bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moderation of a foodservice assessment artefact in nutrition and dietetics programs
Authors: Porter Judi , Beck Eleanor , Gallegos Danielle , Palermo Claire , Walton Karen , Yaxley Alison , Volders Evelyn , Wray Amanda , Hannan‐Jones Mary 
Published: October 2018

AimFoodservice is a key component of dietetics education and practice internationally yet benchmarks for competency are limited. This study sought to review and moderate an assessment artefact of foodservice work integrated learning (WIL) to develop a shared understanding of one tool which may be used in a suite of evidence to demonstrate competence.MethodsThe foodservice curricula and assessment artefacts were described for the foodservice program at each of four participating universities. An assessment artefact from WIL, the report, was identified as an indicator of foodservice competence common to each program. Each university provided four purposively sampled WIL reports, assessed in duplicate by two academics from other participating universities using the corresponding university assessment rubric. Collated assessment results, along with the original assessment, were presented back to assessors. A semi‐structured group discussion explored variations in assessment results, factors influencing decisions, and potential changes needed for assessment documentation.ResultsThere was variation in assessment outcomes between independent assessors. In some instances assessors did not consistently deliver the same assessment outcome, nor rank students in sequential order of performance. This variation was less where an absolute ranking of satisfactory/unsatisfactory was applied. The assessor discussion revealed three key concepts: importance of understanding the project scope; challenges which influence assessment decision making; importance of understanding the broader program of assessment.ConclusionsAssessment inconsistencies emphasise the importance of multiple assessors and assessment artefacts across a programmatic assessment model, and the need for a clear understanding of competence in nutrition and dietetics.
Anti‐tumor necrosis factor biosimilars and intended copies in rheumatology: Perspective from the Asia Pacific region
Authors: Rath Prasan Deep , Chen Der‐Yuan , Gu Jieruo , Lee Vivian W. Y. , Al Ani Nizar Abdulateef , Shirazy Khalid , Llamado Lyndon 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAlthough anti‐tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents have greatly improved the management of rheumatic diseases, their cost limits access to many patients throughout the world. As a result, patients and clinicians have turned to biosimilars to provide similar efficacy at a lower cost. Many of the regulatory guidelines in the Asia Pacific region are largely based on those of the European Medicines Agency and the World Health Organization; however, there are variations between countries. Additionally, in some countries, intended copies are available that were approved prior to the development of guidelines and have not fulfilled the requirements of a biosimilar. We review the various regulatory requirements for biosimilars in the Asia Pacific region, the anti‐TNF biosimilars and intended copies approved in the region, and whether clinical data are available for these agents. We discuss concerns about the need for additional regulations and education, and we provide recommendations for a multidisciplinary pharmacovigilance approach that closely monitors the safety of biosimilar use.
2018 Academic Emergency Medicine Consensus Conference: A Workforce Development Research Agenda for Pediatric Care in the Emergency Department
Authors: Merritt Chris , Dietrich Ann M. , Bogie Amanda L. , Wu Fred , Khanna Kajal , Ballasiotes Mary Kay , Gerardi Michael , Ishimine Paul T. , Denninghoff Kurt R. , Saidinejad Mohsen 
Published: October 2018

AbstractEach year, more than 30 million children visit U.S. emergency departments (EDs). Although the number of pediatric emergency medicine specialists continues to rise, the vast majority of children are cared for in general EDs outside of children's hospitals. The diverse workforce of care providers for children must possess the knowledge, experience, skills, and systemic support necessary to deliver excellent pediatric emergency care. There is a crucial need to understand the factors that drive the professional development and support systems of this diverse workforce. Through the iterative process culminating with the 2018 Academic Emergency Medicine consensus conference, we have identified five key research themes and prioritized a specific research agenda. These themes represent critical gaps in our understanding of the development and maintenance of the pediatric emergency care workforce and allow for a prioritization of future research efforts. Only by more fully understanding the gaps in workforce needs, and the necessary steps to address these gaps, can outcomes be optimized for children in need of emergency care.
