bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Mind of the Censor: Girolamo Rossi, a Physician and Censor for the Congregation of the Index
Authors: Marcus Hannah 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Girolamo Rossi (1539-1607) was a historian, physician, and prolific censor for the Catholic Church. This article examines Rossi’s manuscripts in Ravenna and the Vatican to explore how a physician contributed to the expurgation efforts of the Congregation of the Index in the years following the publication of the Clementine Index (1596). I argue that participating in these censorship efforts trained physicians and other lay experts to read like censors, repurposing the humanist tools of reading, excerpting, and note taking to accomplish the censorship goals of the Counter-Reformation Church.
Barrier Layer Development Local to Tropical Cyclones based on Argo Float Observations
Authors: Steffen John , Bourassa Mark 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe objective of this study is to quantify barrier layer development due to tropical cyclone (TC) passage using Argo float observations of temperature and salinity. To accomplish this objective, a climatology of Argo float measurements is developed from 2001 to 2014 for the Atlantic, eastern Pacific, and central Pacific basins. Each Argo float sample consists of a prestorm and poststorm temperature and salinity profile pair. In addition, a no-TC Argo pair dataset is derived for comparison to account for natural ocean state variability and instrument sensitivity. The Atlantic basin shows a statistically significant increase in barrier layer thickness (BLT) and barrier layer potential energy (BLPE) that is largely attributable to an increase of 2.6 m in the post-TC isothermal layer depth (ITLD). The eastern Pacific basin shows no significant changes to any barrier layer characteristic, likely due to a shallow and highly stratified pycnocline. However, the near-surface layer freshens in the upper 30 m after TC passage, which increases static stability. Finally, the central Pacific has a statistically significant freshening in the upper 20–30 m that increases upper-ocean stratification by ~35%. The mechanisms responsible for increases in BLPE vary between the Atlantic and both Pacific basins; the Atlantic is sensitive to ITLD deepening, while the Pacific basins show near-surface freshening to be more important in barrier layer development. In addition, Argo data subsets are used to investigate the physical relationships between the barrier layer and TC intensity, TC translation speed, radial distance from TC center, and time after TC passage.
Horizontal Dispersion of Buoyant Materials in the Ocean Surface Boundary Layer
Authors: Liang Jun-Hong , Wan Xiaoliang , Rose Kenneth A. , Sullivan Peter P. , McWilliams James C. 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTThe horizontal dispersion of materials with a constant rising speed under the exclusive influence of ocean surface boundary layer (OSBL) flows is investigated using both three-dimensional turbulence-resolving Lagrangian particle trajectories and the classical theory of dispersion in bounded shear currents generalized for buoyant materials. Dispersion in the OSBL is caused by the vertical shear of mean horizontal currents and by the turbulent velocity fluctuations. It reaches a diffusive regime when the equilibrium vertical material distribution is established. Diffusivity from the classical shear dispersion theory agrees reasonably well with that diagnosed using three-dimensional particle trajectories. For weakly buoyant materials that can be mixed into the boundary layer, shear dispersion dominates turbulent dispersion. For strongly buoyant materials that stay at the ocean surface, shear dispersion is negligible compared to turbulent dispersion. The effective horizontal diffusivity due to shear dispersion is controlled by multiple factors, including wind speed, wave conditions, vertical diffusivity, mixed layer depth, latitude, and buoyant rising speed. With all other meteorological and hydrographic conditions being equal, the effective horizontal diffusivity is larger in wind-driven Ekman flows than in wave-driven Ekman–Stokes flows for weakly buoyant materials and is smaller in Ekman flows than in Ekman–Stokes flows for strongly buoyant materials. The effective horizontal diffusivity is further reduced when enhanced mixing by breaking waves is included. Dispersion by OSBL flows is weaker than that by submesoscale currents at a scale larger than 100 m. The analytic framework will improve subgrid-scale modeling in realistic particle trajectory models using currents from operational ocean models.
Edoxaban in atrial fibrillation patients with established coronary artery disease: Insights from ENGAGE AF–TIMI 48
Authors: Zelniker Thomas A , Ruff Christian T , Wiviott Stephen D , Blanc Jean-Jacques , Cappato Riccardo , Nordio Francesco , Mercuri Michele F , Lanz Hans , Antman Elliott M , Braunwald Eugene , Giugliano Robert P 
Published: July 2018

