bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Konsumsi fitoestrogen, persentase lemak tubuh dan siklus menstruasi pada wanita vegetarian
Authors: Rujiantina Ahaddini Septian , Widyastuti Nurmasari , Probosari Enny 
Published: January 2019

Latar Belakang : Prevalensi ketidakteraturan siklus menstruasi pada vegetarian sebesar 26,5%. Diet vegetarian merupakan pola makan yang membatasi produk hewani dan mengonsumsi produk makanan nabati seperti buah, sayur, kacang dan biji-bijian yang merupakan sumber fitoestrogen. Vegetarian memiliki persentase lemak tubuh lebih rendah dari nonvegetarian. Fitoestrogen dan persentase lemak tubuh dapat mempengaruhi kadar estrogen dalam tubuh dan mengakibatkan gangguan siklus menstruasi.Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan konsumsi fitoestrogen dan persentase lemak tubuh dengan siklus menstruasi pada wanita vegetarian.Metode : Desain penelitian cross sectional dengan 49 wanita vegetarian dipilih secara consecutive sampling. Persentase lemak tubuh diukur menggunakan Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). Asupan zat gizi diperoleh melalui Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionaire (SQFFQ) dan dianalisis menggunakan program software gizi. Aktivitas fisik diukur menggunakan International Physical Activity Questionaire (IPAQ). Data siklus menstruasi diperoleh melalui kuesioner. Data dianalisis dengan uji Chi Square dan uji Regresi Logistik Ganda.Hasil : Sebanyak 49,0% wanita vegetarian mengalami gangguan siklus menstruasi. Tidak ada hubungan antara asupan energi, kerbohidrat, lemak, protein, serat dan aktivitas fisik dengan siklus menstruasi (p>0,05). Terdapat hubungan antara konsumsi fitoestrogen, persentase lamk tubuh dan riwayat gangguan siklus menstruasi pada keluarga dengan siklus menstruasi (p<0,05). Konsumsi fitoestrogen berhubungan dengan kejadian gangguan siklus menstruasi setelah dikontrol dengan persentase lemak tubuh dan riwayat gangguan menstruasi pada keluarga (p<0,05).Simpulan : Konsumsi fitoestrogen, persentase lemak tubuh dan riwayat gangguan siklus menstruasi pada keluarga berhubungan dengan siklus menstruasi.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Gizi, Aktivitas Fisik dan Asupan Energi, Asupan Lemak dengan Kejadian Obesitas pada Remaja SMP
Authors: Dewi Putu Lina Paramitha , Kartini Apoina 
Published: January 2019

Latar belakang: Obesitas disebabkan karena aktivitas fisik yang kurang disamping asupan makanan padat energi yang berlebihan. Obesitas pada anak jika berlanjut sampai usia dewasa mempunyai faktor risiko hipertensi, hiperlipidemia, penyakit Jantung koroner, hiperinsulinemia dan Diabetes mellitus tipe II. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan gizi, aktivitas fisik, asupan lemak dan energi dengan kejadian obesitas pada remaja SMPN 11 Semarang Metode: Rancangan penelitian adalah case control yang dilakukan pada 60 remaja SMP usia 11–15 tahun di SMP Negeri 11 Semarang. Subyek dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi. Pemilihan sampel kasus melalui skrining dan memilih kontrol secara random dengan cara memilih siswa atau siswi kelas VII dan VIII yang obesitas sebagai kelompok kasus dan siswa-siswi kelas VII dan VIII yang tidak obesitas sebagai kelompok control. Uji statistik untuk melihat faktor risiko pengetahuan gizi, aktivitas fisik, asupan energi dan asupan lemak dengan menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil: Sebagian besar siswa (73.3%) mempunyai pengetahuan gizi baik, siswa dengan asupan energi lebih sebanyak 53.3%, asupan lemak lebih sebanyak 66.7%, dan yang termasuk aktivitas fisik ringan sebanyak 21.7%. Terdapat hubungan asupan energi, asupan lemak, dan aktivitas fisik dengan kejadian obesitas (p=0.000, p=0.006, p=0.000). Tidak terdapat hubungan pengetahuan gizi dengan kejadian obesitas. Kesimpulan: Tidak ada hubungan pengetahuan gizi dengan kejadian obesitas. Asupan energi, asupan lemak dan aktivitas fisik berhubungan dengan kejadian Obesitas.
HUBUNGAN LINGKAR PINGGANG, RASIO LINGKAR PINGGANG TERHADAP TINGGI BADAN DAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH DENGAN KADAR ASAM URAT WANITA USIA 45-55 TAHUN
Authors: Rizki Mawarni Uli , Probosari Enny , Nissa Choirun 
Published: January 2019

