bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental and demographic determinants of dengue incidence in Brazil
Authors: Johansen Igor Cavallini , Carmo Roberto Luiz do , Alves Luciana Correia , Dias Bueno Maria Do Carmo 
Published: November 2018

Objetivo Analizar la distribución espacial de los casos de dengue dentro de un área urbana en el estado de Sao Paulo, sudeste de Brasil.Métodos Basados en una metodología creada por los autores, se organizaron los datos del censo brasileño de 2010 en una malla regular de 250x250 metros cada célula. Esta célula fue la unidad de análisis. En seguida, fueran gecodificadas todas las 1 688 residencias de los casos de dengue registrados en 2013 en la ciudad de Caraguatatuba para calcular la tasa de incidencia por célula. La variable dependiente fue la tasa de incidencia del dengue y las variables independientes fueron clasificadas en dos tipos: ambientales y sociodemográficas. Finalmente se realizó una Regresión Binomial Negativa Inflada con Ceros utilizando el software R.Resultados El análisis estadístico mostró una asociación entre la tasa de incidencia del dengue y la variable ambiental proximidad de puntos estratégicos (depósitos de chatarra, talleres de reparación de neumáticos y depósitos de materiales reciclables). El dengue también se asoció a las variables sociodemográficas proporción de hogares con ingreso per cápita de hasta 3 salarios mínimos, proporción de personas no blancas y de hogares que no sean propiedad.Conclusión Se concluyó que el dengue tiene un conjunto múltiple de factores relacionados con la aparición de sus epidemias. En el contexto de esta complejidad, los resultados sugieren que esta enfermedad infecciosa está condicionada socialmente, ya que es más probable que llegue a grupos de población con características específicas, especialmente aquellos con un nivel socioeconómico bajo.
Tutors and self-assessment of medical students’ performance in pre-clinical problem-based learning tutorial sessions
Authors: Cordero Mary Anne , Abdur Rashid Najwa , El Hasnaoui Raja , Ganesh Kavitha , Khired Zenat 
Published: November 2018

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Background: It is currently acknowledged that developing the skills in self-assessment is imperative for the continuing learning of every physician. Objective : This study aimed to assess students' performance in tutorial sessions in a hybrid problem-based learning (PBL) curriculum conducted during the pre-clinical years through self-and tutors assessment. Methods : Sixty nine first year and eighty second year students of the Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) Program at the Princess NourahBint Abdulrahman University participated in the study. Both self-and tutors assessment of students performance within the PBL tutorial setting was conducted using a validated questionnaire developed by Valle et al. (1999). Mean ratings between self-and tutors assessments were compared using paired t-test. Association between self and tutors assessments and PBL written exam scores was analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: Results revealed a significant difference between self and tutors assessment for first year medical students under scoring their own performance than the tutors’ with a total mean score of 79.99 (± 25.87) and 98.02 (± 8.71) respectively (P=0.001).Tutors assessment correlated poorly with self-assessment (r=0.344). No correlation between self-assessment and exam scores was observed but a strong correlation (r=0.726 &P=0.045) was shown for tutor assessment and exam scores. In contrast to the first year group, the total score showed no significant difference between self- and tutors assessment in second year students. There was strong correlation between tutor and self-assessment (r=0.722&P=0.041) as well as between tutor assessment and exam scores (r=0.806 & P=0.030 ) but not with self-assessment and exam scores. Conclusion: This study has presented reservations with regards to the use of self-assessment scores as part of the overall student grade in PBL.
AJUSTE DE EQUAÇÕES VOLUMÉTRICAS E REDES NEURAIS ARTIFICIAIS NA ESTIMATIVA DO VOLUME DE TAUARI NA FLORESTA NACIONAL DO TAPAJÓS
Authors: Dos Santos Ketlen Naiane Freitas , Rode Rafael , De Andrade Dárlison Fernandes Carvalho , Corrêa Kleyton Kleber dos Santos , Lopes Lucas Sérgio de Sousa 
Published: November 2018