Background: The relative efficacy and safety profile of the oral Factor Xa inhibitor edoxaban compared with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation and established coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been analyzed. Materials and methods: In the ENGAGE AF–TIMI 48 trial, two edoxaban regimens were compared with warfarin in 21,105 patients with atrial fibrillation and CHADS2 ⩾2. We analyzed the primary trial endpoints (efficacy: stroke or systemic embolic event, safety: International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis major bleeding) in patients with versus without CAD, and used interaction testing to assess for treatment effect modification. Results: The 4510 patients (21.4%) with known CAD were older, more likely male, on aspirin, with lower creatinine clearance and higher CHADS2 and HAS-BLED scores ( p <0.001 for each). Treatment with the higher-dose edoxaban regimen (versus warfarin) in patients with known CAD tended to have a greater reduction in stroke/systemic embolic event compared with patients without CAD (CAD: hazard ratio 0.65 (0.46–0.92) versus no CAD: hazard ratio 0.94 (0.79–1.12), p-INT 0.062) and also in myocardial infarction (CAD: hazard ratio 0.69 (0.49–0.98) versus no CAD: hazard ratio 1.24 (0.89–1.72), p-INT 0.017), while there was a similar reduction in bleeding irrespective of CAD status (hazard ratio 0.81 and 0.80, p-INT 0.97). Presence or absence of CAD did not modify the efficacy or safety profile of the lower-dose edoxaban regimen (versus warfarin). Conclusion: The reduction in ischemic events with the higher-dose edoxaban regimen versus warfarin was greater in patients with CAD, while bleeding was significantly reduced with edoxaban regardless of CAD status. The efficacy and safety profile of the lower-dose edoxaban regimen relative to warfarin was unaffected by CAD status.
Professional Care for Unwanted Same-Sex Attraction: What Does the Research Say?
Authors: Sutton Philip M. 
Published: July 2018

