bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevent Rather than Respond: Predictive Analytics for Health and Safety
Authors: Stewart Heather , Aitken Chris 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This article describes a practical approach to applying predictive analytics techniques against safety incident and near-miss data to generate actionable insights that change safety outcomes in the field. Examples illustrate three critical ways to use safety data: 1) predicting where incidents are most likely to occur, informing where to place additional resources and effort; 2) understanding the combinations of causes and sub-causes that are creating incidents, improving the focus of safety programs; and 3) revealing which proactive safety activities will best mitigate incident types predicted to occur, increasing the effectiveness of preventive measures. The authors discuss typical data and implementation challenges and encourage companies to stop waiting for "perfect" data and, instead, start applying predictive analytics to deliver targeted safety insights to supervisors and workers in the field.
Advances in Automated Design Approval
Authors: Hare Timothy 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
There are significant trends in the reduction of traditional 2D design, this is being replaced by the sole development of 3D models. This paper will detail how to develop algorithms to automate large aspects of a design review. These techniques significantly increase efficiency, ensure constancy and optimise the accuracy of the design, leading to reduced project costs.
Utilising the 3D models enriched metadata and by developing independent algorithms, it is possible to create a cyberphysical model that enables automation of the design review. For example; using the geometrical data in the 3D model to check a hazard with respect to a detector, confirming that the detector is located close to the hazard. There are multiple checks similar this example, cataloguing and scripting these checks can be managed within PLM software.
Using algorithmic automation techniques reduces the overall design hours of a project, it checks the consistency of the design. Getting it right first time reduces the number of changes later in the project lifecycle, avoiding expensive rework costs. During the first phase of this initiative, we have found, that automation leads to a reduction of design hours by 10% and increases the accuracy and consistency of the design review.
This first phase of automation uses the metadata in the 3D model, where the output from the check leads to a comment on the design. To scale the pilotm which will encompass the inclusion of other data sources, will further enrich the cyberphysical model. Ultimately, by creating a decisions database and using Artificial Intelligence we will be able to close the loop, which will lead to a design that is fully evaluated before it leaves the designer. It is also possible to automate in other phases of the project lifecycle, where image recognition will compare the real asset to the model.
This level of automation is unique, there are other low-level forms of automation, but the advancements of this technology has, to our knowledge, not been attempted in the Oil and Gas sector. The development and scaling of this technology is novel and will have a significant impact on the way future projects are executed.
Atex Vsd, A Booster for Mature Fields
Authors: Boero-Rollo Jean-Grégoire , Long Jérôme 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In the oil sector, TOTAL should become the "low cost champion". This is presently our main challenge as mentioned by our CEO in the strategical document "One Total, our ambition". A key to succeed in a mature field such as PNGF North (CONGO) is to convert gas lifted wells into ESP activated wells.
The ATEX VSD innovation consists of having the electrical module of an ESP activated well located in hazardous area, avoiding high costs that would result from a platform extension (for an electrical room). This innovation was designed by TOTAL E&P CONGO (TEPC) and installed on the YAF2 platform (YANGA field) in June 2018 has enabled to increase the production of the YAM254 well by 250% and its operational efficiency by 25 points. This innovation, which would not be possible without the close cooperation between headquarters and TEPC, could be extended to the entire TEPC subsidiary and thus open doors for new development opportunities for TOTAL brown fields.
