bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and determinants of tobacco use and oral sub mucous fibrosis in auto-rickshaw drivers at Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Singhal Aditya , Agrawal Pooja , Agrawal Vijender Kumar 
Published: March 2018

Background: Around 34.6% of Indian population consumes tobacco. The tobacco consumption is higher in some vulnerable population such as drivers, daily wage laborers, and policemen. Tobacco consumption is known to cause oral cancers, and screening for oral cancer in these individuals is known to reduce mortality from cancer. The study was designed to assess the determinants of tobacco use and the prevalence of oral precancerous lesions in auto-rickshaw drivers.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study among auto-rickshaw drivers at Bareilly (UP). A total of 450 auto-rickshaw drivers were enrolled in the study, of which 225 auto-rickshaw drivers were interviewed during morning hours and remaining half at night time using a semi-structured questionnaire. All were screened for oral cancer/precancerous lesions. Results: Nearly 64.44% of auto-rickshaw drivers were consuming tobacco in any form. Long working hours, working at night, and family members consuming tobacco were significant risk factors for tobacco use among auto-rickshaw drivers. 56 (19.31%) auto-rickshaw drivers were detected to have oral precancerous lesions. Conclusions: It was very evident that long hours of driving and infrequent shifts played a greater role in acquiring the habit. Behavioral counselling and new laws need to be formed to limit the working hours in drivers to have an effective tobacco control.
Propuesta de un sistema de clasificación visual de la madera por defectos admisibles para tres grados estructurales en Costa Rica
Authors: Rivera-Tenorio Monzerrath , Moya-Roque Roger 
Published: March 2018

<p>Se analizó el sistema<strong> </strong>de clasificación visual de la madera por defectos admisibles estructurales en Costa Rica. Se propuso incluir en la norma INTECO 06-07-03:2011 de Costa Rica un cuadro de evaluación visual de la madera aserrada por tres grados estructurales, según defectos admisibles. Se muestra su aplicabilidad en madera aserrada de <em>Cupressuss lusitanica</em> y <em>Alnus acuminata</em> y se compara la clasificación con los valores reales de módulo de elasticidad en flexión para los diferentes grados estructurales 1, 2 y 3. Se encontró que con la adición de los nuevos parámetros en la norma se puede tener una clasificación estructural próxima a los valores reales de módulo de elasticidad de la pieza de madera.</p>
Aplicación de métodos agregados en la detección de puntos atípicos en series de tiempo meteorológicas
Authors: Calvo-Valverde Luis Alexander , Acuña-Alpízar Nelson José 
Published: March 2018

<p>Para este trabajo de investigación, se estudió el desempeño de los métodos agregados en la detección de valores atípicos punto en series temporales uni-variables meteorológicas, utilizando la métrica F1 como medida de desempeño. Para esto se creó un programaque permite aplicar 3 clasificadores no agregados (regresión de soporte vectorial, ARIMA, redes bayesianas) y 3 clasificadores agregados (apilamiento, bagging y AdaBoost) a 3 conjuntos de datos de mediciones meteorológicas (precipitación, temperatura máxima y radiación solar).</p><p>Usando esta aplicación, se ejecutó un diseño experimental para comparar los clasificadores. En este diseño, primero se obtuvo el promedio de F1 de los clasificadores realizando múltiples pruebas en cada conjunto de datos. Luego, mediante una prueba estadística de hipótesis se compararon los promedios obtenidos por los clasificadores para determinar si las diferencias observadas eran significativas. Finalmente, se realizó un análisis de los resultados, enfocado en comparar el desempeño de los clasificadores agregados contra el desempeño del mejor clasificador no agregado en cada conjunto de datos.</p><p>En general se encontró que es posible mejorar significativamente el desempeño al detectar valores atípicos punto en algunas series temporales uni-variables utilizando métodos agregados. Sin embargo, para lograr esta mejora se deben reunir condiciones que, aunque varían dependiendo del método agregado, en general apuntan a mejorar la diversidad de los clasificadores base. Cuando no se reúnen estas condiciones, los métodos agregados no tuvieron una diferencia significativa en el desempeño con respecto al algoritmo no agregado que obtuvo el mejor desempeño en el conjunto de datos.</p>
The Potential for Surface Mining a Heavy-Oil Reservoir: The Example of the Ratqa Lower Fars in the State of Kuwait
Authors: AlKaaoud Hassan A. , Singh Bharat , Marston David , McQuaid James , Devon John , Preene Martin , Hornbrook John , Pope Gary 
Published: March 2018

