bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are We Choosing Wisely in Canada?
Authors: Levine Mitch 
Published: July 2018

The Choosing Wisely Canada program is intended to facilitate the more efficient use of health care resources. The program has messages for patients to align their expectations with an evidence based delivery of health care and to increase physician knowledge regarding evidence based directives for the appropriate use of investigations and treatments. In the current issue of CJGIM, an assessment was conducted regarding physician knowledge of the program, and the message was not positive. While many physicians acknowledged awareness of the Choosing Wisely Canada program, an appreciation of the specific messages on how to steer practice to evidence based activity was lacking amongst many. As these were the 33% who agreed to participate in the survey, one can only wonder whether a greater lack of knowledge about the program resides in the 67% that refused to participate. Despite having just laid a foundation of pessimism, I still wonder whether physicians are practicing evidence-based health care even if they do not know the detailed recommendations provided by the Choosing Wisely Canada program. The array of recommendations was developed by professional societies representing different clinical specialties in Canada. The Canadian Society of Internal Medicine (CSIM) established its Choosing Wisely Canada Top 5 recommendations by convening a Committee of 20 members that represented a diverse group of general internists from across Canada, reflecting a broad range of geographical regions, practice settings, institution types and experience.1 Below is the list of the five most recent recommendations targeted for physicians practicing in the field of internal medicine. Don’t routinely obtain neuro-imaging studies (computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or carotid Doppler) in the evaluation of simple syncope in patients with a normal neurological examination.Don’t place, or leave in place, urinary catheters without an acceptable indication (such as critical illness, obstruction, palliative care).Don’t transfuse red blood cells for arbitrary hemoglobin or hematocrit thresholds in the absence of symptoms, active coronary disease, heart failure, or stroke.In the inpatient setting, don’t order repeated CBC and chemistry testing in the face of clinical and lab stability.Don’t routinely perform preoperative testing (such as chest X-rays, echocardiograms, or cardiac stress tests) for patients undergoing low risk surgeries.So, how are you doing in your practice? Mitchell LevineEditor, CJGIM
Hypercalcemia in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Jamal Rakin , Mariano Caroline 
Published: July 2018

Humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy is common in many cancers but is rarely present in colorectal cancers with only 24 documented cases in the literature. In this report, we present a case of a 67-year-old woman complaining of right sided abdominal pain and diarrhea. Imaging showed an obstructing cecal mass and the pathological diagnosis was poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. After a hemicolectomy, she developed humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy which was treated with intravenous bisphosphonates. She continued to worsen due to her rapid progression of disease and died less than one month after her initial diagnosis. We reviewed the 24 other documented cases to investigate the prognosis of hypercalcemia in colorectal cancers along with reviewing the clinical presentation and management of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy.
Résumé
L’hypercalcémie humorale maligne est courante dans de nombreux cas de cancers, mais elle est rare dans les cancers colorectaux; la documentation recense 24 cas seulement. Dans le présent article, nous décrivons le cas d’une femme de 67 ans se plaignant de douleurs abdominales du côté droit et de diarrhée. Un examen d’imagerie indiqua la présence d’une masse caecale obstructive dont le diagnostic pathologique s’est avéré être celui d’un adénocarcinome peu différencié. À la suite d’une hémicolectomie, la patiente a développé une hypercalcémie humorale maligne qui a été traitée à l’aide de bisphosphonates intraveineux. Son état a continué de se détériorer en raison de la progression rapide de la maladie et la patiente est décédée moins d’un mois après le diagnostic initial. Nous passons en revue les 24 cas documentés pour analyser les pronostics d’hypercalcémie dans les cas de cancers colorectaux, tout en examinant le tableau clinique et la prise en charge de l’hypercalcémie humorale maligne.
An Assessment of Specialist Physician Referral Practices for Long-Term Cardiovascular Risk Reduction in the Community: Are We Using Our Available Resources?
Authors: Watson Kathryn , Desy Janeve , Castillo Eliana , Hawkins T. Lee-Ann , Metcalfe Amy 
Published: July 2018

