bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adjuvant therapy efficacy of Chinese drugs pharmaceutics for COPD patients with respiratory failure: a meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Chunqiu , Li Yin , Wang Xinqiu , Lu Tong , Wang Xuejing 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Western medicine combined with Tanreqing for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and respiratory failure. We comprehensively searched several online databases from the times of their inception to November 2018. The trial quality was assessed using the bias risk tool recommended by the Cochrane library. Relative risks (RRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for binary outcomes and weighted mean differences (MDs) with 95% CIs for continuous data were calculated. A fixed effect model indicated that integrated Tanreqing group experienced higher overall treatment effectiveness (RR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.17–1.30, P=0.000). Pooled results from random effects models indicated the oxygen partial pressure of the test group was significantly higher than that of the control groups (MD = 9.55, 95% CI: 4.57–14.52, P&lt;0.000). The carbon dioxide pressure of the test group was significantly lower than that of the control groups (MD = –6.06, 95% CI: –8.19 to –3.93, P=0.000). The lung function score of the test group was significantly higher than that of the control group (MD = 7.87, 95% CI: 4.45–11.29). Sensitivity analysis indicated that the data were statistically robust. Clinical effects of Western medicine combined with Tanreqing used to treat combined COPD/respiratory failure were better than those afforded by Western medicine; no serious adverse reactions were noted. However, publication bias was evident, and further trials with larger sample sizes are required.
A Review of the Psychosocial Impact of Posterior Fossa Syndrome
Authors: Romero Edna 
Published: February 2019

Purpose
Posterior fossa syndrome (PFS) is a constellation of neurological, behavioral, and emotional symptoms that affect approximately 5%–30% of pediatric patients following the resection of tumors in the posterior fossa region. The symptoms of PFS include a loss of speech followed by motor deficits and emotional and behavioral difficulties. Much of the research on PFS focuses on the speech and motor difficulties given they are the hallmark symptoms of the disorder. The emotional and behavioral symptoms, however, can also pose significant distress and impair functioning.

Conclusion
The focus of this review is to highlight the emotional and behavioral symptoms of PFS and provide information about general psychosocial supports and specific interventions for children and families affected by this condition.
Impact of photometric redshifts on the galaxy power spectrum and BAO scale in the LSST survey
Authors: Ansari Reza , Choyer Adeline , Habibi Farhang , Magneville Christophe , Moniez Marc , Plaszczynski Stéphane , Renault Cécile , Ricol Jean-Stéphane , Souchard Julien 
Published: February 2019

Context. The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) survey will image billions of galaxies every few nights for ten years, and as such, should be a major contributor to precision cosmology in the 2020s. High precision photometric data will be available in six bands, from near-infrared to near-ultraviolet. The computation of precise, unbiased, photometric redshifts up to at leastz = 2 is one of the main LSST challenges and its performance will have major impact on all extragalactic LSST sciences.Aims. We evaluate the efficiency of our photometric redshift reconstruction on mock galaxy catalogues up toz = 2.45 and estimate the impact of realistic photometric redshift (photo-z) reconstruction on the large-scale structures (LSS) power spectrum and the baryonic acoustic oscillation (BAO) scale determination for a LSST-like photometric survey. We study the effectiveness of the BAO scale as a cosmological probe in the LSST survey.Methods. We have performed a detailed modelling of the photo-zdistribution as a function of galaxy type, redshift and absolute magnitude using our photo-zreconstruction code with a quality selection cut based on a boosted decision tree (BDT). We have simulated a catalogue of galaxies in the redshift range [0.2−2.45] using the Planck 2015 ΛCDM cosmological parameters over 10 000 square-degrees, in the six bands, assuming LSST photometric precision for a ten-year survey. The mock galaxy catalogues were produced with several redshift error models. The LSS power spectrum was then computed in several redshift ranges and for each error model. Finally we extracted the BAO scale and its uncertainty using only the linear part of the LSS spectrum.Results. We have computed the fractional error on the recovered power spectrum which is dominated by the shot noise at high redshift (z ≳ 1), for scalesk ≳ 0.1, due to the photo-zdamping. The BAO scale can be recovered with a percent or better accuracy level fromz = 0.5 toz = 1.5 using realistic photo-zreconstruction.Conclusions. Reaching the LSST requirements for photo-zreconstruction is crucial to exploit the LSST potential in cosmology, in particular to measure the LSS power spectrum and its evolution with redshift. Although the BAO scale is not the most powerful cosmological probe in LSST, it can be used to check the consistency of the LSS measurement. Moreover we show that the impact of photo-zsmearing on the recovered isotropic BAO scale in LSST should stay limited up toz ≈ 1.5, so as long as the galaxy number density balances the photo-zsmoothing.
EVN observations of 6.7 GHz methanol maser polarization in massive star-forming regions
Authors: Surcis G. , Vlemmings W. H. T. , van Langevelde H. J. , Hutawarakorn Kramer B. , Bartkiewicz A. 
Published: February 2019