Background: Hiperuricemia is a risk factor of degenerative diseases and metabolic syndrome. Elevated levels of uric acid are known to be linked with central obesity. Obesity can be determined by anthropometric measurements such as waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio and Body mass index. This study aimed to determine the correlation of waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio and body mass index with uric acid levels in women aged 45-55 years old. Method: This was an observational study with the cross-sectional design. Forty-six subjects were selected using simple random sampling. The measured anthropometric indices were height, weight and waist circumference. Colorimetry method was used to measure blood uric acid levels. Data were analyzed by Fisher exact and Multiple Logistic Regression test. Result: A total of 19.6% (n=9) subjects had high uric acid levels. These subjects had waist circumferences of over 88 cm (37.5%), waist-to-height ratios that exceed 0.58 (31.6%) and body mass index >25,0 (25%).. There was a significant correlation between waist circumference with uric acid levels, with a prevalence ratio of 5.4 (CI 95% 1.13;25.8). On the contrary, there was no correlation between waist-to-height ratio and body mass index with uric acid levels. Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between waist circumference with uric acid levels. However, no correlation was found between waist to height ratio and body mass index with uric acid levels.
KEJADIAN RESISTENSI INSULIN PADA ANAK OBESITAS USIA 9-12 TAHUN DI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Asnelviana Hana , Sulchan Muhammad , Panunggal Binar 
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Obesity is caused by imbalance amount of energy intake and energy requirement of the body. Obesity in children has high risk to become obesity in adult and results in degenerative diseases. In obese children have higher of getting insulin resistance. This study was aimed to determine insulin resistance in obesity children aged 9-12 years in Semarang.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with two groups: height below the median-obesity circumference (TBBM-obesity) and height above the median-obesity (TBAM-obesity). Screening was done in 602 children aged 9-12 years in urban and suburban areas of Semarang. Nutritional status was determined with measurements of z-scores of height-for-age (HAZ) and waist circumference. To define insulin resistance were measured using homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Data were then analyzed by Mann-Whitney test and Spearman test.Results: There was found 75% subjects with high HOMA-IR value. HOMA-IR value in TBAM-obesity was 42.5% higher than TBBM-obesity was 32.5% (p= 0,088). Waist circumference and Waist to Height Ratio(WHtR) has a correlation on the increased HOMA-IR value (r= 0.662 p=0.000 and r= 0.333 p=0.036) and height does not has a correlation on the increased HOMA-IR value (r=0.235; p= 0.144). Conclusion: Insulin resistance from all subject were found 75%. Waist circumference and Waist to Height Ratio(WHtR) has a correlation on the increased HOMA-IR value and height does not has a correlation on the increased HOMA-IR value.
HUBUNGAN KECACINGAN DENGAN STATUS GIZI DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR PADA ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR KELAS IV DAN V DI KELURAHAN BANDARHARJO SEMARANG
Authors: Kamila Annida Dini , Margawati Ani , Nuryanto Nuryanto 
Published: January 2019

