bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organisiertes Prostatakarzinomscreening: Erste Erfahrungen aus Schweden
Authors: Lorenz Judith 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungIm Jahr 2020 startete in Schweden erstmals ein regional organisiertes bevölkerungsbasiertes Prostatakarzinomscreening, das alle Schritte von der Einladung bis zur Besprechung von Biopsiebefunden umfasst. Im September 2023 hatten bereits 8 von 21 Regionen entsprechende Programme initiiert. Forschende analysierten nun erste Daten zur Machbarkeit und Effektivität des Tumorscreenings inklusive der Teilnahmeraten und der diagnostischen Ergebnisse.
Severe Disease Activation after Fingolimod Discontinuation in a Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Huppke Brenda , Vries Heike de , Blaschek Astrid , Huppke Peter 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAdult reports of unexpected severe disease worsening, often termed “rebound,” shortly after discontinuing fingolimod in a subset of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), have grown over the last decade. This phenomenon, however, remains poorly described in pediatric MS patients. We present findings of a 15-year-old who experienced a debilitating relapse 4 weeks after stopping fingolimod to switch to ocrelizumab. Imaging revealed multiple large new lesions far exceeding any previously observed activity level in the patient. Despite prompt high-dose corticosteroids, plasma exchange, and prolonged rehabilitation therapy, significant residual deficits involving cognition, balance, and vision remain from the attack. This case underscores that pediatric MS patients are also at risk of severe disease deterioration after fingolimod withdrawal and require close monitoring when switching therapies.
Three-Component Synthesis of Cyanopyrazoles Employing Diazo­acetonitrile
Authors: Mohanan Kishor , Singroha Rekha , Onen Patrick , Yadav Usha , Kant Ruchir 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAn efficient three-component reaction involving aldehydes, β-ketophosphonates, and diazoacetonitrile has been developed for the construction of highly substituted cyanopyrazoles. The reaction proceeds by a three-step, domino process comprised of a base-mediated Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons reaction/(3+2) cycloaddition and subsequent oxidation to form pyrazole derivatives. A wide range of readily available aldehydes and ketophosphonates were used to access these exciting scaffolds under mild conditions.
Critical Casimir levitation of colloids above a bull’s-eye pattern
Authors: Nowakowski Piotr , Farahmad Bafi Nima , Volpe Giovanni , Kondrat Svyatoslav , Dietrich S. 
Published: December 2024

Critical Casimir forces emerge among particles or surfaces immersed in a near-critical fluid, with the sign of the force determined by surface properties and with its strength tunable by minute temperature changes. Here, we show how such forces can be used to trap a colloidal particle and levitate it above a substrate with a bull’s-eye pattern consisting of a ring with surface properties opposite to the rest of the substrate. Using the Derjaguin approximation and mean-field calculations, we find a rich behavior of spherical colloids at such a patterned surface, including sedimentation toward the ring and levitation above the ring (ring levitation) or above the bull’s-eye’s center (point levitation). Within the Derjaguin approximation, we calculate a levitation diagram for point levitation showing the depth of the trapping potential and the height at which the colloid levitates, both depending on the pattern properties, the colloid size, and the solution temperature. Our calculations reveal that the parameter space associated with point levitation shrinks if the system is driven away from a critical point, while, surprisingly, the trapping force becomes stronger. We discuss the application of critical Casimir levitation for sorting colloids by size and for determining the thermodynamic distance to criticality. Our results show that critical Casimir forces provide rich opportunities for controlling the behavior of colloidal particles at patterned surfaces.
Experimental study on the piezoresistive effect of Mn–Cu alloy under high temperature and pressure and its application
Authors: Liu Meiqi , Ren Dongsheng 
Published: December 2024

Large volume presses are used to simulate extreme environments within the Earth, enabling the investigation of the physical properties of subsurface materials. However, existing pressure calibration methods do not facilitate in situ observation of continuously varying chamber pressures. The Mn–Cu alloy, known for its piezoresistive properties, has not been extensively studied under ultra-high temperatures. This study investigates the piezoresistive effect of a Mn–Cu alloy wire across a temperature range of room temperature to 1000 °C and pressures up to 4.5 GPa. The results demonstrate that the Mn–Cu alloy wire can be a reliable manometer for in situ pressure monitoring in large volume presses, providing accurate absolute pressure measurements.
