bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between genetic obesity susceptibility and mother‐reported eating behaviour in children up to 5 years
Authors: de Lauzon‐Guillain Blandine , Koudou Yves Akoli , Botton Jérémie , Forhan Anne , Carles Sophie , Pelloux Véronique , Clément Karine , Ong Ken K. , Charles Marie Aline , Heude Barbara ,   On behalf of the EDEN Mother‐Child Cohort Study Group
Published: January 2019

SummaryBackgroundMany genetic polymorphisms identified by genome‐wide association studies for adult body mass index (BMI) have been suggested to regulate food intake.ObjectiveThe objective was to study the associations between a genetic obesity risk score, appetitive traits, and growth of children up to age 5 years, with a longitudinal design.MethodsIn 1142 children from the Etude des Déterminants pre et post natals de la santé de l'ENfant (EDEN) birth cohort, a combined obesity risk‐allele score (BMI genetic risk score [GRS]) was related to appetitive traits (energy intake up to 12 mo, a single item on appetite from 4 mo to 3 y, a validated appetite score at 5 y) using Poisson regressions with robust standard errors. The potential mediation of appetitive traits on the association between BMI‐GRS and growth was assessed by the Sobel test.ResultsChildren with a high BMI‐GRS were more likely to have high energy intake at 1 year and high appetite at 2 and 5 years. High energy intake in infancy and high appetite from 1 year were related to higher subsequent BMI. High 2‐year appetite seemed to partially mediate the associations between BMI‐GRS and BMI from 2 to 5 years (all P ≤ 0.05).ConclusionsGenetic susceptibility to childhood obesity seems to be partially explained by appetitive traits in infancy, followed by an early childhood rise in BMI.
Associations of sleep patterns with metabolic syndrome indices, body composition, and energy intake in children and adolescents
Authors: Mi Sarah J. , Kelly Nichole R. , Brychta Robert J. , Grammer Anne Claire , Jaramillo Manuela , Chen Kong Y. , Fletcher Laura A. , Bernstein Shanna B. , Courville Amber B. , Shank Lisa M. , Pomeroy Jeremy J. , Brady Sheila M. , Broadney Miranda M. , Tanofsky‐Kraff Marian , Yanovski Jack A. 
Published: January 2019

SummaryBackgroundSelf‐reported short sleep duration is associated with greater risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS), obesity, and higher energy intake (EI). However, studies of these associations in children using objective methods are sparse.ObjectivesThe study aims to determine the associations for sleep patterns with MetS indices, body composition, and EI using objective measures in children.MethodsFree‐living sleep and physical activity were measured in 125 children (aged 8‐17 years, BMI z = 0.57 ± 1.0, 55% female) using wrist‐worn actigraphs for 14 nights. Blood pressure, fasting blood levels of lipids, insulin, glucose, waist circumference, and body composition (dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry [DXA]) were obtained during outpatient visits. EI was assessed during an ad libitum buffet meal.ResultsLater weekday and weekend bedtimes were associated with higher systolic blood pressure (Ps < 0.05). Sleep duration and bedtime were not significantly associated with other components of MetS, body composition, or EI. Short sleepers (duration less than 7 hours) consumed a greater percentage of carbohydrates than those with adequate (greater than or equal to 7 hours) sleep (P < 0.05).ConclusionIndicators of sleep duration were variably associated with children's eating patterns and risk for chronic disease. Prospective data are needed to determine whether these indicators of sleep quality represent unique or shared risk factors for poor health outcomes.
