bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fetal Congenital Peripheral Bronchial Atresia Diagnosed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Two Case Reports
Authors: Kozaki Mitsuru , Iraha Yuko , Masamoto Hitoshi , Nitta Hayase , Chinen Yukiko , Kinjo Tadatsugu , Mekaru Keiko , Aoki Yoichi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTwo types of congenital bronchial atresia (proximal and peripheral) have been classified. We report two cases of peripheral bronchial atresia diagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Evaluating an enlarged lung mass that is homogeneously hyperechoic on US and hyperintense on T2-weighted MRI can help in determining whether bronchial atresia is present. Proximal type is suggested when a dilated main bronchus is observed as a tubule structure of an involved lung hilum. In our cases, T2-weighted MRI revealed homogeneously hyperintense lung lesion with decreased signal intensity of adjacent lobe, flattening diaphragm, and mediastinal shift. Dilatation of the main bronchus was not observed and the opposite lung was normal in appearance. These findings were explained by secondary compression due to enlargement of the involved lung. The preservation of vascular structure and the retained normal shape, though enlarged, in the affected lobe were observed, which demonstrated undisrupted pulmonary architecture of the lobe. Thus, congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation was excluded because pulmonary architecture was relatively preserved. Finally, presumed diagnoses of the peripheral bronchial atresia were made and confirmed by postnatal chest computed tomography.
Impact of Prosthesis-Patient Mismatch on Survival after Mitral Valve Replacement: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Hwang Ho-Young , Sohn Suk-Ho , Jang Myoung-jin 
Published: October 2018

Background Numerous studies have demonstrated a negative impact of prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM) on long-term clinical outcomes after aortic valve replacement. However, the impact of PPM after mitral valve replacement (MVR) on clinical outcomes is still controversial. This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of PPM on early and long-term survival after MVR.
Methods A literature search of five databases was performed. The primary and secondary outcomes were all-cause mortality and early mortality, respectively. Subgroup analyses were performed according to the risk of bias, patients' age, proportion of female patients, and proportion of patients with mechanical MVR.
Results Eleven nonrandomized studies including 8,072 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The overall incidence of PPM was 58.0% (range: 10.4–85.9%). The odds ratio of early mortality in nine studies was not significantly different between the PPM and non-PPM patients (odds ratio: 1.35; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98–1.86). A pooled analysis in 11 studies demonstrated that all-cause mortality after MVR was higher in the PPM than non-PPM patients (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.09–1.77). This analysis revealed a moderate to high heterogeneity (I
2 = 69.4%). When pooled analyses were performed in two subgroups according to the proportion of patients with mechanical MVR, there were low heterogeneity in each group. No other subgroup analyses demonstrated a significant difference in the HR of all-cause mortality. Funnel plots and Egger's tests showed no visually and statistically significant publication bias.
Conclusion The present meta-analysis indicates that PPM negatively affects long-term survival after MVR.
Translating biased signaling in the ghrelin receptor system into differential in vivo functions
Authors: Mende Franziska , Hundahl Cecilie , Plouffe Bianca , Skov Louise Julie , Sivertsen Bjørn , Madsen Andreas Nygaard , Lückmann Michael , Diep Thi Ai , Offermanns Stefan , Frimurer Thomas Michael , Bouvier Michel , Holst Birgitte 
Published: October 2018

Significance
Obesity is a major health threat of the twenty-first century, impacting individual patients and healthcare expenditure. Due to safety concerns, few antiobesity treatments with only moderate effect remain on the market. The ghrelin receptor is an attractive target for the development of novel antiobesity drugs, since ghrelin increases both fat accumulation and food intake. However, ghrelin also modulates a variety of additional physiological functions. Thus, drugs targeting the ghrelin receptor may induce unacceptable side effects and have limited clinical use. We demonstrate that biased ligands, which selectively activate only a subset of the molecular signaling pathways, may be powerful tools to obtain drugs that efficaciously reduce body weight without inducing adverse effects by selectively modulating appetite and energy expenditure.
Human mitochondrial degradosome prevents harmful mitochondrial R loops and mitochondrial genome instability
Authors: Silva Sonia , Camino Lola P. , Aguilera Andrés 
Published: October 2018

Significance
R loops form during transcription when the mRNA hybridizes back to the template DNA forming a stable DNA–RNA hybrid. Stable R loops can block replication and transcription machineries, leading to genome instability and human diseases. We report that the human mitochondrial degradosome (mtEXO), formed by SUV3 and PNPase, plays an important role in R-loop metabolism in the mitochondria apart from preventing dsRNA accumulation, with implications in replication and preventing instability of the mitochondrial genome. Our findings help establish a connection between the RNA processing activities of the mtEXO and mitochondrial genome stability, affecting mitochondria homeostasis, cellular metabolism, and human diseases.
