bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustained lung inflation at birth via short binasal prong in very low birth weight preterm infants: A retrospective study
Authors: Buyuktiryaki Mehmet , Kanmaz Hayriye G. , Okur Nilufer , Bezirganoglu Handan , Ozer Bekmez Buse , Simsek Gulsum Kadioglu , Canpolat Fuat E. , Oguz Suna S. , Tayman Cuneyt 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIt is believed, that sustained lung inflation (SLI) at birth in preterm infants reduces the need for mechanical ventilation (MV) and improves respiratory outcomes. The aim of this study was to compare need for MV in preterm infants at high risk for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) after prophylactic SLI via short binasal prongs at birth combined with early nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) versus nCPAP alone.MethodsMedical records of infants born at 260/7 to 296/7 weeks gestation through 2015 and 2017 were retrospectively assessed. Infants who get sustained inflations at 25 cmH2O pressure for 15 s following delivery via binasal short prongs comprised the study group. Gestational age matched infants who was supported solely with nCPAP (6 cmH2O PEEP) comprised the control group. Early rescue surfactant (200 mg/kg poractant alfa) was delivered using the less invasive surfactant administration technique in infants with established RDS.ResultsA total of 215 infants were analyzed. Fewer infants in the SLI group required MV within the first 72 h of life compared to the control group (25.7% vs 56.9%, P < 0.001). In multiple logistic regression analysis, SLI emerged as an independent factor for reduced MV need. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) incidence including mild BPD was significantly lower in the SLI group (31.9% vs 48%, P = 0.01); however, moderate and severe BPD rates did not reach to a statistical significance (11.5% vs 20.6%, P = 0.06).ConclusionProphylactic SLI maneuver at birth for preterm infants with impending RDS reduces the need for MV with no adverse effects.
Analysis of Differentially Expressed Proteins Involved in Autoimmune Cirrhosis and Normal Serum by iTRAQ Proteomics
Authors: Minghui Zheng , Kunhua Hu , Yunwen Bao , Hongmei Lu , Jing Li , Shaowen Wu , Longqiaozi Sun , Chaohui Duan 
Published: July 2018

PurposeIn order to study the candidate biomarkers in autoimmune cirrhosis (AIC).Experimental designIsobaric tags are first implemented for relative and absolute quantitation technology on proteins prepared from serum obtained from AIC and normal controls. Proteins found to be differentially expressed are identified with liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry by using a Q Exactive classic ion trap mass spectrometer.Results108 proteins (32 upregulated and 76 downregulated proteins) are identified from AIC samples, compared with the normal controls. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, KEGG pathway analysis, and protein–protein interaction map by STRING show that they associate with multiple functional groups, including ion binding activity, peptidase activity, and enzyme regulator activity. Finally, the von Willebrand factor, insulin‐like growth factor‐binding protein complex acid labile subunit, transthyretin, adiponectin proteins are identified with western blot as candidate biomarkers for AIC.Conclusions and clinical relevanceThese findings offer a comprehensive profile of the AIC proteome about candidate biomarkers and provide a useful basis for further analysis of the pathogenic mechanism of AIC.
