bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How I manage ibrutinib intolerance and complications in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Stephens Deborah M. , Byrd John C. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractChronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) therapy has changed dramatically with the introduction of several targeted therapeutics. Ibrutinib was the first approved for use in 2014 and now is used for initial and salvage therapy of CLL patients. With its widespread use in clinical practice, ibrutinib’s common and uncommon adverse events reported less frequently in earlier clinical trials have been experienced more frequently in real-world practice. In particular, atrial fibrillation, bleeding, infections, and arthralgias have been reported. The management of ibrutinib’s adverse events often cannot be generalized but must be individualized to the patient and their long-term risk of additional complications. When ibrutinib was initially developed, there were limited therapeutic alternatives for CLL, which often resulted in treating through the adverse events. At the present time, there are several effective alternative agents available, so transition to an alternative CLL directed therapy may be considered. Given the continued expansion of ibrutinib across many therapeutic areas, investigation of the pathogenesis of adverse events with this agent and also clinical trials examining therapeutic approaches for complications arising during therapy are needed. Herein, we provide strategies we use in real-world CLL clinical practice to address common adverse events associated with ibrutinib.
Defective negative regulation of Toll-like receptor signaling leads to excessive TNF-α in myeloproliferative neoplasm
Authors: Lai Hew Yeng , Brooks Stefan A. , Craver Brianna M. , Morse Sarah J. , Nguyen Thanh Kim , Haghighi Nahideh , Garbati Michael R. , Fleischman Angela G. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPatients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) have high levels of inflammatory cytokines, some of which drive many of the debilitating constitutional symptoms associated with the disease and may also promote expansion of the neoplastic clone. We report here that monocytes from patients with MPN have defective negative regulation of Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling that leads to unrestrained production of the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) after TLR activation. Specifically, monocytes of patients with MPN are insensitive to the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL-10) that negatively regulates TLR-induced TNF-α production. This inability to respond to IL-10 is a not a direct consequence of JAK2V617F, as the phenotype of persistent TNF-α production is a feature of JAK2V617F and wild-type monocytes alike from JAK2V617F-positive patients. Moreover, persistent TNF-α production was also discovered in the unaffected identical twin of a patient with MPN, suggesting it could be an intrinsic feature of those predisposed to acquire MPN. This work implicates sustained TLR signaling as not only a contributor to the chronic inflammatory state of MPN patients but also a potential predisposition to acquire MPN.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Genistein inhibits stemness of SKOV3 cells induced by macrophages co-cultured with ovarian cancer stem-like cells through IL-8/STAT3 axis
Authors: Ning Yingxia , Feng Weifeng , Cao Xiaocheng , Ren Kaiqun , Quan Meifang , Chen A. , Xu Chang , Qiu Yebei , Cao Jianguo , Li Xiang , Luo Xin 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background
Recent studies showed that macrophages co-cultured with ovarian cancer stem-like cells (OCSLCs) induced SKOV3 cell stemness via IL-8/STAT3 signaling. Genistein (GEN) demonstrates chemopreventive activity in inflammation-associated cancers. The present study aimed to examine whether and if GEN inhibits the stemness of SKOV3 and OVCA-3R cells induced by co-culture of THP-1 macrophages and SKOV3-derived OCSLCs.

Methods
The co-culture was treated with or without different concentrations (10, 20, and 40 μmol/L) of GEN for 24 h. Depletion or addition of IL-8 in Co-CM and knockdown or overexpression of STAT3 in THP-1 macrophages was performed to demonstrate the possible associated mechanisms. The combined effects of GEN and STAT3 knockdown were examined with the nude mouse modle by co-injection of SKOV3-derived OCSLCs with THP-1 macrophages.

