bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Composite Outcome Improves Feasibility of Clinical Trials in Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Boehm Michael , Niewczas Julia , Herkner Harald , Koenig Franz , Kratochwill Klaus , Rutherford Peter , Aufricht Christoph , Vychytil Andreas 
Published: May 2019

Background Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is complicated by a high rate of adverse events that might be attributed to cytotoxicity of currently used PD fluids. However, clinical development of novel PD fluids is virtually non-existent, in part due to difficulties in recruiting sufficiently large populations for adequately powered trials. The aim of this study is to understand the potential impact of introducing composite outcomes on clinical trial feasibility in PD. Methods A composite outcome “major adverse peritoneal events (MAPE)” was designed to combine clinically relevant complications of PD, such as ( 1 ) technical failure (cause-specific for peritonitis and/or insufficient dialysis), ( 2 ) peritonitis, and ( 3 ) peritoneal membrane deterioration. Incidence rates of individual endpoints were obtained from the literature and expert panel estimations, and population sizes were computed based on Chi-square test for adequately powered confirmatory randomized controlled clinical trials with 2 parallel arms. Results Incidence rates for technical failure, peritonitis, and peritoneal membrane deterioration were estimated at 15%, 50%, and 23%, respectively, at 2 years follow-up, with adequate agreement between the literature and expert opinion. Assuming that a given intervention reduces adverse outcomes by 30%, an adequately powered clinical trial needs to recruit up to 1,720 patients when studying individual outcomes. Combining endpoints increases power in simulated trials despite considerable overlap, and the composite outcome MAPE reduces the required population to 202 patients aiming for 80% power. Conclusion Introduction of the composite outcome MAPE, covering relevant major adverse peritoneal events, may improve the feasibility of clinical trials to adequately test novel PD fluids.
Quiet-Sun Explosive Events Observed in He ii λ304 with MOSES-06
Authors: Rust Thomas , Kankelborg Charles C. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In this paper the unique data from the Multi-Order Solar Extreme-Ultraviolet Spectrograph (MOSES) are used to investigate transition region explosive events in the He ii
λ304 spectral line. Particular attention is paid to two example events: one blueshifted jet and one bidirectional jet. Observations suggest that these events consist exclusively of high-velocity (∼100 km s−1) plasma. These two and other examples presented here exhibit a striking lack of emission in the line core. No acceleration phase is observed at the onset of either event. In total, 41 examples of explosive events are identified, including 5 blueshifted jets, 2 redshifted jets, and 10 bidirectional jets. The remaining 24 events resist simple classification, but observations indicate compact, highly Doppler-shifted emission. Event spatial scales and lifetimes are consistent with published explosive event characteristics. Data from the Michelson Doppler Imager provide magnetic context to the MOSES observations. Bidirectional jets lacking line core emission are interesting because they are predicted in models of Petschek reconnection in the transition region.
PSR J1926-0652: A Pulsar with Interesting Emission Properties Discovered at FAST
