bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using a transcervical Foley catheter to enhance normality for induction of labour
Authors: Acheson Maria 
Published: July 2019

Background Vaginal prostaglandins are the most widely used method of labour induction in the UK. The rise in the number of women undergoing induction of labour requires the exploration of alternative, safe and holistically effective methods. Aim To determine if a transcervical Foley catheter could enhance normality and improve induction outcomes. Methods Four primary peer-reviewed articles were systematically reviewed to evaluate the effectiveness, safety and labour outcomes of the transcervical Foley catheter. Key findings were analysed, discussed and summarised. Findings There was a lack of publications; however, the transcervical Foley catheter demonstrated favourability of cervical dilatation on a moderate sample, with fewer adverse maternal or neonatal risks, making it a safer alternative to pharmacological methods. The rate of caesarean section was not increased and similar to women using vaginal prostaglandins. However, women using vaginal prostaglandins were more likely to have a caesarean section due to a non-reassuring fetal heart rate. Conclusion A transcervical Foley catheter is an effective method of labour induction that provides women with an alternative to pharmacological methods and offers choice. The transcervical Foley catheter will improve women's overall experience of induction and enhance normality of induction of labour.
Um olhar sobre a trajetória histórica e as características da Educação de Jovens e Adultos no Brasil
Authors: Lima Maria Consuelo Alves , Melo Rayane de Jesus Santos 
Published: July 2019

Este estudo evidencia pontos da trajetória histórica da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) no Brasil que merecem destaques pelas contribuições favoráveis ou contrárias ao seu desenvolvimento no País. Delineando caminhos percorridos pela EJA, a partir de consultas em referenciais teóricos e documentos oficiais, discutiram-se avanços e retrocessos na cultura jurídica, lutas de movimentos sociais e criação e execução de programas que tiveram o objetivo de erradicar o analfabetismo, tido como “vergonha nacional”. Pela visão histórica da EJA, é possível compreender o papel de particularidades de percurso que impulsionaram a promoção e as melhorias no ensino de jovens e adultos na atualidade.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: EJA. História da Educação. Movimentos Sociais.
Trabajo con solución de problemas matemáticos en tercer grado de primaria: análisis en dos escuelas privadas
Authors: Rivera Yolanda Rosas , Solovieva Yulia 
Published: July 2019

El objetivo del presente artículo consiste en conocer y analizar la forma de trabajo de la solución de problemas que utilizan dos maestras con diferentes programas educativos (programa competencias-oficial y teoría de la actividad aplicada a la enseñanza). Se propone el análisis del método de enseñanza de la solución de problemas desde las aportaciones metodológicas de la teoría de la actividad. El método de investigación fue cualitativo. Como participantes se incluyeron a dos maestras de tercer grado y a sus alumnos. Se siguieron las siguientes fases: diseño de instrumentos, observación de clase, entrevista a maestras y evaluación cualitativa de alumnos. Los resultados muestran que un colegio forma habilidades operativas en los alumnos, mientras que otro colegio desarrolla habilidades generales para la solución de problemas. Concluimos que el conocimiento de la estructura de la solución de problemas favorece que los alumnos desarrollen habilidades generales y resuelvan los problemas de forma reflexiva.
PALABRAS CLAVE: solución de problemas, educación básica, teoría de la actividad, enseñanza de las matemáticas.
Pengukuran Optical Nerve Sheath Diameter (ONSD) untuk Monitoring Tekanan Intrakranial (TIK) di Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
Authors: Thamrin Muhammad Husni , Airlangga Prananda Surya 
Published: July 2019

