bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between the GHR, GHRHR and IGF1 gene polymorphisms and milk coagulation properties in Sarda sheep
Authors: Dettori Maria L. , Pazzola Michele , Pira Emanuela , Stocco Giorgia , Vacca Giuseppe M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe investigated whether variation of the sheep Growth Hormone Receptor (GHR), Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone Receptor (GHRHR) and Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF1) genes were associated with milk coagulation properties (MCP) in sheep. The GHR, GHRHR and IGF1 genes are part of the GH system, which is known to modulate metabolism, growth and reproduction as well as mammogenesis and galactopoiesis in dairy species. A total of 380 dairy Sarda sheep were genotyped for 36 SNPs mapping to these three genes. Traditional MCP were measured as rennet coagulation time (RCT), curd-firming time (k20) and curd firmness at 30 m (a30). Modeling of curd firming over time (CFt) was based on a 60 m lactodynamographic test, generating a total of 240 records of curd firmness (mm) for each milk sample. The model parameters obtained included: the rennet coagulation time as a result of modeling all data available (RCTeq, min); the asymptotic potential value of curd firmness (CFP, mm) at an infinite time; the CF instant rate constant (kCF, %/min); the syneresis instant rate constant (kSR, %/min); the maximum value of CF (CFmax, mm) and the time at achievement of CFmax (tmax, min). Statistical analysis revealed that variation of the GHR gene was significantly associated with RCT, kSR and CFP (P < 0.05). No other significant associations were detected. These findings may be useful for the dairy industry, as well as for selection programs.
The use of fluorescence lifetime technology in benign and malignant thyroid tissues
Authors: Nakache G , Yahav G , Siloni G H , Barshack I , Alon E , Wolf M , Fixler D 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the use of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy in thyroid tissues, and to investigate how different thyroid lesions affect fluorescence lifetime.MethodFluorescence lifetime measurements were taken of fresh frozen thyroid surgical specimens stained with fluorescein isothiocyanate tagged anti-thyroglobulin monoclonal antibodies.ResultsThe mean fluorescence lifetime measurements in 12 patients – 3 with multinodular goitre, 4 with follicular adenoma, 4 with papillary thyroid carcinoma and 1 with follicular carcinoma – were 3.16 ns (range, 2.66–3.52 ns), 3.75 ns (range, 2.99–4.57 ns), 2.97 ns (range, 2.57–3.21 ns) and 3.61 ns, respectively. The fluorescence lifetime of follicular adenoma patients was higher than that of papillary thyroid carcinoma patients by 26 per cent (p = 0.058). The fluorescence lifetime in the follicular carcinoma patient was similar to the follicular adenoma group, but higher than in the papillary thyroid carcinoma group by 22 per cent (p = 0.01).ConclusionFluorescence lifetime measurements varied in different thyroid pathologies, possibly because of tissue-scale structural influences.
Time of year, age class and body condition predict Hendra virus infection in Australian black flying foxes (Pteropus alecto)
Authors: Edson D. , Peel A. J. , Huth L. , Mayer D. G. , Vidgen M. E. , McMichael L. , Broos A. , Melville D. , Kristoffersen J. , de Jong C. , McLaughlin A. , Field H. E. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Hendra virus (HeV) continues to cause fatal infection in horses and threaten infection in close-contact humans in eastern Australia. Species of Pteropus bats (flying-foxes) are the natural reservoir of the virus. We caught and sampled flying-foxes from a multispecies roost in southeast Queensland, Australia on eight occasions between June 2013 and June 2014. The effects of sample date, species, sex, age class, body condition score (BCS), pregnancy and lactation on HeV antibody prevalence, log-transformed median fluorescent intensity (lnMFI) values and HeV RNA status were assessed using unbalanced generalised linear models. A total of 1968 flying-foxes were sampled, comprising 1012 Pteropus alecto, 742 P. poliocephalus and 214 P. scapulatus. Sample date, species and age class were each statistically associated with HeV RNA status, antibody status and lnMFI values; BCS was statistically associated with HeV RNA status and antibody status. The findings support immunologically naïve sub-adult P. alecto playing an important role in maintaining HeV infection at a population level. The biological significance of the association between BCS and HeV RNA status, and BCS and HeV antibody status, is less clear and warrants further investigation. Contrary to previous studies, we found no direct association between HeV infection and pregnancy or lactation. The findings in P. poliocephalus suggest that HeV exposure in this species may not result in systemic infection and virus excretion, or alternatively, may reflect assay cross-reactivity with another (unidentified) henipavirus.
You Research Like a Girl: Gendered Research Agendas and Their Implications
