bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exportações de petróleo e a hipótese da Maldição dos Recursos Naturais no Brasil
Authors: Veríssimo Michele Polline 
Published: June 2019

Este artigo investiga os efeitos das exportações de produtos primários, com foco no petróleo, sobre o desempenho do Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) brasileiro, conforme os argumentos da literatura denominada “Maldição dos Recursos Naturais”. Para isso, utiliza análise de cointegração via estimação de modelos Autorregressivos de Defasagens Distribuídas (ADRL), com dados do período 2000-2017. As evidências apontam que os efeitos das exportações de petróleo são positivos para a atividade econômica no longo prazo, com robustez dos resultados quando os canais de transmissão do problema são controlados, contrariando a hipótese da maldição para o Brasil. Contudo, os efeitos são negativos no curto prazo, embora se tornem insignificantes com o controle dos canais de transmissão. Assim, verifica-se a importância da retomada dos investimentos e da melhora do quadro institucional para assegurar os benefícios do petróleo para a economia.
Nursing Student Experiences in Clinical Education with Peer Learning Strategies
Authors: Hamzah Nuhla Nuhbah , Putri Suci Tuty , Sumartini Sri 
Published: June 2019

<p>Clinical learning greatly determines the quality of graduates in nursing education. In the clinical learning process students tend to be reluctant and afraid to ask questions and express opinions to lecturers and advisors, but students will be more courageous to ask and express opinions about the courses to other students. Peer learning is a learning strategy where students who have high absorption to become tutors for their friends who have not understood the material for a particular purpose and this method can be an alternative in clinical learning. The study aims to explore students experience on clinical nursing education with peer learning method. The research method which is utilized to develop the study was the qualitative method with phenomenology approach.Â The 8 participants in the research students collage base goal of research have been administered. The data analysis of taking interview from participant use Thematic Content Analysis. The data analysis reported that The Learning Experience, Self-Esteem, Leadership and Development of clinical skills.Â Peer learning can make students' knowledge grow, more independent, more initiative, more courageous, able to train leadership and improve clinical skills. To sum up, the development of strategy peer learning are able to enhance the skills of nursing students.</p>
Posterior Malleolar Ankle Fractures
Authors: Mason Lyndon William , Kaye Angus , Widnall James , Redfern James , Molloy Andrew 
Published: June 2019

Background:
There is increasing acceptance that the clinical outcomes following posterior malleolar fractures are less than satisfactory. We report our results of posterior malleolar fracture management based on the classification by Mason and Molloy.

Methods:
All fractures were classified on the basis of computed tomographic (CT) scans obtained preoperatively. This dictated the treatment algorithm. Type-1 fractures underwent syndesmotic fixation. Type-2A fractures underwent open reduction and internal fixation through a posterolateral incision, type-2B fractures underwent open reduction and internal fixation through either a posteromedial incision or a combination of a posterolateral with a medial-posteromedial incision, and type-3 fractures underwent open reduction and internal fixation through a posteromedial incision.

Results:
Patient-related outcome measures were obtained in 50 patients with at least 1-year follow-up. According to the Mason and Molloy classification, there were 17 type-1 fractures, 12 type-2A fractures, 10 type-2B fractures, and 11 type-3 fractures. The mean Olerud-Molander Ankle Score was 75.9 points (95% confidence interval [CI], 66.4 to 85.3 points) for patients with type-1 fractures, 75.0 points (95% CI, 61.5 to 88.5 points) for patients with type-2A fractures, 74.0 points (95% CI, 64.2 to 83.8 points) for patients with type-2B fractures, and 70.5 points (95% CI, 59.0 to 81.9 points) for patients with type-3 fractures.

