bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ASTIGMATISM;
Authors: Alam MOHAMMAD 
Published: January 2019

Objectives: To evaluate the management of pre-existing astigmatism with 3.2 mm corneal incision on steeper axis during phacoemulsification cataract surgery. Study Design: Analytical study. Setting: Patients undergoing cataract surgery with phacoemulsification in K.D.A Teaching Hospital KMU-IMS Kohat. Period: January, 2016 to July, 2016. Materials and Methods: 50 patients with age related cataract were selected. Out of them 23 (46%) were male and 27 (54%) were female. All the patients were in age range from 49 to 76 years with mean age of 63.2% years. Proper examination with slit lamp was done. Informed consent was obtained from each patient. Proper proforma was made for documentation. Biometry was done for IOL power. Preoperative keratometry was done with Topcon autoref-keratometer. Patients with traumatic eyes, previously operated eyes, vascularised and opacified cornea were excluded from the study. Pupils of patients were dilated properly with tropicamide eye drop. Phacoemulsification with 3.2 mm clear corneal incision at steeper axis with intraocular lenses implantation was carried out on all patients by single surgeon under topical anesthesia. Postoperative keratometry was done on the same keratometer and observer to avoid bias at the end of two months. Results: Preoperative astigmatism was present in range of 0.12 diopter cylinder to 3.71 diopter cylinder with mean 1.56 diopter cylinder. At the end of two months mean astigmatism of 0.98 diopter cylinder with range 0.2 diopter cylinder to 2.0 diopter cylinder was noted postoperatively with mean reduction of 0.58 diopter cylinder. Conclusion: Phacoemulsification with 3.2 mm clear corneal incision at steeper axis can correct astigmatism significantly with good emmetropic results.
An analysis of assessment models employed by the Indonesian elementary school teachers
Authors: Maba Wayan , Mantra Ida Bagus Nyoman 
Published: January 2019

The present study was conducted to analyze the assessment models employed by Indonesian elementary school teachers in the context of assessment models as suggested by the curriculum in 2013. The analysis includes the selected assessment models and their implementation in real classroom settings to assess the students’ attitudes, knowledge, and skills. This study made use of a qualitative research design in which the data were analyzed by means of deep argumentation and presented descriptively. Data were collected through direct observation and in-depth interviews with the selected elementary school teachers. The collected data were analyzed in an analytical manner to obtain the findings. The findings of the present study indicated that primary school teachers employed various models of assessment based on the aspects of attitudes, knowledge, and skills. Assessment of the students’ attitude includes observation, self-assessment, peer assessment, and teachers’ records. Assessment of the students’ knowledge includes a written test, an oral test, and assignment. Assessment of the students’ skill includes performance, portfolio, and project. Meanwhile, the scores of the students’ achievement were analyzed based on the scores of the students’ attitude obtained by using the instruments, such as observation blank sheet, Self-assessment, peer assessment, and teacher’ records. Self-assessment and peer assessment were also used as a confirmation of the scores for the report card and the teachers’ records were mainly used to provide the suggestions for the students’ improvement.
The inflection of Sasak language in Kuripan village
Authors: Syarifaturrahman Wahyu Kamil , Hanafi Nurachman , Nuriadi - 
Published: January 2019

