bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Family and nonfamily support in relation to burnout and work engagement among Italian teachers
Authors: Fiorilli Caterina , Schneider Barry , Buonomo Ilaria , Romano Luciano 
Published: February 2019

AbstractItaly had traditionally been considered a family‐oriented culture where support from relatives is primary. The major purpose of this study was to clarify the benefits of social support inside and outside the family for schoolteachers in Italy, focusing on the teacher burnout and work engagement. Findings indicated that the family was by far the most significant source of support. School colleagues who felt close to each other resembled each other in terms of burnout and work engagement. Difficult interactions with colleagues were associated with burnout more extensively at later stages of the teaching career; supervisor support was linked with burnout at an early stage.
The effects of deeper learning opportunities on student achievement: Examining differential pathways
Authors: Ottmar Erin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study investigates relations between cognitive, interpersonal, and intrapersonal opportunities, noncognitive outcomes, and student achievement in 1,096 students from 20 high schools (10 Deeper Learning [DL] network, 10 control) who participated in the Study of DL (SDL). DL is an umbrella term used to encompass the cognitive, interpersonal, and intrapersonal skills and knowledge that students need to be successful in school and the workforce. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test a theoretical model that hypothesizes plausible pathways between DL opportunities to interpersonal, intrapersonal, and cognitive outcomes. Further, a multigroup structural equation modeling examined differences in these relations between DL and matched nonnetwork schools. Cognitive and intrapersonal opportunities were related to both interpersonal and intrapersonal outcomes. Further, cognitive opportunities were indirectly related to student achievement through interpersonal outcomes. Similar patterns of relations were found in DL and control schools. This study helps to build a stronger understanding of how types of DL opportunities and strategies can best develop the complex skills that students need to be successful in school and can also be used to inform future intervention designs and research studies.
Enhancing student access to science curricula through a reading intervention
Authors: Saqui Sonja , Mercer Sterett H. , Cheng Michèle P. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe current study explored whether a reading intervention combining flexibly applied multisyllabic word‐decoding strategies with evidence‐based fluency strategies was effective in improving the science text reading skills of upper‐elementary struggling readers. Four students, three in fourth and one in fifth grade, participated in the study. A delayed multiple baseline design was utilized, with a staggered 3‐week baseline followed by 8 weeks of reading intervention. Three students demonstrated small to moderate gains in reading fluency on science instructional passages, but no generalized gains in reading fluency on standardized passages. All students demonstrated direct gains in multisyllabic word‐decoding accuracy on science instructional passages, but no generalized gains in decoding accuracy on standardized passages. Participating students rated the intervention favorably and perceived gains in their reading skills. These findings support the use of science curricular passages when implementing reading interventions to enhance students’ ability to access the curriculum.
Structural characterization of the third scavenger receptor cysteine‐rich domain of murine neurotrypsin
Authors: Canciani Anselmo , Catucci Gianluca , Forneris Federico 
Published: February 2019

AbstractNeurotrypsin (NT) is a multi‐domain serine protease of the nervous system with only one known substrate: the large proteoglycan Agrin. NT has seen to be involved in the maintenance/turnover of neuromuscular junctions and in processes of synaptic plasticity in the central nervous system. Roles which have been tied to its enzymatic activity, localized in the C‐terminal serine‐protease (SP) domain. However the purpose of NT's remaining 3–4 scavenger receptor cysteine‐rich (SRCR) domains is still unclear. We have determined the crystal structure of the third SRCR domain of murine NT (mmNT‐SRCR3), immediately preceding the SP domain and performed a comparative structural analysis using homologous SRCR structures. Our data and the elevated degree of structural conservation with homologous domains highlight possible functional roles for NT SRCRs. Computational and experimental analyses suggest the identification of a putative binding region for Ca2+ ions, known to regulate NT enzymatic activity. Furthermore, sequence and structure comparisons allow to single out regions of interest that, in future studies, might be implicated in Agrin recognition/binding or in interactions with as of yet undiscovered NT partners.
