bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Über ein partiell amelanotisches Schleimhautmelanom der Vulva
Authors: Becker S. , Bennewitz A. , Blau K. , Meier F. , Beissert S. , Proske U. 
Published: May 2019

ZusammenfassungInfolge ihrer häufig partiell oder vollständig amelanotischen Ausprägung, der verdeckten Lokalisation und fehlender Risikofaktoren werden die seltenen vulvo-vaginalen Melanome erst in späteren Stadien diagnostiziert und behandelt. Wir berichten über den Fall einer 70-jährigen Patientin, die sich mit einem Wundgefühl und zwei pigmentierten Läsionen des Labium majus dextrum vorstellte. Nach diagnostischer Exzision bestätigte die histologische Befundung ein partiell amelanotisches mukosales malignes Melanom. Die Nach-Exzision mit Sentinel-Lymphknotenexstirpation ergab das Vorliegen einer maximalen Tumordicke von 1,1 mm. Die erforderliche erweiterte Nach-Resektion erfolgte als vordere Vulvektomie. Das Exzidat der Vulvektomie zeigte weiterhin Reste der In-situ-Komponente bei jedoch tumorfreien Resektionsrändern und Sentinel-Lymphknoten (SLNB 0/1). Die abschließende Tumorklassifikation ergab AJCC (2017) Stadium IB. Nach komplikationsloser Primärheilung befindet sich die Patientin im interdisziplinären dermatologisch-gynäkologischen Nachsorgeprogramm.
Lichenoide Dermatosen der Vulva
Authors: Gieseking F. , Moll I. 
Published: May 2019

ZusammenfassungDieser Artikel gibt einen aktuellen Überblick über die 3 lichenoiden Erkrankungen der Vulva. Es handelt sich um chronische Dermatosen. Sie verursachen nicht notwendigerweise Beschwerden und fallen bisweilen erst bei sorgfältiger Anamnese und der gynäkologischen Untersuchung auf. Während der vulväre Lichen simplex chronicus als harmlos angesehen werden kann, führen Lichen planus und Lichen sclerosus zu langanhaltenden und hartnäckigen Beschwerden. Der Lichen sclerosus und der Lichen planus werden als Risikofaktoren für die Entwicklung eines HPV-negativen Vulvakarzinoms angesehen. Die meisten Frauen mit malignen Befunden an der Vulva hatten zuvor häufig einen Lichen sclerosus oder einen Lichen planus. Die Ursachen der lichenoiden Erkrankungen gelten als unbekannt. Eine Störung des Immunsystems wird angenommen. Ein abschließendes Urteil zu diesen Erkrankungen ist noch nicht möglich.
Erfolgreiche Therapie eines sehr schweren Pemphigus vulgaris mit Rituximab
Authors: Heyne S. , Schneiderat S. , Beissert S. , Günther C. 
Published: May 2019

ZusammenfassungDer Pemphigus vulgaris ist eine blasenbildende Autoimmunerkrankung, die aufgrund der Hautbarrierestörung im Bereich der Blasen ein erhöhtes Irritations- und Infektionsrisiko bedingt. Wir berichten über einen 62-jährigen Patienten mit ausgeprägten Mundschleimhaut- und Hautmanifestationen eines Pemphigus vulgaris, der sich auf initiale Therapie mit hochdosierter Gabe von Prednisolon und steroidsparenden Immunsuppressiva nicht regredient zeigte. Der schwere Krankheitsverlauf wurde durch eine intensivpflichtige Sepsis zusätzlich kompliziert. Durch Gabe von Rituximab und einer begleitenden Immunapheresebehandlung konnte nach 8 Monaten eine partielle Remission und nach 1,5 Jahren eine komplette Remission erreicht werden. Der Pemphigus vulgaris ist auch heute eine schwere und komplikationsreiche Hauterkrankung, die eine therapeutische Herausforderung darstellen kann.
