bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postpartum family planning integration with maternal, newborn and child health services: a cross-sectional analysis of client flow patterns in India and Kenya
Authors: Mackenzie Devon , Pfitzer Anne , Maly Christina , Waka Charles , Singh Gajendra , Sanyal Abanti 
Published: April 2018

ObjectivesMaternal, newborn and child health (MNCH) services represent opportunities to integrate postpartum family planning (PPFP). Objectives were to determine levels of MNCH–family planning (FP) integration and associations between integration, client characteristics and service delivery factors in facilities that received programmatic PPFP support.Design and settingCross-sectional client flow assessment conducted during May–July 2014, over 5 days at 10 purposively selected public sector facilities in India (4 hospitals) and Kenya (2 hospitals and 4 health centres).Participants2158 client visits tracked (1294 India; 864 Kenya). Women aged 18 or older accessing services while pregnant and/or with a child under 2 years.InterventionsPPFP/postpartum intrauterine device—Bihar, India (2012–2013); Jharkhand, India (2009–2014); Embu, Kenya (2006–2010). Maternal, infant and young child nutrition/FP integration—Bondo, Kenya (2011–2014).Primary outcome measuresProportion of visits where clients received integrated MNCH–FP services, client characteristics as predictors of MNCH–FP integration and MNCH–FP integration as predictor of length of time spent at facility.ResultsLevels of MNCH–FP integration varied widely across facilities (5.3% to 63.0%), as did proportion of clients receiving MNCH–FP integrated services by service area. Clients travelling 30–59 min were half as likely to receive integrated services versus those travelling under 30 min (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.4 to 0.7, P<0.001). Clients receiving MNCH–FP services (vs MNCH services only) spent an average of 10.5 min longer at the facility (95% CI −0.1 to 21.9, not statistically significant).ConclusionsFindings suggest importance of focused programmatic support for integration by MNCH service area. FP integration was highest in areas receiving specific support. Integration does not seem to impose an undue burden on clients in terms of time spent at the facility. Clients living furthest from facilities are least likely to receive integrated services.
Prevalence and determinants of unplanned pregnancy in HIV-positive and HIV-negative pregnant women in Cape Town, South Africa: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Iyun Victoria , Brittain Kirsty , Phillips Tamsin K , le Roux Stanzi , McIntyre James A , Zerbe Allison , Petro Greg , Abrams Elaine J , Myer Landon 
Published: April 2018

ObjectivesPrevention of unplanned pregnancy is a crucial aspect of preventing mother-to-child HIV transmission. There are few data investigating how HIV status and use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) may influence pregnancy planning in high HIV burden settings. Our objective was to examine the prevalence and determinants of unplanned pregnancy among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women in Cape Town, South Africa.DesignCross-sectional analysis.SettingsSingle primary-level antenatal care clinic in Cape Town, South Africa.ParticipantsHIV-positive and HIV-negative pregnant women, booking for antenatal care from March 2013 to August 2015, were included.Main outcome measuresUnplanned pregnancy was measured at the first antenatal care visit using the London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy (LMUP). Analyses examined LMUP scores across four groups of participants defined by their HIV status, awareness of their HIV status prior to the current pregnancy and/or whether they were using antiretroviral therapy (ART) prior to the current pregnancy.ResultsAmong 2105 pregnant women (1512 HIV positive; 593 HIV negative), median age was 28 years, 43% were married/cohabiting and 20% were nulliparous. Levels of unplanned pregnancy were significantly higher in HIV-positive versus HIV-negative women (50% vs 33%, p<0.001); and highest in women who were known HIV positive but not on ART (53%). After adjusting for age, parity and marital status, unplanned pregnancy was most common among women newly diagnosed and women who were known HIV positive but not on ART (compared with HIV-negative women, adjusted OR (aOR): 1.43; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.94 and aOR: 1.57; 95% CI 1.13 to 2.15, respectively). Increased parity and younger age (<24 years) were also associated with unplanned pregnancy (aOR: 1.42; 95% CI 1.25 to 1.60 and aOR: 1.83; 95% CI 1.23 to 2.74, respectively).ConclusionsWe observed high levels of unplanned pregnancy among HIV-positive women, particularly among those not on ART, suggesting ongoing missed opportunities for improved family planning and counselling services for HIV-positive women.
Effects of diets containing linseed oil or lard and supplemented with pumpkin seeds on oxidative status, blood serum metabolites, growth performance, and meat quality of naked neck chickens
Authors: Meineri G. , Longato E. , Peiretti P.G. 
Published: April 2018

