bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity of GNSS tropospheric gradients to processing options
Authors: Kačmařík Michal , Douša Jan , Zus Florian , Václavovic Pavel , Balidakis Kyriakos , Dick Galina , Wickert Jens 
Published: June 2019

Abstract. An analysis of processing settings impacts on estimated
tropospheric gradients is presented. The study is based on the benchmark
data set collected within the COST GNSS4SWEC action with observations from
430 Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) reference stations in central Europe for May and June 2013.
Tropospheric gradients were estimated in eight different variants of GNSS
data processing using precise point positioning (PPP) with the G-Nut/Tefnut
software. The impacts of the gradient mapping function, elevation cut-off
angle, GNSS constellation, observation elevation-dependent weighting and
real-time versus post-processing mode were assessed by comparing the
variants by each to other and by evaluating them with respect to
tropospheric gradients derived from two numerical weather models (NWMs).
Tropospheric gradients estimated in post-processing GNSS solutions using
final products were in good agreement with NWM outputs. The quality of
high-resolution gradients estimated in (near-)real-time PPP analysis still
remains a challenging task due to the quality of the real-time orbit and clock
corrections. Comparisons of GNSS and NWM gradients suggest the 3∘
elevation angle cut-off and GPS+GLONASS constellation for obtaining
optimal gradient estimates provided precise models for antenna-phase centre
offsets and variations, and tropospheric mapping functions are applied for
low-elevation observations. Finally, systematic errors can affect the
gradient components solely due to the use of different gradient mapping
functions, and still depending on observation elevation-dependent weighting.
A latitudinal tilting of the troposphere in a global scale causes a
systematic difference of up to 0.3 mm in the north-gradient component, while
large local gradients, usually pointing in a direction of increasing
humidity, can cause differences of up to 1.0 mm (or even more in extreme cases)
in any component depending on the actual direction of the gradient. Although
the Bar-Sever gradient mapping function provided slightly better results in
some aspects, it is not possible to give any strong recommendation on the
gradient mapping function selection.
Holocene ostracod assemblages from the Co To Islands, northeastern Vietnam
Authors: Niiyama Sota , Tanaka Gengo , Komatsu Toshifumi , Doan Hung D. , Nguyen Hung B. , Trinh Ha T. , Nguyen Minh T. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract. In this study, we investigated ostracod assemblages from the Co To Islands in northeastern Vietnam. We identified 77 ostracod species belonging to 46 genera in nine surface sediment samples and recognized three biofacies (I, II, and III) based on Q-mode cluster analysis. The dominant species of biofacies I and II were Aurila hataii, Loxoconcha japonica, and Xestoleberis hanaii, which commonly occur in seaweed beds from southern China to Japan. This is the first report on the ostracod assemblage from the open-sea area in northeastern Vietnam. We clarified that the ostracod assemblages in the Gulf of Tongking, including northern Vietnam, have a strong biogeographical relationship with East Asia seas. A new species, Loxoconcha cotoensis sp. nov., was described herein from the Co To Islands (http://www.zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/41d3fb9f-ae17-4215-82c1-0874a8bf1a30, last access: 3 June 2019).
Avaliações externas e a qualidade do ensino brasileiro
Authors: Ataides Fernanda Barros , Dos Santos Ivana , De Sousa Cecília Vicente , De Freitas Silva Anair Araújo 
Published: June 2019

Nas últimas décadas, as políticas de avaliação têm assumido papel importante nas reformas educativas e, pela forma como vêm sendo compreendidas e aplicadas nas instituições escolares, geram impactos negativos no processo de ensino. Há supervalorização das avaliações em larga escala que se pautam em meritocracia, classificação, seleção e competitividade e resultam na perda de autonomia do professor. Responsabilizam-se os professores e as escolas pelos resultados obtidos, eximindo-se os estados de seus compromissos com a educação e induzindo o currículo. Além de serem limitados e contraditórios, os instrumentos adotados não conseguem avaliar o processo em sua totalidade. A partir dessas constatações, este estudo tem por objetivo desenvolver, a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, uma abordagem teórica explicativa sobre a qualidade da educação brasileira na perspectiva das avaliações em larga escala, sob o ponto de vista de alguns pesquisadores do campo da avaliação. Concluímos que os métodos avaliativos centrados nas avaliações em larga escala continuam a oferecer uma educação empobrecida, pautada na memorização e no treinamento dos alunos.