Authors: Zhang Lei , Li Di , Hobbs George , Agar Crispin H. , Manchester Richard N. , Weltevrede Patrick , Coles William A. , Wang Pei , Zhu Weiwei , Wen Zhigang , Yuan Jianping , Cameron Andrew D. , Dai Shi , Liu Kuo , Zhi Qijun , Miao Chenchen , Yuan Mao , Cao Shuyun , Feng Li , Gan Hengqian , Gao Long , Gu Xuedong , Guo Minglei , Hao Qiaoli , Huang Lin , Jiang Peng , Jin Chengjin , Li Hui , Li Qi , Li Qisheng , Liu Hongfei , Pan Gaofeng , Pan Zhichen , Peng Bo , Qian Hui , Qian Lei , Shi Xiangwei , Song Jinyou , Song Liqiang , Sun Caihong , Sun Jinghai , Wang Hong , Wang Qiming , Wang Yi , Xie Xiaoyao , Yan Jun , Yang Li , Yang Shimo , Yao Rui , Yu Dongjun , Yu Jinglong , Yue Youling , Zhang Chengmin , Zhang Haiyan , Zhang Shuxin , Zheng Xiaonian , Zhou Aiying , Zhu Boqin , Zhu Lichun , Zhu Ming , Zhu Wenbai , Zhu Yan 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We describe PSR J1926−0652, a pulsar recently discovered with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). Using sensitive single-pulse detections from FAST and long-term timing observations from the Parkes 64 m radio telescope, we probed phenomena on both long and short timescales. The FAST observations covered a wide frequency range from 270 to 800 MHz, enabling individual pulses to be studied in detail. The pulsar exhibits at least four profile components, short-term nulling lasting from 4 to 450 pulses, complex subpulse drifting behaviors and intermittency on scales of tens of minutes. While the average band spacing P
3 is relatively constant across different bursts and components, significant variations in the separation of adjacent bands are seen, especially near the beginning and end of a burst. Band shapes and slopes are quite variable, especially for the trailing components and for the shorter bursts. We show that for each burst the last detectable pulse prior to emission ceasing has different properties compared to other pulses. These complexities pose challenges for the classic carousel-type models.
On the Gamma-Ray Nebula of Vela Pulsar. I. Very Slow Diffusion of Energetic Electrons within the TeV Nebula
Authors: Bao Yiwei , Liu Siming , Chen Yang 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
High-energy particle transport in pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) plays an essential role in explaining the characteristics revealed in multiwavelength observations. In this paper, the TeV–gamma-ray-emitting electrons in the Vela X PWN are approximated to be injected impulsively when the cocoon is formed due to the interaction between the SNR reverse shock and the PWN. By solving the diffusion-loss equation analytically, we reproduce the broadband spectral energy distribution and surface brightness profile simultaneously. The diffusion coefficient of TeV electrons and positrons, which is well constrained by the spectral and spatial properties of the TeV nebula, is thus determined to be 1 × 1026 cm2 s−1 for 10 TeV electrons and positrons. This coefficient is more than three orders of magnitude lower than that in the interstellar medium, in agreement with a constraint recently obtained from HAWC observations of a TeV nebula associated with the Geminga pulsar. These results suggest that slow diffusion of high-energy particles might be common in PWNe.
A Consistent Set of Empirical Scaling Relations for Spiral Galaxies: The (vmax, MoM)–(σ0, MBH, ϕ) Relations
Authors: Davis Benjamin L. , Graham Alister W. , Combes Françoise 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Using the latest sample of 48 spiral galaxies having a directly measured supermassive black hole mass, M
BH, we determine how the maximum disk rotational velocity, v
max (and the implied dark matter halo mass, M
DM), correlates with the (i) black hole mass, (ii) central velocity dispersion, σ
0, and (iii) spiral-arm pitch angle, ϕ. We find that

