bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative predictors of early death risk in bladder cancer patients treated with robot‐assisted radical cystectomy
Authors: Zhu Zhaowei , Wang Xiaojing , Wang Jiange , Wang Shengzheng , Fan Yafeng , Fu Tianlong , Cao Songqiang , Zhang Xuepei 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundEarly identification of early death for bladder cancer patients undergoing radical cystectomy based on the laboratory findings at the time of diagnosis could improve the overall survival. The study aimed to explore preoperative factors associated with higher risk of early death (within 1 year after surgery) for bladder cancer patients.MethodsA total of 186 bladder cancer patients who underwent robot‐assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) were identified between October 2014 and May 2017. The probability of dying within 1 year after RARC was defined as the end point “early death.” Predictive factors including clinical features and laboratory findings at diagnosis were retrospectively collected.ResultsMedian follow‐up time after RARC was 20.6 months (1.2‐43.7 months). Fifty‐one patients (27.4%) died during follow‐up and 31 within 1 year from surgery (1‐year mortality rate: 16.7%). All potentially prognostic factors were assessed on univariate analyses, which revealed the following factors as being associated with higher risk of early death within 1 year after RARC: older age (P = 0.004), advanced clinical stage (P = 0.005), presence of hydronephrosis (P = 0.021), higher fibrinogen (P = 0.007), higher PLR (P = 0.031), and lower PNI (P = 0.016). In a multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model analysis, age >60 years (HR = 7.303, 95% CI 1.734‐30.764; P = 0.007) and fibrinogen ≥3.295 g/L (HR = 2.396, 95% CI 1.138‐5.045; P = 0.007) at diagnosis were independent prognostic factors of early death after RARC.ConclusionAge and preoperative elevated plasma fibrinogen level were independent predictors for 1‐year mortality after RARC. We believe that plasma fibrinogen levels may become a useful biomarker, which may help guide the treatment decision‐making process for patients with bladder cancer.
Compartments for Synthetic Cells: Osmotically Assisted Separation of Oil from Double Emulsions in a Microfluidic Chip
Authors: Krafft Dorothee , López Castellanos Sebastián , Lira Rafael B. , Dimova Rumiana , Ivanov Ivan , Sundmacher Kai 
Published: May 2019

AbstractLiposomes are used in synthetic biology as cell‐like compartments and their microfluidic production through double emulsions allows for efficient encapsulation of various components. However, residual oil in the membrane remains a critical bottleneck for creating pristine phospholipid bilayers. It has been discovered that osmotically driven shrinking leads to detachment of the oil drop. Separation inside a microfluidic chip has been realized to automate the procedure, which allows for controlled continuous production of monodisperse liposomes.
Protein Spin Labeling with a Photocaged Nitroxide Using Diels–Alder Chemistry
Authors: Kugele Anandi , Silkenath Bjarne , Langer Jakob , Wittmann Valentin , Drescher Malte 
Published: May 2019

AbstractEPR spectroscopy of diamagnetic bio‐macromolecules is based on site‐directed spin labeling (SDSL). Herein, a novel labeling strategy for proteins is presented. A nitroxide‐based spin label has been developed and synthesized that can be ligated to proteins by an inverse‐electron‐demand Diels–Alder (DAinv) cycloaddition to genetically encoded noncanonical amino acids. The nitroxide moiety is shielded by a photoremovable protecting group with an attached tetra(ethylene glycol) unit to achieve water solubility. SDSL is demonstrated on two model proteins with the photoactivatable nitroxide for DAinv reaction (PaNDA) label. The strategy features high reaction rates, combined with high selectivity, and the possibility to deprotect the nitroxide in Escherichia coli lysate.
