bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KOMBINASI DCT DAN BEAUFORT CHIPER UNTUK PENINGKATAN KEAMANAN HAK CIPTA CITRA DIGITAL
Authors: Setiadi De Rosal Ignatius Moses , Jatmoko Cahaya , Rachmawanto Eko Hari , Sari Christy Atika 
Published: December 2018

Informasi penting seperti hak cipta tentunya perlu diamankan, terlebih saat era digital saat ini yang semakin canggih. Pengamanan informasi dapat dilakukan dengan teknik kriptografi atau penyandian. Sedangkan untuk pengamanan hak cipta dapat dilakukan dengan teknik watermarking. Penelitian ini mengkombinasi teknik kriptografi dan watermarking. Sebelum watermark disisipkan watermark disandikan terlebih dahulu. Metode watermarking yang diusulkan adalah DCT dan metode kriptografi yang diusulkan adalah Beaufort cipher. DCT dipilih karena merupakan transformasi domain yang tahan terhadap macam-macam manipulasi, cukup ringan dalam kalkulasi dan menghasilkan watermarking yang impercept. Sedangkan Beaufort cipher merupakan algoritma yang sederhana tapi sangat aman untuk pengamanan data. Alat ukur yang digunakanÂ dalam eksperimen adalah SSIM, CC dan analisis histogram. Berdasarkan pengukuran terhadap hasil eksperimen dari metode yang diusulkan didapatkan hasil watermarking yang tahan terhadap serangan, impercept, dan aman.
Atuação do Enfermeiro nas estratégias para resolução de conflitos
Authors: De Sousa Ana Caroline Duarte , Silva Fabiana Souza , Espindola Juliana Silva , Moreira Natalia Lima , Dragnov Patrícia Bover 
Published: December 2018

Introdução: Saber lidar com situações de conflitos e como eles tem influência na vida das pessoas é fundamental para o enfermeiro, que no papel de líder gerencia sua equipe de enfermagem nas atribuições a assistência. Objetivo: Descrever estratégias resolutivas de negociação de conflitos na enfermagem. Metodologia: Este estudo trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica da literatura. Como critério de seleção dos artigos, foram utilizados aqueles publicados nos últimos 10 anos (período de 2008 a 2018) e indexados nas bases de BDENF e LILACS. Resultados: Foram selecionados 14 artigos e 1 livro para o desenvolvimento deste estudo. De acordo com a pesquisa realizada, foram criadas as categorias: descrever conflitos e os aspectos na área da saúde e enfermagem; estratégias de negociação na enfermagem; estratégias resolutivas – infográfico. Considerações finais: Através deste estudo exploramos as estratégias mais utilizadas pelo enfermeiro para solução de conflitos, destacando temas de supra importância para o entendimento do assunto. Ter um bom relacionamento e uma comunicação eficaz com a sua equipe, além de gerar confiança, os mesmos poderão se sentir mais à vontade para trazer um conflito à gerência, ganhando a oportunidade de crescer como um grande líder; conquistando um ambiente de trabalho mais equilibrado e agradável para os mesmos.Palavras-chave: Estratégia; Conflito; Negociação; Gestão Hospitalar; Enfermagem
Exchange-traded products in Germany: development and substitution of exchange-traded funds, exchange-traded commodities and exchange-traded notes
Authors: Marszk Adam 
Published: December 2018

