bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Baduanjin exercise on acute myocardial infarction in patients with anxiety and depression after percutaneous coronary intervention: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kang Liang , Li Yihua , Chen Keyu , Chen Xiaoqin , Chu Qingmin , Zhao Xinjun , Li Rong 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the most severe type of coronary heart disease and patients often require percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, anxiety and depression are common complications of PCI.

Methods:
This study conducted a prospective randomized controlled trial to investigate the effectiveness of Baduanjin exercise in improving cardiac function and alleviating symptoms of anxiety and depression in patients who underwent PCI for AMI. Patients with AMI (n = 120) who underwent PCI at the Cardiology Department of The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine between September 2020 and June 2021 were included. Participants were divided into a control group (moderate intensity walking) and a Baduanjin exercise group. The treatment period was 8 weeks, with follow-ups at weeks 4 and 8. Improvement of cardiac structure and function indices was measured by echocardiography. Physical function was assessed using the 6-minute walk test. Mental state was assessed using the Seattle Angina Questionnaire, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, and Hamilton Depression Scale before and after exercise.

Results:
Compared to the control group, the Baduanjin exercise group showed improvement in change in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (–1.0 ± 3.4 vs –2.3 ± 2.7 mm, respectively; P = .02), left ventricular ejection fraction (6.8 ± 4.2 vs 4.5 ± 4.3%, respectively; P = .002), angina stability (42.5 ± 31.7 vs 33.3 ± 29.7, respectively; P = .11), 6-minute walk test (118.4 ± 49.1 vs 88.3 ± 40.2 m, respectively; P < .001), and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (6.7 ± 2.6 vs 5.3 ± 2.6, respectively; P = .003), and Hamilton Depression Scale (7.6 ± 4.1 vs 4.8 ± 2.1, respectively; P < .001) scores.

Conclusions:
Baduanjin exercise for 8 weeks improved the cardiac function and mental state of patients with anxiety and depression after PCI for AMI. Through this study, we aim to provide reliable evidence in support of the beneficial effects of Baduanjin exercise on cardiac function and anxiety–depression, contributing to evidence-based medicine.
Clinical study of different frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with paroxetine in the treatment of poststroke depression with insomnia
Authors: Xu Xiafei , Li Liang , Gao Tianchu , Zhang Qiuping , Liu Shujuan , Liu Xiyan 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Study the treatment of poststroke depression and insomnia using varied repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) frequencies alongside paroxetine. Aim to enhance rTMS effectiveness for depression, insomnia, neurological impairment, and daily living skills.

Methods:
Ninety poststroke depression (PSD) patients were randomly divided into a low-frequency group (low-frequency rTMS + enteric-coated paroxetine), a high-frequency group (high-frequency rTMS + enteric-coated paroxetine), and a control group (sham stimulation + enteric-coated paroxetine). The treatment was administered 5 times a week for a total of 2 weeks. Before treatment, at the end of the 2-week treatment, and at the end of the 6-week follow-up, the 3 groups of patients were assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and Modified Barthel Index (MBI). The mean differences of scores measured at different frequencies and at different times were analyzed by repeated measure one-way analysis of variance.

Results:
The interaction between different frequency and score before and after treatment was significant. HAMD, PSQI, and NIHSS scores of the 3 groups after 2 weeks of treatment and 6 weeks of follow-up were significantly lower than before treatment, while MBI scores were opposite. The main effect of treatment scores in different frequency groups showed that HAMD, NIHSS, and MBI scores were not significantly different among the 3 groups before treatment. The HAMD, PSQI, and NIHSS scores of the low frequency group and the high frequency group were significantly lower than those of the control group after treatment, and the MBI scores were the opposite, except that there was no significant difference in HAMD-17 scores among the 3 groups at the 6-week follow-up. Among them, HAMD score in high-frequency group was significantly lower than that in low-frequency group, and PSQI score was significantly higher than that in low-frequency group.

