bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the asymptotic study of transmission problem in a thin domain
Authors: Benseghir Aissa , Benseridi Hamid , Dilmi Mourad 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In this paper, we study the theoretical analysis of a frictionless contact between two general elastic bodies in a stationary regime in a three-dimensional thin domain

Ω
ε

{\Omega^{\varepsilon}}

with Tresca friction law. Firstly, the problem statement and variational formulation are presented.
We then obtain the estimates on displacement independently of the parameter ε.
Finally, we obtain the main results concerning the limit of a weak problem and its uniqueness.
Stability and Change under the Global Model of Constitutional Rights: A Reply to Vanessa MacDonnell
Authors: Möller Kai 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The essay responds to a challenge posed by Vanessa MacDonnell and examines the question of stability and change under the global model of constitutional rights. Constitutionalism offers the promise of both stability and justice, but it may seem that there will often be a tension between these values. While some have accused the global model, and in particular proportionality, of overemphasizing justice at the cost of stability, MacDonnell claims that it underemphasizes the necessity of social change. In this response, I argue that in the long run the push for social change and towards justice can be realized only when there is also a certain stability, namely the stubborn democratic insistence that any state action must be reasonably justifiable to those affected by it in terms of their freedom and equality. This conviction lies at the core and will be reinforced by the endorsement of the global model of constitutional rights.
A Private Law Court in A Public Law System
Authors: Greene Jamal 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The U.S. Supreme Court’s approach to human rights is a global outlier. In conceiving of rights adjudication in categorical terms rather than embracing proportionality analysis, the Court limits its ability to make the kinds of qualitative judgments about rights application required to adjudicate claims of disparate impact, social and economic rights, and horizontal effects, among others. This approach, derivative of a private-law model of dispute resolution, sits in tension with the rights claims typical of a pluralistic jurisdiction with a mature rights culture, in which litigants more often disagree, reasonably, about the scope of rights rather than deny that others have them at all. In order to overcome the mismatch between the nature of the rights claims the Court faces and its anachronistic technology of adjudication, it will need not only to adopt a form of proportionality analysis but it will also need to adjust the ways in which it receives and assesses empirical social facts and it will need to broaden its remedial toolkit to include, for example, suspensions of invalidity. While proportionality is far from perfect, its flaws are anticipated by the challenges of constitutional democracy itself under conditions of pluralism.
Introduction
Authors: McClure Julia 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This forum examines the role of charity in empire formations from a diachronic and transregional perspective. It focuses upon the beliefs, discourses, and practices of charity that developed within Christianity and the roles they played in the West’s imperial projects, from the first global empires that emerged from the Iberian Peninsula in the sixteenth century to projects of philanthro-imperialism in modern China. This forum exposes the complex religious, economic, political, and cultural roles that charity has played in imperial projects and increases our consciousness of the ways it continues to shape global politics. It shines light on the way in which governing bodies, institutions, and individuals have instrumentalized charity to achieve a range of strategic functions whilst shaping the narrative and image of their power. Viewing empire through the lens of charity also provides the opportunity to bring not only the rich but also the poor into focus and to explore the ways they have been active subjects negotiating for a range of material and immaterial resources in imperial contexts.
An optimal solution for software testing case generation based on particle swarm optimization
Authors: Jianqi Shi , Yanhong Huang , Ang Li , Fangda Cai 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSearching based testing case generation technology converts the problem of testing case generation to function optimizations, through a fitness function, which is usually optimized using heuristic search algorithms. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) optimized testing case generation algorithm tends to lose population diversity of locally optimal solutions with low accuracy of local search. To overcome the above defects, a self-adaptive PSO based software testing case optimization algorithm is proposed. It adjusts the inertia weight dynamically according to the current iteration and average relative speed, to improve the performance of standard PSO. An improved alternating variable method is put forward to accelerate local search speed, which can coordinate both global and local search ability thereby improving the overall generation efficiency of testing cases. The experimental results demonstrate that the approach outlined here keeps higher testing case generation efficiency, and it shows certain advantages in coverage, evolution generation amount and running time when compared to standard PSO and GA-PSO.
Enhancing vitamin B12 content in co-fermented soy-milk via a Lotka Volterra model
Authors: Shi Lihua , Xu Yuanyuan , Zhan Liangsheng , Xiang Shasha , Zhu Xuan , Wang Xinmiao , Tian Shiyi 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Soybean products are popular because of its taste, digestibility, and health benefits. However, soybean lacks vitamin, mainly the low water-soluble vitamin B12. This study investigated the effects of fermentation conditions on the synthesis of vitamin B12, production of metabolites, and growth of Lactobacillus reuteri and Propionibacterium shermainii in fermented soy-milk. A Lotka Volterra model was successfully employed to describe the competition relationship between the two microorganisms under various fermentation conditions. A quadratic function between the ratio of interaction coefficients and vitamin B12 content was found. Higher vitamin B12 in soy-milk can be produced when the ratio of interaction coefficients approach to one. Compared with other fermented soybean products, fermented soy-milk contains more acetate, ethanol, and propionic acid. This study successfully demonstrated a mathematical model to enhance soy-milk vitamin B12 production.
