bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between various types of corticosteroids and mortality for severe community-acquired pneumonia in adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Peng , Wan Jun , You Qiaoyu , Zheng Yuxin , Xu Wenhao , He Jialing , Peng Liyuan , Jorge Luis Cuyubamba Dominguez , Feng Yuning , Xu Ping , Li Xinrong , Chong Weelic , Hai Yang , Jia Lu , Fang Fang , Zhang Yu 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveThis study aims to conduct a systematic review and network meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of specific corticosteroids, including but not limited to hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone, prednisolone, and dexamethasone, in the treatment of severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP). Efficacy will be assessed using specific outcomes, such as 30-day mortality and the requirement for mechanical ventilation. Safety evaluations will include adverse events like gastrointestinal bleeding and healthcare-associated infections. The study seeks to address the gaps identified in the latest guidelines regarding the optimal use of different corticosteroid types and to provide recommendations for clinical practice.Data SourcesThis study conducted a comprehensive search of Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, covering the period from inception until 22 June 2023. Randomized clinical trials for corticosteroid use among adults with SCAP were collected.Study SelectionTwo researchers independently assessed study eligibility based on titles and abstracts, with any disagreements resolved through discussion or consultation with a third researcher.Data ExtractionTwo researchers independently collected and clarified study details, with a third researcher adjudicating in case of disputes.Data SynthesisThe data from 13 randomized clinical trials involving 2,495 patients, were analyzed using a random-effects model. Eleven trials were assessed as low risk, while two were assessed as high risk. Trials were rated as having low bias risk. Results, presented as risk ratios (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), indicated that hydrocortisone outperformed prednisolone (RR 0.35; 95% CI 0.10–0.94), methylprednisolone (RR 0.41; 95% CI 0.15–0.89), and placebo (RR 0.35; 95% CI 0.16–0.59) in reducing 30-day mortality. A rankogram plot suggested that hydrocortisone had the highest probability of being the most effective treatment for this outcome within the analyzed group.ConclusionIn this network meta-analysis, while hydrocortisone showed greater efficacy than prednisolone, methylprednisolone, and placebo in reducing 30-day mortality in patients with SCAP, further Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) are required to confirm these findings before drawing definitive conclusions.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=438389, identifier CRD42023438389.
Molecular targets and mechanisms of Sijunzi decoction in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease: evidence from network pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and experimental validation
Authors: Jiang Yang , Wu Wanfeng , Xie Le , Zhou Yue , Yang Kailin , Wu Dahua , Xu Wenfeng , Fang Rui , Ge Jinwen 
Published: November 2024

AimTo explore the molecular mechanism of Sijunzi Decoction (SJZD) in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD) through the application of network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations, complemented by experimental verification.MethodsThe BATMAN-TCM, GeneCards, and DisGeNet databases were searched to screen the active components and therapeutic targets of SJZD. Cytoscape (3.7.1) was used to create a network diagram of the components and targets. The STRING platform was used to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. The Bioconductor database and RX64 (4.0.0) software were used to conduct Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis on the core target genes. The binding sites and binding energies between SJZD active components and the target were analyzed by molecular docking and dynamic simulation. Finally, the therapeutic effect and mechanism of SJZD were verified by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and Western blotting (WB).ResultsThis research identified 188 active compounds in SJZD, 1568 drug targets, 2069 PD targets, and 451 intersection targets related to PD. According to network analysis, Adenosine Triphosphate, Tridecanoic Acid, Hexadecanoic Acid, Pentadecanoic Acid, and Adenosine were identified as the core components of SJZD in the treatment of PD. The five targets with the highest Degree values in the PPI network were AKT1, INS, TNF, IL-6, and TP53. The GO and KEGG enrichment analyses, in turn, determined that the administration of SJZD for the treatment of PD may engage processes such as xenobiotic stimulation and biological stimulus response. Furthermore, AGE-RAGE and cAMP signaling pathways related to diabetic complications may be involved. Molecular docking and kinetic simulations showed that IL-6 and AKT1 bind best to Adenosine. Experimental results showed that SJZD significantly reduced 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis of SH⁃SY5Y cells by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and regulating the expression of apoptosis factors such as Bcl⁃2 and Bax.ConclusionSJZD is essential in the processes of apoptosis and neuronal protection, acting through various components that target multiple pathways. Notably, the PI3K/AKT pathway is a verified SJZD-PD target, providing a reference for clinical precision drug use for PD.
