bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of left atrial bipolar voltages obtained by ConfiDENSE multielectrode mapping in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation
Authors: Maille Baptiste , Das Moloy , Hussein Ahmed , Shaw Matthew , Chaturvedi Vivek , Morgan Maureen , Ronayne Christina , Snowdon Richard L. , Gupta Dhiraj 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe ConfiDENSE™ module (Carto3 v4) allows rapid annotation of endocardial electrograms acquired by multielectrode (ME) mapping. However, its accuracy in assessing atrial voltages is unknown.Methods and resultsTwo ConfiDENSE™ left atrial voltage maps were created during continuous pacing in 20 patients undergoing catheter ablation for persistent AF using a ME lasso catheter and a contact force (CF) sensing ablation catheter. The automated tissue proximity indicator (TPI) filter was then applied to the ME map to yield a TPI map. Reference maps (RM) were created offline by a blinded observer by manually assessing all points against fidelity criteria. Bipolar voltages and proportion of low voltage points (< 0.5 mV) derived from the ME, CF, and TPI maps were compared with those derived from the RM.Note that 853 ± 365 points, 252 ± 184 points, and 144 ± 73 were collected for ME, TPI, and CF maps, respectively, and 429 ± 153 points were included in the RM. Voltages with CF and TPI maps were similar to those with RM (1.57 ± 0.47 mV vs. 1.63 ± 0.31 mV, P = 0.57 and 1.50 ± 0.38 mV vs. 1.63 ± 0.31 mV, P = 0.07, respectively), whereas ME maps showed a significantly lower mean voltage (1.00 ± 0.22 mV, P < 0.001). As compared to RM maps (17 ± 8%), low voltage points were significantly overestimated by the ME maps (50 ± 9% (P < 0.001) and TPI maps (28 ± 13% (P < 0.001), but not by the CF maps (22 ± 14%, P = 0.17).ConclusionApplication of the TPI filter to ConfiDENSE maps significantly increases the quality of the voltage data, conserving a reasonable point density, but still overestimates low voltage points as compared to CF‐sensing maps or maps reviewed manually.
The effect of mesenchymal stem cells combined with platelet‐rich plasma on skin wound healing
Authors: Mahmoudian‐Sani Mohammad‐Reza , Rafeei Fatemeh , Amini Razieh , Saidijam Massoud 
Published: March 2018

SummaryIntroductionMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells that have the potential of proliferation, high self‐renewal, and the potential of multilineage differentiation. The differentiation potential of the MSCs in vivo and in vitro has caused these cells to be regarded as potentially appropriate tools for wound healing. After the burn, trauma or removal of the tumor of wide wounds is developed. Although standard treatment for skin wounds is primary healing or skin grafting, they are not always practical mainly because of limited autologous skin grafting.Evidence AcquisitionsDirectory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Google Scholar, PubMed (NLM), LISTA (EBSCO), and Web of Science have been searched.Evidence SynthesisFor clinical use of the MSCs in wound healing, two key issues should be taken into account: First, engineering biocompatible scaffolds clinical use of which leads to the least amount of side effects without any immunologic response and secondly, use of stem cells secretions with the least amount of clinical complications despite their high capability of healing damage.ConclusionIn light of the MSCs’ high capability of proliferation and multilineage differentiation as well as their significant role in modulating immunity, these cells can be used in combination with tissue engineering techniques. Moreover, the MSCs’ secretions can be used in cell therapy to heal many types of wounds. The combination of MSCs and PRP aids wound healing which could potentially be used to promote wound healing.
The Importance of Racial Socialization: School‐Based Racial Discrimination and Racial Identity Among African American Adolescent Boys and Girls
Authors: Butler‐Barnes Sheretta T. , Richardson Bridget L. , Chavous Tabbye M. , Zhu Jiaxi 
Published: March 2018