Conclusion:
Low-frequency rTMS combined with medication has a better therapeutic effect on the insomnia symptoms of PSD, while high-frequency rTMS combined with medication has a more pronounced therapeutic effect on the depressive symptoms of PSD. Both high-frequency and low-frequency rTMS have an improving effect on neurofunctional deficits and activities of daily living.
Bilateral chylothorax following papillary thyroid carcinoma with cervical lymph node dissection: Case report and comprehensive review of the literature
Authors: Zhou Jing , Li Daxue , Xiao Qian , Zhuang Yuchen , Yang Ting , Xue Song , Gao Han , Su Xinliang 
Published: November 2024

Rationale:
This case analysis and literature review aim to identify the causes of bilateral chylothorax following thyroid cancer surgery, a rare yet serious complication.

Patient concerns:
We report 2 East Asian women who developed bilateral chylothorax after undergoing total thyroidectomy with neck lymph node dissection. Both patients presented with dyspnea and significant pleural effusion postoperatively.

Diagnoses:
Both patients were diagnosed with bilateral chylothorax based on clinical examination and imaging studies, including chest ultrasonography and X-rays.

Interventions:
In both cases, conservative management was initially implemented, involving chest tube drainage, total parenteral nutrition, and octreotide therapy. Surgical intervention was considered if conservative measures failed to control the chylous output.

Outcomes:
Both patients showed gradual improvement with conservative treatment, ultimately resulting in successful resolution of pleural effusion and discharge from the hospital without complications.

Lessons:
For patients with bilateral chylothorax, conservative treatment should be the initial approach for small effusions. For moderate to large effusions, placement of a chest drainage tube is recommended, and surgical intervention should be considered if chyle volume exceeds 10 mL/(kg/d) for 48 to 72 hours or persists for more than 11 days following conservative treatment.
Efficacy and safety of acupuncture treatment for stiff neck: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yu Bingbing , Yang Yan , Fang Junlin , Guo Yun , Qiu Yicheng , Yang Shun , Ran Sijia , Zheng Kai , Wang Tingting , Huang Yingru 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Stiff neck is a common acute musculoskeletal condition that significantly affects the quality of life of patients. Acupuncture is recommended as an effective method for alleviating pain and restoring neck mobility in patients with stiff neck, but there is currently a lack of scientific evidence supporting its efficacy and safety. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of stiff neck.

Method:
This study searched 8 Chinese and English electronic medical databases, including China Biology Medicine disc, VIP database, Wanfang Data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, with a search period up to May 13, 2024. The focus was on clinical randomized controlled trials evaluating acupuncture treatment for stiff neck. The primary outcome measures were the total effective rate and visual analog scale scores. The quality of evidence and methodology of the included studies were assessed according to the GRADEpro guidelines. Meta-analysis was conducted to assess the results, with heterogeneity analysis, sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis, trial sequential analysis, and publication bias analysis performed to verify the robustness of the combined results and explore potential sources of heterogeneity.

Result:
This study evaluated 10 clinical randomized controlled trials comparing acupuncture therapy with conventional treatment, involving 754 patients. The treatment group received acupuncture alone or in combination with conventional treatment, whereas the control group received only conventional treatment. The analysis results showed that the treatment group was significantly superior to the control group in improving the total effective rate (risk ratio = 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.04, 1.21], P = .002), reducing visual analog scale scores (mean difference [MD] = −0.93, 95% CI [−1.29, −0.57], P < .001), reducing neck disability index scores (MD = −6.39, 95% CI [−6.79, −6.00], P < .001), and restoring cervical range of motion (cervical lateral flexion: MD = 4.29, 95% CI [3.15, 5.43], P < .001; cervical rotation: MD = 6.08, 95% CI [4.46, 7.70], P < .001).

Conclusion:
Acupuncture is an effective and safe method for treating stiff neck. However, to validate this conclusion, more rigorously designed and higher-quality studies are needed in the future.
Analysis of TRIOBP gene in non-syndromic deafness: A case report
Authors: Zhou Hong , Guo Gang , Gao Jianjun , Duan Hong 
Published: November 2024

Rationale:
Through family investigation, the genetic map was drawn and audiological characteristics were analyzed. High-throughput sequencing was used to screen the deafness genes of the proband. Sanger sequencing was used to verify the suspected pathogenic sites in the family.

