bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen deposition and heathland management cause multi‐element stoichiometric mismatches, reducing insect fitness
Authors: Vogels J. J. , Verberk W. C. E. P. , Kuper J. T. , Weijters M. J. , Verbaarschot E. , Lamers L. P. M. , Siepel H. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Increased nitrogen and acidifying deposition negatively affect biogeochemical cycles and nutrient stoichiometry, particularly in oligotrophic habitats. In heathlands, management aims to mitigate effects of deposition by topsoil removal (sod‐cutting) or by liming to increase soil pH. However, these management efforts may further exacerbate macro‐ and micronutrient stoichiometric mismatch, with cascading effects on heathland insects.

Here, we investigate the physiological mechanisms by which deposition and management affect insects, focusing on nutrient uptake and excretion. We combined a phosphorus (P) addition and liming experiment in previously sod‐cut heathland with laboratory‐rearing experiments using the field cricket (Gryllus campestris L., 1) as a model species. We hypothesized that P addition would benefit cricket performance by reducing food N:P ratio. Conversely, we hypothesized that liming would reduce performance by decreasing food Mn:Mg and/or Fe:Mg ratios.

Elemental uptake efficiency, consumption and reproduction, as well as cricket field density, were significantly higher under increased P availability, confirming insect P limitation in the field. Liming decreased food Mn:Mg ratio and reduced reproductive success, eliminating any beneficial effects of P addition. Moreover, cricket stoichiometry better explained growth rates than the amount of food consumed. The best model highlighted cricket N and Mn content, with increasing N content negatively influencing growth, while the opposite was true for Mn. We found no support for liming‐induced Fe limitation.

We propose that both P and Mn limit crickets independently. Specifically, P limitation affects growth via reduced ribosomal content, and Mn limitation impacts growth by limiting arginase activity and hence restricting the recycling of amino acids.

Our study shows that restoration management can fail to restore habitat quality for insects and may even amplify mismatches in macro and micronutrient stoichiometry. To address this, the addition of not only P but also Mn may be required as follow‐up management, but reducing N‐emission remains imperative as this removes the need for disruptive management interventions.

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Ecosystem transition due to deer overabundance: Insights from long‐term studies and future considerations
Authors: Suzuki Maki 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe overabundance of certain deer species is emerging as a critical issue in many forested regions across the Northern Hemisphere, including those in Japan. In the field of deer impact studies, the prevailing notion has been that overabundant deer populations could cause drastic changes of ecosystem states. This study comprises a review of the historical discussion surrounding ecosystem changes caused by deer overabundance, from theoretical frameworks to in situ observations and experiments. The synthesis highlights the potential for state transitions, shifting ecosystems from forest to nonforest states, and in some scenarios to a so‐called alternative stable states. However, detecting these transitions poses challenges due to the enduring impacts of past deer activity and the nonequilibrium nature of forest dynamics. Furthermore, this study reveals additional multifield complexities arising from the interactive effects of deer overabundance and global changes on future forest dynamics. To address these challenges, new avenues for research are proposed, emphasizing the importance of sustained efforts in conducting valuable long‐term studies.
A time‐varying and frequency‐dependent network of conventional and organic milk markets in France and Germany
Authors: Fousekis Panos 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis work investigates the linkages among conventional and organic milk markets in France and Germany using the flexible TVP‐VAR connectedness approach. Price connectedness tends to be stronger in the spatial than in the quality dimension of the market network. The bulk of the adjustments to incoming price innovations are completed beyond the 3‐month frequency range. Organic milk markets are more likely to be net‐transmitters of shocks to conventional markets. Total connectedness has not been increasing. The strength of price spillovers between market pairs varies widely with time; their pattern does not, thus pointing to a fairly stable internal network structure.