Combining stock‐and‐flow, agent‐based, and social network methods to model team performance
Authors: Anderson Edward G. , Lewis Kyle , Ozer Gorkem Turgut 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAcross disciplines, there has been an increasing interest in combining different simulation methods. Team science provides a particularly challenging context because of the interplay across levels of analysis. For example, team performance is decisively influenced by accumulated individual attributes, the interactions among individuals and emergent team structures—each of which is affected by multiple feedback loops at different levels of analysis. To address these challenges, we compare the modeling methods of stock‐and‐flow models, agent‐based models and social network analysis to argue for the advantages of a hybrid approach to formal mathematical modeling in a team science context. We develop a proof‐of‐concept model, which combines aspects of all three methods, to investigate the effects of expertise, the patterns of members’ interactions and diversity‐based subgroups on team performance. Novel, important insights into team science theory result from this investigation, including, among others, the dynamic tradeoff between diversity and homogeneity on teams’ performance and the importance of the communication network structure in affecting that tradeoff.© 2019 System Dynamics Society
Experimental study on seismic performance of L‐shaped partly precast reinforced concrete shear wall with cast‐in‐situ boundary elements
Authors: Lu Zheng , Wang Yan , Li Jianbao , Fan Qiaoqiao 
Published: February 2019

SummaryIn order to promote industrial production of reinforced concrete shear wall, a typical partly precast reinforced concrete shear wall with both end boundary elements cast‐in‐situ and the other part precast is experimentally studied. In this paper, three L‐shaped specimens of this kind and one completely cast‐in‐situ specimen as a control group are tested under low‐frequency cyclic loading to investigate their safety, applicability, and different characteristics. For the partly precast specimen, the vertical distributed reinforcements of precast part are equivalently spliced by grouting sleeves arranged along the center line of the wall whereas the horizontal reinforcements are directly anchored into the cast‐in‐situ boundary elements. During the test, the axial compression ratio of these specimens is fixed at 0.2, 0.3, and 0.5, respectively. Such test phenomena and test data including failure modes, yielding load and displacement, the skeleton curve, energy dissipation, stiffness degradation, ductility, and so on are observed, analyzed, and compared. Chinese code and American Concrete Institute code are adopted to estimate the bearing capacity. Results show that the partly precast specimens have good integrity. With the increase of axial compression ratio, the bearing capacity of these partly precast specimens increases whereas the ductility decreases. It is also found that the partly precast specimens have slightly lower bearing capacity compared with the cast‐in‐situ specimen as well as excellent deformation capacity and ductility, which indicates the tested partly precast shear wall has good and reliable seismic performance and can be used as a structural element in building construction.
Nomenclatural synopsis of the Old World's “manna” lichens (Aspicilia,Megasporaceae)
Authors: Sohrabi Mohammad , Ahti Teuvo 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn a synopsis of the nomenclature of the Eurasian and African species of the so–called vagrant manna lichens twelve species are recognized. The group is included in the genusAspicilia. Most of the accepted and synonymous names are typified. Special attention was paid to the numerous infraspecific entities published by the Russian lichenologists A.A. Elenkin and K.S. Mereschkowsky. The new combinationAspicilia fruticulosofoliacea(Elenkin) Sohrabi is proposed.
Why are there so many plant species in the Neotropics?
Authors: Antonelli Alexandre , Sanmartín Isabel 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe Neotropical region (tropical America) is the most species rich region on Earth. Several causes have been proposed to explain this extraordinary biodiversity, which may be very roughly classified into two major categories: 'biotic' (e.g.soil adaptations; biotic interactions with pollinators, dispersers and herbivores; niche conservatism; dispersal ability) and 'abiotic' (e.g.time; rainfall, temperature and area; mountain uplift; hydrological changes). In this paper we review the evidence for each of these postulated causes of diversification and provide general directions towards further testing. We highlight the need of more well‐sampled and dated phylogenies and urge increased inter‐disciplinary collaboration.
