bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genotypic and environmental effects on the agronomic, health‐related compounds and antioxidant properties of chilli peppers for diverse market destinations
Authors: Tripodi Pasquale , Ficcadenti Nadia , Rotino Giuseppe Leonardo , Festa Giovanna , Bertone Aldo , Pepe Andrea , Caramanico Rosita , Migliori Carmela Anna , Spadafora Danilo , Schiavi Massimo , Cardi Teodoro , Lo Scalzo Roberto 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe consumers' perception of the importance of healthy food has promoted the interest towards fruit, vegetables and spices rich in antioxidants. Moreover, changing in eating habits has encouraged the diffusion of ready‐to‐eat commodities with specific merceological standards. In the present study, 12 hot pepper varieties devoted to powder production, canned processing, blister packaging have been evaluated for morpho‐agronomic traits and bioactive compounds in replicated trials in three locations and two growing seasons.RESULTSFor all traits, the genotypic component (G) and the genotype × location interaction (G×L) were significant (P < 0.05). Morphological fruit traits evidenced a strong effect of the genotype (> 95%) while yield and biochemical traits showed a variable response to environmental effects. Capsaicin and the yellow fraction of carotenoids were the only nutraceutical compounds showing a relatively high G effect, contrariwise, ascorbic acid, carotenoids and tocopherols were more influenced by location (L) and year of cultivation (Y). Results showed how breeding for quality traits in chilli is still challenging. Multivariate analysis allowed to identify pairs of traits distinguishing the different market typologies: powder types exhibited a lower productivity and higher pungency while those for blister packaging had a remarkable antioxidant capacity.CONCLUSIONSA comprehensive approach was used to study the plasticity of agronomic and nutritional traits in chilli pepper. The set of cultivars analysed produced fruits with considerable levels of several health‐related metabolites, including capsaicin, carotenoids and antioxidant phytochemicals. This information is useful for precision breeding of novel varieties. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Completion lymphadenectomy for a positive sentinel node biopsy in melanoma patients is not associated with a survival benefit
Authors: Klemen Nicholas D. , Han Gang , Leong Stanley P. , Kashani‐Sabet Mohammed , Vetto John , White Richard , Schneebaum Schlomo , Pockaj Barbara , Mozzillo Nicola , Charney Kim , Hoekstra Harald , Sondak Vernon K. , Messina Jane L. , Zager Jonathan S. , Han Dale 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundCompletion lymph node dissection (CLND) for sentinel lymph node (SLN) disease in melanoma patients is debated. We evaluated the impact of CLND on survival and assessed for predictors of nonsentinel node metastasis (positive CLND).MethodsPositive SLN melanoma patients were retrospectively identified in the Sentinel Lymph Node Working Group database. Clinicopathological factors were correlated with CLND status, overall survival (OS), and melanoma‐specific survival (MSS).ResultsThere were 953 positive SLN patients of whom 831 (87%) had CLND. Positive CLND was seen in 141 (17%) cases and was associated with worse OS and MSS (both P < 0.001). CLND was not performed (No‐CLND) in 122 of 953 positive SLN cases (13%), of whom 100 had follow‐up and 18 (18%) developed a nodal recurrence (NR). No significant differences in OS and MSS were seen comparing CLND with No‐CLND (P = 0.084, P = 0.161, respectively) and comparing positive CLND with No‐CLND NR patients (P = 0.565, P = 0.998, respectively). Gender, primary site, ulceration, and number of positive SLNs were correlated with nonsentinel node metastasis.ConclusionsPerformance of CLND provides prognostic information but is not associated with a survival benefit. Clinical variables can predict a positive CLND in patients who may be at high risk of recurrence.
