bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research hotspots and trends of neuroimaging in social anxiety: a CiteSpace bibliometric analysis based on Web of Science and Scopus database
Authors: Zhang Peng , Zhang Jianing , Wang Mingliang , Feng Shuyuan , Yuan Yuqing , Ding Lin 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundThis study focused on the research hotspots and development trends of the neuroimaging of social anxiety (SA) in the past 25 years.MethodsWe selected 1,305 studies on SA neuroimaging from the Web of Science and Scopus from January 1998 to December 2023. CiteSpace was used to analyze the number of published articles visually, cited references, cooperation among authors and institutions, co-occurrence of keywords, clustering of keywords, burst of keywords, and time zone of co-occurring keywords.ResultsA total of 1,305 articles were included, and the annual number of articles published over nearly 25 years showed the overall trend is on the rise. The analysis of author and institutional collaboration reveals that most authors collaborate closely. Among them, the team led by Pine, Daniel S published 59 articles, making it the most central team. Harvard University is identified as the most central institution in this network. The research hotspots can be categorized into four areas: research techniques, cognitive processing research areas, core brain regions and brain networks, and the neural predictors of treatment outcomes in SA. The most recent burst keywords are “cognitive behavioral therapy,” “systematic review,” “machine learning,” “major clinical study,” “transcranial direct current stimulation,” “depression,” and “outcome assessment,” which provided clues on research frontiers. Based on the burst map and keyword time zone map, it appears that exploring the activity of brain regions involved in cognitive processing, such as face processing and attentional bias, as well as the comorbidity of SA and depression, through brain imaging technology, using brain signals as predictors of treatment outcomes in SA.ConclusionThis study conducted a comprehensive, objective, and visual analysis of publications, and revealed hot topics and trends concerning the study of the brain mechanism of SA from 1998 to 2023. This work might assist researchers in identifying new insights on potential collaborators and institutions, hot topics, and research directions.
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor promotes regeneration of severed facial nerve in rats
Authors: Fujimaki Yoko , Kondo Kenji , Nishijima Hironobu , Kikuta Shu , Yamasoba Tatsuya 
Published: December 2024

Background and aimThe administration of growth and neurotrophic factors has been attempted experimentally as a new therapeutic strategy for severe facial paralysis. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has an effect on the treatment of central nervous system injuries, such as cerebral infarction and spinal cord injury. This study aimed at examining the effects of G-CSF on facial nerve regeneration in rats.MethodsThe left facial nerve of rats was either partially resected (resection group) or severed and sutured (suture group) at the main trunk outside the temporal bone. In each surgical group, saline or G-CSF was administered via the gelatin hydrogel drug delivery system. The suture group was further divided into two subgroups for the late administration of G-CSF (2 weeks after surgical treatment) or immediate administration of G-CSF after surgical treatment. Recovery of the facial nerve was assessed by the evaluation of facial movements (after 12 weeks), complex muscle action potential amplitude measurements (after 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks), electroneurography values (after 12 weeks), and histological evaluation (comparison of myelinated axon diameters among the groups).ResultsRecovery of the function and morphology of damaged nerves was faster in the suture groups than in the resection group. In the suture groups, recovery was faster for G-CSF-treated rats than for saline-treated rats. Furthermore, recovery was faster in the group that received G-CSF immediately after surgical treatment than in the group that received G-CSF 2 weeks later. However, the group that received G-CSF 2 weeks later also showed faster recovery than did the control group.ConclusionG-CSF effectively promoted nerve regeneration during facial nerve paralysis. Thus, G-CSF may be a potential treatment strategy for injured facial nerves as it has been safely administered in clinical treatments for hematological diseases.