Corporate Social Responsibility und die Frage nach staatlicher Regulierung: Eine rechtspolitische Einschätzung
Authors: Humbert Franziska 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDie folgende Abhandlung wirft in Anbetracht aktueller Entwicklungen wie der Annahme des deutschen Nationalen Aktionsplans für die Umsetzung der UN-Leitprinzipien für Wirtschaft und Menschenrechte in 2016 und der Verabschiedung des Umsetzungsgesetzes zur CSR-Richtlinie (2014/95/EU) nach dem Verhältnis freiwilligen Unternehmenshandelns und staatlicher Regulierung auf dem Gebiet Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) neu auf. Sie beginnt mit dem Versuch einer Bilanz bisheriger unternehmerischer CSR-Maßnahmen, stellt dann die Entwicklung der Definition von CSR auf EU-Ebene dar, erläutert das Kernstück der UN-Leitprinzipien, die sogenannte menschenrechtliche Sorgfaltspflicht, und schließt mit einer Bewertung des deutschen Aktionsplans sowie der Umsetzung der CSR-Richtlinie. Abschließend stellt sie einen Gesetzesvorschlag für ein menschenrechtliches Sorgfaltspflichtengesetz für Unternehmen vor und unterbreitet Vorschläge zur Verbesserung des Umsetzungsgesetzes für die Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung.
Die Mutter-Verantwortlichkeit für Menschenrechtsverletzungen ihrer Auslandstöchter
Authors: Schall Alexander 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungNach den „UN-Leitprinzipien für Wirtschaft und Menschenrechte“ („Ruggie-Prinzipien“) aus dem Jahr 2011 soll global agierende Unternehmen eine „menschenrechtliche Sorgfaltspflicht“ treffen, kraft derer sie jeglicher Beteiligung ihrer Tochterunternehmen oder Zulieferer im Ausland an Menschenrechtsverletzungen entgegen wirken sollen. Wiewohl bloßes soft law, sollen diese Prinzipen nach dem Aktionsplan der Bundesregierung bis 2020 umgesetzt werden. Dabei steht das Deliktsrecht im Fokus. Die h. M. lehnt eine Verantwortlichkeit der Konzernmutter für Delikte ihrer Tochterunternehmen bislang ab. Der Beitrag bezweifelt dies und schlägt eine differenzierte Betrachtung vor, die ansonsten drohende gesetzgeberische Maßnahmen weitgehend erübrigen könnte.
La varia lectio en la transmisión del De medicina equorum: algunas hipótesis sobre el modelo de la versión gallega de Giordano Ruffo
Authors: Pérez Barcala Gerardo 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis article offers an approach to the De medicina equorum (post 1250–ante 1256) with the aim of analyzing some of the divergences between the manuscript that contains the Galician translation (Biblioteca Nacional de España, ms. 23076) and the Latin text, mainly known through Girolamo Molin’s edition (based on ms. Lat. Cl. VII 24 of the Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana de Venezia). The analysis of the Latin and Romance tradition of Ruffo’s work as well as of other treatises written under its influence show that these divergences do not result from mistakes in the copy of the Galician translation but are rather related to the variations issuing from the process of transmission of this work. Thus, the essay contributes to the establishment of certain textual features of the source text of the Galician version, most likely a Latin manuscript similar to but different from the codex reproduced by Molin.
O Cartulário de Fiães enquanto corpus toponímico: acerca de alguns nomes de lugar na fronteira galego-portuguesa
Authors: Martínez Lema Paulo 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe chartulary of the Monastery of Santa Maria de Fiães consists of documentation dating mostly back to the 12th century which concerns the process of constitution of the land patrimony of the Benedictine abbey located on the Galician-Portuguese border. This documentary source offers several interesting aspects for linguistic research. In particular, it is worth highlighting the fact that this source contains some of the earliest records (or even, in some cases, the only ones) available for the analysis of a significant number of place-names in the extensive geographic area (the Portuguese Minho land as well as the southern and southwestern regions of Galicia) in which the monastery had a greater number of properties. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore this line of research, by collecting the records in the chartulary for a micro-corpus of four place-names (one being Portuguese and three Galician) and by using them to identify both their etymon and their formal and semantic evolution. Moreover, we will establish, when necessary, their possible relations with other toponymic items, finally analyzing certain dynamics and phenomena (essentially phonetic ones). Their research interest stems from their relatively rare nature in the context of Galician-Portuguese toponymy.
Romagnolo fe(r) e’ curdo(n) ‘fare le fusa’
Authors: Baglioni Daniele 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this article the Romagnolo locution fe(r) e’ curdo(n) ‘to purr’ is considered in regard to its etymology. It is argued that the word curdo(n) ‘string’ is a paretymological reinterpretation of burdon ‘burden, drone’, a technical music term designating the lowest course of a lute and, more generally, a uniform bass accompaniment. Hence the locution would have been playfully applied to the purr of cats, whose noise resembles a bass accompaniment because of its low pitch and assiduity.
Ital. ammazzare (con considerazioni su stramazzare, mattare, mazzare)
Authors: Gomez Gane Yorick 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe Italian verb ammazzare ‘to kill (someone), usually in a violent way’ is explained by Italian historical and etymological lexicography as a verb originally indicating a homicide committed with a club (Italian mazza). On the basis of historical linguistic examples it is instead here ascribed to the act of striking animals with a club during slaughter, where the verb would then assume (for the immediate correspondence between the action and its purpose) the general meaning of ‘killing (an animal)’ (subsequently being referred to people). The article then briefly discusses the etymology of the Italian verb stramazzare ‘to strike down to the ground violently’, which may also be ascribed to animal slaughter, and finally the origin of the ancient Italian verbs mattare and mazzare ‘to kill’, as well as their possible Latin bases *mattare/*mattiare.
Risk Factors and Number of Falls as Determinants of Quality of Life of Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Pérez-Ros Pilar , Martínez-Arnau Francisco M. , Tarazona-Santabalbina Francisco J. 
Published: June 2018

