bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scaffolding learning through reflection: Finnish language students recycling, negotiating, and reinterpreting instructions in a portfolio assignment
Authors: Räsänen Elisa 
Published: November 2024

Students’ everyday life interactions in the wild are an important resource for their language learning, and reflection helps in utilizing the learning potential of these experiences. Students need scaffolding to benefit from reflection, and task design must support learners’ agency. These requirements suggest a need to examine and develop such reflection tasks. This paper examines a portfolio task developed by the teacher-researcher to enhance students’ learning in the wild as part of an U.S. university-level Finnish Studies program. Drawing on nexus analysis and using discourse analysis, the paper maps and analyzes how phrases from the instructions circulate to the subsequent reflections, and what the implications of this circulation are for the discourses created as well as for learning. The analysis reveals how the students recycle, negotiate, and reinterpret phrases from the original task, and how the task scaffolds the reflections. Pedagogical implications focus on how the task can be developed. The author advocates for the use of nexus analysis in teacher research to bridge research practice with task development and instructional change. As part of their training, pre-service teachers are recommended to collect and analyze student data to study the implications of the learning tasks they develop and use.
Luokanopettajaopiskelijat kielellisiä havaintojaan selittämässä
Authors: Hankala Mari , Torvelainen Päivi , Aalto Eija , Kauppinen Merja , Mustonen Sanna , Tarnanen Mirja 
Published: November 2024

In light of previous research, it is important to examine class teachers’ perceptions of language so that we can develop pedagogical practices to evoke pupils’ interest and enthusiasm towards the language. In this article, we study what student teachers perceive about language and how they conceptualise their perceptions. We examined 264 student teachers’ interpretations of two sentences with different ambiguities and a nonsense sentence. The data were analysed using both theory- and data-driven qualitative content analysis. The results showed that many students already had a high level of metalinguistic competence: they perceived the ambiguity of the sentences, approached the nonsense sentence with relevant concepts and were able to explicate their linguistic deduction. However, some of the students had challenges, for example in using metalanguage, or they perceived the sentences mainly from a normative perspective. The results can be utilized in developing teaching practices in teacher education and in enhancing the language awareness of student teachers.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP PENGKAJIAN STUDI ISLAM PADA GENERASI Z
Authors: Al Hamidi Muhammad Fauzi , Fitriyah Alfina Wildatul , Yaturrochmah Naili , Istiqomah Fina Zaidatul , Putra Metria Dicky 
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak penggunaan teknologi AI, penggunaan teknologi AI, dan kendala yang timbul dalam penggunaan teknologi AI sebagai sarana pembelajaran agama Islam bagi generasi Z. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif dengan jenis studi kepustakaan. Sumber data utama diperoleh dari data pustaka dan sumber data pendukung diperoleh dari hasil angket pada generasi Z. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik dokumentasi dan angket serta dianalisis dengan model analisis Mels dan Huberman meliputi reduksi data, penyajian hasil reduksi, dan penyajian kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa teknologi AI telah menjadi topik penelitian terbaru dan dikaji dalam berbagai aspek antara lain. Penggunaan teknologi artificial intelligence (AI) dalam mempelajari kajian Islam secara digital memiliki dampak kualitas terhadap kehidupan spiritual generasi Z. Penggunaan teknologi AI dalam pembelajaran agama Islam bukan sebagai sumber rujukan utama, melainkan sebagai sarana pendukung, alat bantu. Kendala dalam penggunaan teknologi AI meliputi kendala internal dimana generasi Z menjadi ketergantungan pada teknologi dan kendala eksternal seperti kurangnya keakuratan informasi agama dan keterbatasan akses teknologi. Kendala tersebut perlu diperhatikan demi menunjang proses pembelajaran agama Islam pada generasi Z.
Roles of Individual Institutions in Achieving Pharmaceutical Sovereignty as Exemplified by the Medical Technology Transfer Centre of the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products
Authors: Koshevenko A. S. , Degrave T. V. , Burenkov P. V. , Belanov K. Yu. , Kosenko V. V. 
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION. The strengthening of the health system and the improvement of access to medicines directly depend on the development and marketing authorisation of national innovative medicinal products. Technology transfer is a key tool in bringing medicinal products to market.AIM. This study aimed to evaluate the role of the Medical Technology Transfer Centre of the Federal State Budgetary Institution ‘Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products’ of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBI ‘SCEEMP’) in facilitating the implementation of federal projects in medical science and in achieving of pharmaceutical sovereignty.DISCUSSION. This article is an overview of the main trends in and features of the development of the pharmaceutical industry in the Russian Federation and around the world. The article highlights significant federal decisions made to attain pharmaceutical sovereignty and improve access to medicines for the population. The authors consider documents regulating the work of the Medical Technology Transfer Centre and outline its roles and responsibilities. Additionally, the authors analyse the ability of the Medical Technology Transfer Centre to provide project support throughout the medicinal product development process and to address issues pertaining to efficient pharmaceutical development, patent law, and product commercialisation. The article assesses the role of the Medical Technology Transfer Centre in the development of the pharmaceutical industry in the Russian Federation.CONCLUSIONS. The Medical Technology Transfer Centre supports projects as part of efforts to implement federal projects in human medical science. The Medical Technology Transfer Centre can be considered a driver of effective innovative development in the national pharmaceutical industry.