This study examined various parental racial socialization messages as mediators between school‐based racial discrimination and racial identity formation over 4 years for African American boys (N = 639) and African American girls (N = 711). Findings indicated that school‐based racial discrimination was associated with racial identity beliefs. For African American boys, behavioral racial socialization messages mediated the relation between school‐based racial discrimination and racial centrality over time. Mediation also resulted for African American girls, but for a different set of race‐related messages (negative messages and racial barriers) and racial identity beliefs. The developmental significance of the findings and implications for future research are discussed.
Equilibrium in Insurance Markets With Adverse Selection When Insurers Pay Policy Dividends
Authors: Picard Pierre 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe show that an equilibrium always exists in the Rothschild–Stiglitz insurance market model with adverse selection and an arbitrary number of risk types, when insurance contracts include policy dividend rules. The Miyazaki–Wilson–Spence state‐contingent allocation is an equilibrium allocation (defined as a set of type‐dependent lotteries sustained at a symmetric equilibrium of a market game), and it is the only one when out‐of‐equilibrium beliefs satisfy a robustness criterion. It is shown that stock insurers and mutuals may coexist, with stock insurers offering insurance coverage at actuarial price and mutuals cross‐subsidizing risks.
Replication in Second Language Research: Narrative and Systematic Reviews and Recommendations for the Field
Authors: Marsden Emma , Morgan‐Short Kara , Thompson Sophie , Abugaber David 
Published: March 2018

AbstractDespite its critical role for the development of the field, little is known about replication in second language (L2) research. To better understand replication practice, we first provide a narrative review of challenges related to replication, drawing on recent developments in psychology. This discussion frames and motivates a systematic review, building on syntheses of replication in psychology, education, and L2 research. We coded 67 self‐labeled L2 replication studies found across 26 journals for 136 characteristics. We estimated a mean rate of 1 published replication study for every 400 articles, with a mean of 6.64 years between initial and replication studies and a mean of 117 citations of the initial study before a replication was published. Replication studies had an annual mean of 7.3 citations, much higher than averages in linguistics and education. Overlap in authorship between initial and replication studies and the availability of the initial materials both increased the likelihood of a replication supporting the initial findings. Our sample contained no direct (exact) replication attempts, and changes made to initial studies were numerous and wide ranging, which likely obscured, if not undermined, the interpretability of replication studies. To improve the amount and quality of L2 replication research, we propose 16 recommendations relating to rationale, nomenclature, design, infrastructure, and incentivization for collaboration and publication.Open PracticesThis article has been awarded Open Materials and Open Data badges. All materials and data are publicly accessible via the IRIS Repository athttps://www.iris-database.org/iris/app/home/detail?id=york:934328. Learn more about the Open Practices badges from the Center for Open Science:https://osf.io/tvyxz/wiki.
Self‐care agency, lifestyle, and physical condition predict future frailty in community‐dwelling older people
Authors: Tanimura Chika , Matsumoto Hiromi , Tokushima Yasuko , Yoshimura Junko , Tanishima Shinji , Hagino Hiroshi 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this 2 year longitudinal study was to identify the relationship between self‐care agency, lifestyle, physical condition, and frailty among community‐dwelling older people in a rural area of Japan. The participants were 133 older individuals aged 65 years or above. Data collection was conducted via face‐to‐face interviews using self‐administered questionnaires. Background information, such as age, sex, current employment status, family structure, medication use, comorbidities, and knee and lower back pain, were assessed. The definition of frailty was based on the Frailty Checklist. Self‐care agency, lifestyle habits, and locomotive syndrome were assessed using specific assessment scores. Logistic regression analysis showed that locomotive syndrome, knee and lower back pain, and stroke are risk factors for frailty. Among the factors associated with frailty, current employment, regular exercise, and self‐care agency were recognized as preventive factors of depression, decreased cognitive function, and being housebound. Our findings suggest that enhancing self‐care agency, regular exercise, and self‐management skills for chronic illness and disability may decrease the progression of frailty among older people.
Parents’ experiences of their teenage children’s parenthood: An interview study
Authors: Sriyasak Atcharawadee , Almqvist Anna‐Lena , Sridawruang Chaweewan , Häggström‐Nordin Elisabet 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn this study, we described and analyzed parents’ experiences of teenage parenthood and the provision of support to their teenage children who had recently have become parents. A qualitative method was used. In‐depth interviews with 24 participants were conducted, all parents of teenage parents. Data were analyzed using content analysis; four themes and 11 subthemes were identified. The results show that parents’ norms and values were strongly influenced by their religious beliefs. The participants had mixed emotions and reactions to their teenage children’s parenthood. Also participants were sources of support to the teenage parents and assisted them in their transition to parenthood. However, the participants also expressed the importance that their teenage children continue their education and avoid repeated pregnancies. This study highlights how emotional, instrumental, and informational support provided by parents to their teenagers can assist the latter in their transition to parenthood. In their work with teenage parents, healthcare providers can benefit from teenage parent's own parents involvement and experiences.
Phyllosphere microbiology: at the interface between microbial individuals and the plant host
Authors: Remus‐Emsermann Mitja N. P. , Schlechter Rudolf O. 
Published: March 2018

