving - via plastic synapses - orientation selective inputs that are individually monocular. The model captures the experimentally observed matching of the orientation preferences, the dependence of matching on ocular dominance of the cell, and the relationship between the degree of matching and the resulting monocular orientation selectivity. Moreover, our model puts forward testable predictions: i) the matching speed increases with initial ocular dominance and decreases with initial orientation selectivity; ii) matching proceeds faster than the sharpening of the orientation selectivity, suggesting that orientation selectivity is not a driving force for the matching process; iii) there are two main routes to matching: the preferred orientations either drift towards each other or one of the orientations switches suddenly. The latter occurs for cells with large initial mismatch and can render the cell monocular. We expect that these results provide insight more generally into the development of neuronal systems that integrate inputs from multiple sources, including different sensory modalities.New & NoteworthyAnimals gather information through multiple modalities (vision, audition, touch, etc). These information streams have to be merged coherently to provide a meaningful representation of the world. Thus, for neurons in visual cortex V1 the orientation selectivities for inputs from the two eyes have to match to enable binocular vision. We analyze the postnatal process underlying this matching using computational modeling. It captures recent experimental results and reveals interdependence between matching, ocular dominance, and orientation selectivity.
Modern methods to monitor end winding vibrations in turbo-generators
Authors: Kreischer Christian 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
Problems caused by end winding vibrations in power plant generators have become increasingly evident in recent years and reveal a need for monitoring and diagnostic systems. An increasing number of operational outages are caused by failures of the winding insulation or the conductor itself due to end winding vibrations. Meanwhile, it is clear that the condition of the end winding must be continuously monitored during operation to detect ineffective end winding support in time and to plan the repair.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the complex and nonlinear excitation mechanisms in large machines are presented and modern methods for vibration monitoring are described. Through a consistent use of vibration monitoring in the end winding area as well as the vibration diagnosis done by experts, damage mechanisms can be detected at an early stage, repair measures can be planned and serious damage owing to a weakened main insulation can be avoided.

Findings
By combining modal analysis and trend monitoring in relation to the learned vibration behaviour, the end winding condition can be assessed in a differentiated manner and changes in the end winding structure can be detected early.

Originality/value
Finally, an assessment for a two-pole, air-cooled turbo generator is proposed.
The US dollar and new imperialism under the logic of capital accumulation
Authors: Qiu Haiping , Zhao Min 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The world currency is endowed with two inherent contradictions, namely, the general contradiction of all currencies and the special contradiction between the quality and quantity of the world currency. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
In the wake of the Second World War, the USA, with its strong economic and military strength, established an international monetary system centered on the US dollar (USD). This gave USD the status of “world currency” and bounded it to the US imperialist hegemony with mutual integration and interaction, making it possible for USD capital to conduct international exploitation and wealth plundering extensively around the world.

Findings
The contradiction between the capital logic and the power logic, which is inherent in capital accumulation models of the new imperialism, also indicates the inevitable decline of USD.

Originality/value
This constitutes an important feature of the new imperialism. However, as a sovereign currency, USD has inextricable and inherent contradictions while exercising its function as the world currency.
Comparing the safety climate of the Indonesian and Australian construction industries
Authors: Loosemore Martin , Sunindijo Riza Yosia , Lestari Fatma , Kusminanti Yuni , Widanarko Baiduri 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to assess, compare and explain safety climate differences between the Indonesian and Australian construction industries.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper reports a comparative safety climate survey of 415 construction personnel working in the Australian and Indonesia construction industries.

Findings
Surprisingly, the results show that the safety climate in Indonesia and Australia are similar and that the differences in safety performance, safety climate must be interpreted within the context of wider health and safety norms, regulations, awareness, knowledge and typical work environments to make any sense.

Research limitations/implications
This research contributes a missing international comparative dimension to the emerging research on construction safety climate. Indonesian studies are notably absent from this literature, despite the size of the country and the poor health and safety record of its construction industry. Similar comparisons between safety climate in other countries need to be made.

Practical implications
This research allows construction managers operating across international boundaries to better understand the cultural and institutional context in which safety climate is developed. This will assist in the development of more culturally sensitive safety management strategies.

Social implications
The construction industry’s poor safety record has serious implications for both individuals working in the industry, their immediate families and the communities in which they live. By improving the safety record of the industry these impacts can be reduced.

Originality/value
This research reveals, for the first time, the cultural and institutional complexities of comparing safety climate across different countries. The results contribute to safety climate research by highlighting the importance of cultural and institutional relativity in making international comparisons of health and safety research.
New integrable Vakhnenko–Parkes (VP) equations with time-dependent coefficients
Authors: Wazwaz Abdul-Majid 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is concerned with developing new integrable Vakhnenko–Parkes equations with time-dependent coeﬃcients. The author obtains multiple soliton solutions and multiple complex soliton solutions for the time-dependent equations.

Design/methodology/approach
The developed time-dependent models have been handled by using the Hirota’s direct method. The author also uses Hirota’s complex criteria for deriving multiple complex soliton solutions.

Findings
The developed integrable models exhibit complete integrability for any analytic time-dependent coeﬃcient.

Research limitations/implications
The paper presents an eﬃcient algorithm for handling time-dependent integrable equations with time-dependent coeﬃcients.

Practical implications
The author develops two Vakhnenko–Parkes equations with time-dependent coeﬃcients. These models represent more speciﬁc data than the related equations with constant coeﬃcients. The author showed that integrable equations with time-dependent coeﬃcients give real and complex soliton solutions.

Social implications
The work presents useful techniques for ﬁnding integrable equations with time-dependent coeﬃcients.

