bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of an efficient, economic and eco-friendly inhibitor based onSesbania grandifloraleaf extract for the mild steel corrosion in aggressive HCl environment
Authors: Krishnan Athira , Shibli S.M.A. 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to evaluate the inhibitive action of different concentrations ofSesbania grandifloraleaf extract on the mild steel corrosion in an aggressive HCl medium under different experimental conditions.Design/methodology/approachWeight loss investigation, open-circuit voltage analysis, Tafel polarisation, AC impedance analysis, etc. were used for the evaluation of inhibition efficiency. The influence of immersion period on inhibition efficiency was evaluated. The mechanism of action of the inhibitor is also discussed. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis were used to characterise the passive film.FindingsThe results suggested that 10,000 ppm solution has maximum inhibition efficiency of 98.01 per cent at room temperature, while 1,000 ppm solution also exhibited a better efficiency of about 96.16 per cent. Efficiency of inhibitor solution was found to increase with an increase in its concentration. Polarisation study proposed the solution as an anodic inhibitor. Impedance study confirmed the formation of a protective layer over the surface of the specimen, and the constituents of the film were identified using IR spectroscopy. Stability of the film adsorbed on the steel was cleared from the steady open-circuit potential value. Study on action of the inhibitor under accelerated conditions revealed the fact that the efficiency of extract in preventing corrosion is good under stimulated conditions also.Practical implicationsThe action of inhibitor sustains for a sufficient time period and could sustain under stimulated conditions. Hence, its application is practically possible in industries. The proposed inhibitor is widely available and is environmentally safe.Originality/valueHCl is an industrially important chemical used for acid cleaning, acid pickling, etc. HCl was used as an aggressive corrosion environment. As the chances for mild steel to be in contact with HCl were very high, it was important to develop an efficient, economical and eco-friendly inhibitor for corrosion.
The Adult Attachment Projective Picture System: a pilot study of inter-rater reliability and face validity with adults with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Gallichan Deanna , George Carol 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to assess whether the Adult Attachment Projective (AAP) Picture System is a reliable and face valid measure of internal working models of attachment in adults with intellectual disabilities (ID).

Design/methodology/approach
The AAPs of 20 adults with ID were coded blind by two reliable judges and classified into one of four groups: secure, dismissing, preoccupied, or unresolved. Inter-rater reliability was calculated using κ. Six participants repeated the assessment for test-retest reliability. Two independent experts rated ten cases on the links between the AAP analysis and the clinical history.

Findings
There was significant agreement between AAP judges, κ=0.677, p<0.001. Five out of six participants showed stability in their classifications over time. The majority of expert ratings were “good” or “excellent”. There was a significant inter-class correlation between raters suggesting good agreement between them r=0.51 (p<0.05). The raters’ feedback suggested that the AAP had good clinical utility.

Research limitations/implications
The inter-rater reliability, stability, face validity, and clinical utility of the AAP in this population is promising. Further examination of these findings with a larger sample of individuals with ID is needed.

Originality/value
This is the first study attempting to investigate the reliability and validity of the AAP in this population.
Organizational learning through disasters: a multi-utility company’s experience
Authors: Zhou Shanshan , Battaglia Massimo , Frey Marco 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
Analyzing how and what the local multi-utility AIMAG learned through the 2012 Northern Italy earthquakes, the purpose of this paper is to “normalize” the organizational learning (OL) triggered by disasters.

Design/methodology/approach
Seven managers who experienced the earthquakes were interviewed. The collected data are supplemented by archival materials. The analysis was conducted based on the 4I model (Crossan et al., 1999), using the qualitative data analysis tool “NVivo.”

Findings
The earthquakes audited AIMAG’s knowledge repositories, revealing its weakness and strength. When the earthquakes struck, individuals intuited the situations based on their previous experience, interpreting the need to respond to the interruptions and begin recovery immediately. The collective interpretation formed the basis for joint actions, which integrated the group learning at the organizational level. The effective cognition and behavior were instituted to the organization, and the new knowledge was absorbed into the organization’s knowledge repositories awaiting the next audit.