Endocarps of Prunus (Rosaceae: Prunoideae) from the early Eocene of Wutu, Shandong Province, China
Authors: Li Ya , Smith Thierry , Liu Chang-Jiang , Awasthi Nilamber , Yang Jian , Wang Yu-Fei , Li Cheng-Sen 
Published: February 2019

AbstractEndocarps of the genus Prunus (family Rosaceae) have been described from early Eocene clay deposits in the Wutu Coal Mine, Shandong Province, China. Endocarps are elliptical or ovoid in lateral view, with a long canal that approaches the apex of the endocarp and contains the ventral vascular bundle. Comparisons with related living and fossil species of Prunus indicate that these endocarps should be assigned to Prunus wutuensis sp. nov. The endocarps from Wutu represent the earliest record of Prunus in Asia. Based on the distribution of fossil Prunus endocarps, the palaeobiogeographic history of the genus is shown on palaeogeographic maps of the Northern Hemisphere. The fossil data suggest that the genus first appeared in the early Eocene of North America and Asia, and then extended to Europe in the middle Eocene.
Phylogeny and biogeography ofLonchocarpussensu lato and its allies in the tribe Millettieae (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae)
Authors: da Silva Marcos José , de Queiroz Luciano Paganucci , Tozzi Ana Maria Goulart de Azevedo , Lewis Gwilym Peter , de Sousa Anete Pereira 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe phylogenetic relationships betweenLonchocarpuss.l. and allies were studied using Bayesian and parsimony independent and combined analyses of nuclear ribosomal DNA (5.8S and flanking internal transcribed spacers ITS1 and 2) and chloroplast DNA (trnL-trnF, matK) sequences. Topologies resulting from ITS and combined datasets were congruent, while thematKanalysis resulted in poorly resolved hypotheses probably because of its low substitution rate. Our results support the monophyly ofApurimacia, Deguelia, Philenoptera, Piscidia, andTephrosiaand the polyphyly ofMillettia. Lonchocarpus, as traditionally circumscribed, is paraphyletic, and subgenera and sections within it are also paraphyletic or polyphyletic with the exception of sect.Willardiawhich is monophyletic. InLonchocarpuss.l., three large subclades can be recognized, here referred to as the Muellera, the Dahlstedtia, and the Lonchocarpus s.str. subclades. We propose recogition of these as three recircumscribed genera (Muellera, Dahlstedtia, Lonchocarpus) supported by morphological traits and major distribution ranges. Thegenera BergeroniaandMargaritolobiumare synonymized withMuellera. Nineteen new combinations inMuelleraand ten inDahlstedtiaare proposed, and five lectotypes are presented. Analysis of the molecular data reveals that (1)Lonchocarpuss.str. originated about 8.7 ± 0.05 Ma ago in Central America, in contrast toDahlstedtiaandMuellerathat both arose in South America, 6.3 ± 0.05 Ma and 8.0 ± 0.09 Ma ago, respectively; (2) at least three migration events ofLonchocarpushave occurred from Central to South America, and one to Africa, the latter best explained by long distance dispersal across the Atlantic Ocean.
Pollen morphology and phylogeny of the tribe Tabernaemontaneae (Apocynaceae, subfamily Rauvolfioideae)
Authors: van der Weide Jasmijn C. , van der Ham Raymond W.J.M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBoth the tribe Tabernaemontaneae and the genusTabernaemontanahave been much discussed concerning delimitation and classification. In the present paper, the pollen morphology of Tabernaemontaneae s.l. is studied with light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and compared with the results of a phylogenetic analysis of molecular data. No pollen morphological synapomorphy was found supporting the monophyly of the tribe Tabernaemontaneae s.l. The monophyly of Tabernaemontaneae s.str. is supported by the occurrence of distinctly lalongate endoapertures that might be fused to form an endocingulum. Although the endocingulum does occur in some Old World species, it is interpreted as a synapomorphy of the New World species, which make up a monophyletic group according to molecular data. The inclusion of the genusStemmadeniain the New World clade withinTabernaemontanais fully supported by pollen morphology. The Old WorldTabernaemontanaclade is supported by the occurrence of densely perforate pollen with long colpi.
