bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attenuation of Tissue Thrombosis and Hemorrhage by ala-TFPI Does not Account for Its Protection against E. coli
Authors: Randolph M. M. , White G. L. , Kosanke S. D. , Bild G. , Carr C. , Galluppi G. , Hinshaw L. B. , Taylor F. B. 
Published: May 2019

SummaryThis study was designed to determine the effect of a delayed infusion (T+120 min) of alanyl tissue factor pathway inhibitor (ala-TFPI) on the response to LD100 E. coli. We hypothesized that baboons treated with a low dose of TFPI (5 mg/kg) which did not survive would exhibit thrombosis, infarction and hemorrhage of target tissues such as that seen in untreated animals infused with LD100 E. coli. Eight baboons were infused with 5 mg/kg of ala-TFPI over a 10 h period beginning immediately after a 2 h infusion of LD100 E. coli (experimental group). Four baboons were infused with E. coli followed by a 10 h infusion of saline (control group). Of the 12 baboons, the 11 non-survivors (TFPI = 7 out of 8; controls = 4 out of 4) were evaluated for the extent of thrombosis, necrosis, hemorrhage, and congestion of target tissues and for changes in clinical chemical parameters. We expected that failure to protect would correlate with failure to inhibit thrombosis of target tissue (8). Surprisingly ala-TFPI significantly inhibited thrombosis, hemorrhage and necrosis of adrenal and renal tissues and attenuated the rise in creatinine in the 7 treated non-survivors. The lungs of these non-survivors, however, exhibited intra-alveolar fibrin and a mild degree of hemorrhage and edema. We concluded that low doses of ala-TFPI begun as late as T+120 in minutes failed to protect against the lethal effects of LD100 E. coli in spite of completely preventing thrombosis and hemorrhage in target organs, and that thrombosis, infarction and hemorrhage of adrenal and renal tissue are not part of the lethal chain of events in this IV model of E. coli sepsis.
Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma: A Case Report with Review on Its Histogenesis and Recurrence
Authors: Jindal Deepti Garg , Kushwaha Sandhya Singh , Joshi Sonia , Sepolia Namita , Jindal Varun , Jain Kanu 
Published: May 2019

AbstractGiant cell granulomas (GCGs) of the jaws are non-neoplastic lesions that arise either peripherally in periodontal ligament, mucoperiosteum, or centrally in the bone. Histologically, both peripheral and central giant cell granuloma are characterized by the presence of numerous multinucleated giant cells in a prominent fibrous stroma. Peripheral giant cell granuloma is an infrequent reactive, exophytic lesion of the oral cavity, also known as giant-cell epulis, osteoclastoma, giant cell reparative granuloma, or giant cell hyperplasia. It is the most common giant cell lesion of the jaws and originates from the connective tissue of the periosteum or from the periodontal membrane, in response to local irritation or chronic trauma. The lesion develops mostly in adults, commonly in the lower jaw, with slight female predilection although is uncommon in children. Clinically, it shows resemblance to pyogenic granuloma, peripheral ossifying fibroma, and many other peripheral lesions seen in the oral cavity, but in our case it resembled a squamous cell carcinoma, thereby histopathology is mandatory for the diagnosis of this lesion. The lesion although being relatively common, still has a lot of ambiguity. The ambiguity is in terms of its etiology, growth potential, biological behavior (recurrence), histogenesis of its cells, and its treatment. The entity further holds significance because of its notorious behavior and high tendency to recur. This is a case report of a 30-year-old female patient with history of swelling in the lower anterior region of jaw since 1 year. After complete excision of lesion, lesion reoccurred after few months.
Assessment of Intravitreal Injection Training among U.S.-Based Ophthalmology Residents
Authors: Liechty Jacob J. , Wilkinson Michael J. , Bowie Esther M. 
Published: May 2019