Palavras-chave: Educação. Avaliações externas. Qualidade do ensino.
Perspectivas e desafios da formação continuada em atividades circenses no contexto escolar
Authors: Tiaen Marcos Sergio , Sambugari Marcia Regina do Nascimento 
Published: June 2019

O artigo aborda parte da pesquisa que investigou o potencial educativo das atividades circenses, a partir da realização de uma formação continuada com professores de Educação Física que atuam no Ensino Fundamental, em escolas da rede municipal de ensino de Corumbá, localizada no extremo oeste de Mato Grosso do Sul, na fronteira Brasil/Bolívia. Partiu do pressuposto de que há um esvaziamento na formação continuada dos professores de Educação Física, bem como dificuldades de articulação dos conhecimentos desenvolvidos nos cursos de formação frente à realidade das situações vivenciadas na prática pedagógica, na escola. As contribuições das atividades circenses reforçam seu potencial educativo em instituições escolares, no entanto, como será que esse processo ocorre em outros contextos de educação continuada? Quem são os professores de Educação Física interessados em inserir as atividades circenses em sua prática pedagógica? Qual a contribuição das atividades circenses na formação continuada de professores de Educação Física? Com a realização da pesquisa ressalta-se a necessidade de contextualizar a formação continuada e o conteúdo do circo à realidade de trabalho dos professores, bem como o envolvimento coletivo da comunidade escolar.
How Government Surveillance Policies Modify SNS Use in South Korea
Authors: Kim Tonghoon , Atkin David J. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The present study examines the assumption that online users would be influenced by widely reported privacy threats; namely, that public servants might monitor personal online communications between instant messenger users, and compel the Korean domestic social network service (SNS) providers to cooperate with their surveillance efforts. Utilizing uses and gratifications (U&G) theory, we integrate previous research on government surveillance, privacy concern, and motivation variables regarding SNS use. A survey of South Korean users reveals that privacy concern is mediating the relationship between governmental online surveillance and SNS switching intention. Structural equation modeling results suggest that SNS switching intention is predicted positively by interaction motivation and negatively by convenience motivation. Privacy concern mediates the relationship between governmental online surveillance and SNS switching intention. These findings illustrate the measures that users take in response to telecommunication policy actions, particularly those that might logically pose a threat to online privacy. Study findings thus help provide support for a novel theoretical framework that illustrates the utility of media U/G variables in the context of online privacy conceptions stemming from perceived threats of online government surveillance. We conclude by discussing implications for policymakers stemming from user remedies to circumvent state surveillance initiatives.
Uma nova abordagem da Teoria da Aprendizagem Desenvolvimental
Authors: Puentes Roberto Valdés 
Published: June 2019

O artigo oferece uma nova abordagem da teoria psicológica e didática concebida no período soviético com o termo “Развивающее обучение” e que tradicionalmente tem sido traduzida no ocidente como “Developmental Teaching”, “Enseñanza desarrollante” ou “Ensino desenvolvimental”. O texto comprova, a partir de fontes originais, em primeiro lugar, que, diferentemente de “teaching”, “enseñanza” e “ensino”, a tradução mais adequada na perspectiva desenvolvimental para o termo russo “обучение” (obutchenie) é aprendizagem. Em segundo lugar, que a questão é muito mais grave porque não se trata apenas de um problema de tradução, mas de compreensão dos fundamentos teóricos e metodológicos da concepção desenvolvimental que tem levado a ignorar que a atividade psíquica, que é o conteúdo dessa concepção, não pode ser ensinada, mas aprendida pelo próprio aluno quando emerge como sujeito em um tipo específico de atividade de estudo que fomenta a aprendizagem desenvolvimental colaborativa e autônoma. O artigo muda o modo atual de entender os tipos de aprendizagem existentes, a função da Didática, bem como o papel do professor e dos alunos no interior dessa teoria.
Égalité et liberté chez Alexis de Tocqueville
Authors: Morand-Deviller Jacqueline 
Published: June 2019

