bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of pyrrolo[3,4‐f]indole‐5,7‐dione and indole‐5,6‐dicarbonitrile derivatives as inhibitors of monoamine oxidase
Authors: Chirkova Zhanna V. , Kabanova Mariya V. , Filimonov Sergey I. , Abramov Igor G. , Petzer Anél , Hitge Rialette , Petzer Jacobus P. , Suponitsky Kyrill Yu. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn recent studies, we have investigated the monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibition properties of pyrrolo[3,4‐f]indole‐5,7‐dione and indole‐5,6‐dicarbonitrile derivatives. Since numerous high potency MAO inhibitors are present among these chemical classes, the present study synthesizes 44 additional derivatives in an attempt to further derive structure‐activity relationships (SARs) and to establish optimal substitution patterns for MAO inhibition. The results show that, with the exception of one compound, all indole‐5,6‐dicarbonitrile derivatives (10) exhibit submicromolar IC50 values for the inhibition of MAO, with the most potent MAO‐A inhibitor exhibiting an IC50 value of 0.006 μM while the most potent MAO‐B inhibitor exhibits an IC50 value of 0.058 μM. Interestingly, an N‐oxide derivative (4c) also proved to be a potent and nonspecific MAO inhibitor. With the exception of one compound, all of the pyrrolo[3,4‐f]indole‐5,7‐diones (28) also exhibit submicromolar IC50 values for the inhibition of an MAO isoform. The most potent inhibitor exhibit an IC50 value of 0.011 μM for MAO‐A. This study proposes that high potency MAO inhibitors such as those investigated here, may act as lead compounds for the development of treatments for neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders such as Parkinson's disease and depression.
Echocardiographic assessment of functional mitral regurgitation: opening Pandora's box?
Authors: Hagendorff Andreas , Doenst Torsten , Falk Volkmar 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTwo recent trials of transcatheter mitral‐valve repair in patients with functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) presented opposing results for the MitraClip® compared to medical therapy alone. The conflicting results gave rise to intensive discussions about assessment of mitral valve regurgitation (MR). A recent editorial viewpoint provided a potential explanation presenting a new pathophysiologic concept. However, the echocardiographic characterization of both trials' patients is inconsistent and the discussed concepts appear to suffer from plausibility weaknesses. It is well conceivable that limitations in the echocardiographic assessment of the trial patients introduced a bias regarding the selection of patients with severe (or less severe) MR that may be a more plausible explanation for the differences in outcome. We here illustrate our viewpoint regarding the two MitraClip trials and also illustrate the difficulties in assessing functional MR properly. It may indeed be “opening Pandora's box”, but we will also make an attempt to provide a solution.
Self‐medication in pain management: The state of the art of pharmacists’ role for optimal Over‐The‐Counter analgesic use
Authors: Perrot Serge , Cittée Jacques , Louis Pascal , Quentin Bertrand , Robert Carole , Milon Jean‐Yves , Bismut Hervé , Baumelou Alain 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveSelf‐medication is associated with an important utilization of Over‐The‐Counter (OTC) analgesics. The medical outcome resulting from therapeutic options bypassing the physician prescription is a major issue. In that context, pharmacists are expected to play a crucial role. The main objective of this review was to analyse the state‐of‐the art of pharmacists' role in pain management self‐medication.Databases and Data TreatmentAn expert multidisciplinary group dedicated to self‐medication in pain was established. Selection of publications was performed from PubMedand EMBASE databases which was based on the use of “pain” and/or “self‐medication” and/or “self‐care” and/or “analgesics” and/or “painkillers” keywords, restricted to the past 10 years.ResultsA total of 480 papers were identified, 49 of which papers were considered relevant and finally kept for final discussion, on OTC pain management and pharmacist's role. Literature analysis demonstrates that OTC analgesics are generally safe when appropriately used. Risks associated with misuse or inappropriateness depend on patients’ vulnerability (elderly, pregnancy) or behaviour. Social cognitive theory‐based intervention and multimedia applications improve self‐medication but do not replace health care professional advice Pharmacists’ interventions may improve the benefits and safety of OTC analgesic medication, with a better management of pain.ConclusionsConsidering the heterogeneity of patients’ knowledge and behaviour reported worldwide, inappropriate use of OTC pain medication should not be underestimated. Community pharmacists are ideally placed to guide self‐medication or recommend a medical advice when needed. Embedding pharmacists in primary care pain management is essential and pharmacist‐led medication coupled with an appropriate training of pharmacy staffs should be encouraged.SignificanceAnalgesics are widely used without prescription, all over the world. They represent the largest market of OTC drugs, with an overall benefit/risk ratio favourable when appropriately used. Because of potential individual risks associated to the ailment or to the patient's behaviour, pharmacists’ interventions have proven to optimize analgesic self‐medication, provided that pharmacy staffs are both available and more specifically trained. In the future, in pain management, especially self‐medication, pharmacists should play an increasing role and should be included in educational programmes and pain management guidelines.