Investigating the action model of the resistance enhancement induced by bacterial volatile organic compounds against Botrytis cinerea in tomato fruit
Authors: Chen Jianhua , Cao Kexin , Lu Xuan , Huang Ding , Ming Ruhong , Lu Rumei , Huang Rongshao , Li Liangbo 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionInducing natural resistance against pathogen infection in postharvest tomatoes is a sustainable strategy for reducing postharvest losses. The action model underlying the resistance enhancement of tomatoes induced by bacterial volatile organic compounds (VOCs) against Botrytis cinerea, however, have not been explored.MethodsIn this study, RNA-seq, metabolomics and physiological analysis were used to evaluate global change of defense response induced by VOCs in tomatoes.ResultsThe application of VOCs inhibited the damage to tomatoes caused by B. cinerea. VOCs treatment had remarkable beneficial effects on the activities of the main defence-related enzymes, including chitinases, glucanases, peroxidases, ascorbate peroxidases, polyphenol oxidases, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyases. The expression of response genes involved in salicylic acid and jasmonic acid biosynthesis and signalling pathways was enhanced upon VOCs treatment. Metabolomics data demonstrated that VOC treatment triggered the accumulation of phenolic acids, including substrates in phenolic acid biosynthesis pathways, hydroxycinnamic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, and their derivatives. Transcriptomics analysis and qRT-PCR verification revealed that VOCs treatment significantly upregulates the expression of core genes related to phenolic acid biosynthesis, specifically in shikimate pathway (SlDAHPS, SlSDH, SlCS, and SlADT3) and phenylalanine metabolic pathway (SlPAL, Sl4CL, SlBAHD1, SlCYP98A2 and SlCAP84A1).DiscussionResults confirmed that VOCs enhanced tomatoes postharvest resistance against B. cinerea by regulating defence enzyme activity, SA/JA signalling, and phenolic acid biosynthesis pathway. This study provides new insights into the mechanisms by which VOCs fumigation manages postharvest grey mould in tomatoes.
Parental rejection and internalizing/externalizing problems among left-behind children: the moderating role of interpersonal harmony in class
Authors: Liu Zixiao , Zhao Zizheng , Chen Huijing 
Published: November 2024

Background and objectivesLeft-behind children are characterized by prolonged separation from one or both parents, which exposes them to a constant lack of good parenting, leading to increased risk of internalizing and (or) externalizing problems. This study explored the effects of parental rejection on internalizing and externalizing problems, and examined the moderating role of interpersonal harmony in class.MethodsThe sample comprised 3,473 left-behind children (aged 6 ~ 15; 54.1% girls) in a rural area of southwest China. Self-reported measures including Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire, Class Interpersonal Harmony Questionnaire and Child Behavior Scale were administrated. Regression analysis was employed and Hayes PROCESS macro was utilized to test the moderation effect.ResultsThe analysis showed that parental rejection had a significant predictive effect on both internalizing problems (β = 0.33, p &lt; 0.001) and externalizing problems (β = 0.40, p &lt; 0.001) of the left-behind children. Teacher interpersonal climate (β = −0.05, p &lt; 0.001) and peer interpersonal climate (β = −0.04, p &lt; 0.01) significantly moderated the relationship between parental rejection and externalizing problems for children with both parents absence, but not for children with single parent absence.ConclusionBenign teacher interpersonal climate and peer interpersonal climate may buffer the detrimental effect of parental rejection on left-behind children’s externalizing problems.
The relation between humor styles and nurse burnout: a cross-sectional study in China
Authors: Fang Cuiyun , Fan Shuanghua , Chen Di , Zhou Yuan , Fan Wei 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundNurse burnout is a prevalent issue in healthcare, impacting both nurses’ well-being and patient care quality. This cross-sectional study examined the association between humor styles and nurse burnout.MethodsA total of 244 nurses in China completed an online self-report measure to assess their humor styles and burnout levels using the Humor Styles Questionnaire (HSQ) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). Spearman correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis were conducted.ResultsThe results showed that affiliative and self-enhancing humor were moderately used, while aggressive and self-defeating humor were rated low among the nurses. Emotional exhaustion was moderate, depersonalization was severe, and personal accomplishment was low. Correlation analyses uncovered significant relationships between humor styles and burnout dimensions. Self-enhancing humor exhibited negative correlations with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, while aggressive and self-defeating humor styles displayed positive correlations with these burnout factors. Affiliative humor was also negatively correlated with depersonalization. Additionally, self-enhancing humor was positively correlated with personal accomplishment, whereas aggressive humor showed negative correlations with this dimension of burnout. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that self-defeating humor positively predicted emotional exhaustion while self-enhancing humor negatively predicted it. Aggressive humor positively predicted depersonalization, and affiliative and self-enhancing humor also positively predicted this dimension of burnout. Self-enhancing humor positively predicted personal accomplishment, while aggressive and self-defeating humor negatively predicted this dimension.ConclusionThe findings highlighted the importance of considering different types of humor in understanding the various dimensions of nurse burnout. The use of self-defeating and aggressive humor appears detrimental, while the use of self-enhancing humor may be beneficial in mitigating burnout among nurses.
