bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of sleeve gastrectomy on liver enzymes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-related fibrosis and steatosis scores in morbidly obese patients: first year follow-up
Authors: Kahramanoğlu Aksoy Evrim , Göktaş Zeynep , Albuz Özgür , Akpınar Muhammet Yener , Öztürk Doğan , Buluş Hakan , Uzman Metin 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a high prevalence among patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Although liver biopsy is the gold standard for assessing histopathologic changes in the liver, it is an invasive procedure. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of sleeve gastrectomy on liver enzymes, fibrosis and steatosis scores; ultrasonographic findings; biochemical parameters; and anthropometric measurements in morbidly obese patients with NAFLD.

Methods
Ninety-seven obese patients who underwent LSG were included in this study. Sex, age, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, liver enzymes, ultrasonographic findings and laboratory parameters to calculate fibrosis and steatosis scores were collected before surgery and after 1 year of follow-up.

Results
A total of 88.7% of patients had liver steatosis at the pre-surgical ultrasonographic evaluation and this ratio decreased to 46.4% 1 year after surgery. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) and liver fat score (LFS) were significantly higher in patients with steatosis grade III vs. others. There were improvements in high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), glucose, insulin, BMI, liver enzymes and all NAFLD-related fibrosis and steatosis scores.

Conclusions
HOMA-IR, ALT, LFS and APRI scores can be used for follow-up procedures in morbidly obese patients with NAFLD who underwent LSG.
Mitophagy could fight Parkinson’s disease through antioxidant action
Authors: Di Rita Anthea , Strappazzon Flavie 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
During aging, the process of mitophagy, a system that allows the removal of dysfunctional mitochondria through lysosomal degradation, starts to malfunction. Because of this defect, damaged mitochondria are not removed correctly, and their decomposing components accumulate inside the cells. Dysfunctional mitochondria that are not removed by mitophagy produce high amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and, thus, cause oxidative stress. Oxidative stress, in turn, is very harmful for the cells, neuronal cells, in particular. Consequently, the process of mitophagy plays a crucial role in mitochondria-related disease. Mitochondrial dysfunctions and oxidative stress are well-established factors contributing to Parkinson’s disease (PD), one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, we report various known antioxidants for PD treatments and describe the stimulation of mitophagy process as a novel and exciting method for reducing oxidative stress in PD patients. We describe the different mechanisms responsible for mitochondria removal through the mitophagy process. In addition, we review the functional connection between mitophagy induction and reduction of oxidative stress in several in vitro models of PD and also agents (drugs and natural compounds) already known to be antioxidants and to be able to activate mitophagy. Finally, we propose that there is an urgent need to test the use of mitophagy-inducing antioxidants in order to fight PD.
Relocating the Freak Show: Disability in the Medical Drama
Authors: Wegner Gesine 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThrough an analysis of various negotiations of disability inHouse, M.D. andGrey’s Anatomy, my paper discusses the narrative and non-narrative means that make the medical drama such an appealing genre to contemporary audience members. As the most successful medical dramas of the post-millennial era,House, M.D.andGrey’s Anatomyrely heavily on the exhibition of non-normative bodies, the humorous device of re-naming patients, and the narrative construction of disability as unbearable deviance. While Laura Backstrom locates the freak show in non-fictional television formats like the talk show and documentary, my paper illustrates how the medical drama, although at times highly self-reflexive, has become another pervasive relocation of the freak show into contemporary television. In a close reading ofGrey’s Anatomy, I further demonstrate how the portrayal of a disabled doctor as a series regular both manifests and challenges some of the normative perceptions of the body that the genre relies on.
Die Beteiligung der ostjordanischen Stämme an der westjordanischen Landnahme. Ein Vergleich von Num 32,1–33; Dtn 3,18–20 und Jos 1,12–15
Authors: Gesundheit Shimon 
Published: March 2019

