bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic strategies for glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome
Authors: Tang Maoxue , Park Sarah H. , De Vivo Darryl C. , Monani Umrao R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractProper development and function of the mammalian brain is critically dependent on a steady supply of its chief energy source, glucose. Such supply is mediated by the glucose transporter 1 (Glut1) protein. Paucity of the protein stemming from mutations in the associated SLC2A1 gene deprives the brain of glucose and triggers the infantile‐onset neurodevelopmental disorder, Glut1 deficiency syndrome (Glut1 DS). Considering the monogenic nature of Glut1 DS, the disease is relatively straightforward to model and thus study. Accordingly, Glut1 DS serves as a convenient paradigm to investigate the more general cellular and molecular consequences of brain energy failure. Here, we review how Glut1 DS models have informed the biology of a prototypical brain energy failure syndrome, how these models are facilitating the development of promising new treatments for the human disease, and how important insights might emerge from the study of Glut1 DS to illuminate the myriad conditions involving the Glut1 protein.
Rising Mesopores to Realize Direct Electrochemistry of Glucose Oxidase toward Highly Sensitive Detection of Glucose
Authors: Liang Taotao , Zou Long , Guo Xiaogang , Ma Xiaoqing , Zhang Chenke , Zou Zhuo , Zhang Yuhuan , Hu Fangxin , Lu Zhisong , Tang Kanglai , Li Chang Ming 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDirect electrochemistry, a direct electron transfer process between enzymes and electrode possesses, has important fundamental significance in bioelectrochemistry while offering very efficient electrocatalysis for enzyme‐based sensors. Herein, the pore structure of bacterial cellulose porous carbon nanofibers (BPCNFs) is tailored by controlled thermal carbonization. It is discovered that rising mesopores can realize a fast direct electrochemistry of glucose oxidase (GOx) for highly sensitive detection of glucose, achieving a sensitivity of 123.28 µA mmol L−1 cm−2 and a detection limit of 0.023 µmol L−1. The enhancement mechanism for the mesopores is ascribed to the most adequate mesopores of BPCNF900, which offer size‐matched “nests” to trap GOx for intimate contacts with the conductive carbon nanofiber enabling fast direct electrochemistry. In addition, with the BPCNF900 sensing platform, the mechanisms for GOx‐direct‐electrochemistry‐catalyzed glucose oxidation and oxygen reduction are systematically investigated to further clarify the confusions of glucose sensing in air and N2‐saturated solutions. This work demonstrates fundamental insights for the direct electrochemistry enabled by rationally designing a pore structure matching the target proteins, thus possessing universal significance in protein‐based electrochemical devices while offering a facile route to fabricate a highly sensitive glucose sensor for practical clinic diagnosis.
Quantum Yield‐Engineered Biocompatible Probes Illuminate Lung Tumor Based on Viscosity Confinement‐Mediated Antiaggregation
Authors: Zhang Kun , Li Hong‐Yan , Lang Jin‐Yi , Li Xiao‐Tong , Yue Wen‐Wen , Yin Yi‐Fei , Du Dou , Fang Yan , Wu Hong , Zhao Yong‐Xiang , Xu Chuan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLow quantum yield and aggregation‐mediated quenching are two concerns for fluorescence imaging. However, there are not yet general means available for addressing these issues. Herein, a viscosity confinement‐mediated antiaggregation strategy is established to enable the improved fluorescence properties of entrapped fluorophores in dye‐encapsulation nanotechnology including quantum yield, fluorescence lifetime, and photostability. To instantiate this strategy, solid DL‐menthol (DLM) is introduced to disperse entrapped indocyanine green (ICG) fluorophores when coencapsulating DLM and ICG molecules in organic poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) carriers. Depending on the robust ability of highly viscous DLM to augment the migration barrier and diminish diffusion coefficient, ICG aggregation and aggregation‐mediated quenching are demonstrated to be theoretically and experimentally inhibited, resulting in prolonged fluorescence lifetime, increased quantum yield, and facilitated radiative process. Consequently, the fluorescence imaging ability and photostability are significantly improved, enabling the in vitro, cellular‐level, and in vivo fluorescence imaging. More significantly, this solid DLM‐mediated antiaggregation strategy can act as a general method to extend to the intermolecular fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) process and improve FRET efficiency via inhibiting the aggregation‐mediated quenching.
