bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural basis for recognition of RALF peptides by LRX proteins during pollen tube growth
Authors: Moussu Steven , Broyart Caroline , Santos-Fernandez Gorka , Augustin Sebastian , Wehrle Sarah , Grossniklaus Ueli , Santiago Julia 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPlant reproduction relies on the highly regulated growth of the pollen tube for proper sperm delivery. This process is controlled by secreted RALF signaling peptides, which have been previously shown to be perceived by CrRLK1Ls membrane receptor-kinases and leucine-rich (LRR) extensin proteins (LRXs). Here we demonstrate that RALF peptides are active as folded, disulfide bond-stabilized proteins, which can bind to the LRR domain of LRX proteins with nanomolar affinity. Crystal structures of the LRX-RALF signaling complexes reveal LRX proteins as constitutive dimers. The N-terminal LRR domain containing the RALF binding site is tightly linked to the extensin domain via a cysteine-rich tail. Our biochemical and structural work reveals a complex signaling network by which RALF ligands may instruct different signaling proteins – here CrRLK1Ls and LRXs – through structurally different binding modes to orchestrate cell wall remodeling in rapidly growing pollen tubes.SignificancePlant reproduction relies on proper pollen tube growth to reach the female tissue and release the sperm cells. This process is highly regulated by a family of secreted signaling peptides that are recognized by cell-wall monitoring proteins to enable plant fertilization. Here, we report the crystal structure of the LRX-RALF cell-wall complex and we demonstrate that RALF peptides are active as folded proteins. RALFs are autocrine signaling proteins able to instruct LRX cell-wall modules and CrRKL1L receptors, through structurally different binding modes to coordinate pollen tube integrity.
Between preservation and change: performing arts heritage development in South Korea
Authors: Creutzenberg Jan 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
As intangible cultural heritage, traditional performing arts depend on transmission by individuals and collectives. The purpose of this paper is to explore how traditional performers practice their arts in South Korea. The analysis focuses on the transformations of performance conventions and contexts, as well as on new genres that developed in response to heritage legislation and social change during the last 200 years.

Design/methodology/approach
Drawing on a wide array of existing ethnographic research, the paper compares processes of transmission and transformation of three different genres: the solo singing-storytelling genre pansori, the ensemble percussion-dance genre pungmul and the various regional forms of mask dance drama subsumed under the label talnori. The paper argues that the artists, who perform these genres, while not unaffected by the expectations of their audiences, have the power to transcend traditional boundaries.

Findings
Due to early professionalization in the nineteenth century, pansori performers could adapt to the changing contexts of market-oriented modernity and survive until governmental intervention in 1962. Pre-modern pungmul and talnori was performed primarily by and for rural communities, resulting in an interruption of transmission when these contexts disappeared and partial re-invention in the wake of official preservation legislation.

Originality/value
The need for repeated performance in historically varying contexts makes the analysis of performing arts particular fruitful for understanding how practitioners of tradition (have to) adapt to change. A historical-comparative perspective provides concise insights into the dynamics of development that informs tradition today. The inclusion of offspring genres (changgeuk, madang-geuk, samulnori) furthermore shows the potential of heritage development beyond the official system of preservation.
The effect of rounding radius in bump foil structure on the static performance of foil journal bearings
Authors: Hu Hongyang , Feng Ming 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of the rounding in bump foil on the static performance of air foil journal bearings.

Design/methodology/approach
During the study, the bending moment of the new foil structure with rounding is proposed, and the bump foil stiffness is obtained from the elastic deformation energy theory. The validity of the presented foil model is verified through comparison with previous models. The static characteristics of foil bearings such as film thickness and attitude angle are obtained using a fully coupled elastic-gas algorithm and are compared to models with various rounding radius and friction coefficients.

Findings
There is an optimal rounding radius that makes the stiffness of bump foil maximum. As the static load increases, the minimum film thickness is proportional to the rounding radius but the attitude angle is inversely proportional. The effect of rounding with a large friction coefficient becomes negligible.

