bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The BRCA1-BARD1 complex associates with the synaptonemal complex and pro-crossover factors and influences RAD-51 dynamics duringCaenorhabditis elegansmeiosis
Authors: Janisiw Eva , Dello Stritto Maria Rosaria , Jantsch Verena , Silva Nicola 
Published: March 2018

AbstractDuring meiosis, the maternal and paternal homologous chromosomes must align along their entire length and recombine to achieve faithful segregation in the gametes. Meiotic recombination is accomplished through the formation of DNA double-strand breaks, a subset of which can mature into crossovers to link the parental homologous chromosomes and promote their segregation. Breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility protein BRCA1 and its heterodimeric partner BARD1 play a pivotal role in DNA repair in mitotic cells; however, their functions in gametogenesis are less well understood. Here we show that localization of BRC-1 and BRD-1 (Caenorhabditis elegansorthologues of BRCA1 and BARD1) is dynamic during meiotic prophase I; they ultimately becoming concentrated at regions surrounding the presumptive crossover sites, co-localizing with the pro-crossover factors COSA-1, MSH-5 and ZHP-3. The synaptonemal complex is essential for BRC-1 loading onto chromosomes but recombination is not. BRC-1 forms an in vivo complex with the synaptonemal complex component SYP-3 and the crossover-promoting factor MSH-5. Furthermore, BRC-1 is essential for efficient stage-specific recruitment of the RAD-51 recombinase to DNA damage sites when synapsis is impaired and upon induction of exogenous DNA double-strand breaks. Taken together, our data provide new insights into the localization and meiotic function of the BRC-1–BRD-1 complex and highlight their essential role in DNA double-strand break repair during gametogenesis.Author summarySexually reproducing species rely on meiosis to transmit their genetic information across generations. Parental chromosomes (homologues) undergo many distinctive processes in their complex journey from attachment to segregation. The physiological induction of DNA double strand breaks is crucial for promoting correct chromosome segregation: they are needed to activate the DNA repair machinery responsible for creating physical connections, or crossovers (COs), between the homologues. In turn, crossovers promote the accurate segregation of the chromosomes in daughter cells. The BRCA1–BARD1 complex has a pivotal role during DNA repair in somatic cells and is exclusively located on unaligned chromosomal regions during mammalian meiosis. We show that inCaenorhabditis elegans, BRCA1 and BARD1 localize to chromosomes at all stages of meiotic prophase I and are enriched at presumptive crossover sites. We found that BRCA1 promotes DNA loading of the repair factor RAD-51 in specific mutant backgrounds and upon exogenous damage induction. Our data provide evidence for a direct physical association between BRCA1 and pro-crossover factors (including the synaptonemal complex) and identify an important role for BRCA1 in stimulating meiotic DNA repair. Further studies are necessary to identify the substrates acted upon by BRCA1–BARD1 complex to maintain genome stability in the gametes.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the E.coli FtsZ
Authors: Muthukumar Vidyalakshmi C 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPrevious molecular dynamics studies of the FtsZ protein revealed that the protein has high intrinsic flexibility which the crystal structures were unable to reveal. The initial configuration in these studies was based on the available crystal structure data and therefore, the effect of the C-terminal Intrinsically Disordered Region (IDR) of FtsZ could not be observed in these previous studies. Recent investigations have revealed that the C-terminal IDR is crucial for FtsZ assembly in vitro and Z ring formation in vivo. Therefore, in this study, we simulate FtsZ with the IDR.Simulations of the FtsZ monomer in different nucleotide bound forms (without nucleotide, GTP, GDP) were performed. In the conformations of FtsZ monomer with GTP, GTP binds variably with the protein. Such variable interaction with the monomer has not been observed in any previous simulation studies of FtsZ and not observed in crystal structures. The central helix bends towards the C-terminal domain in the GTP bound form, thus making way for polymerization. Nucleotide dependent small shift/rotation of the C-terminal domain was observed in average structures.
Molecular Dynamics simulation of the E.coli FtsZ dimer
Authors: Muthukumar Vidyalakshmi C 
Published: March 2018

