bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Importancia de las prácticas pre profesionales para los estudiantes de Educación Superior en la Universidad de Guayaquil
Authors: Guarnizo Crespo Steve Freddy 
Published: March 2019

En el Ecuador en los diversos anuncios publicitarios para búsqueda de futuros candidatos, en el mejor de los casos piden experiencia laboral, lo cual limita a la oportunidad de trabajo de estos posibles candidatos, en concordancia con el párrafo anterior, las incógnitas se responden solas ante esa situación, “no estoy preparado”.
Se puede entonces entender que gran cantidad de los estudiantes de la IES, son personas que en unos casos tienen poca o ninguna experiencia laboral, por lo que las practicas pre profesionales sería un aporte medular para la inserción de los estudiantes al mercado laboral, teniendo como resultado una consolidación entre la academia y la práctica laboral real.
Muchas empresas por otro lado, no comprenden este sentido de la práctica pre profesional, es importante un acercamiento por parte de las IES, para socializar el espíritu del desarrollo de la práctica pre profesional, darles a conocer lo que realmente se busca con esta actividad académica, el desconocimiento de esta finalidad por parte de los empresarios, se ve muchas veces reflejado en las actividades o tareas que se le encomienda al estudiante al realizar o ejecutar la práctica, tareas de poca importancia, que no ayudan a desarrollar lo aprendido en su formación académica.
Reactivación Económica Ecuatoriana: ¿impacta al sector productivo en el primer semestre del año 2018?
Authors: Balás Juan Emilio , Aquino Onofre Irma Angélica , Cedeño Velasco Alexander Pavel , Basantes Valverde Williams Marcelo 
Published: March 2019

Esta contribución trata sobre el impacto que ha tenido la ley de reactivación económica propuesta por el gobierno de Lenin Moreno en las empresas ecuatorianas con corte al primer semestre del año 2018. Se inicia revisando bases teóricas sobre definición de tributos, consecuencias y comportamiento del déficit fiscal, análisis de los rubros del presupuesto general del Estado, incentivos, comportamiento de la inversión nacional – extranjera, dinero electrónico y las últimas reformas tributarias del gobierno anterior. En los aspectos metodológicos se aplica la técnica del panel de expertos para obtener sus criterios y experiencia profesional en la temática planteada, se escogió trabajar con el sector ganadero, bancario, seguros, productivo, transporte y hotelero, los temas a indagar fueron divididos en tres bloques tratando de exoneración del impuesto a la renta, manejo de plusvalía, dinero electrónico, deuda con el Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social, refinanciación de deuda externa, tratados bilaterales, crecimiento de la economía, destino del petróleo y reactivación económica. Con las respuestas de los mismos se plantean reflexiones en la discusión y se determinan las conclusiones.
Palabras Clave: Reactivación económica 2018, impacto, sector productivo ecuatoriano.
El liderazgo transformacional y la motivación hacia el ámbito naval: una revisión conceptual
Authors: Valle Lituma Luis Ángel , Chávez Freire Francisco Javier 
Published: March 2019

El presente trabajo aborda un análisis de la relación entre dos variables que son la motivación y el liderazgo transformacional, enmarcados en un ambiente militar con enfoque naval en el que las personas se desarrollan bajo diferentes situaciones de labor como patrullajes, navegaciones, entre otros, que, sumado a la rutina de la milicia y en muchos casos el riesgo que se corre, crea una disminución en el desempeño laboral, por lo cual es importante que el líder observe y genere acciones positivas enfocadas al desempeño de sus subordinados, de tal manera, se realizó una revisión teórica y se utilizaron métodos científicos de investigación tales como focus group y entrevistas dirigidas al personal de la Armada del Ecuador como sustento complementario de los conceptos y reflexiones que se exponen, llegando a una acertada relación entre las variables estudiadas.
Los retos del periodismo ecuatoriano y los desafíos en la formación de nuevos profesionales
Authors: Villanueva Barahona Julissa , López Cedeño Karla , Omar Villavicencio José , Jordán Correa Dennys 
Published: March 2019

