bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new nano‐sized mononuclear Cu (II) complex with N,N‐donor Schiff base ligands: sonochemical synthesis, characterization, molecular modeling and biological activity
Authors: Zare Nahid , Zabardasti Abedien 
Published: November 2018

A new, simple Cu2+ nano‐structure Schiff base complex in methanol medium has been synthesized by the ultrasonic method. Structure of the compound was confirmed by FT‐IR, GC‐Mass and other spectroscopic techniques. The copper oxide (CuO) was achieved from the copper nano‐structure Schiff base complex as the raw material after calcination for 3 hr at 600 °C. According to results Cu2+ gives a complex with mole ratio 1:2 of metal to ligand (ML2) with Schiff base which a distorted square planer is the most probable geometry for it. The calculations results from XRD patterns propose the nano‐sized complexes. The SEM images show morphology of both the copper complex and the CuO powder were plate‐like. The metal chelates of Cu2+ in two states of bulk and nano have been screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity against four bacteria, gram‐positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram‐negative (Escherichia coli) and three strains of fungus (Aspergillus flavus). The nano metal chelates were shown to possess more antibacterial activity than the bulk chelate. Finally, the empirical parameters of Schiff base compounds showed a good agreement with theoretical ones.
Understanding the spatial disparities and vulnerability of population aging in China
Authors: Cheng Yang , Gao Siyao , Li Shuai , Zhang Yuchao , Rosenberg Mark 
Published: November 2018

AbstractUnderstanding the regional pattern of population aging in China enables rational policy making to address the challenges of inequity in social welfare and care resources among the east–central–west regions and rural–urban areas of China. This study uses census data in 2000 and 2010, and aging population ratios, annual increase rates, and spatial autocorrelation analysis to examine spatial disparities in population aging in China. The results show that the population is more aged and aging more rapidly in rural areas than in urban areas. Spatial clusters of population aging expanded from the east coastal region in 2000, to inland provinces such as Sichuan and Chongqing in 2010. The vulnerable regions in terms of population aging, health status of the elderly population, and economic level at the prefectural level were also identified.
Dual‐IR Window/Electrode Operando Attenuated Total Reflection‐IR Absorption Spectroscopy for Battery Research
Authors: Ataee‐Esfahani Hamed , Chen De‐Jun , Tong YuYe J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe report a novel dual‐IR window/electrode operando infrared (IR) spectroscopy method for battery research. In addition to keeping all the features of the in‐situ/operando IR spectroscopic methodologies for batteries reported in the literature so far, the dual‐IR window/electrode configuration reported herein offers a unique advantage of accessing both, anode and cathode processes quasi‐simultaneously by rotating the dual‐window/electrode IR battery cell 180° step‐wise in the same operando real‐battery‐like cell. The proof‐of‐concept studies demonstrated clearly its investigative advantages in gaining broader insights into the chemistry of batteries during charging/discharging and beyond.
INH14, a Small‐Molecule Urea Derivative, Inhibits the IKKα/β‐Dependent TLR Inflammatory Response
Authors: Drexel Meinrad , Kirchmair Johannes , Santos‐Sierra Sandra 
Published: November 2018

AbstractN‐(4‐Ethylphenyl)‐N′‐phenylurea (INH14) is a fragment‐like compound that inhibits the toll‐like receptor 2 (TLR2)‐mediated inflammatory activity and other inflammatory pathways (i.e., TLR4, TNF‐R and IL‐1R). In this study, we determined the molecular target of INH14. Overexpression of proteins that are part of the TLR2 pathway in cells treated with INH14 indicated that the target lay downstream of the complex TAK1/TAB1. Immunoblot assays showed that INH14 decreased IkBα degradation in cells activated by lipopeptide (TLR2 ligand). These data indicated the kinases IKKα and/or IKKβ as the targets of INH14, which was confirmed with kinase assays (IC50 IKKα=8.97 μm; IC50 IKKβ=3.59 μm). Furthermore, in vivo experiments showed that INH14 decreased TNFα formed after lipopeptide‐induced inflammation, and treatment of ovarian cancer cells with INH14 led to a reduction of NF‐kB constitutive activity and a reduction in the wound‐closing ability of these cells. These results demonstrate that INH14 decreases NF‐kB activation through the inhibition of IKKs. Optimization of INH14 could lead to potent inhibitors of IKKs that might be used as antiinflammatory drugs.