This writing is about inflection of Sasak language in Kuripan. The people of Kuripan use Meno-Mene dialect as their daily communication. Sasak language in Kuripan has the uniqueness based on its position (lay on a boundary area of West Lombok and Central Lombok) wherein Kuripan uses Meno-Mene dialect and the other part of Central Lombok which is close to Kuripan Use Meriaq-Meriku dialect so that it makes Meno-Mene dialect of Kuripan has its own character. Based on the phenomenon about varieties of the words and utterances which have different structure is used in Sasak language especially in Kuripan, so I interest in doing the research about inflection as a subfield of morphology which influences the sentences or utterances structurally. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the types and the functions of inflection in the Meno-Mene dialect of Kuripan. This study used a descriptive and qualitative method where the data gathered through some methods: observation, and an interview. The data gathered are analyzed using some steps: Representing the data obtained, then classifying the class category of the base words (whether they are verb, noun, or adjective), then Identifying the types of inflection in Meno-Mene Dialect of Kuripan, and the last Analyzing various functions of inflection in Meno-Mene dialect of Kuripan. This study found there is 34 (thirty-four) inflection morpheme that classified according to the lexical category, namely; noun, verb, and adjective. Furthermore, all of the inflectional affixes above have the difference function depend on their affixes and their base-form category. Hence, this study found that the use Meno-Mene dialect of Kuripan has the various affixes especially in term of inflection which influences the utterances or expressions grammatically.
“Google Gazeteciliği” mi “Empati Editörü”lüğü mü? Gazetecilikte SEO Editörlüğü ve Dönüşen Gazetecilik Pratikleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: KORAP ÖZEL Elif , DENİZ Şadiye 
Published: January 2019

Dijitalleşen
gazetecilikte, Google trendleri, gazetecilerin hangi konuları haberleştireceği
üzerinde doğrudan etkili olmaktadır. Bu yeni durum, gazetelerde arama motoru
optimizasyonu olarak adlandırılan, geleneksel gazetecilikte hiçbir şekilde
karşımıza çıkmayan yeni bir gazetecilik pratiğinin ortaya çıkışını ve
gazetelerde SEO editörü olarak adlandırılan gazetecilerin istihdam edilmesi
sonucunu doğurmuştur. Bu araştırmanın bulgularının da ortaya koyduğu gibi
ulusal gazetelerin büyük bölümünün SEO birimleri oluşturmuş olması, konuyu
gazetecilik açısından önemli kılmaktadır. Bu çalışma, yeni bir konu olan
gazetecilikte SEO editörlüğünü tanımlamayı, amaçlarını ve kullandıkları
stratejileri ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.
Araştırma kapsamında Türkiye’de web sitesi en fazla ziyaret edilen
ulusal gazetelerden Hürriyet, Sabah, Habertürk ve Sözcü’nün SEO editörleriyle yarı
yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre,
görüşülen editörler, SEO editörlüğünü gazeteciliğin yeni bir alanı olarak
görmekte ve yaptıkları işin temelinde “okurla empati” yattığını belirtmektedir.
Buna karşın SEO gazeteciliği ile geleneksel gazetecilik arasında a) haberin
konusu, b) haber faktörleri, c) iş yapma pratikleri, d) haber kaynakları, e) haber yazımı, f)
gazetecilik amaçları bakımından altı temel fark bulunmuştur. SEO editörlerinin haberleri
Google’da öne çıkarmak için kullandığı stratejiler ise sekiz ana başlık altında
toplanmıştır. Bunlar “Okurun
aradığı anahtar kelime/soruyu başlıkta/haberde kullanma”, “haberi
webe ilk girme”, “rutin SEO haberleri”, “ölümsüz içerik oluşturma”, “haber
konusunu çeşitlendirme”, “özgün içerik üretebilme”, “diğer editörlere haberin
okunurluğu konusunda destek sağlama”,
“Google algoritmasına uyum sağlama”dır.
Büyük Veri ve Gazetecilik: Veri Gazeteciliği Demokrasi, Katılım ve Gazeteciliğe Dair Anlayışımızı Nasıl Dönüştürebilir?
Authors: ERKMEN Özlem 
Published: January 2019

