bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnosing ovarian cancer by identifying SCC‐antigen on a multiwalled carbon nanotube‐modified dielectrode sensor
Authors: Liang Ting , Qu Qiuzhi , Chang Yuhua , Gopinath Subash Chandra Bose , Liu Xian Tong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOvarian cancer starts in the ovaries in its earlier stages and then spreads to the pelvis, uterus, and abdominal region. The success of an ovarian cancer treatment depends on the stage of the cancer and the diagnostic system. Squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC‐Ag) is one of the most efficient cancer biomarkers, and elevated levels of SCC‐Ag in ovarian cancer cells have been used to identify ovarian cancer. Carbon is a potential material for biosensing applications due to its thermal, electrical, and physical properties. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are carbon‐based materials that can be used here to detect SCC‐Ag. Anti‐SCC‐Ag antibody was immobilized on the amine‐modified MWCNT dielectric sensing surface to detect SCC‐Ag. The uniformity of the surface structure was measured with a 3D nanoprofiler, and the results confirmed the detection of SCC‐Ag at ∼80 pM. The specific detection of SCC‐Ag was confirmed with two control proteins (factor IX and human serum albumin), and the system did not show biofouling. This experimental set‐up with MWCNTs a dielectric sensing surface can lead to the detection of ovarian cancer in its initial stages.
Investigations of the kinetic energy parameters of irradiated (La)‐doped phosphate glass
Authors: El‐Nashar Hassan F. , El‐Kinawy Mohamed , El‐Faramawy Nabil 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe current study characterizes and analyzes glow curves obtained from phosphate glass doped with different concentrations of lanthanum. Kinetic parameters of the glow curves obtained from beta‐irradiated phosphate glass samples doped with lanthanum were determined using a newly designed deconvoluted software. The obtained results from the analyses indicated that the glow curves of the phosphate glass samples were composed of five overlapping peaks. The activation energies of the five electron traps were located between 0.622 and 1.133 eV. The obtained kinetic parameters were evaluated using the designed software and another two methods and all revealed good agreement. The first three traps displayed non‐first‐order behaviour, while the two deep traps obeyed nearly first‐order kinetics.
The Biological Applications of Two Aggregation‐Induced Emission Luminogens
Authors: Gu Meijia , Zeng Zixuan , Xing Mai , Xiong Yige , Deng Zixin , Chen Shi , Wang Lianrong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFluorescence imaging, as a commonly used scientific tool, is widely applied in various biomedical and material structures through visualization technology. Highly selective and sensitive luminescent biological probes, as well as those with good water solubility, are urgently needed for biomedical research. In contrast to the traditional aggregation‐caused quenching of fluorescence, in the unique phenomenon of aggregation‐induced emission (AIE), the individual luminogens have extremely weak or no emissivity because they each have free intramolecular motion; however, when they form aggregates, these components immediately “light up”. Since the discovery of “turn‐on” mechanism, researchers have been studying and applying AIE in a variety of fields to develop more sensitive, selective, and efficient strategies for the AIE dyes. There are numerous advantages to the use of AIE‐based methods, including low background interference, strong contrast, high performance in intracellular imaging, and the ability for long‐term monitoring in vivo. In this review, two typical examples of AIEgens, TPE‐Cy and TPE‐Ph‐In, are described, including their structure properties and applications. Recent progress in the biological applications is mainly focused on. Undoubtedly, in the near future, an increasing number of encouraging and practical ideas will promote the development of more AIEgens for broad use in biomedical applications.
