bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photosynthetic adaptation to low iron, light, and temperature in Southern Ocean phytoplankton
Authors: Strzepek Robert F. , Boyd Philip W. , Sunda William G. 
Published: February 2019

Significance
Controls on phytoplankton productivity in the extreme environment of the Southern Ocean has received widespread attention. This polar region presents three challenges to primary producers: how to subsist under the joint constraints of low temperatures, low light, and growth-limiting concentrations of the essential trace element iron. The resident phytoplankton have overcome these extreme environmental conditions with a unique combination of physiological adaptations. They have modified parts of their photosynthetic machinery to harvest low levels of light without substantially increasing their iron requirements, and in a way that may exploit the low temperature in their environment. Together, these adaptations enable them to use iron and light more efficiently and grow faster than environmental conditions should otherwise permit.
Biosynthesis of magnetic nanoparticles from nano-degradation products revealed in human stem cells
Authors: Van de Walle Aurore , Plan Sangnier Anouchka , Abou-Hassan Ali , Curcio Alberto , Hémadi Miryana , Menguy Nicolas , Lalatonne Yoann , Luciani Nathalie , Wilhelm Claire 
Published: February 2019

Significance
Naturally occurring magnetic nanoparticles have been detected in human cells; however, their origin and role remain unknown. In the present paper, the observation of long-term transformations of man-made magnetic nanoparticles internalized in human stem cells displays a mechanism regarding their assimilation. Indeed, the nanoparticles are first degraded by the stem cells, and then new magnetic nanoparticles are synthesized in situ from the released iron. This “remagnetization” phenomenon is observed under specific pathways only, involves the ferritin protein, and seems linked to a detoxification mechanism in case of iron excess. It also brings a direct experimental proof that magnetic nanoparticles can be synthesized by human cells.
Report on Gulfmet supplementary comparison measurement of gauge blocks by interferometry (GULFMET.L-S2)
Authors: Sendogdu D , Yaman O , Cetin T , Hamid R , Sahin E , Senel C , Asar M , Alqahtani N , Alqahtani F , Talhh Y B , Almutari A 
Published: February 2019

This Bilateral Comparison of gauge blocks calibration by interferometry was held in 2017. The gauge blocks measured in the comparison, are short (2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 10 mm, 50 mm, 80 mm and 100 mm) and long gauge blocks (200 mm, 500 mm and 600 mm).
The blocks were inspected and illustrated prior and after the comparison according to the stability. The degree of equivalence is calculated for each of the gauge blocks and the results show that there is a degree of equivalence within 1. The latest comparison, which UME had participated, is EURAMET.L-K1.2011, calibration of short and long gage blocks by interferometry. Since GULFMET is a new RMO, this comparison can provide a link to the EURAMET key comparison.
KEY WORDS FOR SEARCH
Gauge blocks, length measurement, interferometry, comparison

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCL, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Report of CCQM-K149 nitrogen mass fraction measurements in milk powder
Authors: Medvedevskikh, Maria , Krasheninina Maria , González Cárdenas Ivonne Alejandra , Erazo Laura Vanessa Morales , Forigua Diego Alejandro Ahumada , Rego Eliane C P do , Wollinger Wagner , Monteiro Tânia M , Carvalho Lucas J de , Garcia Steve Ali Acco , Chan Kelly WY , Fung Wai-hong , Haraldsson Conny , Gavrilkin Vladimir , Kulik Sergey , Rodriguez Lic Gabriela , Aida Zharkynbekova 
Published: February 2019

CCQM key comparison K-149 in the field of nitrogen mass fraction in milk powder has been performed by the Inorganic Analysis Working Group (IAWG) of the Consultative Committee for Amount of Substance (CCQM).
The aim of this key comparison CCQM-K149 is to support National Measurement Institutes (NMIs) and Designated Institutes (DIs) to demonstrate the validity of the procedures they employed for determination of nitrogen mass fraction in milk powder. Mass fraction of nitrogen is a very important pointer because the results of these measurements are often used for the determination of protein mass fraction that is an important indicator of the quality of the vast majority of food products and raw materials, in particular dry milk powder. Proteins-enzymes catalyze chemical reactions, protein along with fats and carbohydrates is one of the indicators characterizing the energy value of food, so its definition is mandatory for all food products.
The material, milk powder, used for this key comparison has been selected to be representative of the food products. Furthermore, the material shows good properties regarding homogeneity and stability. The results from the key comparison and other experiments indicates that the milk powder studied is suitable for use as a certified reference material.
Ural Scientific Research Institute for Metrology (UNIIM) acted as the coordinating laboratory of this comparison.
Eight NMIs and two DIs participated in this key comparison. This report contains the results of the key comparison.
KEY WORDS FOR SEARCH
Nitrogen; mass fraction; milk powder; CCQM; chemistry; BIPM KCDB; CIPM MRA