Research background: Exchange-traded products (ETPs) are one of the most rapidly growing categories of financial products. Their fast development has been boosted by innovative features. Three main categories of ETPs are exchange-traded funds (ETFs), exchange-traded commodities (ETCs) and exchange-traded notes (ETNs). ETCs and ETNs remain least known, even though their number on some stock exchanges is high. In Europe, Germany is one of the largest and most active ETPs markets. ETCs and ETNs are debt instruments, in contrast with the most popular ETFs, which are equity securities. Therefore, they offer investors different advantages, but also expose them to other types of risks.
Purpose of the article: The key aim of the article is to present the features of ETPs and to provide in-depth insight into the issues linked with the development of ETPs market in Germany, with the special emphasis on the ETCs and ETNs.
Methods: In the main empirical part of the article, German ETPs market is analyzed using descriptive statistics and technological substitution framework (employed for the analysis of innovations in order to evaluate the changing market shares of, first, ETFs versus ETCs and ETNs, as well as, second, ETFs versus other types of investment funds). The period of the analysis is 2010?2016 in the former case and 2007?2016 in the latter.
Findings & Value added: Share of ETPs other than ETFs in the total market in Germany remains low. Even though the market position of the leading products, i.e. ETFs, is still very strong, some substitution has been observed, especially after 2015. Predictions indicate that this trend will continue in the upcoming years. The results of the analysis of the investment funds? market confirm the substitution between ETFs and traditional investment funds over 2007?2017, in particular in the first years of this time period.
Trade interdependence between Russia vs. the European Union and China within the context of the competitiveness of the Russian economy
Authors: Falkowski Krzysztof 
Published: December 2018

Research background: The position of a country in the international division of labour is determined by the competitiveness of its trade, the structure of which may both reveal and perpetuate the comparative advantages possessed. This is particularly true for Dutch disease economies such as Russia. Recently, economic literature has seen a growing interest in the topic of Russia?s economic relations with the European Union and China. This article is aimed at being the Author?s contribution to this discussion.
Purposes of the article: (1) to discuss the existing trade interdependence between Russia and the EU28, and Russia and China; (2) to try to assess the extent to which the current structure of Russian trade with these two partners corresponds with the competitiveness of the Russian economy.
Methods: An in-depth analysis of Russia-EU28 and Russia-China trade interdependencies in 2007-2015 has been conducted, with emphasis on the categories of goods within the spectrum from low- to high-technology, according to the OECD classification. Furthermore, in order to analyse Russia?s competitive profile with regard to the same categories of goods, Balassa?s methodology of revealed comparative advantages has been applied.
Findings & Value added: In the recent years, a growing importance of China in Russian trade turnover can be observed, being the effect of dynamic growth of Chinese economy, cooling political relations between Moscow and Brussels and the drop in oil prices in international markets. The existing structure of Russian trade with the EU28 and China seems likely to preserve its traditional competitive advantages in the medium-low-technology goods and oil, which, in turn, will only further exacerbate the negative consequences of the so-called Dutch disease affecting the Russian economy.
Earnings management in the private equity divestment process on Warsaw Stock Exchange
Authors: Sosnowski Tomasz 
Published: December 2018

Research background: Prior studies suggest that companies which go public manage earnings in order to inflate the issue price. However, for private equity funds the use of such activity can be costly in terms of the reputation capital as they are repetitive stock market players. The results of previous research on the effect of private equity fund on the quality of pre-IPO reported earnings are mixed and inconclusive.
Purpose of the article: The main aim of the study is to empirically investigate the use of pre-IPO earnings management by private equity funds in the process of divestment conducted on a stock exchange.
Methods: I provide comparisons between PE-backed companies and firms with a similar initial market value and growth potential, using the method of single-linkage clustering to build the study sample. In order to assess the scale of pre-IPO earnings management, I apply the discretionary accruals model of Larcker and Richardson [2004].
Findings & Value added: Using a sample of companies conducting IPO on WSE between 2005 and 2015 I do not find evidence that the presence of private equity fund among the shareholders of the company in the period preceding first listing of shares on a stock market constrains the use of earnings management prior to the IPO. The difference between the discretionary accruals in PE-backed and matched companies, when controlling for the market value and book-to-market ratio, is statistically insignificant. To be specific, companies with private equity funds in their shareholder structure do not exhibit lower scale of earnings management prior to the IPO in comparison to other new stock companies.
Multiple-criteria analysis of regional entrepreneurship conditions in Poland
Authors: Rogalska Elżbieta 
Published: December 2018

