bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solar Cosmic Ray Dose Rate Assessments During GLE 72 Using MIRA and PANDOCA
Authors: Copeland Kyle , Matthiä Daniel , Meier Matthias M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractGround level enhancement (GLE) 72, which occurred 10 September 2017, is the most recent of two solar particle‐induced enhancements in ground level measurements of cosmic radiation secondary neutrons in solar cycle 24. GLEs have been unusually rare in this solar cycle. GLEs can significantly increase ionizing radiation dose rates at aviation altitudes for hours to days, leading to concern among crewmembers. Real‐time monitoring and preliminary evaluation of solar proton events, including GLEs, in regard to effective dose rates at aviation altitudes has been ongoing since the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration began operating its Solar Radiation Alert System (SRAS) in 2002. Since then, SRAS has been revised multiple times. In this report, model calculations of dose rates during GLE 72 from Maps of Ionizing Radiation in the Atmosphere (MIRA), the latest SRAS software based on CARI‐7A, are compared with those from the model Professional Aviation Dose Calculator (PANDOCA) developed by the German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft‐ und Raumfahrt). At very low cutoff rigidities model calculations agree within 40% and indicate no significant increase in radiation exposures at commercial aviation altitudes. The larger than expected differences at very low cutoff rigidities indicate Geostationary Orbiting Environmental Satellite particle flux data alone that are insufficient to produce consistent solar particle dose estimates.
Nonsyndromic intellectual disability with novel heterozygous SCN2A mutation and epilepsy
Authors: Yokoi Takayuki , Enomoto Yumi , Tsurusaki Yoshinori , Naruto Takuya , Kurosawa Kenji 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSCN2A mutations are primarily associated with a variety of epilepsy syndromes. Recently, SCN2A has been reported as a gene responsible for nonsyndromic intellectual disability or autism spectrum disorders. Here, we present a case of a 12-year-old girl with nonsyndromic intellectual disability who exhibited a heterozygous de novo missense mutation in SCN2A. She developed seizures during the course of illness. This case suggests that the phenotype of patients with heterozygous SCN2A mutations can be variable.
Inverted signaling by bacterial chemotaxis receptors
Authors: Bi Shuangyu , Jin Fan , Sourjik Victor 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMicroorganisms use transmembrane sensory receptors to perceive a wide range of environmental factors. It is unclear how rapidly the sensory properties of these receptors can be modified when microorganisms adapt to novel environments. Here, we demonstrate experimentally that the response of an Escherichia coli chemotaxis receptor to its chemical ligands can be easily inverted by mutations at several sites along receptor sequence. We also perform molecular dynamics simulations to shed light on the mechanism of the transmembrane signaling by E. coli chemoreceptors. Finally, we use receptors with inverted signaling to map determinants that enable the same receptor to sense multiple environmental factors, including metal ions, aromatic compounds, osmotic pressure, and salt ions. Our findings demonstrate high plasticity of signaling and provide further insights into the mechanisms of stimulus sensing and processing by bacterial chemoreceptors.
Mid-infrared plasmonic multispectral filters
Authors: Wang Ang , Dan Yaping 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA miniaturized mid-infrared spectral analyzer will find a wide range of applications as a portable device in non-invasive disease diagnosis, environmental monitoring, food safety and others. In this work, we report an integrated spectral analyzer that can be constructed by using Au subwavelength hole arrays as multispectral filters. The hole arrays were fabricated with CMOS compatible processes. The transmission peak of the subwavelength hole arrays is continuously tuned from 3 μm to 14 μm by linearly increasing the periodicity of the holes in each array. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy was applied to spatially map out the transmission of the hole arrays. The results show that each hole array can selectively allow for transmission at a specific wavelength. We further constructed an IR spectral analyzer model based on the microhole multispectral filters to retrieve IR spectral information of two test samples. Our experimental results show that the spectra from the integrated spectral analyzer follow nearly the same pattern of the FTIR spectra of the test samples, proving the potential of the miniaturized spectral analyzer for chemical analysis.