Performance analysis of the new design of photovoltaic/storage solar collector
Authors: Abdullah Amani H. , Ahmed Omer K. , Ali Zaid H. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study intends to develop a low cost, dependable, and efficient storage solar collector for household uses. This design is based on integrating solar cell technology and the solar storage collector into one system to achieve three objectives: water storage, electricity generation, and water heating. In this design, a solar cell was fixed on the inclined metal surface of a rectangular storage collector and acted as a black absorber surface. Two experimental models were constructed to study the performance of the new design. In the first design, which referred to as photovoltaic (PV)/storage solar collector, the solar cell was fixed on the inclined metal surface and worked as a black absorber surface in the conventional collector. The second model was the rectangular storage collector, similar to the first model with most attributes. The results showed that the outlet water temperature reaches the maximum value of 42°C at 2 pm for the PV/storage collector at spring day, and the temperature differences between the outlet and inlet temperature are 14.6°C and 30°C at 2 pm for the PV/storage collector and the conventional storage collector, respectively. The overall efficiency increases as a result of removing hot water from the collector to cool the solar cell and increases the electrical energy produced. Generally, under load conditions, the overall efficiency of the PV/storage collector is higher than the second design. In the summer, the highest value for the overall efficiency of the PV/storage collector was 63.02% under load condition, whereas the higher value for the overall efficiency was 40.88% without load condition.
Numerische Simulation des Erdwiderstands für Sand und Vergleich mit Messergebnissen aus Modellversuchen
Authors: Hegert Harriet , Hettler Achim 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIm vorliegenden Beitrag wird ein von Hegert [1] auf den Modellversuchskasten von Bartl [2] abgestimmtes Finite‐Elemente‐Modell (FE‐Modell) vorgestellt und durch Vergleich der Beiwerte für den mobilisierten Erdwiderstand, der Grenz‐ und Oberflächenverschiebungen, der lokalen Erddruckbeiwerte und der Angriffshöhe der Erddruckresultierenden ausführlich überprüft. Die Messergebnisse können unter Berücksichtigung der Möglichkeiten und Grenzen des Stoffmodells gut simuliert werden. Mit dem validierten FE‐Modell wird gezeigt, dass die üblichen Ansätze der DIN 4085 [3], z. B. für Erddruckbeiwerte und ‐resultierende, und die bekannten Mobilisierungsfunktionen von Bartl, Besler und Vogt in weiten Bereichen sehr gute Näherungen darstellen. Es konnte bestätigt werden, dass die Erdwiderstandsbeiwerte von Pregl [4] und Sokolowski [5] gut geeignet sind für eine Parallelbewegung der Wand und die in DIN 4085 vorgeschlagene Abminderung bei Drehung um den Kopf‐ oder Fußpunkt wirklichkeitsnahe Ergebnisse liefert.
Neural correlates of proprioceptive upper limb position matching
Authors: Marini Francesca , Zenzeri Jacopo , Pippo Valentina , Morasso Pietro , Campus Claudio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractProprioceptive information allows humans to perform smooth coordinated movements by constantly updating one's mind with knowledge of the position of one's limbs in space. How this information is combined with other sensory modalities and centrally processed to form conscious perceptions of limb position remains relatively unknown. What has proven even more elusive is pinpointing the contribution of proprioception in cortical activity related to motion. This study addresses these gaps by examining electrocortical dynamics while participants performed an upper limb position matching task in two conditions, namely with proprioceptive feedback or with both visual and proprioceptive feedback. Specifically, we evaluated the reduction of the electroencephalographic power (desynchronization) in the μ frequency band (8–12 Hz), which is known to characterize the neural activation associated with motor control and behavior. We observed a stronger desynchronization in the left motor and somatosensory areas, contralateral to the moving limb while, parietal and occipital regions, identifying association and visual areas, respectively, exhibited a similar activation level in the two hemispheres. Pertaining to the influence of the two experimental conditions it affected only movement's offset, and precisely we found that when matching movements are performed relying only on proprioceptive information, a lower cortical activity is entailed. This effect was strongest in the visual and association areas, while there was a minor effect in the hand motor and somatosensory areas.