Impacts of fisheries on elasmobranch reproduction: high rates of abortion and subsequent maternal mortality in the shortnose guitarfish
Authors: Wosnick N. , Awruch C. A. , Adams K. R. , Gutierre S. M. M. , Bornatowski H. , Prado A. C. , Freire C. A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe fate of bycatch species released back into the water is crucial to estimate population status and consequent decisions to implement adequate management measurements for elasmobranchs. The shortnose guitarfish, Zapteryx brevirostris, is an endemic species of the Southwest Atlantic. It is currently listed as ‘Vulnerable’ both in the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Brazilian red lists. Although this species displays high tolerance to capture and transportation by fishers from the capture site to the fish market, a significant reduction in survival rates is observed during the reproductive period. Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine post‐capture and post‐commercial transportation consequences in pregnant females obtained as bycatch from artisanal fisheries in Southern Brazil. Results showed high abortion rates and reduced maternal survival after abortion, with all abortions occurring within 28 h of monitoring in laboratory. Stress plasma markers were also evaluated, to determine the physiological consequences of capture‐induced parturition to pregnant females. Results showed alteration in all markers measured (plasma urea, pH, lactate, phosphorus, and potassium) with values for dead pregnant females being different from non‐pregnant females and those which survived capture and subsequent abortions. The mortality caused by fisheries bycatch may prove difficult to manage, with immediate release and specific handling protocols for pregnant females implemented through environmental education environmental education and fishermen training programs, potential options to maintain adequate maternal survival and recruitment for this species.
Health professionals’ roles and practices in supporting women experiencing miscarriage: A qualitative study
Authors: Jensen Kirsten L.B. , Temple‐Smith Meredith J. , Bilardi Jade E. 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundMiscarriage can result in significant psychological morbidity. Research suggests health professionals play a role in shaping women's experience of miscarriage.AimsThis study explored the views and practices of Australian health professionals in caring for women experiencing miscarriage.Materials and MethodsTwelve health professionals from disciplines including medicine, midwifery and sonography were purposively sampled. Semi‐structured interviews were recorded, transcribed and subjected to thematic analysis.ResultsParticipants acknowledged miscarriage is often a distressing event associated with feelings of grief and failure. They believed women who conceived through in vitro fertilisation, had experienced multiple miscarriages, or had a pre‐existing mental illness were likely to experience more distress than others. Despite limited training, participants generally felt competent in their abilities to provide emotional support. They viewed their role largely as guilt‐mitigation, which they achieved by stressing the frequency of miscarriage and emphasising that women were not at fault. Follow‐up practices varied, and where they did occur, focused on physical recovery. Generally, participants relied on women to express the need for further support. Participants reported that time and resource issues, compassion fatigue and a need for self‐protection restricted their abilities to provide better support care.ConclusionsThere are discrepancies between the emotional support health professionals think women want and are able to provide, and the support women would like. This exploratory study suggests the need for further investigation into provision of improved health professional support for women.
Lost in Aggregation: Improving Event Analysis with Report‐Level Data
Authors: Cook Scott J. , Weidmann Nils B. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMost measures of social conflict processes are derived from primary and secondary source reports. In many cases, reports are used to create event‐level data sets by aggregating information from multiple, and often conflicting, reports to single event observations. We argue that this pre‐aggregation is less innocuous than it seems, costing applied researchers opportunities for improved inference. First, researchers cannot evaluate the consequences of different methods of report aggregation. Second, aggregation discards report‐level information (i.e., variation across reports) that is useful in addressing measurement error inherent in event data. Therefore, we advocate that data should be supplied and analyzed at the report level. We demonstrate the consequences of using aggregated event data as a predictor or outcome variable, and how analysis can be improved using report‐level information directly. These gains are demonstrated with simulated‐data experiments and in the analysis of real‐world data, using the newly available Mass Mobilization in Autocracies Database (MMAD).