Latar Belakang : Kecacingan merupakan salah satu dari 10 besar penyakit anak di Indonesia. Kejadian kecacingan terbanyak disebabkan oleh infeksi cacing STH (Soil Transmitted Helminths). Dampak kecacingan yang terjadi pada anak usia sekolah yaitu dapat mengakibatkan menurunnya kondisi kesehatan, gizi, kecerdasan dan produktifitas penderitanya. Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan kecacingan dengan status gizi dan prestasi belajar pada anak sekolah dasar kelas IV dan V di Kelurahan Bandarharjo Semarang.Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain cross-sectional yang dilakukan di seluruh sekolah dasar di Kelurahan Bandarharjo Semarang dengan jumlah subjek 68 siswa. Pemeriksaan STH dilakukan dengan metode Koato-Katz, penilaian status gizi dengan pengukuran antropometri IMT/U, dan prestasi belajar menggunakan nilai rapor. Data dianalisis menggunakan Uji Chi Square dan Uji Fisher’s Exact.Hasil : Terdapat 2 anak (2,9%) positif terinfeksi Ascaris lumbricoides dengan kategori ringan, persentase anak dengan status gizi kurang (30,9%) dan (50%) anak memiliki prestasi belajar kurang. Berdasarkan uji statistik tidak terdapat hubungan antara kecacingan dengan status gizi (p=1,00) dan prestasi belajar siswa (p=0,49) serta tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara status gizi dengan prestasi belajar (p=0,431).Simpulan : Tidak ada hubungan antara kecacingan dengan status gizi maupun dengan prestasi belajar. Serta tidak ada hubungan antara status gizi dengan prestasi belajar pada anak SD di Kelurahan Bandarharjo Semarang.
Hubungan Asupan Vitamin C dan Tekanan Darah pada Perokok Aktif Usia Dewasa Awal
Authors: Azalia Fawnia , Probosari Enny , Ardiaria Martha 
Published: January 2019

Latar Belakang: Hipertensi adalah kondisi yang berdampak pada berbagai komplikasi penyakit. Salah satu zat gizi yang berpengaruh terhadap tekanan darah adalah vitamin C. Vitamin C merupakan salah satu antioksidan yang dapat menyebabkan proses remodelling pada pembuluh darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan vitamin C dan tekanan darah pada perokok aktif usia dewasa awal. Variabel perancu dalam penelitian ini diantaranya asupan vitamin E, natrium, dan kalsium. Metode: Penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross-sectional dilakukan dengan pemilihan subjek menggunakan purposive sampling yang melibatkan 51 perokok aktif berdasarkan kriteria inklusi. Data asupan diperoleh menggunakan SQ-FFQ. Tekanan darah diukur menggunakan tensimeter digital. Analisis hubungan asupan vitamin C dan tekanan darah dengan uji korelasi Rank-Spearman. Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan median tekanan darah sistolik sebesar 122 mmHgdan rerata tekanan darah diastolik sebesar 80,45±10,15 mmHg. Median asupan vitamin C sebesar 76,4 mg. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara asupan vitamin C dan tekanan darah sistolik pada perokok aktif usia dewasa awal (p value = 0,91) dan tekanan darah diastolik (p value = 0,33). Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan asupan vitamin C dan tekanan darah pada perokok aktif usia dewasa awal.
Pengaruh Pemberian Sari Ubi Ungu (Ipomea batatas L.) Terhadap KadarHigh Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein(hs-CRP) Pada Tikus Sprague Dawley Dengan Pakan Tinggi Lemak
Authors: Puspitadewi Irene Nucifera , Margawati Ani , Wijayanti Hartanti Sandi 
Published: January 2019

