bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ACTIVITY TEST OF GUAVA (<i>Psidium guajava</i> L.) LEAF METHANOL EXTRACT AS CONTRACEPTION ANTIFERTILITY TO WHITE MICE (<i>Rattus norvegicus</i>)
Authors: Ariani Sri Retno Dwi , Susilowati Endang , Susanti VH Elfi , Setiyani Setiyani 
Published: January 2019

The aim of this research is to know about if the guava (Psidium guajava L.) leaf methanol extract on 10.5 mg/mL and 21.0 mg/mL dossages indicate a positive test as contraception antifertility to white mice (Rattus norvegicus). The sample is guava leaf from Mungkid, Magelang Central of Java Indonesia. The animals experiment are the white mice on 140-300 g for female, 200-250 g for male and about 3 months of age in average. The steps of this research are : (1) preparing sample, i.e. washing, drying on to indirect sunlight and make the sample into powder, (2) isolation the guava leaf powder in soxhlet instrument with hexane, (3) evaporation the sample with rotary evaporator until guava leaf hexane extract produced, (4) maseration the sample with methanol, (5) evaporation the sample with rotary evaporator until guava leaf methanol extract produced, (6) conducting contraception antifertility activity test to guave leaf methanol extract on 10.5 mg/mL and 21.0 mg/mL dossages to mice white. The results of this research are guava leaf methanol extract on 10.5 mg/mL and 21.0 mg/mL dossages indicate a negative contraception antifertility test to white mice but in these dossages have indicated that an antiimplantation effect (the total natality of fetus is less than the total implantation site in mice white). Keywords: Guava leaf, contraseption antifertility, methanol extract, white mice, implantation
COMPARISON TEST OF FNAA AND AAS METHOD FOR Cu, Cd, Cr, AND Pb ANALYSIS OF CODE RIVER SEDIMENT (INDONESIA)
Authors: Sunardi Sunardi , Supriyanto C. 
Published: January 2019

Comparison test of Fast Neutron Activation Analysis (FNAA) and Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) method for analysis of Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb elements in Code river sediment samples has been done. Comparisons of test used Standard Reference materials (SRM) sample, covering the validation test, t test and F test for both method and then these methods were used to analyze the Code river sediment samples. Comparisons test result show that the validity of both method are around 92.69 % to 98.12 % and t test show that there is no significant difference in average concentration, F test of both methods show that there is no difference in accuracy. The analysis result of Code sediment using FNAA for Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb are (15.41 - 53.92) ppm, (1.82 - 3.66) ppm, (14.72 - 87.28) ppm, (18.23 - 109.31) ppm respectively, while those using AAS method are (13.71 - 51.11) ppm, (1.64 - 3.33) ppm, (12.81 - 86.75) ppm, (15.74 - 105.53) ppm, respectively. Statistic result test using ANOVA method showed that the concentration of Cr are not significantly differences within sampling locations, while those for Cd, Cr, Pb show a significant difference within sampling location Keywords: FNAA, AAS, Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb, sediment samples
PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF RHODAMIN-B USING METAL COMPLEXES AND HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
Authors: Lodha Savitri , Jain Abhilasha , Paliwal Mukesh , Punjabi Pinki B. 
Published: January 2019

The photocatalytic degradation has been considered to be an efficient process for degradation of organic pollutants, which are present in the effluents released by industries. The photocatalytic bleaching was carried out on rhodamin-B (cationic dye) in the presence of iron (III) complex, hydrogen peroxide and was observed spectrophotometrically. The effect of various operating variables like pH, concentration of complex and dye, amount of H2O2 and light intensity etc. was also observed on the efficiency of the reaction. A tentative mechanism has also been proposed for this photocatalytic degradation of rhodamin-B. Keywords: Photocatalytic degradation, rhodamin-B, metal complexes, hydrogen peroxide
SOL-GEL DERIVED Co AND Ni BASED CATALYSTS: APPLICATION FOR STEAM REFORMING OF ETHANOL
Authors: Oktaviano Haryo Satriya , Trisunaryanti Wega 
Published: January 2019

