bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating The Retention Potential of Chitosan Nanoparticulate Gel: Design, Development, In Vitro & Ex Vivo Characterization
Authors: Kaul Shreya , Jain Neha , Pandey Jaya , Nagaich Upendra 
Published: October 2019

Introduction:
The main purpose of the research was to develop, optimize and
characterize tobramycin sulphate loaded chitosan nanoparticles based gel in order to ameliorate
its therapeutic efficacy, precorneal residence time, stability, targeting and to provide
controlled release of the drug.

Methods:
Box-Behnken design was used to optimize formulation by 3-factors (chitosan,
STPP and tween 80) and 3-levels. Developed formulation was subjected for characterizations
such as shape and surface morphology, zeta potential, particle size, in vitro drug release
studies, entrapment efficiency of drug, visual inspection, pH, viscosity, spreadability,
drug content, ex vivo transcorneal permeation studies, ocular tolerance test, antimicrobial
studies, isotonicity evaluation and histopathology studies.

Results:
Based on the evaluation parameters, the optimized formulation showed a particle
size of 43.85 ± 0.86 nm and entrapment efficiency 91.56% ± 1.04, PDI 0.254. Cumulative
in vitro drug release was up to 92.21% ± 1.71 for 12 hours and drug content was found between
95.36% ± 1.25 to 98.8% ± 1.34. TEM analysis unfolded spherical shape of nanoparticles.
TS loaded nanoparticulate gel exhibited significantly higher transcorneal permeation
as well as bioadhesion when compared with marketed formulation. Ocular tolerance was
evaluated by HET-CAM test and formulation was non-irritant and well-tolerated. Histopathology
studies revealed that there was no evidence of damage to the normal structure of
the goat cornea. As per ICH guidelines, stability studies were conducted and were subjected
for 6 months.

Conclusion:
Results revealed that the developed formulation could be an ideal substitute
for conventional eye drops for the treatment of bacterial keratitis.
The Structure and Function of α, β and γ-Secretase as Therapeutic Target Enzymes in the Development of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review
Authors: Ahmad Syed S. , Khan Shahzad , Kamal Mohammad A. , Wasi Umam 
Published: October 2019

:Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects the central nervous system. There are several factors that cause AD, like, intracellular hyperphosphorylated Tau tangles, collection of extracellular Amyloid-β42 and generation of reactive oxygen species due to mitochondrial dysfunction. This review analyses the most active target of AD and both types of AD-like early-onset AD and late-onset AD. BACE1 is a β-secretase involved in the cleavage of amyloid precursor protein and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. The presenilin proteins play a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer malady by intervening the intramembranous cleavage of amyloid precursor protein and the generation of amyloid β. The two homologous proteins PS1 and PS2 speak to the reactant subunits of particular γ-secretase edifices that intercede an assortment of cellular processes. Natural products are common molecular platforms in drug development in AD. Many natural products are being tested in various animal model systems for their role as a potential therapeutic target in AD. Presently, there are a few theories clarifying the early mechanisms of AD pathogenesis. Recently, research advancements in the field of nanotechnology, which utilize macromolecular strategies to make drugs in nanoscale measurements, offer nanotechnology-based diagnostic tools and drug carriers which are highly sensitive for effective drug targeting in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
Study of Various Virulence Genes, Biofilm Formation and Extended-Spectrum β-lactamase Resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Hamam Sanaa S. , El Kholy Reem M. , Zaki Maysaa E. S. 
Published: October 2019

Objective:
The aims of the current study were to evaluate the capacity of K. pneumoniae isolated from hospital-acquired urinary tract infection to form biofilm, the relation of this capacity to various virulence genes and the prevalence of Extended Spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) among these isolates by phenotypic and genotypic methods.

Material and Methods:
The study included 100 non-duplicate strains of K. pneumoniae isolated from 100 different urine samples from patients with hospital-acquired urinary tract infection. The isolated strains were studied for biofilm formation, ESBL production by phenotypic methods. Molecular studies were applied for the detection of ESβLs genes blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M and for detection of virulence genes fimH, uge, rmpA, mag A, wzy, kfa and aerobactin genes.

