bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
This is why I have decided to stop helping you: A theoretical model of help‐giving discontinuity in organizations
Authors: Chou Shih Yung , Ramser Charles , Chang Tree 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDrawing upon conservation of resources (COR) and attribution theories, we develop a help‐giving discontinuity model. From the COR perspective, we theorize that when help‐giving is perceived to be obligation, prevention‐focused self‐regulation is triggered, which induces help‐giving discontinuity to prevent further loss of resources. Additionally, when a low likelihood of receiving reciprocated help is perceived, prevention‐focused self‐regulation is activated, which induces help‐giving discontinuity due to insufficient replenishment of resources. From the attribution perspective, we propose that a co‐worker's lack of effort and recurrence of the same task‐related issue promote dispositional attributions, which result in help‐giving discontinuity. Our model, therefore, provides an important theoretical base for future research investigating why some employees continuously help others while others do not.
Enforcing trustworthy cloud SLA with witnesses: A game theory–based model using smart contracts
Authors: Zhou Huan , Ouyang Xue , Su Jinshu , de Laat Cees , Zhao Zhiming 
Published: September 2019

SummaryThere lacks trust between the cloud customer and provider to enforce traditional cloud SLA (Service Level Agreement) where the blockchain technique seems a promising solution. However, current explorations still face challenges to prove that the off‐chain SLO (Service Level Objective) violations really happen before recorded into the on‐chain transactions. In this paper, a witness model is proposed implemented with smart contracts to solve this trust issue. The introduced role, “Witness”, gains rewards as an incentive for performing the SLO violation report, and the payoff function is carefully designed in a way that the witness has to tell the truth, for maximizing the rewards. This fact that the witness has to be honest is analyzed and proved using the Nash Equilibrium principle of game theory. For ensuring the chosen witnesses are random and independent, an unbiased selection algorithm is proposed to avoid possible collusions. An auditing mechanism is also introduced to detect potential malicious witnesses. Specifically, we define three types of malicious behaviors and propose quantitative indicators to audit and detect these behaviors. Moreover, experimental studies based on Ethereum blockchain demonstrate the proposed model is feasible, and indicate that the performance, ie, transaction fee, of each interface follows the design expectations.
Lignin@Nafion Membranes Forming Zn Solid–Electrolyte Interfaces Enhance the Cycle Life for Rechargeable Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yuan Du , Manalastas William , Zhang Liping , Chan Jun Jie , Meng Shizhe , Chen Yingqian , Srinivasan Madhavi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMetallic zinc is an ideal anode material for rechargeable zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs), taking us beyond the lithium‐ion era. In‐depth understanding of the Zn metal surface is currently required owing to diverse but uncorrelated data about the Zn surface in mild environments. Herein, the surface chemistry of Zn is elucidated and the formation and growth of a zinc layer hydroxide is verified as an effective solid–electrolyte interface (SEI) during stripping/plating in mild electrolyte. The effects of battery separators/membranes on the growth of an effective SEI and deposited Zn are then investigated from the perspectives of structure, morphology, compositions, and interfacial impedance. Nafion‐based membranes enable the formation of a planar SEI, which protects the metal surface and prevents short circuiting. Biomass@Nafion membranes are developed and assessed with a long cycle life of over 400 h compared with below 200 h for physical separators. The mechanism behind this is attributed to interaction between the membranes and Zn2+, which enables reshaping of the Zn2+ coordination in an aqueous medium. Together with the advantages of using the membranes in β‐MnO2|ZnSO4|Zn, our work provides a feasible way to design an effective SEI for advancing the use of Zn anodes in rechargeable ZIBs.
