bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Destaques da ASCO 2016 - Imunoterapia no Tratamento do Cancro do Pulmão | Rastreio do Cancro do Pulmão: Considerações Lógicas e Práticas
Authors: Parente Maria Bárbara 
Published: May 2018

Inibidores de immune checkpoint são uma promessa na luta contra o cancro do pulmão e outros tumores malignos, alterando o microambiente do tumor e bloqueando a evasão ao sistema imunitário. Dois anticorpos anti-PD-1, nivolumab e pembrolizumab, estão aprovados para uso clínico, no cancro do pulmão, doença avançada em segunda linha. Anticorpos PD-L1 tal como atezolizumab e MEDI-4736 estão em desenvolvimento clínico e são alvo atual de vários estudos de fase II/III inclusivamente a decorrer em Portugal; tratamento de segunda linha em doentes com cancro do pulmão de não pequenas células doença avançada tem tido até agora como opção padrão o docetaxel.
Desde a publicação dos resultados do National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) em 2011, o rastreio do cancro do pulmão com tomografia computorizada de dose baixa tem sido o centro da investigação, guidelines e discussão geral deste tema. O racional para o screening tem evoluído nos últimos anos, dado que hospitais e outros sistemas de saúde ganharam experiência na implementação de programas de rastreio. O screening também mostra a importância do tabagismo, não apenas como um fator de risco para o cancro, mas também como uma variável que pode afetar drasticamente os resultados do cancro. Estas foram, entre outras, questões discutidas por Especialistas no 2016 ASCO Annual Meeting - American Society of Clinical Oncology, que decorreu em Chicago de 3 a 7 de junho de 2016.

Recebido: 20/08/2016 – Aceite: 25/08/2016
Tumores de Células Germinativas Testiculares: Casuística do Hospital CUF Infante Santo
Authors: Nunes Orlando , Bernardo Manuela , Ribeiro Leonor , Cabeças António , Ferrito Fernando , Carneiro Cabrita , Nogueira Rui , Vale Paulo 
Published: May 2018

INTRODUÇÃO: Os tumores de células germinativas são tumores raros, constituindo 1% a 2% do total das neoplasias malignas e cerca de 5% do total dos tumores malignos urológicos. Originam-se no testículo em mais de 90% dos casos.MÉTODOS: Os autores reveem os casos de tumores de células germinativas, incluindo o diagnóstico, tratamento e follow-up, ocorridos no Hospital CUF Infante Santo num período de mais de 15 anos, compreendido entre agosto de 1999 e novembro de 2014.RESULTADOS: A série compreende 33 doentes, todos submetidos inicialmente a orquidectomia radical, diagnóstica e terapêutica, estando o maior número de doentes, 21 (63,6%) em estádio I. Destes, 14 (66% dos estádios I), vieram a fazer tratamento pós-orquidectomia. Todos os doentes em estádios mais avançados efetuaram tratamento pós-cirúrgico. Verificaram-se apenas quatro recidivas (12,1%), ocorridas em mediana 20 meses pós-diagnóstico e todas salvas por posterior tratamento.CONCLUSÃO: A toxicidade parece-nos aceitável, não tendo ocorrido nenhuma morte relacionada com qualquer modalidade de tratamento. Com uma mediana de follow-up de 59 meses à data da conclusão da revisão, a sobrevivência livre de doença foi de 100%.
Carcinoma Ductal Invasor da Mama: Marcação Axilar Prévia ao Tratamento Neoadjuvante. Caso Clínico e Revisão da Literatura
Authors: Viana Charlène , Rios Hugo , Barros Nuno , Castro Luís , Rocha Maria José , Ferreira Arlindo 
Published: May 2018

Nos doentes com cancro da mama, o tratamento neoadjuvante tem um papel fundamental na diminuição do tamanho do tumor, possibilitando uma cirurgia conservadora, sem um aumento significativo da recorrência local. Estudos mais recentes revelaram também um impacto significativo do tratamento neoadjuvante na erradicação da doença axilar. Apresentamos o caso de uma mulher de 46 anos com carcinoma ductal invasor e com doença axilar comprovada histologicamente. Após marcação de ambas as lesões com material radiopaco, a doente iniciou quimioterapia neoadjuvante seguida de cirurgia conservadora. A biópsia seletiva de gânglio sentinela revelou a ausência de células neoplásicas assim como a peça de tumorectomia, ambas marcadas previamente. O tratamento neoadjuvante associado à marcação prévia das lesões permitiu a realização de uma cirurgia conservadora com uma resposta completa ao tratamento, para além de evitar o esvaziamento axilar.
Recebido: 04/10/2016 - Aceite: 04/12/2017
Síndrome de Schnitzler: Entidade Clínica a ser Considerada em Doentes com Urticária Crónica
Authors: Carvoeiro Ana Catarina , Silva Sérgio , Sampaio António , Leite Alberto , Couto Mariana , Bettencourt Paulo 
Published: May 2018