L’article, concentré sur l’ouvrage « De la démocratie en Amérique» d’Alexis de Tocqueville, se consacre à présenter l’essentiel de sa démonstration qui, à partir de son observation de l’organisation politique et sociale des Etats Unis, dresse un diagnostic: l’irrésistibilité de l’avènement de la démocratie et de l’égalité en établissant un bilan des avantages et des risques de cette promotion, puis présente les remèdes à apporter pour que les menaces ne se réalisent pas et que coexistent harmonieusement égalité et liberté.
Efficacy of Combined Crude Extract of Curcuma longa and Moringa oleifera in the Prevention of Peptic Ulcer in Albino Rats
Authors: Airaodion Augustine I. , Adekale Olukunle A. , Airaodion Edith O. , Ogbuagu Emmanuel O. , Ogbuagu Uloaku , Osemwowa Etinosa U. 
Published: June 2019

Aim: This study is aimed at investigating the prophylactic efficacy of combined extract of Curcuma longa and Moringa oleifera leaf against indomethacin–induced ulcer in albino rats.
Place and Duration of Study: This research was carried out in Ibadan Nigeria between November 2017 and January, 2018.
Methods: Fifty (50) healthy male albino rats with body weights between 150 and 200 g were used for this study. They were randomly divided into ten groups of five rats each. Group I was administered omeprazole for seven days, group II was administered Moringa oleifera leaf solution for seven days, group III was administered Curcuma longa solution for seven days, group IV was administered Curcuma longa + Moringa oleifera leaf solution for seven days and group V was administered distilled water for seven days. This group served as the control group. Groups VI, VII, VIII, IX and X were treated similarly as groups I, II, III, IV and V respectively but were treated for fourteen days. At the end of the administration, the animals were fasted for 18 hours and 50 mg/kg of indomethacin was administered orally (p.o) to the rats. After 8 hours of indomethacin administration, the animals were anesthetized by chloroform anesthesia and sacrificed and the stomach removed and opened along the greater curvature, rinsed with copious volume of normal saline and pinned on a board to expose the stomach clearly.
Results: Animals treated with combined extracts of Curcuma longa + Moringa oleifera leaf showed significantly increased ulcer inhibition (71.64%, 75.57%) when compared with those of Curcuma longa (44.10%, 46.53%) and Moringa oleifera leaf (53.43%, 57.58) respectively but showed no significant difference when compared with that of omeprazole (72.60%, 74.29%), the reference drug after 7 and 14 days pre-treatment respectively.
Conclusion: The combined extract has a greater prophylactic efficacy against indomethacin-induced ulcer than individual extracts and gave similar result as omeprazole. The combined extract of Curcuma longa + Moringa oleifera leaf could be used as a prophylaxis against peptic ulcer disease.
Comparative Study on Dpph Free Radical Scavenging Activity of 25 Kinds of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Plants
Authors: Pei-Xia LI , Dong-Hao HE , Meng-Yu GONG , Yuan-Feng Shun , Meng-Lin LI , Yi Huang 
Published: June 2019

Aims: To determine and compare the antioxidant activity of water and ethanol extract of 25 kinds of traditional chinese medicinal plants.
Results: The ethanol extract of 4 kinds of medicinal herbs had the strongest scavenging activity. They were Magnolia officinalis, Rheum officinale, Psoralea corylifolia and Radix Bupleuri. In addtion, Rheum laciniatum, Chrysanthemum morifolium, Magnolia officinalis and Salvia miltiorrhiza had the strongest scavenging activity of their water extract. On the basis of the above comparison, we evaluated EC50 and total phenolic content of their ethanol extract. The EC50 of Magnolia officinalis, Rheum officinale, Psoralea corylifolia and Radix Bupleuri were 2.75mg·mL-1, 11.82mg·mL-1, 25.22mg·mL-1and 42.67mg·mL-1. The total phenlic content of them were 4.80μg·L-1 , 1.19μg·L-1, 1.07μg·L-1 and 0.75μg·L-1, respectively.
Conclusion: The results showed the correlation between the antioxidant activity and the total phenol content. Furthermore, the reaction time of the DPPH test affected the free radical scavenging, which reflected the difference of the extract component would impact the test method.
Ameliorative Activity of Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) Fruit and Seeds Powders on Diabetic, Oxidative and Pancreatic Status in Rats
Authors: Gabal Alyae, M. S. 
Published: June 2019