SummarySurface mining of hydrocarbon deposits is not a new technique, but its application has been mainly limited to the excavation of oil sands in the Athabasca Basin of Alberta, Canada, where the mining method has proved to be commercially successful, although in a narrow set of geological and environmental conditions. This paper discusses the scope for a broader application of a surface-mining approach and builds on the results of a conceptual study that examined the possibility of surface mining the viscous crude oil of the Ratqa Lower Fars (RQLF) reservoir in northern Kuwait. The study findings indicate that a large rate of crude oil might be profitably and sustainably produced for many decades through a surface-mining approach.
Characterization of a Biopolymer Produced by Arthrobacter Viscosus CECT 908 for Application in Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Couto M. R. , Gudiña E. J. , Ferreira D. , Teixeira J. A. , Rodrigues L. R. , Soares L. P. , Ribeiro M. T. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Polymer-flooding is one of the most promising techniques used to increase the productivity of mature oil reservoirs. Polymers reduce the mobility ratio of the injected water relative to the crude oil, improving the displacement of the entrapped oil and, consequently, increasing oil recovery. Biopolymers such as xanthan gum have emerged as eco-friendly alternatives to the chemical polymers commonly used by the oil industry. However, in order to seek for more efficient biomolecules, alternative biopolymers must be studied. In the present work, the biopolymer produced by Arthrobacter viscosus CECT 908 was studied for the first time for a possible application in Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (MEOR). The rheological properties of this biopolymer were studied and compared with those of xanthan gum. The results demonstrated that the biopolymer produced by A. viscosus CECT 908 exhibited higher viscosity values (1207 ± 14 mPa.s at a concentration of 2.5 g/L, 40°C and a shear rate of 1.4 s−1) when compared with xanthan gum at the same conditions (281 ± 11 mPa.s). The structure of the biopolymer was not affected by high shear rates (up to 300 s−1), which is important for its application in enhanced oil recovery processes. Furthermore, it remained stable after exposure at high temperatures (up to 80°C) and salinities (up to 200 g NaCl/L), making it useful for application in a wide range of oil reservoirs. In sand-pack column assays performed using a heavy crude oil (η40°C= 167 mPa.s) this biopolymer allowed a higher additional oil recovery (25.7 ± 0.5%) when compared with xanthan gum (19.8 ± 1.2%) due to the achievement of a more favorable mobility ratio between the injected biopolymer solution and the crude oil, which resulted in a more uniform displacement front. The results herein obtained demonstrated, for the first time, that the biopolymer produced by A. viscosus CECT 908 is a promising agent for enhancing heavy oil recovery in high temperature and high salinity oil reservoirs.
Diseño de escenarios virtuales para problemas de optimización a través de geometría dinámica
Authors: Villamizar Araque Freddy Yesid , Rincón Leal Olga Lucy , Vergel Ortega Mawency 
Published: March 2018

El presente artículo tiene el objetivo de analizar la influencia del uso de tecnologías digitales, particularmente, de software de geometría dinámica, acompañado de una didáctica en la concepción y solución de problemas aplicados, en un enfoque de enseñanza activa, en temas de optimización. La metodología siguió un enfoque cualitativo, se desarrolló a partir de taller con profesores, en el cual se resolvieron problemas en el contexto de máximos y mínimos de forma analítica y dinámica mediante el software geogebra. Resultados señalan la necesidad de implementar secuencias didácticas que guíen al a la concepción de optimización, la herramienta motiva la fase de enseñanza al permitir la simulación, modifica heurísticas y formas de solucionar un problema. Conclusión: la tecnología digital es factor motivante en la enseñanza, permite la visualización de representaciones de objetos matemáticos de manera dinámica, ayuda a la conceptualización si y solo si se apoya de secuencias didácticas.
O profissional da educação na Constituição Brasileira
Authors: Ferreira Gilmar Soares 
Published: March 2018

O artigo mostra como as lacunas da legislação brasileira e as sucessivas gestões educacionais promovem de forma contínua a quebra de ações e o contingenciamento de recursos, e terminam por impedir o caminho rumo à qualidade social de nossa educação,que começa, principalmente, com investimento em pessoal e em sua profissionalização.
Implementação do PSPN e subsídio na Rede Estadual de Ensino de MG
Authors: Coelho Clayton Lúcio , Oliveira Rosimar de Fátima 
Published: March 2018

O artigo evidencia as mudanças no plano de carreira dos docentes da Rede Estadual de Ensino de Minas Gerais, a partir de 2010, com a implementação do subsídio, que alterou a forma de pagamento e a estrutura da carreira, em atendimento à legislação federal do Piso Salarial Profissional Nacional, a desvalorização da profissão com redução dos percentuais de movimentação, além do reposicionamento do servidor mais antigo ao início da carreira.
High Bond Durability of Universal Adhesives on Glass Ceramics Facilitated by Silane Pretreatment
Authors: Yao C , Yang H , Yu J , Zhang L , Zhu Y , Huang C 
Published: March 2018

SUMMARY

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the long-term effectiveness of ceramic–resin bonding with universal adhesives in non–silane-pretreated and silane-pretreated modes after 10,000 cycles of thermal aging.