Clinical and radiographic evaluation of Biodentine and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate in revascularization of non‐vital immature permanent anterior teeth (randomized clinical study)
Authors: Aly Mariam Mohsen , Taha Sherine Ezz El‐Din , El Sayed Manal Ahmed , Youssef Randa , Omar Hany Mahmoud 
Published: January 2019

ObjectiveTo asses clinically and radiographically the effect of using two types of coronal plug materials in revascularization of non‐vital immature teeth.MethodsA total of 26 necrotic immature permanent anterior teeth were enrolled for pulp revascularization using a double antibiotic mix for root canal disinfection. They were randomly divided into the following based on coronal plug materials used: Biodentine (Group I) and white Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (Group II; n = 13). Clinical and radiographic assessments were performed after 3, 6, 9, and 12 months.ResultsWhen comparing the overall clinical successes and percentage of increase in root length between the two groups, there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). There was a significant difference in the distribution of discoloration between the two groups. One case was reported in Group I, and seven cases were reported in Group II (P = 0.01).ConclusionsBoth Biodentine and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate were successful clinically regarding the resolution of signs and symptoms associated with the necrotic teeth.
Artificial ceramic diatoms with multiscale photonic architectures via nanoimprint lithography for CO2 photoreduction
Authors: Xie Peiwen , Chen Zhihan , Xu Jun , Xie Dajie , Wang Xin , Cui Shifan , Zhou Han , Zhang Di , Fan Tongxiang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe elaborated photonic architectures and unique light manipulation ability of diatoms provide inspirations for the design of efficient artificial photosynthetic systems. However, the biomimetic synthesis of artificial diatoms with accurate control over nanoscale geometry for scalable production has been a great challenge. Herein, diatom Coscinodiscus sp. is served as a model for the biomimetic production of artificial ceramic diatoms with multiscale photonic architectures for CO2 photoreduction. Optical finite‐difference time‐domain simulations are conducted to investigate the optical mechanisms on enhanced light harvesting and to establish a modified structural model. Electron Beam Lithography and Nanoimprint Lithography are applied to fabricate artificial TiO2 diatoms with elaborated periodic photonic structures and high surface areas (169.4 m2 g−1). Artificial photosynthesis via CO2 reduction enhances CO and CH4 evolution on the artificial diatoms by up to 2.75‐ and 2.3‐fold, respectively, compared with the corresponding powder sample. Furthermore, gas diffusion behaviors, closely related to the gas‐phase reaction, are investigated by theoretical simulation to reveal the hierarchical structural effects on catalytic efficiency. This work provides a new pathway to design and biomimetic synthesis of artificial structures for enhanced performances.
Outstanding optical temperature sensitivity and dual‐mode temperature‐dependent photoluminescence in Ho3+‐doped (K,Na)NbO3–SrTiO3 transparent ceramics
Authors: Lin Jinfeng , Lu Qiling , Xu Jie , Wu Xiao , Lin Cong , Lin Tengfei , Chen Chao , Luo Laihui 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHigh optical temperature sensing properties based on rare‐earth‐doped (K,Na)NbO3‐based ferro‐/piezoelectrics have attracted much attention due to their potential application in novel optoelectronic devices. Here, we fabricated Ho3+‐doped (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3–SrTiO3 transparent ceramics by conventional pressureless sintering. Their microstructures, transmittances, up‐conversion photoluminescence, and optical temperature sensing properties have been characterized in details. Because of the cubic‐like phase, dense, and fine‐grained structure as well as relaxor‐like feature, the ceramics exhibit high transmittance (~70%) in the near‐infrared region. Owing to Ho3+, green and red up‐conversion emissions have been observed, which can be easily modulated by temperature. The ceramics have stable emission colors (<200°C) and superior temperature‐modulating emission color‐tunable performance (>200°C). Furthermore, the temperature sensing behavior based on the thermally coupled levels (5F4, 5S2) of Ho3+ has been analyzed by a fluorescence intensity ratio technique. The transparent ceramics possess outstanding optical temperature sensitivity (~0.0096/K at 550 K), higher than most rare‐earth‐doped materials (e.g., ceramics, glasses, and phosphors).