Финансовая политика компании в условиях информационной асимметрии, гибкости и государственного управления
Authors: С.И. Луценко 
Published: November 2024

Автор рассматривает влияние информационной асимметрии, финансовой гибкости и эффективности государственного управления на политику компании в области привлечения капитала. Информационная асимметрия является определителем оценки цены заемного капитала. Финансовая гибкость позволяет компании принимать решения при отборе инвестиционных проектов, а также оценивать влияние внешних негативных факторов (в частности, санкций на отрасли экономики, роста ключевой ставки Банка России) на финансовую устойчивость публичных российских компаний. Эффективность государственного управления отражает качество закона, влияя на поведение инвесторов. Российские публичные компании в условиях жесткой денежно-кредитной политики будут сберегать часть денежных средств (через нераспределенную прибыль) для последующего финансирования своих инвестиций, действуя в логике предупредительного мотива.
The author examines the impact of information asymmetry, financial flexibility and efficiency of public administration on the company's policy in the field of capital raising. Information asymmetry is a determinant of the valuation of the cost of borrowed capital. Financial flexibility allows the company to make decisions when selecting investment projects, as well as to assess the impact of external negative factors (in particular, sanctions on economic sectors, an increase in the key rate of the Bank of Russia) on the financial stability of public Russian companies. The effectiveness of public administration reflects the quality of the law, influencing the behavior of investors. Russian public companies will save part of their funds (through retained earnings) for subsequent financing of their investments, acting in the logic of a precautionary motive in conditions of tight monetary policy.
Mengubah Bencana Alam Lumpur Lapindo Menjadi Energi Terbarukan Sebagai Bahan Bakar Transportasi Ramah Lingkungan
Authors: Nurhalizah Aisyah 
Published: November 2024

Bencana alam nasional, seperti semburan lumpur Lapindo di Sidoarjo pada tahun 2006, memiliki dampak serius terhadap populasi dan ekonomi Indonesia. Bencana alam yang sulit dihindari ini, ternyata menyimpan harta karun berupa kandungan mineral kritis Lithium dan Stronsium yang berfungsi menjadi bahan baku pembuatan baterai kendaraan listrik yang saat ini banyak dicari-cari oleh berbagai negara. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dengan mengkaji seluruh peraturan perundang-undangan serta aturan-aturan yang mengikat yang terkait dengan permasalahan hukum yang sedang diteliti. Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa telah adanya pengaturan mengenai pertanggungjawaban korporasi sebagaimana yang tercantum dalam Pasal 46 UU KUHP, hal ini sama seperti sistem hukum Inggris dalam pertanggungjawaban pidana terhadap korporasi, dimana korporasi dapat dipidana berdasarkan vicarious liability ditambah dengan doktrin identification. Serta ditemukannya kandungan mineral lithium pada lumpur lapindo yang berpotensi sebagai energi terbarukan untuk menciptakan transportasi ramah lingkungan guna mengurangi emisi gas rumah kaca serta mendukung cita-cita pemerintah dalam membangun Ibu Kota Nusantara menjadi kota hutan, smart city, kota modern, dan berkelanjutan, serta memiliki standar internasional.
Kata Kunci: Lithium, Stronsium, Baterai, Vicarious, Liability.
Demonstration of UV-A stimulated emission from optical pumping with a nano-porous cladding layer
Authors: Yao Yifan , Inatome Toru , Aljarboua Ibraheem , Bi Hanyu , Didziulis Julia , Iza Michael , de Vries Mattanjah , Nakamura Shuji , Almogbel Abdullah , DenBaars Steven P. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We report a room-temperature ultraviolet-A (UV-A) stimulated emission from a multiple-quantum-well laser diode featuring a nano-porous bottom cladding layer on the GaN substrate. For a 1500×15 μm ridge-type edge-emitting laser, we achieved a 372.8 nm emission under optical pumping, with a full-width-half-maximum (FWHM) of less than 2 nm and a threshold optical pumping power density of less than 1.2 MW cm−2. The integration of a nano-porous cladding layer effectively minimizes lattice mismatch, enhances confinement factor, and maintains electrical conductivity. This demonstration expands the potential for developing high-performance UV laser diodes on GaN substrates, overcoming limitations previously imposed by critical thickness contrasts.