Originality/value
The rounding brings fundamental difference in the structural stiffness and static performance of foil bearings. The results are expected to be helpful to bearing designers, researchers and academicians concerned.
Incorporating the environmental dimension into the balanced scorecard
Authors: Khalid Salim , Beattie Claire , Sands John , Hampson Veronica 
Published: July 2019

PurposeThis study aims to explore the ways that the balanced scorecard (BSC) can be adapted to incorporate environmental performance in a health care context.Design/methodology/approachThis research adopts a qualitative approach that uses an in-depth case study including semi-structured interviews and document review. Interviews are conducted with individuals working within a regional public hospital and health service organisation in Australia. The research is informed by stakeholder theory.FindingsThe participants identified a number of approaches to incorporating environmental dimensions within the BSC: fully integrated, partially integrated, a separate additional perspective and differentiation based on the origin of the environmental activities and events. These findings confirm the contingent nature of the selected model and reinforce the importance of organisational vision and environmental strategy as formative factors.Research limitations/implicationsThis research provides a starting point for future research to refine the proposed models and evaluate their viability and relevance in other contexts.Practical implicationsThis study provides motivations for managers to engage with the BSC as an effective performance measurement system, which can be developed and adapted to incorporate important environmental elements of organisational performance.Social implicationsThis study reveals the importance of difference between endogenous and exogenous environmental activities. As concerns around the environmental consequences of organisational activities continue to grow, opportunities for institutions to reassure stakeholders of their sustainable practices are increasingly critical.Originality/valueThis study presents preliminary evidence on the suitability of various models for integrating environmental dimensions within the BSC. The findings provide a valuable contribution to literature on performance measurement systems in the healthcare sector.
Supporting ex-service personnel moving to social care work with older people: a systematic rapid review of the role of education
Authors: Manthorpe Jill , Bramley Stephanie 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to review evidence about the role of education in supporting ex-service personnel to move to social care work with older people. Social care has long-standing, well-recognised problems of staff recruitment and retention in many jurisdictions. Within ageing societies, the need for more social care staff is predicted to rise. Therefore, policy makers and employers are exploring if there are untapped sources of potential employees. Some ex-service personnel may be interested in exploring a move to social care work with older people but may need to gain additional qualifications.

Design/methodology/approach
Databases and grey literature were searched systematically to provide an overview of the evidence on this topic. Six articles were included in the review.

Findings
A narrative analysis revealed two themes: preparing ex-service personnel for enrolment onto health and social care programmes, and supporting ex-service personnel during health and social care programmes.

Research limitations/implications
This review was confined to English language studies published between 2008 and 2018. Few mentioned specific user or client groups.

