bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zapatismo as a Resonant Public Pedagogy
Authors: Anderson James K. , Springer Noah J. 
Published: March 2018

As a critical pedagogy similar to the type described by the philosopher-educator Paulo Freire, Zapatismo expresses resistance to the power-over relationships institutionalized in capitalism and the state through open-ended questioning. Previous analyses have argued that the Zapatista struggle has been incommunicable, that it can be defined in terms of new media, that Zapatismo advances a Leninist ideology, and that its resonance is rhizo-matic. A challenge to these assumptions drawing on negative dialectics suggests that, as prefiguration of other worlds beyond the neoliberal reality, Zapatismo resonates because it teaches the recovery of democracy by direct collective decision making and horizontal organization and communication. Philosophical inquiry shows that Zapatismo has recollected the radical imaginary and resonated through the Independent Media Center network and Occupy Wall Street and continues to be borrowed and adapted by Occupy offshoots, anticapitalist collectives, and ongoing initiatives. Como una pedagogía crítica similar a aquella descrita por el filósofo y educador Paulo Freire, el Zapatismo expresa resistencia a las relaciones de poder institucionalizadas en el capitalismo y el Estado a través de preguntas abiertas. Análisis previos argumentan que la lucha zapatista no ha sido comunicable, que puede definirse en términos de nuevos medios, que promueve una ideología leninista, y que cuenta con resonancia rizomática. Un desafío a todas estas suposiciones basadas en una dialéctica negativa sugiere que, como prefiguración de otros mundos más allá de la realidad neoliberal, el Zapatismo resuena porque enseña cómo recuperar la democracia mediante la toma de decisiones colectivas directas y la organización y comunicación horizontal. Una investigación filosófica da muestra de que el Zapatismo ha recobrado el imaginario radical y resonado a través de la red del Centro de Medios Independientes y Occupy Wall Street. También, que aún es tomado en préstamo y adaptado por Occupy, grupos anticapitalistas, y otras iniciativas en curso.
Safety and efficacy of maintenance ketamine treatment in patients with treatment-refractory generalised anxiety and social anxiety disorders
Authors: Glue Paul , Neehoff Shona M , Medlicott Natalie J , Gray Andrew , Kibby Guy , McNaughton Neil 
Published: March 2018

Objective: In this maintenance treatment study, we sought to evaluate the effect on anxiety ratings, safety and tolerability of 3 months of weekly ketamine in 20 patients with treatment-refractory DSM IV generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) and/or social anxiety disorder (SAD), and subsequent assessment of remission post-treatment. Methods: This was an uncontrolled open-label study in 20 patients who had been responders in an ascending dose ketamine study. The study was undertaken in a university clinic. Patients received one or two weekly ketamine doses of 1 mg/kg injected subcutaneously for 3 months. Data were collected from December 2015–June 2017. Results: There were 10 women (50%) and 10 men (50%); 15 patients (75%) met criteria for GAD and 18 (90%) for SAD. One hour after dosing, Fear Questionnaire ratings decreased by ~50%, as did Hamilton Anxiety ratings. Clinician Administered Dissociative States Scale mean scores declined over time, from 20 points at week 1 to 8.8 points at week 14. Compared with pre-dose values, mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased by ~10 mm Hg at 30 min. The most common adverse events were nausea, dizziness and blurred vision. Of the 20 patients, 18 reported improved social functioning and/or work functioning during maintenance treatment. Conclusions: Weekly ketamine dosing was safe and well tolerated, and post-dose dissociative symptoms tended to reduce after repeated dosing. Patients reported marked improvements in functionality and in their personal lives. Maintenance ketamine may be a therapeutic alternative for patients with treatment refractory GAD/SAD. Trial Registration: http://www.anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12615000617561
Metastatic breast cancers: Estimates for Italy
Authors: Crocetti Emanuele , Gori Stefania , Falcini Fabio 
Published: March 2018

