bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A quantitative method for measuring regional economic resilience to the great recession
Authors: Ringwood Lauryn , Watson Philip , Lewin Paul 
Published: September 2018

AbstractRegional economic resilience can be defined as an economy’s ability to withstand and recover quickly from shocks. The ability to measure resilience is necessary to developing our understanding of what influences resilience. In this paper, we develop a new, two‐dimensional quantitative measure of resilience using observed differences between expected and actual employment in a region following a shock and distinguish the response to the shock from random variation. We demonstrate one application of this metric to US county‐level employment data to compare county responses to the 2007–2009 national recession and discuss how different regions of the United States responded to the shock of the Great Recession in terms of resilience.
Innovation in suburban development zones: Evidence from Nanjing, China
Authors: Li Yingcheng , Wang Xingping 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWhile suburban areas have been typically related with urban sprawl, low density, cheap land price and low‐end manufacturing industries, relatively little attention has been paid to the spatial organization of innovation in suburban areas. In some Chinese cities, development zones (kai fa qu) in their suburban areas which are generally regarded as major spaces for traditional manufacturing industries have been transforming into spaces for innovation. This paper provides a case study of Nanjing, the capital of Jiangsu province in Eastern China by investigating and explaining the learning and innovation processes in suburban development zones. Drawing upon a unique database on 733 state‐certified high‐tech firms in Nanjing from 2008 to 2012 which contains detailed information on their addresses and number of patents, we observe strong spatial disparity in the distribution of innovation. Suburban districts of Nanjing where its three national‐level development zones and many provincial‐level development zones are located have become major spaces for innovation of the city. The planning of industrial clusters in development zones, the place‐based investment in the suburbs, and the suburbanization of universities are three major mechanisms behind the learning and innovation processes in Nanjing’s suburban development zones.
Long‐Term Outcome of Patients With Intractable Chronic Cluster Headache Treated With Injection of Onabotulinum Toxin A Toward the Sphenopalatine Ganglion – An Observational Study
Authors: Aschehoug Irina , Bratbak Daniel Fossum , Tronvik Erling Andreas 
Published: September 2018

ObjectivesTo investigate long‐term outcomes in per‐protocol chronic cluster headache patients (n = 7), 18 and 24 months after participation in “Pilot study of sphenopalatine injection of onabotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of intractable chronic cluster headache.”MethodsData were collected prospectively through headache diaries, HIT‐6, and open questionnaire forms at 18 and 24 months after the first treatment. Patients had access to repeated injections when needed.ResultsAn overall significant reduction in cluster headache attack frequency per month (57.3 ± 35.6 at baseline vs 12.4 ± 15.2 at month 18 and 24.6 ± 19.2 at month 24) was found. In addition, there was a reduction in attacks with severe and unbearably intensity (50.0 ± 38.3 at baseline vs 10.1 ± 14.7 at month 18 and 16.6 ± 13.7 at month 24) and an increase in attack free days (4.2 ± 5.9 at baseline vs 19.1 ± 9.4 at month 18 and 12.9 ± 8.8 at month 24).ConclusionsOur findings suggest sustained headache relief after repeated onabotulinumtoxinA injections toward the sphenopalatine ganglion in intractable chronic cluster headache. A placebo‐controlled trial with long‐term follow‐up is warranted.
The use of immersive virtual reality for pain control during periodontal scaling and root planing procedures in dental hygiene clinic
Authors: Alshatrat Sabha Mahmoud , Alotaibi Rasha , Sirois Michele , Malkawi Zain 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo identify the effect of immersive virtual reality (VR) on pain perception during scaling and root planing procedures (SRP) in dental hygiene clinic.MethodsParticipants were recruited based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Within‐subject/split‐mouth design was used in this study. The participants received a full mouth SRP. The participants were divided into two treatment conditions: (a) without VR condition or (b) with VR condition. Blood pressure (BP) and pulse rate (PR) were measured. Level of pain was measured by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Participants gave ratings using 0‐10 scales with cut points on the scale indicating that (0) none, (1‐3) mild, (4‐6) moderate or (7‐10) severe. Participants were also asked three questions to assess presence, realism and nausea. The immersive virtual environment used for this study was nonviolent and inoffensive.ResultsData were analysed using SPSS® software. Fifty subjects with a mean age of 36 years completed the study. The Wilcoxon signed‐rank test revealed that VAS scores were significantly (P = < 0.05) lower during VR compared without VR condition. Paired t test revealed that on average, participants experienced significantly lower systolic Bp after using VR (M = 113.72, SE = 2.16) than systolic Bp after treatment without VR However, Bp (diastolic) and PR showed no difference. 84% of the participants felt like they went inside the virtual world, 82% felt that the virtual objects seem real to them, and 94% did not feel nausea. 98% of the participants preferred using VR during SRP.ConclusionsThe results of this study indicate that the immersive VR has the potential in becoming a future method for pain control during scaling and root planing procedures.