Latar Belakang: Komposisi makanan tinggi lemak dapat menjadi faktor terjadinya obesitasyang menyebabkan oksidasi lemak. Oksidasi lemak dapat menyebabkan inflamasi yang dikarakterisasikan dengan tingginya kadar High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP). Ubi ungu kaya akan antioksidan terutama antosianin yang mungkin dapat menurunkan kadar hs-CRP. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sari ubi ungu terhadap kadar hs-CRP tikus sprague dawley dengan pakan tinggi lemak.Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah true experimental dengan pre-post test control group design. 24 tikus sprague dawley jantan dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok yaitu kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, perlakuan 1 dan perlakuan 2. Perlakuan 1 dan 2 diberikan sari ubi ungu dengan dosis 2 gram/200grBB dan 3 gram/200grBB berturut-turut selama 6 hari. Sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan, kadar hs-CRP dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay).Hasil: Selisih kadar hs-CRP pada keolompok kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, perlakuan 1 dan perlakuan 2 adalah 0.4±0.20, -0.07±4.70, -4.3±0.79 dan -8.1±0.45. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan kadar hs-CRP antar kelompok sesudah intervensi (p=<0.001). Pada kelompok perlakuan 2 terdapat penurunan yang paling tinggi (persen delta 33,33% dengan nilai p=<0.001).Simpulan: Sari ubi ungu dapat menurunkan kadar High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) secara signifikan.
Installation Characteristics of Variable Cycle Engine Based on Inlet Flow Matching
Authors: Chen Haoying , Zhang Haibo , Wang Yong , Zhen Qiangang 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
As per few investigation in installed performance for variable cycle engines, an analysis scheme is proposed on the basis of integrating variable cycle engine and supersonic inlet system model. An integrated mathematical model, containing the inlet and the variable cycle engine is built, realizing the simulation of influences on the installation performance by varying geometry components. The impact on engine performance of variable geometric regulation was analyzed and concluded respectively. The experimental results show that the overflow resistance of the variable cycle engine with variable geometry optimization is reduced at subsonic cruise stage, and the installed fuel consumption is reduced, which significantly improves the installation performance.
One-Step Mechanochemical Synthesis and Enhanced Ionic Conductivity of AgI-Al2O3 Composite Materials
Authors: Ahmad Mohamad M. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
AgI-Al2O3 composite materials have been prepared by mechanical milling technique at room temperature. The product materials were characterised by X-ray diffraction and showed the characteristics of γ-AgI phase. The ionic conduction properties of the composite materials were studied by impedance spectroscopy measurements in the 300- to 470-K temperature range. A considerable increase in ionic conductivity by three orders of magnitude was observed in the composite materials compared with the pristine β-AgI phase. The enhanced ionic conductivity could be assigned to the increased defect concentration and the formation of two phase mixtures with the insulating Al2O3.
A Note on the Calculation of the Long-Wavelength Limit of the Bosonic Excitation Spectrum
Authors: Rovenchak Andrij 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
An approach is proposed to analyse an interacting bosonic system using two-time temperature Green’s functions on the collective variables. Two systems are studied: liquid helium-4 and the Yukawa Bose liquid being a model of the nuclear matter. The suggested decoupling in the equations of motion for Green’s functions yields a good description of the elementary excitation spectrum in the long-wavelength limit.
The reaction of a particularly electrophilic acyclic diaminocarbene with carbon monoxide: formation of β- and γ-lactams
Authors: Wallbaum Lars , Schulz Tim , Bruhn Clemens , Siemeling Ulrich 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The reaction of carbon monoxide with the acyclic diaminocarbene iPr2N–C–TMP (TMP=2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidino), generated in situ from the formamidinium salt [(iPr2N)CH(TMP)][PF6] and NaN(SiMe3)2, unexpectedly afforded a mixture of β- and γ-lactams.
Isoflurane Inhibits Dopaminergic Synaptic Vesicle Exocytosis Coupled to CaV2.1 and CaV2.2 in Rat Midbrain Neurons
