bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A disposição dos resíduos sólidos em áreas urbanas, origem e tratamentos legal e institucional:
Authors: H P Fraga Rodrigues Luiza , De Miranda Antonio Carlos 
Published: September 2018

[PT] Buscou-se um diálogo entre princípios e objetivos da lei 12.305/10 em seu traçado metodológico. Para tanto, uma breve análise do fulcro constitucional foi necessária com uma nova leitura de conceitos dos objetos tratados. Também a ideia de desenvolvimento estar atrelada à produção de lixo foi discutida e esta codependência questionada. Tendo como foco os resíduos sólidos urbanos, foi feita uma abordagem jurídico social da Lei 12.305/2010. Por fm, sem pretender exaurir o tema, foi realizada uma discussão sobre o lixo urbano, inserindo-o como objeto e sujeito da poluição e elemento constitutivo do resíduo sólido urbano. Por fm, abordar-se-á sua destinação como aterro sanitário, cotejando os envolvidos no processo, sem esquecer da responsabilidade dos poderes públicos nestas relações.[EN] We attempted a dialogue between principles and objectives of the Law 12.305 / 10 on methodological seutraçado. Therefore, a brief analysis of the constitutional core was necessary with a new reading concepts of treated objects. Also the idea of development is linked to the production of waste was discussed and this codependênciaquestionada. With the municipal solid focoresíduos, a social legal approach to current law, Law 12.305 / 2010 was made. Finally, without pretending to exhaust the topic, a discussion of urban waste was performed by inserting it as an object and subject of pollution and constituent element of urban solid waste. Finally, it will be addressed, its destination as landfll, comparing those involved in the process, without forgetting the responsibility of public authorities in these relationships.
[ES] Buscado un diálogo entre los principios y objetivos de la Ley 12.305 / 10 sobre seutraçado metodológica. Por lo tanto, um breve análisis del núcleo constitucional era necesario con un nuevo concepto de lectura de los objetos tratados. También la idea de desarrollo está vinculada a la producción de residuos que se discutió y esto codependênciaquestionada. Com los focoresíduos sólidos municipales, un enfoque jurídico social para la ley actual, se hizo la Ley 12.305 / 2010. Por último, y sin pretender agotar el tema, una discusión de los residuos urbanos se llevó a cabo mediante la inserción como un objeto y sujeto de la contaminación y el elemento constitutivo de los resíduos sólidos urbanos. Por último, se abordará, su destino como vertedero, la comparación de los implicados en el processo sin olvidar la responsabilidad de las autoridades públicas en estas relaciones.
PRODUÇÃO DE ADSORVENTES A BASE DE BORRA DE CAFÉ INDUSTRIALIZADO E FOLHAS DE Corymbia citriodora (EUCALIPTO LIMÃO)
Authors: Ramos Rodrigo , Alvarenga Leonardo Henrique Cordeiro , Paula Silvia Maria de , Carbonari Artur Wilson , Silva Marta da 
Published: September 2018

[PT] A grande demanda por águas de boa qualidade versus a baixa disponibilidade da mesma, caracteriza a problemática que incentiva o desenvolvimento dessa pesquisa cujo o objetivo é o desenvolvimento de adsorventes a base de material residual que sejam capazes de melhorar a qualidade de águas oriundas de diversas atividades, através de processo simplificado com impacto ambiental reduzido e respeitando as legislações vigentes. Os resultados obtidos foram positivos principalmente na redução de turbidez nas amostras testes, demonstrando viabilidade ambiental e econômica nesta pesquisa.[EN] The great demand for good quality water versus the low availability of it characterizes the problem that encourages the development of this research whose objective is the development of adsorbents composed of residual material that is able to improve the quality of water from various sources, through a simplified process with reduced environmental impact and respecting current legislation. The results were positive mainly in the reduction of turbidity in the test samples, demonstrating environmental and economic feasibility in this research.[ES] La gran demanda por agua de calidad contra la baja disponibilidad del mismo, caracteriza el problema que incentiva el desarrollo de adsorbentes compuestos de material residual que es capaz de mejorar la calidad del agua de varias fuentes mediante un proceso simplificado con un reducido impacto ambiental y respetando la legislación actual. Los resultados fueron positivos principalmente en la reducción de turbiedad en las muestras que demostraron factibilidad ambiental y económica en esta investigación.
Perfil de ácidos graxos e teor de ácidos graxos trans em biscoitos recheados sabor chocolate
Authors: Srebernich Silvana Mariana , Gonçalves Gisele Mara Silva , Baggio Sueli Regina 
Published: September 2018

