bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shielding strategies for Gamma Knife surgery of pituitary adenomas
Authors: Schlesinger David , Snell John , Sheehan Jason 
Published: November 2018

ObjectThe relative performances of two plugging strategies commonly used for pituitary adenoma dose plans were evaluated in terms of factors that influence dose plan quality.MethodsDose plans and clinical treatment data were obtained in 108 patients treated with the Model C Gamma Knife at the University of Virginia. These data were analyzed to determine factors (including plugging strategy) influencing the quality of the dose plans in terms of beam time, conformity, dose to the optic apparatus, and plugging burden.For both secretory and nonsecreory adenomas, beam time (psecretory < 0.001, pnonsecretory = 0.015) and plugging burden (psecretory = 0.007, pnonsecretory = 0.038) were reduced when using the customized plugging strategy. The choice of plugging strategy was found to play no significant role in conformity or dose to the optic apparatus. Other factors found to play a significant role in adenoma dose plan quality included tumor volume, prescription dose, and distance from the target to the optic pathways.Conclusions While both plugging strategies were effective at providing the required protection to the optic pathways, the authors found that the customized plugging strategy provided more efficient performance in pituitary adenoma treatments.
Gamma Knife surgery after fractionated radiotherapy for acromegaly
Authors: Landolt Alex M. , Lomax Nicoletta , Scheib Stefan G. , Girard Jürg 
Published: November 2018

ObjectAcromegaly that has not been cured by microsurgery is usually treated with fractionated radiotherapy; however, it is not possible to repeat such a treatment with effective radiation doses if it should fail. The authors pose the question: Can stereotactic radiosurgery be used as an effective, alternative method for retreatment by irradiation?MethodsA retrospective study of 12 patients was performed to compare patients treated with Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) after initial, failed radiotherapy and 37 patients treated with GKS only. The mean dose for the initial fractionated radiotherapy was 44.6 Gy (range 40–54 Gy). The mean maximum GKS dose was 45.1 Gy (range 27–50 Gy) in the pretreated group and 49.5 Gy (range 25–70 Gy) in the group undergoing GKS alone. The mean interval between the two treatments was 10.6 years (range 3–20.6 years). The age-related insulin-like growth factor–I (IGF-I), assessed at 3-month intervals, was the main follow-up parameter. An IGF-I normalization rate of more than 80% was achieved in both patient groups; however, the latency of endocrinological normalization was longer in the patients who had undergone failed fractionated radiotherapy (median time to cure 35.4 months compared with 13.5 months).ConclusionsTreatment with GKS is successful in patients with acromegaly even after failed fractionated radiotherapy; GKS represents a therapeutic tool in patients with no therapeutic options life-long octreotide. It must be noted that the incidence of neurological complications is higher (p < 0.01, 2 × 2 crosstab). The remaining dose fraction after previous fractionated radiotherapy appears to be approximately 50%. Maintenance of other endocrinological functions may be better after GKS alone; however, the difference is not significant.
Clinical impact of magnetic resonance imaging on Gamma Knife surgery for brain metastases
Authors: Perks Julian R. , Liu Tianxiao , Hall William H. , Chen Allan Y. 
Published: November 2018

