bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SOSYAL BİLİŞ TEORİSİ ve PAZARLAMA DİSİPLİNİNDE KULLANIMINA DAİR ÖRNEKLER
Authors: GÖKTAŞ Bora 
Published: March 2018

Sosyal biliş
yaklaşımı, insanın çevresinden aldığı verileri zihninde gruplandırdığı, bunları
belli bir şemaya oturttuğu ve böylece işleyip bir bilgi haline getirdiği,
sonrasında da bu bilgiyi yorumlayıp bir davranış göstermesini ifade etmektedir.
Pazarlama ise; müşteriler, alıcılar, paydaşlar ve toplumun tümü için değer
ifade eden önerilerin oluşturulması, iletişimi, ulaşımı ve değişimi için bir
faaliyet, bir dizi kurum ve bir süreçtir. Bu çalışmanın amacı “sosyal biliş
kuramının” pazarlama kavramı içerisinde kullanım alanına ilişkin örnekler
vermektir. Böylece bu yaklaşımın pazarlamada da kullanıldığı gözler önüne
serilerek ülkemizdeki akademik çalışmalarda da faydalanılması için öneri
niteliği taşımaktadır. Çalışma “sosyal biliş teorisi” ve “pazarlama” ilişkisine
yönelik güncel araştırmalardan oluşan bir derlemedir. Derleme olması sebebiyle
de iki kavram arasındaki ilişkiyi sınayacak bir uygulama mevcut değildir. Fakat
araştırmanın son kısmında araştırmacı bu iki kavramı ilişkilendirme gayreti
içine girerek önerilerde bulunmaktadır. Bu kapsamda incelenen onlarca araştırma
içerisinden 7 adet çalışma araştırma incelemesi olarak belirlenmiştir. Ancak
araştırmacı tarafından önümüzdeki süreçti bu konuyla ilgili olarak uygulamalı
bir çalışma yapılması hedeflenmektedir.
Demographic Profile of Liver Injury Managed at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central Nepal -A Retrospective Study
Authors: Belbase Narayan Prasad , Jalan Aditya Kumar , Upadhyay Hari , Mishra Rohit , Karki Mukesh , Kumar Sujit 
Published: March 2018

Background & Objectives:The liver is one of the commonly injured solid organ following abdominal trauma. The aim of this study was to determine the outcome of liver injuries managed operatively or non-operatively and predict factors affecting morbidity and mortality.Materials & Methods:This was a retrospective study of 40 liver injuries managed in the department of Surgical Gastroenterology at College of Medical Sciences over a period of 2 years. The liver injury was classified in accordance with the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma liver injury scoring scale. Patients were divided into two groups those managed operatively or non-operatively and were compared in terms of demographic profile and outcome.Results:Forty patients were analyzed. The mean age of the patients was 29.95years. Male predominance was seen with 72.5% of the cases. Road traffic accidents were the commonest mode of injury seen in 72.5% cases. The mean Revised Trauma Score (RTS) and Injury severity score (ISS) were 7.11and 22.58. The mean systolic BP, hospital stay and ICU stay were 93.80 mm of mercury, 11.55 days and 3.55 days respectively. Twenty six patients (65%) were initially managed non-operatively and 14 patients were managed operatively. Five patients had to be converted to operative management for hemodynamic instability. Mortality was 7.6% in patient undergoing non-operative management and 21.43% in patients managed operatively. Low systolic BP at presentation, low RTS score, high ISS score, high AST, ALT and prothrombin time were significantly associated with operative management and mortality.Conclusion:Patients with hemodynamic instability, low RTS score, high ISS score, high liver enzymes have high likelihood of operative management.
Predictors of cerebral aneurysm persistence and occlusion after flow diversion: a single-institution series of 445 cases with angiographic follow-up
Authors: Bender Matthew T. , Colby Geoffrey P. , Lin Li-Mei , Jiang Bowen , Westbroek Erick M. , Xu Risheng , Campos Jessica K. , Huang Judy , Tamargo Rafael J. , Coon Alexander L. 
Published: March 2018