Generation of a Stand‐Alone Tryptophan Synthase α‐Subunit by Mimicking an Evolutionary Blueprint
Authors: Schupfner Michael , Busch Florian , Wysocki Vicki H. , Sterner Reinhard 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe αββα tryptophan synthase (TS), which is part of primary metabolism, is a paradigm for allosteric communication in multienzyme complexes. In particular, the intrinsically low catalytic activity of the α‐subunit TrpA is stimulated several hundredfold through the interaction with the β‐subunit TrpB1. The BX1 protein from Zea mays (zmBX1), which is part of secondary metabolism, catalyzes the same reaction as that of its homologue TrpA, but with high activity in the absence of an interaction partner. The intrinsic activity of TrpA can be significantly increased through the exchange of several active‐site loop residues, which mimic the corresponding loop in zmBX1. The subsequent identification of activating amino acids in the generated “stand‐alone” TrpA contributes to an understanding of allostery in TS. Moreover, findings suggest an evolutionary trajectory that describes the transition from a primary metabolic enzyme regulated by an interaction partner to a self‐reliant, stand‐alone, secondary metabolic enzyme.
Synthesis and Characterization of Pheox– and Phebox–Aluminum Complexes: Application as Tunable Lewis Acid Catalysts in Organic Reactions
Authors: Nishimoto Yoshihiro , Nakao Shuichi , Machinaka Shota , Hidaka Fumiko , Yasuda Makoto 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPheox– and Phebox–aluminum complexes were synthesized and subsequently characterized by spectroscopic analysis. These complexes acted as Lewis acid catalysts, and their catalytic activities were controlled by using the Pheox, Phebox, and heteroatom ligands. The Pheox–aluminum complex exhibited an opposite substrate selectivity to AlCl3 in a competitive hetero‐Diels–Alder reaction between electron‐rich and electron‐deficient aldehydes.
Clinical efficacy of daratumumab, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed or refractory myeloma: Utility of re‐treatment with daratumumab among refractory patients
Authors: Nooka Ajay K. , Joseph Nisha S. , Kaufman Jonathan L. , Heffner Leonard T. , Gupta Vikas A. , Gleason Charise , Boise Lawrence H. , Lonial Sagar 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundThe efficacy of daratumumab (DARA) both as a monotherapy and in combination with standard‐of‐care regimens in multiple myeloma (MM) has been established in clinical trials. This article presents a retrospective analysis of the safety and efficacy of DARA in combination with pomalidomide (POM) and dexamethasone (ie, daratumumab, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone [DARA‐POM‐D]) and, more importantly, the long‐term follow‐up of a cohort that was naive to DARA and POM as well as a cohort in which the utility of re‐treatment was evaluated among patients who were DARA‐ and/or POM‐refractory.MethodsThirty‐four consecutive patients with relapsed and/or refractory MM treated with DARA‐POM‐D at the Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University from January 2015 through July 2016 were included in the analysis. The study was approved by Emory University's institutional review board. All received prior proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) and were refractory to their last line of therapy.ResultsAll patients were lenalidomide‐refractory, and 91% were bortezomib‐refractory. Two cohorts were identified on the basis of prior exposure to DARA and/or POM. Cohort 1 (12 patients) was DARA‐ and POM‐naive, and cohort 2 (22 patients) was DARA‐ and/or POM‐refractory. A subgroup of 12 patients in cohort 2 (cohort 3) was DARA‐ and POM‐refractory. The combination's tolerability was consistent with the results of the published phase 1b study (EQUULES) that evaluated the combination and no new safety signals were observed. The overall response rates (ORRs) were 91.7%, 40.9%, and 33.3% in cohorts 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Deep responses, including 4 stringent complete responses, were observed in cohort 1. In cohort 2, the ORR comprised 8 partial responses (PRs) and 1 very good PR. The median progression‐free survival (PFS) was not reached in cohort 1 at a median follow‐up of 41 months, and it was 3.2 months in cohort 2. DARA‐POM‐D not only was effective in DARA‐ and POM‐naive patients but also produced clinical responses in a third of patients re‐treated with these drugs.ConclusionsA better than quadrupled PFS benefit observed in cohort 1 in comparison with the previously reported benefit in the EQUULEUS trial (which led to US Food and Drug Administration approval of the DARA‐POM‐D combination) highlights the fact that the introduction of monoclonal antibody combination strategies and IMiDs as earlier lines of therapeutic options potentially could deliver better clinical outcomes. One‐third of patients refractory to separate lines of DARA and/or POM responded when they were re‐treated with a combination, and this resulted in survival benefits equivalent to those of other antimyeloma agents/combinations available for DARA‐refractory patients.
