bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Position of the Ibero‐American Society of Neurourology and Urogynecology in relation to the use of synthetic suburethral meshes for the surgical treatment of female stress incontinence
Authors: Müller‐Arteaga Carlos , Martín Martinez Alicia , Padilla‐Fernández Bárbara , Blasco Hernández Pedro , Espuña Pons Montserrat , Cruz Francisco , Errando‐Smet Carlos , Martínez‐García Roberto , Vicente Palacio Eduardo , Castro Díaz David , López‐Fando Luis , Madurga Patuel Blanca , Ros Cerro Cristina , Arlandis Guzmán Salvador 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimsThe aim of this paper is to stablish de position of the Ibero‐American Society of Neurourology and Urogynecology (SINUG) in relation to the use of suburethral meshes for the surgical treatment of female stress incontinence.MethodsTension‐free mid‐urethral slings (MUS) have become the most popular procedure for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI). In July 2018, the British government announced a pause in the use of meshes for both pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and urinary incontinence (UI) treatment without differentiating whether the meshes were used for treating UI or POP. The decision was taken to stop their use until the publication of the updated UI and POP guidelines of the British National Health Service, which is available from April 2019.SINUG has reviewed the evidence and official position of different societies in relation to the safety and efficacy of MUS in the surgical treatment of incontinence differentiating them from meshes used to repair POP.ResultsData from synthetic mesh manufacturers indicate that in 2010, 300 000 women underwent surgical procedures to repair POP and approximately 260 000 were operated on for SUI. According to these estimates, approximately more than 80% of the surgical techniques for UI treatment were performed transvaginally with meshes.ConclusionsOnce reviewed evidence and position of different societies, the SINUG presents its vision in this communication, which is a summary of the document analysing the state of topic prepared by the society.
Learning Gaps and Family Experience, Nurse‐Facilitated Home Parenteral Nutrition Simulation‐Based Discharge Training: Proof‐of‐Concept Study
Authors: Raphael Bram P. , Takvorian‐Bené Melissa , Gallotto Mary , Tascione Christina , McClelland Jennifer , Rosa Carolyn , Dinan Jessica , O'Connell Brianna , Weinstock Peter 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundHome parenteral nutrition (HPN) is a life‐sustaining therapy for children and adults suffering with severe digestive diseases, yet complications are commonplace, and predischarge trainings are variable. High‐fidelity simulation training provides participants with an immersive experience using realistic equipment, supplies, and scenarios. Simulation training is rapidly becoming a potential gold standard for healthcare but is currently underutilized for families and caregivers.MethodsWe prospectively collected data on pediatric patients managed at a single HPN program from September 1, 2016, to September 30, 2018. Participants in a pilot simulation‐based training program (orientation, high‐fidelity mannequin, realistic homelike space, standardized clinical scenarios, and structured debriefing) were compared with historical controls. We excluded patients with short‐term HPN use and strictly palliative goals of care.ResultsNineteen (90%) families participated in the pilot initiative with a median (interquartile range) age of 0.9 (3.7) years and diagnosis of short‐bowel syndrome in 14 (74%). During teaching scenarios, learning gaps were identified for aseptic needleless changes (53%), HPN equipment setup (84%) with specific difficulty adding multivitamin (32%), and dressing changes (63%). Thirty‐day readmission rates in simulation‐based training group vs historical cases were 42% vs 63% (P = not significant). There was no difference in length of stay between groups. All (100%) simulation‐based training group participants would recommend this learning experience to others.ConclusionHPN discharge training is a novel use for high‐fidelity simulation to address family/caregiver satisfaction and to identify learning gaps. Further studies are needed to refine predischarge training materials and examine the impact on postdischarge outcomes.