Patient concerns:
Identify the causes of hearing loss and treatment options.

Diagnoses:
Bilateral moderate to severe sensorineural deafness.

Interventions:
After completing the examination, the patient was recommended to wear a hearing aid or do a cochlear implant, but the patient was not treated for personal reasons.

Outcomes:
All 8 patients in this family were nonsyndromic deafness. The proband had a compound heterozygous mutation of c.A4484T/c.A4510G in the TRIOBP gene, and the patient II-6 had a heterozygous mutation of c.A4484T in the TRIOBP gene. A complex heterozygous mutation of TRIOBP gene c.A4510G/c.G59T was found in II-7, but no reports of pathogenicity of these mutations were found in relevant literatures and databases. In addition, patients II-6, III-4, and III-6 had heterozygous mutations of CHD7 gene c.T2615C and C.3202-5T >C, and patients II-6 and III-4 also had heterozygous mutations of CHD23 gene c.G5312A and c.C6250T.

Lessons:
In this study, a new locus of the TRIOBP gene was found, which enriched the gene mutant spectrum and clarified the pathogenic gene of the proband. However, the etiology of deafness in other members of the family needs to be further analyzed.
The effects of methimazole combined with propranolol on heart rate, bone metabolism, and thyroid hormone levels in patients with hyperthyroidism: A systematic review and a meta-analysis of case–control studies
Authors: Xie Xingxing , Fan Xiaodong , Fan Ling , Liu Xue , Zheng Yang , Yu Zhigang 
Published: November 2024

Background:
The combination of methimazole and propranolol is considered an effective treatment regimen for hyperthyroidism in clinical practice; however, detrimental effects on the heart rate, bone metabolism and thyroid hormone levels have been reported. Therefore, the present study aimed to systematically review the efficacy and safety differences in patients with hyperthyroidism and the effects of treatment on heart rate, bone metabolism, cortisol, and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels using case–control studies.

Methods:
Clinical case–control trials of methimazole combined with propranolol for the treatment of hyperthyroidism were selected from Chinese and English databases, and data were collected from the establishment of the database until August 2024. Two independent researchers evaluated the quality of the literature using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). Meta-analysis of each effect index was performed using RevMan software (version 5.3), and the quality of the results was evaluated using the GRADE profiler system letter description method.

Results:
Sixteen clinical case–control trials were included in this study. Of these, 2 trials exhibited NOS scores of 7, 6 trials exhibited NOS scores of 6, and 8 trials exhibited NOS scores of 5. These accounted for 12.5% of the high-quality literatures, and included 772 patients treated with methimazole combined with propranolol (observation group) and 771 patients treated with methimazole alone (control group). The results of the meta-analysis demonstrated that methimazole combined with propranolol improved the cure rate, the total effective rate, and heart rate, compared with the control group (P < .05). In addition, calcification, bone glutamate protein, free triiodothyronine, free tetraiodothyronine, thyroid-stimulating hormone, cortisol, and adrenocorticotropic hormone were significantly different between the 2 groups (P < .05). There were no significant differences in leukemia, headache, dizziness, skin pruritus, bone pain, arthralgia, or in improving parathyroid hormone or reducing gastrointestinal reactions between the 2 groups.

Conclusion:
The present study demonstrated that methimazole combined with propranolol may significantly improve the heart rate, bone metabolism and associated hormone levels in patients with hyperthyroidism, without significantly increasing the risk of adverse reactions. However, due to the impact of primary literature type, quality or research methods high-quality, multicenter, rigorously designed clinical trials are required for further verification.
Dynamics of clustering rates in the Rhode Island HIV-1 epidemic
Authors: Novitsky Vlad , Steingrimsson Jon , Guang August , Dunn Casey W. , Howison Mark , Gillani Fizza S. , Hague Joel , Fulton John , Bertrand Thomas , Bhattarai Lila , MacAskill Meghan , Bandy Utpala , Hogan Joseph , Kantor Rami 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Characterizing HIV clustering rates and their trends over time can improve understanding a local epidemic and enhance its control.