Decoding diets: insights on ultra-processed food consumption among Lebanese adults from the updated LEBANese natiONal food consumption survey (LEBANON-FCS)
Authors: Khattar Maroun , Tzenios Nikolaos , Antar Esraa , Malli Dana ,   The Adults-Lebanon-FCS Group, Hoteit Maha 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionUltra-processed foods are evident to play a role in the development of nutrition-related non-communicable diseases (NR-NCDs). There’s a scarcity of data in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) regarding ultra-processed food consumption, which highlights the need for such data in this region that is witnessing a nutrition transition. This study was conducted to assess the dietary pattern of Lebanese adults according to different degrees of food processing.MethodsA cross-sectional study involving a nationally representative sample (n = 444) of Lebanese adults (18–64 years) was conducted over the course of 5 months. A validated food frequency questionnaire and two non-consecutive 24-h recalls were used to collect the dietary intake. Sociodemographic and medical characteristics were collected using a validated questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements were taken by trained dietitians. Food items were classified according to the NOVA food classification system, and the percent contribution of every type of processing to the energy intake was calculated.ResultsUltra-processed foods contributed to the highest percent of energy intake in the sample (46.7%), followed by unprocessed and minimally processed foods (39.6%). Being male, and younger increased the odds of higher ultra-processed food intake; being employed and food secure increased the odds of a higher NOVA-UPF score. Compared with participants in Beirut, participants residing in North Lebanon and Akkar had higher odds of having a high UPF intake and lower odds of having a high NOVA-UPF score. The three most contributing food items to energy intake were ultra-processed (breads and breakfast cereals, fast foods, sweets and desserts). Compared to the unprocessed and minimally processed food diet fraction, the ultra-processed food diet fraction was significantly higher in sodium and thiamin and lower in proteins, fiber, and essential vitamins and minerals such as vitamins A, D, B12, folate, iron, calcium, and magnesium.ConclusionUPF intake was the main contributor to TEI, and the intake was considerably higher among those who reported having renal disease, younger adults, and males. In comparison to the minimally processed diet fraction, the UPF diet fraction was found to have considerably greater levels of sodium and thiamin and lower levels of proteins, fiber, and essential vitamins and minerals. The study findings call for public health policies and interventions to encourage the consumption of minimally processed foods and decrease the consumption of ultra-processed foods, especially sweets and sweetened beverages, which are especially problematic.
Nernst–Planck–Gaussian finite element modelling of Ca2+ electrodiffusion in amphibian striated muscle transverse tubule–sarcoplasmic reticular triadic junctional domains
Authors: Rodríguez Marco D. , Morris Joshua A. , Bardsley Oliver J. , Matthews Hugh R. , Huang Christopher L.-H. 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionIntracellular Ca2+ signalling regulates membrane permeabilities, enzyme activity, and gene transcription amongst other functions. Large transmembrane Ca2+ electrochemical gradients and low diffusibility between cell compartments potentially generate short-lived, localised, high-[Ca2+] microdomains. The highest concentration domains likely form between closely apposed membranes, as at amphibian skeletal muscle transverse tubule–sarcoplasmic reticular (T-SR, triad) junctions.Materials and methodsFinite element computational analysis characterised the formation and steady state and kinetic properties of the Ca2+ microdomains using established empirical physiological and anatomical values. It progressively incorporated Fick diffusion and Nernst–Planck electrodiffusion gradients, K+, Cl−, and Donnan protein, and calmodulin (CaM)-mediated Ca2+ buffering. It solved for temporal–spatial patterns of free and buffered Ca2+, Gaussian charge differences, and membrane potential changes, following Ca2+ release into the T-SR junction.ResultsComputational runs using established low and high Ca2+ diffusibility (DCa2+) limits both showed that voltages arising from intracytosolic total [Ca2+] gradients and the counterions little affected microdomain formation, although elevated DCa2+ reduced attained [Ca2+] and facilitated its kinetics. Contrastingly, adopting known cytosolic CaM concentrations and CaM-Ca2+ affinities markedly increased steady-state free ([Ca2+]free) and total ([Ca2+]), albeit slowing microdomain formation, all to extents reduced by high DCa2+. However, both low and high DCa2+ yielded predictions of similar, physiologically effective, [Ca2+-CaM]. This Ca2+ trapping by the relatively immobile CaM particularly increased [Ca2+] at the junction centre. [Ca2+]free, [Ca2+-CaM], [Ca2+], and microdomain kinetics all depended on both CaM-Ca2+ affinity and DCa2+. These changes accompanied only small Gaussian (∼6 mV) and surface charge (∼1 mV) effects on tubular transmembrane potential at either DCa2+.ConclusionThese physical predictions of T-SR Ca2+ microdomain formation and properties are compatible with the microdomain roles in Ca2+ and Ca2+-CaM-mediated signalling but limited the effects on tubular transmembrane potentials. CaM emerges as a potential major regulator of both the kinetics and the extent of microdomain formation. These possible cellular Ca2+ signalling roles are discussed in relation to possible feedback modulation processes sensitive to the μM domain but not nM bulk cytosolic, [Ca2+]free, and [Ca2+-CaM], including ryanodine receptor-mediated SR Ca2+ release; Na+, K+, and Cl− channel-mediated membrane excitation and stabilisation; and Na+/Ca2+ exchange transport.