Purpose: Breast is the leading site of cancer onset and death in Italy. Cases diagnosed in stage IV or that progress in metastatic phase represent a specific and challenging task for oncologists. Estimates on the burden of breast cancer (BC) in stage IV in Italy are not available. Methods: We applied mortality-incidence age-specific ratios measured in the United States in 2013 for BC in stage IV at diagnosis (de novo) or following a previous diagnosis in a localized stage (distant recurrence) to the age-specific BC deaths observed in Italy in 2014. The US mortality-prevalence age-specific ratios were used for estimating de novo and distant recurrence prevalent metastatic BC. Results: In 2014 in Italy, there were 12,330 deaths due to BC. We estimated that in the same year about 3400 BC were newly diagnosed in stage IV (7.1% of all the new cases); moreover, more than 10,000 other BC progressed to stage IV. In addition, in 2014, the overall number of BC in stage IV, whenever diagnosed, was about 37,100 (5.6% of all the estimated prevalent BC). Conclusions: These estimates quantify, for the first time in Italy, the burden of BC in stage IV, at diagnosis or during the clinical course, providing useful figures for clinicians and policy makers.
Suggesting a Practical Theory to Oncology Nurses
Authors: Ebrahimpour Fatemeh , Hoseini Akram Sadat Sadat 
Published: March 2018

Purpose: Children with cancer are faced with many challenges related to their disease that disturbs their comfort. The aim of this study was to apply Kolcaba’s comfort theory for a child with cancer. Design: A case study design was used. Methods: We applied Kolcaba’s comfort theory for a young boy with cancer who was sad and in discomfort because of intravenous access procedures. Following Kolcaba’s taxonomy of needs for comfort in the spiritual and mental level, we designed a new intervention. Findings: Kolcaba’s comfort theory is an appropriate approach which not only helps to assess and evaluate comfort holistically but also assists in performing innovative interventions to provide comfort for children with cancer. Conclusions: Kolcaba’s comfort theory is a practical theory for oncology nurses. Clinical Relevance: Nursing theories can improve the quality of clinical care.
Respecting the privacy of hospitalized patients: An integrative review
Authors: Hasan Tehrani Tayebeh , Seyed Bagher Maddah Sadat , Fallahi-Khoshknab Masoud , Ebadi Abbas , Mohammadi Shahboulaghi Farahnaz , Gillespie Mark 
Published: March 2018

Background: Privacy is a complicated and obscure concept, which has special meanings in the healthcare environment; therefore, it is essential for healthcare providers to fully understand this concept. However, there is no universally accepted definition for this concept in the texts, and it has been interpreted differently, based on its application. Aim: To analyze and provide a clear and scientific definition for respect of privacy of hospitalized patients and identify the common aspects of this concept. Research design: This study was conducted using the Whittemore and Knafl’s modified framework as a conceptual analysis method. Ethical consideration: This study was approved by the Research Council of the University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences. We have respected the ethical requirements required regarding the sources and authorship. Research context and data sources: Using integrative review, a search was performed using national and international databases, including CINAHL, Scopus, Medline, Web of Science, and ISI (with no date restriction). The keywords employed during the search process were “privacy of patients,” “confidentiality,” “and patients’ rights.” In total, 1345 articles were retrieved from the databases. After the elimination of repetitive studies and with regard to the study objectives, 124 articles, 3 books, and 4 theses were entered into the study. The data were analyzed using the conventional content analysis approach. Findings: The results were extracted in the form of four, seven, and two themes related to attributes such as physical, informational, social, and psychological and the antecedents and consequences of respecting patient privacy, respectively. Conclusion: Respect for hospitalized patient privacy contains multiple dimensions. Factors affecting the achievement of this concept include individual backgrounds, nature of the disease, and rule of paternalism. The fulfillment of patient privacy leads to such consequences as protection and improvement of human dignity as well as improved communication between the patient and the health team.
Structural Changes Following Velopharyngeal Resistance Training (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy)
Authors: Bae Youkyung , Pfeil Gwenlyn 
Published: March 2018

