bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leukocyte telomere length and diet in the apparently healthy, middle-aged Asklepios population
Authors: De Meyer Tim , Bekaert Sofie , De Buyzere Marc L. , De Bacquer Dirk D. , Langlois Michel R. , Shivappa Nitin , Hébert James R. , Gillebert Thierry C. , Rietzschel Ernst R. , Huybrechts Inge 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTelomere length is a prognostic biomarker for aging diseases. As it is unknown whether diet plays a role in these associations, we aimed to assess the impact of diet on telomere length. Moreover, given that telomere length is modulated by oxidative stress and inflammation, an additional goal was to evaluate whether the latter may mediate possible telomere – diet associations. Southern blot measured leukocyte telomere length and food frequency questionnaire data were compared for 2509 apparently healthy men and women (~35 to 55 years) from the Asklepios population. No significant associations were found between telomere length and overall dietary characteristics, such as dietary diversity, quality, equilibrium, and the dietary inflammatory index. Exploratory analysis of individual dietary variables revealed that a higher daily intake of deep fried potato products was associated with shorter telomeres (P = 0.002, 151 bp per 100 g/day), also in both sexes separately. Deep fried potato product consumption was also significantly associated with C-reactive protein (P = 0.032) and uric acid (P = 0.042), but not other inflammation and oxidative stress markers. These results suggest an at most limited association between overall dietary patterns and telomere length in the general population. Nevertheless, the association between telomere length and deep fried potato product intake warrants additional research.
Predictability of Arctic sea ice on weather time scales
Authors: Mohammadi-Aragh M. , Goessling H. F. , Losch M. , Hutter N. , Jung T. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe field of Arctic sea ice prediction on “weather time scales” is still in its infancy with little existing understanding of the limits of predictability. This is especially true for sea ice deformation along so-called Linear Kinematic Features (LKFs) including leads that are relevant for marine operations. Here the potential predictability of the sea ice pack in the wintertime Arctic up to ten days ahead is determined, exploiting the fact that sea ice-ocean models start to show skill at representing sea ice deformation at high spatial resolutions. Results are based on ensemble simulations with a high-resolution sea ice-ocean model driven by atmospheric ensemble forecasts. The predictability of LKFs as measured by different metrics drops quickly, with predictability being almost completely lost after 4–8 days. In contrast, quantities such as sea ice concentration or the location of the ice edge retain high levels of predictability throughout the full 10-day forecast period. It is argued that the rapid error growth for LKFs is mainly due to the chaotic behaviour of the atmosphere associated with the low predictability of near surface wind divergence and vorticity; initial condition uncertainty for ice thickness is found to be of minor importance as long as LKFs are initialized at the right locations.
Dynamic Metasurface Aperture as Smart Around-the-Corner Motion Detector
Authors: del Hougne Philipp , F. Imani Mohammadreza , Sleasman Timothy , Gollub Jonah N. , Fink Mathias , Lerosey Geoffroy , Smith David R. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDetecting and analysing motion is a key feature ofSmart Homesand the connected sensor vision they embrace. At present, most motion sensors operate in line-of-sight Doppler shift schemes. Here, we propose an alternative approach suitable for indoor environments, which effectively constitute disordered cavities for radio frequency (RF) waves; we exploit the fundamental sensitivity of modes of such cavities to perturbations, caused here by moving objects. We establish experimentally three key features of our proposed system: (i) ability to capture the temporal variations of motion and discern information such as periodicity (“smart”), (ii) non line-of-sight motion detection, and (iii) single-frequency operation. Moreover, we explain theoretically and demonstrate experimentally that the use of dynamic metasurface apertures can substantially enhance the performance of RF motion detection. Potential applications include accurately detecting human presence and monitoring inhabitants’ vital signs.