AbstractFtsZ dimer was studied to gain insights into FtsZ protofilament formation. In a previous simulation study of the M.janaschii dimer it was found that the monomer-monomer contacts in the GDP bound dimer is lower which results in the high curvature of the GDP bound protofilaments. In this study, we have simulated the E.coli FtsZ dimer. The initial structure was obtained from our previous study in which we had simulated the E.coli FtsZ monomer with its C-terminal IDR (Intrinsically Disordered region) built by homology modelling. The M.janaschii FtsZ dimer subunit contacts were used in the initial configuration. Simulations of the dimer were performed with GTP, GDP and ATP. We observed that the C-terminal domain rotates considerably during dimerization. We also observed the different dynamics of the GTP, GDP and ATP bound dimers due to which assembly into straight protofilaments is favoured only in the presence of GTP.
Assembly of a Parts List of the Human Mitotic Cell Cycle Machinery
Authors: Giotti Bruno , Chen Sz-Hau , Barnett Mark W. , Regan Tim , Ly Tony , Wiemann Stefan , Hume David A. , Freeman Tom C. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe set of proteins required for mitotic division remains poorly characterised. Here, an extensive series of correlation analyses of human and mouse transcriptomics data was performed to identify genes strongly and reproducibly associated with cells undergoing S/G2-M phases of the cell cycle. In so doing, a list of 701 cell cycle-associated genes was defined and shown that whilst many are only expressed during these phases, the expression of others is also driven by alternative promoters. Of this list, 496 genes have known cell cycle functions, whereas 205 were assigned as putative cell cycle genes, 53 of which are functionally uncharacterised. Among these, 27 were screened for subcellular localisation revealing many to be nuclear localised and at least four to be novel centrosomal proteins. Furthermore, 10 others inhibited cell proliferation upon siRNA knockdown. This study presents the first comprehensive list of human cell cycle proteins, identifying many new candidate proteins.
Disabling Gβγ SNARE interaction in transgenic mice disrupts GPCR-mediated presynaptic inhibition leading to physiological and behavioral phenotypes
Authors: Zurawski Zack , Thompson Gray Analisa D. , Brady Lillian J. , Page Brian , Church Emily , Harris Nicholas A. , Dohn Michael R. , Yim Yun Young , Hyde Karren , Mortlock Douglas P. , Winder Danny G. , Alford Simon , Jones Carrie K. , Hamm Heidi E. 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTGi/o-coupled G-protein coupled receptors modulate neurotransmission presynaptically through inhibition of exocytosis. Release of Gβγ subunits decreases the activity of voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC), decreasing excitability. A less understood Gβγ–mediated mechanism downstream of calcium entry is the binding of Gβγ to SNARE complexes. Here, we create a mouse partially deficient in this interaction. SNAP25Δ3 homozygote animals are developmentally normalbut impaired gait and supraspinal nociception. They also have elevated stress-induced hyperthermia and impaired inhibitory postsynaptic responses to α2A-AR, but normal inhibitory postsynaptic responses to Gi/o-coupled GABABreceptor activation. SNAP25Δ3 homozygotes have deficits in inhibition of hippocampal postsynaptic responses to 5 HT1bagonists that affect hippocampal learning. These data suggest that Gi/o-coupled GPCR inhibition of exocytosis through the Gβγ-SNARE interaction is a crucial component of numerous physiological and behavioral processes.
Investigation on oxidation behaviors of Ti-Si-N coating at high temperature
Authors: Wan Q. , Chen Y.M. , Liu H.D. , Yang B. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose
Ti-Si-N coating with nanocomposite structure is a promising protective coating for cutting tools which will be subject to high temperature oxidation during service. This study aims to investigate the thermal stability of Ti-Si-N coatings and lays the foundation for its application in high speed dry cutting.

