bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Motivations for adopting unsolicited proposals for public-private partnership project implementation
Authors: Osei-Kyei Robert , Chan Albert P.C. , Dansoh Ayirebi , Ofori-Kuragu Joseph Kwame , Owusu Emmanuel Kingsford 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore the motivations of governments for adopting unsolicited proposals for public–private partnership (PPP) project implementation.Design/methodology/approachA comprehensive review of literature was conducted to derive a list of motivations for adopting unsolicited PPPs. Subsequently, an empirical questionnaire survey was conducted with international PPP experts. Inter-rater agreement analysis, mean significance index and independent two-samplet-test were used for data analysis.FindingsResults reveal four very critical motivations for governments’ interest in unsolicited PPPs; these include: “enhanced private sector innovation and creativity in PPPs”; “lack of public sector capacity to identify, prioritise and procure projects”; “lack of private investors’/developers’ interest in projects at remote areas”; and “rapid implementation of PPP projects”. Further analysis shows that developing and developed countries view the significance of three motivations differently.Research limitations/implicationsThe major limitation lies in the fact that this study only focused on the general motivations/rationale for using unsolicited PPP proposals and did not thoroughly examine and consider the inherent property of motivations (i.e. push and pull theories). Therefore, future studies should explore the “pull and push” motivations for adopting unsolicited PPPs within a specific country or region.Originality/valueThe research outputs inform international private developers of the key expectations of governments/public departments when submitting unsolicited PPP proposals for consideration by the public sector. Furthermore, the outputs will enable governments/public departments and private proponents to derive performance objectives and standards for unsolicited PPP projects.
Post-disaster transportation of seriously injured people to hospitals
Authors: Shavarani Seyed Mahdi , Vizvari Bela 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to deal with the transportation of a high number of injured people after a disaster in a highly populated large area. Each patient should be delivered to the hospital before the specific deadline to survive. The objective of the study is to maximize the survival rate of patients by proper assignment of existing emergency vehicles to hospitals and efficient generation of vehicle routes.Design/methodology/approachThe concepts of non-fixed multiple depot pickup and delivery vehicle routing problem (MDPDVRP) is utilized to capture an image of the problem encountered in real life. Due to NP-hardness of the problem, a hybrid genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed as the solution method. The performance of the developed algorithm is investigated through a case study.FindingsThe proposed hybrid model outperforms the traditional GA and also is significantly superior compared to the nearest neighbor assignment. The required time for running the algorithm on a large-scale problem fits well into emergency distribution and the promptness required for humanitarian relief systems.Originality/valueThis paper investigates the efficient assignment of emergency vehicles to patients and their routing in a way that is most appropriate for the problem at hand.
A unique regional family interventions training programme
Authors: Burbach Frank R. , Sherbersky Hannah , Whitlock Ragni , Rapsey Estelle H. , Wright Kim A. , Handley Rachel V. 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to describe the University of Exeter Family Interventions (FIs) training programme for the South West region which was commissioned as part of the NHS England Access and Waiting Times standards (A&WTS) initiative for early psychosis. This programme (10 taught days and 6 months of supervised practice) is designed to maximise implementation in practice.

Design/methodology/approach
The programme introduces students to a flexible, widely applicable FI approach which integrates cognitive behavioural/psycho-educational and systemic approaches. It refreshes and develops CBT-based psycho-social intervention skills, so that clinicians feel confident to use them in family sessions and integrate these with foundation level family therapy skills. The approach facilitates engagement, and it is designed so that every session is a “mini intervention”. This enables clinicians to offer standard NICE-concordant FI or a briefer intervention if this is sufficient to meet the particular needs of a family.

Findings
This paper provides details of the regional training programme and evaluates the first four training courses delivered to nine early intervention in psychosis teams. It considers how a combination of training a critical mass of staff in each service, ongoing supervision, regional events to maintain skills and motivation to deliver FI, and the national and regional auditing of FI as part of the A&WTS all contribute to clinical implementation.

Originality/value
The unique design of this programme maximises implementation in practice by virtue of its widely applicable integrated FI approach, the focus on ongoing skills development and by embedding it within regional and local service support structures.
Uncommoditizing strategies by emerging market firms
Authors: Cuervo-Cazurra Alvaro , Carneiro Jorge , Finchelstein Diego , Duran Patricio , Gonzalez-Perez Maria Alejandra , Montoya Miguel A. , Borda Reyes Armando , Fleury Maria Tereza Leme , Newburry William 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to analyze how emerging market firms upgrade their capabilities by focusing on “uncommoditizing strategies” that enable them to achieve levels of international competitiveness beyond the comparative advantages of their home countries and serve markets with premium pricing, quality and reputation of products.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the authors studied 18 Latin American companies across six countries. Latin America represents an ideal setting because many of these countries have traditionally developed using natural resource endowments, and their firms have tended to rely on these in their internationalization. To facilitate the analysis of each case and the comparisons across cases, the authors used the same analytical framework for the companies, identifying the sources of differentiation and cost efficiency strategies that enabled these firms to upgrade their capabilities and compete on the basis of premium pricing, quality and reputation.