Activity-dependent bulk endocytosis proteome reveals a key presynaptic role for the monomeric GTPase Rab11
Authors: Kokotos A. C. , Peltier J. , Davenport E. C. , Trost M. , Cousin M. A. 
Published: October 2018

SignificanceThe maintenance of neurotransmission by synaptic vesicle (SV) recycling is critical to brain function. The dominant SV recycling mode during intense activity is activity-dependent bulk endocytosis (ADBE), suggesting it will perform a pivotal role in neurotransmission. However, the role of ADBE is still undetermined, due to the absence of identified molecules specific for this process. The determination of the bulk endosome proteome (a key ADBE organelle) revealed that it has a unique molecular signature and identified a role for Rab11 in presynaptic function. This work provides the molecular inventory of ADBE, a resource that will be of significant value to researchers wishing to modulate neurotransmission during intense neuronal activity in both health and disease.
Language alternation in peer interaction in content and language integrated learning (CLIL)
Authors: Morton Tom , Evnitskaya Natalia 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This chapter explores language alternation (LA) practices in peer interaction in a CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) science classroom in the context of recent calls for rethinking language use in multilingual education, notably the concept of “translanguaging”. While most studies attempt to identify functions for LA practices in multilingual education, the conversation analytic perspective of this study examines LA from a participants’ (emic) perspective. The analyses explore LA practices at both the “local” level of turn construction and sequence organisation, and the “overall” level of participants’ orientation to medium of instruction. The findings suggest that improving understanding of learners’ LA practices in peer interaction in multilingual education contexts could contribute to achieving the goals of this type of education.
Recurring patterns of language alternation practices by EFL novice teachers in Vietnam
Authors: Giang Lam Hoang Thi 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This study adopts the methods of conversation analysis to track the recurring patterns in the language alternation practices of three English as a Foreign Language (EFL) novice teachers’ in a Vietnamese tertiary context. The analysis focused on alternation from English (the L2) to Vietnamese (the L1) during their teaching. Findings show that in instructional elicitation sequences when teachers pursued students’ comprehension and response, there was a gap before the teachers switched to the L1. Also, when teachers provided the students with quickly stated instructions, checked and confirmed their comprehension and further elaborated their own instructions, the L1 was the medium of choice. Such switches to the L1 were frequently conducted without a gap.
A macrorole approach to dative subjects
Authors: Farrell Patrick , Willgohs Beatriz 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The arguments of certain Spanish verbs of psychological experience exhibit morphosyntactic properties similar to those of Germanic “oblique subject” verbs, as described, for example, in Barðdal (2001) and Barðdal & Eythórsson (2005). In this article, we show how the behavior of dative experiencers looks neither “quirky” nor “non-canonical” when grammatical privilege is accounted for directly in terms of semantic macroroles in the sense of Role and Reference Grammar (Van Valin 2005), provided that the standard set of Actor (A) and Undergoer (U) macroroles is augmented to include a third, i.e., Receptor (R), that corresponds roughly to Fillmore’s (1968) Dative category of semantic case and the Relational Grammar indirect object relation (Perlmutter 1984). Adding R to the set of macroroles enables us to account straightforwardly for the subject and non-subject properties of dative experiencers in Spanish, as well as parallel properties of possessor/recipient arguments across construction types, without having anything hinge either on dative case per se or on the notion of subject.
The diachrony of non-canonical subjects in Northwest Semitic
Authors: Pat-El Na'ama 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
A syntactic pattern involving non-canonical subject marking in some Northwest-Semitic languages is fascinating for two reasons: (1) it cannot be reconstructed to the proto-language and it must have developed relatively late in the history of the family, which affords us an opportunity to observe its development through textual attestations (cf. Barðdal & Eythórsson 2009); (2) the predication is by and large non-verbal, which seems to counter explanations based on passive derivations and agentivity as a possible origin (Haspelmath 2001). I suggest instead that non-canonical subjects originated from free datives in clauses where the typical agreement cannot be applied. In such cases, the dative, which is animate, definite and associated with the subject, eventually outranked the original subject, which is typically a nominalization and never animate or definite. I further discuss the special features of the non-canonical subject and argue that it is quite stable.
Frequency as a key to language change and reorganisation
Authors: Breder Birkenes Magnus 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This paper deals with the case of apparent subtraction in number and case morphology, which is a special phenomenon shared by many German dialects. Taking a vast amount of material from all over the German-speaking area into consideration, this paper treats subtraction within a usage-based approach. Subtractive forms are seen as diachronically transparent, but synchronically a case of weak suppletion, whose retention is governed by frequency. It is argued that phonological rules lead to grammatical variation (allomorphy) that is eliminated over time. In most dialects, other more type-frequent patterns like zero-marking or additive endings prevail (perhaps due to influence from the standard language), but in a few dialects, the subtractive pattern remains strong and even expands to other lexemes. This aspect of variation has, as of yet, not been adequately explained by previous rule-based approaches to subtraction in German dialects.
