bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tutorials in a stand-alone large class
Authors: Uematsu H 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Among various types of curricula incorporating interactive-engagement, Tutorials are well known to be effective for students to transform their naïve concepts into fundamental physics concepts. They are materials designed for a recitation class in the United States. Implementing Tutorials in other environments needs some modification. An attempt to reconcile environmental and cultural differences and to change students’ attitudes towards learning is reported.
Remote access experiment as a facilitator for teaching modern and contemporary physics in secondary schools
Authors: Luciano A , Giacomassi Luciano A P , Garcia Fernandes P R , Takai H , Altoe Fusinato P 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Many of today’s technological devices are grounded in theories of modern and contemporary physics (MCP). Their introduction into the high school classroom often requires access to sophisticated equipment. This is a difficult situation for public schools in Brazil, where the cost of implementing such laboratories is considered very high. This article introduces and discusses the concept of a Remote Access Laboratory for Modern Physics. This lab is possible because of the internet. It was designed to facilitate the teaching of modern physics in high school. Upon entering the laboratory, the physics teacher has the possibility to perform experiments in modern physics remotely. The lab is configured with remote cameras and automated devices to provide telepresence to attendees. The experiment used in this research was a cloud chamber, which detected cosmic rays and particles from a radioactive source. Two teachers and 150 students from two public high schools participated in this research. The lesson plan was developed to ensure a sequence of activities in the classroom. To evaluate our activities, we conducted interviews with the teachers and applied questionnaires to the students. We identified that after the activity was carried out by the students a greater demand for information on Physics on the internet. In addition, among the capabilities of the recognized laboratory, we mentioned the connection of MCP events to the students’ daily lives. The report of the participating teachers presents a favourable view towards the adoption of this initiative in the classroom for the introduction of modern and contemporary physics.
Practical Course on School Experiments for Future Physics teachers
Authors: Koudelkova V , Gottwald S 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
One of the important skills of physics teachers is proficiency in performing physics experiments and using them during lessons. For this purpose, future physics teachers at our faculty attend a cycle of seminars named Practical Course on School Experiments. The paper describes the second one, which is focused on electricity and magnetism. Uncommon experiments we use in the seminar are presented; our experience and students´ feedback is discussed too.
Training teachers: explorative activities measuring Planck’s constant
Authors: Capone R , De Luca R , De Santis A , Faella O , Fiore O , Saggese A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In recent years, Modern Physics has been included in the curricula of Italian secondary schools, so that many teachers are asking for specific didactical tools to allow their students to acquire the right skills to deal with final examinations. The Physics Department at University of Salerno (Italy) is, therefore, planning PLS (Piano Lauree Scientifiche / Scientific Degree Project) training courses to give some valid educational paths through new didactical strategies for Physics learning. Introducing quantum mechanics by experimental set-ups with commonly used materials is a rather interesting and challenging task. In fact, this practice allows teacher attending the course to reproduce the same experiments in their own class. Moreover, by using readily available material for the experimental set-up, a soft approach to Modern Physics can be achieved. In the present work, we propose the analysis of an experiment: the measurement of Planck’s constant, one of the most important fundamental quantities in Modern Physics, by means of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs). The properties of LEDs can be explained by means of elementary quantum mechanics concepts. As a consequence, when describing the quantum behaviour of these commonly used physical systems, Planck’s constant needs to be considered. Therefore, to illustrate one possible way of measuring Planck’s constant to high-school students, we can make use of the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of a LED. In fact, by opportunely interpreting the measured I-V curves of these systems, by means of a linear fitting the value of Planck’s constant can be obtained.
Enhancing teaching and learning of fluid mechanics with interactive computational modelling
Authors: Neves R G 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Contemporary science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) increasingly require advanced knowledge about mathematical physics models and methods of scientific computation. In STEM educational environments this entails the necessity to implement pedagogical curricula and methodologies that epistemologically balance the inclusion of interactive engagement sequences of computational modelling activities, and offer students opportunities to develop meaningful knowledge of physics, mathematics and scientific computation, as well as of the specific STEM concepts and processes. Our approach in this context is based on interactive engagement activities built around computational modelling experiments implemented in the Modellus environment that span the range of different kinds of modelling, from exploratory to expressive modelling. In this paper we describe research concerning a sequence of activities about hydrostatic pressure forces and torques, a theme of an introductory fluid mechanics course for undergraduate university engineering students having only elementary knowledge of secondary education physics and mathematics and no significant prior knowledge about scientific computation. We analyse student’s perceptions about the activities and the effects generated on the learning process. Using a Likert scale questionnaire, we show that students reacted positively to the Modellus based activities, considering them helpful in the learning process of the mathematics and physics of fluid mechanics and for their overall professional training. The results also show that students considered Modellus a useful software for computational activities that help the learning of mathematical physics models, sufficiently easy to learn and user-friendly. Based on the analysis of student’s work content, we show that students were able to construct and explore the proposed mathematical physics models and simulations, and establish meaningful and operationally reified relations with the relevant hydrostatic phenomena. We also show that the computational modelling activities were effective in resolving several difficulties persisting after theoretical lectures and problem-solving paper and pen activities.
