bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geographical and socioeconomic differences in uptake of Pap test and mammography in Italy: results from the National Health Interview Survey
Authors: Petrelli Alessio , Giorgi Rossi Paolo , Francovich Lisa , Giordani Barbara , Di Napoli Anteo , Zappa Marco , Mirisola Concetta , Gargiulo Lidia 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveThe Italian National Health Service instituted cervical and breast cancer screening programmes in 1999; the local health authorities have a mandate to implement these screening programmes by inviting all women aged 25–64 years for a Pap test every 3 years (or for an Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) test every 5 years) and women aged 50–69 years for a mammography every 2 years. However, the implementation of screening programmes throughout the country is still incomplete. This study aims to: (1) describe cervical and breast cancer screening uptake and (2) evaluate geographical and individual socioeconomic difference in screening uptake.MethodsData both from the Italian National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) conducted by the National Institute of Statistics in 2012–2013 and from the Italian National Centre for Screening Monitoring (INCSM) were used. The NHIS interviewed a national representative random sample of 32 831 women aged 25–64 years and of 16 459 women aged 50–69 years. Logistic multilevel models were used to estimate the effect of socioeconomic variables and behavioural factors (level 1) on screening uptake. Data on screening invitation coverage at the regional level, taken from INCSM, were used as ecological (level 2) covariates.ResultsTotal 3-year Pap test and 2-year mammography uptake were 62.1% and 56.4%, respectively; screening programmes accounted for 1/3 and 1/2 of total test uptake, respectively. Strong geographical differences were observed. Uptake was associated with high educational levels, healthy behaviours, being a former smoker and being Italian versus foreign national. Differences in uptake between Italian regions were mostly explained by the invitation coverage to screening programmes.ConclusionsThe uptake of both screening programmes in Italy is still under acceptable levels. Screening programme implementation has the potential to reduce the health inequalities gap between regions but only if uptake increases.
Examining protective and buffering associations between sociocultural factors and adverse childhood experiences among American Indian adults with type 2 diabetes: a quantitative, community-based participatory research approach
Authors: Brockie Teresa N , Elm Jessica H L , Walls Melissa L 
Published: September 2018

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of select adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) among a sample of American Indian (AI) adults living with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the associations between ACEs and self-rated physical and mental health. We also examined associations between sociocultural factors and health, including possible buffering processes.DesignSurvey data for this observational study were collected using computer-assisted survey interviewing techniques between 2013 and 2015.SettingParticipants were randomly selected from AI tribal clinic facilities on five reservations in the upper Midwestern USA.ParticipantsInclusion criteria were a diagnosis of T2D, age 18 years or older and self-identified as AI. The sample includes n=192 adults (55.7% female; mean age=46.3 years).Primary measuresWe assessed nine ACEs related to household dysfunction and child maltreatment. Independent variables included social support, diabetes support and two cultural factors: spiritual activities and connectedness. Primary outcomes were self-rated physical and mental health.ResultsAn average of 3.05 ACEs were reported by participants and 81.9% (n=149) said they had experienced at least one ACE. Controlling for gender, age and income, ACEs were negatively associated with self-rated physical and mental health (p<0.05). Connectedness and social support were positively and significantly associated with physical and mental health. Involvement in spiritual activities was positively associated with mental health and diabetes-specific support was positively associated with physical health. Social support and diabetes-specific social support moderated associations between ACEs and physical health.ConclusionsThis research demonstrates inverse associations between ACEs and well-being of adult AI patients with diabetes. The findings further demonstrate the promise of social and cultural integration as a critical component of wellness, a point of relevance for all cultures. Health professionals can use findings from this study to augment their assessment of patients and guide them to health-promoting social support services and resources for cultural involvement.
Neurophysiological correlates of motor planning and movement initiation in ACL-reconstructed individuals: a case–control study
Authors: Giesche Florian , Engeroff Tobias , Wilke Jan , Niederer Daniel , Vogt Lutz , Banzer Winfried 
Published: September 2018