Patterned functional network disruption in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Dukic Stefan , McMackin Roisin , Buxo Teresa , Fasano Antonio , Chipika Rangariroyashe , Pinto‐Grau Marta , Costello Emmet , Schuster Christina , Hammond Michaela , Heverin Mark , Coffey Amina , Broderick Michael , Iyer Parameswaran M. , Mohr Kieran , Gavin Brighid , Pender Niall , Bede Peter , Muthuraman Muthuraman , Lalor Edmund C. , Hardiman Orla , Nasseroleslami Bahman 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease primarily affecting motor function, with additional evidence of extensive nonmotor involvement. Despite increasing recognition of the disease as a multisystem network disorder characterised by impaired connectivity, the precise neuroelectric characteristics of impaired cortical communication remain to be fully elucidated. Here, we characterise changes in functional connectivity using beamformer source analysis on resting‐state electroencephalography recordings from 74 ALS patients and 47 age‐matched healthy controls. Spatiospectral characteristics of network changes in the ALS patient group were quantified by spectral power, amplitude envelope correlation (co‐modulation) and imaginary coherence (synchrony). We show patterns of decreased spectral power in the occipital and temporal (δ‐ to β‐band), lateral/orbitofrontal (δ‐ to θ‐band) and sensorimotor (β‐band) regions of the brain in patients with ALS. Furthermore, we show increased co‐modulation of neural oscillations in the central and posterior (δ‐, θ‐ and γl‐band) and frontal (δ‐ and γl‐band) regions, as well as decreased synchrony in the temporal and frontal (δ‐ to β‐band) and sensorimotor (β‐band) regions. Factorisation of these complex connectivity patterns reveals a distinct disruption of both motor and nonmotor networks. The observed changes in connectivity correlated with structural MRI changes, functional motor scores and cognitive scores. Characteristic patterned changes of cortical function in ALS signify widespread disease‐associated network disruption, pointing to extensive dysfunction of both motor and cognitive networks. These statistically robust findings, that correlate with clinical scores, provide a strong rationale for further development as biomarkers of network disruption for future clinical trials.
Leucine‐rich diet minimises liver glycogen mobilisation and modulates liver gluconeogenesis enzyme expression in tumour‐bearing cachectic rats
Authors: Viana Laís Rosa , Luiz Anna Caroline Perina , Favero‐Santos Bianca Cristine , Salgado Carla de Moraes , Gomes‐Marcondes Maria Cristina Cintra 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimsCachexia is defined as a complex metabolic syndrome that is associated with tissue damage. Some studies have shown that the liver metabolic alterations contribute to overall host tissue wasting. Knowing that leucine acts as cell signalling, we evaluated hepatic metabolism in Walker 256 tumour‐bearing rats and investigated the modulatory effects of a leucine‐rich diet.Methods and ResultsWistar rats were distributed into 4 groups: control (C) and tumour‐bearing (W) groups, fed a control diet, and leucine (L) and leucine tumour‐bearing (LW) groups, which fed a leucine‐rich diet. After tumour evolution (21 days), liver samples were collected, and assessed the glycogen content via histological periodic acid‐Schiff (PAS) staining and performed the molecular and biochemical analysis. A higher liver‐to‐body weight rate was observed in W and LW groups, whereas a lower muscle‐to‐body weight ratio was observed only in W group. Hepatic glycogen content was lower only in W group, which had a greater number of hepatocyte nuclei; these parameters were unchanged in LW rats. Moreover, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), glycogen synthase, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDHA) gene expressions were higher in liver tissue from W group than in LW group. However, liver alkaline phosphatase and γGT activities, and also liver AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) expression were higher in both tumour‐bearing groups.ConclusionsOur results suggest that a leucine‐rich diet has a protective effect on the loss of skeletal muscle and also minimises the liver failure induced by Walker 256 tumours. Despite the lack of protection against liver damage, the leucine‐rich diet modulated liver energy stores, likely decreasing the futile Cori cycle and reducing energy expenditures.
