bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The distributional impact of taxing sugar-sweetened beverages: findings from an extended cost-effectiveness analysis in South Africa
Authors: Saxena Akshar , Stacey Nicholas , Puech Paula Del Ray , Mudara Caroline , Hofman Karen , Verguet Stéphane 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundFacing increasing obesity prevalence and obesity-related disease burden, South Africa has devised an obesity prevention strategy that includes a recently implemented tax on the sugar content of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB). We assess the potential distributional impact (across socioeconomic groups) of this tax on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incidence and associated mortality and its financial burden on households.MethodsWe conducted an extended cost-effectiveness analysis of the new 10% tax on SSBs in South Africa, and estimated: the averted premature deaths related to T2DM, the financial benefits to households (out-of-pocket (OOP) medical costs and indirect costs due to productivity losses averted), the increased government tax revenues and healthcare savings for the government, all across income quintiles.FindingsA 10% SSB tax increase would avert an estimated 8000 T2DM-related premature deaths over 20 years, with most deaths averted among the third and fourth income quintiles. The government would save about South African rand (ZAR) 2 billion (US$140 million) in subsidised healthcare over 20 years; and would raise ZAR6 billion (US$450 million) in tax revenues per annum. The bottom two quintiles would bear the smallest tax burden increase (36% of the additional taxes). The bottom two income quintiles would also have the lowest savings in OOP payments due to significant subsidisation provided by government healthcare. Lastly, an estimated 32 000 T2DM-related cases of catastrophic expenditures and 12 000 cases of poverty would be averted.ConclusionsSSB taxation would have a substantial distributional impact on obesity-related premature deaths, cost savings to the government and the financial outcomes of South Africa’s population.
Double burden or single duty to care? Health innovators’ perspectives on environmental considerations in health innovation design
Authors: Rivard Lysanne , Lehoux Pascale , Miller Fiona A 
Published: August 2019

ObjectivesThe healthcare sector lags behind other industries in efforts to reduce its environmental footprint. This study aims to better understand how those who design new health technologies (devices, technical aids and information technologies) perceive and address environmental considerations in their practice.MethodsWe conducted in-depth interviews with engineers, industrial designers, entrepreneurs and clinicians (n=31) involved in the design, development and distribution of health innovations in Quebec and Ontario (Canada). A qualitative thematic data analysis identified similarities and variations across respondents’ viewpoints.ResultsInnovators’ views emphasise the following: (1) the double burden of supporting patient care and reducing the environmental impact of healthcare; (2) systemic challenges to integrating environmental considerations in health innovation design, development and use and (3) solutions to foster the development of environmental-friendly health innovations. Although innovators tend to prioritise patient care over the environment, they also call for public policies that can transform these two imperatives into a single duty to care.ConclusionsHealth innovators are uniquely positioned to tackle challenges and develop creative solutions. Policymakers and regulators should, however, actively steer the healthcare industry towards a more sustainable modus operandi by giving full attention to environmental considerations in health innovation design.
Tissue and Plasma EGFR Mutation Analysis in the FLAURA Trial: Osimertinib versus Comparator EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor as First-Line Treatment in Patients with EGFR-Mutated Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Gray Jhanelle E. , Okamoto Isamu , Sriuranpong Virote , Vansteenkiste Johan , Imamura Fumio , Lee Jong Seok , Pang Yong-Kek , Cobo Manuel , Kasahara Kazuo , Cheng Ying , Nogami Naoyuki , Cho Eun Kyung , Su Wu Chou , Zhang Guili , Huang Xiangning , Li-Sucholeiki Xiaocheng , Lentrichia Brian , Dearden Simon , Jenkins Suzanne , Saggese Matilde , Rukazenkov Yuri , Ramalingam Suresh S. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
To assess the utility of the cobas EGFR Mutation Test, with tissue and plasma, for first-line osimertinib therapy for patients with EGFR-mutated (EGFRm; Ex19del and/or L858R) advanced or metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from the FLAURA study (NCT02296125).

Experimental Design:
Tumor tissue EGFRm status was determined at screening using the central cobas tissue test or a local tissue test. Baseline circulating tumor (ct)DNA EGFRm status was retrospectively determined with the central cobas plasma test.