Context. Magnetohydrodynamical simulations show that the magnetic field can drive molecular outflows during the formation of massive protostars. The best probe to observationally measure both the morphology and the strength of this magnetic field at scales of 10–100 au is maser polarization.
Aims. We measure the direction of magnetic fields at milliarcsecond resolution around a sample of massive star-forming regions to determine whether there is a relation between the orientation of the magnetic field and of the outflows. In addition, by estimating the magnetic field strength via the Zeeman splitting measurements, the role of magnetic field in the dynamics of the massive star-forming region is investigated.
Methods. We selected a flux-limited sample of 31 massive star-forming regions to perform a statistical analysis of the magnetic field properties with respect to the molecular outflows characteristics. We report the linearly and circularly polarized emission of 6.7 GHz CH3OH masers towards seven massive star-forming regions of the total sample with the European VLBI Network. The sources are: G23.44−0.18, G25.83−0.18, G25.71−0.04, G28.31−0.39, G28.83−0.25, G29.96−0.02, and G43.80−0.13.
Results. We identified a total of 219 CH3OH maser features, 47 and 2 of which showed linearly and circularly polarized emission, respectively. We measured well-ordered linear polarization vectors around all the massive young stellar objects and Zeeman splitting towards G25.71−0.04 and G28.83−0.25. Thanks to recent theoretical results, we were able to provide lower limits to the magnetic field strength from our Zeeman splitting measurements.
Conclusions. We further confirm (based on ∼80% of the total flux-limited sample) that the magnetic field on scales of 10–100 au is preferentially oriented along the outflow axes. The estimated magnetic field strength of |B||| > 61 mG and >21 mG towards G25.71−0.04 and G28.83−0.25, respectively, indicates that it dominates the dynamics of the gas in both regions.
Topological model of the anemone microflares in the solar chromosphere
Authors: Dumin Yu. V. , Somov B. V. 
Published: February 2019

Context. The chromospheric anemone microflares, which were discovered by Hinode satellite about a decade ago, are specific transient phenomena starting from a few luminous ribbons on the chromospheric surface and followed by an eruption upward. While the eruptive stage was studied in sufficient detail, a quantitative theory of formation of the initial multi-ribbon structure remains undeveloped until now.
Aims. We construct a sufficiently simple but general model of the magnetic field sources that is able to reproduce all the observed types of luminous ribbons by varying only a single parameter.
Methods. As a working tool, we employed the Gorbachev–Kel’ner–Somov–Shvarts (GKSS) model of the magnetic field, which was originally suggested about three decades ago to explain fast ignition of the magnetic reconnection over considerable spatial scales by tiny displacements of the magnetic sources. Quite unexpectedly, this model turns out to be efficient for the description of generic multi-ribbon structures in the anemone flares as well.
Results. As follows from our numerical simulation, displacement of a single magnetic source (sunspot) with respect to three other sources results in a complex transformation from three to four ribbons and then again to three ribbons, but with an absolutely different arrangement. Such structures closely resemble the observed patterns of emission in the anemone microflares.
Comparative analysis of the influence of Sgr A* and nearby active galactic nuclei on the mass loss of known exoplanets
Authors: Wisłocka A. M. , Kovačević A. B. , Balbi A. 
Published: February 2019

