bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant status and risk of coronary artery disease
Authors: Talebi Shokoofeh , Paknahad Zamzam , Hashemi Mohammad , Hasanzadeh Akbar 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is developed by an insufficient supply of oxygen-rich blood to the myocardium. Recent studies have shown that increased oxidative stress has implicated in the pathogenesis of coronary atherosclerosis. Anxiety and CAD have a mutual relationship, as the effect of long-lasting anxiety on atherosclerosis and CAD is well known. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between dietary / serum total antioxidant capacity and CAD.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 160 male patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Diagnosis and analysis of angiograms were performed visually by a cardiologist. The subjects were categorized into CAD− (coronary artery obstruction <75 per cent) and CAD+ (coronary artery obstruction ≥ 75 per cent) groups. Anthropometric indices, blood pressure, blood sugar and lipid profile and physical activity (PA) were assessed. Information about anxiety was obtained by Spielberger questionnaire. Dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was obtained by using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and an oxygen radical absorbance capacity of selected foods.

Findings
Mean of dietary TAC was significantly lower in CAD+ than CAD− group (P < 0.001). However, there was not any significant differences about serum TAC (P = 0.28). The mean of body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.04) and triglyceride (TG) level (P = 0.03) and the frequency of smoking (P = 0.03) were significantly higher in the CAD+ than the CAD− group. There was no significant relationship between CAD with apparent (P = 0.33) and hidden anxiety level (P = 0.16). Confounding factors such as smoking and medications were adjusted.

Research limitations/implications
This study had certain limitations. Being a single center cross-sectional design does not permit analysis of causal relationships; the sample size was geographically limited. The authors could not exclude the medication of patients, which could affect the total antioxidant capacity levels. Measurement error in self-reported dietary consumption may results misclassification of exposure.

Practical implications
A diet high in total antioxidant capacity is inversely associated with CAD. Serum TAC does not vary between men with and without CAD when confounders including age, BMI, TG, smoking, SBP, DBP, energy intake, PA, HDL-C, LDL-C, T-C, FBS, family history of CAD, education and anxiety are taken into consideration.

Social implications
High consumption of vegetables and fruits may play a major role in the prevention of CAD.

Originality/value
The study was approved by the ethics committee of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (No:394888).
New challenges in brand management
Authors: Veloutsou Cleopatra , Delgado-Ballester Elena 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to help in the development of a better understanding of key brand-related terms and discuss the key challenges and trends in brand management.

Design/methodology/approach
This is an editorial based mainly on an extensive and broad literature review on brand management.

Findings
First, this work defines some key brand management terms and presents brand-related issues and concerns that remain unchanged over time. Then it discusses some of the brand management-related matters that are changing since the past few years. Challenges for the management of brands from the side of the companies that have introduced them are then presented. It finally provides a glimpse of the five papers selected for this special issue and then identifies avenues for further research.

Originality/value
This work and the whole special issue together help in the understanding of the dynamic nature of the management of brands over time with implications to the management and the academic engagement with brands.
Does charity affect economic bargaining? Exploring gender × social distance interactions
Authors: Testa Mario , D’Amato Antonio 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
In recent years, it is increasingly common to find situations in which economic or financial decisions are combined with philanthropic or charity issues (for example, “pay what you can”, cause-related marketing initiatives and micro-insurance). How do people behave in these situations? This study aims to analyze whether charity impacts agents’ economic behavior and which factors (gender and social distance) influence these decisions.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a modified one-period ultimatum game that includes a charitable giving variable, the authors investigate agents’ behavior in economic decisions when philanthropic issues are considered, and they compare this behavior to purely economic negotiation without explicit philanthropic relevance. Using a sample of 352 undergraduate business students, the authors explore the interaction effect between gender and social distance on giving behavior.

Findings
The results of this study show that women offer more than men when philanthropic motivation is involved. However, the solicitation of a charitable sentiment is not an element that substantially shifts the offers beyond the value considered to be economically fair. Finally, women and men are both susceptible to self-image concerns.

Research limitations/implications
The results enable a more nuanced interpretation of gender differences in economic decisions when philanthropic or charity issues are involved. From a practical perspective, the findings could offer insights relevant to for-profit and non-profit organizations when they plan to provide products, services or investments with positive moral connotations or when they plan fundraising strategies.

