bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A silent killer in the Far North Region of Cameroon: increasing prevalence of hypertension among population living in Kaele
Authors: Ntentie Françoise Raïssa , Mboindi Ousmane Mfopou , Dama Gérald , Nguedjo Maxwell Wandji , Tonou Tchuente Boris Ronald , Kingue Azantsa Boris Gabin , Ngondi Judith Laure , Oben Enyong Julius 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectivesHypertension (HTN) is the major risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. Its prevalence is still in perpetual increase worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of HTN among Kaele dwellers, in the Far North Region of Cameroon where less attention seems to be paid on awareness and sensitization against overnutrition related diseases.MethodsTwo hundred and four participants were recruited during free health campaign on cardiovascular diseases organized from 10-15th February 2017 in kaele. Anthropometric and clinical parameters (weight, height, waist circumference, body mass index, blood pressure and heart rate) were measured. A blood sampling was done for lipid profile analysis. HTN and subtypes were diagnosed according to WHO and IDF definitions respectively meanwhile hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia were diagnosed with IDF criteria.ResultsThe overall prevalence of the HTN was 29.9%. Men were more affected than women (35% vs 22.6%, p<0.05). Participants aged between 50-59 years and > 60 years were more exposed (p<0.05). Forty-one percent (41%) of the hypertensive subjects of the study had systo-diastolic sub-type of HTN meanwhile 31.6% had isolated systolic HTN vs 23% with isolated diastolic HTN. Risk factors associated to HTN were : male gender (OR=2.236; p<0.05); absence of education (OR= 24.296; p<0.05); primary education level (OR=1.933; p<0.05); marital status “married” (OR=3.117; p<0.05), increased age (30-39, 50-59, and > 60 years, respectively with OR=4.113, p<0.05; OR=31.405, p<0.05 and OR=18.694, p<0.05), abdominal obesity (OR= 2.476; p<0.05) and low milky products consumption (OR=2.031, p<0.05).ConclusionsHTN is quite present in Kaele locality and many non-modifiable, modifiable and socioeconomic risk factors significantly contributed to its development.
Stethoscope disinfection is rarely done in Ethiopia: what are the associated factors?
Authors: Sahiledengle Biniyam 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe stethoscope, which is universally used as a medical device by healthcare providers, is likely to be contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms. And regular cleaning of the diaphragm of the stethoscope with a suitable disinfectant is decisive. However, in the resource constrained setting like many healthcare facilities in Ethiopia healthcare provider’s stethoscope disinfection practice and its associated factors have not been well studied so far. Therefore, this study sought to determine stethoscope disinfection practice and associated factors among the healthcare providers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodsA facility-based cross-sectional survey was carried out between April and May 2016. For this survey, 576 healthcare providers were included from 21 healthcare facilities in Addis Ababa. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics were computed. Binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors that were significantly associated with stethoscope disinfection after every use.ResultsFive hundred forty six participants were take part in this study, for a response rate of 94.7%. Of these, only 39.7% (95%CI: 35.9, 44.0%) of healthcare providers disinfecting their stethoscope after every use. Physicians were less likely to disinfect there stethoscope compared to nurses (AOR=0.21; 95%CI: 0.09, 0.49). Healthcare providers who had awareness on infection prevention guideline, healthcare providers who had favorable attitude towards infection prevention and participants having safe infection prevention practice have better stethoscope disinfection practice after every use as compared to their counterparts (AOR=1.93; 95%CI: 1.31, 2.82), (AOR=1.73, 95%CI: 1.02, 2.93), and (AOR=3.79, 95%CI: 2.45-5.84), respectively.ConclusionsOnly a small proportion of healthcare providers disinfect their stethoscopes after every use. Factors such as awareness on infection prevention guidelines, favorable attitude towards infection prevention and safe infection prevention practice were the independent predictors of stethoscopes disinfection after every use. Hence, implementation of effective training on stethoscope disinfection along with increasing awareness on infection prevention may improve stethoscope disinfection practice.
Genetic resistance to DEHP-induced transgenerational endocrine disruption
Authors: Stenz Ludwig , Rahban Rita , Prados Julien , Nef Serge , Paoloni-Giacobino Ariane 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDi(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) interferes with sex hormones signaling pathways (SHP). C57BL/6J mice prenatally exposed to DEHP develop a testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS) at adulthood, but similarly-exposed FVB/N mice are not affected. Here we aim to understand the reasons behind this drastic difference that should depend on the genome of the strain. In both backgrounds, pregnant female mice receivedper oseither DEHP or corn oil vehicle and the male filiations were examined. Computer-assisted sperm analysis showed a DEHP-induced decreased sperm count and velocities in C57BL/6J. Sperm RNA sequencing experiments resulted in the identification of the 62 most differentially expressed RNAs. These RNAs, mainly regulated by hormones, produced strain-specific transcriptional responses to prenatal exposure to DEHP; a pool of RNAs was increased in FVB, another pool of RNAs was decreased in C57BL/6J. In FVB/N, analysis of non-synonymous SNP impacting SHP identified rs387782768 and rs387782768 respectively associated with absence of the Forkhead Box A3 (Foxa3) RNA and increased expression of estrogen receptor 1 variant 4 (NM_001302533) RNA. Analysis of the role of SNPs modifying SHP binding sites in function of strain-specific responses to DEHP revealed a DEHP-resistance allele in FVB/N containing an additional FOXA1-3 binding site at rs30973633 and four DEHP-induced beta-defensins (Defb42,Defb30,Defb47andDefb48). A DEHP-susceptibility allele in C57BL/6J contained five SNPs (rs28279710, rs32977910, rs46648903, rs46677594 and rs48287999) affecting SHP and six genes (Svs2,Svs3b,Svs4,Svs3a,Svs6andSvs5)epigenetically silenced by DEHP. Finally, targeted experiments confirmed increased methylation in theSvs3abpromoter with decreased SEMG2 persisting across generations, providing a molecular explanation for the transgenerational sperm velocity decrease found in C57BL/6J after DEHP exposure. We conclude that the existence of SNP-dependent mechanisms in inbred mice may confer resistance to transgenerational endocrine disruption.
Preliminary stability analysis methods for PrandtlPlane aircraft in subsonic conditions
Authors: Cipolla Vittorio , Abu Salem Karim , Bachi Filippo 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
The present paper aims to assess the reliability and the limitations of analysing flight stability of a box-wing aircraft configuration known as PrandtlPlane by means of methods conceived for conventional aircraft and well known in the literature.