Background and Purpose:
In older adults, the psychological impact and effects related to the loss of functional capacity are directly related to perceived quality of life (QOL). The predictors of better QOL are increased physical activity, lower prevalence of overweight, lower cases of depression, and lower rate of reported alcohol abuse. On the contrary, the predictors of decreased QOL are female gender, comorbidity, deficient nutritional condition, polypharmacy, loss of mobility, depression and dependency, poor economic conditions, and social isolation and loneliness. Furthermore, QOL in older adults is more dependent on the number of falls than comorbidity. The objective was to investigate the determinants of perceived QOL among independent community-dwelling older adults and to quantify the influence of number of falls and number of risk factors on QOL.

Methods:
This is a cross-sectional study of 572 older adults (>70 years of age) seen in 10 primary care centers in La Ribera, Valencia, Spain. Comprehensive geriatric assessment was done by 4 nurses in primary care centers. Functional status and sociodemographic and clinical variables were collected. Quality of life was assessed with the EQ-5D scale.

Results:
Females predominated (63.3%). Mean age (standard deviation) was 76.1 (3.9) years. The male gender (β = .09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.05-0.13) was found to be predictive of better QOL, together with physical activity (β = .04; 95% CI: 0.02-0.06), while the use of drugs affecting the central nervous system (β = −.08; 95% CI: −0.12 to −0.03), overweight (β = −.06; 95% CI: 0.1 to − 0.02), comorbidity (β = −.09; 95% CI: −0.13 to −0.05), the presence of fall risk factors (β = −.02; 95% CI: −0.03 to 0.01), and the number of previous falls (β = −.03; 95% CI: −0.06 to 0.01) had a negative impact upon the EQ-5D Index score.