Contents

Summary
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I.
Introduction
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II.
Individuality and the relevance of scales for the investigation of bacteria
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III.
Bacterial aggregation and community patterning at the single‐cell resolution
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IV.
What are the effects on the plant host?
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V.
Future directions and current questions
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Acknowledgements
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ORCID
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References
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SummaryLeaf surfaces are home to diverse bacterial communities. Within these communities, every individual cell perceives its unique environment and responds accordingly. In this insight article, the perspective of the bacterial individual is assumed in an attempt to describe how the spatially heterogeneous leaf surface determines the fate of bacteria. To investigate behaviour at scales relevant to bacteria, single‐cell approaches are essential. Single‐cell studies provide important lessons about how current ‘omics’ approaches fail to give an accurate picture of the behaviour of bacterial populations in heterogeneous environments. Upcoming techniques will soon allow us to combine the power of single‐cell and omics approaches.
A targeted approach for routine viral load monitoring in Malawian adults on antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Mungwira Randy G. , Divala Titus H. , Nyirenda Osward M. , Kanjala Maxwell , Muwalo Francis , Mkandawire Felix A. , Choko Augustine , Taylor Terrie E. , Mallewa Jane , van Oosterhout Joep J. , Laufer Miriam K. , Laurens Matthew B. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractObjectivesWHO recommends HIV viral load (VL) testing 6 months after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation and every 12 months thereafter, but cost prohibits routine, universal VL testing in many developing countries. We sought to devise a targeted approach to routine VL monitoring that could reduce cost and identify those at low risk for virologic failure (VF).MethodsWe analysed screening data from a clinical trial enrolling adults on ART in Malawi. We identified risk factors associated with VF and employed the Knill–Jones method to assign summary score identifying persons at lower risk for VF.ResultsAmong 957 adults, prevalence of VF was 9.4%. Factors independently associated with VF included age <38 years (OR 3.44, 95% CI 2.01–5.89), ART duration >2.5 years (OR 2.98, 95% CI 1.79–4.96), ART adherence <95% (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.06–2.94), CD4 count <200 cells/μl (OR 5.94, 95% CI 3.27–10.78), haemoglobin <13 g/dl (OR 2.76, 95% CI 1.70–4.50) and CD8 count >885 cells/μl (OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.28–3.44). Our VF prediction summary score included all factors above except CD8 count and was fairly accurate with validated area under receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.76. Implementation could reduce VL testing by 65%.ConclusionA simple score incorporating age, ART duration and adherence, and CD4 count can accurately identify adults at low risk for VF in a sub‐Saharan African setting. In areas with high ART utilisation and limited VL testing capacity, a targeted approach could optimise routine VL monitoring while identifying adults in need of alternate ART regimens.
Investigating Novel Resistance Mechanisms to Third-Generation EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Osimertinib in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Yang Zhe , Yang Nong , Ou Qiuxiang , Xiang Yi , Jiang Tao , Wu Xue , Bao Hua , Tong Xiaoling , Wang Xiaonan , Shao Yang W. , Liu Yunpeng , Wang Yan , Zhou Caicun 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Purpose: The third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor osimertinib is approved to treat patients with EGFR T790M-positive non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have developed resistance to earlier-generation drugs. Acquired EGFR C797S mutation has been reported to mediate osimertinib resistance in some patients. However, the remaining resistance mechanisms are largely unknown.