Chronic alcohol consumption increases inflammation and osteoclastogenesis in apical periodontitis
Authors: Dal‐Fabbro R. , Marques‐de‐Almeida M. , Cosme‐Silva L. , Ervolino E. , Cintra L. T. A. , Gomes‐Filho J. E. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimTo investigate the effect of chronic alcohol consumption on apical periodontitis in rats.MethodologyThirty‐two male Wistar rats were arranged into four groups: Control (C): without apical periodontitis and nonalcoholic diet; (AL): without apical periodontitis and alcoholic diet; (AP): with apical periodontitis and nonalcoholic diet; and (AP + AL): with apical periodontitis and alcoholic diet. The alcoholic solution at 20% was given to the AL and AP + AL groups as the sole source of hydration throughout the experiment. AP was induced in the mandibular left first molars at the end of the 4th week. Weight changes and the amount of solid and liquid foods were recorded for 8 weeks. At the end, the animals were euthanized and the jaws removed followed by histological processing for histopathological and RANKL, OPG, TRAP and HIF‐1α analyses. The Mann–Whitney test was used for nonparametric data, and anova followed by the Tukey test was performed for parametric data, with P < 0.05.ResultsAnimals that received the alcoholic diet had a lower weight gain than the other groups (P < 0.05). Control and AL groups did not have an inflammatory response in the periapical tissues. The median score of inflammatory infiltrate was significantly higher in the AP + AL group (2.5) compared to the AP group (1.5; P < 0.05). In the same comparison, AP + AL was associated with score 3 for RANKL and HIF‐1α versus score 2 for AP group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the values for TRAP were 3.88 ± 0.70 cells mm−1 for the AP + AL group and 2.43 ± 0.94 cells mm−1 for the AP group (P < 0.05).ConclusionIn rats, an alcoholic diet had a significant effect on the severity of apical periodontitis, exacerbating the inflammatory response and osteoclastogenesis.
Carcinocythemia: A rare entity becoming more common? A 3‐year, single institution series of seven cases and literature review
Authors: Ronen Shira , Kroft Steven H. , Olteanu Horatiu , Hosking Paul R. , Harrington Alexandra M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIntroductionCarcinocythemia is a rare phenomenon defined as morphologically identifiable, circulating tumor cells in the peripheral blood. No modern case series of carcinocythemia exists in the literature.MethodsBlood smears from carcinocythemia patients were reviewed and associated clinicopathologic findings described and compared to the literature. When available, bone marrows were examined.ResultsWe identified 7 carcinocythemia cases over 3 years at our institution in 5 females and 2 males with a median age of 57 and compare them to 26 case reports in the literature (19 females, 10 males; median age 57). The primary neoplasms were carcinomas of breast (3 cases), lung, non‐small cell (2 cases), prostate (1), and 1 case of unknown primary. Circulating tumor cells were associated with fragmentation hemolysis (2 cases), asplenic RBC changes (3 cases), and myeloid antigen expression by flow cytometry (2 cases) and were most commonly found at the feathered edge of the slide (6 cases) as single cells or in clusters.ConclusionsThis represents the largest series of carcinocythemia reported. The identification of 7 cases at one institution over a 3‐year period suggests carcinocythemia may becoming more common. Raising awareness of this entity and its associated clinicopathologic findings may help avoid diagnostic pitfalls in blood smear examinations and may guide timely clinical management.
