bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FEN BİLGİSİ ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ GENETİĞİ DEĞİŞTİRİLMİŞ ORGANİZMALAR (GDO) İLE İLGİLİ ALGILARININ BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: KIŞOĞLU Mustafa , KELEŞ Özgül 
Published: February 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı, fen
bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının Genetiği Değiştirilmiş Organizmalar (GDO) ile
ilgili algılarının metaforlar aracılığıyla belirlenmesidir. Araştırmanın
çalışma grubunu Aksaray Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Fen Bilgisi Eğitimi Anabilim
Dalı’nın 1., 2., 3. ve 4. sınıfında
öğrenim görmekte olan toplam 150 (111 kız, 39 erkek) öğretmen adayı
oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomonoloji deseni
kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan öğretmen adaylarının GDO’ya ilişkin
algılarını ortaya çıkarmak için her bir öğretmen adayına “Genetiği
değiştirilmiş organizmalar (GDO) … gibidir, çünkü…” cümlesinin yazılı olduğu
bir kağıt verilmiş ve bu cümleyi tamamlamaları istenmiştir. Elde edilen
verilerin analizinde NVIVO 11 programından yararlanılmıştır. Verilerin
anlamlandırılmasında ve aralarındaki ilişkilerin ortaya çıkarılmasında içerik
analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonunda öğretmen adaylarının GDO’ya
ilişkin dokuz ayrı kategoride 110 metafor ürettikleri belirlenmiştir. En fazla
metafor “Diğer” ve “GDO Sağlık İlişkisi” kategorilerinde geliştirilmiştir.
Katılımcıların ürettikleri metaforların nedenlerinin dört farklı kategoride
toplandığı görülmüştür. Öğretmen adaylarının GDO ile ilgili ürettikleri
metaforların nedenleri en fazla “Yarattığı Riskler” kategorisinde toplanmıştır.
Bulgular sınıf düzeyi yükseldikçe GDO’lu ürün kullanmaya yönelik olumsuz
görüşlerin azaldığını göstermiştir. Birinci sınıfta okuyan öğretmen adayları
GDO’lu ürün kullanmaya yönelik hiç olumlu görüş belirtmemişlerdir. Ayrıca
araştırmaya katılan kız öğrencilerin erkek öğrencilere oranla GDO’lu ürünlere
yönelik daha olumsuz bir görüşe sahip oldukları tespit edilmiştir.
AİLELERİN SINIF ÖĞRETMENLERİNE UYGULADIĞI MOBBİNG DAVRANIŞLARI
Authors: TÜRK Harun , KIROĞLU Kasım 
Published: February 2019

Mobbing; iş yerlerinde bir
bireyin, belirli bir grup tarafından düşmanca tavırlara sürekli ve sistematik
şekilde maruz bırakılması ve bu davranışlar sonucunda mağdur kişinin sağlığının
bozulması olarak açıklanabilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, sınıf öğretmenlerinin,
ailelerin uyguladığı mobbing davranışlarına yönelik algıları ve bu
davranışlarla baş etme yöntemlerini nitel bir araştırma yoluyla incelemektir. Bu amaca ulaşabilmek için
ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi tercih edilerek, her sınıf düzeyinden beş öğretmen
olmak üzere, toplam yirmi öğretmenle (on erkek, on kadın) yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma verilerinin çözümlenmesinde betimsel analiz
tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre, çalışmaya katılan
sınıf öğretmenlerinin birçoğunun mobbing mağduru olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sınıf
öğretmenlerinin mobbing davranışlarına maruz bırakılmalarının nedenlerine
ilişkin verdiği yanıtlar, mobbing uygulayan kişiden kaynaklı nedenler ve
kurumsal nedenler olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucuna göre, mobbing
davranışlarına maruz bırakılan sınıf öğretmenlerinin sağlıklarının bozulduğu
belirlenmiştir. Sınıf öğretmenlerinin birçoğunun, MEB’in yetersiz desteği ve
yaşadıkları endişe nedeniyle, hukuksal mücadele yolunu tercih etmedikleri
görülmektedir.
ORTAÖĞRETİM ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN SINIF YÖNETİMİ BECERİLERİ
Authors: SARI Buşra , BAYRAKCI Mustafa 
Published: February 2019

