bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR TELEKOMUNIKASI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI ASEAN
Authors: Prasetyo Galih adi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract This study aims to determine the effect of the development of telecommunications infrastructure to economic growth in ASEAN. Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) is used to test how telecommunication infrastructure development to economic growth in ASEAN. This study uses a dynamic panel data from 10 ASEAN countries in the period 2000-2013. Variables used in this research is the GDP growth, the development of telecommunication infrastructure index, foreign direct investment, trade openness, and urbanization rate. Tests were performed using STATA 13.0 software shows the use sys-GMM better than diff-GMM. The results of this study indicate the development of telecommunications infrastructure significantly affect economic growth but had negative relationships. Based on the theory of demand following hypothesis (DFH) economic growth leads to the development of telecommunications infrastructure. The impact of telecommunications infrastructure development is only emerge through the product or outcome of economic growth. Telecommunications infrastructure development is considered as the impact of economic growth continues to increase.
BIMBINGAN BERKELANJUTAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI SUPERVISI AKADEMIK
Authors: Maisyarah Maisyarah 
Published: July 2019

Abstrak. This study aims to improve the competence of the madrasah head in carrying out academic supervision through continuous guidance. The study was designed using school action research with 2 cycles. The research subject was the Head of Madrasa Patronage in Banjarmasin City. Techniques for collecting data through documentation, interviews and observation. The research data were analyzed using descriptive and quantitative descriptive statistics. The results of the study indicate that continuous guidance can improve the competency of the headmaster in carrying out academic supervision from sufficient qualifications in Cycle I to be well qualified in Cycle II. Kata Kunci: Bimbingan Berkelanjutan, Kompetensi, Supervisi Akademik. Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi kepala madrasah dalam melaksanakan supervisi akademik melalui bimbingan berkelanjutan. Penelitian dirancang menggunakan penelitian tindakan sekolah dengan 2 siklus. Subjek penelitian adalah Kepala Madrasah Binaan di Kota Banjarmasin. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui dokumentasi, wawancara dan observasi. Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan statistika deskriptif dan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkah bahwa bimbingan berkelanjutan dapat meningkatkan kompetensi kepala madrasah dalam melaksanakan supervisi akademi dari kualifikasi cukup di Siklus I meningkat menjadi kualifikasi baik di Siklus II. Kata Kunci: Bimbingan Berkelanjutan, Kompetensi, Supervisi Akademik.
BİST’DE SEKTÖRLER İTİBARİYLE MALİYET YAPIŞKANLIĞININ PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ İLE İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ERDOĞAN Murat , ÖKSÜZ DEMİRGUBUZ Mükrime , ORUÇ ERDOĞAN Eda , ÖMÜRBEK Vesile 
Published: July 2019

Maliyet davranışı; işletmenin faaliyet hacmindeki değişmelere bağlı olarak belirli bir maliyet unsurunun nasıl değişeceği ya da nasıl davranacağını ifade etmektedir. Yapışkan maliyetleri anlamak, şirketlerin kaynaklarını ve kapasitelerini daha verimli biçimde belirlemelerine ve yönetmelerine yardımcı olmaktadır. Yöneticiler genellikle ürün ve faaliyetlerin maliyetleri ile ilgilenmektedirler. Pazarlama, satış ve dağıtım giderleri ile genel yönetim giderleri firmaların mali durumuna göre maliyet yapışkanlık derecesini değiştirmektedir. Çalışmanın uygulama kısmında panel veri analizi kullanılmış ve Borsa İstanbul’da yer alan dört farklı sektördeki imalat işletmelerinin maliyet verilerinden yararlanılarak maliyet yapışkanlığı farlılıkları incelenmiştir. Analizde satışlar ile satışların maliyeti, pazarlama, satış ve dağıtım giderleri ve genel yönetim giderleri kullanılmıştır. Bu sektörlerden üçünde maliyet yapışkanlığı tespit edilememiş; taşa toprağa dayalı sektörde ise pazarlama, satış ve dağıtım giderlerinde maliyet yapışkanlığı tespit edilmiştir.