Cobalt and nickel based catalysts for ethanol steam reforming have been prepared. Preparation of Na-Ni-Mo/C, Na-Co-Mo/C, K-Ni-Mo/C and K-Co-Mo/C have been carried out using sol-gel method by applying citric acid as complexion agent and source for support formation. Prepared catalyst via sol gel showed tailored morphological properties signed by tailored pore size distribution. The acidity of catalyst showed that all catalysts contain only Lewis acid site. The catalyst activity test was conducted by using semi flow method with molar ratio of ethanol : water = 0.33 at 400 oC Keywords: sol-gel method, steam reforming, ethanol
WHIM-3D-QSPR APPROACH FOR PREDICTING AQUEOUS SOLUBILITY OF CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS
Authors: Zuas Oman 
Published: January 2019

The weighted holistic invariant molecular-three dimensional-quantitative structure property relationship (WHIM-3D-QSPR) approach has been applied to the study of the aqueous solubility (- log Sw) of chlorinated hydrocarbon compounds (CHC's). The obtained QSPR model is predictive and only requires four WHIM-3D descriptors in the calculation. The correlation equation of the model that is based on a training set of 50 CHC's compound has statistical parameters: standard coefficient correlation (R2) = 0.948; cross-validated correlation coefficients (Q2) = 0.935; Standard Error of Validation (SEV) = 0.35; and average absolute error (AAE) = 0.31. The application of the best model to a testing set of 50 CHC's demonstrates a reliable result with good predictability. Besides, it was possible to construct new model by applying WHIM-3D-QSPR approach without require any experimental physicochemical properties in the calculation of aqueous solubility. Keywords: WHIM-3D; QSPR; aqueous solubility; - Log Sw, chlorinated hydrocarbons, CHC's
ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF LIPASE FROM COCOA BEANS (<i>Theobroma cacao.</i> L.) OF CLONE PBC 159
Authors: Samsumaharto Ratna Agung 
Published: January 2019

Lipase (triacylglycerol acylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.3) was extracted and purified from acetone dry powder of cocoa (Theobroma cacao. L.) of clone PBC 159 extract. The Lipase from AcDP of cocoa beans was used for purification using 40-60 and 60-80% ammonium sulphate precipitation. The resulted indicated 44.73 and 60.51-fold purification with 26.74 and 33.31% recovery lipase activity (yield), respectively. The crude lipase enzyme from both precipitation were eluted, producing a single peak after applying through Sephacryl S-200 chromatography. The purified enzyme had a uniform specific activity throughout the final chromatography peak. The results from SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the molecular weight of the lipase enzyme was in between 45-66 kDa. Keywords: isolation, purification, lipase, cocoa beans
INHIBITION OF HUMAN LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS OXIDATION BY <i>Hibiscus radiatus</i> CUV. CALYCES EXTRACT
Authors: Hernawan Hernawan 
Published: January 2019

Hibiscus radiatus Cuv calyces extracts rich in polyphenols was screened for their potential to inhibit oxidation of human low-density lipoproteins-cholesterol (LDL-C) in vitro. The inhibition of LDL-C oxidation (antioxidant activity) was determined by measuring the formation of conjugated dienes and thiobarbituric acid reagent substances (TBARS). LDL-C oxidation was carried out in the presence of H. radiatus Cuv calyces extract (20 and 50 μM). CuSO4 (10 μM) was used as the oxidation initiator and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) at 50 μM was used as standard antioxidant. The protective effect of H. radiatus Cuv. calyces extract toward human low-density lipoproteins, complex lipid system was demonstrated by significant increase lag time (> 103 min), diminished of the propagation rate (44 %), and diminution of conjugated dienes formation 59.42 % (50 μM) compared to control. Keywords: antioxidant, conjugated dienes, Hibiscus radiatus Cuv, low-density lipoproteins-cholesterol
A REVISIT OF PECHMANN REACTION UNDER MICROWAVE RADIATION
Authors: Chattha Fauzia Anjum , Nagra Saeed Ahmed , Munawar Munawar Ali 
Published: January 2019