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility/effectiveness of using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to document velopharyngeal (VP) structural changes induced by continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy. Outcome Measures: Changes in velar length and thickness, levator veli palatini (LVP) length and thickness, velar volume, and intravelar muscular proportion along the course of CPAP therapy participation (Pre-CPAP, Post-CPAP, and withdrawal). Results: Velar and LVP lengths remained nearly the same, with the median changes (Δ) less than 0.6%, across repeated conditions. Although varying in magnitudes of change, median velar volume (Δ4%), velar thickness (Δ20%), LVP thickness (Δ17%), and intravelar muscular proportion (Δ10%) illustrated a consistent pattern of increases following the 8-week CPAP therapy. These VP structural measurements slightly decreased but remained above the pretraining condition after 8-week detraining. Conclusions: This report successfully demonstrated that MRI is a viable tool to document CPAP therapy–induced VP structural changes while providing preliminary empirical data.
Geographic Distance From Transplant Center Does Not Impact Pediatric Heart Transplant Outcomes
Authors: McKane Meghann , Dodd Debra A. , Mettler Bret A. , Wujcik Kari A. , Godown Justin 
Published: March 2018

Background: Many pediatric heart transplant recipients live a significant distance from their transplant center. This results in families either traveling long distances or relying on outside physicians to assume aspects of their care. Distance has been implicated to play a role in congenital heart disease outcomes, but its impact on heart transplantation has not been reported. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of distance on pediatric heart transplant outcomes. Methods: The Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients database was queried for all pediatric heart transplant recipients from large US children’s hospitals (1987-2014). Patients were stratified into 4 groups (<20, 20-50, 50-100, and >100 miles) based on distance. Survival curves were generated and compared using the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards regression was performed to adjust for differences between groups. Results: A total of 4768 patients were included in the analysis, of which 1435 (30.1%) were <20 miles, 940 (19.7%) were 20 to 50 miles, 806 (16.9%) were 50 to 100 miles, and 1587 (33.3%) were >100 miles from their transplant center. There was no difference in posttransplant survival based on distance after adjusting for patient age, gender, ethnicity, blood type, diagnosis, listing status, and the need for pretransplant ventricular assist device, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, or ventilator support. Conclusion: There is no significant difference in graft survival after pediatric heart transplantation based on patient distance from their transplant center. Our data suggest the current strategy of transitioning some aspects of transplant care to local physicians or management from a distance does not increase posttransplant mortality risk.
Performance Improvement to Decrease Readmission Rates for Patients With a Left Ventricular Assist Device
Authors: Iseler Jackeline , Fox John , Wierenga Kelly 
Published: March 2018

Background: The 30-day readmission rate for patients with a left ventricular assist device implantation at a large, urban, Midwest hospital system (from October 2013 to September 2014) was estimated at 32.1%. Problem Statement: Readmission rates were a concern at this facility. Review of the readmissions, change in practice, and home expectations of patients and families have identified an opportunity to improve the transitions of care for this left ventricular assist device (LVAD) program. Therefore, the purpose of this project was to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of a transitional care model (TCM) for care of patients with left ventricular devices. Methods: Ten patients were enrolled in the pilot that was implemented in June 2015. A transitional care nurse trained to support patients with ventricular assist devices was used to facilitate patient flow. The goal was to create an individualized plan for the development or improvement of self-management skills to decrease readmission rates. The transitional care nurse collaborated with the ventricular device team. Outcomes: The 30-day readmission rate during the pilot was 14.3% compared to the previous annual overall rate of 42.6%. Implications for Practice: Based on these results, further research is recommended into interventions consistent with the TCM to advance care coordination and to facilitate care transition in the this fragile patient population.
Comparison of outcomes between axial radial and axial ulnar carpal injuries
Authors: Shannon Steven F. , Boe Chelsea C. , Shin Alexander Y. 
Published: March 2018

