bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KESETARAAN GENDER MENURUT PERFEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: Ramdhan Tri Wahyudi 
Published: May 2019

Pemikiran Islam tradisional secara general memberikan keterbatasan peran perempuan sebagai istri dan ibu. Berdasarkan pandangan teks dan literature Islam klasik tersebut masih terlihat bahwa kaum perempuan masih termarjinalkan, atau dengan kata lain perempuan masih berada di bawah dominasi laki-laki. Oleh karenanya, wacana atau konstruk perempuan harus menurut kehendak teks. Tak dapat dipungkiri bahwa penafsiran ulama-ulama klasik tentang konsep persamaan laki-laki dan perempuan jika dilihat dari perspektif saat ini bisa saja dinilai sebagai bias. Sebab penafsiran-penafsiran masa lampau itu tidak dapat dilepaskan dengan konteks sosio-historis saat itu. Berangkat dari permasalahan tersebut di atas maka tulisan ini ingin melihat dan menganalisa bagaimana konsep yang ditawarkan dan dikemukakan Islam dalam memandang kesetaraan gender antara laki-laki dan perempuan
PENDIDIKAN ISLAM (Kedudukan dan Jenis Menurut UndangUndang)
Authors: Junaidi M. 
Published: May 2019

Ketika kita membicarakan sistem pendidikan agama islam di Indonesia, maka kita tidak bisa lepas dari sejarah perkembangan islam di Indonesia itu sendiri.Pada awal perkembangan islam di Indonesia, pendidikan agama diberikan dalam bentuk informal.Pendidikan yang diberikan lebih mengutama melalui contoh teladan. Sejalan dengan perkembangan zaman dan pergeseran kekuasaan di Indonesia, pendidikan islam juga mengalami perubahan. Pendidikan islam mulai bersentuhan dengan sistem pendidikan formal yang lebih sistematis dan teratur. Yang dimaksud dengan tujuan pendidikan nasional dalam sisdiknas adalah berkembangnya potensi peserta didik agar menjadi manusia yang beriman dan bertakwa kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, berakhlak mulia, sehat, berilmu, cakap, kreatif, mandiri, dan menjadi warga negara yang demokratis serta bertanggungjawab Dari rumusan diatas menunjukkan bahwa agama menduduki posisi yang sangat penting dan tidak dapat dipisahkan dalam membangun manusia Indonesia seutuhnya.
PERAN KETELADANAN ORANG TUA TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN KEPRIBADIAN MUSLIM ANAK
Authors: . Mufaizin 
Published: May 2019

Secara teoritis, keteladanan merupakan metode yang paling meyakinkan keberhasilannya dalam membentuk kepribadian anak, baik dalam aspek moral, spiritual dan sosial anak. Seperti yang terungkap dalam Maqolah arab; “Lisanul-hal Afsah Min Lisanil Maqal” pengaruh keteladanan melalui tingkah laku itu lebih efektif di banding dengan ungkapan lisan. Anak mengikuti norma-norma pada anggota keluarga, baik ayah, ibu maupun kakak-kakaknya. Maka orang tua di dalam keluarga harus dan merupakan kewajiban kodrati untuk memperhatikan anakanaknya serta mendidiknya sejak anak itu kecil bahkan sejak anak itu masih dalam kandungan. Jadi tugas orang tua mendidik anaknya terlepas sama sekali dari kedudukan, keahlian atau pengalaman dalam pendidikan yang legal. Keteladanan orang tua yang baik merupakan hal pokok dalam membentuk kepribadian muslim seorang anak. Anak sebagai anggota keluarga diharapkan akan mempunyai kepribadian yang baik. Karena anak yang baik akan menambah kebahagiaan dalam suatu keluarga.
Nilai‐nilai Pendidikan Islam dalam Maulid Nabi Muhammad SAW
Authors: Hasan Musohihul 
Published: May 2019