Evaluating resistant brassica trap crops to manage Heterodera schachtii (Schmidt) infestations in eastern England
Authors: Wright Alistair JD , Back Matthew A , Stevens Mark , Sparkes Debbie L 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe beet cyst nematode (BCN), Heterodera schachtii Schmidt, is a plant parasitic nematode that causes severe yield losses in sugar beet. Resistant brassicas (radish and mustard) have been bred to be planted after harvest of the main crop, for example a cereal, and encourage BCN juvenile hatching. The resistant plants stimulate juvenile hatching but are not suitable hosts. Juveniles are unable to complete their lifecycle and thus populations are lowered. This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a range of brassicas in terms of BCN control when grown in infested fields in eastern England.ResultsExperiments used four different radish cultivars, which differed in their resistance to BCN, and one resistant mustard variety. Field experiments were sown in early September in 2016 and 2017. Significant reductions in BCN populations were found only following resistant mustard and the radish with the greatest resistance level.ConclusionsFurther research is needed to understand how best to utilize brassicas and whether they are economically viable when alternative management options for BCN are available. Time of planting may be crucial to fully achieve their BCN‐reducing potential. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Biological activities of extracts from Aspidosperma subincanum Mart. and in silico prediction for inhibition of acetylcholinesterase
Authors: Pereira Rocha Marina , Rodrigues Valadares Campana Priscilla , de Oliveira Scoaris Denise , de Almeida Vera Lúcia , Dias Lopes Júlio César , Fonseca Silva Andréia , Pieters Luc , Gontijo Silva Cláudia 
Published: July 2018

Species of Aspidosperma are traditionally used to treat malaria, leishmaniasis, microbial, and inflammatory diseases. Aspidosperma subincanum Mart. known as “guatambu” is used in Brazilian traditional medicine to treat diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and digestive diseases. Its tonic properties have been employed by the indigenous populations to stimulate the circulatory and genitourinary tracts and to improve respiratory function as well as to relieve spasms and to reduce fever. The species is known to contain antitumoural and antimalarial indole alkaloids. In the present study, various less explored biological activities of extracts from leaves and branches of A. subincanum were investigated, that is, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase as well as antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Twenty‐one known indole alkaloids from this species were targeted for predicting the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, and their biological activities were collected from the literature. Through in silico the prediction, the indole alkaloids uleine and derivatives demonstrated a strong probability of being able to inhibit the acetylcholinesterase enzyme, as well as the olivacine derivatives 3,4‐dihydroolivacine and N‐methyl‐tetrahydro‐olivacine (guatambuine), and the subincanadines C and E. Indeed, the extracts of A. subincanum showed acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, antioxidant activity in the lipid peroxidation assay, and antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and their pharmacological properties should be explored further.
The properties of gelatin film‐neem extract and its effectiveness for preserving minced beef
Authors: Putsakum Gontorn , Lee Dong Sun , Suthiluk Phunsiri , Rawdkuen Saroat 
Published: July 2018

The properties of gelatin films developed from neem extract (NE; Azadirachta indica) were determined. Moreover, the developed films were applied to minced beef to test its effectiveness for preserving the meat. The quality attributes of the minced beef wrapped with the developed film were monitored over a 7‐day period in refrigerated storage (4 ± 1°C) and were compared to a control commercial wrap film (polyvinyl chloride). The addition of NE improved the elongation at break, solubility, and antioxidant activity of the gelatin films. After 7 days of storage, the minced beef wrapped with the experimental film showed the highest a* and weight loss values. Gradually, changes in TBARS were more pronounced in the experimental sample. It was concluded that gelatin film containing NE is a potentially promising film that could help delay oxidative reactions. However, some characteristics of the film (eg, mechanical properties and water vapor permeability) need to be improved before putting them to commercial use.
On polynomial approximations to AC
Authors: Harsha Prahladh , Srinivasan Srikanth 
Published: July 2018

AbstractClassical approximation results show that any circuit of size and depth has an
‐error probabilistic polynomial over the reals of degree . We improve this upper bound to , which is much better for small values of . We then use this result to show that
‐wise independence fools circuits of size and depth up to error at most , improving on Tal's strengthening of Braverman's result that
‐wise independence suffices. To our knowledge, this is the first PRG construction for that achieves optimal dependence on the error . We also prove lower bounds on the best polynomial approximations to . We show that any polynomial approximating the function on bits to a small constant error must have degree at least . This result improves exponentially on a result of Meka, Nguyen, and Vu (Theory Comput. 2016).