Axial carpal injuries are rare entities where a traumatic force transmits through the intermetacarpal space, dissociating the carpometacarpal joint and disrupting the distal carpal row in an axial radial or axial ulnar pattern via true axial force or compressive crush mechanism. Differences in outcomes remain unclear with regard to the specific type of axial carpal injury pattern. A retrospective case series identified 37 wrists (in 37 patients) over 25 years who presented to a Level 1 trauma centre, with 20 wrists experiencing an axial radial injury and 17 wrists experiencing an axial ulnar injury. Of all the variables evaluated, only axial radial injuries were identified as predictors of poor outcome as defined by Mayo Wrist scores with univariate analysis demonstrating 6 times increased risk and multivariate analysis demonstrating 15 times increased risk of a poor outcome compared with axial ulnar injuries. This knowledge will provide prognostic information to surgeons managing patients with these severe injuries. Level of evidence: IV
Submucosal fat accumulation in human colorectal tissue and its association with abdominal obesity and insulin resistance
Authors: Wada Seriko , Yasunaga Yuichi , Oka Kazumasa , Dan Naoki , Tanaka Eri , Morita Kaori , Masuda Eriko , Yanagawa Kazunori , Matsumoto Hitoshi , Yoshioka Shinichi , Tsujie Masaki , Inui Yoshiaki , Kawata Sumio 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundIn addition to visceral fat, peripheral ectopic fat accumulation is suggested to play a role in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome, which is known to be associated with not only cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus but also colorectal cancer.ObjectiveThis study aims to clarify whether there is ectopic fat accumulation in human colorectal tissue in association with metabolic syndrome or its components such as abdominal obesity and insulin resistance.MethodsLipid contents of colorectal tissue were measured in 27 patients with colorectal polyp excised endoscopically. In addition, lipid droplets were immunohistochemically estimated using anti‐perilipin antibody in 32 patients with colorectal cancer resected surgically.ResultsIncreasing tissue triglyceride/phospholipid ratio was associated with increasing body mass index, fasting plasma insulin level and homeostasis model assessment as an index of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR), and also decreasing serum adiponectin level. Lipid droplets were observed in the submucosal region of colorectal tissue. The amount of lipid droplets was associated with increasing body mass index, waist circumference and visceral fat area.ConclusionThis study showed the presence of submucosal fat accumulation in human colorectal tissue and its association with abdominal obesity and insulin resistance.
The Role of Desmopressin in the Management of Severe, Hypovolemic Hyponatremia: A Single-Center, Comparative Analysis
Authors: Ward Frank L. , Tobe Sheldon W. , Naimark David M. J. 
Published: March 2018

Background: The role of desmopressin (DDAVP) to prevent or treat rapid serum sodium concentration ([Na]s) correction during hyponatremia management remains unclear. Objective: To assess DDAVP use during the first 48 hours of severe, hypovolemic hyponatremia management. The primary study hypothesis was that the use of DDAVP would slow the rate of [Na]s correction compared with those not receiving DDAVP. Design: A retrospective, observational, comparison study. Setting: A single, Canadian, tertiary center. Patients: All admitted patients referred to the nephrology service for severe, hypovolemic hyponatremia ([Na]s < 125 mmol/L) over a 12-month period from November 2015. Measurements: The primary outcomes measure was the [Na]s after medical management for 48 hours. The length of hospital stay was also measured. Methods: Patients were grouped based on whether they received DDAVP during the first 48 hours of treatment, and [Na]s correction was compared between groups using linear regression. An exploratory, multivariable, linear regression model was used to adjust for diabetes status, active malignancy, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and hypertonic saline administration. Results: Twenty-eight patients were identified, with baseline mean [Na]s of 112.7 ± 6.6 mmol/L versus 117 ± 4.3mmol/L ( P = .06) in those receiving (n = 16) and not receiving DDAVP (n = 12), respectively. The DDAVP group had a more rapid [Na]s correction on the first day compared with those not receiving DDAVP, 7.7 ± 3.8 mmol/L/d versus 5.1 ± 2.0 mmol/L/d ( P = .04). On the second day, there was a similar rate of [Na]s correction between groups: 1.3 ± 4.3 mmol/L/d versus 2.6 ± 3.2 mmol/L/d ( P = .39), respectively. Overall, there was no difference in [Na]s correction after 48 hours between those who received DDAVP and those who did not: 121.7 ± 7.5 mmol/L versus 124.8 ± 5.7 mmol/L ( P = .24). Patients who had experienced an overcorrection were successfully treated with DDAVP (n = 5), so that no patient had an ongoing overcorrection by 48 hours. Limitations: The limited sample size and lack of randomization preclude definitive conclusion on the additional benefit of DDAVP to standard care. Conclusion: DDAVP appears to be safe and effective in the management of severe, hypovolemic hyponatremia, associated with similar [Na]s correction to those who did not receive DDAVP after 48 hours, despite an initial more rapid correction. A randomized trial should examine what benefit DDAVP confers in addition to standard care in the management of severe, hypovolemic hyponatremia.
Comparative Toxicities and Cost of Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy, Proton Radiation, and Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy Among Younger Men With Prostate Cancer
Authors: Pan Hubert Y. , Jiang Jing , Hoffman Karen E. , Tang Chad , Choi Seungtaek L. , Nguyen Quynh-Nhu , Frank Steven J. , Anscher Mitchell S. , Shih Ya-Chen Tina , Smith Benjamin D. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose To compare the toxicities and cost of proton radiation and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for prostate cancer among men younger than 65 years of age with private insurance. Methods Using the MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters database, we identified men who received radiation for prostate cancer between 2008 and 2015. Patients undergoing proton therapy and SBRT were propensity score–matched to IMRT patients on the basis of clinical and sociodemographic factors. Proportional hazards models compared the cumulative incidence of urinary, bowel, and erectile dysfunction toxicities by treatment. Cost from a payer’s perspective was calculated from claims and adjusted to 2015 dollars. Results A total of 693 proton therapy patients were matched to 3,465 IMRT patients. Proton therapy patients had a lower risk of composite urinary toxicity (33% v 42% at 2 years; P < .001) and erectile dysfunction (21% v 28% at 2 years; P < .001), but a higher risk of bowel toxicity (20% v 15% at 2 years; P = .02). Mean radiation cost was $115,501 for proton therapy patients and $59,012 for IMRT patients ( P < .001). A total of 310 SBRT patients were matched to 3,100 IMRT patients. There were no significant differences in composite urinary, bowel, or erectile dysfunction toxicities between SBRT and IMRT patients ( P > .05), although a higher risk of urinary fistula was noted with SBRT (1% v 0.1% at 2 years; P = .009). Mean radiation cost for SBRT was $49,504 and $57,244 for IMRT ( P < .001). Conclusion Among younger men with prostate cancer, proton radiation was associated with significant reductions in urinary toxicity but increased bowel toxicity at nearly twice the cost of IMRT. SBRT and IMRT were associated with similar toxicity profiles; SBRT was modestly less expensive than IMRT.
Debt and sad affects in the society of control
Authors: Młoźniak Iwona 
Published: March 2018