Zusammenfassung
In der gegenwärtigen Forschung spielt der Vergleich von innerbiblischen Textparallelen sowohl für die synchrone Exegese des Endtextes wie auch für die diachrone Analyse literargeschichtlicher Vorstufen oft nur eine untergeordnete Rolle. Der vorliegende Beitrag will anhand einer Darstellung der intertextuellen Beziehungen zwischen Num 32,1–33 und Dtn 3,18–20 und eines Vergleichs von Num 32,1–33 mit Jos 1,12–15 den Nutzen dieses Vorgehens sowohl für die Rekonstruktion literarischer Vorstufen von Texten als auch für die Exegese des Endtextes aufzeigen.
Durch Schriftkenntnis zur Vollkommenheit: Zur Funktion des vielgestaltigen Schriftgebrauchs in 1Kor 2,6–16 und 14,20–25
Authors: Wilk Florian 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The scriptural interpretation that pervades First Corinthians initiates a process of education and formation among the addressees: They must learn to employ Scripture as a standard for shaping their existence “in Christ.” In this regard, discussions over the meaning of Paul’s letter within the heterogeneous congregation are significant. Such discussions are stimulated through 1Cor 2:6–16 and 14:20–25, passages that lead the readers to a “mature” judgement concerning the gifts of God’s spirit as well as appropriate behaviour. To that end, they appeal to Scripture in a twofold way: First, an explicit citation substantiates Paul’s position in his debate with the Corinthians; second, an oblique reference – which, as soon as it is detected, helps to resolve the ambiguities in his reasoning – brings about agreement between him and those believers who are more familiar with Scripture. Apparently, only sufficient competence in interpreting and applying Scripture paves the way towards spiritual “maturity.”
PRÁTICAS MECANICISTA E ORGÂNICA E SUA RELAÇÃO COM O DESEMPENHO DAS EMPRESAS
Authors: Gambirage Cinara , Da Silva Jaison Caetano , Casagrande Jacir Leonir , Montenegro de Lima Carlos Rogério 
Published: March 2019

O presente estudo tem por objetivo discutir a estrutura organizacional adotada pelas empresas mecanicistas e orgânicas e os reflexos no seu desempenho. Para tanto, utiliza-se do suporte da teoria das organizações, embasando a discussão de que os diferentes arranjos de estruturas organizacionais reagem de diferentes maneiras às necessidades da adaptação ao ambiente e, consequentemente, possuem diferentes maneiras de avaliarem seu desempenho, bem como apresentam diferentes desempenhos. A partir da discussão teórica, propõe-se uma agenda de pesquisa com hipóteses a serem testadas em estudos futuros, podendo ser consideradas como contribuintes para o campo da pesquisa em estudos organizacionais como tentativa de melhor compreender o fenômeno abordado.
FGF-23 Deficiency Impairs Hippocampal-Dependent Cognitive Function
Authors: Laszczyk Ann M. , Nettles Dailey , Pollock Tate A. , Fox Stephanie , Garcia Melissa L. , Wang Jing , Quarles L. Darryl , King Gwendalyn D. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractFibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) and α-Klotho transduce FGF-23 signaling in renal tubules to maintain systemic phosphate/vitamin D homeostasis. Mice deficient for either the ligand, FGF-23, or the co-receptor, Klotho, are phenocopies with both showing rapid and premature development of multiple aging-like abnormalities. Such similarity in phenotype, suggests that FGF-23 and Klotho have co-dependent systemic functions. Recent reports revealed inverse central nervous system (CNS) effects of Klotho deficiency or Klotho overexpression on hippocampal synaptic, neurogenic, and cognitive functions. However, it is unknown whether FGF-23 deficiency effects function of the hippocampus. We report that, similar to Klotho-deficient mice, FGF-23-deficient mice develop dose-dependent, hippocampal-dependent cognitive impairment. However, FGF-23-deficient brains had no gross structural or developmental defects, no change in hippocampal synaptic plasticity, and only minor impairment to postnatal hippocampal neurogenesis. Together, these data provide evidence that FGF-23 deficiency impairs hippocampal-dependent cognition but otherwise results in a brain phenotype that is distinct from the KL-deficient mouse.
Sequential Neural Activity in Primary Motor Cortex during Sleep
Authors: Xu Wei , de Carvalho Felipe , Jackson Andrew 
Published: March 2019

