bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pyrosequencing versus methylation-specific PCR for assessment of MGMT methylation in tumor and blood samples of glioblastoma patients
Authors: Estival Anna , Sanz Carolina , Ramirez Jose-Luis , Velarde Jose Maria , Domenech Marta , Carrato Cristina , de las Peñas Ramón , Gil-Gil Miguel , Sepúlveda Juan , Armengol Roser , Cardiel Isaac , Berrocal Alfonso , Luque Raquel , Herrero Ana , Balana Carmen 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCirculating biomarkers in blood may provide an interesting alternative to risky tissue biopsies in the diagnosis and follow-up of glioblastoma patients. We have assessed MGMT methylation status in blood and tissue samples from unresected glioblastoma patients who had been included in the randomized GENOM-009 trial. Paired blood and tissue samples were assessed by methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and pyrosequencing (PYR). After establishing the minimum PYR cut-off that could yield a significant difference in overall survival, we assessed the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value (NPV) of the analyses. Methylation could be detected in cfDNA by both MSP and PYR but with low concordance with results in tissue. Sensitivity was low for both methods (31% and 38%, respectively), while specificity was higher for MSP in blood than for PYR in plasma (96% vs 76%) and NPV was similar (56 vs 57%). Concordance of results in tissue by MSP and PYR was 84.3% (P < 0.001) and correlated with outcome. We conclude that detection of cfDNA in the blood of glioblastoma patients can be an alternative when tumor tissue is not available but methods for the detection of cfDNA in blood must improve before it can replace analysis in tumor tissue.
The Gaia-ESO survey: Calibrating a relationship between age and the [C/N] abundance ratio with open clusters
Authors: Casali G. , Magrini L. , Tognelli E. , Jackson R. , Jeffries R. D. , Lagarde N. , Tautvaišienė G. , Masseron T. , Degl’Innocenti S. , Prada Moroni P. G. , Kordopatis G. , Pancino E. , Randich S. , Feltzing S. , Sahlholdt C. , Spina L. , Friel E. , Roccatagliata V. , Sanna N. , Bragaglia A. , Drazdauskas A. , Mikolaitis Š. , Minkevičiūtė R. , Stonkutė E. , Chorniy Y. , Bagdonas V. , Jimenez-Esteban F. , Martell S. , Van der Swaelmen M. , Gilmore G. , Vallenari A. , Bensby T. , Koposov S. E. , Korn A. , Worley C. , Smiljanic R. , Bergemann M. , Carraro G. , Damiani F. , Prisinzano L. , Bonito R. , Franciosini E. , Gonneau A. , Hourihane A. , Jofre P. , Lewis J. , Morbidelli L. , Sacco G. , Sousa S. G. , Zaggia S. , Lanzafame A. C. , Heiter U. , Frasca A. , Bayo A. 
Published: July 2019

Context. In the era of large high-resolution spectroscopic surveys such as Gaia-ESO and APOGEE, high-quality spectra can contribute to our understanding of the Galactic chemical evolution by providing abundances of elements that belong to the different nucleosynthesis channels, and also by providing constraints to one of the most elusive astrophysical quantities: stellar age.
Aims. Some abundance ratios, such as [C/N], have been proven to be excellent indicators of stellar ages. We aim at providing an empirical relationship between stellar ages and [C/N] using open star clusters, observed by the Gaia-ESO and APOGEE surveys, as calibrators.
Methods. We used stellar parameters and abundances from the Gaia-ESO Survey and APOGEE Survey of the Galactic field and open cluster stars. Ages of star clusters were retrieved from the literature sources and validated using a common set of isochrones. We used the same isochrones to determine for each age and metallicity the surface gravity at which the first dredge-up and red giant branch bump occur. We studied the effect of extra-mixing processes in our sample of giant stars, and we derived the mean [C/N] in evolved stars, including only stars without evidence of extra mixing. By combining the Gaia-ESO and APOGEE samples of open clusters, we derived a linear relationship between [C/N] and (logarithmic) cluster ages.