Phylogeny of the tribe Phlomideae (Lamioideae: Lamiaceae) with special focus on Eremostachys and Phlomoides: New insights from nuclear and chloroplast sequences
Authors: Salmaki Yasaman , Zarre Shahin , Ryding Olof , Lindqvist Charlotte , Scheunert Agnes , Bräuchler Christian , Heubl Günther 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe tribe Phlomideae (Lamiaceae: Lamioideae) is divided into the three genera Phlomis, Phlomoides (incl. Pseud- eremostachys, Lamiophlomis and Notochaete), and Eremostachys (incl. Paraeremostachys), contains about 278 species and has a distribution range extending from Europe to Mongolia, China, and India. Here, we present a phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear ribosomal (ITS) and cpDNA (partial trnK, rpl32-trnL, and trnT-A) sequence data of 56 accessions representing all genera and major subgeneric taxa of Phlomideae. Taxon sampling covered the genera Phlomoides and Eremostachys more intensively than previous phylogenetic investigations of the tribe. Parsimony and Bayesian analyses of each marker, as well as the combined plastid datasets, produced nearly congruent trees. Monophyly of Phlomis s.str. is confirmed here, although only few representatives of this genus were included. In all obtained trees a core group of Phlomoides and Eremostachys is strongly supported. In accordance with morphological evidence, molecular data confirm the inclusion of Eremostachys, Notochaete, and Paraeremostachys in Phlomoides. In conclusion, the number of recognized genera in Phlomideae is reduced to two: Phlomis and Phlomoides. The necessary new combinations are proposed.
Model uncertainty in ancestral area reconstruction: A parsimonious solution?
Authors: Pirie Michael D. , Humphreys Aelys M. , Antonelli Alexandre , Galley Chloé , Linder H. Peter 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIncreasingly complex likelihood–based methods are being developed to infer biogeographic history. The results of these methods are highly dependent on the underlying model which should be appropriate for the scenario under investigation. Our example concerns the dispersal among the southern continents of the grass subfamily Danthonioideae (Poaceae). We infer ancestral areas and dispersals using likelihood–based Bayesian methods and show the results to be indecisive (reversible–jump Markov chain Monte Carlo; RJ–MCMC) or contradictory (continuous–time Markov chain with Bayesian stochastic search variable selection; BSSVS) compared to those obtained under Fitch parsimony (FP), in which the number of dispersals is minimised. The RJ–MCMC and BSSVS results differed because of the differing (and not equally appropriate) treatments of model uncertainty under these methods. Such uncertainty may be unavoidable when attempting to infer a complex likelihood model with limited data, but we show with simulated data that it is not necessarily a meaningful reflection of the credibility of a result. At higher overall rates of dispersal FP does become increasingly inaccurate. However, at and below the rate observed in Danthonioideae multiple dispersals along branches are not observed and the correct root state can be inferred reliably. Under these conditions parsimony is a more appropriate model.