This study investigates the effect of two dietary fats, namely linseed oil (LO) and lard (LF), and supplementation with pumpkin seeds (PS) on the performance, oxidative status, and blood serum metabolites of broilers, along with the composition, oxidative stability, and fatty acid (FA) profile of broiler meat. Ninety-six 64-d-old naked neck chickens were randomly distributed into four groups of 24 chickens each (8 chickens per cage, three cages per treatment) and fed a LO diet, a LO diet supplemented with 50 g PS kg−1, a LF diet, and a LF diet supplemented with 50 g PS kg−1. The antioxidant system is increased and reactive oxygen species decreased in chickens fed PS diets. Glycemia and cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the chickens fed PS diets than in those given diets without supplementation; the cholesterol levels were also significantly lower in the chickens fed LO diets than those fed LF diets. However, the LO diet affected the fresh meat quality by decreasing pH values of the meat at 24 h after slaughter. Adding PS to the LO diet improved the oxidative stability of the muscle at day 3 of refrigerated storage. The use of LO instead of LF favourably modulates the FA profile of meat, by increasing both linoleic and α-linolenic acid content and reducing the n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated FA ratio, atherogenic and thrombogenic index.
Mutation Profiling of Key Cancer Genes in Primary Breast Cancers and Their Distant Metastases
Authors: Schrijver Willemijne A.M.E. , Selenica Pier , Lee Ju Youn , Ng Charlotte K.Y. , Burke Kathleen A. , Piscuoglio Salvatore , Berman Samuel H. , Reis-Filho Jorge S. , Weigelt Britta , van Diest Paul J. , Moelans Cathy B. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Although the repertoire of somatic genetic alterations of primary breast cancers has been extensively catalogued, the genetic differences between primary and metastatic tumors have been less studied. In this study, we compared somatic mutations and gene copy number alterations of primary breast cancers and their matched metastases from patients with estrogen receptor (ER)–negative disease. DNA samples obtained from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded ER-negative/HER2-positive (n = 9) and ER-, progesterone receptor (PR-), HER2-negative (n = 8) primary breast cancers and from paired brain or skin metastases and normal tissue were subjected to a hybridization capture-based massively parallel sequencing assay, targeting 341 key cancer genes. A large subset of nonsynonymous somatic mutations (45%) and gene copy number alterations (55%) was shared between the primary tumors and paired metastases. However, mutations restricted to either a given primary tumor or its metastasis, the acquisition of loss of heterozygosity of the wild-type allele, and clonal shifts of genes affected by somatic mutations, such as TP53 and RB1, were observed in the progression from primary tumors to metastases. No metastasis location-specific alterations were identified, but synchronous metastases showed higher concordance with the paired primary tumor than metachronous metastases. Novel potentially targetable alterations were found in the metastases relative to their matched primary tumors. These data indicate that repertoires of somatic genetic alterations in ER-negative metastatic breast cancers may differ from those of their primary tumors, even by the presence of driver and targetable somatic genetic alterations.
Significance: Somatic genetic alterations in ER-negative breast cancer metastases may be distinct from those of their primary tumors, suggesting that for treatment-decision making, genetic analyses of DNA obtained from the metastatic lesion rather than from the primary tumor should be considered. Cancer Res; 78(12); 3112–21. ©2018 AACR.
Cell-Free DNA Modification Dynamics in Abiraterone Acetate-Treated Prostate Cancer Patients
Authors: Gordevičius Juozas , Kriščiūnas Algimantas , Groot Daniel E. , Yip Steven M. , Susic Miki , Kwan Andrew , Kustra Rafal , Joshua Anthony M. , Chi Kim N. , Petronis Art , Oh Gabriel 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPurpose: Primary resistance to abiraterone acetate (AA), a key medication for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, occurs in 20% to 40% of patients. We aim to identify predictive biomarkers for AA-treatment response and understand the mechanisms related to treatment resistance.Experimental Design: We used the Infinium Human Methylation 450K BeadChip to monitor modification profiles of cell-free circulating DNA (cfDNA) in 108 plasma samples collected from 33 AA-treated patients.Results: Thirty cytosines showed significant modification differences (FDR Q &lt; 0.05) between AA-sensitive and AA-resistant patients during the treatment, of which 21 cytosines were differentially modified prior to treatment. In addition, AA-sensitive patients, but not AA-resistant patients, lost interindividual variation of cfDNA modification shortly after starting AA treatment, but such variation returned to initial levels in the later phases of treatment.Conclusions: Our findings provide a list of potential biomarkers for predicting AA-treatment response, highlight the prognostic value of using cytosine modification variance as biomarkers, and shed new insights into the mechanisms of prostate cancer relapse in AA-sensitive patients. Clin Cancer Res; 24(14); 3317–24. ©2018 AACR.
An Effective Epigenetic-PARP Inhibitor Combination Therapy for Breast and Ovarian Cancers Independent of BRCA Mutations
Authors: Pulliam Nicholas , Fang Fang , Ozes Ali R. , Tang Jessica , Adewuyi Adeoluwa , Keer Harold , Lyons John , Baylin Stephen B. , Matei Daniela , Nakshatri Harikrishna , Rassool Feyruz V. , Miller Kathy D. , Nephew Kenneth P. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Purpose: PARP inhibitors (PARPi) are primarily effective against BRCA1/2-mutated breast and ovarian cancers, but resistance due to reversion of mutated BRCA1/2 and other mechanisms is common. Based on previous reports demonstrating a functional role for DNMT1 in DNA repair and our previous studies demonstrating an ability of DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (DNMTi) to resensitize tumors to primary therapies, we hypothesized that combining a DNMTi with PARPi would sensitize PARPi-resistant breast and ovarian cancers to PARPi therapy, independent of BRCA status.
Experimental Design: Breast and ovarian cancer cell lines (BRCA-wild-type/mutant) were treated with PARPi talazoparib and DNMTi guadecitabine. Effects on cell survival, ROS accumulation, and cAMP levels were examined. In vivo, mice bearing either BRCA-proficient breast or ovarian cancer cells were treated with talazoparib and guadecitabine, alone or in combination. Tumor progression, gene expression, and overall survival were analyzed.
Results: Combination of guadecitabine and talazoparib synergized to enhance PARPi efficacy, irrespective of BRCA mutation status. Coadministration of guadecitabine with talazoparib increased accumulation of ROS, promoted PARP activation, and further sensitized, in a cAMP/PKA-dependent manner, breast and ovarian cancer cells to PARPi. In addition, DNMTi enhanced PARP “trapping” by talazoparib. Guadecitabine plus talazoparib decreased xenograft tumor growth and increased overall survival in BRCA-proficient high-grade serous ovarian and triple-negative breast cancer models.
Conclusions: The novel combination of the next-generation DNMTi guadecitabine and the first-in-class PARPi talazoparib inhibited breast and ovarian cancers harboring either wild-type– or mutant-BRCA, supporting further clinical exploration of this drug combination in PARPi-resistant cancers. Clin Cancer Res; 24(13); 3163–75. ©2018 AACR.
NetH2pan: A Computational Tool to Guide MHC Peptide Prediction on Murine Tumors
Authors: DeVette Christa I. , Andreatta Massimo , Bardet Wilfried , Cate Steven J. , Jurtz Vanessa I. , Jackson Kenneth W. , Welm Alana L. , Nielsen Morten , Hildebrand William H. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
With the advancement of personalized cancer immunotherapies, new tools are needed to identify tumor antigens and evaluate T-cell responses in model systems, specifically those that exhibit clinically relevant tumor progression. Key transgenic mouse models of breast cancer are generated and maintained on the FVB genetic background, and one such model is the mouse mammary tumor virus-polyomavirus middle T antigen (MMTV-PyMT) mouse—an immunocompetent transgenic mouse that exhibits spontaneous mammary tumor development and metastasis with high penetrance. Backcrossing the MMTV-PyMT mouse from the FVB strain onto a C57BL/6 genetic background, in order to leverage well-developed C57BL/6 immunologic tools, results in delayed tumor development and variable metastatic phenotypes. Therefore, we initiated characterization of the FVB MHC class I H-2q haplotype to establish useful immunologic tools for evaluating antigen specificity in the murine FVB strain. Our study provides the first detailed molecular and immunoproteomic characterization of the FVB H-2q MHC class I alleles, including &gt;8,500 unique peptide ligands, a multiallele murine MHC peptide prediction tool, and in vivo validation of these data using MMTV-PyMT primary tumors. This work allows researchers to rapidly predict H-2 peptide ligands for immune testing, including, but not limited to, the MMTV-PyMT model for metastatic breast cancer. Cancer Immunol Res; 6(6); 636–44. ©2018 AACR.
Understanding Is Key: An Analysis of Factors Pertaining to Trust in a Real-World Automation System
Authors: Balfe Nora , Sharples Sarah , Wilson John R. 
Published: April 2018