Results. We apply our relationship to selected giant field stars in the Gaia-ESO and APOGEE surveys. We find an age separation between thin- and thick-disc stars and age trends within their populations, with an increasing age towards lower metallicity populations.
Conclusions. With this empirical relationship, we are able to provide an age estimate for giant stars in which C and N abundances are measured. For giant stars, the isochrone fitting method is indeed less sensitive than for dwarf stars at the turn-off. Our method can therefore be considered as an additional tool to give an independent estimate of the age of giant stars. The uncertainties in their ages is similar to those obtained using isochrone fitting for dwarf stars.
Detection of Startle-Type Epileptic Seizures using Machine Learning Technique
Authors: Balakrishnan Pushpa , Hemalatha S. , Keshav Dinesh Nayak Shroff 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder characterized by seizures and can lead to life-threatening consequences. The electroencephalogram (EEG) is a diagnostic test used to analyze brain activity in various neurological conditions including epilepsy and interpreted by the clinician for appropriate diagnosis. However, the process of EEG analysis for diagnosis can be automated using machine learning algorithms (MLAs) to aid the clinician. The objective of the study was to test different algorithms that could be used for the detection of seizures.
Materials and Methods Video EEG (vEEG) was collected from subjects diagnosed to have episodes of seizures. The epilepsy dataset thus obtained was subjected to empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and the signal was decomposed into intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). The first five levels of decomposition were considered for analysis as per the established protocol. Statistical features such as interquartile range (IQR), entropy, and mean absolute deviation (MAD) were extracted from these IMFs.
Results In this study, different MLAs such as nearest neighbor (NN), naïve Bayes (NB), and support vector machines (SVMs) were used to distinguish between normal (interictal) and abnormal (ictal) states. The demonstrated accuracy rates were 97.32% for NN, 99.02% for NB, and 93.75% for SVM.
Conclusion Based on this accuracy and sensitivity, it may be posited that the NB classifier provides significantly better results for the detection of abnormal signals indicating that MLA can detect the seizure with better accuracy.
Rivaroxaban versus Aspirin in Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism: A Meta-Analysis of 9 Randomized Controlled Trials comprising 7,656 Patients
Authors: Xie Jian , Jiang Mingyang , Lin Yunni , Deng Huachu , Xie Xiaoyong , Li Lang 
Published: July 2019

Aim This article evaluates the preventive effects of rivaroxaban versus aspirin on venous thromboembolism (VTE) through meta-analysis of recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Methods RCTs were retrieved from medical literature databases. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to compare the primary and safety endpoints.
Results In total, 9 trials (11 trial comparisons) were retrieved which contained 7,656 patients. Among these patients, 4,383 patients (57.2%) received rivaroxaban, whereas 3,273 patients (42.8%) received aspirin. Compared with aspirin, rivaroxaban significantly reduced VTE (1.3% vs. 3.5%) (RR: 0.36, 95% CI, 0.26–0.48, I
2 = 27.9%), but significantly increased nonmajor bleeding (11.5% vs. 7.5%) (RR: 1.28, 95% CI, 1.13–1.44, I
2 = 38.6%). There were no significant differences in the all-cause mortality (0.3% vs. 0.3%) (RR: 0.75, 95% CI, 0.35–1.61, I
2 = 32.0%) and major bleeding (0.3% vs. 0.4%) (RR: 0.81, 95% CI, 0.42–1.55, I
2 = 33.7%) between the two groups.
Conclusion This meta-analysis indicated that rivaroxaban can significantly reduce the incidence of VTE when compared with aspirin. The preventive effect of rivaroxaban on VTE was more potent than that of aspirin. However, rivaroxaban had some negative side effects to patients such as nonmajor bleeding compared to aspirin.
