bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POTATO STARCH MODIFICATION WITH BENZOIC ACID CHLORINE HYDRIDE
Authors: Shulga Sergii , Shulga Oksana 
Published: November 2024

Starch is a natural polymer due to modification, acquires the necessary properties for the needs of the food, packaging and other industries. The following modification methods are known: physical, chemical and biological. Starches modified with chloride, phosphate, sulfate acids, acetic anhydride, acetic and succinic acids, potassium hydroxide, ammonium persulfate are industrially produced in many countries in the world. A numeric of works concerns the interaction of various starch types with fatty acid chlorides. In addition, native and modified starch are biodegradable and allows them to be used for the ecological materials. The potato starch modification with benzoic acid chloride was carried out and was confirmed by elemental analysis. There were changes in the vibration frequency bands of native starch in the uncharacteristic region in the IR spectra: the vibration frequency at 981.81 cm-1 increased and in the spectrum of the modified starch it lies at 1024.82 cm-1, the band with the vibration frequency of 923.07 cm-1 shifted to 866.66 cm-1, and the band with an oscillation frequency of 609.79 cm-1 shifted to 672.22 cm-1,which indicates a change in the uncharacteristic region of the native starch spectrum after acylation. A signal appeared at 7.3 ppm in the modified starch NMR spectrum, which is characteristic of the benzoin ring. However, it was impossible to determine the degree of starch glucopyranose acylation chains and determine the substituent position by NMR spectrum. There were changes in the appearance of starch, which was determined by microscopy: the characteristic potato starch grains shape, elongated oval grains were destroyed. The obtained modified product properties were studied using thermogravimetric analysis and it was established the modification changed the forms of moisture bonds with starch, the grains appearance, and the crystallinity degree decreased from 12 to 5%.
Konstatasi Aspek Pengaturan Pariwisata Sesuai Konstitusi UUD NKRI 1945 dan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan
Authors: Sunarti Sri , Hatibie Irma Kharisma , Husain Yeristiawati 
Published: November 2024

Pada dasarnya pariwisata memiliki peranan yang penting dalam pembangunan ekonomi dan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Hal yang perlu diperhatikan bahwa dalam pembangunan pariwisata harus memperhatikan aspek pengaturan hukumnya terutama dalam hal pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan. Untuk itu konstatasi terhadap peraturan yang mengatur tentang pariwisata merupakan suatu yang perlu dilakukan dalam rangka terciptanya harmonisasi dan singkronisasi pariwisata itu sendiri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis konstatasi aspek pengaturan pariwisata sesuai konstitusi dan peraturan perundang-undangan. Sementara penelitian ini adalah penelitian normative dengan menggunakan bahan hukum sebagai sumber utamanya. Pendekatan penelitian yakni pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan kasus. Hasil penelitian bahwa konstatsi aspek pengaturan pariwisata sesuai konsitusi dan peraturan perundang-undangan dapat dilakukan dengan cara Pertama, sistematisasi peraturan yang berkaitan dengan pariwisata. Kedua, evaluasi terhadap peraturan pariwisata yang ada dimulai dari Konstitusi itu sendiri, Undang-Undang dan sesama Undang-Undang. Peraturan Pemerintah, Peraturan Menteri, Peraturan Daerah baik Provinsi maupun Kabupaten/Kota. Selain itu konstatasi merupakan upaya yang paling baik dalam menjaga keharmonisan dan singkronisasi peraturan perudang-undangan yang mengatur tentang pariwisata.