Teachers’ evaluation of MotionAR: An augmented reality-based motion graphing application
Authors: Collado R C , Caluya N R , Santos M E C 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This research presents the results of the initial evaluation of MotionAR: an augmented reality (AR) based motion graphing application for physics classes. MotionAR uses AR trackers to measure relative motion between objects, hence producing a motion graph. The subject of the evaluation is an improved version of our application that addresses recommendations from the first prototype. Among these recommendations were: the use of words instead of arrows to identify targets, the use of the Cartesian coordinate system, and previews of the displacement vs. time, velocity vs. time and acceleration vs. time graphs. In-service teachers used a 10-item questionnaire for evaluation. The teacher-evaluators come from diverse educational backgrounds (rural and urban schools, 0 to 24 years in teaching, no e-learning model in school vs 1:1 student-to-tablet PC ratio, science vs. non-science majors) which makes the initial evaluation a good baseline data. This ongoing research will present the lessons learned from the evaluation, including insights in developing AR applications for physics classes, and recommendations for teaching motion graphs utilizing AR.
In action with action potentials
Authors: Heck A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The subject of bioelectricity is for many life science students the first encounter with biophysics. The transfer of knowledge on electricity from the context of physics to the context of physiology is not without difficulty. Use of computer simulations is expected to enhance the students’ understanding and interest, and to promote critical and integrative thinking. This paper discusses models, simulations, and activities designed for life science students that help them come to grips with biophysical processes underlying action potentials of a single neuron through ‘virtual labs’. Key models and computer simulations are presented, including their use in exploring phenomena such as firing threshold, spike train and refractory period. Experiences and opinions of biomedical students regarding the virtual labs have been collected and are discussed in this paper.
Different approaches to research and innovation in physics education at college and university
Authors: Guisasola J , Zolman D , Bollen L , van Kampen P , Baily C , De Cock M , Dreef T , Buning J , Fokkema D , Hijmans T , Kuik G , Fazio C , Battaglia O R , Zuza K 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this article we report a Symposium organized by GTG-Physics Education Research at University (PERU) with different proposals that includes innovative educational approaches and research on problems of teaching-learning physics at university. In the second section, two research projects are described on teaching specific curriculum topics that present special difficulties for students. In the next section the third project on a work experience in the laboratory that takes into account the characteristics of scientific work, is presented. Finally, the fourth project presents a way to investigate the types of student reasoning. In the discussion, the importance of research projects that include not only conceptual understanding but also those areas such as laboratory work or “on-line physics courses” that involve practicing skills of scientific work, is highlighted.
Strong cooperation between schools and universities can inspire the young people to study physics?
Authors: Caltun O F , Cozma D 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In order to identify what are the strategies and actions implemented by the universities in cooperation with schools carried out in Horizons OPE European project a research focused on the topic. In the first phase of the research were held preliminary meetings with several members of the project, with teachers from schools and universities to draft a first form of questionnaire. In second stage during the meeting with secondary schools teachers were carried out SWOT analysis of most known activities based on school university cooperation that was used to refine the draft of Questionnaire. In the third stage the quest was applied to a control group of 20 teachers from secondary schools and 10 academics. The results served to refine and clarify the final form of the questionnaire. The questionnaire was organized in 25 items, on a scale with five levels in four categories of interest. The present work is a detailed discussion on strategies that universities have in cooperation with schools, degree of involvement of staff, logistic and financial support of stakeholders.
The Model Technology of Stepping Motor Driving System
Authors: Huahong Zhang 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper proposes the dynamic characteristics of load motion have great influence on the performance of stepping motor. The dynamic model of stepping motor driving system is established on basis of least-squares, the system identification experiment is carried out on an actual Numerical Control Plate Printer drive system, and the dynamic parameters of the system were identified with MATLAB. The results have a good practical value to the optimal control of stepping motor.