IntroductionCurrent evidence suggests that the loss of mechanoreceptors after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears might be compensated by increased cortical motor planning. This occupation of cerebral resources may limit the potential to quickly adapt movements to unforeseen external stimuli in the athletic environment. To date, studies investigating such neural alterations during movement focused on simple, anticipated tasks with low ecological validity. This trial, therefore, aims to investigate the cortical and biomechanical processes associated with more sport-related and injury-related movements in ACL-reconstructed individuals.Methods and analysisACL-reconstructed participants and uninjured controls will perform repetitive countermovement jumps with single leg landings. Two different conditions are to be completed: anticipated (n=35) versus unanticipated (n=35) successful landings. Under the anticipated condition, participants receive the visual information depicting the requested landing leg prior to the jump. In the unanticipated condition, this information will be provided only about 400 msec prior to landing. Neural correlates of motor planning will be measured using electroencephalography. In detail, movement-related cortical potentials, frequency spectral power and functional connectivity will be assessed. Biomechanical landing quality will be captured via a capacitive force plate. Calculated parameters encompass time to stabilisation, vertical peak ground reaction force, and centre of pressure path length. Potential systematic differences between ACL-reconstructed individuals and controls will be identified in dependence of jumping condition (anticipated/ unanticipated, injured/uninjured leg and controls) by using interference statistics. Potential associations between the cortical and biomechanical measures will be calculated by means of correlation analysis. In case of statistical significance (α<0.05.) further confounders (cofactors) will be considered.Ethics and disseminationThe independent Ethics Committee of the University of Frankfurt (Faculty of Psychology and Sports Sciences) approved the study. Publications in peer-reviewed journals are planned. The findings will be presented at scientific conferences.Trial statusAt the time of submission of this manuscript, recruitment is ongoing.Trial registration numberNCT03336060; Pre-results.
Let’s talk numbers: a qualitative study of community-dwelling US adults to understand the role of numeracy in the management of heart failure
Authors: Sterling Madeline R , Silva Ariel F , Robbins Laura , Dargar Savira K , Schapira Marilyn M , Safford Monika M 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveTo examine the perspectives of adults with heart failure (HF) about numerical concepts integral to HF self-care.SettingThis qualitative study took place at an urban academic primary care practice.ParticipantsThirty men and women aged 47–89 years with a history of HF were recruited to participate. Eligibility criteria included: a history of HF (≥1 year), seen at the clinic within the last year, and a HF hospitalisation within the last 6 months. Non-English speakers and those with severe cognitive impairment were excluded.MethodsIn-depth semistructured interviews were conducted. Participants were interviewed about numeracy across three domains of HF self-care: (1) monitoring weight,(2) maintaining a diet low in salt and (3) monitoring blood pressure. Interviews were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim and analysed using grounded theory and word cloud techniques.ResultsFive key themes reflecting participants’ attitudes towards numerical concepts pertaining to weight, diet and blood pressure were identified: (1) Communication between healthcare providers and patients is a complex, multistage process; (2) Patients possess a wide range of knowledge and understanding; (3) Social and caregiver support is critical for the application of numerical concepts; (4) Prior health experiences shape outlook towards numerical concepts and instructions and (5) Fear serves as a barrier and a facilitator to carrying out HF self-care tasks that involve numbers. The findings informed a theoretical framework of health numeracy in HF.ConclusionEffective communication of numerical concepts which pertain to HF self-care is highly variable. Many patients with HF lack basic understanding and numeracy skills required for adequate self-care. As such, patients rely on caregivers who may lack HF training. HF-specific training of caregivers and research that seeks to elucidate the intricacies of the patient–caregiver relationship in the context of health numeracy and HF self-care are warranted.
‘Mind your Moles’ study: protocol of a prospective cohort study of melanocytic naevi
Authors: Koh Uyen , Janda Monika , Aitken Joanne F , Duffy David L , Menzies Scott , Sturm Richard A , Schaider Helmut , Betz-Stablein Brigid , Prow Tarl , Soyer H Peter , Green Adele C 
Published: September 2018