Al forjar profesionales de la comunicación es preciso y muy necesario bosquejar una imagen real del perfil del periodista frente a los retos del periodismo ecuatoriano y de las nuevas tendencias comunicacionales. Uno de ellos es la especialización; es decir la exigencia de peritos multifacéticos que dominen un espectro amplio de conocimiento y no solo en determinadas áreas, según los requerimientos mediáticos e informativos. Se promueve una evolución y crecimiento de las tendencias informativas digitales frente a las tradicionales lo que implica un crecimiento de emprendimientos bajo el paraguas de periodismo independiente por lo que surge un nuevo tipo de periodismo especializado en el mundo digital o multiplataforma. Sin embargo, esta especialización exige la revisión de competencias que se forjan en la academia y en la manera que se imparten como una forma de forjar el futuro integral de los estudiantes.
Palabras Clave: Periodismo ecuatoriano, desafíos, formación especializada, formación académica.
Le littoral Camerounais : problèmes morphologiques
Authors: Morin Serge , Kuété Martin 
Published: March 2019

Sur le littoral camerounais se succèdent quatre grands types de rivage : une côte en échelons au sud, le long de laquelle alternent caps rocheux et petites plages sableuses, un ensemble à cordons et restingas entre Nyong et Sanaga, puis, deux grands complexes estuariens à mangrove jusqu'à la frontière nigériane, au milieu desquels s'élève le Mont Cameroun qui offre ses petites falaises basaltiques à l'assaut des vagues.
Ce littoral est soumis à l'action des grandes houles de sud-ouest, et les matériaux apportés par les fleuves (sablons et argiles kaoliniques) sont repris par la dérive littorale de sud-est jusqu'au cap Debundsha, et par un courant côtier ouest-est au-delà. L'organisation du trait de côte dépend en grande partie de l'intéraction de ces dérives avec les décharges fluviales.
Au fond de la Baie de Bonny, la ligne de rivage correspond en outre à un ensemble de flexures et de cassures actives depuis le Santonien au moins. L'instabilité tectonique reste son trait majeur, et de la sorte seules les plages nouakchottienne et dunkerquiennne sont identifiables avec quelque certitude, ainsi peut-être qu'un niveau inchirien.
Effects of Different Types of Organic Fertilizers on Growth Performance of Amaranthus caudatus (Samaru Local Variety) and Amaranthus cruentus (NH84/452)
Authors: Kahu J. C. , Umeh C. C. , Achadu A. E. 
Published: March 2019

Aims: To evaluate the effect of different types of organic fertilizers on growth performance of Amaranthus caudatus (Samaru local variety) and Amaranthus cruentus (NH84/452).
Study Design: A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used for the experiment.
Place and Duration of Study: The field experiment was carried out in the nursery of a homestead garden at No 20, Isaiah Balat Street, Sabo GRA, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Methodology: The study consists of seven treatments which includes control (no fertilizer), 5 t ha-1 and 10 t ha-1 poultry manure, 5 t ha-1 and 10 t ha-1 sewage sludge, 35 kg ha-1 and 70 kg ha-1 NPK compound fertilizer and also with Amaranthus caudatus (Samaru local variety) and Amaranthus cruentus (NH84/452) in factorial arrangement fitted into a randomized complete block design (RCBD) and replicated three times. Growth performance data were collected on plant height, number of leaves, leaf area and leaf area index from 2 weeks after transplanting (WAT) to 6 weeks after transplanting (WAT).
Results: The plant height and number of leaves of the two varieties were found in the range of 18.30 - 135.67cm and 13.33 - 78.33cm respectively. Leaf area and leaf area index of the two varieties had values in the range of 41.71 - 258.29cm2 and 1.76 - 41.72 respectively. At 6 WAT, 10 t ha-1 poultry manure recorded the highest value for all the growth parameters for both varieties except for leaf length, leaf width and leaf area of Amaranthus caudatus (Samaru local variety), where 10 t ha-1 sewage sludge and 70 kg ha-1 NPK compound fertilizer were highest.
Conclusion: The experimental results of this study have shown that poultry manure had higher growth performance on the two varieties of Amaranth when compared with sewage sludge and NPK compound fertilizer. The application of poultry manures at 10 t ha-1 is therefore recommended for farmers to use to obtain higher yields of Amaranth.
Effect of Different Essential Oils on the Shelf Life of Concentrated Yogurt
Authors: Elama Claude , Alayoubi Mohanad , Jazzar Mohannad , . Fuad Al-Rimawi 
Published: March 2019