Maulid Nabi Muhammad SAW kadang-kadang Maulid Nabi atau Maulud saja (bahasa Arab: مولد النبي , mawlid annabī), adalah peringatan hari lahir Nabi Muhammad SAW, yang di Indonesia perayaannya jatuh pada setiap tanggal 12 Rabiul Awal dalam penanggalan Hijriyah. Perayaan Maulid Nabi merupakan tradisi yang berkembang di masyarakat Islam jauh setelah Nabi Muhammad SAW wafat. Secara subtansi, peringatan ini adalah ekspresi kegembiraan dan penghormatan kepada Rasulullah Muhammad SAW dengan berbagai bentuk kegiatan seperti pembacaan shalawat nabi, syair barzanji, dll sebagai upaya untuk mengenal akan keteladanan Nabi sebagai pembawa ajaran agama islam, namun terkadang terdapat beberapa golongan yang berpendapat jika perayaan mauled Nabi dikatkan bid’ah dan didalamnya tidak terkandung nilai – nilai yang bisa di ambil, termasuk pendidikan. Bertitik tolak dari uaraian di atasa, maka penulis termotifasi untuk mengkaji dan menganalisa lebih jauh tentang “studi analisis Nila-nilai Pendidikan Islam dalam Maulid Nabi Muhammad SAW”.
Pendidikan Islam Multikultural Upaya Menumbuhkan Kesadaran Multikultural
Authors: Arifin Zainal 
Published: May 2019

Islam moderate, is a typical Indonesian Islam that has been tested by history, and became the inspiration of international Muslims. Islam and Indonesian Muslims continue to find their momentum as a religion that promotes moderate, inclusive, humanist, tolerant and peaceful attitudes, isathiyah Islam is a typical Indonesian Islam. But lately, the uniqueness began to shift. In facts about the conflict and violence perpetrated by individuals and groups in the name of religion even under the pretext of defending religion have undermined diversity and tolerance itself
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM PADA ANAK USIA DINI DI TK TAAM ADINDA MENGANTI GRESIK
Authors: Syaikhon Muhammad , Rihlah Jauharotur 
Published: May 2019

Penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan judul Strategi Pengembangan Pendidikan Agama Islam Pada Anak Usia Dini di TK TAAM Adinda Menganti Gresik yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan (1) bagaimana strategi pengembangan PAI di TK TAAM Adinda Kepatihan Menganti Gresik? (2) apa saja faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam proses penerapan strategi pengembangan PAI di TK TAAM Adinda Kepatihan Menganti Gresik? (3) bagaimana hasil dari penerapan strategi pengembangan PAI terhadap prestasi belajar peserta didik di TK TAAM Adinda Kepatihan Menganti Gresik?.
Berdasarkan fokus masalah di atas, maka tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) untuk mengetahui bagaimana strategi pengembangan PAI di TK TAAM Adinda Kepatihan Menganti Gresik? (2) untuk mengetahui faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam proses penerapan strategi pengembangan PAI di TK TAAM Adinda Kepatihan Menganti Gresik? (3) untuk mengetahui bagaimana hasil dari penerapan strategi pengembangan PAI terhadap prestasi belajar peserta didik di TK TAAM Adinda Kepatihan Menganti Gresik?.
Temuan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan, bahwa: strategi pengembangan PAI yang dilakukan di TK TAAM Adinda Kepatihan Menganti Gresik sangat tepat sekali, dengan mengadopsi dari teori-teori dan konsep pembelajaran ala Rasulullah dan dipadukan dengan konsep dan teori-teori pembelajaran yang berkembang saat ini. Faktor pendukung penerapan strategi ini adalah pendidik memiliki kemampuan menyampaikan ajaran agama Islam, adanya fasilitas yang berupa TV dan VCD, dan memiliki buku-buku Islami sebagai penunjang pembelajaran. Sedangkan faktor penghambatnya adalah kurangnya persediaan sarana dan prasarana yang menunjang proses pembelajaran, terbatasnya media pembelajaran sehingga metode yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran pun kurang bervariasi, dan perbedaan latar belakang keluarga serta minimnya dalam pemahaman agama. Keberhasilan pembelajaran PAI tersebut telah berpengaruh positif bagi TK TAAM Adinda baik secara sosiologis maupun psikologis.
Accès aux ressources naturelles et foncières en Amazonie péruvienne
Authors: Delmotte Céline 
Published: May 2019

Se fondant sur l’analyse d’une zone tampon située dans le département amazonien de Madre de Dios (Pérou), qui connaît un phénomène de ruée vers l’or depuis la moitié des années 2000, cet article explore les rapports de pouvoir entre agriculteurs et orpailleurs, en éclairant les processus de territorialisation minière au sein d’espaces agricoles, les dynamiques d’acteurs ainsi que les mécanismes d’accès et d’usage du foncier et de ses ressources. Prenant le contre-pied des analyses déjà produites sur la nature conflictuelle de leurs relations, nous tenterons dans cette contribution de mettre en lumière un phénomène distinct mais tout aussi prégnant : le caractère négocié de l’orpaillage et les arrangements mutuels entre acteurs autour de l’accès à et l’usage des ressources naturelles.
User frequency and microbial contaminants of traditional oral powdered herbal formulations in Ogbomoso, Nigeria
Authors: Ideh Jennifer E. , Ogunkunle Adepoju T.J. 
Published: May 2019