Glyco-engineered cell line and computational docking studies reveals enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli CFA/I fimbriae bind to Lewis a glycans
Authors: Mottram Lynda , Liu Jining , Chavan Sonali , Tobias Joshua , Svennerholm Ann-Mari , Holgersson Jan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe have previously reported clinical data to suggest that colonization factor I (CFA/I) fimbriae of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) can bind to Lewis a (Lea), a glycan epitope ubiquitous in the small intestinal mucosa of young children (<2 years of age), and individuals with a genetic mutation of FUT2. To further elucidate the physiological binding properties of this interaction, we engineered Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO-K1) cells to express Lea or Leb determinants on both N- and O-glycans. We used our glyco-engineered CHO-K1 cell lines to demonstrate that CfaB, the major subunit of ETEC CFA/I fimbriae, as well as four related ETEC fimbriae, bind more to our CHO-K1 cell-line expressing Lea, compared to cells carrying Leb or the CHO-K1 wild-type glycan phenotype. Furthermore, using in-silico docking analysis, we predict up to three amino acids (Glu25, Asn27, Thr29) found in the immunoglobulin (Ig)-like groove region of CfaB of CFA/I and related fimbriae, could be important for the preferential and higher affinity binding of CFA/I fimbriae to the potentially structurally flexible Lea glycan. These findings may lead to a better molecular understanding of ETEC pathogenesis, aiding in the development of vaccines and/or anti-infection therapeutics.
Diffusion-weighted MRI in solitary pulmonary lesions: associations between apparent diffusion coefficient and multiple histopathological parameters
Authors: Zhang Feng , Zhou Zien , Tang Daoqiang , Zheng Danni , Cheng Jiejun , Lin Liaoyi , Xu Jianrong , Zhao Xiaojing , Wu Huawei 
Published: July 2018

AbstractApparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has gained wide attention as potential tool for differentiating between malignant and benign solitary pulmonary lesions (SPLs). The overall effects of multiple histopathological parameters on ADC have not been elucidated, which may help to explain the overlapping of ADC between malignant and benign SPLs. The study sought to explore associations between ADC and histopathological parameters in SPLs, and to compare diagnostic capability of ADC among different types of SPLs. Multiple histopathological parameters (cell density, nuclear-to-cytoplasm ratio, necrotic fraction, presence of mucus and grade of differentiation) were quantified in 52 malignant and 13 benign SPLs with surgical pathology available. Cell density (β = −0.40) and presence of mucus (β = 0.77) were independently correlated with ADC in malignant SPLs. The accurate diagnosis rate of squamous carcinomas, adenocarcinomas without mucus and malignant tumors with mucus was 100%, 82% and 0%, respectively. Our study suggested that cell density and presence of mucus are independently correlated with ADC in malignant SPLs. Squamous carcinoma maybe more accurately diagnosed as malignancy by ADC value. Malignant SPLs with mucus and adenocarcinomas with low cell density should be kept in mind in differentiating SPLs using ADC because of insufficient diagnostic capability.
Differentially expressed microRNAs in experimental cerebral malaria and their involvement in endocytosis, adherens junctions, FoxO and TGF-β signalling pathways
Authors: Martin-Alonso Aarón , Cohen Amy , Quispe-Ricalde María Antonieta , Foronda Pilar , Benito Agustín , Berzosa Pedro , Valladares Basilio , Grau Georges E. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCerebral malaria (CM) is the most severe manifestation of infection withPlasmodium, however its pathogenesis is still not completely understood. microRNA (miRNA) have been an area of focus in infectious disease research, due to their ability to affect normal biological processes, and have been shown to play roles in various viral, bacterial and parasitic infections, including malaria. The expression of miRNA was studied following infection of CBA mice with eitherPlasmodium bergheiANKA (causing CM), orPlasmodium yoelii(causing severe but non-cerebral malaria (NCM)). Using microarray analysis, miRNA expression was compared in the brains of non-infected (NI), NCM and CM mice. Six miRNA were significantly dysregulated between NCM and CM mice, and four of these, miR-19a-3p, miR-19b-3p, miR-142-3p and miR-223-3p, were further validated by qPCR assays. These miRNA are significantly involved in several pathways relevant to CM, including the TGF-β and endocytosis pathways. Dysregulation of these miRNA during CM specifically compared with NCM suggests that these miRNA, through their regulation of downstream targets, may be vitally involved in the neurological syndrome. Our data implies that, at least in the mouse model, miRNA may play a regulatory role in CM pathogenesis.
