bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leading Edge Online Classroom Education: Incorporating Best Practices Beyond Technology
Authors: Wilson Stefanie D. 
Published: February 2019

Educators often struggle with delivering top-notch online courses that create a climate for a fulfilling classroom experience, provide content that translates into immediate action and application, and blends relevance, rigor and a personal touch to the classroom setting. Based on research studies of human intelligence also known as multiple intelligences by cognitive scientist Howard Gardner, and secondary sources focused on functions of management, the art and science of using technology and multiple intelligence practices to deliver leading edge online classroom education is examined. Furthermore, this empirical study through a lens of instructing and observing as a teacher and administrator, over 80 online courses comprised of learners seeking undergraduate, graduate and doctoral degrees during 18 years at public and private universities, explores a myriad of implications resulting from using technologies to deliver stellar online classroom education to include: (a) human psychology, (b) medium, (c) information, and (d) instructional design. The article concludes with a perspective on the challenges and opportunities of using technologies to deliver leading edge online classroom education. The content can be used to assist current and future educators with developing or strengthening the online classroom using technologies and incorporating multiple intelligence practices for a more fulfilling classroom experience.
When Leadership Fails – A View From The Lens Of Four Employees
Authors: Barnes Laurie L. , Spangenburg Janice M. 
Published: February 2019

Leadership is a concept that has been used for decades and despite what we know about it there are many things left to the unknown. We must keep moving forward to search for answers as we seek to explain the many failures that exist today. For centuries, reports of lackluster and even abusive leadership in organizations have continued to be a negative force in organizations, adversely impacting culture and overall performance. Amid the challenges facing leaders as well as the necessity for rapid and continuous change in the organization, we see the development of many problems and consequent ails that need to be addressed. We are often left with supervisors that abuse without regard for the breakdown of loyalty, job satisfaction and the development of a solid and rich culture that can support thriving and positive organizational outcomes. This has been captured in the voices and experiences of individuals interviewed for this qualitative case study analysis, demonstrating the continued impact of leadership in modern day organizations and well as addressing the perplexing question of how to distinguish who would or would not be a best fit for leadership positions in today’s organizations. Despite years of research, theory and analysis, perhaps the greatest insight is gained through the lens of the employee.
Razones y Contenido de un Plan de Empleo para Personas con Problemas Graves de Salud Mental
Authors: Tejada Carlos de F.Gª-R. de 
Published: February 2019

En el artículo se propone que las personas con problemas graves de salud mental sea uno de los colectivos incluidos dentro del próximo Plan Nacional de Acción para la Inclusión y que, por ello, pueda disfrutar de estrategias específicas de inserción sociolaboral. En la actualidad, se encuentran en parte incorporadas dentro del conjunto de las personas con discapacidad pero debido a que muchas de aquéllas no tienen el reconocimiento legal de la discapacidad se propone diferenciarlas en alguna medida como grupo social muy necesitado de apoyos y recursos.
Se exponen las razones que justifican esta propuesta y el posible contenido que podría albergar un plan de empleo específico para el colectivo.
Régimen de Inversiones (Intra)Regionales en la Alianza del Pacífico y en el Mercosur, una Aproximación Comparativa
Authors: Zúñiga Jaime Gallegos , Lazo Rodrigo Polanco 
Published: February 2019

El presente informe busca exponer los distintos criterios con los cuales se ha abordado la inversión extranjera en América Latina mediante el análisis los instrumentos intrarregionales que pretenden guiar este tipo de flujos de capitales, el capítulo de inversiones del Protocolo de Cartagena, de 2014, y el Protocolo de Buenos Aires, de 2017, en la Alianza del Pacífico y en el Mercosur, respectivamente.
Los referidos textos presentan diferencias significativas que, obedecen al distinto tratamiento que se le da a la inversión foránea, configurándose un marco que podemos denominar como “tradicional” al interior de los países de la Alianza del Pacífico, y un escenario regulatorio que mantiene muchas mayores prerrogativas a los Estados receptores, en el caso del Mercosur, especialmente por fuerte el influjo de Brasil, y su particular modelo de tratamiento del capital exógeno.
El entender las lógicas que sostienen estos dos sistemas resulta relevante, habida cuenta de que paulatinamente han ido creciendo las inversiones dentro del plano regional, lo que puede hacer avizorar que, tarde o temprano, se generarán conflictos, como también por las iniciativas destinadas a la convergencia de estos dos esquemas de integración dentro del continente, que se desarrollan, a su vez, dentro de un período de cuestionamiento y reformulación global del Derecho internacional de las inversiones extranjeras.
Construcción de comunidades colaborativas desde el diseño y el emprendimiento endógeno
Authors: Ospina Ramírez David Arturo 
Published: February 2019