An Ultraflexible and Stretchable Aptameric Graphene Nanosensor for Biomarker Detection and Monitoring
Authors: Wang Ziran , Hao Zhuang , Yu Shifeng , De Moraes Carlos Gustavo , Suh Leejee H. , Zhao Xuezeng , Lin Qiao 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAn ultraflexible and stretchable field‐effect transistor nanosensor is presented that uses aptamer‐functionalized monolayer graphene as the conducting channel. Specific binding of the aptamer with the target biomarker induces a change in the carrier concentration of the graphene, which is measured to determine the biomarker concentration. Based on a Mylar substrate that is only 2.5‐µm thick, the nanosensor is capable of conforming to underlying surfaces (e.g., those of human tissue or skin) that undergo large bending, twisting, and stretching deformations. In experimental testing, the device is rolled on cylindrical surfaces with radii down to 40 µm, twisted by angles ranging from −180° to 180°, or stretched by extensions up to 125%. With these large deformations applied either cyclically or non‐recurrently, the device is shown to incur no visible mechanical damage, maintain consistent electrical properties, and allow detection of TNF‐α, an inflammatory cytokine biomarker, with consistently high selectivity and low limit of detection (down to 5 × 10−12 m). The nanosensor can thus potentially enable consistent and reliable detection of liquid‐borne biomarkers on human skin or tissue surfaces that undergo large mechanical deformations.
A Review: Electrospun Nanofiber Materials for Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Liu Min , Deng Nanping , Ju Jingge , Fan Lanlan , Wang Liyuan , Li Zongjie , Zhao Huijuan , Yang Guang , Kang Weimin , Yan Jing , Cheng Bowen 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLithium‐sulfur (Li‐S) batteries are in the spotlight because their outstanding theoretical specific energy is much higher than those of the commercial lithium ion (Li‐ion) batteries. Li‐S batteries are tough competitors for future‐developing energy storage in the fields of portable electronics and electric vehicles. However, the severe “shuttle effect” of the polysulfides and the serious damage of lithium dendrites are main factors blocking commercial production of Li‐S batteries. Owing to their superior nanostructure, electrospun nanofiber materials commonly show some unique characteristics that can simultaneously resolve these issues. So far, various novel cathodes, separators, and interlayers of electrospun nanofiber materials which are applied to resolve these challenges are researched. This review presents the fundamental research and technological development of multifarious electrospun nanofiber materials for Li‐S cells, including their processing methods, structures, morphology engineering, and electrochemical performance. Not only does the review article contain a summary of electrospun nanofiber materials in Li‐S batteries but also a proposal for designing electrospun nanofiber materials for Li‐S cells. These systematic discussions and proposed directions can enlighten thoughts and offer ways in the reasonable design of electrospun nanofiber materials for excellent Li‐S batteries in the near future.
Ferroelectric‐Polymer‐Enabled Contactless Electric Power Generation in Triboelectric Nanogenerators
Authors: Kim Hyun Soo , Kim Dong Yeong , Kim Jae‐Eun , Kim Jong Hun , Kong Dae Sol , Murillo Gonzalo , Lee Gwan‐Hyoung , Park Jeong Young , Jung Jong Hoon 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are considered as one of the most important renewable power sources for mobile electronic devices and various sensors in the Internet of Things era. However, their performance should inherently be degraded by the wearing of contact surfaces after long‐term use. Here, a ferroelectric polymer is shown to enable TENGs to generate considerable electricity without contact. Ferroelectric‐polymer‐embedded TENG (FE‐TENG) consists of indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes, a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer, and a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) polymer. In contrast to down‐ and non‐polarization, up‐polarized PVDF causes significantly large triboelectric charge, rapidly saturated voltage/current, and considerable remaining charge due to the modulated surface potential and increased capacitance. The remained triboelectric charges flow by just approaching/receding the ITO electrode to/from the PDMS without contact, which is sufficient to power light‐emitting diodes and liquid crystal displays. Additionally, the FE‐TENG can charge an Li‐battery with a significantly reduced number of contact cycles. Furthermore, an arch‐shaped FE‐TENG is demonstrated to operate a wireless temperature sensor network by scavenging the irregular and random vibrations of water waves. This work provides an innovative and simple method to increase conversion efficiency and lifetime of TENGs; which widens the applications of TENG to inaccessible areas like the ocean.
