bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbial virulome and resistome in deep-sea cold seeps pose minimal public health risks
Authors: Zhang Tianxueyu , Han Yingchun , Peng Yongyi , Deng Zhaochao , Shi Wenqing , Xu Xuewei , Wu Yuehong , Dong Xiyang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDeep-sea cold seeps host high microbial biomass and biodiversity that thrive on hydrocarbon and inorganic compound seepage, exhibiting diverse ecological functions and unique genetic resources. However, potential health risks from pathogenic or antibiotic-resistant microorganisms in these environments remain largely overlooked, especially during resource exploitation and laboratory research. Here, we analyzed 165 metagenomes and 33 metatranscriptomes from 16 global cold seep sites to investigate the diversity and distribution of virulence factors (VFs), antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and mobile genetic elements (MGEs). A total of 2,353 VFs are retrieved in 689 MAGs, primarily associated with non-pathogenic functions like adherence. Additionally, cold seeps harbor nearly 100,000 ARGs, as important reservoirs, with high-risk ARGs presenting at low abundance. Compared to other environments, microorganisms in cold seeps exhibit substantial differences in VF and ARG counts, with potential horizontal gene transfer facilitating their spread. These virulome and resistome profiles provide valuable insights into the evolutionary and ecological implications of pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance in extreme deep-sea ecosystems. Collectively, these results indicate that cold seep sediments pose minimal public health risks, shedding lights on environmental safety in deep-sea resource exploitation and research.ImportanceUnderstanding pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance in environmental reservoirs like deep-sea cold seeps is critical for assessing public health risks, particularly with increasing human activities such as deep-sea mining. This study offers the first comprehensive analysis of virulome, resistome, and mobilome profiles in cold seep microbial communities. While cold seeps act as reservoirs for diverse ARGs, high-risk ARGs are rare, and most VFs contribute to non-pathogenic ecological functions. These results highlight the minimal threat to public health posed by cold seeps, providing a reference for monitoring the spread of pathogenicity and resistance in extreme ecosystems and informing environmental safety assessments during deep-sea resource exploitation.
Temperature, but not plant cultivar, influence the efficacy of insecticidal dsRNA in Colorado potato beetle
Authors: Darrington Mike , Solocinski Jason , Zhou Sophia K. , Lecheta Melise C. , Palli Subba Reddy , Chen Yolanda H. , Teets Nicholas M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEnvironmental RNAi (eRNAi) is a recent innovation in insect pest control, and comprehensive risk assessment is needed to ensure the environmental safety and longevity of this technology. As eRNAi relies on the insect’s cellular machinery for its mode of action, environmentally mediated plasticity in the activity of cellular processes required for RNAi could influence efficacy and the development of resistance. Here, we investigated the extent to which plant cultivar and temperature influence the efficacy of insecticidal double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) targeting actin in larvae of the Colorado potato beetle (CPB;Leptinotarsa decemlineata). Potato cultivar did not significantly affect survival or gene silencing in dsRNA-treated larvae, indicating that efficacy is consistent across potato varieties, at least under laboratory conditions. However, the amount of leaf tissue consumed by larvae varied across cultivars, with consumption being inversely proportional to protein content. Thus, the ingested dose of dsRNA may vary across crop varieties. Temperature did influence RNAi efficacy, with both gene silencing and mortality being reduced when dsRNA treatment occurred at lower temperatures. After three days of feeding with dsRNA, gene silencing occurred at all temperatures, but knockdown efficiency was 62% at 30°C and 35% at 18°C. Beetles consumed significantly less leaf tissue (and thus dsRNA) at 18°C, but the observed temperature-dependent effects could not be fully explained by the quantity of dsRNA ingested. Further, efficacy at different temperatures was not related to transcript levels of core RNAi genes, indicating that other mechanisms are responsible for the observed effects. Overall, these results indicate that environmental conditions can influence the efficacy of insecticidal eRNAi and may affect the rate at which insects develop resistance to these technologies.