Translational optical coherence elastography for assessment of systemic sclerosis
Authors: Liu Chih‐Hao , Assassi Shervin , Theodore Sam , Smith Christopher , Schill Alexander , Singh Manmohan , Aglyamov Salavat , Mohan Chandra , Larin Kirill V. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSystemic sclerosis (SSc‐scleroderma) is an autoimmune disorder with high mortality rate that results in excessive accumulation of collagen in the skin and internal organs. Currently, the modified Rodnan Skin Score (mRSS) is the gold standard for evaluating the dermal thickening due to SSc. However, mRSS has noticeable inter‐ and intra‐observer variabilities as quantified by the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC: 0.6‐0.75). In this work, optical coherence elastography (OCE) combined with structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) image analysis was used to assess skin thickness in 12 SSc patients and healthy volunteers. Inter‐ (ICC: 0.62‐0.99) and intra‐observer (ICC > 0.90) assessment of OCT/OCE showed excellent reliability. Clinical assessments, including histologically assessed dermal thickness (DT), mRSS, and site‐specific mRSS (SMRSS) were also performed for further validation. The OCE and OCT results from the forearm demonstrated the highest correlation (OCE: 0.78, OCT: 0.65) with SMRSS. Importantly, OCE and OCT had stronger correlations with the histological DT (OCT: r = .78 and OCE: r = .74) than SMRSS (r = .57), indicating the OCT/OCE could outperform semi‐quantitative clinical assessments such as SMRSS. Overall, these results demonstrate that OCT/OCE could be useful for rapid, noninvasive and objective assessments of SSc onset and monitoring skin disease progression and treatment response.
Projective Paley sets
Authors: Cossidente Antonio , Marino Giuseppe , Pavese Francesco 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAtwo‐character setin is a set of points with the property that the intersection number with any hyperplane only takes two values. Aprojective Paley setof odd, is a subset of points such that every hyperplane of meets in either or points. Aquasi‐quadricin is a two‐character set that has the same size and the same intersection numbers with respect to hyperplanes as a nondegenerate quadric. Here we construct projective Paley sets of left invariant by a cyclic group of order and of admitting as an automorphism group. Also infinite families of quasi‐quadrics of are provided.
Structure of the testis and spermatogenesis of the viviparous teleost Poecilia mexicana (Poeciliidae) from an active sulfur spring cave in Southern Mexico
Authors: Torres‐Martínez Aarón , Ruiz de Dios Liliana , Hernández‐Franyutti Arlette , Uribe Mari Carmen , Sánchez Wilfrido Contreras 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe describe the histological characteristics of the testis and spermatogenesis of the cave molly Poecilia mexicana, a viviparous teleost inhabiting a sulfur spring cave, Cueva del Azufre, in Tabasco, Southern Mexico. P. mexicana has elongate spermatogonial restricted testes with spermatogonia arranged in the testicular periphery. Germ cell development occurs within spermatocysts. As spermatogenesis proceeds, the spermatocysts move longitudinally from the periphery of the testis to the efferent duct system, where mature spermatozoa are released. The efferent duct system consists of short efferent duct branches connected to a main efferent duct, opened into the genital pore. Spermatogenesis consisted of the following stages: spermatogonia (A and B), spermatocytes (primary and secondary), spermatids, and spermatozoa. The spermatozoa are situated within spermatocysts, with their heads oriented toward the periphery and flagella toward the center. Once in the efferent duct system, mature spermatozoa are packaged as unencapsulated sperm bundles, that is, spermatozeugmata. We suggest that the histological characteristics of the testis and spermatogenesis of P. mexicana from the Cueva del Azufre, and the viviparous condition where the spermatozoa enter in the female without been in the water, have allowed them to invade sulfurous and/or subterranean environments in Southern Mexico, without requiring complex morphofunctional changes in the testis or the spermatogenetic process.