Originality/value
The concept of “learning through disasters” is advocated. By perceiving disasters as a series of interruptions that may have happened before and may re-occur, the learning is connected to organizations’ past and future through knowledge repositories. In addition, by analyzing data based on the multi-level OL model, the learning triggered by disasters was observed to occur throughout the organization at individual, group and organizational levels, in which routines played a critical linking role.
The hierarchy of public project governance frameworks
Authors: Volden Gro Holst , Andersen Bjorn 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study public project governance frameworks in various ministries and agencies in Norway, following the introduction of such a framework on the topmost level (i.e. the cabinet) which applies to the very largest projects.

Design/methodology/approach
The study is methodologically designed as a qualitative assessment of project governance frameworks that apply to state-funded investment projects in selected sectors, based on data gathered through document reviews and interviews.

Findings
The study finds that all of the agencies have introduced their own project governance frameworks, which are basically consistent with the recommendations from the project management literature and with the cabinet’s overall requirements in Norway. By contrast, only one ministry has taken a formalized role as a project owner. Governance tasks thus seem to be extensively delegated to the subordinate agencies. This even includes strategic tasks such as project selection and portfolio management, and implies there is a risk that public project governance has a narrow and internal focus.

Originality/value
The paper is a first step toward a better understanding of public project governance as a hierarchical system and the relationship between project owners on three levels, the cabinet, the sectoral ministry, and the government agency.
Breaking the code: barriers affecting inclusive thinking-HETL Scotland 2017
Authors: Algozzini Linda Carol , Gabay Valencia Lavon , Voyles Shannon D. , Bessolo Kimberly , Batchelor Grady 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
This case study reviews a group coaching and mentoring (GCM) change model and its significance in dissolving barriers and promoting equity in virtual learning environments. The purpose of this paper is to examine the model’s approach to shifting instructor mindsets to align with institutional core values and initiatives that best serve a twenty-first century adult learner.

Design/methodology/approach
The change model, grounded in GCM, metacognition, self-regulated learning, and community of practice theory, incorporates participatory action research design focusing on cycles of action, reflection, and evaluation.

Findings
This study illustrates the change model’s success in moving educators toward deeper understanding of self and individual student differences. It further showcases how professionals adapt and improve practices using self-regulated learning and metacognition to better serve the population they teach.

Practical implications
The GCM framework improved engagement. The design, while implemented in a higher education arena, is applicable to other entities seeking to bridge gaps using metacognition and self-regulated learning to become adaptable and inclusive.

Originality/value
The change model, recipient of one of this year’s Effective Practice Awards from the Online Learning Consortium (2017), is recognized for innovation and replicability in and beyond higher education.
Conducting qualitative video research with young children
Authors: Shoecraft Kelly , Flückiger Bev 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the practical use of video cameras during a study with young children.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper investigates the use of video cameras in a research study of young children’s utilisation of semiotic tools to communicate during play interactions in a Francophone preschool classroom in British Columbia. It examines the practical in-the-moment decision making of the researcher to support children’s accommodation of the video camera in their play space and ensure rich data were recorded.

Findings
Children accommodated the video cameras in four distinct ways. These included: curiosity and investigation of the video cameras; engagement in the video recording process with the researcher; incorporation of the video cameras into their play; and disregard of it.

Practical implications
The findings suggest that video recordings can be an effective method of data collection with young children and provide rich sources of data of the children and their learning through play when the researcher is flexible and responsive and supports children’s accommodation of it.