Metabolomic and lipidomic profile in men with obstructive sleep apnoea: implications for diagnosis and biomarkers of cardiovascular risk
Authors: Lebkuchen Adriana , Carvalho Valdemir M. , Venturini Gabriela , Salgueiro Jéssica S. , Freitas Lunara S. , Dellavance Alessandra , Martins Franco C. , Lorenzi-Filho Geraldo , Cardozo Karina H. M. , Drager Luciano F. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe use of metabolomic and lipidomic strategies for selecting potential biomarkers for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) has been little explored. We examined adult male patients with OSA (defined by an apnoea-hypopnoea index ≥15 events/hour), as well as age-, gender-, and fat-composition-matched volunteers without OSA. All subjects were subjected to clinical evaluation, sleep questionnaires for detecting the risk of OSA (Berlin and NoSAS score), metabolomic analysis by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and lipidomic analysis with liquid chromatography followed by detection by MALDI-MS. This study included 37 patients with OSA and 16 controls. From the 6 metabolites and 22 lipids initially selected, those with the best association with OSA were glutamic acid, deoxy sugar and arachidonic acid (metabolites), and glycerophosphoethanolamines, sphingomyelin and lyso-phosphocholines (lipids). For the questionnaires, the NoSAS score performed best with screening for OSA (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.724,p = 0.003). The combination of the NoSAS score with metabolites or lipids resulted in an AUC for detecting OSA of 0.911 and 0.951, respectively. In conclusion, metabolomic and lipidomic strategies suggested potential early biomarkers in OSA that could also be helpful in screening for this sleep disorder beyond traditional questionnaires.
Global Positioning System and GLObal NAvigation Satellite System constellations for better time synchronising reliability
Authors: Oliveira Lucas B. , Zapella Marcelo , Hunt Richard 
Published: July 2018

The demand for accurate time synchronisation available 24/7 increases with the growth of critical substation applications, such as phasor measurement, merging units, travelling‐wave fault location and current differential protection schemes. In order to yield the best accuracy and granularity from such applications, the use of a common, reliable and precision‐time reference is essential.
Impact of an inverter‐based DG on a double‐ended fault location method
Authors: Jahanger Hayder K. , Thomas David W.P. , Sumner Mark , Rose Christopher 
Published: July 2018

This study describes the influence of distributed generation (DG) on a double‐ended fault location based on measuring the high‐frequency fault transients. The additional non‐fundamental frequency current components from DG will influence the accuracy of an impedance‐based fault location technique based on non‐fundamental frequencies. A double‐ended impedance‐based fault location technique that utilises the high‐frequency content (up to 5 kHz) is studied. This study showed that double‐ended method is still able to locate a fault with a maximum error of 4% compared to the case without DG which showed a percentage error up to 2%.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Kinesiology Taping and Standard Physiotherapy Procedures in Musculoskeletal System Disorders in Dancers
Authors: Drężewska Marlena , Śliwińska Zofia , Wiernicka Marzena , Śliwiński Zbigniew , Śliwiński Grzegorz 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Objectives The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of application of Kinesiology Taping for musculoskeletal system disorders in dancers, in comparison with the standard physiotherapy procedures.
Design Cross-sectional study.
Methods Examined were 77 dancers of the Dance Theater from Poland, both male and female (58 women and 19 men), 18–25 years old (M=20.03, SD=2.67), who experienced pain in musculoskeletal system and who specialized in jazz dancing. All the examined patients had undergone a three weeks long therapy. In the test group (N=52), Kinesiology Taping was applied to the selected groups of muscles, peripheral joints and spine, with the tapes being replaced 3 times, after each 7 days of therapy. In the control group (N=25), the standard physiotherapy procedures were applied. For the assessment of effectiveness of the therapies, there were used: interviews, measurement of pelvic static, measurement of muscle strength with a dynamometer, measurement of hip joint range of motion with a digital inclinometer and measurement of pain with VAS.
Results Kinesiology Taping application has brought significant improvements in recovering proper pelvic static, increasing muscle strength, extending active range of motion of hip joints and lowering level of subjective sensation of pain.
Conclusions Effectiveness of the Kinesiology Taping application for musculoskeletal system disorders in dancers is comparable with the standard physiotherapy procedures, which makes it possible to obtain a similar therapeutic effect, using the painless, well accepted by patients method of treatment, which is addition costs less.
Status Quo der Wissenschaft und Forschung in der Physikalischen Medizin und Rehabilitation in Deutschland
Authors: Ritter Sabrina , Storrer Daniela , Weigl Martin , Krischak Gert 
Published: July 2018

Zusammenfassung
Fragestellung Die Studie erhebt Strukturen, Forschungsförderungen sowie -themen der Forschung in der physikalischen und rehabilitativen Medizin (PRM) in Deutschland.
Methode Über einen Fragebogen wurde der Status Quo der Forschung in Deutschland zum Jahr 2016 im Bereich der PMR erfasst. Dieser wurde an 109 Einrichtungen, v. a. Institute, Universitäten und Kliniken verschickt. Die Auswertung erfolgte deskriptiv.
