bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical controls on the propagation rate of fracture in calcite
Authors: Ilgen A. G. , Mook W. M. , Tigges A. B. , Choens R. C. , Artyushkova K. , Jungjohann K. L. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCalcite (CaCO3) is one of the most abundant minerals in the Earth’s crust, and it is susceptible to subcritical chemically-driven fracturing. Understanding chemical processes at individual fracture tips, and how they control the development of fractures and fracture networks in the subsurface, is critical for carbon and nuclear waste storage, resource extraction, and predicting earthquakes. Chemical processes controlling subcritical fracture in calcite are poorly understood. We demonstrate a novel approach to quantify the coupled chemical-mechanical effects on subcritical fracture. The calcite surface was indented using a Vickers-geometry indenter tip, which resulted in repeatable micron-scale fractures propagating from the indent. Individual indented samples were submerged in an array of aqueous fluids and an optical microscope was used to track the fracture growth in situ. The fracture propagation rate varied from 1.6 × 10−8 m s−1 to 2.4 × 10−10 m s−1. The rate depended on the type of aqueous ligand present, and did not correlate with the measured dissolution rate of calcite or trends in zeta-potential. We postulate that chemical complexation at the fracture tip in calcite controls the growth of subcritical fracture. Previous studies indirectly pointed to the zeta-potential being the most critical factor, while our work indicates that variation in the zeta-potential has a secondary effect.
US10 Protein Is Crucial but not Indispensable for Duck Enteritis Virus Infection in Vitro
Authors: Ma Yunchao , Zeng Qiurui , Wang Mingshu , Cheng Anchun , Jia Renyong , Yang Qiao , Wu Ying , Zhao Xin-Xin , Liu Mafeng , Zhu Dekang , Chen Shun , Zhang Shaqiu , Liu Yunya , Yu Yanling , Zhang Ling , Chen Xiaoyue 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTo investigate the function of the duck enteritis virus (DEV) tegument protein US10, we generated US10 deletion and revertant mutants (ΔUS10 and US10FRT) via two-step RED recombination based on an infectious BAC clone of DEV CHv-BAC-G (BAC-G). In multistep growth kinetic analyses, ΔUS10 showed an approximately 100-fold reduction in viral titer, while the genome copies decreased only 4-fold compared to those of BAC-G. In one-step growth kinetic analyses, there were no significant differences in genome copies among BAC-G, ΔUS10 and US10FRT, but ΔUS10 still showed a 5- to 20-fold reduction in viral titer, and the replication defect of ΔUS10 was partially reversed by infection of US10-expressing cells. The transcription levels of Mx, OASL, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 in ΔUS10-infected duck embryo fibroblasts (DEFs) were significantly upregulated, while TLR3 was downregulated compared with those in BAC-G-infected DEFs. Taken together, these data indicated that US10 is vital for DEV replication and is associated with transcription of some immunity genes.
Integrative Bone Metabolomics—Lipidomics Strategy for Pathological Mechanism of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Mouse Model
Authors: Zhao Hongxia , Li Xiaoqun , Zhang Dianying , Chen Haiyan , Chao Yufan , Wu Kaiwen , Dong Xin , Su Jiacan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOsteoporosis, characterized by bone mass reduction and increased fractures, has become a global health problem that seriously affects the health of people, especially postmenopausal women; however, the current pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) has not been thoroughly elucidated to date. In this study, bilateral ovariectomy was performed to establish an OVX mouse model of osteoporosis. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS-based lipidomics in combination with metabolomics were used to analyze the femur tissue of osteoporosis mice. We found that 11 polar metabolites and 93 lipid metabolites were significantly changed and were involved in amino acid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism and lipid metabolism. Among the lipids, fatty acyls, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids and sterols showed robust changes. These results revealed that several metabolic disorders caused by changes in the hormone levels in OVX, especially disordered lipid metabolism, are closely related to the imbalance between bone resorption and formation and may underlie the development of PMOP. The data generated via lipidomics and metabolomics presented in this study shows good applicability and wide coverage in the construction of the metabolic profile of bone tissue. Therefore, this approach may provide the pathway focusing and data support at the metabolite level for the in-depth mechanism of PMOP.
Brain volumetric alterations accompanied with loss of striatal medium-sized spiny neurons and cortical parvalbumin expressing interneurons in Brd1+/− mice
Authors: Qvist Per , Eskildsen Simon F. , Hansen Brian , Baragji Mohammad , Ringgaard Steffen , Roovers Jolien , Paternoster Veerle , Molgaard Simon , Corydon Thomas Juhl , Stødkilde-Jørgensen Hans , Glerup Simon , Mors Ole , Wegener Gregers , Nyengaard Jens R. , Børglum Anders D. , Christensen Jane H. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSchizophrenia is a common and severe mental disorder arising from complex gene-environment interactions affecting brain development and functioning. While a consensus on the neuroanatomical correlates of schizophrenia is emerging, much of its fundamental pathobiology remains unknown. In this study, we explore brain morphometry in mice with genetic susceptibility and phenotypic relevance to schizophrenia (Brd1+/− mice) using postmortem 3D MR imaging coupled with histology, immunostaining and regional mRNA marker analysis. In agreement with recent large-scale schizophrenia neuroimaging studies, Brd1+/− mice displayed subcortical abnormalities, including volumetric reductions of amygdala and striatum. Interestingly, we demonstrate that structural alteration in striatum correlates with a general loss of striatal neurons, differentially impacting subpopulations of medium-sized spiny neurons and thus potentially striatal output. Akin to parvalbumin interneuron dysfunction in patients, a decline in parvalbumin expression was noted in the developing cortex of Brd1+/− mice, mainly driven by neuronal loss within or near cortical layer V, which is rich in corticostriatal projection neurons. Collectively, our study highlights the translational value of the Brd1+/− mouse as a pre-clinical tool for schizophrenia research and provides novel insight into its developmental, structural, and cellular pathology.
Camouflaged Nanosilver with Excitation Wavelength Dependent High Quantum Yield for Targeted Theranostic
Authors: Girigoswami Agnishwar , Yassine Wafic , Sharmiladevi Palani , Haribabu Viswanathan , Girigoswami Koyeli 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe present study shows the thorough investigations on optical properties and hydrodynamic diameters of glutathione (GSH) stabilized nanosilver clusters (AgNC) at different stages of synthesis and engineering for the optimized absolute quantum yield to generate fluorescent images of Dalton Lymphoma Ascites (DLA) tumour bearing mice. The initial increment of quantum yield was wavelength dependent and finally it became 0.509 which was due to the camouflaging or entrapment of AgNC in macrophages membranes. The potentiality of macrophages membrane camouflaged silver nanoclusters (AgM) was reflected in the cell viability assay and confocal based live dead cell assay where the AgM has better cell killing effect compared to AgNC with reduced dosage and in vivo mice imaging generated the clear visualization at the tumour sites. Therefore, from the present study, it can be considered that the camouflaged nanosilver can be used for targeted theranostic applications.
Altered Populations of Unconventional T Cell Lineages in Patients with Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
Authors: Mitchell Jenée , Kvedaraite Egle , von Bahr Greenwood Tatiana , Henter Jan-Inge , Pellicci Daniel G. , Berzins Stuart P. , Kannourakis George 
Published: November 2018

AbstractLangerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) lesions are defined by the presence of CD1a+/CD207+ myeloid cells, but many other immune cells are present including unconventional T cells, which have powerful immunoregulatory functions. Unconventional T cell lineages include mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, type I natural killer T (NKT) cells and gamma-delta (γδ) T cells, which are associated with many inflammatory conditions, although their importance has not been studied in LCH. We characterized their phenotype and function in blood and lesions from patients with LCH, and identified a deficiency in MAIT cell frequency and abnormalities in the subset distributions of γδ T cells and NKT cells. Such abnormalities are associated with immune dysregulation in other disease settings and are therefore potentially important in LCH. Our study is the first to recognize alterations to MAIT cell proportions in patients with LCH. This finding along with other abnormalities identified amongst unconventional T cells could potentially influence the onset and progression of LCH, thereby highlighting potential targets for new immune based therapies.
Multiple Human-Behaviour Indicators for Predicting Lung Cancer Mortality with Support Vector Machine
Authors: Ni Du , Xiao Zhi , Zhong Bo , Feng Xiaodong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractLung cancer is still one of the most common causes of death around the world, while there is overwhelming evidence that the environment and lifestyle factors are predominant causes of most sporadic cancers. However, when applying human-behaviour indicators to the prediction of cancer mortality (CM), we are often caught in a dilemma with inadequate sample size. Thus, this study extracted 30 human-behaviour indicators of seven categories (air pollution, tobacco smoking & alcohol consumption, socioeconomic status, food structure, working culture, medical level, and demographic structure) from Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Database and World Health Organization Mortality Database for 13 countries (1998–2013), and employed Support Vector Machine (SVM) to examine the weights of 30 indicators across the 13 countries and the power for predicting lung CM for the years between 2014–2016. The weights of different human-behaviour indicators indicate that every country has its own lung cancer killers, that is, the human-behaviour indicators are country specific; Moreover, SVM has an excellent power in predicting their lung CM. The average accuracy in prediction offered by SVM can be as high as 96.08% for the 13 countries tested between 2014 and 2016.
Wideband horn antenna based on multi‐substrate layer technology
Authors: Yao Xianxun , Sun Guolin 
Published: November 2018