Generation of T Cell Receptor Retrogenic Mice
Authors: Kong Yuelin , Jing Yi , Bettini Maria 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe ability to express and study a single T cell receptor (TCR) in vivo is an important aspect of both basic and translational immunological research. Traditionally, this was achieved by using TCR transgenic mice. In the past decade, a more efficient approach for single TCR expression was developed. This relatively rapid and accessible method utilizes retrovirus‐mediated stem cell–based gene transfer and is commonly referred to as the TCR retrogenic approach. In this approach, hematopoietic bone marrow precursors are transduced with retroviral vector carrying both alpha and beta chains of a T cell receptor. After successful transduction, bone marrow is injected into recipient mice, in which T cell development is driven by expression of the vector‐encoded TCR. This article details the materials and methods required to generate TCR retrogenic mice. It is divided into three sections and provides detailed methods for generation of stable retroviral producer cell lines, isolation and optimal transduction of hematopoietic bone marrow cells, and subsequent analysis of TCR retrogenic T cells. A detailed example of such analysis is provided. The current protocol is a culmination of many years of optimization and is the most efficient approach to date. Bone marrow transduction and transfer into recipient mice can now be achieved in a short period of four days. The protocol can be followed in most laboratories with standard biomedical equipment, and is supported by a troubleshooting guide that covers potential pitfalls and unexpected results. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Regioselective Oxidative Ring Cleavage of Antiaromatic Nickel(II) Norcorrole to Dialkoxybis(dipyrrin)s
Authors: Shafie Siham A. , Kawashima Hiroyuki , Miyake Yoshihiro , Shinokubo Hiroshi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractInvited for this month's cover is the group of Prof. Dr. Hiroshi Shinokubo at Nagoya University, Japan. The front cover shows the oxidative ring opening reaction of an antiaromatic porphyrinoid, norcorrole, into dipyrrin dimers. The background with the map of Japan represents the venue of ISNA‐18, which will be held in Sapporo, Japan in July 2019. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/cplu.201900068.
The value of cytology in diagnosis of serous effusions in malignant lymphomas: An experience of a tertiary care center
Authors: Patel Trupti , Patel Priya , Mehta Shailee , Shah Majal , Jetly Dhaval , Khanna Nisha 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundMalignant lymphomas (ML) are often complicated by serous effusions. The present study is an attempt to cytologically assess a large series of serous effusions associated with ML, identify the immunoreactivity of cells and to evaluate the role of various ancillary methods in confirming and subtyping these cases.MethodsA cross‐sectional study of 4612 serous effusions was undertaken at the Department of Cytology, Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute by retrieving data from the year 2015 to 2017. Total 169 cases of ML, clinically suspicious, were included. All cerebrospinal fluids, serous effusions involved by myeloid neoplasms, and cases of primary effusion lymphomas were excluded from our study. Pap stained smears of all these serous effusions were examined. Ancillary methods such as immunohistochemistry were used to further subtype the positive cases using the WHO classification of hematopoietic and lymphoid neoplasms (2016).ResultsOut of total 169 clinically suspicious cases, 109 cases were cytologically positive for ML which included 73 (66.9%) pleural effusions, 34 (31.1%) ascitic fluids, and 2 (1.8%) pericardial effusions. T‐lymphoblastic lymphoma (36.9%) and Burkitt's lymphoma (38.2%) were the most common ML involving the pleural and ascitic fluids respectively. Non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) more frequently involved the serous cavities than Hodgkin's lymphoma. (P value <.0001). Among the NHL, T‐cell lymphomas more commonly lead to serous effusions than B‐cell lymphomas (P value <.0048).ConclusionCytological examination of serous effusions is an accurate, prompt, affordable technique having diagnostic and therapeutic implications. With the help of ancillary methods, we can identify the phenotype of cells, classify as well as confirm our diagnosis.