Vascular Remodeling of Visceral Arteries Following Interruption of the Splenic Artery During Liver Transplantation
Authors: Patrono Damiano , Franchi Eloisa , Guarasci Fabio , Bartoli Germana , Nada Elisabetta , Rigo Federica , Ottobrelli Antonio , Fonio Paolo , Salizzoni Mauro , Romagnoli Renato 
Published: March 2019

Splenic artery (SA) ligation can be performed during liver transplantation (LT) to avoid portal hyperperfusion, which is involved in the pathogenesis of both small‐for‐size and SA syndrome. The SA can also be used as an inflow for arterial reconstruction. Exceptionally, SA interruption or agenesis has been associated with positive remodeling of collateral arteries supplying the spleen via the left gastric artery (LGA), short gastric vessels, and the gastroepiploic arcade (GEA), with subsequent severe upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. To determine incidence, magnitude, predictors, and clinical implications of vascular remodeling after SA interruption during LT, we identified 465 patients transplanted in the period 2007‐2017 who had the SA ligated or interrupted at LT. Among them, 88 had a computed tomography angiography suitable for evaluation of vascular remodeling after LT. The presence of prominent gastric arterial collaterals and the increase in LGA and GEA diameter were evaluated on 2‐dimensional axial images and multiplanar reconstructions. Of the 88 patients, 28 (31.8%), 32 (36.4%), and 22 (25.0%) developed gastric collateralization graded as mild, moderate, or severe. Of the patients for whom comparison with pre‐LT imaging was possible (n = 54), 51 (94.4%) presented a median 37% and 55% increase in LGA and GEA diameter, respectively. Severe gastric collateralization was associated with lower body mass index (odds ratio, 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.71‐0.98; P = 0.03), whereas a GEA caliper measurement increase was positively correlated with Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease score (r
2 = 0.12; 95% CI, 0.65‐4.15; P = 0.008). Out of 465 patients, 2 (0.43%) had severe episodes of arterial upper GI bleeding, possibly exacerbated by vascular remodeling. In conclusion, vascular remodeling after SA interruption during LT is frequent and can aggravate GI bleeding during follow‐up.
The Range and Reproducibility of the Liver Frailty Index
Authors: Wang Connie W. , Lebsack Adrienne , Chau Stephanie , Lai Jennifer C. 
Published: March 2019

The Liver Frailty Index (LFI), composed of 3 performance‐based tests (grip strength, chair stands, and balance), is a tool specifically developed in patients with cirrhosis to objectively measure physical function, a critical determinant of health outcomes. We aimed to (1) determine the range of LFI scores in adults with chronic liver disease but without cirrhosis, (2) determine the range of LFI scores in adults without known liver disease, and (3) evaluate reproducibility of the LFI in adults with cirrhosis listed for liver transplantation. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) assessed interrater reliability of the LFI. Included were 91 adults with chronic liver disease, 109 adults without known liver disease, and 166 adults with cirrhosis with median Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease–sodium of 16. Median (interquartile range) LFI was 3.6 (3.1‐4.1) in adults with cirrhosis, 3.1 (2.5‐3.7) in adults with chronic liver disease but not cirrhosis, and 2.7 (2.2‐3.2) in adults without liver disease (P < 0.001). Using established LFI cutoffs for robust, prefrail, and frail categories, adults with cirrhosis or chronic liver disease were less likely to be robust (29% versus 53% versus 77%) and more likely to be prefrail (57% versus 42% versus 22%) or frail (14% versus 5% versus 1%) when compared with adults without liver disease (P < 0.001). The LFI had excellent reliability with ICC of 0.93 (95% confidence interval, 0.91‐0.95). In conclusion, the LFI has external validity in noncirrhotic populations and is highly reproducible among different raters. This objective assessment tool can be implemented in outpatient clinical practice or research to operationalize the concept of physical frailty.
HIRING DECISIONS THAT CAN MAKE OR BREAK THE GRANDEST STRATEGIES
Authors: Schulze Horst 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAccording to Schulze, cofounder of the award‐winning hotel company Ritz‐Carlton, hiring mistakes are common and costly, no matter what field you are in. He writes here about three insights; which in his own words are: haste can be a great saboteur;make careful, information‐based selections;and assess what managers can do to cultivate success. He also posits an additional insight: “Don'thireatall. Instead, select—and then inspire.” Schulze discusses his own career in the hotel world, which began as a teenager, when he encountered “a wise maître d' who treated me and the rest of his young staff as human beings, not just function fillers.” Schulze says he “will never forget him also taking time to inspire us with the mystique of the hospitality industry.”