A metal horn antenna fed by a co‐planner waveguide with ground (CPWG) is designed and fabricated. To integrate and connect other active elements of the system, the CPWG is designed by multi‐substrate PCB technology. A transition in the PCB layer concatenating the CPWG and the microstrip line has provided a continuous structure to lead the electric field from RF circuit into the horn. A ridge waveguide is used to widen the bandwidth. The simulated and measured results show that the proposed antenna has a broad impedance bandwidth of 33.1% (from 20.5 to 28.6 GHz) for |S11|<–10 dB and the radiation patterns also satisfy the requirements over the bandwidth.
Differentially fed impedance‐transforming directional coupler
Authors: Janisz K. , Piekarz I. , Staszek K. , Wincza K. , Gruszczynski S. 
Published: November 2018

In this Letter, a differentially fed impedance‐transforming directional coupler is considered. The utilisation of recently introduced unequal‐width differentially fed coupled conductors allows for setting independently terminating impedances for each of coupled lines as well as for coupling control in a chosen dielectric stack‐up. The theoretical analysis is confirmed by experimental verification, in which an impedance transforming 70–50 Ω 3 dB single‐section directional coupler has been designed and measured.
Vorher reden hilft
Authors: Kaider Manuel 
Published: November 2018

ZusammenfassungUm Menschen vor einer Operation optimal auf den Eingriff vorzubereiten, hat sich
seit vielen Jahren in den USA das präoperative Anästhesiepflegegespräch bewährt.
Es kann vorhandene Ängste, perioperative Komplikationen und postoperative
Schmerzen bei den Patienten mindern – und leistet gleichzeitig einen wertvollen
Beitrag zur Qualitätssteigerung der Pflege.
Ein besonderer Fall
Authors: Ott Markus 
Published: November 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Melioidose ist eine bakterielle Infektion, die Organe und Gewebe des gesamten
Körpers befallen kann. Auch wenn sie in unseren Breiten eher selten vorkommt,
sollte sie bei entsprechenden Anzeichen als mögliche Ursache in Betracht gezogen
werden. Als Beispiel für den Verlauf und die Behandlung dient der Fall eines
Mannes aus Queensland, Australien, mit neurologischer Manifestation einer
Melioidose.
Contained Herniated Lumbar Disc: CT- and Fluoroscopy-Guided Automated Percutaneous Discectomy—A Revival
Authors: Gallo Giacomo , Nicolas Stacoffe , Federico Torre , Theumann Nicolas , Guinebert Sylvain , Thouvenin Yann , Cornelis François , Hauger Olivier , Amoretti Nicolas 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe combination of a new device and dual guidance (computed tomography [CT] and fluoroscopy) is similar to other percutaneous devices in achieving a mechanical decompression of the disc. The difference, however, is that the target of the decompression with the current technique is the herniated disc itself. The goal of this combined technique is to create a space, an “olive” around the probe, allowing a decrease in pressure inside the hernia. Percutaneous discectomy under combined CT and fluoroscopic guidance is a minimally invasive spine surgery that should be considered as an alternative to surgery in properly selected patients.
Retrosigmoid Intradural Suprameatal Approach for Petroclival Meningioma
Authors: Ishi Yukitomo , Terasaka Shunsuke , Motegi Hiroaki 
Published: November 2018