Protocol for scoping review: Mapping the landscape of acute pain management in sports‐related musculoskeletal injuries
Authors: Abdul Khalek Ibrahim Mohammed , Mert Zeynep N. , Møller Ann Merete 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundAcute pain management is critical in sports‐related musculoskeletal injuries to facilitate recovery and minimize long‐term impact. While current practices vary, incorporating both pharmacological and non‐pharmacological approaches, the quality and breadth of existing evidence have not been thoroughly assessed. This scoping review aims to explore the clinical role of different pain management strategies and provide a comprehensive overview of the field.MethodsThe review will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews and adhere to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐ScR) guidelines. Searches will be conducted in major peer‐reviewed databases and relevant gray literature. Studies involving athletes of any level undergoing treatment for acute musculoskeletal injuries will be considered. Data extraction will include study and participant characteristics, intervention details, reported outcomes, efficacy comparisons, and economic analyses.ResultsThis review will provide a descriptive synthesis of the data, utilizing statistical analysis, figures, and tables where relevant to introduce the different treatment modalities. In line with PRISMA‐P and PRISMA‐ScR guidelines, this scoping review incorporates studies of diverse designs. The data synthesis involves descriptive statistics and narrative presentations, aimed at exploring the relationship between study results and research objectives.ConclusionThis scoping review will evaluate various pain management interventions for acute musculoskeletal injuries in sports, mapping the current evidence and identifying gaps in research. The findings will help inform clinical practices and guide future research efforts to optimize pain management strategies in sports medicine.
Embryonic and Pre‐Larval Developmental Patterns in Cryptocentroides arabicus (Teleostei, Gobiidae)
Authors: Sadeghi Yeganeh , Motamedi Mina , Shoaleh Vahid , Esmaeili Hamid Reza 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe Arabian goby, Cryptocentroides arabicus (Gobiidae: Gobiinae), is a significant species in marine and brackish water ecosystems. However, limited information is available about the reproductive biology and the early life history of this species. This study aimed to understand the embryonic and pre‐larval development of C. arabicus under controlled laboratory conditions using light microscopy. Ten fish pairs were placed in five 70‐L glass aquaria, and environmental parameters were carefully monitored. After 4 months, spawning began, with each event yielding between 700 and 1500 eggs, totaling 10 spawning events. The elliptical‐shaped eggs, measuring 3.9 ± 0.1 mm in length and 1.6 mm in maximum width, hatched after 7 days and 4 h at a water temperature of 28°C. This process resulted in the identification of eight distinct larval developmental stages. Parental care by both the male and female was observed during the incubation period. Documenting the morphological changes during incubation contributes to a better understanding of the reproductive behaviour and early life history of C. arabicus. This is essential for the conservation management of marine and brackish water environments.
A Prospective Study on the Prevalence of MASLD in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Hyperferritinaemia
Authors: Amangurbanova Maral , Huang Daniel Q. , Noureddin Nabil , Tesfai Kaleb , Bettencourt Richelle , Siddiqi Harris , Lopez Scarlett J. , Cervantes Vanessa , Madamba Egbert , Loomba Rohit 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundElevated levels of serum ferritin, a marker of hepatic iron overload and inflammation, may be associated with metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and hepatic fibrosis.AimTo determine the prevalence of MASLD and significant hepatic fibrosis among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hyperferritinaemia.MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional analysis of a prospective cohort of 523 adults (64% female) aged 50–80 with T2DM and without a diagnosis of haemochromatosis. MASLD and significant fibrosis were defined as magnetic resonance imaging‐proton density fat fraction (MRI‐PDFF) ≥ 5% and magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) ≥ 3.0 kPa, respectively. Hyperferritinaemia was defined as serum ferritin ≥ 200 ng/mL in females or ≥ 300 ng/mL in males. The primary objective was to determine the prevalence of MASLD and significant fibrosis in hyperferritinaemia.ResultsThe mean age and body mass index were 64.1 (±8.1) years and 31.5 (±5.9) kg/m2, respectively. The overall prevalence of hyperferritinaemia was 20.5% (n = 107). The prevalence of MASLD (78.5% vs. 62.1%, p = 0.001) and significant fibrosis (35.5% vs. 22.1%, p = 0.002) were higher in participants with hyperferritinaemia than those without. Hyperferritinaemia remained an independent predictor of MASLD (OR 2.01; 95% CI 1.19–3.39; p = 0.009) and significant fibrosis (OR 2.33; CI 1.43–3.77; p = 0.001), even after adjustment for age, sex, obesity and insulin use.ConclusionApproximately 80% of people with hyperferritinaemia and T2DM have MASLD, and more than a third have significant hepatic fibrosis. Hyperferritinaemia may be a useful biomarker for MASLD and significant fibrosis in people with T2DM.