Background: Being natural, herbal products are often perceived as safe but studies have shown that they may not be free of pathogenic microorganisms. The extent of microbial contaminants of traditional oral powdered herbal formulations (TOPHFs) in Ogbomoso, Nigeria, is not known, while the frequency of users of these drugs in the study area has not been reported.Aim: To evaluate the microbial contaminants of TOPHFs marketed in Ogbomoso Nigeria, identify the risk factors associated with their production and handling, and determine the frequency of users of the drugs.Setting: Ogbomoso, Nigeria.Methods: Fifteen manufacturers of TOPHFs listed the health conditions that are indicated for their drugs, while 125 residents provided information on their preference for those drugs. The questionnaires were analysed using descriptive statistics (frequency counts and percentages). Packaging and/or handling and level of personal and environmental hygiene of the manufacturers were examined and analysed for significance of their influence on contamination of drugs using chi-square test. Using pour plate method and following standard procedures, 12 samples of TOPHFs were analysed to quantify their bacterial and fungal contaminants.Results: The TOPHFs were indicated for 17 different types of health conditions with 60% of the sampled population being prolonged and regular users. The personal and environmental hygiene levels of the manufacturers fell short of acceptable standard. Ten out of the 12 samples analysed were heavily contaminated (i.e. above WHO limits) with yeasts/moulds and faecal coliforms such as Enterobacteria, 9 with Streptococcus and 6 with pathogenic bacterial species such as Staphylococcus and Salmonella. There was a significant association of TOPHFs contamination with manufacturers’ level of formal education (p = 0.001), solid waste management (p = 0.015) and methods of updating knowledge and expertise (p = 0.004), thus making these 3 the risk factors associated with contamination of the drugs.Conclusion: Use of TOPHFs is popular among the residents of Ogbomoso, but there is a high rate of contamination of these drugs with some potentially pathogenic organisms because of insufficient quality control in their production and handling.
Prevalence and correlates of depression among Nigerian stroke survivors
Authors: Olibamoyo Olushola , Adewuya Abiodun , Ola Bolanle , Coker Olurotimi , Atilola Olayinka 
Published: May 2019

Background: There is mixed evidence for the hypothesis that the risk of depression after stroke is influenced by the location of lesions in the hemispheres, demographic and clinical factors, and disability of stroke survivors.Aim: The current study determined the prevalence of depression and its socio-demographic and clinico-pathological correlates among stroke survivors in a tertiary hospital in Lagos, Nigeria.Method: The cross-sectional study was carried out among 112 adult patients with a clinical history of stroke confirmed by neuroimaging. Depression was diagnosed using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. The socio-demographic profile was obtained, and cognitive impairment was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination. Stroke severity was assessed retrospectively using the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale and current disability was measured using the Modified Rankin Scale.Results: There were 48 (42.9%) stroke survivors with a clinical diagnosis of depression. Using binary logistic regression, the independent determinants of depression were younger age, unemployment, perceived poor social support, increasing number of previous admissions because of stroke, cognitive impairment, severity of stroke and current disability status. However, there was no significant association between depression and lesion location.Conclusion: Depression is a common associate of stroke, and there is a need for sustained focus on young stroke survivors with severe stroke, especially those who do not have social support and have low socio-economic status, who may have a higher risk of developing depression following stroke.
Alfons Loogman (1897‐1964)
Authors: de Jong Albert 
Published: May 2019

Abstract In 1925 Alfons Loogman, a Holy Ghost Father, established the Catholic Swahili monthly paper Rafiki Yetu (‘Our Friend’) in Kenya. In the literature little is known about this journal, although it developed into the most important Catholic Swahili
journal of East Africa. Loogman did not get much support of the apostolic vicar and his confreres for his initiative, so the publication of the journal became a personal enterprise. Rafiki Yetu was targeting a broad public, not only Catholics but all African inhabitants of East Africa,
no matter their faith. The content of the journal was a mixture of religious and secular topics. The journal had a wide circulation in Kenia, Tanganyika, Zanzibar and Uganda. In contrast to two other Catholic papers, Rafiki Yetu was published in Swahili, the lingua franca of East Africa.
Loogman developed the Rafiki Yetu enterprise into a small printing press. However, Loogman could not realise his dreams of publishing a weekly or even a daily journal because he was transferred to another vicariate and other missionaries continued publishing Rafiki Yetu until
1964.
Factors Influencing Classroom Participation: A Case Study of Bhutanese Higher Secondary Student
Authors: Ghalley Lekh Raj , Rai Budhi Man 
Published: May 2019