Context. The detailed evolution of exoplanetary atmospheres has been the subject of decade-long studies. Only recently, investigations began on the possible atmospheric mass loss caused by the activity of galactic central engines. This question has so far been explored without using available exoplanet data.
Aims. The goal of this paper is to improve our knowledge of the erosion of exoplanetary atmospheres through radiation from supermassive black holes (SMBHs) undergoing an active galactic nucleus (AGN) phase.
Methods. To this end, we extended the well-known energy-limited mass-loss model to include the case of radiation from AGNs. We set the fraction of incident power ɛ available to heat the atmosphere as either constant (ɛ = 0.1) or flux dependent (ɛ = ɛ(FXUV)). We calculated the possible atmospheric mass loss for 54 known exoplanets (of which 16 are hot Jupiters residing in the Galactic bulge and 38 are Earth-like planets, EPs) due to radiation from the Milky Way’s (MW) central SMBH, Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), and from a set of 107 220 AGNs generated using the 33 350 AGNs at z < 0.5 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey database.
Results. We found that planets in the Galactic bulge might have lost up to several Earth atmospheres in mass during the AGN phase of Sgr A*, while the EPs are at a safe distance from Sgr A* (>7 kpc) and have not undergone any atmospheric erosion in their lifetimes. We also found that the MW EPs might experience a mass loss up to ~15 times the Mars atmosphere over a period of 50 Myr as the result of exposure to the cumulative extreme-UV flux FXUV from the AGNs up to z = 0.5. In both cases we found that an incorrect choice of ɛ can lead to significant mass loss overestimates.
MicroRNA Profile and Adaptive Response to Exercise Training: A Review
Authors: Domańska-Senderowska Daria , Laguette Mary-Jessica , Jegier Anna , Cięszczyk Paweł , September Alison , Brzeziańska-Lasota Ewa 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMicroRNAs are small non-coding regulatory RNAs which may be released into the systemic circulation as a consequence of the body's adaptation to exercise. The expression profile of circulating miRNAs (ci-miRNAs) has been proposed as a potential diagnostic biomarker for adaptive responses of particular systems to physical exertion. Several miRNAs are recognized as regulators of signalling pathways such as the IGF1/PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis, relevant to exercise adaptation. MicroRNA levels may fluctuate depending on training type/exercise regimen in correlation with phenotypic features such as VO2 max. Muscle-specific miRNAs have been proposed as regulators of skeletal muscle/myocardial interactions during physical exertion, thereby facilitating adaptation. Differential expression of miRNAs may relate to molecular patterns of communication triggered during/after exercise as response, recovery and adaptation mechanisms to training load. This review highlights recent findings and the potential significance of specific miRNAs in the process of exercise adaptation. Altered ci-miRNA profiles following exercise suggest that they may be useful biomarkers of health and adaptation to intervention strategies. Identification of the concert of miRNA expression signatures together with their targets is critical towards understanding gene regulation in this context. Understanding how the external environment influences gene expression via miRNAs will provide insight into potential therapeutic target strategies for disease.
Soft Tissue Augmentation Using Free Tissue Transfer for Artificial Bone Infection or Skull Bone Sequestration after Neurosurgery
Authors: Okochi Masayuki , Okochi Hiromi , Sakaba Takao , Ueda Kazuki 
Published: February 2019