Negative media representations of young people during COVID related national lockdown increases young people's perceived stress
Authors: Bradshaw Daragh , Barry Kate , Griffin Siobhan , Jay Sarah , McHugh Cillian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is a destructive respiratory disease that has affected the lives of billions of people around the world. Researchers argue that a group‐based approach drawing on our membership of specific social groups, rather than appealing to our individual self‐interest, is necessary to combat the disease. Social groups who are perceived to be not adhering to national mitigation measures aimed at reducing the spread of the virus, are often portrayed negatively by the media. The current study examines the impact of negative media constructions of young peoples’ behavior during the COVID‐19 pandemic, specifically focusing on when these constructions have been contested by young people involved. A total of 789 young people were randomly assigned to read either a positive or negative description of young people's behavior during COVID‐19 restrictions. Results indicate that the type of article had no impact on behavioral outcomes or perceived stress. However, an interaction effect was noted where reading a negative article and disagreeing with the content increased individuals’ levels of perceived stress. Findings indicate that negative group‐based media constructions of behavior do not increase behavioral conformity but does undermine the mental health of those involved.
Service Providers' Perceptions of Psychological, Emotional, and Behavioral Issues Among Children and Adolescents During COVID‐19 in South Korea
Authors: Sohn Sunju , Jeong Jihyeong , Park Hyunyong 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTVarious emotional and psychological support services for children and adolescents were implemented in South Korea during the COVID‐19 era. However, little is known about the limitations and future directions of current support services from the perspective of service providers. The purpose of this study was to explore service providers' perspectives on emotional and psychological support services for children and adolescents. The present study purposively recruited 11 clinical practitioners providing support services for children and adolescents to conduct semistructured focus group interviews. Thematic analysis identified four major themes: (a) a noticeable increase in problematic behaviors among children and adolescents (e.g., intrinsic and extrinsic problem behaviors); (b) changes in service use patterns (e.g., increased non‐face‐to‐face services); (c) frustrations with inadequate support systems (e.g., the absence of qualified professionals); and (d) identifying future directions (e.g., improving awareness of support services). The findings highlight the necessity of enhancing awareness of how to access services by reducing stigma. The findings also emphasize the need for improved cooperation between public and private facilities, as well as a greater number of skilled professionals to provide high‐quality programs. The practical and political implications are discussed based on the findings.
METTL14 attenuates cancer stemness by suppressing ATF5/WDR74/β‐catenin axis in gastric cancer
Authors: Zhang Peiling , Xiang Hong , Peng Qian , Ma Lujuan , Weng Chengyin , Liu Guolong , Lu Lin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractStemness is a key factor contributing to treatment failure in gastric cancer (GC). Methyltransferase‐like 14 (METTL14) has been linked to various cancers, though its specific role in regulating stemness in GC remains undefined. In this study, we assessed METTL14 expression levels in GC tissues using public datasets and clinical specimens and investigated its impact on cell proliferation, metastasis, and stemness both in vitro and in vivo. Through m6A RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP) and luciferase reporter assays, we identified downstream targets of METTL14. Rescue assays were performed to examine whether METTL14 overexpression could reverse stemness in GC. We also explored the underlying mechanisms using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and western blot analysis, focusing on the role of ATF5 and the upstream regulation of METTL14. Our findings show that lower METTL14 expression is associated with poorer overall survival in GC patients. Functionally, METTL14 knockdown enhanced stemness traits in GC cells. Mechanistically, METTL14 facilitated m6A modification, promoting the degradation of ATF5 mRNA. Overexpression of ATF5 reversed the stemness inhibition caused by METTL14 overexpression by increasing WDR74 transcription and enhancing β‐catenin nuclear translocation. Furthermore, histone H3 lactylation at Lys18 was found to upregulate METTL14 expression. In conclusion, METTL14 knockdown promotes stemness in GC by mediating m6A modification of ATF5 mRNA, which activates the WDR74/β‐catenin axis, making METTL14 a potential therapeutic target for gastric cancer treatment.
