bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multifaceted role of osmoprotectant glycine betaine to ameliorate Cd and As toxicity by modulation of growth and biochemical indices in wheat plants
Authors: kumar Sandeep , sharma Jyoti , Arya Sunder Singh , Ahlawat Anju , Ram Kirpa 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd) contamination is a pressing global issue spanning environmental, agricultural, and health domains, primarily due to their highly toxic and carcinogenic nature. Exposure of plants to Cd and As stress can induce numerous morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes. Glycine betaine (GB) plays a vital role in alleviating abiotic stresses by acting as a potent compatible solute. This study evaluated the effectiveness of GB (5 mM) treatment in wheat plants (HD2967 and HD3086) in mitigating the toxicity caused by Cd (1100 ppm) and As (225 ppm). Cd and As toxicity markedly suppressed growth parameters such as root-shoot length, plant biomass, and biochemical attributes (total protein and carbohydrate). It also decreases the germination rate and seed viability. Simultaneously, Cd and As stress conditions significantly elevated the concentrations of stress-specific parameters (phenol, MDA, and proline Content) in wheat plants. Conversely, the external application of GB alleviated the detrimental impacts of Cd and As stress by enhancing the growth characteristics, biomass, germination rate, and biochemical attributes. Additionally, GB treatment reduces the concentration of stress-specific parameters and suggests GB acts as a stress resilience. In conclusion, data revealed that applying GB can mitigate or lessen the toxic effects induced by Cd and As stress in both varieties, leading to positive modulation of plant growth performance and reduction of oxidative stress by reducing the concentration of the stress-specific biomarker. Thus, the current research suggests that GB application may benefit crops vulnerable to Cd and As toxicity by enhancing growth and biochemical attributes, ultimately resulting in yield.
Neither cholelithiasis nor cholecystectomy is causally associated with colorectal cancer: A univariate and multivariate mendelian randomization study
Authors: Qin Qiong , Zhou Yong , Ren Ao , Yang Ling-Xiang , Jiang Shi-Ming , Chen Yong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Epidemiological studies reported controversial results regarding the relationship between cholelithiasis, cholecystectomy and colorectal cancer (CRC). In the presence of reverse causality and confounding factors, findings of our previous retrospective study that it was gallbladder disease rather than cholecystectomy that was a risk factor for colorectal cancer was not sufficiently convincing. Therefore, we used Mendelian randomization (MR) to further explore the relationship between cholelithiasis or cholecystectomy and CRC.
Methods
We performed a univariate MR (UVMR) and multivariate MR (MVMR) analysis of 1,054,773 samples and 37,970,958 SNPs from three European genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to explore the causality of cholelithiasis, cholecystectomy and CRC. The forward analysis, with cholelithiasis or cholecystectomy as exposure and CRC as outcome, included UVMR and MVMR analysis. In UVMR, 21 and 30 independent SNPs strongly (P < 5*10− 8) associated with cholelithiasis on CRC and cholecystectomy on CRC were extracted as valid instrumental variables (IVs); in MVMR, 14 and 26 valid IVs were extracted, respectively. The inverse analysis, with CRC as exposure and cholelithiasis or cholecystectomy as outcome, only included MVMR. 9 and 7 IVs strongly associated with CRC on cholelithiasis and CRC on cholecystectomy were extracted, respectively. MR results were estimated using multiplicative random effects-inverse variance weighted (MRE-IVW), simple mode (SM), weighted median (WME), weighted mode (WMO) and MR-Egger regression methods, respectively. Sensitivity analysis was performed using heterogeneity test, pleiotropy test and leave-one-out test. MR results were presented using scatter plots, forest plots and funnel plots.
Results
In the forward analysis, neither UVMR nor MVMR analysis estimated by MRE-IVW revealed a causal relationship between cholelithiasis on CRC (OR = 1.0002, 95% CI = 0.999–1.001, P = 0.729 and OR = 1.0003, 95% CI = 0.998–1.003, P = 0.799, respectively) or between cholecystectomy on CRC (OR = 0.9917, 95% CI = 0.963–1.022, P = 0.582 and OR = 0.9897, 95% CI = 0.936–1.046, P = 0.715, respectively). In the inverse analysis, MRE-IVW estimates also revealed little evidence for a causal relationship between CRC on cholelithiasis (OR = 0.0504, 95% CI = 0.001–2.871, P = 0.147) or between CRC on cholecystectomy (OR = 0.9894, 95% CI = 0.792–1.236, P = 0.925). Results from other MR estimation methods were consistent with MRE-IVW. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability and reliability of results.
Conclusions
Our two-sample univariate and multivariate MR analysis revealed neither cholelithiasis nor cholecystectomy was causally associated with colorectal cancer.
Associations between Gut Microbiota and Microbial Metabolites in Adjuvant- induced Arthritis Rats with Moist Heat Arthralgia Spasm Syndrome
Authors: Sun Yehong , Gong Chunxia , Pan Lingyu , Jiang Hui , Chen Weidong , Wang Yongzhong 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune
disease. According to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndromes theory, moist
heat arthralgia spasm syndrome is the most prevalent syndrome of RA patients in the
active period. However, the mechanism of alteration of gut microbiota in RA with moist
heat arthralgia spasm syndrome has not been reported until now.