Techno‐economic analysis of metal hydride‐based energy storage system in microgrid
Authors: Kumar Kuldeep , Alam Mohd , Dutta Viresh 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHydrogen can be a promising option as an energy storage medium in renewable power generator‐based microgrid. However, the technologies used for the hydrogen storage such as high pressure in gaseous form and solid storages can significantly affect the cost performance of the hydrogen‐based microgrid. In this study, a techno‐economic assessment for solid hydrogen storage (metal hydride [MH])‐based microgrid in Indian operating conditions has been carried out in terms of levelized cost of electricity (LCOE), net present cost, and avoided environmental emissions. In the present microgrid, excess photovoltaic (PV) generator electricity is used to generate hydrogen using the alkaline water electrolyzer (EL). This generated hydrogen is stored in the MH cylinder. The stored hydrogen is converted back into electricity by fuel cell (FC) in case of insufficiency of PV electricity. The sizing of the microgrid components such as PV, FC, EL, and hydrogen storage tank are obtained for given load profile using HOMER optimization tool. An attempt has been made for the cost evaluation of the solid and high‐pressure gaseous storages in the microgrid. A comparative study between two energy storage mediums such as battery and hydrogen in microgrid is also performed. In case of battery and hydrogen storages, the LCOE is found to be 0.1293 and 0.383 $/kWh, respectively. It was found that battery storage system is more economical than hydrogen storage in microgrid. Nonetheless, the difference between the LCOE in hydrogen‐based microgrid is reduced considerably with optimized cost scenario of the EL, FC, and H2 storage tank as compared to the battery storage. Such technical, economic, and environmental assessment of the MH‐based microgrid system provides a firm basis to policymakers for shaping energy and environment policies for hydrogen activities.
Review of solid particle materials for heat transfer fluid and thermal energy storage in solar thermal power plants
Authors: Calderón Alejandro , Barreneche Camila , Palacios Anabel , Segarra Mercè , Prieto Cristina , Rodriguez‐Sanchez Alfonso , Fernández Ana Inés 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCurrent concentrated solar power (CSP) plants that operate at the highest temperature use molten salts as both heat transfer fluid (HTF) and thermal energy storage (TES) medium. Molten salts can reach up to 565°C before becoming chemically unstable and highly corrosive. This is one of the higher weaknesses of the technology. Solid particles have been proposed to overcome current working temperature limits, since the particle media can be stable for temperatures close to 1000°C. This work presents a review of solid particles candidates to be used as HTF and TES in CSP plants in open receivers. In addition, the interactions between solid particles with major system components are described in this review, for example, with TES system or heat exchanger. The parameters and properties of solid particles are identified from the material science point of view explaining their nature and the relation to the power plant efficiency and lifetime durability. Finally, future development is proposed; such as material selection according to each specific design, materials characterization, or durability test.
Simplex space‐time meshes in compressible flow simulations
Authors: von Danwitz Max , Karyofylli Violeta , Hosters Norbert , Behr Marek 
Published: May 2019

SummaryEmploying simplex space‐time meshes enlarges the scope of compressible flow simulations. The simultaneous discretization of space and time with simplex elements extends the flexibility of unstructured meshes from space to time. In this work, we adapt a finite element formulation for compressible flows to simplex space‐time meshes. The method obtained allows, for example, flow simulation on spatial domains that change topology with time. We demonstrate this with the two‐dimensional simulation of compressible flow in a valve that fully closes and opens again. Furthermore, simplex space‐time meshes facilitate local temporal refinement. A three‐dimensional transient simulation of blow‐by past piston rings is run in parallel on 120 cores. The timings point out savings of computation time gained from local temporal refinement in four‐dimensional space‐time meshes.
