bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study between One Year Patency of Brachio- Basilic Arteriovenous Fistula versus Brachial to Basilic Forearm Loop Graft in End Stage Renal Disease Patients
Authors: Mohammed Islam Badry , Khattb Mahmoud Sobhy , Whba Ramez Mounir , Emam Fakhr Mohammed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Autogenous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is considered the first choice for vascular access. Transposed arteriovenous fistulas include transposed brachial-basilic arteriovenous fistulas and transposed brachial-brachial arteriovenous fistulas, both basilic vein and brachial vein are too deep to cannulate, so requires transposition to be accessible.

Aim of the Work
to compare the outcomes of patients treated with a Brachio-basilic arteriovenous fistula with those of patients treated with the polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) brachial to basalic loop graft.

Methods
This prospective cohort observational study included 50 patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) on regular hemodialysis who were divided into two equal groups; group A: included patients who underwent the Basilica forarm polyteterafloruracil arteriovenous graft (BBAVG) and group B: included patients who underwent Basilic vein transposition or basilic vein superficialization (BBAVF).

Results
There was no statistically significant difference between the two studied groups regarding age, gender, clinical characteristics, primary, assisted primary or secondary patency rates, functional maturity at 1, 3, and 6 months, early postoperative bleeding (p = 0.312), late postoperative bleeding (p = 1), early postoperative mortality (p = 1), thrombosis (p = 0.018), late postoperative thrombosis (p = 0.157), early postoperative mild Infection (p = 0.123), early postoperative sever infection (p = 1), late postoperative mild infection (p = 0.074) and late postoperative sever infection (p = 0.297).

Conclusions
Both BBAVF and PTFE brachial to basilic loop graft can be considered as viable options for vascular access in this patient population. The choice of procedure may depend on individual patient factors, as well as the risk of thrombosis, which should be carefully evaluated.
Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Androgenic Induced Alopecia in Adult Male Albino Rats versus Conventional Minoxidil Treatment
Authors: Hussein Ali Heba Mohammed , Hamdy Khaled Naiem , Ebrahim El- Nefiawy Nagwa , Kamar Sherif A , Moneim Abo El Fetouh Marwa Abd El 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Androgenic alopecia (AGA) could be the most common form of hair loss in man. AGA could be associated with reduced quality of life. Might cause several psychological comorbidities such as depression, anxiety. There are two FDA approved medications for treatment of hair loss; minoxidil (antihypertensive & vasodilator) in addition to finasteride (a selective inhibitor of type II & III isoforms of 5α-reductase enzyme).

Aim of Work
The current study was performed to investigate the potential role of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB)-MSCs in aiding hair growth in AGA compared to conventional minoxidil treatment in adult male albino rats.

Material and Methods
Forty-eight adult male albino rats were used in the study. Rats were assigned into the following groups; control group that either received no treatment or daily subcutaneous injection of sesame oil (0.1 ml), AGA group in which rats received daily subcutaneous injection of testosterone in a dose of 2 mg/rat /day, AGA plus Minoxidil treatment group in which rats received testosterone injection as in group II in addition to 2% Minoxidil spray treatment, AGA plus hUCB-MSCs treatment group in which rats received testosterone injection in addition to dermal injection of 1 x105 cells /cm2 of stem cells. At the end of the experiment after 2 weeks, rats were sacrificed for paraffin blocks and stained with H & E and Masson’s Trichrome.

Results
Decrease in both total number of hair follicles and number of anagen hair follicles was noticed. There was an increase in mean number of the telogen hair follicles. There were increase in the catagen hair follicles with numerous fibrous streamers observed, with increased vellus hair number. Meanwhile, terminal hair number had been decreased in comparison to control group. There were cavitations in hairs and their sheaths, inter follicular cavitation, wavey collagen fiber deposition, perifollicular mononuclear cell infiltrate, and thinning of arrector pili muscle.