The Importance of Reliable Barrier Verification in the P&A Environment — Case Studies
Authors: Volkov Maxim , Zaripova Asiya 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The North Sea Oil and Gas industry counts over 7,800 wells drilled. The industry is now entering an era of well abandonment and decommissioning. Current barrier verification for P&A requires appropriate pressure testing and includes surface and downhole monitoring.
Globally, Spectral Noise Logging (SNL) has been utilized in many thousands of cases to detect fluid movement behind completion tubulars and/or across a cement barriers.
In Nov 2017, full-scale verification tests were conducted at the International Research Institute of Stavanger (IRIS). These tests were conducted in a controlled environment to verify current technology thresholds. These showed the technique validated the cement barrier integrity during pressure tests and can diagnose channeling as low as 9 ml/min behind the casing. The threshold matrix for different cement defect versus pressure and flow rates allowed the usage of the technology to support the positive qualification of the barrier elements (Dave Gardner, 2019).
Utilizing a purpose-built test assembly of standard oilfield tubular and cement with fitted end caps, a series of pressure tests operations were conducted to identify the pressure and associate leak rates in conjunction with the SNL. The results clearly demonstrated that the logging tool can provide evidence of barrier verification over a wide range of well applications. Barrier qualification requires that three conditions are met; firstly, cement behind casing is in place and not displaying a micro-annulus or any form of fluid movement behind pipe. Secondly, that a cement plug holds pressure and there is also no fluid leak and finally natural shale barriers are active and create a sufficient barrier. Currently, technology is in its 10th generation, and since the IRIS tests have been used in many wells, covering both onshore and offshore oil and gas wells and wells in highly sensitive environmental areas. On each case the logging operations were used to verify well status before and after the barrier establishment via cement squeeze or section milling and, in several cases, clearly, demonstrate that the barrier status remained ineffective, hidden and further remedial work was required.
This paper discusses the downhole passive noise listening and its spectral analysis technique to prove the effective cement barriers are in place. The concept, methodology and its application which have been successfully tested via yard and field tests are presented in this paper.
Next Generation Verification of Offshore Assets
Authors: Downie Jack 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Objective/Scope
How will Verification Schemes of the future give clarity within risk management and process safety while providing increased value and cost savings to the Operator?
Verification was first introduced to the UK in 1998 and is now required throughout Europe following the introduction of the 2013 EU Directive on Offshore Safety. It is intended to provide operators, the regulator and other stakeholders reassurance that the SECEs are operating as intended and therefore risks related to major accident hazards are managed.
Much has changed in the industry over the last 30 years: our collective understanding of Major Accident Hazards (MAH) and the contribution made by Safety and Environmental Critical Elements (SECEs) has improved, safe systems of work have become more advanced, computerised maintenance management systems have developed and offshore communication and technology is unrecognisable compared to the 1990s.
This paper will explore whether the role and scope of the verifier has moved with the times and offer suggestions as to how maximum benefit and value can be achieved by Verification.