ObjectStereotactic radiosurgery is beneficial for patients with a limited number of small brain metastases. Increased numbers of brain metastases, not infrequently at unreachable locations, are identified using thin-section magnetic resonance (MR) imaging on the day of Gamma Knife surgery (GKS). To improve patient selection and design better treatment strategies, a retrospective study was conducted to determine factors that may contribute to detecting additional brain metastases on the day of GKS.MethodsA total of 100 patients with brain metastases who underwent GKS between October 2003 and May 2006 at the University of California Davis Medical Center were included in the present study. Patients were categorized by age, sex, Karnofsky Performance Scale score, status of systemic disease, histological characteristics of the primary tumor, and whether they received previous whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT). The number of lesions identified by diagnostic MR imaging at referral, by thin-section double-contrast MR imaging on the day of GKS, and the actual lesions treated by GKS were recorded. The diagnostic MR images were categorized in terms of section thickness and time interval before GKS.Conclusions The characteristics of this patient population match well with the general GKS practice. Fifty-six had been treated with WBRT. On average, patients presented with 2.2 ± 1.7 lesions, a number based on their original diagnostic MR imaging, had 3.6 ± 3.4 lesions identified on the thin-section treatment MR imaging (p < 0.05), and underwent treatment of 3.1 ± 2.6 lesions on the day of GKS. Significantly, treatment was compromised in 21 patients, in whom not all additional lesions could be treated with the initial headframe placement. Analysis shows that a significantly greater number of lesions were detected using thin-section MR imaging on the day of GKS in patients who had undergone thick-section diagnostic MR imaging, did not receive WBRT, and had progressive systemic disease. To optimize treatment planning and minimize additional treatment, the number of metastases needs to be determined accurately before frame placement, ideally by performing thin-section MR imaging, as used on the day of GKS.
Analysis of the Methodology of Fixed Assets in Accordance with IAS 16 “Fixed Assets” AND P(S)BU 7 “Fixed Assets”: Theory and Practice
Authors: Shkulipa L. V. 
Published: November 2018

The importance of transparent, complete, authentic and timely information comprehensible for all the users of financial reporting has grown in the context of Ukraine’s integration in the international economy. The issue of harmonizing the national accounting system with the international standards is, therefore, on the agenda of the national statistics system. Apart from this, introduction of the international accounting standards in the Ukrainian statistics practice is expected to make Ukraine more attractive for foreign investors and lenders. As theoretical and practical problems related with harmonizing the national accounting standards with international ones are not fully elaborated, the article’s purpose is to analyze the methodology of fixed assets recording by international and national standards, with providing, in table form, comparative characteristics of the underlying sections of International Accounting Standards (IAS) 16 and Rules (Standards) of Accounting (R(S)A) enforced in Ukraine, and to illustrate their practical use. The comparison covers recognition, valuation, recording and reporting of fixed assets, elements of the original cost (estimates at the date of recognition), formation of the original value of fixed assets as a result of various events, revaluation of fixed assets, frequency of revaluation of the liquidation value of fixed assets etc. Practical issues related with fixed assets overvaluation (undervaluation), depreciating, disposal and exchange are highlighted.
The comparative analysis shows quite significant differences between the two documents in valuation, revaluation, liquidation, disposal of fixed assets. They can be explained by national specifics of record keeping in Ukraine, fully considered in the national standards, and, consequently, by adaptation of accounting in Ukraine to the national economy needs.
The State Budget in the Digital Age: Opportunities and Threats
Authors: Artemyeva I. O. , Yakovenko M. A. 
Published: November 2018

The article is devoted to the changes in national budgets under the influence of digitization.
The aim of the study is to determine the opportunities and threats posed by the development of the digital economy in the field of formation and implementation of national budgets, and to outline possible ways to effectively balance the potential benefits against the risks and limitations.
This article argues that digitalization reshapes public finance. The main benefits of digital transformations such as increase of the tax base, optimization and transparency of government revenues and spending, fiscal savings, better tax administration, delivery of public services, administration of social programs, cutting of bureaucratic inefficiencies are considered. The most important risks and challenges, including privacy concerns, new avenues for fraud and evasion and institutional constraints are outlined.
The article describes what governments should do to make benefits outweigh the risks. Taking full advantage of the opportunities of digitalization can require government to develop new skills. The article also stresses that each country needs to chart its own path to national budget digitalization that must depend on its own circumstances. It is concluded that developing countries may be able to leapfrog directly to the latest digital technologies and more sophisticated policies bypassing the intermediate stages.
Sistem Pelayanan Dan Monitoring Pengisian LPG Berbasis Mobile Pada PT. XYZ
Authors: Arta Yudhi , Siswanto Apri , Setiawan Adiguna 
Published: November 2018