Findings
The analysis identified a general framework that represents an abstraction of the actions taken by these companies over time. The proposed model consists of three main elements used to pursue uncommoditizing strategies: tropicalized innovation, global efficiency and coordinated control.

Originality/value
Recent research on emerging market firms has shown interest in how these firms upgrade their capabilities. This paper contributes to this stream of research by providing an overarching framework that not only bridged previous narrower studies but also explained how firms can develop uncommoditizing strategies to upgrade their capabilities. Further, this paper helps managers by providing a comprehensive yet succinct overview of the main strategies that they can use to help their firms to achieve international competitiveness.
Lean Startup: a comprehensive historical review
Authors: Bortolini Rafael Fazzi , Nogueira Cortimiglia Marcelo , Danilevicz Angela de Moura Ferreira , Ghezzi Antonio 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The primary goal of a startup is to find a viable business model that can generate value for its customers while being effectively captured by the startup itself. This business model, however, is not easily defined, being a consequence of the application of tools involving trials, data analyses and testing. The Lean Startup (LS) methodology proposes a process for agile and iterative validation of business models. Given the popularity and importance of such methodology in professional circles, the purpose of this paper is to conduct a historical literature review of existing academic and professional literature, correlating LS concepts and activities to previous theory and alternative business model validation methods.

Design/methodology/approach
A historically oriented systematic literature review employing snowball sampling was conducted in order to identify academic and professional literature and references for iterative validation of business models. A total of 12 scholarly journals and professional magazines dealing with strategy, innovation, entrepreneurship, startups and management were used as data sources. The extensive literature review resulted in 963 exploratory readings and 118 papers fully analyzed.

Findings
The results position the LS as a practical-oriented and up-to-date implementation of strategies based on the Learning School of strategy making and the effectuation approach to entrepreneurship; the authors also identify a number of methods and tools that can complement the LS principles.

Originality/value
This paper identified and synthesized the scientific, academic and professional foundations that precede, support and complement the main concepts, processes and methods advocated by the LS methodology.
Between flexibility and discipline in new product development: expertise as a boundary condition
Authors: Robey Daniel , Hellman Karl , Monlouis Isabelle , Nations Kenneth , Johnston Wesley J. 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study two aspects of new product development (NPD) success – the impact of learning and the impact of structure – are studied.Design/methodology/approachA multiple case study method within a single setting consisting of in-depth interviews of two teams that developed successful, award-winning products and two teams that developed unsuccessful products.FindingsCase 1: flexibility and expertise permitted learning and radical redefinition of the product mid-project and commercial success. Case 2: flexibility enabled adding expertise which was instrumental in success, iterating permitted optimizing pricing. Case 3: flexibility led to focusing on technical issues to the exclusion of commercial viability. Case 4: flexibility led to skipping market definition and partnering with a particular customer whose situation was idiosyncratic. Cross-case analysis: flexibility in teams with both technical and commercial expertise yielded success. Flexibility permitted teams consisting of narrow experts to invest development resources in products with insufficient market.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper argues that the right balance between structure and flexibility is dependent on the level of expertise of the members of the NPD project teams. However, getting this balance right is not a sufficient condition for NPD success. The cases were theoretically blocked to develop theoretical insight, but additional cases are needed for a strong test of theory.Practical implicationsThe more experienced team members are, the more the project benefits from flexibility. Conversely, an inexperienced team will benefit from a more structured process. Projects require iteration. The dichotomy between structure and flexibility is false: the most expert teams benefit from some structure. The most inexperienced teams must employ flexibility to learn.Originality/valueThe analysis combines the virtues of the stage-gate school and the flexibility school previously thought mutually exclusive.
Polymers containing amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid) groups for scale inhibition
Authors: Köken Nesrin 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to prepare poly[allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid)-ran-acrylic acid]s by two different routes. In the first route, poly(allyl amine-ran-acrylic acid)s were produced by radical copolymerization of a mixture of ally amine and acrylic acid, then converted into poly[allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid)-ran-acrylic acid]s by the Mannich reaction with a mixture of formaldehyde and phosphonic acid. In the second route, allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid) monomer was synthesized and copolymerised with acrylic acid. The aim of this work is to produce low-molecular-weight copolymer with the low amount of nitrogen and phosphorous having better scale inhibiting performance than commercial low-molecular-weight poly(acrylic acid)s.