Objective Selection Criteria between ALT and Radial Forearm Flap in Oral Soft Tissues Reconstruction
Authors: Benanti Elisa , Starnoni Marta , Spaggiari Antonio , Pinelli Massimo , De Santis Giorgio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDifferent locoregional and free flaps were described for oral soft tissues reconstruction after oncological resections; however, free flaps remain the first choice. Among free flaps, the radial forearm flap (RFF) and the anterolateral thigh perforator flap (ALT) are preferred the most. The lack of standardization of the flap choice leaves the selection to the surgeon's experience. The purpose of our observational study is to provide an algorithm to support the flap choice for the reconstruction of oral soft tissues. Sixty patients with squamous cell carcinoma of oral soft tissues were enrolled in our study. All the patients underwent preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure the three-dimensional size of the tumor. During the follow-up, the patients were evaluated by using the University of Washington-Quality of Life Questionnaire. The questionnaire score was better for small tumors and worse for large tumors in both functional and relational fields. We observed that most of the overlapping results were obtained for small defects and the choice of RFF, as well as for large defects and the use of ALT. We observed that in the preoperative time, it is possible to select which flap between radial forearm and ALT is more appropriate for oral soft tissues defects reconstruction, according to the size of the tumor evaluated by MRI. We propose a decisional algorithm that suggests the type of flap to use between ALT and RFF.
Quality Initiative Using Theory of Change and Visual Analytics to Improve Controlled Substance Documentation Discrepancies in the Operating Room
Authors: Dolan Jenny E. , Lonsdale Hannah , Ahumada Luis M. , Patel Amish , Samuel Jibin , Jalali Ali , Peck Jacquelin , DeRosa JoAnn C. , Rehman Mohamed , Varughese Anna M. , Fernandez Allison M. 
Published: July 2019

Background Discrepancies in controlled substance documentation are common and can lead to legal and regulatory repercussions. We introduced a visual analytics dashboard to assist in a quality improvement project to reduce the discrepancies in controlled substance documentation in the operating room (OR) of our free-standing pediatric hospital.
Methods Visual analytics were applied to collected documentation discrepancy audit data and were used to track progress of the project, to motivate the OR team, and in analyzing where further improvements could be made. This was part of a seven-step improvement plan based on the Theory of Change with a logic model framework approach.
Results The introduction of the visual analytics dashboard contributed a 24% improvement in controlled substance documentation discrepancy. The project overall reduced documentation errors by 71% over the studied period.
Conclusion We used visual analytics to simultaneously analyze, monitor, and interpret vast amounts of data and present them in an appealing format. In conjunction with quality-improvement principles, this led to a significant improvement in controlled substance documentation discrepancies.
Neonatal Jaundice: The Other Side of the Coin in the Development of Allergy
Authors: Safar Heba , Elsary Asmaa Y. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjective The current study aims to assess the association between different characteristics of neonatal jaundice and common types of allergic diseases in childhood (as bronchial asthma, acute urticaria, and allergic rhinitis).Study Design A case-control study is conducted on 300 allergic children and 300 healthy children as a control group at Fayoum University Hospital. The study was conducted over a span of 2 years, from May 2016 to May 2018. Bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, and acute urticaria diagnoses were based on physician clinical examination using specific guidelines for each. For the data regarding children's demographic and maternal characteristics, a structured questionnaire was used. Regarding neonatal jaundice, data were collected from the patients' hospital records.Results Children with neonatal jaundice are more likely to develop allergy with 57% higher than neonates without jaundice. Early onset jaundice and treatment by phototherapy have statistically significant association with the development of allergic diseases.Conclusion Different aspects of neonatal jaundice are associated with the development of common allergic diseases in children.