Effect of Voltage Range and BiPO4 Coating on the Electrochemical Properties of LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2
Authors: Liu Wanmin , Guo Haihua , Qin Mulan , Deng Jiyong , Xu Lv , Yi Su , Hong Tianli 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBiPO4‐coated LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 (NCA) cathode material is prepared by a precipitation method. Scanning electron microscope and X‐ray diffraction results demonstrate that the morphology and structure of NCA are not affected by BiPO4 layer. Transmission electron microscopy analysis indicates that the thickness of the layer is about 10 nm. Electrochemical properties of NCA and BiPO4‐coated NCA are investigated in different voltage ranges. The results show that the wider the charge and discharge cut‐off voltage is, the larger the specific capacity is, with the initial discharge capacity of 325.0 mAh g−1 within the voltage of 1.5‐4.8 V. The most significant discovery is the charge platform at 2.3‐2.5 V and the discharge platform at around 1.7 V, which accounts for the high capacity properties of NCA. Furthermore, the existence of BiPO4 coating helps to enhance the cycle performance of NCA.
“Groupies” and “Jersey Chasers”: Male Student‐Athletes’ Sexual Relationships and Perceptions of Women
Authors: Nelson Jennifer 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis chapter explores the concept of “groupies” and “jersey chasers.” Hegemonic masculinity and the cultures of entitlement, silence, and protection are used to frame these concepts. Implications are offered for student success, personal development, and for those who work with male athletes.
An Optimized System for Effective Derivation of Three-Dimensional Retinal Tissue via Wnt Signaling Regulation
Authors: Luo Ziming , Zhong Xiufeng , Li Kaijing , Xie Bingbing , Liu Yuchun , Ye Meifang , Li Kang , Xu Chaochao , Ge Jian 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Effective derivation of three-dimensional (3D) retinal tissue from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) could provide models for drug screening and facilitate patient-specific retinal cell replacement therapy. However, some hiPSC lines cannot undergo 3D self-organization and show inadequate differentiation efficiency to meet clinical demand. In this study, we developed an optimized system for derivation of 3D retinal tissue. We found that the Wnt signaling pathway antagonist Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK-1) rescued the inability of differentiated retinal progenitors to self-organize. By evaluating DKK-1 expression and supplying DKK-1 if necessary, retinal organoids were differentiated from six hiPSC lines, which were reprogramed from three common initiating cell types. Retinal tissues derived from the optimized system were well organized and capable of surviving for further maturation. Thus, using this system, we generated retinal tissues from various hiPSC lines with high efficiency. This novel system has many potential applications in regenerative therapy and precision medicine.
Why value sensitive design needs ethical commitments
Authors: Jacobs Naomi , Huldtgren Alina 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCurrently, value sensitive design (VSD) does not commit to a particular ethical theory. Critiques contend that without such an explicit commitment, VSD lacks a methodology for distinguishing genuine moral values from mere stakeholders-preferences and runs the risk of attending to a set of values that is unprincipled or unbounded. We argue that VSD practitioners need to complement it with an ethical theory. We argue in favour of a mid-level ethical theory to fulfil this role.
De-gender them! Gendered vs cooperative division of housework – cross-cultural comparison of Polish and Norwegian students
Authors: Kosakowska-Berezecka Natasza , Jurek Paweł , Besta Tomasz , Korzeniewska Lubomiła , Seibt Beate 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Domestic work has gendered meaning and content of both masculinity and femininity is strongly embedded in the cultural context. In our article, across three studies we analyse the perception of household duties and their division between partners in two countries differing with regard to gender equality levels: Norway and Poland. In our Study 1, Polish (N = 64, 40 women, Mage = 19.97) and Norwegian (N = 45, 27 women, Mage = 24.46) students rated the typicality of domestic duties for women and men in Poland and in Norway. Our results show that feminine-typed or masculine-typed household duties are perceived as less gendered in Norway than in Poland. In the second Study, using a sample consisting of students and internet users from Poland (N = 207, 92 women, Mage = 27.15) and Norway (N = 126, 85 women, Mage = 26.84 (SD = 10.87), we investigated whether there are Polish-Norwegian differences with regard to willingness to be more involved in household obligations. Overall, Norwegian men and women were more willing to perform household tasks. This result also found confirmation in results obtained with larger representative samples in Study 3. Using European Social Survey records of 889 Poles (429 women, Mage = 47.02) and 990 Norwegians (452 women, Mage = 49.38) we compared data concerning men’s and women’s perception of their and their partners’ contribution to housework. Our results show that cultural context can relate to the perception of household duties that are perceived more gender-neutral in Norway than in Poland.
