bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Comparison of Retinal Vascular Features in Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Images From Three Different Devices
Authors: Anegondi Neha , Kshirsagar Arpita , Mochi Thirumalesh B. , Sinha Roy Abhijit 
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To compare optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images from three different devices.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
This was a prospective, observational, cross-sectional study. All eyes (n = 24) were imaged thrice each time with swept-source OCT (DRI OCT Triton Plus; Topcon, Tokyo, Japan), spectral-domain OCTA (AngioVue; Optovue, Fremont, CA), and SD-OCT Angioplex (Cirrus HD-OCT 5000; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany). Outcome measures were foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, vessel density, spacing between large vessels (SLV), and spacing between small vessels (SSV). They were calculated using local fractal analyses and Frangi filter.

RESULTS:

The vascular parameters showed good to excellent repeatability (intraclass coefficient > 0.8) in the three devices. The FAZ area (
P
= .3) and vessel density of the superficial layer (
P
= .8) were similar between the devices. In the deep layer, vessel density was significantly higher (
P
= .02) with Angio-Vue images compared to those acquired using the other devices. However, SLV was significantly higher (
P
< .05) and SSV was significantly lower (
P
< .05) on Angioplex scans compared to other devices. Vessel parameters were significantly altered in Frangi-filtered images as compared to nonfiltered images.

CONCLUSIONS:
Vessel density showed good repeatability among the three devices, although there were differences in vessel parameters between the devices. Also, vessel parameters changed significantly after Frangi filtering.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:488–496.]
Characterization of Idiopathic Choroidal Neovascularization Using Fluorescein Angiography, Indocyanine Green Angiography, and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Authors: Kumar Atul , Vohra Rajpal , Agrawal Surbhi , Chawla Rohan , Azad Shorya Vardhan , Venkatesh Pradeep , Sharma Anu 
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To assess the usefulness of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in cases of idiopathic choroidal neovascularization (iCNV).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Seven eyes with suspected iCNV were evaluated using OCT, OCTA, fluorescein angiography (FA), and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) and were followed up between 3 weeks and 4 weeks following an intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injection. The utility of OCTA in the diagnosis and characterization of morphology of iCNV at baseline and follow-up was assessed.

RESULTS:
Morphology of vasculature comprising iCNV could be detected in all cases (100%) on OCTA and in 57% cases on ICGA. FA only detected hyperfluorescence and not individual vessel morphology. After anti-VEGF injection, the mean logMAR visual acuity improved from 0.55 to 0.27. A qualitative scale to assess response of therapy is suggested.

CONCLUSIONS:
OCTA is a useful, noninvasive tool to detect, characterize, and follow-up on cases of suspected iCNV with utility comparable to or even better than traditional angiography techniques.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:516–522.]
New Vital Dye Injection Technique With Vitrectomy Probe
Authors: Caporossi Tomaso , Finocchio Lucia , Tartaro Ruggero , Franco Fabrizio , Barca Francesco , Rizzo Stanislao 
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate a new, safer way to inject vital dye during chromovitrectomy for dye-assisted macular peeling.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Prospective consecutive case series. Enrolled patients underwent macular surgery with a new technique of staining the epiretinal membrane and the internal limiting membrane with vital dyes. Twenty eyes of 20 patients (eight men, 12 women) were affected by idiopathic epiretinal membrane and underwent 25-gauge via pars plana vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane removal. Ten eyes were stained with Membrane Blue-Dual (Brilliant Blue G + trypan blue; DORC, Zuidland, The Netherlands) and 10 eyes were stained with Brilliant Peel (Brillant Blue G; Fluoron GmbH, Ulm, Germany).
Preoperatively and postoperatively (1, 3, and 6 months) all patients received a complete ophthalmologic examination with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) assessment, swept-source optical coherence tomography, and multifocal electroretinography (mfERG).

RESULTS:

The mean age of the patients was 67.0 years ± 8.6 years (range: 55 years to 78 years). No statistically significant difference in BCVA improvement or central foveal thickness decrease was observed in either group (
P
> .05). The mfERG showed an increase in electrical response densities 3 months after surgery.