Originality/value
This review identified evidence gaps relating to whether the skills, education, training and experience gained in the armed services are transferable to civilian social care work with older people; the types of support which are offered to ex-service personnel who are interested in completing qualifications necessary for social care roles and the views of ex-service personnel about their experiences of completing educational courses to facilitate a transition into social care work with older people.
The economic recession and civic participation: the curious case of Rotterdam's civil society, 2008–2013
Authors: Custers Gijs , Engbersen Godfried , Snel Erik 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis paper investigates how the 2008–9 recession affected civic participation in disadvantaged and affluent neighbourhoods in the city of Rotterdam. We hypothesize that levels of civic participation may either diverge or converge across neighbourhoods with a different socioeconomic status. We build upon a recent wave of studies examining how civil society has been affected by the 2008–9 recession. Using five waves from the Rotterdam Neighbourhood Profile survey (N = 63,134; 71 neighbourhoods), we find converging trends in civic participation. Between 2008 and 2013, civic participation declined in affluent neighbourhoods but increased slightly in disadvantaged neighbourhoods. This convergence is partly due to the level of perceived problems in the neighbourhood and differences in the types of volunteering found in disadvantaged and affluent neighbourhoods. In addition, we argue that these converging trends can be better understood by considering the neighbourhood organizational infrastructure and local policy configurations. Next to examining the impact of the 2008–9 recession on civic participation, we contribute to research on civil society by comparing the UK and Dutch context.
Do chorionic villus samplings (CVS) or amniocenteses (AC) induce RhD immunisation? An evaluation of a large Danish cohort with no routine administration of anti‐D after invasive prenatal testing
Authors: Kristensen SS , Nørgaard LN , Tabor A , Sundberg K , Dziegiel MH , Hedegaard M , Ekelund CK 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate the risk of inducing RhD immunisation in pregnancies of RhD‐negative mothers with an RhD‐positive fetus undergoing chorionic villus samplings (CVS) or amniocenteses (AC).Design, setting and populationRegistry‐based study in a Danish cohort which has not been given rhesus prophylaxis.MethodsData were retrieved from the Department of Clinical Immunology at Rigshospitalet. All RhD‐negative women carrying an RhD‐positive fetus with screen test results from weeks 8–12 and weeks 25–29 were linked to data from the Danish Fetal Medicine Database. Data were divided into cases where no invasive prenatal diagnostic procedure was performed, cases that had AC performed, and cases that had CVS performed.Main outcome measuresA comparison of the proportion of women who developed RhD immunisation between the two screen tests.ResultsThe cohort consisted of 10 085 women: 9353 had no invasive procedures performed, 189 had AC and 543 had CVS performed. No women were immunised spontaneously or due to the procedure between the first and second screen test in the group with no procedure performed, or in the AC group. One woman was immunised in the CVS group. When comparing the proportion of women who was immunised in the CVS group with the no invasive test group a non‐significant difference was found (P = 0.055).ConclusionThe RhD immunisation rate before gestational weeks 25–29 in RhD‐negative women carrying an RhD‐positive fetus is very low, even in women undergoing prenatal invasive testing without rhesus prophylaxis.Tweetable abstractThe RhD immunisation rate during pregnancy is very low even in women undergoing prenatal invasive testing.
Effect of couple‐based cognitive behavioural intervention on prevention of postnatal depression: multisite randomised controlled trial
Authors: Ngai F‐W , Wong PW‐C , Chung K‐F , Chau P‐H , Hui P‐W 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveTo compare a couple‐based cognitive behavioural intervention (CBI) for postnatal depression with CBI delivered to women alone and control (standard perinatal care).DesignMultisite randomised controlled trial.SettingAntenatal clinics at three regional public hospitals in Hong Kong.Sample388 low‐risk childbearing couples.MethodsChildbearing couples were randomly allocated to couple‐based CBI (n = 134), women‐alone CBI (n = 124) or control (n = 130). The CBI consists of a 3‐hour antenatal group session and two 30‐minute postnatal telephone follow‐up sessions.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome was depressive symptoms, measured on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Assessments were collected at baseline (during pregnancy), 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months postpartum.ResultsDepressive symptoms were significantly more improved at 6 weeks postpartum for mothers in couple‐based CBI than in women‐alone CBI (difference 1.46, 95% CI 0.11–2.81) or control groups (difference 1.71, 95% CI 0.29–3.13). The proportion of mothers with postnatal depression (EPDS score ≥ 10) was significantly lower at 6 weeks postpartum in couple‐based CBI than in control (difference 17.8%, 95% CI 3.6–32.0). However, the treatment effect was not maintained at 6 and 12 months. There was no significant intervention effect among fathers.ConclusionsCouple‐based CBI is more effective than CBI delivered to mothers alone and standard perinatal care in reducing the incidence of postnatal depression among Chinese mothers in the early postpartum period.Tweetable abstractCouple‐based cognitive behavioural intervention is effective in reducing postnatal depression among Chinese mothers in the early postpartum period.
Thermal stress modifies the marine sponge virome
Authors: Laffy Patrick W. , Botté Emmanuelle S. , Wood‐Charlson Elisha M. , Weynberg Karen D. , Rattei Thomas , Webster Nicole S. 
Published: July 2019