Elements of Strategic Planning of Patent Protection for Pharmaceutical Inventions
Authors: Anikeeva M. Yu. , Gorbunova Yu. A. , Pikina N. A. 
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION. The commercial success of innovations in medicine and pharmaceutics depends on the strategic planning of patent protection, with the main elements for consideration being the type of patent protection, the scope of the invention, and the order of obtaining protection documents.AIM. This study aimed to analyse specific aspects of the strategic planning of patent protection for pharmaceutical inventions.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study applied analysis and comparison methods to patent information. Statistical data were prepared using patent databases, including the Rospatent search platform and Questel.RESULTS. In the Russian Federation, invention patents for methods of treatment and diagnosis are more abundant than pharmaceutical product patents. The most reasonable method for protecting intellectual property rights in the pharmaceutical industry is the stepwise obtaining of different types of protection documents for different objects of patent protection, including inventions, utility models, and industrial designs, as part of one project. The strategy of patent protection for a pharmaceutical invention should consider the type of patent (protection combining the use of patents for inventions, utility models, and industrial designs), the correct determination of the object of patent protection (obtaining a product (substance) patent), and stepwise obtaining and strategic accumulation of different protection documents.CONCLUSION. The described strategy helps to cover the fullest possible range of rights protection options, prevent patent infringement, and extend the patent protection period for an invention.
Kinetic Bacterial Endotoxin Testing Methods: Specifics of Analytical Conditions Exemplified by Medicinal Products from Different Classes
Authors: Shapovalova О. V. , Neugodova N. P. , Sapozhnikova G. A. 
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION. Kinetic bacterial endotoxin (BE) testing methods based on amoebocyte lysate from the haemolymph of the horseshoe crab can quantify BEs in parenteral medicinal products across a broad range of concentrations. To develop a specific analytical procedure that is based on these methods and can be implemented into pharmaceutical quality control and standardisation, it is required to ascertain the conditions for its use, in particular, to determine the lowest product dilution that would neutralise interfering factors.AIM. This study aimed to develop an analytical procedure for the quantitative determination of BEs by the kinetic chromogenic method.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study examined samples of medicinal products containing active substances from different classes, including a monoclonal antibody (mepolizumab) and a direct-acting anticoagulant (nadroparin). The BE limits for mepolizumab and nadroparin were ≤20 EU/mL and ≤95 EU/mL, respectively. The samples were tested at different dilutions, which did not exceed the maximum valid dilution. The measurements were performed using a BioТek EL×800 photocolourimeter and EndoScan-V software.RESULTS. The results for mepolizumab samples show that the kinetic chromogenic method can quantify BEs in mepolizumab medicinal products in the dilution range of 1:10 to 1:40. The study detected BEs in quantities of 0.0078–0.224 EU/mL within this dilution range. However, at a dilution ratio of 1:50 or higher, the method is suitable only for qualitative BE tests. For nadroparin medicinal products, the quantitative determination of BEs should start at a dilution of 1:1000 (the study demonstrated no influence of interfering factors at this dilution).CONCLUSIONS. The authors developed analytical procedures for the determination of BEs in mepolizumab and nadroparin medicinal products by the kinetic chromogenic method (method D). When developing analytical procedures for the quantification of BEs in individual medicinal products, the developer should determine the lowest sample dilution that would neutralise interfering factors. Subsequently, the dilution should be specified in the documentation for the analytical procedure. This approach can enhance assay accuracy and save time and resources in routine testing.
Development and Validation of an Analytical Procedure for Determining Convallatoxin in Medicinal Products Containing Cardiac Glycosides of Lily of the Valley
Authors: Golomazova T. A. , Antonova N. P. , Semenova N. E. , Shefer E. P. , Prokhvatilova S. S. 