Imaging in Large Vessel Vasculitides
Authors: Guggenberger Konstanze , Bley Thorsten 
Published: May 2019

Background Large vessel vasculitides comprise primary vasculitides of large and medium-sized arteries with various clinical, laboratory and radiological presentations. Imaging has become increasingly important in the diagnosis and monitoring of large vessel vasculitides. It complements clinical and laboratory examination and displays vasculitic changes of large extra- and intracranial arteries with relatively good diagnostic reliability and a low level of invasiveness.
Method This review presents the most important imaging modalities and some typical imaging findings in the context of the two main forms of large vessel vasculitis, giant cell arteritis and Takayasu’s arteritis, with special regard to the recently launched EULAR (The European League Against Rheumatism) recommendations on the role of imaging in patients with suspected large vessel vasculitides.
Results and Conclusion Color-coded duplex sonography (CCDS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography are today’s common imaging methods in large vessel vasculitides representing a reasonable and less invasive alternative or at least a good complement to temporal artery biopsy. Today’s EULAR guidelines recommend an imaging test as the first complementary method to clinical examination with CCDS as the preferred diagnostic test in suspected giant cell arteritis, MRI as the equivalent alternative in the case of inconclusive results, and MRI as the first choice in suspected Takayasu’s arteritis.
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Oncogenes and Clotting Factors: The Emerging Role of Tumor Cell Genome and Epigenome in Cancer-Associated Thrombosis
Authors: Tawil Nadim , Bassawon Rayhaan , Rak Janusz 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThere are emerging linkages between biological and genetic aspects of cancer progression and the mechanisms of cancer-associated thrombosis. It is argued that reciprocal influences between cancer cells, their associated vascular stroma, and the hemostatic system may shape the mechanism of coagulopathy. In this regard, glioblastoma multiforme offers a paradigm where the prevalent occurrence of local microthrombosis and peripheral venous thromboembolism can be linked to the profiles of oncogenic driver mutations and their impact on the expression of coagulation-related genes (coagulome). These relationships can be recapitulated in cellular models of glioblastoma, where the expression of tissue factor, podoplanin, and the release of procoagulant microparticles (extracellular vesicles) remains under the control of oncogenic pathways (epidermal growth factor receptor variant III, isocitrate dehydrogenase 1). These pathways define molecular subtypes of glioblastoma that express differential coagulomes. Moreover, single-cell sequencing of glioblastoma samples reveals a combinatorial rather than common profile of both subtype markers and coagulation-related genes. Based on these emerging observations, the authors suggest that cancers may operate as coagulant composites, where individual cells and their dominant populations express different procoagulant phenotypes, resulting in the net impact on the hemostatic system. They suggest that relating these mechanisms to clinical presentations of thrombosis may facilitate a more causality-based, personalized, and possibly cancer-specific thromboprophylaxis and treatment.
Hemostatic Abnormalities in Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Loures Cristina de Mello Gomide , Duarte Rita Carolina Figueiredo , Silva Marcos Vinícius Ferreira , Cicarini Walter Batista , de Souza Leonardo Cruz , Caramelli Paulo , Borges Karina Braga Gomes , Carvalho Maria das Graças 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is considered the most frequent cause of dementia. It is known that vascular risk factors play an important role in the development and progression of this condition. Alterations in vascular walls represent documented findings in patients with AD and other dementias affecting elderly people. The authors performed a systematic review and meta-analysis, aiming to synthesize observational studies that evaluated how the hemostatic system may contribute to cognitive decline in the elderly, using papers published until April 2018 and as indexed in Medline (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Lilacs, Cinahl, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Among 5,278 studies identified, 32 were included in the final synthesis, and these included 485 patients with mild cognitive impairment, 568 with vascular dementia (VD), 1,781 with AD, and 2,855 participants without dementia. AD patients had increased plasma von Willebrand factor (VWF) (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 2.53; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.10–4.95), D-dimer (SMD: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.35–0.66), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (SMD: 3.34; 95% CI: 1.01–5.67), thrombomodulin (SMD: 1.08; 95% CI: 0.53–1.62), and homocysteine levels (SMD: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.15–1.15). In contrast, the VD group showed increased fibrinogen levels (SMD: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.13–1.41), activated factor VII (SMD: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.05–0.67), factor VIII (SMD: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.22–0.91), VWF (SMD: 2.34; 95% CI: 0.38–4.29), D-dimer (SMD: 1.14; 95% CI: 0.51–1.78), and homocysteine (SMD: 2.17; 95% CI: 1.67–2.68). AD showed an elevation in some markers of endothelial dysfunction, whereas VD presented mostly an involvement of coagulation cascade components.