Latar Belakang: Peningkatan tekanan intrakranial (TIK) adalah kegawatan pada sistem neurologis yang dapat menyebabkan kematian, akibat keganasan di otak, cedera kepala tertutup, gangguan aliran liquor cerebro spinal (LCS), sumbatan pada sinus venosus utama dan yang bersifat idiopatik. Berbagai penelitian menunjukkan bahwa monitoring TIK dapat meningkatkan kualitas dan kelangsungan hidup pasien-pasien yang mengalami peningkatan TIK. Metode pengukuran TIK non invasif seperti pengukuran optical nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) jarang dilakukan di Indonesia meskipun memiliki nilai manfaat yang besar bagi penatalaksanaan pasien di ICU.Kasus: Kami melaporkan 4 kasus ICU di RSUD Dr. Moewardi, Solo, Jawa Tengah: laki-laki, 54 tahun dengan cedera kepala berat (CKB), ICH regio temporal dan edema cerebri, mendapatkan terapi konservatif; wanita 52 tahun, dengan CKB, SDH regio frontotempororoparietal, ICH regio temporoparietal dekstra dan edema cerebri; wanita 44 tahun mengalami cedera kepala akibat kecelakaan lalu lintas dengan EDH regio parietotemporal dextra, closed fracture clavicula dextra dan dilakukan kraniotomi evakuasi EDH; laki-laki 45 tahun dengan stroke hemoragik,dekstra, patah tulang tertutup, klavikula kanan dan dilakukan evakuasi EDH pascaoperasi ICH. Pada keempat pasien di atas kami lakukan pengukuran ONSD pada kedua bola mata dengan hasil yang berbeda-beda. ONSD > 5 mm kami anggap pasien mengalami peningkatan TIK, TIK > 20 mmHg, dan terapi di ICU disesuaikan dengan hasil ini untuk menurunkan TIK nya.Pembahasan: Laporan kasus kami ini memberikan gambaran bahwa pemeriksaan sonografi bola mata pasien yang dilakukan oleh klinisi ICU dapat memperkirakan tekanan intrakranial pasien secara cepat dan akurat. ONSD dengan cut off > 5 mm dapat memperkirakan TIK > 20 mmHg. Pada pasien kasus 1, 2, 4 didapatkan ONSD melebihi 5 mm pada kedua bola mata dan TIK diperkirakan melebihi 20 mmHg. Segala terapi yang bertujuan menurunkan TIK telah dilakukan kecuali kraniotomi dekompresi pada 2 pasien (kasus 1, dan kasus 2). Pemeriksaan ONSD juga memberikan informasi kepada klinisi tentang prognosis pasien. Hal ini menjadi penting saat memberikan informasi kepada keluarga pasien dan untuk rencana terapi selanjutnya. Pengukuran ONSD akan sangat bermanfaat dalam merubah keluaran pasien jika diukur pada fase awal dan dapat merubah terapi sesuai hasil ONSD. Pemeriksaan ONSD juga memeiliki keterbatasan yaitu sangat tergantung pada kemampuan operator sonografinya.Kesimpulan: Ini adalah laporan pertama di unit perawatan intensif kami berkenaan dengan metode pengukuran TIK non invasif. Diperlukan penelitian prospektif mengenai akurasi hasil antara pemeriksa, dan kegunaannya pada fase awal pasien cidera kepala (di ruang resusitasi) atau pasien yang beresiko mengalami peningkatan TIK.
General Anesthesia Technique in Tetralogy of Fallot Patient Undergo Tooth Extraction Surgery
Authors: Cahyono Iwan Dwi , Satoto Hari Hendriarto , Martyarini Shazita Adiba 
Published: July 2019