Sequential firing of neurons during sleep is thought to play a role in the consolidation of learning. However, direct evidence for such sequence replay is limited to only a few brain areas and sleep states mainly in rodents. Using a custom-designed wearable neural data logger and chronically implanted electrodes, we made long-term recordings of neural activity in the primary motor cortex of two female nonhuman primates during free behavior and natural sleep. We used the local field potential (LFP) spectrogram to characterize sleep cycles, and examined firing rates, correlations, and sequential firing of neurons at different frequency bands through the cycle. Slow-wave sleep (SWS) was characterized by low neural firing rates and high synchrony, reflecting slow oscillations between cortical down and up states. However, the order in which neurons entered up states was similar to the sequence of neural activity observed at low frequencies during waking behavior. In addition, we found evidence of brief bursts of theta oscillation, associated with non-SWS states, during which neurons fired in strikingly regular sequential order phase-locked to the LFP. Theta sequences were preserved between waking and sleep, but appeared not to resemble the order of neural activity observed at lower frequencies. The sequential firing of neurons during slow oscillations and theta bursts may contribute to the consolidation of procedural memories during sleep.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTReplay of sequential neural activity during sleep is believed to support consolidation of daytime learning. Despite a wealth of studies investigating sequential replay in association with episodic and spatial memory, it is unknown whether similar sequences occur in motor areas during sleep. Within long-term neural recordings from monkey motor cortex, we found two distinct patterns of sequential activity during different phases of the natural sleep cycle. Slow-wave sleep was associated with delta-band sequences that resembled low-frequency activity during movement, while occasional brief bursts of theta oscillation were associated with a different order of sequential firing. Our results are the first report of sequential sleep replay in the motor cortex, which may play an important role in consolidation of procedural learning.
„Klasszikus” új művészet. A gipszminták szerepe a szocreálban
Authors: Szücs György 
Published: March 2019