CONCLUSION:
The authors describe a new technique to inject vital dye during chromovitrectomy for dye-assisted macular peeling that may help to improve the overall safety of macular surgery.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:528–533.]
Myeloid Dendritic Cells Induce HIV Latency in Proliferating CD4+ T Cells
Authors: Kumar Nitasha A. , van der Sluis Renee M. , Mota Talia , Pascoe Rachel , Evans Vanessa A. , Lewin Sharon R. , Cameron Paul U. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
HIV latency occurs predominantly in long-lived resting CD4+ T cells; however, latent infection also occurs in T cell subsets, including proliferating CD4+ T cells. We compared the establishment and maintenance of latent infection in nonproliferating and proliferating human CD4+ T cells cocultured with syngeneic myeloid dendritic cells (mDC). Resting CD4+ T cells were labeled with the proliferation dye eFluor 670 and cultured alone or with mDC, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, or monocytes in the presence of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). Cells were cultured for 24 h and infected with CCR5-tropic enhanced GFP (EGFP) reporter HIV. Five days postinfection, nonproductively infected EGFP− CD4+ T cells that were either nonproliferating (eFluor 670hi) or proliferating (eFluor 670lo) were sorted and cultured for an additional 7 d (day 12) with IL-7 and antiretrovirals. At day 5 postinfection, sorted, nonproductively infected T cells were stimulated with anti–CD3/CD28, and induced expression of EGFP was measured to determine the frequency of latent infection. Integrated HIV in these cells was confirmed using quantitative PCR. By these criteria, latent infection was detected at day 5 and 12 in proliferating T cells cocultured with mDC and monocytes but not plasmacytoid dendritic cells, where CD4+ T cells at day 12 were poor. At day 5 postinfection, nonproliferating T cells expressing SEB-specific TCR Vβ-17 were enriched in latent infection compared with non–SEB-specific TCR Vβ-8.1. Together, these data show that both nonproliferating and proliferating CD4+ T cells can harbor latent infection during SEB-stimulated T cell proliferation and that the establishment of HIV latency in nonproliferating T cells is linked to expression of specific TCR that respond to SEB.
Targeting Antigen-Specific B Cells Using Antigen-Expressing Transduced Regulatory T Cells
Authors: Zhang Ai-Hong , Yoon Jeongheon , Kim Yong Chan , Scott David W. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Controlling immune responses in autoimmunity and to biotherapeutics is an unmet need. In hemophilia, for example, up to one third of patients receiving therapeutic factor VIII (FVIII) infusions develop neutralizing Abs termed “inhibitors.” To address this problem in a mouse model of hemophilia A, we used an Ag-specific regulatory T cell (Treg) approach in which we created a novel B cell–targeting chimeric receptor composed of an FVIII Ag domain linked with the CD28-CD3ζ transmembrane and signaling domains. We termed these “BAR” for B cell–targeting Ab receptors. CD4+CD25hiCD127low human Tregs were retrovirally transduced to express a BAR containing the immunodominant FVIII C2 or A2 domains (C2- and A2-BAR). Such BAR-Tregs specifically suppressed the recall Ab response of spleen cultures from FVIII-immunized mice in vitro and completely prevented anti-FVIII Ab development in response to FVIII immunization. Mechanistic studies with purified B cells and T cells from tolerized or control recipients demonstrated that the FVIII-specific B cells were directly suppressed or anergized, whereas the T cell response remained intact. Taken together, we report in this study a successful proof-of-principle strategy using Ag-expressing Tregs to directly target specific B cells, an approach which could be adapted to address other adverse immune responses as well.
Cutting Edge: Deletion of Ezrin in B Cells of Lyn-Deficient Mice Downregulates Lupus Pathology
Authors: Pore Debasis , Huang Emily , Dejanovic Dina , Parameswaran Neetha , Cheung Michael B. , Gupta Neetu 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Genetic deletion of the Src family tyrosine kinase Lyn in mice recapitulates human systemic lupus erythematosus, characterized by hyperactive BCR signaling, splenomegaly, autoantibody generation, and glomerulonephritis. However, the molecular regulators of autoimmunity in Lyn-deficient mice and in human lupus remain poorly characterized. In this study, we report that conditional deletion of the membrane–cytoskeleton linker protein ezrin in B cells of Lyn-deficient mice (double knockout [DKO] mice) ameliorates B cell activation and lupus pathogenesis. B cells from DKO mice respond poorly to BCR stimulation, with severe downregulation of major signaling pathways. DKO mice exhibit reduced splenomegaly as well as significantly lower levels of autoantibodies against a variety of autoantigens, including dsDNA, histone, and chromatin. Leukocyte infiltration and deposition of IgG and complement component C3 in the kidney glomeruli of DKO mice are markedly reduced. Our data demonstrate that ezrin is a novel molecular regulator of B cell–associated lupus pathology.
Las “fronteras del desarrollo” en la producción capitalista del espacio en Chile
Authors: Núñez Andrés , Arenas Federico , Sánchez Rafael , Urrutia Santiago 
Published: July 2018