Experimental Design: We performed mutation profiling using targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) for 416 cancer-relevant genes on 93 osimertinib-resistant lung cancer patients' samples, mainly cell-free DNAs (cfDNAs), and matched pretreatment samples of 12 patients. In vitro experiments were conducted to functionally study the secondary EGFR mutations identified.
Results: EGFR G796/C797, L792, and L718/G719 mutations were identified in 24.7%, 10.8%, and 9.7% of the cases, respectively, with certain mutations coexisting in one patient with different prevalence. L792 and L718 mutants markedly increased the half inhibitory concentration (IC50) of osimertinib in vitro, among which the L718Q mutation conferred the greatest resistance to osimertinib, as well as gefitinib resistance when not coexisting with T790M. Further analysis of the 12 matched pretreatment samples confirmed that these EGFR mutations were acquired during osimertinib treatment. Alterations in parallel or downstream oncogenes such as MET, KRAS, and PIK3CA were also discovered, potentially contributing to the osimertinib-resistance in patients without EGFR secondary mutations.
Conclusions: We present comprehensive mutation profiles of a large cohort of osimertinib-resistance lung cancer patients using mainly cfDNA. Besides C797 mutations, novel secondary mutations of EGFR L718 and L792 residues confer osimertinib resistance, both in vitro and in vivo, and are of great clinical and pharmaceutical relevance. Clin Cancer Res; 24(13); 3097–107. ©2018 AACR.
The Chronology of al-Qāḍī l-Nuʿmān’s Works
Authors: Poonawala Ismail K. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
A chronology of an author’s works is necessary for understanding his or her intellectual evolution. Al-Qāḍī l-Nuʿmān wrote numerous books on diverse disciplines, such as jurisprudence, history, traditions of the Messenger of God and the Ismāʿīlī imams, biographies of the Fāṭimid caliph-imams, refutations of the Sunnī schools of law, and allegorical interpretation of the Qurʾān and the šarīʿa. The chronology of al-Qāḍī l-Nuʿmān’s corpus, which consists of more than fifty titles, is based primarily on pieces of evidence in his extant works. The sequence of al-Qāḍī l-Nuʿmān’s legal works suggests that The Pillars of Islam (Daʿāʾim al-islām), compiled under the directions of al-Muʿizz around 349/960, was his crowning achievement after serving the first four Fāṭimid caliph-imams since 313/925. In fact, al-Qāḍī l-Nuʿmān began and completed his first work Kitāb al-Īḍāḥ, a massive collection of legal traditions transmitted on the authority of the family of the Prophet, while he was still serving al-Mahdī (r. 297/909-322/934). The chronology further reveals that after composing The Pillars of Islam, al-Qāḍī l-Nuʿmān devoted his energies to the explication of the major Ismāʿīlī theological doctrine, namely the theory of taʾwīl (hermeneutics). In his Asās al-taʾwīl, he justifies the twin concepts of taʾwīl and bāṭin (the inner, hidden, esoteric meaning behind the literal wording of sacred texts)—from a jurist’s viewpoint—and argues that these concepts are firmly grounded in the foundational texts of Islam, viz., the Qurʾān and the Hadiths of the Prophet.
Between History and Exegesis: the Origins and Transformation of the Story of Muḥammad and Zaynab bt Ǧaḥš
Authors: Görke Andreas 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
This article examines the origins of the story of the Prophet Muḥammad’s controversial marriage with Zaynab bt Ǧaḥš as well as its transformation and reinterpretation through the centuries. The fact that the story features in different genres of Islamic literature as well as in non-Muslim sources allows for a reconstruction of how and where the story emerged, how it spread and to what extent it was transformed over time. In the course of this reconstruction, the article critically assesses different approaches to the historicity of reports on the life of Muḥammad. With its analysis of later Muslim sources, it also illustrates different strategies of reinterpreting and recasting traditions and shows how societal change and different ideologies influenced the interpretation of the story.
Guidelines of the International Headache Society for controlled trials of preventive treatment of chronic migraine in adults
Authors: Tassorelli Cristina , Diener Hans-Christoph , Dodick David W , Silberstein Stephen D , Lipton Richard B , Ashina Messoud , Becker Werner J , Ferrari Michel D , Goadsby Peter J , Pozo-Rosich Patricia , Wang Shuu-Jiun ,   for the International Headache Society Clinical Trials Standing Committee
Published: March 2018