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Direct quantitative photoacoustic tomography for realistic acoustic media
Authors: Javaherian Ashkan , Holman Sean 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Quantitative photo-acoustic tomography (QPAT) seeks to reconstruct a distribution of optical attenuation coefficients inside a sample from a set of time series of pressure data that is measured outside the sample. The associated inverse problems involve two steps, namely acoustic and optical, which can be solved separately or as a direct composite problem. We adopt the latter approach for realistic acoustic media that possess heterogeneous and often not accurately known distributions for sound speed and ambient density, as well as an attenuation following a frequency power law that is evident in tissue media. We use a diffusion approximation (DA) model for the optical portion of the problem. We solve the corresponding composite inverse problem using three total variation (TV) regularised optimisation approaches. Accordingly, we develop two Krylov-subspace inexact-Newton algorithms that utilise the Jacobian matrix in a matrix-free manner in order to handle the computational cost. Additionally, we use a gradient-based algorithm that computes a search direction using the L-BFGS method, and applies a TV regularisation based on the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) as a benchmark, because this method is popular for QPAT and direct QPAT. The results indicate the superiority of the developed inexact Newton algorithms over gradient-based quasi-Newton approaches for a comparable computational complexity.
Introduction
Authors: Campbell Gordon 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
What is a garden? What do gardens mean? The Introduction considers these questions and also how, at a deeper level, the garden represents the interdependence of humans and other parts of the natural world. The garden is a space designated for a partnership between human activity and a compliant natural world. Gardens can be in numerous forms and mean many different things to different people. This VSI provides a short survey of garden history, using examples of gardens that no longer exist as well as ones that do and that can be visited all around the world. It also attempts to set gardens in the context of cultural memory.
Missing value estimation methods for DNA methylation data
Authors: Di Lena Pietro , Sala Claudia , Prodi Andrea , Nardini Christine 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMotivationDNA methylation is a stable epigenetic mark with major implications in both physiological (development, aging) and pathological conditions (cancers and numerous diseases). Recent research involving methylation focuses on the development of molecular age estimation methods based on DNA methylation levels (mAge). An increasing number of studies indicate that divergences between mAge and chronological age may be associated to age-related diseases. Current advances in high-throughput technologies have allowed the characterization of DNA methylation levels throughout the human genome. However, experimental methylation profiles often contain multiple missing values that can affect the analysis of the data and also mAge estimation. Although several imputation methods exist, a major deficiency lies in the inability to cope with large datasets, such as DNA methylation chips. Specific methods for imputing missing methylation data are therefore needed.ResultsWe present a simple and computationally efficient imputation method, metyhLImp, based on linear regression. The rationale of the approach lies in the observation that methylation levels show a high degree of inter-sample correlation. We performed a comparative study of our approach with other imputation methods on DNA methylation data of healthy and disease samples from different tissues. Performances have been assessed both in terms of imputation accuracy and in terms of the impact imputed values have on mAge estimation. In comparison to existing methods, our linear regression model proves to perform equally or better and with good computational efficiency. The results of our analysis provide recommendations for accurate estimation of missing methylation values.Availability and implementationThe R-package methyLImp is freely available at https://github.com/pdilena/methyLImp.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Changing Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia: Results From a 21-Year, Prospective, Longitudinal Study
Authors: Souli Maria , Ruffin Felicia , Choi Seong-Ho , Park Lawrence P , Gao Shengli , Lent Nicholas Christopoulos , Sharma-Kuinkel Batu K , Thaden Joshua T , Maskarinec Stacey A , Wanda Lisa , Hill-Rorie Jonathan , Warren Bobby , Hansen Brenda , Fowler Vance G 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background
We conducted a longitudinal study to evaluate changes in the clinical presentation and epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) in an academic, US medical center.

Methods
Consecutive patients with monomicrobial SAB were enrolled from January 1995 to December 2015. Each person’s initial bloodstream S. aureus isolate was genotyped using spa typing. Clonal complexes (CCs) were assigned using Ridom StaphType software. Changes over time in both the patient and bacterial characteristics were estimated with linear regression. Associations between genotypes or clinical characteristics and complications were estimated using multivariable regression models.