Gold Immunochromatography Assay for the Rapid Detection of Spiramycin in Milk and Beef Samples Based on a Monoclonal Antibody
Authors: Guo Lingling , Liu Liqiang , Xu Liguang , Kuang Hua , Cui Gang , Xu Chuanlai 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSpiramycin (SP) residues in food do harm to human health. It is necessary to establish rapid detection method for SP. In this work, a monoclonal antibody (mAb)‐based gold immunochromatography assay (GICA) is developed for the rapid detection of SP. Under optimum conditions, the half‐maximal inhibitory concentration of SP‐mAb is 0.43 ng mL–1. The subtype of SP‐mAb is IgG2b. This antibody has no cross‐reactivity with other analogues and has high affinity (4.52 × 1010 L mol–1). Qualitative results can be visualized with the naked eye, with a visual detection limit of 1.0 ng mL–1 and cut‐off value of 10 ng mL–1. A hand‐held strip scanner is used for the quantitative analysis, with LOD 0.43 ng mL–1 in assay buffer. The recoveries of SP ranged from 72.3% to 112% in milk and 98.5% to 115% in beef, with variable coefficient ranging from 9.4% to 11.7% in milk and 8.14% to 15.4% in beef. Besides, the proposed GICA method for SP is confirmed by LC–MS/MS in SP‐spiked milk and beef samples. Overall, the developed GICA can be a useful tool for SP residues on‐site screening in milk and beef samples.
Quantitative determination of artemisinin in rat hemolyzed plasma by an HPLC–HRMS method
Authors: Wang Yulin , Wang Yueyue , Sun Yuming 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIron present in hemolyzed plasma could cause the degradation of artemisinin by reductively cleaving the peroxide bridge of artemisinin during sample preparation, which is a significant technical challenge for artemisinin determination. In this paper, this issue was resolved by using sodium nitrite as methemoglobin‐forming agent to oxidize hemoglobin to methemoglobin in the presence of acetic acid and prevent the degradation of artemisinin in hemolyzed plasma during the sample preparation procedure. Then, a high‐performance liquid chromatography tandem high‐resolution mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the determination of artemisinin in normal and hemolyzed plasma. The linear range was validated over the concentration range of 5–500 ng ml−1. The matrix effect and stability were also evaluated. This robust and sensitive assay was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study in rats after an oral administration of Artemisia annua L. extract.
Liquid‐Liquid Equilibrium and Interfacial Properties of the System Water + Hexylacetate + 1‐Hexanol
Authors: Danzer Andreas , Enders Sabine 
Published: August 2019

AbstractExperimental and theoretical investigations of the phase diagram and the interfacial tension are presented. The theoretical framework was able to predict the phase behavior and the interfacial tension with a high accuracy, where only binary experimental data enter the model parameter. The theory permits the calculation of the concentration profiles across the interface. The profiles show that 1‐hexanol will be enriched, which was expected. In same circumstances a competition between hexylacetate and 1‐hexanol was figured out leading to slight minima in the profile of 1‐hexanol.
Computational instantaneous wave‐free ratio (IFR) for patient‐specific coronary artery stenoses using 1D network models
Authors: Carson Jason M. , Roobottom Carl , Alcock Robin , Nithiarasu Perumal 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this work, we estimate the diagnostic threshold of the instantaneous wave‐free ratio (iFR) through the use of a one‐dimensional haemodynamic framework. To this end, we first compared the computed fractional flow reserve (cFFR) predicted from a 1D computational framework with invasive clinical measurements. The framework shows excellent promise and utilises minimal patient data from a cohort of 52 patients with a total of 66 stenoses. The diagnostic accuracy of the cFFR model was 75.76%, with a sensitivity of 71.43%, a specificity of 77.78%, a positive predictive value of 60%, and a negative predictive value of 85.37%. The validated model was then used to estimate the diagnostic threshold of iFR. The model determined a quadratic relationship between cFFR and the ciFR. The iFR diagnostic threshold was determined to be 0.8910 from a receiver operating characteristic curve that is in the range of 0.89 to 0.9 that is normally reported in clinical studies.
Cultural intelligence as education contents: Exploring the pedagogical aspects of effective functioning in higher education
Authors: Hong Jong Youl , Ko Hoon , Mesicek Libor , Song MoonBae 
Published: August 2019

SummaryAcademic discussions on cultural intelligence (CQ) are now paying attention to their potential utilization from various angles. The field of study is expanded not only in business administration but also in psychology, education, tourism, communication, and arts. This is due to the widespread study of global communication competence in multicultural situations because of the deepening of globalization. In this paper, we try to find a way to utilize cultural intelligence model proposed by David Livermore. The aim is to develop education contents for the improvement of cultural intelligence of university students. The target is limited to university students and aims to develop education contents to enhance their cultural intelligence. The main purpose of the study was to measure and analyze the cultural intelligence of university students. For that, the level of cultural intelligence of Korean university freshmen was measured and analyzed. The individual level of the four areas constituting the cultural intelligence was identified, and the difference between the male and female was examined. At the same time, the differences in cultural intelligence were analyzed according to the duration of multicultural contact and experience in the case of foreign language lectures taught by foreigners. Finally, we analyzed how the correlation between the four areas that comprise cultural intelligence is occurring, and as a result, the content and results of this study are expected to be an important foundation for the direction of future development of education contents in universities.