Design/methodology/approach
Results obtained by applying vortex lattice methods to PrandtlPlane configuration, validated previously with wind tunnel tests, are compared to the output of a “Roskam-like” method, here defined to model the PrandtlPlane features.

Findings
The comparisons have shown that the “Roskam-like” model gives accurate predictions for both the longitudinal stability margin and dihedral effect, whereas the directional stability is always overestimated.

Research limitations/implications
The method here proposed and related achievements are valid only for subsonic conditions. The poor reliability related to lateral-directional derivatives estimations may be improved implementing different models known from the literature.

Practical implications
The possibility of applying a faster method as the “Roskam-like” one here presented has two main implications: it allows to implement faster analyses in the conceptual and preliminary design of PrandtlPlane, providing also a tool for the definition of the design space in case of optimization approaches and it allows to implement a scaling procedure, to study families of PrandtlPlanes or different aircraft categories.

Social implications
This paper is part of the activities carried out during the PARSIFAL project, which aims to demonstrate that the introduction of PrandtlPlane as air transport mean can fuel consumption and noise impact, providing a sustainable answer to the growing air passenger demand envisaged for the next decades.

Originality/value
The originality of this paper lies in the attempt of adopting analysis method conceived for conventional airplanes for the analysis of a novel configuration. The value of the work is represented by the knowledge concerning experimental results and design methods on the PrandtlPlane configuration, here made available to define a new analysis tool.
An efficient algorithm for generation of conforming mesh for three-dimensional discrete fracture networks
Authors: Mohajerani Soheil , Huang Duruo , Wang Gang , Jalali Seyed-Mohammad Esmaeil , Torabi Seyed Rahman 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
This study aims to develop an efficient algorithm for generation of conforming mesh for seepage analysis through 3D discrete fracture networks (DFN).

Design/methodology/approach
The algorithm is developed based on a refined conforming Delaunay triangulation scheme, which is then validated using analytical solutions. The algorithm is well able to meet the challenge of meshing complex geometry of DFNs.

Findings
A series of sensitivity analysis have been performed to evaluate the effect of meshing parameters on steady state solution of Darcy flow using a finite element scheme. The results show that an optimized minimum internal angle of meshing elements should be predetermined to guarantee termination of the algorithm.

Originality/value
The developed algorithm is computationally efficient, fast and is of low cost. Furthermore, it never changes the geometrical structure and connectivity pattern of the DFN.
Marketing activity of international new ventures – application of the EMICO framework
Authors: Kowalik Izabela , Danik Lidia 
Published: November 2018

PurposeOne of the approaches to study entrepreneurial marketing (EM) is the EMICO framework. The extant studies have not yet explored the application of this framework by international new ventures (INVs). To address this research gap, four Polish INVs from medium-tech sector have been studied to check whether this tool can be applied to investigate the companies from Central and Eastern European Countries and identify the hierarchy of elements in the EMICO framework.Design/methodology/approachUsing semi-structured interviews and the card game method, the understanding and importance of the EM concept elements by the Polish entrepreneurs have been explored. The collected text has been analyzed using qualitative data analysis software.FindingsThe studied INVs in their international marketing activity attributed most importance to understanding and responsiveness toward customers, networking, innovation introductions based on gathering of information and on the constant communication with clients. Most of the EMICO framework dimensions were confirmed; however, the concepts of “exploiting markets” and “integration of business processes” had minor importance for marketing.Research limitations/implicationsResearch findings are relevant mainly for the B2B companies.Originality/valueThe paper recommends a modified list of EMICO elements for use in future studies concerning the small- and medium-sized enterprise internationalization.
Do nurse navigators bring about fewer patient hospitalisations?
Authors: Gordon Louisa G. , Spooner Amy J. , Booth Natasha , Downer Tai-Rae , Hudson Adrienne , Yates Patsy , Geary Alanna , O’Donnell Christopher , Chan Raymond 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
Nurse navigators (NNs) coordinate patient care, improve care quality and potentially reduce healthcare resource use. The purpose of this paper is to undertake an evaluation of hospitalisation outcomes in a new NN programme in Queensland, Australia.

Design/methodology/approach
A matched case-control study was performed. Patients under the care of the NNs were randomly selected (n=100) and were matched to historical (n=300) and concurrent (n=300) comparison groups. The key outcomes of interest were the number and types of hospitalisations, length of hospital stay and number of intensive care unit days. Generalised linear and two-part models were used to determine significant differences in resources across groups.

Findings
The control and NN groups were well matched on socio-economic characteristics, however, groups differed by major disease type and number/type of comorbidities. NN patients had high healthcare needs with 53 per cent having two comorbidities. In adjusted analyses, compared with the control groups, NN patients showed higher proportions of preventable hospitalisations over 12 months, similar days in intensive care and a smaller proportion had overnight stays in hospital. However, the NN patients had significantly more hospitalisations (mean: 6.0 for NN cases, 3.4 for historical group and 3.2 for concurrent group); and emergency visits.

Research limitations/implications
As many factors will affect hospitalisation rates beyond whether patients receive NN care, further research and longer follow-up is required.