The ILO Domestic Workers Convention and regulatory reforms in Argentina, Chile and Paraguay. A comparative study of working time and remuneration regulations
Authors: POBLETE Lorena 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn June 2011, the International Labour Conference adopted the Convention concerning decent work for domestic workers, No. 189, and its accompanying Recommendation No. 201. From a comparative law standpoint, this article seeks to analyse the role played by Convention No. 189 on regulatory reforms, focusing on the legislative measures taken in three Latin American countries that have ratified it: Argentina, Chile and Paraguay. An analysis is also made of the discussions and controversies that have determined the way in which the working time and wage provisions contained in the Convention have been incorporated into the national laws on paid domestic work in these three countries.
Demand shocks and employment adjustments: Does employment protection legislation create rigidity?
Authors: SOFI Irfan Ahmad , KUNROO Mohd Hussain 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWith state‐level panel data from the Indian manufacturing sector for 2000–12, and labour turnover as a proxy for employment adjustments, the authors estimate differential effects of demand shocks on employment adjustment across states with high and low levels of EPL. They find that EPL does not hinder employment adjustment; the response of labour separation rates to negative demand shocks is relatively higher in states with high levels of EPL, and labour turnover is inversely associated with EPL, which may be viewed as indicative of the beneficial effects of EPL for both enterprises and workers.
Job stability in Europe over the cycle
Authors: BACHMANN Ronald , FELDER Rahel 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis article investigates the evolution of job tenure for the time period 2002–2012 using microdata from the European Union Labour Force Survey (EU‐LFS). Overall, the data show a slight increase in average job tenure at the EU level, which can be explained by disproportional lay‐offs of short‐tenured workers during the crisis. When controlling for changes in the demographic composition of the workforce, an underlying negative trend in mean tenure becomes visible. Job tenure evolved very differently across the EU before and during the crisis, highlighting the importance of institutional frameworks, especially employment protection legislation (EPL).
Screening the full leucocyte receptor complex genomic region revealed associations with pemphigus that might be explained by gene regulation
Authors: Farias Ticiana Della Justina , Augusto Danillo G. , de Almeida Rodrigo Coutinho , Malheiros Danielle , Petzl‐Erler Maria Luiza 
Published: September 2018

SummaryPemphigus foliaceus (PF) is a blistering autoimmune skin disease rare in most of the world but endemic in certain regions of Brazil. PF is characterized by the detachment of epidermal cells and the presence of autoantibodies against desmoglein 1. In previous studies, we have shown that genetic polymorphisms and variable expression levels of certain leucocyte receptor complex (LRC) genes were associated with PF. However, the role of the LRC on PF susceptibility remained to be investigated. Here, we analysed 527 tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) distributed within the 1·5 Mb LRC. After quality control, a total of 176 SNPs were analysed in 229 patients with PF and 194 controls. Three SNPs were associated with differential susceptibility to PF. The intergenic variant rs465169 [odds ratio (OR) = 1·50; P = 0·004] is located in a region that might regulate several immune‐related genes, including VSTM1, LILRB1/2, LAIR1/2, LILRA3/4 and LENG8. The rs35336528 (OR = 3·44; P = 0·009) and rs1865097 (OR = 0·57; P = 0·005) SNPs in LENG8 and FCAR genes, respectively, were also associated with PF. Moreover, we found four haplotypes with SNPs within the KIR3DL2/3, LAIR2 and LILRB1 genes associated with PF (P < 0·05), which corroborate previously reported associations. Thus, our results confirm the importance of the LRC for differential susceptibility to PF and reveal new markers that might influence expression levels of several LRC genes, as well as candidates for further functional studies.
Responsiveness of the Brazilian versions of CPQ11‐14 and Child‐OIDP
Authors: Buzatti Bruna Cássia Schmidt , Maroneze Marília Cunha , Ardenghi Thiago Machado 
Published: September 2018

AimThe aim of this study was to investigate the responsiveness of the Brazilian versions of Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ11‐14) and Child‐Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (Child‐OIDP).DesignThe data were collected from a convenience sample of 209 patients aged 10‐15 years, who visited the adolescent dental clinic of Federal University of Santa Maria, Brazil. The subjects answered the CPQ11‐14 and the Child‐OIDP prior to their dental treatment and 1 month after concluding the treatment. The responsiveness of CPQ11‐14 and Child‐OIDP was analysed through (a) the mean change observed in scores before and after treatment, (b) an investigation of the effect size, (c) an assessment of the statistical significance of changes within the groups over time, as per the global transition judgement, and (d) the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.ResultsPositive changes were observed for both questionnaires. According to global transition judgement, 82.30% of the participants reported an improvement following treatment, 16.75% reported no change, and 0.96% reported deterioration. The effect size was 0.8% and 0.5% for the overall CPQ11‐14 and Child‐OIDP, respectively. The area under the curve was 0.38 for CPQ11‐14 and 0.43 for Child‐OIDP.ConclusionThe Brazilian versions of CPQ11‐14 and Child‐OIDP demonstrated limited responsiveness following dental treatment.