Burial Diagenesis of the Eocene Sobrarbe Delta (Ainsa Basin, Spain) Inferred From Dolomitic Concretions
Authors: Hoareau Guilhem , Odonne Francis , Garcia Daniel , Debroas Elie-Jean , Monnin Christophe , Dubois Michel , Potdevin Jean-Luc 
Published: July 2019

Abstract:
Little attention has been focused on the burial diagenesis of deltas deposited on active foreland-basin margins, where tectonics is likely to strongly impact fluid–rock interactions. A petrographic, geochemical, and microthermometric study of several fractured dolomite concretions and enclosing prodelta marls provides insights into the evolution of burial diagenesis in the Eocene Sobrarbe deltaic complex (Ainsa Basin, Spain), and more generally, on the paleohydrology of the South Pyrenean foreland basin.
Shallow burial diagenesis was controlled by microbial activity in marine-derived porewaters. Microbial sulfate reduction was first responsible for the formation of pyrite and early calcite, followed by the growth of dolomite concretions during methanogenesis. Subsequent diagenesis was limited to temperatures and depth of less than approximately 75°C and 2 km, respectively. Diagenesis was recorded in porous bioturbation traces and septarian fractures found inside dolomite concretions, as well as in tectonic shear fractures. Neomorphic tabular barite, found only in the bioturbation traces, is interpreted to have formed early in marine-derived porewaters. Septarian fractures were then filled by Fe-rich calcite and centimeter-size celestine. Stable isotopes indicate that calcite probably formed in meteoric-derived waters coming from the overlying fluvial delta plain. The sulfur isotope composition of celestine is compatible with precipitation in waters of mixed parentage, but the exact origin of dissolved sulfate remains poorly constrained. In tectonic fractures, celestine precipitated coevally with calcite displaying evidence of strong fluid–rock interaction. Dissolved sulfate may have migrated to the fractures during active tectonics from the late Eocene to the Oligocene.
The paragenesis and the proposed paleohydrologic model are similar to those previously described for other deltaic systems deposited in active foreland basins, including the South Pyrenean foreland basin. These features point to common diagenetic processes in syntectonic foreland-basin deltas, involving both meteoric and marine fluid sources. Similar to passive margin settings, early diagenesis appears to be controlled mainly by relative variations of sea level, whereas during further burial, the development of permeable tectonic fractures is likely to facilitate the influx of basinal or continental waters into fine slope deposits, impacting the diagenetic record. These results emphasize the importance of fracture development in the fluid-flow regime of syntectonic foreland-basin deltas. They demonstrate the necessity to take this parameter into account in fluid-flow modeling of foreland-basin margins.
Valleys, Estuaries, and Lagoons: Paleoenvironments and Regressive–Transgressive Architecture of the Upper Cretaceous Straight Cliffs Formation, Utah, U.S.A
Authors: Chentnik Brenton M. , Johnson Cari L. , Mulhern Julia S. , Stright Lisa 
Published: July 2019

Abstract:
The John Henry Member of the Upper Cretaceous Straight Cliffs Formation preserves deposition of four regressive–transgressive (R-T) cycles in 350 m of strata of the Sevier foredeep in south-central Utah, USA. Each cycle is discussed in detail, with emphasis on the transgressive phases of deposition. Regressive intervals comprise wave-dominated shorefaces and coastal-plain strata, whereas transgressive intervals record tide-influenced coastal-margin and low-energy-bay and lagoonal deposits. One R-T cycle in the lower John Henry Member preserves a compound incised-valley system filled with a complex assemblage of tidal and estuarine facies. In contrast, overlying R-T cycles are not associated with valley formation, but instead preserve sandstone-rich back-barrier platform deposits that transition landward into tidal-creek, tidal-flat, and marsh depositional settings.
Excellent outcrop expression permits detailed examination of the complex internal architecture of the compound incised-valley, and demonstrates that: 1) tidal ravinement significantly modified the initial valley shape during transgression, a process not fully recognized in most conceptual models of valley formation and fill; 2) the valley system incised in a basin-axial position (NNE–SSW), subparallel to the thrust front and oblique to the orientation of pre-valley-formation shorefaces, which prograded from west to east. Axial systems are well-known transporters of large volumes of sediment in foreland basins, and yet most incised-valley models imply a direct and oversimplified relationship between up-dip (source area and tectonics) and down-dip (base level) controls; 3) the major subaerial unconformity and bypass surface occurred at a higher (younger) stratigraphic position than previously interpreted, and is herein renamed the lower John Henry Member sequence boundary. The changes in regional correlations necessitated by this discovery have several broader implications for sequence stratigraphic models; 4) finally, correlations down dip along the axial valley system indicate a steep topographic gradient of 0.011, with 47% vertical, compacted expansion of the whole John Henry Member over 14 km from south to the north. This suggests structural control on sediment transport and deposition, with significant lateral variability in accommodation parallel to the fold-thrust belt. This study adds to the growing body of literature documenting the complex nature of transgressive deposits, which will aid in the interpretation, prediction, and management of analogous subsurface reservoirs.