Changes in urinary proteins of unaffected individuals with a family history of frontotemporal dementia
Authors: Su Yan , Chu Min , Wang Haitong , Wu Liyong , Gao Youhe 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFrontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a very common type of neurodegenerative dementia and is the main cause of dementia in people under 65 years old. It has strong heritability. To explore whether there are urinary proteins and biological pathways that are different between those who have not been identified with FTD under existing diagnostic methods and healthy people, this study conducts urinary proteomics analysis on people without disease with a family history of FTD and healthy people. The results show that there are 387 significantly different proteins (P<0.01; FC≥2.0 or ≤0.5) between the two groups. Among them, many proteins have been reported to play a role in FTD or the nervous system. In particular, Progranulin (PGRN) is considered an effective biomarker for FTD. Among the 139 biological pathways enriched by differential proteins (P<0.01), there are many pathways directly related to neurons and the nervous system, including glial cells and microglia. The differences in urinary proteomes between people without disease with a family history of FTD and healthy people make urinary proteomics have the potential to provide clues in exploring potential FTD patient populations and exploring the mechanisms related to the early occurrence and development of FTD, opening up a new perspective for FTD prevention and early diagnosis.
Twin echo-enabled harmonic generation for enhanced coherent bunching at short wavelengths
Authors: Ferrari Eugenio 
Published: November 2024

Harmonic up-conversion schemes represent the most successful approach in externally seeded free-electron lasers (FELs) for obtaining radiation with laserlike properties at short wavelengths. They are, however, limited in the shortest achievable wavelengths, as the harmonic conversion efficiency decreases with increasing harmonic number, even for echo-enabled harmonic generation (EEHG). In the following, we introduce a novel externally seeded cascaded FEL scheme based on two EEHG stages, capable of obtaining unprecedented bunching fraction that is independent on the final FEL wavelength. The second stage can be operated both in conventional harmonic up-conversion but also in down-conversion, i.e., going toward (slightly) longer wavelengths. Higher bunching enables emission of laserlike radiation in the soft x-rays with large output power in a compact scheme. Its performance at 4 nm and shorter is investigated, demonstrating the ability to achieve multi-GW level, fully coherent pulses with laserlike properties and paving the way for externally seeded radiation at 1 nm and beyond.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Design of parameters for running-in cylinder liner piston rings based on running-in attractor
Authors: Lang Shihui , Zhu Hua , Wang Yao 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study aims to shorten the running-in time and improve the running-in quality of cylinder liner piston rings (CLPRs), the running-in tests were carried out and running-in parameters of CLPRs were designed based on running-in attractor theory, which can guide the choice of optimal working conditions for other friction pairs.

Design/methodology/approach
The running-in state and time under different working conditions are identified by the evolution law of the running-in attractor phase trajectory and fractal and chaotic characteristic quantities. The CLPRs running-in tests under different conditions were conducted and the friction signals were collected. The constructed phase trajectories and calculated chaotic parameters of the running-in attractor are obtained and the running-in state and time are identified by the evolution law of phase trajectories and chaotic characteristic quantities. The running-in quality is obtained by the surface morphology fractal dimension and characteristic roughness parameters.

Findings
The running-in parameters for short running-in time and good running-in quality are designed based on the fractal and chaotic theory and the optimal solution method are used to verify the results through the single objective or multi-objective optimization, and the corresponding optimal running-in parameters are obtained.

Originality/value
The optimal working condition parameters obtained from the design have guiding significance for the selection of CLPR running-in parameters, and this work can provide ideas for the other friction pairs.