Conclusions:
We have been able to demonstrate an improvement in the Olerud-Molander Ankle Score for all posterior malleolar fractures with the treatment algorithm applied using the Mason and Molloy classification. Mason classification type-3 fractures have marginally poorer outcomes, which correlates with a more severe injury; however, this did not reach significance.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Digital Surface Model-aided Quantitative Geologic Rockfall Rating System (QG-RRS)
Authors: Admassu Yonathan 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTRockfalls are one of the most common types of slope failures that affect cut slopes along roadways in mountainous regions. The Rockfall Hazard Rating System (RHRS), started in Oregon and adopted by various U.S. states, is used to rate cut slopes with respect to their likelihood of releasing rockfalls. Existing rating systems use semi-quantitative approaches to rate geological and non-geological factors. The main geologic factors are favorability/unfavorability of orientation of discontinuities with respect to the orientation of slope faces and likelihood of differential weathering leading to undercutting of strong rock units. Digital surface models (DSMs) derived from light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and photogrammetry have been used to remotely characterize rock mass. This research introduces an expanded application of DSMs to quantify geologic factors that contribute to the likelihood of rockfall events. The method is hence referred to as the Quantitative Geologic Rockfall Rating System (QG-RRS). Four DSM-based parameters, A, B, C, and D, have been identified to evaluate geologic factors. These parameters quantify the likelihood of discontinuity orientation-controlled failures (parameter A), the degree of undercutting (parameter B), rockfall activity based on rockfall release surfaces (parameter C), and rockfall volume from rockfall voids (parameter D). This rating system, although not inclusive of other non-geological factors, appears to provide reproducible quantitative estimation of geologic factors that control rockfall generation.
Effect of tetrandrine combined with arsenic trioxide on stem cells of triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Guo Yubo , Fan Yingyi , Wu Ruixian , Pei Xiaohua 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background

Although the triple negative breast cancer is sensitive to chemotherapy, breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) is the origin of tumor chemotherapy resistance, tumor recurrence and tumor invasion and metastasis. This study aims to examine the effect of tetrandrine combine with arsenic trioxide on BCSCs and potential mechanism of anti- triple negative breast cancer metastasis.

Methods

We cultured the triple negative breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 and induced BCSCs sphere formation by serum-free medium for 5 days. In the MDA-MB-231 cell and MDA-MB-231 stem cell, we compared the ratio of CD44+/CD24- and sorted stem cells by flow cytometry, the expression of Oct4 and Sox2mRNA were by rt-PCR, invasion ability were by Transwell assay. We subsequently measured the effect of tetrandrine combine with arsenic trioxide on BCSCs proliferation by CCK8 method. The stem cell morphology observation was by trypan blue staining. Stem cell cycle and apoptosis were evaluated by flow cytometry. Western Blot was used to measure the protein levels of Hedgehog, Notch1 and PTEN signaling of BCSCs.

Results

The ratio of CD44+/CD24- in MDA-MB-231 stem cells was 95.0%, while MDA-MB-231 cell was 89.3%. The invasion number of MDA-MB-231 stem cell was significantly higher than that of MDA-MB-231 cells (p<0.01). Furthermore, we demonstrated that tetrandrine and arsenic trioxide could inhibit the BCSCs proliferation. Tetrandrine combine with arsenic trioxide could significantly promote the apoptosis (p<0.01) and increase the percentage of G0/G1 phase and decrease the G2/M phase (p<0.01) of BCSCs. Compared with the control group, arsenic trioxide, tetrandrine and the combined group could significantly reduce the expression of GLI1 and SMO and increase the expression of PTEN protein (P<0.05).

Conclusions

These findings revealed that tetrandrine combined with arsenic trioxide could suppress the proliferation and induce apoptosis of BCSCs by decreased Gli and SMO expression and increased PTEN expression. Targeting BCSCs treatment, this study provides potential therapeutic drugs against triple negative breast cancer metastasis.
METHOD OF SOLVING SYSTEM OF LINEAR ALGEBRAIC EQUATIONS WITH USE OF HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING ON GPU
Authors: Benenson M. Z. 
Published: June 2019

