bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental and mathematical study of air gap membrane distillation for aqueous HCl azeotropic separation
Authors: Kalla Sarita , Upadhyaya Sushant , Singh Kailash , Baghel Rakesh 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn the present study, the feasibility of air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) process is investigated for breaking an azeotropic mixture. A test cell AGMD module with hydrophobic PTFE membrane was fabricated and HCl/H2O azeotrope (20.2 wt% HCl) was taken as feed. A mathematical model based on Stefan diffusion multicomponent molecular‐Knudsen mass transfer approach has been developed and validated with experimental data. The effects of different process parameters on total permeate flux, on selectivity and on breaking an HCl/H2O azeotrope mixture also have been studied. The feed side membrane surface temperature and membrane side condensing surface temperature were estimated by CFD modelling.RESULTSThe HCl selectivity obtained in the permeate was <1, which indicates that permeate flux is leveraged with water and a higher HCl concentration in the retentate was achieved relative to the permeate. The permeate flux decreased from 36 to 17 kg m−2 h−1 upon increasing the air gap from 3 mm to 11 mm at 50 °C feed temperature. The permeate flux increased from 4 to 28.5 kg m−2 h−1 upon increasing the feed temperature from 30 to 50 °C at 5 mm air gap.CONCLUSIONWith azeotropic feed, the maximum concentration of HCl achieved in the retentate was 30.8 wt% HCl (i.e. a hyperazeotropic solution) and in permeate was found to be 15.29 wt% HCl (i.e. hypoazeotropic solution). This indicates a strong possibility of using AGMD for azeotropic mixture separation. It also was observed that the permeate flux is affected mainly by feed temperature and air gap width. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis, Antimicrobial, and Anticancer Activities of a New Series of Thieno[2,3‐d] Pyrimidine Derivatives
Authors: Saddik Abdelreheem Abdelfatah , Kamal El‐Dean Adel Mohamed , El‐Said Waleed Ahmed , Hassan Khairy Mohamed , Abbady Mohamed Saad 
Published: July 2018

A new series from thieno[2,3‐d] pyrimidine derivatives have been synthesized based on 2‐(ethylmercapto)‐4‐mercapto‐6‐phenyl‐5‐pyrimidine carbonitrile, these compounds used in the synthesis of many pyrimidothienopyrimidine derivatives and triazolo[1″,5″:1″,6″]pyrimido[4′,5′:4,5]thieno[2,3‐d] pyrimidine derivatives. The chemical composition of these compounds was confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and MS techniques. Some of the synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial and anticancer agent. Compound (9b) showed strong effect on Aspergillus Fumigatus (RCMB 2568), Candida albicans (RCMB 05036), Saphylococcus aureus (RCMB 010010), Bacillis subtilis (RCMB 010067), Salmonella sp. (RCMB 010043), and Escherichia coli (RCMB 010052). Compounds (2) and (5a–k) were evaluated for their IC50 values against two cancer cell lines (MCF‐7 and HeLa cells) in the presence of Paclitaxel as reference material. Compound (5g) showed the highest cytotoxicity against MCF‐7 (IC50 values about 18.87 ± 0.2 μg/mL) cells compared with Paclitaxel (IC50 values about 40.37 ± 1.7 μg/mL). Also, compound (5d) showed the highest cytotoxicity against HeLa (IC50 values about 40.74 ± 1.7 μg/mL) cells compared with Paclitaxel (IC50 values about 45.78 ± 0.8 μg/mL).
