bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rotational Evolution of the Slowest Radio Pulsar, PSR J0250+5854
Authors: Kou F. F. , Tong H. , Xu R. X. , Zhou X. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We apply theoretical spin-down models of magnetospheric evolution and magnetic field decay to simulate the possible evolution of PSR J0250+5854, which is the slowest-spinning radio pulsar detected to date. Considering the alignment of inclination angle in a 3D magnetosphere, it is possible that PSR J0250+5854 has a high magnetic field comparable with magnetars or/and high magnetic field pulsars, if a small inclination angle is considered. Our calculations show that similar long-period pulsars tend to have a relatively low period derivative in this case. In another case of magnetic field decay, calculations also show a possible connection between PSR J0250+5854 and high dipole-magnetic field magnetars. The evolutionary path indicates a relatively high spin-down rate for similar long-period pulsars.
High-resolution Observation of Moving Magnetic Features
Authors: Li Qin , Deng Na , Jing Ju , Liu Chang , Wang Haimin 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Moving magnetic features (MMFs) are small magnetic elements moving almost radially away from sunspots toward the boundary of moat regions. They are mostly seen during the decay phase of a sunspot. Here we present a high-resolution observation of MMFs around a sunspot in NOAA AR 12565 on 2016 July 14 using the the 1.6 m Goode Solar Telescope (GST) at Big Bear Solar Observatory. The spectropolarimetric measurements of photospheric magnetic field are obtained from GST’s newly commissioned Near Infra-Red Imaging Spectropolarimeter at the Fe i 1.56 μm line. The statistical study of physical properties of identified fine-scale MMFs (i.e., size, lifetime, inclination, horizontal velocity, and flux) is presented. The origin of the minority polarity flux in the sunspot is determined. Same as the majority polarity flux, the minority polarity flux can originate from mid-penumbra with highly inclined fields. The role of MMFs in both polarities in the flux evolution of the sunspot is speculated, as they can both contribute to the sunspot evolution.
Diviser la mère ?
Authors: Kahn Laurence 
Published: May 2019

Distinguer la figure maternelle de l'illimité que l'infans appelle de ses cris, c'est-à‑dire la diviser avec les mots, équivaut‑il à une forme de matricide ? En creusant l'écart entre les « trois Électre » (Eschyle, Sophocle, Euripide), l'auteur interroge la position de l'effroi ainsi que la configuration de la haine meurtrière dans la relation homosexuelle selon Freud. Quelle relation avec la division des deux figures maternelles selon Hésiode : Nux la Ténébreuse, Gaïa la lumineuse et l'érotique ?
À la recherche du meurtre de la mère
Authors: Baldacci Jean-Louis 
Published: May 2019

Dans la perspective freudienne, c'est le meurtre du père qui est fondateur. Mais le « meurtre » de la mère n'en serait‑il pas l'avant-coup nécessaire ? L'auteur suppose que la trace du meurtre de la mère doit s'inscrire dès le début au cœur de la parole, entendue et adressée. C'est la recherche de cette trace, guidée par la parole et en particulier la parole de transfert, qui permettrait l'après coup du meurtre du père et grâce à lui, donnerait au langage son pouvoir symbolique. En d'autres termes serait-ce l'élaboration d'un double meurtre qui désendeuillerait le langage ? Rêve, jeu, humour, littérature et surtout clinique du transfert mettent au travail cette hypothèse.
La tentation du mythe
Authors: Merot Patrick 
Published: May 2019

La tentation est de donner au meurtre de la mère une position symétrique au meurtre du père. Après une lecture critique de l'Orestie par Mélanie Klein, l'auteur soutient que le détachement de la mère qui permet l'accès au langage ne peut se confondre avec son meurtre. Tuer la mère, c'est tuer la langue, ce qu'illustrent a contrario les récits d'Aharon Appelfeld : tuer sa langue maternelle à quoi il s'est trouvé contraint parce qu'elle était devenue porteuse de mort, s'est douloureusement confondu avec un matricide.
Associação entre a periodontite apical e o diabetes mellitus: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Mendes Liliane Nicolini , Teixeira Mariana Seixas , Michelon Carina , Bello Mariana De Carlo 
Published: May 2019