Influence of smectite and salinity on the imaginary and surface conductivity of volcanic rocks
Authors: Lévy Léa , Weller Andreas , Gibert Benoit 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTWe investigate the complex conductivity behaviour of natural volcanic rocks containing variable amounts of smectite in multi‐salinity experiments. We compare the results with relationships established for sandstones. Considering only samples with little volume of metallic particles, we observe similar and small phase‐angles at low frequency for all samples at all salinities (less than 25 mrad at 1 Hz). Yet, a wide range of cation exchange capacity, porosity and formation factor is covered by the sample set: 0.5–50 meq/100 g, 4–40% and 18–780, respectively. Our results show that, in the absence of metallic particles, the ratio between imaginary conductivity and surface conductivity is significantly lower for altered volcanic rocks than for sandstones and decreases with the smectite content. These observations indicate that an increased smectite content causes more conduction and less polarization, which could be explained by the onset of a continuous conduction pathway throughout connected interfoliar spaces of smectite. Due to this pathway, cations from the pore fluid may penetrate the solid lattice, for example through connected smectite aggregates clogging the fracture network, thus preventing polarization. We also observe that the relationship between imaginary conductivity and surface conductivity, at one salinity or over the whole salinity range, is not more significant than the relationship between the imaginary conductivity and the total real conductivity. Therefore, we suggest that the imaginary conductivity cannot be used to discriminate the contributions from smectite and pore water to the total conductivity of altered volcanic rocks.
Molecular Bottle Brushes with Positioned Selenols: Extending the Toolbox of Oxidative Single Polymer Chain Folding with Conformation Analysis by Atomic Force Microscopy
Authors: Schué Emmanuelle , Kopyshev Alexey , Lutz Jean‐François , Börner Hans G. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTA synthesis route to controlled and dynamic single polymer chain folding is reported. Sequence‐controlled macromolecules containing precisely located selenol moieties within a polymer chain are synthesized. Oxidation of selenol functionalities lead to diselenide bridges and induces controlled intramolecular crosslinking to generate single chain collapse. The cyclization process is successfully characterized by SEC as well as by 1H NMR and 2D HSQC NMR spectroscopies. In order to gain insight on the molecular level to reveal the degree of structural control, the folded polymers are transformed into folded molecular brushes that are known to be visualizable as single molecule structures by AFM. The “grafting onto” approach is performed by using triazolinedione−diene reaction to graft the side chain polymers. A series of folded molecular brushes as well as the corresponding linear controls are synthesized. AFM visualization is proving the cyclization of the folded backbone by showing globular objects, where non‐folded brushes show typical worm‐like structures. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci. 2020, 58, 154–162
Predictors for plication performance following diaphragmatic paralysis in children
Authors: Goldberg Lior , Krauthammer Alexander , Ashkenazi Moshe , Soudack Michal , Tokatly Latzer Itay , Vardi Amir , Paret Gideon 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroduction and ObjectivesDiaphragmatic paralysis (DP) in children can result from various etiologies. Guidelines for patient selection for diaphragmatic plication (DPL) are lacking. Our objectives were to describe the etiologies of DP and to determine the risk factors and predictors for DPL in the pediatric population.MethodsRetrospective data were retrieved from departmental databases on patients with DP from the pediatric, cardiac, and neonatal intensive care departments of Safra Children's Hospital from 2010 to 2017.ResultsDP was diagnosed in 88 patients, 29 with noncardiac surgery‐related etiologies, for example, congenital, surgery, trauma, and shock and 59 with cardiac surgery‐related etiologies. In total, 27 (31%) patients underwent DPL, and they had significant comorbidities involving respiratory, central nervous, and cardiovascular systems, higher lung injury scores, and lower weight compared with the patients who did not undergo DPL (P = .002, P = .002, P < .001, P = .012, and P = .013, respectively). A multivariate regression model revealed significant independent predictors for DPL, including morbidities of central nervous (odds ratio [OR = 9.651, P = .005), respiratory (OR = 4.875, P = .039), and cardiovascular systems (OR = 23.938, P = .001).ConclusionsEtiologies of DP are very diverse in the pediatric population. Comorbidities of respiratory, central nervous, and cardiovascular systems are risk factors for plication requirement in respiratory support‐dependent pediatric patients with DP. Early DPL should be considered in these patients.