Originality/value
Recent advances in recording technology have resulted in the increased use of video recordings as a resource for gathering empirical data in qualitative research. Whilst the ethical considerations related to the use of video recordings as data for analysis in research with young children have been the subject of some discussion (Flewitt, 2005), the practical experience of using video cameras has received less attention.
HLA‐DRB1*04:05 in two cases of Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease‐like uveitis developing from an advanced melanoma patient treated by sequential administration of nivolumab and dabrafenib/trametinib therapy
Authors: Fujimura Taku , Kambayashi Yumi , Tanita Kayo , Sato Yota , Hidaka Takanori , Otsuka Astushi , Tanaka Hidenori , Furudate Sadanori , Hashimoto Akira , Aiba Setsuya 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAlthough uveitis is reported as a rare adverse event (AE) associated with dabrafenib/trametinib therapy or nivolumab, the occurrence of severe uveitis is extremely rare. We describe two cases of Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada (VKH)‐like uveitis developing after the sequential administration of nivolumab and dabrafenib/trametinib therapy. Interestingly, both cases had HLA‐DRB1*04:05, which is strongly associated with VKH disease, and achieved biologically complete remission after the treatment for uveitis. Our cases suggest a possible correlation between VKH‐like uveitis as an AE and the clinical outcomes of sequential administration of nivolumab and dabrafenib/trametinib therapy for the treatment of advanced melanoma.
Anti‐herbivore defences and insect herbivory: Interactive effects of drought and tree neighbours
Authors: Castagneyrol Bastien , Jactel Hervé , Moreira Xoaquín 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

How much a plant is attacked by insect herbivores likely depends on its apparency and ability to produce defensive traits, which may be modified by neighbouring plants and abiotic conditions. Yet, how much the direct and trait‐mediated effects of neighbours on herbivory is modified by abiotic factors is still unknown.

By using a tree diversity experiment in SW France, we measured leaf insect herbivory (chewers and miners), nutritional quality (water content, C/N ratio, sugar and starch content) and chemical defences (total polyphenolics and condensed tannins) on birch (Betula pendula) trees growing in monocultures and mixtures with oak, pine or both species. We alleviated water stress by irrigating trees in half of the plots while trees remained unwatered (i.e. drought‐stressed) in the other half.

Overall, insect herbivory was higher among heterospecific neighbours, which corresponds to associational susceptibility. Consistent with this finding, leaves had lower amount of anti‐herbivore defences among heterospecific neighbours. In turn, insects caused more damage in drought‐stressed conditions, but such effect was independent of leaf chemistry. We also found that the effect of tree species diversity on herbivory was contingent of drought conditions as associational susceptibility only occurred in drought‐stressed trees. The independent and interactive effects of neighbour diversity and irrigation on leaf herbivory remained significant after accounting for birch apparency and leaf chemistry, suggesting that unmeasured plant traits or some other mechanisms not associated with plant trait variation and apparency might be involved in the observed herbivory patterns.

Synthesis. By demonstrating that associational effects are contingent upon abiotic constraints, we bring new insights into our understanding of the mechanisms driving diversity—resistance relationships across climatic gradients.
Insights into microbial involvement in desert varnish formation retrieved from metagenomic analysis
Authors: Lang‐Yona Naama , Maier Stefanie , Macholdt Dorothea S. , Müller‐Germann Isabell , Yordanova Petya , Rodriguez‐Caballero Emilio , Jochum Klaus P. , Al‐Amri Abdullah , Andreae Meinrat O. , Fröhlich‐Nowoisky Janine , Weber Bettina 
Published: February 2018

SummaryDesert varnishes are dark rock coatings observed in arid environments and might resemble Mn‐rich coatings found on Martian rocks. Their formation mechanism is not fully understood and the possible microbial involvement is under debate. In this study, we applied DNA metagenomic Shotgun sequencing of varnish and surrounding soil to evaluate the composition of the microbial community and its potential metabolic function. We found that the α diversity was lower in varnish compared to soil samples (p value < 0.05), suggesting distinct populations with significantly higher abundance of Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria within the varnish. Additionally, we observed increased levels of transition metal metabolic processes in varnish compared to soil samples. Nevertheless, potentially relevant enzymes for varnish formation were detected at low to insignificant levels in both niches, indicating no current direct microbial involvement in Mn oxidation. This finding is supported by quantitative genomic analysis, elemental analysis, fluorescence imaging and scanning transmission X‐ray microscopy. We thus conclude that the distinct microbial communities detected in desert varnish originate from settled Aeolian microbes, which colonized this nutrient‐enriched niche, and discuss possible indirect contributions of microorganisms to the formation of desert varnish.
Risk for Complicated Immigration Transition: New Diagnosis for NANDA‐International
Authors: Rifà‐Ros Rosa , Espinosa Fresnedo Carme , Alcázar París Mireia , Raigal Aran Laia , Ferré Grau Carme 
Published: February 2018