Birbiriyle iletişimdeki akıllı cihazlarla sürekli etkileşimde olduğumuz günümüzde, herkes düzenli olarak veri üretmektedir. Gündelik hayatın verileşmesi yönetim ve toplumsal yaşama dair normlarımızı dönüştürürken; daha önce görülmemiş miktardaki bu verinin gündelik pratiklere yarar sağlayacak şekilde nasıl kullanılacağı sorgulanmaktadır. Yurttaşlar günlerini veri selinde boğulmadan düzenleyebilmek; gazetecilerse veriyi haberlerinde kullanmak için yeni teknolojilerin sunduğu fırsatları değerlendirmek için yeni araçlara ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Ham veriyi işleyerek sıradan okuyucu için anlamlı birşeye dönüştürmek gerekliliği, gazetecilik mesleğinde yeni bir alan olarak veri gazeteciliğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Veri gazeteciliği kavramını 2010 tarihli WikiLeaks sızıntısına borçluyuz. ABD ve Avrupa’da konuya yönelik akademik ilgi, WikiLeaks’le eş zamanlı başlar ve kavramı teknolojik gelişme ve dijitalleşme kadar; ifade özgürlüğü, şeffaflık ve demokrasiyle ilişkilendiren geniş bir literatür mevcuttur. Ancak Türkiye’de konuya yönelik profesyonel ve akademik ilgi hala başlangıç aşamasındadır. Gazeteciliğin veriye-dayalı süreçlerle dönüştürülmesi, şu açılardan önemli görülmektedir: 1. Derinlemesine inceleme olanağı, medyanın dördüncü güç işlevini pekiştirir, yönetimlerin hesap sorulabilirliğini arttırır. 2. İlgili kurumlar üzerinde şeffaflaşma yönünde baskı unsuru oluşturur, hatalı uygulamaları ortaya çıkararak kamu yararı sağlar. 3. Veriye dayandırmak, haberin nesnelliğini arttırarak okuyucuların medyaya yönelik güvenini tazeler. 4. Yurttaşların enformasyonun üretimine ve demokratik süreçlere katılımını arttırır. Çalışmada, veri gazeteciliği yukarıda bahsedilen boyutlarıyla ele alınmakta, demokrasi ve katılıma dair anlayışımızı nasıl dönüştürebileceği tartışılmaktadır. Veri gazeteciliği ile ilgili mevcut literatürün taranmasına odaklanan çalışma ayrıca, mahremiyet, kişisel verilerin korunması, unutulma hakkı, doğrulama, enformasyon akışına aşağıdan-yukarıya yön verilmesi ve veri okuryazarlığının geliştirilmesi gibi, veri gazeteciliğin dönüştürücü işlevini zayıflatabilecek etik ve teknik sorunlara da değinmektedir. Türkçe’de yeni gelişmekte olan bu alandaki kuramsal tartışmayı besleyecek bir başlangıç çalışması olma amacındadır.
Hak Anak setelah Perceraian Akibat Pertengkaran Suami Istri
Authors: Purba Debora , Zahara Elvi 
Published: January 2019

<p class="1judul"><em>The Rights of the Child After Divorce Due to the Sparring of the Wife</em><em> </em></p><p><em>Marriage is a human desire to let go of solitude in navigating the twists and turns of life. Marriage generally applies to every creature created by God, both humans, plants and animals. In essence marriage is a sense of love, obligation, fulfillment of sexual desire and continuation of offspring. Rights of minors after divorce, parents must maintain and educate their children as well as possible. In article 4 of the Marriage Law, fathers are responsible for all the costs of care and education of children needed, if the father cannot fulfill his obligations, the court can determine that the mother also bears the costs of care and education for the child also divorced. The purpose of this study is; to find out custody of minors due to divorce from a married couple; to know the judges' judgment in determining child care responsibilities. This type of research is normative juridical, descriptive analytical nature, and data sources for this research are obtained through secondary data, namely data collected through document studies on the language library.</em></p><p class="1judul"> </p>
Tinjauan Yuridis Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja Sepihak oleh Perusahaan Kepada Pekerja pada Putusan No.36/G/2014/PHI Medan
Authors: Simanjuntak Sari , Hasibuan Abdul Lawali , Mubarak Ridho 
Published: January 2019