A series of coumarins have been prepared by the Pechmann reaction of different phenols with ethyl acetoactate as well as malic acid using catalytic amount of sulfuric acid under microwave irradiation for few seconds. Keywords: Pechman reaction, Coumarins, Microwave irradiation
MICELLE-MEDIATED EXTRACTION AS A TOOL FOR SEPARATION AND PRECONCENTRATION IN COPPER ANALYSIS
Authors: Ahmadia F. , Khanmohammadi A. , Malekpour A. 
Published: January 2019

A cloud point extraction method was presented for preconcentration of copper in various samples. After complexation with 4-Amino-2,3-dimethyl-1-phenyl-3-pyrazoline-5-one (ADPP) or N-Benzoyl-N-phenylhydroxylamine (BPA) in water, analyte ions are quantitatively extracted to the phase rich in Triton X-114 after centrifugation. 2.0 mol L-1 HNO3 solution in methanol was added to the surfactant-rich phase prior to its analysis by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The adopted concentrations for ADPP, Triton X-114, HNO3 and parameters such as bath temperature, centrifuge rate and time were optimized. Detection limits (3SDb/m) of 1.3 and 1.9 ng mL-1 for ADPP and BPA along with enrichment factors of 30 and 38 for ADPP and BPA were achieved. The high efficiency of cloud point extraction to carry out the determination of analyte in complex matrices was demonstrated. The proposed method was applied to the analysis of biological, industrial, natural and wastewater, soil and blood samples. Keywords: 4-Amino-2,3-dimethyl-1-phenyl-3-pyrazoline-5-one (ADPP), N-Benzoyl-N-phenylhydroxylamine (BPA) , Cloud Point Extraction, Triton X-114, Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry.
EFFECT OF DE-tert-BUTYLATION AND FUNCTIONALIZATION WITH AMINE GROUPS AT THE UPPER RIM OF p-tert-BUTYLCALIX[4]ARENE TO THE EXTRACTABILITY FOR Cr<sup>3+</sup>, Cd<sup>2+</sup> and Pb<sup>2+</sup> IONS
Authors: Firdaus Firdaus , Jumina Jumina , Sastrohamidjojo Hardjono 
Published: January 2019

The effects to the extractability forwards Cr3+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ ions of de-tert-butylation and functionalization with amine groups at the upper rim of p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene had been studied by applied the p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene (1), tetrahydroxycalix[4]arene (2), and p-(amino)butoxycalixarene (3) compounds as extractants for the heavy metals ions. The extraction involved optimise of three parameters, i.e. pH, time, and concentration of extractants. The extraction degrees of the heavy metals ions at optimum conditions were compared each other to decide the effects. Compound 1 showed high extractability to Cr3+ and Pb2+ ions over Cd2+ ion, but compound 2 as the debutylated product of compound 1 showed low extractability to the all of the heavy metals ions. Compound 3 as product of etherification with butyl groups of the lower rim followed functionalization with amine groups of the upper rim of compound 1 showed high extractability to Pb2+, but low to Cr3+ and Cd2+. Pursuant to the facts it was concluded that debutylation of compound 1 to compound 2 causing decrease drastically of extractability to the heavy metals ions; functionalization of the upper with amine groups as ionophore (compound 3) causing increase of the extractability to Pb2+ ion and decrease of the extractability to Cr3+ with increasing of separation factor value β(Pb2+/Cr3+) from 1.74 by compound 1 to 48.00 by compound 3. By slope analysis, the extracted species and mechanisms of the extractions have been confirmed. Keywords: p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene, debutylation, p-(amino)butoxycalix[4]arene, extractability, heavy metals, extraction mechanisms.
RAPID ISOMERIZATION OF ALKYNOL BY POTASSIUM AMINOPROPYLAMIDE REAGENT
Authors: Winarno Hendig 
Published: January 2019