With the victory of the Hungarian Workers’ Party – the communist party – in Hungary in 1949 the “reform” of the institutions of tertiary education including the Academy of Fine Arts and Academy of Applied Arts took place, meaning their transformation upon Soviet models. In daily training, in teaching the techniques of drawing and painting, they returned to the copying of plaster casts, which had already been discarded by the free school of Simon Hollósy in Munich in the 1880s for the benefit of a naturalist approach. This principle was promoted further by the art colony of Nagybánya started in 1896, and it was the guideline when after 1920 the Academy of Fine Arts was reorganized. The traditional academic approach had its roots in J. J. Winckelmann’s Thoughts on the Imitation of Greek Works in Painting and Sculpture published in 1755, while the nature-centric thought of free schools could draw on J-J. Rousseau’s Émile, or on Education (1762). In the seething period of Soviet painting in the 1920s an increasingly strengthening current among the greatly diverse trends was the one announcing the slogan of “heroic realism”; it was represented primarily by the Society of Painters of Revolutionary Russia (AHRR). N. B. Terpsikhorov’s The first slogan was painted in 1924; it shows an artist painting the Leninian slogan All power to the soviets! on a red tapestry at the foot of the plaster replicas of the Venus of Milo and the Borghese gladiator.
In addition to the guidance provided by Soviet advisers visiting Hungary in the 1950s, several Hungarian artists could study at Russian academies; they recalled that the basis for learning socialist realism was precise draughtsmanship and the requirement that a work be completed. The demand for high quality socialist realism weighed down upon the teachers with mature ideas socialized in earlier decades and often receiving the badge of “formalism” and on students having to interrupt their art studies for the world war as unattainable. Making copies – in painting and sculpture – was not only part of the training process, but also satisfied the demand of public institutions for representation: replicas of several famous Soviet works, including portraits of Lenin and Stalin were ordered for decoration in buildings, and the program of a museum for the state collection of copies was also deliberated.
112 De Çalışan Personelin Çalışma Koşullarına Göre Dikkat Ve Konsantrasyon Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: USLU Yakup , TANRIVERDİ Fatih , KURTOĞLU ÇELİK Gülhan , ÖZHASENEKLER Ayhan , ERGİN Mehmet , PAMUKÇU GÜNAYDIN Gül , GÖKHAN Şervan 
Published: March 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmada 112’ de çalışan personelin çalışma süresine ve şartlarına göre spontan dikkat düzeylerinin belirlenmesi ve çalışma koşullarıyla ilişkili değişkenlerin dikkat düzeyine etkisinin analizi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada d2 dikkat testi parametrelerinin nöbet öncesi ve nöbet sonundaki değerleri arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. d2 Dikkat Testi seçici dikkati ölçmeye yardımcı olan araçlarından birisidir. Prospektif, tanımlayıcı nitelikteki bu çalışmaya Ankara genelinde çalışan 112 Acil sağlık hizmetleri personeli dâhil edildi. Katılımcılara ait demografik veriler ve nöbet başlangıcı ile nöbet sonunda yapılan d2 testi puanları istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırıldı.Bulgular: Nöbet öncesinde E toplam puanı ortanca değeri 18 (ÇAG:43) iken vardiya sonunda bu değer 28 (ÇAG= 90) olup aradaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır (Z= 8,680,p&lt;0,001). Nöbet öncesinde E hata puanı ortanca değeri 2,7 (ÇAG:6,5) iken vardiya sonunda bu değer 4,3 (ÇAG=13,6) olup aradaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır (Z= 8,680,p&lt;0,001). Nöbet öncesinde CP puanı ortanca değeri 279 (ÇAG:43) iken vardiya sonunda bu değer 269 (ÇAG= 90) olup aradaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır (Z= 8,680,p&lt;0,001). Sonuç: Elde ettiğimiz bulgulara göre bireylerin nöbet öncesi ve sonrası d2 testi sonuçları arasında anlamlı düzeyde fark olduğu belirlenmiştir. d2 testi puanları arasındaki anlamlı farklılık 112’ de çalışan personelin dikkat düzeyinin çalışma süresi boyunca azaldığını göstermektedir.
BİLİMSEL ÇALIŞMALARIN GELECEĞİN GİYİM TASARIMINA OLASI ETKİLERİ
Authors: ÖZKENDİRCİ Başak 
Published: March 2019

Kimyasal boyaların keşfedilmesi, rejenere liflerin geliştirilmesi ve çözgülü örme teknolojisi moda dünyası üzerinde önemli etkiler yaratmıştır. Yakın zamanda geliştirilen teknikler ve malzemeler moda tasarımlarını etkilemeye devam etmektedir. Son yıllarda dijital baskı teknolojileri, tekstil baskı üretiminin dinamiklerini ve basılı tasarımların tarzını değiştirmiştir. Moda tasarımcıları üç boyutlu yazıcılar kullanarak ürettikleri aksesuarları ve giysileri defilelerinde kullanmaktadır. Biyomateryaller, nanoteknoloji, mekatronik, nesnelerin interneti, mikro işlemciler, yapay zekâ, hologram teknolojileri, enerji depolama sistemleri, geleceğin sosyal hayatını ve ekonomisini değiştirecek teknolojiler olarak görülmektedir. Bu alanlarda yapılan araştırmaların geleceğin moda tasarımlarını ve moda endüstrisini etkileyeceği açıktır. Makale; moda tasarımcıları, tekstil tasarımcıları, trend araştırmacıları ve tekstil sektörüne hizmet veren kuruluşular için geleceğe yönelik bir vizyon sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Farklı bilim alanlarında gerçekleştirilen ve giyim endüstrisiyle ilişkilendirilen araştırmalardan örneklerin aktarıldığı makalede, geleceğin moda dünyasında yaşanacak değişimler hakkında öngörüler geliştirilmektedir. İlk bölümünde geleceğin üretim anlayışını değiştireceği düşünülen yeni üretim teknolojilerinin aktarılmıştır. İkinci bölümde yeni nesil malzemeler biyomateryaller ve nanomateryaller başlıkları altında açıklanmıştır. Üçüncü bölümde ise giyime adapte dilebilen teknolojilere yer verilmiştir. Son bölümde ise günümüzde gerçekleşen araştırma ve buluşların, geleceğin kullanıcısının günlük yaşamını nasıl etkileyeceği kurgusu üzerinden moda endüstrisine dair fütürist bir vizyon oluşturulmuştur.
Expectativas del futuro profesorado de Educación infantil y primaria sobre el desarrollo infantil en distintas estructuras familiares
Authors: Triana Pérez Beatriz , Ceballos Vacas Esperanza M.ª , Rodríguez Hernández Juan Antonio 
Published: March 2019