Genesis and diachronic persistence of overabundance
Authors: Cappellaro Chiara 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This article investigates the genesis and diachronic persistence of ‘overabundance’ (Thornton 2011) or variation at the level of individual cells in a lexeme’s paradigm (e.g. Italian pst.ptcp forms sepolto/seppellito ‘buried’). Two main genetic paths are identified: emergence (i) via form competition (e.g. Italian ella/essa ‘she’) and (ii) via rule competition (e.g. Ladin talaranes/talarane/talaràs ‘spiders’). Building on previous work (Cappellaro 2013, 2017), the present study proposes that persistence correlates positively with low frequency and later acquisition, but also addresses the question whether there is a link between genetic type (form/rule competition) and persistence. In the case of Italian sepolto/seppellito < Latin sepultus/sepelitus, persistence over millennia is metachronic – a function of analogical pressures inherent in the system, which can, in principle, operate at any given time.
Reorganising voice in the history of Greek
Authors: Lavidas Nikolaos 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
In this study, I analyse the reorganisation of voice variation in Greek in terms of an increase or decrease in complexity. I support the view of split complexity (E[xternal]- vs. I[nternal]-complexity), and I add the role of parametric routes to the whole picture of grammatical complexity in cases of reorganisation of variation. In this respect, the new active anticausatives resulted in a lower degree of complexity in terms of derivation; conversely, the parametric route became more complex because a microparameter determines the lexically constrained group of active anticausatives. In terms of E-complexity, the option of this microparameter results in lower complexity because it is related to frequent elements. However, E-complexity is also affected by a prescriptive rule that favours elements that are less frequent (nonactive anticausatives).
Power analysis in a SMART design: sample size estimation for determining the best embedded dynamic treatment regime
Authors: Artman William J , Nahum-Shani Inbal , Wu Tianshuang , Mckay James R , Ertefaie Ashkan 
Published: October 2018

Summary
Sequential, multiple assignment, randomized trial (SMART) designs have become increasingly popular in the field of precision medicine by providing a means for comparing more than two sequences of treatments tailored to the individual patient, i.e., dynamic treatment regime (DTR). The construction of evidence-based DTRs promises a replacement to ad hoc one-size-fits-all decisions pervasive in patient care. However, there are substantial statistical challenges in sizing SMART designs due to the correlation structure between the DTRs embedded in the design (EDTR). Since a primary goal of SMARTs is the construction of an optimal EDTR, investigators are interested in sizing SMARTs based on the ability to screen out EDTRs inferior to the optimal EDTR by a given amount which cannot be done using existing methods. In this article, we fill this gap by developing a rigorous power analysis framework that leverages the multiple comparisons with the best methodology. Our method employs Monte Carlo simulation to compute the number of individuals to enroll in an arbitrary SMART. We evaluate our method through extensive simulation studies. We illustrate our method by retrospectively computing the power in the Extending Treatment Effectiveness of Naltrexone (EXTEND) trial. An R package implementing our methodology is available to download from the Comprehensive R Archive Network.
Sildenafil for the treatment of preeclampsia, an update: should we still be enthusiastic?
Authors: Simon-Tillaux Noémie , Lecarpentier Edouard , Tsatsaris Vassilis , Hertig Alexandre 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPreeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy and the clinical manifestation of severe endothelial dysfunction associated with maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality. The primum movens of the disease is the defect of invasion of the uterine arteries by foetal syncytiotrophoblasts, which causes a maladaptive placental response to chronic hypoxia and the secretion of the soluble form of type 1 vascular growth endothelial factor receptor, also called soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1), the major player in the pathophysiology of the disease. Among its different effects, sFlt-1 induces abnormal sensitivity of the maternal vessels to the vasoconstrictor angiotensin II. This leads to the hypertensive phenotype, recently shown to be abrogated by the administration of sildenafil citrate, which can potentiate the vasodilatory mediator nitrite oxide. This review focuses on the mechanisms of maternal endothelial dysfunction in preeclampsia and discusses the therapeutic window of sildenafil use in the context of preeclampsia, based on the results from preclinical studies and clinical trials. Safety issues recently reported in neonates have considerably narrowed this window.