INTRODUÇÃO: A divulgação de condições clínicas raras, em que a intervenção médica modifica significativamente a abordagem dos doentes, é importante, pois, além de alertar para a sua existência, permite a partilha de conhecimento com potencial impacto na prática clínica.CASO CLÍNICO: Doente do sexo masculino, com 32 anos de idade, previamente avaliado em Dermatologia e Imunoalergologia por urticária crónica. Refere aparecimento de rash urticariforme crónico acompanhado de astenia e artralgias, com oito anos de evolução. Medicado com anti-histamínicos e ciclosporina sem resolução da sintomatologia. Foi referenciado a Medicina Interna por aumento persistente e crescente da velocidade de sedimentação (65 mm). No estudo dirigido efetuado, identificou-se uma gamapatia monoclonal IgM de cadeias kappa. Diagnosticou-se o doente, como tendo síndrome de Schnitzler. Iniciou terapêutica com colquicina com resolução completa dos sintomas.DISCUSSÃO: A síndrome de Schnitzler é uma entidade rara, cuja patofisiologia não se encontra completamente compreendida, sabendo-se que apresenta um perfil autoinflamatório. O diagnóstico da síndrome de Schnitzler exige elevada suspeição clínica, pelo que a descrição de casos como o apresentado é crucial, para que esta seja uma entidade conhecida e discutida, com uma maior notoriedade.
Recebido: 13/04/2017 - Aceite: 24/11/2017
Cefaleia Pós-Punção Lombar Diagnóstica por Cefaleia Persistente
Authors: Santana Marta Pinheiro Tenreiro , Araújo António 
Published: May 2018

A complicação mais frequente da punção lombar é a cefaleia pós-punção lombar, que decorre da depleção do líquido cefalorraquidiano e surge nos primeiros cinco dias após a punção lombar. Destaca-se pelo seu caráter postural e distribuição frontal-occipital. Reporta-se o caso clínico de uma doente de 33 anos que desenvolve cefaleia pós-punção lombar diagnóstica. Uma vez que se trata de um procedimento recorrente na prática clínica, torna-se fulcral aplicar diligências técnicas e de seleção de material, de forma a reduzir a incidência da síndrome pós-punção lombar. Embora a sua evolução seja geralmente benigna, existem complicações sérias associadas à persistência de baixas pressões do líquido cefalorraquidiano, pelo que requer vigilância clínica e imagiológica.
Recebido: 30/10/2017 - Aceite: 05/12/2017
Association of Vitiligo and Halo Nevus
Authors: Correia Cátia R. , Pires Eugénia Matos , Coelho Margarida Moura Valejo , Lopes Maria João Paiva 
Published: May 2018

An 8-year-old boy presented for evaluation of a hypopigmented halo which developed around the congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN), with one year of evolution. [...]
Received: 20/04/2017 - Accepted: 11/12/2017
Treading Robert Schumann’s New Path
Authors: Krebs Harald 
Published: May 2018

Robert Schumann’s late songs (1849–52) are in some respects difficult to understand and to perform. Paradoxically, it is their apparent simplicity that poses a challenge for performers; harmonically, texturally, and metrically less adventurous than the songs of 1840, they may on first contact seem rather bland. Those who wish to explore Schumann’s “second practice” of song writing must grapple with the questions: 1) What is interesting and expressive about the late songs? and 2) How can their interesting and expressive elements be communicated to listeners?One striking aspect of the songs is their manner of declaiming the texts; their vocal rhythms depart more drastically from the poetic rhythm than is ever the case in Schumann’s earlier songs. Poetic feet, which would be approximately equivalent in duration in a normal recitation, are set to a wide variety of durations, producing irregular and unpredictable vocal rhythms. Schumann’s new manner of declamation is a significant locus of expression in songs where other potentially expressive features are attenuated. Analysis and recomposition highlight Schumann’s unorthodox but expressive declamation, and help performers to make decisions that enhance the song’s expressive attributes.
L’arrivo di Grendel a Heorot
Authors: Zironi Alessandro 
Published: May 2018