Critical assessment of methods of protein structure prediction (CASP)—Round XIII
Authors: Kryshtafovych Andriy , Schwede Torsten , Topf Maya , Fidelis Krzysztof , Moult John 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCASP (critical assessment of structure prediction) assesses the state of the art in modeling protein structure from amino acid sequence. The most recent experiment (CASP13 held in 2018) saw dramatic progress in structure modeling without use of structural templates (historically “ab initio” modeling). Progress was driven by the successful application of deep learning techniques to predict inter‐residue distances. In turn, these results drove dramatic improvements in three‐dimensional structure accuracy: With the proviso that there are an adequate number of sequences known for the protein family, the new methods essentially solve the long‐standing problem of predicting the fold topology of monomeric proteins. Further, the number of sequences required in the alignment has fallen substantially. There is also substantial improvement in the accuracy of template‐based models. Other areas—model refinement, accuracy estimation, and the structure of protein assemblies—have again yielded interesting results. CASP13 placed increased emphasis on the use of sparse data together with modeling and chemical crosslinking, SAXS, and NMR all yielded more mature results. This paper summarizes the key outcomes of CASP13. The special issue of PROTEINS contains papers describing the CASP13 assessments in each modeling category and contributions from the participants.
Global epidemiology of nonpolio enteroviruses causing severe neurological complications: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Suresh Sarika , Rawlinson William D. , Andrews Peter Ian , Stelzer‐Braid Sacha 
Published: October 2019

SummaryEnteroviruses are RNA viruses found as commensals in the human gut and respiratory system, which may cause a wide spectrum of disease. Enteroviruses may cause severe neurologic complications including acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) and encephalitis and are the most commonly diagnosed agents of viral meningitis. Outbreaks of more severe disease are often associated with particular genotypes, such as enterovirus‐A71 causing rhombencephalitis and AFP. There are more than 300 described genotypes of human enterovirus, with overlaps in clinical phenotypes between genotypes, and uncertainty about which genotypes are more prevalent in neurological manifestations.A systematic review of observational studies was conducted to evaluate the most prevalent enterovirus genotypes causing AFP, encephalitis, and meningitis. The genotyping methods and sampling sites were compiled as secondary outcomes. Sources included MEDLINE, Embase (publications until January 2019), and references selected from included studies. Meta‐analyses using a random effects model were performed to calculate the pooled proportion of enterovirus genotypes in each disease.Ninety‐six publications met the eligibility criteria, comprising 3779 AFP cases, 1140 encephalitis cases, and 32 810 meningitis cases. Enterovirus‐A71 was most frequently associated with AFP (pooled proportion 0.12, 95% CI, 0.05‐0.20) and encephalitis (0.77, 95% CI, 0.61‐0.91). Echovirus 30 (0.35, 95% CI, 0.27‐0.42) was the most predominant genotype in meningitis cases. Genotypes were most commonly determined using VP1 RT‐ reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction, and most samples assessed were cerebrospinal fluid.With the emergence of enteroviruses as an increasing cause of neurological diseases, surveillance and testing need to increase to identify the aetiology of the most common and most severe disorders.
Lipopeptide‐Based Nanosome‐Mediated Delivery of Hyperaccurate CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein for Gene Editing
Authors: Thach Trung Thanh , Bae Do Hyun , Kim Nam Hyeong , Kang Eun Sung , Lee Bok Soo , Han Kayoung , Kwak Minsuk , Choi Hojae , Nam JiYoung , Bae Taegeun , Suh Minah , Hur Junho K. , Kim Yong Ho 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA transient cytosolic delivery system for accurate Cas9 ribonucleoprotein is a key factor for target specificity of the CRIPSR/Cas9 toolkit. Owing to the large size of the Cas9 protein and a long negative strand RNA, the development of the delivery system is still a major challenge. Here, a size‐controlled lipopeptide‐based nanosome system is reported, derived from the blood‐brain barrier‐permeable dNP2 peptide which is capable of delivering a hyperaccurate Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complex (HypaRNP) into human cells for gene editing. Each nanosome is capable of encapsulating and delivering ≈2 HypaRNP molecules into the cytoplasm, followed by nuclear localization at 4 h post‐treatment without significant cytotoxicity. The HypaRNP thus efficiently enacts endogenous eGFP silencing and editing in human embryonic kidney cells (up to 27.6%) and glioblastoma (up to 19.7% frequency of modification). The lipopeptide‐based nanosome system shows superior delivery efficiency, high controllability, and simplicity, thus providing biocompatibility and versatile platform approach for CRISPR‐mediated transient gene editing applications.