Constrained Nanoparticles Deliver siRNA and sgRNA to T Cells In Vivo without Targeting Ligands
Authors: Lokugamage Melissa P. , Sago Cory D. , Gan Zubao , Krupczak Brandon R. , Dahlman James E. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractT cells help regulate immunity, which makes them an important target for RNA therapies. While nanoparticles carrying RNA have been directed to T cells in vivo using protein‐ and aptamer‐based targeting ligands, systemic delivery to T cells without targeting ligands remains challenging. Given that T cells endocytose lipoprotein particles and enveloped viruses, two natural systems with structures that can be similar to lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), it is hypothesized that LNPs devoid of targeting ligands can deliver RNA to T cells in vivo. To test this hypothesis, the delivery of siRNA to 9 cell types in vivo by 168 nanoparticles using a novel siGFP‐based barcoding system and bioinformatics is quantified. It is found that nanomaterials containing conformationally constrained lipids form stable LNPs, herein named constrained lipid nanoparticles (cLNPs). cLNPs deliver siRNA and sgRNA to T cells at doses as low as 0.5 mg kg−1 and, unlike previously reported LNPs, do not preferentially target hepatocytes. Delivery occurs via a chemical composition‐dependent, size‐independent mechanism. These data suggest that the degree to which lipids are constrained alters nanoparticle targeting, and also suggest that natural lipid trafficking pathways can promote T cell delivery, offering an alternative to active targeting approaches.
Highly Efficient Sodium Storage in Iron Oxide Nanotube Arrays Enabled by Built‐In Electric Field
Authors: Ni Jiangfeng , Sun Menglei , Li Liang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHigh‐power sodium–ion batteries capable of charging and discharging rapidly and durably are eagerly demanded to replace current lithium–ion batteries. However, poor activity and instable cycling of common sodium anode materials represent a huge barrier for practical deployment. A smart design of ordered nanotube arrays of iron oxide (Fe2O3) is presented as efficient sodium anode, simply enabled by surface sulfurization. The resulted heterostructure of oxide and sulfide spontaneously develops a built‐in electric field, which reduces the activation energy and accelerates charge transport significantly. Benefiting from the synergy of ordered architecture and built‐in electric field, such arrays exhibit a large reversible capacity, a superior rate capability, and a high retention of 91% up to 200 cycles at a high rate of 5 A g−1, outperforming most reported iron oxide electrodes. Furthermore, full cells based on the Fe2O3 array anode and the Na0.67(Mn0.67Ni0.23Mg0.1)O2 cathode deliver a specific energy of 142 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 330 W kg−1 (based on both active electrodes), demonstrating a great potential in practical application. This material design may open a new door in engineering efficient anode based on earth‐abundant materials.
Synthesis of Magnetic Bimetallic Hydroxide Nanosheets for the Clean‐Up of Oily Wastewater
Authors: Mubarak Mahfuza , Jeon Hyokyung , Jin Yejin , Islam Md. Shahinul , Cho Jiung , Bae Jong‐Seong , Park Kyung Ho , Lee Ha‐Jin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMg/Fe‐based magnetic bimetallic hydroxide nanosheets (MHNs) are synthesized by a simple molten salt method (MSM) in 1 min. The surface of the MHNs readily became hydrophobic following octadecyltrimethoxysilane treatment; the hydrophobic MHNs (HMHNs) are then coated onto a Cu mesh and a melamine (MF) sponge by the dip‐coating method for use in oil/water separation. The separation efficiencies of both the HMHN‐coated Cu mesh and MF sponge are greater than 99% for all types of oils, and these samples has significant fluxes and absorption capacities. The HMHN‐coated Cu mesh show outstanding reusability and chemical durability in harsh environments, such as acidic, alkaline and saline solutions, and exhibit excellent oil separation efficiencies for water‐in‐oil emulsions. Moreover, the HMHN powder itself quickly absorb highly viscous oil spills floating on the surfaces of both water and oil stabilized in water, and it can be easily recovered with an external magnet. Due to the economical synthetic process and the variety of techniques applicable to selective oil separation, these MHNs show great potential in the field of oily wastewater treatment.