Research background: Building effective conditions for doing business and sup-porting entrepreneurs is currently considered as a basic growth determinant. It is a policy objective not only at the national level, but also an important factor influencing the competitive potential of regions and local communities. It is especially important in the case of Central European countries and regions that face the problem of closing development gap. Therefore, comparative research with regard to entrepreneurship conditions, especially at spatially lower aggregation level, can provide important background for proposing policy guidelines.
Purpose of the article: The main objective of the article is to analyse changes in disparities in regard to entrepreneurship conditions in Poland at NUTS 3 level in the years 2010 and 2015.
Methods: The entrepreneurship conditions are analysed based on 5 criteria. As a result, they are considered as a multiple-criteria phenomenon. Therefore, in the article the dynamic analysis was implemented, where taxonomic measure of development was assessed with TOPSIS method based on median vector Weber. The obtained taxonomic measure allowed to rank the NUTS 3 regions starting with the ones characterised with the best conditions for entrepreneurs to the ones with the worst conditions, to group then into relatively homogenous subsets, and finally to verify the changes in the disparities between the regions in the analysed period.
Findings & Value added: The research confirms that in spite of visible improvements significant disparities at the regional level in regard to entrepreneurial conditions should be considered as an actual and important problem for regional policy in Poland. This factor can negatively affect the possibilities of reaching spatially sustainable growth objectives. From the long-term perspective, the disparities can still negatively affects social and political growth environment in Poland.
Sales range and innovative activity in the manufacturing system of Poland
Authors: Świadek Arkadiusz 
Published: December 2018

Research background: In the literature, there is a discussion on the importance of the spatial distance from the user in the context innovation activity. However, most of this kind of studies concentrate on exporting enterprises and compare them to domestic ones. Exporting activity is very important for catching-up countries, because of technology transfer in its background.
Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to determine whether the innovative activity in Poland?s manufacturing system is a consequence of close interactions (local and regional), or perhaps conditioned by the imperative of functioning on the national and international market. The main hypothesis was that on the current development level of Poland, the relationship between the range of sales and innovation activities are different from those in the more developed countries.
Methods: Empirical studies was created in 2006?2012 as a result of the systematic collection of questionnaires filled by manufacturing enterprises in Poland from all regions (5209 correct fulfilled questionnaires). Methodical analysis was based on the theory of probability ? probit modeling, because dependent variables were binary (0 or 1).
Findings & Value added: Local and regional space is not stimulating innovation activity in opposite to national one. High intensity observed only when the company has been working on the international market. It means that the industry maturity level in Poland is good enough for creating a domestic innovation environment. This kind of an aggregation level should be stimulated by the government innovation policy.
The impact of the diversification of revenues on NGOs? commercialization: evidence from Poland
Authors: Mikołajczak Paweł 
Published: December 2018

Research background: The commercialization of non-governmental organizations through undertaking an activity based on the commercial sale of services and products is a phenomenon which raises controversy among numerous researchers. Traditionally, NGOs act in a sector of social services to solve problems, such as homelessness, exclusion or social pathologies. They also provide different services which cannot be provided by the market, for instance in education, the healthcare system, culture, or art. Driven by a social mission, NGOs introduce their concepts, strongly relying on fees to perform their activity. They also obtain funds in the form of public donations or payments from private or institutional donors. Growing social needs and changes in the governmental policy aimed at reducing social-aid spending have put pressure on NGOs to develop entrepreneurial strategies to gain financial support.
Purpose of the article: The aim of the paper is to investigate how particular funding sources affect the probability of non-governmental organizations? commercialization.
Methods: Data for the analyses have been collected from a national survey of Polish non-governmental organizations. In the analysis of logistic regression, a specially-developed model was used to estimate the probability of NGOs? commercialization, depending on the selected categories of funding sources.
Findings & Value added: An analysis of the results indicates clearly that the likelihood of NGOs? commercialization slightly decreases as a greater number of private external financial sources is used. In contrast with existing literature, which claims that government funding is crowding out commercial activity, this research finds that, to some extent, public funds positively stimulate the commercialization of NGOs. The contribution of this research is that it introduces the category of internal financing sources of non-profit organizations, which have been overlooked in previous studies. The article provides clear statistical arguments demonstrating that private internal revenues strongly affect the commercialization of the organizations surveyed. The paper is the first to present a model that comprehensively considers the probability of NGOs? commercialization, including private external and internal, as well as public, sources of funding.
ACUTE APPENDICITIS: HISTORY AND CURRENT STATE OF THE MEDICAL CARE
Authors: Barsukova I. M. , Gavshchuk M. V. , Krivov A. P. 
Published: December 2018