Creativity and Self‐esteem in Adolescence: A Study of Their Domain‐Specific, Multivariate Relationships
Authors: Barbot Baptiste 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAlthough empirical investigations on the Creative Self have historically started with a focus on self‐esteem, the literature on its relationship with creative performance remains thin and inconsistent, with estimated relationships ranging from moderate and negative, to strongly positive. Discrepancies may be explained by the domain‐specificity of both creativity and self‐esteem that have been widely overlooked in this line of work. Therefore, this study explores the multivariate relationships between creativity in three domains (Music, Literary‐Verbal, Graphic) and self‐esteem in seven domains (e.g., Academic, Emotional) among 170 adolescents. Creative productions were scored by four raters, and latent consensus in each domain captured using a multi‐informant latent‐consensus model in SEM. This model was further extended in a structural model reveling that (a) creativity is mainly domain‐specific, and (b) the contribution of domain‐specific self‐esteem on domain‐specific creativity greatly varies according to both the domains of creativity and self‐esteem. Up to 30% of the variance in creative performance was explained by “domain‐relevant” self‐esteem facets, and a moderate contribution of creative self‐esteem across creativity domains. Results are discussed in light of several important methodological directions for this line of work, as well as its implications for creativity‐based interventions designed to support positive self‐esteem development in adolescence.
Oral flurbiprofen spray for mucosal graft harvesting at the palatal area: A randomized placebo‐controlled study
Authors: Isler Sila Cagri , Eraydin Nihal , Akkale Habibe , Ozdemir Burcu 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundFlurbiprofen which is a non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID), has been safely used for the control of postoperative patient's morbidity after periodontal plastic surgeries requiring palatal graft harvesting, but there is little information on the efficacy of topical use. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether patient pain perception was reduced and patient morbidity was improved by using oral spray of flurbiprofen after palatal graft harvesting.MethodsForty‐eight patients (21 males and 27 females), scheduled for subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) and free gingival graft (FGG) requiring periodontal plastic surgeries were selected. The patients were randomly assigned to each group and used oral spray of flurbiprofen or placebo three times a day for a week. The palatal donor area was evaluated at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, and 56‐day follow‐up after the surgery for postoperative pain, patients’ discomfort, complete epithelialization, changes in dietary habits, burning sensation, color match, the amount of systemic analgesic consumption and the presence of delayed bleeding. Wound healing scores were recorded at 14‐day follow up.ResultsThe prevalance of complete epithelialization was significantly higher in the placebo‐FGG group than flurbiprofen‐FGG group at 21 days postoperatively (P < 0.05), while there was no significant alteration for both flurbiprofen‐SCTG and placebo‐SCTG groups at any follow‐up periods. In flurbiprofen‐FGG group, significant improvements were observed for postoperative pain, patients’ discomfort and burning sensation at 14 days postoperatively (P < 0.05).ConclusionOral flurbiprofen spray reduces patient's morbidity, however it might have negative effects on epithelialization of secondary wound healing after FGG operations.
Lip repositioning with or without myotomy: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Tawfik Omnia K. , Naiem Suzi N. , Tawfik Lobna K. , Yussif Nermin , Meghil Mohamed M. , Cutler Christopher W. , Darhous Mona , El‐Nahass Hani E. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundLip repositioning is a conservative surgical method for the correction of excess gingival display (EGD) by limiting the upward retraction of the lips. Lip repositioning presents a simple method for the treatment of gummy smile. The aim of this randomized clinical trial (RCT) was to assess lip repositioning, compared to lip repositioning with muscle severance for efficacy in treatment of EGD and resultant stability.MethodsA single‐blinded, controlled, parallel‐group RCT was performed. Twenty patients with EGD were enrolled in the study, treated with lip repositioning with and without muscle severance. Participants were assessed for EGD reduction, changes in lip length and result stability at 3, 6 and 12 months. Additionally, pain, swelling and satisfaction, were assessed.ResultsClassic lip repositioning was found capable of reducing EGD by 2.73 mm (SD ± 1.281), while lip repositioning with muscle severance offered an improved reduction in EGD with a mean reduction of 3.57mm (SD ± 1.62). Lip length, swelling and pain scores were found comparable between the two techniques.ConclusionLip repositioning is an effective method for treating EGD, however, muscle severance provides a more stable result at 12 months when compared to the classical technique. More studies are necessary to fully assess this procedure.
