bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of stakeholder management and communications management in choosing of the best product achieve quality by Analytic Hierarchy Process method
Authors: AL-Saedi Alaa , Pasławski Jerzy 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This article investigate an analytical study of the stakeholder management and the communications management of Ready Mix Concrete, its importance and the role to identify, plan, management, engagement and control engagement in process of production to make decision about the best product achieve quality through the Analytic Hierarchy Process method (AHP) to compare criteria and variances pairwise comparison to choose best product meet with the requirements of quality management. The choice (best product) will determine the quality of actions that we can take without losses of costs for development of other products that can consume the time, effort and cost to correct or update its progress in the production process. Our choice of a product that reduces costs will help us to determine the tests and inspections that can achieve and have the most impact on quality (control and assurance). The Stakeholder management and communications management help us to determine criteria and variances as well as management. The author uses Expert Choice software for submitting goals, criteria, pairwise comparison of criteria and as well as submitting of alternatives. Moreover, the study of information base on the matrices of pairwise comparison to the alternatives with respect to cost, meet with standards, experience of functional manager, the reliability of engineering system, quality of human resources, safety and the analysis of the results based on sensitivity criterion, performance sensitivity, dimensional sensitivity, dynamic sensitivity, and the opinion of the experts, the best product achieve quality is Ready Mix Concrete more than other main products.
Urban Transport and Growth: Dynamic Indicators in Diwaniyah City
Authors: Baydaa Abdul Hussein B. , Alwan Kareem Hassan , Fleeh Moheeb Kamel 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This research takes one of the important aspects that expose with cities in general and specially Diwaniyah city, this aspect is urban transportation and growth.
The Dynamic is an urban phenomenon exposed to the urban system exposed by external and internal factors, are shown through the manifestations of urban growth of the relations and properties of element of urban system. The dynamic indicator that designed to study the spatial examine the spatial time-based relationship for the transport system and the urban growth that doing in Diwaniyah city and quantify dynamic of urban growth and transportation.
The indicators that consuming to measuring besides analyzing the urban dynamic for the transport system and their effective on the urban growth. Using dynamic indicators is the analysis of the change in transport system and its effect effective on urban growth. The indicators that using to measuring and analyzing the urban dynamic for the transport system and effective on urban growth. Using dynamic indicators is the analysis of the change in the transport system and its effect effective on urban growth. These indicators are dynamic addressing and behavioral indicators of form and structure of the excited and reactive and move by the power of this tested for the study area and of the indicators of the urban transport and integrates the density of roads and ease of access, location and interdependence of transportation and growth indicators in economic, social, political, environmental, and dealer dynamic and their inputs and access to the city’s status of understanding the relationship of spatial and temporal scales between the transport and take her to the city with all systems urban this What continue to you our research in the leadership dynamic of the relationship and orientation of the damaging and positive consequences on the city.
This research has been reaching to the fact that the urban transport is affecting on the growth and distributions of the urban land use from a group of spatial relations represented in this take to increase the competition between the uses, values, types, positions, destinations, and finally the inside value motion. The research found that the Iraqi reigns in Iraq has changed its place and (the spatial behavior) of every 5.4 times during the time period studied. And reached the mouth of the how to change the cities spatially and temporally by the access relations and interactive between the transport and the dealer all of them on the other this many the goal of our research.