Objective:
This study focused on the alteration of gut microbiota in adjuvant-induced
arthritis rats with moist heat arthralgia spasm syndrome, elaborated its regulation
mechanism, and analyzed the associations between gut microbiota and microbial
metabolites.

Methods:
The disease-syndrome combination rat model of RA with moist heat
arthralgia spasm syndrome was constructed with Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis (AIA)
under damp-heat stimulating. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was
used to measure serum biochemical indicators. Damages of ankle joints were
observed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). 16 small ribosomal subunit RNA (16S
rRNA) gene sequencing was conducted to assess the gut microbiota composition and
function on feces from rats. Alterations in fecal metabolites profiling were evaluated by
fecal metabolomics through Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) and
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Pearson correlation analysis was
performed to explore the associations of altered gut microbiota and microbial
metabolites in Model rats.

Results:
The imbalance of gut microbiota in Model rats was accompanied by
metabolic disorders. Lactobacillus, Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group, Allobaculum,
Prevotellaceae_UCG_001, Alloprevotella, and Dubosiella were found to be dominant
genera in Model rats. In total, 357 metabolites were significantly altered in Model rats
and predominantly enriched into fatty acid degradation and glycerophospholipid
metabolism. Pearson correlation analysis showed that TNF-α and IL-1β were
associated with Prevotellaceae_Ga6A1_group and 3R-hydroxy-docosan-5S-olide,
alpha-N-(3-hydroxy-14-methyl-pentadecanoyl)-ornithine, 17-methyl-trans-4,5-
methylenenona-decanoic acid, Semiplenamide F.

Conclusion:
The key differential microbiota genera and differential microbial
metabolites may become important targets for the treatment of RA and provide the
theoretical basis for exploring the pathogenesis of RA.
Identifying Novel Inhibitors for Dengue NS2B-NS3 Protease by Combining Topological similarity, Molecular Dynamics, MMGBSA and SiteMap
Analysis
Authors: Murtuja Sheikh , Siddique Mohd Usman Mohd , Srivastava Kumar Pratyush , Agarwal Yogeeta O. , Wagh Sakshi , Yasmin Sabina , Ansari Azim , Shaikh Mohd Sayeed , Hasnain Md Saquib , Goyal Sameer N. 
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
DENV NS2B-NS3 protease inhibitors were designed based upon the
reference molecule, 4-(1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)-N-(4-ethylphenyl) benzenesulfonamide, reported
by our team with the aim to optimize lead compound via rational approach. Top five best
scoring molecules with zinc ids ZINC23504872, ZINC48412318, ZINC00413269,
ZINC13998032 and ZINC75249613 bearing ‘pyrimidin-4(3H)-one’ basic scaffold have been
identified as a promising candidate against DENV protease enzyme.

Methods:
The shape and electrostatic complementary between identified HITs and reference
molecules were found to be Tanimotoshape 0.453, 0.690, 0.680, 0.685 & 0.672 respectively and
Tanimotoelectrostatic 0.211, 0.211, 0.441, 0.442, 0.442 and 0.442 respectively. The molecular
docking studies suggested that the identified HITs displayed the good interactions with active
site residues and lower binding energies. The stability of docked complexes was assessed by
MD simulations studies. The RMSD values of protein backbone (1.6779, 3.1563, 3.3634,
3.3893 & 3.0960 Å) and protein backbone RMSF values (1.0126, 1.0834, 1.0890, 0.9974 &
1.0080 Å respectively) for all top five HITs were stable and molecules did not fluctuate from
the active pocket during entire 100ns MD run.