Background Anterior transpetrosal approach and the combined transpetrosal approach are the major surgical approaches for petroclival meningiomas. However, anterior petrosectomy is not preferable in cases with postoperative venous drainage disorder of the sylvian vein due to anatomical variations. Here we present a case of the successful removal of petroclival meningioma by the retrosigmoid intradural suprameatal approach (RISA).
Case Presentation The patient was a 59-year-old woman with incidentally detected right petroclival meningioma. Although she had no neurological deficit, the tumor manifested with gradual growth on annual magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during an 8-year follow-up. Three-dimensional computed tomography venography (3D–CTV) revealed sphenobasal type of the sylvian vein throughout the lateral side of the foramen ovale. Because the suprameatal tubercle was an obstacle to observe the Meckel's cave, RISA was selected for complete tumor excision. RISA could provide an excellent operative field around the Meckel's cave to confirm the remnant tumor. Postoperative MRI showed no evidence of the tumor, and the patient was discharged without any neurological deficit.
Conclusion RISA can provide a favorable operative field for petroclival meningioma, particularly for cases with high risk of postoperative complications related to the sylvian vein.The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/cfci_zk0StU.
Conceptos Biomecánicos de las Suturas Tendinosas
Authors: Alonso Pérez-Barquero Jaime , Fernández Sabaté Elena , Sánchez-Alepuz Eduardo 
Published: November 2018

ResumenEl objetivo de una sutura tendinosa es que sea lo suficientemente resistente para permitir una movilidad activa precoz. Para ello, los cirujanos deben comprender las características biomecánicas de las suturas tendinosas. El objetivo de este artículo es recoger los aspectos fundamentales de los estudios biomecánicos, así como los principales factores que influyen en la resistencia de una sutura, tanto en tenorrafias primarias como en el caso de injertos y transferencias. Estudios in vitro o in vivo, con tracción lineal o curvilínea, cíclicos o de tracción única, son algunos de los factores que hemos de tener en cuenta a la hora de analizar un estudio sobre suturas tendinosas, así como conocer los principales parámetros físicos que analizan. Así mismo el material, el diámetro, la configuración, el número de hebras, el tipo de agarre al tendón, la tensión de la sutura, el tipo de nudo y la configuración de la sutura epitendinosa son los principales factores que influyen en la resistencia de las suturas primaria. En el caso de los injertos y transferencias, el número de entrelazaos y el tipo de puntos utilizados, son los principales aspectos que influyen en la sutura tipo Pulvertaft y sus alternativas.
Timing of Postoperative CSF Leak after Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Zimmermann Terence M. , Marcellino Chris R. , Choby Garret W. , Gompel Jamie J. Van , O'Brien Erin K. , Abel Katie M. Van , Janus Jeffrey R. , Link Michael J. , Frank Ryan D. , Stokken Janalee K. 
Published: November 2018