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION. The safe use of lily-of-the-valley medicinal products requires adequately controlling the content of cardiac glycosides. The State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation stipulates that the content of cardiac glycosides in lily-of-the-valley medicinal products should be quantified using bioassays and spectrophotometry. However, the determination of cardiac glycosides needs more accurate and selective physicochemical methods, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).AIM. This study aimed to develop and validate an HPLC analytical procedure for the quantitative determination of cardiac glycosides (convallatoxin) in lily-of-the-valley herbal medicinal products.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study examined the Lily-of-the-Valley Tincture, Zelenin Drops, Valocormid, Carniland®, and Lily-of-the-Valley Extract Reference Standard samples. The content of cardiac glycosides was determined by comparison with a reference standard for convallatoxin by HPLC and spectrophotometry. The samples were prepared as outlined in Monograph 3.4.0003.18 Lily-of-the-Valley Herb Tincture of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation. Mixed cardiac glycosides were separated on a Luna 5 µm C18(2) column by gradient elution with 0.1% orthophosphoric acid in water and acetonitrile. The analysis was performed using an autoinjector with sample cooling to 5 °C.RESULTS. The developed analytical procedure met the acceptance criteria for specificity, intermediate precision, linearity (correlation coefficient of 0.99985), and repeatability (relative standard deviation of convallatoxin measurements of 1.61%). The analytical procedure is suitable for the quantitative determination of convallatoxin in lily-of-the-valley herbal medicinal products because it produces reliable and repeatable results.CONCLUSIONS. The authors developed a highly sensitive and selective HPLC analytical procedure for the quantitative determination of convallatoxin in lily-of-the-valley herbal medicinal products. The content of convallatoxin ranged from 0.012 to 0.018 mg/mL in the liquid active substance Lily-of-the-Valley Tincture, from 0.004 to 0.013 mg/mL in the medicinal product Zelenin Drops, and from 0.005 to 0.007 mg/mL in the medicinal products Carniland® and Valocormid. For the Lily-of-the-Valley Extract Reference Standard, the content of convallatoxin amounted to 0.029 mg/mL.
Experience in the Examination of Bioequivalence Clinical Trials of Locally Applied and Locally Acting Medicinal Products in Accordance with the Eurasian Economic Union Procedures
Authors: Ivanova O. Yu. , Shikhovtsova O. L. 
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION. The examination of protocols for clinical trials of locally applied and locally acting medicinal products highlights challenges that developers face when selecting the design, endpoints, population, comparison groups, and sample size. An analysis of the most common errors in clinical trial protocols will help minimise the number of comments from protocol reviewers and accelerate the process of bringing novel medicinal products to the pharmaceutical market.AIM. This study aimed to analyse the results of evaluating clinical trials of locally applied and locally acting medicinal products conducted with due consideration of the recent additions to the Rules for Conducting Bioequivalence Studies of Medicinal Products within the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU); assess the main advantages of the added requirements and the challenges remaining in protocol development; and make recommendations for the most effective application of existing laws and regulations.DISCUSSION. The Rules for Conducting Bioequivalence Studies of Medicinal Products within the EAEU were supplemented with Appendices 11, 12, and 13 in August 2023. Since then, protocol reviewers have accumulated sufficient experience in the examination of clinical trial protocols for locally applied and locally acting medicinal products. This article presents the most frequent comments made during the examination of clinical trial protocols and provides recommendations for corrective actions. The most challenging aspects of drafting a protocol for a clinical trial of a locally applied and locally acting medicinal product include the selection and justification of primary/secondary endpoints and the calculation and justification of the population size. The difficulty is probably due to the lack of a detailed description of study characteristics in EAEU laws and regulations. Locally applied and locally acting corticosteroids are the least challenging medicinal products in terms of protocol drafting because EAEU legislation and scientific publications provide the most detailed guidance for them.CONCLUSIONS. The analysis of protocols for clinical trials of locally applied and locally acting medicinal products, relevant EAEU requirements, and applicable international guidelines identified several major challenges, including the selection of primary/secondary endpoints, the characterisation of the trial population, and the justification of the sample size. The recommendations presented in this article will help applicants in planning clinical trials aimed at accelerating the launch of medicinal products into the pharmaceutical market.
Changes in heart rate variability and subclinical heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction in workers of the main professions at the coal industry
Authors: Martynov Ilya D. , Korotenko Olga Yu. , Filimonov Egor S. , Rumpel Olesya A. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction. The high prevalence of diseases of the circulatory system necessitates their detection and prevention at an early stage, especially in regions with high industrial potential. The occurrence of subclinical heart failure depends on a cascade of processes that are already occurring in the body and may eventually manifest themselves in clinically pronounced diseases. One of the possible mechanisms of its development is a violation of the balance of the autonomic nervous system with a violation of adaptive capabilities to the labour process, characterized by severe physical overloads among miners.
The study aims to evaluate changes in heart rate variability in workers of the main professions at the coal industry with signs of heart failure with a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction.
Materials and methods. The study included 78 employees of the main professions at the coal industry. Specialists performed ultrasound examination of the heart according to generally accepted methods with the study of longitudinal deformation of the myocardium. The concentration of NT-proBNP in the blood serum was determined by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. The authors also conducted an analysis of heart rate variability, determined temporal, spectral and linear parameters.