Originality/value
The paper gives new integrable Vakhnenko–Parkes equations, which give a variety of multiple real and complex soliton solutions.
Convective heat transfer enhancement: effect of multi-frequency heating
Authors: Manna Nirmal Kumar , Biswas Nirmalendu , Mahapatra Pallab Sinha 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
This study aims to enhance natural convection heat transfer for a porous thermal cavity. Multi-frequency sinusoidal heating is applied at the bottom of a porous square cavity, considering top wall adiabatic and cooling through the sidewalls. The different frequencies, amplitudes and phase angles of sinusoidal heating are investigated to understand their major impacts on the heat transfer characteristics.

Design/methodology/approach
The finite volume method is used to solve the governing equations in a two-dimensional cavity, considering incompressible laminar flow, Boussinesq approximation and Brinkman–Forchheimer–Darcy model. The mean-temperature constraint is applied for enhancement analysis.

Findings
The multi-frequency heating can markedly enhance natural convection heat transfer even in the presence of porous medium (enhancement up to ∼74 per cent). Only the positive phase angle offers heat transfer enhancement consistently in all frequencies (studied).

Research limitations/implications
The present research idea can usefully be extended to other multi-physical areas (nanofluids, magneto-hydrodynamics, etc.).

Practical implications
The findings are useful for devices working on natural convection.

Originality/value
The enhancement using multi-frequency heating is estimated under different parametric conditions. The effect of different frequencies of sinusoidal heating, along with the uniform heating, is collectively discussed from the fundamental point of view using the average and local Nusselt number, thermal and hydrodynamic boundary layers and heatlines.
Study on the transition process of a molten salt pump transporting media with crystalline particles by modeling test and numerical simulation
Authors: Shao Chunlei , He Aixia , Zhang Zhongyuan , Zhou Jianfeng 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the transition process from the crystalline particles appearing before the pump inlet to the stable operation of the pump.

Design/methodology/approach
Firstly, a modeling test method was put forward for the high-temperature molten salt pump. Then, according to a modeling test scheme, the experiment of the solid–liquid two-phase flow was carried out by using a model pump similar to the prototype pump. Meanwhile, the numerical method to simulate the transition process of a molten salt pump was studied, and the correctness of the numerical model was verified by the experimental results. Finally, the transition process of the molten salt pump was studied by the verified numerical model in detail.

Findings
In the simulation of the transition process, it is more accurate to judge the end of the transition process based on the unchanged particle volume fraction (PVF) at the pump outlet than on the periodic fluctuation of the outlet pressure. The outlet pressure is closely related to the PVF in the pump. The variation of the outlet pressure is slightly prior to that of the PVF at the pump outlet and mainly affected by the PVF in the impeller and volute. After 0.63 s, the PVF at each monitoring point changes periodically, and the time-averaged value does not change with time.

Practical implications
This study is of great significance to further improve the design method of molten salt pump and predict the abrasion characteristic of the pump due to interactions with solid particles.

Originality/value
A numerical method is established to simulate the transition process of a molten salt pump, and a method is proposed to verify the numerical model of two-phase flow by modeling test.
The antecedents of tourist attitudes to revisit and revisit intentions for coastal tourism
Authors: Hasan Md Kamrul , Abdullah Shamsul Kamariah , Lew Tek Yew , Islam Md Faridul 
Published: June 2019

PurposeThis study aims to empirically examine the factors that are likely to affect tourists’ attitudes to revisit, which, in turn, influence their revisit intentions towards beach destinations.Design/methodology/approachData were collected through a personal-administered survey of 601 tourists from three leading beach destinations in Bangladesh.FindingsThe empirical results indicate that perceived destination risks affect neither tourists’ attitudes to revisit nor their revisit intentions. However, tourists’ satisfaction and destination image directly affect both their attitudes to revisit and their revisit intentions.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study contribute to the extension of the body of knowledge, especially in beach tourism settings where the proposed relationships have yet to be studied.Originality/valueCoastal-based beach tourism is one of the least researched areas in tourism literature. The relationship between tourist attitude to revisit and revisit intention is exclusive in tourism literature.
The mediation effect of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on the organizational learning effect of the employee performance
Authors: Hendri Muhammad Irfani 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to test the effect of organizational learning on employees’ job satisfaction, the effect of organizational learning on the employees’ organizational commitment, the effect of the organizational learning on employees’ performance, the effect of job satisfaction on the employees’ performance and the effect of organizational commitment on employees’ performance in PTPN XIII (Limited Liability Company) in West Kalimantan.

Design/methodology/approach
The population in this research refers to all employees of PTPN XIII (Limited Liability Company) in West Kalimantan, with the criteria that the employees are from class III‒IV (population of access). The size of the sample is determined by using the partial least square approach, which is 10 times of the size of formative indicator, that is, job satisfaction with five indicators plus employee performance with eight indicators, with the total being 13 × 10 = 130 employees. The sampling method used is proportional random sampling technique, which is based on work area (three working areas: Head Office, West Kalimantan I District and West Kalimantan District II).

Findings
Learning organization has a significant and positive effect on job satisfaction and organizational commitment, but it has no significant effect on the employee performance. Job satisfaction and organizational commitment have a significant effect on employee performance.

Originality/value
The phenomenon that existed in PTPN XIII (Limited Liability Company) and referring from various previous research results, the study regarding employee performance was conducted using organizational learning variable as an exogenous variable and using job satisfaction and organizational commitment variable as an intervening variable. Robbins (1996) revealed that the relationship between organizational learning and performance is not very close. It is necessary to have other variables that can reinforce the relationship and to determine the extent to which the organizational learning can contribute to the improvement of the performance.