Results
Our results showed that GEN down-regulated CD163 and p-STAT3 expression of THP-1 macrophage, decreased the levels of IL-10, increased the levels of IL-12 and nitric oxide (NO) in the conditioned medium, and reduced the clonogenic and sphere-forming capacities and the expression of CD133 and CD44 in SKOV3 cells induced by co-culture of THP-1 macrophages and OCSLCs in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, depletion or addition of IL-8 enhanced or attenuated the effect of GEN. Additionally, knockdown or overepression of STAT3 in THP-1 macrophages potentiated or attenuated the inhibitory effects of GEN. Importantly, STAT3 overexpression retrieved the effects of IL-8 combined with GEN depletion on M2 polarization of THP-1 macrophages and stemness of SKOV3 cells induced by co-culture. The combination of GEN and STAT3 knockdown cooperatively inhibited the growth of tumors co-inoculated with OCSLCs/THP-1 macrophages in nude mice in vivo through blocking IL-8/STAT3 signaling.

Conclusions
In summary, our findings suggested that GEN can inhibit the increased M2 polarization of macrophages and stemness of ovarian cancer cells by co-culture of macrophages with OCSLCs through disrupting IL-8/STAT3 signaling axis. This assisted GEN to be as a potential chemotherapeutic agent in human ovarian cancer.
Origin of the Difference in Ion-Water Distances Determined by X-ray and Neutron Diffraction Measurements for Aqueous NaCl and KCl Solutions
Authors: Kameda Yasuo , Amo Yuko , Usuki Takeshi , Umebayashi Yasuhiro , Ikeda Kazutaka , Otomo Toshiya 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Experimental evidence has been presented on the difference in intermolecular ion-water distances obtained from X-ray and neutron diffraction methods. Simultaneous least squares fitting procedures were performed for X-ray and neutron interference terms observed for (NaCl)x(*H2O)1−x, (x = 0, 0.02, 0.05, and 0.098) and (KCl)x(*H2O)1−x, (x = 0, 0.02, 0.05, and 0.075) solutions at 25 °C, respectively. The null-water mixture was employed for neutron diffraction measurements for these solutions to eliminate structural contribution from hydrogen atoms. It has been revealed that the hydration numbers of Na+ and K+ are concentration dependent and the values for lower-concentration limit are 5 and 6, respectively. The nearest neighbor Na+⋯H2O and K+⋯H2O distances are obtained to be 2.36–2.37 and 2.75–2.82 Å, respectively. In order to examine the effect of the separate treatment of interactions between ion-oxygen and ion-hydrogen atoms in the X-ray model function, simultaneous fitting procedures were carried out for X-ray and neutron diffraction data observed for 9.8 mol% NaCl and 7.5 mol% KCl solutions by employing the individual atom model for the X-ray interference term. Obtained Na+⋯O and K+⋯O distances are ca. 0.02 Å shorter than those determined by the simultaneous fit employing the usual united model for water molecules. The nearest neighbor Cl−⋯O distance derived from the simultaneous fit by means of the individual atom model exhibits ca. 0.1 Å shorter than that obtained from the fit using the united atom model. The present Cl−⋯O distance agrees with that obtained from neutron diffraction measurements on 35Cl/37Cl isotopically substituted aqueous 5 mol% Na*Cl solutions in D2O. The simultaneous fitting analyses employing X-ray model function with the united and individual atom models of water molecule have revealed that the ion-oxygen (water) internuclear distance is significantly shorter than the average separation of electron clouds between ion and neighboring water molecule. The present results indicate that the difference in ion-water distance observed from X-ray and neutron diffraction studies mainly arises from the united atom model of X-ray diffraction data analysis assuming a spherical electron density around oxygen atom within the water molecules.
Fluorous Property of a Short Perfluoroalkyl-Containing Compound Realized by Self-Assembled Monolayer Technique on a Silicon Substrate
Authors: Kise Ryuma , Fukumi Aki , Shioya Nobutaka , Shimoaka Takafumi , Sonoyama Masashi , Amii Hideki , Takagi Toshiyuki , Kanamori Toshiyuki , Eda Kazuo , Hasegawa Takeshi 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Fluorous properties represented by water-and-oil repellency are perfluoroalkyl (Rf) compound-specific characteristics, which are widely used for surface coating of glass, electronic devices and textiles for preventing water and grease fouling. According to the stratified dipole-arrays (SDA) theory, the minimum Rf length of (CF2)7 is theoretically necessary for realizing fluorous properties. Unfortunately, however, production of compounds involving this chemical unit is strictly banned because of concerns of environmental pollution, which is a big dilemma. Here, we show that the fluorous properties can be realized by self-assembled monolayer (SAM) even with a short Rf-containing compound, since the SAM technique makes the best use of the self-aggregation property of the Rf groups, and it readily makes the molecules immobile.
Product Quality and Entering Through Tying: Experimental Evidence
Authors: Kim Hyunjin , Luca Michael 
Published: January 2019