Methods/Procedures/Process
We have taken a critical review of the Verifier role and whether we still meet the original intent of the legislation, we have addressed the following specific questions in this regard: –Has our technical scope of work transformed since Certification of Fitness days?–How do we assess the continuous good condition of any SECE?–How do we deliver value to the Duty Holders with respect to cumulative risk? Or reliability & availability?–Can (or should) we deliver against a more robust People, Process & Plant scope without impacting on cost? (instead of only Plant)?–Can we take more credit for work that other 2nd or 3rd party service providers perform on certain SECE’s?–How can we contribute to a holistic picture of the process safety risk to the plant?–How can Industry 4.0 support improvements in our delivery?–How can we share information with the workforce to improve their understanding of MAH risk?

Results/Observations/Conclusions
Consideration of these questions has propelled DNV GL to review what best practice Verification should be and how we can contribute to the visibility of any assets’ risk profile. In short: Has, or can the Verification Industry adapt & evolve to the industry’s new reality?

Novel/Additive Information
At DNV GL we believe we have listened to our clients and developed a new, more efficient service which follows the principles of process safety and will ensure that the verifier is looking at the right risks at the right time.
Evaluation and assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Pharmacy students towards Pharmacovigilance in Saudi Arabia: A Cross sectional study.
Authors: Siddiqua Ayesha , Alshahrani Nada , Iqbal Javid Mir , Ali Afnan Mohammad , Abdulrahman Raghad , alqarni Salha ahmad , almanaa Amjad , asiri Waad ahmad , Essa Mohammed A Al , Gramish Jawaher Abdullah , Khobrani Moteb A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pharmacovigilance is an important part of the health care system as it helps in the detection, assessment, reporting and prevention of Adverse Drug Reactions. Spontaneous reporting of adverse drug reaction plays a vital role in the success of Pharmacovigilance programs and pharmacy students are supposed to acquire sufficient knowledge and necessary skills required for practicing pharmacovigilance under different clinical settings. Hence, this study was carried out in the students of College of Pharmacy of a University in the Southern Province of Saudi Arabia to assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) of undergraduate Pharmacy students towards Pharmacovigilance.
METHODS: A quantitative, prospective, cross-sectional online survey was carried out using a validated, self-administered questionnaire constituting 4 domains i.e. Demographics, Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Pharmacovigilance among the pharmacy students of King Khalid University.
RESULTS: The questionnaire was administered to 360 students out of which 329 responded (response rate of 91.3 %). The mean score of Level 7,8,9,10 and intern students for Knowledge was (3.03,5.37, 6.38, 6.19,6.42), Attitude (5.28,4.16, 5.62, 5.01, 5.29), and Practice (2.99, 3.25, 3.04, 3.43, 3.13) respectively. In addition, the findings indicated a significant difference in the mean score among different level of students for knowledge and attitude with a p-value of <0.0001, and 0.0002 respectively. The practice mean score showed there was no much significance among different level of students (p-value = 0.4108)
CONCLUSION: Our research findings revealed that the pharmacy students of the focused university have adequate knowledge and positive attitude towards adverse drug reaction. However, there is a dire need to understand and address concerns regarding real time practice patterns prevalent among Health Care Providers about pharmacovigilance under different clinical settings.
Keywords: Pharmacovigilance, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Pharmacy students
Predisposing factors associated with teenage pregnancy in Lake Victoria Islands and Mountain districts of Uganda
Authors: Tuyiragize Richard , Nzabona Abel , Asiimwe John Bosco , Kakuba Christian , Mushomi John , Maniragaba Fred 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Introduction

There is a high teenage pregnancy rate in Lake Victoria Island and Mountain districts of Uganda. Teenage pregnancy leads to unsafe abortions, infant and maternal mortality, high rate of unemployment, and school drop-outs. This paper aims at establishing the factors influencing teenage pregnancy in Uganda Lake Victoria Island shoreline area and mountain districts.

Methods

The analysis focused on 405 girls aged 15–19 years, generated from the 2016 Uganda demographic and Health Survey. The chi-square test statistic was used to establish factors associated with teenage pregnancy. Unadjusted and adjusted binary logistic regression analysis were conducted on explanatory variables to establish the predictors of teenage pregnancy in the Lake Victoria Island districts and the mountain districts. Statistical significance was considered at 5% level.

Results

The findings show that teenage pregnancy rate was at 48% in the Lake Victoria Island districts and at 24% in the mountain districts. Predictors of teenage pregnancy include; aged 18 – 19 years (AOR=4.78, p=0.000, 95% CI 2.85 – 8.01), being in a female-headed household (AOR=0.46, p=0.004, 95% CI 0.25 – 0.85), being in a “working” occupation (AOR=2.22, p=0.005, 95% CI 1.28 – 3.85), belonging to the “rich” quintile (AOR=0.54, p=0.03, 95% CI 0.31 – 0.97) and knowledge of any family planning methods (AOR=18.37, p=0.008, 95% CI=2.17 – 155.5).,