Bell's palsy treated with photobiomodulation in an adolescent: Rare case report and review of the published literature
Authors: Poloni Marina Miranda , Marques Nelson Pereira , Ribeiro Junior Noé Vital , Sperandio Felipe Fornias , Hanemann João Adolfo Costa , de Carli Marina Lara 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundBell's palsy represents a peripheral unilateral facial nerve paralysis, being an acute, idiopathic disorder, which can affect children and adolescents. Some therapeutic approaches have been proposed including facial exercises, biofeedback, photobiomodulation, electrotherapy, massage, and thermotherapy. The present report documents a rare case of Bell's palsy in an adolescent successfully treated with a new protocol of photobiomodulation, consisting of a short‐term treatment.Case reportA 13‐year‐old girl presented absence of facial movement on the right side when smiling, inability to close the right eye and to raise the right eyebrow, intense painful symptoms on the right side of the face, difficult in chewing and talking, and sialorrhea. She was diagnosed with an idiopathic facial paralysis or Bell's palsy associated with right masseter myalgia, and treated with three sessions of photobiomodulation using infrared laser, 100 mW output power, 100 J/cm2 of energy density, 28 seconds per point, applied at the origin and insertion of the right superficial masseter muscle. The patient presented complete regression of paralysis, improvement of speech and chewing, and absence of muscular pain.ConclusionPhotobiomodulation was effective to treat Bell's palsy in a pediatric patient, being a true noninvasive approach and with no side effects, although there is still no established definitive protocol.
Temporomandibular joint anterior disc displacement with reduction in a young population: Prevalence and risk indicators
Authors: Marpaung Carolina , van Selms Maurits K. A. , Lobbezoo Frank 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundTemporomandibular joint (TMJ) anterior disc displacements with reduction (ADDR) are commonly found in the young population and often found to be associated with biomechanical and anatomical factors. Until now, most knowledge on ADDR among children and adolescents comes from studies performed on Caucasian subjects.AimsTo assess the clinically determined prevalence rates of ADDR among the young Indonesian population and to evaluate its risk indicators.DesignIn this cross‐sectional study, 1562 pupils and students of 7‐21 years old completed a questionnaire and underwent a clinical examination.ResultsThe prevalence rates of ADDR were 7.0% among children (7‐12 years), 14.4% among adolescents (13‐18 years), and 12.3% among young adults (19‐21 years). Logistic regression analyses revealed that increasing age and lip biting were associated with ADDR in children, whereas pen biting was associated with ADDR in the adolescent population. None of the included factors were found to be associated with ADDR in the young adult population.ConclusionsThe present findings indicate that prevalence of ADDR increases with age, with a peak during the years of adolescence. Biomechanical factors seem to play a significant role in ADDR development.