OBJECTIVEThe objective of this article is to describe the developmental processes for the creation of the new diagnosis risk for complicated immigration transition for the NANDA‐I.METHODSThe study followed the recommended steps of developmental processes for NANDA‐I. The identification of risk factors,which cause those who have migrated to feel vulnerable, is the result of two different research studies aimed at identifying nursing diagnosis related to the immigration process.RESULTSA proposal of label, definition and risk factors of risk for complicated immigration transition.CONCLUSIONSThis new nursing diagnosis will reinforce the strategies for nursing interventions directed to empower immigrant people to acquire and/or develop the resources needed to cope with the immigration process.
Reduction of intraocular pressure after bariatric surgery
Authors: Burgansky‐Eliash Zvia , Achiron Asaf , Hecht Idan , Shimonov Mordechai 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the effects of bariatric surgery on intraocular pressure (IOP).MethodsWe prospectively enroled consecutive obese patients who underwent a laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy procedure. We measured IOP prior to and 3–6 months following surgery and recorded medical and demographical parameters.ResultsThirty‐two patients completed all evaluations. Mean age was 40.5 ± 12 and 24 (75%) were men. Following surgery, mean body‐mass index (BMI) decreased from 42 ± 6 to 31 ± 8 (p < 0.001). The mean IOP decreased from 16.9 ± 4 mmHg to 14.1 ± 3 mmHg (p < 0.001). The extent of IOP reduction was correlated with the baseline IOP (Pearson r = 0.737, p < 0.001) and central corneal thickness (Pearson r = 0.453, p = 0.010).ConclusionIn a cohort of obese individuals undergoing sleeve gastrectomy, there was a significant decrease in IOP measured 3–6 months after the procedure. Our results suggest that significant weight loss could have beneficial effects on IOP in obese individuals with ocular hypertension which might enable avoidance of antiglaucoma medications. The high likelihood of a reduction in IOP should be taken into account when considering bariatric surgery in such patients.
Plasma kallikrein activates the epithelial sodium channel in vitro but is not essential for volume retention in nephrotic mice
Authors: Haerteis S. , Schork A. , Dörffel T. , Bohnert B. N. , Nacken R. , Wörn M. , Xiao M. , Essigke D. , Janessa A. , Schmaier A. H. , Feener E. P. , Häring H.‐U. , Bertog M. , Korbmacher C. , Artunc F. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimRecent work has demonstrated that activation of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) by aberrantly filtered serine proteases causes sodium retention in nephrotic syndrome. The aim of this study was to elucidate a potential role of plasma kallikrein (PKLK) as a candidate serine protease in this context.MethodsWe analysed PKLK in the urine of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD, n = 171) and investigated its ability to activate human ENaC expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Moreover, we studied sodium retention in PKLK‐deficient mice (klkb1−/−) with experimental nephrotic syndrome induced by doxorubicin injection.ResultsIn patients with CKD, we found that PKLK is excreted in the urine up to a concentration of 2 μg mL−1 which was correlated with albuminuria (r = .71) and overhydration as assessed by bioimpedance spectroscopy (r = .44). PKLK increased ENaC‐mediated whole‐cell currents, which was associated with the appearance of a 67 kDa γ‐ENaC cleavage product at the cell surface consistent with proteolytic activation. Mutating a putative prostasin cleavage site in γ‐ENaC prevented channel stimulation by PKLK. In a mouse model for nephrotic syndrome, active PKLK was present in nephrotic urine of klkb1+/+ but not of klkb1−/− mice. However, klkb1−/− mice were not protected from ENaC activation and sodium retention compared to nephrotic klkb1+/+ mice.ConclusionPlasma kallikrein is detected in the urine of proteinuric patients and mice and activates ENaC in vitro involving the putative prostasin cleavage site. However, PKLK is not essential for volume retention in nephrotic mice.
Quantification of the duodenal eosinophil content in adults: a necessary step for an evidence‐based diagnosis of duodenal eosinophilia
Authors: Genta R. M. , Sonnenberg A. , Turner K. 
Published: February 2018