Objetivo: O presente trabalho tem por objetivo realizar uma revisão de literatura buscando verificar a relação entre o diabetes mellitus e a periodontite apical (PA). Revisão da Literatura: A PA caracteriza-se por uma perda óssea na região do ápice dental que decorre principalmente da contaminação do sistema de canais radiculares. Embora a PA seja um processo inflamatório local, na região do periápice radicular, sua progressão pode ser influenciada por patologias sistêmicas, como o diabetes. O Diabetes Melittus é uma patologia crônica em que há alteração na produção de insulina ou resistência à ação da mesma, este hormônio auxilia a manter a concentração normal de glicose sanguínea. O quadro de hiperglicemia crônica presente no paciente diabético descompensado ocasiona alterações fisiológicas, que permitem suspeitar de uma relação entre o diabetes e a progressão de lesões periapicais. Considerações finais: A literatura estudada sugere uma associação positiva entre a presença do diabetes e a progressão de lesões periapicais. Porém apesar dos estudos apontarem que existe uma maior prevalência de periodontite apical em diabéticos ainda são poucas as evidências científicas sobre o assunto.

Palavras-chave: periodontite apical, diabetes mellitus, endodontia, doença sistêmica.
Perfil clínico-epidemiológico do Carcinoma Epidermoide Oral em pacientes adultos jovens dos 20 aos 45 anos:
Authors: Fontes da Silva Alex Ariano , Barros Caio César Da Silva , Freitas de Morais Everton , Campos Pinheiro Juliana , Galvão Barboza Carlos Augusto , Silva de Arruda Morais Maria De Lourdes 
Published: May 2019

Objetivo: Identificar e descrever o perfil clínico e epidemiológico do Carcinoma epidermoide oral em pacientes adultos jovens. Revisão da literatura: Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática, utilizando-se como fontes de buscas as bases de dados eletrônicas Lilacs, Scielo, Pumed e Periodicos Capes, através dos descritores: câncer oral, carcinoma de células escamosas oral, epidemiologia e paciente jovem, nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português no período de janeiro de 2003 a janeiro de 2016. Foram identificados um total 348 artigos, sendo 171 no Periodicos Capes, 126 no PubMed, 26 no Lilacs e 02 no Scielo. Após análise dos estudos localizados, oito artigos foram selecionados para presente revisão sistemática. Conclusão: São necessários mais estudos para a identificação das características clínicas e epidemiológicas do tumor nesta população, bem como a padronização da faixa etária referente ao termo adulto jovem, visto que estes esclarecimentos podem refletir no seu controle e possibilitar o desenvolvimento de um programa de prevenção primária para o CEO oral em pacientes jovens.

Palavras-Chave: Neoplasias Bucais. Carcinoma de Células Escamosas. Adulto Jovem. Epidemiologia. Etiologia.
Uczenie się od praktyków i z praktyki szkolnej – refleksje o barierach peryferyjnego uczestnictwa
Authors: Nowicka Marzenna 
Published: May 2019

Preparing students for the profession of a teacher involves internships in kindergartens and schools. Learning from practitioners and through practice can be considered in the light of E. Wenger’s theory of situated learning. The article presents the results of research aimed at identifying the experiences of post-graduate students of early-childhood studies related to the peripheral participation in early-childhood teachers communities of practice. The research project was carried out in accordance with the grounded theory, data were collected on the basis of analysis of documents, i.e. student documentation from continuous internships in kindergarten and school, presented in the form of critical events. On the basis of analysis of students’ statements, the barriers to learning from practitioners were identified - for example: encircling by the routine, superficiality activities, cultivating the teacher-expert worship; closing of teachers on modification of their practice; deprecating trainees and their activities, blocking the attempts of students to act differently. The article presents the characteristics of identified blockades, which are illustrated with examples from the collected empirical material.
Osteopathic Cranial Manipulative Medicine and the Blood-Brain Barrier: A Mechanistic Approach to Alzheimer Prevention
Authors: McAree Michael , Dunn Alexis , Furtado Jared , Timmerman Clinton , Winchell Zachary , Rani Radhika , Farah Jennifer , Crispino Lauren J. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction may be implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease, thus establishing a link between disease manifestation and compromised neurovasculature. The authors identify relationships between Alzheimer disease and BBB breakdown, the response of the BBB to increased cerebral blood flow and shear stress, and the impact of osteopathic cranial manipulative medicine on cerebrovascular hemodynamics. They propose and review a rationale for future research to evaluate osteopathic cranial manipulative medicine as a preventive treatment for patients with illnesses of neurovascular origin.
The interactive effect of herbivory, nutrient enrichment and mucilage on shallow rocky macroalgal communities
Authors: Caronni Sarah , Calabretti Chiara , Citterio Sandra , Delaria Maria Anna , Gentili Rodolfo , Macri Giovanni , Montagnani Chiara , Navone Augusto , Panzalis Pieraugusto , Piazza Giulia , Ceccherelli Giulia 
Published: May 2019