Fuzzy logic model analysis of shear force in aluminium / polyethylene lap joined by hot press
Authors: Saad Mursal Luaibi , Sar Mohammed Helan , Barrak Osamah Sabah , Hussein Sabah Khammass , Hussein Abbas Khammass 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Fuzzy logic is an optimization technique used to predict the behaviour of any problem. Polyethylene (PE) sheet of thickness 3 mm was joined by means of hot press method with aluminium (Al) of thickness 1mm using lap join type. The inside surface of aluminium in the lap joint region was anodized to increase the size of surface pores and mechanical interlock between the melted polymers in the pores of anodized surface of aluminium. The anodizing process was performed by a solution of 15%wt. sulphuric acid with deionized water. The anodizing current density and time were 200A/m2 and 60 min. respectively. The hot press process parameters were; temperature: 115, 125, 135 and 145 °C, pressure: 2, 4, 6, and 8 bar and the pressing time: 1, 2, 3 and 4 min. The hot press method was successfully joined the anodized Al with PE sheet. Shear tensile test was used to estimate the shear strength of lap join. These data are optimized using a fuzzy logic concept which gives a good indication about the effect of input process parameters on the shear of joints. Increasing the applied pressure, decreasing the pressing time and increasing the temperature up to 80 °C resulted in increasing the maximum shear force of joint.
Investigation of Deformation Mechanism and Failure Mode in Two Point Incremental Sheet Forming
Authors: Maan Harith Yarub 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this work, the deformation of material and fracture mechanism during the incremental sheet forming process experimentally investigated. The mechanism of deformation is dependent on the process parameters. The present work experimentally explains how the tool radius, step size, and feed rate affect the failure mode during two-point incremental sheet forming. Experimental work achieved to examine the failure modes and analyses the reasons. The deformation of the material in two-point incremental sheet forming is a compound of stretching, shearing, squeezing and bending of material through a deformation zone. The experimental plan based on eighteen experiments cover all the conditions leading to the appearance of failure. The results showed an increasing tool radius and step size the behaviour of failure changes from crack without previous necking to crack with necking. The result showed four types of failure that were found during the TPIF process and identify the factors that lead to their appearance.
Effect of Mechanical Surface Treatments on Impact Strength for Low Carbon Steel AISI 1020
Authors: Ebraheem Ahmed Abdullah , Fairouz Layth Kailan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Objective of this paper is to study the influence of some mechanical surface treatments on impact strength stress for low carbon steel AISI 1020 AISI. Several specimens were subjected or encountered to for impact test were equipped agreeing to ASTM E23 and then were encounter to surface treatment Such as shot peening which was implemented on some specimens using steel balls having diameter of 1.25mm and hardness = 55HRC for (10,20,30) min. Some another’s specimens were treated with using laser peening pulse in notch zone of impact specimen at (5,10,15) laser CO2 pulse. and Plasma also used for surface treatment of impact specimens by using plasma beam for 2,5,10 sec. The results showed that the mechanical surface treatment contributed in improvements of toughness fracture for low carbon steel comparing with base metal. It was found that when increasing shot peening time finding decreasing in the impact strength decreased impact stress because of increase in hardness which generating from heat shot which generated residual stress and the best time was 10 min. and laser pulses and plasma beam were in contributed in increasing impact strength stress for the same reason above and the number of 5 pulse give gave the best result and also the plasma for 5 sec.
Numerical Study for Vibration Analysis of Hole Flanged Rectangular Plate
Authors: Nama Sami Ali , Khazaa Sulaiman M. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Plates with flange are used in many engineering structures such as aircrafts, ships, and mechanical devices. In this paper, a numerical study for the vibration analysis of fully clamped rectangular Al-1100 alloy plates with different flange angles and different flange inner diameters was worked out. SolidWorks 2014 Simulation add-in was used to perform the analysis. It was found that increasing the flange angle and flange inner diameter increases the fundamental frequency and decreases the flange thickness. Adding the flange can increase the fundamental frequency up to (27%).