M

BH

∝

v

max

10.62
±
1.37

∝

M

DM

4.35
±
0.66

, significantly steeper than previously reported, and with a total root mean square scatter (0.58 dex) similar to that about the M
BH–σ
0 relation for spiral galaxies—in stark disagreement with claims that M
BH does not correlate with disks. Moreover, this M
BH–v
max relation is consistent with the unification of the Tully–Fisher relation (involving the total stellar mass, M
*,tot) and the steep

M

BH

∝

M

*
,
tot

3.05
±
0.53

relation observed in spiral galaxies. We also find that

σ

0

∝

v

max

1.55
±
0.25

∝

M

DM

0.63
±
0.11

, consistent with past studies connecting stellar bulges (with σ
0 ≳ 100 km s−1), dark matter halos, and a nonconstant v
max/σ
0 ratio. Finally, we report that

tan
∣
ϕ
∣
∝
(
−
1.18
±
0.19
)
log

v

max

∝
(
−
0.48
±
0.09
)
log

M

DM

, providing a novel formulation between the geometry (i.e., the logarithmic spiral-arm pitch angle) and kinematics of spiral galaxy disks. While the v
max–ϕ relation may facilitate distance estimations to face-on spiral galaxies through the Tully–Fisher relation and using ϕ as a proxy for v
max, the M
DM–ϕ relation provides a path for determining dark matter halo masses from imaging data alone. Furthermore, based on a spiral galaxy sample size that is double the size used previously, the self-consistent relations presented here provide dramatically revised constraints for theory and simulations.
Luminosity–Luminosity Correlations in Flux-limited Multiwavelength Data
Authors: Singal J. , Petrosian V. , Haider J. , Malik S. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We explore the general question of correlations among different waveband luminosities in a flux-limited multiband observational data set. Such correlations, often observed for astronomical sources, may be either intrinsic or induced by the redshift evolution of the luminosities and the data truncation due to the flux limits. We first address this question analytically. We then use simulated flux-limited data with three different known intrinsic luminosity correlations and prescribed luminosity functions and evolution similar to the ones expected for quasars. We explore how the intrinsic nature of luminosity correlations can be deduced, including exploring the efficacy of partial correlation analysis with redshift binning in determining whether luminosity correlations are intrinsic and finding the form of the intrinsic correlation. By applying methods that we have developed in recent works, we show that we can recover the true cosmological evolution of the luminosity functions and the intrinsic correlations between the luminosities. Finally, we demonstrate the methods for determining intrinsic luminosity correlations on actual observed samples of quasars with mid-infrared, radio, and optical fluxes and redshifts, finding that the luminosity–luminosity correlation is significantly stronger between mid-infrared and optical than that between radio and optical luminosities, supporting the canonical jet-launching and heating model of active galaxies.
Are the Double-mode Bulge RR Lyrae Stars with Identical Period Ratios the Relic of a Disrupted Stellar System?
Authors: Kunder Andrea , Tilton Alex , Maertens Dylon , Ogata Jonathan , Nataf David , Rich R. Michael , Johnson Christian I. , Gilligan Christina , Chaboyer Brian 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Radial velocities of 15 double-mode bulge RR Lyrae (RR01) stars are presented, 6 of which belong to a compact group of RR01 stars in pulsation space, with the ratio of first-overtone period to fundamental mode period, P

fo
/P

f
∼ 0.74, and P

f
∼ 0.44. It has been suggested that these pulsationally clumped RR01 stars are a relic of a disrupted dwarf galaxy or stellar cluster, as they also appear to be spatially coherent in a vertical strip across the bulge. However, the radial velocities of the stars presented here, along with proper motions from Gaia DR2, show a large range of radial velocities, proper motions, and distances for the bulge RR01 stars in the pulsation clump, much larger than the RR01 stars in the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy (Sgr). Therefore, in contrast to the kinematics of the RRL stars belonging to Sgr, and those in and surrounding the bulge globular cluster NGC 6441, there is no obvious kinematic signature within the pulsationally clumped RR01 stars. If the pulsationally clumped RR01 stars belonged to the same system in the past and were accreted, their accretion in the inner Galaxy was not recent, as the kinematic signature of this group has been lost (i.e., these stars are now well-mixed within the inner Galaxy). We show that the apparent spatial coherence reported for these stars could have been caused by small number statistics. The orbits of the RR01 stars in the inner Galaxy suggest that they are confined to the innermost ∼4 kpc of the Milky Way.
No Evidence for Lunar Transit in New Analysis of Hubble Space Telescope Observations of the Kepler-1625 System
Authors: Kreidberg Laura , Luger Rodrigo , Bedell Megan 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Observations of the Kepler-1625 system with Kepler and the Hubble Space Telescope have suggested the presence of a candidate exomoon, Kepler-1625b I, a Neptune-radius satellite orbiting a long-period Jovian planet. Here we present a new analysis of the Hubble observations, using an independent data reduction pipeline. We find that the transit light curve is well fit with a planet-only model, with a best-fit

equal to 1.01. The addition of a moon does not significantly improve the fit quality. We compare our results directly with the original light curve from Teachey & Kipping, and find that we obtain a better fit to the data using a model with fewer free parameters (no moon). We discuss possible sources for the discrepancy in our results, and conclude that the lunar transit signal found by Teachey & Kipping was likely an artifact of the data reduction. This finding highlights the need to develop independent pipelines to confirm results that push the limits of measurement precision.
Reading/writing as tangle: metafiction as motion
Authors: Olsen Lance 
Published: May 2019

Serait-il fructueux de penser métafiction et réflexivité comme ayant moins à voir avec une certaine catégorie de textes qu’avec le type d’imagination du lecteur, qui vient travailler la textualité elle-même ? Cet article « critifictif » produit cette possibilité en explorant l’idée de l’irréductibilité – l’idée que lorsque se lançant dans la lecture d’un texte de métafiction, novateur, et par conséquent difficile, le lecteur n’atteindra jamais la première page ... et c’est en cela que se trouve précisément la joie de telles entreprises, au plan politique, ontologique et épistémologique.
Entre épiderme et psyché
Authors: Golse Bernard 
Published: May 2019