Mid-Cretaceous Paleopedology and Landscape Reconstruction of the Mid-Atlantic U.S. Coastal Plain
Authors: Thornburg Jesse D. , Miller Kenneth G. , Browning James V. , Wright James D. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe identified and described Potomac Formation paleosols from three coreholes in New Jersey and Delaware to interpret depositional history and reconstruct regional landscapes during the climatic transition from the Early to the Late Cretaceous. In total, 103 paleosol profiles were described and grouped into five pedotypes (gray, gray-red, purple, red, and brown) ranging in pedogenic maturity from: 1) weakly developed, immature soils formed under poor drainage conditions (gray and gray-red); to 2) moderately developed soils formed under alternating drainage conditions (purple and red); to 3) well-developed, mature soils formed under well-drained conditions (brown). Geochemical and stable-isotope proxies (Ba/Sr and δ18O on sphaerosiderite) are presented to constrain paleoprecipitation and/or fluvial position and drainage conditions. Potomac Formation Unit I (Barremian to lower Albian) generally displays well-drained, stable landscape conditions upsection, with paleoprecipitation being the main control on development of paleosol type. Potomac Formation Units II (lower Albian to lower Cenomanian) and III (lower Cenomanian) have variable drainage and landscape conditions upsection. Paleoprecipitation exerted a controlling role in the development of paleosol type lower in Unit II, while base-level changes exerted greater influence on landscape conditions upsection into Unit III. Geochemical proxies provide evidence that Unit I was subhumid with episodes of saturation and overall better drainage conditions relative to the overlying units. Units II and III were deposited under more waterlogged conditions, experiencing subhumid to humid conditions, with episodes of enhanced drainage from base-level fall. The use of these proxies is consistent with interpretations made using the macro-features and micro-features of the paleosols and sphaerosiderite δ18O, and emphasizes that the main long-term environmental control on landscape development during this period was initially paleoprecipitation, with progressive influence from base-level changes.
Lacustrine Fossil Preservation in Acidic Environments: Implications of Experimental and Field Studies for the Cretaceous–Paleogene Boundary Acid Rain Trauma
Authors: BAILEY JAKE V. , COHEN ANDREW S. , KRING DAVID A. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The effects of acidification on the preservation of buried lacustrine microfossils were evaluated using experimental tanks to simulate pH, depth, duration of acidification, and buffering conditions below the sediment/water interface of a hypothetical acidified lake. The taphonomic data provided from these experiments suggest that buffering by the host catchment (i.e., the CaCO3 content of the soils and outcrops that underlie the lake and drainage basin) is the primary factor promoting calcareous-fossil preservation under conditions of moderate and severe acidification.
Global acid-rain fallout was a likely environmental consequence of the Chicxulub impact event at the Cretaceous– Paleogene boundary, and may have been important at other times in Earth history. Fossil preservation at the K/Pg boundary may have been affected by acidic groundwater leaching. Whereas the duration and intensity of the acid-rain fallout is poorly constrained, acid rain would have had varying effects on the acidity of lacustrine and fluvial environments with different acid-buffering capacities. Variations in acid-buffering capacities of lacustrine and fluvial catchments also may be a factor in the apparent extinction selectivity of non-marine aquatic fauna at the K/Pg boundary. Last appearances of taxa can result from poor preservation conditions or extinction—both of which may result from acidification. Last appearances observed at the species level, but not in higher taxa, may be the result of regional heterogeneities in catchment geology. Understanding local buffering conditions may be important for interpreting the continental fossil record at the K/Pg boundary.