O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar as estimativas do volume obtidas por equações de regressão com redes neurais artificiais (RNA) para a espécie Couratari stellata, a partir dos dados de cubagem rigorosa de 1.351 árvores com DAP > 50 cm de 04 (quatro) Unidades de Produção Anual (UPAs), a saber: Upas 06, 07, 08 e 09, manejadas, respectivamente, em 2011, 2012, 2013 e 2014, da área de manejo florestal da Cooperativa Mista da Floresta Nacional do Tapajós, em área de Floresta Ombrófila Densa de Terra Firme. O processamento dos dados visou selecionar o melhor modelo de regressão considerando as quatro UPAs na área de manejo. A equação com melhor desempenho foi escolhida de acordo com a raiz do erro quadrado médio em porcentagem (RMSE%), correlação de Pearson e gráfico de resíduos percentuais. Para a seleção da melhor rede e a sua respectiva comparação com a melhor equação de regressão ajustada, as estatísticas utilizadas foram: RMSE%, correlação de Pearson entre o volume observado e estimado e bias. A equação com melhor desempenho, para todas as UPAs, foi a de Schumacher-Hall sendo posteriormente comparada com a melhor RNA obtida a partir do treinamento dos dados. Verificou-se que ambos os métodos apresentaram estatísticas de ajuste e precisão aceitáveis, com potencial utilização para estimar o volume da espécie Couratari stellata. No entanto, a RNA mostrou-se ligeiramente superior pela habilidade de aprender e generalizar o conhecimento adquirido sendo, portanto, recomendada para tal finalidade. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Manejo florestal, Romaneio, Volumetria.
ESTABELECIMENTO IN VITRO DE GEMAS AXILARES DE ABACAXIZEIRO EM FUNÇÃO DA VARIAÇÃO DA CONCENTRAÇÃO DE 6-BENZILAMINOPURINA
Authors: Damasceno Paranatinga Iasmin Laís , Pletsch Dalla Costa Tanara , Batista Pereira Rômulo Jorge , Pereira Galúcio João Marcos , De Freitas Sia Eliandra 
Published: November 2018

A micropropagação é uma técnica da cultura de tecidos vegetais que se destaca na obtenção de plantas saudáveis, aplicada com sucesso na produção em larga escala de variedades comercias de abacaxi. No entanto, estudos com variedades selvagens do gênero Ananas apresentaram baixas taxas de multiplicação. Sendo assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o efeito da variação da concentração de 6-benzilaminopurina (BAP) no estabelecimento in vitro de gemas axilares de Ananas comosus cv. Pérola. Foram avaliados seis tratamentos, sendo eles: MS isento de reguladores (T1); 0,0 (T2); 0,025 (T3); 0,05 (T4); 0,1 (T5); 0,2 mg L-1 de BAP (T6), combinados com 0,01 mg L-1 de ácido naftalenoacético (ANA). O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, contendo dezesseis repetições por tratamento, cuja unidade experimental foi constituída de um explante por tubo de ensaio. Os tratamentos 2, 3, 4 e 5 atingiram o estabelecimento máximo com 21 dias de cultivo in vitro, enquanto o tratamento 1 não obteve o estabelecimento máximo e o tratamento 6 obteve apenas aos 37 dias de cultivo. Sendo assim, nota-se que concentrações de BAP entre 0,025 a 0,1 mg L-1 aceleram o estabelecimento de gemas axilares de abacaxi e, em contrapartida, a ausência de reguladores de crescimento ou altas concentrações de BAP interferem negativamente no seu estabelecimento in vitro. A variação da concentração de 6-benzilaminopurina (BAP) não influenciou no número de explantes estabelecidos in vitro após 37 dias de cultivo. Na ausência de regulador de crescimento vegetal há baixa taxa de brotações dos explantes.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Cultura in vitro, Micropropagação, Reguladores de crescimento.
OPENTD: PLATAFORMA WEB PARA TELEDIAGNÓSTICO DE EXAMES DE IMAGEM
Authors: Veras Nícolas Vinícius Rodrigues , Guerra Paulo Victor de Azevedo , Ribeiro Dantas Marcel da Câmara , Freitas Isabele Magaldi Almeida de , Freitas Natanael , Guerra Custódio 
Published: November 2018