Aims: The objective of this study is to use different essential oils (cinnamon, clove, rosemary, almond sweet, sesame, wheat germ, and cedar wood) in concentrated yoghurt as antimicrobial agents to increase shelf life of concentrated yoghurt.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Al-Quds University, Palestine, between January 2015 to August 2016.
Methodology: Essential oils were added to concentrated yogurt at a concentration of 250 μl\kg. Antibacterial activity and properties of major borne bacteria such as total aerobic count bacteria, yeast, mold, Staphylococcus aureus, were evaluated by plate count method, (pouring plate method). All yogurt samples were sensory evaluated for flavor, body and texture, and appearance. Total solid content, and titratable acidity of different yogurt samples were also determined.
Results: Total solids and pH of concentrated yogurt samples treated with essential oils were only slightly affected. The best three essential oils used in terms of influence on total bacterial viable count and mold count were found to be cinnamon, clove and rosemary. The most acceptable organoleptic properties of treated concentrated yogurt were those samples treated with sesame and rosemary oils.
Conclusion: The addition of cinnamon, clove and rosemary essential oils could increase the shelf life of concentrated yogurt.
Yield and Yield Attributes of Sweet Corn as Influenced by Planting Geometry and Fertilizer Levels
Authors: Arabhanvi Fakeerappa , Hulihalli U. K. 
Published: March 2019

Aim: Field experiment was conducted to study the productivity of sweet corn as influenced by planting geometry and fertilizer levels.
Study Design: Split-plot design with three replications and nine treatment combinations.
Place and Duration of Study: Plot number ‘125’ ‘E’ block, Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka (India) during 2015-16 and 2016-17.
Methodology: Treatments includes three planting geometry and three fertilizer levels were applied as per protocol.
Results: Individual yield parameters such as fresh cob weight with husk, without husk, cob girth and number of grains per row were significantly higher in wider planting geometry with higher fertilizer levels. But with respect to respect to fresh cob yield with husk and fresh fodder yield was recorded higher significantly in planting geometry of 60 cm x 15 cm along with higher fertilizer level (125:60:25 N:P2O5:K2O kg ha-1) which was on par with planting geometry of 45 cm x 20 cm along with higher fertilizer level (125:60:25 N:P2O5:K2O kg ha-1).
Conclusion: Planting geometry of 60 cm x 15 cm along with higher fertilizer level (125:60:25 N:P2O5:K2O kg ha-1) was found superior with respect to fresh cob yield with husk and fresh fodder yield, which was on par with planting geometry of 45 cm x 20 cm along with higher fertilizer level (125:60:25 N:P2O5:K2O kg ha-1).
Evaluation of Dealcoholized Beverage from Pineapple Wine and Sorghum Beer
Authors: Iwouno Jude O. , Ofoedu Chigozie E. , Ugwuegbulam Anasthecia O. , Nwokoro Obinna M. 
Published: March 2019

Aim: The recent increase in demand of non-alcoholic beverages (alcohol-free beer and wine) due to health reasons, religious doctrines, tribal influence and personal perception in the past few years, has triggered research interest in alcohol removal and separation processes. This study is aimed at producing and evaluating alcohol-free beer and wine using a simple distillation technique.
Study Design: This study was made to fit into using a combination of T-test and one way Analysis of Variance.
Place and duration of Study: The research was carried out at Department of Food Science and Technology laboratory, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria, between February 2018 and November 2018.
Methodology: The physicochemical properties of pineapple juice and sorghum wort as well as pineapple wine and sorghum beer were evaluated and the parameters measured were pH, brix, total titratable acidity, total soluble solids, specific gravity, ethanol content, esters and higher alcohols.
Results: Wine from pineapple juice and beer from sorghum wort were dealcoholized using distillation technique to obtain a dealcoholized wine and dealcoholized beer respectively. The dealcoholized products were also evaluated for pH, brix, total titratable acidity, total soluble solids, specific gravity, ethanol content, esters and higher alcohols using recommended methods. Results showed that significant difference (p<0.05) exists between dealcoholized products and their corresponding wine and beer for pH, brix, titratable acidity and specific gravity.
Conclusion: The dealcoholization process performed using simple distillation technique caused complete removal of ethanol from pineapple wine and sorghum beer. Higher alcohols and esters which contributes significantly to the sensory quality in alcoholic beverages were also completely lost because of the distillation operation. Hence, flavour enrichment may be required to produce a pleasurable and delicious alcohol-free product.
Genetic Variability for Flowering Time, Maturity and Drought Tolerance in Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]: A Review Paper
Authors: Alidu M. S. 
Published: March 2019