Who Cares About a Vanishing Clam? Trophic Importance of Mulinia coloradoensis Inferred from Predatory Damage
Authors: CINTRA-BUENROSTRO CARLOS E. , FLESSA KARL W. , GUILLERMO AVILA-SERRANO 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAnalyses of predatory damage on subfossil hard parts can be used to document the trophic role played by species that were abundant prior to human impact even when pre-impact surveys are lacking or when predators have not left skeletal remains. Before upstream dams and water diversions, the bivalve Mulinia coloradoensis was the most common mollusk inhabiting the Colorado River Estuary. Today, only a small population has survived the environmental changes caused by reduction in the river's flow. When abundant, this species was a major source of food for predatory gastropods and crabs, as shown by the characteristic damage inflicted by these predators. Boreholes made by predatory gastropods were found in 23% of the 600 individuals sampled from shell accumulations that date from the era prior to upstream dams and diversions. Marginal shell damage characteristic of predatory portunid crabs was found in 27% of the individuals. Thirty-four percent of the individuals had damage from earlier attacks. Shells were tumbled to provide criteria to distinguish ante-mortem biological damage to the shell margin from post-mortem physical damage. Decline in the population of this prey species likely caused a decline in the populations of its predators and species higher in the food chain, prey-switching, or both effects. Restoration of river flow would increase populations of M. coloradoensis and species that depend on it for food, including commercially important crabs.
FIRST ARGENTINE MICROFOSSIL BONEBED FROM THE UPPER TRIASSIC MARAYES—EL CARRIZAL BASIN, SAN JUAN PROVINCE
Authors: COLOMBI CARINA E. , MARTÍNEZ RICARDO N. , CORREA GUSTAVO , FERNáNDEZ ELIANA , SANTI MALNIS PAULA , PRADERIO ANGEL , APALDETTI CECILIA , ABELÍN DIEGO , ALCOBER OSCAR , AGUILAR-CAMEO ANDREA 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The first Triassic microfossil bonebed found in Argentina is located 80 meters from the top of the Quebrada del Barro Formation in the Marayes-El Carrizal Basin, in the province of San Juan. It consists of specimens from at least 63 individuals from an anomalously high concentration of fossils distributed laterally and vertically in a meter-thick fine-grained deposit. Two new taxa from the genera Sphenodontia and Eucynodontia had previously not been found in Argentine Triassic quarries. The bonebed is preserved in a mudflow deposit interbedded with calcic-Argillisols in the medial-distal zone of a distributary fluvial system (DFS). The accumulation is characterized by small-sized skeletal fragments (skulls, jaws and vertebra; all less than 50 mm), low degree of articulation, variable degrees of subaerial exposure, tooth marks, surface dissolution, and an alkaline authigenic mineral suite. Detailed paleoenvironmental and taphonomic characterization indicate that this accumulation underwent three stages in its taphonomic history: (1) biogenic extrinsic concentration; (2) local transportation and re-deposition by a mudflow on a swampy floodplain; and (3) drying and pedogenesis. Additionally, the deposit highlights biogenic activity as a way to concentrate a paleofaunal assemblage that likely represents the original community, and mudflow deposits from crevasse splays in DFS as a potential facies for microfossil preservation.
STARS OF THE AFTERMATH: ASTERIACITES BEDS FROM THE LOWER TRIASSIC OF THE CARNIC ALPS (WERFEN FORMATION, SAURIS DI SOPRA), ITALY
Authors: BAUCON ANDREA , NETO DE CARVALHO CARLOS 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTrace fossils are important evidence of benthic activity, but they have received less study than body fossils for investigating the aftermath of the end-Permian extinction. There is therefore a need to document Lower Triassic ichnofaunas to understand their significance with respect to the end-Permian crisis. In light of this need, this paper describes a novel Lower Triassic ichnosite at Mount Pallone (Carnic Alps, Italy), where the Campil Member (Smithian) of the Werfen Formation (Griesbachian–Spathian) presents an abundant ichnofauna characterized by excellent preservation and low diversity. Documented ichnogenera include Asteriacites lumbricalis, Gyrochorte comosa, Diplocraterion habichi and Planolites beverleyensis. The ichnofaunal composition and the bioturbation style suggest a marginal marine paleoenvironment ranging from intertidal to shallow subtidal settings. Storm influence, hydrodynamic energy, sedimentation rate, freshwater input and/or water temperature played an important role in structuring the benthic ecosystem. Dense (300 specimens/m2) aggregations of the trace fossil Asteriacites lumbricalis reveals social behavior of their inferred brittlestar producers (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea). In line with modern brittlestar beds, social behavior provided significant advantage because raised arms of brittlestars dampened hydrodynamic energy. This study suggests that Asteriacites beds may be considered ichnological proxies for marine settings, low bioturbation intensity, shallow tiering, high sedimentation rate and/or event-bed deposition, significant levels of hydrodynamic energy, and low predation pressure. The studied ichnofauna reflects stressed environmental conditions, but it is unclear whether this reflects local brackish conditions (‘Gazpacho model’) or global hot temperatures (‘Hot Soup model’).