Terminal alkynol (w-alkynol) is an intermediate compound in synthesis of a potent anticancer agent, namely C-16 alkynic fatty acid. For synthesis of this intermediate compound, it is needed to synthesize the appropriate internal alkynol, namely 2-nonyn-1-ol (10), 2-undecyn-1-ol (11), and 2-heptyn-1-ol (12), subsequently to convert these internal alkynol into terminal alkynol, namely 8-nonyn-1-ol (7), 10-undecyn-1-ol (8), and 6-heptyn-1-ol (9), an isomerization reaction was needed. Based on the method which developed by ABRAMS by using potassium 3-aminopropylamide (KAPA) reagent, the isomerization reaction could be done within 5 minutes in 93-94% yield. Keywords : Isomerization, KAPA reagent, alkynol.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CdS IN DIOL VANILIN LIQUID CRYSTAL MONOMER
Authors: Lee H. L. , Bakar M. Abu , Ismail J. , Issam A.M. 
Published: January 2019

Nanocomposites comprising diol-vanilin and cadmium sulfide (CdS) has been synthesized via chemical precipitation method in ethanol at refluxed temperature (160 oC) for 12 hours. CdCl2. 2.5H2O and thiourea as cadmium and sulfide precursors respectively were employed. Diol vanilin is a thermotropic liquid crystal monomer which exhibits enantiotropic nematic metaphase texture when observed under polarizing microscope and confirmed by DSC thermal stability study. A series of different mass composition of diol vanilin and CdS nanocomposites ranging from 0.1:1.0 till 1.0:1.0(w/w) were prepared and characterized using XRD, TEM, SEM-EDX, POM and DSC. The X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) showed broad peaks due to the formation of cubic CdS nanoparticles in diol vanilin matrix. The nanocomposites at low mass composition of CdS still maintained their nematic phase. However, the liquid crystal property was affected when the mass composition of CdS in nanocomposite was increased and the liquid crystal characteristic vanished when the mass composition was at 0.6:1.0. . Keywords: CdS, diol vanilin, thermotropic liquid crystal, nanocomposite.
SYNTHESIS AND CONFORMATIONS OF p-(ACETAMIDO)-BUTOXYCALIX[4]ARENE AND p-(BENZAMIDO)-BUTOXYCALIX[4]ARENE
Authors: Firdaus Firdaus , Jumina Jumina , Sastrohamidjojo Hardjono 
Published: January 2019

The conversion of p-(amino)butoxycalix[4]arene, 1, to p-(acetamido)butoxy-calix[4]arene, 2, and p-(benzamido)butoxycalix[4]arene, 3, via acetylation and benzoylation reactions, respectively have been conducted. The acetylation reactions was conducted by reflux method and room temperature method. The reflux method was conducted by refluxed a solution of 1 and acetic anhydride in acetic acid glacial solvent for 12 hours to result 2 in 53.8% yield; while the room temperature method was conducted by stirred a solution of 1, acetyl chloride, and dry pyridine in dry toluene solvent and inert atmosphere at room temperature for 24 hours to result 2 in 97.8% yield. By the room temperature method and using benzoyl chloride, the compound 3 was obtained in 67.1% yield. Structures of the both compounds were confirmed using IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy methods. Pursuant to the 1H-NMR spectral patterns of their bridge methylene and calix aryl protons, they were known that the compound 3 exist in partial cone conformation; whereas the compound 2 exist in partial cone, cone, and 1,2-alternate conformations where the partial cone was the main conformer. Keywords: p-(amino)butoxycalix[4]arene, p-(acetamido)butoxycalix[4]arene, p-(benzamido)butoxycalix[4]arene,
CHROMIUM (III) ADSORPTION FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY Rhizophora apiculata TANNINS
Authors: Oo C. W. , Jain K. 
Published: January 2019