Characterization of Diffusion Bonding of Stainless Steel AISI 316 and Pure Titanium sheets Using Copper Interlayer
Authors: Akbar Akbar Ahmed Ali , Mahdi Bahaa Sami , Aluwi Adnan Jumaa 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The present work is focused on diffusion bonding between pure titanium and austenitic stainless steel( AISI 316) using interlayer of pure copper foil in vacuum atmosphere of ( 1.5 x10-5 mbr.) at different temperatures (850,900,950 and 990) Co for diffusion times of (20,30,40,50 and 60 min.) under different pressures (1.5,2,3 and 4) Mpa. Many tests and inspections: tensile shear and microhardness tests, also SEM EDS and X-ray diffraction techniques were utilized to characterize the bonded joints. Tensile shear test results showed that the maximum shear strength of diffusion bonded joints was (96.34) MPa at 950°C, pressure 3Mpa and 50 min. with an efficiency of joint (75%) and maximum diffusion depth of (88 µm) The maximum micro hardness of (338.6 Hv )was obtained in the copper interlayer metal compared with the base metals(stainless steel and titanium) due to formations of brittle intermetallic compounds. The EDS and XRD analysis results confirmed the formation of different intermetallic compounds [FeTi, ( Cu + Ti37Cu63Fex ), TiCu, Ti2Cu, Ti3Cu4,]. The surface fracture topography showed that fracture is located at the bright brittle intermetallic compound phase(Ti3Cu4) which was 85% of the fractured area and 15% was at the (Ti2Cu)dark region.
Entropy generation and natural convection in a wavy-wall cavity filled with a nanofluid and containing an inner solid cylinder
Authors: Alnajem Mohammed Hussein S. , Alsabery Ammar I. , Hashim Ishak 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This work investigates the problem of entropy generation and natural convection in a wavy-wall cavity filled with a nanofluid and containing solid inner cylinder using the Galerkin finite-element method. An isothermal heat source fixed at the left vertical wall of the cavity and the horizontal walls have taken adiabatic, while the right wavy wall cooled isothermally. An Al2O3-water nanofluid fills the space between the wavy-wall cavity and the solid cylinder. To study this problem, the influence of three variables have taken into account. These variables are Rayleigh number (103 ≤ Ra ≤ 106), nanoparticle volume fraction (0 ≤ φ ≤ 0.04), and the number of undulations (1≤ N ≤ 4). The numerical results can be in the forms of streamlines, isotherms and local entropy generation as well as the average Nusselt number. The obtained results indicate that the effect of the nanoparticles addition on the heat transfer rate is essential for low Rayleigh number and number of undulations.
Improvement the Corrosion Resistance of Aluminum Bronze Alloy (Cu-7.7wt%Al) Reinforced by Al2O3 and TiO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Ajeel Sami A. , Yaseen Rabiha S. , Keqal Asaad 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This work involves study of corrosion behavior of Aluminum bronze alloy (Cu-7.7wt%Al) reinforced by both nanoparticles of Al2O3 and TiO2 with different percentage (0.6, 1.1, 1.5 and 3 weight percent). Composite materials are prepared by stir casting method with mechanical stirring and magnetic field from induction furnace that used in this work. The copper base alloy reinforced samples were tested to investigate corrosion behavior, by using Tafel extrapolation technique. The Scanning Electron Microscope was used to study the effect of Al2O3 and TiO2 nanoparticles on the topography of surfaces. The results showed that the microstructure of reinforced alloy is composed of a fine dendritic structure of α Cu phase and CuAl2 as intermetallic compound. The samples reinforced with 3wt% of Al2O3 and TiO2 have a lower corrosion rate compared to nano-composites reinforced with 1.5wt% of Al2O3 and TiO2. While the nano-composites reinforced with 1.5wt% of Al2O3 and TiO2 has lower corrosion rate compared to the Cu-Al matrix in 3.5%NaCl solution at ambient temperature.
Evaluation of diesel engine performance with high blended diesel-biodiesel fuel from waste cooking oil
Authors: Ali Obed M. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The production of fossil fuel reaches its peak during the current decade. Unfortunately, the reserves of this fuel are depleting with time and limited to certain regions of the world which alarm for a series energy crisis in the future. Furthermore, the world starts to face the problem of global warming which increases rapidly and needs to be controlled.Waste cooking oil is one of the domestic available sources is the waste cooking oil. This source can represent a viable source in different countries which is free of cost. In this study, investigation of using a high blend of waste cooking oil biodiesel-diesel fuel is conducted in term of fuel property and engine performance. The results revealthat diesel fuel has the lower viscosity which is lower than that of WCOB by about 34%. However, this difference is converged with blended fuel B30 to about 9%. Furthermore, diesel fuel has higher heating value than WCOB by about 18%. However, this difference is converged with blended fuel B30 to about 4%.The maximum engine brake thermal efficiency observed with blended fuel B30 over the whole engine speed compared to mineral diesel and pure biodiesel. Accordingly, it can be suggested as a high blended fuel for diesel engine.