Agen menjadi mata rantai pendistribusian Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) ke toko, warung atau pengecer. Mereka harus mengikuti prosedur sebelum akhirnya diterima menjadi agen. Calon agen harus datang langsung ke Stasiun Pengisian dan Pengangkutan Bulk Elpiji (SPPBE) untuk melengkapi administratif. Setelah verifikasi data, maka petugas akan melakukan survey ke lokasi usaha untuk menilai kelayakan tempat, sarana dan prasarana calon agen baru. Proses monitoring pemesanan gas oleh petugas SPPBE juga dilakukan dengan cara manual.. Sehingga masyarakat bisa mendaftar menjadi agen melalui perangkat mobile yang dimiliki. Proses pemesanan gas di SPPBE juga menjadi lebih mudah karena bisa dilakukan melalui sistem. Sementara itu bagi petugas SPPBE, sistem ini mempermudah proses pencarian lokasi usaha calon agen pada saat akan melakukan survey. Pasalnya sistem dilengkapi dengan fitur Location Based Service (LBS) untuk penandaan titik lokasi calon agen. Selain itu, sistem juga mempermudah petugas dalam proses monitoring pemesanan gas serta mempermudah petugas SPPBE dalam proses validasi pengambilan gas oleh agen.

Kata Kunci: Agen, LPG, Monitoring, Pelayanan, Mobile

Abstract
The agent becomes the chain of distribution of Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) to shops, stalls or retailers. They must follow procedures before being accepted as agents. Prospective agents must come directly to the LPG Bulk Filling and Transporting Station (SPPBE) to complete the administration. After verification of the data, the officer will conduct a survey to the business location to assess the feasibility of the place, facilities and infrastructure of the prospective new agent. The process of monitoring gas orders by SPPBE officers is also done manually. . The process of ordering gas in SPPBE also becomes easier because it can be done through the system. Meanwhile for SPPBE officers, this system facilitates the process of searching for business locations of prospective agents when going to survey. The reason is the system is equipped with a Location Based Service (LBS) feature for marking the location points of prospective agents. In addition, the system also facilitates officers in the process of monitoring gas orders and facilitates SPPBE officers in the process of validating the gas collection by agents.
Keywords: Agent, LPG, Monitoring, Service, Mobile
Revolution in Indien
Authors: Desai Meghnad 
Published: November 2018

Die ökonomische und soziale Krise Indiens schleppt sich mittlerweile 20 Jahre seit der Unabhängigkeit hin. Die Industrie ist bescheiden entwickelt worden, während die Landwirtschaft im Verhältnis zum BevöIkerungswachstum stagnierte. Eine kapitalistische Lösung der Dauerkrise ist nicht näher gerückt. Währenddessen ist das klassische politische System der indischen Bourgeoisie - das Machtmonopol der Kongresspartei im Zentrum und in den Bundesstaaten - zusammengebrochen und hat vorderhand ein Vakuum hinterlassen. Wenn also die Hauptpartei der Rechten einschneidend an Stärke verloren hat, so haben die Parteien der Linken in keiner Weise im gleichen Maß an Stärke gewinnen können. Diese Lage mag Indien schIießIich in die Reihe der überwältigenden Mehrheit der heut i - gen unterentwickelten kapitalistischen Länder zwingen, einschließt ich des Auftauchens einer militärischen Diktatur. Denn die Armee bleibt offenbar die Lösung für die indische herrschende Klasse
wenn sich der Niedergang des Kongresses weiter beschleunigt, ohne daß die unterdrückten Klassen imstande wären, entschlossen nach der Machtzugreden. Sie stellt heute einen ausgedehnten militärischen Apparat dar. 1947 zählte sie gegen 280.000 Mann, wuchs im Jahrzehnt nach der Unabhängigkeit auf 550.000 und dann stellte der neue Verteidigungsplan als Reaktion auf den Grenzkrieg mit China eine neuausgerüstete Streitmacht von 825.000 Mann auf die Beine - zusammen mit Marine und Luftwaffe verfügt das indische Militär heute über ca. eine Million Aktive. Wie je seit der britischen Herrschaft rekrutieren sich di~ Streitkräfte aus allen Teilen Indiens, obwohl die Kampfeinheiten in der Armee regional oder stammesmäßig organisiert sind: die überwiegenden Gruppen sind Sikhs, Gurkhas, Carhnahs, Jats, Rajputs und Dogras. (Marine und Luftwaffe sind aus naheliegenden Gründen nicht regional organisiert). Das Offizierskorps hat Klassencharakter und einen nationalen Gesichtskreis. Der al I indische Charakter der Armee würde so im Fa! le der regionalen Zersetzung der Kongresspartei einen enormen Vorteil darstellen. In jüngster Zeit ist die Armee zur Unterdrückung von Bauernbewegungen auf dem Lande und der Industriearbeiter in den Städten eingesetzt worden - Vorbedeutung ihrer möglichen politischen Rolle. Aber dennoch existiert keine Unausweichlichkeit in der gegenwärtigen Situation. Aufgrund der Auflockerung durch den schleichenden Zusammenbruch der alten Ordnung gibt es für den revolutionären Sozialismus in Indien jetzt neue Möglichkeiten. Wonach ein vitales Bedürfnis besteht, ist eine politische Führung, die die ausgebeuteten Massen in ihrem Existenzkampf anfeuern und mobilisieren kann. Denn in Indien bedeutet Existenzkampf notwendigerweise letzten Endes einen Kampf um die Macht.
JOURNEY INTO THE WORLD OF SCIENCE AND ART ON A PLANTIGRADE MACHINE
Authors: Ochkov V. F. , Nori M. 
Published: November 2018

