bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of relationship between IT staff and users on employee outcomes of IT users
Authors: Jia Lin , Hall Dianne , Yan Zhijun , Liu Junjiang , Byrd Terry 
Published: July 2018

PurposeFirms invest much money in information technology (IT) since IT support has been recognized as a critical enabler of employee outcomes. However, the value obtained by organizations and their employees is not always as much as they anticipated because of, at least partly, a poor relationship between IT staff and users. The purpose of this paper is to apply the social capital theory to examine relationship management between IT and business and explores mechanisms through which social capital between IT staff and users affect users’ employee outcomes, including job satisfaction and job performance.Design/methodology/approachBased on social capital theory and past literature, the researchers propose a research model and explore the effect of social capital on knowledge sharing, IT users’ perceived service quality, job satisfaction and ultimately job performance. Based on a survey of 289 respondents, this study applies the partial least square technique to test the research model.FindingsMediation test was performed to explore the effect mechanisms of social capital on employee outcomes, and the results indicate that three dimensions of social capital affect IT users’ job satisfaction and job performance in different approaches.Originality/valueThis study uses social capital theory to direct how to improve the poor relationship between IT staff and users and provides a useful insight into the mechanisms through which three dimensions of social capital improve users’ job satisfaction and job performance.
Effects of mergers on processed milk market in Kenya
Authors: Nderitu Patrick Chege , Ndiritu Simon Wagura 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to determine the effects of the mergers and acquisitions on market prices, consumer welfare and aggregate profit of the merging firms and those of the non-merging firms and, therefore, answer the question on the overall effect of mergers and acquisitions on different performance measures on milk market using data from all the 34 licensed and active milk processors in Kenya.

Design/methodology/approach
A new model of analysis as developed from the Canadian Competition Policy maker, i.e. The Canadian Competition Policy merger simulation model, was used.

Findings
The study found that mergers and acquisitions lead to increase in market shares of the merging firms. The study also found that mergers and acquisitions have a significant effect on product price in the processed milk market. From the findings, the study concludes that mergers and acquisition not only lead to an increase in market shares of both merging and non-merging processed milk firms but also create market dominance due to reduction in the number of market players in the industry.

Research limitations/implications
The study uses the data for the licensed and active milk processors in the industry. The dormant and the non-licensed processors are excluded. Future studies can use the farm-gate prices as opposed to final consumer prices for the processed milk market.

Originality/value
The study contributes toward providing information on the effect of buyouts on social welfares, prices, market share, profitability and other relevant market equilibrium performance measures in the processed milk market in Kenya.
Cereal consumption and marketing responses by rural smallholders under rising cereal prices
Authors: Mottaleb Khondoker Abdul , Rahut Dil Bahadur 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
International commodity prices have escalated to an unprecedented level since 2008. Although commodity prices have declined recently, prices are still high compared to the pre-2008 levels. Combining this market phenomenon with Bangladesh Government’s Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) data sets HIES 2005 and HIES 2010, and applying the seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) estimation process, the purpose of this paper is to examine paddy rice marketing, and the cereal and non-cereal food expenditure behavior of rural smallholders in Bangladesh under rising commodity prices.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses information collected by the Government of Bangladesh and applies two-step Heckman-type selection model estimation procedure, first to estimate total rice production by the rice production self-sufficiency status of the household. Second, the study estimates the paddy marketing behavior by the households by their rice self-sufficiency status under rising commodity price regime applying SUR estimation process combing with Heckman’s selection model estimation procedure.

Findings
Empirical findings demonstrate that there was no positive assertion between higher paddy rice prices and paddy rice marketing by the rural smallholders. Rather, under the rising commodity price regime, smallholders significantly reduced consumption expenditure on high food value-enriched non-cereal food items to adjust to the market shocks.

Research limitations/implications
This is a Bangladesh-based case study. Individual country-level case studies should be conducted in order to generalize the findings of the present study.