Methods:
Leveraging an academic–public health partnership in Rhode Island, we explored longitudinal dynamics of statewide clustering rates among key populations from 1991 to 2023. Partial HIV-1 pol sequences were grouped by year of HIV-1 diagnosis. Molecular clusters were identified in cumulative annual phylogenies. Overall clustering rates, and clustering rates of newly diagnosed and prevalent infections, and of specific sociodemographic characteristics of key populations over time were determined. Mann–Kendall statistics were used to estimate clustering rate trends and relationships among groups.

Results:
By the end of 2023, 2630 individuals with sequences represented the statewide epidemic in Rhode Island. Overall clustering rates increased from 7% in 1991 to 46% in 2023, correlating with cumulative sequence increase. Clustering rates of newly diagnosed and prevalent infections significantly increased over time, higher in newly diagnosed individuals since the early 2000s. Increases were also observed among groups defined by gender, age, transmission risks, race, mental illness, HIV-1 subtypes, and country of birth, with some crossovers and divergence patterns over time.

Conclusion:
Exploring dynamics of HIV clustering rates over three decades in a statewide HIV-1 epidemic expanded its characterization and provided insight into its evolving changes. These dynamics may indicate a gradual shift towards a more concentrated and localized HIV-1 epidemic, highlighting important opportunities for targeted interventions to effectively prevent new HIV transmissions.
Application of Polymarker Assistant External Alar Wedge Excision Combined With Internal Vestibular Floor Excision in Nasal Alar Reduction
Authors: Xu Yihao , Zheng Ruobing , Fan Fei , You Jianjun , Wang Huan , Zhang Xulong , Tian Le , Guo Junsheng 
Published: November 2024

Background:
There are numerous techniques available to modify nasal alar. The combined alar base excision technique can narrow the nasal base and correct excessive alar flare at the same time. Despite its effectiveness, this procedure involves the removal of the skin of the nasal alar and the nasal mucosa, making the operation more challenging and raising the risk of postoperative asymmetry complications.

Objectives:
The purpose of this study is to develop a method of polymarker to assist the operation design to improve the precision of the operation and to avoid the complications discussed above.

Methods:
The authors conducted a retrospective review of patients undergoing nasal alar reduction using polymarker assistant external alar wedge excision combined with internal vestibular floor excision by a senior surgeon from January 2021 to April 2023. The postoperative appearance was evaluated in stratification by the patients during revisits using a VAS questionnaire.