The Effect of Constituent Ratios and Varisized Ammonium Salts on the Performance of Two‐Dimensional Perovskite Materials
Authors: Zheng Haiying , Xu Huifen , Zheng Fangcai , Liu Guozhen , Xu Xiaoxiao , Xu Shendong , Zhang Liying , Pan Xu 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTwo‐dimensional perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with high moisture resistance are a key topic in the photovoltaic field. However, their lower power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) in comparison to 3 D PSCs is still an urgent problem to be solved. It is vital to understand the impact of constituent ratios and ammonium salt sizes on the photovoltaic performance and humidity stability. Based on the formula of (RNH3)2(MA)n−1PbnI3n+1 (n=1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11), a series of 2 D perovskites is prepared by introducing varisized ammonium salts of ethylammonium iodide (EAI), propylammonium iodide (PAI), and butylammonium iodide (BAI). The effects of the constituent ratios and varisized ammonium salts on the properties of the 2 D perovskites were studied. 2 D perovskite devices based on larger n and smaller ammonium salt size are found to exhibit better performances. However, the moisture resistance of the 2 D perovskite devices is higher when n is smaller and the ammonium salt size is larger. Therefore, the EA2MA10Pb11I34 (n=11) 2 D perovskite device displays the best photovoltaic performance, with the highest PCE of 16.93 %, whereas BA2MA2Pb3I10 (n=3) 2 D perovskite, with the largest contact angle of 79.8°, can retain over 85 % of the initial PCE after 1440 h aging at 50 % relative humidity. This work indicates the PCE and stability of 2 D perovskites can be conveniently and effectively adjusted by controlling the 2 D constituent ratios and ammonium salt sizes, so as to obtain efficient 2 D PSCs with high stability.
Direct Solution‐Based Synthesis of Na4(B12H12)(B10H10) Solid Electrolyte
Authors: Gigante Angelina , Duchêne Léo , Moury Romain , Pupier Marion , Remhof Arndt , Hagemann Hans 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAll‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) promise higher power and energy density than batteries based on liquid electrolytes. Recently, a stable 3 V ASSB based on the super ionic conductor (1 mS cm−1 near room temperature) Na4(B12H12)(B10H10) has demonstrated excellent cycling stability. This study concerns the development of a five‐step, scalable, and solution‐based synthesis of Na4(B12H12)(B10H10). The use of a wet chemistry approach allows solution processing with high throughput and addresses the main drawbacks for this technology, specifically, the limited electrode–electrolyte contact and high cost. Moreover, a cost‐efficient synthesis of the expensive precursors Na2B10H10 and Na2B12H12 is also achieved through the same process. The mechanism of the reactions is investigated and two key parameters to tune the kinetics and selectivity are highlighted: the choice of counter cation (tetraethylammonium) and solvent.
Interaction phenomena and effect of higher order dispersion on electron acoustic solitary waves in weakly relativistic regimes
Authors: Alam M S , Talukder M R 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe interaction phenomena of electron acoustic solitary waves (EASWs) and the higher order correction of Korteweg‐de Vries (KdV) equations (KdVEs) have investigated in unmagnetized collisionless plasma system consisting of relativistic cold electrons and electron beams, non‐relativistic Maxwellian hot electrons and stationary ions. To understand the physical issues concerned, the two‐sided KdVEs using extended Poincaré‐Lighthill‐Kue (ePLK) method are derived taking the higher order correction into consideration. The analyses reveal that the widths and amplitudes of EASWs (as obtain from KdVEs) are decreasing with plasma parameters. The plasma parameters are responsible for the modification of KdV‐soliton structure. It is found that the narrowness of width and the steepness of dip of the solitons become more pronounced and the electric field behaves like semi‐kink solitons due to the higher order correction of KdVEs. Dip shape rarefactive soliton becomes pronounced by plasma parameters. The phase shifts of EASWs are also enhanced due to the effects of plasma species temperatures and density ratios.
Implementation of an efficient extreme learning machine for node localization in unmanned aerial vehicle assisted wireless sensor networks
Authors: Annepu Visalakshi , Anbazhagan Rajesh 
Published: September 2019

SummaryAccurate node localization in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is an essential for many networking protocols like clustering, routing, and network map building. The classical localization techniques such as multilateration and optimization‐based least square localization (OLSL) techniques estimate position of unknown node (UN) from the distance measured between all anchor nodes (ANs) and UNs. On the other hand, node localization using fixed terrestrial ANs suffers from poor localization accuracy because the ground to ground (GG) channel link is not reliable. By contrast, the mobile anchor deployed in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) provides high localization accuracy through reliable air to ground (AG) channel link. Still, the nonlinear distortion introduced in the wireless channel makes the distance measurement noisy. This noisy distance measurement also limits localization accuracy of classical localization techniques. Hence, the highly nonlinear artificial neural network (ANN) models such as multilayer perceptron (MLP) models can be applied effectively for node localization in UAV‐assisted WSNs. However, the MLP suffers from slow training speed, which limits its usage in real‐time applications. So, the extreme learning machine (ELM) is found to be a better alternative because it works on empirical error minimization theory, and its learning process requires only a single iteration. The detailed simulation analysis supports the proposed ELM localization scheme in terms of both localization accuracy and computational complexity.