Ius Constituendum on the Doctrine of Unlawful Nature in the Law on the Eradication of Corruption After the Constitutional Court Decision Number 003/PUU-IV/2006
Authors: Nusa Apriyanto , Zainuddin Asriadi , Imran Suwitno Yutye , Darmawati Darmawati 
Published: November 2024

The unlawful teachings in the explanation of Article 2 paragraph (1) of the Law on the Eradication of Corruption have been considered by the Constitutional Court as a norm that is contrary to the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945, and does not have binding legal force. This condition has legal implications for the meaning of unlawful elements in Article 2 paragraph (1) of the Law on the Eradication of Corruption, becoming vague (vague norm). The purpose of this study is to analyze the unlawful teachings in the Law on the Eradication of Corruption in Ius Constituendum. This research uses normative legal research, which formulates the aspired law (ius constituendum) on the meaning of the element against the law (wederrechtelijkeheid) in the Corruption Eradication Law after the Constitutional Court Decision Number 003/PUU-IV/2006. The results of the discussion show that by assessing the basis of the Constitutional Court's legal considerations (ratio decidendi) Number 003/PUU-IV/2006. The cancellation of the explanation of Article 2 paragraph (1) of the Law on the Eradication of Corruption which adheres to the teachings of the nature of the act of violating formal and material laws, because it is considered that the concept of materiele wederechtelijk, which refers to unwritten law, is an uncertain measure. The unlawful element in Article 2 paragraph (1) of the Law on the Eradication of Corruption Crimes is still interpreted as against formiele wedderechtelijkeheid and against materiele wedderecjhtelijkeheid in its negative function. As for its positive function, it must be considered contrary to the principle of protection and fair legal certainty regulated in Article 28D of the 1945 Constitution.
α-klotho reduces susceptibility to osteoarthritis: evidence from cross-sectional studies and Mendelian randomization
Authors: Li Zhao , Li Zhong , Cheng Qisheng , Nie Xinlin , Cui Yu , Du Bing , Ren Taotao , Xu Yibo , Ma Teng 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundDespite extensive research, the association between serum α-klotho levels and osteoarthritis (OA) remains unclear, predominantly relying on findings from OA mouse models. This study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to conduct a cross-sectional study examining the relationship between α-klotho and human OA. In addition, we used Mendelian randomization (MR) to genetically infer a causal relationship between serum α-klotho and the three OA subtypes.MethodA cohort of 12,037 subjects from NHANES (2007-2016) was analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was utilized to examine the association between α-klotho concentration and OA, alongside subgroup analysis and interaction tests. Additionally, a two-sample bi-directional MR analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between serum α-klotho and three OA subtypes, including all OA, hip OA, and knee OA, employing the inverse variance weighting (IVW) method as the primary approach.ResultsFollowing adjustment for covariates, a nonlinear negative correlation between serum α-klotho and OA was observed (OR=0.77; 95% CI, 0.68-0.88, p &lt; 0.0001). The IVW method revealed that higher serum α-klotho levels were associated with decreased susceptibility to hip OA (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.87–0.98, P = 9.64×10-3). However, MR analysis did not establish a causal relationship between serum α-klotho and OA or knee OA. Inverse MR also indicated that the three subtypes of OA do not causally affect serum α-klotho concentrations.ConclusionsIn cross-sectional studies, α-klotho showed a nonlinear negative correlation with OA. MR analysis of outcomes was not identical to cross-sectional studies.
The spatio-temporal characteristics and dynamic evolution of coupling and coordinated development of innovation factor allocation and green economy in China
Authors: Geng Kangshun , Zhang Xiaotao , Jiang Hong , Zhuang Zixuan 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionMeasuring the coupling coordination degree between the innovation factor allocation system and the green economy development system, and deeply exploring the changing trends in the coupling coordination between innovation factors allocation, including their subsystems, and green economy development, are essential prerequisites for achieving a high degree of coupling coordination between the two systems.MethodsThis paper, based on panel data from 30 provincial regions in China from 2013 to 2022, measures the coupling coordination degree between innovation factor allocation and green economy development, including their subsystems, and explores the spatial differentiation characteristics of this coupling coordination across the provinces in China and its three major regions. First, an evaluation index system for the innovation factor allocation system and the green economy development system is constructed from both input and output perspectives. The entropy weighted TOPSIS method and the coupling coordination degree model are then employed to explore the temporal characteristics of the coupling coordination between innovation factor allocation and green economy development. Second, Dagum's Gini coefficient is used to reveal the directional distribution of coupling coordination and the sources of spatial disparities. Third, kernel density estimation and spatial Markov chain methods are applied to uncover the dynamic evolution of this coupling coordination.Results and discussionThe study finds that the overall coupling coordination degree between innovation factor allocation and green economy development in China is relatively low, but it exhibits a continuous upward trend. From the perspective of regional disparities, the coupling level between innovation factor allocation and green economy development across Chinese provinces shows an imbalanced spatial distribution, characterized by higher levels in the east and lower levels in the west, with spatial disparities tending to widen. Inter-regional differences are the primary source of these spatial disparities, followed by intra-regional differences. While internal disparities within Eastern China are narrowing, they are expanding within the Central and Western China. The development processes in these regions are often influenced by neighboring spatial spillover effects. Finally, recommendations are proposed to enhance the coupling coordination degree between innovation factor allocation and green economy development in China.