Rev.esc.adm.neg
Este artículo visibiliza algunos de los resultados de un proyecto que buscó indagar por el desarrollo de comunidades colaborativas aplicando técnicas del diseño participativo; permitiendo la emergencia de emprendimientos sociales desde la resignificación de lo que implica emprender en comunidades locales, tomando recursos del diseño, el arte y los diálogos generativos. Este documento se centra en los aportes del diseño endógeno, es decir, el diseño que nace desde la misma comunidad y que facilita la construcción de lazos fuertes y colaborativos entre los artesanos, resignificando el emprendimiento, haciendo especial énfasis en los recursos propios de la comunidad, para la identificación de caminos posibles y el fortalecimiento de sus lazos relacionales. La metodología de la investigación se basó en la investigación-acción participativa, lo que permitió intervenir la comunidad y desde la hermenéutica comprensiva, comprender las maneras en que el diseño y el emprendimiento han favorecido el desarrollo de la misma.
Desempeño financiero empresarial del sector agropecuario: un análisis comparativo entre Colombia y Brasil -2011-2015-
Authors: Gil León José Mauricio , Cruz Vásquez José Luis , Lemus Vergara Andrea Yaelt 
Published: February 2019

Rev.esc.adm.neg
Este artículo tiene como objetivo identificar las diferencias en rentabilidad empresarial de las empresas del sector agropecuaria de Brasil y Colombia entre 2011 y 2015. Por tanto, se condiciona la explicación a que la rentabilidad de las empresas está asociada a la acumulación de capital y a la concentración de mercado, por lo que es necesario entender que el capital se acumula cuando ocurre mayor financiamiento externo, aunque esto depende del nivel de competencia de mercado. Los datos utilizados provienen de la base EMIS, y con estos se identifica que las empresas del sector agropecuario de Colombia tienen menores niveles de rentabilidad empresarial que las de Brasil, por la menor capacidad de acceder a apalancamiento para permitir su expansión.
Development of Acid Fracturing Model for Naturally Fractured Reservoirs
Authors: Ugursal A.. , Zhu D.. , Hill A. D. 
Published: February 2019

Summary
During an acid fracturing treatment in a carbonate reservoir, acid is injected into the formation, thus creating hydraulic fractures and opening existing natural fractures. As the acid flows into natural fractures that intersect hydraulic fractures (main fractures), it etches the walls of the natural fractures, which then increases the natural fractures’ width and generates conductivity. On the other hand, because of the increased acid leakoff into natural fractures, the acid volume in the main fracture decreases, resulting in less conductivity for the main fracture. Existing acid fracturing models estimate the fracture conductivity by assuming that the acid flows and reacts in the hydraulic fractures only. To accurately predict the performance of acid fracturing in naturally fractured carbonate reservoirs, the acid etching of natural fractures should be taken into account when calculating the overall fracture conductivity.
A model was developed to predict the acid fracturing performance in naturally fractured reservoirs. The model assumed that the main fracture was intersected by transverse symmetric natural fractures. The model simulated the acid transport, acid/rock reaction, fracture width increase resulting from etching of the fracture walls, and acid leakoff through natural fractures. The model also assumed that the flow (into natural fractures) and the leakoff were pressure–dependent and were changing with time. The conductivity calculation was based on the previously developed correlation that accounts for the heterogeneous nature of carbonate rock.
The effect of the natural fractures’ geometry on leakoff and created fracture conductivity was investigated. The results showed that length and dynamic width, as well as the natural–fracture spacing, played a significant role in defining the leakoff rate and the conductivity of the hydraulic fracture and the natural fractures. It was also found that the position of the natural fractures along the hydraulic–fracture length affected the etching of the natural fractures and the resultant conductivity.
The aim of the model is to enable better prediction of the acid fracture conductivity for naturally fractured carbonate reservoirs and improve the feasibility of acid fracturing applications for this type of formation.
Evaluating Technical Efficiency of Firms of Different Sizes: A Case Study of Nigerian Upstream Players
Authors: Idowu Adekunle J. , Iledare Omowunmi O. , Dada Bamidele G. 
Published: February 2019