Conclusion
Stem cell therapy had superior efficacy over minoxidil in the treatment of AGA.
Comparative Study between the Accuracy of Transcerebellar Diameter versus Femur Length and Biparietal Diameter Measurements in Estimation of Gestational Age during Third Trimester
Authors: Solaiman Nourhan Galal , Desouky Ahmed Mohamed , ElHodiby Mohamed E , El Moez Ahmed Walaa Adel Abd 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Knowledge of accurate gestational age is of great importance in obstetric practice. Pregnancy complications as low birth weight, preterm labor are very common in pregnancies with unknown and inaccurate estimated gestational age, gestational age estimation is essential for proper prenatal care and determining whether the fetal size is appropriate-for- gestational age. Moreover, it is essential for many prenatal interventions, such as fetal lung maturation, use of magnesium for neuroprophylaxis in preterm infants, induction of delivery and neonatal resuscitation. Optimal assessment requires good judgment by the obstetrician caring for the patient.

Objective
To compare the accuracy of transcerebellar diameter versus the current fetal biometrics including (femur length and biparietal diameter) in estimation of the gestational age during the third trimester according to last menstrual period.

Patients and Methods
The study was conducted in clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department- MUST University Hospital. This study included 120 pregnant females. They were divided equally into three equal groups each contained 40 patients; Group I: Biparietal diameter measured group, Group II: Femur Length measured group, and Group III: Transcerebellar measured group.

Results
The comparison in 1 week proved that the TCD gave correct assessment of gestational age in 107 patients (89.17%), the BPD gave correct assessment of gestational age in 73 patients (60.83%) and the FL gave correct assessment of gestational age in 97 patients (80.83%).

Conclusion
Transcerebellar diameter is the most accurate and reliable method for assessment of gestational age in third trimester followed by FL and the least accurate is the BPD.
Impact of Coronary Revascularization on Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain in Chronic Total Occlusion
Authors: Ali Khaled Mohammed , Abdulhamid Mohammed Amin , Abdulrahman Mohammed Ahmed , Hatata Ahmed Ibrahim 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Ischemia is the cause of decreased ventricular relaxation and diastolic dysfunction, which is followed by reduced systolic function. This sequence of events is the outcome of a chain reaction that starts with metabolic and biochemical changes. A temporary impairment in ventricular relaxation is brought on by ischaemia. Even in cases when there are coronary collaterals present, the majority of patients who have a CTO still have some degree of LV dysfunction. PCI to CTO lesions is a technically complex treatment that is performed in the hope of a functional recovery, which has been found to enhance the possibility of survival.

Objective
To investigate the impact of CTO revascularization on LV function using LV GLS.

Methods
This study is a prospective observational study that was conducted at Ain Shams university hospitals, in the time interval from October 2022 till October 2023. The study included 30 consecutive patients with CTO lesions who underwent successful PCI. All the patient underwent assessment of GLS of LV before PCI and two months after.

Results
There was a significant improvement in GLS in the follow up study; P value was &lt;0.001, and significant improvement in the EF; p value was &lt;0.023. There were no associations of gender and age with the percentage of improvement; there were insignificant P values 0.361 and 0.640 among gender and age respectively. We found no associations of risk factors with the percentage of improvement in EF and GLS in hypertensive patients (P value was 0.426), in smokers (0.426), in diabetic patients (0.666), and in dyslipidemic patients (0.580) which were all insignificant. Regarding the relationship between the improvement in LV GLS and angiographic characteristics post PCI, all the P values were insignificant since all the CTO PCI sessions resulted in TIMI III flow

Conclusion
Our study showed significant improvement in LV systolic function after successful CTO PCI during follownup period of two months (The LV GLS and LVEF). Also, we found no impact of predictors on GLS Improvement.
Role of Statin Therapy in Prevention of Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed L , El-Abd Ali A , Mohamed Haitham G , Noufal Ahmed M , Kamal Bassam S 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Recent advances in the treatment of breast cancer have resulted in improved overall cancer survival; however, cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction is considered a major adverse effect of several chemotherapeutic agents, particularly anthracyclines. Hence, there is a need to develop proper cardioprotective strategies to limit myocardial injury following chemotherapy.

Objective
To evaluate the effect of statin therapy on the prevention of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in female patients with breast cancer.