Dirac cone intensity asymmetry and surface magnetic field in V-doped and pristine topological insulators generated by synchrotron and laser radiation
Authors: Shikin A. M. , Rybkina A. A. , Estyunin D. A. , Sostina D. M. , Klimovskikh I. I. , Voroshnin V. Yu. , Rybkin A. G. , Kokh K. A. , Tereshchenko O. E. , Petaccia L. , Di Santo G. , Kimura A. , Skirdkov P. N. , Zvezdin K. A. , Zvezdin A. K. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractEffect of magnetization generated by synchrotron or laser radiation in magnetically-doped and pristine topological insulators (TIs) is presented and analyzed using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. It was found that non-equal photoexcitation of the Dirac cone (DC) states with opposite momenta and spin orientation indicated by the asymmetry in photoemission intensity of the DC states is accompanied by the k||-shift of the DC states relative to the non-spin-polarized conduction band states located at k|| = 0. We relate the observed k||-shift to the induced surface in-plane magnetic field and corresponding magnetization due to the spin accumulation. The direction of the DC k||-shift and its value are changed with photon energy in correlation with variation of the sign and magnitude of the DC states intensity asymmetry. The theoretical estimations describe well the effect and predict the DC k||-shift values which corroborate the experimental observations. This finding opens new perspectives for effective local magnetization manipulation.
Development of a 3D seed morphological tool for grapevine variety identification, and its comparison with SSR analysis
Authors: Karasik Avshalom , Rahimi Oshrit , David Michal , Weiss Ehud , Drori Elyashiv 
Published: April 2018

AbstractGrapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of the classical fruits of the Old World. Among the thousands of domesticated grapevine varieties and variable wild sylvestris populations, the range of variation in pip morphology is very wide. In this study we scanned representative samples of grape pip populations, in an attempt to probe the possibility of using the 3D tool for grape variety identification. The scanning was followed by mathematical and statistical analysis using innovative algorithms from the field of computer sciences. Using selected Fourier coefficients, a very clear separation was obtained between most of the varieties, with only very few overlaps. These results show that this method enables the separation between different Vitis vinifera varieties. Interestingly, when using the 3D approach to analyze couples of varieties, considered synonyms by the standard 22 SSR analysis approach, we found that the varieties in two of the considered synonym couples were clearly separated by the morphological analysis. This work, therefore, suggests a new systematic tool for high resolution variety discrimination.
MALAT1: An Epigenetic Regulator of Inflammation in Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Biswas Saumik , Thomas Anu Alice , Chen Shali , Aref-Eshghi Erfan , Feng Biao , Gonder John , Sadikovic Bekim , Chakrabarti Subrata 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDespite possessing limited protein-coding potential, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in a myriad of pathologic conditions. Most well documented in cancer, one prominent intergenic lncRNA known as MALAT1 is notorious for its role in impacting epigenetic mechanisms. In this study, we established a novel epigenetic paradigm for MALAT in diabetic retinopathy (DR) by employing siRNA-mediated MALAT1 knockdown in human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs), a Malat1 knockout animal model, vitreous humor from diabetic patients, pharmacological inhibitors for histone and DNA methylation, RNA immunoprecipitation, western blotting, and a unique DNA methylation array to determine glucose-related alterations in MALAT1. Our findings indicated that MALAT1 is capable of impacting the expressions of inflammatory transcripts through its association with components of the PRC2 complex in diabetes. Furthermore, the vitreous humors from diabetic patients revealed increased expressions of MALAT1, TNF-α, and IL-6. Intriguingly, our DNA methylation array demonstrated that transient high glucose exposure in HRECs does not contribute to significant methylation alterations at CpG sites across the MALAT1 gene. However, global inhibition of DNA methyltransferases induced significant increases in MALAT1 and associated inflammatory transcripts in HRECs. Our findings collectively demonstrate the importance of MALAT1 in inflammation and epigenetic regulation in DR.
Comparative study on differentiation of cervical-loop cells and Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath cells under the induction of dental follicle cells in rat
Authors: Guo Yongwen , Guo Weihua , Chen Jie , Tian Ye , Chen Guoqing , Tian Weidong , Bai Ding 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCervical loop cells (CLC) and Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath (HERS) cells are believed to play critical roles in distinct developmental patterns between rodent incisors and molars, respectively. However, the differences in differentiation between CLC and HERS cells, and their response to inductions from dental follicle cells, remain largely unknown. In present study, CLC and HERS cells, as well as incisor dental follicle (IF) cells and molar dental follicle (MF) cells were isolated from post-natal 7-day rats. IF and MF cell derived conditioned medium (CM) was obtained for induction of CLC and HERS cells.In vitroexperiments, we found that, under the induction of dental follicle cell derived CM, CLC cells maintained the epithelial polygonal-shapes and formed massive minerals, while part of HERS cells underwent shape transformation and generated granular minerals. CLC cells expressed higher enamel-forming and mineralization related genes, while HERS cells showed opposite expression patterns of BMP2, BMP4, AMBN and AMGN.In vivo, CLC cells generated enamel-like tissues while HERS cells formed cementum-periodontal ligament-like structures. Taken together, CLC and HERS cells present distinct differentiation patterns under the inductions from dental follicle cells.