Gene Therapy: Paving New Roads in the Treatment of Hemophilia
Authors: Yamaguti-Hayakawa Gabriela G. , Ozelo Margareth C. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHemophilia is a monogenic disease with robust clinicolaboratory correlations of severity. These attributes coupled with the availability of experimental animal models have made it an attractive model for gene therapy. The road from animal models to human clinical studies has heralded significant successes, but major issues concerning a previous immunity against adeno-associated virus and transgene optimization remain to be fully resolved. Despite significant advances in gene therapy application, many questions remain pertaining to its use in specific populations such as those with factor inhibitors, those with underlying liver disease, and pediatric patients. Here, the authors provide an update on viral vector and transgene improvements, review the results of recently published gene therapy clinical trials for hemophilia, and discuss the main challenges facing investigators in the field.
Shear-, Sound-, and Light-Sensitive Nanoparticles for Thrombolytic Drug Delivery
Authors: Qu Shu , Ding Xingwei 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThrombotic diseases, as potentially induced by blood clots or vascular embolization, frequently occur with high rates of mortalities worldwide. Current drug thrombolysis, a primary clinical therapy, may increase fatal risk of hemorrhage when thrombolysis agents become systemically distributed. Given current thrombolysis limitations, some novel drug delivery systems based on nanoparticles have been recently exploited to achieve a more controlled release of loaded thrombolytic agents, able to respond to environmental changes, and resulting in a safer thrombolysis. In this review, the authors outline and discuss some prominent examples of early and recent thrombolytic agent delivery systems using controlled release by physical stimuli (shear, sound and light). Shear-sensitive systems are designed to exploit the specific biomechanical feature of thrombosis, that is, the increased blood shear stress. Sound- and light-sensitive systems reflect “remote control” of drug release by responding to external ultrasound or light stimulus. These smart thrombolytic drug delivery systems hold promise for more effective and safer future thrombolytic therapy.
On the functions of sort of in New Zealand TV programs
Authors: Sabet Peyman G. P. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Sort of is a pragmatic particle with a range of functions in different contexts. There are
different factors which can contribute to its varied functions. Focusing on the media discourse, this study investigates the
frequency and pragmatic functions of sort of in New Zealand English. Based on the analysis of the data from a
current affairs TV program, the study shows that sort of is a pragmatic particle under-used in this discourse type. The analysis of its pragmatic functions demonstrates that right amount of information and mitigation fulfill a substantial
proportion of sort of functions. The other two functions, avoidance and discourse management, are less frequent,
but still perform important roles in effective media communication.