Authors: Key Ellen M. , Sumner Jane Lawrence 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTPolitical science, like many disciplines, has a “leaky-pipeline” problem. Women are more likely to leave the profession than men. Those who stay are promoted at lower rates. Recent work has pointed toward a likely culprit: women are less likely to submit work to journals. Why? One answer is that women do not believe their work will be published. This article asks whether women systematically study different topics than men and whether these topics may be less likely to appear in top political science journals. To answer this question, we analyzed the content of dissertation abstracts. We found evidence that some topics are indeed gendered. We also found differences in the representation of “women’s” and “men’s” topics in the pages of the top journals. This suggests that research agendas may indeed be gendered and that variation in research topic might be to blame for the submission gap.
Wisdom Ecclesiology: Renegotiating Church in the World
Authors: Lord Andy 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article seeks to articulate the ecclesiology of David Ford as one shaped by wisdom. Although central to Ford’s concerns, the nature of his ecclesiology has not yet been explored. The task is approached first by outlining Ford’s approach to theology found in his book Christian Wisdom and then detailing how his ecclesiology fits within his thinking in regard to wider concerns. I argue that key to understanding Ford’s ecclesiology is to see it within a movement from extensity to intensity and back to extensity. I argue that Ford’s ecclesiology represents a way of renegotiating the place of the church in the wider world. It is a significant contribution for the Anglican Church in Western settings which have seen widespread cultural changes. At the same time, Ford’s ecclesiology is limited by its particular intensive contextual engagements which neglect wider contextual and ecclesiological concerns.
Precipitation Characteristics in the Community Atmosphere Model and Their Dependence on Model Physics and Resolution
Authors: Chen Di , Dai Aiguo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPrecipitation amount (A), frequency (F), intensity (I), and duration (D) are important properties of precipitation, but their estimates are sensitive to data resolution. This study investigates this resolution dependence, and the influences of different model physics, by analyzing simulations by the Community Atmospheric Model (CAM) version 4 (CAM4) and version 5 (CAM5) with varying grid sizes from ~0.25 to 2.0°. Results show that both CAM4 and CAM5 greatly overestimate F and D but underestimate I at all resolutions, despite realistic A. These biases partly result from too much parameterized (convective) precipitation with high F and D but low I. Different cloud microphysics schemes contribute to the precipitation differences between CAM4 and CAM5. The A, F, I, and D of convective and nonconvective precipitation react differently to grid‐size decreases, leading to the large decreases in F and D but increases in the I for total precipitation as model resolution increases. This resolution dependence results from the increased probability of precipitation over a larger area (area aggregation effect, which is smaller than in observations) and the varying performance of model physics under changing resolution (model adjustment effect), which roughly enhances the aggregation‐induced dependence. Finer grid sizes not only increase resolved precipitation, which has higher intensity and thus improves overall precipitation intensity in CAM, but also reduce the area aggregation effect. Thus, the long‐standing drizzling problem in climate models may be mitigated by increasing model resolution and modifying model physics to suppress parameterized convective precipitation and enhance resolved nonconvective precipitation.
Integrating Qualitative Flow Observations in a Lumped Hydrologic Routing Model
Authors: Mazzoleni M. , Amaranto A. , Solomatine D.P. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study aims at proposing novel approaches for integrating qualitative flow observations in a lumped hydrologic routing model and assessing their usefulness for improving flood estimation. Routing is based on a three‐parameter Muskingum model used to propagate streamflow in five different rivers in the United States. Qualitative flow observations, synthetically generated from observed flow, are converted into fuzzy observations using flow characteristic for defining fuzzy classes. A model states updating method and a model output correction technique are implemented. An innovative application of Interacting Multiple Models, which use was previously demonstrated on tracking in ballistic missile applications, is proposed as state updating method, together with the traditional Kalman filter. The output corrector approach is based on the fuzzy error corrector, which was previously used for robots navigation. This study demonstrates the usefulness of integrating qualitative flow observations for improving flood estimation. In particular, state updating methods outperform the output correction approach in terms of average improvement of model performances, while the latter is found to be less sensitive to biased observations and to the definition of fuzzy sets used to represent qualitative observations.