Ergebnisse Rund 77% von 32 rückmeldenden Einrichtungen in der PMR erhielten Drittmittelförderungen. Die wichtigsten Fördermöglichkeiten waren Stiftungen, die Deutsche Rentenversicherung Bund sowie leistungsorientierte Mittelvergabe (LOM) an den Universitäten. Forschung zur Rehabilitation überwiegt gegenüber der Forschungsaktivität in der physikalischen Medizin. Die Themen sind hierbei breit gefächert und reichen von Therapiemittelforschung bis hin zu Rehabilitationszugang und -bedarf. Dabei kommen vorwiegend quantitative Methoden zum Einsatz
Schlussfolgerung Die Erhebung gibt Hinweise auf die bestehende Forschungsstruktur im Bereich der PRM sowie der inhaltlichen Themenfelder. Die Forschung im Bereich der physikalischen Medizin ist gegenüber der Rehabilitationsforschung unterrepräsentiert.
Identifikation besonderer beruflicher Problemlagen mittels des Screening-Instrumentes SIMBO. Eine Synopse von vier Kohortenstudien
Authors: Streibelt Marco 
Published: July 2018

Zusammenfassung
Fragestellung Der Artikel hat das Ziel die bestehenden Erkenntnisse hinsichtlich der prädiktiven Güte des SIMBO für die deutsche Reha-Population zusammenzufassen.
Material und Methoden Daten der bisherigen Kohortenstudien wurden verwendet. Dort erfolgte eine Erhebung des SIMBO zu Beginn der Rehabilitation. Das Outcome – Probleme bei der beruflichen Wiedereingliederung – wurde 3 Monate nach Reha-Ende erhoben. Alle Analysen wurden in Bezug auf Erkrankung und Geschlecht auf die Verteilung der Reha-Leistungen der Deutschen Rentenversicherung des Jahres 2015 gewichtet.
Ergebnisse Neun Erkrankungsgruppen wurden integriert (n=2422). 35% (32–39%) der Befragten wiesen berufliche Probleme nach der Reha auf. Personen mit diesen hatten mit 48 Punkten einen um 35 Punkte höheren SIMBO-Wert als Personen ohne diese. Bei einem SIMBO-Trennwert von 20 Punkten konnten indikationsübergreifend 89% (85–93%) aller Personen mit beruflichen Problemen erkannt werden. Für die Erkrankungsgruppen wurden unterschiedlich optimale Trennwerte ermittelt.
Schlussfolgerungen Die Ergebnisse sind der bislang stärkste Nachweis für die Güte eines Screenings in der Rehabilitation. Der Einsatz des SIMBO im Vorfeld der medizinischen Rehabilitation kann danach empfohlen werden.
Zum Einfluss eines Migrationshintergrundes auf die Umsetzung der Stillabsicht und ein vorzeitiges Abstillen
Authors: Brenne Silke , Breckenkamp Jürgen , David Matthias , Borde Theda , Razum Oliver 
Published: July 2018

Zusammenfassung
Fragestellungen Aktuelle Untersuchungen zum Stillverhalten mit einer angemessenen Berücksichtigung von Migrationsaspekten liegen aus Deutschland nicht vor. Folgende Forschungsfragen sollten mithilfe einer prospektiven Studie beantwortet werden: Welche Faktoren beeinflussen (vorzeitige) Abstillwahrscheinlichkeit und tatsächliche Stilldauer? Welche Rollen spielen Migrationshintergrund (MH) und -generation? Bleiben beobachtete Effekte bestehen, wenn für Bildung, Parität usw. kontrolliert wird?
Patientinnenkollektiv und Methodik In einem einjährigen Untersuchungszeitraum wurden in drei Berliner Geburtskliniken Frauen bei Kreißsaalaufnahme u. a. zu soziodemografischen Angaben und Migrationsaspekten befragt. Am 2./3 Tag post partum erfolgte nochmals ein standardisiertes Interview u. a. zu Stillbeginn und geplanter Stilldauer. Ein Teilkollektiv wurde 6 Monate post partum telefonisch u. a. zur tatsächlichen Stilldauer befragt. Das Stillverhalten wurde anhand multivariater Regressionsmodelle analysiert. Für die Analyse der tatsächlichen Stilldauer und möglicher Einflussfaktoren wurde eine Cox-Regression durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse Das präpartal befragte Kollektiv umfasste 7100 Frauen (57,9% mit Migrationshintergrund), auf den Wochenbettstationen wurden 6884 Frauen erreicht, beim Teilkollektiv 6 Monate postpartal 605 Frauen. 55,9% der Migrantinnen der 1. Migrantinnengeneration, 32,9% der Frauen der 2./3. Generation und 52,9% der Frauen ohne MH stillten 6 Monate postpartal noch (p<0,001). Im adjustierten Regressionsmodell hatten Frauen mit Migrationshintergrund eine größere Chance mit dem Stillen zu beginnen als Frauen ohne MH. Mit einer Regressionsanalyse nach Cox wurde die Wahrscheinlichkeit, innerhalb von sechs Monaten abzustillen, überprüft: Im adjustierten Modell zeigte sich kein Effekt des Migrationsstatus.