Dominant platform businesses often develop products in adjacent markets to complement their core business. One common approach used to gain traction in these adjacent markets has been to pursue a tying strategy. For example, Microsoft preinstalled Internet Explorer into Windows, and Apple set Apple Maps as the iOS default. Policymakers have raised concerns that dominant platforms may be leveraging their market power to gain traction for lower quality products when they use a tying strategy. In this paper, we empirically explore this question by examining Google’s decision to tie its new reviews product to its search engine. We experimentally vary the reviews displayed above Google’s organic search results to show either exclusively Google reviews (Google’s current tying strategy) or reviews from multiple platforms determined to be the best-performing by Google’s own organic search algorithm. We find that users prefer the version that does not exclude competitor reviews. Furthermore, looking at observational data on user traffic to Yelp from search engines, we find that Google’s exclusion of downstream competitors may have been effective. The share of Yelp’s traffic coming from Google has declined over this period, relative to traffic from Bing and Yahoo (which do not exclude other companies’ reviews), and Google reviews has grown more quickly than Yelp and TripAdvisor during the period in which they excluded these (and other) reviews providers. Overall, these results suggest that tying has the potential to facilitate entry in complementary markets even when the tied product is of worse quality than competitors.The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2018.3246 .This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy.
Free school meals: Socio-ecological influences on school level take up of entitlement
Authors: Addis Samia , Murphy Simon 
Published: January 2019

Background: Free school meals have a role in supplementing the diets of children from low income families to ensure adequate nutritional status and ensure healthy growth and development. However, a sizeable proportion of those entitled to free school meals do not register, or once registered, do not take the meal. Previous research has identified individual factors which influence take up but does not necessarily place these factors within the wider context in which they occur. Aims: Using a socio-ecological approach, this paper reports a qualitative exploration of factors across a range of analytical levels (policy, community, organisation and individual) which influence parents and pupils in registering and using free school meal entitlement within the secondary school setting. Methods: Semi-structured interviews with parents or carers (n=13) and pupils (n=19) were undertaken in four secondary schools within one local authority in Wales. Schools were selected to represent a range in terms of level of entitlement and uptake of free school meals and data were analysed using a framework approach. Results: In terms of policy, participants reported that the targeted and means tested nature of free school meal entitlement has an impact on some families. They also reported that there was potential for stigma, although this varied according to the level of entitlement within the community. Within the school setting (organisation) the degree to which free school meals were promoted and the processes in place to ensure anonymity for free school meal pupils were highlighted as factors that influenced uptake. At the individual level, the ability to conform to the consumption patterns and practices of the wider pupil population was important for free school meal pupils. Conclusions: The nature and implementation of free school meal policy has implications for pupils with entitlement. As a result, pupils on free school meals may struggle to participate in the food practices of the wider pupil population and this influences the uptake of entitlement.
What is Known about Initial Teacher Education for Child Protection? A Protocol for a Systematic Scoping Review
Authors: Walsh Kerryann , Howard Sarah , Hand Kirstine , Ey Lesley , Fenton Angela , Whiteford Chrystal 
Published: January 2019