A Case Study of Grid-Connected Solar Farm Control Using Artificial Intelligence Genetic Algorithm to Accommodate Peak Demand
Authors: Alshafeey Mutaz , Csaba Csáki 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The continuous rise in peak electricity demands is now considered to be one of the most prominent power generation problems. The need to increase generation capacity caused by peak demand growth is a critical economic issue due to the financial burdens associated with increasing capacity. Jordan is a good example of the problems caused by growing peak demand. As a small, aid-dependent country already suffering from financial and environmental issues, the number of Syrians seeking refuge in Jordan has created a strain on the country’s energy resources. This study examines the effect of installing a Photovoltaic (PV) solar farm at the Amman East Power Plant in order to offer a solution to the continuous growth in peak demand. As part of the research reported here, three mathematical representative models have been created and tested using real solar radiation, energy generation, and peak demand data. These results then were used to build a model based on an artificial intelligence Genetic Algorithm (GA) that could be used in predicting, analysing and calculating the best solar farm size in order to keep the generation curve as flat as possible with the least cost. Subsequently, an iterative simulation of the processes has been done to test the model different chromosomes: the optimum configuration of the model ensures that the annualized cost of the system (ACS) is minimized, while the peak demand is lessened as much as possible.
Improved Simplex Method Algorithm used in power Market Clearing
Authors: Yan Cui-Hui , Liu Fang , Hu Chao Fan , Cui Hui , Luo Zhi Qiang 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Electric power industry is the foundation of national economy and plays a key role in the development of human society. Traditional power industry is monopolized by industry and lacks market efficiency. In recent years, it is seeking breakthroughs in market-oriented reform. Although China’s electricity market reform has achieved some results, but there are still lacking of market players and regional transactions, excessive data management, concentration and other defects. This puts forward higher requirements for the system design of power market trade. It is facing the electricity market security and performance challenges, the goal is to improve the electric power market transaction mode and enhance transaction security, it studied different kinds of markets transaction model to construct a perfect competitive market trade system, which based on block chaining technique. The trade model adopted different levels of multi auction which integrated intra provincial trading and inter provincial trading parts in a system. The intra province trading part adopt the model of contact trading and bidding coexist, each province carried out trading for surplus-deficit electricity on the basement of intra province demand. Here, it constructed a competitive cross-regional power market which can realize the intra-provincial contract, bidding and inter-provincial trading in day power market. The simulation results based on six provinces to shown the different conditions, and operated by the intelligent contracts. It recorded the full trading information distributed through the inter-provincial power trading algorithm in the intelligent contracts, the results has presented the amount of electricity transaction and the corresponding trading volume. It has achieved fair resource scheduling and transaction information security.
Smart Cement Modified with Nano Fly Ash and Micro Fiber for Oil Well Applications
Authors: Abdul-hamead A A , Othman F M , Abdullah D M 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAdequate slurry design is critical to the success of a cementing work. In this study, a ball mill procedure was used to prepare a nano powder from a fly ash material supplied by Al-kufa Cement Factory for re-inforcing the oil well cement through using it as a partial replacement of oil well cement class G by a weight percentage of(0.25%,0.5%, 0.75% and1%)and micro fiber polypropylene at percentage (0.25%,0.5%,0.75%,and 1%).The mix with a water to cement ratio was made at 0.44.Characterizations of the prepared samples were conducted by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), density and compressive strength. The results manifested that the structural properties were improved with the development of calcium silicate hydration (C-S-H)phase, the density as well as the enhancement in compressive strength. That makes it proper for the oil well applications.
Specifications of Heavy Diesel Lubricating Oil Improved by MWCNTs and CuO as Nano-additives
Authors: Jaber Thulfiqar N , Sukkar Khalid A , Karamalluh Abullhassan A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this investigation, the properties of heavy diesel lubricants were enhanced by adding the nano-additives. The purpose of this research is verifying the enhancement of the rheological and thermal characteristics of the lubricating oils by adding the nano-additives, in order to upgrade to the highest level for performance lubricant in the system. The SAE 15W40 (Oil parent) was mixed with two types of nanomaterials (MWCNTs and CuO) at four various concentrations by (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, and 1 % wt.) to prepare the nano-lubricants, studying and comparing their properties with parent lubricants. The results indicated that the thermal conductivity values of (OilMWCNTs) and (OilCuO NPs) at 1 wt. % concentration of both additives increased by 23%, 15.3% respectively. Also, the flash point of both nano-lubricants comparison with parent oil increased by (19.54%, 15.9%) respectively. It was concluded that (OilMWCNTs) showed higher lubricant’s specification than (OilCuO NPs) due to the high surface area of MWCNTs. Hence, the operating properties of lubricating oil much enhanced when scattered the carbon nanotubes and copper oxide NPs.