SummaryMarine sponges can form stable partnerships with a wide diversity of microbes and viruses, and this high intraspecies symbiont specificity makes them ideal models for exploring how host‐associated viromes respond to changing environmental conditions. Here we exposed the abundant Great Barrier Reef sponge Rhopaloiedes odorabile to elevated seawater temperature for 48 h and utilised a metaviromic approach to assess the response of the associated viral community. An increase in endogenous retro‐transcribing viruses within the Caulimorviridae and Retroviridae families was detected within the first 12 h of exposure to 32 °C, and a 30‐fold increase in retro‐transcribing viruses was evident after 48 h at 32 °C. Thermally stressed sponges also exhibited a complete loss of ssDNA viruses which were prevalent in field samples and sponges from the control temperature treatment. Despite these viromic changes, functional analysis failed to detect any loss or gain of auxiliary metabolic genes, indicating that viral communities are not providing a direct competitive advantage to their host under thermal stress. In contrast, endogenous sponge retro‐transcribing viruses appear to be replicating under thermal stress, and consistent with retroviral infections in other organisms, may be contributing to the previously described rapid decline in host health evident at elevated temperature.
Competition for alfalfa nodulation under metal stress by the metal‐tolerant strain Ochrobactrum cytisi Azn6.2
Authors: Navarro‐Torre Salvadora , Rodríguez‐Llorente Ignacio D. , Doukkali Bouchra , Caviedes Miguel A. , Pajuelo Eloísa 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLegume plants, in association with rhizobia, are gaining increasing interest for heavy metal rhizoremediation. This symbiotic interaction combines the advantages of rhizoremediation and soil nitrogen enrichment. In metal polluted soils, Ochrobactrum cytisi can elicit non‐fixing nodules on legumes, including Medicago sativa. Nodulation kinetics was much slower when M. sativa plants were inoculated with O. cytisi Azn6.2 compared with the natural symbiont Ensifer meliloti 1021 and nodules were ineffective in nitrogen fixation. A competition experiment was performed using alfalfa grown on heavy metals, and co‐inoculated with equal amounts of the metal‐sensitive E. meliloti 1021 and the metal‐resistant O. cytisi Azn6.2. When plants were inoculated in non‐polluted substrates, all nodules were formed by E. meliloti 1021. Nevertheless, under increasing metal concentrations, the number of nodules occupied by O. cytisi grew. At the highest metal concentration, all nodules were elicited by O. cytisi, suggesting that the resistant species can take the place of the natural symbiont. This fact has important ecological and environmental implications when proposing legume–rhizobia symbioses for rhizoremediation and highlights the need of selecting highly resistant rhizobia in order to be competitive in polluted soils.
Pantoprazole in ICU patients at risk for gastrointestinal bleeding—1‐year mortality in the SUP‐ICU trial
Authors: Marker Søren , Krag Mette , Perner Anders , Wetterslev Jørn , Lange Theis , Wise Matt P. , Borthwick Mark , Bendel Stepani , Keus Frederik , Guttormsen Anne Berit , Schefold Joerg C. , Rasmussen Bodil S. , Elkmann Thomas , Bestle Morten , Arenkiel Bjørn , Laake Jon H. , Kamper Maj K. , Lång Maarit , Pawlowicz‐Dworzanska Malgorzata B. , Karlsson Sari , Liisanantti Janne , Dey Nilanjan , Knudsen Heidi , Granholm Anders , Møller Morten Hylander ,   the SUP-ICU trial investigators
Published: July 2019

