bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The cancer incidence and mortality among children and adolescents during the period of 2010‐2014 in Henan Province, China
Authors: Chen Qiong , Guo Zhen , Liu Shuzheng , Quan Peiliang , Cao Xiaoqin , Guo Lanwei , Zhang Shaokai , Sun Xibin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe cancer etiology in children and adolescents is largely different with that in adults, and the description in epidemiology still remains deficiency. Therefore, we described the cancer incidence and related epidemiological features in children and adolescents to provide clues for etiological studies.MethodsCancer incidence stratified by age, gender, and areas was calculated using data extracted from population‐based cancer registries in Henan Province, China. All cancer among children aged 0‐19 years were reclassified according to category criteria of the International Classification of Childhood Cancer, 3rd Edition (ICCC‐3). Age‐standardized rate (WSR) was calculated using Segi's world standardized population by the direct method, and it was expressed per million person‐years.ResultsThe crude cancer incidence and mortality were 87.56 and 36.32 per million person‐years among children aged 0‐19 years, and the WSRs slightly changed compared with crude incidence and mortality, and they were 87.36 and 35.46 per million person‐years. Leukemia and central nervous system neoplasms (CNS) were the most common cancer categories both in children aged 0‐14 years and in adolescents aged 15‐19 years in regardless of gender and areas. Tiny difference of incidence and mortality existed in different age groups across 0‐14 years; however, they were higher in adolescents aged 15‐19 years than that in children aged 0‐14 years. Among children aged 0‐19 years, the cancer incidence and mortality were predominant in boys, and the sex ratio was 1.19; however, it was varied by diagnostic categories.ConclusionThis is the first study that described the cancer incidence and mortality among children aged 0‐19 in Henan Province, and it would help researchers to understand the burden and epidemiological characteristics of childhood cancer, and hence suggested clues for the etiological studies.
A Branched Tripeptide with an Anion‐Binding Motif as a New Delivery Carrier for Efficient Gene Transfection
Authors: Jiang Hao , Hu Xiao‐Yu , Mosel Stefanie , Knauer Shirley K. , Hirschhäuser Christoph , Schmuck Carsten 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBranched and dendrimeric cationic peptides have shown better transfection efficiency than linear peptides, owing to their superior capacity for inducing DNA condensation. We have designed and synthesized two analogously guanidinocarbonylpyrrole‐substituted (GCP‐substituted) branched cationic tripeptides that provide extremely strong electrostatic attraction towards DNA. Both ligands 1 and 2 can bind to DNA and form condensed complexes, owing to the branched structure and high positive charges, as demonstrated by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), ζ potential and atomic force microscopy (AFM). After the replacement of the carboxylate group by an amide group, binding of ligand 2 to DNA shows exothermic enthalpy and positive entropy changes relative to ligand 1. Rational interpretation would suggest that ligand 2 might aid the translocation of plasmid pF143 to HEK 293T cells, showing high gene transfection efficiency. This work therefore provides a facile way, by modifying a branched cationic tripeptide with GCP, to turn a peptide even a tripeptide into an efficient gene transfection vector.
Left main and triple vessel dissection 2 months postpartum
Authors: Shahandeh Negeen , Miyamoto Michael I. , Tobis Jonathan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSpontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a rare cause of acute coronary syndrome. The majority of cases reported in the literature involve a single vessel; multivessel and left main (LM) coronary artery involvement is rare. We present a case of triple vessel and LM SCAD in a postpartum patient and review the literature regarding percutaneous coronary intervention in the setting of SCAD.