Fault Stability Perturbation by Thermal Pressurization and Stress Transfer Around a Deep Geological Repository in a Clay Formation
Authors: Urpi L. , Rinaldi A. P. , Rutqvist J. , Wiemer S. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe increase of temperature of a low‐permeability, fluid‐saturated media may trigger significant thermal pressurization, where the expansion of pore fluid cannot be accommodated by the thermal expansion of the pore space. With the aid of a coupled thermohydromechanical numerical simulator, we investigate the possible impact of thermal pressurization during the life of a deep geological repository (DGR) for high‐level radioactive waste, characterized by the emplacement of radioactive material‐filled canisters in a series of parallel tunnels, excavated in a low‐permeability clay formation. We represent the fault as a planar structure embedded in a thermoporoelastic material and shear activation evaluated by a strain‐softening Mohr‐Coulomb failure criterion. The results show that stress changes caused by temperature and thermal pressurization of a rock mass around the emplacement tunnels may trigger a slip event on a fault plane in proximity of the geological disposal site: Rupture nucleates at depth, hundreds of meters below the DGR. Stress transfer plays a key role, while a direct hydraulic connection between the repository and the nucleation zone is not necessary in order to trigger rupture. A low stress ratio may favor the occurrence of slip up to a distance of 600 m of the fault from the outermost tunnel. These results highlight the need of investigating hydromechanical properties and local stress conditions at depth to characterize the geomechanical response of weak planes located in the surroundings of a high‐level radioactive waste repository and to provide sufficient knowledge for the safe development of the DGR site.
Limits of topological protection under local periodic driving
Authors: Fedorova Z. , Jörg C. , Dauer C. , Letscher F. , Fleischhauer M. , Eggert S. , Linden S. , von Freymann G. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe bulk-edge correspondence guarantees that the interface between two topologically distinct insulators supports at least one topological edge state that is robust against static perturbations. Here, we address the question of how dynamic perturbations of the interface affect the robustness of edge states. We illuminate the limits of topological protection for Floquet systems in the special case of a static bulk. We use two independent dynamic quantum simulators based on coupled plasmonic and dielectric photonic waveguides to implement the topological Su-Schriefer-Heeger model with convenient control of the full space- and time-dependence of the Hamiltonian. Local time-periodic driving of the interface does not change the topological character of the system but nonetheless leads to dramatic changes of the edge state, which becomes rapidly depopulated in a certain frequency window. A theoretical Floquet analysis shows that the coupling of Floquet replicas to the bulk bands is responsible for this effect. Additionally, we determine the depopulation rate of the edge state and compare it to numerical simulations.
Vibrational enhancement of quadrature squeezing and phase sensitivity in resonance fluorescence
Authors: Iles-Smith Jake , Nazir Ahsan , McCutcheon Dara P. S. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractVibrational environments are commonly considered to be detrimental to the optical emission properties of solid-state and molecular systems, limiting their performance within quantum information protocols. Given that such environments arise naturally it is important to ask whether they can instead be turned to our advantage. Here we show that vibrational interactions can be harnessed within resonance fluorescence to generate optical states with a higher degree of quadrature squeezing than in isolated atomic systems. Considering the example of a driven quantum dot coupled to phonons, we demonstrate that it is feasible to surpass the maximum level of squeezing theoretically obtainable in an isolated atomic system and indeed come close to saturating the fundamental upper bound on squeezing from a two-level emitter. We analyse the performance of these vibrationally-enhanced squeezed states in a phase estimation protocol, finding that for the same photon flux, they can outperform the single mode squeezed vacuum state.
Probing the Unruh effect with an accelerated extended system
Authors: Lima Cesar A. Uliana , Brito Frederico , Hoyos José A. , Vanzella Daniel A. Turolla 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIt has been proved in the context of quantum fields in Minkowski spacetime that the vacuum state is a thermal state according to uniformly accelerated observers—a seminal result known as the Unruh effect. Recent claims, however, have challenged the validity of this result for extended systems, thus casting doubts on its physical reality. Here, we study the dynamics of an extended system, uniformly accelerated in the vacuum. We show that its reduced density matrix evolves to a Gibbs thermal state with local temperature given by the Unruh temperature $$T_{\mathrm{U}} = \hbar a/(2\pi ck_{\mathrm{B}})$$