Background: Diabetes mellitus is the one of the most common endocrine diseases that is characterized by hyperglycemia, altered metabolism with an increased risk of much complications. Besides drugs classically used for the treatment of diabetes several species of plants have been described as having a hypoglycemic activity with decreased side effects.
Aim of the Work: This work aimed to investigate the possible anti-diabetic effect of oral administration of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) fruit flesh and seeds powders on Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats via studying blood glucose levels, oxidative biomarkers as well as islets of Langerhans structure changes.
Materials and Methods: 60 adult albino rats of Sprague-Dawely strains (200±5 gm) were classified into five groups of ten animals each except diabetic control group was composed of twenty rats as follow Group I: healthy control; Group II: diabetic control ,Group III, IV and V: diabetic rats received 2 g pumpkin fruit, seeds, fruit and seeds mixture powders respectively /kg body weight daily by oral intubation.
Results: The results of present study showed that pumpkin powders caused significant improvements (P≤0.05) in blood glucose, insulin levels and glycated hemoglobin percent compared to diabetic control group. Also pumpkin powders improved antioxidants activities and healed Langerhans islets by increasing their number and size in comparison with diabetic control group. Conclusion: The present study showed that pumpkin powders may normalize the various biochemical and pancreatic tissues abnormalities resulted due to diabetes metabolic disorders and it is a source of potent anti-diabetic agent. The diabetic rats that were administered with the pumpkin fruit powder, exhibited the highest improvements.
Distribution of Available Sulfur in Some Soils of South Chad Irrigation Project Area, Lake Chad Basin, Borno State, Nigeria
Authors: Makinta Goni , Ngala Adam Lawan , Sandabe Mohammed Kyari 
Published: June 2019

Aims: A field study was carried out to evaluate the content and distribution of available sulfur in soils underlain by the Chad Formation under the South Chad Irrigation Project area, Borno State.
Study Design: Purposive sampling technique was employed based on homogeneity in general surface features especially vegetation, topography and morphology.
Place and Duration of Study: The study site includes the clay plains of the Lake Chad Basin where the South Chad Irrigation Project is located. The study was carried out in 2016.
Methodology: Seven profile pits were sunk at selected locations across the study areas and samples collected in each pedogenic horizons of the profiles. Surface and sub-surface samples were also collected for physico-chemical analyses using standard procedures. The available sulfur was determined turbidimetrically after extracting with calcium phosphate solution.
Results: Textural classes were generally clayey with islands of sandy loam. The soil reaction ranged from moderately acid to slightly alkaline. The percentage organic matter content was generally low, being higher in clay than sandy soil texture. The available sulfur content was low with a range of 2.0 to 6.9 mg/kg. The distribution of available S content decreased with depth. The results also indicated that available P in profile P6 is positively correlated (r = 0.989**) with the available sulfur content. There was little or no correlation between the available sulfur and soil pH in all the profiles, except profile P1 (r = 0.531*). Significant negative correlation between organic matter content and the available sulfur in profiles P1 (r = -0.817**), P5 (r = -0.527*) and P7 (r = -0.989**) were observed. Significant negative correlation (r = -0.562*) was also observed between available sulfur and clay content in profile P1. The significant negative correlation of available sulfur with clay and organic matter could be due to adsorptive properties of clay and organic matter fractions.
Conclusion: The soils were observed to be deficient in available sulfur. The low available sulfur status of the soils indicated that supplemental application of sulfur containing fertilizer and manure would be required for maximum cereals and vegetable crop production in the study area.
Evaluation of Antimicrobial Potential of the Marine Cyanobacterium, Rivularia mesenterica
Authors: Skočibušić Mirjana , Lacić Sandra , Rašić Zorica 
Published: June 2019

Background: Antibiotic resistance is becoming a pivotal concern for public health accelerating the search for new antimicrobial molecules from nature. The prevention and treatment of infectious diseases by applying products from marine organisms, especially Cyanobacteria as a potential and promising source of antimicrobial agents appears as a possible alternative.
Aims: To evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial potential of different extracts derived from marine cyanobacterium Rivularia mesenterica against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including multidrug resistant bacteria, by comparison with clinically relevant antibiotics.
Methodology: The secondary metabolites were extracted from fresh and dried cyanobacterial biomass in water and different organic solvents. Antimicrobial efficacy of different extracts was evaluated by the disc diffusion assay. Additionally, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the ethanol extracts obtained from fresh and dried biomass was also determined.
Results: The ethanol extracts obtained from fresh and dried biomass of R. mesenterica showed significant antimicrobial activity against five Gram-positive and five antibiotic resistant Gram-negative bacteria and four fungal strains in comparison with the clinically relevant antibiotics. The inhibitory effect of the ethanol extracts was observed, with MIC values in the range 0.06 to 32.00 μg/ml against tested strains. Furthermore, the water extract was inactive against of the tested bacteria and fungi.
Conclusion: These results suggest that the ethanol extracts of R. mesenterica possess potent broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, which can serve as an interesting source for antimicrobial compounds and promising alternative to synthetic antimicrobial drugs discovery.
Geology, Palynomorphs Distribution, Stratigraphy and Depositional Environments of Lewumeji and Idogun Wells, Eastern Dahomey Basin Southwestern, Nigeria
Authors: Adeigbe O. C. , Oyekola C. B. 
Published: June 2019