The article shows how the computer mathematical program Mathcad allows to solve mechanics problems, in particular, kinematics problems by a new method. The procedure for optimizing the parameters of the Tchebyshev plantigrade machine is described — the calculation of the lengths of its parts, so that the machine will move without vertical pushes. A technique of hybrid solution of mathematical problems on a computer is discussed, where analytical (symbolic) and numerical methods are used alternately or in parallel. A new trend in visual arts is presented, associated with the representation of the trajectory of the motion of kinematic devices.
Estimation of the Gruneisen parameter and an explicit measure of anharmonicity of dodecaborides
Authors: Fedyshyn Y. , Vadets D. , Garashchenko O. , Romanov O. , Fedyshyn T. 
Published: November 2018

In previous works on the ratio (θД – the characteristic temperature of Debye, was calculated according to the Lindemann formula; V – molar volume of hypothetical lattice atoms; γ is the Gruneisen parameter) for the group of dodecaborides (TbB12, DyB12, HoB12, ErB12, TuB12, LaB12, UB12) the average value of γ = 1.3 was determined. However, due to the ambiguity of the coefficient of proportionality in the Lindemann formula by definition θD, the authors selected an independent high-temperature X-ray method for determining the dependence θr (T). Taking into account the immutability of the structure and type of interatomic connection in the temperature interval of the search (293–973 K), the authors evaluated the value and temperature dependence of γ (T) of each dodecaboride separately. The results of the search showed that the value of γ for each given dodecaboride is different, but practically independent from temperature. For some dodecaborides, the parameter γ is about 2–3 units, and for others it is overestimated. The values of γ made it possible to estimate the magnitude of the implicit γβ and the explicit parts of the universal measure of anharmonicity of dodecaborides , where β – real coefficient of volumetric expansion of the crystalline lattice. Because (n – dimensionless coefficient of proportionality), then the temperature change n(T) is also determined.
The use of pear fillers in kefir technology
Authors: Slyvka N. B. , Myhaylytska О. R. , Nahovska V. O. , Bilyk O. Ya. 
Published: November 2018