Increased maternal abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness and body mass index are associated with increased cesarean delivery: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Eley Victoria , Sekar Renuka , Chin Adrian , Donovan Timothy , Krepska Amy , Lawrence Mitchell , Bell Sheridan , McGrath Shaun , Robinson Alexander , Webb Lachlan , Marquart Louise 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIntroductionEarly pregnancy body mass index (BMI) is known to predict adverse pregnancy outcomes but does not account for body fat distribution. This study aimed to determine prospectively whether maternal abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness (SCFT) measured by ultrasound at the fetal morphology scan is a better predictor than BMI of mode of delivery and other pregnancy outcomes.Material and methodsThis was a prospective cohort study of women delivering singleton neonates at a tertiary public hospital. Women were included if they had appropriate images at the routine fetal anomaly ultrasound scan and delivered in the facility. The primary outcome was mode of delivery categorized as cesarean section or vaginal delivery. The relation between maternal SCFT and BMI was described using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The association of maternal abdominal SCFT BMI at booking‐in was compared with pregnancy outcomes using univariate linear and logistic regression.ResultsSCFT and BMI were obtained for 997 women. The median (interquartile range) SCFT was 15.3 mm (12.8‐19.6) and median (interquartile range) BMI 24.3 kg/m2 (21.7‐28.3). Maternal abdominal SCFT and BMI were highly correlated (R2 = 0.55). Both were significantly associated with cesarean delivery: SCFT per 5 mm (odds ratio [OR] 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18‐1.48; BMI per 5 kg/m2 OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.15‐1.44.ConclusionsMaternal abdominal SCFT and BMI were both significantly associated with cesarean delivery and other outcomes. More research is needed to define the strengths of maternal SCFT in predicting pregnancy outcomes.
Adjuvant 17‐hydroxyprogesterone caproate in women with history‐indicated cerclage: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Eke Ahizechukwu C. , Sheffield Jeanne , Graham Ernest M. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe purpose of this study was to evaluate whether there are additional benefits of 17‐hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17‐OHPC) supplementation in preventing recurrent spontaneous preterm birth in women with a prophylactic cerclage.Material and methodsElectronic databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, PROSPERO, EMBASE, Scielo and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) were searched for studies published before June 2018. Keywords included “preterm birth”, “prophylactic cerclage”, “history‐indicated cerclage”, “pregnancy” and “17‐hydroxyprogesterone caproate”. Studies comparing history‐indicated cerclage alone with cerclage+17‐OHPC were included. The primary outcome measure was preterm birth at <24 weeks of gestation. Secondary outcome measures include preterm birth at <28 weeks, <32 weeks and <37 weeks of gestation, respiratory distress syndrome, necrotizing enterocolitis, fetal birthweight, neonatal intensive care unit stay, mean gestational age at delivery, fetal/neonatal death, neurological morbidity (intraventricular hemorrhage plus periventricular leukomalacia), neonatal sepsis and a composite of severe neonatal morbidity. Severe neonatal morbidity was defined as a composite measure of periventricular leukomalacia, intraventricular hemorrhage (grades III and IV), necrotizing enterocolitis or respiratory distress syndrome. Meta‐analysis was performed using the random‐effects model of DerSimonian and Laird. Risk of bias and quality assessment were performed using the ROBINS‐I and GRADE tools, respectively. PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42018094559.ResultsFive studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis. Of the 546 women, 357 (75%) received history‐indicated cerclage alone and 189 (35%) received adjuvant 17‐OHPC. The composite endpoint, severe neonatal morbidity, was present in 84 of 1515 neonates. Though there was a trend toward a reduced risk of preterm birth, the summary estimate of effect was not statistically significant when comparing cerclage alone with cerclage+17‐OHPC at <24 weeks (relative risk [RR] .86, 95% confidence interval [CI] .45‐1.65). Similarly, we found no differences in preterm birth at <37 weeks (RR .90, 95% CI .70‐1.17) and <28 weeks (RR .85, 95% CI .54‐1.32) when comparing cerclage alone with cerclage+17‐OHPC. There were no differences in fetal birthweight, respiratory distress syndrome or necrotizing enterocolitis comparing cerclage alone with cerclage+17‐OHPC.ConclusionsIntramuscular 17‐OHPC in combination with prophylactic cerclage in women with prior preterm birth had no synergistic effect in reducing spontaneous recurrent preterm birth or improving perinatal outcomes.