Filtering antennas for energy harvesting in wearable systems
Authors: Dong Yazhou , Gao Steven , Luo Qi , Dong Shi‐wei , Wei Gao 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWearable systems are important for future smart home care for the disabled and ageing population. One of the key challenges is the power supply. One solution is to develop an energy harvesting system suitable for providing power wirelessly. The matching network and filter in traditional energy harvesting system occupy lots of space, introduce additional losses, and reduce the total efficiency. This paper presents a novel filtering antenna suitable for wearable energy harvesting systems. The developed antenna has a broadband operation, harmonics suppression, compact size, and low cost. Firstly, a novel technique for broadband filtering antenna modeling and design in order to realize complex input impedance is presented. By adjusting the external quality factors and coupling coefficients of the resonators, complex impedance matching can be realized. Then, the theory of characteristic mode is used for the modal analysis of the filtering antenna. To verify the design concept, a C‐band circularly polarized filtering antenna with complex impedance is designed and fabricated. The results show that the impedance bandwidth is more than 14.5% with a peak gain higher than 8.5 dBi. The proposed antenna is conjugate matched to the rectifying circuit at 5.8 GHz and mismatched at the second harmonic frequency to suppress the harmonic reradiation, leading to a compact rectenna structure.
Team knowledge exchange: How and when does transformational leadership have an effect?
Authors: Burmeister Anne , Li Yixuan , Wang Mo , Shi Junqi , Jin Yanghua 
Published: July 2019

SummaryIn this study, we examined how and when transformational leadership affected team knowledge exchange. Taking a goal pursuit perspective, we hypothesized two parallel mediating mechanisms—team knowledge goal generation and team knowledge goal striving—linking transformational leadership to team knowledge exchange. In addition, we investigated whether team‐level team‐member exchange served as a boundary condition that qualified the effects of transformational leadership on team knowledge goal generation and striving. We tested our hypotheses using time‐lagged data from 118 work teams of a large Chinese manufacturing firm. Our findings provided support for the proposed parallel mediating mechanisms (i.e., team knowledge goal generation and team knowledge goal striving) that linked transformational leadership to team knowledge exchange. In addition, we found that team‐level team‐member exchange could strengthen the positive effect of transformational leadership on team knowledge exchange via team knowledge goal generation. By taking the novel lens of team goal pursuit, this study contributes to the literature on leadership and teams by shedding light on how transformational leadership triggers the goal pursuit process of team knowledge exchange.
CD73‐dependent adenosine dampens interleukin‐1β–induced CXCL8 production in gingival fibroblasts: Association with heme oxygenase‐1 and adenosine monophosphate‒activated protein kinase
Authors: Ramos‐Junior Erivan Schnaider , Pedram Michael , Lee Renee E. , Exstrom Drake , Yilmaz Özlem , Coutinho‐Silva Robson , Ojcius David M. , Morandini Ana Carolina 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundDuring inflammation, stressed or infected cells can release adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to the extracellular medium, which can be hydrolyzed to adenosine by ectonucleotidases such as ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (CD39) and 5′‐nucleotidase (CD73). The role of CD73 in the modulation of cytokine release by human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) remains underexplored. Here, we investigated whether CD73‐mediated hydrolysis of extracellular ATP (eATP) could affect interleukin (IL)‐1β‐induced CXCL8 secretion.MethodsThe levels of mRNA expression of adenosine receptors, CD39 and CD73 of periodontitis samples were retrieved from a public database. Moreover, HGF mRNA levels were measured by quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) after 3, 6, or 24 hours of IL‐1β stimulation. IL‐1β‐induced CXCL8 protein levels were measured after pretreatment with 100‐µM eATP in the presence or absence of CD73 inhibitor. The effect of eATP degradation to adenosine on CXCL8 levels was investigated using agonist and antagonist of adenosine receptors.ResultsLevels of CD39, CD73, and adenosine receptor mRNA were differentially modulated by IL‐1β. ATP pretreatment impaired IL‐1β‐induced CXCL8 secretion and required activation of heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) and phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate‒activated protein kinase (pAMPK). The inhibition of CD73 or the inhibition of adenosine receptors abrogated the ATP effect on CXCL8 secretion.ConclusionsCD73‐generated adenosine dampens IL‐1β‐induced CXCL8 in HGFs and involves HO‐1 and pAMPK signaling. These results imply that CD73 is a negative regulator of the inflammatory microenvironment, suggesting that this ectoenzyme could be involved in the generation of deficient CXCL8 gradient in chronic inflammation.