Pulsed Laser Deposition Assisted van der Waals Epitaxial Large Area Quasi‐2D ZnO Single‐Crystal Plates on Fluorophlogopite Mica
Authors: Li Borui , Ding Longwei , Gui Pengbin , Liu Nishuang , Yue Yang , Chen Zhao , Song Zengcai , Wen Jian , Lei Hongwei , Zhu Ziqiang , Wang Xiao , Su Meng , Liao Lei , Gao Yihua , Zhang Dong , Fang Guojia 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThere are still challenges in growth of transferable large area orientated ultrathin high‐melting‐point metal oxide single crystals with conventional methods. Herein, a new pathway to produce high quality single‐crystal ZnO nanoplates with more than 400 µm crystal size is revealed by using the van der Waals epitaxy (vdWE) combined with pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method on fluorophlogopite mica. The quasi‐2D ZnO plates as thin as 5 nm on fluorophlogopite mica without transition layer are achieved, showing an excellent thickness and orientation control while maintaining the excellent crystalline. ZnO nanoplates grown on conducting graphite and insulating hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) 2D substrates are also obtained through PLD assisted vdWE. The transfer of 15 nm thick quasi‐2D ZnO plates with 8 mm × 8 mm area onto a SiO2/Si substrate is successfully demonstrated. Based on the ZnO nanoplates, semitransparent self‐powered ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors and light‐emitting diodes centered at 400 nm UV region are demonstrated. This research highlights that the PLD assisted vdWE method is a fascinating way to fabricate high coverage ultrathin 2D ZnO plates with precisely thickness control for optoelectronic applications and may have enormous inspiration for other 2D nanomaterials growth.
Recent Efforts in Understanding and Improving the Nonideal Behaviors of Organic Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Un Hio‐Ieng , Wang Jie‐Yu , Pei Jian 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOver the past three decades, the mobility of organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) has been improved from 10−5 up to over 10 cm2 V−1 s−1, which reaches or has already satisfied the requirements of demanding applications. However, pronounced nonideal behaviors in current–voltage characteristics are commonly observed, which indicates that the reported mobilities may not truly reflect the device properties. Herein, a comprehensive understanding of the origins of several observed nonidealities (downward, upward, double‐slope, superlinear, and humped transfer characteristics) is summarized, and how to extract comparatively reliable mobilities from nonideal behaviors in OFETs is discussed. Combining an overview of the ideal and state‐of‐the‐art OFETs, considerable possible approaches are also provided for future OFETs.
Chemical looping oxidation of CH4 with 99.5% CO selectivity over V2O3‐based redox materials using CO2 for regeneration
Authors: Ge Yuanzheng , He Tao , Wang Zhiqi , Han Dezhi , Li Jianqing , Wu Jingli , Wu Jinhu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe main challenge of chemical looping dry reforming of methane (CLDRM) is the development of a high‐performance redox material. In this study, V2O3 was proved to be a unique redox material possessing high oxygen storage capacity (421.6 mg/g‐V2O3, CH4 consumption base) and strong carbon‐deposition suppressing capability. It can be reduced to carbide by CH4, and the carbide can be reoxidized to V2O3 with CO2. Based on this redox cycle, CH4 conversion with 99.5% CO selectivity coupled with efficient CO2 splitting to CO was realized successively. However, the CH4 conversion over pristine V2O3 is low (<50%) and not stable, therefore catalytic activation of C‐H bonds combined with structural modification of V2O3 was carried out to accelerate the stoichiometric reactions and improve the redox stability. Finally, a maximum CH4 conversion of 81.7% with stable performance during cycles was reached, and further investigation confirmed the series reaction mechanism and identified the rate‐controlling step.
Simultaneously enhancing interfacial adhesion and pervaporation separation performance of PDMS/ceramic composite membrane via a facile substrate surface grafting approach
Authors: Chen Guining , Zhu Haipeng , Hang Yingting , Liu Quan , Liu Gongping , Jin Wanqin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA facile substrate surface silane‐grafting approach was demonstrated to enhance both interfacial adhesion and pervaporation separation performance of PDMS composite membrane. With C16 grafted ceramic substrate, the PDMS/ceramic composite membrane exhibited up to 1.7 times stronger interfacial adhesion force between separation layer and substrate layer, meanwhile 1.5 times larger butanol/water separation factor that is higher than state‐of‐the‐art membranes. This novel approach paves a new avenue to developing composite membranes with high and stable separation performance.