Conclusions:
If perceived QOL is used as an indicator of the success of intervention programs, certain factors accompanying the adoption of measures for the prevention of falls may mask the results (failure or success) of the intervention. Because most determinants of QOL are modifiable and physical activity has the potential to improve QOL, this research suggests that physical activity programs should be a component of health care for older adults.
Differences in Maturity, Morphological, and Fitness Attributes Between the Better- and Lower-Ranked Male and Female U-14 Portuguese Elite Regional Basketball Teams
Authors: Ramos Sérgio , Volossovitch Anna , Ferreira António P. , Barrigas Carlos , Fragoso Isabel , Massuça Luís 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Ramos, S, Volossovitch, A, Ferreira, AP, Barrigas, C, Fragoso, I, and Massuça, L. Differences in maturity, morphological and fitness attributes between the better- and lower-ranked male and female U-14 Portuguese elite regional basketball teams. J Strength Cond Res 34(3): 878–887, 2020—During a national championship, the anthropometric, physiological, and maturation attributes of 13–14-year-old players of regional selection basketball teams and their association with team's final classification were analyzed. Body parameters (body mass, height, skinfolds, and lengths) were measured and physiological capacities assessed by sprint (20 m), agility, jump, and upper-body strength tests. Chronological age, maturity offset (years from age at peak height velocity; YAPHV), and predicted age at peak height velocity were calculated. In both sexes, no significant differences were found for maturity. Anthropometric and physiological analysis indicated that male players from finalist's teams were significantly faster, were more agile, threw the medicine ball longer, and showed lower percentages of body fat than players from lower-ranked teams. Further, semifinalists were faster than lower-ranked players. In the same sense, female players from semifinalist teams demonstrated to be significantly faster, more agile, and threw the medicine ball longer than female players from lower-ranked teams. In addition, discriminant analysis showed that speed (in boys) and the combination of speed and upper limb strength (in girls) could successfully discriminate players with different performances in a championship. In conclusion, speed and upper limb strength appear to be the physical attributes associated with better team performance in youth basketball. Coaches should be aware of the relationship between the improvement of these physical attributes and the teaching-learning process of the basketball game.
Caffeine's Effects on an Upper-Body Resistance Exercise Workout
Authors: Salatto Robert W. , Arevalo Jose A. , Brown Lee E. , Wiersma Lenny D. , Coburn Jared W. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Salatto, RW, Arevalo, JA, Brown, LE, Wiersma, LD, and Coburn, JW. Caffeine's effects on an upper-body resistance exercise workout. J Strength Cond Res 34(6): 1643–1648, 2020—The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of caffeine on an upper-body resistance exercise workout. Fifteen men (mean ± SD: age, 23.1 ± 1.9 years; body mass, 89.1 ± 13.9 kg; height, 175 ± 6.1 cm) volunteered to come to the laboratory 3 times. During visit 1, 1-repetition maximum (RM) values were determined for the barbell bench press, incline barbell bench press, and dumbbell bench press exercises. For visit 2, subjects consumed either 800-mg caffeine or a placebo. Subjects then completed 3 sets to failure of each exercise using 80% of their 1RM. Visit 3 was the same as visit 2; however, participants consumed the opposite treatment as visit 2. Various perceptual measures were recorded before, during, and after the workouts. The results indicated that participants completed significantly more repetitions per set for the barbell bench press (4.80 ± 2.66) and incline barbell bench press (4.91 ± 2.29) in the caffeine condition compared with the placebo condition (4.42 ± 2.56 and 4.36 ± 2.11, respectively). Higher arousal scores were found in the caffeine condition. For vigor, participants reported higher scores with caffeine before warming up (caffeine = 10.20 ± 4.11, placebo = 6.20 ± 3.23) and mid workout (caffeine = 13.53 ± 2.29, placebo = 11.13 ± 2.79). These results suggest that caffeine has an ergogenic effect on strength workout performance due, at least in part, to positive effects on workout perception. Athletes and recreational lifters may want to consider the ingestion of caffeine before a resistance exercise workout.
ovoDCo-selection: A Method for Enriching CRISPR/Cas9-Edited Alleles inDrosophila
Authors: Ewen-Campen Ben , Perrimon Norbert 
Published: June 2018