The synthetic retinoid ST1926 attenuates prostate cancer growth and potentially targets prostate cancer stem‐like cells
Authors: Bahmad Hisham F. , Samman Houda , Monzer Alissar , Hadadeh Ola , Cheaito Katia , Abdel‐Samad Rana , Hayar Berthe , Pisano Claudio , Msheik Hiba , Liu Yen‐Nien , Darwiche Nadine , Abou‐Kheir Wassim 
Published: March 2019

AbstractRetinoids are vitamin A derivatives that regulate crucial biological processes such as cellular proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. The use of natural retinoids in cancer therapy is limited due to their toxicity and the acquired resistance by cancer cells. Therefore, synthetic retinoids were developed, such as the atypical adamantyl retinoid ST1926 that provides enhanced bioavailability and reduced toxicity. We have assessed the in vitro and in vivo antitumor properties and mechanism of action of ST1926 in targeting cancer stem‐like cells population of human prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines, DU145 and PC3, and mouse PCa cell lines, PLum‐AD and PLum‐AI. We demonstrated that ST1926 substantially reduced proliferation of PCa cells and induced cell cycle arrest, p53‐independent apoptosis, and early DNA damage. It also decreased migration and invasion of PCa cells and significantly reduced prostate spheres formation ability in vitro denoting sufficient eradication of the self‐renewal ability of the highly androgen‐resistant cancer stem cells. Importantly, ST1926 potently inhibited PCa tumor growth and progression in vivo. Our results highlight the potential of ST1926 in PCa therapy and warrant its clinical development.
Research on infrared image segmentation and fusion of substation based on modified unit‐linking‐pulse coupled neural networks and affine speeded up robust feature
Authors: Peng Daogang , Wang Lanqing , Chen Yuewei , Xia Fei , Qian Yuliang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAiming at the problem of fault point temperature reading and positioning, target device segmentation, and fault point matching fusion in infrared warning system of substation inspection robot, MUL‐PCNN and ASURF are applied to realizing accurate fusion between the fault area in infrared image and visual image. The experimental results show that this method has certain value in the aspect of infrared image segmentation and fusion of substation.
Morpholino‐induced exon skipping stimulates cell‐mediated and humoral responses to dystrophin in mdx mice
Authors: Vila Maria C , Novak James S , Benny Klimek Margaret , Li Ning , Morales Melissa , Fritz Alexander G , Edwards Katie , Boehler Jessica F , Hogarth Marshall W , Kinder Travis B , Zhang Aiping , Mazala Davi , Fiorillo Alyson A , Douglas Bonnie , Chen Yi‐Wen , van den Anker John , Lu Qi L , Hathout Yetrib , Hoffman Eric P , Partridge Terence A , Nagaraju Kanneboyina 
Published: March 2019

AbstractExon skipping is a promising genetic therapeutic strategy for restoring dystrophin expression in the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The potential for newly synthesized dystrophin to trigger an immune response in DMD patients, however, is not well established. We have evaluated the effect of chronic phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer (PMO) treatment on skeletal muscle pathology and asked whether sustained dystrophin expression elicits a dystrophin‐specific autoimmune response. Here, two independent cohorts of dystrophic mdx mice were treated chronically with either 800 mg/kg/month PMO for 6 months (n = 8) or 100 mg/kg/week PMO for 12 weeks (n = 11). We found that significant muscle inflammation persisted after exon skipping in skeletal muscle. Evaluation of humoral responses showed serum‐circulating antibodies directed against de novo dystrophin in a subset of mice, as assessed both by Western blotting and immunofluorescent staining; however, no dystrophin‐specific antibodies were observed in the control saline‐treated mdx cohorts (n = 8) or in aged (12‐month‐old) mdx mice with expanded ‘revertant’ dystrophin‐expressing fibers. Reactive antibodies recognized both full‐length and truncated exon‐skipped dystrophin isoforms in mouse skeletal muscle. We found more antigen‐specific T‐cell cytokine responses (e.g. IFN‐g, IL‐2) in dystrophin antibody‐positive mice than in dystrophin antibody‐negative mice. We also found expression of major histocompatibility complex class I on some of the dystrophin‐expressing fibers along with CD8+ and perforin‐positive T cells in the vicinity, suggesting an activation of cell‐mediated damage had occurred in the muscle. Evaluation of complement membrane attack complex (MAC) deposition on the muscle fibers further revealed lower MAC deposition on muscle fibers of dystrophin antibody‐negative mice than on those of dystrophin antibody‐positive mice. Our results indicate that de novo dystrophin expression after exon skipping can trigger both cell‐mediated and humoral immune responses in mdx mice. Our data highlights the need to further investigate the autoimmune response and its long‐term consequences after exon‐skipping therapy. Copyright © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