Results:
The druggability Dscore below 1 indicate the tightly binding of ligand at the active
site. Dscore for ZINC23504872 was found to be 1.084 while for the second class of compounds
ZINC48412318, ZINC00413269, ZINC13998032 and ZINC75249613, 0.503, 0.484, 0.487
and 0.501 Dscores were observed. In-silico ADMET calculations suggested that all five
HITs were possessed the drug likeliness properties and did not violate the Lipinski’s rule
of five.

Conclusion:
Summing up, these in-silico generated data suggested that the identified molecules
bearing pyrimidin-4(3H)-one would be promising scaffold for DENV protease inhibitors.
However, experimental results are needed to prove the obtained results.
Investigation of Lead, Nickel, and Cadmium Levels in Urine Samples of Healthy and Patients with Kidney Failure in Al-muthanna Governorate, Iraq
Authors: Oudah Falah N. , Al-Hamzawi Anees A. 
Published: October 2024

Background:
The Iraqi ecosystem, particularly in the southern area, has been polluted
due to human activity. Analyzing biological materials is the most common method for detecting the
presence of toxic substances in the human body.

Method:
Heavy metal levels of Pb, Ni, and Cd in urine specimens collected from individuals with
renal failure and healthy individuals residing in Al-Muthanna province were measured by using
atomic absorption spectroscopy. Urine Specimens were collected from two cohorts of male and female
participants: the group of individuals with renal failure and the group of individuals who are in
good condition. The specimens of urine from both the group of patients with renal failure and the
group of healthy individuals were taken from the Al-Muthanna governorate in southern Iraq. This
governorate served as a focal point for extensive military operations throughout the Gulf War.

Results:
The concentrations of toxic substances (Pb, Ni, and Cd) in the urine specimens of the cohort
of patients suffering from renal failure are 0.411, 0.197, and 0.113 mg/l, respectively.
Concentrations of (Pb, Ni, and Cd) in the healthy group are 0.249, 0.101, and 0.0294 mg/l, respectively.
The toxic metals found in urine samples can be organized in the following order: Pb > Ni
> Cd.

Conclusion:
The findings indicated that the concentrations of toxic substances in specimens of urine
from individuals with renal failure are considerably greater than those in the control group of healthy
individuals. According to the findings, patients' incidence of renal failure may be related to the prevalence
of harmful compounds in southern Iraq.
Ameliorative Potential of Menstrual Blood-derived Endometrial Stem Cells in Alcohol-Induced Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Jiang Yan , Huo Qingyang , Gao Jingwen , Kou Beilin , Mohd Yusoff Narazah , Jairaj Moses Emmanuel , Lin Juntang 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Alcohol-induced fatty liver disease (AFLD) begins with steatosis and
may progress to a range of pathological liver changes, including fibrosis, cirrhosis, and complications.
Menstrual blood-derived endometrial stem cells (MenSCs) have shown potential therapeutic
effects against various types of liver damage. However, the liver-protective effects of MenSCs
in AFLD are not well understood. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of MenSCs
on AFLD progression.

Methods:
MenSCs were sourced from women in good health (N=5, 25-34 years old). Male
C57BL/6 mice were separated into three distinct groups to establish the mouse models. The AH/-
MenSCs group received MenSCs (5×105 cells/mouse) transplantation through tail injection on the
7th and 13th days following the initiation of the alcohol-induced fatty liver model. The therapeutic
effects of MenSCs transplantation in AFLD mouse models were subsequently explored using
qPCR, Western blotting, histopathological examination, and mRNA sequencing analysis.

Results:
MenSCs significantly improved liver function and reduced lipid accumulation in AFLD.
Treatment with MenSCs was also found to reduce the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines
and profibrotic markers in the liver tissues of the mouse model. Additionally, the MenSCs-
treated group demonstrated a significant reduction in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and
oxidative stress, along with an increase in autophagic activity.