Compatibility in biobased poly(L‐lactide)/polyamide binary blends: From melt‐state interfacial tensions to (thermo)mechanical properties
Authors: Raj Amulya , Prashantha Kalappa , Samuel Cédric 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThe melt compatibility between poly(L‐lactide) (PLA) and polyamides (PAs) with related thermomechanical properties is addressed. A particular attention is paid to four commercial PAs with extrusion processing temperatures close to PLA (PA10‐10 to PA12). PLA/PA blend morphologies without a compatibilizer are first revealed by scanning electron microscopy. PA12 displays the best droplet dispersion into PLA (Dn 700 nm), whereas a poor interfacial adhesion is attested for PLA/PA10‐10 blends. Interfacial tensions corroborate the PLA/PA10‐10 incompatibility (γ12 9 mN/m, 240 °C) with decreasing γ12 in the order PLA/PA10‐10 > PLA/PA11 > PLA/PA12 (γ12 2 mN/m). Surface tensions confirm the highest compatibility between PLA and PA12. Ductilities, toughnesses, and thermal resistances of PLA/PA blends are evaluated up to 40‐wt % PA. Brittle‐to‐ductile transitions are observed for PA content higher than 30‐wt % with the highest ductility for PLA/PA12, in accordance with their enhanced compatibility. Impact strengths display similar trends with a twofold increase for PLA/PA12. An outstanding synergy between PLA and PA is highlighted by dynamic mechanical analyses with heat deflection up to 130 °C for PLA/PA blends. The synergy arises from a peculiar crystallization of PLA in the presence of PA. PLA/PA morphologies/interfaces can be consequently tuned by an appropriate PA choice with interesting improvements of thermomechanical properties for high‐performance/durable applications. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48440.
Discovery and antiproliferative evaluation of new quinoxalines as potential DNA intercalators and topoisomerase II inhibitors
Authors: Eissa Ibrahim H. , Metwaly Ahmed M. , Belal Amany , Mehany Ahmed B.M. , Ayyad Rezk R. , El‐Adl Khaled , Mahdy Hazem A. , Taghour Mohammed S. , El‐Gamal Kamal M.A. , El‐Sawah Mohamad E. , Elmetwally Souad A. , Elhendawy Mostafa. A. , Radwan Mohamed M. , ElSohly Mahmoud A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn continuation of our previous work on the design and synthesis of topoisomerase II (Topo II) inhibitors and DNA intercalators, a new series of quinoxaline derivatives were designed and synthesized. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against a panel of three cancer cell lines (Hep G‐2, Hep‐2, and Caco‐2). Compounds 18b, 19b, 23, 25b, and 26 showed strong potencies against all tested cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.26 ± 0.1 to 2.91 ± 0.1 µM, comparable with those of doxorubicin (IC50 values ranging from 0.65 ± 0.1 to 0.81 ± 0.1 µM). The most active compounds were further evaluated for their Topo II inhibitory activities and DNA intercalating affinities. Compounds 19b and 19c exhibited high activities against Topo II (IC50 = 0.97 ± 0.1 and 1.10 ± 0.1 µM, respectively) and bound the DNA at concentrations of 43.51 ± 2.0 and 49.11 ± 1.8 µM, respectively, whereas compound 28b exhibited a significant affinity to bind the DNA with an IC50 value of 37.06 ± 1.8 µM. Moreover, apoptosis and cell‐cycle tests of the most promising compound 19b were carried out. It was found that 19b can significantly induce apoptosis in Hep G‐2 cells. It has revealed cell‐cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Moreover, compound 19b downregulated the Bcl‐2 levels, indicating its potential to enhance apoptosis. Furthermore, molecular docking studies were carried out against the DNA–Topo II complex to examine the binding patterns of the synthesized compounds.
Visible‐Light‐Promoted Cascade Radical Cyclization: Synthesis of 1,4‐Diketones Containing Chroman‐4‐One Skeletons
Authors: He Xiang‐Kui , Cai Bao‐Gui , Yang Qing‐Qing , Wang Long , Xuan Jun 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA visible‐light‐induced cascade radical cyclization of aroyl chlorides with 2‐(allyloxy)‐benzaldehyde derivatives has been developed. The method takes advantages of unactivated C=C bonds as the acyl radical acceptors and offers a mild and green approach for the synthesis of 1,4‐diketones bearing biologically important chroman‐4‐one skeletons with moderate to good yields.