Counting‐based cell‐free DNA screening test fails to identify triploidy—A case report
Authors: Park Ji E. , Park Ji K. , Kang Min Y. , Cho In A. , Baek Jong C. 
Published: November 2018

Key Clinical MessageAlthough noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) is a good test with high sensitivity and specificity for trisomy 21, 18, and 13, it remains a screening test and cannot be used for diagnostic purposes. It is important to consider the outcomes of this test and interpret the results and offer consultation accordingly.
Non‐Hodgkin lymphoma presenting as acute pancreatitis: A rare occurrence
Authors: Pitlick Mitchell M. , Abeykoon Jithma P. , Dao Linda N. , Thompson Carrie A. 
Published: November 2018

Key Clinical MessageLymphoma often presents with extranodal manifestations. However, pancreatic involvement resulting in pancreatitis is rare. CD20‐negative variants of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma are also rare and are more likely to present with extranodal involvement. Lymphoma should be considered in patients presenting with pancreatitis without traditional risk factors.
Extremely Photostable Electron‐Deficient Phthalocyanines that Generate High Levels of Singlet Oxygen
Authors: Furuyama Taniyuki , Miyaji Yusuke , Maeda Kazuya , Maeda Hajime , Segi Masahito 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA robust lead‐mediated synthetic procedure for the generation of phthalocyanines substituted with electron‐withdrawing groups has been developed. The free‐base phthalocyanine and various metal complexes were prepared without discernible degradation of the peripheral electron‐withdrawing substituents. Upon irradiation with red light, some of the thus‐obtained metal complexes generated high levels of singlet oxygen. In particular, a palladium complex exhibited attractive photostability upon exposure to singlet oxygen as a bleaching agent. The photostability of such complexes that may manifest concomitantly to the generation of high levels of singlet oxygen was attributed to the presence of the electron‐withdrawing groups, which results in energetically low‐lying highest occupied molecular orbitals.
Performance of Low‐temperature SCR of NO with NH3 over MnOx/Ti‐based catalysts
Authors: Niu Yanqing , Zhang Xiaolu , Zhang Hao , Liang Yang , Li Shuaifei , Yao Qi , Wang Denghui , Hui Shi'en 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTThe effects of Mn loadings and precursors, catalyst preparation methods, incineration durations and temperatures, and the addition of Co and Ce on NO‐reduction efficiency and selectivity (N2O formation) during the preparation of MnOx/Ti‐based catalysts were studied by micropore‐size analysis (XRD, XPS, SEM, and FTIR), while considering changeable parameters. Meanwhile, the performance of low‐temperature SCR of NO with NH3 over the designed catalysts was tested under various gas hourly space velocities (GHSVs), NH3/NO molar ratios, and contents of NO, NH3, O2, H2O, and SO2 in a lab‐scale reactor. Overall, the Mn(0.3)Ce(0.1)/Ti catalyst, which had high NO‐reduction efficiency and selectivity (low N2O formation), was recommended, with the following preparation methods: ultrasonic impregnation; manganese acetate precursor; and incineration at 500 °C. Appropriate textural properties (high surface area and small pore and crystallite sizes), well‐dispersed amorphous manganese (rather than crystalline) on the anatase surface (rather than rutile), abundant active sites, and long residence time are essential for high NO‐reduction efficiency. In practice, NO‐reduction efficiency decreased with increasing GHSV and the NH3 and NO contents; however, it initially increased and then became saturated with an increasing NH3/NO molar ratio and O2 content. Water deactivated the catalyst to a recoverable state, whereas SO2 resulted in unrecoverable deactivation.