An Interrupted Zeolite PKU‐26 and Its Transformation to a Fully Four‐Connected Zeolite PKU‐27 upon Calcination
Authors: Chen Yanping , Ma Ning , Huang Shiliang , Du Xin , Liao Fuhui , Zhu Yuexiang , Sun Junliang , Wang Yingxia 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe thermal stability and structural transformation mechanism are critical for the industrial applications of zeolites and the design of new framework types. Herein, a new zeolite PKU‐26 has been hydrothermally synthesized under fluoride conditions using a tetraethylammonium (TEA+) cation as the structure‐directing agent (SDA) and its framework contains partial Q3 T atoms [Q3 for T(−O−T)3OH]. Upon calcination, PKU‐26 processed a single‐crystal to single‐crystal transformation to another novel zeolite PKU‐27 with the elimination of terminal −OH groups and enhanced thermal stability up to 650 °C, exhibiting the first Q3→Q4 transformation [Q4 for T(−O−T)4] in 3D zeolite frameworks. The mechanism of the structural transformation, involving proton transfer, framework dehydration, and TO4 reconstruction, is proposed and supported by theoretical calculations.
Preparative Electrosynthesis of Strong Oxidizers at Boron‐Doped Diamond Electrode in Anhydrous HF
Authors: Połczyński Piotr , Jurczakowski Rafał , Grzelak Adam , Goreshnik Evgeny , Mazej Zoran , Grochala Wojciech 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe use of the boron‐doped diamond electrode as a sufficiently stable electrode for electrochemical measurements/synthesis in liquid anhydrous hydrogen fluoride medium is reported. Electrooxidation of silver(I) has been studied in this solvent by using classical transient electrochemical methods and impedance spectroscopy. It has been found that faradaic currents related to silver(I) oxidation and the fluorine evolution reaction are reasonably separated at the potential scale, which allows efficient electrosynthesis of AgIIF2, a powerful oxidizer. Impedance spectroscopy measurements provide insight into complex mechanism of AgF2 formation. The procedure for electrosynthesis is provided for the first time in both galvanostatic and potentiostatic condition.
Aryl Methyl Sulfone Construction from Eco‐Friendly Inorganic Sulfur Dioxide and Methyl Reagents
Authors: Wang Ming , Zhao Jiaoyan , Jiang Xuefeng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA three‐component cross‐coupling protocol of boronic acid, sodium metabisulfite, and dimethyl carbonate was developed for the construction of significant functional methyl sulfones, in which introduction of sulfur dioxide at the last stage was successfully achieved in one step. Inorganic sodium metabisulfite was used as an eco‐friendly sulfur dioxide source. Green dimethyl carbonate was employed as methyl reagent in this transformation. Diverse functional methyl sulfones were obtained from various readily available boronic acids. Notably, the last‐stage modification of pharmaceuticals and the synthesis of Firocoxib were efficiently established through this strategy.
High serum clusterin levels are associated with premature coronary artery disease in a Chinese population
Authors: Zhu Huijuan , Liu Meijuan , Zhai Tianshu , Pan Hui , Wang Linjie , Yang Hongbo , Yan Kemin , Gong Fengying , Zeng Yong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundClusterin plays an important role in the cardiovascular system, and serum levels of clusterin are higher in coronary artery disease patients. Here, we measured serum clusterin levels in premature coronary artery disease (PCAD) patients and explored the association of these levels with PCAD risk.MethodsSerum samples and general clinical information were obtained from 672 subjects including 364 PCAD subjects, 126 non‐PCAD subjects, and 182 controls.ResultsSerum clusterin levels were higher in PCAD patients than in controls, particularly in males with body mass index (BMI) < 25 kg/m2 (P < 0.0001). Compared with the lowest tertile of clusterin, the odds ratio of PCAD in the highest tertile was higher in both a univariate and three adjustment models, and it was 3.146‐fold higher in Model 3. This association was especially significant in subgroups with BMI < 25 kg/m2, total cholesterol < 5.7 mmol/L, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥ 1.0 mmol/L, Urea < 7.14 mmol/L, and estimated glomerular filtration rate < 90 mL/min/1.73 m2. Serum clusterin may be a potential diagnostic biomarker for PCAD (sensitivity 60.7%, specificity 51.6%, area under the curve 0.595 [95% CI, 0.544‐0.647], P < 0.0001), and a combination of clusterin with clinical variables in Model 3 resulted in improved diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity 86.3%, specificity 64.2%, area under the curve 0.829 [95% CI, 0.782‐0.877], P < 0.0001).ConclusionsSerum clusterin levels were increased in PCAD patients, especially for males with BMI < 25 kg/m2. Higher clusterin levels were independently associated with the presence of PCAD, particularly in subjects with normal BMI, lower total cholesterol, urea, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and higher high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. Clusterin might be a potential diagnostic biomarker for PCAD patients, especially in combination with clinical variables.