Patients and Methods
The current study is a prospective, randomized, single-blind, placebo- controlled trial that included a total of 100 female patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer who received anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio into two groups, the study group in which patients received 40 mg of oral atorvastatin and the control group in which patients received a placebo. A comprehensive echocardiographic examination was performed to all patients before receiving the chemotherapy and at 6 months after, assessment of LV ejection fraction was done by 3D-echocardiography.

Results
The mean age of patients assigned to the control group was 49.8±10.51 years, while patients assigned to the intervention group had a mean age of 47.84± 9.16 years, both the control group and the intervention group were similar in demographic data and baseline clinical characteristics. There was a highly significant difference between the two groups regarding both the absolute LVEF assessed by 3D-echocardiography at 6 months and the percentage of change compared to baseline values, patients assigned to the control group had mean LVEF of 52.92% at 6 months with a percentage of change reaching -7.06%, while those assigned to the intervention group had mean LVEF reaching 56.22% at 6 months with a percentage of change reaching -3.64% (P-value: 0.008 and 0.004 for the absolute value and percentage of change respectively). There was a significant difference between the two groups regarding the incidence of development of cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (defined as a drop in LVEF of more than 10% and to a value below 53% assessed by 3D echocardiography), among the control group 15 patients (30%) developed CTRCD after 6 months from starting Anthracyclines based chemotherapy, while, among the intervention group only 6 patients (12%) developed CTRCD. (P-value= 0.027)

Conclusion
Prophylactic use of atorvastatin may prevent the development of cancer therapy- related cardiac dysfunction in breast cancer patients receiving anthracycline- based chemotherapy.
Immediate and Short Term Outcomes for Using Drug Coated Balloons in Treating Coronary Bifurcation Lesions
Authors: Kamel Ahmed M M H , Nassar Ahmed I , Fathy Ahmed M , Fakhry Emad E , Fahmy Yousef M 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
lesions at the bifurcation of coronary arteries pose a substantial difficulty due to their intricate anatomical structure and the increased risk of complications during or after the procedures. Drug-coated balloons (DCBs) have recently been recognized as a promising therapeutic strategy for managing bifurcation lesions.

Objective
to compare the use of drug-coated balloons versus ordinary balloons in provisional stenting of coronary artery bifurcation lesions and its impact on the procedural success rate & short-term MACE

Patients and Methods
The current study is a prospective, longitudinal cohort, interventional two arm study that included a total of 66 patients. 40 in Control group (group A) and 26 in case group (group B). every patient is assigned to a particular group based on the operator’s preference. In both groups provisional stenting was employed, with dilation of the side branch using a standard balloon in group “A” and a drug-coated balloon in group “B”. The evaluation of the outcomes of the indexed procedure and a six-month follow-up were conducted to monitor the incidence of Major Adverse Cardiac Events (MACE).

Results
The mean age of patients assigned to the Group A was 57.18 ± 9.84 years, while patients assigned to the Group B had a mean age of 55.50 ± 7.74years, both groups were similar in demographic data, baseline clinical characteristics and Echocardiographic Data. The study’s primary endpoint was the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), at a 6-month follow-up. A significant difference was observed between the case and control groups in terms of MACE after 6 months. The incidence of MACE was 23.7% (9 out of 38 patients who continued the study after 2 cases of in- hospital mortality) in the control group, compared to only 3.9% (1 out of 26 patients) in the case group, with a p-value of 0.039. the secondary endpoints of the study, which encompassed the attainment of lesion success and procedure success, did not show a statistically significant difference between the case and control groups despite the observed variation in the complication rat

Conclusion
The application of drug-coated balloons in provisional stenting for coronary artery bifurcation lesions demonstrated superiority over conventional balloons in terms of short-term major adverse cardiac events (MACE), and exhibited non-inferiority in relation to lesion or procedural success.
Role of Impulse Oscillometry (IOS) Together with Diffusing Capacity of the Lungs for Carbon Monoxide (DLCO) and High-Resolution Computed Tomography for the Chest in Early Diagnosis of Interstitial Lung Disease in Patients with Connective Tissue Diseases
Authors: Mohamed Abdel Dayem Aya Mohamed , Gomaa Ashraf Adel , Hendawy Mahmoud Mokhtar , rezk Mohamed Mohamed , raafat Ali Wafaa , Shawky Hiekal Abdel Hamid Mohammed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Connective Tissue Diseases (CTDs) are systemic autoimmune conditions characterized by frequent lung involvement. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a severe pulmonary complication in CTD and associated with significant increased morbidity and mortality, so early detection of ILD is essential.