This essay takes into account some English translations of the Old English poemBeowulf. Matter of specific investigation is the passage of the coming of Grendel to the Danes’ court Heorot. As the translations ofBeowulfare countless, only specific and emblematic cases – both in prose and verse – are analysed. Then, the translations by William Morris, Chancey Brewster Tinker, J.R.R. Tolkien, Seamus Heaney and John Porter are compared trying to ascertain the approach of those translators to the Old English text and furthermore the intentions they had in rendering the poem into Modern English. The big problem that all the translators consciously tackled was the chronological and linguistic distance ofBeowulfthat had to be solved in some way. Choices and strategies differ from one version to another, but every solution demonstrates a specific attention to the musicalness of the original together with a deep awareness for the tradition that the Old English poem embodies.
Hakikat Keharaman Riba Dalam Islam
Authors: Ulum Khozainul 
Published: May 2018

There is a negative assumption that arises in community with regard to economic transactions. For example, the statement "interest" and "profit-sharing" is similar, it justifies something that has become a previous habit. Whereas after having studied and researched, the economic transactions is belongings to the category of riba (usury) and society is still reluctant to get used to something right, which has not yet become a tradition. So, it is impressed that Islam does not take care of worship that do not directly relate to Allah, as obligatory (mahdoh) worship in the pillars of Islam. The question arising then is why the statement emerged from the realm of Muslims who are still reluctant to attempt to transact transactions that should be appraised with shariah paradigm? How is the danger of riba, in the world and the Hereafter? Author wants to convey thoughtfulness and perception related to economic thought developing at this time. They merely legitimize the phenomenon of conventional economics by attaching ayat and hadits although there are also alternative thoughts of genuine Islamic Economics, so easy to get caught up in usurious practice. Therefore, author is inspired to invite readers to dare to unburden, examine, and study riba (usury) and the reason of prohibition in Islam. The existence of incompatibility of Islamic economic theory with the application of contemporary economics does not mean that Islamic economics is not applicable, but it motivates us to implant Islamic economics proportionally and objectively in life. In order to analyze the problems, in this article, author uses a combination of mindset based on reality with faith, then author draws conclusion on the nature of reality of transaction, by comparing reality with argument and opinion relating to" Does interest applied nowadays include riba and how is the danger of consuming usurious results?"
Effect of genetically modified gene tolerant dendritic cell therapy on some blood parameters in experimental mouse arthritis model
Authors: GÜVENÇ Gökçen , YILMAZ İzel , ÇİFTÇİ Kübra , BAŞ Ayşenur , KAŞIKCI Esra , ERSOY Figen , ORAL Haluk Barbaros , YALÇIN Murat 
Published: May 2018

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease that causes chronic pain and joint destruction. T cells activation has an important role in RA pathogenesis. Activation of T lymphocytes requires the co-stimulatory signals provided by antigen-presenting cells. T-cell activation without co-stimulation results in anergy. In this study, to inhibit the activation of T lymphocytes formed in the experimental arthritis, tolerogenic dendritic cells were aimed to be obtained by the genetical modification of dendritic cells with CTLA4-KDEL overexpression in endoplasmic reticulum. Then, RA created animals treated with tolDCs and the effect of treatment on blood parameters were investigated.For this purpose, mouse collagen induced arthritis model was used. The mice with arthritis were intraarticularly treated with modified tolDCs. It was observed that the treatment group significantly reversed the increase in the joint thickness and the increase in the number of white blood cells, especially with the increase in neutrophils when compared with control groups.As a result, genetically modified tolDCs reduced the clinical symptoms of experimental arthritis and also reversed the changes in blood parameters due to experimental arthritis in mice.
Dificultades de aprendizaje en Educación Superior: un reto para la comunidad universitaria
Authors: Gómez Santos Cristina , Fernández Alba Estrella , Cerezo Rebeca , Núñez José Carlos 
Published: May 2018