<p class="1judul">Juridical Review of Unilateral Termination of Employment by the Company to the Worker on Putusan No.36/G/2014/PHI Medan</p><h1>Disputes or misunderstandings that cause layoffs are generally triggered by a lack of communication between workers and employers. The workers are positioned as the party in need, therefore the position of workers is very weak and vulnerable to irregularities. The problems in this study are: 1) How are the Government and the Company's Efforts Against Employee Layoffs? 2) What is the legal consideration of the judge in deciding unilateral termination of disputes by the company Decision Number: 36/G/2014/PHI.Mdn? This type of research is normative research,. In this case the Industrial Court in the Medan District Court decided to grant the Plaintiff's claim in part, stating that the working relationship between the defendant and the plaintiffs had never been terminated or continued, sentencing the defendant to reinstate the plaintiffs and place them in the original workplace, punishing the defendant for pay for forced money (dwangsoom).</h1>
Handling of Blackplate in Metallographic Preparation and Heat Treatment Optimization via Quenching Dilatometry
Authors: Schmidtseifer N. , Weber S. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
A prerequisite for the successful optimization of a heat treatment for high-alloyed steels is the knowledge about the present initial microstructure. The metallographic preparation and characterization of the initial microstructure poses a challenge, especially for blackplate, due to its low thickness. In this article, a method is presented which facilitates the handling of blackplate during metallographic preparation. With a precise knowledge of the initial microstructure, tests for the optimization of a heat treatment for such blackplate can also be performed. An optimization of the heat treatment process is particularly important for energy and resource efficient manufacturing processes. In this work, a preparation method was developed which allows winding blackplate to hollow cylinders to determine the optimized heat treatment parameters with the help of a quenching and deformation dilatometer. It will be shown that the two methods presented are an efficient but yet reliable way to optimize heat treatment processes of blackplate via laboratory tests.
Physical and Dosimetric Aspect of Euromechanics Add-on Multileaf Collimator on Varian Clinac 2100 C/D
Authors: Rohani S A , Mahdavi S R , Mostaar A , Ueltzhöffer S , Mohammadi R , Geraily Gh 
Published: January 2019

Background: Before treatment planning and dose delivery, quality assurance of multi-leaf collimator (MLC) has an important role in intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) due to the creation of multiple segments from optimization process.Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess the quality control of MLC leaves using EBT3 Gafchromic films.Material and Methods: Leaf Position accuracy and leaf gap reproducibility were checked with Garden fence test. The garden fence test consists of 5 thin bands A) 0.2 Cm width spaced at 2 Cm intervals and B) 1 Cm width spaced at 1 Cm intervals. Each leaf accuracy was analyzed with measuring the full-width half-maximum (FWHM). Maximum and average leaf transmission were measured with gafchromic EBT3 films from Ashland for both 6 MV and 18 MV beams.Results: Leaf positions were found to be in a range between 1.78 – 2.53 mm, instead of nominal 2 mm for the test A and between 9.09 – 10.36 mm, instead of nominal 10 mm for the test B. The Average radiation transmission of the MLC was noted 1.79% and 1.98% of the open 10x10 Cm2 field at isocenter for 6 MV and 18 MV beams, respectively. Maximum radiation transmission was noted 4.1% and 4.4% for 6 MV and 18 MV beams, respectively.Conclusion: In this study, application of gafchromic EBT3 films for the quality assurance of Euromechanics multileaf collimator was studied. Our results showed that the average leaf leakage and positional accuracy of this type of MLC were in the acceptance level based on the Protocols.
MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATIONS OF TERRESTRIAL ORCHID THELYMITRA JAVANICA BLUME (ORCHIDACEAE: ORCHIDOIDEAE) IN MOUNT ARJUNO, LAWU, AND SUMBING, JAVA – INDONESIA
Authors: Wijaya I Made Saka , Daryono Budi Setiadi , Purnomo Purnomo 
Published: January 2019