ObjetivoEm razão do elevado consumo de biscoitos por crianças e por adolescentes, este trabalho teve por objetivo determinar a composição em ácidos graxos, com ênfase nos isômeros trans, em biscoitos recheados com sabor de chocolate e verificar se os teores declarados estavam de acordo com a legislação vigente.MétodosNas amostras de biscoito, fizeram-se a extração e a esterificação dos lipídeos, que foram, posteriormente, submetidos à cromatografia gasosa para determinação da composição em ácidos graxos.ResultadosOs resultados obtidos por 100g de biscoito (8 amostras resultantes de 4 marcas, com 2 lotes de cada marca) variaram de 4,57g a 9,33g, de 2,74g a 6,78g e de 0,32g a 6,49g para os ácidos graxos saturados, monoinsaturados e poli-insaturados respectivamente. As marcas A e B apresentaram valores de ácidos graxos saturados superiores aos declarados nos rótulos. Quanto aos isômeros trans, as variações entre as marcas e os lotes analisados foram mais acentuadas: de 0,05g.100g-1 para a amostra C2 a 3,52g.100g-1 para a amostra A1.ConclusãoOs teores de gordura trans apresentaram grandes variações e somente as marcas C e D podem ser consideradas “zero trans” de acordo com a legislação brasileira.Termos de indexação: Ácidos graxos. Ácidos graxos trans. Biscoitos.
Procesiones y religión cívica en Zaragoza. Los pregones del Concejo entre 1450 y 1500
Authors: Melón Juncosa Inmaculada 
Published: September 2018

El Archivo Municipal de Zaragoza conserva gran número de pregones entre 1450 y 1500. En muchos de ellos, los jurados de la ciudad convocan a los zaragozanos a participar en distintas procesiones religiosas. Su lectura permite confeccionar una tipología procesional, estudiar las devociones más comunes, describir las rutas procesionales habituales y analizar el papel de las autoridades civiles en un fenómeno típicamente religioso para concluir si podría hablarse de religión cívica en la Zaragoza de la segunda mitad del siglo XV.
Palabras clave: procesiones, pregones, religión cívica, Zaragoza 1450-1500.
Possibilities of instrumental methods of diagnosis in choice of the treatment tactics in women–patients, suffering varicose dilation of the lower extremities and pelvic veins
Authors: Shved О. E. , Nabolotnyi О. І. , Hupalo Yu. М. , Gurianov V. G. 
Published: September 2018

Objective. To elaborate the algorithm for preoperative diagnosis of combined varicose dilation in the lower extremities (LE) and pelvis with the aim to select and use the elective planning of surgical treatment.
Маterials and methods. The results of examination of 301 women-patients of a reproduction age, suffering varicose dilation of the LE veins in a 2012 - 2017 yrs period, were analyzed.
Results. The elaborated algorithm application made possible to diagnose a pelvic varicosis with reflux in 14 women-patients, what was confirmed by results of phlebography.
Conclusion. Sensitivity of transvaginal ultrasound investigation in diagnosis of pelvic varicose constitutes 100%. Women-patients, complaining on pelvic pain, mostly have nonsaphenous varicosis.
PENETAPAN POSISI DI BENAK KONSUMEN (POSITIONING) MUSEUM NEGERI NTB BERDASAR PERSEPSI PENGUNJUNG
Authors: Khairany Kurnia 
Published: September 2018

This study aimed to determining the positioning of the State Museum of West Nusa Tenggara based on visitor’s perception. The research method used was qualitative approach with data collecting through interview, observation and documentation. Informants is selected by accidental sampling technique. Data from interviews with 20 informants were analyzed using content analysis method. The results showed that the State Museum of West Nusa Tenggara hada positioning as edutainment with dimensions of value, uniqueness, credibility, sustainability and conformity. The museum should consider the desire and needs of visitors with the main purpose of the museum, which is to present the mission of education as well as entertainment to the public. Thus, the Museum of West Nusa Tenggara is expected to be a place to gain knowledge and experience as well as recreation that reaches all levels of society. The most important contribution of this study is the positioning model of the State Museum of West Nusa Tenggara based on the perception of visitors i.e. edutainment concept to become a pioneer for further empirical research. It is expected that in the future the managerial of West Nusa Tenggara State Museum can increase visit to the museum. Keywords: Museum, positioning, visitor perceptions, edutainment
Some Properties of Spectral Theory in Fuzzy Hilbert Spaces
Authors: F. Al-Mayahi Noori , M. Abbas Abbas 
Published: September 2018