El número de estudiantes con Dificultades del Aprendizaje que accede a entornos universitarios está aumentando, lo que pone en relieve la importancia de realizar adaptaciones que se correspondan con las necesidades de este nuevo alumnado. Con el objetivo de analizar las barreras percibidas por estos estudiantes, se realiza una revisión sistemática a través de la base de datos Web of Science, sin restricción de fecha, utilizando un concepto amplio de dificultades de aprendizaje y combinado los siguientes descriptores: learning disabilities, highereducation, university, barriers. Se seleccionan, examinan y comparan un total de 23 artículos. Del análisis realizado se desprende que, si bien se están realizando esfuerzos por elaborar adaptaciones de calidad que se correspondan con las demandas de los estudiantes con Dificultades del Aprendizaje, las barreras aún parecen ser más numerosas que los sistemas de apoyo implantados. Las implicaciones a corto y largo plazo se analizan en la discusión.
Off to the Pictures
Authors: Stead Lisa 
Published: May 2018

Off to the Pictures: Cinemagoing, Women’s Writing and Movie Culture in Interwar Britain offers a rich new exploration of interwar women’s fictions and their complex intersections with cinema. Interrogating a range of writings, from newspapers and magazines to middlebrow and modernist fictions, the book takes the reader through the diverse print and storytelling media that women constructed around interwar film-going, arguing that literary forms came to constitute an intermedial gendered cinema culture at this time. Using detailed case studies, this innovative book draws upon new archival research, industrial analysis and close textual readings to consider cinema’s place in the fictions and critical writings of major literary figures such as Winifred Holtby, Stella Gibbons, Elizabeth Bowen, Jean Rhys, Elinor Glyn, C. A. Lejeune and Iris Barry. Through the lens of feminist film historiography, Off to the Pictures presents a bold new view of interwar cinema culture, read through the creative reflections of the women who experienced it.
Bill Viola and the Cinema of Indefinite Bodily Experience
Authors: Ravetto-Biagioli Kriss 
Published: May 2018

This chapter examines ghostly gestures that we cannot consciously experience, but only perceive through digital technologies. Internationally recognized as a leading video artist, Viola’s work focuses on the intersections of new media and experiences like death, consciousness, spirituality, and emotion. Many of his recent installations manipulate our sense of time by using a special high-speed camera. Uncanny gestures (those that are embodied but unreadable) emerge as the film is transferred to digital video and slowed down. The emergence of gestures that we can recognize once visualized through digital media as our own, but we cannot recall – that is, we cannot reenact or remember – points to something uncanny about gesture and its relation to affect. Rather than offering us a new understanding of human interiority or an opportunity to make sense of the uncanny, Viola’s work leaves us only with uncertainty as a visceral affect.
Slow Looking: Confronting Moving Images with Georges Didi-Huberman
Authors: Fowler Catherine 
Published: May 2018

A recent flurry of scholarship around slow cinema’s use of long takes signals a renewed interest in looking. Adding to this work, this chapter considers contemporary artists’ moving images shown in galleries, focusing in particular on a work by Sharon Lockhart. Lockhart’s film installations have much in common with slow cinema, including an emphasis on minimal movements, minor elements and the apparently undramatic. However, because it is conceived for contemporary art spaces, this work commonly adopts the short form or operates through a looped format. As a consequence of these differences, a new critical trajectory is opened up in which it is less duration that is of interest – or how seeing is produced by a sustained look – and more visuality itself, or how ‘really looking’ can produce a different kind of engagement with the visual. By applying ideas from Georges Didi-Huberman to Lockhart’s installation Double Tide (2009) we find that the work calls for a kind of slow looking. Through slow looking we are more able to ‘imagine for ourselves’ and more open to the experience of not knowing.
Ren and Causal Efficacy: Confucians and Whitehead on the Social Role of Symbolism
Authors: Lee Hyo-Dong 
Published: May 2018

Confucians in East Asia have always dreamed of holding human communities together and constructing well-functioning polities in and through the binding and harmonizing power of rituals. Underlying their trust in the power of rituals is the notion that rituals constitute symbolic articulation and enchancement of our affective responses to the conditions of embodied relationality and historicity in which we always already find ourselves. This Confucian theory of rituals resonates with Whitehead’s theory of symbolism, insofar as the latter advances a primordially relational ontology of the subject by highlighting the hitherto neglected epistemological notion of perception in the mode of causal efficacy. As such, the Confucian theory of rituals offers a fresh cross-cultural perspective to understand Whitehead’s implied critique of the modern liberal social theories that are based on a view of human beings as atomized individuals who rationally consent to enter society.
Nuclear Reactions in the Crusts of Accreting Neutron Stars
Authors: Lau R. , Beard M. , Gupta S. S. , Schatz H. , Afanasjev A. V. , Brown E. F. , Deibel A. , Gasques L. R. , Hitt G. W. , Hix W. R. , Keek L. , Möller P. , Shternin P. S. , Steiner A. W. , Wiescher M. , Xu Y. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
X-ray observations of transiently accreting neutron stars during quiescence provide information about the structure of neutron star crusts and the properties of dense matter. Interpretation of the observational data requires an understanding of the nuclear reactions that heat and cool the crust during accretion and define its nonequilibrium composition. We identify here in detail the typical nuclear reaction sequences down to a depth in the inner crust where the mass density is