T

U

=
ℏ
a
∕

(

2
π
c

k

B

)

, where a is the system’s spatial-dependent proper acceleration—c is the speed of light and kB and $$\hbar$$
ℏ
are the Boltzmann’s and the reduced Planck’s constants, respectively. This proves that the vacuum state does induce thermalization of an accelerated extended system—which is all one can expect of a legitimate thermal reservoir.
Screen printing of silver nanowires: balancing conductivity with transparency while maintaining flexibility and stretchability
Authors: Li Weiwei , Yang Shuai , Shamim Atif 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPrinting metal nanowires are particularly attractive as compared to conventional coating methods due to the ease of processing, direct patterning, and large-scale fabrication capability. However, it is still challenging to print metal nanowire patterns that simultaneously have high conductivity, high transparency, flexibility, and stretchability. Three steps have been taken in this work to balance the transparency and conductivity of the screen-printed flexible and stretchable silver nanowire films, (1) selection of the ink formulation, (2) optimization of the printing parameters, and (3) posttreatment with a laser. The as-obtained silver nanowire patterns are large-area and demonstrate an ultralow sheet resistance of 1.9 ohm/sq, high transmittance (73%) at the wavelength of 550 nm, and an ultrahigh figure of merit (~136) as compared to the printed silver nanowire electrodes in the literature. The screen-printed transparent patterns exhibit excellent electrical stability and mechanical repeatability when subjected to 1000 bending cycles with a bending radius of 28 mm and 1000 stretch-release cycles with 10% strain, which makes the transparent patterns suitable for the fabrication of flexible, transparent microwave absorbers. The absorption performance of the prepared frequency selective surface absorbers indicates no obvious degradation after various manipulating configurations and multiple bending and stretching cycles. The results are promising enough to make this ink and screen-printing process suitable for many applications of flexible, stretchable, and transparent electronics.
Hepatic triglyceride content does not affect circulating CETP: lessons from a liraglutide intervention trial and a population-based cohort
Authors: van Eyk Huub J. , Blauw Lisanne L. , Bizino Maurice B. , Wang Yanan , van Dijk Ko Willems , de Mutsert Renée , Smit Johannes W. A. , Lamb Hildo J. , Jazet Ingrid M. , Rensen Patrick C. N. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is mainly expressed by Kupffer cells in the liver. A reduction of hepatic triglyceride content (HTGC) by pioglitazone or caloric restriction is accompanied by a decrease in circulating CETP. Since GLP-1 analogues also reduce HTGC, we assessed whether liraglutide decreases CETP. Furthermore, we investigated the association between HTGC and CETP in a population-based cohort. In a placebo-controlled trial, 50 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to treatment with liraglutide or placebo added to standard care. In this trial and in 1,611 participants of the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity (NEO) study, we measured HTGC and circulating CETP by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and ELISA, respectively. The HTGC was decreased in the liraglutide group (−6.3%; 95%CI of difference [−9.5, −3.0]) but also in the placebo group (−4.0%; 95%CI[−6.0, −2.0]), without between-group differences. CETP was not decreased by liraglutide (−0.05 µg/mL; 95%CI[−0.13, 0.04]) or placebo (−0.04 µg/mL; 95%CI[−0.12, 0.04]). No association was present between HTGC and CETP at baseline (β: 0.002 µg/mL per %TG, 95%CI[−0.005, 0.009]) and between the changes after treatment with liraglutide (β: 0.003 µg/mL per %TG, 95%CI[−0.010, 0.017]) or placebo (β: 0.006 µg/mL per %TG, 95%CI[−0.012,0.024]). Also, in the cohort n o association between HTGC and CETP was present (β: −0.001 µg/mL per SD TG, 95%CI[−0.005, 0.003]). A reduction of HTGC after treatment with liraglutide or placebo does not decrease circulating CETP. Also, no association between HTGC and CETP was present in a large cohort. These findings indicate that circulating CETP is not determined by HTGC.Clinical Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01761318).