Après avoir rappelé la place stratégique de la peau entre le dedans et le dehors, l’auteur envisage quelques problématiques particulières (l’audition cutanée, la bisexualité psychique et l’interdit du toucher) pour montrer que l’impact des relations cutanées précoces demeure gravé au plus profond du psychisme humain, avec des possibilités de réactivation tout au long de la vie.
Sustainable-inclusive development through conversational thinking: The case for Africa – China relations
Authors: Enyimba Maduka 
Published: May 2019

My aim in this paper is to show the necessity and possibility of implementing inclusive development that is sustainable in Africa-China relations using the Conversational technique. I contend that the foremost challenges facing inclusive and sustainable developments are the dearth of constructive and balanced relationships. If a programme of development is constructive, that is, takes into consideration every relevant variable and practicable measure, it would be sustainable; and if it is balanced, that is, being fair to all groups, it would be inclusive. Michelle and Paula (2012) have proposed that inclusive development is possible through a community-based strategy. This approach is bedeviled with difficulties which conversational thinking overcomes. Conversational thinking is a new approach in philosophical cogitation developed from the African place, but universally relevant. Its significance lies in the fact that it recognises the relevance of contending variables in a given project, and creates room for their creative engagement that opens new vistas for thought, concepts and interactions. Conversational thinking prioritises relationships that exist among development variables or groups designated as either nwansa (out-group) or nwanju (in-group) and purveys strategies for making such relationships constructive and balanced. In highlighting the importance of cultivating constructive and balanced relationships and sustaining the same, I appeal to conversational philosophy as the needed pathway for the implementation of the ideals of sustainable-inclusive development in Africa-China relations. My methods will be expository, prescriptive and analytic. Keywords: Sustainability, Inclusive Development, Conversational Thinking, Chimakonam, Africa-China Relations.
Inclusive development: some perspectives from African communitarian philosophy
Authors: Mosima Pius M. 
Published: May 2019

In this paper, I argue that traditional African communitarian values such as togetherness, mutual cooperation and solidarity are more consistent with the social structure and the political organization of many traditional societies in Africa and could be a veritable framework for implementing a program of inclusive development. I establish that African communitarian values take into consideration the contributions of all stakeholders, including the poor, vulnerable, and the marginalized in a bid to address development issues. I also provide strong reasons for implementing communitarian strategies of togetherness, solidarity and mutual cooperation which support mutual interdependence and could promote inclusive development in Africa. I draw examples from traditional African ethic with communitarian values salient among small self-governing communities, and reflect on the ethic / politics of consensus in light of important developmental challenges facing the world today. I draw the conclusion that a critical and creative reevaluation of the communitarian values may help Africans and the rest of humanity in meeting the challenges of inclusive development. Keywords: Inequality, Inclusive Development, Liberalism, African Communitarianism, Ontology, Wellbeing, African Socialism
Influence of ENSO and MJO on the zonal structure of tropical tropopause inversion layer using high-resolution temperature profiles retrieved from COSMIC GPS Radio Occultation
Authors:   Noersomadi, Tsuda Toshitaka , Fujiwara Masatomo 
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Using COSMIC GPS Radio Occultation (RO) observations from
January 2007 to December 2016, we retrieved temperature profiles with the
height resolution of about 0.1 km in the upper troposphere and lower
stratosphere (UTLS). We investigated the distribution of static stability
(N2) and the zonal structure of the tropopause inversion layer (TIL) in
the tropics, where a large change in the temperature gradient occurs associated
with sharp variations in N2. We show the variations in the mean N2
profiles in coordinates relative to the cold-point tropopause (CPT). A very
thin (<1 km) layer is found with average maximum N2 in the
range of 11.0–12.0×10-4 s−2. The mean and standard
deviation of TIL sharpness, defined as the difference between the maximum
N2 (max⁡N2) and minimum N2 (min⁡N2)
within ±1 km of the CPT, is (10.5±3.7)×10-4 s−2. The max⁡N2 is typically located within 0.5 km above CPT. We focused on the variation in TIL sharpness in two longitude regions,
90–150∘ E (Maritime Continent; MC) and 170–230∘ E
(Pacific Ocean; PO), with different land–sea distribution. Seasonal
variations in TIL sharpness and thickness were related to the deep convective
activity represented by low outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) during the
Australian and Asian monsoons. The deviation from the mean sharpness
(sharpness anomaly) was out of phase with the OLR anomaly in both the MC and
PO. The correlation between the sharpness anomaly over the MC and PO and the sea
surface temperature (SST) Niño 3.4 index was −0.66 and +0.88,
respectively. During La Niña (SST Niño 3.4 <-0.5 K) in the MC and
El Niño (SST Niño 3.4 >+0.5 K) in the PO, warmer SSTs in the MC
and PO produce more active deep convection that tends to force the air upward
to the tropopause layer and increase the temperature gradient there. The
intraseasonal variation in sharpness anomaly during slow and fast episodes
of the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) demonstrates that eastward
propagation of the positive sharpness anomaly is associated with organized deep
convection. Deep convection during MJO will tend to decrease N2 below
CPT and increase N2 above CPT, thus enlarging the TIL sharpness. Convective
activity in the tropics is a major control on variations in tropopause
sharpness at intraseasonal to interannual timescales.
ANAIS DO 1º ENCONTRO DE SAÚDE COLETIVA
Authors: Universidade Federal do Paraná UFPR 
Published: May 2019