Background: Tetralogy of fallot is one of the congenital cyanotic heart disease that is often found in children. The disorder has four features, a ventricular septal defect (VSD), aortic overriding, infundibulary stenotic, and hypertrophy right ventricular. Like other congenital heart disease, tetralogy of fallot sometimes related to fatal complications, such as bacterial endocarditis which was related to dental infections. Anesthetic management in tetralogy of Fallot is often described in patients with known cardiac disease. Perioperative considerations include preoperative preparation for surgery, intraoperative anesthetic management, and common postoperative issues in the intensive care unit.Case: A three-year-old boy had history of Tetralogy of Fallot. He has many severe early childhood caries. From the physical examination, many severe caries and roots gangrene was found in both jaws. He was planned to get teeth extraction under general anesthesia.Discussion: Tetralogy of fallot (TOF) is a congenital cyanotic heart disease that is often found in children, approximately around of 7–10% from overall congenital heart disease in children. Children with TOF have an increased risk of bacterial endocarditis. Invasive procedure was performed under general anesthesia. Patient was successfully operated under general anesthesia.Conclusion: Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital cyanogenic heart disease that is a challenge for anesthetist. General anesthesia is the best suitable anesthetic technique in instable patient.
Criteria for strict monotonicity of the mixed volume of convex polytopes
Authors: Bihan Frédéric , Soprunov Ivan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Let P
1, …, Pn
and Q
1, …, Qn
be convex polytopes in ℝ
n
with Pi
⊆ Qi
. It is well-known that the mixed volume is monotone: V(P
1, …, Pn
) ≤ V(Q
1, …, Qn
). We give two criteria for when this inequality is strict in terms of essential collections of faces as well as mixed polyhedral subdivisions. This geometric result allows us to characterize sparse polynomial systems with Newton polytopes P
1, …, Pn
whose number of isolated solutions equals the normalized volume of the convex hull of P
1 ∪ … ∪ Pn
. In addition, we obtain an analog of Cramer’s rule for sparse polynomial systems.
Locke’s Principle of Proportionality
Authors: Boespflug Mark 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Locke’s principle of proportionality – among his most important contributions to philosophy – states that we ought to apportion our assent to a given proposition in accord with the probability of that proposition on an adequate body of evidence. I argue that treatments of Locke’s principle fail to avoid interpreting it as a fundamentally doxastic prescription – a precept concerning how we ought to voluntarily control our assent. These interpretations are problematic on account of their implications concerning the degree of control that agents have over the doxastic process, and on account of how they cohere with numerous texts in the Essay. I suggest that the principle, instead, commends that we engage in certain activities, or practices, that tend to produce true beliefs.
Explainable software systems
Authors: Vogelsang Andreas 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Software and software-controlled technical systems play an increasing role in our daily lives. In cyber-physical systems, which connect the physical and the digital world, software does not only influence how we perceive and interact with our environment but software also makes decisions that influence our behavior. Therefore, the ability of software systems to explain their behavior and decisions will become an important property that will be crucial for their acceptance in our society. We call software systems with this ability explainable software systems. In the past, we have worked on methods and tools to design explainable software systems. In this article, we highlight some of our work on how to design explainable software systems. More specifically, we describe an architectural framework for designing self-explainable software systems, which is based on the MAPE-loop for self-adaptive systems. Afterward, we show that explainability is also important for tools that are used by engineers during the development of software systems. We show examples from the area of requirements engineering where we use techniques from natural language processing and neural networks to help engineers comprehend the complex information structures embedded in system requirements.
Change in fetal behavior in response to vibroacoustic stimulation
Authors: Ogo Kaoru , Kanenishi Kenji , Mori Nobuhiro , AboEllail Mohamed Ahmed Mostafa , Hata Toshiyuki 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Objective
To assess fetal behavioral changes in response to vibroacoustic stimulation (VAS) in normal singleton pregnancies using four-dimensional (4D) ultrasound.

Methods
Ten types of fetal movements and facial expressions in 68 healthy pregnant women between 24 and 40 weeks were studied using 4D ultrasound for 3 min before and after 3-s VAS. The frequencies of mouthing, yawning, tongue expulsion, back arch, jerky arm movement, startle movement, smiling, scowling, hand-to-face movement, and blinking were evaluated. The fetuses were subdivided into four gestational age groups (24–27, 28–31, 32–35, and ≥36 weeks). Comparison of the frequencies of the fetal behaviors before and after the stimulation in each gestational age group was conducted to detect the response to stimulation with advancing gestation.