using a full nuclear reaction network for a range of initial compositions. The reaction sequences differ substantially from previous work. We find a robust reduction of crust impurity at the transition to the inner crust regardless of initial composition, though shell effects can delay the formation of a pure crust somewhat to densities beyond

. This naturally explains the small inner crust impurity inferred from observations of a broad range of systems. The exception are initial compositions with A ≥ 102 nuclei, where the inner crust remains impure with an impurity parameter of Q
imp ≈ 20 owing to the N = 82 shell closure. In agreement with previous work, we find that nuclear heating is relatively robust and independent of initial composition, while cooling via nuclear Urca cycles in the outer crust depends strongly on initial composition. This work forms a basis for future studies of the sensitivity of crust models to nuclear physics and provides profiles of composition for realistic crust models.
Embarquer avec les clowns à l’hôpital
Authors: Bodelet Claire 
Published: May 2018

Résumé Croiser les clowns à l’hôpital ne laisse pas indifférent. Alors que les équipes médicales semblent s’habituer à leur remue-ménage, inventant même de nouvelles formes de collaboration, les familles parlent d’une impression d’être transportées ailleurs. Comment les clowns travaillent-ils avec les ambiances à l’hôpital ? En m’appuyant sur une enquête de terrain réalisée sur deux sites hospitaliers différents, dans des services où les clowns du Rire Médecin jouent chaque semaine, je montrerai comment les ambiances sont le résultat d’une série d’opérations effectuées en situation, aussi bien avec l’espace de l’hôpital qu’avec les différents « acteurs » qui l’habitent.
Dénoncer le programme
Authors: Cos Rafaël 
Published: May 2018

Résumé La coalition de « gauche plurielle » conduite par Lionel Jospin entre 1997 et 2002 correspond au gouvernement ayant conduit les plus importantes politiques de privatisation sous la Cinquième République. Les enquêtes statistiques établissent pourtant que le nombre de privatisations est d’autant moins important que le gouvernement est de gauche et qu’il compte plusieurs partis en son sein. Pour éclairer cette contradiction, l’article teste l’hypothèse, a priori paradoxale, du « parties matter » . La sociologie des mobilisations programmatiques socialistes permet en effet de montrer que le bilan du gouvernement de gauche plurielle procède moins de contraintes purement exogènes qu’il ne trouve son ressort au sein du Parti socialiste lui-même.
The use of illustrated medication diaries to improve outcomes for children initiated on highly active antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Kannigan Yashodhara , Spicer Kevin B. , Naby Fathima 
Published: May 2018

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) represents a huge burden of disease in South Africa. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is effective in reducing HIV-related morbidity and mortality. Simple, inexpensive methods like adherence diaries to optimise effects of HAART would be useful.Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed at a paediatric antiretroviral clinic in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Children, from birth to 15 years, initiated on HAART from 01 August 2015 to 31 July 2016 were given illustrated medication diaries to be completed by caregivers. Viral load suppression and improvement in growth parameters and CD4+ percentage were determined at six months and one year. These outcomes were compared to those of a group of children who had been initiated on HAART from 01 August 2014 to 31 July 2015 and who had not received diaries.Results: Ninety-nine children were included in the historical control group and 35 children in the intervention group. Viral load suppression (HIV-1 RNA of < 400 copies/mL) was 72% in the control group and 71% in the diary group at 6 months (p = 0.6). At 12 months, 73% of children in the control group and 57% of the diary group had suppressed viral loads (p = 0.18). At 6 months, 63% of children in the control group and 57% of the diary group had improved weight for height z-scores (p = 0.09). At 12 months, when compared with baseline weight for height z-scores, there was improvement in 34% and 41% of the control and diary groups, respectively (p = 0.6). CD4+ percentages improved in 51% of the control group and 50% of the diary group at 6 months (p = 0.70); improvement was noted in 44% and 49%, respectively, at 12 months (p = 0.33).Conclusion: The addition of an illustrated medication diary to routine adherence counselling did not improve outcomes for children initiated on HAART.