Background We performed soft tissue augmentation using free flap and secondary cranioplasty combined with soft tissue augmentation for cases with artificial or autologous skull exposure after neurosurgery. We evaluated operative result and the relationship between the cause of infection and the infected site.
Methods Twenty-four patients were included. Data included age, sex, indications for neurosurgery, causes of infection, infection sites, medical comorbidities, time between last neurosurgery and reconstruction, types of reconstruction, and types of secondary cranioplasty.
Results The causes of neurosurgery were subarachnoid hemorrhage (n = 9), trauma (n = 5), brain tumor (n = 5), brain hemorrhage (n = 3), and meningioma (n = 3). The mean size of infected bone was 67.3 cm2. The mean duration between last neurosurgery and reconstruction was 5.2 years. Types of infected bone were artificial bone (n = 19) and autologous skull (n = 6). The soft tissue augmentation was performed using latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap (n = 14) and anterolateral thigh flap (n = 10). The infection sites were the frontal (n = 13), temporal (n = 4), parietal (n = 4), and occipital regions (n = 4). Bone defects included the frontal sinus in all patients who had infections in the frontal region. The patients who had infections in non-frontal region received multiple surgeries (n = 7). Nine patients received secondary cranioplasty using custom-made hydroxyapatite block.
Conclusion To achieve good results during soft tissue augmentation, the cause of infection should be eliminated.
Hypomyelinating Leukodystrophy with Spinal Cord Involvement Caused by a Novel Variant in RARS: Report of Two Unrelated Patients
Authors: Rezaei Zahra , Hosseinpour Sareh , Ashrafi Mahmoud , Mahdieh Nejat , Alizadeh Houman , Mohammadpour Masoud , Khosroshahi Nahideh , Amanat Man , Tavasoli Ali 
Published: February 2019

AbstractLeukodystrophies are heterogeneous group of genetic white matter disorders with a wide range of neurologic and systemic manifestations. Defects in genes encoding aminoacyl tRNA (transfer ribonucleic acid) synthetase enzymes (aaRSs) are recently identified as the etiology of some leukodystrophies. Herein, we described two unrelated children referred to Children's Medical Center, Tehran, Iran, with developmental delay, nystagmus, seizures, psuedo-bulbar palsy and dystonia. Whole exome sequencing (WES) in both patients identified a homozygous (c.2T > C) variant in exon one of RARS gene, encoding cytoplasmic arginyl-tRNA synthetase. Our finding was confirmed by segregation analysis. In silico analyses of the c.2T > C variant showed its possible pathogenic role due to the absence of the start codon. Severe hypomyelination was the common neuroimaging finding of both cases. Spinal cord involvement was found in one of our patients which was not previously reported in studies. We, therefore, showed that RARS-related hypomyelination might affect spinal cord.
NOTCH1 signaling induces pathological vascular permeability in diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Miloudi Khalil , Oubaha Malika , Ménard Catherine , Dejda Agnieszka , Guber Vera , Cagnone Gael , Wilson Ariel M. , Tétreault Nicolas , Mawambo Gaëlle , Binet Francois , Chidiac Rony , Delisle Chantal , Buscarlet Manuel , Cerani Agustin , Crespo-Garcia Sergio , Bentley Katie , Rezende Flavio , Joyal Jean-Sebastien , Mallette Frédérick A. , Gratton Jean-Philippe , Larrivée Bruno , Sapieha Przemyslaw 
Published: February 2019