TET1 reprograms the epithelial ovarian cancer epigenome and reveals casein kinase 2α as a therapeutic target
Authors: Chen Lin‐Yu , Huang Rui‐Lan , Chan Michael WY , Yan Pearlly S , Huang Tien‐Shuo , Wu Ren‐Chin , Suryo Rahmanto Yohan , Su Po‐Hsuan , Weng Yu‐Chun , Chou Jian‐Liang , Chao Tai‐Kuang , Wang Yu‐Chi , Shih Ie‐Ming , Lai Hung‐Cheng 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTen‐eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase‐1, TET1, takes part in active DNA demethylation. However, our understanding of DNA demethylation in cancer biology and its clinical significance remain limited. This study showed that TET1 expression correlated with poor survival in advanced‐stage epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC), and with cell migration, anchorage‐independent growth, cancer stemness, and tumorigenicity. In particular, TET1 was highly expressed in serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC), a currently accepted type II EOC precursor, and inversely correlated with TP53 mutations. Moreover, TET1 could demethylate the epigenome and activate multiple oncogenic pathways, including an immunomodulation network having casein kinase II subunit alpha (CK2α) as a hub. Patients with TET1highCK2αhigh EOCs had the worst outcomes, and TET1‐expressing EOCs were more sensitive to a CK2 inhibitor, both in vitro and in vivo. Our findings uncover the oncogenic and poor prognostic roles of TET1 in EOC and suggest an unexplored role of epigenetic reprogramming in early ovarian carcinogenesis. Moreover, the immunomodulator CK2α represents a promising new therapeutic target, warranting clinical trials of the tolerable CK2 inhibitor, CX4945, for precision medicine against EOC. Copyright © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mis‐splicing in breast cancer: identification of pathogenic BRCA2 variants by systematic minigene assays
Authors: Fraile‐Bethencourt Eugenia , Valenzuela‐Palomo Alberto , Díez‐Gómez Beatriz , Goina Elisa , Acedo Alberto , Buratti Emanuele , Velasco Eladio A 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSplicing disruption is a common mechanism of gene inactivation associated with germline variants of susceptibility genes. To study the role of BRCA2 mis‐splicing in hereditary breast/ovarian cancer (HBOC), we performed a comprehensive analysis of variants from BRCA2 exons 2–9, as well as the initial characterization of the regulatory mechanisms of such exons. A pSAD‐based minigene with exons 2–9 was constructed and validated in MCF‐7 cells, producing the expected transcript (1016‐nt/V1‐BRCA2_exons_2–9‐V2). DNA variants from mutational databases were analyzed by NNSplice and Human Splicing Finder softwares. To refine ESE‐variant prediction, we mapped the regulatory regions through a functional strategy whereby 26 exonic microdeletions were introduced into the minigene and tested in MCF‐7 cells. Thus, we identified nine spliceogenic ESE‐rich intervals where ESE‐variants may be located. Combining bioinformatics and microdeletion assays, 83 variants were selected and genetically engineered in the minigene. Fifty‐three changes impaired splicing: 28 variants disrupted the canonical sites, four created new ones, 10 abrogated enhancers, eight created silencers and three caused a double‐effect. Notably, nine spliceogenic‐ESE variants were located within ESE‐containing intervals. Capillary electrophoresis and sequencing revealed more than 23 aberrant transcripts, where exon skipping was the most common event. Interestingly, variant c.67G>A triggered the usage of a noncanonical GC‐donor 4‐nt upstream. Thirty‐six variants that induced severe anomalies (>60% aberrant transcripts) were analyzed according to the ACMG guidelines. Thus, 28 variants were classified as pathogenic, five as likely pathogenic and three as variants of uncertain significance. Interestingly, 13 VUS were reclassified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants. In conclusion, a large fraction of BRCA2 variants (∼64%) provoked splicing anomalies lending further support to the high prevalence of this disease‐mechanism. The low accuracy of ESE‐prediction algorithms may be circumvented by functional ESE‐mapping that represents an optimal strategy to identify spliceogenic ESE‐variants. Finally, systematic functional assays by minigenes depict a valuable tool for the initial characterization of splicing anomalies and the clinical interpretation of variants. © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of a web‐based reproductive health training program: ENRICH (Educating Nurses about Reproductive Issues in Cancer Healthcare)