Originality/value
The present study warns that the market volatility may discourage farm households to market their cereals more due to uncertain future. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first attempt to explore the cereal marketing behavior of the farm households in Bangladesh under commodity price hikes by the rice production self-sufficiency status of the farm households.
Understanding police officer resistance to body-worn cameras
Authors: Huff Jessica , Katz Charles M. , Webb Vincent J. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
Body-worn cameras (BWCs) have been adopted in police agencies across the USA in efforts to increase police transparency and accountability. This widespread implementation has occurred despite some notable resistance to BWCs from police officers in some jurisdictions. This resistance poses a threat to the appropriate implementation of this technology and adherence to BWC policies. The purpose of this paper is to examine factors that could explain variation in officer receptivity to BWCs.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors assess differences between officers who volunteered to wear a BWC and officers who resisted wearing a BWC as part of a larger randomized controlled trial of BWCs in the Phoenix Police Department. The authors specifically examine whether officer educational attainment, prior use of a BWC, attitudes toward BWCs, perceptions of organizational justice, support for procedural justice, noble cause beliefs, and official measures of officer activity predict receptivity to BWCs among 125 officers using binary logistic regression.

Findings
The findings indicate limited differences between BWC volunteers and resistors. Volunteers did have higher levels of educational attainment and were more likely to agree that BWCs improve citizen behaviors, relative to their resistant counterparts. Interestingly, there were no differences in perceptions of organizational justice, self-initiated activities, use of force, or citizen complaints between these groups.