IntroductionHaving many melanocytic naevi or ‘moles’ on the skin is the strongest predictor of melanoma; thus, much can be learnt from investigating naevi in the general population. We aim to improve the understanding of the epidemiology and biology of naevi by conducting a 3-year prospective study of melanocytic naevi in adults.Methods and analysisThis is a population-based cohort study of melanocytic naevi in 200 adults aged 20–69 years recruited via the Australian electoral roll. At baseline, participants will complete a questionnaire on their sun behaviour and health and undergo a clinical examination. Three-dimensional (3D) total-body photography will be used to record the images of skin lesions. Pigmented naevi will be analysed in terms of number, diameter, colour and border irregularity using automated analysis software (excluding scalp, beneath underwear and soles of feet). All naevi ≥5 mm will be recorded using the integrated dermoscopy photographic system. A saliva sample will be obtained at baseline for genomic DNA analysis of pigmentation, naevus and melanoma-associated genes using the Illumina HumanCoreExome platform. The sun behaviour and health follow-up questionnaire, clinical examination and 3D total-body photography will be repeated every 6 months for 3 years. The first 50 participants will also undergo manual counts of naevi ≥2 mm and ≥5 mm at baseline, 6-month and 12-month follow-ups. Microbiopsy and excision of naevi of research interest is planned to commence at the 18-month time point among those who agree to donate samples for detailed histopathological and molecular assessment.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the Metro South Health Human Research Ethics Committee in April 2016 (approval number: HREC/16/QPAH/125). The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed and non-peer-reviewed publications and presentations at conferences.
Archibald Geikie and landscape painting
Authors: Morrison John 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Archibald Geikie was interested in art and produced
c.
700 images in various media. Geikie's drawings and watercolours evolved in relation to the tradition of links between geology and fine art. This tradition is important in considering Geikie's visual output. His work in the Highlands and Lowlands of Scotland, in England and in France both related to that tradition and responded to differing visual codes of representation in these locations at the time he worked. Specifically, Geikie utilized a Romantic aesthetic while painting in the Scottish Highlands and adopted a more Realist approach in the Lowlands. In France and in England, his visual language can be related to well-established contemporary modes of expression. The significance of these adaptations is discussed.
Methylation of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Genomes Are Associated with Cervical Precancer in HIV-Positive Women
Authors: Gradissimo Ana , Lam Jessica , Attonito John D. , Palefsky Joel , Massad L. Stewart , Xie Xianhong , Eltoum Isam-Eldin , Rahangdale Lisa , Fischl Margaret A. , Anastos Kathryn , Minkoff Howard , Xue Xiaonan , D'Souza Gypsyamber , Flowers Lisa C. , Colie Christine , Shrestha Sadeep , Hessol Nancy A. , Strickler Howard D. , Burk Robert D. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Background:
HIV-positive women are at substantial risk of HPV-associated cervical neoplasia caused by high-risk (HR) HPVs. Methylation of the HPV genome is associated with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3) in HIV-negative women, yet it is unknown whether this holds true for HIV-positive women.

Methods:
We designed a case–control study within the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) cohort comparing HIV-positive CIN3 cases (N = 72) to HIV-positive controls without detectable CIN2+. The unit of analysis and matching was HPV-type infection. Cases with ≥2 HR-HPV types (N = 23; 32%) had a separate control for each HR-HPV type. We developed and utilized next-generation sequencing (NGS) methylation assays for 12 different HR-HPVs, focusing on CpG sites in the L1/L2 regions.

Results:
Significant case–control differences in individual CpG site methylation levels were observed for multiple alpha-9 (HPV16/31/35/58) and alpha-7 HPV (HPV18/39/45) types, based on dichotomization of tertile levels (T3 vs. T1 and T2). Analyses combining homologous CpG sites [e.g., HPV16-L1-5608/HPV31-L1-5521/HPV35-L2L1-5570; OR = 7.28; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.75–19.3], and (e.g., HPV18-L1-7062/HPV45-L1-7066; OR = 6.94; 95% CI: 1.23–39.3) were significant in separate case–control comparisons. In cases with multiple HR-HPVs, we tested and confirmed the hypothesis that one HR-HPV type would have higher methylation than other types detected, consistent with there being a single HR-HPV causally related to a lesion.