A motor imagery classification model based on hybrid brain-computer interface and multitask learning of electroencephalographic and electromyographic deep features
Authors: Cao Yingyu , Gao Shaowei , Yu Huixian , Zhao Zhenxi , Zang Dawei , Wang Chun 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveExtracting deep features from participants’ bioelectric signals and constructing models are key research directions in motor imagery (MI) classification tasks. In this study, we constructed a multimodal multitask hybrid brain-computer interface net (2M-hBCINet) based on deep features of electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) to effectively accomplish motor imagery classification tasks.MethodsThe model first used a variational autoencoder (VAE) network for unsupervised learning of EEG and EMG signals to extract their deep features, and subsequently applied the channel attention mechanism (CAM) to select these deep features and highlight the advantageous features and minimize the disadvantageous ones. Moreover, in this study, multitask learning (MTL) was applied to train the 2M-hBCINet model, incorporating the primary task that is the MI classification task, and auxiliary tasks including EEG reconstruction task, EMG reconstruction task, and a feature metric learning task, each with distinct loss functions to enhance the performance of each task. Finally, we designed module ablation experiments, multitask learning comparison experiments, multi-frequency band comparison experiments, and muscle fatigue experiments. Using leave-one-out cross-validation(LOOCV), the accuracy and effectiveness of each module of the 2M-hBCINet model were validated using the self-made MI-EEMG dataset and the public datasets WAY-EEG-GAL and ESEMIT.ResultsThe results indicated that compared to comparative models, the 2M-hBCINet model demonstrated good performance and achieved the best results across different frequency bands and under muscle fatigue conditions.ConclusionThe 2M-hBCINet model constructed based on EMG and EEG data innovatively in this study demonstrated excellent performance and strong generalization in the MI classification task. As an excellent end-to-end model, 2M-hBCINet can be generalized to be used in EEG-related fields such as anomaly detection and emotion analysis.
Physiological traits, gene expression responses, and proteomics of rice varieties varying in heat stress tolerance at the flowering stage
Authors: Guo Hui , Tao Wei , Gao Huiyong , Chen Lei , Zhong Xiaoyuan , Tang Maoyan , Gao Guoqing , Liang Tianfeng , Zhang Xiaoli 
Published: December 2024

Introduction/BackgroundGlobal warming greatly limits the productivity of rice. Rice plants are highly sensitive to heat stress at the flowering stage. The selection of heat-tolerant varieties is considered the most effective approach for ensuring global food security in the coming decades.MethodsBased on previous screening and QTL localization results, we selected tolerant varieties (Huang Huazhan, HZ) and susceptible varieties (Yang Dao6, YD) of rice and studied their physiological characteristics, gene expression responses, and proteomic differences of their anthers under heat stress. The differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were validated by real-time PCR.ResultsThe activities of the antioxidant enzymes CAT, SOD, POD, and APX were 8.36%, 9.56%, 20.61%, and 25.34% higher in HZ than in YD under heat stress, respectively. Similarly, the content of proline and soluble sugar was 8.32% and 14.47% higher in HZ than in YD, respectively. The content of MDA and H2O2 was 8.11% and 39.5% lower in HZ than in YD, respectively. The ratio of endogenous GA3/ABA in HZ was 10.65, which was significantly higher than that of YD (3.84). In addition, we validated the candidate genes LOC_Os08g07010 and LOC_Os08g07440 that our team located in 2021, and the result showed that the expression of these two heat-tolerant genes in the anthers was significantly higher in HH than in YH. DEPs involved in the response to heat stress were identified by TMT proteomics, five upregulated and three downregulated differential expression proteins in HH. DEPs were verified by RT-qPCR.DiscussionThese results provide new insights into the physiological characteristics, dominant DEPs, and gene expression responses in both rice varieties under heat stress. Our results indicate that the antioxidant and osmoregulatory capacities, the ratio of endogenous GA3 and ABA, these DEPs are mainly involved in the pathways of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, carbohydrate metabolism, thiamine metabolism, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, and folding, sorting, and degradation were upregulated to a greater degree in HZ than in YD. Additional studies were performed to clarify the roles of these proteins in response to heat stress.