Association of diabetes and kidney function according to age and systolic function with the incidence of sudden cardiac death and non‐sudden cardiac death in myocardial infarction survivors with heart failure
Authors: Coiro Stefano , Girerd Nicolas , Sharma Abhinav , Rossignol Patrick , Tritto Isabella , Pitt Bertram , Pfeffer Marc A. , McMurray John J.V. , Ambrosio Giuseppe , Dickstein Kenneth , Moss Arthur , Zannad Faiez 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAimsAn implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) is recommended for reducing the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in myocardial infarction (MI) patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 30%, as well as patients with a LVEF ≤ 35% and heart failure symptoms. Diabetes and/or impaired kidney function may confer additional SCD risk. We assessed the association between these two risk factors with SCD and non‐SCD among MI survivors taking account of age and LVEF.Methods and resultsA total of 17 773 patients from the High‐Risk MI Database were evaluated. Overall, diabetes and estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, individually and together, conferred a higher risk of SCD [adjusted competing risk: hazard ratio (HR) 1.23, 1.23, and 1.32, respectively; all P < 0.03] and non‐SCD (HR 1.34, 1.52, and 2.13, respectively; all P < 0.0001). Annual SCD rates in patients with LVEF > 35% and with diabetes, impaired kidney function, or both (2.0%, 2.5% and 2.7%, respectively) were comparable to rates observed in patients with LVEF 30–35% but no such risk factors (1.7%). However, these patients had also similarly higher non‐SCD rates, such that the ratio of SCD to non‐SCD was not increased. Importantly, this ratio was mostly dependent on age, with higher overall ratios in youngest subgroups (0.89 in patients < 55 years vs. 0.38 in patients ≥ 75 years), regardless of risk factors.ConclusionAlthough MI survivors with LVEF > 35% with diabetes, impaired kidney function, or both are at increased risk of SCD, the risk of non‐SCD risk is even higher, suggesting an extension of the current indication for an ICD to them is unlikely to be worthwhile. MI survivors with low LVEF and aged < 55 years are likely to have the greatest potential benefit from ICD implantation.
Percutaneous repair or medical treatment for secondary mitral regurgitation: outcomes at 2 years
Authors: Iung Bernard , Armoiry Xavier , Vahanian Alec , Boutitie Florent , Mewton Nathan , Trochu Jean‐Noël , Lefèvre Thierry , Messika‐Zeitoun David , Guerin Patrice , Cormier Bertrand , Brochet Eric , Thibault Hélène , Himbert Dominique , Thivolet Sophie , Leurent Guillaume , Bonnet Guillaume , Donal Erwan , Piriou Nicolas , Piot Christophe , Habib Gilbert , Rouleau Frédéric , Carrié Didier , Nejjari Mohammed , Ohlmann Patrick , Saint Etienne Christophe , Leroux Lionel , Gilard Martine , Samson Géraldine , Rioufol Gilles , Maucort‐Boulch Delphine , Obadia Jean François ,   on behalf of the MITRA‐FR Investigators
Published: September 2019

AbstractAimsThe MITRA‐FR trial showed that among symptomatic patients with severe secondary mitral regurgitation, percutaneous repair did not reduce the risk of death or hospitalization for heart failure at 12 months compared with guideline‐directed medical treatment alone. We report the 24‐month outcome from this trial.Methods and resultsAt 37 centres, we randomly assigned 304 symptomatic heart failure patients with severe secondary mitral regurgitation (effective regurgitant orifice area >20 mm2 or regurgitant volume >30 mL), and left ventricular ejection fraction between 15% and 40% to undergo percutaneous valve repair plus medical treatment (intervention group, n = 152) or medical treatment alone (control group, n = 152). The primary efficacy outcome was the composite of all‐cause death and unplanned hospitalization for heart failure at 12 months. At 24 months, all‐cause death and unplanned hospitalization for heart failure occurred in 63.8% of patients (97/152) in the intervention group and 67.1% (102/152) in the control group [hazard ratio (HR) 1.01, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.77–1.34]. All‐causemortality occurred in 34.9% of patients (53/152) in the intervention group and 34.2% (52/152) in the control group (HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.70–1.50). Unplanned hospitalization for heart failure occurred in 55.9% of patients (85/152) in the intervention group and 61.8% (94/152) in the control group (HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.72–1.30).ConclusionsIn patients with severe secondary mitral regurgitation, percutaneous repair added to medical treatment did not significantly reduce the risk of death or hospitalization for heart failure at 2 years compared with medical treatment alone.