OBJECTIVEFlow diversion requires neointimal stent overgrowth to deliver aneurysm occlusion. The existing literature on aneurysm occlusion is limited by heterogeneous follow-up, variable antiplatelet regimens, noninvasive imaging modalities, and nonstandard occlusion assessment. Using a large, single-center cohort with low attrition and standardized antiplatelet tapering, the authors evaluated outcomes after flow diversion of anterior circulation aneurysms to identify predictors of occlusion and aneurysm persistence.METHODSData from a prospective, IRB-approved database was analyzed for all patients with anterior circulation aneurysms treated by flow diversion with the Pipeline embolization device (PED) at the authors’ institution. Follow-up consisted of catheter cerebral angiography at 6 and 12 months postembolization. Clopidogrel was discontinued at 6 months and aspirin was reduced to 81 mg daily at 12 months. Occlusion was graded as complete, trace filling, entry remnant, or aneurysm filling. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of aneurysm persistence.RESULTSFollow-up catheter angiography studies were available for 445 (91%) of 491 PED procedures performed for anterior circulation aneurysms between August 2011 and August 2016. Three hundred eighty-seven patients accounted for these 445 lesions with follow-up angiography. The population was 84% female; mean age was 56 years and mean aneurysm size was 6.6 mm. Aneurysms arose from the internal carotid artery (83%), anterior cerebral artery (13%), and middle cerebral artery (4%). Morphology was saccular in 90% of the lesions, and 18% of the aneurysms has been previously treated. Overall, complete occlusion was achieved in 82% of cases at a mean follow-up of 14 months. Complete occlusion was achieved in 72%, 78%, and 87% at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. At 12 months, adjunctive coiling predicted occlusion (OR 0.260, p = 0.036), while male sex (OR 2.923, p = 0.032), aneurysm size (OR 3.584, p = 0.011), and incorporation of a branch vessel (OR 2.206, p = 0.035) predicted persistence. Notable variables that did not predict aneurysm occlusion were prior treatments, vessel of origin, fusiform morphology, and number of devices used.CONCLUSIONSThis is the largest single-institution study showing high rates of anterior circulation aneurysm occlusion after Pipeline embolization. Predictors of persistence after flow diversion included increasing aneurysm size and incorporated branch vessel, whereas adjunctive coiling predicted occlusion.
Natural history of cavernous sinus meningiomas
Authors: Amelot Aymeric , van Effenterre Remy , Kalamarides Michel , Cornu Philippe , Boch Anne-Laure 
Published: March 2018

OBJECTIVEMeningiomas confined to the cavernous sinus (MCSs) are benign tumors. Due to the high risk of severe complications, the intracavernous surgical procedure was abandoned in favor of radiotherapy. However, the choice of treatment remains complicated due to the fact that the natural history of this lesion has not yet been described.METHODSThe authors studied the natural history of this lesion using a prospective series of 53 consecutive patients suffering from MCSs. The median follow-up duration was 10.2 years (range 2–25 years), from 1990 to 2016.RESULTSPatients ranged in age from 30 to 72 years (mean 53 years). The meningiomas were diagnosed by major symptoms (mainly oculomotor palsy and neuralgia experienced in 28 patients), minor symptoms (headache, intermittent diplopia in 15 patients), or incidental findings (10 patients). Simple symptomatic treatment (short courses of corticosteroids and carbamazepine) allowed patients to become asymptomatic in 19 (67.9%) of 28 cases experiencing major symptoms, and for 12 (80%) of 15 patients with initial minor symptoms (p < 0.0001). All patients with incidental findings remained asymptomatic. Forty four (83%) of 53 MCSs did not show any significant growth and 42 (80%) of 53 patients were not symptomatic at the end of follow-up (p < 0.001). The radiographic progression-free survival rates (± SD) at 5, 10, and 20 years were 90% ± 4.2%, 82% ± 5.7%, and 70% ± 10.2%, respectively. Five patients (9.4%) with no evidence of any effect of the initial medical treatment desired additional conventional radiation therapy.CONCLUSIONSBecause of the capricious, unpredictable, and slow growth of MCSs, together with high growth variability from one patient to the next, the symptomatic medical treatment of these tumors is a highly effective method. This series shows that these lesions are naturally, clinically, and radiologically indolent.
Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Cognitive Function are Positively Related Among Participants with Mild and Subjective Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Stuckenschneider Tim , Askew Christopher David , Rüdiger Stefanie , Polidori Maria Cristina , Abeln Vera , Vogt Tobias , Krome Andreas , Olde Rikkert Marcel , Lawlor Brian , Schneider Stefan ,   on behalf of the NeuroExercise Study Group
Published: March 2018