<p style="text-align:justify">Child maltreatment is a serious problem, worldwide. Children and young people who have experienced maltreatment face multiple physical and mental health challenges which hinder their success at school and these adverse experiences makes them more challenging to teach than their non-maltreated peers. Increasingly, teachers are considered as an important part of the wider the child protection workforce as they are well-placed to intervene and prevent further harm. To fulfil this role effectively, teachers require requisite training beginning in initial teacher education programs. This paper is a protocol for a systematic scoping review that asks: “What is known about preservice/initial teacher education for child protection?” Systematic scoping reviews are worthwhile and necessary in fields where research is diverse and needing of synthesis to identify strengths in the body of evidence and identify gaps to set new research directions. We will draw on Askey and O’Malley’s six-stage scoping review methodology to assess the scope, range, and nature of research activity on this topic. We will add an innovative seventh stage involving a commitment to disseminating and applying knowledge generated from the review. The research question has been established, and key terms defined (Stage 1). The search strategy has been devised, and searches have been run (Stage 2). Round 1 screening of titles and abstracts is completed and full text screening is currently in progress (Stage 3). To our knowledge this is the first attempt to systematically map the empirical literature on child protection in pre-service teacher education. When completed, this systematic scoping review will offer a comprehensive, transparent, and replicable way to assess the full scope of empirical research on this important topic of utmost educational relevance.</p>
Sixth Grade Students’ Listening Comprehension of the Story Text
Authors: Babayigit Ozgur 
Published: January 2019

<p style="text-align:justify">The aim of this research is to investigate ability of sixth grade students’ comprehension the listened story text. The research is the survey type of quantitative research methods. The population of the study consisted of the sixth grade students of the middle schools in the city center of Yozgat, Turkey in the 2018-2019 academic years. A simple random cluster sampling method was used in the selection of the sample. A total of 369 sixth grade students are sample. As a data collection, a story text entitled “Hero of the Town” was used. Data were collected in October 2018. SPSS 21 program was used to analyze the data. The level of listening comprehension the sixth grade students to the story text is 77.46%. It is seen that the sixth grade girl students’ listening comprehension are better than boy students. The girls’ listening comprehension is higher than boys’ %8. </p>
Limited preoperative physical capacity continues to be associated with poor postoperative outcomes within a colorectal ERAS programme
Authors: McLennan E , Oliphant R , Moug SJ 
Published: January 2019

Aim Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programmes aim to standardise perioperative care leading to optimal patient outcomes. Despite these programmes, variation in outcomes still persists. This study aimed to assess the influence of lifestyle factors on short-term outcomes after colorectal surgery within this optimal recovery programme. Methods Consecutive patients enrolled on an ERAS pathway who underwent elective colorectal surgery (June 2013 to July 2014) at one site were included. We used data routinely collected by ERAS nurse specialists and during preassessment to analyse association between patient and lifestyle factors and likelihood of developing postoperative complications or having an increased length of stay. Results A total of 199 patients were included: mean age 61.8 years (range 17–90 years) and 53.8% male. Age, sex, deprivation, smoking status, alcohol intake, body mass index or level of comorbidity were not associated with postoperative complications. Patients reporting limited preoperative physical capacity (unable to climb two flights of stairs) were more than four times as likely to have a postoperative complication on univariate analysis and were found to still have increased risk of postoperative complications on multivariate analysis. Patients reporting limited preoperative physical capacity were shown to have significantly longer hospital stay on univariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis, limited physical capacity was not associated with prolonged length of stay due to confounding factors of age and deprivation. Conclusions Limited physical capacity was the only patient and lifestyle factor associated with poorer postoperative complications and prolonged hospital stay after elective colorectal surgery within an ERAS programme. Consideration should be given to individualised prehabilitation that aims to increase physical capacity pre-operatively to improve patient outcomes.
Pathways to Abortion at a Tertiary Care Hospital: Examining Obesity and Delays
Authors: Frarey Alhambra , Schreiber Courtney , McAllister Arden , Shaber Allison , Sonalkar Sarita , Sammel Mary D. , Long Judith A. 
Published: January 2019