In this paper we give some definitions and properties of spectral theory in fuzzy Hilbert spaces also we introduce definitions Invariant under a linear operator on fuzzy normed spaces and reduced linear operator on fuzzy Hilbert spaces and we prove theorms related to eigenvalue and eigenvectors ,eigenspace in fuzzy normed , Invariant and reduced in fuzzy Hilbert spaces and show relationship between them.
Mammogram image with Wiener filter and CLAHE
Authors: Abbas Thekra , .Nafea Jafaar M 
Published: September 2018

Many of the women in worlds die because of breast cancer and early detection will save the lives of many women. A mammogram is a special medical image in the breast. The mammogram image contains artifacts and wedge.
In this paper the mammogram image enhances by applied the Wiener filter to remove noise and apply Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equitation (CLAHE) to improve a quality of mammogram image. Before applying them made number step to remove artifacts and wedge, background and pectoral muscle these know. The result indicted obtain mammogram image only breast profile, with a nice smooth, safe edge, and high quality.
These results prove that effective and convenient assistance for medical diagnosis. Hence, the proposed method definitely can be considered for automated detection of abnormality like benign, malignant and micro calcifications.
Design and Construct Intelligent Tank “Water Level Sensor”
Authors: I. Farhan Baraa 
Published: September 2018

The system proposed in this paper design a system of intelligent reservoir " water level sensor" helps reduce thewaste percentage of water. Through the automatic control and control of the water level by determining the water proportion of the reservoir in terms of emptiness and fullness and is carried out using the concept of artificial intelligence with micro controls, where the use of a simple and cheap control is arduino and is stored and stored information is written in IDL program to determine the percentage of fullness and lack Depending on the need of the user of the reservoir with the management of electronic parts associated with the Arduino to fill the tank when it is free of water and stop the filling process when reaching the specified level of fullness while monitoring the level of water during use.
This system can be applied at the level of tanks reservoirs Cities and irrigation tanks and reservoirs for agricultural land with the development of electronic parts used in the control system to achieve the desired goal in preserving the amount of safe water for drinking and non-potable.
TÜRKİYE’DE GENÇ İŞSİZLİĞİ SORUNU VE ALTERNATİF ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ
Authors: TAŞ Hacı Yunus , KÜÇÜKOĞLU Mahmut , DEMİRDÖĞMEZ Mehmet 
Published: September 2018

Gelişmiş dünya ülkeleri
ve Türkiye’de istihdam ve işsizlik her zaman önemli bir sorun olmuştur. Bu
alanda en dikkate değer kısmını geleceğimizi şekillendirecek olan genç kesimin
işsizliği oluşturmaktadır. İşsizlik sorununun çözümü ve verimliliğin
artırılmasını hedefleyen eğitim ve özellikle de yükseköğretim sonrasında da
gençler arasında işsizliğin beklene oranların üstünde olması toplumu ve
devletleri ciddi şekilde düşündürmektedir. Bu sorunla yüzleşerek çözüm arayan
hükümet yetkilileri ve bilim adamları her ekonominin ve ülkenin durumuna uygun
alternatif çözümler önerebilmektedirler.
Bu çalışmada gelişmiş batı ülkelerinin genç işsizliği sorununu önlemeye
yönelik politikaları da dikkate alınarak, Türkiye’nin sosyal ve ekonomik
yapısına uygun, genç işsizliğini önleme amaçlı çeşitli önerilerde
bulunulacaktır. Ayrıca Türkiye’nin temel sektörleri, ekonomik yapısı ve konjonktürel
durumuna uygun her dönemde uygulanması mümkün olan temel istihdam politikaları
değerlendirilerek konu şekillendirilecektir.
Dental-Implant Retained Mandibular Overdenture: A Case Report
Authors: Gupta Rahul , Singh Raj Kumar , Basnet Bishal Babu 
Published: September 2018

The prosthetic management of the patient with resorbed ridge has long been a major challenge for dentistry. Conventional complete denture for long was the standard of care for all such patients. However, most patients find it difficult to adapt to mandibular denture due to lack of retention and stability. Recent scientific studies carried out over the past decade have determined that the benefits of a mandibular two-implant overdenture are sufficient to propose the two-implant overdenture-rather than the conventional denture - as the first treatment option. BJHS 2018;3(2)6:488-491.
Juvenile Polyposis Syndrome in a Young Patient: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Agrawal Yamuna , Shah Rajan , Joshi Brikh Raj , Kattel Vivek 
Published: September 2018