Higher menopausal age but no differences in parity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome compared with controls
Authors: Forslund Maria , Landin‐Wilhelmsen Kerstin , Schmidt Johanna , Brännström Mats , Trimpou Penelope , Dahlgren Eva 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIntroductionTo address the question of whether women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) reach menopause later than age‐matched controls, we conducted a follow‐up cohort study of women with well‐characterized PCOS that was diagnosed 24 years ago. The hypothesis was that women with PCOS would reach menopause later than non‐PCOS women. Parity during these 24 years was also studied.Material and methodsTwenty‐seven women diagnosed with PCOS in 1992 (mean age 29.5 years) were re‐examined in 2016 (mean age 52.4 years). Randomly selected women, n = 94 (mean age 52.4 years), from the same geographic area included in the World Health Organization MONICA study, Gothenburg, Sweden, served as controls.ResultsThe mean menopausal age in women with PCOS was higher than in controls (53.3 ± 2.2 years vs 49.3 ± 3.5 years, P < 0.01). Serum‐follicle stimulating hormone levels were lower in the PCOS women than in controls (31.0 ± 28.1 IU/L vs 52.3 ± 37.7 IU/L, P = 0.01). There was no difference in parity between women with PCOS (1.9 ± 1.3 children, range 0‐4) and controls (1.7 ± 1.0, range 0‐4 children).ConclusionsWomen with PCOS reached menopause 4 years later and had lower serum‐follicle stimulating hormone compared with age‐matched controls. Neither parity nor nulliparity differed between women with PCOS and controls.
Seselin ameliorates inflammation via targeting Jak2 to suppress the proinflammatory phenotype of macrophages
Authors: Feng Lili , Sun Yi , Song Pingping , Xu Lisha , Wu Xingxin , Wu Xuefeng , Shen Yan , Sun Yang , Kong Lingdong , Wu Xudong , Xu Qiang 
Published: October 2018

Background and PurposeSepsis is a serious clinical condition with a high mortality rate. Anti inflammatory agents have been found to be beneficial for the treatment of sepsis. Here, we have evaluated the anti‐inflammatory activity of seselin in models of sepsis and investigated the underlying molecular mechanism(s).Experimental ApproachIn vivo therapeutic effects of seselin was evaluated in two models of sepsis, caecal ligation and puncture or injection of LPS, in C57BL/6 mice. In vitro, anti‐inflammatory activity of seselin was assessed with macrophages stimulated with LPS and IFN‐γ. Anti inflammatory actions were analysed with immunohistochemical methods, ELISA and Western blotting. Flow cytometry was used to assess markers of macrophage phenotype (pro‐ or anti‐inflammatory). Other methods used included co‐immunoprecipitation, cellular thermal shift assay and molecular docking.Key ResultsIn vivo, seselin clearly ameliorated sepsis induced by caecal ligation and puncture. In lung tissue from septic mice and in cultured macrophages, seselin down‐regulated levels of proinflammatory factors and activity of STAT1 and p65, the master signal pathway molecules for polarization of macrophages into the proinflammatory phenotype. Importantly, adoptive transfer of bone marrow‐derived macrophages, pretreated with seselin, lowered systemic proinflammatory factors in mice challenged with LPS. The underlying mechanism was that seselin targeted Jak2 to block interaction with IFNγ receptors and downstream STAT1.Conclusions and ImplicationsSeselin exhibited anti‐inflammatory activity through its action on Jak2. These results indicated a possible application of seselin to the treatment of inflammatory disease via blocking the development of the proinflammatory phenotype of macrophages.
Diverse Experience of Immigrant Children: How Do Separation and Reunification Shape Their Development?
Authors: Lu Yao , He Qian , Brooks‐Gunn Jeanne 
Published: October 2018

Although many immigrant children to the United States arrive with their parents, a notable proportion are first separated and later reunited with their parents. How do the experiences of separation and reunification shape the well‐being of immigrant children? Data were from a national survey of legal adult immigrants and their families, the New Immigrant Survey from 2003 to 2004 (for academic achievement, age 6–12, N = 876; for psychosocial well‐being, age 6–17, N = 1,084). Results indicated that immigrant children who were once separated from their parents exhibited poorer literacy and higher risk of emotional and behavioral problems than those who migrated with parents. A protracted period of separation and previous undocumented status of parents amplified the disadvantages experienced by these children.