High‐Throughput Screening of Protein‐Detergent Complexes Using Fluorescence Polarization Spectroscopy
Authors: Wolfe Aaron J. , Parella Kyle J. , Movileanu Liviu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article provides detailed protocols for a high‐throughput fluorescence polarization (FP) spectroscopy approach to disentangle the interactions of membrane proteins with solubilizing detergents. Existing techniques for examining the membrane protein‐detergent complex (PDC) interactions are low throughput and require high amounts of proteins. Here, we describe a 96‐well analytical approach, which facilitates a scalable analysis of the PDC interactions at low‐nanomolar concentrations of membrane proteins in native solutions. At detergent concentrations much greater than the equilibrium dissociation constant of the PDC, Kd, the FP anisotropy reaches a saturated value, so it is independent of the detergent concentration. On the contrary, at detergent concentrations comparable with or lower than the Kd, the FP anisotropy readout undergoes a time‐dependent decrease, exhibiting a sensitive and specific detergent‐dissociation signature. Our approach can also be used for determining the kinetic rate constants of association and dissociation. With further development, these protocols might be used in various arenas of membrane protein research that pertain to extraction, solubilization, and stabilization. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Axial wall angulation for rotational resistance in a theoretical‐maxillary premolar model
Authors: Bowley John F. , Lee Po , Lai Wen‐Fu Thomas 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the influence of short base lengths and supplemental grooves on surface area and rotational resistance in a simulated‐maxillary premolar.Materials and MethodsTrigonometric calculations were done to determine the total surface area with and without supplemental grooves. Additional computations were done to determine the maximum wall angle needed to resist rotation displacement in a premolar‐sized model. Wall heights of 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 mm were used in the surface area and rotational axis computations. The rotational axis was located on the lingual restoration margin to produce a buccal‐to‐lingual rotational displacement.ResultsTotal surface area decreased with increasing four‐wall taper levels from 2° to 18° and decreasing preparation heights from 5 to 3 mm. Significant surface area improvements were found with the supplemental use of mesial and distal axial grooves compared with the same condition without grooves in all taper levels and preparation height categories. Resistance to rotational displacement was determined to occur at only at very low levels of opposing wall taper angles. The use of supplemental grooves on mesial and distal axial walls significantly improved both total surface area and rotational resistance.ConclusionsThe vertical wall taper angles, preparation heights, and supplemental grooves play a role in resistance form and restoration stability.
A bias‐reduced solution for target localization with illuminator of opportunity passive radar
Authors: Li Mingzhe , Li Xiaojiang , Wang Shen 
Published: August 2019

SummaryAn improved solution for target localization on the basis of the realistic distance‐dependent noises in illuminator of opportunity passive radar and an algebraic reduction method of the bias, which exists in the two‐stage weighted least squares (TSWLS) method is proposed. The classic TSWLS and its improved solutions have great localization performances just on the basis of two approximations; that is, setting the noise to a constant and ignoring the high‐order terms of measurement noises. It is these two approximations that lead to a suboptimal solution with bias. The bias of TSWLS has a significant influence on the target localization in illuminator of opportunity passive radar that has lower measurement accuracy and higher noises than common radars. Therefore, this paper starts by taking into consideration the realistic distance‐dependent characteristics of time‐of‐arrival (TOA) and frequency‐of‐arrival (FOA) noises and improving TSWLS method. Then, the bias of the improved TSWLS method is analyzed and an algebraic bias‐reduced solution on the basis of weighted least squares (WLS) is developed. Numerical simulations demonstrate that, compared with the existing methods, the proposed bias‐reduced solution attains the Cramer‐Rao lower bound (CRLB) better and reduces the bias effectively.