Effectiveness of metacognitive interventions for mental disorders in adults—A systematic review and meta‐analysis (METACOG)
Authors: Philipp Rebecca , Kriston Levente , Lanio Jana , Kühne Franziska , Härter Martin , Moritz Steffen , Meister Ramona 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe evaluated the effectiveness and acceptability of metacognitive interventions for mental disorders. We searched electronic databases and included randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials comparing metacognitive interventions with other treatments in adults with mental disorders. Primary effectiveness and acceptability outcomes were symptom severity and dropout, respectively. We performed random‐effects meta‐analyses. We identified Metacognitive Training (MCTrain), Metacognitive Therapy (MCTherap), and Metacognition Reflection and Insight Therapy (MERIT). We included 49 trials with 2,609 patients. In patients with schizophrenia, MCTrain was more effective than a psychological treatment (cognitive remediation, SMD = −0.39). It bordered significance when compared with standard or other psychological treatments. In a post hoc analysis, across all studies, the pooled effect was significant (SMD = −0.31). MCTrain was more effective than standard treatment in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder (SMD = −0.40). MCTherap was more effective than a waitlist in patients with depression (SMD = −2.80), posttraumatic stress disorder (SMD = −2.36), and psychological treatments (cognitive–behavioural) in patients with anxiety (SMD = −0.46). In patients with depression, MCTherap was not superior to psychological treatment (cognitive–behavioural). For MERIT, the database was too small to allow solid conclusions. Acceptability of metacognitive interventions among patients was high on average. Methodological quality was mostly unclear or moderate. Metacognitive interventions are likely to be effective in alleviating symptom severity in mental disorders. Although their add‐on value against existing psychological interventions awaits to be established, potential advantages are their low threshold and economy.
Non‐linear effect of sea ice: Spectacled Eider survival declines at both extremes of the ice spectrum
Authors: Christie Katherine S. , Hollmen Tuula E. , Flint Paul , Douglas David 
Published: November 2018

AbstractUnderstanding the relationship between environmental factors and vital rates is an important step in predicting a species’ response to environmental change. Species associated with sea ice are of particular concern because sea ice is projected to decrease rapidly in polar environments with continued levels of greenhouse gas emissions. The relationship between sea ice and the vital rates of the Spectacled Eider, a threatened species that breeds in Alaska and Russia and winters in the Bering Sea, appears to be complex. While severe ice can impede foraging for benthic prey, ice also suppresses wave action and provides a platform on which eiders roost, thereby reducing thermoregulation costs. We analyzed a 23‐year mark‐recapture dataset for Spectacled Eiders nesting on Kigigak Island in western Alaska, and tested survival models containing different ice and weather‐related covariates. We found that much of the variation in eider survival could be explained by the number of days per year with >95% sea ice concentration at the Bering Sea core wintering area. Furthermore, the data supported a quadratic relationship with sea ice rather than a linear one, indicating that intermediate sea ice concentrations were optimal for survival. We then used matrix population models to project population trajectories using General Circulation Model (GCM) outputs of daily sea ice cover. GCMs projected reduced sea ice at the wintering area by year 2100 under a moderated emissions scenario (RCP 4.5) and nearly ice‐free conditions under an unabated emissions scenario (RCP 8.5). Under RCP 4.5, stochastic models projected an increase in population size until 2069 coincident with moderate ice conditions, followed by a decline in population size as ice conditions shifted from intermediate to mostly ice‐free. Under RCP 8.5, eider abundance increased until 2040 and then decreased to near extirpation toward the end of the century as the Bering Sea became ice‐free. Considerable uncertainty around parameter estimates for survival in years with minimal sea ice contributed to variation in stochastic projections of future population size, and this uncertainty could be reduced with additional survival data from low‐ice winters.