The effect of post‐harvest technologies on selected metabolites in persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) fruit
Authors: Persic Martina , Jakopic Jerneja , Hudina Metka 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDTannins are frequently a main focus in the investigation of de‐astringency treatments of persimmon, and the effect of a controlled atmosphere on other phytochemicals is often overlooked. In the present study, changes in the content of total soluble and insoluble phenolics, soluble tannins, saponins, and carotenoids, as well as changes in primary metabolites, were monitored.RESULTSGenerally, treatment with ethylene induced a decrease in total phenolic content, whereas, when treated with CO2, the content of total phenolics remained unchanged compared to the level of total phenolics before treatment. Treatment with apple‐sourced ethylene did not significantly affect the level of total phenolics. Additionally, for both varieties, ‘Kaki Tipo’ and ‘Rojo Brillante’, the share of insoluble phenolics strongly increased when treated with CO2, whereas, when treated with ethylene, the same change applied for the ratio of soluble phenolics. The content of carotenoids varied markedly among treatments and varieties, whereas the content of total saponins remained unchanged, regardless of the treatment and variety.CONCLUSIONThe results obtained in the present study show that the content of metabolites in persimmon was affected markedly and variedly using post‐harvest technology. Apart from the treatment used, changes in the content of metabolites are also affected markedly by the persimmon variety. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Hydrophobic ionic liquid modified thermoresponsive molecularly imprinted monolith for the selective recognition and separation of tanshinones
Authors: Tang Weiyang , Row Kyung Ho 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA hydrophobic ionic liquid modified thermoresponsive molecularly imprinted monolith was synthesized using N‐isopropylacrylamide as a thermoresponsive monomer and a long‐chain hydrophobic ionic liquid as an auxiliary modification monomer. The ionic‐liquid‐modified thermoresponsive molecularly imprinted polymer was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. When the column temperature was 50°C, the synthesized monolithic column was successfully applied to the selective separation of homologue tanshinones within 7 min and eluted only by water (mobile phase) (theoretical plates more than 1.00 × 105 per meter). The negative Gibbs free energy (≤–2.37) values showed that the transfer of the tanshinones from the mobile phase to the stationary phase on this monolithic column was a thermodynamically spontaneous process. Good linearity of the five tanshinones by thermoresponsive monolith was obtained in the range of 0.100–25.0 μg/mL. The limit of detection (S/N = 3) and limit of quantitation (S/N = 10) were less than 0.0390 and 0.0630 μg/mL, respectively, with a relative standard deviation of <4.8%. In this proposed thermoresponsive chromatography method, the separation of homologue analytes can be achieved by changing the column temperature, and the use of water as the mobile phase would decrease the economic cost and organic pollution.
Synthetic head and neck and phantom images for determining deformable image registration accuracy in magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Ger Rachel B. , Yang Jinzhong , Ding Yao , Jacobsen Megan C. , Cardenas Carlos E. , Fuller Clifton D. , Howell Rebecca M. , Li Heng , Stafford R. Jason , Zhou Shouhao , Court Laurence E. 
Published: July 2018

PurposeMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides noninvasive evaluation of patient's anatomy without using ionizing radiation. Due to this and the high soft‐tissue contrast, MRI use has increased and has potential for use in longitudinal studies where changes in patients’ anatomy or tumors at different time points are compared. Deformable image registration can be useful for these studies. Here, we describe two datasets that can be used to evaluate the registration accuracy of systems for MR images, as it cannot be assumed to be the same as that measured on CT images.Acquisition and validation methodsTwo sets of images were created to test registration accuracy. (a) A porcine phantom was created by placing ten 0.35‐mm gold markers into porcine meat. The porcine phantom was immobilized in a plastic container with movable dividers. T1‐weighted, T2‐weighted, and CT images were acquired with the porcine phantom compressed in four different ways. The markers were not visible on the MR images, due to the selected voxel size, so they did not interfere with the measured registration accuracy, while the markers were visible on the CT images and were used to identify the known deformation between positions. (b) Synthetic images were created using 28 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients who had MR scans pre‐, mid‐, and postradiotherapy treatment. An inter‐ and intrapatient variation model was created using these patient scans. Four synthetic pretreatment images were created using the interpatient model, and four synthetic post‐treatment images were created for each of the pretreatment images using the intrapatient model.Data format and usage notesThe T1‐weighted, T2‐weighted, and CT scans of the porcine phantom in the four positions are provided. Four T1‐weighted synthetic pretreatment images each with four synthetic post‐treatment images, and four T2‐weighted synthetic pretreatment images each with four synthetic post‐treatment images are provided. Additionally, the applied deformation vector fields to generate the synthetic post‐treatment images are provided. The data are available on TCIA under the collection MRI‐DIR.Potential applicationsThe proposed database provides two sets of images (one acquired and one computer generated) for use in evaluating deformable image registration accuracy. T1‐ and T2‐weighted images are available for each technique as the different image contrast in the two types of images may impact the registration accuracy.