In recent years, national and international medical and mental-health associations typically have emphasized the potential harmfulness of professional care for unwanted same-sex attraction (SSA or homosexuality) and behavior. State legislatures in the US and legislative bodies in other countries either have passed or are considering passing laws which would penalize professionals who provide professional care for unwanted SSA—to minors and/or adults—including the loss of the license to practice. This paper was written as a response to the present situation in the UK. The paper reviews the universal ethics of all medical and mental-health professionals to avoid harm and do good (non-maleficence/non-malfeasance and beneficence); discusses the documented potential for harm when using every mental-health treatment for every presenting problem; clarifies steps taken by the Alliance for Therapeutic Choice and Scientific Integrity (Alliance), its clinical and research divisions, the National Association for Research and Therapy of Homosexuality Institute (NARTH Institute) and its international division, the International Federation for Therapeutic Choice (IFTC), to promote ethical professional care for unwanted SSA; clarifies the injustice and presumed ideological biases of the medical and mental-health associations’ warning about the potential for harm for psychotherapy only for unwanted SSA and not all psychotherapy approaches; and documents that the research purporting to show this harmfulness, in the research authors own words, does not do so. Recommendations to promote scientific integrity in the conduct and reporting of relevant research are offered. Lay Summary: There has been a lot of controversy about the potential harmfulness of professional care for unwanted same-sex attraction and behavior (SSA or homosexuality). This paper reviews the ethics of all medical and mental health professionals to avoid harm and do good; discusses the known potential for harm when using any mental health treatment for any problem; clarifies steps taken to promote ethical professional care for unwanted SSA; notes the injustice and possible biases of those who warn about the potential for harm of psychotherapy for unwanted SSA; and documents that the research said to show this harmfulness, in the research authors′ own words, does not do so.
Clinical Utility of Rapid EGFR Genotyping in Advanced Lung Cancer
Authors: Dagogo-Jack Ibiayi , Azzolli Christopher G. , Fintelmann Florian , Mino-Kenudson Mari , Farago Anna F. , Gainor Justin F. , Jiang Ginger , Piotrowska Zofia , Heist Rebecca S. , Lennes Inga T. , Temel Jennifer S. , Mooradian Meghan J. , Lin Jessica J. , Digumarthy Subba R. , Batten Julie M. , Robinson Hayley , Nose Vania , Rivera Miguel , Nardi Valentina , Dias-Santagata Dora , Le Long P. , Sequist Lecia V. , Pitman Martha , Shepard Jo-Anne O. , Shaw Alice T. , Iafrate A. John , Lennerz Jochen K. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose Targeted therapy is the cornerstone of treatment of advanced EGFR-mutant non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Next-generation sequencing (NGS), the preferred method for genotyping, typically requires several weeks. Here, we assessed workflows designed to rapidly identify patients with actionable EGFR mutations and reduce time to initiation (TTI) of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)–directed therapy. Patients and Methods We performed rapid testing for EGFR L858R mutations and exon 19 deletions on paraffin-embedded or frozen section biopsy specimens from newly diagnosed patients with metastatic NSCLC by using an EGFR-specific assay (rapid test). To determine clinical utility, we assessed concordance with NGS results, turnaround time, and TTI of EGFR therapy, and we evaluated reimbursement data. Results Between January 2015 and September 2017, we performed 243 rapid EGFR tests and identified EGFR mutations in 43 patients (18%). With NGS results as a reference, sensitivity and specificity of the rapid EGFR polymerase chain reaction assay were 98% and 100%, respectively. The median turnaround time for NGS was 14 days, compared with 7 days for rapid testing ( P < .001). In the rapid group, 95% of patients received an EGFR inhibitor in the first-line setting. The median TTI of EGFR therapy was significantly shorter in the rapid cohort when compared with 121 historical cases (22 v 37 days; P = .01). Escalation of the initiative into an interdisciplinary ultra-rapid next-day frozen-section workflow for highly symptomatic patients (n = 8) resulted in a reduction in the median (± standard deviation) turnaround time to 1 ± 0.4 days and allowed several patients to initiate therapy within 1 week of biopsy. An extended 9-month clinical evaluation phase confirmed operational sustainability (turnaround times: ultra-rapid, 0.81 ± 0.4 days; rapid, 3 ± 1.5 days), and a 63% reimbursement rate indicated financial sustainability. Conclusion Rapid genotyping facilitates earlier initiation of EGFR-directed therapies without compromising NGS workflows.
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Endofit Pelarut Fosfat dan Penghasil Hidrogen Cyanide (HCN) dari Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L).
Authors: Wandita Ryan Hilda , Pujiyanto Sri , Suprihadi Agung , Hastuti Ratih Dewi 
Published: July 2018