Conclusions:
CIN3 is associated with elevated L1/L2 CpG methylation levels in HIV-positive women.

Impact:
HPV DNA CpG methylation is a promising triage option in HIV-positive women testing positive for HR-HPV types and provides risk attribution in women with multiple HPV type infections.
Evaluating Guideline Adherence for T1 Bladder Cancer Treatment and Surveillance: A Retrospective German Multicenter Observation
Authors: Vetterlein Malte W. , Gild Philipp , Marks Phillip , Roschinski Julia , Doh Ousman , Höppner Wolfgang , Wagner Walter , Isbarn Hendrik , Büscheck Franziska , Sauter Guido , Dahlem Roland , Soave Armin , Fisch Margit , Rink Michael 
Published: September 2018

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> To mirror guideline-adherence for pT1 bladder cancer treatment in Northern Germany. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> Overall, 111 patients with pT1 diagnosis were treated at 4 institutions. Guideline-adherence was defined as repeat resection, instillation, and quarterly cystoscopy. Patient characteristics and pathological parameters were assessed. We summarized patients using descriptive analyses and evaluated guideline-adherence within selected subgroups. We created a multivariable model to identify predictors of guideline-adherence. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Median age was 75 years (range 39–94 years), multifocal tumors were found in 44.1%, early instillation was performed in 33.3%, and repeat resection was performed in 77.5%. Of 62.2% who underwent instillation, 59.4% received BCG, while 40.6% received Mitomycin C or other agents. Cystoscopic follow-up was performed in 81.8%. Guideline-adherence was met in 56.8%. Patients aged below the median met adherence metrics more often compared to those above the median (66.7 vs. 46.3%; <i>p</i> = 0.030). Men more frequently met adherence metrics compared to women (62.1 vs. 37.5%; <i>p</i> = 0.038). More patients with multifocal tumors met all 3 adherence metrics (69.4 vs. 48.0%; <i>p</i> = 0.050), as compared to those with unifocal lesions. In multivariable analyses, age-adjusted comorbidity (OR 0.75; 95% CI 0.59–0.94; <i>p</i> = 0.011) and multifocality (OR 2.62; 95% CI 1.09–6.27; <i>p</i> = 0.031) were predictors of guideline-adherence. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> We found non-adherence in more than one-third of patients and disparities among patients of different age and according to tumor focality. Larger samples and prospective studies are needed to delineate and eradicate treatment disadvantages in these high-risk patients.
Aquém das miragens: a negatividade no âmago da experiência
Authors: Paiva Rita 
Published: September 2018

Este artigo perscruta o modo pelo qual H. Bergson, em As duas fontes da moral e da religião, equaciona o problema da negatividade, em contraposição ao modo pelo qual abordara esse tema em A evolução criadora. Assim, busca-se, primeiramente, explicitar os vínculos estabelecidos pelo autor entre as representações negativas e os imperativos lógicos e pragmáticos, o que atribui a essas imagens um caráter fundamentalmente fictício. Em seguida, a discussão volta-se para a nova conotação que essas representações adquirem na última obra. Aqui, um certo niilismo desponta como algo intrínseco à inteligência. O caráter ontológico desse niilismo passa então a ser equacionado pelo texto, bem como suas consequências.
Sobre o estudo da filosofia indiana
Authors: Sacrini Marcus 
Published: September 2018

A tese geral deste texto é que muitas escolas indianas de pensamento podem fazer parte da formação acadêmica brasileira em filosofia. Afinal, um dos aspectos marcantes das obras filosóficas comumente estudadas em nossas instituições de ensino é a formulação de discursos argumentados, passíveis de aperfeiçoamento por meio de discussões ou debates. Ora, pode-se encontrar vários exemplos dessesdiscursos nos textos produzidos na Índia clássica.
Filosofia e análise cinematográfica
Authors: Matos Yanet Aguilera Viruez Franklin de 
Published: September 2018