Background: By 2030, about 74 million people will be diagnosed with dementia, and many more will experience subjective (SCI) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). As physical inactivity has been identified to be a strong modifiable risk factor for dementia, exercise and physical activity (PA) may be important parameters to predict the progression from MCI to dementia, but might also represent disease trajectory modifying strategies for SCI and MCI. Objective: A better understanding of the relationship between activity, fitness, and cognitive function across the spectrum of MCI and SCI would provide an insight into the potential utility of PA and fitness as early markers, and treatment targets to prevent cognitive decline. Methods: 121 participants were stratified into three groups, late MCI (LMCI), early MCI (EMCI), and SCI based on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Cognitive function assessments also included the Trail Making Test A+B, and a verbal fluency test. PA levels were evaluated with an interviewer-administered questionnaire (LAPAQ) and an activity monitor. An incremental exercise test was performed to estimate cardiorespiratory fitness and to determine exercise capacity relative to population normative data. Results: ANCOVA revealed that LMCI subjects had the lowest PA levels (LAPAQ, p = 0.018; activity monitor, p = 0.041), and the lowest exercise capacity in relation to normative values ( p = 0.041). Moreover, a modest correlation between MoCA and cardiorespiratory fitness ( r = 0.25; p < 0.05) was found. Conclusion: These findings suggest that during the earliest stages of cognitive impairment PA and exercise capacity might present a marker for the risk of further cognitive decline. This finding warrants further investigation using longitudinal cohort studies.
Accessing mobile user’s privacy based on IME personalization: Understanding and practical attacks
Authors: Diao Wenrui , Liu Rui , Liu Xiangyu , Zhou Zhe , Li Zhou , Zhang Kehuan 
Published: March 2018

Input Method Editor (IME) is an indispensable component on current smartphones. With its assistance, the number of key presses is reduced, and non-Latin characters could be inputted. Furthermore, modern IMEs integrate several personalized features like reordering suggestion lists and predicting the next words based on user’s input history. Such optimization improves the user experience but turns the IME dictionary into a pool of user privacy. Previous works have discussed the privacy risks coming from malicious IMEs. Indeed, they could cause security and privacy issues if installed by common users, but their impact is limited as the majority of IMEs are well-behaved. However, whether legitimate IMEs are bullet-proof is not answered before. In this paper, we make the first attempt to study the security implications of IME personalization and the back-end infrastructure on Android devices. In the end, we identify a critical vulnerability lying under the Android KeyEvent processing framework, which can be exploited to launch cross-app KeyEvent injection (CAKI) attack and bypass the app-isolation mechanism. By abusing such design flaw, an adversary can harvest entries from the personalized user dictionary of IME through an ostensibly innocuous app only asking for common permissions. Our evaluation over a broad spectrum of Android OSes, devices, and IMEs suggests such issue should be fixed immediately. All Android versions we examined (from very old 2.3.4 to the latest 6.0.1) and most IME apps we surveyed (11 out of 18) are vulnerable. User’s private information, like contact names, location, etc., can be easily exfiltrated. Up to hundreds of millions of mobile users are under this threat. To mitigate this security issue, we propose a practical defense mechanism which augments the existing KeyEvent processing framework without forcing any change to IME apps.
Non-Surgical Ablative Treatment of Distant Extracranial Metastases for Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review
Authors: Verbiest Annelies , De Meerleer Gert , Albersen Maarten , Beuselinck Benoit 
Published: March 2018