Novel Type III Polyketide Synthases Biosynthesize Methylated Polyketides in Mycobacterium marinum
Authors: Parvez Amreesh , Giri Samir , Giri Gorkha Raj , Kumari Monika , Bisht Renu , Saxena Priti 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMycobacterial pathogenesis is hallmarked by lipidic polyketides that decorate the cell envelope and mediate infection. However, factors mediating persistence remain largely unknown. Dynamic cell wall remodeling could facilitate the different pathogenic phases. Recent studies have implicated type III polyketide synthases (PKSs) in cell wall alterations in several bacteria. Comparative genome analysis revealed several type III pks gene clusters in mycobacteria. In this study, we report the functional characterization of two novel type III PKSs, MMAR_2470 and MMAR_2474, in Mycobacterium marinum. These type III pkss belong to a unique pks genomic cluster conserved exclusively in pathogenic mycobacteria. Cell-free reconstitution assays and high-resolution mass spectrometric analyses revealed methylated polyketide products in independent reactions of both proteins. MMAR_2474 protein exceptionally biosynthesized methylated alkyl-resorcinol and methylated acyl-phloroglucinol products from the same catalytic core. Structure-based homology modeling, product docking, and mutational studies identified residues that could facilitate the distinctive catalysis of these proteins. Functional investigations in heterologous mycobacterial strain implicated MMAR_2474 protein to be vital for mycobacterial survival in stationary biofilms. Our investigations provide new insights into type III PKSs conserved in pathogenic mycobacterial species.
Oligoacetylacetones as shapable carbon chains and their transformation to oligoimines for construction of metal-organic architectures
Authors: Uesaka Mitsuharu , Saito Yuki , Yoshioka Shota , Domoto Yuya , Fujita Makoto , Inokuma Yasuhide 
Published: April 2018

AbstractFlexible chain-like molecules can adopt various conformations, but fabrication of complex and higher-order architectures by chain networking or coiling is still a difficult task in organic chemistry. As the degree of freedom increases, the large entropy loss impedes conformation and orientation fixing. Here we report oligo (3,3-dimethylpentane-2,4-dione)s as flexible and shapable carbon chains with many carbonyl groups for chemical modification. Polycarbonylated chains of various lengths are synthesized by terminal-selective silylation and oxidative coupling reactions using silver(I) oxide. We use reactions of 1,3-diketones and 1,4-diketones to reduce the chain length and to induce favourable conformations. When the chains are treated with hydrazine, all the carbonyl groups are converted to imine groups, resulting in the formation of multidentate ligands. Finally, a two-dimensional sheet-like structure and a cylindrical assembly are generated by respectively networking and coiling the carbon chains, with the aid of metal coordination.
Reversible control of triplet dynamics in metal-organic framework-entrapped organic emitters via external gases
Authors: Mieno Hiroyuki , Kabe Ryota , Adachi Chihaya 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTriplet excitons play an important role in the physics of organic emitters used in organic light-emitting diodes, bio-imaging, and security inks. Triplet exciton dynamics is influenced by the emitters and the environment surrounding them, but there is no effective way to alter triplet dynamics using external triggers. Here we demonstrate rapid and reversible control of the triplet dynamics of the emitter coronene via an external heavy-atom effect induced by external gases. Strong interaction between the emitter molecule and gases is achieved by encapsulating the emitter in a metal organic framework. Exposure to xenon, which has a large spin-orbit coupling, accelerates the radiative decay of triplets, leading to a stronger phosphorescence that decays more quickly than under vacuum. By contrast, excitons can be non-radiatively quenched through exposure to oxygen. This fast and reversible regulation of triplet dynamics may provide a new platform for responsive photo-switches, optical storage, and molecular computers.