Originality/value
A matched case-control study provides a reasonable but insufficient design to compare the NN and non-NN exposed patient outcomes.
Trading with India: some current impediments for Pakistan
Authors: Manzoor Rabia , Maken Abbas Murtaza , Syed Shujaat Ahmed , Ahmed Vaqar 
Published: November 2018

PurposeThis study aims to examine the possible gains and challenges for the enhancement of bilateral trade ties between India and Pakistan. It is interested specifically in analyzing and deliberating an attempt to identify the key challenges and bottlenecks in cross-border trade.Design/methodology/approachThis paper offers in-depth case study of trade between India and Pakistan using time-series data and through various stake holders' interviews. As further discussed in the paper, the data investigation and interviews highlight impediments in India–Pakistan trade from trade policy to other policies involved in this process.FindingsBased on time series data and stakeholders’ interviews, the study concludes that poor trade logistics and abysmal transport infrastructure, high tariffs and non-tariff measures, lengthy customary procedures, heavy import duties, port restrictions, lack of appropriate storage facilities, strict visa regime, financial transaction barriers and lack of telecommunication facilities are the major challenges in the way of regional trade.Originality/valueThe study proposes some key reforms and policy measures to boost the formal trade to minimize the trade obstacles such as public–private partnerships and inclusion of private sector in a joint trade commission to strength the business relations between the two countries.
The orchestration process for emergence of clusters of innovation
Authors: Bittencourt Bruno Anicet , Zen Aurora Carneiro , Schmidt Vitor , Wegner Douglas 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
Requalification of neglected areas in urban contexts is considered as one of the main challenges for smart cities. Business clusters stand out as mechanisms of innovation for not only the clustered firms but also the territory in which they are located. However, the cluster emergence process is complex and still unknown. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the orchestration process in the emergence of a cluster of innovation (CoI).

Design/methodology/approach
This study is a qualitative exploratory research in Porto Alegre, a State capital in Southern Brazil, in the region known as 4th District. Data were collected through documentary research, non-participant observation and face-to-face in-depth interviews.

Findings
Results indicate the importance of alignment among network members, possible difficulties caused by members’ heterogeneity and the need to disseminate information and interaction for the appropriability of knowledge and innovation in the emergence process of CoI. Coordination of actions and joint agenda as facilitators for the construction of a cluster identity emerge as crucial important. Besides, results also highlight that the entrepreneurial process and the perspective of global strategy are essential to build competitive advantage to the region.

Research limitations/implications
This paper brings a theoretical and managerial contribution to the application of the concept of orchestration to emergence of a CoI. The framework presents network components, orchestration components and the drivers to emergence of a CoI.

Originality/value
This study proposes a framework to link the orchestration process to the emergence of a CoI. The proposed framework could help policymakers and other actors to enhance the impact of a cluster on the development of the region.
When stakeholder pressure drives the circular economy
Authors: Jakhar Suresh Kumar , Mangla Sachin Kumar , Luthra Sunil , Kusi-Sarpong Simonov 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of stakeholder pressures on firm’s circular economy (CE) initiatives. The organizational responses are quite heterogeneous even when the firms face similar pressure. The authors have tried to explain this heterogeneity by using innovative capability as mediating variables.

Design/methodology/approach
Empirical survey data from Indian manufacturing firms are obtained to test the proposed hypotheses. The hypotheses are grounded in resource-based view of the firm. The authors used structural equation modeling approach with maximum likelihood methods of approximation.

Findings
The results indicate that exploratory innovation positively influences the firms to adopt CE practices. Whereas, exploitative innovation capability inhibits the adoption of CE practices.

Practical implications
This study guides business managers to focus on develop exploratory innovative capabilities before the adoption of CE practices. This study also provides guidance to policy maker about the role of regulatory mechanism plays to encourage/inhibits firms for adoption of CE practices.