Background There is little data regarding postoperative outcomes of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) undergoing skull base surgery. The purpose of this study is to determine an association between risk factors and proximity of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak to surgery in patients with OSA undergoing endoscopic skull base surgery.
Methods A retrospective review of neurosurgical inpatients, with and without OSA, at a tertiary care institution from 2002 to 2015 that experienced a postoperative CSF leak after undergoing endoscopic skull base surgery.
Results Forty patients met inclusion criteria, 12 (30%) with OSA. OSA patients had significantly higher body mass index (BMI; median 39.4 vs. 31.7, p < 0.01) and were more likely to have diabetes (41.7 vs. 10.7%, p = 0.04) than non-OSA patients; otherwise there were no significant differences in clinical comorbidities. No patients restarted positive pressure ventilation (PPV) in the inpatient setting. The type of repair was not a significant predictor of the time from surgery to leak. Patients with OSA experienced postoperative CSF leak 49% sooner than non-OSA patients (Hazard Ratio 1.49, median 2 vs. 6 days, log-rank p = 0.20).
Conclusion Patients with OSA trended toward leaking earlier than those without OSA, and no OSA patients repaired with a nasoseptal flap (NSF) had a leak after postoperative day 5. Due to a small sample size this trend did not reach significance. Future studies will help to determine the appropriate timing for restarting PPV in this high risk population. This is important given PPV's significant benefit to the patient's overall health and its ability to lower intracranial pressure.
Situating Valency Theory in functional-cognitive space
Authors: Gonzálvez-García Francisco , Butler Christopher S. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis article builds on the work reported inButler and Gonzálvez-García (2014), in which 16 functional and/or cognitive/constructionist theories were compared on the basis of questionnaires completed by experts and a reading of the literature on each approach. The aim is to extend this work to cover Valency Theory (VT henceforth), arguably the most widely used approach to the study of German syntax. We first report on a statistical analysis (correlation, multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis) of the data from the questionnaires completed by two VT experts, in relation to those completed by experts in other approaches. We then present an analysis of each item in the questionnaire in relation to VT, leading to a positive or negative evaluation for each questionnaire item. The results are again analysed statistically. The picture that emerges is of a theory which, though distinctive, has clear relationships with a broad group of cognitively-oriented approaches.
Viscosities of diethylene glycol (DEG) + 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) + water
Authors: Gurylev V , Soriano A N , Caparanga A R , Li M-H , Adornado A P 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
In this study, the viscosities (η) of the aqueous mixed-solvent system of diethylene glycol (DEG) and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) were investigated at normal atmospheric pressure over the range of temperature of 303.15 - 343.15 K and across varying component mole fractions range [0.02 to 0.60 for DEG (x1
), 0.02 to 0.60 for AMP (x2
), and 0.20 to 0.80 for H2O (x3
)]. The calculated properties were fitted to a modified equation originally proposed by Grunberg and Nissan for the viscosity of liquid mixtures to correlate temperature and composition dependency of the measured property. In comparison to literature values, the uncertainty of the kinematic viscosities was approximated to be + 1.0 %, and that the correlations used satisfactorily represent the effects of temperature and composition on the viscosities of the considered mixed-solvent system as shown by the low overall average absolute deviations obtained in the calculations. The properties obtained and reported in this work are, in general, of adequate correctness for most engineering-design calculations, such as the design of absorption process for carbon dioxide capture using mixed-solvents as absorbents.
Reoperation Rate After Primary Augmentation With Smooth, Textured, High Fill, Cohesive, Round Breast Implants (RANBI-I Study)
Authors: Khanna Julie , Mosher Mathew , Whidden Paul , Nguyen Sébastien , Garzon Diego , Bhogal Meetu 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
Reoperation after primary breast augmentation remains an important clinical issue.

Objective
The authors sought to evaluate incidence and causes of reoperation in patients who underwent primary augmentation.

Methods
This retrospective, noninterventional study conducted at 16 Canadian sites reviewed medical records and patient-completed questionnaires of women who underwent primary breast augmentation with smooth or textured Natrelle Inspira implants containing TruForm 1 or TruForm 2 gel. Patients were aged ≥22 years, received implants via inframammary fold incision, and returned for follow-up at 2 to 4 years.

Results
A total of 319 women received Inspira implants (smooth TruForm 2, n = 205; textured TruForm 2, n = 99; smooth or textured TruForm 1, n = 15). At follow-up, 30 women (9.4%) had undergone reoperation, including 19 (9.3%) in the smooth TruForm 2 subgroup and 9 (9.1%) in the textured TruForm 2 subgroup. The mean time to reoperation was 1.2 years; the risk rate for reoperation was 9.9% at 3 years. The most common reasons for reoperation were implant malposition (36.7%), capsular contracture (33.3%), and the patient’s request for a change in implant size or style (20.0%). Most women were very or somewhat satisfied with the initial surgery (89.3% overall; 90.7% smooth TruForm 2; 86.9% textured TruForm 2). Thirty-four women (10.7%) reported adverse events, including 20 (9.8%) in the smooth TruForm 2 subgroup and 14 (14.1%) in the textured TruForm 2 subgroup.

Conclusions
This analysis suggests that Natrelle Inspira TruForm 2 implants are safe when used in primary breast augmentation, resulting in low reoperation rates that are consistent with those for other breast implants.

Level of Evidence: 4