Pre‐liver transplant renal dysfunction and association with post‐transplant end‐stage renal disease: A single‐center examination of updated UNOS recommendations
Authors: Chauhan Kinsuk , Azzi Yorg , Faddoul Geovani , Liriano‐Ward Luz , Chang Paul , Nadkarni Girish , Delaney Veronica , Ames Scott , Debnath Neha , Singh Nandita , Sehgal Vinita , Di Boccardo Graciela , Garzon Felipe , Nair Vinay , Kent Rebecca , Lerner Susan , Coca Steven , Shapiro Ron , Florman Sander , Schiano Thomas , Menon Madhav C. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSimultaneous liver‐kidney allocation protocols allocate dual organs based on a sustained eGFR of 30 mL/min or less. A 2017‐UNOS update includes CKD3 as dual organ candidates but only when the listing eGFR is <30 mL/min while recommending a "safety net" for prioritized kidney listing post‐LT. We retrospectively reviewed adult LTs examine whether the UNOS proposal captured the LT population at highest risk for developing post‐LT ESRD. Among 290 LT recipients, 67 had pre‐LT CKD3, 141 had AKI, of whom 47 required dialysis (<4 weeks). During follow‐up, 25 (8.62%) developed ESRD, while 70 (24.1%) died. In adjusted Cox models, CKD3 had an independent association with post‐LT ESRD (adjusted HR 4.8; P = 0.001), independent of AKI. Interestingly, CKD3 with listing GFR >30 mL/min was still significantly associated with post‐LT ESRD. AKI was associated with reduced post‐LT survival (adjusted HR 1.9; P = 0.02), albeit only in the first‐year post‐LT. Severe AKI‐D was associated with post‐LT ESRD and mortality. The safety net would have captured only 60% of all post‐LT ESRD cases in our cohort. Pre‐LT CKD3 was associated with increased risk of post‐LT ESRD above the recommended cutoff for listing GFR. These findings, if generalizable in larger cohorts have important implications for dual organ allocation.
Value of contrast‐enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography with enhancement pattern for diagnosis of pancreatic cancer: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Yamashita Yasunobu , Shimokawa Toshio , Napoléon Bertrand , Fusaroli Pietro , Gincul Rodica , Kudo Masatoshi , Kitano Masayuki 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundCurrent imaging modalities are limited in their ability to distinguish pancreatic cancer (PC) from non‐neoplastic pancreatic lesions. The diagnostic use of contrast‐enhanced endoscopic ultrasonography (CE‐EUS) has increased, and its utility has been reported. Recently, contrast‐enhanced harmonic EUS (CH‐EUS) was reported to facilitate imaging of parenchymal perfusion and microvessels in pancreatobiliary diseases, leading to a high diagnostic accuracy for PC. The present meta‐analysis aims to investigate the usefulness of CH‐EUS with enhancement pattern for PC diagnosis.MethodsA systematic meta‐analysis of all potentially relevant articles identified in PubMed, the Cochrane library, and Medline was carried out. Fixed‐effects or random‐effects models were used to investigate pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsThe study enrolled 887 patients from nine eligible studies. Pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity were 93% (95% CI, 0.91–0.95) and 80% (95% CI, 0.75–0.85), respectively. Subgroup analyses were carried out on the main results after excluding two outliers. Area under summary receiver operating characteristics curve was 0.97. No publication bias was found using funnel plots. No significant relationship was found between the diagnostic odds ratios and the characteristics of the studies including continent and contrast agent.ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis showed that CH‐EUS with qualitative analysis of enhancement pattern is useful for the diagnosis of PC, and has high sensitivity and accuracy, regardless of the type of contrast agent used. This modality may provide improved diagnostic accuracy for PC in clinical practice.