Na perspectiva de garantir a todos os brasileiros os princípios básicos do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), a integralidade e universalidade são comprometidas devido a dificuldade em atender as demandas e particularidades de um país de dimensões territoriais continentais. A desigualdade no acesso aos serviços de saúde provocada pela carência e má distribuição geográfica de profissionais de saúde em áreas remotas, principalmente no campo da radiologia, dificultam execução de uma política de saúde tão grande e ambiciosa. Nesse contexto, o estudo apresenta uma solução para essa problemática, oferecendo a oportunidade de todo o processo de laudagem ser feito de maneira descentralizada e a distância via web através de uma plataforma de telediagnóstico. Com relação a metodologia, utilizou-se para o desenvolvimento da referida plataforma, as seguintes tecnologias: o sistema de gerenciamento de banco de dados PostgresSQL, por sua grande estabilidade e confiabilidade, e o Laravel, que é um framework de desenvolvimento web. Como resultados alcançados, observou-se com a implementação do OpenTeleDiagnóstico (OpenTD), que é possível transpor barreiras importantes na área da radiologia, impactando de modo positivo o processo de trabalho hospitalar. Os usuários do OpenTD no HUOL mostraram-se satisfeitos com a plataforma. Outro fator significativo constatado no que tange a plataforma é o impacto ambiental e financeiro, proporcionado pela redução da utilização de papéis no serviço de saúde já que os laudos são digitalizados e armazenados de maneira segura.
The Power of an Iterative Approach to Clinical Competence Assessment
Authors: Gifford Kimberly , Benson Jalen , Kim Julie 
Published: November 2018

Many residency programs struggle with effective and efficient methods for their program to synthesize and analyze data to create robust milestones-based assessment of residents. Residents and faculty in the Pediatric Residency at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center collaborated to design an innovative iterative process for resident assessment using rotation-based Milestones reports, faculty sub-committees, and discussion with the resident. Time spent and frequency of Milestones determinations made at each phase of assessment process were tabulated and feedback summarized from faculty, residents, and administrators. Our new process integrated milestones determinations into our existing committee review structure without any additional time added to the process. Faculty perceived that the system was efficient and provided more insight about each resident. The program director used the sub-committee summaries for semi-annual reviews and letters of reference. Residents appreciated the fairness of all residents being reviewed by the same faculty. Milestones determinations were made by: evaluations alone (69%), CCC sub-committee (18%), full CCC (7%), and additional data or PD decision (6%). The full CCC was needed more frequently for professionalism and systems-based practice Milestones determinations. Iterative assessment systems have the potential to save valuable faculty time without compromising the quality of assessments.
Chicago 1893-1909: Estrategias culturales y espaciales para el ordenamiento de la reproducción social de las comunidades migrantes
Authors: Diez Villahoz Henar 
Published: November 2018