Juvenile polyposis syndrome prevalence is 1 in 16,000 to 1 in 100,000 which usually present at the age of 20 years. The tumor is likely to change into malignant condition in 20% of cases. Here we present this rare syndrome in a 16-year boy. BJHS 2018;3(2)6:492-494.
Ultrasound Guided Thoracic Paravertebral and Coeliac Plexus Block for Open Cholecystectomy in a Patient with Multiple Co-Morbidities : A Case Report
Authors: Yadav Rupesh Kumar , Rayamajhi Anuj Jung , Dhungel Bidur Kumar , Poudel Subash Chandra , Poudel Prashanta , Pokhrel Kapil , Pangeni Anang , Byanjankar Bikram 
Published: September 2018

Ultrasound guided nerve blocks are gaining popularity these days due to its higher accuracy and reduced incidence of complications. Ultrasound guided unilateral paravertebral block in combination with unilateral coeliac plexus block and unilateral Rectus sheath block in patients with multiple co-morbidities provides adequate anesthesia for surgery and it also reduces incidences of mortality, morbidity and hospital stay in comparison to General anesthesia and spinal / epidural anesthesia. Paravertebral block , Coeliac plexus block and Rectus sheath blocks can be performed with higher success rate with the use of ultrasound. BJHS 2018;3(2)6:508-510.
La résilience perdue des pêcheries du Delta Central du Niger
Authors: Quensière Jacques , Tounkara Samba Bocary , Kane Alioune 
Published: September 2018

Si la résilience caractérise la capacité de résister aux perturbations, elle relève de la dynamique de systèmes complexes dont elle constitue une composante majeure de la survie et de l’organisation. La résilience d’un système biologique, écologique ou social caractérise ainsi sa capacité à s’adapter aux contraintes nouvelles imposées par son environnement, en se modifiant spontanément. Mais, sachant qu’un système contribue aussi à la caractérisation de son environnement, comment définir ce dernier et les changements qui perturbent le système de ceux qui le laissent indifférent sans sombrer dans l’évidence et la tautologie ? Mieux vaut donc raisonner sur les causes de disparition d’une résilience avérée comme celle des pêcheries du Delta Central du Niger. Certaines étrangetés des discours actuels n’en sont que plus évidentes.
Organisations locales  et résiliences collectives
Authors: Archambaud Lise , Gondard-Delcroix Claire 
Published: September 2018