Phenotypic plasticity closely linked to climate at origin and resulting in increased mortality under warming and frost stress in a common grass
Authors: Kreyling Juergen , Puechmaille Sébastien J. , Malyshev Andrey V. , Valladares Fernando 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPhenotypic plasticity is important for species responses to global change and species coexistence. Phenotypic plasticity differs among species and traits and changes across environments. Here, we investigated phenotypic plasticity of the widespread grass Arrhenatherum elatius in response to winter warming and frost stress by comparing phenotypic plasticity of 11 geographically and environmentally distinct populations of this species to phenotypic plasticity of populations of different species originating from a single environment. The variation in phenotypic plasticity was similar for populations of a single species from different locations compared to populations of functionally and taxonomically diverse species from one environment for the studied traits (leaf biomass production and root integrity after frost) across three indices of phenotypic plasticity (RDPI, PIN, slope of reaction norm). Phenotypic plasticity was not associated with neutral genetic diversity but closely linked to the climate of the populations’ origin. Populations originating from warmer and more variable climates showed higher phenotypic plasticity. This indicates that phenotypic plasticity can itself be considered as a trait subject to local adaptation to climate. Finally, our data emphasize that high phenotypic plasticity is not per se positive for adaptation to climate change, as differences in stress responses are resulting in high phenotypic plasticity as expressed by common plasticity indices, which is likely to be related to increased mortality under stress in more plastic populations.
An electrochemical biosensor for prostate cancer biomarker detection using graphene oxide–gold nanostructures
Authors: Akbari jonous Zahra , Shayeh Javad Shabani , Yazdian Fatemeh , Yadegari Amir , Hashemi Mohadeseh , Omidi Meisam 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this paper, a most sensitive electrochemical biosensor for detection of prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) was designed. To reach the goal, a sandwich type electrode composed of reduced graphene oxide/ gold nanoparticles (GO/AuNPs), Anti‐Total PSA monoclonal antibody, and anti‐Free PSA antibody was assembled. The functionalized materials were thoroughly characterized by atomic force microscope spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X‐ray diffraction techniques. The electrochemical properties of each of the modification step were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results presented that the proposed biosensor possesses high sensitivity toward total and free PSA. Furthermore, the fabricated biosensor revealed an excellent selectivity for PSA in comparison to the other tumor markers such as BHCG, Alb, CEA, CA125, and CA19‐9. The limit of detection for the proposed electrochemical biosensor was estimated to be around 0.2 and 0.07 ng/mL for total and free PSA antigen, respectively.
Testing models of step formation against observations of channel steps in a steep mountain stream
Authors: Golly Antonius , Turowski Jens M. , Badoux Alexandre , Hovius Niels 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSteep streams often feature a step‐pool morphology where the steps determine channel stability and dissipate the stream's energy, and thus are important for local flow hydraulics and bedload transport. Steps also play a key‐role for the coupling of channels and adjacent hillslopes by controlling hillslope stability. Although step‐pool systems have been investigated in various modelling and experimental efforts, the processes of step formation and destruction remain under debate. Theories of step formation consider a wide range of dominant drivers and fall into three groups favouring hydraulic controls (HC), granular interactions during flow (GI) or random drivers (RD) as relevant factors for step location. A direct evaluation of these models with field observations is challenging, as step formation cannot be directly observed. Based on the physical mechanisms of the various formation models we derive diagnostic morphometric parameters and test them with a field data set from a steep stream in Switzerland. Our results suggest that one class of alluvial steps form due to jamming in narrow and narrowing sections of the channel, while steps in wide and widening sections form around rarely mobile keystones. These two models of step formation apply in our study reach at the same time in different locations of the channel. A third class of steps is forced by logs. Such steps are typically located close to the original growth position of the tree and therefore reflect strong channel‐hillslope coupling. Wood‐forced steps make up a minor fraction of the step population, but contribute significantly to the cumulative step height and are therefore relevant to reach‐scale flow resistance of the channel. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
How to hedge if the payment date is uncertain?