Antigenic evolution of H3N2 influenza A viruses in swine in the United States from 2012 to 2016
Authors: Bolton Marcus J. , Abente Eugenio J. , Venkatesh Divya , Stratton Jered A. , Zeller Michael , Anderson Tavis K. , Lewis Nicola S. , Vincent Amy L. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundSix amino acid positions (145, 155, 156, 158, 159, and 189, referred to as the antigenic motif; H3 numbering) in the globular head region of hemagglutinin (HA1 domain) play an important role in defining the antigenic phenotype of swine Clade IV (C‐IV) H3N2 IAV, containing an H3 from a late 1990s human‐to‐swine introduction. We hypothesized that antigenicity of a swine C‐IV H3 virus could be inferred based upon the antigenic motif if it matched a previously characterized antigen with the same motif. An increasing number of C‐IV H3 genes encoding antigenic motifs that had not been previously characterized were observed in the U.S. pig population between 2012 and 2016.ObjectivesA broad panel of contemporary H3 viruses with uncharacterized antigenic motifs was selected across multiple clades within C‐IV to assess the impact of HA1 genetic diversity on the antigenic phenotype.MethodsHemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays were performed with isolates selected based on antigenic motif, tested against a panel of swine antisera, and visualized by antigenic cartography.ResultsA previously uncharacterized motif with low but sustained circulation in the swine population demonstrated a distinct phenotype from those previously characterized. Antigenic variation increased for viruses with similar antigenic motifs, likely due to amino acid substitutions outside the motif.ConclusionsAlthough antigenic motifs were largely associated with antigenic distances, substantial diversity among co‐circulating viruses poses a significant challenge for effective vaccine development. Continued surveillance and antigenic characterization of circulating strains is critical for improving vaccine efforts to control C‐IV H3 IAV in U.S. swine.
Synthesis of CeO2 nanoparticles with different morphologies and their properties as peroxidase mimic
Authors: Zhang Baoliang , Huyan Yu , Wang Jiqi , Wang Wenbin , Zhang Qiuyu , Zhang Hepeng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe overall objective of this work was to identify and determine the controlling factors of catalytic activity of CeO2 nanoparticles with different properties. Therefore, four kinds of CeO2 nanoparticles are successfully synthesized and used as peroxidase mimics. The results reveal that the catalytic activity is related to specific surface area and surface oxygen (Osur) content. For different CeO2 nanoparticles, specific surface area is the leading factor of catalytic activity. The catalytic activity increases with the increasing specific surface area. If the CeO2 nanoparticles have similar specific surface area, the less Osur contains, the lower catalytic activity will be. Meanwhile, crystallinity is not the influence factor of catalytic activity. Bamboo‐like CeO2 (B‐CeO2) nanoparticles show excellent catalytic activity and the reaction conditions are optimized. Furthermore, the catalytic activity of B‐CeO2 nanoparticles decreases very slightly after 15 cycles of the catalysis experiment. Therefore, B‐CeO2 nanoparticles can serve as effective recyclable peroxidase mimics.
Investigation of mechanical and thermal properties of rare earth pyrochlore oxides by first‐principles calculations
Authors: Yang Lan , Zhu Changhua , Sheng Ye , Nian Hongqiang , Li Qian , Song Peng , Lu Wencong , Yang Jiong , Liu Bin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe pyrochlore‐type rare‐earth oxides attract considerable attentions due to their outstanding properties and extensive applications. In this work, contour maps of mechanical/thermal properties as a function of A and B cation radii across a wide variety of A2B2O7 (A = La‐Lu and Y; B = Ti, Sn, Hf, Zr, Pr and Ce) pyrochlore oxides are studied using the first‐principles calculations. The mechanical/thermal properties vary dramatically with increasing of the B cation sizes but do not show a strong systematic dependence on the A cation sizes. Furthermore, the machine learning algorithm is performed for the large family of pyrochlores and the parameters playing key role on mechanical/thermal properties are clarified. Besides, the expressions of focused mechanical and thermal properties are constructed. These results are expected to guide the future material design through composition tailoring.
A novel core‐shell structured ultra‐coarse WC‐Co composite powders prepared by fluidized bed chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Zhang Lei , Xin Fengxia , Du Zhan , Xiang Maoqiao , Yang Yafeng , Zhu Qingshan , Shi Yu 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe ultra‐coarse WC‐Co composite powders with a core‐shell structure were effectively prepared by fluidized bed chemical vapor deposition (FBCVD) using CoCl2 precursor. An excellent interfacial bonding was formed between WC and the deposited Co. Defluidization was the major barrier to depositing high‐Co‐content composite powders, which was caused by the adhesion of the deposited Co particles. Decreasing the deposition temperature reduced the cohesion force of the deposited Co particles, which was thus beneficial to preventing the defluidization. Increasing the WC particle size and the gas velocity increased the collision force and benefited the fluidization. The final Co contents were largely dependent on the deposition and fluidization behaviors. For the conditions tested, the optimal deposition temperature was 800°C while the minimum WC particle size suitable for FBCVD was 25 μm.