The  article  discusses  the  use  of  graphics  processing  units  for  solving  large  system  of  linear  algebraic  equations  (SLAE).  A heterogeneous multiprocessor computing platform produced by the NIIVK, whose architecture allows the integration of general‑ purpose microprocessor modules with graphics processor modules was used as an equipment for solving SLAEs. The description of the SLAE solution program, developed on the basis of the CUBLAS CUDA software interface library, is given. A method is proposed for increasing the accuracy of calculations of linear systems based on the use of a modified Gauss method. It has been established that the use of the modified Gauss method practically does not increase the program operation time with a significant increase in the accuracy of calculations. It is concluded that the use of graphics processors for solving SLAEs allows processing matrices of a larger size compared to the use of general‑purpose microprocessors.
ABOUT EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION OF TOPOLOGICAL DELAY LINES
Authors: Sorokin S. А. , Sysoev O. Yu. 
Published: June 2019

In  order  to  synchronize  signals  at  receiving  points  in  high‑speed  digital  electronics,  the  configurations  of  the  corresponding  tracks on the PCB must ensure the same signal delays. Their synchronization is ensured by the creation of topological delay lines, which are realized by inscribing a meander in a certain area, as a rule, a rectangle. The article analyzes the influence of the parameters of the delay line and the shape of the inscribed conductor on the efficiency of use of the installation space. It is noted that computer‑aided design systems offer two basic options for inscribing a meander in a rectangular area: «accordion» and «trombone». The impossibility of reducing and the inexpediency of increasing the width of the region of the delay line in the «trombone» variant makes its use in narrow or short «corridors» ineffective. Therefore, the «accordion» version is considered more versatile and flexible. It also concludes that it is preferable to use long narrow areas of delay lines and the advisability to avoid very short and too narrow areas when automatically creating topological delay lines.
ABOUT FANOUTS PLACEMENT IN BGA COMPONENT AREA
Authors: Sorokin S. А. , Sysoev O. Yu. 
Published: June 2019

During the routing in the BGA area, two related problems need to be solved: the first one is the arrangement of the two‑ports under the BGA component in such a way that the maximum number of vias (through) can be accommodated, the second is the placement of vias and the assignment of vias to each BGA contact (or group of equipotential contacts). The approach to solving the first problem was previously proposed by the authors. The second problem was considered in the literature as applied to irregular BGA components, but the proposed method needs clarification in terms of using information on the arrangement of equipotential contacts and the assignment of vias to them. The proposed approach does not guarantee the optimal solution, because along with precise algorithms (for matching problem and assignments) it uses a number of heuristics, however it allows to automate the process of arranging the fanouts and, therefore, significantly reduce the complexity of the routing.
HARDWARE-SOFTWARE PLATFORM OF INDUSTRIAL MONITORING
Authors: Bondarenko M. A. , Bondarenko A. V. , Benenson M. Z. 
Published: June 2019

The paper describes basic requirements for a modern supervisory control and data acquisition system (SCADA), in particular for monitoring systems of complex industrial facilities. It is known that many robotic processes require non‑destructive testing with pattern recognition elements within a common monitoring system. On the widely used GENESIS64 SCADA example, it is considered a solution based on the hardware and software platform RT -XDC of RASTER TECHNOLOGY digital cameras, allowing to integrate into the system of this class any set of complex sensors such as digital cameras that support standard interfaces, built -in processing and data analysis. In addition, it is proposed the hierarchical model of complex objects monitoring and the universal way of its representation on the Moscow metro station network example, which includes four levels: the model map level, the model level, the model objects level and the level of their attributes. The considered data structure, which have to operate in solving the common monitoring task, make a choice in favor of object -oriented databases application like IPR, used in Delta Design CAD. The results were obtained during the development of experimental software that allows visualizing 3D models and displaying information about the selected object in the form of any predetermined structures.
IDEA OF ARCHITECTURE OF A MULTIPROCESSOR COMPUTER M-10 AND THEIR IMPLEMENTATION IN MODERN COMPUTING PLATFORMS (IN SMALL FORMS)
Authors: Glivenko E. V. , Sorokin S. А. , Petrovа G. N. 
Published: June 2019