Numerical stress analysis in adhesive joints under thermo-mechanical load using model with special boundary conditions
Authors: Al-Ramahi Nawres J. , Joffe Roberts , Varna Janis 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A numerical study of the adhesivejoint made of similar and dissimilar adherends subjected to thermo-mechanical loading is presented. A comprehensive numerical model was used for this purpose with the novel displacement coupling conditions which are able to correctly represent monoclinic materials (off-axis layers of composite laminates). The geometrical nonlinearity as well as nonlinear material model are also taken into account. Three different types of single-lap and double-lap adhesive joints are considered in this study: a) metal-metal; b) composite-composite; c) composite-metal. In case of composite laminates, four lay-ups are evaluated: uni-directional ([08]T and [908]T) and quasi-isotropic laminates ([0/45/90/-45]S and [90/45/0/-45]S). This paper focuses on the parameters which have the majoreffect on the peel and shear stress distribution within adhesive layer at the overlap ends. The comparison of behaviour of single-and double-lap joints in relation to these parameters is made. The master curves for maximum stress (peel and shear) at the ends of the overlap with respect to the bending stiffness and axial modulus of the adherends are constructed by analysing stress distributions in the middle of the adhesive.The main conclusions of this paper are: the maximum peel stress value for SLJ is reduced with increase of the adherend bending stiffness and for DLJ,similar behaviour was observed at the end next to the inner plate corner, while, at the end next to the outer plate corner peel stress is reduced with increase of adherend axial modulus.
Improving of Maximum Power Point Tracking for Photovoltaic Systems Based on Swarm Optimization Techniques
Authors: Miry Abbas Hussien , Mary Ali Hussien , Miry Mohammed Hussein 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The photovoltaic system considers one of the important renewable sources of energy that using solar cell. Limitation and crisis of other energy resource make the photovoltaic system is growing. This motivated the researchers to improve and maximize renewable energy sources effectiveness. The optimal operating point is located in the PV voltage curve of the solar cell which is called Maximum Power Point (MPP). This point changes in nonlinear form with varying of solar incandescence, temperature and solar cell properties. Recently more methods are developed to get optimal value of MPPT and one of these methods is the Extremum-Seeking Control (ESC) which is based on filter operation. In this paper different optimization methods are presented such as Genetic Algorithm (GA), Grey Wof Optimizer (GWO) and Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO). They are used as a tuning tool for ESC controller parameters to improve the MPPT performance. All methods are tested in the MATLAB environment, the result shows that the effectiveness of swarm optimization, especially GWO in term the efficiency and speed of converging.
Step Voltage Regulator and Capacitor Placement to Improve the Performance of Rural Electrical Distribution Systems by CYME Program
Authors: Hamza A K , Bonneya M F 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
There are several techniques used to ensure acceptable values for voltage, reduce energy loss in distribution systems and power factor improvement. In this research, techniques of capacitors placement and the automatic voltage regulator have been used to improve the distribution sys-tems performance and to ensure good serve to all consumers. Where, each technique has been ap-plied in individual case. The proposed tool is CYME 7.1 software which has been applied on a re-alistic distribution system for the Abu Ghraib region. This region is supplied with electric power through the AL Zaitoon secondary station, which is located within the Iraqi distribution network. All results for both cases were recorded in different tables and compared to each other to find the appropriate technique for realistic distribution system for its current status.