SummaryBackgroundThe normal content of eosinophils in the adult duodenum remains undefined. Therefore, there is no foundation for evidence‐based criteria to diagnose eosinophilic duodenitis.AimThis study aimed at: (1) establishing the range of the eosinophil density in the mucosa of the duodenum of normal adults, and (2) determining the biopsy‐based prevalence of isolated eosinophilic duodenitis in a large population of adults.MethodsWe counted intact eosinophils in three separate high‐power fields (hpf area = 0.237 mm2 each) with the highest densities of eosinophils from the duodenal biopsy specimens of 370 consecutive adults (60% women) with no history of small intestinal disease and a normal duodenal histology. From a large database we also extracted patients with a diagnosis of elevated duodenal eosinophilia and reviewed their biopsies and clinical history.ResultsThe mean eosinophil count for the 370 patients was 8.2 eos/hpf with a standard deviation of ± 6.3. Twenty‐seven of the 370 had eosinophil counts outside the 95% range, which was calculated as: mean + 1.96 × SD = 20.4 eos/hpf. In a database of 458 668 adult subjects, 31 patients (6.8/100 000) had elevated duodenal eosinophilia; 21 of these had other gastrointestinal organs involved by eosinophilia, suggesting eosinophilic gastroenteritis. No significant association between duodenal eosinophilia and any specific symptom was observed.ConclusionsThis study suggests that in this diverse US population, a cut‐off count of 20 eos/hpf would be useful to separate patients with normal from those with elevated duodenal eosinophilic infiltrations. The clinical implications of duodenal eosinophilia, particularly when it is not an expression of eosinophilic gastroenteritis, remain to be established.
PGE2‐EP3 signaling exacerbates hippocampus‐dependent cognitive impairment after laparotomy by reducing expression levels of hippocampal synaptic plasticity‐related proteins in aged mice
Authors: Xiao Jing‐Yu , Xiong Bing‐Rui , Zhang Wen , Zhou Wen‐Chang , Yang Hui , Gao Feng , Xiang Hong‐Bing , Manyande Anne , Tian Xue‐Bi , Tian Yu‐Ke 
Published: February 2018

SummaryAimMultifactors contribute to the development of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), of which the most important mechanism is neuroinflammation. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a key neuroinflammatory molecule and could modulate hippocampal synaptic transmission and plasticity. This study was designed to investigate whether PGE2 and its receptors signaling pathway were involved in the pathophysiology of POCD.MethodsSixteen‐month old male C57BL/6J mice were exposed to laparotomy. Cognitive function was evaluated by fear conditioning test. The levels of PGE2 and its 4 distinct receptors (EP1‐4) were assessed by biochemical analysis. Pharmacological or genetic methods were further applied to investigate the role of the specific PGE2 receptors.ResultsHere, we found that the transcription and translation level of the EP3 receptor in hippocampus increased remarkably, but not EP1, EP2, or EP4. Immunofluorescence results showed EP3 positive cells in the hippocampal CA1 region were mainly neurons. Furthermore, pharmacological blocking or genetic suppression of EP3 could alleviate surgery‐induced hippocampus‐dependent memory deficits and rescued the expression of plasticity‐related proteins, including cAMP response element‐binding protein (CREB), activity‐regulated cytoskeletal‐associated protein (Arc), and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus.ConclusionThis study showed that PGE2‐EP3 signaling pathway was involved in the progression of POCD and identified EP3 receptor as a promising treatment target.