Results
There were no significant differences in the frequency of each fetal behavior before and after VAS at 24–27, 28–31, and 32–35 weeks of gestation. However, the frequencies of blinking and startle movements were significantly higher after VAS in the 36–40 gestational age group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
The age of 36 weeks of gestation might represent an advanced stage of brain and central nervous system development and maturation as the response to stimuli is prominent at this age compared with earlier gestation.
Ferroelectric polarization in multiferroics
Authors: Krohns Stephan , Lunkenheimer Peter 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMultiferroic materials, showing ordering of both electrical and magnetic degrees of freedom, are promising candidates enabling the design of novel electronic devices. Various mechanisms ranging from geometrically or spin-driven improper ferroelectricity via lone-pairs, charge-order or -transfer support multiferroicity in single-phase or composite compounds. The search for materials showing these effects constitutes one of the most important research fields in solid-state physics during the last years, but scientific interest even traces back to the middle of the past century. Especially, a potentially strong coupling between spin and electric dipoles captured the interest to control via an electric field the magnetization or via a magnetic field the electric polarization. This would imply a promising route for novel electronics. Here, we provide a review about the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of various multiferroic systems ranging from type I multiferroics, in which magnetic and ferroelectric order develop almost independently of each other, to type II multiferroics, which exhibit strong coupling of magnetic and ferroelectric ordering. We thoroughly discuss the dielectric signatures of the ferroelectric polarization for BiFeO3, Fe3O4, DyMnO3and an organic charge-transfer salt as well as show electric-field poling studies for the hexagonal manganites and a spin-spiral system LiCuVO4.
Flüchtlinge, Terroristen, Freiheitskämpfer?
Authors: Hardt Lucas 
Published: July 2019

Vorspann
Die Dekolonisierung der 1950er und 1960er Jahre ging an der Bundesrepublik scheinbar spurlos vorüber, hatte Deutschland doch alle seine Besitzungen in Übersee schon nach der Niederlage im Ersten Weltkrieg verloren. Allerdings wurden Politik und Gesellschaft wiederholt mit Problemen konfrontiert, die das zumeist von Gewalt begleitete Ende der europäischen Kolonialreiche mit sich brachte. Lucas Hardt zeigt am Beispiel des Unabhängigkeitskriegs in Algerien auf, wie Bund und Länder im Spannungsfeld von Ausländer- und Asylrecht, Außenpolitik und wirtschaftlichen Interessen auf die Herausforderung antworteten, die von nordafrikanischen Migranten ausging. Von besonderer Bedeutung waren dabei die deutsch-französischen Beziehungen, die der vielleicht wichtigste Katalysator für die Herausbildung administrativer Verfahrensweisen waren, die Lucas Hardt als „westdeutsches Algerier-Regime“ bezeichnet.
O componente étnico no licenciamento ambiental de grandes projetos de desenvolvimento: a invisibilização das comunidades quilombolas de Santarém/PA
Authors: Pérez Diego 
Published: July 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma reflexão sobre algumas das limitações que um licenciamento ambiental de um grande projeto de desenvolvimento pode apresentar ao lidar com a presença de grupos organizados a partir do reconhecimento das suas respectivas identidades étnicas. Dessa forma, serão abordados aspectos do processo de invisibilização de comunidades quilombolas representadas pela Federação das Organizações Quilombolas de Santarém (FOQS/PA). Isso será feito a partir da análise dos Estudos e Relatórios de Impacto Ambiental (EIA/RIMA) elaborados para responder a viabilidade ou não da construção de um porto exportador de grãos sólidos, que seria construído como parte de um projeto desenvolmentista para a região norte do país. Abstract: The purpose of this article is to reflect on some of the limitations that environmental licensing of a major development project can present when dealing with the presence of organized groups from the recognition of their respective ethnic identities. In this way, aspects of the process of invisibilization of quilombola communities organized around the Federation of Quilombola’s Organizations of Santarém (FOQS/PA) will be approached. This will be done by analyzing the Environmental Impact Studies and Reports (EIA / RIMA) prepared to answer the feasibility or otherwise of the construction of a solid grain export port, which would be built as part of a development project for the northern region of the country
Acesso de indígenas e quilombolas na Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana - UEFS
Authors: Figueiredo Otto Vinicius Agra 
Published: July 2019