El presente artículo expone una investigación referida a la producción capitalista del espacio en Chile en el contexto del actual proceso de globalización. El planteamiento central es que el Estado chileno y su territorialidad han actuado, con notoriedad a partir de la década de los setenta, bajo una lógica de articulación y soporte en relación a una geografía del capital que se moviliza a nivel mundial. Este proceder ha llevado al surgimiento de lo que hemos denominado las "fronteras del desarrollo", cuya característica principal es la reconfiguración de la clásica territorialidad del Estado-nación al configurar espacios tanto nacionales como globales. Estas fronteras del desarrollo representan, como plantea el texto, un ícono clave en la producción capitalista del espacio en Chile al ser territorios que marcan zonas de contacto y apertura global más que clausura nacional.
Thou Shalt Kill: A Religious History of the Rifle and the Grenade in America's Great War
Authors: Ebel Jonathan 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This article examines the intersection of religious ideas and movements with the development of weapons technologies during the First World War, arguing that soldiers' ways of understanding and interacting with the rifle and the grenade were an extension both of the technology as a thing and of its meaning as a sign, and that the latter in particular needs to be woven into religious histories of the American experience of war in general, the Great War in particular.
Vasopressin-induced hyponatremia in a patient with pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure treated for septic shock
Authors: Peters Andrew , Brailovsky Yevgeniy , Lakhter Vladimir , Forfia Paul R. 
Published: July 2018

We report a case of a 55-year-old woman who developed hyponatremia after the initiation of exogenous vasopressin to treat vasodilatory shock. Discontinuation of exogenous vasopressin therapy, without any other changes in medical therapy or the patient’s condition, led to a rapid correction in the serum sodium level along with a marked increase in urine output. Increased free water retention due to exogenous vasopressin administration may have contributed to hyponatremia in this patient. This case illustrates the potential for vasopressin to have potent and unintended renal and electrolyte effects in patients treated for vasodilatory shock.
Strongly (001) Oriented Bimorph PZT Film on Metal Foils Grown by rf‐Sputtering for Wrist‐Worn Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters
Authors: Yeo Hong Goo , Xue Tiancheng , Roundy Shad , Ma Xiaokun , Rahn Christopher , Trolier‐McKinstry Susan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractFor piezoelectric energy harvesters, a large volume of piezoelectric material with a high figure of merit is essential to obtain a higher power density. The work describes the growth of highly (001) oriented sputtered lead zirconate titanate (PZT) films (f ≈ 0.99) exceeding 4 µm in thickness on both sides of an Ni foil to produce a bimorph structure. These films are incorporated in novel wrist‐worn energy harvesters (<16 cm2) in which piezoelectric beams are plucked magnetically using an eccentric rotor with embedded magnets to implement frequency up‐conversion. The resulting devices successfully convert low‐frequency vibration sources (i.e., from walking, rotating the wrist, and jogging) to higher frequency vibrations of the PZT beams (100–200 Hz). Measured at resonance, six beams producing an output of 1.2 mW is achieved at 0.15 G acceleration. For magnetic plucking of a wrist‐worn nonresonant device, 40–50 µW is produced during mild activity.
Review on the Application of SnO2 in Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Xiong Liangbin , Guo Yaxiong , Wen Jian , Liu Hongri , Yang Guang , Qin Pingli , Fang Guojia 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSnO2 has been well investigated in many successful state‐of‐the‐art perovskite solar cells (PSCs) due to its favorable attributes such as high mobility, wide bandgap, and deep conduction band and valence band. Several independent studies show the performances of PSCs with SnO2 are higher than that with TiO2, especially in device stability. In 2015, the first planar PSCs were reported with a power conversion efficiency over 17% using a low temperature sol‐derived SnO2 nanocrystal electron transport layer (ETL). Since then, many other groups have also reported high performance PSCs based on SnO2 ETLs. SnO2 planar PSCs show currently the highest performance in planar configuration devices (21.6%) and are close to the record holder of TiO2 mesoporous PSCs, suggesting their high potential as ETLs in PSCs. The main concerns with the application of SnO2 as ETL are that it suffers from degradation in high temperature processes and that its much lower conduction band compared to perovskite may result in a voltage loss of PSCs. Here, notable achievements to date are outlined, the unique attributes of SnO2 as ETLs in PSCs are described, and the challenges facing the successful development of PSCs and approaches to the problems are discussed.
An Industrial Perspective on Counter Anions in Gold Catalysis: On Alternative Counter Anions
Authors: Schießl Jasmin , Schulmeister Jürgen , Doppiu Angelino , Wörner Eileen , Rudolph Matthias , Karch Ralf , Hashmi A. Stephen K. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA comparison of versatile counter anions was investigated by means of a variety of well‐known test reactions representing the key reactivity patterns of homogeneous gold catalysis, the catalytic activity was monitored by GC and 1H NMR. As previously reported, the counter anion influence is usually more pronounced than the corresponding ligand effect. Due to this, the study is focused on the investigation of counter anions so far not included from investigation of homogeneous gold‐catalyzed reactions. The examinations using so far neglected counter anions (BArF4)−, [B(C6F5)4]−, [Al(OC(CF3)3)4]− and [B(C6F5)3(OAcF)]− showed surpassing or at least similar catalytic activities as the commonly used counter anions. The expanded use of counter anions can occupy an important role in future concerning catalyst optimization in gold catalysis.magnified image
Electroless Plating of Highly Efficient Bifunctional Boride‐Based Electrodes toward Practical Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Hao Weiju , Wu Renbing , Zhang Ruiqi , Ha Yuan , Chen Ziliang , Wang Lincai , Yang Yanjing , Ma Xiaohua , Sun Dalin , Fang Fang , Guo Yanhui 
Published: July 2018