Phylogenetic analyses of ITS and rbcL DNA sequences for sixteen genera of Australian and New Zealand Brassicaceae result in the expansion of the tribe Microlepidieae
Authors: Heenan Peter B. , Goeke Dagmar F. , Houliston Gary J. , Lysak Martin A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSequence data from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) nrDNA and rbcL cpDNA regions were used to determine relationships of genera of Brassicaceae from Australia and New Zealand (NZ) that were previously unassigned to a tribe. Maximum likelihood analysis of 71 ITS sequences identified a monophyletic clade of Australian genera, including Carinavalva and Microlepidium that had previously been assigned to the tribe Microlepidieae. Pachycladon is not supported as monophyletic, comprising a clade of the NZ species and another clade of the Tasmanian P. radicatum. These two Pachycladon clades form a polytomy with the Australian clade. Maximum likelihood analysis of the rbcL region generally supports the ITS analysis with the Australian genera forming a monophyletic clade with Pachycladon. Arabidella is polyphyletic in the rbcL phylogeny as A. eremigena is member of the Australian clade but A. trisecta is placed in a sister clade that comprises mainly genera of tribe Camelineae. As a result of these phylogenetic analyses the tribe Microlepidieae is expanded and now includes 16 genera and 56 species endemic to Australia and New Zealand. Genera included in the Microlepidieae are Arabidella, Ballantinia, Blennodia, Carinavalva, Cuphonotus, Drabastrum, Geococcus, Harmsiodoxa, Irenepharsus, Menkea,Microlepidium, Pachycladon, Pachymitus,Phlegmatospermum, Scambopus and Stenopetalum. Whole­genome duplication has previously been shown to have occurred in the ancestry of Arabidella, Ballantinia, Pachycladon and Stenopetalum and is likely to be a defining feature of the tribe Microlepidieae. Future research needs to investigate circumscription of the Australian genera as there is a predominance of closely related monotypic genera in the Microlepidieae. With resolution of the tribal placement of these Australian and New Zealand genera, ca. 94% (302) of the 321 genera in the family have been assigned to a tribe.
The Future of Botanical Monography: Report from an international workshop, 12–16 March 2012, Smolenice, Slovak Republic
Authors: Marhold Karol , Stuessy Tod , Agababian Mariam , Agosti Donat , Alford Mac H. , Crespo Ana , Crisci Jorge V. , Dorr Laurence J. , Ferencová Zuzana , Frodin David , Geltman Dmitry V. , Kilian Norbert , Linder H. Peter , Lohmann Lucia G. , Oberprieler Christoph , Penev Lyubomir , Smith Gideon F. , Thomas Wayt , Tulig Melissa , Turland Nicholas , Zhang Xian-Chun 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMonographs are fundamental for progress in systematic botany. They are the vehicles for circumscribing and naming taxa, determining distributions and ecology, assessing relationships for formal classification, and interpreting long–term and short–term dimensions of the evolutionary process. Despite their importance, fewer monographs are now being prepared by the newer generation of systematic botanists, who are understandably involved principally with DNA data and analysis, especially for answering phylogenetic, biogeographic, and population genetic questions. As monographs provide hypotheses regarding species boundaries and plant relationships, new insights in many plant groups are urgently needed. Increasing pressures on biodiversity, especially in tropical and developing regions of the world, emphasize this point. The results from a workshop (with 21 participants) reaffirm the central role that monographs play in systematic botany. But, rather than advocating abbreviated models for monographic products, we recommend a full presentation of relevant information. Electronic publication offers numerous means of illustration of taxa, habitats, characters, and statistical and phylogenetic analyses, which previously would have been prohibitively costly. Open Access and semantically enhanced linked electronic publications provide instant access to content from anywhere in the world, and at the same time link this content to all underlying data and digital resources used in the work. Resources in support of monography, especially databases and widely and easily accessible digital literature and specimens, are now more powerful than ever before, but interfacing and interoperability of databases are much needed. Priorities for new resources to be developed include an index of type collections and an online global chromosome database. Funding for sabbaticals for monographers to work uninterrupted on major projects is strongly encouraged. We recommend that doctoral students be assigned smaller genera, or natural portions of larger ones (subgenera, sections, etc.), to gain the necessary expertise for producing a monograph, including training in a broad array of data collection (e.g., morphology, anatomy, palynology, cytogenetics, DNA techniques, ecology, biogeography), data analysis (e.g., statistics, phylogenetics, models), and nomenclature. Training programs, supported by institutes, associations, and agencies, provide means for passing on procedures and perspectives of challenging botanical monography to the next generation of young systematists.