Professional practice‐related training and organizational readiness for change facilitate implementation of projects on the national core value system in care of older people
Authors: Carlsson Õie Umb , Wadensten Barbro 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimTo explore whether professional training contributed to implementation of the national core value system in practice in care of older people and to identify course participants' perceptions about factors that facilitated or obstructed them in implementing their projects. To identify participants' perceptions concerning factors that facilitate or obstruct implementation.DesignDescriptive and cross‐sectional.MethodsData were retrieved from 451 participants who had completed the course “Understanding and providing leadership based on the national core value system for older people” at Uppsala University during spring semester and autumn semester of 2018. Quantitative and qualitative data were obtained using a web‐based questionnaire.ResultsThe results showed that the majority (73%) of project plans were initiated, although not always completed and sometimes interrupted. Organizational readiness in terms of management supporting and prioritizing these plans were two principle facilitators chosen by half of the respondents and consequently the absence of these factors was an obstacle. In addition, successful implementation required dedicated co‐workers and certain resources, such as time and funds. Surprisingly, factors related to the project leader were reported to be of limited importance.
Are on‐line patient portals meeting test result preferences of caregivers of children with cancer? A qualitative exploration
Authors: Schultz Corinna L. , Alderfer Melissa A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundManagement of pediatric cancer entails frequent laboratory and radiology testing to monitor response to treatment, side effects, and possible relapse of disease. Little is known about how caregivers of children with cancer would like to receive results of these tests and whether on‐line patient portals may meet those preferences.ProceduresOne‐on‐one semistructured interviews were conducted with 19 caregivers of children with cancer purposively sampled for breadth on demographic characteristics. Inductive qualitative content coding/analysis was utilized to distill caregiver's preferred methods for test result acquisition and their views of using an on‐line patient portal to do so.ResultsThe relative prioritization of speed of information and mode of communication (i.e., “in person,” by phone, etc.) revealed three preference styles. Factors including type of testing, type of result, and the time course within their child's care modified these preferences, and the desire to reduce anxiety played a central role. Caregivers recognized advantages of portal use including getting results “fast,” being able to visualize trends in results, “keeping a record,” and not interfering with clinic flow. Perceived disadvantages included the results being “complicated” or easily misunderstood, and learning results prior to disclosure by care team.ConclusionThis study provides insight into the importance of understanding of how caregivers want test results and how they utilize the portal. Preferences for result acquisition vary on many factors and include the desire to decrease anxiety. As portal use increases, we have a duty to integrate this technology responsibly.