Designing a Multifunctional Separator for High‐Performance Li–S Batteries at Elevated Temperature
Authors: He Yibo , Wu Shichao , Li Qi , Zhou Haoshen 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe practical applications of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are seriously limited by the undesirable polysulfide shuttling and lithium dendrite growth. Herein, a multifunctional membrane is designed and prepared by coating a lithiated Nafion (Li@Nafion) layer and an Al2O3 layer on the two sides of a routine polymer membrane (polypropylene/polyethylene/polypropylene, PEP). The Li@Nafion layer faced to the sulfur cathode builds a “polysulfide‐phobic” surface to restrain the shuttle effect via Coulomb repulsion, while the Al2O3 layer with a uniform porous structure aids in regulating homogeneous Li+ fluxes to achieve stable Li electrodeposition. As a result, the Li//Li symmetric cell with a Li@Nafion/PEP/Al2O3 (LNPA) separator realizes stable Li plating/striping even after 1000 h at a high current density (5 mA cm−2). Moreover, the Li–S batteries incorporating LNPA separators not only can achieve excellent outstanding cyclic stability at an ultrahigh sulfur loading (7.6 mg cm−2), but also exhibit impressive electrochemical performance at an elevated temperature (60 °C). The rational design of the LNPA separator presents new insights to develop high‐performance Li–S batteries.
NiFe Oxalate Nanomesh Array with Homogenous Doping of Fe for Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation
Authors: Gao Xueqing , Chen Dandan , Qi Jing , Li Fang , Song Yanji , Zhang Wei , Cao Rui 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNiFe‐based materials have shown impressive electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The mutual effect between proximate Ni and Fe atoms is essential in regulating the electronic structure of the active site to boost the OER kinetics. Detailed studies confirm that the separated monometal phases in NiFe‐based materials are detrimental to OER. Thus, the high‐level blending of Ni and Fe in NiFe‐based OER electrocatalysts is critical. Herein, an NiFe oxalate nanomesh array based on solid solutions between nickel (II) oxalate and iron (II) oxalate is prepared through a facile surfactant‐free approach in the presence of the reductive oxalate anions. The integrated electrode can efficiently catalyze water oxidation to reach a current density of 50 mA cm−2 with a small overpotential of 203 mV in a 1.0 m KOH aqueous solution. The high efficiency can be attributed to the atomic level mix of Ni and Fe in the solid solutions and the hierarchical porous structure of the nanomesh array. These two aspects bring about fast kinetics, efficient mass diffusion, and quick charge transfer, which are the three major positive factors for a high‐performance heterogenous electrocatalyst.
About adopting a systemic approach to design connected embedded systems: A MOOC promoting systems thinking and systems engineering
Authors: Baron Claude , Daniel‐Allegro Brigitte 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA connected embedded system is a complex system that integrates hardware and software elements and has real‐time interactions with its environment. Developing such a system requires having a systemic approach, based on systems thinking and systems engineering (SE). Systems thinking demonstrates the need of adopting an interdisciplinary approach (not only technology focused but also considering societal or regulatory commitments), that is essential to explore the whole embedded systems field. SE enables learners acquiring a method which provides the means to set up a consistent design and management plan that fully integrates a product development. This paper describes how a MOOC has been designed and produced to promote the use of a systemic approach when developing connected embedded systems. The MOOC uses different case studies in order to progressively develop system thinker's skills for identifying and solving a variety of problems raised during the design of a connected embedded system. Launched in 2016, it attracted more than 10.800 learners in less than 2 years. What led to such a success is certainly because the team that created the MOOC experienced a collaborative and integrative approach, namely a systemic approach, that also revealed its benefits in this educative project.