Satisfying basic psychological needs through a recreational sports programme for people with intellectual disability: human growth and adapted sport in focus
Authors: Crespo-Eguílaz Nerea , Gambra Leyre , Varela Apolinar , Fraguela-Vale Raúl 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionSelf-determination theory (SDT) highlights the importance of satisfying people’s basic psychological needs (BPN) (autonomy, competence and relatedness) in order to ensure their personal growth and wellbeing. In this regard, sport and physical activity (PA) have been shown to offer significant health benefits, particularly in the case of people with intellectual disability (ID), among whom the benefits are even more noticeable owing to their low levels of PA, sedentary lifestyle, limited opportunities to exercise, and consequently lower quality of life. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of the Más Que Tenis (“More Than Just Tennis”) inclusive recreational sports programme on the satisfaction of BPN among athletes with ID, taking into account factors such as age, gender and type of activity.MethodsThe sample for the study comprised 50 athletes (68% male) with ID (IQ: X = 54.33; sd = 13.43), aged 17–54 years. Data were collected using the Spanish version of the Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale (BPNES), Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (K-BIT), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), multidimensional AF5 self-concept scale, Vineland-3 Scale, and MABC-2 observation checklist.ResultsHigh levels of satisfaction of all three BPN, with autonomy scoring lowest of the three. Gender was found to be a significant predictor, with men scoring higher in all BNP. Participants reported positive perceptions in relation to physical self-concept and satisfaction with life. In terms of adaptive behaviour, deficits were detected in relation to communication and daily living skills, but not in relation to interpersonal skills. With respect to motor behaviour, satisfaction of BPN was found to correlate more with dynamic environments than with static ones. The findings indicate the effectiveness of the Más Que Tenis programme in satisfying the BPN of people with ID. Participants reported improved physical skills, competence, social integration and interpersonal relations, though also insufficient autonomy in relation to choosing what exercises to do.ConclusionSatisfaction of BPN through the programme was found to correlate positively with athletes’ satisfaction with life and adaptive development, leading to improved personal and neuropsychological wellbeing.
The Effect of the Combination of Two Postbiotics on Anxiety-like Behavior in Animal Models
Authors: Robles Vanesa , Balaguer Ferran , Maicas Miren , Martínez-Vázquez Juan Manuel , Martorell Patricia , Tortajada Marta , Ramón Daniel , Valcarce David G. 
Published: December 2024

With increasing evidence showing the connections between the microbiome, neurophysiology, and behavior, our research endeavors to investigate whether the consumption of a combination of two postbiotics with antioxidant effects can affect behavior regulation in model species. Here, we worked with a combination (1:1 ratio) of heat-treated Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum ES1 (CECT7347) and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus BPL15 (CECT8361) as a dietary supplement. To examine the potential benefit of using this formulation to alleviate anxiety-like behavior, we employed two model species, Caenorhabditis elegans and adult Danio rerio. In C. elegans, the postbiotic supplementation reduced the anxiety-related behavior analyzed by means of the octanol avoidance test. In zebrafish, the novel tank test indicated a different swimming pattern 2 and 4 months after the animals were fed with the postbiotic combination. While fish did not exhibit any variance in their locomotion parameters such as pace and speed, they showed a statistically significant preference to spend more time in the upper zone of the water tank, a behavior that is correlated with a lower anxiety-like behavior in these species. Our aim with this study is to present evidence that can be used to develop whole-cell postbiotic-based novel and innovative dietary supplements for anxiety-related conditions.