PRESERVATION OF FOSSIL MICROBES AND BIOFILM IN CAVE POOL CARBONATES AND COMPARISON TO OTHER MICROBIAL CARBONATE ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: MELIM LESLIE A. , NORTHUP DIANA E. , BOSTON PENELOPE J. , SPILDE MICHAEL N. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFossil microbes are generally preserved by authigenic minerals, including silica, apatite, iron minerals, clays, and carbonates. An alternative mode of preservation by entombment in calcite, without replacement, has been identified in carbonate cave pool microbialites that were etched and examined in the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Features identified include filaments, threads, and films that show excess carbon in energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyses, suggesting preservation of organic matter. Filaments are single smooth or reticulated strands with curving string-like morphology, often hollow, and with a uniform diameter of 0.5 to 1.0 μm. Threads, in contrast, are variable thickness, from several microns down to 0.1 μm, always solid, and commonly branch. Films are thin (< 1 μm) drapes associated with threads. Filaments are interpreted as microbial filaments, while threads and films are interpreted as preserved extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). In addition, microbial filaments and EPS are only revealed via acid etching, suggesting preservation of organic material by entombment, not by replacement with calcite. To determine whether entombed microbes are a common feature of carbonate microbialites that form in different environmental settings, samples of hot spring travertine, caliche soil, and reef microbialite were examined. Whereas the travertine samples were barren, entombed EPS was found in the caliche soil and the reef microbialite; the latter also contained a few entombed filaments. In addition, entombed microbial material has been reported from carbonate cold seep deposits. Such findings indicate that entombment of microbes and EPS in carbonates is not restricted to cave settings, but is more widespread than previously reported. Possible causes for the lack of preservation in travertines include rapid degradation of microbial material either by sunlight due to photolytic degradation, aerobic microbial degradation, detritivore consumption, or elevated temperatures. Rapid carbonate precipitation is ruled out as, somewhat surprisingly, preservation is better in slower growing cave carbonates than in rapidly growing travertines. Potential long-term preservation of organic material entombed in carbonate has implications for the characterization of fossil microbial communities using molecular biomarkers and the search for life on other planets.
The Gordondale Member: designation of a new member in the Fernie Formation to replace the informal “Nordegg Member” nomenclature of the subsurface of west-central Alberta
Authors: Asgar-Deen M. , Riediger C. , Hall R. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
New biostratigraphic data and revised lithostratigraphic correlations reveal that the current stratigraphic nomenclature for the Lower Jurassic portions of the Fernie Formation in the subsurface of west-central Alberta is inadequate. This paper introduces a new member, the Gordondale Member, for highly radioactive, fine-grained strata previously referred to as either the lower Fernie Formation, the Lower Fernie shelf limestone and clastics, the Nordegg Member, or the “Nordegg Member”. A new occurrence of a late Toarcian ammonite, which constrains the age of the top of the Gordondale Member, is also reported.
The Hettangian to upper Toarcian Gordondale Member is an important hydrocarbon source rock and consists of dark brown, finely laminated, organic-rich, phosphatic and highly radioactive calcitic mudstones, calcilutites and fine-grained calcarenites. Fish fragments, pectinoid bivalves, Ostrea, belemnoids, ammonites, coccoliths and radiolarians are abundant. The Gordondale Member is laterally extensive and thins westward from a maximum thickness of approximately 50 m in the subsurface of west-central Alberta to 19 m at Pink Mountain in northeastern British Columbia.