Result:
The majority of the isolates had the capacity to form a biofilm (81%), with ESBL prevalence rate 41%. The most prevalent gene among ESBL producing K. pneumoniae was blaCTX-M (73.2%) followed by blaSHV (53.6%) and blaTEM (51.2%). Among the virulence genes studied in K. pneumoniae isolates, the most prevalent gene was fimH (76%), uge (70%). There was significant association between ESBL production, and resistance to amikacin, cefepime, ceftazidime, gentamicin, imipenem and meropenem and biofilm production in K. pneumoniae isolates. There was significant association between blaCTX-M, blaSHV, fimH, mag, kfa, wzy, rmpA and aerobactin and biofilm production in K. pneumoniae.

Conclusion:
The present study highlights the prevalence of virulence genes among biofilm-forming strains of K. pneumoniae isolated from hospital-acquired urinary tract infection. Moreover, there was association between biofilm formation and ESBL production. Further studies are required to elucidate the clinical impact of the association of these different mechanisms.
Pengaruh Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Kondisi Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Persepsi Penerapan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja
Authors: Hartono Arief , Sutopo Sutopo 
Published: October 2019

The aims of the study are to find out the influence of the following factors to the occupational health and safety (OHS) implementation perception: knowledge, attitude, working environment conditions, and all the three factors together. This research used the ex-post facto method. The population is 95 students. Data were collected using tests, questionnaire, and observation. Data were analyzed using regression analysis. The results show these following influences to the OHS implementation perception: knowledge 5.6%, attitude 7%, and working environment conditions 8.3%. The combined knowledge, attitude, and working environment conditions have influenced the OHS implementation perception by 15.2%.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengetahuan terhadap persepsi penerapan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja, pengaruh sikap, kondisi lingkungan kerja, pengetahuan terhadap persepsi penerapan K3. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ex- post facto. Populasi penelitian ini berjumlah 95 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes, kuesioner dan observasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengetahuan berpengaruh terhadap persepsi penerapan K3 sebesar 5,6%. Sikap berpengaruh positif terhadap persepsi penerapan K3 sebesar 7%. Kondisi lingkungan kerja berpengaruh positif terhadap persepsi penerapan K3 sebesar 8,3%. Pengetahuan, sikap dan kondisi lingkungan kerja secara bersama- sama berpengaruh terhadap persepsi penerapan K3 sebesar 15,2%.
Pengembangan Tata Letak Bengkel dan Program Praktik Fabrikasi Logam di SMK N 1 Seyegan
Authors: Sulistyo Aris , Hargiyarto Putut 
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this research and development are to plan a workshop layout, a program for practical works and to identify the inhibiting and supporting factors in the implementation stage. The development model used uses Analysis, Design, Implementation, and Evaluation. The subject of the research and development are teachers and technicians working in Metal Fabrication Workshops. The data were collected using observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study are metal fabrication workshop layouts, practical work program, and identification of the inhibiting and supporting factors in the research and development.Tujuan penelitian dan pengembangan ini adalah menghasilkan layout bengkel, program praktik dan identifikasi faktor penghambat, pendukung. Model pengembangan menggunakan Analisis, Desain, Implementasi dan Evaluasi. Subjek pada penelitian dan pengembangan ini adalah Guru dan Teknisi Bengkel Teknik Fabrikasi Logam. Alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil berupa layout bengkel praktik fabrikasi logam, komponen program praktik dan identifikasi faktor pendukung, penghambat dalam penelitian dan pengembangan
Kesiapan Berwirausaha Siswa SMK di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Rahdiyanta Dwi 
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of family environment factors, industry practice experience, and entrepreneurial knowledge on Vocational High Schools (VHS) students' entrepreneurship readiness in Yogyakarta. From a total population of 1095 students,300 were selected as samples using the proportional random sampling technique by means of the Krejcie and Morgan formula. The data were collected through inventories, observation sheets, and documents. The content validity was assessed through expert judgment. The construct validity was assessed using the factor analysis and the reliability using the Cronbach’s Alpha formula. The data were analyzed using the descriptive analysis, regression analysis, and path analysis at a significance level of 0.05. The results show that: (1) there is a positive and significant influence of family environment, industry practice experience, and entrepreneurial knowledge on VHSs students' entrepreneurial readiness; and (2) family environment factors, industry practice experience, and entrepreneurial knowledge have a significant influence both directly and indirectly in determining the entrepreneurship readiness of VHS students.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor lingkungan keluarga, pengalaman praktik industri, dan pengetahuan kewirausahaan terhadap kesiapan berwirausaha siswa SMK di DIY. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasional yang bersifat ex-post facto. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 1095 orang siswa. Jumlah sampel penelitian pada taraf kesalahan 5% sebanyak 300 siswa ditentukan dengan formula Krejcie dan Morgan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik proportional random sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan inventori, lembar pengamatan dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan lingkungan keluarga, pengalaman praktik industri, dan pengetahuan kewirausahaan terhadap kesiapan berwirausaha siswa SMK. Disamping itu, faktor lingkungan keluarga, pengalaman praktik industri, dan pengetahuan kewirausahaan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung dalam menentukan kesiapan berwirausaha siswa SMK
La Afinidad Electrónica, la peor de todas
Authors: Escalante-Tovar Sigfrido 
Published: October 2019