Conclusion

The factors associated with high teenage pregnancy in the Uganda Lake Victoria Island shoreline area and mountain districts include; age, sex of household head, occupation (not working), socio-economic status and knowledge of family planning methods. There is need for programs that promote contraceptive use among teenagers and household wealth creation projects, with special attention to dwellers in remote and hard-to-reach areas of the country.
Prevalence Of Syphilis, Neurosyphilis And Associated Factors In a Cross-Sectional Analysis Of HIV Infected Patients Attending Bugando Medical Centre Mwanza Tanzania
Authors: Haule Adeodatus Richard , Mgaya Evarista , Masikini Peter , Msemwa Betrand , Kalluvya Samuel 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: HIV-syphilis co-infection is a combination that enhances rapid progression of early syphilis or late latent syphilis to neurosyphilis and can cause catastrophic neurological complications. In studies in Mwanza, syphilis affects ~8% of healthy outpatients, and older studies have suggested that up to 23.5% of HIV-syphilis co-infected patients also have neurosyphilis. The study aimed at determining the prevalence of syphilis, neurosyphilis and associated factors among HIV infected patients attending Bugando Medical Center.Methods: This was a cross sectional study in which HIV infected patients who were hospitalized or attending the outpatient Care and Treatment Clinic (CTC) were interviewed using structured questionnaire and screened for syphilis using serum Treponema Pallidum hemagglutination assay (TPHA). We included all HIV-infected persons aged 18 years and above who consented. Blood was also taken for CD4+ T cells and viral load. Those who were found to have syphilis underwent neurological examination for any neurologic deficit and offered lumbar puncture.Results: The prevalence of syphilis in HIV infected patients was found to be 9.6%. The majority of these were female (72.5%) and median age was 42 years [interquartile range, 32-50]. Most patients were on ART (99.4%).The majority of participants with syphilis (89.2%) reported not knowing that they had syphilis, and had not previously been treated. One hundred forty one participants with syphilis had neurological examinations performed, 4 of whom had abnormal findings that necessitated that they undergo lumbar puncture. One of these had confirmed neurosyphilis.Conclusion: The high prevalence of syphilis in HIV infected patients indicates that there is a need to increase efforts in targeting this population to reduce sexually transmitted infections. Screening for syphilis should be done for all HIV patients given the high prevalence of the infection and the risk that aggressive forms of neurosyphilis can occur despite recovery of CD4+Tcell counts in untreated syphilis.
Validity Of Self-reported Alcohol And Other Drug Use Among Pregnant Women Attending Midwife Obstetric Units In The Cape Metropole, South Africa
Authors: Williams Petal Petersen , Mathews Catherine , Jordaan Esme , Washio Yukiko , Terplan Mishka , Parry Charles 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: This paper examines the validity of self-report of alcohol and other drug use in a South African cohort of pregnant women by comparing simple questioning about alcohol and other drug use (yes/no), a standardized screening tool (Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test; ASSIST, and urine analysis. Method: An observational study among women in eleven public prenatal clinics was conducted. Dichotomous verbal screening is a standard of care, and pregnant patients reporting alcohol and substance use in dichotomous verbal screenings were asked to engage in screening using the ASSIST and urinalysis. Results: Significant agreements between dichotomous and ASSIST scores were observed (K = 0.73-0.76). A higher rate of self-reported (36.9%) alcohol use was detected, relative to urine screening (19.6%) with a predictive value of 34.9; while underreporting of illicit substance use was observed (3.6% self-report vs 8.8% urine screening) with an overall predictive value of 50.0. Conclusion: Dichotomous verbal screening was considered valid after comparison with the ASSIST; however, combined use with urine screenings can be recommended especially for identifying illicit substance use in order to accurately detect alcohol and other drug use in pregnancy so that women can be identified and referred for appropriate interventions where needed.
Comparison of Causes of Maternal Mortality in the Limpopo Province between 2011/13 and 2014/16: Findings from the National Committee of Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths in South Africa
Authors: Ntuli Sam , EM Maboya , Hyera FLM , Naidoo S 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Objective

To review and compare underlying causes of maternal deaths in Limpopo Province (LP) using data of the National Committee of Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths in South Africa (NCCEMD).

Method

This is a review of the findings of the causes of maternal deaths from the two trienniums 2011-2013 and 2014-2016 of the NCCEMD. When pregnancy related deaths occur a maternal death notification form is completed and submitted to the provincial Maternal, Child and Women's Health (MCWH) units. The provincial assessors assess the death and forward the report to the NCCEMD, where the data are collated and analyzed to provide summary estimates for the extent of important public-health problems.