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: State of the Art in Translating Experimental Research to the Bedside
Authors: Antounians Lina , Figueira Rebeca Lopes , Sbragia Lourenço , Zani Augusto 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCongenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a devastating disease that still carries a high mortality and morbidity rate. Poor outcomes for fetuses and infants with CDH are mainly related to pulmonary hypoplasia (PH) and pulmonary vascular remodeling that leads to pulmonary hypertension (PHTN). Over the last five decades, research efforts have focused on modeling CDH not only to study the pathophysiology of the diaphragmatic defect, pulmonary hypoplasia, and pulmonary hypertension, but also to identify therapies that would promote lung growth and maturation, and correct vascular remodeling. As CDH is a multifactorial condition whose etiology remains unknown, there is not a single model of CDH, rather several ones that replicate different aspects of this disease. While small animals like the mouse and the rat have mainly been used to uncover biological pathways underlying the diaphragmatic defect and poor lung growth, larger animals like the lamb and the rabbit models have been instrumental for pursuing medical and surgical interventions. Overall, the use of animal models has indeed advanced our knowledge on CDH and helped us test innovative therapeutic options. For example, the lamb model of CDH has been the paradigm for testing fetal surgical procedures, including tracheal occlusion, which has been translated to clinical use. In this review, we outline the induction protocols of CDH in animals with the use of chemicals, dietary changes, genetic alterations, and surgical maneuvers, and we describe the studies that have translated experimental results to the bedside.
The Metabolites of the Dietary Flavonoid Quercetin Possess Potent Antithrombotic Activity, and Interact with Aspirin to Enhance Antiplatelet Effects
Authors: Stainer Alexander R. , Sasikumar Parvathy , Bye Alexander P. , Unsworth Amanda J. , Holbrook Lisa M. , Tindall Marcus , Lovegrove Julie A. , Gibbins Jonathan M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractQuercetin, a dietary flavonoid, has been reported to possess antiplatelet activity. However, its extensive metabolism following ingestion has resulted in difficulty elucidating precise mechanisms of action. In this study, we aimed to characterize the antiplatelet mechanisms of two methylated metabolites of quercetin—isorhamnetin and tamarixetin—and explore potential interactions with aspirin. Isorhamnetin and tamarixetin inhibited human platelet aggregation, and suppressed activatory processes including granule secretion, integrin αIIbβ3 function, calcium mobilization, and spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk)/linker for activation of T cells (LAT) phosphorylation downstream of glycoprotein VI with similar potency to quercetin. All three flavonoids attenuated thrombus formation in an in vitro microfluidic model, and isoquercetin, a 3-O-glucoside of quercetin, inhibited thrombosis in a murine laser injury model. Isorhamnetin, tamarixetin, and quercetin enhanced the antiplatelet effects of aspirin more-than-additively in a plate-based aggregometry assay, reducing aspirin IC50 values by an order of magnitude, with this synergy maintained in a whole blood test of platelet function. Our data provide mechanistic evidence for the antiplatelet activity of two quercetin metabolites, isorhamnetin and tamarixetin, and suggest a potential antithrombotic role for these flavonoids. In combination with their interactions with aspirin, this may represent a novel avenue of investigation for the development of new antithrombotic strategies and management of current therapies.
Intrapartum Group B Streptococcus Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Penicillin Allergic Pregnant Women
Authors: Desravines Nerlyne , Venkatesh Kartik K. , Hopkins Austin , Waldron Jamie , Grant Megan , McGuire Colleen , Boggess Kim A. 
Published: July 2019

Objectives To estimate the prevalence of and identify modifiable risk factors for alternative antibiotics for group B Streptococcus (GBS) prophylaxis in penicillin-allergic women.
Methods Retrospective cohort study of pregnant women within a health care network from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2017. Included women were GBS colonized, delivered at ≥ 37 weeks' gestation, and reported penicillin/cephalosporin allergy. The primary outcome was the use of alternate antibiotics GBS prophylaxis, defined per Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines as antibiotics other than penicillin, ampicillin, or cefazolin.
Results We identified 190 GBS-colonized pregnant women self-reporting a penicillin/cephalosporin allergy; 5% reported anaphylaxis, 44% high-risk symptoms (isolated hives, shortness of breath, swelling, or vomiting), and 51% low-risk symptoms (isolated rash, itching, or nausea). Two-thirds (63%) had alternative antibiotic prophylaxis. In adjusted analyses, nonwhite race (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.42; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19–4.94) and high-risk allergic reaction (aOR: 2.42; 95% CI: 1.30–4.49) were associated with higher odds of alternative antibiotics prophylaxis compared with low-risk allergic reaction. Low-risk allergic reaction group was less likely to receive alternative antibiotic prophylaxis (aOR: 0.36; 95 CI%: 0.19–0.66).