Onions (Allium cepa L.) is one of the leading horticultural commodities in Indonesia and is often used as seasoning and traditional medicine. Onion has a high economic value and fluctuating prices so that domestic onion production needs to be improved, one of them with a presence of endophytic bacteria that act as plant growth promoting agent or Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB). Endophytic bacteria isolated from the root, leaves, and bulbs. In this research has been tested endophytic bacteria of onion plants from Garut regency which has PGPB factors such as able to dissolve phosphate, and produce HCN. The results obtained 251 isolates of endophytic bacteria. Based on the characterization results, the superior isolates capable of dissolving phosphate with an average diameter of 0.45 cm is isolate II.B.1D.3, and 11 isolates capable of producing high HCN. These isolates can be used as PGPB agents so that they can be useful in increasing plant growth and onion production and biocontrol in suppressing pathogens. Keywords: PGPB, endophyte, onion, phosphate, HCN
Failure Analysis of the Corroded Water Wall Tube in a 50MW Thermal Power Plant
Authors: Yang Guohua , Gou Yuanbo , Liu Xinshi , Zhang Xiaoming , Zhang Tuo 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHigh temperature corrosion of the water wall tube in a 50 MW thermal power plant was investigated which caused several boiler accidents. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) were used to observe the cross-sectional morphology of the tube and analyze the oxide scales. Results show that the boiler water and the coal quality did not meet the requirements. High temperature corrosion of water wall tubes was attributed to the using of coal which had a higher ash content and lower received lower heating value. Higher dissolved oxygen and incrustation in the boiler water caused serious corrosion at the inner surface of water wall tube, which led to the possibility of decarburization and degradation of the steel. Suitable coal blending and stability of the thermal load were the effective means to prevent the high temperature corrosion of the tube.
Xerei, der Errichter des Inschriftenpfeilers von Xanthos
Authors: Lotz Helmut 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Eine Analyse der raumlichen Organisation der Inschriften des Inschriftenpfeilers ergibt, dass diese wesentlich regelmasiger einem Stoichedonraster folgen als bisher angenommen. Es lasst sich nachvollziehen, wie die Steinmetzen im Lauf ihrer Arbeit das Rastersystem immer besser an die Erfordernisse des ausergewohnlichen Inschriftentragers anzupassen versuchten. Besonders deutlich wird dies in der Einfugung zusatzlicher Rasterpositionen, um die Verbreiterung des Schaftes nach unten hin auszugleichen. Scheinbare Unregelmasigkeiten sind in Wirklichkeit absichtsvolle Abweichungen, durch die zum einen eine sprachkonforme Zeilentrennung (nach Silbengrenzen) realisiert und zum anderen auf Platzmangel reagiert wurde. Die Rekonstruktion des Stoichedonrasters speziell der Sudseite erlaubt eine eindeutige Bestimmung der Zeichenanzahl in der ersten Zeile. Hieraus ergibt sich eine Entscheidung in der lange diskutierten Frage nach dem Errichter des Monuments: Es kommt nur der xanthische Dynast Xerẽ i in Frage. Anhand der genealogischen Passagen der lykischen Prosainschrift lasst sich dessen Stellung innerhalb der Dynastie von Xanthos als Sohn Arppaχus, Enkel Kuprllis und jungerer Bruder Xerigas bestimmen. Der durch den historischen Bericht des Inschriftenpfeilers abgedeckte Zeitraum von 430/429 bis 412/411 durfte im Wesentlichen der Regierungszeit Xerẽ is entsprechen
The Important Thermal Characteristics of Matter and Their Computations with the Use of the Gibbs Potentials
Authors: Budzhak Y. S. , Wacławski T. 
Published: July 2018

In this paper, the important thermal characteristics of matter (they describe thermodynamic systems in a state of thermodynamic equilibrium) were calculated. There are the following important thermodynamic functions: the system internal energy , the thermal function (or enthalpy) the free Helmholtz energy, the thermo-dynamic potential (or Gibbs free energy), the Gibbs grand thermodynamic potential , the entropy , the specific heat capacity . These functions are explicit functions of system’s parameters, they fulfil some mathe-matical relationships and posses some total differentials. These functions are calculated in this paper and their physical sense is given in the cited works.
Enseñanza de idiomas mediante la acción social
Authors: López Montero Rosberly 
Published: July 2018

Recibido 26/10/2017 Aceptado 16/01/2018El presente artículo tiene como objetivo dar a conocer parte del trabajo realizado mediante el proyecto de Extensión Docente de la Vicerrectoría de Acción Social denominado Idiomas para la Comunicación Internacional, el cual se desarrolló en la Sede Regional del Pacífico de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Parte de este trabajo fue divulgado en el Taller de Extensión Universitaria del Congreso Internacional Universidad 2016 en la modalidad de póster. La importancia de aprender nuevos idiomas y facilitar posibilidades para su aprendizaje en las zonas fuera de la ciudad capital es una tesis que se defiende a lo largo de estas páginas y que se alcanza gracias a la acción social.
HIV and Syphilis Screening Among Adolescents Diagnosed With Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Authors: Jichlinski Amanda , Badolato Gia , Pastor William , Goyal Monika K. 
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Women with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) are at an increased risk for syphilis and HIV, but screening rates among adolescents have been understudied. Our objective is to measure the frequency of HIV and syphilis screening among adolescents who are diagnosed with PID and identify patient- and hospital-level characteristics associated with screening.

METHODS:
We performed a retrospective cohort study using the Pediatric Health Information System from 2010 to 2015. We included visits to the emergency department by female adolescents who were diagnosed with PID and determined the frequency of HIV and syphilis screening. We performed separate multivariable logistic regression analyses to identify factors associated with screening.