Conclusion:
The findings provided preliminary evidence of the multifaced protective effects of
MenSCs in AFLD.
Ketogenic Diet and Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases: A Bibliometric Study and Visualization Analysis
Authors: Zhang Xinwei , Jiang Yanfei , Cai Tiantian , Huang Zhaowei , Wu Yuqing , Zhang Jinan 
Published: October 2024

Background:
The ketogenic diet, known for its high-fat, low-carbohydrate composition,
has been extensively studied in endocrine and metabolic diseases. This study carried out bibliometric
analysis to examine the research trends in this field over the past 20 years, aiming to
provide insights for future studies.

Methods:
We searched the Web of Science Core Collection for all relevant papers. VOSviewer
was used for network visualization, the bibliometrix package of R software (version 4.3.0) was utilized
for data analysis, and CiteSpace was employed for mapping and trend analysis.

Results:
This study encompassed 508 relevant articles spanning from 2003 to 2023, authored by
2827 researchers from 887 institutions across 57 countries/regions. The total number of publications
increased from 3 in 2003 to 508 in 2023, showing a steady growth trend. The United States
emerged as the predominant contributor in this field, followed by Italy and China. Notably, SAJOUX
I consistently exhibited high activity in this field, according to the analysis, with an h-index
of 13. The journal Nutrients has consistently made substantial contributions to this field, accounting
for 19% of all publications. The keywords “obesity,” “ketogenic diet,” and “weight loss” appeared
most frequently, with “obesity” occurring 163 times.

Conclusion:
This study used a bibliometric method to analyze the impact of the ketogenic diet on
the endocrine metabolic system. The research identifies recent frontiers and trending directions,
providing valuable references for scholars in this field
A Real-Life Laboratory Setting for Clinical Practice, Education, and Research in Family Systems Care: Protocol for a Transformational Action Research Study
Authors: Huber Evelyn , Harju Erika , Stark Elisabeth , Fringer André , Preusse-Bleuler Barbara 
Published: October 2024

Background
Burdening health and illness issues such as physical or mental illnesses, accidents, disabilities, and life events such as birth or death influence the health and functioning of families and contribute to the complexity of care and health care costs. Considerable research has confirmed the benefits of a family systems–centered care approach for patients, family caregivers, families, and health care professionals. However, health care professionals face barriers in working with families, such as feeling unprepared. Family systems–centered therapeutic conversations support families’ day-to-day coping, resilience, and health. A family systems care unit (FSCU) was recently established as a real-life laboratory at one of the Swiss Universities of Applied Sciences. In this unit, health care professionals offer therapeutic conversations to families and individual family members to support daily symptom management and functioning, soften suffering, and increase health and well-being. These conversations are observed in real time through a 1-way window by other health care professionals, students, and trainees and are recorded with video for research and education. Little is known about how therapeutic conversations contribute to meaningful changes in burdened families and the benefits of vicarious learning in a real-life laboratory setting for family systems care.

Objective
In this research program, we aim to deepen our understanding of how therapeutic conversations support families and individuals experiencing burdening health and illness issues and how the FSCU laboratory setting supports the learning of students, clinical trainees, and health care professionals.

Methods
Here we apply a transformational action research design, including parallel and subsequent substudies, to advance knowledge and practice in family systems care. Qualitative multiple-case study designs will be used to explore the benefits of therapeutic conversations by analyzing recordings of the therapeutic conversations. The learning processes of students, trainees, and professionals will be investigated with descriptive qualitative study designs based on single and focus group interviews. The data will be analyzed with established coding methods.

Results
Therapeutic conversations have been investigated in 3 single-case studies, each involving a sequence of 3 therapeutic conversation units. Data collection regarding the second research question is planned.