Purpose To describe the intravitreal injection training of ophthalmology residents in the United States in 2018.
Design Cross-sectional survey.
Methods An anonymous, 29-question, internet-based survey was emailed to 119 ophthalmology residency program directors with the instructions to forward the survey to their ophthalmology residents.
Results A total of 117 ophthalmology residents (7.89%) responded to the survey. The majority of residents stated that their intravitreal injection training began during their first year of ophthalmology training, PGY 2 year, (92.3%). The majority of residents performed at least 25 injections per year (78.6%). All residents use antiseptic on the conjunctiva prior to the injection, 94% use a lid speculum, and 84.6% avoided talking in the procedure room. Most injections are performed with gloves (83.8%). A minority of residents stated that they are trained to use povidone-iodine on the eyelids prior to performing an injection (45.3%). Only 6.0% of residents claimed to use postinjection antibiotic drops. Performance of bilateral, simultaneous intravitreal injections was split with nearly half of residents not being trained in this method (47.9%).
Conclusion Ophthalmology residents from across the country experience a variety of different injection protocols when being trained on how to perform intravitreal injections. Conjunctival antisepsis has reached a clear consensus while topics such as simultaneous, bilateral injections and eyelid antisepsis are still uncertain among the resident community.
Closure in J. M. Coetzee’sDisgrace
Authors: Dibavar Sara Saei , Abbasi Pyeaam , Pirnajmuddin Hossein 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis article explores the politics of J. M. Coetzee’s writing style inDisgrace. Drawing on Marie-Laure Ryan’s theory of textual universe and Barbara Dancygier’s narrative space construction strategies, we argue that Coetzee’s narrative is set up to expose David Lurie’s deliberately distorted self-representation. Indeed, the conflict between the protagonist’s private worlds and the textual actual world (TAW) results from the protagonist’s distorting of the TAW by his deliberately distorted self-representation clouding his judgment and, accordingly, his so-called knowledge worlds (K-worlds). Also discussed is the process through which the protagonist is brought to a reckoning – not grace – through ontological re-orientation by undergoing a three-step process of social stigmatization, recognizing his vulnerability and situatedness, and coming to terms with his actual environment (TAW).
A diachronic keyword analysis in research article titles and cited article titles in applied linguistics from 1990 to 2016
Authors: Yang Wenhsien 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDue to the competitiveness in academic publication and the emerging heavy reliance on Internet search engines to expand visibility and readership and to promote publications, writing an attractive and appropriate research article title is essential. In addition, titles may be the first aspect of papers evaluated by journal editors in their screening of submissions in order to meet the requirements of the target audience. These demands call for the use of various academic writing skills, and thus make writing titles challenging. Research on structuring journal article titles has been extensively conducted across disciplines, but what keywords (i.e. lexical items highly distinctive of the titles) are employed to reflect current knowledge and receive high citations is still under-researched. To bridge this gap, the present corpus-driven research collected and investigated titles written in leading applied linguistics journals over 25 years to identify their keywords. These were compared to different time spans to study the significance and relevance of the domain knowledge. The most frequently cited articles were also selected to study how their titles relate to keyword use and to investigate their impact on the domain knowledge. The results reveal that keywords vary in accordance with the research trends over time. In addition, while titles are becoming longer, more keywords are employed by authors in order to expand the paper’s visibility and enhance the citations. The pedagogical implications for teaching academic writing, and suggestions for researching this appendant genre are provided.
Low-protein diet enhances adiponectin secretion in rats
Authors: Yagi Takashi , Toyoshima Yuka , Tokita Reiko , Taguchi Yusuke , Okamoto Yoshihisa , Takahashi Shin-Ichiro , Kato Hisanori , Minami Shiro 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT
Previous studies including ours have shown that a low-protein diet up-regulates insulin signaling in the liver and muscle and induces fatty liver in rats. Adiponectin is known as an insulin-sensitizing adipocytokine. We, therefore, examined the effect of a low-protein diet on the adiponectin levels in rats. The low-protein diet significantly increased serum adiponectin level. However, mRNA and protein levels of adiponectin in white adipose tissue (WAT) were not changed by the low-protein diet. Since it is known that oligomerization is important to control serum adiponectin level, we examined the population of adiponectin oligomeric forms in WAT and found that low-protein diet did not change it. Despite these events, the amount of its secretion was significantly increased in the adipocytes isolated from WAT of low-protein diet-fed rats. These results indicate that a low-protein diet enhances adiponectin secretion, which is not due to the increased intracellular amount and oligomerization of adiponectin.
Use of Autofluorescence to Intraoperatively Diagnose Visceral Pleural Invasion From Frozen Sections in Patients With Lung Adenocarcinoma 2 cm or Less
Authors: Xie Huikang , Su Hang , Chen Donglai , Xie Dong , Dai Chenyang , Ren Yijiu , She Yunlang , Xu Long , Zhao Shengnan , Wu Chunyan , Jiang Gening , Chen Chang 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Objectives
We prospectively investigate the accuracy of frozen sections for diagnosing visceral pleural invasion (VPI) by autofluorescence and evaluated its usefulness in sublobar resection.

