bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic Syndrome, Thyroid Function and Autoimmunity - The PORMETS Study
Authors: Raposo Luís , Martins Sandra , Ferreira Daniela , Guimarães João Tiago , Santos Ana Cristina 
Published: August 2018

Background:The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity in the Portuguese population has not yet been estimated. However, the national prevalence of the metabolic syndrome remains high. The association of thyroid pathology with cardiovascular risk has been addressed but is still unclear. Our study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity and to assess the associations of thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroid hormones and antibodies with metabolic syndrome, its components, and other possible determinants in a national sample.Material and Methods:The present study included a subsample of 486 randomly selected participants from a nationwide cross-sectional study sample of 4095 adults. A structured questionnaire was administered on past medical history and socio-demographic and behavioural characteristics. Blood pressure and anthropometric measurements were collected, and the serum lipid profile, glucose, insulin, hs- CRP, TSH, FT4, FT3 and thyroid antibodies were measured.Results:In our sample, the prevalence of hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and undiagnosed dysfunction was 4.9%, 2.5% and 72.2%, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of positivity for the thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin antibodies was 11.9% and 15.0%, respectively. A positive association was found between free triiodothyronine and metabolic syndrome (OR: 2.019; 95% CI: 1.196, 3.410). Additionally, thyroid peroxidase antibodies had a negative association with metabolic syndrome (OR: 0.465; 95% CI: 0.236, 0.917) and its triglyceride component (OR: 0.321; 95% CI: 0.124, 0.836).Conclusion:The prevalence of undiagnosed thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity was high. Thyroid peroxidase antibodies were negatively associated with metabolic syndrome and its triglyceride component, whereas the free triiodothyronine level was positively associated with metabolic syndrome.
Experimental Study of Thermal Restraint in Bio-Protectant Disaccharides by FTIR Spectroscopy
Authors: Magazù S. , Calabrò E. , Caccamo M.T. 
Published: August 2018

Background:
In the present paper, InfraRed (IR) spectra on water mixtures of two homologous disaccharides, i.e. sucrose and trehalose, as a function of temperature have been collected.

Methods:
In particular, IR spectra were registered, in the spectral range from 4000 cm-1 to 400 cm-1, to investigate the thermal response of the water mixtures of two homologous disaccharides, through positive thermal scans, i.e. by increasing the temperature from the value of 25°C to the value of 50°C. The OH-stretching region has been analyzed by means of two simple and straightforward procedures, i.e. by evaluating the shift of the intramolecular OH stretching center frequency and the Spectral Distance (SD).

Result and Conclusion:
Both the analyses indicate that trehalose water mixture have a higher thermal response than that of the sucrose-water mixture.
Biomarkers and Gene Polymorphisms in Members of Long- and Short-lived Families: A Longevity Study
Authors: Kolovou Vana , Diakoumakou Olga , Papazafiropoulou Athanasia K , Katsiki Niki , Fragopoulou Elisabeth , Vasiliadis Ioannis , Degiannis Dimitris , Duntas Leonidas , Antonopoulou Smaragdi , Kolovou Genovefa 
Published: August 2018

Background:
The influence of biomarkers in human lifespan has been investigated but with no clear results yet.

Materials and methods:
Lipids, Uric Acid (UA), Adiponectin (ADIPOQ), Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF-1), cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) proteins, as well as CETP, ADIPOQ, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP3) and ACE-gene polymorphisms were evaluated in 149 Greek individuals. The Long-Lived Families (LON) (n=84) comprised of 3 generations: long-lived aged ≥90 years (P), offspring (FL1) and their grandchildren (FL2), while the Short-Lived Families (EAD) (n=65) where both parents died <75 years, comprised of 2 generations: middle-aged (FD1) and children (FD2).