Results:
Of 994 patients screened, 556 were randomized (289 and 267 with central and local EGFR test results, respectively) and 438 failed screening. Of those randomized from local EGFR test results, 217 patients had available central test results; 211/217 (97%) were retrospectively confirmed EGFRm positive by central cobas tissue test. Using reference central cobas tissue test results, positive percent agreements with cobas plasma test results for Ex19del and L858R detection were 79% [95% confidence interval (CI), 74–84] and 68% (95% CI, 61–75), respectively. Progression-free survival (PFS) superiority with osimertinib over comparator EGFR-TKI remained consistent irrespective of randomization route (central/local EGFRm-positive tissue test). In both treatment arms, PFS was prolonged in plasma ctDNA EGFRm-negative (23.5 and 15.0 months) versus -positive patients (15.2 and 9.7 months).

Conclusions:
Our results support utility of cobas tissue and plasma testing to aid selection of patients with EGFRm advanced NSCLC for first-line osimertinib treatment. Lack of EGFRm detection in plasma was associated with prolonged PFS versus patients plasma EGFRm positive, potentially due to patients having lower tumor burden.
La quête des κειµήλια dans l’épopée homérique
Authors: Patera Ioanna 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The term κειµήλιον is usually translated as treasure or heirloom. It would designate treasured precious objects conveying the memory and history of their past owners. In the Homeric poems, the κειµήλια are signs of the wealth and status of those who own them. They are described as many and beautiful, stored in the treasures of palaces. They are given as valued gifts to new or old friends and as ransoms. Κειµήλια do not, moreover, form a definite category of specific types of objects. Their value becomes clear in the hierarchy of prizes awarded in contests. Heroes look after them and travel to collect them. The uses of the κειµήλια and of the various terms used according to circumstances to connote memory (µνήµατα), gift giving (δῶρα), or possession and profit (κτήµατα/ κτέανα) allow reconsidering the category of the κειµήλια as well as the behaviour of the Homeric heroes.
The Influence of Breastfeeding Peer Support on Breastfeeding Satisfaction Among Japanese Mothers: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hongo Hiroko , Green Joseph , Shibanuma Akira , Nanishi Keiko , Jimba Masamine 
Published: August 2019

Background Peer support may help mothers to feel satisfied with their breastfeeding and to continue breastfeeding. However, previous researchers have not examined the influence of peer support on the three breastfeeding-satisfaction domains. Research aim We aimed to examine the influence of telephone-based peer support on the following three domains of breastfeeding satisfaction among Japanese mothers: maternal satisfaction, perceived benefit to the infant, and lifestyle compatibility with breastfeeding. Methods Breastfeeding mothers were recruited at four maternity hospitals in Japan to participate in a randomized controlled trial. Data were collected 1 month and 4 months postpartum. Among all of the participants ( N = 114), those in the intervention group ( n = 60) received telephone-based peer support until 4 months postpartum, and participants in the control group ( n = 54) received conventional support. Breastfeeding satisfaction was measured using the short version of the revised Japanese Maternal Breastfeeding Evaluation Scale. Generalized estimating equations and effect size analyses were used to examine the influence of the intervention. Results On the subscale measuring lifestyle compatibility, participants with peer support had a higher score than those without peer support: regression coefficient 1.54 (95% confidence interval [0.03, 3.04]). The effect size was 0.40 standard deviations among participants with low and mid-level scores at baseline. Conclusion Although peer support did not change maternal satisfaction or perceived benefit to the infant, it did increase lifestyle compatibility with breastfeeding among these Japanese mothers. This is evidence in favor of increasing the use of peer support.
Clinical Risk Factors of Asymptomatic Deep Venous Thrombosis in Patients With Acute Stroke
Authors: Wang Yi , Shi Yu , Dong Yi , Dong Qiang , Ye Ting , Fang Kun 
Published: August 2019