Autogenous and drying shrinkage of alkali‐activated slag mortars
Authors: Hu Xiang , Shi Caijun , Zhang Zuhua , Hu Zhangli 
Published: January 2019

AbstractShrinkage of alkali‐activated slag (AAS) cement is a critical issue for its industrial application. This study investigated the mechanisms and effectiveness of shrinkage‐reducing agent (SRA) and magnesia expansive agent on reducing autogenous and drying shrinkage of AAS mortars that were activated by liquid sodium silicate (LSS) solution with modulus (SiO2/Na2O molar ratio) of 0‐1.5. The results showed that the autogenous shrinkage of AAS mortars increased with the increase of LSS modulus from 0 to 0.5, then decreased as modulus increased up to 1.5. The drying shrinkage consistently increased with the increase in the modulus of LSS. The oxyalkylene alcohol‐based SRA could significantly reduce the autogenous and drying shrinkage of AAS mortars while the magnesia expensive agent was comparatively less effective. The autogenous shrinkage of AAS mortars was inversely proportional to the internal relative humidity, while the drying shrinkage was more related to the mass loss of samples. Mathematical models were established to describe the autogenous and drying shrinkage behavior of AAS mortars.
miR‐4732‐5p promotes breast cancer progression by targeting TSPAN13
Authors: Wang Ya‐Wen , Zhao Song , Yuan Xun‐Yi , Liu Yao , Zhang Kai , Wang Jianli , Zhu Jiang , Ma Rong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMiR‐4732‐5p was previously found to be dysregulated in nipple discharge of breast cancer. However, the expression and function of miR‐4732‐5p in breast cancer remain largely unknown. Here, the expression of miR‐4732‐5p was detected using quantitative real‐time PCR in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion assays were performed to examine the effects of miR‐4732‐5p in breast cancer. In addition, mRNA sequencing, bioinformatics analysis, Western blot and luciferase assays were performed to identify the target of miR‐4732‐5p. Overall, miR‐4732‐5p was significantly down‐regulated in breast cancer tissues, especially in lymph node metastasis (LNM)‐negative tissues, compared with adjacent normal tissues. However, it was more highly expressed in LNM‐positive breast cancer tissues, compared with LNM‐negative ones. Expression of miR‐4732‐5p was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis, larger tumour size, advanced clinical stage, high Ki‐67 levels and poor prognosis. MiR‐4732‐5p promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion in breast cancer. MiR‐4732‐5p directly targeted the 3′‐UTR of tetraspanin 13 (TSPAN13) and suppressed TSPAN13 expression at the mRNA and protein levels. These results suggested that miR‐4732‐5p may serve as a tumour suppressor in the initiation of breast cancer, but as a tumour promoter in breast cancer progression by targeting TSPAN13.
EU Aggregate Demand As a Way out of Crisis? Engaging the Post‐Keynesian Critique
Authors: Bieler Andreas , Jordan Jamie , Morton Adam David 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPost‐Keynesians have delivered an important advance in providing explanations of the Eurozone crisis, not the least in demonstrating how the formation of the European integration project lacked the means to manage effectively the macroeconomic imbalances between core and peripheral spaces across the region. Through a critical engagement with such descriptions, this article argues that to account more adequately for the formation of the asymmetrical and crisis‐ridden forms of development across the Eurozone it is necessary to focus on the uneven and combined development of Europe's peripheral spaces and their integration into an expanded free trade regime since the 1980s. It is through a focus on the structuring condition of uneven and combined development shaped by capitalist social relations of production and attendant class struggles that we can locate the origins of the present crisis.
A retrospective analysis of dental implant survival in HIV patients
Authors: Sabbah Ahmed , Hicks Jeffery , MacNeill Barbara , Arbona Antonio , Aguilera Alfonso , Liu Qianqian , Gelfond Jonathan , Gardner Wayne 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimThis 5 years retrospective cohort survival study compared failure rates of dental implants placed in HIV (+) and HIV (−) patients relative to several risk factors.Materials and MethodsBetween 2006 and 2015, 484 implants placed in HIV (+) patients and 805 implants placed in HIV (−) patients were assessed for survival. The effects of HIV were estimated using propensity weighting. The effects of age, smoking status, diabetes, restoration status, gender, implant type, placement site, hepatitis C status, baseline CD4 count and CD4%, post‐placement average CD4%, nadir CD4%, nadir CD4 count and antiviral therapy were analysed.ResultsImplants placed in HIV (+) patients and HIV (−) patients had similar failure rates (HR = 1.4, p = 0.34). Increased failure rates were observed in HIV (+) patients with baseline CD4% ≤20 (HR = 2.72, p = 0.04), post‐placement CD4% average ≤20% (HR = 2.71, p = 0.04), protease inhibitor administration (HR = 2.74, p = 0.04), smoking (HR = 2.61, p = 0.05) and anterior maxillary placement (HR = 5.82, p < 0.01). Hepatitis C coinfection, viral titre, baseline CD4 count, gender, implant type and restoration type were non‐contributory.ConclusionImplants placed in HIV (+) patients had similar survival rates as HIV (−) patients. Failure rates increase significantly when confounding risk factors are present in HIV (+) patients.