The article is devoted to the design of high‑performance computing devices for parallel processing of information. The problem of increasing the productivity of computing facilities by one or several orders of magnitude is considered on the example of the high‑ performance electronic computer M‑10, which was created in the 1970s at the NIIVK. If in a conventional computer, the method of processing numbers is given by commands, then in M‑10, the methods for processing a function were specified by operators taken from functional analysis. At the same time, the possibility of parallel processing of an entire information line appeared. Such systems began to be called «functional operator type machines». The main ideas presented in the article may be of interest to developers of specialized machines of the new generation, as well as engineers involved in the creation of high‑performance computing devices using technologies of computing platforms.
TECHNOLOGY OF CREATION OF RADIO TRANSPARENT ARMOR PROTECTION OF RADIO ENGINEERING EQUIPMENT OF VARIOUS PURPOSES FROM FIRE DESTROYING IMPACT
Authors: Kucherov Yu. S. , Nesterov A. G. , Didenko A. V. 
Published: June 2019

The  paper  considers  the  relevance  of  the  work  on  the  creation  of  radio‑transparent  armor  protection  of  radio  engineering  equipment. A typical design of multi‑layer ceramic armor is considered, the mechanism of interaction of external fire impact and armor protection is disclosed. The complexity of fulfilling the conflicting requirements for ensuring high resistance to fire impact, provided that the necessary radio characteristics are preserved and the mass and size parameters are minimized, is noted. Special engineering solutions have been proposed for meeting the indicated requirements, in particular, the use of compensatory grids in the structure of the material of radio‑transparent armor. A comparison of some ceramic materials and armor steel, using them as the basis of radio transparent armor, is given. The choice of a computing platform with a heterogeneous architecture, which allows the simultaneous use of modules with different architectures in different configurations, during the synthesis of radio‑ transparent armored materials, is substantiated.
Cinema documental e realidade social
Authors: Jorge Luiz Eduardo 
Published: June 2019

Este texto aborda o lugar do cinema na pesquisa social, tendo como referência as primeiras matrizes da história do cinema documental que consideraram e defenderam a especificidade desse gênero cinematográfico. A partir dessas matrizes e do conceito de representação nelas contido, o texto apresenta o argumento que deu origem ao curta metragem “Césio 137 – O Brilho da Morte”. Como pressuposto teórico foi considerado a relação dialética entre sujeito e objeto, sendo esta entendida como critério necessário para a interpretação da realidade social.
A arte de dizer e a arte de crer: estudo antropológico de narrativa oral e sistemas de crença da Ilha Grande dos Marinheiros - Porto Alegre
Authors: Devos Rafael Victorino 
Published: June 2019

Esse depoimento, na verdade, uma fala bem ensaiada e repetida muitas vezes, é um texto que Ricardo, um menino de 18 anos (na época) compôs para introduzir o tema de um documentário etnográfico1, produzido a partir de uma oficina de vídeo para adolescentes de classe popular, moradores da Ilha Grande dos Marinheiros, em Porto Alegre. Fruto de um ano de trabalho, essa oficina de vídeo, e a produção desse documentário são a forma como iniciei minha etnografia (como professor da oficina) entre os moradores da ilha. Hoje, já não sou o “professor”, nem pesquiso em conjunto com a equipe que realizou o vídeo (moradores da ilha e colegas de pesquisa em antropologia visual). Meu tema de pesquisa se desenvolve junto a velhos moradores da ilha, entre uma memória das transformações espaciais da ilha e o acompanhamento de suas práticas cotidianas. Parte dessa memória, e desse cotidiano, essas histórias “de arrepiar” continuam sendo recorrentes nas conversas do campo, e há mesmo um prazer (não só do pesquisador, mas dos narradores) em dar um lugar destacado a essas histórias nas conversas. A partir de algumas reflexões surgidas com a disciplina de “Religião e Sociedade”, da qual participei no Programa de Pós-Gradução em Antropologia Social da UFRGS, muitas das práticas e sistemas de crenças de meus informantes começaram a ter maior relevo no contexto da pesquisa. Proponho aqui uma reflexão primeira em torno do conteúdo das histórias, de alguns temas recorrentes, com os sistemas de crença aos quais se encontram relacionadas as pessoas que narram essas histórias. Catolicismo popular, espiritismo kardecista, pentecostalismo se encontram então com as assombrações, com os lobisomens, com as bruxas, e outros. Num segundo momento, proponho uma reflexão em torno da crença enquanto prática, relacionada com a trajetória religiosa dessas pessoas (e seus “usos da fé”), de encontro a prática da narrativa oral, da tessitura da narrativa, do próprio fazer que envolve não só a prática das formas modernas de crer, mas também da arte de narrar. Minha intenção, devido ao fato do presente estudo ser fruto de uma etnografia ainda em andamento, não é tanto formular grandes conclusões, mas buscar novas possibilidades de reflexão, a partir do pensamento antropológico sobre o tema da religião, junto a estudos de performance e narrativa.
A narrativa e a captura do movimento da vida vivida
Authors: Eckert Cornelia 
Published: June 2019