gwforge: a user-friendly package to generate gravitational-wave mock data
Authors: Chandra Koustav 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Next-generation gravitational-wave detectors, with their improved sensitivity and wider frequency bandwidth, will be capable of observing almost every compact binary coalescence signal from epochs before the first stars began to form, increasing the number of detectable binaries to hundreds of thousands annually. This will enable us to observe compact objects through cosmic time, probe extreme matter phenomena, do precision cosmology, study gravity in strong field dynamical regimes and potentially allow observation of fundamental physics beyond the standard model. However, the richer data sets produced by these detectors will pose new computational, physical and astrophysical challenges, necessitating the development of novel algorithms and data analysis strategies. To aid in these efforts, this paper introduces gwforge, a user-friendly, lightweight Python package, to generate mock data for next-generation detectors. gwforge allows users to seamlessly simulate data while abstracting away technical complexities, enabling more efficient testing and development of analysis pipelines. Additionally, the package’s data generation process is optimized using high-throughput systems like HTCondor, significantly speeding up the simulation of large populations of gravitational-wave events. We demonstrate the package’s capabilities through data simulation examples and highlight a few potential applications: performance loss due to foreground noise, bright-siren cosmology and impact of waveform systematics on binary parameter estimation.
GEO 600 beam splitter thermal compensation system: new design and commissioning
Authors: Nadji Séverin , Wittel Holger , Mukund Nikhil , Lough James , Affeldt Christoph , Bergamin Fabio , Brinkmann Marc , Kringel Volker , Lück Harald , Weinert Michael , Danzmann Karsten 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Gravitational waves (GW) have revolutionised the field of astronomy by providing scientists with a new way to observe the Universe and gain a better understanding of exotic objects like black holes. Several large-scale laser interferometric GW detectors have been constructed worldwide, with a focus on achieving the best possible sensitivity. However, in order for a detector to operate at its intended sensitivity, its optics must be free from imperfections such as thermal lensing effects. In the GEO 600 GW detector, the beam splitter experiences a significant thermal lensing effect due to the high power build-up in the power recycling cavity combined with a very small beam waist. This causes the fundamental mode to be converted into higher order modes, subsequently impacting the detector’s performance. To address this issue, the GEO 600 detector is equipped with a thermal compensation system (TCS) applied to the beam splitter. This involves projecting a spatially tunable heating pattern through an optical system onto the beam splitter. The main objective of the TCS is to counteract the thermal lens at the beam splitter and restore the detector to its ideal operating condition. This paper presents the new beam splitter TCS in GEO 600, its commissioning and its effect on strain sensitivity. It also outlines the planned upgrade to further enhance the performance of the TCS.
Surface plasmon resonance excitation and imaging in circular gratings: a study of non-polarized, radial and azimuthal polarization effects
Authors: Dawson Eoin , Novikova Alexandra , Bdour Yazan , Sabat Ribal Georges 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study explores the effects of various polarization states on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) in circular gratings, emphasizing their potential in sensing technologies. We present a mathematical modeling framework alongside experimental investigations involving the fabrication and characterization of circular gratings using linearly polarized, radially polarized, and non-polarized light. Our findings demonstrate stable SPR responses across multiple polarization angles, with strong signals achievable even with non-polarized light, minimizing reliance on polarizers. Additionally, we analyze spatial intensity responses and the influence of polarization on excitation patterns, enhancing our understanding of plasmonic interactions. Through Surface Plasmon Resonance imaging (SPRi), we highlight the capability to capture topographical information, further contributing to advancements in plasmonics and the development of improved sensing devices.
Quasi-one-dimensional alternating spin-1/2 antiferromagnetism in perovskite metal formate framework [(NH2)2CH]Cu(HCOO)3
Authors: Li Ying , Wang Jie , Li Yuke , Guo Hanjie , Xu Xing-Liang , Li Xing’ao 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The formamidinium copper formate [(NH2)2CH]Cu(HCOO)3 (FMD-Cu) with a perovskite-like structure based on a nonporous metal–organic framework (MOF), is presented for its synthesis and magnetic properties. The magnetic properties and their couplings to the structure are derived from detailed magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity measurements. We also discuss the spin exchange couplings based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations. As a result, FMD-Cu exhibits the unusual quasi-one-dimensional antiferromagnetic (AFM) characteristics with the Néel temperature T
N = 12.0 K and an intrachain coupling constant J/k
B ≈ 76.3 K. We also estimate the effective interchain coupling J
*/k
B ≈ 4.24 K, suggesting that FMD-Cu is close to an ideal candidate for one-dimensional magnet. Furthermore, the heat capacity shows a transition to an antiferromagnetic ordering state appears around T
N. Besides, the nonzero parameter γ = 0.089 J mol−1 K−1 obtained from the linear relationship, γT, to the low temperature-dependent zero-field heat capacity data, can be associated with the magnetic excitations in insulating quasi-one-dimensional AFM Heisenberg spin-1/2 chains. The experimental estimate and DFT calculations are entirely consistent with a model of FMD-Cu in which AFM exchange interactions originating from Jahn–Teller distortion of the Cu2+ (3d
9) ions, leaving a sublattice of coupled ferromagnetic (FM) chains. Hence, FMD-Cu is proposed as a canonical model of a quasi-one-dimensional Heisenberg spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic material.