Thermal Pyrolysis of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)
Authors: Hammoodi S I , Almukhtar R S 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPlastics are very desired components, used in a lot of fields, from domestic packaging, agrarian, automotive, to building structure. The frequent use of plastic products related to their lightweight, high chemical stability and low cost.The present work aims to illustrating the thermal pyrplysis of two types of plastic: Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polystyrene (PS) in a batch tubular reactor. The reaction indicated that PS and PET were converted more meaningfully into useful liquid products out of thermally route compared to PET pyrolysis.The resulted liquid could be used as fuels or raw materials in chemical industries. Formation of oxygenates and aromatics were noticed.The maximum liquid produced at optimum temperature and optimum heating time (90 min) is 77%, 67.56%, 54% and 37.48% for PS, 10%PET + PS, 20%PET + PS and 30%PET + PS respectively. The liquid product is analysed by GC-MS at optimum condition. The compositions of the liquid produced are styrene monomer, toluene, alpha-methylstyrene, 1,3 Diphenylpropane, 1-Phenylnaphthalene, 4-phenyl-1 butene. The main product in the pyrolysis of PS is styrene monomer, 10%PET+PS, 20%PET+PS and 30%PET+PS.
RETRACTED: Evaluation of Soil Structure Interaction Effect for Tanks under Earthquake with Different Foundations Soils
Authors: Elwi Mohammed , Mohammed Marawan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Though the structures are supported on soil, most of the designers do not consider the soil structure interaction and its subsequent effect on the structure during an earthquake. Different soil properties can affect seismic waves as they pass through a soil layer. When a structure is subjected to an earthquake excitation, it interacts with the foundation and soil, and thus changes the motion of the ground. It means that the movement of the whole ground structure system is influenced by type of soil as well as by the type of an engineering structure. Tanks are supposed to be of construction in sense that they might have been analyzed and designed to meet the provision of relevant codes of practice and building bye-laws. IS 1893: 2002 “Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures” gives response spectrum for different types of soil such as hard, medium and soft. An attempt has been made in this paper to study the effect of Soil-structure interaction on multi storeyed buildings with various foundation systems as well as to study the response of buildings subjected to seismic forces with Rigid and Flexible foundations. Tanks with fixed and flexible support subjected to seismic forces were analysed under different soil conditions like hard, medium and soft. The buildings were analysed by Response spectrum method using software by ABAQUS program . A structural model using the generalized single degree of freedom (SDF) system is proposed for seismic design of concrete rectangular Liquid Containing Structures (LCS). The proposed model considers the effect of flexibility of tank wall on hydrodynamic pressures and uses the consistent mass approach. The proposed model is compared with the results obtained using the current practice as well as the finite element method. It is concluded that the current approach in design codes and standards does not truly represent the behaviour of LCS. The proposed model using the generalized SDF system can be simply used in seismic design of LCS.
An Experimental Study for the effect of Water in Crude Oil on its Rheological Properties and Flow Characteristics
Authors: Lafta Rashid Farhan , Zaki Naji Samah 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
An experimental study for the effect of water in Iraqi crude oil on rheological and flow characterization was achieved by the experimental rig. The crude oil used was from Al-Najaf refinery with a density of 916.6 kg/m3, dynamic viscosity of 24.94 cp at a temperature of 25 °C. A centrifugal pump was used with a straight impeller, one suction and one discharge line. The results show that the density of the crude oil increases as the water/oil ratio increases. While the viscosity of the crude oil will be reduced. Shear stress is increased by adding water to the crude oil, the maximum value of shear stress is observed at 12.5 %. The two-phase flow rate increases as water/oil ratio increased, for the flow of water-oil, the pump head increases as water/oil ratio increases reaching to 0.8 water/oil ratio, which is the point of inversion, and then reduces. In addition, the volumetric flow rate of the two-phase flow increases as water/oil ratio is increasing and the increase in water-oil flow velocity causes rising in the pump head.
An Overview on the Recent Techniques for Improving the Flowability of Crude Oil in Pipelines
Authors: Ibrahim Raheek I , Odah Manal K , Al-Mufti Amna 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Crude oil is considered as a major source of energy all over the world. Midstream refers to the various methods of transportation. Important issues that oil transportation methods face are spills and inadvertent emissions. Therefore, most of the technology developments in transportation methods are aimed at reducing emissions, increasing efficiency, or preventing spills and leaks. Piping systems are the safest and most efficient and cost-effective way for crude oil transportation. The process suffers from serious problems such as: asphaltene and paraffin structures interactions, pipes pressure drop, and high pumping energy consumption. One of the economical important challenges in oil pipeline transportation is to keep the flowability and reduce the pressure drop along the pipe. The current review highlights the recent and most development techniques which have been used to enhance the fluidity of crude oil in pipelines.