Students are encouraged to actively participate in classroom. Nevertheless, many of them were still reluctant to speak up. This paper discussed the factors which influenced classroom participation in Bhutanese context. Both interviews and observation were used to collect data from the field. Interview was conducted with 20 students from class XI comprising 10 males and 10 females. The goal was to identify the forms and level of participation, and subsequently to select the students in terms of active or passive participation in the classroom. Observation was done for a period of 5 weeks of teaching in three classes in class XI. Their forms of participation were recorded throughout the teaching hours. The findings showed that majority of Bhutanese students were involved in passive participation: Sitting quietly, writing notes, listening and paying attention. Interestingly, a good number of students was also actively involved in asking questions, giving opinion, responding opinion, discussion, making comment and seeking help. The interview data showed that the factors influencing classroom participation were teachers, friends, classroom size, advance preparation and language. Classroom participation also entailed positive benefits in teaching-learning process. However, the findings would serve as guide or insight for teachers and learners regarding the factors affecting students’ participation among school students. This also assist teachers and learners to take into the accounts the way to overcome students’ problems such as a fear of participation in the classroom and thus increase motivation.
In vitro Antioxidant Activity and Inhibition of Fe2+ and SNP Lipid Peroxidation of African Mistletoes (Tapinanthus globiferus) from Three Selected Host Plants in Jos Plateau State Nigeria
Authors: Oche Jane-Rose I. , Johnson Titilayo O. , Akinsanmi Augustina O. , Jaryum Kiri H. , Francis Timothy 
Published: May 2019