Schlussfolgerung Der Faktor Migrationshintergrundes hat nur einen geringen Einfluss auf das Stillverhalten. Bei der Betrachtung möglicher Unterschiede sollte die Migrationsgeneration beachtet werden.
Specificity of the Thrombin-Induced Release of Tissue Plasminogen Activator from Cultured Human Endothelial Cells
Authors: Levin Eugene G , Stern David M , Nawroth Peter P , Marlar Richard A , Fair Daryl S , Fenton John W , Harker Laurence A 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe addition of thrombin (9 nM) to primary cultures of human endothelial cells induces a 6- to 7-fold increase in the rate of release of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Several other serine proteases which specifically interact with endothelial cells were also analyzed for their effect on tPA release. Gamma-thrombin, an autocatalytic product of α-thrombin, promoted tPA release but was less effective than α-thrombin. A maximum increase of 5.5-fold was observed, although a concentration of γ-thrombin 20 times greater than α-thrombin was required. The response to Factor Xa was similar to α-thrombin, although the stimulation was significantly reduced by the addition of hirudin or DAPA suggesting that prothrombin activation was occurring. The simultaneous addition of prothrombin with Factor Xa resulted in enhanced tPA release equal to that observed with an equimolar concentration of active α-thrombin. Thus, under these conditions, Factor Xa-cell surface mediated activation of prothrombin can lead to a secondary effect resulting from cell-thrombin interaction. Activated protein C, which has been implicated as a profibrinolytic agent, was also tested. No change in tPA release occurred after the addition of up to 325 nM activated protein C in the presence or absence of proteins. Factor IXa and plasmin were also ineffective. The effect of thrombin on the endothelial cell derived plasminogen activator specific inhibitor was also studied. Thrombin produced a small but variable release of the inhibitor with an increase of less than twice that of non-thrombin treated controls.
Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP)-Induced ⍺-Granules Release from Platelets of Native Whole Blood Is Reduced by Ticlopidine but Not by Aspirin or Dipyridamole
Authors: Pengo V , Boschello M , Marzari A , Baca M , Schivazappa L , Volta S Dalla 
Published: July 2018

SummaryA brief contact between native whole blood and ADP promotes a dose-dependent release of platelet a-granules without a fall in the platelet number. We assessed the “ex vivo” effect of three widely used antiplatelet drugs, aspirin dipyridamole and ticlopidine, on this system. Aspirin (a single 800 mg dose) and dipyridamole (300 mg/die for four days) had no effect, while ticlopidine (500 mg/die for four days) significantly reduced the a-granules release for an ADP stimulation of 0.4 (p <0.02), 1.2 (p <0.01) and 2 pM (p <0.01). No drug, however, completeley inhibits this early stage of platelet activation. The platelet release of α-granules may be related to platelet shape change of the light transmission aggregometer and may be important “in vivo” by enhancing platelet adhesiveness and by liberating the plateletderived growth factor.
New Chromogenic Substrates for Thrombin with Increased Specificity
Authors: Kolde H-J , Eberle R , Hebert H , Heimburger N 
Published: July 2018

SummaryChromogenic substrates for thrombin with high specificity are necessary for several functional assays, especially for the performance of photometric PT and APTT. A new approach to improve the specificity of chromogenic peptide substrates is made coupling tripeptide sequences selective for thrombin to derivatives of 5-amino-2-nitro benzoic acid (ANBA). Especially when the chromophore’s side chain is substituted by amines or amino acids hydrolysis rates by other enzymes like kallikrein, plasmin or factor Xa are decreased significantly compared to corresponding para-nitroanilides of the same amino acid sequence. On the other hand, most of these compounds are still sensitive thrombin substrates. KM-values for thrombin and other enzymes are in the same order of magnitude as corresponding pNA-peptides. ANBA peptide substrates may be useful to measure thrombin selectively in a mixture of other proteases like plasmin, factor Xa or kallikrein and for the colorimetric determination of PT and APTT.