Bu araştırmada, ortaöğretim öğretmenlerinin
sınıf yönetimi becerilerine ilişkin algı düzeyleri ile bu algılarının cinsiyet,
yaş, branş, eğitim durumu ve hizmet yılı gibi değişkenler açısından incelenmesi
amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma tarama modelinde betimsel bir çalışmadır. Araştırmada ortaöğretim
öğretmenlerinin, sınıf yönetimi becerisine yönelik algılarını ölçmek üzere,
Delson (1982) tarafından geliştirilen, Yalçınkaya ve Tonbul (2002) tarafından
Türkçe’ye uyarlanan ve daha sonrasında Korkut
(2009) tarafından güncellenen “Sınıf Yönetimi Beceri Ölçeği”
kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin Türkçe formunun geneline ilişkin iç tutarlık katsayısı
α=0.86 iken Cronbach alfa güvenirlik katsayısı ise çalışmamızda .79 olarak
hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde araştırmada ele alınan problem
durumlarına uygun olarak, betimsel istatistik tekniklerinden yararlanılmıştır. Verilerin
normal dağılım gösterip göstermediğini test etmek için Kolmogorov-Smirnow testi
yapılmış, verilerin normal dağılmadığı saptandığından non-parametrik testler
kullanılmıştır. Alt problemlere bağlı olarak verilerin çözümlenmesinde yüzde,
frekans, aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma, Spearman’s korelasyon testi, Mann
Whitney U Testi, ve Kruskal Wallis testleri uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına
göre; ortaöğretim öğretmenlerinin sınıf yönetimi beceri düzeyleri arasında,
kendilerini en iyi algıladıkları boyutun “sınıf içi etkileşim ve davranış
düzenlemeleri” olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Plan-program etkinlikleri ve fiziksel
düzen algılarının “iyi” düzeyde olduğu, öğretmen-öğrenci ilişkisinin
düzenlenmesi ve zaman kullanımı algılarının “çok iyi” düzeyde olduğu ve
öğretmenlerinin sınıf içi etkileşim ve davranış düzenlemeleri algılarının da
“çok iyi” düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Farklı branşlardaki öğretmenlerin
sınıf yönetimi beceri algı düzeylerine bakıldığında branşa göre farklılaştığı
ve meslek dersi öğretmenlerinin, sınıf yönetiminde plan-program etkinlikleri ve
fiziksel düzenlemeyi diğer branş öğretmenlerine göre daha verimli kullandıkları
tespit edilmiştir. Cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim durumu ve hizmet yılı değişkenleri
açısından ise sınıf yönetimi beceri algı düzeylerinin anlamlı olarak
farklılaşmadığı bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.
Profile of Hospitalized Hypertensives with Preserved and Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Nigeria
Authors: Olusegun-Joseph Akinsanya Daniel , Karaye Kamilu M , Akintunde Adeseye A , Okunowo Bolanle O , Opadijo Oladimeji G , Habib Abdulrazak Garba , Balarabe Suleiman A 
Published: February 2019

Introduction The impact of preserved and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) has been well studied in heart failure, but not in hypertension. We aimed to highlight the prevalence, clinical characteristics, comorbidities and outcomes of hospitalized hypertensives with preserved and reduced LVEF from three teaching hospitals in Nigeria. Methods: This is a retrospective study of hypertensives admitted in 2013 in three teaching hospitals in Lagos, Kano and Ogbomosho, who had echocardiography done while on admission. Medical records and echocardiography parameters of the patients were retrieved and analyzed. Results: 54 admitted hypertensive patients who had echocardiography were recruited, of which 30 (55.6%) had reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (RLVEF), defined as ejection fraction <50%; while 24 (44.4%) had preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (PLVEF). There were 37(61.5%) females and 17 (31.5%) males. Of the male patients 64.7% had RLVEF, while 35.3% had PLVEF. 19(51.4%) of females had RLVEF, while 48.6% had PLVEF. Mean age of patients with PLVEF was 58.83±12.09 vs 54.83± 18.78 of RLVEF; p-0.19. Commonest comorbidity was Heart failure (HF) followed by stroke (found among 59.3% and 27.8% of patients respectively). RLVEF was significantly commoner than PLVEF in HF patients (68.8% vs 31.3%; p- 0.019); no significant difference in stroke patients (46.7% vs 53.3%; p-0.44). Mortality occurred in 1 (1.85%) patient who had RLVEF. Conclusion: RLVEF was more common than PLVEF among admitted hypertensive patients; they also have more comorbidities. In-hospital mortality is, however, very low in both groups.
The Death of the Da’i: The Autonomization of Religious Messages within Cyberspace
Authors: Rahman Fazlul 
Published: February 2019