<p>Las propiedades periódicas abarcan un conjunto de manifestaciones de la materia que son objeto de análisis en los cursos básicos de las licenciaturas de química. Sus variaciones a lo largo de la tabla periódica son el vehículo para introducir a los alumnos en la relación de los modelos atómicos con propiedades observables y cuantificables macroscópicamente. La afinidad electrónica en particular presenta dificultades para su enseñanza por razones históricas. En este trabajo se retoma un enfoque didáctico que pretende facilitar a los estudiantes la comprensión de esta propiedad y sus variaciones a lo largo de la tabla periódica.</p>
PERANCANGAN GEDUNG SEKOLAH TAHAN GEMPA DI CABANG MUHAMMADIYAH WEDI KLATEN
Authors: Widodo Sri , Nugroho M.S.Priyono , Setiawan Budi 
Published: October 2019

Earthquake effect at 27 May 2006 have destroyed buildings ofMuhammadiyah effort in Wedi Klaten. The damages of buildings are cover:( a) TK ABA I and II have damages of roof and wall; ( b) TK Islamterpadu, children play group have total damage; ( c) SD Islam terpaduhave light damage. The damages of shool building have pursued theprocess of education at the school. In order to aim recovery the damagesschool, activity of this devotion to society is to give design of schoolbuilding which earthquake resitance, cheap, quickly construction andcan be developed. School building designed to one class unit, so that ifneeded some classes remain to combine it, and this combining isaccomodated with area and shape of land available. Designing by usingsystem of earthquake resistance. The concepts are as light as possibleand the and the building framework which consist of column, ring beamand sloof beam are made interaction so that forming room constructionthat having bigger moment of inertia. The activity of devotion to societyhave produced design of one class unit with size 6m x 8 m with buildingframework consist of reinforced concrete, wall from wood and roof madefrom waving zinc. One class unit is estimated require Rp.13,796,213.ofconstruction cost with duration of constructon is one month.
PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA BERBASIS TEKS DALAM KURIKULUM 2013 MELALUI SIARAN PEMBINAAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI RADIO REPUBLIK INDONESIA SURAKARTA
Authors: Rahmawati Laili Etika , Sufanti Main , Markhamah Markhamah , Ngalim Abdul 
Published: October 2019