Peer review
The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-05-2024-0179/
Balancing collaborative investment with opportunity costs in a carbon complementary supply chain
Authors: Zhang Shiyuan , Zheng Xiaoxue , Jia Fu 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThe carbon complementary supply chain (CCSC) is a collaborative framework that facilitates internal carbon credit trading agreements among supply chain agents in compliance with prevailing carbon regulations. Such agreements are highly beneficial, prompting agents to consider joint investment in emission reduction initiatives. However, capital investments come with inevitable opportunity costs, compelling agents to weigh the potential revenue from collaborative investments against these costs. Thus, this paper mainly explores carbon abatement strategies and operational decisions of the CCSC members and the influence of opportunity costs on the strategic choice of cooperative and noncooperative investment.Design/methodology/approachThe authors propose a novel biform game-based theoretical framework that captures the interplay of pricing competition and investment cooperation among CCSC agents and assesses the impact of opportunity costs on CCSC profits and social welfare. Besides, the authors also compare the biform game-based collaborative scenario (Model B) to the noncooperative investment scenario (Model N) to investigate the conditions under which collaborative investment is most effective.FindingsThe biform game-based collaborative investment strategy enhances the economic performance of the traditional energy manufacturer, who bears the risk of opportunity costs, as well as the retailer. Additionally, it incentivizes the renewable energy manufacturer to improve environmental performance through renewable projects.Originality/valueThis research contributes significantly by establishing a theoretical framework that integrates the concepts of opportunity costs and biform game theory, offering new insights into the strategic management of carbon emissions within supply chains.
Talent retention in Asian emerging markets: evidence from China and Malaysia
Authors: Sean Kuan-Thye , Ozer Muammer 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study talent retention, which has long been an important area of inquiry across many industries. Consistently, both academicians and practitioners have recommended several “posthire” solutions to retain employees, such as allowing employees to work from home, providing them with flexible work schedules, promoting a work–life balance and rewarding good performance. In this study, the authors focus on how the “prehire” career-related characteristics of call center agents and their personality traits relate to their turnover intentions. This is important because selecting the right person at the employee selection stage can prevent firms from trying to retain someone who is likely to quit his/her job.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors surveyed 442 employees working in the call centers of a major multinational logistics company across China and Malaysia and used covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) to test the model.

Findings
The results showed that call center agents who reapplied for a job in the current company had lower turnover intentions than first-time applicants. Similarly, call center agents who provided supplementary information during their application had lower turnover intentions than the ones who did not provide any such information. As for the personality traits, the results indicated that while the call center agents’ agreeableness and openness to experience were positively associated with their turnover intentions, their consciousness and emotional stability were negatively associated with them.

Originality/value
This study shows the uniqueness of Asian emerging markets and the call center industry by presenting several interesting patterns that are different from those that have been found in other industries.
The Association Between Periconceptual Maternal Dietary Patterns and Miscarriage Risk in Women With Recurrent Miscarriages: A Multicentre Cohort Study
Authors: Chung Yealin , Melo Pedro , Easter Christina , Price Malcolm J. , Dhillon‐Smith Rima , Quenby Siobhan , Devall Adam , Coomarasamy Arri 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo examine the association between periconceptual maternal diet and miscarriage risk among women with recurrent miscarriages.DesignProspective multicentre cohort study (Tommy's Net).SettingThree university hospital research centres in the United Kingdom.Population1035 women with a baseline history of two or more miscarriages.MethodsWe analysed baseline dietary data from a 10‐item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). For individual food category analyses, we used multivariable Poisson regression following adjustment for maternal confounders and paternal dietary patterns. For whole diet analyses, ordinal principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify common dietary patterns. Results were presented as relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and accompanying p‐values.Main Outcome MeasuresMiscarriage rate, defined as the rate of spontaneous pregnancy loss (< 24 weeks of gestation) relative to the total number of pregnancies (miscarriages and live births).ResultsHigh consumption of fruit and nuts (almonds and walnuts) was associated with lower miscarriage risk (fruit 226/662 (34.1%) vs. 38/77 (49.4%), RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.51 to 0.85, p = 0.001; nuts 47/152 (30.9%) vs. 220/613 (35.9%), RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.54 to 0.98, p = 0.039). High red meat intake was associated with a possible increase in miscarriage risk (6/12 (50.0%) vs. 165/469 (35.2%), RR 1.86, 95% CI 1.10 to 3.16, p = 0.022). The association with miscarriage risk was unclear for other food groups, including fresh vegetables, white meat, fish, dairy, eggs, soya and chocolate, due to imprecise point estimates. Through PCA, we identified three data‐derived dietary patterns. Yet, no distinct relationship emerged between these dietary patterns and miscarriage risk.ConclusionsA maternal diet rich in fresh fruits and nuts is associated with a lower miscarriage risk among women with a history of recurrent miscarriage.Trail RegistrationTommy's Net (ISRCTN17732518) https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN17732518. Analysis plan (OSF zp7cs) https://osf.io/zp7cs.