Design/methodology/approach
Nanocomposite Ti-Si-N coating was deposited on stainless substrate and silicon wafer (100) by Ti90Si10 alloy target by using cathodic arc ion plating. The microstructure of Ti-Si-N coating had been detected by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

Findings
The results suggested that the coating was TiN nanocrystals with a diameter of 6.3 nm surrounded by amorphous Si3N4. The oxidation test was conducted under 550, 650, 750, 800, 850, 900 and 950°C for 2 h. The structure evolution was observed by Scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrum (EDS), XRD and XPS. The results indicated that rutile has been formed at 650°C, while Si3N4 began to oxidized at 800°C. The grain size of TiN increased from 6.3 to 13 nm as the samples oxidized from 550 to 800. Micro-crack also formed in samples oxidized over 900°C.

Originality/value
Ti-Si-N coating, in this study, was deposited by cathodic arc ion plating using alloy target at high-bias voltage. The oxidation temperature ranged from 500 to 950°C with TiN coating as reference.
Assessing the risk profile of dairy farms: application of the Income Stabilisation Tool in Italy
Authors: Trestini Samuele , Szathvary Serena , Pomarici Eugenio , Boatto Vasco 
Published: March 2018

Purpose
This paper bridges the gap between theory and practice in the application of the Income Stabilisation Tool (IST). With an application to the dairy sector, the purpose of this paper is to propose methodology for the quantification of reference income when farm structural change occurs and estimate the role of farm attributes on the probability of income loss, offering an ex ante evaluation of farm resilience to risk.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on a balanced Farm Accountancy Network farm-level panel ranging from 2008 to 2014, three hypotheses of reference income calculation are tested to assess whether farms structural changes over the years significantly affect the level of IST indemnification. The role of farm characteristics on the probability of an income reduction is then evaluated by estimating a multinomial logit model.

Findings
Results show that farms’ structural changes significantly affect IST indemnities and need to be considered in calculating the reference income. The estimated model suggests that farm characteristics significantly affect the probability of a severe income drop and hence risk resilience. Extensive livestock systems seem to reduce the probability of an income drop, while farms in upland areas managed by young farmers seem to experience increased risk exposure.

Originality/value
The research provides one of the first attempts to define risk profile of dairy farms by modelling the probability of an income reduction on observable attributes. Indeed, among different sectors, dairy farms emerge as the main candidates for the application of the IST.
Exploratory innovation, exploitative innovation and employee creativity
Authors: Hong Jin , Hou Bojun , Zhu Kejia , Marinova Dora 
Published: March 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between exploratory/exploitative innovation and employee creativity in the Chinese context and how these two relationships can be moderated by an important cultural dimension – collectivism.Design/methodology/approachA theoretical framework was developed to explore the relationships between exploratory/exploitative innovation, employee creativity and collectivism. Data were collected by sending out surveys to managers and employees in various industries in mainland China. Hypotheses were tested using hierarchical regressions.FindingsThe results show that both exploratory innovation and exploitative innovation are positively related to employee creativity. Furthermore, collectivism negatively moderates the effects of both types of innovation on employee creativity, despite its positive main effect.Originality/valueThis study explores the relationship between organizational innovation and individual employee creativity in the Chinese context. This paper empirically analyzes the moderating effect of collectivism in the relationship between organizational innovation and employee creativity. It also indicates the factors inherent in Chinese culture that influence innovation and gives explanations from education, subordinate relation, etc.
Demystification of the glass ceiling phenomenon
Authors: Vassakis Konstantinos , Sakka Georgia , Lemonakis Christos 
Published: March 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the gender role phenomenon and the stereotyping of requisite managers’ personal characteristics in the Greek society of today.Design/methodology/approachData were collected quantitatively based on the informants’ perceptions on successful managers’ personality traits and according to the informants’ personality characteristics. Questionnaires were administered online to two separate convenience samples. Reliability analysis (Cronbach’sα) was employed for scale refinement, while intraclass correlation coefficient (r’) andt-test analysis examined the similarity of respondents’ responses across the items of the refined scale.FindingsThe results indicate that gender role stereotypes are challenged. It seems that the perceived managers’ personality is comprised of both agentic/masculine and communal/feminine characteristics and this perception is not perceived differently by men and women. This debates on whether the “glass ceiling” exists due to other determinants.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the literature on gender role stereotyping research and perceptions of managerial personality characteristics in Greece.
Agro-pastoralists’ determinants of adaptation to climate change
Authors: Kgosikoma Keneilwe Ruth , Lekota Phatsimo Cotildah , Kgosikoma Olaotswe Ernest 
Published: March 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to analyze smallholder farmers’ perceptions on climate change and its stressors, their adaptation strategies and factors that influence their adaptation to climate change.