This paper focuses on the interactive short and long-term effect of three different stressors on a macroalgal assemblage. Three stressors are considered: herbivory, nutrients and mucilage. The experiment was conducted in Tavolara Punta Coda Cavallo Marine Protected Area (Mediterranean Sea) during a bloom of the benthic mucilage-producing microalga Chrysophaeum taylorii (Pelagophyceae); this microalga is recently spreading in the Mediterranean Sea. On a rocky substratum, 36 plots 20 × 20 cm in size were prepared. Factorial combinations of three experimental treatments were applied in triplicate, including three grazing levels crossed with two nutrient enrichment and two mucilage removal treatments. Significant differences were observed among treatments 8 weeks later, at the end of summer. In particular, dark filamentous algae were more abundant in all enriched plots, especially where mucilage and macroalgae had been removed; a higher percent cover of crustose coralline algae was instead observed where nutrients had been increased and no grazing pressure acted. Furthermore, the abundance of Dictyota spp. and Laurencia spp. was significantly higher in enriched mucilage-free plots where the grazing pressure was null or low. However, the effects of the treatments on the overall assemblage of the macroalgal community were not long persistent (36 weeks later). These results illustrate the capacity of a shallow-water macroalgal community to quickly recover from the simultaneous impacts of herbivory, nutrient enrichment, and mucilage.
Determination of Proximate Composition and Phytochemical Constituents of Corchorus oliterious (Ewudu) Harvested in Ugep, Cross River State
Authors: Ekpo Grace , Eteng O. E. , Bassey Stella , Leah Alabi , Abam Kenyoh , Ufort Saviour , Uboh Friday 
Published: May 2019