Summary
Technological advancements in the exploration and production (E&P) of oil and gas have been on the increase worldwide in recent decades. Nigeria, being one of the major oil and gas producers in the world, has become a hub of international oil and gas investors since the early 1960s. Nigeria hosts more than 80 oil and gas companies in its upstream sector, including international oil companies (IOCs), indigenous oil companies (IndOCs), marginal-field operators (MFOs). and a national oil company (NOC). However, there is an increasing concern from policy makers over scanty quantitative information on the relative technical efficiency (RTE) of these operators for effective upstream performance analysis. This paper attempts to cover this gap by providing estimates of the RTE index for upstream operators in Nigeria from 2010 to 2016. An output-oriented data-envelopment-analysis (DEA) framework is adopted that is based on constant-return-to-scale (CRTS) assumptions. For a CRTS-DEA model (cDEA model), three input and two output variables were considered. Empirical results show that approximately 19% of the operators perform along the CRTS efficient-production frontier. Consequently, it is recommended that policy makers formulate upstream policies that encourage aggressive reserves growth and ensure an optimal reserves/production ratio.
Presence of emerging contaminants in urban water bodies in southern Brazil
Authors: Ghesti Pivetta Glaucia , do Carmo Cauduro Gastaldini Maria 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The presence of pharmaceutical and hormone residues in water bodies is a matter of recent global concern. This study investigated the presence of such contaminants in two urban water bodies located in the city of Santa Maria, in southern Brazil. Two urban catchments, characterized by anthropogenic influences and poor household waste collection and treatment systems, were investigated. The Cancela-Tamandaí catchment covers an area of 2.7 km2, 50% of which is impervious soil, and is home to 14,300 inhabitants. The João Goulart catchment area covers 5.5 km2, 40% of which is impervious soil, and houses 11,900 inhabitants. Ten sampling campaigns were conducted in each catchment. Samples were checked for diclofenac, ibuprofen, paracetamol, 17 β-estradiol, estriol, ethisterone, estrone, and megestrol acetate. Four of the hormones (17 β-estradiol, estriol, estrone, and megestrol acetate) were not detected in either catchment. Ethisterone was detected in a single sampling campaign in Cancela-Tamandaí. Ibuprofen and paracetamol were detected in several samples, while diclofenac was absent. The mean concentration of ibuprofen in the João Goulart catchment was 0.51 μg L−1 and in the Cancela-Tamandaí it was 1.26 μg L−1. Mean paracetamol concentrations were 0.4 μg L−1 in the João Goulart catchment and 3.0 μg L−1 in the Cancela-Tamandaí.
This article has been made Open Access thanks to the generous support of a global network of libraries as part of the Knowledge Unlatched Select initiative.
2D AND 3D-QSAR ANALYSIS OF AMINO (3-((3, 5-DIFLUORO-4-METHYL-6-PHENOXYPYRIDINE-2-YL) OXY) PHENYL) METHANIMINIUM DERIVATIVES AS FACTOR XA INHIBITOR
Authors: Suhane Smita , Nerkar A. G. , Modi Kumud , Sawant Sanjay D. 
Published: February 2019