CB1 Receptor Activation Provides Neuroprotection in an Animal Model of Glutamate‐Induced Excitotoxicity Through a Reduction of NOX‐2 Activity and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Martínez‐Torres Ari Misael , Morán Julio 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundExcitotoxicity is a process in which NADPH oxidase‐2 (NOX‐2) plays a pivotal role in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative stress influences the expression of Aquaporin 4 (AQP4), a water channel implicated in blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability and edema formation. The endocannabinoid system is widely distributed in the brain, particularly through the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) and type 2 (CB2), which have been shown to have a neuroprotective function in brain injury. Given the significant involvement of NOX‐2 in ROS production during excitotoxicity, our research aims to assess the participation of NOX‐2 in the neuroprotective effect of the cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN55,212‐2 against glutamate‐induced excitotoxicity damage in the striatum using in vivo model.MethodsWild‐type mice (C57BL/6) and NOX‐2 KO (gp91Cybbtm1Din/J) were stereotactically injected in the striatum with monosodium glutamate or vehicle. Subsequently, a group of mice was administered an intraperitoneal dose of WIN55,212‐2, AM251, or AM251/WIN55,212‐2 following the intracerebral injection. Motor activity was assessed, and the lesion was examined through histological sections stained with cresyl violet. Additionally, brain water content and Evans blue assay were conducted. The activity of NOX was quantified, and the protein expression of CB1, gp91phox, AQP4, Iba‐1, TNF‐α, and NF‐κB was analyzed using Western blot. Furthermore, ROS formation was measured through the DHE assay.ResultsThe activation of the endocannabinoid receptors demonstrated a neuroprotective response during excitotoxicity, meditated by NOX‐2. The reduction in ROS production led to a decrease in neuroinflammation, and AQP4 expression, resulting in reduced edema formation, and BBB permeability.ConclusionsDuring excitotoxic damage, WIN55,212‐2 inhibits NOX‐2‐induced ROS production, reducing brain injury.
Improving recovery after bowel cancer surgery: mixed methods feasibility study of a co‐produced information intervention (Recover Together)
Authors: Chapman Stephen J. , Ahmed Sadia , Cave Laurie , Morton Kate , Tiernan James P. , Limbert Samantha , Naylor Maureen , Vargas‐Palacios Armando , Lonsdale Maria D. S. , Davies Claire L. , Rousseau Nikki , Stocken Deborah D. , Jayne David G. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimRecovery after surgery for colorectal cancer is a complex process, involving numerous physiological, emotional, social and economic challenges. Good information is a key factor for enabling patients to recover well, but there is a paucity of evidence to guide how this should be done. A new information intervention (Recover Together) comprising a booklet, an online video and an inpatient goal board has been developed. This study explores its feasibility, as well as the feasibility of key study methods, during its first use in the United Kingdom National Health Service (NHS).MethodsThis is a mixed methods, multi‐centre, feasibility study of a complex intervention. A total of 105 participants undergoing oncological colorectal surgery will be recruited across three to four study sites in the UK. Participants will receive each component of the Recover Together intervention at defined timepoints before and during hospital admission. A series of patient‐centred outcome instruments will be administered in hospital and during follow‐up at 30 days and 6 months. Outcomes of feasibility will comprise the time taken to establish the intervention at participating sites, assessments of intervention fidelity and acceptability, as well as return rates of key clinical outcome instruments. The mixed methods design will comprise interviews and focus groups with patients and health professionals, non‐participant observation in ward areas and clinics, user‐specific video analytics and daily photographs of the goal boards.DiscussionThe findings of this study will provide a feasibility assessment of the Recover Together intervention when used for the first time in NHS practice. If shown to be feasible, this will guide the development of a future definitive study to explore the clinical and cost effectiveness of the Recover Together intervention to improve recovery after surgery.Clinical Trials RegistrationISRCTN62430915.