Originality/value
This is first study to analyze the idiosyncratic behavior of the firms when subjected to stakeholder pressure for CE practices adoption. Innovative capabilities (exploratory/exploitative) are able to explain the reason for diverse response to stakeholder response.
Static and dynamic stiffness measurements with Opalinus Clay
Authors: Lozovyi Serhii , Bauer Andreas 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTIn this work, an experimental study was carried out with the aim of reconciling static and dynamic stiffness of Opalinus Clay. The static and dynamic stiffness of core plugs from a shaly and a sandy facies of Opalinus Clay were characterized at two different stress states. The measurements included undrained quasi‐static loading–unloading cycles from which the static stiffness was derived, dynamic stiffness measurement at seismic frequencies (0.5–150 Hz) and ultrasonic velocity measurements (500 kHz) probing the dynamic stiffness at ultrasonic frequencies. The experiments were carried out in a special triaxial low‐frequency cell. The obtained results demonstrate that the difference between static and dynamic stiffness is due to both dispersion and non‐elastic effects: Both sandy and shaly facies of Opalinus Clay exhibit large dispersion, that is, a large frequency dependence of dynamic stiffness and acoustic velocities. Especially dynamic Young's moduli exhibit very high dispersion; between seismic and ultrasonic frequencies they may change by more than a factor 2. P‐wave velocities perpendicular to bedding are by more than 200 m/s higher at ultrasonic frequencies than at seismic frequencies. The static undrained stiffness of both sandy and shaly facies is strongly influenced by non‐elastic effects, resulting in significant softening during both loading and unloading with increasing stress amplitude. The zero‐stress extrapolated static undrained stiffness, however, reflects the purely elastic response and agrees well with the dynamic stiffness at seismic frequency.
A Fatal Mediastinitis Due to a Neck Trauma from an Undeclared Assault
Authors: Cascini Fidelia , Biondo Domenico , Giannace Carolina , Filograna Laura , Laino Domenico , Capelli Arnaldo , Pascali Vincenzo L. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractHistory of neck trauma should be promptly investigated in patients with severe infections of the chest as mediastinitis. We present a forensic case of a death due to a mediastinitis in a patient with an undetected fracture of the superior horn of the thyroid cartilage that was exclusively revealed at autopsy examination. Histological analyses of the neck tissues showed signs of pharyngeal mucosal microperforation caused by the fracture and surrounded by an inflammatory reaction. The fracture was caused by a not declared manual strangulation attempt, happened several days before medical evaluations. We share our experience to emphasize the importance of revealing the etiologies of fatal infections of the mediastinum both for clinical and forensic purposes.
MRI diagnosis and follow‐up of chest wall and breast desmoid tumours in patients with a history of oncologic breast surgery and silicone implants: A pictorial report
Authors: Grubstein Ahuva , Rapson Yael , Zer Alona , Gadiel Itay , Atar Eli , Morgenstern Sara , Gutman Haim 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIntroductionBreast and chest wall desmoid tumours can cause debilitating symptoms and deformity. The mutilating effects of surgical treatment have prompted a shift to medical treatments and even to a wait‐and‐see approach. This study sought to highlight specific characteristics of breast and chest wall desmoid tumours on long‐term follow‐up by sequential MRI scans.MethodsThirty‐two breast MRI scans from six patients with chest wall or breast desmoid tumours followed up for up to 6 years were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsAll patients underwent breast surgery prior to the development of the desmoid tumour. Five of the patients had reconstruction or augmentation using silicone implants. Two desmoids were treated primarily with surgery, three with medical means and one is under wait‐and‐see approach. On MRI, tumours appeared either oval and lobulated (chest wall) or spiculated with architectural distortion (breast). Chest wall desmoids demonstrated both an enhancing high‐T2‐signal component and a non‐enhancing low‐T2‐ signal component. The histologically defined phases during the course of desmoid tumours (progression, regression, residual disease) could be demonstrated by corresponding MRI changes in each of the components.ConclusionsMagnetic resonance imaging delineates the complex infiltrative features of chest wall and breast desmoid tumours. In tumours with a bright cellular enhancing and dark collagenous non‐enhancing component, treatment response may be predicted by changes on serial T2‐weighted sequences, beyond the tumour‐dimension‐based RECIST assessment alone.