Nonlinear gene expression‐phenotype relationships contribute to variation and clefting in the A/WySn mouse
Authors: Green Rebecca M. , Leach Courtney L. , Diewert Virginia M. , Aponte Jose David , Schmidt Eric J. , Cheverud James M. , Roseman Charles C. , Young Nathan M. , Marcucio Ralph S. , Hallgrimsson Benedikt 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundCleft lip and palate is one of the most common human birth defects, but the underlying etiology is poorly understood. The A/WySn mouse is a spontaneously occurring model of multigenic clefting in which 20% to 30% of individuals develop an orofacial cleft. Recent work has shown altered methylation at a specific retrotransposon insertion downstream of the Wnt9b locus in clefting animals, which results in decreased Wnt9b expression.ResultsUsing a newly developed protocol that allows us to measure morphology, gene expression, and DNA methylation in the same embryo, we relate gene expression in an individual embryo directly to its three‐dimensional morphology for the first time. We find that methylation at the retrotransposon relates to Wnt9b expression and morphology. IAP methylation relates to shape of the nasal process in a manner consistent with clefting. Embryos with low IAP methylation exhibit increased among‐individual variance in facial shape.ConclusionsMethylation and gene expression relate nonlinearly to nasal process morphology. Individuals at one end of a continuum of phenotypic states display a clinical phenotype and increased phenotypic variation. Variable penetrance and expressivity in this model is likely determined both by among‐individual variation in methylation and changes in phenotypic robustness along the underlying liability distribution for orofacial clefting.
Matching population diversity of rhizobial nodA and legume NFR5 genes in plant–microbe symbiosis
Authors: Igolkina Anna A. , Bazykin Georgii A. , Chizhevskaya Elena P. , Provorov Nikolai A. , Andronov Evgeny E. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe hypothesized that population diversities of partners in nitrogen‐fixing rhizobium–legume symbiosis can be matched for “interplaying” genes. We tested this hypothesis using data on nucleotide polymorphism of symbiotic genes encoding two components of the plant–bacteria signaling system: (a) the rhizobial nodA acyltransferase involved in the fatty acid tail decoration of the Nod factor (signaling molecule); (b) the plant NFR5 receptor required for Nod factor binding. We collected three wild‐growing legume species together with soil samples adjacent to the roots from one large 25‐year fallow: Vicia sativa, Lathyrus pratensis, and Trifolium hybridum nodulated by one of the two Rhizobium leguminosarum biovars (viciae and trifolii). For each plant species, we prepared three pools for DNA extraction and further sequencing: the plant pool (30 plant indiv.), the nodule pool (90 nodules), and the soil pool (30 samples). We observed the following statistically significant conclusions: (a) a monotonic relationship between the diversity in the plant NFR5 gene pools and the nodule rhizobial nodA gene pools; (b) higher topological similarity of the NFR5 gene tree with the nodA gene tree of the nodule pool, than with the nodA gene tree of the soil pool. Both nonsynonymous diversity and Tajima's D were increased in the nodule pools compared with the soil pools, consistent with relaxation of negative selection and/or admixture of balancing selection. We propose that the observed genetic concordance between NFR5 gene pools and nodule nodA gene pools arises from the selection of particular genotypes of the nodA gene by the host plant.
Normal foetal kidney volume in offspring of women treated for gestational diabetes
Authors: Hokke Stacey , de Zoysa Natasha , Carr Bethany L. , Abruzzo Veronica , Coombs Peter R. , Allan Carolyn A. , East Christine , Ingelfinger Julie R. , Puelles Victor G. , Black Mary J. , Ryan Danica , Armitage James A. , Wallace Euan M. , Bertram John F. , Cullen‐McEwen Luise A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimsThe worldwide prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing. Studies in rodent models indicate that hyperglycaemia during pregnancy alters kidney development, yet few studies have examined if this is so in humans. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of treated GDM with foetal kidney size.Materials and MethodsParticipants were recruited from an Australian tertiary hospital, and clinical data were collected from women without GDM and women diagnosed and treated for GDM and their offspring. Participants underwent an obstetric ultrasound at 32‐34 weeks gestation for foetal biometry and foetal kidney volume measurement.ResultsSixty‐four non‐GDM and 64 GDM women participated in the study. Thirty percent of GDM women were diagnosed with fasting hyperglycaemia, while 89% had an elevated 2‐hour glucose level. Maternal age, weight and body mass index were similar in women with and without GDM. Estimated foetal weight, foetal kidney dimensions, total foetal kidney volume and birth weight were similar in offspring of women with and without GDM.ConclusionsWe conclude that a period of mild hyperglycaemia prior to diagnosis of GDM and treatment initiation, which coincides with a period of rapid nephron formation and kidney growth, does not alter kidney size at 32‐34 weeks gestation.