Results
Among the 2348 eligible participants, 54.2% had an implantable, foreign body of some type. This proportion increased significantly during the 21-year study period, by 0.96% annually (P = .002), as did comorbid conditions and acquisition outside of the hospital. Rates of any metastatic complication also significantly increased, by 0.94% annually (P = .019). Among the corresponding bloodstream S. aureus isolates, spa-CC012 (multi-locus sequence type [MLST] CC30), -CC004 (MLST CC45), -CC189 (MLST CC1), and -CC084 (MLST CC15) all significantly declined during the study period, while spa-CC008 (MLST CC8) significantly increased. Patients with SAB due to spa-CC008 were significantly more likely to develop metastatic complications in general, and abscesses, septic emboli, and persistent bacteremia in particular. After adjusting for demographic, racial, and clinical variables, the USA300 variant of spa-CC008 was independently associated with metastatic complications (odds ratio 1.42; 95% confidence interval 1.02–1.99).

Conclusions
Systematic approaches for monitoring complications of SAB and genotyping the corresponding bloodstream isolates will help identify the emergence of hypervirulent clones and likely improve clinical management of this syndrome.
Invasive Fungal Infection After Lung Transplantation: Epidemiology in the Setting of Antifungal Prophylaxis
Authors: Baker Arthur W , Maziarz Eileen K , Arnold Christopher J , Johnson Melissa D , Workman Adrienne D , Reynolds John M , Perfect John R , Alexander Barbara D 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundLung transplant recipients commonly develop invasive fungal infections (IFIs), but the most effective strategies to prevent IFIs following lung transplantation are not known.MethodsWe prospectively collected clinical data on all patients who underwent lung transplantation at a tertiary care academic hospital from January 2007–October 2014. Standard antifungal prophylaxis consisted of aerosolized amphotericin B lipid complex during the transplant hospitalization. For the first 180 days after transplant, we analyzed prevalence rates and timing of IFIs, risk factors for IFIs, and data from IFIs that broke through prophylaxis.ResultsIn total, 156 of 815 lung transplant recipients developed IFIs (prevalence rate, 19.1 IFIs per 100 surgeries, 95% confidence interval [CI] 16.4–21.8%). The prevalence rate of invasive candidiasis (IC) was 11.4% (95% CI 9.2–13.6%), and the rate of non-Candida IFIs was 8.8% (95% CI 6.9–10.8%). First episodes of IC occurred a median of 31 days (interquartile range [IQR] 16–56 days) after transplant, while non-Candida IFIs occurred later, at a median of 86 days (IQR 40–121 days) after transplant. Of 169 IFI episodes, 121 (72%) occurred in the absence of recent antifungal prophylaxis; however, IC and non-Candida breakthrough IFIs were observed, most often representing failures of micafungin (n = 16) and aerosolized amphotericin B (n = 24) prophylaxis, respectively.ConclusionsLung transplant recipients at our hospital had high rates of IFIs, despite receiving prophylaxis with aerosolized amphotericin B lipid complex during the transplant hospitalization. These data suggest benefit in providing systemic antifungal prophylaxis targeting Candida for up to 90 days after transplant and extending mold-active prophylaxis for up to 180 days after surgery.
Widespread pain is a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality: results from the Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Tesarz Jonas , Eich Wolfgang , Baumeister David , Kohlmann Thomas , D'Agostino Ralph , Schuster Alexander K 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Aims
With the introduction of widespread pain (WSP) as a separate diagnostic code in the ICD-11, WSP has now become an own clinical diagnosis independent of the underlying pathophysiology. Research has reported aetiological associations of WSP and cardiovascular diseases. However, studies on mortality risk in individuals with WSP have reported inconsistent results. This study investigates whether there is increased mortality in WSP individuals and establish potential determinants of mortality risk. Therefore, we evaluates the population-based prospective cohort of the Framingham Heart Study (FHS).

Methods and results
The FHS is a longitudinal multi-generational study. Pain status was assessed uniquely between 1990 and 1994. Cox proportional hazards modelling was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) of WSP on all-cause mortality controlling for sex and age, cardiovascular risk factors, cancer history, lifestyle factors and current medication. WSP examination was carried out in 4746 participants of the FHS (60.3 ± 13.5 years, 55.1% women). A total of 678 (14.5%) subjects fulfilled the criteria for WSP, whereas 4011 (85.5%) subjects did not. The follow-up time was 15 years, during which 202 persons died in the WSP group and 1144 in the no-WSP group. When adjusting for age and sex, all-cause mortality was increased by about 16% in WSP subjects. Individuals with WSP had an increased HR particularly for cardiovascular cause of death (HR adjusted by age and sex = 1.46, 95% confidence interval 1.10–1.94).