Maternal Cannabis Use Disorder and Neonatal Health Outcomes: A Data Linkage Study
Authors: Tadesse Abay Woday , Betts Kim , Dachew Berihun Assefa , Ayano Getinet , Alati Rosa 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveWe tested for the potential associations between maternal antenatal cannabis use disorders (CUD) and neonatal health outcomes using large linked administrative data.DesignPopulation‐based retrospective cohort study.SettingThe study was conducted in New South Wales, Australia.Population or SampleA total of 215 879 singleton live births.MethodsGeneralised linear models (GLMs) fitted using log‐binomial regression to estimate risk ratios (RRs) with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Additionally, we conducted a propensity score matching (PSM) analysis.Main Outcome MeasuresThe outcomes include preterm births (PTB), low birth weight (LBW), small for gestational age (SGA), 5‐min lower Apgar scores and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).ResultsIn unmatched analyses, antenatal CUD was associated with increased risks for all adverse neonatal outcomes (adjusted risk ratio [RR] ranging from 1.47 [95% CI: 1.01, 2.14] for 5‐min lower APGAR scores to 2.58 [95% CI 2.28, 2.91] for PTB). In PSM analyses, we observed slightly attenuated risks of PTB (RR = 1.98 [1.70, 2.31]), LBW (RR = 2.46 [2.13, 2.84]), SGA (RR = 1.84 [1.44, 2.35]) and admission to NICU (RR = 1.91 [1.49, 2.45]) after matching by covariates. However, we found no significant association between antenatal CUD and 5‐min low APGAR scores (RR = 1.47 [0.94, 2.30]).ConclusionWe found that maternal antenatal exposure to CUD is associated with a range of adverse neonatal outcomes. This study highlights that targeted interventions focusing on antenatal counselling are recommended to mitigate risks associated with maternal cannabis use.
Low‐acuity emergency department presentation characteristics and their association with Medicare‐subsidised general practitioner services across New South Wales: A data linkage study
Authors: Kaikhosrovi Mahsa , Bein Kendall , Haywood Philip , Seimon Radhika , Dinh Michael 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesIdentify clinical and demographic characteristics of low‐acuity presentations (LAPs) to the ED and analyse correlations between population rates of LAPs to ED and rates of Medicare‐subsidised general practitioner (GP) services across statistical areas.MethodsRetrospective data linkage study using state‐wide ED data and publicly available data on GP services per population by statistical area. We performed multilevel logistic regression to determine predictors of LAP at an individual level after adjusting for remoteness categories and performed correlations between rates of LAP and GP services per population across statistical areas in New South Wales, Australia. The primary outcome was the rate of LAPs to ED, LAPs being defined as patients who self‐presented to ED, assigned an Australasian Triage Score of 4 or 5 and subsequently discharged from ED.ResultsThere were 2.9 million ED presentations in 2021, of which 39.9% presentations were classified as LAP. LAPs were associated with younger age, routine care, eyes, ear, nose and throat and musculoskeletal presentations. The rate of LAPs was higher in non‐metropolitan areas. Additionally, 85% of LAPs were seen and discharged from ED within 4 h. There was an inverse correlation between the rate of Medicare‐subsidised GP services and the rate of total ED or LAPs in non‐metropolitan areas (ρ = −0.47, ρ = −056 and P = 0.012, P = 0.001, respectively). In metropolitan areas, correlations were either positive for all ED presentations (ρ = +0.41, P = 0.007) or not significant for LAPs (ρ = +0.18, P = 0.57).ConclusionsA relationship between LAPs to ED and Medicare‐subsidised GP episodes of care exists for non‐metropolitan but not metropolitan areas.