Cross‐Linking of Polyesters Based on Fatty Acids
Authors: Dworakowska Sylwia , Le Coz Cédric , Chollet Guillaume , Grau Etienne , Cramail Henri 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study aims at obtaining cross‐linked polymeric materials of biomass origin. For this purpose, one‐pot polyesterification of methyl ricinoleate and methyl 12‐hydroxystearate using titanium isopropoxide as a catalyst is performed leading to polyesters known as estolides. The obtained estolides are successfully cross‐linked using dicumyl peroxide or a sulfur vulcanization system. The so‐formed bio‐based elastomers appear to exhibit promising properties. The latter are analyzed by mechanical tensile tests and thermal techniques (TGA, DSC, DMA) and show high thermal stability (T5% = 205–318 °C), tailored physico‐mechanical properties (low glass transition temperature in the range from −69 to −54 °C), and good tensile strength (0.11–0.40 MPa). Networks prepared from high molecular weight estolides appear to be promising bio‐based elastomers.Practical Applications: The vegetable oil‐based estolides described in this contribution are new fully bio‐based precursors for further elastomers synthesis. The resulting estolide networks (obtained by peroxide or sulfur cross‐linking) exhibit tailored thermo‐mechanical properties.
Associations Between Chronic Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Health Indices in Gulf of Mexico Tilefish (Lopholatilus chamaeleonticeps) Post Deepwater Horizon
Authors: Snyder Susan M. , Pulster Erin L. , Murawski Steven A. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A time series of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) data was collected for Gulf of Mexico demersal fishes in the years following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill (2012–2017). Tilefish (Lopholatilus chamaeleonticeps) were sampled via demersal longline at repeat stations in the northern Gulf of Mexico in 2012 to 2015 and 2017. Bile samples (n = 256) were analyzed via high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection for PAH metabolites as a biomarker of exposure to PAHs. Liver tissues (n = 230) were analyzed for accumulation of PAHs and alkylated homologs via quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) extractions and gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry quantification. Over the 6-yr time series, exposure to petrogenic PAHs increased by an average of 178%, correlating with an average 22% decline in Fulton's condition factor. The decline in Fulton's condition factor was positively correlated with a 53% decline in percentage of liver lipid. There was no accumulation of PAHs in liver tissue over time. Together, these results suggest that increasing and chronic PAH exposure and metabolism may be taxing the energy budgets of tilefish, particularly adult females, with potentially negative impacts on fitness. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2659–2671. © 2019 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
Using ground penetrating radar to understand the failure of the Koh Ker Reservoir, Northern Cambodia
Authors: Moffat Ian , Klassen Sarah , Attorre Tiago , Evans Damian , Lustig Terry , Kong Leaksmy 
Published: August 2019

AbstractGround penetrating radar, probing, and excavation were used to create a contour map of the topography of a buried laterite pavement forming the spillway of a large abandoned reservoir at the Angkorian‐period city of Koh Ker in Cambodia. Calculations of the flow velocity of water through the spillway, based on the topography of the laterite surface, demonstrate that this outlet was even less adequate for passing the flow of water from the Stung Rongea catchment than had been estimated previously by Lustig, Klassen, Evans, French, & Moffat (2018). We argue that this design flaw contributed substantially to the failure of the reservoir’s dike, possibly during the first rainy season after construction, which may have contributed to Koh Ker’s remarkably short‐lived tenure as the political center of the Khmer Empire.