Frequency of low ImPACT scores among adolescent and young adult student-athletes with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and/or learning disorder
Authors: Schatz Philip , Cuzzupe John , Karr Justin E. , Cook Nathan E. , Iverson Grant L. 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by attention problems, excessive activity, and impulsivity - occurring in approximately 13% of children 12–17 years of age, and as many as 16% of older adolescents 18–22 years of age, with a greater prevalence in boys than girls. ADHD frequently co-occurs with specific learning disorder (LD), a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties learning and using academic skills, such as reading, writing, and mathematics. Taken together, ADHD and/or LD are common among high school students and college students and can influence performance on computerized tests used in concussion management. However, normative data for widely used computer-based measures used in concussion management do not include reference samples with ADHD and/or LD. Previous research has documented the expected frequency of obtaining low scores on computer-based neuropsychological test measures among healthy, uninjured individuals, but few studies have examined the frequency of obtaining low scores in athletes with neurodevelopmental diagnoses, such as ADHD and/or LD. This study examined the frequency of low scores (i.e., multivariate base rates) on the Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Test (ImPACT) for youth and young adults with self-reported ADHD and/or LD.MethodsThe sample included 174,878 adolescent and young adult student-athletes who completed pre-season baseline neurocognitive assessments, who were assigned to the following independent groups: ADHD only (n = 45,215), LD only (n = 54,223), ADHD and LD (n = 45,737), No ADHD or LD (n = 47,684; “control athletes”).ResultsBase rates of low scores were stratified by high school (e.g., 13–18) and collegiate age (e.g., 19–22) and sex. It was common for student athletes (all ages) with LD alone (i.e., 30–37%), or with both ADHD and LD (i.e., 24–31%), to obtain at least two low ImPACT composite scores, but not three low composite scores. However, it was relatively uncommon for control athletes (those without ADHD or LD) (i.e., 12–14%) or older athletes (ages 19–22) with ADHD (i.e., 14–15%) to obtain two (or more) low scores.DiscussionHaving information relating to the base rates of low scores among uninjured athletes enhances the interpretation of ImPACT results among the broader population of student-athletes with and without neurodevelopmental disorders.