Background: Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a common complication after stroke. It is easy to identify the patients with symptomatic DVT; however, the tool for asymptomatic high-risk population needs to be further explored. Our aim was to explore the risk factors of acute stroke patients with asymptomatic DVT. Methods: We performed a prospective observation study among 452 patients with acute stroke who had a stroke within 14 days. Ultrasound examination of deep veins was repeatedly performed in each patient for DVT every 7 days during his admission. The dynamic rate of DVT in acute stroke was analyzed. Then risk factors were compared between DVT patients and non-DVT patients. The predictive model was explored based on thr cox proportion model. Results: Asymptomatic DVT was detected in 52 (11.5%) patients with stroke and 85.9% of thrombi were identified in their distal veins. Patients with longer length of stay ( P = .004), more severe stroke ( P = 0.001), higher level of D-dimer ( P = .003), and higher blood glucose level were associated with higher risk of DVT, while patients with higher triglyceride level ( P = .003) were less likely to have DVT, after adjusting age and sex. With the median of D-dimer (0.38 FEU mg/L) as cutoff value. Patients with higher level of D-dimer might have a higher risk of DVT with a significant statistical difference. Also, the severity of stroke differed DVT risk in Kaplan-Meier model. Using cox-proportion hazard regression model, asymptomatic DVT could be predicted (area under the curve 0.852). Conclusion: Our data showed that asymptomatic DVT was common in patients with acute stroke and most of thrombosis occurred in distal veins. Combination of clinical manifestation and laboratory results might be helpful predict DVT. DVT prophylaxis should be condisdered in high risk.
Spectrum of conjunctival tumours in a Spanish series: A review of 462 cases
Authors: García Onrubia Luis , Pacheco-Callirgos Gabriela Estefanía , Portero-Benito Alejandro , García-Álvarez Ciro , Carreño Salas Ester , Muñoz-Moreno M Fe , García-Lagarto Elena , Saornil-Álvarez María Antonia 
Published: August 2019

Introduction: To report the spectrum and frequency of conjunctiva tumours in an ocular oncology unit analysing the clinical profile of benign, precancerous and malignant conjunctival lesions. Methods: A retrospective case series of 462 consecutive patients diagnosed at the Ocular Oncology Unit of the University Hospital of Valladolid from 1992 to 2017. Results: Among 462 consecutive patients, the tumour was classified as melanocytic in 252 (54.5%) and non-melanocytic in 210 (45.5). Two hundred forty-eight males (mean age 51.63 (SD = 23.20)) and 214 females (mean age 48.27 (SD = 21.77)) were included. Mean patient age at diagnosis was 50.07 years (range = 1-92 years). The majority of tumours were benign (n = 307 (66.5%)) followed by precancerous (n = 103 (22.3%)) and finally by malignant ones (n = 52 (11.3%)). Benign lesions were predominantly found in younger individuals rather than premalignant (p < 0.05) and malignant ones (p < 0.05). Most of the melanocytic lesions were benign (88.5%), most epithelial ones were precancerous (61.4%) and most lymphoid lesions were malignant (56.3%). Tumours involving one or four quadrants of the ocular surface usually were benign, unlike tumours involving three quadrants that were malignant (16 (48.5%) p < 0.05). The majority of benign lesions were detected on females (n = 163 (53.1%)) by routine examination (n = 178 (86.4%)). However, main complaint in malignant tumours was the growth of the lesion (n = 39 (76.5%)). Conclusion: Most of the conjunctival tumours were melanocytic, mostly benign, closely followed by those of epithelial origin, with a predominance of precancerous lesions. Melanocytic, epithelial and lymphoid tumours accounted for over 90% of cases. A trend was identified with benign lesions being found in younger female patients on routine examination.
Whole-transcriptome sequencing reveals heightened inflammation and defective host defence responses in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Peng Yang , Zi Xiao-Xue , Tian Teng-Fei , Lee Bernett , Lum Josephine , Tang See Aik , Tan Kai Sen , Qiu Qian-Hui , Ye Jing , Shi Li , Guan Wei-Jie , Andiappan Anand Kumar , Wang De Yun 
Published: August 2019