A relação entre filosofia e cinema está cada vez mais presente nas reflexões dos filósofos contemporâneos. Muitos deles escreveram livros que unem pensamentos filosóficos e análises fílmicas. Em geral, esta interdiscursividade lhes permitiu pôr na berlinda a concepção de imagem pressuposta tanto na filosofia como no cinema. Trata-se de examinar as teorias e a análise que Gilles Deleuze e Jacques Rancière fizeram de Vertigo, de Alfred Hitchcock, para entender a relação que ambos estabeleceram entre filosofia e prática fílmica analítica. O objetivo final é problematizar as conexões entre imagem e narrativa, que se revelam nessa junção e que fazem parte da tradição filosófica e cinematográfica. Ao mesmo tempo, propomos uma análise que considere o texto e a linguagem cinematográfica a partir da imagem, subvertendo desta forma a abordagem tradicional.
Bataille: condição humana e literatura
Authors: Paiva Rita 
Published: September 2018

Este artigo procura explorar o modo pelo qual, segundo Georges Bataille, o humano garantiu sua persistência ao submeter-se à tensão entre a transgressão e o interdito e ao esquivar-se da sujeição plena à violência e ao desejo de aniquilamento. Em seguida, visa destacar o modo pelo qual a criação artística e o ato literário constituem atividades que nos possibilitam uma realização oblíqua e indireta deste desejo que subsiste e pulsa intensamente em nós. Sob a perspectiva deste autor, a arte e a literatura vêm ao encontro do nosso mais profundo anseio de felicidade: a superação das identidades fixas, a fusão com o ilimitado.
Association Between Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance‐Derived Left Atrial Dimensions, Electroanatomical Substrate and NT‐proANP Levels in Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Seewöster Timm , Büttner Petra , Nedios Sotirios , Sommer Philipp , Dagres Nikolaos , Schumacher Katja , Bollmann Andreas , Hilbert Sebastian , Jahnke Cosima , Paetsch Ingo , Hindricks Gerhard , Kornej Jelena 
Published: September 2018

Background

Enlargement of left atrial (
LA
) size indicates advanced disease stage in patients with atrial fibrillation (
AF
) and is associated with poor success of different
AF
therapies. Two dimensional echocardiographic
LA
measurements do not reliably reflect the true size of
LA
anatomy. The aim of the current study was: 1) to analyze cardiovascular magnetic resonance (
CMR
)‐derived
LA
dimensions and their association with low voltage areas (
LVA
); and 2) to investigate the association between these parameters and
NT
‐pro
ANP
(N‐terminal proatrial natriuretic peptide) levels.

Methods and Results

Patients undergoing first
AF
catheter ablation were included. All patients underwent
CMR
imaging (Ingenia 1.5T Philips) before intervention.
CMR
data (
LA
volume, superior–inferior, transversal and anterior–posterior
LA
diameters) were measured in all patients.
LVA
were determined using high‐density maps and a low voltage threshold <0.5 mV. Blood plasma samples from femoral vein were collected before catheter ablation.
NT
‐pro
ANP
levels were studied using commercially available assays. There were 216 patients (65±11 years, 59% males, 56% persistent
AF
, 26%
LVA
) included into analyses.
NT
‐pro
ANP
levels in patients with
LVA
were significantly higher than in those without (median/interquartile range 22 [13–29] versus 15 [9–22] pg/mL,
P
=0.004). All
CMR
derived
LA
diameters correlated significantly with persistent
AF
(
r
²=0.291–0.468, all
P
<0.001),
LVA
(
r
²=0.187–0.306, all
P
<0.001), and
NT
‐pro
ANP
levels (
r
²=0.258–0.352,
P
<0.01). On logistic regression multivariable analysis, age (odds ratio=1.090, 95% confidence interval: 1.030–1.153,
P
=0.003), females (odds ratio=2.686, 95% confidence interval: 1.047–6.891,
P
=0.040), and
LA
volume (odds ratio=1.022, 95% confidence interval: 1.009–1.035,
P
=0.001) remained significant predictors for
LVA
.

Conclusions

Left atrial
CMR
parameters are associated with persistent
AF
, low voltage areas and
NT
‐pro
ANP
levels.
LA
volume is the most significant predictor for
LVA
.