I Made Saka Wijaya, Budi Setiadi Daryono & Purnomo. 2018. Variasi Morfologi Anggrek Tanah Thelymitra javanica Blume (Orchidaceae: Orchidoideae) di G. Arjuno, G. Lawu dan G. Sumbing, Jawa-Indonesia. Floribunda 6(1): 22–31. — Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengetahui variasi morfologi dan kekerabatan fenetik dari T. javanica dari ketiga gunung tersebut. Tiga belas sampel dikoleksi dari sepanjang jalur pendakian. Pengamatan morfologi dilakukan terhadap organ akar, umbi, daun, tangkai perbungaan, braktea, bunga, buah dan biji. Dendrogram dibangun dengan metoda kluster UPGMA dengan algoritma “Percent’s Similarity”. Sedangkan analisis PCA dilakukan dengan algoritma “Euclidean Distance” menggunakan perangkat lunak MVSP v.3.1. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa variasi morfologi jenis T. javanica tergolong plastis dalam hal ukuran dan warna, terutama warna tangkai perbungaan, mahkota, labelum, ovarium dan rangka ovarium, yang dapat digunakan untuk membedakan populasi atau ekotipe.Kata kunci: Ekotipe, Orchidaceae, fenetik, plastisitas, Thelymitra javanica. I Made Saka Wijaya, Budi Setiadi Daryono & Purnomo. 2018. Morphological Variations of Terrestrial Orchid Thelymitra javanica Blume (Orchidaceae: Orchidoideae) in Mount Arjuno, Lawu, and Sumbing, Java- Indonesia. Floribunda 6(1): 22–31. — The aims of this study were to observe morphological variations and phenetic relationships of T. javanica from the three mountains. Thirteen samples were colected along the tracking routes, morphological observation was based on character of root, tuber, leaf, peduncle, floral bract, flower, fruit, and seed. The data were compile descriptively to identify variations that subsequently scored. Dendrogram were constructed by UPGMA clastering method with Percent’s Similarity algorithm, while Principal Component Analysis was done with Euclidean Distance algorithm using MVSP v.3.1. software. The result shows that morphological variations of T. javanica is found to be plastis for size and color, especially color of peduncle, petals, labellum, ovary, and ovary ribs that can be used to separate distinct population or ecotype.Keywords: Ecotype, Orchidaceae, phenetic, plasticity, Thelymitra javanica
RHODODENDRON GUMINEENSE CRAVEN (ERICACEAE, SUBGENUS VIREYA), A NEW RECORD FOR INDONESIA
Authors: Mambrasar Yasper Michael 
Published: January 2019

Yasper Michael Mambrasar. 2018. Rhododendron gumineense Craven (Ericaceae, Submarga Vireya), Rekaman Baru untuk Indonesia. Floribunda 6(1): 19–21. — Jumlah jenis Rhododendron di Indonesia dilaporkan sebanyak 229 jenis. Satu jenis Rhododendron dari Lembah Baliem, Indonesia yang sebelumnya diidentifikasi sebagai Rhododendron beyerinckianum Koord. telah diidentifikasi sebagai Rhododendron gumineense Craven, berdasarkan bentuk daun dan tangkai putik. Sehingga menambah jumlah jenis Rhododendron di Indonesia menjadi 230.Kata Kunci: Indonesia, Lembah Baliem, Rekaman baru, Rhododendron. Yasper Michael Mambrasar. 2018. Rhododendron gumineense Craven (Ericaceae, Subgenus Vireya), a new record for Indonesia. Floribunda 6(1): 19–21. — The number of Rhododendron species in Indonesia was reported as 229 species. A specimen of Rhododendron from the Baliem valley, Indonesia previously identified as Rhododendron beyerinckianum Koord. has been identified as Rhododendron gumineense Craven, based on leaf shape and style morphology. This increases the number of Rhododendrons in Indonesia to 230 species.Keywords: Indonesia, Baliem valley, New record, Rhododendron.
New Phytotelm plant for Ecuador, Ananas comosus L. Merr. (Bromeliaceae) a its Wyeomyia species inhabitant (Diptera, Culicidae)
Authors: Navarro Juan Carlos , Duque Paúl L. , Liria Jonathan , Enríquez Sandra , Vaca-Moyano Franklin , Salazar José G. 
Published: January 2019