Originality/value
Unlike existing laboratory studies, this study focuses on the effects that charity has on economic/financial decisions by exploring the interaction effect between the decision-maker’s gender and social distance on the outcome of the negotiation.
Sample selection in the face of design constraints: Use of clustering to define sample strata for qualitative research
Authors: Burgette Lane F. , Escarce José J. , Paddock Susan M. , Ridgely Marjorie S. , Wilder Warren G. , Yanagihara Dolores , Damberg Cheryl L. 
Published: December 2018

ObjectiveTo sample 40 physician organizations stratified on the basis of longitudinal cost of care measures for qualitative interviews in order to describe the range of care delivery structures and processes that are being deployed to influence the total costs of caring for patients.Data SourcesThree years of physician organization‐level total cost of care data (n = 156 in California) from the Integrated Healthcare Association's value‐based pay‐for‐performance program.Study DesignWe fit total cost of care data using mixture and K‐means clustering algorithms to segment the population of physician organizations into sampling strata based on 3‐year cost trajectories (ie, cost curves).Principal FindingsA mixture of multivariate normal distributions can classify physician organization cost curves into clusters defined by total cost level, shape, and within‐cluster variation. K‐means clustering does not accommodate differing levels of within‐cluster variation and resulted in more clusters being allocated to unstable cost curves. A mixture of regressions approach focuses overly on anomalous trajectories and is sensitive to model coding.ConclusionsStatistical clustering can be used to form sampling strata when longitudinal measures are of primary interest. Many clustering algorithms are available; the choice of the clustering algorithm can strongly impact the resulting strata because various algorithms focus on different aspects of the observed data.
Carbon‐Based Fingerprint Powder as a One‐Step Development and Matrix Application for High‐Resolution Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Latent Fingerprints
Authors: Hinners Paige , Lee Young Jin 
Published: December 2018

AbstractCarbon‐based materials are often used as matrices for matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI‐MS) and its imaging (MALDI‐MSI). However, researchers have refrained from using carbon‐based fingerprint powder (CFP) as a matrix due to high background and contamination. In this work, the compatibility of CFP is reevaluated with MALDI‐MSI using a high‐resolution mass spectrometer (HRMS) and compared to traditional organic matrices. Relevant fingerprint compounds were easily distinguished from carbon cluster peaks when using HRMS. For fair comparison, half of a fingerprint was dusted with CFP while the other half was dusted with traditional organic matrices. All compounds studied had comparable, or higher, signal‐to‐noise (S/N) ratios when CFP was used as the matrix. Additionally, chemical image qualities closely followed the trend of S/N ratios. CFP proved to be an effective one‐step development and matrix application technique for MALDI‐MSI of latent fingerprints, when carbon cluster peaks are well separated by a HRMS.
The fatty acid composition of edible grasshopper Ruspolia differens (Serville) (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) feeding on diversifying diets of host plants
Authors: Rutaro Karlmax , Malinga Geoffrey M. , Lehtovaara Vilma J. , Opoke Robert , Valtonen Anu , Kwetegyeka Justus , Nyeko Philip , Roininen Heikki 
Published: December 2018

AbstractRuspolia differens (Serville) (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) is a highly valued edible grasshopper species in Africa. However, the effects of plant diets on lipid content and fatty acid composition of R. differens are not well understood. We tested the effects of four diets on the total lipid content and fatty acid composition of R. differens. Sixth instar nymphs of R. differens were reared on one, and mixtures of two, three, and six natural plant inflorescences. Individuals collected from the field constituted a control treatment. We extracted lipids and analyzed the fatty acid methyl esters using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. We analyzed if the total lipid content, body weight, and fatty acid composition differed among diets and between the sexes using two‐way ANOVAs and a PERMANOVA model, respectively. The total lipid content and weight of R. differens did not differ among the diets. The nine common fatty acids were palmitic (mean across treatments, 26%), oleic (22%), palmitoleic (18%), linoleic (13%), stearic (7%), myristic (6%), myristoleic (4%), α‐linolenic (2%) and arachidic acid (1%). The composition of fatty acids and the proportion of essential fatty acids significantly differed among the diets. The proportion of essential fatty acids was highest in the control treatment (21%) but low in less diversified (one to three feed) diets (12–13%). This study demonstrates that the fatty acid composition in R. differens can be influenced through diet. Thus, with dietary manipulations, using local plants in Africa, it is possible to produce R. differens with preferred high quality essential fatty acids for human consumption.
Metformin inhibits mitochondrial adaptations to aerobic exercise training in older adults
Authors: Konopka Adam R. , Laurin Jaime L. , Schoenberg Hayden M. , Reid Justin J. , Castor William M. , Wolff Christopher A. , Musci Robert V. , Safairad Oscar D. , Linden Melissa A. , Biela Laurie M. , Bailey Susan M. , Hamilton Karyn L. , Miller Benjamin F. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMetformin and exercise independently improve insulin sensitivity and decrease the risk of diabetes. Metformin was also recently proposed as a potential therapy to slow aging. However, recent evidence indicates that adding metformin to exercise antagonizes the exercise‐induced improvement in insulin sensitivity and cardiorespiratory fitness. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that metformin diminishes the improvement in insulin sensitivity and cardiorespiratory fitness after aerobic exercise training (AET) by inhibiting skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration and protein synthesis in older adults (62 ± 1 years). In a double‐blinded fashion, participants were randomized to placebo (n = 26) or metformin (n = 27) treatment during 12 weeks of AET. Independent of treatment, AET decreased fat mass, HbA1c, fasting plasma insulin, 24‐hr ambulant mean glucose, and glycemic variability. However, metformin attenuated the increase in whole‐body insulin sensitivity and VO2max after AET. In the metformin group, there was no overall change in whole‐body insulin sensitivity after AET due to positive and negative responders. Metformin also abrogated the exercise‐mediated increase in skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration. The change in whole‐body insulin sensitivity was correlated to the change in mitochondrial respiration. Mitochondrial protein synthesis rates assessed during AET were not different between treatments. The influence of metformin on AET‐induced improvements in physiological function was highly variable and associated with the effect of metformin on the mitochondria. These data suggest that prior to prescribing metformin to slow aging, additional studies are needed to understand the mechanisms that elicit positive and negative responses to metformin with and without exercise.
Programmed death ligand‐1 is associated with tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and poorer survival in urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder
Authors: Wang Bo , Pan Wenwei , Yang Meihua , Yang Wenjuan , He Wang , Chen Xu , Bi Junming , Jiang Ning , Huang Jian , Lin Tianxin 
Published: December 2018