Authors: Korn Olaf , Merz Alexander 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis paper investigates how firms should hedge price risk when payment dates are uncertain. We derive variance‐minimizing strategies and show that the instrument choice is essential for this problem, similar to the choice between a strip and a stack hedge. The first setting concentrates on futures hedges, whereas the second allows for nonlinear derivatives. In both settings, firms should take positions in derivatives with different maturities simultaneously. We present an empirical analysis for commodities and exchange rates, showing that in both settings the optimal strategy clearly outperforms the commonly used heuristic strategies which consider only one hedging instrument at a time.
Presidential address: Six open questions to genetic epidemiologists
Authors: König Inke R. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGiven the rapid pace with which genomics and other ‐omics disciplines are evolving, it is sometimes necessary to shift down a gear to consider more general scientific questions. In this line, in my presidential address I formulate six questions for genetic epidemiologists to ponder on. These cover the areas of reproducibility, statistical significance, chance findings, precision medicine and related fields such as bioinformatics and data science. Possible hints at responses are presented to foster our further discussion of these topics.
Associations between child physical abuse potential, observed maternal parenting, and young children's emotion regulation: Is participation in Early Head Start protective?
Authors: Paschall Katherine W. , Mastergeorge Ann M. , Ayoub Catherine C. 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTClinicians working with Early Head Start (EHS) families consider family well‐being and positive parent–child relationships as foundational to school readiness. Understanding the links between risk factors and these dimensions of family engagement can inform clinical decision‐making, as risk assessments are used to tailoring program services. The current study examined the associations between high risk, or potential, for child physical abuse and both parenting quality and children's emotion regulation (ER) during toddlerhood; EHS participation was examined as a buffer. The sample included EHS‐eligible mothers of infants (N = 80) drawn from one site of the EHS Research and Evaluation Project. Associations were tested between mothers’ potential for child physical abuse, measured during infancy, and observed maternal sensitivity, positive regard, harshness, and children's ER skills at child ages 1 and 2 years. Results indicated that high potential for child physical abuse was associated with lower positive regard at age 1 and lower ER skills at age 2. EHS participation operated as a buffer on each of these associations. Implications for screening for child physical abuse potential and the constructs it represents in clinical settings as well as how EHS can promote family engagement are discussed.
Association of Dietary Niacin Intake With Incident Hip Fracture, BMD, and Body Composition: The Cardiovascular Health Study
Authors: Carbone Laura D , Bůžková Petra , Fink Howard A , Raiford Mattie , Le Brian , Isales Carlos M , Shikany James M , Coughlin Steven S , Robbins John A 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Interest in niacin has increased in the setting of reports suggesting that niacin plays a role in diseases of aging. No study to date has examined the association of dietary niacin intake with multiple skeletal health parameters including bone mineral density (BMD), hip fractures, and body composition, and none have included both African American and white men and women. Participants included 5187 men and women ≥65 years from the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS). Mean daily dietary niacin intake was 32.6 mg, with quartiles 1 through 4 defined as 3.6 to 21.8 mg/day, 21.9 to 30.2 mg/day, 30.3 to 40.9 mg/day, and 41.0 to 102.4 mg/day, respectively. Risk of incident hip fracture per 10 mg increment of daily dietary niacin intake was estimated using proportional hazards models. During a median follow-up of 13 years, 725 participants had an incident hip fracture. In models adjusted for demographic and clinical characteristics and diet, dietary niacin intake was significantly associated with an increased risk of hip fractures (hazard ratio [HR] 1.12; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.24) with spline models suggesting a U-shaped association. In