Safety and efficacy of tofogliflozin in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in real‐world clinical practice: Results of 3‐month interim analysis of a long‐term post‐marketing surveillance study (J‐STEP/LT)
Authors: Utsunomiya Kazunori , Senda Masayuki , Kakiuchi Seigo , Kameda Hiroyuki , Tamura Masahiro , Kurihara Yuji , Gunji Ryoji , Fujii Shoko , Fujiwara Hisataka , Kaku Kohei 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAims/IntroductionThe present study analysis was carried out to evaluate the safety and efficacy of tofogliflozin, a sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in real‐world clinical practice.Materials and MethodsThis was a 3‐year non‐interventional observational study of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus newly administered tofogliflozin who were uncontrolled on current therapy. We carried out a 12‐week interim analysis of tofogliflozin as part of 3‐year post‐marketing surveillance study. The incidence of adverse drug reactions was evaluated as a safety end‐point. As efficacy end‐points, glycated hemoglobin and bodyweight were evaluated.ResultsA total of 6,897 patients were enrolled. Tofogliflozin significantly reduced mean changes from baseline glycated hemoglobin (−0.63%, P < 0.0001) and bodyweight (−2.02 kg, P < 0.0001). The change in glycated hemoglobin and bodyweight reductions in response to tofogliflozin was consistently observed in all body mass index subgroups. Adverse drug reactions occurred in 345 of 6,712 patients (5.14%). There was a low incidence of adverse drug reactions known to be associated with sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, and they were reported as non‐serious. The incidences of polyuria/pollakiuria were higher in patients aged ≥65 years than <65 years, and were significantly different among estimated glomerular filtration rate subgroups. Urinary tract and genital infections occurred more frequently in women than in men.ConclusionsTofogliflozin was well tolerated, and no emerging new safety concerns were observed. Tofogliflozin significantly improved glycemic control with no impact on bodyweight gain. The short‐term administration of tofogliflozin is considered to have a favorable benefit–risk profile in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Long‐term evolving profile of childhood autoimmune blistering diseases: Retrospective study on 38 children
Authors: Welfringer‐Morin A. , Bekel L. , Bellon N. , Gantzer A. , Boccara O. , Hadj‐Rabia S. , Leclerc‐Mercier S. , Frassati‐Biaggi A , Fraitag S. , Bodemer C. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundAutoimmune bullous dermatoses (AIBDs) in children are uncommon, and their long‐term evolution remains unknown.ObjectiveThe aim of this retrospective study was to characterize the long‐term prognosis of AIBDs that started during childhood.MethodsWe conducted a monocentric retrospective study, in the French dermatology centre, by including all children affected by AIBDs. The long‐term outcome was obtained through a phone call questionnaire.ResultsSixty‐three patients were included from January 1993 to December 2015, 34 female and 29 males: 27 Linear immunoglobulin A disease (LAD), 12 bullous pemphigoid (BP), 12 pemphigus, 8 herpetiform dermatitis (DH) and 4 epidermolysis bullosa aquisita (EBA). The mean age was 4.7 years old. Twenty‐five patients were lost during the follow‐up. For the 38 remaining patients, the mean follow‐up duration for all pathologies was 6.6 years. Twenty‐nine of them had at least one relapse. Late relapses were observed in two cases of DH and six cases of pemphigus (7–34 months). The mean treatment duration was 30.6 months with variability according to the AIBDs. Topical corticosteroids were used alone, effectively, for seven patients and in association with other treatment in 19 patients in complete remission. Complete remission was noted in 34/38 children with a follow‐up of 4.4 years (0.08–19.5). The mean duration to complete remission was 30.5 months (6–114 months). Late nasal synechiae were reported in one EBA only. There was no significant associated comorbidity, but an association with a primary immune deficiency (PID) was observed in two cases.ConclusionChildhood AIBDs appear to be of good overall prognosis but a long‐term follow‐up is mandatory, as relapses can be late, except for BP. The use of topical corticosteroids is frequently effective alone or in association. The association with PID leads to think about the possibility of a possible underlying dysimmunity in the child.