Direct Use of Solar PV System Generation with Minimum Batteries Capacity
Authors: Radhi Muayad Hasan , Mahdi Emad Jaleel , Hussein Dhia Jalil 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The aim of this work is to present of a specialist design of solar PV system to provide load at (8a.m. to 2p.m.) as daily energy consumption, by expanding in solar panels numbers with reducing battery numbers, consider the cost of batteries proportionally to solar panels cost. The specialist design depended on load consumption (6) hours between (8 a.m. – 2 p.m.) at sunshine day to supply power to load directly from the PV system generation with little contribution battery energy. The results show specialist design can be useful for this situation of covering load consumption in (6 hours) band benefit to used PV system to reduce the solar PV systems cost, was the performance analysis of this system from April to October.
A new approach of Mho distance relay for Transmission line protection
Authors: Ahmed Abdullah Hamed , Sultan Ahmed Jasim 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The protection of transmission line is one of the important requirements of the modern power system network to protect the equipment and persons work on it. distance relay is one of the relays used to protect the transmission line where the input to the fuzzy based distance relay are the resistance and reactance of transmission line from relay to the fault location. These were calculated from the measured voltage and current. Mho type distance relay is proposed by using fuzzy logic methodology to protect the transmission line and to defeat under and over-reach problems. MATLAB-Simulink is used to model the relay and the test network, where the fault type is detected and four zones of fault location are provided, the trip signal is delayed according to the zone number. Also the (R-JX) plain is used to show the zone of fault in a simplified manner.
A modified Smart Controlling and Monitoring Scheme of Three Phase Photovoltaic Inverter rely on LoRa Technology
Authors: Chisab Raad Farhood , Ali Marwah Thamer , Mnati Mohannad Jabbar , Van den Bossche Alex 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Photovoltaics is the core of the greatest current system that using solar energy and it is regarded as the basic of sustainable engineering techniques. It is the method of exchanging daylight straightly to electricity power. The LoRa communication technology is a far-range, economic-power, small rate of bit technology. It is sponsored as a basic settling for the Internet of Things (IOT). This technology is applied where equipment is battery-feed with narrow bandwidth was required. In this manuscript, a novel method that depends on the LoRa technology is considered to observes and governs the power generated from a three-phase Photovoltaics inverter scheme that fed to grid directly. This scheme is designed with dual parts. The first one is for evaluating and control invertor part. This part attaches straight through the inverter to recognize the working of the inverter by changing the state of inverter from far spaces. The second part which is uses the liquid crystal display and a smart-phone observing application. The phone program is prepared using MIT App Inventor to observe and govern the entire scheme. The results show that this system is robust against the circumstances around the system and gives accurate results with minimum error when using in urban lands. The benefit of this system is to monitor and control the photovoltaic system located in remote place without need of attend to generating place.
The Use of Nanocomposite Au / Fe2H2O4 –GO Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance to Detect Toxic Arsenic(V) in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Al – Rekabi Sura H. , Al - Wahib Ali , Sharba Mohaiman J. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this study, the Au / Fe2H2O4-GO films are shown to improve the optical sensors based on the plasmon resonance technique, through the modification of the sensor chip with gold film (48.3nm) for the detection of toxic heavy metal Arsenic (V) in solution, the concentrations of ions in the parts per billion range. Mat lab software employing Fresnel formula for a layer system was used in data analysis. The sensor ranged linearly from 1 to 10 ppb. The SPR curves for the Au / Fe2H2O4-GO with different percentages of graphene oxide GO to Fe2H2O4 (1:10 % (v/v)) respectively were attached separately the prism. The results show that when the films with 3% GO which can be observed as the optimum percentage enhancement of sensitivity for detecting ions from 0.0773°ppb−1 for Au/Fe2H2O4 to 0.2509° ppb−1 for Au / Fe2H2O4-GO. With a limit of detection 0.6 μg/L fulfills the detection requirement below the 10 and 5μg/L contaminant levels of Arsenic as suggested by World Health Organization (WHO) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The analytical method was verified by linearity, detection limits, precision, accuracy, and recovery experiments, achieved acceptable results in all states.