Results

In the triennial 2011/13, 750 women deaths were recorded in LP of which 728 (97.1%) were maternal deaths and 22(2.9%) were coincidental deaths. While in the triennial 2014/16, of the 623 women deaths, 607(97.4%) were maternal deaths and 16 (2.6%) were coincidental deaths. In both trienniums, non-pregnancy related infections, obstetric haemorrhage, pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorders and medical and surgical disorders were the leading cause of deaths and accounted for two-thirds of maternal deaths. The number of deaths due to non-pregnancy related infections significantly decreases from 228 to 135 (p<0.05), while deaths due to medical and surgical disorders slightly increased (from 66 to 69, p>0.05). There was a marked reduction in the number of obstetric haemorrhage, pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorders, pregnancy-related sepsis, anaesthetic complications, ruptured ectopic pregnancy and acute collapse-cause unknown but the result did not reach statistical significance (p>0.05), and deaths due to miscarriage increased (p>0.05). The number of deaths due to pulmonary embolism increased significantly (p<0.05).

Conclusion

Although there is a reduction in the number of maternal deaths in LP, non-pregnancy related infections, obstetric haemorrhage, pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorders and medical and surgical disorders remain the major causes of maternal death and pulmonary embolism is an emerging concern.
Construction of a ceRNA regulatory network in Ziyang xiangcheng (Citrus junos Sieb. ex Tanaka) based on whole-genome transcriptome profiling of mRNAs, lncRNAs, miRNAs and circRNAs under Cu toxicity
Authors: Fu Xing-zheng , Zhang Xiao-Yong , Qiu Jie-Ya , Zhou Xue , Yuan Meng , He Yi-Zhong , Chun Chang-Pin , Cao Li , Ling Li-Li , Peng Liang-Zhi 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

Copper (Cu) toxicity has become a potential threat for citrus production, but little is known about related mechanisms. This study aims to uncover the global molecular response of mRNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) to Cu toxicity and to construct their competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) network in citrus.Results

In this study, tolerance of four commonly used rootstocks to Cu toxicity was first evaluated, and ‘Ziyang Xiangcheng’ (Citrus junos ) was proved to be tolerant rootstock. Then the Cu-treated and -untreated root (CuR, CKR) and leaf (CuL, CKL) of ‘Ziyang Xiangcheng’ was selected to perform whole-genome transcriptome sequencing. In total, 5734 and 222 mRNAs, 164 and 5 lncRNAs, 45 and 17 circRNAs, and 147 and 130 miRNAs were identified to be differentially expressed (DE) in CuR/CKR and CuL/CKL, respectively. Gene ontology enrichment analysis of these DEmRNAs and targets of DElncRNAs and DEmiRNAs showed that most were annotated to oxidation-reduction, phosphorylation, membrane, and ion binding. The ceRNA network was constructed with the predicted DEmRNAs-DEmiRNAs and DElncRNAs-DEmiRNAs pairs, which further revealed regulatory roles of these DERNAs in Cu toxicity.Conclusions

A large number of mRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs, and miRNAs were altered in response to Cu toxicity in citrus, and they may play crucial roles in mitigation of Cu toxicity through the ceRNA regulatory network.
An Analysis of The Relationship between The Maxillary Molars and The maxillary sinus floor in Adult Patient Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Li Lin , Fu Yifan , Huang Shihui , Lai Ziya , Li Chenghao , Ge Jianping 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background The aim of the study was to evaluate the anatomical relationship between the maxillary molars and the maxillary sinus by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).Methods A database of maxillary molars were obtained from 91 adult patients by means of images of CBCT. The internal angle, the alveolar bone width, and the distance between root apex and the wall of maxillary sinus were measured by CBCT. The vertical relationship between the maxillary molars and the maxillary sinus were analysed. Vertical relationship of the maxillary sinus was further evaluated. Results The value of the internal angle of maxillary third molar is 17.2 ± 11.5°. The width of the alveolar bone of third molar is 8.2 ± 1.7mm. Type III, IV and V were the most common relationship in the first and second molars. Type V and I were most frequently observed in the first and second molars. The inner angle of the second molar is larger than that of the first molar. The maxillary first molar had the smallest mean alveolar bone width, and the third molar had the largest average. Conclusion This study will provide reference for clinical practice, especially for root canal treatment and tooth implants.