Sedimentary processes at ice sheet grounding‐zone wedges revealed by outcrops, Washington State (USA)
Authors: Demet Brian P. , Nittrouer Jeffrey A. , Anderson John B. , Simkins Lauren M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractGrounding‐zone wedges (GZWs) mark the grounding terminus of flowing marine‐based ice streams and, in the presence of an ice shelf, the transition from grounded ice to floating ice. The morphology and stratigraphy of GZWs is predominantly constrained by seafloor bathymetry, seismic data, and sediment cores from deglaciated continental shelves; however, due to minimal constraints on GZW sedimentation processes, there remains a general lack of knowledge concerning the production of these landforms. Herein, outcrop observations are provided of GZWs from Whidbey Island in the Puget Lowlands (Washington State, USA). These features are characterized by prograded diamictons bounded by glacial unconformities, whereby the lower unconformity indicates glacial advance of the southern Cordilleran Ice Sheet and the upper unconformity indicates locally restricted ice advance during GZW growth; the consistent presence of an upper unconformity supports the hypothesis that GZWs facilitate ice advance during landform construction. Based on outcrop stratigraphy, GZW construction is dominated by sediment transport of deformation till and melt‐out of entrained basal debris at the grounding line. This material may be subsequently remobilized by debris flows. Additionally, there is evidence for subglacial meltwater discharge at the grounding line, as well as rhythmically bedded silt and sand, indicating possible tidal pumping at the grounding line. A series of GZWs on Whidbey Island provides evidence of punctuated ice sheet movement during retreat, rather than a rapid ice sheet lift‐off. The distance between adjacent GZWs of 102–103 m and the consistency in their size relative to modern ice stream grounding lines suggests that individual wedges formed over decades to centuries. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Local production and imitations of Late Roman pottery from a well in the Roman necropolis of Cuma in Naples, Italy
Authors: Germinario Chiara , Cultrone Giuseppe , Cavassa Laetitia , De Bonis Alberto , Izzo Francesco , Langella Alessio , Mercurio Mariano , Morra Vincenzo , Munzi Priscilla , Grifa Celestino 
Published: November 2018

AbstractArchaeological excavations performed in a funerary complex in Cuma (Campania region, Italy) unearthed excellently preserved common wares dated to the third century A.D. Archaeometric analyses were focused on Campanian pitchers, Aegean‐like cooking pots, and pyriform pitchers, the latter recorded for the first time in an Italian context. The local pitchers were manufactured with a high‐CaO clay (CaO = ca. 12 wt.%) and local volcanic temper, fired at ca. 800–850°C, as suggested by the presence of calcite. The Aegean‐like pots and the pyriform pitchers were made with low‐CaO clay (CaO ≤ 4.0 wt.%) mixed with a calcite‐bearing temper, along with volcanic and siliciclastic grains, and fired at 800–950°C. The comparison with raw materials inferred that local vessels were made with low‐CaO basinal clays which outcrop in the northern Campania region, and sands from the shoreline north of Cuma where carbonate, siliciclastic and volcanic phases mix together. Our results suggest that the Phlegraean Late Roman workshops produced their traditional vases along with imitations of Aegean‐like pottery. Thus, microregional production responded to a market demand requiring shapes and styles similar to imports from the eastern Mediterranean, with which commercial trade was still quite active.
Oxymatrine ameliorates diabetes‐induced aortic endothelial dysfunction via the regulation of eNOS and NOX4
Authors: Wang Lei , Li Xinliang , Zhang Yanqi , Huang Yongpan , Zhang Yinzhuang , Ma Qilin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAimOxymatrine (OMT) is the major quinolizidine alkaloid extracted from the root of Sophora ﬂavescens Ait (the Chinese herb Kushen) and exhibits diverse pharmacological actions. In this study, we investigated the effects of OMT on diabetes‐associated aortic endothelial dysfunction in a rat model of diabetes and its mechanisms.MethodsMale Sprague‐Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: control, diabetic rats, diabetic rats treated with OMT (60, 120 mg/kg per day, by gavage), and diabetic rats treated with metformin (20 mg/kg per day, by gavage). The serum fasting blood glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and nitric oxide (NO) levels were determined with commercial kits. Biochemical indices reflecting oxidative stress, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) were analyzed with commercial kits. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species 2′,7′‐dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH‐DA) was measured by fluorescence microscopy. Histological analyses were conducted to observe morphological changes. Western blot analysis was applied to detect the expression levels of eNOS and NOX4. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expressions of eNOS and NOX4 messenger RNA (mRNA).ResultsThe diabetic rats exhibited markedly reduced body weight and increased plasma glucose levels. Moreover, the diabetic rats showed oxidative stress (significantly increased MDA and decreased SOD, CAT, GSH‐Px, and serum NO levels). Hyperglycemia caused significant endothelial injury and dysfunction, including vasodilative and histologic changes in the diabetic rats. The expressions of phospho‐eNOS protein and mRNA were significantly decreased, while the NOX4 protein expression was increased in the aortas of the diabetic rats. All of these diabetes‐induced effects were reversed by OMT in the diabetic rats.ConclusionThe OMT treatment ameliorates diabetic endothelial dysfunction through enhanced NO bioavailability by upregulating eNOS expression and downregulating expression of NOX4.