Authors: Quinn Gwendolyn P. , Bowman Curci Meghan , Reich Richard R. , Gwede Clement K. , Meade Cathy D. ,   The ENRICH/ECHO Working Group, Vadaparampil Susan T. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveEducating Nurses about Reproductive Issues in Cancer Healthcare (ENRICH) is a web‐based training program to assist oncology nurses with timely communication and relevant information regarding reproductive health issues (eg, risk of infertility, fertility preservation, and sexual health) to adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients and survivors. This manuscript describes impact on knowledge, perceived communication skills, and practice behaviors.MethodsThe eight‐module course incorporated didactic content and an interactive applied learning component on the following reproductive health topics: overview, men, women, family building options, pediatrics, sexual health, communication, and practical applications. A 14‐question pretest and posttest was administered to assess changes in knowledge. Additionally, participants received a follow‐up survey addressing communication skills and practice behaviors.ResultsOver a 3‐year period, 233 nurses completed the training. The mean pretest to posttest total score increased significantly (P < .001). Nurses rated their communication skills regarding risk of infertility with males as 7.5 and females as 7.4, based on a 10‐point scale. Half of participants noted that they often or always discuss risk of infertility and fertility preservation options. Two‐thirds indicated they refer patients to reproductive specialists, and majority (72%) indicated they document those referrals.ConclusionsENRICH is a successful intervention for oncology nurses caring for AYA patients and survivors by increasing knowledge, communication skills, and frequency of discussion of reproductive health.
Does inclusion of residue‐residue contact information boost protein threading?
Authors: Bhattacharya Sutanu , Bhattacharya Debswapna 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTemplate‐based modeling is considered as one of the most successful approaches for protein structure prediction. However, reliably and accurately selecting optimal template proteins from a library of known protein structures having similar folds as the target protein and making correct alignments between the target sequence and the template structures, a template‐based modeling technique known as threading, remains challenging, particularly for non‐ or distantly‐homologous protein targets. With the recent advancement in protein residue‐residue contact map prediction powered by sequence co‐evolution and machine learning, here we systematically analyze the effect of inclusion of residue‐residue contact information in improving the accuracy and reliability of protein threading. We develop a new threading algorithm by incorporating various sequential and structural features, and subsequently integrate residue‐residue contact information as an additional scoring term for threading template selection. We show that the inclusion of contact information attains statistically significantly better threading performance compared to a baseline threading algorithm that does not utilize contact information when everything else remains the same. Experimental results demonstrate that our contact based threading approach outperforms popular threading method MUSTER, contact‐assisted ab initio folding method CONFOLD2, and recent state‐of‐the‐art contact‐assisted protein threading methods EigenTHREADER and map_align on several benchmarks. Our study illustrates that the inclusion of contact maps is a promising avenue in protein threading to ultimately help to improve the accuracy of protein structure prediction.
The process of nurse adaptation to robotic surgery: A qualitative study
Authors: Uslu Yasemin , Altınbaş Yasemin , Özercan Tuğba , van Giersbergen Meryem Yavuz 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to reveal the experiences of nurses in robotic surgery and their adaptation to this method.MethodsThis research was planned within the framework of qualitative research methods. The study population consisted of robotic surgery nurses in Turkey. Focus group interviews were conducted after the flow process was developed, and the interviews were supported using a semistructured interview form. Two focus interviews were conducted with 15 participants.ResultsAs a result of the content analysis, 11 themes were created in four categories. The categories of the study were designed as follows: (1) Training in Robotic Surgery Nursing, (2) Adaptation to Technology in Robotic Surgery Nursing, (3) Changing Roles and Adaptation Process in Robotic Surgery Nursing, and (4) Future of Robotic Surgery.ConclusionsThe lack of clarity regarding the roles and responsibilities of robotic surgery nurses and the lack of arrangements for working conditions are thought to cause professional dissatisfaction and disengagement from work.