The Metabolic Cost of Walking in healthy young and older adults – A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis
Authors: Das Gupta Sauvik , Bobbert Maarten F. , Kistemaker Dinant A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe Metabolic Cost of Walking (MCoW) is an important variable of daily life that has been studied extensively. Several studies suggest that MCoW is higher in Older Adults (OA) than in Young Adults (YA). However, it is difficult to compare values across studies due to differences in the way MCoW was expressed, the units in which it was reported and the walking speed at which it was measured. To provide an overview of MCoW in OA and YA and to investigate the quantitative effect of age on MCoW, we have conducted a literature review and performed two meta-analyses. We extracted data on MCoW in healthy YA (18–41 years old) and healthy OA (≥59 years old) and calculated, if not already reported, the Gross (GCoW) and Net MCoW (NCoW) in J/kg/m. If studies reported MCoW measured at multiple speeds, we selected those values for YA and OA at which MCoW was minimal. All studies directly comparing YA and OA were selected for meta-analyses. From all studies reviewed, the average GCoW in YA was 3.4 ± 0.4 J/kg/m and 3.8 ± 0.4 J/kg/m in OA (~12% more in OA), and the average NCoW in YA was 2.4 ± 0.4 J/kg/m and 2.8 ± 0.5 J/kg/m in OA (~17% more in OA). Our meta-analyses indicated a statistically significant elevation of both GCoW and NCoW (p < 0.001) for OA. In terms of GCoW, OA expended about 0.3 J/kg/m more metabolic energy than YA and about 0.4 J/kg/m more metabolic energy than YA in terms of NCoW. Our study showed a statistically significant elevation in MCoW of OA over YA. However, from the literature it is unclear if this elevation is directly caused by age or due to an interaction between age and methodology. We recommend further research comparing MCoW in healthy OA and YA during “natural” over-ground walking and treadmill walking, after sufficient familiarization time.
New therapeutic target for pediatric anaplastic ependymoma control: study of anti-tumor activity by a Kunitz-type molecule, Amblyomin-X
Authors: Pavon Lorena Favaro , Capper David , Sibov Tatiana Tais , de Toledo Silvia Regina Caminada , Thomale Ulrich-W. , de Souza Jean Gabriel , Cabral Francisco Romero , Berra Carolina Maria , Silva da Costa Marcos Devanir , Mendonça Niçacio Jardel , Dastoli Patrícia Alessandra , de Oliveira Daniela Mara , Malheiros Suzana M. F. , da Cruz Edgar Ferreira , Malheiros Jackeline Moraes , de Oliveira Sérgio Mascarenhas , Silva Nasjla Saba , Petrilli Antonio Sérgio , Cappellano Andrea Maria , Brunialti Milena Colò , Salomão Reinaldo , de Paiva Neto Manoel A. , Chudzinski-Tavassi Ana Marisa , Cavalheiro Sérgio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEPNs comprise a heterogeneous group of neuroepithelial tumors, accounting for about 10% of all intracranial tumors in children and up to 30% of brain tumors in those younger than 3 years. Actually, the pattern therapy for low-grade EPNs includes complete surgical resection followed by radiation therapy. Total surgical excision is often not possible due to tumor location. The aim of this study was to evaluate, for the first time, the anti-tumor activity of Amblyomin-X in 4 primary cultures derived from pediatric anaplastic posterior fossa EPN, Group A (anaplastic, WHO grade III) and one primary culture of a high grade neuroepithelial tumor with MN1 alteration, which was initially misdiagnosed as EPN: i) by in vitro assays: comparisons of temozolomide and cisplatin; ii) by intracranial xenograft model. Amblyomin-X was able to induce cell death in EPN cells in a more significant percentage compared to cisplatin. The cytotoxic effects of Amblyomin-X were not detected on hFSCs used as control, as opposed to cisplatin-treatment, which promoted a substantial effect in the hAFSCs viability. TEM analysis showed ultrastructural alterations related to the process of cell death: mitochondrial degeneration, autophagosomes and aggregate-like structures. MRI and histopathological analyzes demonstrated significant tumor mass regression. Our results suggest that Amblyomin-X has a selective effect on tumor cells by inducing apoptotic cell death and may be a therapeutic option for Group AEPNs.