Drugs blocking programmed death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) have shown unprecedented activity in metastatic and unresectable bladder cancer. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the expression, clinical significance and association of PD‐L1 with tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in resectable urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder (UCB). In this retrospective study, 248 UCB patients who received radical cystectomy or transurethral resection were examined. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate PD‐L1 expression and stromal CD8+ TIL, Th1 orientation T cell (T‐bet+) and PD‐1+ TIL densities within the intratumoral regions and associated stromal regions. Of the 248 specimens, 23% showed PD‐L1 expression in tumor cells and 55% in tumor‐infiltrating immune cells. CD8+ TIL, T‐bet+ TIL and PD‐1+ TIL were distributed throughout the tumor tissues and were more frequently distributed in stromal regions than in intratumoral regions. PD‐L1+ tumor cells and PD‐L1+ immune cells were positively associated with aggressive clinical features (all P < .05). Both PD‐L1+ tumor cells and PD‐L1+ immune cells were associated with poorer recurrence‐free and overall survival (all P < .05). Multivariate analysis showed that PD‐L1+ immune cells were an independent prognostic factor for overall (P = .001) and recurrence‐free survival (P = .024). Notably, high stromal CD8+ TIL and PD‐1+ TIL density were associated with poorer overall survival (P = .031 and P = .001, respectively). In the stroma, CD8+ TIL density has strong positive association with PD‐L1+ immune cells and PD‐1+ TIL density (all P < .0001). These results suggested that an exhausted immune state occurred in the tumor stroma in UCB. Further clinical development of immune‐checkpoint inhibitors may be effective for resectable patients with UCB.
Opportunities for better use of collective action theory in research and governance for invasive species management
Authors: Graham Sonia , Metcalf Alexander L. , Gill Nicholas , Niemiec Rebecca , Moreno Carlo , Bach Thomas , Ikutegbe Victoria , Hallstrom Lars , Ma Zhao , Lubeck Alice 
Published: December 2018