Introduction. The problem of diagnostics and treatment of an acute appendicitis, despite of comprehensive study of this issue, remains extremely actual that is caused by a high incidence of appendicitis, considerable number of various complications of this disease in the pre - and postoperative period. The objective of this study is to assess the current state and dynamics of indicators on acute surgical pathology of abdominal organs in St. Petersburg, scientific justification of the main trends in the development of surgical science and practice. Material and methods.Materials on monitoring of acute surgical pathology of abdominal organs in St. Petersburg are presented to one of 7 nosological forms in the article, – an acute appendicitis. Historical-analytical, standard- legal and statistical methods were used. Results. A decrease in the proportion of patients with acute appendicitis in the structure of 7 nosological forms of acute surgical pathology of the abdominal organs, united in the concept of «acute abdomen» (by 64.18 %: from 91.93 % in 1953 to 27.75 % in 2016); a decrease in the number of operated patients by 67.9 %; an increase in operational activity to 98.28 % in 2016; an increase in the proportion of patients with hospitalization for less than 24 hours from 58.13 % (1932-1946) to 66.74 % (1953-2016); the rate of late hospitalization (later than 24 hours) remains almost stable for the entire period of observation (more than 60 years), and in recent years has even a slight increase (+8.21%). There is a decrease in postoperative mortality in acute appendicitis in 350 times (from 21.00% in 1910 to 0.06% in 2016).Conclusion. The work demonstrates the success of healthcare in the field of emergency surgery, which are due to many factors to improve organizational approaches related to the development of diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis, including – description of characteristic symptoms, introduction of laboratory diagnostics, study of atypical and complicated clinical forms, peculiarities of the disease course in children and elderly people, definition of the terms of surgical intervention, introduction into clinical practice and improvement of instrumental methods of diagnostics and endosurgical methods of appendectomy, etc.
MEDICAL AND SOCIAL EFFICIENCY OF REHABILITATION OF CHILDREN AFTER NEUROINFECTIONS
Authors: Samoylova I. G. 
Published: December 2018

Introduction. The increased attention from the state to the organization of rehabilitation measures, especially among children, requires evaluation and development of measures to improve the effectiveness of all areas of rehabilitation – medical, social and professional rehabilitation. The development of measures increasing efficiency is especially important among children, since children are the main potential of the country. The objective of the study was to evaluate the medical and social effectiveness of the rehabilitation measures carried out for children after neuroinfections. Material and methods. During the study, parents of children after neuroinfections were interviewed, as well as the examination of changes in large motor functions and functional state was carried out by doctors of the Clinic of “Scientific and Research Institution of Children’s Infections”. Medical experts used special evaluation scales in order to objectify the research.Results. The overwhelming majority of parents (90.4 %) note an improvement in the condition of their children in terms of medical and social adaptation. More than one third of parents (35.9 %) note the improvement of their children’s condition, according to all seven criteria proposed for the answer (formation of independent walking skills, stabilization of emotional-volitional activity, acquisition of new social household skills, ability to sit, decrease of muscle tone, speech development and improvement of manipulative functions of the hand). According to the expert opinion of the doctors of the Clinic, 78.8 % of children suffered from the disruption of large motor functions, and children of the first level, i.e. the lightest, according to the classification scale for large motor functions (GMFCS), was only 17 %. After four courses of rehabilitation in the Clinic, the proportion of children of the first level increased significantly and amounted to 48.2 %. Improvements in the opinion of medical experts, based on the results of the questioning, were also observed in functional status, in such positions as communication, everyday life skills, socialization and motor skills.Сonclusion. Thus, the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures for children after neuroinfections has been proved. Moreover, with the increase in the number of rehabilitation courses, the state of children improves both by the medical and social criteria.
PSYCHOLOGICAL ADJUSTMENT AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH BONE TUMOR
Authors: Shchelkova O. Yu. , Usmanova E. B. , Gorbunov I. A. , Sushentsov E. A. 
Published: December 2018