Motion with Caution: Jan Vansina and the Last Two Thousand Years of the Southern African Past
Authors: Chirikure Shadreck 
Published: July 2018

Abstract:This contribution argues that Vansina’s methodological rigor and deep reading of the dynamic nature of African communities across space and time ranks him as one of the most effective pioneers and research leaders in African history. His work on oral traditions and the necessity of reviewing generally accepted narratives, provided tools to a continent that was often ridiculed for not having a history. Although Vansina’s work had its limitations, and few of his writings were provocative to some, it firmly rebutted the idea that Africa was a traditional and forever unchanging continent.
The relationship between character viewpoint gesture and narrative structure in children
Authors: PARRILL FEY , LAVANTY BRITTANY , BENNETT AUSTIN , KLCO ALAYNA , DEMIR-LIRA OZLEM ECE 
Published: July 2018

abstractWhen children tell stories, they gesture; their gestures can predict how their narrative abilities will progress. Five-year-olds who gestured from the point of view of a character (CVPT gesture) when telling stories produced better-structured narratives at later ages (Demir, Levine, & Goldin-Meadow, 2014). But does gesture just predict narrative structure, or can asking children to gesture in a particular way change their narratives? To explore this question, we instructed children to produce CVPT gestures and measured their narrative structure. Forty-four kindergarteners were asked to tell stories after being trained to produce CVPT gestures, gestures from an observer’s viewpoint (OVPT gestures), or after no instruction in gesture. Gestures were coded as CVPT or OVPT, and stories were scored for narrative structure. Children trained to produce CVPT gestures produced more of these gestures, and also had higher narrative structure scores compared to those who received the OVPT training. Children returned for a follow-up session one week later and narrated the stories again. The training received in the first session did not impact narrative structure or recall for the events of the stories. Overall, these results suggest a brief gestural intervention has the potential to enhance narrative structure. Due to the fact that stronger narrative abilities have been correlated with greater success in developing writing and reading skills at later ages, this research has important implications for literacy and education.
The use of an ostial stent does not increase the success rate of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy
Authors: Dinc M E , Ulusoy S , Sahin E , Bozan N , Avincsal M O , Tutar B , Uyar Y 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectiveThis prospective, controlled study assessed how placing a stent into a newly formed ostium affects ostial patency, success and complication rates in endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy patients.MethodsIn group 1 (40 eyes of 36 patients), both silicone tube intubation and tube stenting were performed. In group 2 (36 eyes of 34 patients), only silicone tube intubation was performed. Success, operative time and post-surgical complications were investigated two months post-operatively in each group.ResultsThe success rates were 92.5 per cent and 83.3 per cent for groups 1 and 2 respectively, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.294). The complication rates also differed between the two groups, but this was again insignificant.ConclusionCompared with the use of a silicone tube alone, the addition of an ostial stent did not significantly increase the success rate of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.