AbstractExploring highly‐efficient and low‐cost electrodes for both hydrogen and oxygen evolution reaction (HER and OER) is of primary importance to economical water splitting. Herein, a series of novel and robust bifunctional boride‐based electrodes are successfully fabricated using a versatile Et2NHBH3‐involved electroless plating (EP) approach via deposition of nonprecious boride‐based catalysts on various substrates. Owing to the unique binder‐free porous nodule structure induced by the hydrogen release EP reaction, most of the nonprecious boride‐based electrodes are highly efficient for overall water splitting. As a distinctive example, the Co‐B/Ni electrode can afford 10 mA cm−2 at overpotentials of only 70 mV for HER and 140 mV for OER, and can also survive at large current density of 1000 mA cm−2 for over 20 h without performance degradation in 1.0 m KOH. Several boride‐based two‐electrode electrolyzers can achieve 10 mA cm−2 at low voltages of around 1.4 V. Moreover, the facile EP approach is economically viable for flexible and large size electrode production.
Nitro‐Functionalized Bis(pyrazolate) Metal–Organic Frameworks as Carbon Dioxide Capture Materials under Ambient Conditions
Authors: Mosca Nello , Vismara Rebecca , Fernandes José A. , Tuci Giulia , Di Nicola Corrado , Domasevitch Konstantin V. , Giacobbe Carlotta , Giambastiani Giuliano , Pettinari Claudio , Aragones‐Anglada Marta , Moghadam Peyman Z. , Fairen‐Jimenez David , Rossin Andrea , Galli Simona 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) M(BPZNO2) (M=Co, Cu, Zn; H2BPZNO2=3‐nitro‐4,4′‐bipyrazole) were prepared through solvothermal routes and were fully investigated in the solid state. They showed good thermal stability both under a N2 atmosphere and in air, with decomposition temperatures peaking up to 663 K for Zn(BPZNO2). Their crystal structure is characterized by 3D networks with square (M=Co, Zn) or rhombic (M=Cu) channels decorated by polar NO2 groups. As revealed by N2 adsorption at 77 K, they are micro‐mesoporous materials with BET specific surface areas ranging from 400 to 900 m2 g−1. Remarkably, under the mild conditions of 298 K and 1.2 bar, Zn(BPZNO2) adsorbs 21.8 wt % CO2 (4.95 mmol g−1). It shows a Henry CO2/N2 selectivity of 15 and an ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) selectivity of 12 at p=1 bar. As a CO2 adsorbent, this compound is the best‐performing MOF to date among those bearing a nitro group as a unique chemical tag. High‐resolution powder X‐ray diffraction at 298 K and different CO2 loadings revealed, for the first time in a NO2‐functionalized MOF, the insurgence of primary host–guest interactions involving the C(3)–NO2 moiety of the framework and the oxygen atoms of carbon dioxide, as confirmed by Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations. This interaction mode is markedly different from that observed in NH2‐functionalized MOFs, for which the carbon atom of CO2 is involved.
Surfactant‐Guided Synthesis of Porous Pt Shells with Ordered Tangential Channels, Coated on Pd Nanostructures, and Their Enhanced Catalytic Activities
Authors: Wang Qishun , Li Junqi , Wang Xiao , Liu Yu , Long Yan , Li Jian , Pan Jing , Song Shuyan , Zhang Hongjie 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHigh‐quality (Pd cube)@(Pt helix) core@shell nanoparticles, with a novel spiral‐structured shell and highly‐ordered tangential channels are successfully fabricated through a facile wet chemistry method with the help of N,N‐dimethyloctadecyl ammonium bromide acetate sodium (OTAB‐Na). A bottom‐up synthesis strategy provides accurate control of layers by simply changing the molar ratio of Pt/Pd with a uniform layer thickness of 2 nm maintained in all (1–3)‐rounds samples. The irregular Pt superstructures of the shells, and sophisticated core@shell hybrid materials endow the as‐produced samples with highly enhanced catalytic properties, when evaluated for hydrogenation of nitrobenzene as a probe reaction.