Design/methodology/approach
Poly(allyl amine-ran-acrylic acid)s were prepared by radical copolymerisation of a mixture of ally amine and acrylic acid, and the molecular weight of copolymers was regulated by using an effective chain transfer compound and the formed copolymer was reacted with a mixture of formaldehyde and phosphorous acid. Allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid) monomer was prepared and then copolymerised with acrylic acid using radical initiators.

Findings
Poly[allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid)-ran-acrylic acid] produced with both routes, especially low-molecular weight ones have better anti-scaling performance than low-molecular-weight commercial poly(acrylic acid).

Research limitations/implications
By using an excess of formaldehyde and phosphonic acid, a limited increase in the conversion of amine groups of poly(allyl amine-ran-acrylic acid) to amino methylene phosphonic acid groups was achieved, so unreacted amine groups were always present in the structure of the final copolymers.

Practical implications
The low-molecular-weight poly[allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid)-ran-acrylic acid] may be used as a better anti-scaling polymer in industry.

Social implications
The low-molecular-weight poly[allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid)-ran-acrylic acid] is an alternative polymer for scale inhibition in the water boilers.

Originality/value
The low-molecular-weight poly[allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid)-ran-acrylic acid] copolymers containing both carboxylic acid and amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid) are more effective anti-scaling additives than poly(acrylic acid)s in water boilers.
The role of prehabilitation in frail surgical patients: A systematic review
Authors: Milder David A. , Pillinger Neil L. , Kam Peter C. A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIntroductionIncreasing emphasis is being placed on the detection of frailty in the pre‐operative setting given its association with surgical morbidity and mortality. Prehabilitation seeks to increase the physiological reserve of frail patients, attenuating the risk of irreversible functional decline following surgery.Aim/HypothesisThis systematic review appraises the evidence available for prehabilitation in frail surgical patients. We proposed that exercise prehabilitation would especially benefit frail patients, with improvements in pre‐operative functional capacity, and reductions in complications and length of hospital stay.MethodsA literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, PubMed and CINAHL databases. Studies were included if they consisted of a prehabilitation intervention in frail patients undergoing surgery and specified a frailty model/index. Eight studies were included for analysis, 2 of which are ongoing studies.ResultsIn 3 studies, prehabilitation consisted of an exercise intervention alone. There was a high feasibility of prehabilitation and a trend to improved pre‐operative function, however, no evidence of improved post‐operative functional recovery was there. In 2 studies, prehabilitation consisted of both exercise and nutritional interventions. Reductions in mortality and duration of hospital stay were reported, but the quality of evidence was judged to be very low. There was a lack of evidence of improved outcomes following pre‐operative inspiratory muscle training in frail patients.DiscussionThis systematic review focuses on prehabilitation in frail surgical patients and reports that evidence supporting any outcome is limited, despite high feasibility and acceptability. There is a need for large randomised controlled trials to better establish the effects of prehabilitation in frail patients.
A Chronotope of Containment Development: Europe's Migrant Crisis and Africa's Reterritorialisation
Authors: Landau Loren B. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEurope has taken unprecedented levels of peacetime defensive actions against the perceived demands by African migrants for “absolute hospitality”. In collaboration with politicians across the Mediterranean, European political leaders are authoring a chronotope that removes Africa and Africans from global time. This discursive vision rests on an epistemological reorientation coding all Africans as potential migrants capable of threatening European and African sovereignty and security. This conceptual realignment has seeded a defensive assemblage of coercive controls, sociologies of knowledge, and a campaign to generate sedentary African subjects. Ultimately it is engendering “containment development” aimed at geographically localising Africans’ desires and imaginations. In an era of planetary entanglement and exchange, this discursively and materially excludes Africans from what it means to be fully human.
Letter: significant burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with advanced fibrosis in the USA: a cross‐sectional analysis of 2011‐2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey – author's reply
Authors: Wong R. J. 
Published: August 2018

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Wong et al and Liu et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14327 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14850.
Subclinical cardiovascular damage in patients with HCV cirrhosis before and after treatment with direct antiviral agents: a prospective study
Authors: Novo Giuseppina , Macaione Francesca , Giannitrapani Lydia , Minissale Maria Giovanna , Bonomo Vito , Indovina Francesco , Petta Salvatore , Soresi Maurizio , Montalto Giuseppe , Novo Salvatore , Craxi Antonio , Licata Anna 
Published: August 2018