This paper attempts to explore the phenomenon of Islamic propagation (dakwah) on the Internet known as "e-dakwah." It problematizes the authority of religious messages within cyberspace vis a vis Internet’s anonymity. This 'cyber ethnographic' research shows that people in cyberscape are concerned more with the messages than their authors. This study confirms the autonomic truth of the messages as it is supported by Imam ‘Alī bin Abī Ṭālib’s popular argument “listen to what has been said, not who has said that." Consequently, the truth and acceptance of it in the dakwah activities or messages within cyberspace does not depend on the preachers (dā‘ī) and their professional capacity and intellectual knowledge, but on the object of dakwah (mad‘ū). This paper proposes the term “The death of the da’i,” which is adapted from Roland Barthes' term “The death of the author” in his image-music-text, to discuss the phenomenon.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran dan Sikap Sosial Terhadap Hasil Belajar Sejarah SMA Negeri 24 Kabupaten Tangerang
Authors: Jati Andrian , Winarsih Murni , Sarkadi Sarkadi 
Published: February 2019

The aim of this research is to the effect of learning models and social attitudes towards the learning outcomes of history in Tangerang District 24 High School. The type of research used is quantitative research by using 2x2 level treatment design experiment methods. The population consists of all students of class XI IIS. The sample consisted of two classes namely class XI IIS 1 and XI IIS 4. With a total of 60 people. The instruments used for learning outcomes are multiple choice tests and those used for social attitudes are questionnaires. The results of this study indicate that: (1) historical learning outcomes of students studying with the Two Stay-Two Stray (TSTS) learning model are higher than students who study with conventional learning models (2) there is an influence of interactions between learning models and students' social attitudes ( 3) historical learning outcomes of students who study with the Two Stay-Two Stray learning model (TSTS) and have a higher social attitude higher than students who study with conventional learning models and have high social attitudes (4) historical learning outcomes of students learning with models learning of Two Stay-Two Stray (TSTS) and having a low social attitude is lower than students who study with conventional learning models and have low social attitudes.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran dan sikap sosial terhadap hasil belajar sejarah di SMA Negeri 24 Kabupaten Tangerang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen desain treatmen by level 2x2. Populasi terdiri dari seluruh siswa kelas XI IIS. Sampel terdiri dari dua kelas yaitu kelas XI IIS 1 dan XI IIS 4. Dengan jumlah 60 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk hasil belajar adalah tes pilihan ganda dan yang digunakan untuk sikap sosial adalah kuesioner. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) hasil belajar sejarah siswa yang belajar dengan model pembelajaran TSTS lebih tinggi dari siswa yang belajar dengan model pembelajaran konvensional (2) terdapat pengaruh interaksi antara model pembelajaran dan sikap sosial siswa (3) hasil belajar sejarah siswa yang belajar dengan model pembelajaran TSTS dan memiliki sikap sosial tinggi lebih tinggi dari siswa yang belajar dengan model pembelajaran konvensional dan memiliki sikap sosial tinggi (4) hasil belajar sejarah siswa yang belajar dengan model pembelajaran TSTS dan memiliki sikap sosial rendah lebih rendah dari siswa yang belajar dengan model pembelajaran konvensional dan memiliki sikap sosial rendah.
Lymphocyte Transformation Testing (LTT) in Cases of Pain Following Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Yang Steven , Dipane Matthew , Lu Conrad H. , Schmalzried Thomas P. , McPherson Edward J. 
Published: February 2019

Background:
The utilization of lymphocyte transformation testing (LTT) has increased for diagnosing metal sensitivity associated with total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but its validity for the diagnosis of TKA failure due to an immune reaction has not been established. In this study, we sought to characterize the relationship of a positive LTT result to histopathologic findings and clinical and functional outcomes.

Methods:
This was a retrospective study of 27 well-fixed, aseptic, primary TKA cases in which the patient had persistent pain and/or stiffness and underwent revision due to a suspected metal allergy to nickel, as determined on the basis of positive LTT. Revision procedures were performed by a single experienced arthroplasty surgeon. Periprosthetic tissue samples obtained at the time of revision surgery were scored using the aseptic lymphocyte-dominated vasculitis-associated lesion (ALVAL) scoring system.

Results:
Eight patients were categorized as mildly reactive; 8 patients, moderately reactive; and 11 patients, highly reactive to nickel by LTT. The predominant findings on routine histopathologic analysis were fibrosis and varying degrees of lymphocytic infiltration in 17 (63%) of the 27 cases. The average ALVAL score of the cohort was 3.1 ± 1.9, of a maximum score of 10. Average Knee Society Score (KSS) values improved post-revision, as did range of motion (all p < 0.01). Neither LTT stimulation index as a continuous variable nor as a categorical variable (mildly reactive, moderately reactive, highly reactive) was correlated with ALVAL score, pre-revision function (as assessed by KSS-clinical, KSS-functional, and range of motion), or change in function at the most recent follow-up (0.015 < r < 0.30, 0.13 < p < 0.95). In addition, the ALVAL score did not correlate significantly with either pre-revision or post-revision KSS or range of motion (0.061 < r < 0.365, 0.09 < p < 0.88).