Authors: Torturo Christina L. , Zhou Zhen-Yu , Ryan Timothy A. , Hemmings Hugh C. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractVolatile anesthetics affect neuronal signaling by poorly understood mechanisms. Activation of central dopaminergic pathways has been implicated in emergence from general anesthesia. The volatile anesthetic isoflurane differentially inhibits glutamatergic and GABAergic synaptic vesicle (SV) exocytosis by reducing presynaptic Ca2+influx without affecting the Ca2+-exocytosis relationship, but its effects on dopaminergic exocytosis are unclear. We tested the hypothesis that isoflurane inhibits exocytosis in dopaminergic neurons. We used electrical stimulation or depolarization by elevated extracellular KCl to evoke exocytosis measured by quantitative live-cell fluorescence imaging in cultured rat ventral tegmental area neurons. Using trains of electrically evoked action potentials (APs), isoflurane inhibited exocytosis in dopaminergic neurons to a greater extent (30 ± 4% inhibition;p< 0.0001) than in non-dopaminergic neurons (15 ± 5% inhibition;p= 0.014). Isoflurane also inhibited exocytosis evoked by elevated KCl in dopaminergic neurons (35 ± 6% inhibition;p= 0.0007), but not in non-dopaminergic neurons (2 ± 4% inhibition). Pharmacological isolation of presynaptic Ca2+channel subtypes showed that isoflurane inhibited KCl-evoked exocytosis mediated exclusively by either CaV2.1 (P/Q-type Ca2+channels; 30 ± 5% inhibition;p= 0.0002) or by CaV2.2 (N-type Ca2+channels; 35 ± 11% inhibition;p= 0.015). Additionally, isoflurane inhibited single AP-evoked Ca2+influx by 41 ± 3% and single AP-evoked exocytosis by 34 ± 6%. Comparable reductions in exocytosis and Ca2+influx were produced by lowering extracellular [Ca2+]. Thus, isoflurane inhibits exocytosis from dopaminergic neurons by a mechanism distinct from that in non-dopaminergic neurons involving reduced Ca2+entry through CaV2.1 and/or CaV2.2.
Methamphetamine Self-Administration Elicits Sex-Related Changes in Postsynaptic Glutamate Transmission in the Prefrontal Cortex
Authors: Pena-Bravo Jose Ignacio , Penrod Rachel , Reichel Carmela M. , Lavin Antonieta 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPreclinical and clinical research has shown that females are more vulnerable to the rewarding effects of stimulants, and it has been proposed that estrogens may play a role in this enhanced sensitivity; however sex differences in methamphetamine (METH)-induced neuroplasticity have not been explored. To address this gap in knowledge, we recorded from the prelimbic area of the prefrontal cortex (PL-PFC) of male and female rats following long access METH self-administration (SA) and investigated the resulting long-term synaptic neuroadaptations. Males and females took similar amounts of METH during SA; however, female rats exhibit significant synaptic baseline differences when compared to males. Furthermore, females exhibited a significant increase in evoked excitatory currents. This increase in evoked glutamate was correlated with increases in NMDA currents and was not affected by application of a GluN2B selective blocker. We propose that METH SA selectively upregulates GluN2B-lacking NMDA receptors (NMDAR) in the PFC of female rats. Our results may provide a mechanistic explanation for the sex differences reported for METH addiction in females.
Trigeminal Nerve Transection-Induced Neuroplastic Changes in the Somatosensory and Insular Cortices in a Rat Ectopic Pain Model
Authors: Fujita Satoshi , Yamamoto Kiyofumi , Kobayashi Masayuki 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe primary sensory cortex processes competitive sensory inputs. Ablation of these competitive inputs induces neuroplastic changes in local cortical circuits. However, information concerning cortical plasticity induced by a disturbance of competitive nociceptive inputs is limited. Nociceptive information from the maxillary and mandibular molar pulps converges at the border between the ventral secondary somatosensory cortex (S2) and insular oral region (IOR); therefore, S2/IOR is a suitable target for examining the cortical changes induced by a disturbance of noxious inputs, which often causes neuropathic pain and allodynia. We focused on the plastic changes in S2/IOR excitation in a model of rats subjected to inferior alveolar nerve transection (IANX). Our optical imaging using a voltage-sensitive dye (VSD) revealed that the maxillary molar pulp stimulation-induced excitatory propagation was expanded one to two weeks after IANX at the macroscopic level. At the cellular level, based on Ca2+imaging using two-photon microscopy, the amplitude of the Ca2+responses and the number of responding neurons in S2/IOR increased in both excitatory and inhibitory neurons. Thein vitrolaser scanning photostimulation (LSPS) revealed that Layer II/III pyramidal and GABAergic fast-spiking neurons in S2/IOR received larger excitatory inputs from Layer IV in the IANX models, which supports the findings obtained by the macroscopic and microscopic optical imaging. Furthermore, the inhibitory postsynaptic inputs to the pyramidal neurons were decreased in the IANX models, suggesting suppression of inhibitory synaptic transmission onto excitatory neurons. These results suggest that IANX induces plastic changes in S2/IOR by changing the local excitatory and inhibitory circuits.
Klasės ieškinys kaip bylos šalių daugybiškumo valdymo metodas civiliniame procese
Authors: Васильева Татьяна Андреевна Андреевна 
Published: January 2019