Prospective investigation of applicability and the prognostic significance of bone marrow involvement in patients with neuroblastoma detected by quantitative reverse transcription PCR
Authors: Druy Alexander E. , Shorikov Egor V. , Tsaur Grigory A. , Popov Alexander M. , Zaychikov Artem N. , Tuponogov Sergey N. , Saveliev Leonid I. , Tytgat Godelieve A.M. , Fechina Larisa G. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundDetection of bone marrow (BM) involvement in patients with neuroblastoma is crucial for staging and defining prognosis. Furthermore, the persistence of residual tumor cells in the BM is associated with an unfavorable outcome.MethodsExpression of PHOX2B, TH, ELAVL4, and B4GALNT1 (GD2‐synthase) was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in neuroblastoma cell lines, control BM samples, and in BM samples from patients. The threshold level of expression for each gene was established through receiver operator characteristic analysis and used to determine the diagnostic test performance. The prognostic significance of BM involvement was assessed by survival rates calculations. The median of follow‐up time was 36.1 months.ResultsNeither PHOX2B nor TH expression was detected in control BM, while expression of ELAVL4 was found in 20 (76.9%) and GD2‐synthase in 15 (57.7%) of 26 samples. The overall correct predictive value for TH, ELAVL4, and GD2‐synthase, based on thresholds levels, was 0.952, 0.828, and 0.767, respectively, whereas the overall correct predictive value for PHOX2B was 0.994. The PHOX2B/TH expression in diagnostic BM of patients with neuroblastoma corresponded with a decreased survival rate (P < 0.001) in the total cohort and in different risk groups. Predominance of normalized expression of PHOX2B over TH > 1.68 in the diagnostic BM samples demonstrated an adverse prognostic effect (P = 0.006). Persistence of PHOX2B/TH expression in the BM during and after induction chemotherapy resulted in dismal outcome (P = 0.022 and P = 0.012).ConclusionPHOX2B and TH are the most optimal markers for detection of BM involvement, allowing identification of high‐risk patients. Predominance of PHOX2B expression over TH has a strong adverse prognostic impact.
Refined structure of BeM9 reveals arginine hand, an overlooked structural motif in scorpion toxins affecting sodium channels
Authors: Kuldyushev Nikita A. , Mineev Konstantin S. , Berkut Antonina A. , Peigneur Steve , Arseniev Alexander S. , Tytgat Jan , Grishin Eugene V. , Vassilevski Alexander A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSodium channel alpha‐toxins from scorpion venom (α‐NaTx) inhibit the inactivation of voltage‐gated sodium channels. We used solution NMR to investigate the structure of BeM9 toxin from Mesobuthus eupeus scorpion, a prototype α‐NaTx classified as an “α‐like” toxin due to its wide spectrum of activity on insect and mammalian channels. We identified a new motif that we named “arginine hand,” whereby arginine side chain forms several hydrogen bonds with main chain atoms. The arginine hand was found in the “specificity module,” a part of the molecule that dictates toxin selectivity; and just single arginine‐to‐lysine point mutation drastically changed BeM9 selectivity profile.
Binding and structural studies of the complexes of type 1 ribosome inactivating protein from Momordica balsamina with uracil and uridine
Authors: Pandey Sada Nand , Iqbal Naseer , Singh Prashant K. , Rastogi Nilisha , Kaur Punit , Sharma Sujata , Singh Tej P. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractRibosome inactivating protein (RIP) catalyzes the cleavage of glycosidic bond formed between adenine and ribose sugar of ribosomal RNA to inactivate ribosomes. Previous structural studies have shown that RNA bases, adenine, guanine, and cytosine tend to bind to RIP in the substrate binding site. However, the mode of binding of uracil with RIP was not yet known. Here, we report crystal structures of two complexes of type 1 RIP from Momordica balsamina (MbRIP1) with base, uracil and nucleoside, uridine. The binding studies of MbRIP1 with uracil and uridine as estimated using fluorescence spectroscopy showed that the equilibrium dissociation constants (KD) were 1.2 × 10−6 M and 1.4 × 10−7 M respectively. The corresponding values obtained using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) were found to be 1.4 × 10−6 M and 1.1 × 10−7 M, respectively. Structures of the complexes of MbRIP1 with uracil (Structure‐1) and uridine (Structure‐2) were determined at 1.70 and 1.98 Å resolutions respectively. Structure‐1 showed that uracil bound to MbRIP1 at the substrate binding site but its mode of binding was significantly different from those of adenine, guanine and cytosine. However, the mode of binding of uridine was found to be similar to those of cytidine. As a result of binding of uracil to MbRIP1 at the substrate binding site, three water molecules were expelled while eight water molecules were expelled when uridine bound to MbRIP1.