Electrochemical Oxidative Determination and Electrochemical Behavior of 4‐Nitrophenol Based on an Au Electrode Modified with Electro‐polymerized 3,5‐Diamino‐1,2,4‐triazole Film
Authors: Calam Tuğba Tabanlıgil 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA simple and fast electrochemical method was described and evaluated to determine the hazardous compound, 4‐nitrophenol (4NP). In this work, concentration of 4NP was determined by differential wave voltammetry (DPV). A gold electrode (Au) was modified with 3,5‐diamino‐1,2,4‐triazole (35DT). The modified electrode (35DT‐Au) was characterized by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), fouirer transform infrared spektrofotometre (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and DPV. The modified electrode showed more sensitivity towards 4NP compared to unmodified one. A wide linear concentration range from 0.24 to 130.6 μM was obtained for 4NP with a detection limit of 0.09 μM. In the reproducibility and repeatability studies, the relative standard deviation (RSD%) values of the method were obtained as 3.72 % and 2.56 %, respectively, which are acceptable values. This proposed method was successfully used for the analysis of 4NP in lake and tap water samples. Simplicity, sensitivity, selectivity and high efficiency of the proposed method can be used in routine analysis of trace amounts of 4NP in polluted waters.
Improving positioning accuracy based on self‐organizing map (SOM) and inter‐vehicular communication
Authors: Ma Shengjie , Lee Hyukjoon 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLow‐cost global positioning system (GPS) receivers installed in most vehicles and smart devices typically display tens of meters of error in their location data. A large amount of research effort has been made to increase the positioning accuracy of GPS receivers mostly by reducing errors with the help of auxiliary devices and/or methodologies such as differential GPSs, assisted GPSs, real‐time kinematic positioning, computer vision, etc, which result in a certain amount of cost increase. In this paper, we propose a new cooperative vehicular localization scheme based on vehicle‐to‐vehicle communication. The proposed scheme first estimates the distances between neighboring vehicles using the weighted least square of double difference scheme and uses a novel machine learning technique called constrained self‐organizing map (C‐SOM) with a set of adjusted GPS fixes to generate the final estimates of GPS locations with considerably lower errors. We also propose a new method of presenting training samples to address the issue of convergence failure that arises from the constraints imposed on the inter‐vehicular distances. We present simulation results that demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed scheme over both the conventional SOM and the distributed location estimate algorithm.
Antioxidant Evaluation of Extracts of Pecan NutShell (Carya illinoensis) in Soybean Biodiesel B100
Authors: Amaral Alexandra Aparecida do , Schuster Geciele Caroline , Boschen Nayara Lais , Benvegnú Dalila Moter , Wyzykowski Jair , Pinto Rodrigues Paulo Rogério , Gallina André Lazarin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBiodiesel is subject to radical reactions that promote degradation. To decrease the speed of these degradation reactions and increase oxidative stability, either natural or synthetic antioxidants are added to biodiesel. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of extracts of pecan nutshell (Carya illinoensis) as natural antioxidants derived from biomass using water, ethanol, and methanol/water (50/50) as a solvent for extraction. The addition of these antioxidants is performed during the soybean biodiesel washing process in an unconventional manner. The results obtained are statistically analyzed and compared to the control. The induction time (IT) for the biodiesel samples washed with ethanolic extract of pecan nutshell (5 g L−1), aqueous extract of pecan nutshell (12 g L−1) and methanol/water extract of pecan nutshell (12 g L−1), are, respectively, 9.46, 7.60, 7.43 h. The activation energy and the storage time of the biodiesel samples washed with the extracts are also studied. The order of reaction of the oxidation kinetics of biodiesel is first order.