[full article in Russian; abstract in English]
The article is devoted to the definition of the legal nature of class action. The construction of class action is analyzed in the context of a multi-party civil procedure. Having considered the legal regulation of certain types of class action, the author came to the conclusion that the class action is the modified multi-party civil litigation.
Retinal Findings in Young Children With Increased Intracranial Pressure From Nontraumatic Causes
Authors: Shi Angell , Kulkarni Abhaya , Feldman Kenneth W. , Weiss Avery , McCourt Emily A. , Schloff Susan , Partington Michael , Forbes Brian , Geddie Brooke E. , Bierbrauer Karin , Phillips Paul H. , Rogers David L. , Abed Alnabi Waleed , Binenbaum Gil , Levin Alex V. 
Published: January 2019

OBJECTIVES:
Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) has been suggested in legal settings as an alternative cause of retinal hemorrhages (RHs) in young children who may have sustained abusive head trauma. We assessed the prevalence and characteristics of RHs in children with increased ICP.

METHODS:
We conducted a prospective, multicenter study of children &lt;4 years old with newly diagnosed increased ICP as determined by using direct measurement and/or clinical criteria. Infants who were premature, neonates, and suspected survivors of abusive head trauma were excluded on the basis of nonocular findings. Fundus examinations were performed; extent, number, and type of RH in each of 4 distinct retinal zones were recorded.

RESULTS:
Fifty-six children (27 boys) were studied (mean age 15.4 months; range 1–43 months). All of the children had elevated ICP that required intervention. One child had papilledema. No child (0%; 95% confidence interval: 0%–6.4%) or eye (0%; 95% confidence interval: 0%–3.3%) was found to have an RH. Causes of increased ICP included hydrocephalus, intraventricular hemorrhage, congenital malformations, malfunctioning shunts, and the presence of intracranial space-occupying lesions.

CONCLUSIONS:
Although acute increased ICP can present in children with a pattern of peripapillary superficial RHs in the presence of papilledema, our study supports the conclusion that RHs rarely occur in the absence of optic disc swelling and do not present beyond the peripapillary area in the entities we have studied.
Accesibilidad y sensibilización ciudadana en el espacio público
Authors: Ipiña García Orlando Isaac 
Published: January 2019

El Informe Mundial sobre la Discapacidad (2011) estima que alrededor del 15% de la población mundial vive con algún tipo de discapacidad. En las ciudades enfrentan la falta de accesibilidad y movilidad en el espacio público, además, de sufrir exclusión y segregación por diversas instituciones y personas. Esta reflexión hace énfasis en la importancia de fomentar la equidad, el reconocimiento de la dignidad inherente, la autonomía, el respeto por la diferencia y la aceptación de la discapacidad para promover la convivencia en el espacio público en Ciudad de México.