Background: Our aim was to evaluate specialist physicians’ referral patterns for cardiovascular risk reduction (CRR) while identifying existing CRR programs in a large Canadian city.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving an electronic survey of cardiologists and internists in Calgary, Alberta, to assess CRR referral patterns. A concurrent online search for programs addressing CRR was undertaken.
Results: Twenty-four CRR programs were identified. Nine (37.5%, 95% CI: 21.2–57.2) required physician referral. Half (50.0%, 95% CI: 31.4–68.6) had no direct patient cost.
A majority of surveyed physicians estimated that more than half of their patients have at least one modifiable risk factor. However, 75.0% (95% CI: 61.2–85.1) had referred less than half of these patients for CRR.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrates a gap in specialist physician referral practices for CRR. Patients with modifiable risk factors may not be accessing valuable CRR resources.
Résumé
Contexte : Notre but consistait à évaluer les habitudes d’orientation des médecins spécialistes en ce qui a trait à la réduction du risque cardiovasculaire (RRCV) et à recenser les programmes de RRCV présents à l’intérieur d’une grande ville canadienne.
Méthodologie: Une étude de prévalence a été menée par sondage électronique auprès des cardiologues et des internistes de la ville de Calgary, Alberta, dans le but d’évaluer les habitudes d’orientation en ce qui a trait à la réduction du risque cardiovasculaire (RRCV). Parallèlement, une recherche sur les programmes de RRCV a été entreprise, en ligne également.
Résultats: On a répertorié 24 programmes de RRCV. Neuf (37,5 %; IC de 95 % : 21,2–57,2) nécessitent que le patient soit recommandé par un médecin. La moitié (50,0 %; IC de 95 % : 31,4–68,6) n’engendre aucun coût direct pour le patient.
La plupart des médecins interrogés évaluent que plus de la moitié de leurs patients présente au moins un facteur de risque modifiable. Cependant, 75,0 % (IC de 95 % : 61,2–85,1) ont orienté moins de la moitié de ces patients vers un programme de RRCV.
Conclusion : Notre étude montre qu’il y a une lacune dans les pratiques d’orientation des médecins spécialistes relativement aux programmes de RRCV. Ainsi, des patients ayant des facteurs de risque modifiables n’ont pas accès à des ressources précieuses en matière de RRCV.
Effects of AMF- and PGPR-root inoculation and a foliar chitosan spray in single and combined treatments on powdery mildew disease in strawberry
Authors: Lowe Aiofe , Rafferty-McArdle Susan M. , Cassells Alan C. 
Published: July 2018

Trials were carried out using, as a root inoculants, mixed Glomus spp. (G. mossae, G. caledonium, and G. fasiculatum) and Bacillus subtilis FZB24, and the plant activator N, O-carboxymethyl chitosan applied as a foliar spray. The treatments were applied singly and in combinations, on strawberry plants grown out of season in a greenhouse. Both fruit yield and runner production were reduced due to disease. Several of the treatments were found to have significant effects, increasing fruit number and yield, and runner production. Disease symptom severity was lowest in the B. subtilis FZB24 plus chitosan treatment. The treatments giving significantly higher fruit yield/number and runner production werea inoculation with B. subtilis FZB24, and with B. subtilis FZB24 or AMF combined with chitosan spray. These treatments and a fungicide treatment, gave the same level of disease control.
Effects of pre- and post-transplant inoculation with commercial arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on pelargonium (Pelargonium hortorum) and its microorganism community
Authors: Csima Gergely , Hernádi Ildikó , Posta Katalin 
Published: July 2018

Rooted cuttings of geranium were grown with and without a slow release fertilizer and inoculated or not with a commercial inoculum containing AM fungi. After six weeks plants were transplanted into larger containers and one-half of the plants were inoculated with AM. Inoculation increased pelargonium growth along with nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium concentrations in shoot than caused a slight decrease in shoot growth and enhanced N concentration. Colony forming units of total fungi and bacteria in the rhizosphere were not influenced by AM; although RFLP profiles of DNA isolated from bacteria living in rhizosphere showed a more diverse community in AM-inoculated than non-inoculated plants at low nutrient supply. Our results suggest that mycorrhizal inoculation not only has an effect on plant growth and uptake of elements but it also influences directly or indirectly the bacterial community of the rhizosphere.
Implementasi Metode Logika Fuzzy dalam Pembangunan Sistem Optimalisasi Lampu Lalu Lintas
Authors: Maslim Martinus , Dwiandiyanta B. Yudi , Viany Susilo Nonety 
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Traffic lights are the lights for controlling the flow of trafficwhichinstalled at crossroads. Traffic lights have an important role in regulating traffic especially crossroads. One way to overcome the traffic problem is to build a system of traffic optimization where each point of the intersection phase at the road signals automatically. This system implements fuzzymamdani logic method with MOM (Mean of Maximum)defuzzification for this method is very simple, easy to understand and objective. The traffic optimization system can generate the maximum green light seconds at each intersection according to the officer's input. The input required by the system is the length of the set queue, the width of the regulated path, the length of the queue on the next path, and the width of the path on the regulated path. The output of this system is proven to help optimize the number of green light seconds according to crossroads conditions.Keywords: FuzzyLogic, Mamdani, Mean of Maximum, Traffic light.Abstrak. Lampu lalu lintas merupakan lampu untuk mengendalikan arus lalu lintas yang terpasang di persimpangan jalan. Lampu lalu lintas memiliki peran penting dalam mengatur lalu lintas khususnya persimpangan jalan. Terdapat salah satu cara untuk mengatasi permasalahan kemacetanyaitu dengan membangun sebuah sistem optimalisasi lalu lintas dimana secara otomatis di setiap titik fase persimpangan jalan bersinyal. Sistem ini dibuat menggunakan metode logika fuzzy. Dalam sistem ini menggunakan metode logika fuzzymamdani dengan defuzzifikasi MOM (Mean of Maximum) karena metode ini sangat sederhana, mudah dimengerti dan obyektif. Sistem optimalisasi lampu lalu lintas dapat menghasilkan detik maksimal lampu hijau pada setiap persimpangan sesuai dengan masukan petugas. Masukan yang dibutuhkan oleh sistem adalah panjang antrian yang diatur, lebar jalan yang diatur, panjang antrian pada jalur selanjutnya, dan lebar jalan pada jalur yang diatur.Hasil keluaran dari sistem ini terbukti dapat membantu mengoptimalisasi jumlah detik lampu hijau sesuai dengan kondisi persimpangan jalan.Kata Kunci: Logika Fuzzy, Mamdani, Mean of Maximum, Lampu lalu lintas.
Model Penerapan Syariah dalam Negara Modern (Studi Kasus Arab Saudi, Iran, Turki, dan Indonesia)
Authors: Fauzan Pepen Irpan , Fata Ahmad Khoirul 
Published: July 2018