Conclusion
Our data show that in a large population-based cohort, WSP is associated with increased HR for cardiovascular cause of death, underlining the need for pain assessments in cardiovascular practice.
Mode-of-action of the PROPELLA concept in fulminant myocarditis
Authors: Spillmann Frank , Van Linthout Sophie , Schmidt Gunther , Klein Oliver , Hamdani Nazha , Mairinger Thomas , Krackhardt Florian , Maroski Bastian , Schlabs Thomas , Soltani Sajjad , Anker Stefan , Potapov Evgenij V , Burkhoff Daniel , Pieske Burkert , Tschöpe Carsten 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Aims
Haemodynamic load induces cardiac remodelling via mechano-transduction pathways, which can further trigger inflammatory responses. We hypothesized that particularly in an inflammatory disorder such as myocarditis, a therapeutic strategy is required which, in addition to providing adequate circulatory support, unloads the left ventricle, decreases cardiac wall stress, and mitigates inflammatory responses.

Methods and results
Axial flow pumps such as the Impella systems comply with these requirements. Here, we report a potential mode-of-action of prolonged Impella support (PROPELLA concept) in fulminant myocarditis, including a decrease in cardiac immune cell presence, and integrin α1, α5, α6, α10 and β6 expression during unloading.

Conclusion
PROPELLA may provide benefits beyond its primary function of mechanical circulatory support in the form of additional disease-altering effects, which may contribute to enhanced myocardial recovery/remission in patients with chronic fulminant myocarditis.
Towards explaining time trends in adolescents’ alcohol use: a multilevel analysis of Swedish data from 1988 to 2011
Authors: Kim Yunhwan , Evans Brittany E , Hagquist Curt 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background
Alcohol use has decreased among Swedish adolescents in the past few decades. We examined peer and parent factors (i.e. time spent with peers, time spent with parents and parental monitoring) that could contribute to explaining this trend by investigating their main effects and interaction effects with investigation years on alcohol use. We furthermore examined whether municipality-level socioeconomic conditions could contribute to explaining the trend.

Methods
We used data from a repeated cross-sectional study that took place eight times between 1988 and 2011. The study targeted all ninth grade students (15–16 years old) in Värmland County, Sweden. Adolescents (N = 22 257) reported their monthly alcohol use, time spent with peers and parents and parental monitoring. Municipality-level socioeconomic conditions were based on parent education levels.

Results
Logistic multilevel regression analyses showed that peer and parent factors and municipality-level socioeconomic conditions were associated with alcohol use among adolescents. The interaction effects between peer and parent factors and investigation years were not significant. The decreased trend in time spent with peers was associated with the decreased trend in frequency of alcohol use over time.

Conclusions
The findings of the current study provide an indication that the decreased trend in alcohol use that has been observed in Swedish adolescents over the past few decades may be related to changes in adolescents’ social interactions with peers.
How Well Do Consumer-Brand Relationships Drive Customer Brand Loyalty? Generalizations from a Meta-Analysis of Brand Relationship Elasticities
Authors: Khamitov Mansur , Wang Xin (Shane) , Thomson Matthew 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTo advance understanding of how well different types of brand relationships drive customer brand loyalty and to help companies improve the effectiveness of their relationship-building investments, this article conducts a meta-analysis of the link between five consumer-brand relationship constructs and customer brand loyalty. The analysis of 588 elasticities from 290 studies reported in 255 publications over 24 years (n = 348,541 across 46 countries) reveals that the aggregate brand relationship elasticity is .439. More importantly, results demonstrate under what conditions various types of brand relationships increase loyalty. For example, while elasticities are generally highest for love-based and attachment-based brand relationships, the positive influence of brand relationships on customer brand loyalty is stronger in more recent (vs. earlier) years, for nonstatus (vs. status) and publicly (vs. privately) consumed brands, and for estimates using attitudinal (vs. behavioral) customer brand loyalty. Overall, the results suggest that brand relationship elasticities vary considerably across brand, loyalty, time, and consumer characteristics. Drawing on these findings, the current research advances implications for managers and scholars and provide avenues for future research.
Privacy, Sensitive Questions, and Informed Consent
Authors: Plutzer Eric 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSurvey science is driven to maximize data quality and reduce Total Survey Error (TSE). At the same time, survey methodologists have ethical and professional obligations to protect the privacy of respondents and ensure their capacity to provide informed consent for their participation, for data linkage, passive data collection, and the archiving of replication data. We have learned, however, that both sensitive topics and the consent process can contribute to errors of representation and errors of measurement. These compound threats to data quality that arise due to broader concerns about privacy, the intrusiveness of surveys, and the increasing number of participation requests directed to the same respondents. This article critically assesses the extant literature on these topics—including six original articles in this issue—by viewing these challenges through the lens of the TSE framework. This helps unify several distinct research programs and provides the foundation for new research and for practical innovations that will improve data quality.