SummaryBackgroundCirrhosis is associated with morpho‐functional cardiovascular alterations.AimsTo detect early features of cardiovascular damage in HCV‐compensated cirrhotic patients using myocardial deformation indices and carotid arterial stiffness, and, further, to evaluate their short‐term behaviour after HCV eradication with direct antiviral agents (DAAs).MethodsThirty‐nine consecutive patients with HCV cirrhosis, without previous cardiovascular events, were studied and matched for age, gender and cardiovascular risk factors to 39 controls without liver or cardiovascular disease. Patients and controls underwent a baseline echocardiographic evaluation including global longitudinal strain and ultrasound scan of carotid arteries. HCV‐cirrhotics were reassessed by echocardiography and carotid ultrasound after obtaining sustained virological response (SVR) on DAAs.ResultsHCV‐cirrhotics showed at baseline a significantly reduced global longitudinal strain compared to controls −18.1 (16.3‐20.5) vs −21.2 (20.4‐22.3), P < 0.001. They also had a significantly higher pulse wave velocity 8.6 (7.7‐9.1) m/s vs 6.6 (6.0‐7.1) m/s, P = 0.0001, and β‐stiffness index 12.4 (11.1‐13.5) vs 8.6 (8.0‐9.2) P = 0.0001. At multiple regression analysis, diabetes and HCV cirrhosis were independent predictors of global longitudinal strain. All HCV‐cirrhotic patients had SVR on DAAs. Follow‐up available in 32 of 39 (82%) at 9 (8‐10) months showed a significant improvement of tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (P = 0.01) and lateral E’ velocity compared to baseline (P = 0.001).ConclusionsHCV‐cirrhotics show a significant rate of subclinical cardiac and vascular abnormalities. At a time when their survival is less linked to progression of liver disease, due to viral eradication on DAAs, cardiovascular morbidity and mortality may take a significant role.
Projected Field Similarity for Comparative Visualization of Multi‐Run Multi‐Field Time‐Varying Spatial Data
Authors: Fofonov A. , Linsen L. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe purpose of multi‐run simulations is often to capture the variability of the output with respect to different initial settings. Comparative analysis of multi‐run spatio‐temporal simulation data requires us to investigate the differences in the dynamics of the simulations' changes over time. To capture the changes and differences, aggregated statistical information may often be insufficient, and it is desirable to capture the local differences between spatial data fields at different times and between different runs. To calculate the pairwise similarity between data fields, we generalize the concept of isosurface similarity from individual surfaces to entire fields and propose efficient computation strategies. The described approach can be applied considering a single scalar field for all simulation runs or can be generalized to a similarity measure capturing all data fields of a multi‐field data set simultaneously. Given the field similarity, we use multi‐dimensional scaling approaches to visualize the similarity in two‐dimensional or three‐dimensional projected views as well as plotting one‐dimensional similarity projections over time. Each simulation run is depicted as a polyline within the similarity maps. The overall visual analysis concept can be applied using our proposed field similarity or any other existing measure for field similarity. We evaluate our measure in comparison to popular existing measures for different configurations and discuss their advantages and limitations. We apply them to generate similarity maps for real‐world data sets within the overall concept for comparative visualization of multi‐run spatio‐temporal data and discuss the results.
Origin and Development of Medical Museum in Padua
Authors: Zanatta Alberto , Zampieri Fabio 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe scientific museology began in Padua with the Museum of Natural Philosophy of Vallisneri. The purpose of this museum was to educate students and demonstrate what Vallisneri called “philosophical curiosity.” The Padua medical museology started with the anatomical museum of Morgagni in 1756. Morgagni planned the creation of a museum of anatomical and pathological specimens. The cabinets of obstetrics made by Calza in the 1760s was composed by a series of anatomic models in wax and clay, used for Calza's practical teaching to the pupils. These models represented the physiology and the pathology of the pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding. There are reports of a “pathological cabinet” in Padua from the early years of the XIX century: Caldani, Fanzago and Cortese collected pathological specimens in different part of the university. However, the final passage from Cabinet collection to pathological Museum took place in the early 1870s, thanks to Lodovico Brunetti.
What is hope?
Authors: Kwong Jack M. C. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAccording to the standard account, to hope for an outcome is to desire it and to believe that its realization is possible, though not inevitable. This account, however, faces certain difficulties: It cannot explain how people can display differing strengths in hope; it cannot distinguish hope from despair; and it cannot explain substantial hopes. This paper proposes an account of hope that can meet these deficiencies. Briefly, it argues that in addition to possessing the relevant belief–desire structure as allowed in the standard account, a hopeful person must also be able to see a way in which the desired outcome can come about and to see such a way to the outcome as a genuine possibility.