Modernization of politics in islamic world causes hard dynamics in the relation betwen religion (shariÌ„â€™ah) with state or politics. This paper tries to discuss the historical background of that discussion, and tries to show the models of shariÌ„ â€™ah implementation in the context of modern state. The result of this study is that there are three models of shariÌ„ â€™ah implementation in modern Islamic world: integration betwen religion (Islam) and state as in Saudi Arabia and Islamic Republic of Iran. In this model shariÌ„ ah formally becomes the positive law. The second model is secular state. In this model religion (and shariÌ„â€™ah) separated from the state. The best example for this model is Republic of Turkey. And the last is symbiosis-intersectional model as Republic of Indonesia. This model is the middle position betwen both of them. The difference of the models are caused by the diversity of socio-historical-economic-political background of these states.
Validação de metodologia de doseamento de sulfametoxazol (matéria-prima) por espectrofotometria / Validation of an uv spectrophotometric method for sulfametoxazole raw material
Authors: Santos Gisele Maccari dos , Prochnau Inara Staub 
Published: July 2018

O processo de validação visa à qualidade e funcionalidade de um método de análise a ser desenvolvido, empregando parâmetros que comprovem que o mesmo seja apropriado. O trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver e validar metodologia analítica para determinação quantitativa de sulfametoxazol matéria-prima, antimicrobiano bastante utilizado pela população. O método foi desenvolvido empregando espectrofotometria de absorção na região do ultravioleta, no comprimento de onda de 257nm, empregando hidróxido de sódio 0,1M como solvente e concentração do fármaco de 10µg/ml. O método foi validado de acordo com as exigências da Resolução nº 899 da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária, verificando linearidade, precisão, robustez, especificidade e exatidão. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a metodologia de doseamento desenvolvida foi linear, precisa, exata e robusta, sendo a exatidão comprovada por comparação ao método oficial, descrito pela Farmacopeia Brasileira. O método apresentou especificidade limitada em função de deslocamento hipsocrômico da absorção do fármaco. AbstractThe validation process aims at the quality and functionality of an analysis method to be developed, using parameters that prove that it is appropriate. The aim of this work was to develop and validate an analytical methodology for the quantitative determination of sulfamethoxazole raw material, an antimicrobial widely used. The method was developed using ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry at 257nm using 0.1M sodium hydroxide as solvent and 10?g/ml drug concentration. The method was validated according to the requirements of Resolution 899 of the National Health Surveillance Agency, verifying linearity, precision, robustness, specificity and accuracy. The results demonstrated that the developed methodology was linear, precise, accurate and robust. The accuracy verified by comparison to the official method, described by the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia. The method showed limited specificity as a function of the hypsochromic shift of the drug absorption.
PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI BERBASIS VIRTUAL LABORATORY UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN LITERASI SAINS MAHASISWA CALON GURU PENDIDIKAN FISIKA UNIVERSITAS SAMUDRA
Authors: Saputra Hendri , Al Auwal T. M. Ridha , Mustika Dona 
Published: July 2018