Objective: This paper aims to explore the role of factors pertaining to trust in real-world automation systems through the application of observational methods in a case study from the railway sector. Background: Trust in automation is widely acknowledged as an important mediator of automation use, but the majority of the research on automation trust is based on laboratory work. In contrast, this work explored trust in a real-world setting. Method: Experienced rail operators in four signaling centers were observed for 90 min, and their activities were coded into five mutually exclusive categories. Their observed activities were analyzed in relation to their reported trust levels, collected via a questionnaire. Results: The results showed clear differences in activity, even when circumstances on the workstations were very similar, and significant differences in some trust dimensions were found between groups exhibiting different levels of intervention and time not involved with signaling. Conclusion: Although the empirical, lab-based studies in the literature have consistently found that reliability and competence of the automation are the most important aspects of trust development, understanding of the automation emerged as the strongest dimension in this study. The implications are that development and maintenance of trust in real-world, safety-critical automation systems may be distinct from artificial laboratory automation. Application: The findings have important implications for emerging automation concepts in diverse industries including highly automated vehicles and Internet of things.
Treatment with Bioartificial Liver Improves Lung Injury in a Swine Model of Partial Hepatectomy and Ischemia/Reperfusion
Authors: Arkadopoulos Nikolaos , Kalimeris Konstantinos , Papalois Apostolos , Nastos Constantinos , Papoutsidakis Nikolaos , Defterevos George , Zarkadis Ioannis K. , Mikrou Aggeliki , Pafiti Agatha , Andreadou Ioanna , Kostopanagiotou Georgia , Smyrniotis Vassilios 
Published: April 2018