Risk Factors and Outcomes Associated With Acquisition of Daptomycin and Linezolid–Nonsusceptible Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus
Authors: Greene Matthew H , Harris Bryan D , Nesbitt Whitney J , Watson Marley L , Wright Patty W , Talbot Thomas R , Nelson George E 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundVancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) causes substantial health care–associated infection with increasing reports of resistance to daptomycin or linezolid. We conducted a case–control study reporting 81 cases of daptomycin and linezolid–nonsusceptible VRE (DLVRE), a resistance pattern not previously reported.MethodsWe reviewed VRE isolates from June 2010 through June 2015 for nonsusceptibility to both daptomycin (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] &gt; 4) and linezolid (MIC ≥ 4). We matched cases by year to control patients with VRE susceptible to both daptomycin and linezolid and performed retrospective chart review to gather risk factor and outcome data.ResultsWe identified 81 DLVRE cases. Resistance to both daptomycin and linezolid was more common than resistance to either agent individually. Compared with susceptible VRE, DLVRE was more likely to present as bacteremia without focus (P &lt; 0.01), with DLVRE patients more likely to be immune suppressed (P = .04), to be neutropenic (P = .03), or to have had an invasive procedure in the prior 30 days (P = .04). Any antibiotic exposure over the prior 30 days conferred a 4-fold increased risk for DLVRE (odds ratio [OR], 4.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.43−12.63; P = .01); multivariate analysis implicated daptomycin days of therapy (DOT) over the past year as a specific risk factor (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.01−1.19; P = .03). DLVRE cases had longer hospitalizations (P = .04) but no increased risk for in-hospital death.ConclusionsDLVRE is an emerging multidrug-resistant pathogen associated with immune suppression, neutropenia, and recent invasive procedure. Prior antibiotic exposure, specifically daptomycin exposure, confers risk for acquisition of DLVRE.
Improving Opioid Management and Resource Utilization in an Internal Medicine Residency Clinic: A Before-After Study over Two Plan-Do-Study-Act Cycles
Authors: Wong Rachel , Carroll William , Muttreja Astha , Garcia Victor , Taub Erin , Fernan Alice 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Objective Chronic pain and opioid management are challenging in primary care, especially for trainees with discontinuous ambulatory schedules and less practice experience. The study objective was to improve adherence to quality metrics and office visit utilization in a resident clinic.
Design Before-after quality improvement intervention over two Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles.
Setting Suburban, university-affiliated Internal Medicine resident clinic.
Methods During the 2015–2017 academic years, two sequential interventions were implemented: 1) use of electronic pain and opioid management templates and workflow redesign routing opioid renewals through a registered nurse (RN); 2) RN previsit planning and daily nurse–physician huddles before patient visits. Outcomes included adherence to annual toxicology screening, risk assessment and opioid agreements, opioid dose prescribed, and office visit utilization.
Results The template and workflow redesign intervention increased annual toxicology from 53% to 81% (P < 0.0015), annual opioid agreement from 13.8% to 53.5% (P < 0.0001), and risk assessment from 0% to 75.9% (P < 0.0001). Average daily morphine milligram equivalents (MME) decreased from 96.6 MME to 67.7 MME (P < 0.0001), and annual office visits decreased from 11.1 to 8.9 (P = 0.0004). Previsit planning and huddles did not show incremental increases in adherence to quality measures but did improve clinic utilization and maintained high levels of adherence to quality measures.
Conclusions Quality improvement interventions can improve adherence to quality measures and clinic utilization. A critical role is served by midlevel nursing providers to provide continuity to patients and trainees. Teaching clinics need to develop sustainable systems of care to moderate quality assurance in opioid prescribing.
Comparison of Methodologies Used in Homicide Investigations to Collect, Prioritize, and Eliminate Persons of Interest: A Case Study of Three Dutch Real-World Homicide Cases
Authors: Sutmuller August Daniel , den Hengst Marielle , Barros Ana Isabel , van Gelder P H A J M 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This paper provides a comparison between four methodologies that assist criminal investigators in homicide investigations. The Person of Interest Priority Assessment Tool, Trace Investigate and Evaluate, Rasterfahndung, and Analysis of Competing Hypotheses are compared on their performance in the collection, prioritization, and elimination phase of homicide cases in today’s digital era. Three recent Dutch homicide cases are used. The use of categories during collection can assist criminal investigators in the early inclusion of the perpetrator into the investigation, however, in this digital era, the number of persons of interest becomes too large to humanly handle. All four methodologies use techniques to assign weight to pieces of evidence; further research is required to evaluate the effectiveness of these techniques when the amount of pieces of evidence explodes. The use of pre-set elimination categories shows the least promising result leaving most persons of interest not-eliminated by the currently used methodologies.
Monetary Policy Spillovers and Currency Networks in Cross-Border Bank Lending: Lessons from the 2013 Fed Taper Tantrum*
Authors: Avdjiev Stefan , Takáts Előd 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
We show that currency networks in cross-border bank lending have a significant impact on the size, distribution, and direction of international monetary policy spillovers. Utilizing a novel dataset, we map the major currency networks in international banking and show that the US dollar dominates at the global level. Next, we provide evidence that during the 2013 Fed taper tantrum, the degree of exposure to US dollar lending had a significant impact on cross-border bank lending growth. Most notably, it had a strong negative impact on cross-border flows to emerging markets.