As propostas de ensino-aprendizagem centradas na pesquisa dos fatores determinantes e condicionantes da saúde/doença são capazes de impulsionar relevantes mudanças nos direcionamentos da assistência individual e coletiva. Visando potencializar este movimento de transformação, o Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva realizou o Encontro de Saúde Coletiva, em Curitiba, na Universidade Federal do Paraná, no período de 09 a 10 de dezembro de 2016 e teve como tema “A Pesquisa na Saúde Coletiva”. Este evento constituiu um espaço privilegiado de incentivo à produção científica na área e divulgação dos conhecimentos produzidos no Paraná, contribuindo para a formação de recursos humanos e o aprimoramento dos cuidados em saúde, por meio de trocas de experiências e possibilidades de parcerias com pesquisadores regionais e nacionais. Comissão Organizadora1º Encontro de Saúde Coletiva: A Pesquisa na Saúde ColetivaCuritiba, dezembro de 2016.
Introducing the physician associate role in Ireland: Evaluation of a hospital based pilot project
Authors: Joyce Pauline , Hooker Roderick S. , Woodmansee Denni , DK Hill Arnold 
Published: May 2019

Objective: Ireland has medical workforce challenges and a growing demand for services. One strategy is to include Physician Associates (PAs) in healthcare settings. A pilot study was undertaken with PAs recruited from North America and the United Kingdom to work in a large Dublin teaching hospital.Methods: Four PAs were deployed on surgical services. Communication with the hospital staff preceded their employment. A series of interviews were undertaken at the beginning [2015] and end [2017] of the project. Data collection included surveys and interviews with staff and PAs.Results: Despite a series of communications about the employment of PAs a lack of awareness among hospital staff prevailed. This presented a challenge for the PAs to assume their role and for staff to bring them on board. Once on board those staff who worked with the PAs found their role beneficial in terms of continuity of care and skillset. Recommendations for inclusion of PAs in any new employment should include a more robust stakeholder engagement and promulgation throughout the wider healthcare system.Conclusion: Attitudes about the adoption of the PA have come slowly when first introduced in a country and Ireland seems no exception. At the same time communication lessons were learned about introducing a new health provider role in Irish society.
Generalized Vandermonde determinants for reversing Taylor's formula and application to hypoellipticity
Authors: Donno Giuseppe De 
Published: May 2019

The problem of the hypoellipticity of the linear partial differential operators with constant coefficients was completely solved by H"{o}r-man-der in [5]. He listed many equivalent algebraic conditions on the polynomial symbol of the operator, each necessary and sufficient for hypoellipticity. In this paper we employ two Mitchell's Theorems (1881) regarding a type of Generalized Vandermonde Determinants, for inverting Taylor's formula of polynomials in several variables with complex coefficients. We obtain then a more direct and easy proof of an
equivalence for the mentioned H"{o}r-man-der's hypoellipticity conditions.