Methods
We included patients with lung adenocarcinoma 2 cm or less to evaluate the diagnostic performance of autofluorescence for VPI in frozen sections via a fluorescence microscope. Furthermore, the impact of VPI on patients treated with sublobar resection was assessed in another cohort.

Results
A total of 112 patients were enrolled. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of autofluorescence for VPI diagnosis was 95.5%, 86.8%, and 100%, respectively. Sublobar resection was an independent risk factor for recurrence in patients with lung adenocarcinomas 2 cm or less with VPI positivity (hazard ratio, 3.30; P = .023), whereas it was not in those with VPI negativity.

Conclusions
Using autofluorescence in frozen sections appears to be an accurate method for diagnosing VPI, which is helpful for surgical decision making.
deconvSeq: deconvolution of cell mixture distribution in sequencing data
Authors: Du Rose , Carey Vince , Weiss Scott T 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Although single-cell sequencing is becoming more widely available, many tissue samples such as intracranial aneurysms are both fibrous and minute, and therefore not easily dissociated into single cells. To account for the cell type heterogeneity in such tissues therefore requires a computational method. We present a computational deconvolution method, deconvSeq, for sequencing data (RNA and bisulfite) obtained from bulk tissue. This method can also be applied to single-cell RNA sequencing data.

Results
DeconvSeq utilizes a generalized linear model to model effects of tissue type on feature quantification, which is specific to the data structure of the sequencing type used. Estimated model coefficients can then be used to predict the cell type mixture within a tissue. Predicted cell type mixtures were validated against actual cell counts in whole blood samples. Using this method, we obtained a mean correlation of 0.998 (95% CI 0.995–0.999) from the RNA sequencing data of 35 whole blood samples and 0.95 (95% CI 0.91–0.98) from the reduced representation bisulfite sequencing data from 35 whole blood samples. Using symmetric balances to obtain the correlation between compositional parts, we found that the lowest correlation occurred for monocytes for both RNA and bisulfite sequencing. Comparison with other methods of decomposition such as deconRNAseq, CIBERSORT, MuSiC and EpiDISH showed that deconvSeq is able to achieve good prediction using mean correlation with far fewer genes or CpG sites in the signature set.