Aproximar a tradição de pesquisa em torno da cultura oral, inaugurada por estudiosos do folclore popular, dos estudos clássicos sobre narrativa no âmbito das sociedades complexas moderno-contemporâneas é um desafio, pois ela pode gerar constrangimentos epistemológicos e metodológicos para ambos os campos de conhecimento em termos das possíveis tensões paradigmáticas que podem vir a ser pontuada, como por exemplo, a irredutibilidade das diferentes tradições de pensamento, oral e escrito, que orientam a conformação de tais estudos. Ao provocar o confronto dessas tradições na formação do pensamento antropológico nos nossos estudos sobre memórias coletivas e itinerários urbanos em Porto Alegre e outras cidades do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, temos a intenção, mesmo que modesta, de contribuir para a compreensão das próprias fronteiras do conhecimento antropológico naquilo que o constitui, ou seja, o “lugar” atópico no interior do qual se inscreve o próprio trabalho de campo do antropólogo em sua intenção de compreender as formas de viver e de pensar de indivíduos e/ou grupos nas modernas sociedades complexas urbano-industriais. Posto isso, lembremo-nos dos atos de leitura e de escrita, silenciosos e individuais, que a nossa própria tradição letrada exige para a formalização conceitual e teórica dos saberes e dos fazeres antropológicos acadêmicos. Ambos são convites para se pensar a figura do antropólogo como um certo tipo de narrador e, precisamente por essa razão, herdeiro de uma certa comunidade lingüística, ela própria uma comunidade de vida.
Oficina de fotografia pinhole: entre imagens e etnografia da fala
Authors: Biazus Paula 
Published: June 2019

A análise apresentada neste trabalho, a partir de uma bibliografia sobre performance, encontra-se situada mais especificamente em uma etnografia da fala. Trata-se de uma situação específica, uma oficina fotográfica, experiência construída socialmente, o objeto do presente trabalho. Pretendo analisar a fotografia como força narrativa e como exercício de conceituação em uma construção de conhecimento sobre o mundo. A ação de descobrir essa capacidade interpretativa surge na interação dos participantes com a técnica, através de suas próprias imagens e as significações atribuídas a partir de seus atos de fala. Para essa análise, apresento alguns aspectos da minha etnografia na realização de uma oficina de fotografia pinhole (buraco de alfinete), técnica que trabalha com a construção de câmeras artesanais a partir de latas metálicas ou outros recipientes que possam ser isolados da entrada de luz. Pretendo utilizar o material etnográfico recolhido, nos meses de novembro e dezembro de 2004, durante uma oficina ministrada pelo grupo Lata Mágica nas dependências do Hospital Psiquiátrico São Pedro para uma turma de 17 alunos com idades, trajetórias e estilos de vida diferenciados. Essa atividade integra um projeto de maior escala, financiado através de concurso pelo Fumproarte/SMC/PMPA, onde mais três oficinas serão realizadas em diferentes bairros de Porto Alegre e finalizará com o lançamento de um catálogo e exposição contendo fotografias dos alunos. O grupo de fotógrafos Lata Mágica, do qual eu faço parte, desenvolve trabalhos envolvendo, constantemente, o ensino da presente técnica e a minha inserção no grupo é fundamental para salientar o lugar de onde parto para uma análise etnográfica, utilizando as experiências e vivências com os alunos para coleta de dados de pesquisa, construindo metodologicamente uma observação participante em que me encontro a todo o momento dividindo a prática do processo fotográfico.