Pengaruh Model Kooperatif Tipe Kancing Gemerincing (Jingle Button) terhadap Keterampilan Berbicara dan Hasil Belajar Kimia Siswa SMA
Authors: Romundza Febbry , Hariyanto Hariyanto , Sanova Aulia 
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas model kooperatif tipe kancing gemerincing (jingle button) dalam meningkatkan keterampilan berbicara dan hasil belajar kimia siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi-experimental dengan dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok eksperimen yang diajar menggunakan model kooperatif kancing gemerincing dan kelompok kontrol dengan metode ekspositori. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji-t dan analisis deskriptif untuk menguji perbedaan antara kelompok eksperimen dan kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa di kelas eksperimen mengalami peningkatan signifikan dalam keterampilan berbicara, dengan rata-rata nilai mencapai 66,3%, dibandingkan dengan kelas kontrol yang hanya 59,4%. Nilai posttest hasil belajar kognitif di kelas eksperimen juga lebih tinggi (85,29) dibandingkan dengan kelas kontrol (72,93), dan ketuntasan belajar klasikal di kelas eksperimen mencapai 96,7% dibandingkan dengan 48,5% di kelas kontrol. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa model kooperatif kancing gemerincing efektif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan berbicara siswa dan pemahaman konsep kimia yang abstrak, sehingga model ini dapat menjadi strategi pembelajaran yang berguna untuk meningkatkan partisipasi aktif siswa dan kualitas pemahaman mereka dalam materi kimia.
The Effect of the Cooperative Learning Model Jingle Button on High School Students' Speaking Skills and Chemistry Learning Outcomes
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Jingle Button cooperative learning model in enhancing students' speaking skills and chemistry learning outcomes. This research employed a quasi-experimental design with two groups: an experimental group taught using the Jingle Button model and a control group taught using the expository method. Data analysis was conducted using t-tests and descriptive analysis to assess differences between the experimental and control groups. The findings show that students in the experimental group experienced a significant increase in speaking skills, with an average score of 66.3%, compared to 59.4% in the control group. The post-test cognitive learning outcomes in the experimental group were also higher (85.29) than in the control group (72.93), with the experimental group achieving a class-wide learning mastery of 96.7% compared to 48.5% in the control group. These findings indicate that the Jingle Button cooperative model is effective in enhancing students’ speaking skills and understanding of abstract chemistry concepts, making this model a useful teaching strategy for improving active participation and the quality of students’ understanding in chemistry.
Efektivitas Model Collaborative Problem Solving (CPS) dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Pemecahan Masalah pada Materi Termodinamika
Authors: Safitri Risma Ika , Wati Mustika , Mahtari Saiyidah 
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas model Collaborative Problem Solving (CPS) dalam meningkatkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah (KPM) pada siswa kelas XI dalam materi termodinamika. Melalui pendekatan kuasi-eksperimen dengan desain one-group pre-test post-test, penelitian ini melibatkan 24 siswa yang dipilih menggunakan teknik convenience sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa tes esai dengan beberapa indikator KPM, meliputi memahami masalah, merencanakan solusi, melaksanakan solusi, dan mengevaluasi hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan pada semua aspek KPM, dengan nilai N-gain rata-rata sebesar 0,75 yang berada pada kategori tinggi. Selain itu, CPS juga terbukti meningkatkan keterampilan sosial siswa, seperti tanggung jawab, kerjasama, komunikasi, dan keaktifan, berdasarkan hasil penilaian peer assessment. Berdasarkan hasil ini, CPS disarankan untuk diterapkan pada topik-topik sains lainnya yang memiliki kompleksitas serupa. Temuan ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya CPS sebagai metode pembelajaran yang efektif dalam mengembangkan keterampilan abad ke-21, khususnya dalam bidang pemecahan masalah dan kolaborasi.
The Effectiveness of the Collaborative Problem Solving (CPS) Model in Enhancing Problem-Solving Skills in Thermodynamics
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Collaborative Problem Solving (CPS) model in enhancing problem-solving skills (PSS) in 11th-grade students studying thermodynamics. Using a quasi-experimental approach with a one-group pre-test post-test design, the study involved 24 students selected through convenience sampling. The research instrument consisted of essay tests with various PSS indicators, including understanding the problem, planning solutions, executing solutions, and evaluating results. The findings indicate a significant improvement across all PSS aspects, with an average N-gain of 0.75, categorized as high. CPS also enhanced students' social skills, such as responsibility, cooperation, communication, and engagement, as evidenced by peer assessment results. Based on these findings, CPS is recommended for use in other science topics with similar complexity. These results emphasize CPS as an effective instructional method for developing 21st-century skills, particularly in problem-solving and collaboration.