Design/methodology/approach
The study was conducted in Kweneng district, located in the south eastern part of Botswana. Multi-stage sampling was used to obtain a representative sample from three sub-districts in the district. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data by using face-to-face interviews.

Findings
Majority of farmers perceived an increase in mean annual temperature and the number of hot days and a decrease in mean annual rainfall and the number of rainfall days over the past 10 years as indicators of climate change. The prominent adaptation strategies included changes in planting dates for crops and supplementary feeding for livestock. The logistic regression results show that gender, age, household size, poverty, shortage of land, mixed farming and knowledge about climate change significantly influence adaptation.

Practical implications
The findings indicate that climate change policy should target agricultural diversification at the household level and dissemination of information on climate change and adaptation strategies.

Originality/value
Policy recommendations can be suggested: government climate change interventions should target agricultural diversification at the household level, and this study provides insights on what influences adaptation strategies and what should be targeted to build resilience in the agricultural sector.
The mechanical and comfort properties of cotton and regenerated fibers blended woven fabrics
Authors: Latif Wasif , Basit Abdul , Ali Zulfiqar , Ahmad Baig Sajjad 
Published: March 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the 100 percent pure cotton and 50:50 cotton and regenerated fibers (tencel, modal, bamboo, viscose) blends. The blends of regenerated fibers with cotton are studied so as to replace 100 percent cotton fabrics with the cotton blends as cotton cannot fulfill the demand of clothing due to the increasing population.

Design/methodology/approach
In order to conduct this study, cotton, as natural cellulose fiber, was used. Regenerated fibers include viscose, tencel, modal and bamboo. Five yarn samples of Ne 30/1 of 100 percent cotton and blends (50:50) of cotton with tencel, modal, bamboo and viscose fibers were produced. The blending was done in the Blow-room, and yarn samples were produced by employing the ring spinning technique. Plain woven fabrics samples with Ends (76) and Picks (68) per inch of 120 gsm were prepared. The fabric samples were tested for mechanical (warp and weft tensile and tear strengths) and comfort properties (air permeability, moisture management and thermal resistance).

Findings
Cotton:tencel fabric has the excellent mechanical (tensile and tear strength) as well as comfort properties (air permeability, moisture management and thermal resistance). It means that the most suitable blend that cotton can make with the regenerated fibers is the tencel. Therefore, to have more comfortable fabrics, the fabrics which are being made by 100 percent cotton can be replaced with the cotton:tencel.

Originality/value
To the authors’ information, no study has been reported in which all the regenerated fibers blended with cotton were studied. Hence, the aim of this work is to study the mechanical and comfort properties of the regenerated fibers (modal, tencel, viscose and bamboo) blended with cotton. The blends of cotton with regenerated fibers might replace 100 percent cotton in clothing applications as cotton cannot fulfill the increasing demanding of clothing.
Challenging teachers’ ideas about what students need to learn
Authors: Martensson Pernilla , Hansson Henrik 
Published: March 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of the processes that make teachers learn in a collaborative arrangement similar to lesson study (LS) and learning study (LearS). The teachers in this collaboration wanted to enhance teaching and student learning (grades 4-7) about decimal numbers.