Australian psychologists' attitudes towards psychedelic‐assisted therapy and training following a world‐first drug down‐scheduling
Authors: Negrine Jordan J. , Puljević Cheneal , Ferris Jason , Liknaitzky Paul , Perlman Christopher , Piatkowski Timothy 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionThis study explores the attitudes of psychologists towards psychedelics and psychedelic‐assisted therapy (PAT) following the world‐first regulatory changes in 2023 in Australia which permitted psilocybin and 3,4‐methylenedioxy‐methamphetamine (MDMA) to be used in clinical services.MethodsA purposive sample of 20 Australian psychologists was recruited using snowball sampling. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted which explored participants' attitudes, knowledge and concerns about PAT. Data were coded and analysed to identify and develop theme categories.ResultsMost psychologists exhibited positive attitudes towards psychedelics and their therapeutic potential, viewing them as promising for addressing chronic mental health conditions like depression. However, there was a notable concern regarding the limited evidence on efficacy and potential adverse experiences, as well as the complexity of the individualised treatment protocol. Despite enthusiasm, many psychologists had limited detailed knowledge about the interventions themselves. The need for comprehensive education and training programs, including exposure to psychedelic experiences and credible higher education institutions, was emphasised to ensure competence in administering PAT.Discussion and ConclusionsPsychologists displayed notably positive attitudes towards PAT, likely reflecting both shifting perceptions of psychedelics and self‐selection bias within the sample. Despite this optimism, concerns were raised about psychiatric risks and the necessity for comprehensive and reputable training and supervision. The cohort showed openness to both novel treatments and innovative training methods, underscoring the importance of enhancing educational frameworks to ensure effective implementation of PAT.
Psychometric properties of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory – Patient Reported Outcome: A cognitively accessible measure of functional performance
Authors: Kramer Jessica M. , Ni Pengsheng , Pfeiffer Beth , Persch Andrew , Guerrero Calle Fiorella , Schwartz Ariel , Barbour Elizabeth , Davies Daniel K. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate the structural validity, internal reliability, and measurement invariance of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory – Patient Reported Outcome (PEDI‐PRO), a measure of functional performance of discrete tasks required to participate in everyday life situations important for adulthood.MethodThis was a cross‐sectional study with 306 young people aged 14 to 22 years (mean 18 years 10 months, SD 2 years 5 months) with developmental disabilities (43.1% autism spectrum disorder only, 23.9% intellectual disability, 17.6% other disability, 11.4% both autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability, 3.9% missing) completed the PEDI‐PRO. Following COnsensus‐based Standards for selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) criteria, we conducted a confirmatory factor analysis, applied a Rasch rating‐scale model, examined Cronbach's alpha, Rasch person reliability and separation coefficients, and differential item functioning (DIF).ResultsStructural validity was good for the daily activities and mobility domains, and acceptable for the social/cognitive domain. The 3‐point Likert response scale functioned as intended. All domains demonstrated acceptable internal consistency on all criteria. One or two items in each domain demonstrated DIF, but the impact on all domain scores was less than 1.0 threshold.InterpretationThe cognitively accessible design and innovative conceptual measurement framework probably contributed to these promising findings. The PEDI‐PRO addresses a gap in high‐quality patient‐reported outcome measures that assess priority outcomes for young people with developmental disabilities.