Metabolic Tuning: Ausgewählte Mikronährstoffe im Leistungssport
Authors: Gröber Uwe 
Published: April 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Einnahme von Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln ist bei Leistungs-, aber auch Breitensportlern weit verbreitet. Eine Optimierung der sportlichen und mentalen
Leistungsfähigkeit ist jedoch nur bei zuvor bestehender Unterversorgung zu erwarten. Lücken in der Mikronährstoffzufuhr sollten sinnvollerweise über eine
Optimierung der Ernährung geschlossen werden.Ein Mangel wichtiger Mikronährstoffe wie Vitamin D, Magnesium, Eisen, Omega-3-Fettsäuren sowie Proteinen kann zu Leistungseinbußen, schneller Ermüdbarkeit, einer
langsameren Regenerationszeit oder auch Infektanfälligkeit führen. Der Beitrag fasst die Bedeutung ausgewählter für Sportler relevanter Mikronährstoffe zusammen
und gibt Empfehlungen für die Supplementierung.
Fear of Progression in Parents of Children with Cancer: Results of An Online Expert Survey in Pediatric Oncology
Authors: Clever Katharina , Schepper Florian , Küpper Luise , Christiansen Holger , Martini Julia 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Background Fear of Progression (FoP) is a commonly reported psychological strain in parents of children with cancer. This expert survey investigates how professionals in pediatric oncology estimate the burden and consequences of FoP in parents and how they assess and treat parental FoP.
Method N=77 professionals in pediatric oncology (members and associates of the Psychosocial Association in Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, PSAPOH) were examined in an online survey with a self-developed questionnaire. Data were analyzed via descriptive statistics and qualitative content analysis.
Results Three of four experts in clinical practice were (very) often confronted with parental FoP which was associated with more negative (e. g., psychosomatic reactions, reduced family functioning) than positive (e. g., active illness processing) consequences. N=40 experts indicated that they mainly assess parents’ anxiety via clinical judgment (72.5%) and/or according to ICD-10/DSM-5 diagnostic criteria (37.5%), whereas standardized methods such as psycho-oncological questionnaires (12.5%) were applied less often. Only n=6 experts named a specific diagnostic approach to assess parental FoP. The most common treatment approaches for FoP were supportive counseling (74.0%), psychotherapy (59.7%) and/or relaxation techniques (55.8%).
Discussion Parental FoP is frequently perceived by experts in clinical practice. A standardized diagnostic procedure would increase comparability of diagnostic judgments and harmonize treatment indications.
Isolation and Determination of Phenolic Glycosides and Anthraquinones from Rhizomes of Various Reynoutria Species
Authors: Nawrot-Hadzik Izabela , Granica Sebastian , Domaradzki Krzysztof , Pecio Łukasz , Matkowski Adam 
Published: April 2018

AbstractGiant knotweeds of the genus Reynoutria (syn. Fallopia)–Reynoutria japonica, Reynoutria sachalinensis, and a hybrid of them, Reynoutria x bohemica–are noxious invasive plants in Europe and North America. R. japonica is a traditional East Asian (Japan and China) drug (Polygoni cuspidati rhizoma). Recently, it has been included in European Pharmacopoeia as one of the traditional Chinese medicinal herbs. In this study, a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography method with diode array detector and time-of-flight mass spectrometry was developed and validated for the profiling of rhizomes from European invasive populations and Polygoni cuspidati rhizoma purchased in China. Twenty-five compounds were identified, mainly stilbenes, anthraquinones, flavan-3-ols, and phenylpropanoid esters. Tatariside B, hydropiperoside, vanicoside C, a new compound (3,6-O-di-p-coumaroyl)-β-fructofuranosyl-(2 → 1)-(2′-O-acetyl-6′-O-feruloyl)-β-glucopyranoside) were reported for the first time in these raw materials. Six compounds from three phytochemical classes–stilbenes: piceid and resveratrol; anthraquinones: emodin and physcion; hydroxycinnamic sucrose esters: vanicosides A and B–were quantified using the validated method. R. japonica from China contained twice as many stilbenoids than samples from Poland (piceid 14.83 mg/g dm vs. 7.45 mg/g and resveratrol 1.29 mg/g vs. 0.65 mg/g). R. sachalinensis rhizomes contained lower quantities of anthraquinones and no detectable stilbenes, which together with higher amounts of hydroxycinnamic glycosides makes it easily distinguishable from the other two. The phytochemical profile of R. x bohemica was intermediate between the two parent species.