The article substantiates the possibility of using pears and cinnamon in technology of kefir that was manufactured by a thermostatic method. Natural sources of plant material are selected. It was selected a pear containing sugar, organic acids, enzymes, cellulose , tannins, nitrogen and pectin substances, vitamins C, B1, P, PP, carotene (provitamin A), flavonoids, phytoncides and cinnamon containing essential oils, tannins, resins, minerals and dietary fiber. The technology of preparation of pear fillers, namely, pear puree and pear jam, has been developed. The recipe for kefir with fillers is calculated. The expediency of using the certain ingredients of a beverage is substantiated. For fermentation of the normalized mixture, ferment Kefir 12 was used by Chr. Hansen company. The composition of this ferment includes Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar diacetylactis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Bifidobacterium infantis, Bifidobacterium lactis, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus lactis, Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis. The optimum dose of ferment, which is 0.2–0.4% of the normalized mixture, is determined. Kefir was manufactured by thermostatic method. The normalized milk mixture with fillers was fermentated at a temperature of 27 to 29 °C for 5–6 hours. The mass fraction of fat in the finished product was 2.5%. The study of the change of active and titrated acidity during the fermentation of the product, as well as storage at the 7th and 10th days was conducted. The storage period of the resulting beverage, which is not less than seven days at a temperature of 4 ± 2 °С, is determined. The organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters of the finished product are described. Investigated physico-chemical and organoleptic parameters of kefir samples meet the requirements of DSTU 4417:2005 “Kefir. Specifications”. The use of pears and cinnamon in kefir production is expedient because of the product's enrichment with biologically active substances and the expansion of the assortment of dairy products.
Revitalisasi Model Kelembagaan Pertanian Melalui Inovasi Business Model dan Perencanaan Pengorganisasian
Authors: Asiela Rahma 
Published: November 2018

Gapoktan merupakan suatu kelembagaan pada sektor pertanian untuk memfasilitasi para petani dalam melakukan usaha agribisnis atas prinsip kebersamaan dan kemitraan. Peran yang dijalankan mempunyai fungsi yang tertera dalam Peraturan Menteri Pertanian, yaitu a.) Unit usaha penyedia sarana dan prasarana produksi; b.) Unit usahatani; c.) Unit usahatani pengolahan; d.) Unit usahatani Pemasaran; e.) Unit usahatani keuangan mikro (simpan-pinjam). Realisasi dalam menjalankan fungsional tersebut tidak sesuai dengan fungsional yang ada. Gapoktan Sumber Rejeki hanya menjadi sebuah wadah penyaluran program dari Pemerintah, selain itu Gapoktan Sumber Rejeki mengalami permasalahan dengan adanya dana bantuan pinjaman dari PPL yang tidak ada transparansi penggunaan sehingga tidak bisa untuk mengembalikan dana pinjaman tersebut. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kasus dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada existing business model yang dijalankan terdapat building blocks yang kosong seperti Customer Relationship, dan Key Partner serta tengkulak sebagai customer yang mengikat dan merugikan bagi petani. Hal ini peneliti menciptakan new business model yang cocok melalui tool Business model Canvas dalam mengembangkan bisnis Gapoktan Sumber Rejeki. Customer segment nantinya akan menyasar pasar Business to Business, seperti restaurant, catering, dan hotel dengan keinginan kontinuitas produk sayur dan buah dengan harga yang sesuai. Sedangkan customer relationship dengan adanya connection dan speed dapat menjaga apa yang diinginkan oleh customer. Aktivitas yang dijalankan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan produksi para petani dengan bekerjasama Dinas Pertanian dan Perusahaan Pupuk. Hal baru dalam revenue stream, adanya sumber dana dari CSR akan lebih mempermudah permasalahan yang sering dirasakan di sektor pertanian, yaitu permodalan.
EFEKTIVITAS TEMA KEPARIWISATAAN DALAM PENDIDIKAN DAN PELATIHAN KEPEMIMPINAN TINGKAT II PROVINSI BALI DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KEPEMIMPINAN ADAPTIF
Authors: Sukamara Nyoman 
Published: November 2018

Tourism Thematic of Level II Leadership Training and Education organized by the Agency for Human Resource Development of Bali Province is intended to improve leadership competence as the Regulation of the Head of Nasional Institut Public Administration (NIPA) Number 15 Year 2015 which also has a tourism mindset, which ultimately increases the competence of adaptive leadership. The question in this study is how is the effectiveness of the theme of tourism in improving managerial competence and adaptive leadership? By using qualitative descriptive explanatory analysis method can be concluded learning process of thematic training of tourism effective in developing competency of adaptive leadership of training participants with some things that still need to be improved. Furthermore, it can be recommended to prepare the standard implementation of Thematic Leadership Level II Training of Tourism, which provides reinforcement of substance and material insertion process of tourism into the existing curriculum according to Regulation of the Head of NIPA Number 15 Year 2015 Number 15 Year 2015. Keywords: training, tourism, adaptive leadership