The aims of service on social through the on air broadcast of RRI Surakarta were to: (1) improve the understanding of teachers of Bahasa Indonesia toward the Bahasa Indonesia learning program based on texts; (2) enrich the knowledge of the listeners, especially for the students in which the learning of bahasa Indonesia based on the curriculum 2013; (3) create the close work relation of institution between the Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta and the government instituion i.e. Radio of Indonesian Republic of Surakarta. The soacial service was conducted in RRI of Surakarta, in the form of lecturing in an on-air broadcast, based on the paper which had been prepared before. The on-air broadcast activities were conducted by the recording before broadcasted. The recording process used the facilities in RRI of Surakarta guided by workers of RRI of Surakarta, both the responsibility and the recording process. The activities were conducted by on-air broaadcast. Every time the on-air broadcast was conducted by the speaker in which the topics were varies but, they were still on one theme. The on-air broadcast theme on the next three month is “The Improvement of Understanding the Learning of Bahasa Indonesia based on Texts of the Curriculum 2013 through the guiding on-air broadcast of Bahasa Indonesia in RRI of Surakarta”. The six times on-air broadcast activities which planned for three months, could be conducted six times of the new on-air broadcast.
Perbandingan Metode Destruksi Pada Penetapan Kandungan Timbal (Pb) Dalam Tanaman Kangkung (Ipomoea reptans Poir).
Authors: Kohar Indrajati 
Published: October 2019

Lead contamination in the air and water is usually caused by industrial and domestic wastes as well as motor vehicles’ gas that contain lead. Heavy metal contamination such as lead (Pb) that does go into the environment can be retained by plants. Kangkung (Ipomoea sp) is a kind of favorable vegetables and used to grow near the rivers or ponds in the cities, and is watered with the water from the nearby river or pond. It is therefore necessary to analysed the Pb content in kangkung to know how bad is the Pb contamination goes in the plant. With this regards, it is also necessary to study the best method to analysed the Pb content in kangkung.
Six-week old land kangkung (Ipomoea reptans Poir), cultivated in hydrophonic media was used as the sample. Four methods were used: dry and wet destruction with standard addition (Pb solution 10 ppm). Method I: dry method with standard solution added before the process, and method II: standard solution was added after the process. Methods III and IV: wet method with standard solution added before and after the process respectively. Dry process was carried out at 500oC and the wet process was at 100 – 120oC. The Pb content was measured by means of Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometer (ICPS).
Percent recoveries of method I, II, III, and IV were 62.60%, 98.60%, 93,08%, and 98.54% respectively. The coefficient of variant (CV) were respectively 3.53%, 2.08%, 1.68%, and 0.78% for method I, II, III and IV.
So, it can be concluded that method IV was best to analyse the Pb content in kangkung when the concentration of Pb is very small.
Rekonsiliasi joko widodo dan prabowo subianto pasca pemilu 2019 dalam pemberitaan detik.com, cnnindonesia.com dan viva.co.id periode 13-27 juli 2019
Authors: Roosinda Fitria Widiyani , Alfraita Ariyan 
Published: October 2019

Indonesia just finished the very first simultaneous election in history of this country, without doubt the people attention of this election is concentrated to president and the vice president election. And after long, exhausting, and complicated election process, including appeal from Prabowo Subianto and Sandiaga Salahudin Uno side on Constitutional Court of Indonesia. Once again, Joko Widodo and Ma’ruf Amin has choosen as president and the vice of president for 2019-2024 period of Indonesia. Prabowo’s side has been reported still hard to admit his third defeat on president election and refuse to congratulate Jokowi for his second win on election. But finally the two sides of candidates that just fight election met on Lebak Bulus MRT station and media call this meeting as “reconciliation”. This study analyse the point of view of online media towards this event, and how media construct this event on 3 popular Indonesia online media, detik.com, cnnindonesia.com and vivanews.com using Pan Kosiciki framming analysis model. And the result those 3 online media construct this event in balanced manner eventhough they have their unique style to deliver the news. Keywords: Rekonsiliasi; Jokowi; Prabowo; Pemilu 2019; Media Online
Evaluación y análisis de cinéticas de agregación de los ácidos húmicos en presencia de Al3+ por espectroscopia UV-VIS
Authors: Villagrán-Manilla A. , Ibarra-Coria E. D. , Páez-Hernández M. E. , Nieto-Velázquez S. 
Published: October 2019