Topological states in finite graphene nanoribbons tuned by electric fields
Authors: T Kuo David M 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this comprehensive study, we conduct a theoretical investigation into the Stark shift of topological states (TSs) in finite armchair graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs) and heterostructures under transverse electric fields. Our focus centers on the multiple end zigzag edge states of AGNRs and the interface states of

9
−
−
7
−
−
9

AGNR heterostructures. For the formal TSs, we observe a distinctive blue Stark shift in energy levels relative to the electric field within a range where the energy levels of TSs do not merge into the energy levels of bulk states. Conversely, for the latter TSs, we identify an oscillatory Stark shift in energy levels around the Fermi level. Simultaneously, we reveal the impact of the Stark effect on the transmission coefficients for both types of TSs. Notably, we uncover intriguing spectra in the multiple end zigzag edge states. In the case of finite

9
−
−
7
−
−
9

AGNR heterostructures, the spectra of transmission coefficient reveal that the coupling strength between the topological interface states can be well controlled by the transverse electric fields. The outcomes of this research not only contribute to a deeper understanding of the electronic property in graphene-based materials but also pave the way for innovations in next-generation electronic devices and quantum technologies.
Accurate computation of gas binding in the nanoscale porous organic cage CC3 via coupled cluster theory
Authors: Lao Ka Un 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the binding of seven gas molecules—N2, CH4, C2H2, CO2, H2O, SF6, and CHCl3-within the central cavity of the nanoscale porous organic cage CC3, using a high-level local coupled cluster method that accounts for single, double, and perturbative triple excitations, extrapolated to the complete basis set limit. This results in the formation of the CC3@7 dataset, which presents unique challenges due to the need for accurate descriptions of confinement effects and many-body interactions that contribute to binding. The CC3@7 dataset is used to evaluate a variety of lower-cost computational approaches. Among the methods tested for accurately predicting the binding order for all seven gas molecules, the recommended MP2-based approach is MP2+aiD(CCD), which achieves a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.4 kcal mol−1. For density functional theory (DFT) methods, B97M-V+E
ABC, B97M-V, M06-L-D3, B97M-rV+E
ABC, PBE0+D4, and PBE+D4 are recommended, with MAEs ranging from 0.3 to 0.4 kcal mol−1. Additionally, r2SCAN-3c and ωB97X-3c are identified as low-cost options, with MAEs of approximately 1 kcal mol−1. Considering both accuracy and stability, PBE0+D4 is recommended for investigating nanoscale host–guest bindings when only DFT methods are feasible. Furthermore, PBE0+D4 has been successfully applied to study the binding of additional atoms and hindered solvent molecules, demonstrating the flexibility of the CC3 cage to accommodate larger molecules that exceed its cavity size.
Dependence of plasma dynamics on the strength of spatiotemporal-changing magnetic field in an RF plasma thruster using rotating magnetic field acceleration method
Authors: Furukawa Takeru , Kuwahara Daisuke , Shinohara Shunjiro 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The rotating magnetic field (RMF) acceleration method is a newly proposed approach to enhance the performance of electrodeless radio frequency (RF) plasma thruster. In the previous study, electron current drive in the azimuthal direction was observed using the RMF method, which resulted in the electromagnetic force in the presence of a magnetic nozzle. To further optimize the acceleration effect with the RMF method, we investigated the dependence of spatial profiles of plasma parameters and the driven current density on the RMF field strength. We observed a higher azimuthal-current density in plasma compared to the previous campaign. According to spatial electrostatic probe measurements, the ion Mach number spatially increases with the increase in RMF strength. The ion acceleration on the z-axis can result from the presence of spatial convergence of electron pressure due to radial electron transport. Total thrust composed of a static pressure term and electromagnetic force increases with higher RMF strength under the full penetration condition of the RMF. We clarified the strengthening RMF field contributes to the enhancement of the azimuthal current and spatial ion acceleration effect, leading to the thrust increment. These findings, although the thrust performance is not yet at a practical level, hold significant potential for the future optimization of the RMF acceleration method applied to electrodeless RF plasma thrusters.
Moderate Influence of Halo Spin on Stellar Mass Distributions in Dwarf and Massive Galaxies
Authors: Rong Yu , Hua Zichen , Hu Huijie 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We estimate halo spins for H i-rich galaxies in the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA survey using a semi-analytic approach, examining the relationship between halo spin and stellar surface density. Our findings reveal an inverse correlation in both low- and high-mass galaxy samples, with stellar surface density decreasing as halo spin increases. This trend highlights the pivotal role of halo spin in galaxy evolution and suggests a universal formation scenario: high-spin halos, accompanied by high-spin accreted gas, retain angular momentum, preventing gas from efficiently condensing in the galactic center and thus suppressing star formation. Consequently, weak feedback redistributes gas to the halo outskirts without significant expulsion. The shallower central gravitational potential in high-spin halos promotes outward stellar migration, leading to more extended stellar distributions and lower stellar surface densities.