Selected composited samples from Lewumeji (0-111m) and Idogun (0- 54m) wells, from Abeokuta Group, Eastern Dahomey Basin, Nigeria, were subjected to detailed lithologic and palynological studies. The studies aimed at determining the lithological sequence, relative age, palynological zone and paleoenvironments of deposition. The core samples were subjected to lithological description and palynological analysis using standard procedure in order to determine palynomorphs contents such as pollen, spore and dinoflagellates. The lithologies from both wells consist of reddish to brown clay, reddish to brown colour, rounded to sub rounded sandstone, dark grey shale denoting possibly fluvial, brackish, lagoonal and marine environments. A total of 31 well preserved low to moderate diverse palynomorphs were recovered from the studied area. The palynomorphs frequency percentage distribution shows that both wells have a higher ratio of land-derived pollen and spores to the marine dinoflagellates; (75%, 25% and 61%, 39%) for Lewumeji and Idogun wells respectively. The microfloral assemblages include abundant Cyathidites sp., Cyathidites minor, Tubistephanocolpites cylindricus, Proteacidites sp., Trilete spore, Foveotriletes margaritae, Monocolpites marginatus, Monoporites annulatus, Pteris sp, Distaverrusporites simplex and Laevigatosporites sp. The dinoflagellates recovered were characterized by the likes of Leiosphaeridia sp., Senegalinium sp., Oligosphaeridinium sp., Paleocytodinium sp., Cerodinium sp. and Subtilisphaera sp. The wells fall within Cyathidites Minor zone, characterized by the diagnostic occurrence of Cyathidites minor, Cyathidites sp. and Monocolpites marginatus dated Upper Maastrichtian to early Paleocene. Paleoenvironmental interpretations based on the abundance of freshwater swamps pollen and Spores, diagnostic dinoflagellates cyst and the Palynomorphs Marine Index (PMI) are suggestive of environmental settings that vary from continental to brackish water and shallow marine.
PENGARUH PRODUCT PLACEMENT TERHADAP BRAND AWARENESS “BMW” PADA FILM MISSION IMPOSSIBlE: FALLOUT
Authors: Steven Steven , Sudrajat Ratih Hasanah 
Published: June 2019

Film Mission Impossible: Fallout adalah salah satu film yang menerapkan penggunaan Product Placement. Product Placement yang paling dominan dalam film ini adalah brand automotive BMW. BMW telah melakukan kerja sama dengan Paramount Pictures sebagai exclusive automotive cars marketing partners untuk film Mission Impossible franchise sejak tahun 2011. Setiap global campaign dari seri film Mission Impossible ini bertujuan untuk mempromosikan launching produk terbaru yang akan dirilis oleh BMW nantinya, Dengan adanya situasi penggunaan product placement secara berturut-turut sebagai sarana promosi menjadi permasalahan yang layak diteliti mengenai bagaimana product placement mempengaruhi brand awareness audience yang menonton film Mission Impossible: Fallout. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari variable independen yaitu product placement. Variable dependen yaitu brand awareness. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kausal dengan metode penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat Kota Bandung yang berusia ≥ 20 tahun dan sudah pernah menonton film Mission Impossible: Fallout. Dengan sample sebanyak 100 orang yang telah dihitung menggunakan rumus Slovin. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dengan menyebarkan kuesioner dengan tehnik Purposive Sampling dan diuji dengan tehnik regresi linear sedeharana. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa tanggapan audience terhadap product placement memiliki pengaruh yang tinggi sebesar 76,53% dan tanggapan audience terhadap brand awareness juga menunjukan kategori tinggi dengan skor sebesar 73,47% dah skor pengaruh hubungan product placement terhadap brand awareness yang diuji dengan analisis regresi linear sederhana bernilai positif dengan perolehan skor sebesar 62,3%