Background: Local ablative treatments of extracranial metastases are increasingly used in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but their impact on outcome and toxicity remains unclear. Objectives: To perform a systematic review on the efficacy and toxicity of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for the treatment of distant extracranial RCC-metastases. Methods: Search strategy: Pubmed, Embase and the national trial register were searched for the combination of metastatic RCC and SBRT or RFA. Eligible studies were original comparative studies with at least 10 patients per treatment arm, published since 2000 and reporting on at least one of: local control, overall or cancer specific survival, symptom control, toxicity. When possible, hazard ratios were calculated from survival curves. Results and limitations: No eligible studies on RFA were found. Eight studies on SBRT were included, all were non-randomized and seven were observational. Six included only bone metastases. Radiation regime, treatment site and measured outcomes were heterogeneous and intrinsic risks of bias were high. SBRT, especially single dose 24Gy in the spine, seemed more effective than lower dose SBRT or conventional radiotherapy in achieving local control and pain control. Local control rates were 80–90%. The risk of vertebral compression fracture after SBRT for spinal metastases might be as high as 10–25% or more, especially at higher doses. Other toxicities were mild. Conclusion: Due to the poor quality of the existing evidence, no definite recommendations on the use of SBRT in metastatic RCC can be made. SBRT, especially a single high dose, seems well tolerated and efficacious in achieving local control and pain relief, but the risk of vertebral compression fractures in spinal metastases is high. Randomized trials are needed to assess impact on local control, symptom control, survival and toxicity, to determine optimal dosing and assess potential synergistic efficacy or toxicity upon combination with systemic treatment.
Impact of Aspirin and Non-Aspirin Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs on Outcomes in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Hamieh Lana , Moreira Raphael B. , Lin Xun , Simantov Ronit , Choueiri Toni K. , McKay Rana R. 
Published: March 2018

Background: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have demonstrated an anti-tumorigenic effect in several cancers. However, their use is associated with an increased risk in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and their effect has not been assessed in patients with metastatic disease. Objective: We investigated the impact of NSAIDs on survival outcomes in patients with metastatic RCC (mRCC). Methods: We conducted a pooled retrospective analysis of 4,736 mRCC patients treated on phase II and III clinical trials. Patients were categorized as: aspirin (ASA) only users, non-ASA NSAIDs only users, ASA and non-ASA NSAIDs users, and NSAIDs non-users. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Progression free survival (PFS), overall response rate (ORR) and adverse events (AEs) were secondary endpoints. OS and PFS were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method and were assessed using multivariate Cox regression analysis. Results: We identified 457 (10%) ASA only users, 639 (13%) non-ASA NSAIDs only users, 61 (1%) ASA and non-ASA NSAIDS users, and 3579 (76%) NSAIDs non-users. OS and PFS were significantly worse in non-ASA NSAIDs users compared to the NSAIDs non-users (OS hazard ratio (HR): 1.47, p < 0.0001, median 11.6 versus 21.1 months; PFS HR: 1.29, p < 0.0001, median 4.6 versus 7.4 months). There was no difference in survival in ASA users or ASA and non-ASA NSAIDs users compared to NSAIDs non-users. Conclusions: Our analysis demonstrates that NSAIDs do not confer a survival advantage in mRCC patients. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the interaction of NSAIDS with targeted therapy in mRCC.
Perioperative Statin Use and Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Partial Nephrectomy
Authors: Joshi Shreyas S. , Ruth Karen , Smaldone Marc C. , Chen David Y.T. , Greenberg Richard E. , Viterbo Rosalia , Kutikov Alexander , Uzzo Robert G. 
Published: March 2018