Los inicios de la planificación urbana en Chicago estuvieron vinculados a la gestión de la diferencia provocada por la llegada de comunidades migrantes. Para ello, se desarrollaron estrategias culturales y espaciales de ordenamiento de la reproducción social que posteriormente, se naturalizaron e invisibilizaron en la técnica urbanística. Estos mecanismos civilizatorios se enmarcaron en un proyecto de americanización que se llevó a cabo mediante un proceso dilatado en el tiempo, tuvo diversas materializaciones y abordó distintas escalas urbanas. Aunque todas las experiencias tuvieron en común, el deseo de cambiar el comportamiento de la sociedad en el espacio público a través de la cultura. Como resultado, se desarrollaron equipamientos culturales, áreas de juego y parques, como espacios de resolución de los conflictos sociales en los distritos industriales, donde habitaban mayormente las clases trabajadoras. El análisis de experiencias relacionadas con la producción del espacio durante el período comprendido entre 1893 y 1909, como son la World´s Columbian Exposition, la Hull House y el Plan de Chicago, presentan una oportunidad para entender cómo se gestionó en el pasado la diversidad cultural en las ciudades y permiten imaginar nuevas formas de planificación urbana para la construcción de ciudades interculturales en la actualidad.AbstractThe beginning of urban planning in Chicago was linked to the management of the difference brought about by the arrival of migrant communities in c. XIX. Cultural and spatial strategies were developed in order to restructure the social reproduction and later became naturalized and invisibilized in the urbanistic technique. These civilizatory mechanisms were framed in an Americanization project. This process was extended in time and it had diverse materializations while approaching different urban scales. All the experiences analyzed had in common the desire to change the behavior of the society in the public space through culture. Consequently, cultural facilities, playgrounds and parks were developed as conflict resolution spaces in the industrial districts where the majority of the working class lived. The analysis of experiences related to the production of space during the period between 1893 and 1909, such as the World's Columbian Exposition, the Hull House and the Chicago Plan, presents an opportunity to understand how cultural diversity was managed in the past and allows us to imagine new forms of urban planning for the construction of today's intercultural cities.
La reproducción de la informalidad en el contexto urbano: el caso de la comuna 20 en Cali, Colombia
Authors: Contreras Paredes Paula 
Published: November 2018

La informalidad ha sido una característica permanente en el desarrollo urbano de la comuna 20 de Cali, desde el siglo pasado hasta la actualidad los asentamientos de desarrollo incompleto han ido evolucionando y vinculándose con la ciudad, aunque paralelamente los problemas causados por el conflicto armado también han influenciado en la segregación socio-espacial en este sector de la ladera. En este estudio, se hace referencia a dos de los elementos que incentivaron la reproducción urbana informal, el primero es el déficit de las políticas habitacionales y el segundo las relaciones que se establecen entre la ciudad formal y la ciudad informal. Desde esta hipótesis, se comprueba que debido a la falta de unas soluciones de vivienda adecuada para la población con menos ingresos aumentan los asentamientos informales en la comuna. Sin embargo, la necesidad de ser reconocidos legalmente y de ser partícipes del derecho a la ciudad hacen que se desarrollen procesos de urbanización que permiten una relación con la estructura urbana del contexto. AbstractInformality has been a permanent feature in the urban development of commune 20 in Cali. Since the last century until present days, incomplete development settlements have evolved and linked with the city although at the same time, the problems caused by the armed conflict have also influenced in the socio-spatial segregation in this hillside sector. This study makes reference of two of the main elements that stimulated informal urban reproduction, the first is the deficit of housing policies and the second one is the relation established between the formal city and the informal city. From this hypothesis, it is verified that due to the lack of adequate housing solutions for the less income population rise the informal settlements in the commune. However, the needs of being legally recognized and be part of the-right-to-the-city conduced them to develop urbanization processes that allows a relation with the context’s urban structure.
Formulasi Strategi Pemasaran Sepatu Piezoelektrik dengan Menggunakan Pendekatan Riset Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif
Authors: Khalila Fathkia Mutiara , Sari Hasrini 
Published: November 2018