AbstractControlling invasive species presents a public‐good dilemma. Although environmental, social, and economic benefits of control accrue to society, costs are borne by only a few individuals and organizations. For decades, policy makers have used incentives and sanctions to encourage or coerce individual actors to contribute to the public good, with limited success. Diverse, subnational efforts to collectively manage invasive plants, insects, and animals provide effective alternatives to traditional command‐and‐control approaches. Despite this work, there has been little systematic evaluation of collective efforts to determine whether there are consistent principles underpinning success. We reviewed 32 studies to identify the extent to which collective‐action theories from related agricultural and environmental fields explain collaborative invasive species management approaches; describe and differentiate emergent invasive species collective‐action efforts; and provide guidance on how to enable more collaborative approaches to invasive species management. We identified 4 types of collective action aimed at invasive species—externally led, community led, comanaged, and organizational coalitions—that provide blueprints for future invasive species management. Existing collective‐action theories could explain the importance attributed to developing shared knowledge of the social‐ecological system and the need for social capital. Yet, collection action on invasive species requires different types of monitoring, sanctions, and boundary definitions. We argue that future government policies can benefit from establishing flexible boundaries that encourage social learning and enable colocated individuals and organizations to identify common goals, pool resources, and coordinate efforts.
Influence of the public's perception, attitudes, and knowledge on the implementation of integrated pest management for household insect pests
Authors: Schoelitsz Bruce , Meerburg Bastiaan G. , Takken Willem 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHouseholds are mini‐ecosystems that provide a variety of conditions in which a variety of insect species can develop. Whether these insects are considered pests, largely depends on the perception, attitudes, and knowledge of the human inhabitants of the house. If considered unacceptable, residents can attempt to manage the insects themselves, or hire a professional. A pest management professional can provide a quick‐fix solution, often relying on the sole use of insecticides, or a sustainable solution through integrated pest management (IPM). In this review, it is discussed how the public's perception, attitudes, and knowledge affect the implementation of IPM in the household through the following steps: inspection, identification, establishment of a threshold level, pest control, and evaluation of effectiveness. Furthermore, recent and novel developments within the fields of inspection, identification, and pest control that allow to address pest infestations more effectively are described and their implementation in the household environment is discussed. In general, pest management in the household environment is reactive instead of pro‐active. The general public lacks the knowledge of the pest insects’ biology to identify the species, perform a proper inspection and identify causes of pest presence, as well as the knowledge of the available tools for monitoring and pest control. The percentage of individuals that seek professional aid in identification and pest control is relatively low. Moreover, the perception of and attitudes towards household insects generally result in low threshold levels. Current developments of methods for monitoring, identification, and control of insect pests in the household environment are promising, such as DNA barcoding, matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight and RNA interference. Efforts should be strengthened to alter the perception and attitude, and increase the knowledge of the non‐professional stakeholders, so that correct pest management decisions can be taken.
Characteristics of sugarcane white leaf phytoplasma transmission by the leafhopper Matsumuratettix hiroglyphicus
Authors: Roddee Jariya , Kobori Youichi , Hanboonsong Yupa 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe leafhopper Matsumuratettix hiroglyphicus (Matsumura) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is the most important vector of sugarcane white leaf (SCWL) phytoplasma that significantly affects the sugarcane crop in Asia. Here, we aimed to study the characteristics of SCWL phytoplasma transmission by M. hiroglyphicus. To this end, the stylet penetration activities performed during the acquisition access period (AAP) and inoculation access period (IAP) were investigated by the direct current electrical penetration graph technique and confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Additionally, the latent period (LP) of SCWL phytoplasma in the vector was determined by qPCR and localised by fluorescent in situ hybridisation. The results indicated that the acquisition of SCWL phytoplasma occurred during phloem ingestion (waveform D), whereas its inoculation was associated with salivation into the phloem sieve element (waveform C). The minimum AAP was 15 min and the minimum duration of phloem ingestion was 2.35 min. The minimum LP of SCWL phytoplasma in the vector was at least 14 days; then, SCWL phytoplasma moved to the salivary glands of the insect, enabling the transmission of the pathogen to the host plants. The minimum IAP for a successful transmission of SCWL phytoplasma to the host plants was 11–12 min, with a minimum duration of salivation into phloem of 1.35 min. The female vectors had higher SCWL phytoplasma copy numbers than the male vectors, and displayed faster AAP, IAP, and LP. Overall, our findings provide important information related to the feeding behaviour of M. hiroglyphicus and its effect on the transmission of SCWL phytoplasma.
Peer‐driven family support services in the context of first‐episode psychosis: Participant perceptions from a Canadian early intervention programme
Authors: Levasseur Mary A. , Ferrari Manuela , McIlwaine Sarah , Iyer Srividya N. 
Published: December 2018

AimThis paper aims to advance our understanding of the experience of participating in peer support groups for family members of persons with psychosis and to expand the scant body of literature on peer support in the context of early intervention services for psychosis. Such an examination is relevant because the implementation and uptake of family‐focused interventions remain inconsistent in early intervention services, despite their proven benefits.MethodsTo enable family caregivers to support one another, a family peer support project was initiated at an early intervention service for psychosis in Montreal, Canada. A family peer support provider and researchers collaboratively designed and conducted this study to examine the experience of those who participated in family peer support groups. Forty‐four family members completed an English or French online questionnaire. Thematic analysis was used to code responses to open‐ended questions to unpack crucial elements of this peer support intervention.ResultsThree key themes were identified—the impact of psychosis on families; understanding and coping with psychosis through family peer support; and improving family peer support services. Mutual support through sharing experiences; gains in knowledge of the illness and its treatment; emotional support; and increased caregiving and self‐care capacities and skills were identified as critical benefits of family peer support.ConclusionFamily peer support can be an acceptable and cherished means of engaging and sustaining families and enhancing their caregiving skills. Its integration into early intervention services holds the promise of helping promote recovery and reducing caregiver burden.