Results:
Serum CETP and IGF-1 levels were lower, whereas AdipoQ concentrations were higher in P compared with FL1 and FL2 members (CETP: p = 0.03 for both comparisons; IGF-1 p < 0.001 for both comparisons and ADIPOQ: p = 0.001 and p = 0.004, respectively). Furthermore, serum triglycerides, UA and glucose concentrations were higher in FD1 compared with FD2 subjects (p=0.001, 0.02 and ≤0.001, respectively). In FD2 and FL2, CETP levels were lower in individuals with B2B2 compared with B1B1 genotype (p=0.007). Additionally, ACE concentrations were higher in individuals with DD compared with II genotype in both Families (p=0.001). After adjustment for age and gender, CETP levels were lower in P and FL2 individuals with B2B2 compared with the B1B1 genotype (p=0.004 and 0.007, respectively).

Conclusion:
Increase serum TGs, UA and GL concentrations were higher in the middle-aged individuals compared with their children in families independently of their lifespan. The serum adiponectin concentration was the highest in the oldest old individuals implying beneficial influence on lifespan. Independently of family’s lifespan history, the youngest individuals with CETPB2B2 genotype, compared with individuals with CETPB1B1 genotypes, had lower serum CETP concentrations. The knowledge of the unfavourable gene(s)influencing human lifespan may be helpful in encouraging individuals to follow healthier lifestyle habits and better control their high-risk biomarkers.
The Effect of Microwave Oven Drying on the Compressive Strength of Type III and IV Dental Stones at Different Time Intervals
Authors: Dulaimi Suha Fadhil , Kanaan Sabiha Mehdi 
Published: August 2018

Background:Dental stone cast needs 24 to 48 hours to evaporate excess water and acquire enough strength for manipulation. The microwave oven is used to save time by drying and disinfecting stone casts.Objectives:The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of microwave oven drying on the compressive strength of Type III and Type IV dental stone in three time intervals-3 hours, 5 hours and 24 hours after pouring.Methods:The study involved 120 samples: 60 samples for each type of dental stone. Thirty samples were subjected to air drying at 3, 5 and 24 hours) and 30 samples were dried in the microwave oven at 2450 MHZ -900 W for 150 seconds (at 3, 5 and 24 hours). The samples were tested by unconfined compression machine, with a 2000 kg proving ring at cross-head speed of 1 mm/min.Results:For the Type III dental stone drying at 3 hours, microwave radiation causes a significant increase in compressive strength and shows the highest score (mean 125 kg/cm); however, at 5 hours no significant difference was observed. However, at the 24 hour time interval, microwave drying causes significant reduction in the mean (100 kg/cm)p<0.01 .For the Type IV dental stone testing at all-time intervals (3,5, 24 hours), a significant reduction (p<0.05) in mean values was shown(80,85,87 respectively).Conclusion:Microwave oven drying increased the compressive strength of Type III dental stone at the 3 hour time interval from pouring, while microwave drying at the 5 hour interval had no significant effect; and at 24 hour the compressive strength of the dental stone was reduced. For the Type IV dental stone microwave drying had a detrimental effect on compressive strength at all-time intervals.
Sensory Evaluation of Yogurt-like Set and Yogurt-like Drink Produced by Indigenous Probiotic Strains for Market Test
Authors: Pamungkaningtyas Fathyah Hanum , Mariyatun Mariyatun , Kamil Rafli Zulfa , Setyawan Ryan Haryo , Hasan Pratama Nur , Wiryohanjoyo Devin Varian , Nurfiani Sri , Zulaichah Eni , Utami Indyah S. , Utami Tyas , Rahayu Endang S. 
Published: August 2018

Lactic acid bacteria have been isolated from several Indonesian indigenous fermented foods and screened for the potential strains as probiotic candidates. The aim of this study was to evaluate sensory properties and respondents’ preference of yogurt-like set and yogurt-like drink with various Indonesian indigenous probiotic strains produced by dairy industry. Indigenous probiotics of Lactobacillus plantarum MUT-7 and Lactobacillus plantarum DAD-13 were used to produce yogurt-like set and yogurt-like drink. Family perception toward yogurt-like drink was performed in Yogyakarta involving 100 family members. The yogurt-like products were also compared to yogurt containing commercial Lactobacilus bulgaricus and Streptococus thermophilus or commercial yogurt produced by dairy company. Several sensory evaluation toward sensory properties and panelist’s preference were performed in different cities. The result showed that the indigenous probiotic L. plantarum DAD-13 and L. plantarum MUT-7 were potential to be used as a starter culture for the production of yogurt-like set and yogurt-like drink. The combination of indigenous probiotics and indigenous lactic acid bacteria S. thermophilus DAD-11 resulted in better sensory properties of yogurt set compared to combination of L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus.
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND TOTAL POLYPHENOLICS CONTENT OF ESSENTIAL OIL, METHANOL EXTRACT AND METHANOL FRACTIONS FROM COMMELINA NUDIFLORA
Authors: Shah Muhammad Dawood , Iqbal Mohammad 
Published: August 2018