Originality/value
Though a growing body of research has examined the impact of BWCs on officer use of force and citizen complaints, less research has examined officer attitudes toward the adoption of this technology. Extant research in this area largely focusses on general perceptions of BWCs, as opposed to officer characteristics that could predict receptivity to BWCs. This paper addresses this limitation in the research.
Effects of the sea floor topography on the 1D inversion of time‐domain marine controlled source electromagnetic data
Authors: Cai Ji , Tezkan Bülent , Li Yuguo 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTTime‐domain marine controlled source electromagnetic methods have been used successfully for the detection of resistive targets such as hydrocarbons, gas hydrate, or marine groundwater aquifers. As the application of time‐domain marine controlled source electromagnetic methods increases, surveys in areas with a strong seabed topography are inevitable. In these cases, an important question is whether bathymetry information should be included in the interpretation of the measured electromagnetic field or not. Since multi‐dimensional inversion is still not common in time‐domain marine controlled source electromagnetic methods, bathymetry effects on the 1D inversion of single‐offset and multi‐offset joint inversions of time‐domain controlled source electromagnetic methods data are investigated. We firstly used an adaptive finite element algorithm to calculate the time‐domain controlled source electromagnetic methods responses of 2D resistivity models with seafloor topography. Then, 1D inversions are applied on the synthetic data derived from marine resistivity models, including the topography in order to study the possible topography effects on the 1D interpretation. To evaluate the effects of topography with various steepness, the slope angle of the seabed topography is varied in the synthetic modelling studies for deep water (air interaction is absent or very weak) and shallow water (air interaction is dominant), respectively. Several different patterns of measuring configurations are considered, such as the systems adopting nodal receivers and the bottom‐towed system. According to the modelling results for deep water when air interaction is absent, the 2D topography can distort the measured electric field. The distortion of the data increases gradually with the enlarging of the topography's slope angle. In our test, depending on the configuration, the seabed topography does not affect the 1D interpretation significantly if the slope angle is less or around 10°. However, if the slope angle increases to 30° or more, it is possible that significant artificial layers occur in inversion results and lead to a wrong interpretation. In a shallow water environment with seabed topography, where the air interaction dominates, it is possible to uncover the true subsurface resistivity structure if the water depth for the 1D inversion is properly chosen. In our synthetic modelling, this scheme can always present a satisfactory data fit in the 1D inversion if only one offset is used in the inversion process. However, the determination of the optimal water depth for a multi‐offset joint inversion is challenging due to the various air interaction for different offsets.
Yuyanapaq no entra: ritual dimensions of post‐transitional justice in Peru
Authors: Feldman Joseph P. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe anthropology of transitional justice has emphasized the ritual aspects of truth commissions but offered less analysis of the conventions through which narratives produced by such institutions come to be viewed over time. A controversy in Peru that centred on a new national museum's possible incorporation of a photo exhibit (Yuyanapaq) created by the Peruvian Truth and Reconciliation Commission (2001‐3) provides an opportunity to explore this problematic. Documenting the disagreements that ultimately led to Yuyanapaq's exclusion from the museum, I suggest that an emphasis on ritual outcomes – including perceived shortcomings and failures – is useful for understanding the long‐term trajectory of national reconciliation initiatives.
Sleep‐disordered breathing and electrocardiographic QRS‐T angle: The MESA study
Authors: Kwon Younghoon , Misialek Jeffrey R. , Duprez Daniel , Jacobs David R. , Alonso Alvaro , Heckbert Susan R. , Zhao Ying Y. , Redline Susan , Soliman Elsayed Z. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIntroductionSleep‐disordered breathing (SDB) has been linked to sudden cardiac death (SCD) but the mechanism is unclear. Abnormal QRS‐T angle, a novel electrocardiographic (ECG) marker of ventricular repolarization, has been linked to adverse cardiovascular outcomes including SCD. We hypothesized that individuals with SDB have more pronounced abnormality in QRS‐T angle.MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional analysis from the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) Exam Sleep ancillary study. We calculated the odds ratio (OR) of abnormal frontal and spatial QRS‐T angle (defined as >sex‐specific 95th percentile thresholds) related to the apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) using logistic regression, adjusting for demographics, body habitus, cardiovascular risks, and prevalent cardiovascular disease. Linear associations between AHI and frontal and spatial QRS‐T angle, separately, were also examined using multiple regression models.ResultsA total of 1,804 participants (mean age 67.9 (±9.0) years, 55.3% women and 64.1% non‐whites) were included in the study. Sleep‐disordered breathing was common among participants (median AHI 8.6 events/hr IQR [3.2–19.5/hr]). Higher AHI was associated with the odds of abnormal frontal (≥81° in men and ≥79° in women) and spatial QRS‐T angle (≥129.7° in men and ≥115.9° in women; OR [95%CI]: 1.25 [1.02–1.51], p = 0.03; 1.23 [1.01‐1.50], p = 0.04 respectively per 1 SD [16.8 events/hr] increase in AHI). Similarly, linear associations were observed (frontal QRS‐T angle: beta coefficient: 2.30° [0.92, 3.66], p = 0.001; spatial QRS‐T angle: beta coefficient: 2.16° [0.67, 3.64], p = 0.005).ConclusionIn a racially/ethnically diverse community cohort, severity of SDB is associated with abnormal ventricular repolarization as measured by QRS‐T angle.
A score‐based method for quality control of fetal hard palate assessment during routine second‐trimester ultrasound examination
Authors: Fuchs Florent , Burlat Julie , Grosjean Fréderic , Rayssiguier Romy , Captier Guillaume , Faure Jean‐Michel , Dumont Coralie 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIntroductionWhen an orofacial cleft lip is discovered, precise characterization of this malformation is necessary, especially the extension of this cleft to the secondary palate. We aimed to develop and evaluate the feasibility/reproducibility of a score‐based quality control for the visualization of the fetal hard palate during the second‐trimester scan.Material and methodsAll ultrasound images of fetal hard palate assessed routinely during second‐trimester scan were retrospectively retrieved for a 6‐month period. One hundred of these images were randomly selected and analyzed by two blinded reviewers, according to a scoring system (0‐6 points). Criteria retained in the score were complete palate bone horizontal plate, presence of two pterygoid processes, visible alveolar ridge, and horizontal axis of insonation. A score ≥4 defined images of good quality. Inter‐ and intra‐reviewer reproducibility was assessed.ResultsInter‐reviewer reproducibility was excellent with significant correlation (Pearson coefficient 0.953; P < .0001), global adjusted κ coefficient (0.86, 95% CI 0.79‐0.94) and individual criteria adjusted κ coefficient always > 0.8. Rates of images of good quality (score ≥ 4) were 75%‐77%, also with excellent agreement (κ coefficient 0.89, 95% CI 0.79‐0.99). Intra‐reviewer reproducibility retrieved the same results (excellent agreement) except for the axis of insonation (satisfactory agreement).ConclusionsThis simple image scoring system for the fetal palate is easy, has excellent inter‐ and intra‐reviewer reproducibility and could also help sonographers to correctly identify the palate structure.
Effect of single and multiple doses of elobixibat, an ileal bile acid transporter inhibitor, on chronic constipation: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kumagai Yuji , Amano Hideki , Sasaki Yoshinobu , Nakagawa Chie , Maeda Mika , Oikawa Ichiro , Furuie Hidetoshi 
Published: June 2018