Aim of the Work
To find the best modality for early diagnosis of interstitial lung disease in patients with connective tissue disorders by using DLCO, impulse oscillometry and HRCT chest.

Patients and Methods
This observational, analytical and cross sectional study was conducted upon 60 patients whom were diagnosed as connective tissue disease during the period from march 2022 to march 2023 who were admitted to chest and rheumatology department or outpatient clinics visitors, to Ain Shams University Hospitals.

Results
regarding our results, there was high statistical significance between DLCO and IOS (Best x5). Sensitivity and specificity of Diffusion lung of CO2; DLCO score in prediction of outcome in CT Chest Findings showing significance in DLCO score; p = 0.024 with CI ranged between 53.9-81.4% and sensitivity 67.6%. Sensitivity and specificity of the impulse oscillation method; R5, R20,and Best-X5 score in prediction of outcome in CT Chest Findings. Showing no significance in all with sensitivity 50.2%, 46.1%, 43.4% and 57.5% respectively

Conclusion
ILD should always be considered in patients with CTD. Diagnosis of CTD-ILD is challenging so Early diagnosis of ILD using DLCO, HRCT chest or by using IOS is important as it could affect therapy plans.
Assessment of the Effect of COPD on Intraocular Pressure in Ain Shams University Hospitals Patients
Authors: Saad Hussein Alaa Khaled , Mohamed Abd-Eldayem Aya Mohamed , Abdelkader Maryam Ali 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a group of diseases that cause airflow blockage and breathing-related problems. It includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis. COPD is a preventable and treatable disease. COPD is one of the main reasons of morbidity and mortality in all over the world, and its prevalence is generally associated with the prevalence of direct tobacco use.

Aim of the Work
To assess the effect of COPD on intraocular pressure in Ain Shams University Hospitals patients.

Patients and Methods
This is a controlled cross sectional study which recruited from clinical chest department at Ain Shams University Hospitals. The study was done on 50 diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with age more than 40 years old included in the study diagnosed using standard clinical and diagnostic criteria to assess intra ocular pressure and 50 age and sex- matched healthy control subjects included in the study.

Results
Study results showed that there was a statistically significant Relation between severity of COPD and IOP measurement in right and left eye and also there was significant positive correlation between IOP in right and left eye with smoke pack and duration of smoking.

Conclusion
COPD as a disease had many effects on eye structures and cause increase in IOP which will lead to Glaucoma. The more the severity of COPD the more the increase in IOP.
The Role of Screening of Patient Proved to have Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease by Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscope for Early Detection of Interstitial Lung Diseases
Authors: Elsharkawy Samar Hassan , Osman Ahmed Mohamed , Ghaly Ragy Mamdouh , Rashad Asmaa , Hamed Abdou 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common digestive disorder in North America, causing symptoms and complications. It affects 18.1-27.28% of people and is associated with decreased quality of life. Treatment improves quality of life, but treatment costs are higher.

Aim and Objectives
The study aims to assess the role of screening of patient proved to have gastroesophageal reflux disease by upper gastrointestinal endoscope for early detection of interstitial lung diseases.

Subjects and Methods
this study was Cross sectional study. The study will be conducted at Chest diseases Department of Ain Shams university hospitals. This prospective cross-sectional study will be conducted on 90 randomly selected patients diagnosed with GERD by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. For one year.

Result
the findings of chest HRCT for enrolled patients is 15 patients (16.7%) showed positive CT findings suggestive of interstitial lung disease, whereas 75 patients (83.3%) had normal CT scan. The most common CT finding was atelectasis reported in nine patients (10%). a statistically significant correlation between age and fibrosis and reticular infiltration, female gender & reticular infiltration. no statistically significant correlation between CT findings and each of chest symptoms and GERD symptoms.