Los prejuicios sociales del profesorado sobre las familias no convencionales pueden ser un escollo más en la relación familia-escuela. Por ello, se exploran las expectativas de 220 estudiantes de los Grados de Maestro/a de Educación Infantil y Primaria sobre la adaptación de los hijos que crecen en distintas modalidades familiares: nuclear, por divorcio/separación, reconstituidas, adoptivas y homoparentales. Sus respuestas a 19 ítems, usando una escala tipo Likert de 10 puntos, muestran una visión menos prejuiciosa hacia la diversidad. No obstante, la familia nuclear tradicional sigue recibiendo las expectativas de mayor adaptación. Le sigue la familia adoptiva biparental heterosexual y la condición de custodia compartida tras la ruptura. Las peores expectativas recaen en las familias reconstituidas, especialmente en presencia de una madrastra y sus hijos, o en los casos de familias monoparentales con custodias en solitario. En general, las mayores expectativas de adaptación se asocian a las condiciones de biparentalidad, heterosexualidad, existencia de vínculos biológicos con el cuidador principal (especialmente con la madre), y cuanto menor número de miembros nuevos se incorporen a la familia. Así, aunque los prejuicios sociales parecen matizarse, se ve necesaria una mayor formación del profesorado sobre los retos específicos de las distintas estructuras familiares evaluadas.
Los maestros colombianos como grupo de presión 1958 - 1979
Authors: Bocanegra Acosta Henry 
Published: March 2019

El magisterio colombiano (cuerpo docente al serivicio del Estado) constituye un sector social con una relativa identidad profesional y gremial. El lapso, objeto de este análisis, comprende los años 1958-1979, período en el cual se fundó la Federación Colombiana de Educadores, FECODE, su organización sindical. Posteriormente ésta alcanza una significativa reivindicación gremial: el Estatuto Docente, reglamentación que permite la obtención de unas condiciones laborales adecuadas, permitiendo además superar falencias en la selección y vinculación de los docentes, en su estabilidad laboral, en el régimen disciplinario y en su régimen de carrera o escalafón. Con el Estatuto Docente concluyó una etapa de debate y movilización sindical. Llegar a ese punto significó la ocurrencia de transformaciones de naturaleza ideológica, política y organizativa dentro de la FECODE.
Quasi-particle Contribution in Thermal Expansion and Thermal Conductivity in Metals
Authors: Edema1 O. G. , Osiele2 O. M. , Otobo1 S. I. , Akinbolusere1 A. O. 
Published: March 2019

In this paper the modified Landau theory of Fermi Liquids was used to compute the thermal expansion and thermal conductivity of quasi-particles in metals. The result revealed that as temperature increases the thermal expansion of quasi-particles in metals increases in all the metals investigated. It is also observed that as the electron density parameter increases the thermal expansion of quasi-particles increases. This shows that at low density region the thermal expansion of quasi-particles is large. The result obtained for the thermal conductivity of quasi-particles in metals revealed that for all the metals computed the thermal conductivity of quasi-particles decreases as temperature increases. This seems to suggest that as temperature increases the separation between quasi-particles increases because they are not heavy particles hence, the rate of absorbing heat decreases. The computed thermal expansion and thermal conductivity of quasi-particles are in better agreement with experimental values. This suggests that the introduction of the electron density parameter is promising in predicting the contribution of quasi-particles to the bulk properties of metals. This study revealed the extent to which quasi-particles contribute to the bulk properties of metals, which assisted their potential applications in materials science and engineering development.