Results. Specialists revealed a decrease in longitudinal myocardial deformation in 38.5% of the examined patients, signs of diastolic dysfunction in 41%; in these groups, a tendency to increase the concentration of NT-proBNP was revealed. In the examined miners with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, they revealed a significant decrease in the SDNN index and an increase in IC values. The increase in DFA and LF/HF indicators reflects a vegetative imbalance towards sympathetic activation observed in all surveyed miners.
Limitations. This study is limited to a sample of employees of the main professions of the coal industry undergoing periodic medical examination at the Research Institute of Complex Problems of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases.
Conclusion. The revealed relationship between indicators of heart failure and heart rate variability (SDNN, LF/HF, DFA and IC) in miners allows us to identify a group of people at greatest risk of adverse outcomes.
Ethics. The study was conducted in compliance with the standards of the Bioethical Committee of the Research Institute of Complex Problems of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases, established in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association "Ethical Principles of Conducting medical Research with human participation as a subject" as amended in 2013 and the "Rules of Good Clinical Practice" approved by Order No. 200n of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated 04/01/2016. The subjects signed an informed consent to participate in the study.
Digital Artistry: Exploring Techniques and Trends in Indian Art and Culture
Authors: Singh Khushboo 
Published: November 2024

From prehistoric cave paintings to contemporary digital creations, art has been integral to human expression throughout history. Digital art in modern art gradually includes various forms, such as Painting, sculpture and animation, using technology as its medium. Digital art includes any artistic work using digital technology, including Painting, 3D modelling, and interactive installations. It combines human creativity with computer technology, expanding the possibilities of creative expression. Studying digital artistry in India provides insights into cultural preservation, technological innovation, and social commentary. It promotes educational development and economic opportunities, contributing to the country's vibrant artistic scene. Technological advancements have democratized digital art creation in India, leading to diverse artistic expressions. Integrating digital art with emerging technologies like AR, VR, and NFTs opens up new possibilities for artistic exploration and dissemination. Digital art techniques include digital Painting, vector art, and 3D modelling, facilitated by hardware such as graphics tablets and software such as Adobe Creative Cloud. Brushes, textures and plugins enhance the creative process, while photo manipulation and 3D sculpting provide new avenues for artistic expression. Digital artistry in India offers insights into cultural dynamism, technological innovation and artistic development. This research paper delves into the evolving landscape of digital artistry in India, exploring various techniques, trends, and the socio-cultural impact of digital art in the country.
Citizen Involvement during the CRTC’s Let’s Talk TV Consultation
Authors: Luka Mary Elizabeth , Middleton Catherine A. 
Published: November 2024

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<p>The authors analyze citizen engagement efforts undertaken by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) between 2013 and 2015, under the aegis of the Let’s Talk TV (LTTV) initiative. They explore whether and how input provided by citizen-consumers during LTTV demonstrates activism through engagements in policy discussions. The article first delineates the timing and scope of activities conducted by the Canadian regulator to involve individual Canadians in reshaping digital television services. The CRTC’s early decisions are then compared to the authors’ analyses of input from hundreds of people invited to answer the CRTC’s general questions online. Comparing the decisions made to date with citizen-consumer responses, the article points to contradictions and disconnects between the authors’ findings and the CRTC’s initial decisions.</p>
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Pengaruh Pendekatan Pembelajaran STEAM terhadap Kemampuan Numerasi Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun
Authors: Shaka Dita Istiqomah , Nyimas Atika  , Indah Dwi Sartika  , Desvi Wahyuni  
Published: November 2024

This research aims to determine the effect of the STEAM learning approach on the numeracy abilities of children aged 4-5 years. This type of research is a quantitative experimental research method, Pre-Experimental Design, by trialing the STEAM learning approach in class. This research design is One Group Pre-test – Post-test Design, in the form of a children's worksheet which contains children's understanding of numeracy. The population of this study was 12 children from group A. Data collection techniques include documentation, observation & test techniques. Data analysis techniques in this research use validity tests, reliability, normality, homogeneity, and t-hypothesis tests. Based on the results of research that has been conducted, there is a significant influence on the numeracy abilities of children aged 4-5 years on indicators of counting using numbers, measuring, sorting, and patterns. Apart from that, it is shown by tcount = 26.741 while t table = 2.178. Because count> table (26.741>2.178), the conclusion is that Ha is accepted & H0 is rejected, which means there is a significant influence of implementing the STEAM learning approach on the numeracy abilities of children. This research implies that the STEAM learning approach is very appropriate for children aged 4-5 years because it can teach children to think and problem-solve, including numeracy abilities.