Perfil epidemiológico da neoplasia maligna da pele no Brasil nos anos de 2018 a 2023
Authors: Silva Lucas Rocha Santana da , Lobo Gustavo Soares , Costa Alexandre Marinho , Costa Alexandre Marinho , Arruda Fernando Damasceno , Barros Katia Talita dos Santos , Teixeira Luciano de Castro Rezende Araujo , Trevilato Pedro Victor Rocha , Silva Marlon Maia da , Silva Maycon Maia da , Melo Lucas Ferreira , Oliveira Roberta Beatriz Santos , Rocha Fabiane Holanda Batista Porfírio da 
Published: December 2024

Introdução:As neoplasias malignas da pele referem-se a crescimento anormal e desordenado de células da pele devido a fatores como radiação solar , predisposição genética e outros fatores carcinogênicos. Os tipos mais comuns são o carcinoma basocelular e espinocelular , sendo o menos prevalente o câncer de pele melanoma. Nesse contexto é importante entender o perfil da doença a fim de desenvolver estratégias de combate e estudos futuros .Objetivo:Definir o perfil epidemiológico da neoplasia maligna da pele no Brasil.Métodos: Trata-se de perfil epidemiológico horizontal retrospectivo que utiliza dados do datasus com o recorte dos anos de 2018 a 2023.Resultado: Foram registrados 44.735 internações no período de 2018-2023. Com isso, foram observados mais casos na faixa etária dos 60 anos ou mais , em que foram notificados 25.548 internações.Discussão: O ano de 2020 teve 6.387 internações que representa uma queda no número de notificações em relação a 2019 com 7.532 internações. Ao comparar o período pandêmico com o pós pandêmico foi observado o crescimento no número de notificações . Possivelmente houve uma subnotificação em razão da superlotação de hospitais durante o período pandêmico. Conclusão: Nesse sentido , fica evidente que a superlotação dos hospitais no período pandêmico foi um fator determinante para a diminuição dos casos notificados bem como as internações pelo câncer de pele . O presente estudo tem por finalidade inspirar futuras políticas públicas no combate a neoplasia maligna da pele.
AI, Personalized Education, and Challenges
Authors: Mimoudi Aziz 
Published: December 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is gaining traction in education, with potential applications that range from personalized learning to automated administrative tasks. However, the integration of AI into educational systems is not without its challenges. This paper explores both the opportunities and obstacles that AI presents in the field of education, particularly through the use of Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) and Adaptive Learning Management Systems (ALMS). These technologies aim to tailor learning experiences to individual students by analyzing data and adjusting content to suit their needs. While this personalized approach could enhance student engagement and comprehension, it relies on vast amounts of data, raising concerns about privacy and the potential misuse of personal information. Moreover, AI’s impact on education extends to supporting educators by providing insights into student performance and automating routine tasks. However, the effectiveness of AI systems in this regard remains questionable, particularly when considering the limitations in current AI models and the challenges of integrating them into existing educational frameworks. The risk of algorithmic bias is also a critical issue, as AI systems can inadvertently reinforce inequalities present in the data they are trained on, leading to unfair or discriminatory outcomes. Additionally, while AI promises to streamline certain aspects of education, there are concerns that over-reliance on technology could depersonalize the learning process. Human educators play a crucial role in fostering not only intellectual growth but also emotional and social development—elements that AI systems are currently unable to replicate. This paper argues that while AI holds significant promise in education, its deployment must be carefully managed, with attention to ethical considerations, equity in access, and the preservation of the human elements essential to effective learning. Addressing these challenges is key to ensuring that AI contributes meaningfully to education rather than exacerbating existing issues.