Conclusions:
On the basis of this analysis, including histopathologic assessment, LTT results alone were insufficient for the diagnosis of TKA failure due to an immune reaction. A positive LTT may not indicate that an immune reaction is the cause of pain and stiffness post-TKA. The role of LTT in assessing TKA failure from an immune reaction needs further investigation. Diagnostic criteria for such TKA failure need to be established.

Level of Evidence:
Diagnostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Predicting Risk of Contralateral Slip in Unilateral Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
Authors: Maranho Daniel A. , Ferrer Mariana G. , Kim Young-Jo , Miller Patricia E. , Novais Eduardo N. 
Published: February 2019

Background:
Femoral morphology may influence the etiology of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE). We investigated whether radiographic parameters of femoral head-neck morphology are associated with a subsequent contralateral slip in patients presenting with unilateral SCFE.

Methods:
We evaluated 318 patients treated for unilateral SCFE between 2000 and 2017. There were 145 males (46%), and the mean age in the series was 12.4 ± 1.7 years. The patients were followed for a minimum of 18 months or until the development of a contralateral slip (70 patients, 22%). We measured the epiphyseal tilt, epiphyseal extension ratio, alpha angle, and epiphyseal angle of the uninvolved, contralateral hip at initial presentation. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess whether femoral measurements were associated with the occurrence of a contralateral slip. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine optimal thresholds of radiographic measures to determine an increased risk of a contralateral slip. A number-needed-to-treat (NNT) analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the femoral measurement thresholds in preventing a contralateral slip.

Results:
Multivariable analysis, controlling for triradiate cartilage status, identified the lateral tilt angle and the superior epiphyseal extension ratio as independent factors associated with the likelihood of a contralateral slip. For each additional degree of posterior tilt, the odds of a contralateral slip increase by 8% (odds ratio [OR] = 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02 to 1.14; p = 0.008), and for each 0.01 increase in the superior epiphyseal extension ratio, the odds of a contralateral slip decrease by 6% (OR = 0.94; 95% CI = 0.88 to 0.99; p = 0.03). A threshold for the epiphyseal tilt of 10° corresponded to a predicted probability of a contralateral slip of 54% in patients with open triradiate cartilage and an NNT of 3.3.

Conclusions:
In patients presenting with unilateral SCFE, a higher posterior tilt of the epiphysis increases the risk while an increased superior extension of the epiphysis reduces the risk of a contralateral slip. Our findings may assist the discussion about contralateral prophylactic pinning in patients with unilateral SCFE.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Reduced Myogenic and Increased Adipogenic Differentiation Capacity of Rotator Cuff Muscle Stem Cells
Authors: Schubert Manuel F. , Noah Andrew C. , Bedi Asheesh , Gumucio Jonathan P. , Mendias Christopher L. 
Published: February 2019

Background:
Fat accumulation commonly occurs in chronically torn rotator cuff muscles, and increased fat within the rotator cuff is correlated with poor clinical outcomes. The extent of lipid deposition is particularly pronounced in injured rotator cuff muscles compared with other commonly injured muscles such as the gastrocnemius. Satellite cells, which are a tissue-resident muscle stem-cell population, can differentiate into fat cells. We hypothesized that satellite cells from the rotator cuff have greater intrinsic adipogenic differentiation potential than do gastrocnemius satellite cells, and this difference is due to variations in epigenetic imprinting between the cells.

Methods:
Satellite cells from gastrocnemius and rotator cuff muscles of mice were cultured in adipogenic media, and the capacity to differentiate into mature muscle cells and adipogenic cells was assessed (n ≥ 9 plates per muscle group). We also performed DNA methylation analysis of gastrocnemius and rotator cuff satellite cells to determine whether epigenetic differences were present between the 2 groups (n = 5 mice per group).

Results:
Compared with the gastrocnemius, satellite cells from the rotator cuff had a 23% reduction in myogenic differentiation and an 87% decrease in the expression of the differentiated muscle cell marker MRF4 (myogenic regulatory factor 4). With respect to adipogenesis, rotator cuff satellite cells had a 4.3-fold increase in adipogenesis, a 12-fold increase in the adipogenic transcription factor PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma), and a 65-fold increase in the adipogenic marker FABP4 (fatty-acid binding protein 4). Epigenetic analysis identified 355 differentially methylated regions of DNA between rotator cuff and gastrocnemius satellite cells, and pathway enrichment analysis suggested that these regions were involved with lipid metabolism and adipogenesis.