Objective: In the present study, the essential oil, methanol extract, and methanol fractions (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol) obtained from Commelina nudiflora were investigated for the free radical scavenging effects and phytochemical analysis.Methods: The antioxidative effect of the essential oil, methanol extracts and methanol fractions were evaluated using 2, 2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Total phenolic and ﬂavonoid contents were determined using Folin-Ciocalteau and aluminium chloride reagents respectively. The phytochemical analyses of the essential oil, methanol extracts and methanol fractions were performed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GCMS). Results: The antioxidant, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of butanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform fractions were higher followed by methanol extract, hexane fraction and essential oil. Phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of alkaloid, saponin, steroid, phytosterols, triterpenoids and tannins etc. The identified bioactive constituents of essential oil, methanol extract and methanol fractions of C. nudiflora were indole, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-pentadecanone, 6,10,14-trimethyl, phenol, benzyl alcohol, eugenol, phenol, 2, 4-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl), hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester (palmitic acid ester), n-hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid), 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid, (linoleic acid) and phytol. All identified bioactive compounds and their derivatives were generally reported with antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antitumor properties.Conclusion: The obtained data suggest that the essential oil, methanol extract and methanol fractions of C. nudiflora possess remarkable antioxidant activities and vital phytochemicals. Thus the plant can be a utilized as a potential source of nutraceutical with antioxidant activity.
A identidade judaica e suas fronteiras no relato de Hecateu de Abdera
Authors: Ruppenthal Neto Willibaldo , Frighetto Renan 
Published: August 2018

O presente artigo visa apresentar o relato de Hecateu de Abdera a respeito dos judeus, preservado em uma citação de Diodoro Sículo (Bibliotheca Historica, 40.3) e conservado por Fócio (Bibliotheca, 244), enfatizando a identidade judaica e suas fronteiras apresentadas neste, evidenciando não somente a caracterização grega dos judeus como ainda as transformações dentro da própria identidade judaica durante o período helenístico. Mediante a tradução e análise do referido relato, podem-se perceber elementos da cultura judaica que foram ressaltados por parte do autor grego que não eram tão presentes na autoconcepção judaica (a exemplo da educação militarizada), enquanto outros elementos como o sábado, a circuncisão e a monarquia, tão valorizados como marca identitária pelos próprios judeus, se encontram ausentes no relato.
Globalization and Education
Authors: Khan Huma Imran 
Published: August 2018

The concept of globalization has been introduced due to technical advancements that has made the world a global village. The world as is now has never been before; it is now a world where multicultural societies have developed, trade and transactions are made between countries, technology reaches every part of the world, and internet has connected every possible idea, opinion, person, and commodity with the rest of the world. In this world of globalization, education has taken a central role, as without education globalization cannot be germinated. Education is a national issue and as such, each country has its own educational policies that are emblems of that country's cultural values, belief system and historical realities. Nevertheless, the globalized world demands for multiculturalism, and commonalities amongst communities to be promoted so as to bring the world closer to accepting cultural diversities and celebrating commonalities. For these aims, educational institutions become institutions for promoting globalization by introducing various cultural and traditional beliefs to the new generation. Recently, globalization has become a popular subject of debate in national and international circiles. Globalization links individuals and institutions across the world through economic forces, digital technologies, and communication. It is moreover subjected to higher living standards, international affiliations, and multiple types of freedom. However, a major part of the world consists of under developed countries where technological advancements, communication, trade and commerce along with other economic activities are not enough to support them to be a part of the global society.
Sharing and Jumping Based Didactical Design In Collaborative Learning on the topic of Covalent Bonding
Authors: Gustina Ermila , Hendayana Sumar , Supriatna Asep 
Published: August 2018