Effects of Pleurotus eryngii (mushroom) powder and soluble polysaccharide addition on the rheological and microstructural properties of dough
Authors: Nie Yuanyang , Zhang Penghui , Deng Chujun , Xu Linshuang , Yu Mingjun , Yang Wei , Zhao Renyong , Li Bo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAdding a certain proportion of Pleurotus eryngii can improve the nutritional value of wheat‐flour foods and enhance the utilization of this mushroom. In this research, partial wheat flour was substituted with P. eryngii powder (PEP) or soluble polysaccharide (SPPE) at different addition levels, and the effects of PEP and SPPE on the rheological and microstructural properties of dough were investigated. Farinographic assay results suggested that PEP significantly (p < 0.05) increased the water absorption of wheat flour but decreased the development time and stability of dough significantly (p < 0.05). Furthermore, it was capable of providing weaker extensographic characteristics and harder dough with the increasing of PEP addition levels. The dynamic oscillatory tests indicated that the PEP addition approximately increased the storage (G′) and loss (G″) moduli in the entire frequency range, while the tan δ roughly decreased with the increasing of PEP addition levels, which could be attributed to the low solubility and strong water‐trapping capacity of the dietary fiber in PEP. Due to the good water solubility and easy formation of hydrogen bonds, the addition of SPPE had inconsistent results with the PEP addition. The inner microstructure of dough showed that the continuity of gluten networks had been disrupted by PEP and SPPE addition and then resulted in a weaker extension and harder dough. This research could provide a foundation for the application of PEP in wheat‐flour foods, and PEP addition levels of 2.5%–5.0% are recommended.
Establishing a method of HPLC involving precolumn derivatization by 2,2′‐dithiobis (5‐nitropyridine) to determine the sulfites in shrimps in comparison with ion chromatography
Authors: Yang Kai , Zhou Cheng , Yang Zhenhuan , Yu Lan , Cai Ming , Wu Changqing , Sun Peilong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAlthough sulfites are widely used in shrimp processing, the contents of residual sulfite need to be strictly controlled due to their potential toxicity. In this paper, a novel method was developed for determination of the free and total sulfites in shrimps. Major procedures of the method includes separation of free and total sulfites with ultrasound‐assisted extraction and pH adjustment for 20 min, then a precolumn derivatization was conducted by 2,2′‐Dithiobis (5‐nitropyridine) and verified by LC‐MS, and finally HPLC coupled with an ultraviolet (UV) detector was carried out. Results indicated that the UV absorption wavelength shifted from 213 (sulfites) to 320 nm (new disulfide compounds), significantly reducing the interference of natural occurring compounds and solvents in the matrix. The standard curves exhibited a good linear range of 3.2–51.2 mg/L (R2 = 0.9996). The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.3 and 1.0 mg/L, respectively. The contents of free and total sulfite in frozen shrimps were 26.58 ± 0.48 and 31.44 ± 0.83 mg/kg calculated by SO2, respectively. These were similar (p > 0.05) to the data obtained by the method of ion chromatography. In conclusion, the new developed method has been proved to be a reliable and economic method for effective determination of free and total sulfites in the shrimps, and the method could be expanded in determination of the sulfites in other food products.
Domestic cooking methods affect nutrient, phytochemicals, and flavor content in mushroom soup
Authors: Sun Yujing , Lv Feiyan , Tian Jinhu , Ye Xing qian , Chen Jianchu , Sun Peilong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe effects of different cooking methods, including autoclaving, microwaving, sous vide, and stewing, on the nutritional quality of mushroom (Hypsizygus marmoreus) soup were investigated. The results showed that all four cooking methods increased the polysaccharide, polyphenol, and amino acid levels compared to uncooked soup. Stewing increased protein content with the other cooking methods showing no change when compared with uncooked soup. Sous vide increased nucleotide content with the other methods decreasing nucleotide levels, and this method was also the best for increasing polyphenol and flavor compounds. Autoclaving generated the highest levels of polysaccharides. In summary, each method had a characteristic effect on mushroom soup properties, and cooking improved the nutritional value of mushrooms by the increase in releasing macro‐ and micronutrients.
Survival Network
Authors: Rössler Patrick , Droste Magdalena , Blümm Anke 
Published: May 2019

AbstractFounded 100 years ago, the Bauhaus was Germany's most successful cultural export of the 20th century. New research reveals how the communicative links between members of the Bauhaus enabled the institution to continue functioning after its closure in 1933 as an early form of “virtual community”. The study steps away from a more conventional stylistic examination to take a fresh look at the movement.