Conclusions:
Satellite cells from rotator cuff muscles have reduced myogenic and increased adipogenic differentiation potential compared with gastrocnemius muscles. There appears to be a cellular and genetic basis behind the generally poor rates of rotator cuff muscle healing.

Clinical Relevance:
The reduced myogenic and increased adipogenic capacity of rotator cuff satellite cells is consistent with the increased fat content and poor muscle healing rates often observed for chronically torn rotator cuff muscles. For patients undergoing rotator cuff repair, transplantation of autologous satellite cells from other muscles less prone to fatty infiltration may improve clinical outcomes.
Spatial Soil Nutrient–Plant–Herbivore Linkages: A Case Study from Two Poultry Litter–Amended Pastures in Northwest Arkansas
Authors: Braden Indi S. , Ashworth Amanda J. , West Charles P. 
Published: February 2019

Core Ideas
Analysis of soils and forages across landscapes aids in targeted nutrient management.
Soil and plant relationships were identified on two beef farms and spatial scales.
Higher soil nutrients favored bermudagrass growth compared with tall fescue.
Grid sampling size impacts soil test values and site management.
Feeding and grazing strategies affect nutrient excretion and nutrient loss spatially.
Analysis of soils, forages, and landscapes can aid in targeting management of poultry litter and forage practices consistent with livestock production and water quality goals in watersheds with nutrient imbalances, such as in pastures of northwestern Arkansas. Objectives were to describe spatial relationships of soil and plant characteristics in litter‐amended pastures on two beef cow–calf farms in northwestern Arkansas. Fields were grid‐sampled for standing biomass, ground cover, soil nutrients, and vegetative composition at two sampling scales (14 and 60 m grids) for correlation analyses. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to identify relationships between soil and forage spatially and at two scales. For both scales on Farm A, positive correlations were found among exchangeable K, Ca, and Mg with organic matter. Correlations between pairs of soil variables were likely due to accumulated litter‐derived nutrients. Bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] cover was positively correlated with soil test P, dissolved reactive P, and K for the 14‐m sampling grid on Farm A, whereas tall fescue [Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh.] cover was negatively correlated with those soil variables on Farm B. This suggests that higher soil nutrient accumulations favored bermudagrass growth. Feeding and grazing strategies influence the amount and spatial pattern of nutrient excretion, which, in turn, affect the risk of nutrient loss and fertilizer requirements. These results document the influence of grid sampling size on soil test values for site management. Future GIS‐based studies will identify forage, soil, and terrain attributes in relation to P index mapping.
Beneficial Use of White and Indian Mustard Seed Meals to Enhance Plant Growth and Nutrient Uptake
Authors: Lewis Katie L. , Hons Frank M. , Gentry Terry J. 
Published: February 2019

Core IdeasMustard seed meals (SM) added to soil >56 days before planting cotton and sorghum reduced negative growth effects.Mineral concentrations of cotton and sorghum were generally greater with SM and inorganic fertilizer treatments than the control.Before use as an organic fertilizer, the source, rate, and timing of SM applications should be considered.Oilseed crops have been widely evaluated for potential biodiesel production; however, for biodiesel to be economically and environmentally sustainable, feasible, and profitable means of by‐product (i.e., seed meal, SM) usage must also be developed. Utilization of SMs as a soil amendment in organic agricultural production systems offers one possible solution. This glasshouse study was conducted to determine the effects of mustard SMs (white mustard,Sinapis albaL., and Indian mustard,Brassica junceaL.) on aboveground growth and nutrient uptake by cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) and forage sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench] compared to inorganic fertilizer. The soil used was a loamy fine sand with low plant‐available N, P, and K. Seed meals were applied to soil at 1.0 and 2.5% by weight of soil. Compositional analysis of SMs used in this experiment indicated that the materials should contain sufficient nutrients to support plant growth; however, glucosinolates contained in these materials can also inhibit plant growth. A SM incubation period of 56 d reduced negative crop growth effects and should result in increased nutrient availability. For each measured nutrient parameter of cotton and sorghum, SM and inorganic fertilizer treatments generally resulted in values greater than the control. Dry matter N concentrations of two harvests of each plant species were greatest with 2.5% SM, followed by 1.0% SM and fertilizer. Seed meal applications may enhance nutrient availability and plant uptake and growth; however, the source, rate, and timing of SM applications should be considered before use as an organic fertilizer.