Adsorption of Cr3+ from aqueous solution by Rhizophora apiculata tannins was investigated in batch shaking experiments. Tannins extracted from R. apiculata mangrove barks was chemically modified with formaldehyde in the basic solution of sodium hydroxide. The performance of the produced adsorbent on the adsorption of Cr3+ was evaluated based on the effect of several parameters like initial pH, adsorbent dosage, initial Cr3+ concentration and contact time. Equilibrium adsorption data was analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich, Sips and Dubinin-Raduskhevich (D-R) isotherms. The fitness of the isotherms to the experimental data was determined by non-linear regression analysis. Adsorption capacity calculated from Langmuir isotherm was found to be 10.14 mg Cr3+/g of adsorbent at optimum adsorption pH of 4.5. Mean energy of adsorption with the value of 10.35 kJ/mol indicated that adsorption Cr3+ on Rhizophora apiculata tannins followed ion-exchange reaction. Kinetic study showed that the adsorption process followed the pseudo second-order kinetic model. Keywords: Rhizophora apiculata, tannins, isotherms, kinetic, chromium.
SYNTHESIS AND ANTIPLASMODIAL ACTIVITY TESTING OF (1)-N-(4-METHOXYBENZYL)-1,10-PHENANTHROLINIUM BROMIDE
Authors: Hadanu Ruslin , Mastjeh Sabirin , Jumina Jumina , Mustofa Mustofa , Widjayanti Mahardika Agus , Sholikhah Eti Nurwening 
Published: January 2019

Synthesis of (1)-N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1,10-phenanthroline bromide from 1,10-phenanthroline monohydrate and 4-methoxybenzaldehyde as starting material and evaluation of its antiplasmodial activities have been carried out. The 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol was prepared from 4-methoxy-benzaldehyde using sodium borohydride (NaBH4) reagent and ethanol absolute solution. The mixture was refluxed for 3 h. To yield colorless dilution compound with 90.41 % in efficiency. Furthermore, bromination of 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol with phosphorus bromide (PBr3) was conducted by refluxing for 3 h. The product of this reaction was yellow liquid of 4-methoxybenzyl bromide, 79.03% yield and 95.34 % purity. The final step of reaction was benzylation of 1,10-phenanthroline monohydrate with 4-methoxybenzyl bromide reagent. It was conducted by refluxing in aceton for 8 h at 55 oC. The yield of the reaction was (1)-N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1,10-phenanthroline bromide (77.63%). It is pink solid form, and its melting point is 192-193 oC. Identification of the product was carried out by means of GC-MS, IR and 1H-NMR spectrometers. The in vitro antiplasmodial activity on chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum FCR-3 strain and chloroquine sensitive P. falciparum D10 strain for (1)-N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1,10-phenanthroline bromide were determined by microscopic method. The result showed that after 72 h incubation, it has IC50 0.93±0.02 µM and 1.21±0.09 µM, respectively. Keywords: 1,10-phenanthroline, (1)-N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1,10-phenanthroline bromide, 4 methoxybenzaldehyde, antiplasmodial activities
SYNTHESIS OF UK-3A ANALOGUE AND ASSAY ON P 388 MURINE LEUKEMIA CELLS
Authors: Anita Y , Hanafi M , Putra AMJ , Arifin S , Usuki Y , Iio H 
Published: January 2019

UK-3A is secondary metabolite of Streptomyces sp.517-02 which has IC50 38 µg/mL against P388 Murine Leukemia cells. An analogue of UK-3A was synthesized from L-methyl serine as the starting material by amidation and esterification. An analogue UK-3A was analyzed and identified by TLC, FT-IR, LC-MS and NMR spectrometer. It was found to have IC50 15.4µg/mL against the same Leukemia cells. The overall yield was 87.10%. Keywords: UK-3A, Streptomyces sp. 517-02, Anticancer, P388 Murine Leukeumia cell
BIOSORPTION OF METAL IONS Pb(II), Cu(II), AND Cd(II) ON <i>Sargassum duplicatum</i> IMMOBILIZED SILICA GEL MATRIX
Authors: Buhani Buhani , Suharso Suharso , Sembiring Zipora 
Published: January 2019