Objective: The main objective of the present study was to evolve a novel pharmacophore of methaniminium derivatives as factor Xa inhibitors by developing best 2D and 3D QSAR models.
The models were developed for amino (3-((3, 5-difluoro-4-methyl-6-phenoxypyridine-2-yl) oxy) phenyl) methaniminium derivatives as factor Xa inhibitors.
Methods: With the help of Marvin application, 2D structures of thirty compounds of methaniminium derivatives were drawn and consequently converted to 3D structures. 2D QSAR using multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis and PLS regression method was performed with the help of molecular design suite VLife MDS 4.3.3. 3D QSAR analysis was carried out using k-Nearest Neighbour Molecular Field Analysis (k-NN-MFA).
Results: The most significant 2D models of methaniminium derivatives calculated squared correlation coefficient value 0.8002 using multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis. Partial Least Square (PLS) regression method was also employed. The results of both the methods were compared. In 2D QSAR model, T_C_O_5, T_2_O_2, s log p, T_2_O_1 and T_2_O_6 descriptors were found significant.
The best 3D QSAR model with k-Nearest Neighbour Molecular Field Analysis have predicted q2 value 0.8790, q2_se value 0.0794, pred r2 value 0.9340 and pred_r2 se value 0.0540. The stepwise regression method was employed for anticipating the inhibitory activity of this class of compound. The 3D model demonstrated that hydrophobic, electrostatic and steric descriptors exhibit a crucial role in determining the inhibitory activity of this class of compounds.
Conclusion: The developed 2D and 3D QSAR models have shown good r2 and q2 values of 0.8002 and 0.8790 respectively. There is high agreement in inhibitory properties of experimental and predicted values, which suggests that derived QSAR models have good predicting properties.
The contour plots of 3D QSAR (k-NN-MFA) method furnish additional information on the relationship between the structure of the compound and their inhibitory activities which can be employed to construct newer potent factor Xa inhibitors.
ANTISICKLING ACTIVITY EVALUATION OF FRACTIONS OBTAINED FROM WHOLE EXTRACTS OF NEWBOULDIA LAEVIS P. BEAUV (BIGNONIACEAE)
Authors: Dermane Affo , Kpegba Kafui , Metowogo Kossi , Joppa M. Kossi , Aklikokou A. Kodjo 
Published: February 2019

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the fractions from whole extracts of roots and stem barks of Newbouldia laevis and their effect on sickling.
Methods: Hydroethanolic extracts of stem barks and roots of Newbouldia laevis were fractionated by the technics of cold precipitation in ethanol. The fractions obtained after phytochemical screening were subjected to Emmel test to evaluate their anti-sickling activity. Active fractions were tested for DPPH and AAPH assay (AAPH induced membrane lipoperoxidation and evaluation of reduction of hemolysis).
Results: Two fractions were obtained from each whole extract: supernatant and pellet fractions. Supernatants fractions obtained from whole roots barks extract and stem barks extract at a concentration of 30 mg/ml reduced sickling up respectively to 7% and 10% against 86% for the control. Pellets fractions obtained from the both extracts induced coagulation of SS blood at 30 mg/ml against 86% for the control.
Conclusion: Supernatants fractions of hydroethanolic whole extract of roots and stem backs of Newbouldia laevis promise as the potential source of active molecules against sickle cell disease.
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF RAPAMYCIN, TEMSIROLIMUS REGIO ISOMER (MONOESTER) AND TEMSIROLIMUS DIESTER IN TEMSIROLIMUS DRUG
Authors: Reddy Gorla S. , Rao Chava V. N. 
Published: February 2019

Objective: Separation and identification of the process impurities in the manufacture of temsirolimus drug viz., rapamycin, temsirolimus regioisomer (monoester) (TS monoester), and temsirolimus diester (TS diester).
Methods: During the process development of temsirolimus (TS), three process impurities-rapamycin, temsirolimus regioisomer (monoester) and temsirolimus diester-were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Impurities were isolated by medium pressure liquid Chromatography (MPLC) and characterized by ESI-MS/MS, 1H NMR, FT-IR spectral data.
Results: These impurities are characterised with the help of ESI MS/MS, 1H NMR, and FT-IR data. The impurities are identified and characterised as the process impurities. One of them is the starting material i.e. rapamycin and the other two are formed during the manufacture of the drug. This method offers advantages over using photodiode-array UV detection (LC-PDA) for the determination of peak purity, viz. components with similar UV spectra can be distinguished.
Conclusion: The structures of these impurities were characterized as rapamycin, TS Monoester, and TS Diester. Out of these process impurities, rapamycin has been previously identified while the other two are previously unreported.
ALUMINA CATALYST: SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL QUINAZOLINE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR SOLUBILITY INCREASES THROUGH INCLUSION WITH β-CYCLODEXTRIN
Authors: Hossain Mossaraf , Nanda Ashis Kumar 
Published: February 2019