Design/methodology/approach
The analysis is based on data from five teachers’ collaborative work in an adaptive arrangement of LS and LearS called subject didactic groups. Data consist of eight audio recordings of the teachers’ meetings as well as written and photographic documentation of the meetings. The analysis was carried out through the lens of expansive learning within an activity system (Engeström, 1987). This entailed a focus on contradictions between teachers’ ways of thinking and acting when individually and collaboratively developing their teaching, on the solutions to the conflicts produced by the teachers, and on how these challenged the teachers’ ideas about what the students need to learn.

Findings
The authors identified contradictions between formative and summative assessment, exams and stressed students, prevailing norms about teaching and the theoretical tool used for planning and analyzing lessons and student learning, and the local curriculum and time constraints. The solutions to the conflicts were the driving force for developing new and more qualitative knowledge about what the students need to learn.

Originality/value
This paper gives explicit examples of contradictions and solutions that can challenge and drive teachers to expand their learning in an adaptive form of LS and LearS suited to daily teaching.
Thinking outside the box: a neuroscientific perspective on trust in B2B relationships
Authors: van Zeeland-van der Holst Eveline Maria , Henseler Jörg 
Published: March 2018

Purpose
The concept of trust suffers from conceptual confusion. The current perspectives on trust within the B2B marketing domain could be visualised as a big box of which the borders are defined by the disciplines marketing, economics, psychology and sociology. The purpose of this paper is to enlarge the box by introducing neuroscientific insights on trust to the B2B marketing domain.

Design/methodology/approach
By a literature study on neuroscientific insights on trust, this paper examines how neuroscience can help to solve existing problems within trust research and how it can address problems that otherwise might not be considered.

Findings
The neural coordinates of trust not only show that trust entails cognitive and affective elements, but also that these elements are so intertwined that they cannot be completely separated. What can and should be separated are the concepts of trust and distrust: the neural coordinates of trust are clearly different from the neural coordinates of distrust. Furthermore, there are personal differences in the ease of trusting others, which are not only caused by previous experiences but also by differences in resting patterns of frontal electroencephalographic asymmetry and by differences in hormonal state.

Research limitations/implications
Specifically, the neural difference between trust and distrust might shape the future research agenda for trust research within industrial marketing. It is likely that the process of distrust goes quick, whereas trust comes more slow. This is reflected in the dual processing theory, which is seen as a paradigm shift in the psychology of reasoning.

Originality/value
New perspectives and directions for trust research are presented. The distinction between trust and distrust is connected to approach- and avoidance-motivated behaviour, which is highly relevant for deepening the studies on trust within industrial marketing.
The role of interaction for corporate sustainability
Authors: Vildåsen Sigurd Sagen , Havenvid Malena Ingemansson 
Published: March 2018

PurposeMost scholars acknowledge the role of firm-stakeholder relationship for enabling corporate sustainability (CS), but existing literature tends to apply a superficial understanding of interaction. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to advance knowledge by challenging classical stakeholder theory with fundamental insights from the IMP perspective, which in turn leads to a deeper conceptualization of interactive CS.Design/methodology/approachA typology framework is developed through an abductive research design grounded in the concepts of actors, resources, and activities. The authors illustrate the potential of the framework through a longitudinal case study. The empirical case revolves around an initiative for recycling of plastic material in a partly beforehand established supply chain, and the study reveals three main findings.FindingsFirst, recycling solutions can result in major technological challenges. For example, using recycled material can jeopardize industrial quality standards. Second, third-party stakeholders represent critical knowledge and competence that can remedy technological challenges. Finally, R&D projects are important means for developing firm-stakeholder relationships.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper introduces IMP concepts to the CS debate, which can illuminate the emerging literature on tensions and paradoxes related to CS phenomena. Further research is needed on the role of non-business actors as capacity generators for social and environmental change in traditional business networks.Practical implicationsThe proposed framework can be used to analyze why some stakeholders (individuals and groups) turn into contributing actors in inter-organizational relationships, while others remain latent.Originality/valueThis paper illustrates the usefulness of actor bonds, resource ties and activity links as explanatory concepts. Moreover, developed relationships in terms of collaboration and networks represent a capacity to change, which is overlooked in current CS debates.