<p><em>Nowadays, battery as power source plays such a vital role but its capacity is not enough to match various features that demand quite a lot of energy and time. This research is intended to investigate the commercialization aspect of piezoelectric material for harvesting energy. This material can produce electrical charge given a mechanical tension. The combination of piezoelectric and shoe as step-on media can produce energy. The potential market for the product is investigated using qualitative research. Diffusion of Innovation Model is used as segmentation base. Next, target market is selected by evaluating each segment based on market and technology criteria using quantitave study. </em></p><em>The result of this research showed 3 customer segments but only 1 segment is selected as target market by using concentrated marketing strategy. Based on the special characteristics and behaviors owned by the target market, a marketing program is developed to serve them. </em>
Staged Risk-Based Approach for Assessing Erosion Resistance of SAGD Flow Control Devices
Authors: Prasad Shawn , Zahacy Todd 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
SAGD operators are actively installing Inflow Control Devices (ICDs) in their SAGD production wells to enable production at low or ‘negative’ subcool values in order to maximize drawdown, increase fluid production rates and optimize SAGD economics. Operating the wells under higher vapour conditions could expose the ICDs to high velocity steam carrying sand particles, causing erosion and liner failure. A staged approach has been developed for assessing the relative erosion risk of candidate ICDs, including a stage one qualitative assessment, followed by analytical erosion calculations and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling.
In the first stage qualitative assessment, factors such as the anticipated fluid flow path, relative fluid velocity, and ICD housing design are used as inputs to estimate relative erosion rates, identify ICD surfaces where erosion rates are anticipated to be high and to rank ICD candidates based on relative erosion risk. The evaluation of potential erosion risk included consideration of both the predicted erosion severity and the probable consequences of erosive wear, which could include loss of the desired flow control response or damage to the integrity of the body or housing of the ICD. The result of the first stage is a short-list of the top-ranked ICD design candidates.
In the second stage, analytical erosion models are then used to quantify erosion rates on identified target surfaces. Flow velocities and impact angles identified in the first stage are used with analytical flow relationships, such as equations for expansion jets downstream of the flow control elements, as inputs to selected erosion models. The result of this second stage is an updated short list of top-ranked ICD designs.
Finally, coupled solid particle and fluid multiphase CFD simulations are conducted on a small set of ICD design candidates to obtain detailed results on the location and severity of erosion within the flow control element and on all the surfaces of the designs. The results of this stage are specific identification of susceptible erosion surfaces and rates, providing information for the selection of the appropriate ICD design.
At each stage, the number of ICD candidate designs under consideration is reduced. In this manner, simpler methods of analysis (qualitative assessment) may be readily applied to a large number of devices, while more intensive modeling approaches (multiphase CFD) are reserved for a smaller set of design candidates. This approach provides insights into erosion risk based on successively more in-depth analysis methods, including particle paths and erosion locations in the CFD analysis stage which may not be identified using higher-level analytical methods. These results of the CFD analysis could then be used to help improve accuracy when applying analytical erosion models.
Numerical simulation of vertical flow wetlands with special emphasis on treatment performance during winter
Authors: Martí Alba Canet , Pucher Bernhard , Hernández-Crespo Carmen , Monerris Miguel Martín , Langergraber Guenter 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
In Austria, single-stage vertical flow (VF) wetlands with intermittent loading are a state-of-the-art technology for treating domestic wastewater. They are designed according to the Austrian design standard with a specific surface area of 4 m2 per person (i.e. 20 g COD/(m2·d)) and thus demand a bigger amount of land to treat the same amount of wastewater compared to intensified technical treatment systems. In order to reduce the amount of land needed, a modified design for VF wetlands has been proposed. The modified design has a specific surface area of 2.5 m2 per person (i.e. 32 g COD/(m2·d)) and it has been shown to be able to meet the Austrian effluent requirements. To allow higher organic loading, more loadings per day but lower volume of a single loading, a constant loading interval, and increased number of openings per m2 are applied. A simulation study using the HYDRUS Wetland Module was carried out to compare the treatment efficiencies of single-stage VF wetlands with classical and modified design. Data from a classical Austrian single-stage VF wetland was used for calibration of the model using the standard parameter set for the CW2D biokinetic model. The influent COD fractionation was calibrated to adapt to the wastewater. The simulations showed a good performance of the modified design compared to a classical VF wetland for COD removal with COD effluent concentrations in winter (effluent water temperature of 4.5 °C) of 35 and 29 mg/L, respectively. The simulation study showed that during high-loading events the VF wetland with modified design has lower maximum NH4-N effluent concentrations. Single-stage VF wetlands with modified design seem to be very effective and allow application of higher organic loads compared to single-stage VF wetlands with classical design.