BackgroundThe long‐term effects of stress ulcer prophylaxis with pantoprazole are unknown in ICU patients. We report 1‐year mortality outcome in the Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis in the Intensive Care Unit (SUP‐ICU) trial.MethodsIn the SUP‐ICU trial, acutely admitted adult ICU patients at risk of gastrointestinal bleeding were randomised to intravenous pantoprazole 40 mg vs placebo (saline) once daily during their ICU stay. We assessed mortality at 1 year and did sensitivity analyses according to the trial protocol and statistical analysis plan.ResultsA total of 3261 of the 3291 patients with available data (99.1%) were followed up at 1 year after randomisation; 1635 were allocated to pantoprazole and 1626 to placebo. At 1 year after randomisation, 610 of 1635 patients (37.3%) had died in the pantoprazole group as compared with 601 of 1626 (37.0%) in the placebo group (relative risk, 1.01; 95% confidence interval 0.92‐1.10). The results were consistent in the sensitivity analysis adjusted for baseline risk factors and in those of the per‐protocol population. We did not observe heterogeneity in the effect of pantoprazole vs placebo on 1‐year mortality in the predefined subgroups, that is, patients with and without shock, mechanical ventilation, liver disease, coagulopathy, high disease severity (SAPS II > 53) or in medical vs surgical ICU patients.ConclusionWe did not observe a difference in 1‐year mortality among acutely admitted adult ICU patients with risk factors for gastrointestinal bleeding allocated to stress ulcer prophylaxis with pantoprazole or placebo during the ICU stay. (The SUP‐ICU trial was funded by Innovation Fund Denmark and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02467621).
Combination of perineural and wound infusion after above knee amputation: A randomized, controlled multicenter study
Authors: von Plato Hanna , Peltoniemi Marko , Kauhanen Petteri , Löyttyniemi Eliisa , Hamunen Katri , Kontinen Vesa ,   The FinAPain‐1 study group
Published: July 2019

BackgroundPost‐operative pain after an above‐knee amputation is often severe, and in the elderly patients the adverse effects of post‐operative opioids are evident. We hypothesized that continuous perineural local anesthetic infusion (CPI) combined to a wound infusion will reduce acute pain and opioid consumption compared to placebo after above knee amputation.MethodsNinety‐three patients going through an above knee amputation were recruited for this randomized, controlled trial. Two catheters were placed, one to the sciatic nerve sheath and one under the fasciae during the amputation. After two 10 mL boluses of ropivacaine 0.75% a post‐operative infusion of ropivacaine 0.2% or placebo (NaCl 0.9%) at 2 mL/h was administered for 72 hours to both catheters. The primary outcome was average stump pain during the first 5 days.ResultsThe mean intensity of stump pain during the first five post‐operative days was 1.4 (0.8) in the CPI group and 1.9 (0.9) in the placebo group on VRS, mean (SD), P = .006. The opioid consumption on first five post‐operative days did not differ between the groups.ConclusionA combination of continuous perineural and wound local anesthetic infusion seems to diminish the intensity of stump pain after above knee amputation.
N‐Acetylcysteine treatment during acute stress prevents stress‐induced augmentation of addictive drug use and relapse
Authors: Garcia‐Keller Constanza , Smiley Cora , Monforton Cara , Melton Samantha , Kalivas Peter W. , Gass Justin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractConverging epidemiological studies show that a life‐threatening event increases the incidence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which carries 30% to 50% comorbidity with substance use disorders (SUDs). Such comorbidity results in greater drug use and poorer treatment outcomes. There is overlap between the enduring synaptic neuroadaptations produced in nucleus accumbens core (NAcore) by acute restraint stress and cocaine self‐administration. Because of these coincident neuroadaptations, we hypothesized that an odor paired with acute restraint stress would reinstate drug seeking and chose two mechanistically distinct drugs of abuse to test this hypothesis: alcohol and cocaine. Rats were trained to self‐administer either drug beginning 3 weeks after odor pairing with acute stress or sham, and acute restraint stress increased alcohol consumption. Following context extinction training, the stress‐paired odor reinstated both alcohol and cocaine seeking, while an unpaired odor had no effect. N‐Acetylcysteine (NAC) restores drug and stress‐induced reductions in glial glutamate transporter‐1 and has proven effective at reducing cue‐induced reinstatement of drug seeking. We administered NAC for 5 days prior to reinstatement testing and abolished the capacity of the stress‐paired odor to increase alcohol and cocaine seeking. Importantly, daily NAC given during or just following experiencing acute restraint stress also prevented the capacity of stress‐paired odors to reinstate alcohol and cocaine seeking and prevented stress‐induced deficits in behavioral flexibility. These data support using daily NAC treatment during or immediately after experiencing a strong acute stress to prevent subsequent conditioned stress responding, in particular relapse and cognitive deficits induced by stress‐conditioned stimuli.