Availability and implementation
Software implementing deconvSeq is available at https://github.com/rosedu1/deconvSeq.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease reflects a sudden derangement of locomotor network dynamics
Authors: Pozzi Nicoló G , Canessa Andrea , Palmisano Chiara , Brumberg Joachim , Steigerwald Frank , Reich Martin M , Minafra Brigida , Pacchetti Claudio , Pezzoli Gianni , Volkmann Jens , Isaias Ioannis U 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Freezing of gait is a disabling symptom of Parkinson’s disease that causes a paroxysmal inability to generate effective stepping. The underlying pathophysiology has recently migrated towards a dysfunctional supraspinal locomotor network, but the actual network derangements during ongoing gait freezing are unknown. We investigated the communication between the cortex and the subthalamic nucleus, two main nodes of the locomotor network, in seven freely-moving subjects with Parkinson’s disease with a novel deep brain stimulation device, which allows on-demand recording of subthalamic neural activity from the chronically-implanted electrodes months after the surgical procedure. Multisite neurophysiological recordings during (effective) walking and ongoing gait freezing were combined with kinematic measurements and individual molecular brain imaging studies. Patients walked in a supervised environment closely resembling everyday life challenges. We found that during (effective) walking, the cortex and subthalamic nucleus were synchronized in a low frequency band (4–13 Hz). In contrast, gait freezing was characterized in every patient by low frequency cortical-subthalamic decoupling in the hemisphere with less striatal dopaminergic innervation. Of relevance, this decoupling was already evident at the transition from normal (effective) walking into gait freezing, was maintained during the freezing episode, and resolved with recovery of the effective walking pattern. This is the first evidence for a decoding of the networked processing of locomotion in Parkinson’s disease and suggests that freezing of gait is a ‘circuitopathy’ related to a dysfunctional cortical-subcortical communication. A successful therapeutic approach for gait freezing in Parkinson’s disease should aim at directly targeting derangements of neural network dynamics.
Resilience and social cohesion through the lens of residents in a Kenyan informal settlement
Authors: Vertigans Stephen , Gibson Neil 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Over recent years, resilient attitudes and behaviour are widely seen within the Global North to be potential solutions to community developmental challenges. Although greater international emphasis is being placed on ‘bottom up’ approaches, learning from existing levels of resilience among communities such as residents in informal settlements has aroused limited attention. Instead analysis of informal settlements tends to concentrate on the multitude of environmental, economic and social problems that many communities share and internationally derived normative solutions. To help address this relative neglect, research was designed that sought more information about local experiences, people and processes that have been instrumental in building levels of resilience that help overcome challenges and improve well-being. Using the photovoice methodological technique, a project was developed to capture experiences of participants in Kibera, Nairobi. Participants were young people and either role models or had the potential to be. In so doing the project was participant driven, learning from residents about who and what have been influential in the development and maintenance of resilience. The results highlighted the particular significance of social cohesion and, in particular, relationships and attachment to place.
Beethoven’s pianoforte damper pedalling: a case of double notational style
Authors: Miucci Leonardo 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This article challenges the so-called ‘Urtext’ approach whereby performers aim to play no more and no less than is notated in an authoritative edition. With reference to Beethoven’s pedalling, it shows that he provided no pedal markings in the authorised editions of his piano sonatas before op.26 (1801), which constitute nearly a third of his output in this genre. After this point, however, his notation evolved, and he began indicating pedal markings with increasing intensity. The article traces practices of piano pedalling as indicated in keyboard treatises around 1800 and also as revealed in Beethoven’s ‘Kafka sketchbook’. It argues that the authorised editions of his sonatas show a double notational style. Beethoven did not add pedal markings for passages where he expected his players to use the pedal according to convention. Instead his pedal markings indicate locations where usage of the pedal contravened conventions such as harmonic clarity.
De novo loss-of-function KCNMA1 variants are associated with a new multiple malformation syndrome and a broad spectrum of developmental and neurological phenotypes
Authors: Liang Lina , Li Xia , Moutton Sébastien , Schrier Vergano Samantha A , Cogné Benjamin , Saint-Martin Anne , Hurst Anna C E , Hu Yushuang , Bodamer Olaf , Thevenon Julien , Hung Christina Y , Isidor Bertrand , Gerard Bénédicte , Rega Adelaide , Nambot Sophie , Lehalle Daphné , Duffourd Yannis , Thauvin-Robinet Christel , Faivre Laurence , Bézieau Stéphane , Dure Leon S , Helbling Daniel C , Bick David , Xu Chengqi , Chen Qiuyun , Mancini Grazia M S , Vitobello Antonio , Wang Qing Kenneth 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
KCNMA1 encodes the large-conductance Ca2+- and voltage-activated K+ (BK) potassium channel α-subunit, and pathogenic gain-of-function variants in this gene have been associated with a dominant form of generalized epilepsy and paroxysmal dyskinesia. Here, we genetically and functionally characterize eight novel loss-of-function (LoF) variants of KCNMA1. Genome or exome sequencing and the participation in the international Matchmaker Exchange effort allowed for the identification of novel KCNMA1 variants. Patch clamping was used to assess functionality of mutant BK channels. The KCNMA1 variants p.(Ser351Tyr), p.(Gly356Arg), p.(Gly375Arg), p.(Asn449fs) and p.(Ile663Val) abolished the BK current, whereas p.(Cys413Tyr) and p.(Pro805Leu) reduced the BK current amplitude and shifted the activation curves toward positive potentials. The p.(Asp984Asn) variant reduced the current amplitude without affecting kinetics. A phenotypic analysis of the patients carrying the recurrent p.(Gly375Arg) de novo missense LoF variant revealed a novel syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder associated with severe developmental delay, visceral and cardiac malformations, connective tissue presentations with arterial involvement, bone dysplasia and characteristic dysmorphic features. Patients with other LoF variants presented with neurological and developmental symptoms including developmental delay, intellectual disability, ataxia, axial hypotonia, cerebral atrophy and speech delay/apraxia/dysarthria. Therefore, LoF KCNMA1 variants are associated with a new syndrome characterized by a broad spectrum of neurological phenotypes and developmental disorders. LoF variants of KCNMA1 cause a new syndrome distinctly different from gain-of-function variants in the same gene.
P-Partitions and p-Positivity
Authors: Alexandersson Per , Sulzgruber Robin 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Using the combinatorics of $\alpha$-unimodal sets, we establish two new results in the theory of quasisymmetric functions. First, we obtain the expansion of the fundamental basis into quasisymmetric power sums. Secondly, we prove that generating functions of reverse $P$-partitions expand positively into quasisymmetric power sums. Consequently, any nonnegative linear combination of such functions is $p$-positive whenever it is symmetric. As an application, we derive positivity results for chromatic quasisymmetric functions, unicellular and vertical strip LLT polynomials, multivariate Tutte polynomials, and the more general $B$-polynomials, matroid quasisymmetric functions, and certain Eulerian quasisymmetric functions, thus reproving and improving on numerous results in the literature.
Outcomes by sex following treatment initiation with darunavir/cobicistat in a large Spanish cohort of the CODAR study (GeSIDA 9316)
Authors: Pérez Elías M J , Alejos B , Vivancos M J , Ribera E , Galindo M J , Vilanova-Trillo L , García-Fraile Fraile L J , de La Fuente Moral S , Garcia De Lomas J , Lozano F , Mateo García M G , Tasias Pitarch M , Diez Martinez M , Rojas J , Raya-Cruz M , Sepúlveda M A , Troya J , Del Campo S , Martinez E ,   CODAR study group, Callau Pilar , Moreno Ana , Casado Jose Luis , Sanchez Javier Martinez , Ayerbe Cristina Gómez , Negredo Dra. Eugenia , Campos Isabel , Puig Jordi , Ribera Esteban , Torrella Ariadna , Planas Bibiana , Knobel Hernando , de Valencia Clinico , Ferrando Ramon , Crespo Manuel , Ocampo Antonio , Sanz José , de los Santos Ignacio , Moreno Alfonso , Díaz Alberto , Martin Carbonero Dra. Luz , de la Torre Javier , Reina Mercedes Rivas , Santos Jesús , María González Domenech Carmen , Gutierrez Dra. Mª Mar , Montero Dra. Marta , Cuéllar Sandra , Boix Vicente , Payeras Antonio , Ryan Pablo , Torralba Miguel , Cuadra Fernando , Aznar Esther , Esteban Herminia , de Miguel Marta , Gonzalez Patricia , Yllescas María 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background
Few women have been included in darunavir/cobicistat clinical development studies, and hardly any of them were antiretroviral experienced or treated with anything other than triple-based therapies.