Background Quality clinical trials form an essential part of the evidence base for the treatment of headache disorders. In 1991, the International Headache Society Clinical Trials Standing Committee developed and published the first edition of the Guidelines for Controlled Trials of Drugs in Migraine. In 2008, the Committee published the first specific guidelines on chronic migraine. Subsequent advances in drug, device, and biologicals development, as well as novel trial designs, have created a need for a revision of the chronic migraine guidelines. Objective The present update is intended to optimize the design of controlled trials of preventive treatment of chronic migraine in adults, and its recommendations do not apply to trials in children or adolescents.
What constitutes meaningful engagement for patients and families as partners on research teams?
Authors: Black Agnes , Strain Kimberly , Wallsworth Christine , Charlton Sara-Grey , Chang Wilma , McNamee Kate , Hamilton Clayon 
Published: March 2018

Objective There is growing emphasis on health care organizations to ensure that lay people are meaningfully engaged as partners on research teams. Our aim was to explore the perspectives of patients, family members and informal caregivers who have been involved on health care research teams in Canada and elicit their recommendations for meaningful engagement. Methods We conducted a qualitative study guided by thematic analysis of transcripts of focus groups and interviews of 19 experienced patient research partners in Canada. Results We identified four main themes: research environment, expectations, support and value, which highlight participants’ combined perspectives on important factors to ensure their engagement in research is meaningful. Conclusions Our findings add to the evolving evidence base on the perspectives of lay people involved in health care research and their recommendations for research leaders on meaningful engagement. Our study suggests that research leaders should provide a welcoming research environment, outline appropriate expectations for patient research partners on research teams, support patient research partners’ engagement in projects and recognize the value patient research partners bring to health research.
A review and update of the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS)
Authors: James Mick , Painter Jon , Buckingham Bill , Stewart Malcolm W. 
Published: March 2018

Aims and methodThe Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS) and its older adults’ version (HoNOS 65+) have been used widely for 20 years, but their glossaries have not been revised to reflect clinicians' experiences or changes in service delivery. The Royal College of Psychiatrists convened an international advisory board, with UK, Australian and New Zealand expertise, to identify desirable amendments. The aim was to improve rater experience by removing ambiguity and inconsistency in the glossary rather than more radical revision.ResultsChanges proposed to the HoNOS are reported. HoNOS 65+ changes will be reported separately. Based on the views and experience of the countries involved, a series of amendments were identified.Clinical implicationsWhile effective clinician training remains critically important, these revisions aim to improve intra- and interrater reliability and improve validity. Next steps will depend on feedback from HoNOS users. Reliability and validity testing will depend on funding.Declaration of interestNone.
Sociological Support of Personnel Policy of Social Service Organizations
Authors: Филатова Е. , Filatova E. 
Published: March 2018

The purpose of the article is to discover the latest trends, principles and methods of personnel policy realization of the social service organizations. In the article on the example of the social service organizations the author argues in favor of improvement of the personnel policy of the organization on the basis of the study of the principles and methods of its realization. Monitoring revealed the dynamics changes of directions, principles and methods of personnel policy. The positive and negative aspects of personnel policy are identified. The priority directions of personnel policy are defined, the methods and principles of the personnel policy are specified. The most actual directions of personnel policy are the professional recruitment; evaluation and certification; creating a favourable atmosphere. The administrative methods are the most effective. The priority principle of the personnel policy is the principle of improvement of professional
skill.