Predictors of Early Mortality in Cancer-Associated Thrombosis: Analysis of the RIETE Database
Authors: Tafur Alfonso , Fuentes Harry , Caprini Joseph , Rivas Agustina , Uresandi F. , Duce Rita , Lopez-Reyes Raquel , Visona Adriana , Merah Adel , Monreal Manuel 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCancer-associated thrombosis (CT) carries a high, heterogeneous, and poorly predicted likelihood of mortality. Thus, we aimed to define predictors of 30-day mortality in 10,025 patients with CT. In a randomly selected derivation cohort, we used recursive partitioning analysis to detect variables that select for a risk of mortality within 30 days. In a validation cohort, we evaluated our results using Cochran–Armitage test. The most common types of cancer were lung (16%), breast (14%), and colorectal (14%); median age was 69 years (range, 14–101); most had metastatic disease (63%); 13% of patients died within 30 days. In the derivation cohort (n = 6,660), a white blood cell (WBC) count in the highest quartile predicted early mortality (odds ratio, 7.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.6–13.1); and the presence of metastatic disease, pulmonary embolism (PE), and immobility defined the risk of those with normal WBC count. We defined death risk according four sequential questions: (1) Does the patient have an elevated WBC count? (Yes, group D). (2) If no, does the patient have metastasis? (No, group A). (3) If yes, is the patient immobile? (Yes, group D). (4) If no, does the patient have a PE? (Yes, group C; no, group B). In the validation cohort (n = 3,365), the 30-day risk of death was 2.9% in group A (95% CI, 1.9–4.3), compared with 25% in group D (95% CI, 22.5–27.5), and there was a rate escalation between groups (p for trend < 0.01). In conclusion, with four sequential questions, the risk of death in CT can be easily stratified. An elevated WBC count at baseline predicted 30-day mortality better than metastases, PE, or immobility.
Die Smartphone-basierte Thermographie zur Lokalisation von Perforatoren bei der mikrovaskulären Brustrekonstruktion
Authors: Walle Leonard , Fansa Hisham , Frerichs Onno 
Published: April 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Thermographie gewährleistet eine nicht-invasive Darstellung von Temperaturdifferenzen. Bei mikrovaskulären Lappenplastiken könnte die
Thermographie kutane Temperaturdifferenzen aufzeigen und somit indirekt Durchblutungsmuster über Perforatoren darstellen. Bei der präoperativen Planung könnte
diese Methode als zusätzliches Tool die Qualität und Vielfältigkeit der freien Lappenplastiken steigern.
Patienten und Methoden 10 Patientinnen mit 13 freien DIEP-Lappenplastiken zur Brustrekonstruktion wurden in dieser prospektiven Studie untersucht. Mittels Smartphone-basierter Thermographie wurden präoperativ die „hot spots“ der Hautdurchblutung (Perforatoreintritt) am
Abdomen dargestellt. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit der präoperativ durchgeführten Computertomographischen-Angiographie (CTA), sowie der intraoperativen Anatomie
verglichen.
Ergebnisse Die Thermographie konnte bei allen Patienten erfolgreich eingesetzt werden und zeigte verlässlich Perfusionsareale mit „hot spots“ im
Hebeareal. Alle präoperativ am Abdomen thermographisch ausgewählten Hauptperforatoren wurden auch intraoperativ zur DIEP-Lappenplastik verwendet. Die Auswahl
der Hauptperforatoren deckte sich dabei auch mit den Ergebnissen der CTA-Untersuchungen.
Schlussfolgerung Die Smartphone-basierte Thermographie kann einfach, schnell und nicht-invasiv kutane Temperaturdifferenzen darstellen. Die Darstellung
des Perforatoreintritts in die Haut ist über die sichtbaren Wärmepunkte zuverlässig möglich. Bei der Auswahl eines geeigneten Perforators bringt die
Thermographie nützliche Zusatzinformationen und ist somit ein ergänzendes Tool in der Bildgebung der Perforator-basierten Lappenplastiken.