Background: Cowpea plays a critical role in the lives of millions of people in Africa and other parts of the developing world, where it is a major source of dietary protein that nutritionally complements staple low-protein cereal and tuber crops. It is a valuable and dependable commodity that produces income for farmers and traders. Objective: To review related research work on the genetic variability for time to flowering, maturity and drought tolerance in cowpea.
Data Source: Searches were made from the following databases and archives; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), The Essential Electronic Agricultural Library (TEAL), Access to Global Online Research in Agriculture (AGORA) (FAO), AGRICOLA (National Agricultural Library), AGRIS - Agricultural Sciences and Technology (FAO), CAS - Chemical Abstracts (ACS), DOAJ - Directory of Open Access Journals, CABI, Euphytica, Elsevier, Research Alert, Scopus and CGIAR, Plant Genetics and Breeding Database, Crop Science Database, Plant Genetics and Breeding Database, data base repositories, using the terms “genetic variability”, “drought”, “tolerance”, “ time to flowering and maturity”, and “cowpea” individually or in combination to identify literature published in English language between January 1990 to January 2018.
Methods: The review was carried out using the above search terms. Research papers were critically reviewed, relevant data extracted, and a narrative synthesis was conducted to determine the relevant papers.
Results: In all 150 papers met the inclusion criteria. Collections were from varied background; Sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, Europe, and Latin Americas.
Conclusion: Despite research studies on cowpea and drought, there appears to be limited such research findings on the time to flowering, and maturity in relations to drought tolerance in cowpea in Ghana, suggesting more research in this part of the world.
Bacteriological Quality Assessment of Zobo Drink Sold in Bayelsa State Nigeria
Authors: Omeremu Daw Mercy , Enoch Amala Smart , Azuonwu Obioma 
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Zobo is a non-alcoholic locally produced beverage from dried petals, acid-succulent calyxes of Hibiscus subdariffa by boiling and filtration. Zobo is rich in carbohydrates, proteins, calcium, vitamins, minerals, iron and antioxidant. The consumption of zobo may be associated with food infection and/ or food borne illness arising from unhygienic processes.
Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the bacterial quality of zobo sold in Bayelsa, identify the bacteria isolated and determine the enterotoxin producing ability of some strains.
Materials and Methods: A total of 150 bottles of zobo were examined, 50 were purchased from each zone (Yenagoa, Sagbama and Ogbia). Each bottle of zobo was well mixed by gentle inversion and 1mL of the zobo was added to 9mL of sterile peptone water in a test tube. Serial dilution was made to and 0.1 mL of the last dilution (105) was inoculated on already prepared and dried media (nutrient, MacConkey and salmonella/shegella agar) in duplicate and spread evenly with sterile glass rod. The plates were incubated at 37°C for 18-24 hours and examined for growth. Commercial purchased kits were used to test for enterotoxin production of some isolated strains.
Results: Out of the 150 zobo samples examined, the bacteria isolated were S. aureus 120 (25%), Coagulase negative Staphylococci sp.120 (25%), Bacillus sp. 150 (31.3%) and Salmonella sp. 90 (18%) respectively. Out of 120 S. aureus isolated, 18 (15%) produced enterotoxin.
Conclusion: Regulatory Agencies should as a matter of urgency consider the regulation of zobo production for public consumption and producers should be instructed on the principles of food preservation, sanitation and hygiene. The consumption of locally produced zobo is a public health concern in Nigeria.
Physicochemical Equivalence and Validation of an HPLC Analytical Method for the Quantification of Glibenclamide and Its Sulfonamide Impurity in Prescribed Glibenclamide Tablets in Nigeria
Authors: Tella Josephine Oluwagbemisola , Oseni Saheed Oluwasina , Adebayo Basheeru Kazeem 
Published: March 2019