Conclusions
Preliminary results confirm the therapeutic conversations to support families’ coping. This renders the FSCU a setting for ethically sensitive research. This program will not only support the health and well-being of families, but also contribute to relieving the financial and workforce burdens in the health and social care system.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/53090
An Online Tailored COVID-19 Vaccination Decision Aid for Dutch Citizens: Development, Dissemination, and Use
Authors: Preuhs Katharina , Bussink-Voorend Daphne , van Keulen Hilde M , Wildeman Ilona , Hautvast Jeannine , Hulscher Marlies , van Empelen Pepijn 
Published: October 2024

Background
Since December 2019, COVID-19 led to a pandemic causing many hospitalizations and deaths. Vaccinations were developed and introduced to control viral transmission. In the Dutch context, the decision to accept vaccination is not mandatory. An informed decision is based on sufficient and reliable information, in line with one’s attitudes and values, and with consideration of pros and cons. To support people in informed decision-making, we developed an online COVID-19 vaccination decision aid (DA).

Objective
This article aims to describe the development, dissemination, and use of the DA.

Methods
Building on a previously developed DA, the COVID-19 vaccination DA was developed in 3 phases following a user-centered design approach: (1) definition phase, (2) concept testing, and (3) prototype testing. End users, individuals with low literacy, and experts (with relevant expertise on medical, behavioral, and low literacy aspects) were involved in the iterative development, design, and testing, with their feedback forming the basis for adaptations to the DA.

Results
The DA was developed within 14 weeks. The DA consists of 3 modules, namely, Provide Information, Support Decision-Making, and Facilitate Actions Following a Decision. These modules are translated into various information tiles and diverse functionalities such as a knowledge test, a value clarification tool using a decisional balance, and a communication tool. The DA was disseminated for use in May 2021. Users varied greatly regarding age, gender, and location in the Netherlands.

Conclusions
This paper elaborates on the development of the COVID-19 vaccination DA in a brief period and its dissemination for use among Dutch adults in the Netherlands. The evaluation of use showed that we were able to reach a large proportion and variety of people throughout the Netherlands.
Rekommendationer för öppen utbildning
Authors: AVOTT Avoimen tieteen koordinaatio 
Published: October 2024

I inledningen till Policyn för öppen utbildning och öppna lärresurser nämns nationella rekommendationer för att precisera detaljer i policyn. Rekommendationerna ska hjälpa organisationerna att genomföra åtgärderna i policyn och ge lärare och andra utbildningsanordnare goda tips för att främja öppen utbildning och utnyttja och utarbeta öppna lärresurser.
Determination of Static Flow Characteristics of A Prototypical Differential Valve Using Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Kisiel Marcin , Szpica Dariusz 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The paper describes the numerical calculations of a conceptual air brake valve of a trailer equipped with a differential section, which is intended to shorten response time and braking distance. The static flow characteristics have been determined using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Mixed (global and local) computational meshes were used in the paper to determine the static flow characteristics of the valve sections. The use of the local mesh was relevant for valve openings smaller than 0.5mm. Using CFD, it was possible to determine the static flow characteristics of the main, auxiliary feed and the differential sections, which were linear, degressive and progressive depending on the section. The analyzes, which have not yet been described in the literature, showed a significant difference in the MFR of the additional and main feed tracts, which reached 52.29%.The results are applicable to the configuration of the braking system. Further research will include performing dynamic simulations using dedicated software and building a test rig to validate the CFD calculation results.
The Construction of Analytical Exact Soliton Waves of Kuralay Equation
Authors: Faridi Waqas Ali , Bakar Muhammad Abu , Myrzakulova Zhaidary , Myrzakulov Ratbay , Elamin Mawahib , Ragoub Lakhdar , Akinyemi Lanre 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The primary objective of this work is to examine the Kuralay equation, which is a complex integrable coupled system, in order to investigate the integrable motion of induced curves. The soliton solutions derived from the Kuralay equation are thought to be the supremacy study of numerous significant phenomena and extensive applications across a wide range of domains, including optical fibres, nonlinear optics and ferromagnetic materials. The inverse scattering transform is unable to resolve the Cauchy problem for this equation, so the analytical method is used to produce exact travelling wave solutions. The modified auxiliary equation and Sardar sub-equation approaches are used to find solitary wave solutions. As a result, singular, mixed singular, periodic, mixed trigonometric, complex combo, trigonometric, mixed hyperbolic, plane and combined bright–dark soliton solution can be obtained. The derived solutions are graphically displayed in 2-D and 3-D glances to demonstrate how the fitting values of the system parameters can be used to predict the behavioural responses to pulse propagation. This study also provides a rich platform for further investigation.