Objective: To synthesis a novel methodology of bioactive quinazoline derivatives under greener process to an excellent yields and increases their solubility via inclusion with β-cyclodextrin (CD).
Methods: Derivatives of quinazoline compounds were prepared by the mixture of 3-amino-2-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one, derived from 2-phenyl-4H-benzo[1,3]oxazin-4-one by refluxing with hydrazine, substituted aromatic aldehyde and alumina intimately in an agate mortar and pestle under solvent-free condition. Using various techniques for preparing inclusion complexes, kneaded method is the best method for encapsulation in host-guest complex chemistry. All compounds including inclusion complexes were characterised by spectral methods.
Results: Synthesized a series of novel quinazoline compounds under a very easier greener process with a commercially available reagent. However, their low bioavailability, due to low absorption and solubility, can limit their potential applications. CD was used to resolve this solubility problem. CD can easily accommodated the guest molecules to encapsulate inside its cavity due to interior the hydrophobic nature with a hydrophilic exterior part to form thermodynamically more stable molecular microcapsules, commonly name as host-guest complexes or inclusion complexes. In this sense, CD was utilized to enhance not only the solubility and bioavailability of these quinazoline compounds but also their antibacterial capacity. The formation of inclusion complex was thus confirmed by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and solubility study technique.
Conclusion: Here we have successfully unfolded an eco-friendly methodology for the synthesis of derivatives of quinazoline and increased their solubility via host-guest inclusion technique. From the spectral analysis, it was concluded that the quinazoline compound is fully encapsulated inside the cavity of the CD.
DERIVATIVE UV SPECTROSCOPIC APPROACHES IN MULTICOMPONENT ANALYSIS–A REVIEW
Authors: Sowjanya Gummadi , S. GANAPATY , ALMAS SARA 
Published: February 2019

The spectrophotometric multi-component analysis involves spectrum recording and mathematical equations. However, spectral interference poses a major limitation when mixture samples are encountered. To overcome this derivative spectrophotometry (DS) has been introduced for the resolution of overlapping peaks.
In this review modified methods like derivative quotient spectra, double divisor ratio spectra derivative method, double divisor means centering of ratio spectra method, derivative subtraction coupled with the constant multiplication method (DS-CM), amplitude subtraction (AS), modified amplitude subtraction (MAS), amplitude factor method (P-Factor), amplitude modulation method (AM), amplitude summation method (A-Sum), simultaneous derivative ratio spectrophotometry (S1DD), derivative compensation ratio via regression equation, differential dual wavelength (D1 DWL), differential derivative ratio (D1DR), successive derivative subtraction method (SDS) and derivative transformation (DT) of derivative spectrophotometry theories and applications are reviewed.
These methods were applied to solve different complex pharmaceuticals mixtures. These developed methods were simple and cost-effective.
DETERMINATION, ISOLATION, AND IDENTIFICATION OF AUCUBIN AND VERBASCOSIDE IN THE LEAVES OF IRAQI PLANTAGO LANCOLETA L. USING DIFFERENT DETECTING METHODS
Authors: Khalaf Hasan A. , Abbas Ibrahim S. , Tawfeeq Amani A. , Mahdi Monther F. 
Published: February 2019

Objective: Plantago lanceoleta L. (ribwort plantain) is one of the important medicinal herbs which is widespread fortune available in Iraq, that have a wide range of medicinal properties. The aim of this work was to determine, isolate and identify verbascoside and aucubin in Iraqi P. lanceoleta L. by using different chromatographic and spectrometric methods.
Methods: Verbascoside and aucubin were isolated and quantified by preparative TLC, and then they were determined by the high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) fingerprinting. Aucubin and catalpol in the plant extract were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS); aucubin and verbascoside that isolated from the plant sample were examined by fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and LC-MS, respectively.
Results: The result showed that the Iraqi P. lanceoleta L. contains 1.74 percent (verbascoside) and 0.24 percent (aucubin) of dry powdered leaves. Each TLC-isolated compound showed a single spot on the HPTLC plate, which give an idea about the purity of the isolated compound. Aucubin (with catalpol) and verbascoside both are detected by LC-MS in different ionization mode. Many functional groups were identified in the TLC-isolated aucubin by FT-IR.
Conclusion: The Iraqi P. lanceoleta L. showed a high content of verbasoside, and it is a very rich source for this compound, which can be easily isolated by TLC and subjected to many pharmacological studies. The extract of the young leaves of this plant gave a little amount of aucubin, and it is easy to obtain a higher content from the older leaves.