Effect of vertical internals on the pressure drop in a gas‐solid fluidized bed
Authors: Taofeeq Haidar , Al‐Dahhan Muthanna H. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this work, the pressure drop at the wall and the radial profiles of pressure drop along the bed height have been measured using a differential pressure transducer and pressure probe‐differential pressure transducer in a gas‐solid fluidized bed with a 0.14 m inside diameter. Two types of circular arrangements of intense vertical internals (0.0254 and 0.0127 m diameter), two kinds of solid particles of Geldart B type (glass beads and aluminum oxide), and four selected superficial gas velocities in terms of u/umf have been used to study the impact of these different designs, as well as the physical and operating variables on the pressure drop measured at the wall of the bed and the radial pressure drop inside the fluidized bed. It has been experimentally demonstrated that the 0.0254 m internals can reduce the pressure drop at the wall and the radial pressure drop inside the bed by about 10 % when compared to without internals, and this result holds true for both kinds of solids used. However, the implementation of 0.0127 m internals inside the gas‐solid fluidized bed leads to a decrease in the pressure drop and radial pressure drop in the case of glass bead solid particles and an increase in the pressure drop in the case of aluminum oxide solid particles. The experimental results in the form of relevant dimensionless groups have been correlated using the statistical analysis software of JMP 12, due to the big difference between the experimental results of this work and the predicted values from the available correlations in the literature. The new correlation has been developed with a mean relative deviation value of 1.08 % between the experimental and predicted values.
Effects of aluminoxane cocatalysts on bis(imino)pyridine iron‐catalyzed ethylene oligomerization
Authors: Zhang Wei , Ye Jian , Jiang Binbo , Wang Jingdai , Liao Zuwei , Huang Zhengliang , Yang Yongrong , Ye Zhibin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractEthylene oligomerization facilitated with a bis(imino)pyridine iron catalyst in the presence of various aluminoxane cocatalysts is investigated in this work. The effects of different trialkylaluminiums and [H2O]/[Al] molar ratios employed in the synthesis of aluminoxanes on the catalytic activity, selectivity to linear α‐olefins, and polymer share have been discussed. The results show that MAO‐S (methylaluminoxane synthesized herein) renders the highest catalytic activity but with a rather high undesired polymer share, and i‐BAO (iso‐butylaluminoxane) is the most optimum cocatalyst, rendering the predominant production of α‐olefins at high activity with significantly reduced polymer share. On the contrary, EAO (ethylaluminoxane) shows quite poor catalytic activity. The use of mixed aluminoxanes, MBAO (mixed aluminoxanes synthesized from trimethylaluminium and triisobutylaluminium mixtures), and EBAO (mixed aluminoxanes synthesized from triethylaluminium and triisobutylaluminium mixtures) as cocatalysts also renders different catalytic performance, indicating that the composition/structure of mixed aluminoxanes has pronounced effects on the catalytic activity and selectivity to linear α‐olefins.