Enjoyment and affective responses to two regimes of high intensity interval training in inactive women with obesity
Authors: Astorino Todd A. , Clark Amy , De La Rosa Annie , De Revere Jamie L. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTThis study examined changes in enjoyment, affective valence, and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) in obese women performing two regimes of high intensity interval training (HIIT) differing in structure and volume. Nineteen obese and inactive women (age and body mass index = 37.5 ± 10.5 yr and 39.0 ± 4.3 kg/m2) were randomized to 6 wk of traditional (TRAD, n = 10) or periodized interval training (PER, n = 9) which was performed on a cycle ergometer during which structure changed weekly. Two supervised sessions per week were performed in a lab, and one session per week was performed unsupervised. During every lab‐based session, perceptual responses including enjoyment, affective valence, and RPE were acquired. Data showed a groupXtraining interaction for enjoyment (p = 0.02) which was lower by 10–25 units during PER versus TRAD. In addition, there was a groupXtimeXtraining interaction for RPE (p = 0.01). RPE did not change in response to TRAD yet varied during PER, with lower RPE values exhibited during brief supramaximal bouts (6.3 ± 0.9) compared to longer intervals (7.3 ± 1.2). Both regimes showed reductions in affective valence during training, with the lowest values equal to 1.5 ± 1.6 in TRAD and −0.2 ± 1.6 in PER. Compared to TRAD, more aversive responses were shown in PER throughout training by 0.4–2.0 units. Data show lower enjoyment and more aversive responses to higher‐volume bouts of interval training, which suggests that shorter bouts may be perceived more favourably by obese women.
Acquisition and segmentation images algorithm for the temporary study of the dynamic speckle phenomenon
Authors: Benjumea E , Vega F , Torres C , Vilardy J , Nuñez L 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Dynamic speckle is an interferometric phenomenon, which has been considered a sensitive way to monitor the weak changes in biological samples, and therefore it is a reliable tool that can be applied in many areas, from medicine to farming. Its use demanded the appearance of a series of methods to illuminate, process the images and provide their analysis. For this reason, for its implementation it requires systems of acquisition of images and algorithms of detection or identification of the biological material of the rest of the whole of the image. This work proposes an algorithm that allows the acquisition and segmentation of biological samples of plant origin. The algorithm developed requires the CMOS camera of a cell phone for the acquisition and transmission of the images of size 720x480 pixels, a computer for the management, reception and processing of the same, a wireless local area network, a He-Ne laser 633 nm with 10 mW of power as a coherent light source, an optical diffuser and an aluminum surface for the placement of biological samples. The study showed satisfactory results to acquire images and store them, allowing their subsequent segmentation.
Capillary resonator as optical sensor for the measurement of the hydrostatic pressure. A theoretical study of its sensitivity
Authors: Avila D , Horta S , Torres C O 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We report the study of an optical device for the measurement of hydrostatic pressure in fluids. The device studied is a sensor based on a dielectric optical resonator in the form of a capillary that confines the light in its interior through the phenomenon of total internal reflection. For the analytical study of sensitivity, we have considered the solution of the Helmholtz scalar equation for the case of a resonant cavity in form of cylinder composed of three layers with different refractive index. During the study, the excitation of the Whispering Gallery Modes WGMs on a transverse plane along the axial axis of the cavity is studied and the equation of eigenvalues that has information of the wavelengths of resonances for the TE and TM modes were obtained from the resonance conditions. To determine the sensitivity of the device, the shift of the wavelengths of resonances as a function of the internal pressure in the cavity were analyzed. The results show that it is possible to increase the sensitivity of the microresonator when the wall thickness of the cavity is thin, and the maximum diameter is increased.
Design and manufacture of a didactic tool through the use of 3D printing technology to teach the capacitor charging and discharging phenomenon
Authors: Cordoba D , Sierra J , Benjumea E , Avila D A , Horta S D 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This paper reports the design and manufacture of an easy-to-use and accessible teaching system by using 3D printing as a tool for the teaching of the capacitor charging and discharging phenomenon. The didactic system developed, is structured in modules-built piece by piece with 3D printing technology. They are made in a relatively low-cost polymer that could facilitate both teachers and students to improve the teaching-learning processes. This didactic system is reliable, easy to use and low cost. As a way to improve the functionality, the built system is complemented by the use of a free access software and a simple generator of signals that allows to simulate a virtual oscilloscope. This is an additional strategy that would allow the didactic system to enrich the study of the phenomena and eliminate the use of high cost devices that generally limit the experimentation developed traditionally in the teaching of physics. The practical application and implementation of 3D printing technology can be incorporated into a wide variety university subjects in the development of experiments in circuit theory, electricity and magnetism, among others, for its advantages in facilitating the comprehension and assimilation of difficult theoretical concepts and the learning of the physical tangibility of the phenomena under study.