Mu down regulation EEG-neurofeedback training combined to motor imagery facilitates early consolidation in a sequential finger tapping task
Authors: Hanna Mira , Kobaïter Maarrawi Sandra , Abdul Malak Rami , Bou Merhy Rose Mery , Maarrawi Joseph 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective. Motor imagery (MI) has demonstrated positive effects on motor performance and triggers activation in the motor cortex (MC). EEG-Neurofeedback (EEG-NF) is a neuromodulation technique that provides real-time feedback on one’s brain activity, enabling self-regulation of brain states. While there is increasing evidence of humans controlling the activity of various brain networks, including the MC, through EEG-NF, the tangible benefits of this self-regulation on motor performance remain uncertain. This study investigates the potential benefits of EEG-NF training in explicit learning of a sequential movement, in comparison to MI training and to a combined EEG-NF and MI training. Approach. Ninety-one right-handed healthy adults were randomly assigned to one of four groups (a)NF(n = 24), (b)MI(n = 22), (c)MI + NF(n = 23) and (d)control(n = 22). Participants performed a sequential finger tapping task before and after (immediately, 20 min and 24 h) a single 30 min training session. Motor performance, movement speed and event related desynchronization data were analyzed. Main results. MI training led to a better motor performance compared to control condition immediately after training that was sustained at the 20 min retest time point (p = 0.02 and 0.05). In contrast, EEG-NF training alone did not yield better motor performance compared to control condition at any time-point (p > .05). Remarkably, only the combination of both trainings led to superior motor performance 24 h after training in comparison to control group (p = 0.02). Additionally, all experimental groups successfully decreased mu rhythm amplitude throughout most of the training. Significance. Combined EEG-NF and MI training appears particularly promising for enhancing motor consolidation holding the potential to advance rehabilitation approaches.
Development of a machine learning tool to predict deep inspiration breath hold requirement for locoregional right-sided breast radiation therapy patients
Authors: Barrett Fletcher , Quirk Sarah , Stenhouse Kailyn , Long Karen , Roumeliotis Michael , Lee Sangjune , Souza Roberto , McGeachy Philip 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background and purpose. This study presents machine learning (ML) models that predict if deep inspiration breath hold (DIBH) is needed based on lung dose in right-sided breast cancer patients during the initial computed tomography (CT) appointment. Materials and methods. Anatomic distances were extracted from a single-institution dataset of free breathing (FB) CT scans from locoregional right-sided breast cancer patients. Models were developed using combinations of anatomic distances and ML classification algorithms (gradient boosting, k-nearest neighbors, logistic regression, random forest, and support vector machine) and optimized over 100 iterations using stratified 5-fold cross-validation. Models were grouped by the number of anatomic distances used during development; those with the highest validation accuracy were selected as final models. Final models were compared based on their predictive ability, measurement collection efficiency, and robustness to simulated user error during measurement collection. Results. This retrospective study included 238 patients treated between 2016 and 2021. Model development ended once eight anatomic distances were included, and the validation accuracy plateaued. The best performing model used logistic regression with four anatomic distances achieving 80.5% average testing accuracy, with minimal false negatives and positives (<27%). The anatomic distances required for prediction were collected within 3 min and were robust to simulated user error during measurement collection, changing accuracy by <5%. Conclusion. Our logistic regression model using four anatomic distances provided the best balance between efficiency, robustness, and ability to predict if DIBH was needed for locoregional right-sided breast cancer patients.
Insights to the formation of Zr-based metal–organic frameworks from in situ powder x-ray diffraction
Authors: Petersen E Eja , Main Russell M , Magdysyuk Oxana V , Kelly Nicole L , Borthwick Emma A L , Naden Aaron B , Ashbrook Sharon E , Morris Russell E , Ettlinger Romy 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study sheds light on the kinetics of crystallisation of two Zr-based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), namely Zr6-MOF-808 and Zr6-MOF-801, using in situ powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD). Once a room temperature synthesis for the two MOFs was designed for the very small scale, a successful series of in situ PXRD experiments over the range of 10 °C–40 °C yielded high quality quantitative information on the kinetics of crystallisation for both MOFs. These findings indicate the importance of the solubility of the linker and its connectivity: while the rate of nucleation and the resulting particle size of the MOF (Zr6-MOF-801), with the less soluble and lower connected linker, was strongly temperature dependent, the growth and particle size of Zr6-MOF-808 was hardly impacted by an increase in temperature. This work highlights the importance of careful preliminary research and helps to improve future MOF synthesis design to efficiently achieve the desired particle size distribution.