The effectiveness of sharing and jumping based didactical design of covalent bonding has been studied at chemistry senior high school. Learning based sharing task is a learning that deals to cover content of text book. Sharing task facilitate jumping process for the low achiever students. The challenging problems are given in jumping tasks activity to challenge the high achiever students. The purpose of this study was to obtain the didactical design of covalent bondings and their implementation.The research method applied is Didactical Design Research (DDR) with following stages: analysis of didactic situation before learning, metapedadidactical analysis, and retrospective analysis. Implementation of lesson design on the topic of covalent bonding were recorded and analyzed, from the analysis result obtained the collaboration between students and between students and teachers.
ABD Lisanslı Depoculuk Sistemi ve Fiyat Desteği Uygulaması Işığında Hububatta Yeni Bir Destekleme Fiyat Sistemi Önerisi*
Authors: KAYA Mustafa 
Published: August 2018

Türkiye'de hububatta destekleme fiyat politikası Toprak Mahsulleri Ofisi Genel Müdürlüğü (TMO) tarafından gerçekleştirilen destekleme alımlarıyla yürütülmektedir. Destekleme alımları temel olarak, üreticilerin düşük olan arz esnekliklerinden kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu durum dikkate alınarak üreticilere depolama ve finansman imkânı sunması nedeniyle arz esnekliğini artıran lisanslı depoculuk sisteminin uygulanmasına yönelik çalışmalar Türkiye'de 2005 yılından beri devam etmektedir. Bu sistemin iyi bir şekilde uygulandığı Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD) göz önüne alındığında bu sisteme entegre bir destekleme fiyat politikasının da sürdürüldüğü görülmektedir. Bu kapsamda çalışmanın amacı, ABD lisanslı depoculuk sistemi ve destekleme fiyat sistemi uygulamalarını inceleyerek Türkiye için lisanslı depoculuk sistemiyle uyumlu yeni bir destekleme fiyat sistemi önerisi sunmaktır. Bu doğrultuda lisanslı depoculuk sistemine ilişkin literatür ve Türkiye'de uygulanan sistem TMO-TOBB Tarım Ürünleri Lisanslı Depoculuk San. ve Tic. A.Ş. (TMO-TOBB LİDAŞ) lisanslı depoculuk uygulaması çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, yurt içi piyasa yapısı da dikkate alınarak TMO'nun destekleme alımı yapmasına gerek kalmaksızın belirli bir taban fiyatın üreticiye garanti edilmesine dayanan ve lisanslı depoculuk sistemiyle uyumlu bir fiyat desteği sistemi önerilmiştir. Ayrıca, önerilen sistemin etkileri ve TMO'nun yeni sistemde kurumsal olarak nasıl konumlandırılabileceği de tartışılmıştır.
The impact of spatio-temporal changes in flora attributes and pollen availability on insect visitors in Lamiaceae species
Authors: Jachuła Jacek , Wrzesień Małgorzata , Strzałkowska-Abramek Monika , Denisow Bożena 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
There is growing evidence that food, in particular pollen, limitation is the strongest factor in pollinator decline. We have considered the potential effects of diversity in plant-community attributes as well as variations in the pollen and energy amount on the abundance and frequency of insect visitors to the Lamiaceae species Salvia pratensis L., S. verticillata L., Thymus serpyllum L., Betonica officinalis L. syn. Stachys officinalis (L.) Trevis., and Origanum vulgare L. The species were grown in two different habitat types (dry grassland vs. railway embankment) in the Lublin Upland, Poland. We found significant inter-species, inter-habitat, and inter-year disparities in the pollen mass and total energy amount per unit area. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) revealed that the blossom cover, species richness, and diversity noted at the plant community level significantly influenced the distribution of insect visitors to Lamiaceae species. The pollen caloric value and pollen abundance (but not the protein content in the pollen) had a considerable impact on the abundance and frequency of honeybees, bumblebees, and solitary bees in Lamiaceae flowers. Butterflies, beetles and flies did not respond to these factors. The model including all variables explained 66.4% of the observed variance. The studied Lamiaceae species, due to abundant flowering and good pollen nutritional value should be considered in the protocols to improve food resources, especially for social bees; however, disparities in pollen quantity and energy amount should not be ignored.
Hedging effectiveness for international index futures markets