Efgartigimod treatment in patients with anti-MuSK-positive myasthenia gravis in exacerbation
Authors: Shi Fangyi , Chen Jiaxin , Feng Li , Lai Rong , Zhou Hongyan , Sun Xunsha , Shen Cunzhou , Feng Jiezhen , Feng Huiyu , Wang Haiyan 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThe prevalence of patients positive for muscle-specific kinase antibody (hereafter, MuSK-Ab) accounts for 5–8% of all myasthenia gravis (MG) cases. Currently, efgartigimod has shown good therapeutic effects in MUSK-Ab-positive MG patients in a phase III clinical trial. However, phase III clinical trials tend to exclude MG patients in exacerbation, and there are only few real-world studies on the efficacy of efgartigimod in MuSK-Ab-positive myasthenic crisis (MC) patients. This retrospective, real-world study aimed to explore the efficacy of efgartigimod in MuSK-Ab-positive MG with exacerbation.MethodsWe reviewed the clinical data of four MuSK-Ab-positive patients with exacerbation of MG who received efgartigimod at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, including two patients with MC. All patients were admitted between September 2023 and May 2024. Most patients are simultaneously undergoing rituximab treatment.ResultsEach patient completed one cycle of efgartigimod. After the first administration, four patients showed a clinically meaningful decrease in the Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) score (a reduction of more than 4 points compared to baseline), and all patients showed a decrease in IgG levels after one cycle of efgartigimod. Regarding safety, none of the patients experienced any obvious adverse effects. At the final follow-up, all patients achieved the minimal symptom expression status (an MG-ADL score of 0 or 1) following the first administration of efgartigimod for 8.75 ± 5.56 weeks. This article presents a case involving a patient who exhibited prompt alleviation of symptoms following the administration of a high dose of efgartigimod (20 mg/kg, given on days 1 and 5), without the use of any other fast-acting treatment.ConclusionThis retrospective real-world study demonstrates the effectiveness and safety of efgartigimod in these four MuSK-Ab-positive, female Asian patients with exacerbation of MG, as well as in patients experiencing MC. It is important to note that efgartigimod should not be viewed as a substitute for foundational immunotherapy; rather, it is intended as a rescue treatment during exacerbations and as an adjunctive therapy in the context of long-term immunotherapy. This non-invasive approach has the potential to become another treatment option for MuSK-Ab-positive MG patients.
Construction of a risk prediction model for axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer based on gray-scale ultrasound and clinical pathological features
Authors: Ouyang Quifang , Chen Qiang , Zhang Luting , Lin Qing , Yan Jinxian , Sun Haibin , Xu Rong 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThis study aimed to develop a model to predict the risk of axillary lymph node (ALN) metastasis in breast cancer patients, using gray-scale ultrasound and clinical pathological features.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 212 breast cancer patients who met the inclusion criteria from January 2011 to December 2021 was carried out. Clinical and pathological characteristics, including age, tumor size, pathological type, molecular subtype, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and proliferation cell nuclear antigen (Ki-67), were examined. Preoperative ultrasound examinations were performed, and ultrasound radiomics features of breast cancer lesions were extracted using Pyradiomics software. The data was divided into training (70%) and testing (30%) sets. A predictive model for axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) was established by combining clinical and ultrasound features. The diagnostic performance of the model was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and five-fold cross-validation.ResultsThe rate of lymph node metastasis was 41.51%. Using LASSO algorithm, 17 features linked to ALN metastasis were extracted from a comprehensive databank of 8 clinical features and 1314 ultrasound radiomic attributes. Of these, four were clinical-pathological features (tumor size, tumor type, age, and expression levels of the Ki-67 protein), and 13 were radiomic features. And the following features exhibited both high weights and correlation coefficients: tumor size (R=0.29, weight=0.071), tumor type (R=-0.24, weight=-0.048), wavelet-LH_glcm_Imc1 (R=0.28, weight=0.029363), wavelet-LH_glszm_SZNUN (R=-0.20, weight=-0.028507), and squareroot_ firstorder_ Minimum (R= -0.25, weight= -0.059). The ROC area under the curve for the model in the training and testing sets was 0.882 (95% CI: 0.830-0.935) and 0.853 (95% CI: 0.762-0.945), respectively. The predictive model demonstrated a sensitivity of 87.5% on the training set and 79.2% on the test set, with corresponding specificities of 75.0% and 77.5%, accuracy of 80.4% and 78.1%, respectively. When evaluated using 5-fold cross-validation, the model achieved an average test set area under the curve (AUC) of 0.799 and a training set AUC of 0.852.ConclusionThe clinical-radiomic model has the potential to predict axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer.