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the antioxidative properties of the mistletoe plant obtained from three different host species namely Psidium guajava, Vernonia amygdalina and Moringa olifera lam.
Study Design: Experimental Design
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Jos, Nigeria.
Methodology: Crude methanolic leaf extracts were studied for their antioxidative properties; Iron reducing and Iron-chelating activities, Nitric oxide (NO) radical and 2,2-diphenyl 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities and the lipid peroxidation and thiobarbituric acid reaction (TBAR) methods. One way ANOVA was used for the result analysis with P<.05 for significant difference.
Results: Mistletoes from Psidum guajava (MSPG) had significantly higher reducing property (0.16 – 0.20mg/mL); the chelating property of Mistletoes from Moringa olifera (MSMO) was significantly lower (45.7 – 58.9%); DPPH radical scavenging activity had no significant difference; and Nitric oxide scavenging activity was significantly higher in MSPG (72.1% in 75mg/mL) than the extracts from other hosts. MSPG had significantly higher TBAR inhibition using both FeSO4 (77.8% at 125µg/mL) and Sodium nitroprusside (61.6+1.0% at 125µg/mL) with an IC50 of 30.27µg/mL . Extract of Tapinanthus globiferus leaves from Psidium guajava had more antioxidative activities in the TBARs followed by Tapinanthus globiferus leaf extract from Vernonia amygdalina (MSVA).
Conclusion: From the study, mistletoes from Psidium guajava had higher antioxidant activity compared to other hosts, which probably justifies its use for treatment of cancer in traditional medicinal practice.
Antenna Feeds
Authors: Bird Trevor S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe term “antenna feeds” describe many types of antennas in common use today. Feeds are a means of supplying energy to (or receiving energy from) a secondary antenna, such as a reflector, lens, reflectarray, or beam waveguide, via a transmission line or waveguide. Everyday applications of antennas with feeds include satellite communications, radar, radio telescopes, deep‐space probes, and terrestrial microwave and millimeter‐wave radiolinks.After a brief historical introduction, the basic characteristics of antenna feeds are explained. Specific feed types are then described under four main headings, namely, aperture, linear, traveling‐wave, and compound antennas. The approach adopted combines a short description of physical attributes with an outline of possible applications.The class of aperture antennas is the most extensive, and details are given of various circular and rectangular waveguides and horns, self‐supporting feeds, and microstrip patches in feed applications. Linear antenna feeds include the Yagi–Uda, log‐periodic, and zigzag arrays. These are reviewed, and the properties of importance are highlighted. Under the heading of traveling‐wave antennas, the antennas discussed include dielectric rods, profiled slots, Vivaldi antennas, and linefeed antennas for cylindrical and spherical reflectors. Finally, the antennas covered in the compound feeds category are arrays, beam waveguides, splash plates, and dichroic reflectors.Antenna feeds are linked intrinsically with feed systems, and some examples given are diplexers, beamforming networks, and comparator networks for monopulse tracking.The article concludes with an outline of modern design methods of importance of feed antennas and some predictions of possible future developments.
Application of Wavelets and Machine Learning Techniques to Electromagnetic Problems
Authors: Goswami Jaideva C. , Tentzeris Manos M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this article, we discuss some wavelet applications to electromagnetic problems, provide an overview of wavelet theory, solve integral equations developing from electromagnetic scattering and transmission‐line problems, and consider differential equations. Examples from geophysical applications are also included. Combined wavelet‐machine learning technique is presented for numerical modeling.
Frequency‐Domain Circuit Analysis
Authors: Biey Mario , Maio Ivan A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this article, the frequency‐domain analysis of Linear Time‐Invariant (LTI) circuits is reviewed. The key point of any frequency‐domain analysis method is the substitution of the LTI circuit under analysis with an equivalent circuit for the transformed voltage and current variables. The equivalent circuit, which is named transformed circuit, has branch relations defined by linear algebraic equations and all the properties of linear resistive circuits. The frequency‐domain analysis, therefore, amounts to solving the transformed circuit by the methods for linear resistive circuits and computing the time‐domain responses by inverse transformation of the transformed circuit responses. In this article, this procedure is introduced and discussed by means of the one‐sided Laplace transform that is the most versatile among all possible transforms. The circuit equations in the frequency domain are used to define the network functions, to derive their properties and the properties of the time‐domain responses of LTI circuits, as the stability and the steady‐state response to sinusoidal signals. Complete analysis examples are given. The review of the frequency‐domain analysis is then completed by introducing the two‐sided Laplace transform and the Fourier transform, their relations to the one‐sided Laplace transform, their peculiarities, and some applications.
Multimode Equivalent Network Representations: Recent Advances
Authors: Guglielmi Marco , Boria Vicente 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe objective of this chapter is to describe recent advances in the multimode equivalent network (MEN) theory for the full‐wave modeling and electromagnetic simulation of waveguide junctions. This paper is the second entry in this Encyclopedia in the context of the MEN theory. Although some of the theoretical development described in this second entry can be applied also to the theory described in the first entry, it is important to note that the two contributions are complementary and that they are both valid on their own merit.
PHASE‐LOCKED LOOPS
Authors: Kolumbán Géza 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPhase‐locked loops (PLLs) are used everywhere in information and communication technology (ICT) and measurement engineering to implement various applications such as modulators and demodulators, frequency synthesizers, and clock recovery circuits, just to mention a few examples. Depending on the operation principle of their building blocks, analog, digital, and hybrid‐type PLLs are distinguished. This article starts with the analog PLL theory in order to introduce the PLL terminology and analysis, and then it discusses the theory and implementation of more complex PLL configurations such as zero‐crossing digital, sampling, and charge‐pump PLLs. Because the key PLL building block is the phase detector, its variants are also analyzed. Finally, the various PLL applications are surveyed.
ELECTROMAGNETIC ANALYSIS OF PLANAR MULTILAYERS
Authors: Michalski Krzysztof A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe computation of electromagnetic fields in planar, multilayered, uniaxial media is discussed. In particular, a complete set of electric and magnetic dyadic Green functions (DGFs) is derived for such media in a computationally efficient and convenient to use form, based on a spectral domain transmission line equivalent network along the axis normal to the stratification. Efficient methods for the computation of the Sommerfeld integrals that arise in the DGFs are also presented.
FINITE‐DIFFERENCE TIME‐DOMAIN ANALYSIS ADVANCES
Authors: Yu Wenhua , Zhang Xin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) method is one of key numerical techniques to solve Maxwell's equations, which has the broad applications for a variety of electromagnetic problems such as electromagnetic propagation, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), and electromagnetic interference (EMI). This article first reviews the basic FDTD techniques such as update equations, numerical dispersion, stability properties, boundary conditions and conformal techniques, and then focuses on some enhanced FDTD techniques such as parallelization techniques and hardware acceleration techniques that can be greatly used to extend applications of the regular FDTD methods.