The article presents an analysis of the notion of debt in the context of Deleuzean philosophy of affect. The interpretation presented on the following pages is “indebted” to Lazzarato’s conception of the notion of debt as a figure of subjectivity typical for capitalism. Debt is understood as an assemblage of sad passions and considered in relation to social transformations, that have led to contemporary societies of control. The article shows the connection between the concept of debt and the process of individualization characteristic for contemporary society. Firstly, the concepts of control, debt and affect in the philosophy of Deleuze are put into consideration. Secondly, their relation to the forces and assemblages typical for contemporary societies is discussed. In order to grasp the social significance of the philosophical analysis, the article involves a sociological excursion that demonstrates sociological interpretation of the processes that were described in terms of philosophical analysis in the main body of the text.
Optimization of conditions for the biological treatment of textile dyes using isolated soil bacteria
Authors: Rahman Shafkat Shamim , Alif Fahim Ahmed , Hossain M. Mahboob 
Published: March 2018

Background: In the 21st century, environmental pollution has been acknowledged as one of the major problems. The textile and dyeing industries contribute a major portion by discharging intensely complex effluent consisting of highly noxious azoic dyes. Methods: In this study, biological treatment using acclimatized microorganisms were employed in search of a cheap and eco-friendly substitute for color removal from textile waste. The microbial inocula were isolated from effluent soil samples and then applied to flasks containing azo dyes as the only source of carbon for decolorization. Results: Biochemical tests postulated predominance of Enterococcus and Bacillus bacterial strains. CO isolate or Bacillus farraginis emerged as the best decolorizer of Orange M2R dye, decolorizing 98% of the dye. BG isolate or Paenibacillus macerans showed maximum decolorization on Green GS dye that decolorized 97% of the dye. The optimum physiochemical condition for decolorization of OM2R and GGS dye was pH 7.0, 2% NaCl conc., 1% initial dye conc. and 37°C temperature by the selected isolates. Conclusions: The findings were validated and have the potential for bioremediation in textile waste effluent treatment plants.