Objective: To investigate the physicochemical equivalence of four brands of commercially available glibenclamide tablets in Nigeria and to develop a validation method using HPLC for the quantitative determination of glibenclamide and its sulfonamide impurity present in these tablets.
Methods: Uniformity of weight, friability tests, hardness/crushing strength, dissolution, and disintegration tests were carried out on tablets/drug samples of each brand. Their functional groups were determined and compared with pure glibenclamide sample (reference standard) using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) between a range of 4000cm-1 to 400cm-1. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the percentage of glibenclamide and its sulfonamide impurity present in each tablet brand.
Results: From the physicochemical evaluation of the four brands of glibenclamide tablets tested, the brands passed all the British Pharmacopeia specifications, but they all failed the hardness/crushing strength tests and one of the brands failed the assay test requirement for drug content. The developed HPLC method had a percentage recovery between the acceptable limit of 95-105% with percentage relative standard deviation (%RSD) of < 3% while the precision of the method was 0.102% and 0.383% for glibenclamide and its sulfonamide impurity, respectively. The Limit of Detection (LOD) and Limit of Quantification (LOQ) of the developed analytical method for the four brands were 0.075µg/ml and 0.227µg/ml for glibenclamide while that of sulfonamide impurity were 0.114µg/ml and 0.345µg/ml, respectively. In addition, the percentage impurity of sulfonamide in all the brands was less than the acceptable limit of 1%.
Conclusion: The results from the physicochemical evaluation of the glibenclamide brands justified the need for constant monitoring of marketed drug products. The results obtained from the HPLC quantification method developed for this study show that our data is reproducible based on the linearity, precision, and accuracy of data generated for glibenclamide and its sulfonamide impurity in the four brands of glibenclamide tablets prescribed to DM patients in Nigeria, which were judged to be satisfactory at the time of this study.
Centre-based Evaluation of Some Biochemical Effects of the Initial Phase of Anti-tuberculosis Therapy in Bayelsa State
Authors: Bokolo Bonsome , Kemelayefa Ozakieoniso James , Ozolua Ray , Poh Fidelis Ching 
Published: March 2019

Aim of the Study: This study aimed at evaluating the adverse drug effects on some biochemical parameters of anti-tuberculosis drugs among patients with primary tuberculosis infection.
Study Design: Non-probability (purposive) sampling technique was employed in this study.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at the Chest Clinic unit of the Tuberculosis and Leprosy referral Hospital, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. This study was conducted from July, 2017 to April, 2018.
Methodology: Tuberculosis patients were selected using standard methods for clinical diagnosis and confirmed by laboratory analysis for Mycobacterium tuberculosis using acid fast bacilli as preliminary and Gene-Xpert® as confirmatory test. A total of 44 tuberculosis patients met the study inclusion and exclusion criteria and completed the study at the Tuberculosis and Leprosy Referral Hospital Yenegoa, Bayelsa State. Eligible patients were administered with appropriate daily dose of (rifampicin-150 mg, isoniazid-75 mg, pyrazinamide-400mg and ethambutol-275 mg) single drug combination for two months based on bodyweight. Blood was collected and evaluated for liver enzymes, Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Alanine transaminase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST); Total proteins, Bilirubin and Cholesterol at baseline, week 4 and week 8. Data were descriptively analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS 21).
Results: Treatment in the intensive therapy phase resulted in significant increase of alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase levels (P=0.5). There was also significant decrease in total cholesterol and albumin (P=0.5). There were no significant changes in aspartate aminotransferase, total protein and total bilirubin.
Conclusion: The study results showed changes in some biochemical parameters but were not severe enough to warrant discontinuation of therapy.