The article reflects the results of empirical research and theoretical understanding of the interaction of mechanisms of psychological adjustment to the disease and the main parameters of quality of life in chronic somatic disease. We examined139 patients suffering from different forms of oncological damage of bones of the musculoskeletal system, who treated in «N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology». Such psychodiagnostic methods as «BIG 5», «Ways of coping», «Purpose-in-Life Test», «Questionnaire of relation to disease «TOBOL», «SF-36 Health Status Survey», «Quality of Life Questionnaire» EORTC QLQ-C30 with additional module BM-22 for patients with bone tumor were used; Karnofsky scale and ECOG-WHO scale (from medical records) were used to assess the objective somatic status of patients. Cluster, factor and multifactorial dispersion analysis of data was performed, which showed the influence of the selected «profiles» (clusters) of personality («Neurotic person», «Mature, adapted person», «Person with a high level of self-consciousness and responsibility», «Socially maladjusted personality») on the generalized factors of quality of life («Life activity», «Optimal quality of life in the conditions of disease», as well as the factor «Gastrointestinal problems», reflecting the somatization of psychological problems in the situation of the disease). The results of the study show that the integrated study of the mechanisms of psychological adaptation and characteristics of the quality of life in the conditions of the disease opens up new ways of psychological care and social rehabilitation of cancer patients, as it allows to take into account in each case the influence of «the profile of personality» on individual domains of quality of life.
ANNELERİN SÜT DİŞLENME İLE İLGİLİ BİLGİ VE DENEYİMLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Erkmen Almaz Merve 
Published: December 2018

Amaç: Süt dişlenme ile eşzamanlı olarak
birçok semptom ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Bununla birlikte, dişlenmeye spesifik
herhangi bir semptom veya belirti olduğuna dair yeterli bilimsel kanıt mevcut
değildir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, annelerin süt dişlenme ile ilgili bilgi düzeyini
ölçmek, çocuklarının diş sürmesi sırasında yaşadıkları deneyimleri ve bunlarla
ilgili uyguladıkları çözümleri değerlendirmektir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Kırıkkale ili merkezinde
seçilen ilkokullarda 1. sınıfta okuyan çocukların anneleri çalışmaya dahil
edilmiştir. Çalışma verileri anket yardımıyla elde edilmiştir. Veriler
tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve ki-kare testi ile analiz edilmiş, p değeri
&lt;0.05 olduğunda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edilmiştir.Bulgular: Bu kesitsel çalışmaya toplam 307
anne katılmıştır. Annelerin büyük çoğunluğu, süt dişlerinin 6-7 aylıkken
sürmeye başladığını (%81.1) ve ilk olarak alt keser dişlerin sürdüğünü (%84.4)
bilmektedir. Cisimleri ısırma isteği (%83), ateş (%79.4), salivasyon artışı
(%76.2), iştah kaybı (%71), uyku bozukluğu (%70.3) ve dişeti iritasyonunun
(%68) süt dişlenme ile ilişkili olarak en sık görülen belirti ve semptomlar
olduğu anneler tarafından bildirilmiştir. Dişin sürmesi sırasında oluşan
ağrının giderilmesi için, annelerin %83.7’si çocuğuna sistemik analjezikler
verdiğini ve %72.3'ü topikal analjezikleri diş etlerine uyguladığını
belirtmiştir.Sonuç: Süt dişlenme ile ilgili eksik bilgi
düzeyi ve yanlış inanışlar olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Annelere dişlenme hakkında
ve bu dönemde karşılaşabilecekleri problemlere çözüm bulma konusunda eğitim
programlarına ihtiyaç vardır.