TMEM106A inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and induces apoptosis of lung cancer cells
Authors: Liu Juncai , Zhu Hongjing 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTransmembrane protein 106A (TMEM106A) has been found to function as tumor suppressor in gastric and renal cancer. However, the role of TMEM106A in nonsmall‐cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) has not been investigated. In this study, we evaluated the expression profile of TMEM106A in NSCLC tissues and cell line, and explored the roles of TMEM106A in NSCLC cell lines. Our results showed that TMEM106A expression was significantly decreased in human NSCLC tissues. In vitro assays showed that TMEM106A expression in NSCLC cell lines was much lower than that in the bronchial epithelial cell line. Besides, overexpression of TMEM106A reduced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while induced cell apoptosis in NSCLC cells. TMEM106A overexpression repressed epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), which was illustrated by increased E‐cadherin expression and decreased the expressions of N‐cadherin, and vimentin. In addition, TMEM106A overexpression suppressed the activation of phosphoinositide 3‐kinase/protein kinase B/nuclear factor‐κB (PI3K/Akt/NF‐κB) signaling pathway in NSCLC cells. Our results indicated that TMEM106A acted as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC, and could be a therapeutic target for the management of NSCLC.
The sleep environment and its association with externalizing behaviors in a sample of low‐income adolescents
Authors: Rubens Sonia L. , Miller Molly A. , Zeringue Megan M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis study examined the sleep environment and its association with externalizing problems in adolescents attending an alternative high school. Participants included 114 students (56% female, 91% Black, mean age = 18.03, standard deviation [SD] = 1.49) from an alternative high school in a southeastern city. Most participants reported sleeping in a bed (83%) and at their house (72%) for 7 nights in the past week. Participants reported an average of 2.34 (SD = 1.86) past‐week ambient sleep disruptions. Sleeping fewer nights in their own home and experiencing higher levels of ambient sleep disruptions were associated with delinquency engagement. Fewer nights sleeping in a bed and higher levels of ambient sleep disruptions were associated with a significant arrest history. The sleep environment is important to consider when assessing sleep problems, particularly among low‐income adolescents living in urban environments. This information may inform comprehensive interventions to address behavioral health concerns.
Steel sharpens steel: A review of multilevel competition and competitiveness in organizations
Authors: Swab R. Gabrielle , Johnson Paul D. 
Published: November 2018

SummaryCompetition between individuals permeates people's lives as they strive for limited resources, services, and status. However, research on competition and competitiveness in organizations is limited despite its relevance to relational dynamics (e.g., rivalry), individual differences (e.g., traits and gender), social factors (e.g., competitive climate), and organizational outcomes (e.g., work performance and unethical behavior). In this article, we propose a multilevel model of competition and competitiveness that includes the individual, the group, and the situation. By providing a holistic overview of research across a broad array of disciplines, we organize the field and create a usable framework to advance knowledge of competition and competitiveness. In doing so, we identify what we know, what we still need to discover, and provide direction for future research. The article closes with an assessment of methods and measures used in studying competition. In conclusion, this review establishes a multilevel and integrative structure that incorporates individual and team competitiveness with competitive situations that prompt competitive processes and important organizational outcomes.