Post‐glacial colonization routes coincide with a life‐history breakpoint along a latitudinal gradient
Authors: Luquet Emilien , Rödin Mörch Patrik , Cortázar‐Chinarro Maria , Meyer‐Lucht Yvonne , Höglund Jacob , Laurila Anssi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAlthough adaptive divergence along environmental gradients has repeatedly been demonstrated, the role of post‐glacial colonization routes in determining phenotypic variation along gradients has received little attention. Here, we used a hierarchical QST–FST approach to separate the roles of adaptive and neutral processes in shaping phenotypic variation in moor frog (Rana arvalis) larval life histories along a 1,700 km latitudinal gradient across northern Europe. This species has colonized Scandinavia via two routes with a contact zone in northern Sweden. By using neutral SNP and common garden phenotypic data from 13 populations at two temperatures, we showed that most of the variation along the gradient occurred between the two colonizing lineages. We found little phenotypic divergence within the lineages; however, all phenotypic traits were strongly diverged between the southern and northern colonization routes, with higher growth and development rates and larger body size in the north. The QST estimates between the colonization routes were four times higher than FST, indicating a prominent role for natural selection. QST within the colonization routes did not generally differ from FST, but we found temperature‐dependent adaptive divergence close to the contact zone. These results indicate that lineage‐specific variation can account for much of the adaptive divergence along a latitudinal gradient.
Development and content validation of an instrument to support pharmaceutical counselling for dispensing of prescribed medicines
Authors: Rocha Kérilin Stancine Santos , Cerqueira Santos Sabrina , Boaventura Thays Carneiro , dos Santos Júnior Genival Araujo , de Araújo Dyego Carlos Souza Anacleto , Silvestre Carina Carvalho , de Jesus Elisdete Maria Santos , de Lyra Júnior Divaldo Pereira 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesCounselling is essential in drug dispensing, since it enables patients to receive and understand the information to correctly use their medicines. Although counselling is a quality indicator on drug dispensing, models that guide pharmacists in this practice are scarce. Thus, this study aimed to develop and validate the content of an instrument to support pharmaceutical counselling for dispensing of prescribed medicines.MethodA two‐stage validation study was conducted out from February to October 2017. The first stage involved the development of the instrument, and the second involved content validation. Instrument development included the following three steps: (1) drafting of the prototype; (2) an academic brainstorming meeting, and (3) a pre‐Delphi process. Content validation was then conducted using the Delphi technique. At this stage, 40 pharmacists who were experts in drug dispensing, were invited to assess the instrument. Consensus among experts was calculated according to the content validity index (CVI).ResultsThe development stage generated three versions of the instrument: the prototype, Version 1 (modified after brainstorming meeting), and Version 2 (modified after the pre‐Delphi process). Version 2 underwent the content validation process, in which 29 pharmacists participated during the first round (rate of return: 72.5%) and 23 of these during the second round (rate of return: 79.31%). All items obtained CVI > 0.82 and were thus considered to be validated. The final instrument comprised three components: suggestions for questions, dispensing process reasoning, and suggestions for counselling, and other conduct in 11 stages, each representing a step in the clinical reasoning process.ConclusionsAn instrument was developed to support pharmaceutical counselling for dispensing of prescribed medicines, suggesting main questions, counselling, and conduct to be taken by pharmacists, and its content validity was verified.