Results:
The nasal alar was reduced with polymarker assistant external alar wedge excision combined with internal vestibular floor excision on 30 female patients ranging from 20 to 45 years of age, 10 of which were performed simultaneously with rib cartilage–related rhinoplasty. In all cases, the nasal alar was reduced without distortion. During the postoperative period, all the effects of the surgery were seen to persist for a lengthy period of time, and the patients were generally satisfied with the results.
Posterior Parietal Cortex Modulates Perceptual Decisions Depending On Psychotic Phenotype
Authors: Scaramozzino Francesco , McKay Ryan , Furl Nicholas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDReduced data-gathering and imbalanced sensory precision have been linked to psychotic-like experiences. These patterns arise in decision tasks that typically involve the posterior parietal cortex (PPC). However, a causal link between activity in PPC and the decision patterns associated with the psychotic phenotype has not been established yet. By the use of 1 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), we tested whether PPC excitability modulates data-gathering and precision encoding differently in high and low psychotic phenotypes.METHODSWe compared performance in both the random dot motion task (RDM; perceptual inference) and the beads task (probabilistic reasoning) in two groups of participants (total,N= 68) undergoing TMS or sham-TMS over the right PPC. Hierarchical drift-diffusion models estimated drift rates (sensory precision proxies) and decision thresholds. We evaluated differences between TMS and sham-TMS groups and tested for interactions of these TMS groups with delusional and hallucinatory phenotypes.RESULTSIn RDM, TMS increased decision thresholds compared to sham-TMS in the low psychotic phenotype group. This decision threshold effect was not present in participants with higher psychotic phenotypes. Drift rates, in contrast, were lowered in participants with higher delusional phenotype. We did not find any significant effect on beads task performance.CONCLUSIONSOur findings suggest a causal role of PPC in decisions to end data-gathering during perceptual inference. The absence of this effect in the psychotic phenotype yields new hypotheses on the role of PPC excitability in neural mechanisms underlying decision-making patterns in the psychotic phenotype.
Considerations for Cell Type Heterogeneity in Pediatric Salivary DNA Methylation Analyses: Comparison of Reference Panels & Stratification by Estimated Cell Type Proportion
Authors: Chan Meingold Hiu-ming , Meijer Mandy , Merrill Sarah M. , Fu Maggie Po Yuan , Lin David , MacIsaac Julia L. , Riis Jenna L. , Granger Douglas A. , Thomas Elizabeth A. , Kobor Michael S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSaliva is a widely used sample in epigenetic research with children due to its non-invasive nature. Since DNA methylation (DNAm) profile is cell type (CT) specific, salivary DNAm associations with exposures may be influenced by CT compositions, which is highly variable in saliva as it contains immune and buccal epithelial cells (BEC). Reference-based CT deconvolution and statistically adjusting estimated CT in DNAm analyses have become an increasingly common practice. However, careful examinations of how different reference panels may affect DNAm results and alternative approaches (e.g., stratification) are lacking. To scrutinize the best analytical strategies on pediatric salivary DNAm, the current study used 529 salivary DNAm samples obtained from children (mean age = 7.26 years, SD = 0.26 years) in the Family Life Project. Our results showed higher estimated CT variability with child than adult reference panels and highlighted the impact of these estimated CT discrepancies on DNAm associations with social variables (socioeconomic status). Stratifying salivary DNAm samples by BEC proportions detected a larger number of significant associations with biological variables (sex) and tissue-specific effect with cotinine level, a tobacco smoke-exposure biomarker. We provide analytical recommendations for future epigenetic research involving pediatric saliva samples.
M1-linked Ubiquitination by LUBAC Regulates AMPK Activity and the Response to Energetic Stress
Authors: Elbæk Camilla Reiter , Jahan Akhee S. , Cuenco Joyceline , Dahlström Anna M. , Aalto Anna L. , Rizk John , Hawley Simon A. , Franks Sarah N. J. , Stumpe Michael , Kolapalli Srinivasa Prasad , Hildebrandt Ximena , Früh Alexander Erwin , Nielsen Klara , Priesmann Dominik , Koch Julian , Deichmann Mathilde , Gullmets Josef , Verboom Lien , van Loo Geert , Peltzer Nieves , Frankel Lisa B. , Gyrd-Hansen Mads , Dengjel Jörn , Ryan Brent J. , Hardie D. Grahame , Meinander Annika , Sakamoto Kei , Damgaard Rune Busk 
Published: November 2024

SummaryMethionine-1 (M1)-linked ubiquitin chains, assembled by the ubiquitin ligase LUBAC and cleaved by the deubiquitinase OTULIN, are critical regulators of inflammation and immune homeostasis. Genetic loss of either LUBAC or OTULIN causes autoinflammatory syndromes, which are associated with defects in glycogen and lipid metabolism. However, how LUBAC and OTULIN regulate metabolic signalling remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that LUBAC promotes, while OTULIN restricts, activation of the key metabolic regulator AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in cells, mice, and human samples. LUBAC and OTULIN interact with AMPK, control its M1-ubiquitination, and regulate its activation in response to glucose starvation and allosteric activation. During starvation, LUBAC deficiency impairs autophagy induction and hinders the shift from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis. Strikingly, LUBAC-deficientDrosophilahave a strongly reduced survival rate after starvation. Our work identifies LUBAC and OTULIN as physiological regulators of AMPK, providing the first mechanism by which M1-linked ubiquitin chains regulate metabolic signalling.