Conclusion
The study found that gastrointestinal endoscopes are effective in early detection of interstitial lung diseases, with 16.7% of patients showing positive CT findings. Age, gender, hiatal hernia presence, cough, dyspnea, and wheezes were significant factors in fibrosis. and reticular infiltration
Role of Interleukin-17F Gene Polymorphism in Susceptibility to Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Relation to Serum Level of IL-17
Authors: Mahmoud Esraa Adel , Abdel-Ghaffar Afaf Abdel-Aziz , Eisa Deena Samir Mohamed , El-Gamal Rasha Abd El-Rahman , Abdelmaksoud Mariam Fathy 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is complex and not fully understood. A variety of interleukins have been shown to regulate the survival, growth, and apoptosis of leukemia cells. The IL-17 family includes interleukin-17F [rs763780; A7488G]. The IL-17F rs763780 polymorphism inhibits the wild-type IL-17F's activity and raises tumor susceptibility contributing to the emergence of certain tumor types including AML.

Objectives
This work aimed to study the relation between IL-17F gene polymorphism and susceptibility to AML and evaluated IL-17 plasma levels in AML with different IL-17F genotypes.

Results
There was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of different IL-17F genotypes between cases and controls. While the statistical comparison between both groups showed a significant difference with p-value &lt;0.001 regarding IL-17 plasma level being higher in the case group with cutoff value &gt;35 ng/L.

Conclusion
We concluded that IL-17 gene polymorphism doesn’t increase susceptibility to AML in Egyptian adults. IL-17 plasma level is an excellent diagnostic biomarker in AML patients.
Identification and Antibiogram of Clinically Relevant Non-Diphtheriae Corynebacterium species
Authors: Aboul Fotouh Taha Nada Ahmed , Abd El Alim Manal , Saber Sally Mohamed , Ahmed Sherin , Masry El , Alaa Noha , Fahim Eldin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives
With the increase in immunosuppressed patients and antimicrobial misuse, Non-diphtheriae Corynebacterium species (NDC spp.) have risen as opportunistic pathogens in hospitalized patients. The present study aimed at comparing Vitek 2C automated identification cards versus MALDI-TOF as the gold standard method for the identification of different NDC spp. and determining the antimicrobial susceptibility of NDC spp. by the disc diffusion method for proper management of patients.

Materials and Methods
The study included 30 NDC spp. isolates recovered from different samples and were subjected to identification by MALDI-TOF and Vitek 2C. The disc diffusion method was performed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of the following antibiotics: pencillin G, tetracycline, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, vancomycin, and Linezolid.

Results
Our study showed that Corynebacterium striatum (C. striatum) was the most commonly isolated species (83.3%), followed by C. amycolatum (10%). 36.7% of the isolates were recovered from blood culture while 20 % were recovered from deep wounds. The age of the patients included in the current study ranged from 55 to 85 years with a mean of 46.7 years. 56.7 % of the isolates were collected from female patients and 43.3% from male patients. As Regard isolate identification by Vitek-2C ANC ID CARD compared to MALDI-TOF (matrix-associated laser-induced desorption ionization-time of flight) as the gold standard method, the agreement was 86.7%. Regarding the antimicrobial susceptibility by disc diffusion method, all the isolates showed increased resistance against pencillin (100%), ciprofloxacin (70%), gentamicin (93.3%), tetracycline (76.6%), and clindamycin (70%). On the other hand, vancomycin and linezolid showed promising results where 100 % of the isolates were susceptible.

Conclusion
We spotlight that NDC spp. should no longer be considered contaminant bacteria in cultures, particularly in immunosuppressed patients. Timely identification, proper clinical correlation, and appropriate therapeutic intervention can lead to favorable outcomes. The high resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics as compounds of the MLSB group, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, and β- lactams, thus potentially limiting effective empirical treatment. However, vancomycin and linezolid are still effective against 100 % of the isolates.