Conclusion Alternative antibiotic use for GBS prophylaxis is frequent with penicillin/cephalosporin allergies. Efforts to confirm allergy and perform penicillin hypersensitivity testing may increase compliance with guidelines for antibiotic administration.
Steric microstructure of mixed-species biofilm formed by interaction between Lactobacillus plantarum ML11-11 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Hirayama Satoru , Nojima Natsumi , Furukawa Soichi , Ogihara Hirokazu , Morinaga Yasushi 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
The mixed-species biofilm of Lactobacillus plantarum ML11-11 (LAB) and yeast had a double-layered structure with the ground layer composed of LAB cells, and the upper layer composed of coaggregates of LAB and yeast cells. The ability of LAB to adhere to both, the solid surface and the yeast cells, enabled the formation and maintenance of the biofilm as an ecosystem for LAB and yeast.
Plug flow reactor model of the plasma chemical conversion of CO2
Authors: Kotov V , Koelman P M J 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A 1D plug flow model suitable for describing the CO2 conversion into CO in microwave plasma reactors is proposed. The model is applied together with the Antwerp data set for the CO2 reaction kinetics to calculate parameter scans for a realistic experimental set up. The energy re-distribution pathways in the model calculations are analyzed. The analysis shows that despite the input power being initially deposited mainly into vibrational states the fast vibrational-translational (VT) transfer leads to dissociation of CO2 predominantly via the thermal quenching mechanism. Solutions with mitigated VT-losses can be obtained by increasing the specific input power–power per unit volume. In this regime the energy efficiency starts to be constrained by reverse processes.
Optimal common resource in majorization-based resource theories
Authors: Bosyk G M , Bellomo G , Holik F , Freytes H , Sergioli G 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We address the problem of finding the optimal common resource for an arbitrary family of target states in quantum resource theories based on majorization, that is, theories whose conversion law between resources is determined by a majorization relationship, such as it happens with entanglement, coherence or purity. We provide a conclusive answer to this problem by appealing to the completeness property of the majorization lattice. We give a proof of this property that relies heavily on the more geometric construction provided by the Lorenz curves, which allows to explicitly obtain the corresponding infimum and supremum. Our framework includes the case of possibly non-denumerable sets of target states (i.e. targets sets described by continuous parameters). In addition, we show that a notion of approximate majorization, which has recently found application in quantum thermodynamics, is in close relation with the completeness of this lattice. Finally, we provide some examples of optimal common resources within the resource theory of quantum coherence.
Impact Metformin and Insulin Therapy on Parathyroid Hormone and 25 (OH) Vitamin D in Diabetic Post-menopausal Iraqi Women
Authors: Roomi Ali B. , AL-Salih Raid M. H. , Ali Saher A. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of insulin therapy and metformin on parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25 (OH) Vitamin D and alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) in diabetic post-menopausal women. In this case-control study, 200 individuals were divided into 4 groups each group containing 50 patients, (CG) group were healthy post-menopausal, (OP) group were post-menopausal with osteoporosis (OP), (T2D insulin) group were post-menopausal with diabetic and treated insulin once daily and (T2D-metformin) group were post-menopausal with diabetic and treated metformin (500 mg) twice daily. The results revealed that serum for fasting blood glucose (F.B.G), hemostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMO-RI), 25(OH) Vitamin D, and ALP demonstrated a significant different in (T2D-insulin and T2D-metformin) group comparison with (OP) group. Whereas, the serum PTH, and total calcium was a significant reduce in (T2D-insulin and T2D-metformin) group comparison with (OP) group. Furthermore, the inorganic phosphate non-significant decrees in (T2D-insulin and T2D-metformin) group comparison with (OP) group. The final concluded that insulin therapy increases bone turnover biomarkers more than metformin therapy.