CONTEXTAdvancing gestational age can increase the cost of an abortion and is a significant risk factor for complications. While obesity is not associated with increased risks, anecdotal evidence suggests that obese women seeking services at freestanding abortion clinics are often referred for hospital‐based care, which can lead to delays.METHODSIn 2016, a cross‐sectional survey collected data on the experiences of 201 women who had obtained abortions at a hospital‐based clinic in Philadelphia; rates of medical complications were determined from hospital records. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess if obesity was associated with whether patients had been referred from freestanding abortion clinics or reported other paths to care. Differences in wait time and up‐front out‐of‐pocket costs were examined by women's referral status.RESULTSNo difference in rates of abortion complications was found between patient groups. Women who were severely obese (body mass index of at least 40 kg/m2) were more likely than normal‐weight individuals to have been referred from a freestanding abortion clinic (odds ratio, 7.5). The median wait time to get an abortion was 28 days for referred patients and 12 days for others. Multivariable analysis confirmed that referred patients waited twice as long as other patients (rate ratio, 2.0) and paid 66% more in up‐front costs.CONCLUSIONSFuture research is needed to determine whether obese women seeking abortions are being referred despite evidence that they do not require hospital‐based care. If obese women are suffering delays because of referral, strategies to help overcome delay should also be explored.
Validation of a Metabolite Panel for a More Accurate Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Using Quantitative LC-MS/MS
Authors: Freed Tiffany A , Coresh Josef , Inker Lesley A , Toal Douglas R , Perichon Regis , Chen Jingsha , Goodman Kelli D , Zhang Qibo , Conner Jessie K , Hauser Deirdre M , Vroom Kate E T , Oyaski Maria L , Wulff Jacob E , Eiríksdóttir Gudný , Gudnason Vilmundur , Torres Vicente E , Ford Lisa A , Levey Andrew S 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDClinical practice guidelines recommend estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using validated equations based on serum creatinine (eGFRcr), cystatin C (eGFRcys), or both (eGFRcr-cys). However, when compared with the measured GFR (mGFR), only eGFRcr-cys meets recommended performance standards. Our goal was to develop a more accurate eGFR method using a panel of metabolites without creatinine, cystatin C, or demographic variables.METHODSAn ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry assay for acetylthreonine, phenylacetylglutamine, pseudouridine, and tryptophan was developed, and a 20-day, multiinstrument analytical validation was conducted. The assay was tested in 2424 participants with mGFR data from 4 independent research studies. A new GFR equation (eGFRmet) was developed in a random subset (n = 1615) and evaluated in the remaining participants (n = 809). Performance was assessed as the frequency of large errors [estimates that differed from mGFR by at least 30% (1 − P30); goal &lt;10%].RESULTSThe assay had a mean imprecision (≤10% intraassay, ≤6.9% interassay), linearity over the quantitative range (r2 &gt; 0.98), and analyte recovery (98.5%–113%). There was no carryover, no interferences observed, and analyte stability was established. In addition, 1 − P30 in the validation set for eGFRmet (10.0%) was more accurate than eGFRcr (13.1%) and eGFRcys (12.0%) but not eGFRcr-cys (8.7%). Combining metabolites, creatinine, cystatin C, and demographics led to the most accurate equation (7.0%). Neither equation had substantial variation among population subgroups.CONCLUSIONSThe new eGFRmet equation could serve as a confirmatory test for GFR estimation.
Factors Influencing Malnutrition in Children at the out Patient Clinic of the Pediatric Nutrition Sub Division, Dr. Pirngadi Hospital Medan in 1985 - 1989
Authors: Sitanggang Rosmaida S. , Dharmawati Tjut , Nasution Robroy , Hamid Endang D. , Tarigan Sjarikat 
Published: January 2019

A retrospective study on the incidence of malnutrition and the influencing factors had been carried out on 1081 children attending the outpatient clinic of the Pediatric Nutrition, Dr. Pirngadi Hospital Medan during 1985-1989.
Mild and moderate malnutrition were found in 69.96% of the children, severe malnutrition in 33. 77% while well nourished children were found in only 0.27% of cases. The highest incidence of malnutrition was in 12-24 months age group (43. 76%) (p<0.05). About half (49.08%) of cases were breastfed, and in 85.66% of them breast feeding were given until 6 months old.
Most of the malnourished children were given very diluted milk (63.4%), while low protein supplementary feeding was given to 62.89% of children, and both types of food mentioned above were given to 52.52% of cases. The most prevalent accompanying diseases in malnourished children were gastroenteritis (58.25%), followed by respiratory tract infection (52.59%). The majority of father's occupation was seasonal workers (60.12%).
Factors associated with malnourished children in this study were early weaning, low protein supplementary feeding and accompanying diseases especially diarrhea.