Objectives
Our aim was to increase our knowledge about women living with HIV undergoing darunavir/cobicistat-based regimens.

Methods
A multicentre (21 hospitals), retrospective study including a centrally selected random sample of HIV-1 patients starting a darunavir/cobicistat-based regimen from June 2014 to March 2017 was planned. Baseline characteristics, 24 and 48 week viral load response (<50 copies/mL), CD4+ lymphocyte count increase, time to change darunavir/cobicistat and adverse event occurrence were all compared by sex. The study was approved by each of the 21 ethics committees, and patients signed informed consent.

Results
Out of 761 participants, 193 were women. Similar characteristics were found for both sexes, except that the women had a longer duration of HIV infection (P = 0.001), and were less frequently pre-treated with darunavir/cobicistat in their previous regimen (P = 0.02). The main reason for using a darunavir/cobicistat-based regimen was simplification, without differences by sex, while monotherapy seems to be more frequently prescribed in women than in men (P = 0.067). The main outcomes, HIV viral load response, CD4+ lymphocyte count increase at 24 or 48 weeks, occurrence of adverse events, main reasons for changing and time to the modify darunavir/cobicistat regimen, did not show differences between the sexes.

Conclusions
No sex disparities were found in the main study outcomes. These results support the use of a darunavir/cobicistat-based regimen in long-term pre-treated women. Clinical Trial.gov No. NCT03042390.