Smart gridlock? Challenging hegemonic framings of mitigation solutions and scalability
Authors: Sareen Siddharth , Rommetveit Kjetil 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Urban energy transitions are key components of urgently requisite climate change mitigation. Promissory discourse accords smart grids pride of place within them. We employ a living lab to study smart grids as a solution geared towards upscaling and systematisation, investigate their limits as a climate change mitigation solution, and assess them rigorously as urban energy transitions. Our 18 month living lab simulates a household energy management platform in Bergen. Norway’s mitigation focus promotes smart meter roll-out as reducing carbon emissions, by (i) unlocking efficiency gains, and (ii) increasing awareness for demand-side management. We problematise this discourse. Raising awareness encounters intractable challenges for smart grid scalability. Scattered efficiency gains constitute modest increments rather than the substantial change requisite for rapid mitigation. Whereas promissory smart grid discourse overlooks these ground-truthed limits, our findings caution against misplaced expectations concerning mitigation. We contest discursive enthusiasm on smart grids and argue for aligning local and systemic concerns before upscaling to avoid obscuring risks. Scaling up requires understanding and addressing interdependencies and trade-offs across scales. Focus group discussions and surveys with living lab participants who used sub-meter monitors to track real-time household electricity consumption data over an extended period show that technical issues and energy behaviour, as well as political economic and policy structures and factors, pose significant limits to smart grids. Urban strategies for climate change mitigation must be informed by this recognition. Our results indicate that upscaling relies on bottom-up popular acceptance of the salient technical, organisational and standardisation measures, but that measures to improve the democratic legitimacy of and participation in energy transitions remain weak. We highlight limits to smart grids as a standalone urban mitigation solution and call for a sharper focus on accompanying thrust areas for systematisation and scalability, such as renewable energy integration and grid coordination.
Premalignant Clonal Hematopoietic Proliferations
Authors: Nardi Valentina , Kuo Frank C , Hasserjian Robert P 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe 2017 Workshop of the Society for Hematopathology/European Association for Hematopathology aimed to review premalignant clonal hematopoietic proliferations.MethodsThe workshop panel reviewed 27 cases of clonal proliferations of indeterminate significance or potential (18 myeloid, nine lymphoid) and rendered consensus diagnoses.ResultsImmunophenotyping and genetic studies on peripheral blood, bone marrow, and lymph node samples have led to the incidental detection of small clonal populations in asymptomatic individuals. These premalignant clonal myeloid and lymphoid proliferations include monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance, monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis, in situ follicular neoplasia, in situ mantle cell neoplasia, clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential, and clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance.ConclusionsCurrent diagnostic criteria for the diagnoses of premalignant clonal hematopoietic proliferations are reviewed and discussed in the context of the cases presented at the workshop.
Zero or More: Methodological Challenges of Counting and Estimating Deaths Related to Antibiotic-resistant Infections
Authors: Temkin Elizabeth , Carmeli Yehuda 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Estimates of the number of deaths from antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) infections are important data for clinicians and public health officials advocating for resources to prevent and treat these infections. The aims of this article are to describe the various approaches to calculating deaths from AMR infections, to compare the tally of deaths by each approach, and to explain how to interpret the results. Currently, none of the 3 methods employed by vital statistics systems to count deaths from specific causes (underlying cause of deaths, multiple causes of death, and avoidable deaths) count deaths from AMR infections. These deaths can be estimated by 4 approaches: case-fatality rate, infection-related mortality, and excess mortality using controls with antibiotic-susceptible infections or controls without antibiotic-resistant infections. When encountering discrepant estimates of AMR-related deaths, it is important to consider which method was used and whether it was the right method to answer the question being asked.