Methods and Materials:
All Bond Universal, Adhese Universal, Clearfil Universal Bond, and Single Bond Universal were selected. Etched lithium disilicate glass ceramics were prepared, randomly assigned to groups, and pretreated with or without ceramic primer containing silane coupling agent prior to the application of universal adhesive (ie, silane-pretreated or non–silane-pretreated mode). The shear bond strength (SBS), microleakage, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy images of the ceramic–resin interfaces were examined after 24 hours of water storage or 10,000 thermal cycles. Light microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) were performed to analyze marginal sealing ability.

Results:
SBS and microleakage percentage were significantly affected by bonding procedure (non–silane-pretreated or silane-pretreated mode) and aging (24 hours or 10,000 thermal cycles). After the universal adhesives in the non–silane-pretreated mode were aged, SBS significantly decreased and microleakage percentage increased. By contrast, the SBS of Adhese Universal, Clearfil Universal Bond, and Single Bond Universal decreased, and the microleakage percentage of all of the adhesives increased in the silane-pretreated mode. However, after aging, the SBS of the silane-pretreated groups were higher and their microleakage percentages lower than those of the non–pretreated groups. In the non–silane-pretreated mode, adhesive failure was dominant and gaps between composite resin and the adhesive layer were significant when observed with CLSM.

Conclusions:
The simplified procedure reduced the ceramic–resin bonding effectiveness of universal adhesives after aging, and additional silane pretreatment helped improve the long-term durability.
The Possible Reader – How Can He Be ‘Possible’?
Authors: Xhindi Ermir , Xhindi Erjona 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
How can it be possible that the value of a critical instrument as a theoretical category is proved as valuable in practice? In reading cases, especially during the interpretation of fictional texts, this would be an attractive ideal, at least as a methodological premise. In this work, we represent some theses on the equivalence of the Possible Reader as a theoretical instrument, with the Empirical (real) Reader of fictional texts. We are focused on presenting a hybrid Eco (Umberto) - Fish (Stanley) Model (EFM), the relevant structure and its function, its validity in implementation. The Structuralist Model of Eco (Umberto) is seen in function of text constructing, while the Phenomenological Model of Fish (Stanley) is seen as an alternative to meaning issues, as a complementary entity with Eco’s model. What can be said, for now, is that not only in the ethical level, but also with concrete results, this method justifies itself. The meaning produced by the Possible Reader as a theoretical category appears almost in the same parameters with the meaning produced by a community of empirical readers. We should specify, at the end, that the model is in its experimental phase, as it will need more exhaustive theorizing in the future.
New Year’s Initiation Processions of Teenagers: The Case of “Young Gegides” of Emporio, Eordaia
Authors: Ioakeim Karepidis K. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The social coming of age is an issue in many - if not in all - cultures through the procedures of initiations. Such ceremonies have always existed since in the traditional societies the biological adulthood happens through the society - community. The fact that these ceremonies are old is proven through totem worships that have survived until today. Obviously in our era the conceptual core of these ceremonies has transformed since the adulthood is no longer a social issue but a legal one. So these processions have a new form adjusted to the social - historical and cultural circumstances. This article deals with this adjustment observing the ancient issue of initiation processions of teenagers (agermos) through a modern point of view. Specifically, with the excuse of the custom “Young Gegides” of Emporio, Eordaia, that takes place on New Year’s Day, the article studies the way that these processions happen now in this community, their functionality and the meaning that is attributed to them not only by those who take part but also by the community. It also studies the reasons - the triggering events that led through time to these changes and finally to the adjustments and the way that these innovations became assimilated in the local community.
The Significance of Place in Urban Governance: Mart 125 and the Politics of Community Development in Harlem, New York
Authors: Mchunu K. H. , Mbatha S. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe paper highlights the nexus between place and identity on the one hand, and urban entrepreneurialism on the other, which has become important nationally and internationally in recent decades. This refers to a form of urban governance that mixes together state with civil society and private interests to promote urban development. The city as a product of a common if perpetually changing and transitory urban life, “growth machines” or “urban regimes” play a significant role in the relationship between place and identity. This paper documents an instance of this relationship where the “growth machines” played themselves out in Harlem, New York City.
The Exploratory Study Experience: Developing as a Researcher
Authors: Alves Patrícia , Lima-Basto M. , Oliveira Célia Simão 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
This article presents the experience of the researcher during the exploratory study, within the scope of her research in a qualitative paradigm, using the Grounded Theory as a methodological approach, which aims to understand the process of nursing care to the end-of-life patient in the performing activity of living eating and drinking. While structuring the research project, it became important to explore the field of data collection (hospice care unit of a hospital in the Lisbon region) in order to achieve a contact with the reality (represented by the actors), allowing an overview and approximation of the phenomenon under study, the break with the investigator's prentices and the modification of these ideas as well as the construction of the researcher's acceptance by the actors (potential participants), and the decision making during the research course. The sharing of this experience as well as the critical reflections presented here, enabled the researcher to review the difficulties encountered and the strategies used to overcome them, to become aware of the lessons learned and to consolidate them. It is also hoped that the sharing of this experience will help other researchers in their path, allow them to perceive that the mishaps / difficulties of the course they are carrying out are common, that a lot of critical reflection is needed on this trajectory, eventually finding strategies for the problems they might face.
Disaster Risk Reduction for Earthquake Using Mobile Learning Application to Improve the Students Understanding in Elementary School
Authors: Winarni Endang Widi , Purwandari Endina Putri 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIndonesia is located in the ring of fire and frequently hit by tectonic earthquake. Education could be one of the strategic and effective efforts to reduce the earthquake risk. Therefore, there is a need to provide knowledge about the earthquake disaster mitigation, especially in elementary school, and to grow the "Safety Culture" in school. This paper focuses on how the integration of mobile learning application in elementary school could enhance the ability of disaster risk reduction especially for earthquake mitigation in Bengkulu, Indonesia. The type of research was Pre-Experimental Design with one-group pretest-posttest design. Data collection was a test of students' understanding of earthquake disaster mitigation that includes pre-disaster, disaster, and post disaster. The independent variable was learning to use mobile learning application. The dependent variable was students' understanding of earthquake disaster preparedness. The pre-test and post-test results show that the value of t (0.975) for two-tailed test on the distribution of student (t) dk is 58 and obtained t-table is 2,001 and the calculation t is -8.02; therefore, the null hypothesis is rejected. This implies that there is an influence of educational mobile application to the students for earthquake disaster mitigation. The experiment also shows that educational mobile application influences the students understanding about earthquake disaster preparedness. Thus, mobile learning application can be effective tools for earthquake education, because it displays the earthquake information in more interactive manner.
ECOTOURISM MANAGEMENT STRATEGY TO SUPPORT ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION IN MOKWAM AREA, MANOKWARI REGENCY, WEST PAPUA
Authors: Sapary Fina Elziana , Rai I Nyoman , Sunarta I Nyoman 
Published: March 2018