Los ácidos húmicos (AHs) son compuestos naturales que forman parte de la materia orgánica (MO) de suelo, agua y sedimentos, siendo los componentes principales y con gran complejidad estructural y variabilidad, debido a la gran cantidad de grupos funcionales característicos e importantes como son hidróxidos, carboxílicos y carbonilos (-OH, -COOH y -C=O). No obstante, como consecuencia de su polifuncionalidad presentan interesantes y útiles propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas, lo cual ha hecho atractivo su estudio desde hace más de 200 años, sin embargo, continúa el interés por conocer y describir más precisa y detalladamente las interacciones químicas (complejación, oxido-reducción, adsorción-desorción, etc.) que presenta con iones o compuestos, evaluando la movilidad en ambientes naturales.
Es por todo lo anteriormente expuesto, que en este trabajo de investigación se plantea el estudio de agregación de los AHs en presencia de aluminio (Al3+) mediante espectroscopia UV-VIS. Para ello se trabajó con tres AHs previamente caracterizados por diferentes métodos analíticos (Análisis Elemental (AE), espectroscopias: Ultravioleta-visible (UV-VIS) e Infrarrojo por Transformada de Fourier (IR-TF), porcentaje de cenizas, acidez total y cantidad de grupos: –COOH y –OH), obteniendo como resultado macromoléculas muy estables y poliácidas, como consecuencia presentan una gran capacidad de intercambio catiónico (CIC), lo cual favoreció las interacciones con Al3+. Llevando a cabo el proceso de coagulación y favoreciendo dicho proceso a pH de 5, debido a la desprotonación e interacción de los grupos carboxílicos principalmente, permitiendo así que tales complejos AH-Al se aproximen formando aglomerados y coagulando ≈ 98% de MO.
SPECIES DIVERSITY OF THE VIR COLLECTION OF GRAIN LEGUME GENETIC RESOURCES AND ITS USE IN DOMESTIC BREEDING
Authors: Vishnyakova M. A. , Aleksandrova T. G. , Buravtseva T. V. , Burlyaeva M. O. , Egorova G. P. , Semenova E. V. , Seferova I. V. , Suvorova G. N. 
Published: October 2019

The world’s genebanks hold 7.5 million germplasm accessions of plant genetic resources (PGR). One of the qualitative characteristics of the PGR collections is the species diversity, in particular, the presence of crop wild relatives (CWR), which makes it possible to widen the use of gene pools in the breeding process. The collection of the Vavilov Institute (VIR) is one of the most diverse holdings in the number of plant species. A survey is provided here of the species diversity in VIR’s grain legume collection, and its use in domestic breeding practice is analyzed. Comparison of this diversity with the state of PGR exploitation in the world makes it possible to assess the prospects of more efficient utilization of gene pool potential, especially for species that are unjustifiably cultivated on a too small scale or even neglected as crops in this country. The VIR collection of grain legumes incorporates 196 species from 9 genera of the family Fabaceae. This number includes cultigens and CWR. The cultivars of 21 species of grain legumes listed in the State Register of Breeding Achievements (2018) are adapted to the soil and climate conditions of this country. However, the species diversity of the collection could be used more efficiently in domestic plant breeding and crop production. This concerns both underutilized crops in Russia (broad beans, lima beans and grass pea) and those whose adaptive potential is adjusted only to certain and limited areas of the Russian Federation (Tepary beans and Vigna spp.). It is also necessary to exploit more efficiently species of the wild flora, both for direct utilization as pastures, green manure or phytoremediation crops and for introgressive breeding and domestication (Vicia benghalensis L., V. narbonensis L., Lathyrus sylvestris L., Lupinus hartwegii Lindl., etc.). Incorporation of crop wild relatives into the breeding process is promising for crop improvement in a number of aspects: for example, to increase resistance to diseases, pests, abiotic stressors, etc.