IntroductionThe pathways underlying chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) are unclear. We conducted genome-wide gene expression analysis to determine pathways and candidate gene sets associated with CRSwNP.MethodsWe performed whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing on 42 polyp (CRSwNP-NP) and 33 paired nonpolyp inferior turbinate (CRSwNP-IT) tissues from patients with CRSwNP and 28 inferior turbinate samples from non-CRS controls (CS-IT). We analysed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and the gene sets that were enriched in functional pathways.ResultsPrincipal component-informed analysis revealed cilium function and immune regulation as the two main Gene Ontology (GO) categories differentiating CRSwNP patients from controls. We detected 6182 and 1592 DEGs between CRSwNP-NPversusCS-IT and between CRSwNP-NPversusCRSwNP-IT tissues, respectively. Atopy status did not have a major impact on gene expression in various tissues. GO analysis on these DEGs implicated extracellular matrix (ECM) disassembly,O-glycan processing, angiogenesis and host viral response in CRSwNP pathogenesis. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified significant enrichment of type 1 interferon signalling and axonal guidance canonical pathways, angiogenesis, and collagen and fibrotic changes in CRSwNP (CRSwNP-NP and CRSwNP-IT) tissues compared with CS-IT. Finally, gene set enrichment analysis implicated sets of genes co-regulated in processes associated with inflammatory response and aberrant cell differentiation in polyp formation.ConclusionsGene signatures involved in defective host defences (including cilia dysfunction and immune dysregulation), inflammation and abnormal metabolism of ECM are implicated in CRSwNP. Functional validation of these gene expression patterns will open opportunities for CRSwNP therapeutic interventions such as biologics and immunomodulators.
Predictors of Clinical Success After Surgery for Primary Aldosteronism in the Japanese Nationwide Cohort
Authors: Morisaki Mitsuha , Kurihara Isao , Itoh Hiroshi , Naruse Mitsuhide , Takeda Yoshiyu , Katabami Takuyuki , Ichijo Takamasa , Wada Norio , Yoshimoto Takanobu , Ogawa Yoshihiro , Sone Masakatsu , Tsuiki Mika , Shibata Hirotaka , Kawashima Junji , Fujita Megumi , Watanabe Minemori , Matsuda Yuichi , Kobayashi Hiroki , Suzuki Tomoko ,   JPAS Study Group
Published: August 2019

AbstractContextAldosterone-producing adenomas are a curable subtype of primary aldosteronism (PA); however, hypertension persists in some patients after adrenalectomy.ObjectiveTo identify factors associated with, and develop prediction models for, blood pressure (BP) normalization or improvement after adrenalectomy.DesignRetrospective analysis of patients treated between 2006 and 2018, with a 6-month follow-up.SettingA nationwide, 29-center Japanese registry encompassing 15 university hospitals and 14 city hospitals.PatientsWe categorized 574 participants in the Japan Primary Aldosteronism Study, who were diagnosed with PA and underwent adrenalectomy, as BP normalized or improved, on the basis of their presentations at 6 months postsurgery.Main Outcome MeasureThe rate of complete, partial, and absent clinical success. Predictive factors related to BP outcomes after PA surgery were also evaluated.ResultsComplete clinical success was achieved in 32.6% and partial clinical success was achieved in 53.0% of the patients at 6 months postsurgery. The following five variables were independent predictors for BP normalization: ≤7 years of hypertension, body mass index ≤25 kg/m2, no more than one antihypertensive medication, absence of medical history of diabetes, and female sex. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve was 0.797 in the BP normalization model.ConclusionWe established models that predicted postoperative BP normalization in patients with PA. These should be useful for shared decision-making regarding adrenalectomy for PA.
A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DO ORÇAMENTO SIGILOSO PARA A EFICIÊNCIA DAS LICITAÇÕES E CONTRATAÇÕES PÚBLICAS: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DAS DECISÕES DO TCU
Authors: Forni João Paulo Gualberto , Varella Marcelo Dias 
Published: August 2019

A busca por mais efi ciência no âmbito das licitações e das contratações públicas deu origem ao Regime Diferenciado de Contratações Públicas (RDC). Uma das inovações trazidas por essa norma é o sigilo dos orçamentos. O presente trabalho analisa a contribuição dessa prática para a efi ciência das licitações e das contratações públicas, defendendo sua constitucionalidade e sua adequação do ponto de vista da teoria econômica e da jurisprudência do Tribunal de Contas da União (TCU), com exceção para o regime de contratação integrada. O texto faz uma análise crítica da teoria jurídica recente e das decisões do TCU e do Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia sobre a efetividade dos modelos de contratação criados a partir das experiências com a Copa do Mundo e com as Olimpíadas. Conclui-se que, embora existam limites importantes nos modelos adotados, estes apresentam vantagens comparativas importantes em relação à lógica anterior.
Possibilidades de abordagem dos poemas homéricos: arqueologia e linguística como “horizonte hermenêutico” das obras
Authors: Marques Gonçalves Ana Teresa , Miguel de Souza Marcelo 
Published: August 2019