Customer value in lean product development: Conceptual model for incremental innovations
Authors: Santos Ana Carolina Oliveira , da Silva Carlos Eduardo Sanches , Braga Rodrigo Aparecido da Silva , Corrêa João Éderson , de Almeida Fabricio Alves 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAs the lean product development (LPD) process is responsible for maximizing the value/waste relation by encouraging different types of innovation, it needs a clear understanding of end customer value. Moreover, lean systems engineering is related to the application of lean thinking (LT) in systems engineering to improve the delivery of value to all stakeholders of the system. Then, faced with this scenario, this research aims to propose a value‐adding conceptual model for incremental product innovations in LPD. A systematic review of the literature from the LT perspective was performed and the conceptions of value were identified and then analyzed and contrasted with the concepts and characteristics of the areas of product development, marketing, and consumer psychology, which made possible the proposition of a conceptual model. The results show that customer value is multidimensional, and it was possible to identify the importance and the need for prioritization of certain dimensions of value for specific markets and customers. The conceptual model named VA2I presented in this study is generic and can be adapted and applied in any type of organization.
Carotenoids as natural functional pigments
Authors: Maoka Takashi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Carotenoids are tetraterpene pigments that are distributed in photosynthetic bacteria, some species of archaea and fungi, algae, plants, and animals. About 850 naturally occurring carotenoids had been reported up until 2018. Photosynthetic bacteria, fungi, algae, and plants can synthesize carotenoids de novo. Carotenoids are essential pigments in photosynthetic organs along with chlorophylls. Carotenoids also act as photo-protectors, antioxidants, color attractants, and precursors of plant hormones in non-photosynthetic organs of plants. Animals cannot synthesize carotenoids de novo, and so those found in animals are either directly accumulated from food or partly modified through metabolic reactions. So, animal carotenoids show structural diversity. Carotenoids in animals play important roles such precursors of vitamin A, photo-protectors, antioxidants, enhancers of immunity, and contributors to reproduction. In the present review, I describe the structural diversity, function, biosyntheses, and metabolism of natural carotenoids.
Association between enrollment factors and incident cognitive impairment in Blacks and Whites: Data from the Alzheimer's Disease Center
Authors: Gleason Carey E. , Norton Derek , Zuelsdorff Megan , Benton Susan F. , Wyman Mary F. , Nystrom Naomi , Lambrou Nickolas , Salazar Hector , Koscik Rebecca L. , Jonaitis Erin , Carter Fabu , Harris Brieanna , Gee Alexander , Chin Nathaniel , Ketchum Frederick , Johnson Sterling C. , Edwards Dorothy F. , Carlsson Cynthia M. , Kukull Walter , Asthana Sanjay 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroductionWe examined the influence of enrollment factors demonstrated to differ by race on incident mild cognitive impairment and dementia using Alzheimer's Disease Center data.MethodsDifferences in rates of incident impairment between non‐Latino Whites and Blacks (n = 12,242) were examined with age‐at‐progression survival models. Models included race, sex, education, source of recruitment, health factors, and family history of dementia.ResultsNo significant race differences in progression were observed in cognitively unimpaired participants. In those with mild cognitive impairment at baseline, Whites evidenced greater risk for progression than Blacks. Enrollment factors, for example, referral source, were significantly related to progression.DiscussionThe finding that Blacks demonstrated lower rate of progression than Whites is contrary to the extant literature. Nested‐regression analyses suggested that selection‐related factors, differing by race, may account for these findings and influence our ability to accurately estimate risk for progression. It is potentially problematic to make racial comparisons using Alzheimer's Disease Center data sets.