Sargassum duplicatum algae biomass is biological material which has a potency to be used as a biosorbent adsorb metal ions from industrial liquid waste, because it has effective functional group as a ligand. However, the ability of the algae biomass in adsorbing of heavy metal ions has some problem such as; tiny size, low density, and easy to be degradated by other microorganism. In addition, algae biomass can not be used directly in adsorption column for its application as the biosorbent. In order to improve physical and chemical prpperties of algae biomass, it needs to be immobilized on silica gel matrix. Series of experiment have been done, morphology analysis of adsorbent surface was performed by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and adsorption process to examine the effectiveness of algae biomass immobilized in adsorbing Pb(II), Cu(II), and Cd(II) was performed using batch method at 27 °C. Concentration of metal was determined by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) and identification of functional group was conducted using Spectrophotometer Infrared (IR). Data obtained showed that interacting among metal ions with algae biomass is optimum at a range of 60 minutes. Adsorption energies of metal ions resulted from the interaction of metal ions with the functional group of -C=O group from carboxyl and amide on algae biomass and -Si-OH group from silica were at a range of 21.09-25.05 kJ/mole. Keywords: biosorption, silica gel, Sargassum duplicatum, immobilization
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TRIAQUATRISULFISOKSAZOL COBALT(II)SULPHATE.nHYDRATE COMPLEX
Authors: Rahardjo Sentot Budi , Masykur Abu , Puspitaningrum Melin 
Published: January 2019

Complex of cobalt(II) with sulfisoxazole (slfs) has been synthesized in 1 : 4 mole ratio of metal to ligands in methanol, the complex formula is [Co(slfs)3(H2O)3]SO4.nH2O. The electric conductivity of the complex in methanol correspond to 1:1 electrolyte. The thermal analysis indicates that complex contain some hydrates. Magnetic Susceptibility measurements show that the complex is paramagnetic with µeff = 4,60(9) BM. Infra red spectra indicates that the primary N-H group coordinated to the center ion, it is signed by a shift of primary N-H group absorption. UV-Vis spectrum appears one peak at λ= 515,5 nm (19.342 cm-1) due to transition peak of 4T1g (F) → 4T2g (P) (ν3) overlay to transition peak of 4T1g(F) → 4A2g(F) (ν2). The value of 10 Dq (Δo) that corresponds to transition 4T1g → 4T2g (n1) is 95,29 kJ.mol-1. Cyclic voltammograms have revealed quasi reversible. The complex probably is octahedral. Keywords: cobalt(II), sulfisoxazole, complex, paramagnetic, octahedral
ONE-STEP CONVERSION OF EUGENOL TO METHYL ISOEUGENOL USING MICROWAVE IRRADIATION IN SOLVENT-FREE CONDITIONS
Authors: Rudyanto Marcellino , Hartanti Lanny 
Published: January 2019

A research on conversion of eugenol to methyl isoeugenol via one-step reaction with microwave irradiation has been carried out. Mixtures containing eugenol, sodium or potassium carbonate as solid support, with or without sodium or potassium hydroxide as base, with or without tetrabutylammonium bromide as phase transfer catalyst, with dimethyl sulfate as the methylating agent were irradiated in a domestic microwave oven for 20 - 50 seconds. It was revealed that one-step methylation and isomerization required combinations of sodium or potassium hydroxide base and tetrabutylammonium bromide. Without combination of base and TBAB only one product, i.e. methyl eugenol, was formed. Keywords: eugenol, methyl eugenol, methyl isoeugenol, microwave
SYNTHESIS OF THIN FILM OF TiO<sub>2</sub> ON GRAPHITE SUBSTRATE BY CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION
Authors: Rahmawati Fitria , Wahyuningsih Sayekti , A.W Pamularsih 
Published: January 2019

Thin film of TiO2 on graphite substrat has been prepared by means of chemical bath deposition. Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide served as linking agent of synthesized TiO2 to graphite substrate.The optical microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) indicate that surfactant concentration affects the pore morphology of thin film Surface Area Analysis (SAA) of thin film indicated that the pore of thin film included in mesopore category. The anatase phase of TiO2 quantity arised as the surfactant concentration increase, gave high efficiency of induced photon conversion to current efficiency (% IPCE). Keywords: thin film, TiO2, deposition, graphite