Familial clustering of cardiac conditions in patients with anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery and myocardial bridges
Authors: Agrawal Hitesh , Mery Carlos M. , Sexson Tejtel S. Kristen , Fraser Charles D. , McKenzie E. Dean , Qureshi Athar M. , Molossi Silvana 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundAnomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery is the second leading cause of sudden cardiac arrest/death in young athletes in the United States of America. Limited data are available regarding family history in this patient population.MethodsPatients were evaluated prospectively from 12/2012 to 02/2017 in the Coronary Anomalies Program at Texas Children’s Hospital. Relevant family history included the presence of CHD, sudden cardiac arrest/death, arrhythmia/pacemaker use, cardiomyopathy, and atherosclerotic coronary artery disease before the age of 50 years. The presence of one or more of these in 1st- or 2nd-degree relatives was considered significant.ResultsOf 168 unrelated probands (171 patients total) included, 36 (21%) had significant family history involving 19 (53%) 1st-degree and 17 (47%) 2nd-degree relatives. Positive family history led to cardiology referral in nine (5%) patients and the presence of abnormal tests/symptoms in the remaining patients. Coronary anomalies in probands with positive family history were anomalous right (27), anomalous left (five), single right coronary artery (two), myocardial bridge (one), and anomalous circumflex coronary artery (one). Conditions present in their family members included sudden cardiac arrest/death (15, 42%), atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (14, 39%), cardiomyopathy (12, 33%), CHD (11, 31%), coronary anomalies (3, 8%), myocardial bridge (1, 3%), long-QT syndrome (2, 6%), and Wolff–Parkinson–White (1, 3%).ConclusionIn patients with anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery and/or myocardial bridges, there appears to be familial clustering of cardiac diseases in approximately 20% of patients, half of these with early occurrence of sudden cardiac arrest/death in the family.
Beta transform and discounted aggregate claims under dependency
Authors: Zhang Zhehao , Li Shuanming 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis paper starts with the Beta transform and discusses the stochastic ordering properties of this transform under different parameter settings. Later, the distribution of discounted aggregate claims in a compound renewal risk model with dependence between inter-claim times and claim sizes is studied. Recursive formulas for moments and joint moments are expressed in terms of the Beta transform of the inter-claim times and claim severities. Particularly, our moments formula is more explicit and computation-friendly than earlier ones in the references. Lastly, numerical examples are provided to illustrate our results.
Stochastic processes govern invasion success in microbial communities when the invader is phylogenetically close to resident bacteria
Authors: Kinnunen Marta , Dechesne Arnaud , Albrechtsen Hans-Jørgen , Smets Barth F 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Despite recent efforts in identifying the determinants of invasion in microbial communities, experimental observations across different ecosystems are inconclusive. While relationships between resident community diversity and invasion success are often noted, community diversity says little about community assembly processes. Community assembly processes may provide a more inclusive framework to explain—and potentially prevent or facilitate—invasion. Here we let replicate nitrite-oxidizing bacterial guilds assemble under different conditions from a natural source community and study their compositional patterns to infer the relative importance of the assembly processes. Then, an invader strain from that same guild was introduced at one of three propagule pressures. We found no significant correlation between community diversity and invasion success. Instead, we observed that the effect of selection on invasion success was surpassed by the effect of drift, as inferred from the substantial influence of propagule pressure on invasion success. This dominance of drift can probably be generalized to other invasion cases with high phylogenetic similarity between invader and resident community members. In these situations, our results suggest that attempting to modulate the invasibility of a community by altering its diversity is futile because stochastic processes determine the invasion outcome. Increasing or reducing propagule pressure is then deemed the most efficient avenue to enhance or limit invasion success.
Thermal sensitivity of CO2 and CH4 emissions varies with streambed sediment properties
Authors: Comer-Warner Sophie A. , Romeijn Paul , Gooddy Daren C. , Ullah Sami , Kettridge Nicholas , Marchant Benjamin , Hannah David M. , Krause Stefan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractGlobally, rivers and streams are important sources of carbon dioxide and methane, with small rivers contributing disproportionately relative to their size. Previous research on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from surface water lacks mechanistic understanding of contributions from streambed sediments. We hypothesise that streambeds, as known biogeochemical hotspots, significantly contribute to the production of GHGs. With global climate change, there is a pressing need to understand how increasing streambed temperatures will affect current and future GHG production. Current global estimates assume linear relationships between temperature and GHG emissions from surface water. Here we show non-linearity and threshold responses of streambed GHG production to warming. We reveal that temperature sensitivity varies with substrate (of variable grain size), organic matter (OM) content and geological origin. Our results confirm that streambeds, with their non-linear response to projected warming, are integral to estimating freshwater ecosystem contributions to current and future global GHG emissions.