Background: Statin use is widespread among the general population. Data suggest a potentially beneficial effect of statin therapy on renal function following surgery. The impact of statins on post-partial nephrectomy (PN) renal function is unknown. We hypothesized that perioperative statin use may be associated with reduced rates of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing PN. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of perioperative statin use on AKI rates in patients undergoing PN. Materials & Methods: 1,056 patients undergoing PN were identified from a prospectively-maintained institutional renal mass database. Exclusion criteria included lack of preoperative serum creatinine (Cr), concurrent surgeries, and those with baseline Cr <0.4. The binary outcome was AKI, defined using modified Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. Chi-Square and Cochran-Armitage trend tests were used to evaluate the strength of associations. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine predictors of AKI. Results: Statin use was reported by n = 346 (32.8%) patients at the time of surgery. Univariate analysis demonstrated that statin use was associated with an increased risk of AKI following PN (OR 1.38, CI 1.01–1.88, p = 0.04). On multivariate analysis, statin use was no longer associated with AKI following PN (OR 1.09, CI 0.76–1.56, p = 0.65). Gender, BMI, comorbidity index, hypertension, surgical approach, ischemia temperature/time, and nephrometry “R” score were all independently associated with AKI. Conclusions: Perioperative statin use at the time of PN was not associated with rates of post-operative AKI. Prospective studies are needed to elucidate the effects of statins on functional outcomes following PN.
Starburst to Quiescent from HST/ALMA: Stars and Dust Unveil Minor Mergers in Submillimeter Galaxies at z ∼ 4.5
Authors: Gómez-Guijarro C. , Toft S. , Karim A. , Magnelli B. , Magdis G. E. , Jiménez-Andrade E. F. , Capak P. L. , Fraternali F. , Fujimoto S. , Riechers D. A. , Schinnerer E. , Smolčić V. , Aravena M. , Bertoldi F. , Cortzen I. , Hasinger G. , Hu E. M. , Jones G. C. , Koekemoer A. M. , Lee N. , McCracken H. J. , Michałowski M. J. , Navarrete F. , Pović M. , Puglisi A. , Romano-Díaz E. , Sheth K. , Silverman J. D. , Staguhn J. , Steinhardt C. L. , Stockmann M. , Tanaka M. , Valentino F. , van Kampen E. , Zirm A. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Dust-enshrouded, starbursting, submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) at z ≥ 3 have been proposed as progenitors of z ≥ 2 compact quiescent galaxies (cQGs). To test this connection, we present a detailed spatially resolved study of the stars, dust, and stellar mass in a sample of six submillimeter-bright starburst galaxies at z ∼ 4.5. The stellar UV emission probed by HST is extended and irregular and shows evidence of multiple components. Informed by HST, we deblend Spitzer/IRAC data at rest-frame optical, finding that the systems are undergoing minor mergers with a typical stellar mass ratio of 1:6.5. The FIR dust continuum emission traced by ALMA locates the bulk of star formation in extremely compact regions (median r
e = 0.70 ± 0.29 kpc), and it is in all cases associated with the most massive component of the mergers (median

). We compare spatially resolved UV slope (β) maps with the FIR dust continuum to study the infrared excess (IRX = L
IR/L
UV)–β relation. The SMGs display systematically higher IRX values than expected from the nominal trend, demonstrating that the FIR and UV emissions are spatially disconnected. Finally, we show that the SMGs fall on the mass–size plane at smaller stellar masses and sizes than the cQGs at z = 2. Taking into account the expected evolution in stellar mass and size between z = 4.5 and z = 2 due to the ongoing starburst and mergers with minor companions, this is in agreement with a direct evolutionary connection between the two populations.
NuSTAR Detection of X-Ray Heating Events in the Quiet Sun
Authors: Kuhar Matej , Krucker Säm , Glesener Lindsay , Hannah Iain G. , Grefenstette Brian W. , Smith David M. , Hudson Hugh S. , White Stephen M. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The explanation of the coronal heating problem potentially lies in the existence of nanoflares, numerous small-scale heating events occurring across the whole solar disk. In this Letter, we present the first imaging spectroscopy X-ray observations of three quiet Sun flares during the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope ARray (NuSTAR) solar campaigns on 2016 July 26 and 2017 March 21, concurrent with the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (SDO/AIA) observations. Two of the three events showed time lags of a few minutes between peak X-ray and extreme ultraviolet emissions. Isothermal fits with rather low temperatures in the range 3.2–4.1 MK and emission measures of (0.6–15) × 1044 cm−3 describe their spectra well, resulting in thermal energies in the range (2–6) × 1026 erg. NuSTAR spectra did not show any signs of a nonthermal or higher temperature component. However, as the estimated upper limits of (hidden) nonthermal energy are comparable to the thermal energy estimates, the lack of a nonthermal component in the observed spectra is not a constraining result. The estimated Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) classes from the fitted values of temperature and emission measure fall between 1/1000 and 1/100 A class level, making them eight orders of magnitude fainter in soft X-ray flux than the largest solar flares.