Physical aspects on unsteady MHD‐free convective stagnation point flow of micropolar fluid over a stretching surface
Authors: Anantha Kumar Kempannagari , Sugunamma Vangala , Sandeep Naramgari 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe unsteady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stagnation point flow of micropolar fluid across a vertical stretching surface with second‐order velocity slip is the main concern of the present paper. The influence of electrical energy, temperature‐dependent thermal conductivity, thermal radiation, Joule heating, and heat sink/source is investigated. The basic partial differential equations are changed into ordinary differential equations with the help of appropriate similarity variables and then solved by the fourth‐order Runge‐Kutta–based shooting technique. The impact of physical parameters on the velocity, microrotation, and temperature as well as friction factor, couple stress, and local Nusselt number is thoroughly explained with the support of graphs and tables. The results divulge that the heat source/sink and thermal radiation parameters have a propensity to enhance the fluid temperature. The distribution of velocity is an increasing function of an electric field and unsteadiness parameter. The numerical results are also compared with the results available in the literature.
Individual consumers' trust in B2C automobile e‐commerce in Tanzania: Assessment of the influence of web design and consumer personality
Authors: Masele Juma James , Matama Rogers 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTrust has often been cited as an important ingredient in any given business. The new trends of dwindling face‐to‐face business transactions necessitate trust in online transactions empirical studies. The purpose of this paper was to empirically contribute findings on the link between the trust facets and online car purchases. From 335 adult individual car buyers in Tanzania, we present the extent of the web design and personality trust dimensions influence on business‐to‐consumer (B2C) e‐commerce car purchases using the multiple regression analysis techniques. This study focused on e‐commerce trust in the context of expensive commodities like a car done from abroad with payments involving international money transfer. The study's findings contribute to the existing body of knowledge and extend trust and e‐commerce theories that guide efforts for implementation of course of actions by consumers of expensive products like cars as well as respective car trading companies. This study is not only inclined towards online practical business implications, but also aims at augmenting the theoretical and policy implications, especially taking the trust—B2C perspectives of potential buyers within the sub‐Saharan Africa, which is amid the formal institutional voids that may largely influence adult international business dealing from the sub‐Saharan Africa.
Zingerone induced caspase‐dependent apoptosis in MCF‐7 cells and prevents 7,12‐dimethylbenz(a)anthracene‐induced mammary carcinogenesis in experimental rats
Authors: Gan  Hongyun , Zhang Yaqing , Zhou Qingyun , Zheng Lierui , Xie Xiaofeng , Veeraraghavan Vishnu Priya , Mohan Surapaneni Krishna 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBreast cancer is a prevalent of tumoregenesis in women and reports for the maximum mortality and morbidity in the global. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is the mainly widespread spice and herbal remedies used in the world. Since antique periods, ginger has been used in Greece, India and China for the curing of upset stomach, nausea, diarrhea, colds, and headaches. The current work was planned to explore the anticancer properties of zingerone (ZO) toward 7,12‐dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)‐treated mammary carcinogenesis in Sprague‐Dawley (SD) rats and MCF‐7 mammary cancer cells. The mammary carcinogenesis was produced through a single dosage of DMBA (20 mg/kg bwt) mixed in soya oil (1 mL) administrated intragastrically with a gavage. We found improved concentrations of lipid peroxidation (LOOH and TBARS), carcinoembryonic antigen, lowered levels of enzymatic (CAT, GPx, and SOD), and nonenzymatic (vitamin E, GSH, and vitamin C) antioxidant in mammary tissues and plasma of DMBA‐induced cancer bearing animals. Moreover, augmented concentrations of phase I (Cyt‐b5 and CYP450) and reduced levels of phase II (GR and GST) detoxification microsomal proteins in mammary tissues were noticed. ZO administrations significantly reverted back to all these parameters in this way, showing efficient of anticancer effect. Furthermore, our in vitro study also supported the anticancer effect of the treatment of ZO were noticed loss of cell viability, improved reactive oxygen species formation, and reduced MMP. Furthermore, the status of apoptosis proteins such as Bcl‐2, Bax, and Bid expressions was determined by using Western blot analysis techniques. Overall, these results proposed the anticancer effect of ZO toward DMBA‐induced mammary cancer in SD animals and Michigan cancer foundation‐7 mammary cancer cells.