as possibilidades de abordagem dos poemas homéricos são muitas e variadas. Desde aquelas que dialogam com linhas mais tradicionais de teoria literária, passando por estudos históricos, arqueologia, linguística e também filologia. As descobertas arqueológicas, durante os últimos dois séculos, tiveram importante impacto na ampliação e na própria interpretação tanto da Ilíada quanto da Odisseia. consideradas até meados do século XiX como obras ficcionais, toda sua compreensão foi alterada após as descobertas de h. Schliemann e a. Evans. além disso, a tradução do linear B micênico e as possíveis analogias com os chamados anais dos hititas nos possibilitaram interessantes ligações. Este artigo objetiva problematizar algumas dessas linhas de análise, visando relacionar tais descobertas com a expansão de um “horizonte hermenêutico” das obras para o historiador.
Palavras-chave: homero; arqueologia; linguística.
A Farsália, de Lucano, como obra historiográfica
Authors: Ribeiro Leite Leni 
Published: August 2019

Partindo das reflexões de Rao, Shulman e Subrahmanyam sobre a textura das narrativas históricas e do que aponta Vieira acerca dos princípios da épica romana como textos de caráter eminentemente historiográficos, procuramos neste artigo observar de que forma a Guerra civil de lucano se aproxima mais de uma narrativa historiográfica romana, a partir do que laird chama de “retórica da historiografia romana”, do que da epopeia vergiliana, tomada como exemplar. Para tanto, analisaremos trechos da obra de lucano em contraste com outras, como as de Plínio o Velho, Tito Lívio e Veleio Patérculo. com isso, pretendemos trazer um exemplo de como gêneros entendidos como eminentemente ficcionais, como a epopeia, podem ser considerados historiográficos em outras sociedades.
Palavras-chave: Farsália; lucano; épica histórica.
A poesia épica e a experiência trágica: o naufrágio de Sepúlveda
Authors: Do Amaral Felipe Cleber Vinicius 
Published: August 2019

A experiência trágica seria incompatível com a glória heroica a ponto de constituir um empecilho ao canto épico? Uma matéria que destacasse a fragilidade da condição humana impediria o deleite, contrariaria os protocolos do gênero e/ou seria desdobramento de um contexto histórico pessimista? Em que medida a manifestação do heroísmo dependeria dos dramas da finitude? Com o presente artigo, pretende-se responder a essas questões tomando como objeto o Naufrágio de Sepúlveda (1594), poema atribuído a Jerônimo Corte-Real.
Palavras-chave: poesia épica; experiência trágica; Naufrágio de Sepúlveda.
Os conjuntos regionais e o som do choro: a caracterização da performance no acompanhamento do choro
Authors: Ferreira de Paula Pessoa Felipe 
Published: August 2019

o trabalho tem por objetivo discutir o processo de formação do conjunto regional e como esse processo influenciou na formação de um modelo de performance no acompanhamento do choro. Propõe-se uma perspectiva histórica fundamentada nos fonogramas de choro desde o surgimento dos grupos e dos duos de violões, no início do século XX, à consolidação desse conjunto na década de 1930/1940, com o regional do Benedito lacerda. Uma das características principais da abordagem é o foco no modo de acompanhar dos duos de violão no contexto do conjunto regional, criando um modelo de performance que se formou e consolidou junto ao desenvolvimento do choro como uma prática musical inserida na então emergente indústria fonográfica. A principal fundamentação teórica para as análises das gravações foi o conceito de som, proposto por Delalande, que compreende como as mídias e a fonofixação permitem uma nova escuta do som, ampliando a concepção de timbre e da própria performance.
Palavras-chave: choro; conjunto regional; performance.
Pragmatic competence of heritage learners of Chinese and its relationship to social contact
Authors: Taguchi Naoko , Zhang Haomin , Li Qiong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate: (1) Chinese heritage learners’ (CHLs) pragmatic competence in comparison to foreign language learners of Chinese (CFLs) and (2) the relationship between CHLs’ pragmatic competence and their language contact in a range of social settings. Focal linguistic forms included sentence final particles (SFPs) and formulaic expressions (FORs). Sixty Chinese language learners in the intermediate- and advanced-level classes (31 CHLs and 29 CFLs) participated in the study. Participants completed a computerized listening comprehension task, a written production task, and a language contact questionnaire. Findings showed that CHLs outperformed CFLs in both comprehension and production of Chinese sentence final particles and formulaic expressions. The analysis of language contact questionnaire revealed that learners who reported a greater amount of interactive language contact achieved higher scores on the pragmatic tasks, regardless of the constructs and skill domains assessed.