AimsElobixibat is a minimally absorbed ileal bile acid transporter inhibitor. This study aimed to investigate the safety, tolerability, efficacy, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of elobixibat in Japanese patients with chronic constipation.MethodsThis study consisted of single‐dose and multiple‐dose tests with a dose‐escalating design. Sixty patients including females and males were randomized into five dose levels of elobixibat (2.5, 5, 10, 15 or 20 mg, n = 10 per level) and corresponding placebo (n = 2 per group). A crossover design was used to examine food effect in single‐dose test. Patients received test tablets once daily for 14 days in multiple‐dose test. We assessed pharmacokinetic‐dose proportionality, levels of serum high‐ and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and plasma 7α‐hydroxy‐4‐cholesten‐3‐one (C4), food effect and sex‐specific effect. Adverse events and bowel functions such as bowel movements, stool consistency and straining were also evaluated.ResultsFood consumption reduced systemic exposure by around 80% [e.g. least squares mean (ratio of breakfast/no breakfast) maximum plasma concentration: 0.2085 (90% confidence interval, 0.1371–0.3172) at 15 mg] while increased plasma C4 level (P < 0.001). In the multiple‐dose test, elobixibat reduced low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and increased C4 whilst unaltering high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol level. The increased spontaneous bowel movement frequency was correlated with higher dosage and higher C4 level (R2 = 0.5929 at Week 2). Adverse events were mainly gastrointestinal symptoms, most of which were mild.ConclusionsElobixibat should be taken before breakfast. Once‐daily administration of elobixibat was found to be safe and tolerated up to 20 mg in female and male patients with chronic constipation.
Young Children's Theory of Mind Predicts More Sharing With Friends Over Time
Authors: Vonk Jennifer , Jett Stephanie E. , Tomeny Theodore S. , Mercer Sterett H. , Cwikla Julie 
Published: June 2018