RESULTS:
Of the 10 698 patients who were diagnosed with PID, 22.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 21.2%–22.8%) underwent HIV screening, and 27.7% (95% CI 26.9%–28.6%) underwent syphilis screening. Screening rates varied by hospital (HIV: 2.6%–60.4%; syphilis: 2.9%–62.2%). HIV screening was more likely to occur in younger (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.2; 95% CI 1.0–1.3), non-Hispanic African American (aOR 1.4; 95% CI 1.2–1.7), non–privately insured (publicly insured [aOR 1.3; 95% CI 1.1–1.5], uninsured [aOR 1.6; 95% CI 1.2–2.0]), and admitted patients (aOR 7.0; 95% CI 5.1–9.4) at smaller hospitals (aOR 1.4; 95% CI 1.0–1.8). Syphilis screening was more likely to occur in younger (aOR 1.1; 95% CI 1.0–1.3), non-Hispanic African American (aOR 1.8; 95% CI 1.2–2.8), non–privately insured (publicly insured [aOR 1.4; 95% CI 1.2–1.6], uninsured [aOR 1.6; 95% CI 1.2–1.9]), and admitted patients (aOR 4.6; 95% CI 3.3–6.4).

CONCLUSIONS:
We found low rates of HIV and syphilis screening among adolescents who were diagnosed with PID, with wide variability across hospitals.
Diccionarios del español para la producción de textos
Authors: Fuertes-Olivera Pedro A. , Bergenholtz Henning 
Published: July 2018

El diccionario del español para la producción de textos es una herramienta de consulta diseñada para ayudar a un usuario tipo, por ejemplo un ser humano o un programa informático, a solucionar problemas de redacción. Este diccionario tiene en abril de 2017 alrededor de 80.000 acepciones descritas (aumenta el número de las mismas a una media de 30.000 acepciones por año) y es un integrante de un portal lexicográfico con objetivos comerciales, Diccionarios Valladolid-UVa. El diccionario presenta novedades teóricas y prácticas basadas en la idea de que un diccionario de internet debe ser un diccionario dinámico, es decir, un diccionario que ofrece varias posibilidades de consulta gracias a la interrelación de los tres componentes básicos de un diccionario de internet: (a) una base de datos lexicográfica o editor; (b) uno o varios motores de búsqueda; (c) una o varias interfaces. Como los paquetes informáticos comerciales existentes en la actualidad no permiten el desarrollo de este tipo de diccionarios, nuestros diccionarios se diseñan y construyen con tecnologías propias pensadas para favorecer el proceso de construcción, actualizar los datos lexicográficos al minuto, reusar los datos lexicográficos existentes y hacer uso tanto de tecnologías propias (por ejemplo, sistemas de búsquedas maximizadoras) como de libre disposición (por ejemplo Ngram Viewer).
Prevalence of paediatric dermatoses among patients attending Dermatology outpatient department in a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry
Authors: Medasani Varsha , Oudeacoumar Paquirissamy , Chitralekhya Rao , Misra Saurabh Krishna 
Published: July 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Skin diseases are a major health problem in the paediatric age group and are associated with significant morbidity. Dermatoses in children are more influenced by socioeconomic status, dietary habits, climatic exposure and external environment as compared to adults. The present study was undertaken to know the prevalence of paediatric dermatoses among patients attending Dermatology outpatient department in a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> All newly diagnosed, untreated male and female paediatric patients (from neonates to adolescents ≤19 years of age) attending Dermatology OPD, from October 2015 to September 2017 were evaluated to study the prevalence and patterns of paediatric dermatoses. The skin disorders were classified into groups like infections, infestations, eczemas, acne, hypersensitivity disorders, sweat gland disorders, pigmentary disorders, nevi, keratinisation disorders, hair and scalp disorders, papulosquamous disorders, bullous disorders, nail disorders, drug reactions, other dermatoses.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The prevalence of pediatric dermatoses in our OPD is 25.21%. Incidence of pediatric dermatoses was found to be more in males 237 (59.39%) than in females 162 (40.60%) and the majority of the patients were in adolescent age group (217; 54.38%). Present study showed that majority of cases belonged to the lower socioeconomic group 186(46.6 %). In our study, majority (58.98%) of dermatoses belonged to infections and infestations group. Of the infective dermatoses, fungal infections (27.88%) were the most common.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Infectious dermatoses were commonly seen in this study that may be due to poverty, overcrowding, poor hygiene. There is an increasing trend of fungal infections which might be related to hygiene and environment. </p>