Dans les zones en situation de crise prolongée, les organisations humanitaires s’appuient fréquemment sur des dynamiques collectives pour assurer la distribution de l’aide sans toutefois prendre en considération les capacités de ces organisations à mener à bien une telle mission. Dans quelle mesure les organisations locales déjà affaiblies par le conflit sont-elles à même de fonctionner efficacement ? L’article s’appuie sur un cadre théorique novateur mobilisant le concept de capabilités collectives pour définir la résilience des organisations locales. Sur cette base, il identifie empiriquement les caractéristiques de la résilience collective afin d’analyser les effets produits par le conflit sur les dynamiques collectives. Il souligne la diversité des organisations locales en termes de capacités de résilience et ouvre des pistes de réflexion quant à l’accompagnement des organisations locales dans ces contextes.
Hepatitis B Virus Blocks the CRE/CREB Complex and Prevents TLR9 Transcription and Function in Human B Cells
Authors: Tout Issam , Gomes Melissa , Ainouze Michelle , Marotel Marie , Pecoul Timothee , Durantel David , Vaccarella Salvatore , Dubois Bertrand , Loustaud-Ratti Veronique , Walzer Thierry , Alain Sophie , Chemin Isabelle , Hasan Uzma 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Effective B cell responses such as cytokine secretion, proliferation, and Ab-specific responses are essential to clear hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, HBV alters numerous immune pathways to persist in the host. B cell activity depends on activation of the innate sensor TLR9 by viral or bacterial DNA motifs. How HBV can deregulate B cell functions remains unknown. In this study, we show that HBV can enter and decrease TLR9 expression in human primary B cells. Using PBMCs from human blood donors, we show that TLR9 expression was reduced in all peripheral B cells subsets exposed to HBV. B cell function mediated by TLR9, but not TLR7, such as proliferation and proinflammatory cytokines secretion, were abrogated in the presence of HBV; however, global Ig secretion was not downregulated. Mechanistically, we show, using human myeloma B cell line RPMI 8226, that the surface Ag hepatitis B surface Ag was responsible for TLR9 dysfunction. hepatitis B surface Ag suppressed the phosphorylation and thus the activation of the transcription factor CREB, preventing TLR9 promoter activity. Finally, we corroborated our in vitro findings in a cohort of chronic HBV carriers and found that TLR9 expression and function were significantly suppressed. The effect of HBV on TLR9 activity in B cells gives insights into oncoviral immune escape strategies, providing knowledge to develop novel immunotherapeutic approaches in chronic HBV–carrier patients.
C-Type Lectin Receptor CD23 Is Required for Host Defense against Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus Infection
Authors: Guo Yahui , Chang Qing , Cheng Liqing , Xiong Sihan , Jia Xinming , Lin Xin , Zhao Xueqiang 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Infection by invasive fungi, such as Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Cryptococcus neoformans, is one of the leading death causes for the increasing population of immunocompromised and immunodeficient patients. Several C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), including Dectin-1, -2, and -3 and Mincle can recognize fungal surface components and initiate the host antifungal immune responses. Nevertheless, it remains to be determined whether other CLRs are involved in antifungal immunity. Our recent study suggests that CD23 (CLEC4J), a CLR and also a well-known B cell surface marker, may function to sense C. albicans components in antifungal immunity. However, it is not clear how CD23 functions as a fungal pattern recognition receptor and whether the antifungal role of CD23 is specific to C. albicans or not. In this study, we show that CD23 can recognize both α-mannan and β-glucan from the cell wall of C. albicans or A. fumigatus but cannot recognize glucuronoxylomannan from Cryptococcus. Through forming a complex with FcRγ, CD23 can induce NF-κB activation. Consistently, CD23-deficient mice were highly susceptible to C. albicans and A. fumigatus but not to C. neoformans infection. The expression of CD23 in activated macrophages is critical for the activation of NF-κB. CD23 deficiency results in impaired expression of NF-κB–dependent genes, especially iNOS, which induces NO production to suppress fungal infection. Together, our studies reveal the CD23-induced signaling pathways and their roles in antifungal immunity, specifically for C. albicans and A. fumigatus, which provides the molecular basis for designing potential therapeutic agents against fungal infection.
Diagnostic test for number concept development during early childhood
Authors: Bezuidenhout Hanrie S. 
Published: September 2018

Background: This article presents the Afrikaans translation of an originally German diagnostic test for early number concept development. The process of ‘importing’ a test to South Africa by considering linguistic-, functional-, cultural and metric equivalence is outlined. A theoretical model describes five levels of young children’s hierarchical number concept development which collectively contribute to early mathematical understanding. The five-level hierarchical structure has previously been confirmed by testing the theoretical model in a one-dimensional Rasch analysis in Germany. Aim: The current study aimed to determine whether the individual items, allocated to test the concepts of each level of the Afrikaans translation of the diagnostic test, confirm the hierarchical structure of the theoretical model. Setting: A Rasch analysis indicated that the model was fit for the Afrikaans translation. A sample of 165 Afrikaans-speaking grade one children was tested in six Afrikaans medium primary schools in Gauteng. Methods: Analysis of fit values, person and item reliability and a person–item map was used as part of a Rasch analysis. Results: The theoretical model of hierarchical number concept development holds for the Afrikaans MARKO-D. Five levels were clearly distinguishable on a Write map and the individual items tested the concepts according to the levels of the theoretical model. Conclusion: The Afrikaans MARKO-D can now successfully be used to describe young Afrikaans children’s number concept development. A five-level theoretical model is a useful tool for teachers using the MARKO-D to assess young children’s numerical competence.
Jongerenrechtbanken: oplossingsgerichte lekenrechtspraak voor en door leerlingen
Authors: Slump Gert Jan , Asscher Jessica 
Published: September 2018

Youth courts in the Netherlands
This article describes the backgrounds, the development and first findings on youth courts in the Netherlands. A Dutch version of the USA youth courts was developed and piloted in 4 Amsterdam schools. Cases referred are small (partly illegal) incidents committed in the school environment. The Dutch youth court practice is described against the background of transformational change in society and the development of restorative justice and (peer oriented) development of citizenship. Although the model is still in development and schools are somewhat reluctant to deliver and refer cases, practice is growing.