INTRODUCTION. Phytotelmata are a botanical group with water-impounding structures formed by non-aquatic plants, such as leaf axils, perforated internodes, stem holes or depressions, rot-holes in tree trunks or branches (tree-holes), flowers, open fruits, among others. These plants offer suitable conditions for aquatic or semi-aquatic animals, in particular arthropods. Immature mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) are well represented among the inhabitants of phytotelmata. OBJECTIVE. Carry out a rapid assessment of the biodiversity of mosquitoes present in different land uses in the population and biological reserve of Limoncocha, to assess the vulnerability and risk of transmission of pathogens that cause emerging diseases. METHODS. Immature mosquitoes were collected in different phytotelmata including Ananas comosus leaf axils in a deforested area with small crops nearby of the Limoncocha Biological Reserve. RESULTS. Fourth instar larvae of Wyeomyia (Wyeomyia) medioalbipes Lutz were found in this plant to confirm their presence in the country and to the cultivated pineapples as phytotelmata in Ecuador. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. This is the first report for Ecuador of Ananas comosus as phytotelmata and the associated mosquito species. Additionally, the presence of Wy. medioalpes in the country is confirmed. This information is added in the epidemiological evaluation of vulnerability and risk for the transmission of pathogens with a biogeographical and ecological vision.
Incretin Hormones, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone and Human Growth Hormone Responses During Ogtt in Newly Diagnosed T2DM Patients
Authors: Jhuma KA , Giasuddin ASM , Hossain MS , Haq AMM 
Published: January 2019

Several research groups have reported variable results about incretin effects of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1), altered thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) status, human growth hormone (hGH) deficiency and perturbed cytokines balances in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).The present case-control prospective interventional study was conducted investigating responses of incretin hormones (GIP, GLP-1), TSH and hGH to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in newly diagnosed Bangladeshi T2DM patient. Blood samples were collected from 36 OGTT positive newly diagnosed T2DM patients as cases and 30 normal adults as controls at '0' minute (fasting) and at 2 hours after OGTT. Laboratory investigations were done and special parameters in serum, i.e. hGH, TSH, Insulin, GIP and GLP-1 were analyzed using enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kits. Statistical analyses were made by Student's 't' test using SPSS programm. T2DM patients (cases) had FBG and BG2Hr levels much higher than controls (p<0.001). No significant differences were observed between controls and cases for F-TSH (p=0.927), TSH2HrA (p=0.413), F-hGH (p=0.532) and hGH2HrA (p=0.773) levels. It was observed that F-GIP (p=0.309) and F-GLP-1 (p=0.984) levels were similar between cases and controls. Interestingly, control subjects responded to OGTT by increasing GIP2HA and GLP-1, 2HR levels about 3 times compared to F-GIP and F-GLP-1 (p<0.001). In cases, F-GIP and F-GLP-1 levels were also raised responding to OGTT but by about 1.5 times only compared to F-GIP and F-GLP-1 (p<0.025). Although no significant differences were observed for F-TSH, TSH2HrA, F-hGH and hGH2HrA between cases and controls, F-GIP and F-GLP-1 levels were raised responding to OGTT in cases by about 1.5 times only compared to about 3.0 times in controls subjects. But responses of GIP and GLP-1 to glucose load were lower leading to reduced insulin levels in these T2DM patients reported earlier. Further studies with a larger sample size including cytokines are warranted.
Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2018; 11(1): 9-16