The Pacific in Transition: 50 Years on
Authors: Banks Glenn , Overton John 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe islands of the Pacific Ocean have been the subject of much study with regard to change and transformation. Current concerns with the effects climate change have not always been central and other discourses, such as development and progress, social change and decolonisation have interested the work of social scientists over several decades. Furthermore, until recently such research has been mainly carried out by individuals and institutions from outside the region. In this paper, we revisit a series of intensive fieldwork‐based studies conducted over 50 years ago out of the Australian National University and included in a book The Pacific in Transition edited by Harold Brookfield. We focus on three authors in this collection (Diana Howlett, William Clarke and Isireli Lasaqa). These, we argue, contained important and sometimes prescient insights into not only some of the fundamental processes of change in the region but also the limits of the dominant theoretical paradigms of the time. In addition, they also provide valuable lessons for the present day ways we conceive, study and interpret change in Oceania, as well as the need to foreground the agency, knowledges and realities of Pacific island people.
Are Corporations Like Psychopaths? Lessons On Moral Responsibility From Rio Tinto's Juukan Gorge Disaster
Authors: Schwenkenbecher Anne 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThere seems to be a striking parallel between the features of psychopaths and those of agential groups, including states and corporations. Psychopaths are often thought to lack some of the capacities that are constitutive of moral agency. Two features of psychopaths are commonly identified as grounds for limiting their moral responsibility: (i) their lack of relevant emotional capacities and (ii) their flawed rational capacities. Roughly, the first argument is that the lack of moral emotions such as sympathy, guilt, or shame negatively impacts moral perception and therewith an agent's capacity for moral reasoning. The second argument is that psychopaths are diminished in their agency as such, not just in their moral agency; they are erratic and impulsive and show other significant failures of rationality. Using the 2020 Juukan Gorge disaster in Western Australia as a case study, I conclude that deliberate or reckless corporate irrationality cannot be grounds for diminished corporate moral responsibility. Corporate agents are chiefly responsible for core aspects of their moral agency, including their internal epistemic structures and decision‐making processes. They have obligations to establish or maintain internal epistemic integrity and consistency.
Completion Thyroidectomy Trends and Rates: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Soibelman Daniel , Ronen Ohad 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn January 2016, the American Thyroid Association (ATA) published an update to the guidelines concerning the management of adult patients with thyroid nodules and well‐differentiated thyroid cancers. One of the revised recommendations states that lobectomy is a reasonable surgical approach for low‐risk patients. This systematic review compares the rates of completion thyroidectomy surgeries before and after the publication of the recent ATA guidelines.MethodsA systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses. PubMed and Embase databases were searched to find articles which demonstrate the rates of completion thyroidectomy surgeries in the last 6 years, before and after the recent ATA guidelines publication. Overall, 8744 titles and abstracts were screened, and 964 articles were fully assessed for eligibility. Eventually, 40 studies were included for data extraction. More than 48 000 patients with thyroid malignancy were included in the review, and were divided into three time periods according to the publication date of 2015 ATA guidelines.ResultsWe found that the rate of completion thyroidectomy was 51.8% before 2016 and 43.1% after the 2015 ATA guidelines publication. We observed a 17% reduction of early completion thyroidectomy surgeries since the 2015 ATA guidelines publication relative to previous periods, among patients with malignant pathology.ConclusionsApparently, more centres worldwide implemented the new guidelines and prefer a conservative surgical approach as compared to the pre‐ATA 2015 era.