Influence of flow rate and fiber tension on dynamical, mechanical and acoustical parameters in a synthetic larynx model with integrated fibers
Authors: Gühring Lucia , Tur Bogac , Semmler Marion , Schützenberger Anne , Kniesburges Stefan 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe human voice is generated by the oscillation of the vocal folds induced by exhalation airflow. Consequently, the characteristics of these oscillations and the primary sound signal are controlled by the longitudinal tension of the vocal folds, the flow rate, and their prephonatoric position. To facilitate independent control of these parameters, a synthetic larynx model was developed, as detailed in a previous publication.MethodsThis study aims to statistically analyze the influence of airflow and fiber tension on phonation characteristics, such as periodicity and symmetry, glottis closure during vocal fold oscillations, as well as tissue elasticity and generated sound. A total of 76 experiments were conducted and statistically analyzed with a systematic variation of flow rate and longitudinal tension within the vocal folds.During these experiments, vocal fold motion, subglottal pressure, and emitted sound were meticulously measured and analyzed.ResultsGroupwise statistical testing identified the flow rate as the main influencing parameter on nearly all phonation characteristics. However, the fundamental frequency, stiffness parameters, and quality parameters of the primary sound signal are predominantly controlled by the longitudinal tension within the vocal folds.DiscussionThe results demonstrated a complex interplay between the flow rate and tension, resulting in different characteristics of the produced sound signal.
Association Between Housing Items and Amenities With Psychological Wellbeing, and Their Possible Impact on All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality Risk in Lithuania
Authors: Luksiene Dalia , Tamosiunas Abdonas , Aukstakalniene Giedre , Boieva Svitlana , Radisauskas Ricardas , Bobak Martin 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivesTo determine the association of housing items and amenities with psychological wellbeing (PWB) and their relationship with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality.MethodsThis study was based on the framework of the HAPIEE study. Data from the Lithuanian Mortality Register were used to evaluate CVD and all-cause mortality from baseline survey (2006–2008) till 2023. The logistic regression model and multivariate Cox regression model were applied for data analysis.ResultsThe multivariable regression models showed that the material aspects of people’s lives influenced their PWB status: increasing the number of housing items per 1 unit significantly increased the odds ratio (OR) of higher PWB status for males [OR = 1.14 (95% CI 1.11–1.18)] and females [OR = 1.13 (95% CI 1.11–1.17)] and decreased the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality in females [respectively HR = 0.93 (95% CI 0.91–0.96) and HR = 0.91 (95% CI 0.87–0.95)] and in males [respectively HR = 0.92 (95% CI 0.90–0.94) and HR = 0.90 (95% CI 0.87–0.93)].ConclusionThese data suggest that the household items and amenities influenced PWB and may be used as risk factors in assessing the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality.
Evaluation of Von Willebrand Factor in Dogs with Parvoviral Enteritis
Authors: Koral Erman , Sevinç Mutlu 
Published: November 2024

Canine parvoviral enteritis may lead to coagulopathy in various ways. In recent years, the importance of von Willebrand factor has become the focus of more attention in infectious diseases.	The aim of this study was to determine the importance of von Willebrand factor level and coagulation parameters in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. The experimental group of this study consisted of 20 dogs with parvoviral enteritis of different breeds aged 2-6 months, and the control group consisted of 10 healthy dogs aged 2-6 months. Blood samples were taken from the dogs included in the experimental group at the 0th hour, 24th hour and before discharge, and only at the 0th hour from the healthy puppies in the control group The 0th and 24th hour von Willebrand factor values of the trial were significantly higher than the control group. The 0th hour Prothrombin Time of the trial was significantly prolonged compared to the control group. The 0th hour Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time value of the trial was significantly prolonged compared to the before-discharge and control group. The before-discharge fibrinogen level was determined to be significantly lower than at 0th and 24th hours of the trial. In conclusion, von Willebrand factor concentrations, which increase significantly in dogs with parvoviral enteritis compared to healty animals, can be evaluated as an acute phase protein. Prolongation of Prothrombin Time and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time and no significant change in fibrinogen and D-dimer values demonstrated that dogs with parvoviral enteritis were in hypercoagulation state without dissemine intravascular coagulation.