Children (predominantly white and middle class) between 3 and 6 years (M = 55.12 months, N = 145 at Time 1, N = 102 at Time 2) participated in the prosocial choice test at two time points approximately 10 months apart. Children could share with strangers, close friends, nonfriends, and in a control, no recipient condition. Children shared more rewards with friends over time. Age interacted with recipient type such that older children had a higher probability of prosocial allocations toward friends and strangers compared to younger children. Theory of mind (ToM) predicted more prosocial allocations to friends over time, and the youngest children with higher ToM scores showed the largest increase in sharing with friends over time.
Prevalence and clinicopathological characteristics of lipomatous neurofibromas in neurofibromatosis 1: An investigation of 229 cutaneous neurofibromas and a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Rozza‐de‐Menezes Rafaela Elvira , Brum Carolina de Almeida Ito , Gaglionone Nicolle Cavalcante , de Sousa Almeida Lilian Machado , Andrade‐Losso Raquel Machado , Paiva Brenda Vasconcelos Barboza , Faveret Pedro Leonardo Sanches , da Silva André Vallejo , Siqueira Orlando Hiroshi Kiono , Riccardi Vincent M. , Cunha Karin Soares 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundLipomatous neurofibroma (Lnf) is a histopathological variant with adipocytes noted among cells of cutaneous neurofibromas. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and clinicopathological features of Lnfs of neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1)‐associated cutaneous neurofibromas and to review the literature systematically. We also evaluated the expression of leptin (a hormone involved in lipid metabolism) in neurofibromas to better understand the pathogenesis of Lnfs.MethodsA prospective histologic study was conducted on 229 cutaneous neurofibromas from 85 NF1 individuals. Leptin expression was immunohistochemically evaluated in 111 cutaneous neurofibromas. To systematically review the literature, two authors independently performed literature searches without year restriction.ResultsForty (17.5%) neurofibromas were lipomatous. Lnfs were significantly larger lesions and associated with females. Eighteen (7.9%) of all neurofibromas had multinucleated floret‐like giant cells, and these were associated with Lnfs. All neurofibromas expressed leptin. We systematically reviewed 13 articles. Three large studies investigated Lnfs mainly in sporadic neurofibromas and suggested that 0.3% to 8.0% of tumors (NF1 and sporadic) are Lnfs.ConclusionIn NF1, Lnfs are common, mainly in larger tumors and women. All cutaneous NF1‐neurofibromas express leptin. It is unknown if the expression of leptin accounts for the lipomatous variant, but it may have a role in the pathogenesis of cutaneous neurofibroma.
Predation rate and performance of three ladybirds against the green peach aphid Myzus persicae in sweet pepper
Authors: Beltrà Aleixandre , Wäckers Felix L. , Nedvěd Oldřich , Pekas Apostolos 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMyzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the most common and harmful pest species attacking sweet pepper. Here, we compared the predation rate and performance of Adalia bipunctata (L.), Hippodamia variegata (Goeze), and Scymnus interruptus Goeze (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) fed on M. persicae infesting sweet pepper. In the laboratory, when offered 150 aphids daily, A. bipunctata was the most voracious species (predation per adult female of 122.7 aphids per 24 h) followed by H. variegata (87.7) and S. interruptus (27.3). When offered 50 aphids, 92% of the S. interruptus larvae developed to adults, 48% of H. variegata, and only 7% of A. bipunctata. In greenhouse experiments, A. bipunctata completely eradicated the aphid population within 2 days following release, whereas H. variegata and S. interruptus initially reduced the aphid population; however, in the long‐term, the infestation was not controlled. Adults of A. bipunctata remained on the plants even in the absence of prey but they laid almost no eggs. Very few adults of H. variegata and S. interruptus were recorded on the plants despite the presence of prey, yet egg laying was observed. Overall, A. bipunctata had an immediate impact on the aphids and is more suitable for curative releases. However, it showed limited potential to establish in the crop. Due to their capacity to complete development with low prey availability, the potential of H. variegata and S. interruptus for preventative releases against aphids in greenhouse crops should be studied further.
Effects of tree species diversity on insect herbivory and leaf defences in Cordia dodecandra
Authors: Rosado‐Sánchez Silvia , Parra‐Tabla Víctor , Betancur‐Ancona David , Moreira Xoaquín , Abdala‐Roberts Luis 
Published: July 2018

1. It is broadly accepted that plant diversity influences plant–herbivore interactions, yet few studies have separated damage by different herbivore species and simultaneously tested for effects on herbivory and plant defences to elucidate the mechanisms underlying such effects.2. This study tested for effects of tree species diversity on leaf damage by beetle larvae and caterpillars on Cordia dodecandra in a diversity experiment, and measured leaf chemical and physical traits to assess whether differences in herbivory underlie changes in plant traits.3. Four year‐old trees were sampled in 21 × 21‐m plots classified as monocultures of C. dodecandra or mixtures of this species plus three other tree species. Herbivory by beetle larvae and caterpillars was estimated, and we subsequently collected undamaged leaves to quantify total phenolics and condensed tannins, trichome density, and specific leaf area.4. A significant effect of diversity on herbivory by beetle larvae was found, with mixtures exhibiting an 80% lower mean value than monocultures. By contrast, there was no diversity effect on caterpillar herbivory. Additionally, a positive relationship was found between beetle larvae (but not caterpillar) damage and plant chemical defences, yet there was no effect of diversity on defences. Specific leaf area was higher and trichome density tended to be lower in mixtures than in monocultures, but neither trait was associated with herbivory, and damage did not explain diversity effects on these traits.5. These findings emphasise the importance of separating diversity effects on different herbivore species and measuring plant traits associated with herbivory to better understand controls of diversity on plant–herbivore interactions.