O artigo se insere na área de estudo das políticas de ações afirmativas no ensino superior brasileiro caracterizadas pela inclusão de estudantes negros, de baixa renda, oriundos de escolas públicas, indígenas e quilombolas. O principal objetivo é analisar parte dos dados sobre o acesso de estudantes indígenas e quilombolas na Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS). Utilizou-se de pesquisa bibliográfica, que apresenta lacunas quanto à produção científica sobre a presença de indígenas e quilombolas nas universidades brasileiras, bem como análise documental, notadamente o Relatório da Política de Ações Afirmativas da UEFS: o sistema de reserva de vagas (2007-2017). Os resultados apontam que as ações afirmativas têm potencial para promover a diversidade social e étnico-racial na universidade, mas no caso da UEFS, no período analisado, os dados indicam que a reserva de vagas não garantiu a inclusão de indígenas e quilombolas de forma satisfatória. Aponta-se a importância de estudos que respondam aos desafios da inclusão educacional de indígenas e quilombolas no ensino superior brasileiro. Abstract: The article is part of the study area of affirmative action policies in Brazilian higher education characterized by the inclusion of black low income students from public schools, indigenous and quilombolas. The main objective is to analyze part of the data about the access of indigenous and quilombolas students at the State University of Feira de Santana (UEFS). We used bibliographic research, which presents gaps in the scientific production about the presence of indigenous and quilombolas in Brazilian universities, as well as documentary analysis, notably the UEFS Affirmative Action Policy Report: the reserve system of vacancies (2007- 2017). The results indicate that affirmative actions have the potential to promote social and ethnic-racial diversity in the university, but in the case of UEFS, in the analyzed period, the data indicate that the reservation of vacancies did not guarantee the inclusion of natives and quilombolas in a satisfactory way . It is pointed out the importance of studies that respond to the challenges of the educational inclusion of natives and quilombolas in Brazilian higher education.
Method of smoothing photoluminescence spectra
Authors: Kovalenko O. V. , Vovk S. M. , Plakhtii Ye. G. 
Published: July 2019

The smoothing method for experimental photoluminescence spectra, which uses Tikhonov regularization method, is proposed. Smoothing problem statement is performed as a statement of the minimization problem based on the least squares criterion. The functional to be minimized is a compound of two terms. The first one is the basic term, which determines the quality of data approximation provided by smooth function. The second one is the regularization term, which sets a constraint on the energy by smooth function derivative of a given order. A solution of the smoothing problem is obtained in the closed form analytically. The solution can be implemented by a simple array of matrix operations; one of those is an operation of matrix inversion. The necessity of matrix inversion imposes constraints on the order of derivative used in the proposed method and on noise level. It is related to the increase of either the order of derivative at the given noise level in data or the noise level at the given order of derivative, that deteriorates the conditionality of a matrix to be inverted and limits the scope of the proposed method, accordingly. Efficiency comparison of the proposed smoothing method, the Savitzky-Golay method, and the moving average method was performed by the numerical simulation of two models of photoluminescence spectra. Their advantages, disadvantages, and also the scopes of applicability are noted. The best values of operating parameters of these methods for the different noise levels in data were obtained. The conditions, under which the potential capabilities of the proposed smoothing method excel the potential possibilities of Savitzky-Golay method, were indicated. The results of smoothing the experimental photoluminescence spectra obtained for ZnO:Mn nanocrystals and ZnS:Mn crystals are provided.
Antibacterial pigment production by Serratia marcescens using different casein types obtained from milk
Authors: Palacio-Castañeda Valentina , Pérez-Hoyos Alejandra , Carrascal-Correa Daniel , Osorio-Echeverri Victor Manuel 
Published: July 2019

Prodigiosin, a pigment produced by Serratia marcescensinhibits the growth of different microorganisms and the proliferation of some human cancer cell lines. Prodigiosin is usually produced by fermentations of substrates such as starch and proteins, andpig-ment yield depends on the concentration of the carbon source, stirring speed of cultures, temperature and time of incubation,nitro-gen sources, and pH of medium. In the present study, pigment production was assessed using two types of casein as substrate; pigment yield was greater when casein precipitated with vinegar was used as substrate than when high purity casein was. The maxi-mum prodigiosin production was achieved with 10 g/L casein at pH 8.0. Additionally, supplementation of culture media with glu-cose was found to considerably decrease prodigiosin production and growth inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus, which is directly related to pigment yield. Production in stirred-tank bioreactor at 0.75 vvm aeration was higher than that at 0.5 and 1.0 vvm. Sub-strate type, concentration and pH affected pigment production in Erlenmeyer flasks, whereas aeration rate influenced pigment pro-duction in a stirred-tank bioreactor.