Purpose Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury can lead to remote lung injury by inducing oxidative stress and inflammation. this study aims to investigate whether support of liver function with a bioartificial liver can attenuate remote lung injury after extended hepatectomy. Methods Fourteen domestic pigs were subjected to liver ischemia for 150 minutes and 70–75% hepatectomy. Six hours after initiation of hepatic reperfusion the animals were randomly allocated to a 6-hour treatment with a bioartificial liver (group B, n=7) or observation (group C, n=7). Hemodynamic and metabolic parameters were monitored for 24 hours following reperfusion. Lung biopsies were used for histological, nitrotyrosine and mrNA analysis. Results Oxygenation gradually deteriorated in group C, but was not significantly impaired in group B. Histological evaluation revealed improvements in alveolar collapse, necrotized pneumonocytes and lymphocyte infiltration in group B. Nitrotyrosine content of the lung was lower in group B compared to group C (55±12 vs. 132±22 nM/mg protein, p<0.01). Lung mRNA expression of interleukin-6, Stat-3 and E-selectin also decreased in group B. Expression of transforming growth factor-α mRNA did not differ between groups. Conclusions Application of a bioartificial liver was associated with improvement in several parameters of post-hepatectomy lung injury. the mechanisms appear to involve reduced nitrosative stress and attenuation of the native inflammatory process in the lung.
Patterns of invasive mechanical ventilation in patients with severe blunt chest trauma and lung contusion: A French multicentric evaluation of practices
Authors: Prunet Bertrand , Bourenne Jérémy , David Jean-Stéphane , Bouzat Pierre , Boutonnet Mathieu , Cordier Pierre-Yves , Renaudin Pierre , Meaudre Eric , Michelet Pierre 
Published: April 2018