Authors: Koulis Alexandros , Kaimakamis George , Beneki Christina 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This paper investigates the hedging effectiveness of the International Index Futures Markets using daily settlement prices for the period 4 January 2010 to 31 December 2015. Standard OLS regressions, Error Correction Model (ECM), as well as Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) cointegration model are employed to estimate corresponding hedge ratios that can be employed in risk management. The analyzed sample consists of daily closing market rates of the stock market indexes of the USA and the European futures contracts. The findings indicate that the time varying hedge ratios, if estimated through the ARDL model, are more efficient than the fixed hedge ratios in terms of minimizing the risk. Additionally, there is evidence that the comparative advantage of advanced econometric approaches compared to conventional models is enhanced further for capital markets within peripheral EU countries
Nanobiotechnology medical applications: Overcoming challenges through innovation
Authors: Singer Anthony , Markoutsa Eleni , Limayem Alya , Mohapatra Subhra , Mohapatra Shyam S. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Biomedical Nanotechnology (BNT) has rapidly become a revolutionary force that is driving innovation in the medical field. BNT is a subclass of nanotechnology (NT), and often operates in cohort with other subclasses, such as mechanical or electrical NT for the development of diagnostic assays, therapeutic implants, nano-scale imaging systems, and medical machinery. BNT is generating solutions to many conventional challenges through the development of enhanced therapeutic delivery systems, diagnostic techniques, and theranostic therapies. Therapeutically, BNT has generated many novel nanocarriers (NCs) that each express specifically designed physiochemical properties that optimize their desired pharmacokinetic profile. NCs are also being integrated into nanoscale platforms that further enhance their delivery by controlling and prolonging their release profile. Nano-platforms are also proving to be highly efficient in tissue regeneration when combined with the appropriate growth factors. Regarding diagnostics, NCs are being designed to perform targeted delivery of luminescent tags and contrast agents that enhance the NC -aided imaging capabilities and resulting diagnostic accuracy of the presence of diseased cells. This technology has also been advancing the ability for surgeons to practice true precision surgical techniques. Incorporating therapeutic and diagnostic NC-components within a single NC can facilitate both functions, referred to as theranostics, which facilitates real-time in vivo tracking and observation of drug release events via enhanced imaging. Additionally, stimuli-responsive theranostic NCs are quickly developing as vectors for tumor ablation therapies by providing a model that facilitates the location of cancer cells for the application of an external stimulus. Overall, BNT is an interdisciplinary approach towards health care, and has the potential to significantly improve the quality of life for humanity by significantly decreasing the treatment burden for patients, and by providing non-invasive therapeutics that confer enhanced therapeutic efficiency and safety
Incorrect Methodology for Agri-Environmental Measure - Multifunctional Field Margins - As Limitation for Enhancement of Environment in Slovakia
Authors: Palšová Lucia 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Agri-environment measures are a key element for the integration of environmental concerns into the Common Agricultural Policy. They are designed to encourage farmers to protect and enhance the environment on their farmland by paying them for the provision of environmental services. Rural Development Programme 2014 – 2020 introduced an agri-environmental measure for multifunctional field margins (biostrips on arable land), which contributes to increasing biodiversity, to protection of basic environmental elements and it also serves as prevention for climate change. Since so far no farmer asked the Agricultural Paying Agency for commitment, the objective of the paper was to assess the design and accuracy of calculation of the agri-environmental and climatic measure - the multifunctional field margins in the conditions of Slovakia. The research results show that the calculation methodology is incorrectly set and it does not compensate for the farmer’s loss on farm yields.