post hoc analyses, both the lowest (HR 1.31; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.66) and highest (HR 1.53; 95% CI, 1.20 to 1.95) quartiles of niacin intake were associated with an increased risk of incident hip fracture versus quartiles 2 and 3. There was a trend for a significant inverse association of dietary niacin intake with hip BMD (p = 0.06), but no significant association with total body BMD or any body composition measures. In this cohort of elderly, community-dwelling African American and white men and women, both high and low dietary niacin intakes were associated with a significantly increased risk of subsequent hip fracture, suggesting a possible U-shaped association. By comparison, dietary niacin may have an inverse linear association with hip BMD. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
miR‐98 acts as an inhibitor in chronic constriction injury‐induced neuropathic pain via downregulation of high‐mobility group AT‐hook 2
Authors: Zhang Yang , Su Zhen , An Li‐Jun , Li Lin , Wei Meng , Ge Dong‐Jian , Liu Hai‐Lin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNeuropathic pain, resulting from somatosensory nervous system dysfunction, remains a serious public health problem worldwide. microRNAs are involved in the physiological processes of neuropathic pain. However, the biological roles of miR‐98 in neuropathic pain development have not been investigated. Therefore, in our current study, we focused on the effects of miR‐98 in neuropathic pain. It was shown that miR‐98 was significantly downregulated in chronic sciatic nerve injury (CCI) rat models. In addition, high mobility group A2 (HMGA2) was obviously upregulated in CCI rats. Overexpression of miR‐98 inhibited neuropathic pain progression, including mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia. By a bioinformatics analysis, HMGA2 was predicted as a direct target of miR‐98. The negative correlation between miR‐98 and HMGA2 was validated in our present study. Furthermore, overexpression of miR‐98 dramatically repressed HMGA2 protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. Neuroinflammation participates in neural‐immune interactions, which can contribute to the neuropathic pain development. Meanwhile, we found that inflammatory cytokine (interleukin [IL]‐6, IL‐1β, and COX‐2) protein expression in rats infected with LV‐miR‐98 was greatly suppressed. Taking these results together, we concluded that miR‐98 might depress neuropathic pain development through modulating HMGA2.
Functional rs6265 polymorphism in the brain‐derived neurotrophic factor gene confers protection against neurocognitive dysfunction in posttraumatic stress disorder among Chinese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Guo Jun‐Cheng , Yang Yi‐Jun , Zheng Jin‐Fang , Guo Min , Wang Xiao‐Dan , Gao Yun‐Suo , Fu Lin‐Qiu , Jiang Xiang‐Ling , Fu Lin‐Mei , Huang Tao 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder that plagues trauma survivors. Evidence shows that brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may be involved in the occurrence and development of PTSD. Here we tried to demonstrate whether BDNF gene polymorphisms are correlated with neurocognitive function following PTSD in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study included 102 patients with HCC complicated with PTSD, 146 HCC patients, and 152 healthy volunteers. Initially, we evaluated the neurocognitive function of the study subjects. Next, we measured BDNF G11757C and rs6265 polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism. The correlation of BDNF polymorphisms and BDNF level with HCC complicated with PTSD was evaluated. The results revealed that HCC complicated with PTSD showed decreased serum BDNF level and Mini‐mental state examination (MMSE) score. Serum BDNF level of HCC and HCC complicated with PTSD was positively correlated with MMSE score. GA + AA allele and A allele of rs6265 increased the risk of PTSD among patients with HCC. GA and AA genotypes of rs6265 were correlated with the decreased MMSE score of HCC complicated with PTSD. Haplotype GA of rs6265 and G11757C increased the risk of PTSD for HCC, while haplotype CG decreased this risk. Lastly, the logistic regression analysis suggested that low BDNF level was a contributor to HCC complicated with PTSD, while GG genotype of rs6265 served as a protective factor. Collectively, this study defines the GG genotype of BDNF rs6265 polymorphism as a protector to HCC complicated with PTSD. In addition, these results provided a promising target for PTSD prevention in patients with HCC.