Introduction This study investigated invasive mechanical ventilation modalities used in severe blunt chest trauma patients with pulmonary contusion. Occurrence, risk factors, and outcomes of early onset acute respiratory distress syndrome were also evaluated. Methods We performed a retrospective multicenter observational study including 115 adult patients hospitalized in six level 1 trauma intensive care units between April and September of 2014. Independent predictors of early onset acute respiratory distress syndrome were determined by multiple logistic regression analysis based on clinical characteristics and initial management. Results Protective ventilation principles were highly implemented, even prophylactically before acute respiratory distress syndrome occurrence. Early onset acute respiratory distress syndrome appeared to be associated with lung contusion of >20% of total lung volume and early onset pneumonia. Conclusions Predictors of early onset acute respiratory distress syndrome could help with identifying high-risk populations, potentially improving case management through specific protocol development for these patients.
Agreement of screening tools with established questionnaires used in psychological assessment of bariatric patients
Authors: Lew Henry Yuen Foong , Zainal Kelly Ann 
Published: April 2018

Background: Depression and binge eating contributes to less weight loss after bariatric surgery. The lack of standardized assessment of depression and binge eating in bariatric patients makes it hard to identify and provide treatment to relevant patients. This study aimed to enhance the accuracy of identifying binge eating and depression in bariatric patients before surgery. We determined the agreement of brief screening tools for depression, binge eating and quality of life with established questionnaires used in psychological assessment of bariatric patients. Methods: In total, 120 patients completed both screening tools and established questionnaires before surgery during their psychological assessment sessions. Cohen’s kappa was conducted to determine whether Patient Health Questionnaire-2 agreed with the Beck Depression Inventory II in identifying depression; and if Patient Health Questionnaire-Binge agreed with the Binge Eating Scale in identifying binge eating. To investigate the degree of agreeableness between the RAND 36-Item Health Survey and Moorehead–Ardelt Quality of Life Questionnaire II on quality of life, Bland Altman analysis was performed. Results: Our results show that agreement between Patient Health Questionnaire-2 and Beck Depression Inventory II ( k=0.35) was fair. We found that agreement between Patient Health Questionnaire-Binge and Binge Eating Scale ( k=0.41) was moderate. Conclusions: These results indicate that the respective brief instruments’ identification of depression and binge eating is comparable to established questionnaires. Our results play a role in offering brief screening tools to be included at different points of assessment, together with established questionnaires and clinical interviews for a more accurate and comprehensive assessment.
Development of a magnetic composite material for measurement of residual limb displacements in prosthetic sockets
Authors: Weathersby Ethan J , Cagle John C , Larsen Brian G , Henrikson Katrina M , Sanders Joan E 
Published: April 2018

Introduction Wearable limb–socket displacement sensors may help patients and prosthetists identify a deteriorating socket fit and justify the need for repair or replacement. Methods A novel sensor using an inductive sensing modality was developed to detect limb-to-socket distances. Key detection elements were a coil antenna placed in the socket wall and a magnetic composite sheath worn over the outside of the prosthesis user's elastomeric liner. The sheath was a nylon or cotton prosthetic stocking coated with a polyurethane composite. The polyurethane composite contained embedded iron particles (75 wt%). Results Brushing γ-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane onto the sheath fabric, coating it first with unfilled polyurethane and then iron-filled polyurethane, enhanced bonding between the sheath and the composite and overcame mechanical degradation problems. A γ-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane-rich fumed silica layer applied to the outside of the sheath reduced friction and improved durability. Field testing demonstrated less than a 3% signal degradation from four weeks of field use. Conclusions The developed wearable displacement sensor meets durability and performance needs, and is ready for large-scale clinical testing.
Selenoproteins regulate stress erythroid progenitors and spleen microenvironment during stress erythropoiesis
Authors: Liao Chang , Hardison Ross C. , Kennett Mary J. , Carlson Bradley A. , Paulson Robert F. , Prabhu K. Sandeep 
Published: April 2018

Key Points
Selenoproteins, and in particular SelenoW, are required for stress erythroid progenitor proliferation and maturation. Macrophages require selenoproteins to maintain erythropoietic niche competency.
Light chain type predicts organ involvement and survival in AL amyloidosis patients receiving stem cell transplantation
Authors: Sidiqi M Hasib , Aljama Mohammed A. , Muchtar Eli , Buadi Francis K. , Warsame Rahma , Lacy Martha Q. , Dispenzieri Angela , Dingli David , Leung Nelson , Gonsalves Wilson I. , Kumar Shaji K. , Kapoor Prashant , Kourelis Taxiarchis V. , Hogan William J. , Gertz Morie A. 
Published: April 2018

Key Points
λ Light chain AL amyloidosis is associated with a shorter PFS and OS compared with κ. Light chain type predicts likelihood of organ involvement in AL amyloidosis.