Mokwam Area is one of the ecotourism objects in Warmare District, Manokwari Regency, West Papua Province. Whilst, it has a wide variety of endemic flora and fauna, ecotourism of Mokwam is also rich in herbs used by indigenous Mokwam known as Arfak tribe. The aim of this study were: 1) to identify the potential of ecotourism in Mokwam Area, 2) to better understanding constraints in ecotourism management supporting environmental preservation in Mokwam Area, and 3) to determine the ecotourism management strategies in favor of Mokwam environmental preservation. Data collection techniques of this research were observation, interview and documentation. The collected data was analysed by using qualitative descriptive and SWOT analysis. The SWOT is used to frame ecotourism management strategy by identifying internal and external factors. The results shows that the ecotourim potential of Mokwam area is a beautiful natural scenery, as well as biodiversity of flora and fauna. The potential attracted endemic faunas of Mokwam ecotourism is a variety of Birds of Paradise (Burung Cenderawasih) which are Cenderawasih Raja (Western Parotia), Cenderawasih Bela Rotan (Magnificent Bird of Paradise), Cenderawasih Ekor Panjang (Arfak Astrapia), Cenderawasih Buff-tailed sicklebill, Cenderawasih Long-tailed paradigala, Cenderawasih Black Sicklebill, as well as Namdurpolos Clever Bird (Vogelkop Bowerbird). Several considerable constraints in managing Mokwam ecotourism considering the environmental conservation is shifting cultivation method implementing by Arfak tribe. This method would potentially exterminate the forest as a habitat of the endemic flora and fauna if there is an increase in population, hot mix road access to Mokwam areas has still not been available and lack of cooperation between villages in Mokwam Area. The strategies based conservation concept in managing Mokwam ecotourism are promoting Mokwam potential ecotourim to the outside audiences; preserving the local wisdom of igya ser hanjob in order to protect the forests which are the habitat of endemic flora and fauna; improving road access to Mokwam Area; conducting comparative studies to similar tourism objects; establishing effective cooperation with other available tourism objects around Mokwam Area; empowering Arfak community about ecotourism management so that the community competitiveness towards other ecotourism areas could potentially be realised.
Keywords: Ecotourism, biodiversity of flora and fauna, management strategy, local wisdom