Aims: To Determine the proximate composition and phytochemicals constituents of Corchorus olitorious leaves harvested in ugep, Cross River State. The leaves were purchased locally. Methodology: The leaves were washed to remove sand and other particles like pieces of wood which may act as contaminants, thereafter the leaves were dried to a certain temperature. The dried leaves were blended into powder using a standard method of AOAC (2005) (Association of analytical chemist). Evaluation of Corchorus Oliterous for proximate and phytochemical composition were conducted using standard methods.
Results: The result obtained on the proximate composition of Corchorus Oliterious revealed the following; Moisture (84.40±0.10 mg/100g), Ash (2.90±0.10 mg/100g), Protein (4.66±0.02 mg/100g), Fibre (2.70±0.10 mg/100g), Fat (4.30±0.10 mg/100g) and Carbohydrate (85.10±0.02 mg/100g). The phytochemical analysis of the leaf extracts of Corchorus olitorious which was done both Qualitatively and quantitatively revealed the presence of alkaloids (2.40±0.10 mg/100g), glycoside (2.53±0.01 mg/100g), saponins (3.32±0.02 mg/100g), Tannins (0.47±0.01 mg/100g), flavonoid (6.30±0.10 mg/100g), reducing compounds (4.60±0.02 mg/100g) and polyphenols (6.50±0.02 mg/100g).
Conclusion: the leafy vegetables of this plant if consume in sufficient amount would contribute greatly to the nutritional requirement for human health.
Mitochondria‐Targeted Two‐Photon Fluorescent Photosensitizers for Cancer Cell Apoptosis via Spatial Selectability
Authors: Ni Yun , Zhang Hang , Chai Chou , Peng Bo , Zhao Ang , Zhang Jie , Li Lin , Zhang Chengwu , Ma Bo , Bai Hua , Lim Kah‐Leong , Huang Wei 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOrganelle‐targeted photosensitizers have been reported to be effective cell apoptosis agents. Mitochondria is recognized as an ideal target for cancer treatment due to its central role in oxidative metabolism and apoptosis. Meanwhile, two‐photon (TP) fluorescence microscopy has become a powerful tool for fluorescence imaging in biological events based on its minimizing photodamage/photobleaching and intrinsic 3D resolution in deep tissues and in vivo. In this study, a series of novel mitochondrial‐targeted TP fluorescent photosensitizers (TP‐tracers) are designed, synthesized, and systematically investigated. These TP‐tracers exhibit extraordinary anti‐interference capability among different cations, anions, and amino acids as well as the insensitivity to the changes of pH and complex biological environments. TP‐tracers are further used in fluorescence living cells, Drosophila brains, and zebrafish imaging with low cytotoxicity, excellent mitochondria‐targeting, and TP properties. The results demonstrate efficient mitochondria‐targeting cell selective apoptosis based on TP‐activated cancer cells with highly single cell selectivity, and the pharmacokinetic study reveals that MitoY2 does not have accumulation in rats. It is believed that these molecules hold great potential in TP‐related smart phototherapy.
Differential Homeostasis of Sessile and Pendant Epithelium Reconstituted in a 3D‐Printed “GeminiChip”
Authors: Cai Pingqiang , Li Zhuyun , Keneth Ela Sachyani , Wang Luying , Wan Changjin , Jiang Ying , Hu Benhui , Wu Yun‐Long , Wang Shutao , Lim Chwee Teck , Makeyev Eugene V. , Magdassi Shlomo , Chen Xiaodong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractLocal mechanical cues can affect crucial fate decisions of living cells. Transepithelial stress has been discussed in the context of epithelial monolayers, but the lack of appropriate experimental systems leads current studies to approximate it simply as an in‐plane stress. To evaluate possible contribution of force vectors acting in other directions, double epithelium in a 3D‐printed “GeminiChip” containing a sessile and a pendant channel is reconstituted. Intriguingly, the sessile epithelia is prone to apoptotic cell extrusion upon crowding, whereas the pendant counterpart favors live cell delamination. Transcriptome analyses show upregulation of RhoA, BMP2, and hypoxia‐signaling genes in the pendant epithelium, consistent with the onset of an epithelial–mesenchymal transition program. HepG2 microtumor spheroids also display differential spreading patterns in the sessile and pendant configuration. Using this multilayered GeminiChip, these results uncover a progressive yet critical role of perpendicular force vectors in collective cell behaviors and point at fundamental importance of these forces in the biology of cancer.
Analysis and Measurement of Adhesive Behavior for Gecko‐Inspired Synthetic Microwedge Structure
Authors: Chu Zhongyi , Wang Chang , Hai Xiao , Deng Jie , Cui Jing , Sun Lining 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSynthetic microwedge adhesive inspired by gecko has great advantages in its prominent adhesion property and controllability. Clarifying the adhesion mechanism is significant for designing structure and enhancing performance. However, previous investigations have not given a thorough exposition in the adhesion mechanism of microwedge structure, especially, the complex relationship among shear load, contact area, and normal adhesion. In this paper, aiming to clarify the relationship mentioned above, a novel microwedge adhesive representation combined profile‐constructed elastic beam model with a peel zone radius exact‐solved cylindrical Johnson–Kendall–Roberts (JKR) model is proposed. First, the contact area can be obtained by reconstructing principal profile to the curved neutral surface based on the elastic beam model under different shear loads. Then the cylindrical JKR model with exact‐solved fitting radius of peel zone is formulated to establish the relationship between shear load and normal adhesion of a single microwedge. Further, the effective contact between neighboring microwedges is considered to constrain the single microwedge deformation. Moreover, the microwedge array model takes into account the influence of normal movement, which is expressed with a correction factor based on comparison of theoretical analysis and measurement results. Finally, the model is verified with the simulation and the experimental measurement of two customized apparatuses.