Significance
Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of blindness in the working population. The most common cause of visual impairment in diabetic patients is diabetic macular edema (DME). Roughly 40% of patients with DME respond poorly to anti-VEGF therapies, which are a standard of care. Here we provide mechanistic insight for the critical role of NOTCH1 signaling in compromising endothelial junction integrity during diabetes. Besides activating canonical transcriptional pathways, we find that NOTCH1 signaling also provokes disruption of endothelial junctions via noncanonical mechanisms, such as production of nitric oxide and activation of Src signaling, leading to vascular endothelial-cadherin and β-catenin dissociation. Our findings have implications for future therapeutic interventions given that we find elevated NOTCH1 ligands in the vitreous of patients with DME and that their neutralization decreases pathologic vascular permeability.
France
Authors: Campbell Gordon 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
‘France’ explains how in early French estates the house and garden were usually designed independently. Distinctive features of 16th-century French gardens were the presence of a canal and plantings arranged in the flat ornamental flower gardens known as parterres. The apogee of French garden art is the 17th-century formal garden known as the jardin à la française, characterized by geometry. The greatest and most influential exponent was André Le Nôtre, who was responsible for the gardens at Versailles. The principal innovations of the 18th century were the jardin anglo-chinois, the ferme ornée, the fabrique, and the jardin anglais. French garden design in the 19th and 20th centuries is also discussed.
America, Africa, and Australia
Authors: Campbell Gordon 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
‘America, Africa, and Australia’ provides highlights of garden history in North America, Central America, South America, South Africa, and Australia. North America’s earliest traditional gardens were influenced by the settlers from Spain, France, the Netherlands, and England. After independence, garden design was transformed by designers such as Frederick Law Olmsted, the Colonial Revival movement, the Prairie School, and the California Style. The most important gardens in Central America are in Mexico and, in South America, the move away from European styles was led by the Brazilian plantsman and designer Roberto Burle Marx. Australia’s most important and influential garden designers have been William Guilfoyle and Edna Walling.
Property Tax Incidence on Cropland Cash Rent
Authors: Dinterman Robert , Katchova Ani L 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe estimate the property tax incidence on rented cropland, defined as the extent to which landowners can increase cash rental rates to shift the tax burden of property tax to renters. Using Ohio's Current Agricultural Use Value (CAUV) Program, we are able to avoid issues where the market value of farmland determines the property tax as CAUV assesses farmland in Ohio based on a use‐value formula with historical and state‐wide prices, yields, and costs of corn, soybeans, and wheat. Our results indicate that cash rental rates in Ohio from 2008 through 2017 increased between $0.31 to $0.40 for each additional dollar of property tax levied on cropland in the short run. Further specifications taking into account lagged effects of property tax indicates a higher incidence of $0.61 higher cash rent for each additional dollar of property tax, although this is dispersed over a 3‐year time period.
Pharmacokinetics and safety of extended-release divalproex sodium tablets: morning versus evening administration
Authors: Dutta Sandeep , Reed Ronald C. , Cavanaugh John H. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Purpose: The pharmacokinetics and safety of 1000-mg extended-release divalproex sodium given once daily either in the morning or evening were compared.
Methods: Healthy volunteers 19-55 years of age were enrolled in this open-label, parallel-design study. Subjects were randomized to receive extended-release divalproex either in the morning or in the evening. Blood samples were taken immediately before and at 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124.5, 126, 127.5, 129, 130.5, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136.5, 138, 139.5, 141, 142.5, and 144 hours after the first dose of each six-day regimen. Plasma samples were assayed for total valproic acid concentrations using gas chromatography. Valproic acid pharmacokinetic values were measured, and the safety of each regimen was evaluated.
Results: Mean steady-state valproic acid exposure, maximum concentration, and minimum concentration were 1771 mg x hr/L, 86.9 mg/L, and 55.5 mg/L for the morning dosing and 1728 mg x hr/L, 84.8 mg/L, and 57.4 mg/L for the evening dosing regimens, respectively. Adverse events reported by two or more subjects were abdominal pain and somnolence for the morning dosing regimen and asthenia, headache, and pain for the evening dosing regimen. All adverse events were mild or moderate; none caused subject withdrawal from the study. There were no significant differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters (p &gt; 0.51) and safety between groups. Diurnal variation in plasma valproic acid concentrations was minimal with once-daily administration of extended-release divalproex.
Conclusion: Evening once-daily administration of extended-release divalproex was not associated with substantial differences in pharmacokinetics or safety compared with morning once-daily administration.