AbstractScreening for successful CRISPR/Cas9 editing events remains a time consuming technical bottleneck in the field of Drosophila genome editing. This step can be particularly laborious for events that do not cause a visible phenotype, or those which occur at relatively low frequency. A promising strategy to enrich for desired CRISPR events is to co-select for an independent CRISPR event that produces an easily detectable phenotype. Here, we describe a simple negative co-selection strategy involving CRISPR-editing of a dominant female sterile allele, ovoD1. In this system (“ovoD co-selection”), the only functional germ cells in injected females are those that have been edited at the ovoD1 locus, and thus all offspring of these flies have undergone editing of at least one locus. We demonstrate that ovoD co-selection can be used to enrich for knock-out mutagenesis via nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ), and for knock-in alleles via homology-directed repair (HDR). Altogether, our results demonstrate that ovoD co-selection reduces the amount of screening necessary to isolate desired CRISPR events in Drosophila.
Yurisprudensi Sebagai Alternatif Refrensial Hakim Dalam Memahami Konstitusi
Authors: Ningsih Rahmah 
Published: June 2018

Abstrak. Pembangunan dan pembaharuan hukum tidak hanya dilakukan melalui kodifikasi dan unifikasi hukum akan tetapi dapat juga dilakukan melalui hukum-hukum yang tidak tertulis baik itu hukum kebiasaan, atau putusan hakim yang telah berkekuatan hukum tetap (yurisprudensi). Pembaharuan dalam yurisprudensi sangat penting untuk dibahas apalagi terhadap permasalahan yang belum diatur jelas oleh peraturan perundang-undangan atau masih ada perdebatan mengenai permasalahan tersebut.Yurisprudensi memiliki kekuatan hukum yang sama dengan undang-undang, karena putusan-putusannya telah berkekuatan hukum tetap serta dibenarkan oleh Mahkamah Agung sebagai pengadilan tingkat kasasi. Putusan hakim pada pengadilan tingkat pertama atau pengadilan tingkat banding belum tentu dapat dikategorikan sebagai yurisprudensi, kecuali apabila putusan tersebut telah melalui proses eksaminasi dan notasi serta rekomendasi sebagai putusan yang telah memenuhi standar hukum yurisprudensi dari Mahkamah Agung. Kata Kunci: Yurisprudensi, Referensi Hakim, Konstitusi.
Identificación de los conocimientos de calidad de la información de mortalidad en Bogotá
Authors: Chaparro-Narváez Pablo Enrique , Jiménez-Serna Mónica Marcela , De la Hoz Restrepo Fernando Pio 
Published: June 2018

Objetivo Identificar los conocimientos del personal que participaba en la producción y el uso de la información de mortalidad sobre la calidad de la misma, durante el año 2010.Métodos Estudio descriptivo que aplicó encuesta semi-estructurada, auto-administrada a 130 funcionarios que participaban en la producción y uso de estadísticas de mortalidad. Sobre los conocimientos de calidad de la información de mortalidad, se indagaron aspectos que daban cuenta de fiabilidad, características, calificación, explicación a la calificación dada y propuesta para mejorar. Se calcularon frecuencias y distribuciones porcentuales. Resultados El 76,2 % de los encuestados identificaron cobertura y contenido como aspectos que daban cuenta de la fiabilidad de la información de mortalidad. Las principales características de calidad de la información reconocidas fueron veracidad, 80,8 %; completitud, 76,2 %; precisión, 75,4 %; oportunidad, 74,6 %; y validez, 73,8 %. El 55,4 % de los participantes calificó la calidad como regular y el 6,2 % como mala. Sensibilización, procesos formativos y evaluativos fueron algunas de las propuestas mencionadas para el mejoramiento de la calidad. Conclusiones Los hallazgos sugieren que existe falta de conocimientos sobre la calidad de la información de mortalidad. Se hace necesario corregir esa falta de conocimientos poniendo en práctica las propuestas de mejoramiento realizada por los encuestados. Se recomendó que las distintas propuestas que se pongan en marcha, sean seguidas y evaluadas para conocer el impacto que ellas producen.