Mutational spectrum of dystrophinopathies in Singapore: Insights for genetic diagnosis and precision therapy
Authors: Tomar Swati , Moorthy Vikaesh , Sethi Raman , Chai Josiah , Low Poh Sim , Hong Stacey Tay Kiat , Lai Poh San 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDuchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies (DMD/BMD) are X‐linked recessive disorders caused by mutations in the DMD gene. Emerging therapies targeting patients with specific mutations are now becoming a reality for many of these patients. Precise molecular diagnosis is essential to facilitate the identification of possible new treatments for patients in the local context. In this study, we screened 145 dystrophinopathic patients in Singapore and assessed their molecular status for eligibility to current emerging genetic therapies. Overall, 140 (96.5%) of all patients harbored pathogenic DMD mutations comprising 95 exonic deletions (65.5%), 14 exonic duplications (9.7%), and 31 pathogenic small mutations (21.4%). Nonsense and frameshift mutations constitute 83.9% of all the small mutations. We found 71% (103/145) of all Singaporean dystrophinopathy patients to be theoretically amenable for exon skipping, either through skipping of single (53.1%) or multiple exons (17.9%). This approach is applicable to 81.1% (77/95) of patients carrying deletions and 83.9% (26/31) of those with small mutations. Eteplirsen induced skipping of exon 51 is applicable to 12.4% of local patients. Nonsense read‐through therapy was found to be applicable in another 12.4% of all patients. Mutation screening is crucial for providing insights into the underlying genetic signature of the disease in the local population and contributes toward existing information on DMD mutations in Asia and globally. This will guide future targeted drug development and clinical trial planning for this disease.
Nation‐wide failure of voluntary folic acid fortification of corn masa flour and tortillas with folic acid
Authors: Kancherla Vijaya , Averbach Hallie , Oakley Godfrey P. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) required all enriched cereal grains to be fortified with folic acid in 1998. In April 2016, the FDA published regulations allowing voluntary fortification of corn masa flour with folic acid to address the high prevalence of folic acid‐preventable spina bifida and anencephaly among Hispanics. Our objective was to survey folic acid‐fortified corn masa and corn tortilla products in the country using a national social media campaign.METHODSIn January 2019, we conducted a social media campaign (#FindFolicAcid) engaging citizens nationwide to survey local stores for folic acid in corn masa flour and corn tortilla products. Photos of products and nutrition labels were shared with the researchers on various social media portals (e.g., Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram). The posts were summarized for a descriptive analysis.RESULTSPeople from 28 states shared photos of 132 products, including 43 unique corn masa flour or corn tortilla products. Of those, only three corn masa flour products included folic acid: (a) Maseca Instant White (4.4 lb bag); (b) Masa Brosa Instant; and (c) Masa Brosa Instant Blue. None of the corn tortilla products were fortified.CONCLUSIONThere is a failure of voluntary folic acid fortification of corn masa flour and products nationally. Until folic acid fortification of corn masa products is implemented fully in the country, Hispanic women of reproductive age should take a daily vitamin supplement which includes at least 400 mcg of folic acid to prevent spina bifida and anencephaly.
Multiscale simulation of the effects of atrioventricular block and valve diseases on heart performance
Authors: Syomin Fyodor A. , Zberia Maria V. , Tsaturyan Andrey K. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA new mathematical model of the cardiovascular system is proposed. The left ventricle is described by an axisymmetric multiscale model where myocardium is treated as an incompressible transversely isotropic medium with a realistic distribution of fibre orientation. Active tension and its regulation by Ca2+ ions are described by our recent kinetic model. A lumped parameter model is used for the simulation of blood circulation, in which the left and right atria and the right ventricle are described by a system of ordinary differential equations for active pressure‐volume relationships. The stress and strain of the left ventricle myocardium were calculated by the finite element method implemented by the authors. The changes in the haemodynamics upon changes in preload of a healthy heart, upon physical exercise, and in case of atrioventricular block with different types of arrhythmias were simulated. To simulate the effect of stenosis or regurgitation of the aortic or mitral valves, the hydraulic and inertial flow resistances of the heart valves were set as functions of their orifice areas. The model reproduced a number of phenomena observed in clinical practice, including the classification of the severity of valve disease.