Abstrak. Kemajuan Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi di abad 21 mengakibatkan terjadi pergeseran paradigma belajar yang tidak mengenal ruang dan waktu, sehingga kemampuan literasi digital, literasi sains, literasi bahasa, dan literasi matematika sangat perlu untuk dikembangkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan literasi Mahasiswa Calon Guru Fisika Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Samudra. Metode Penelitian menggunakan metode pre-experimental design, dengan desain one group pretest-posttest design. Lokasi Penelitian pada mahasiswa angkatan 2016 sebanyak 22 orang. Tes kemampuan literasi sain berbentuk pilihan ganda dengan empat alternatif pilihan jawaban. Teknik pengolahan data menggunakan rumus N-gain yang ter normalisasi, dan uji t berpasangan (Paired Sampel t-Test) menggunakan SPSS versi 23. Hasil analisis data N-Gain menunjukkan kemampuan literasi sain pada setiap domain dan aspek kemampuan literasi sain sebesar 0,71 dan 0,76 dengan kategori tinggi pada materi listrik dinamis. Hasil ini diperkuat oleh hasil uji t berpasangan (sig.0.000.05) dapat disimpulkan model pembelajaran inkuiri berbasis virtual laboratory secara signifikan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan literasi sains mahasiswa calon guru fisika pada materi listrik dinamis.Kata Kunci: Literasi Sain, Model Inkuiri, Virtual Laboratory, Listrik Dinamis Abstract. The advancement of Science and Technology within the 21st century has led to a shift of learning paradigm, which is no more influenced by space and time; so that the ability of digital literacy, science literacy, language literacy, and mathematical literacy is highly required to be developed. The purpose of this study was to find out the improvement of students’ literacy ability at Physics Education, Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Samudra University. The research method used in this research was pre-experimental design method, with one group pretest-posttest design. This research was conducted in the Physics class; and there were 22 students taking part within this study. A multiple-choice test, with four alternative answers, was applied in order to find out students’ literacy ability. The data were analyzed through N-gain formula, and paired t-test using SPSS, version 23. The result of N-Gain data analysis revealed that the scientific literacy ability in each domain and the aspect of the science literacy ability is 0.71 and 0.76 with high category in dynamic electrical material. This result is reinforced by paired t test result (sig.0.00 0.05), which can be concluded that inquiry model based on virtual laboratory can significantly improve students’ science literacy ability, considered as Physics teacher candidate, especially in dynamic electrical material.Keywords: Science Literacy, Inquiry Model, Virtual Laboratory, Dynamic Electricity
ANALISIS KUALITAS BUKU AJAR KIMIA BERBASIS KURIKULUM 2013
Authors: Hasibuan Molani Paulina , Silaban Ramlan 
Published: July 2018

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kualitas buku ajar kimia di SMA/MA Kelas XI Semester 1 yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini sehingga memenuhi standar kualitas seperti yang dipersyaratkan oleh BSNP dan sesuai dengan kurikulum 2013. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah guru-guru kimia di SMA/MA yang ada di Kota Medan, Propinsi Sumatera Utara. Sampel penelitian diambil secara purposive. Pendekatan yang digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan yang telah dirumuskan adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data berupa penilaian kualitas buku diperoleh dari angket yang diberikan pada responden yaitu guru-guru kimia SMA/MA di Kota Medan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan independent sample t-test dengan SPSS 20 for windows pada taraf signifikansi α = 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran kooperatif berbasis masalah dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Hal ini ditunjukkan dari hasil penelitian yang menunjukkan rata-rata nilai hasil belajar siswa dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif berbasis masalah lebih tinggi dibandingkan rata-rata nilai hasil belajar siswa dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif. Kata Kunci: buku ajar, kurikulum 2013 Abstract. This study aims to analyze the quality of chemistry textbooks in SMA/MA Class XI Semester 1 which is produced in this research so as to meet the quality standards as required by BSNP and in accordance with the curriculum 2013. The population of this research is chemistry teachers in SMA/MA is in the city of Medan, North Sumatra Province. The sample was taken purposively. The approach used to achieve the objectives that have been formulated is qualitative and quantitative descriptive research. Data in the form of book quality assessment obtained from questionnaires given to respondents ie high school chemistry teachers MA in Medan City. Data analysis technique using independent sample t-test with SPSS 20 for windows at significance level α=0,05. The results showed that the problem-based cooperative learning model can improve student learning outcomes. This is shown from the results of research that shows the average value of student learning outcomes with model-based cooperative learning is higher than the average value of student learning outcomes with cooperative learning model.Keyword: textbooks, curriculum 2013
PENERAPAN PRAKTIKUM DENGAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) PADA MATERI LAJU REAKSI DI SMA NEGERI 1 LEMBAH SELAWAH
Authors: Zahrah Fathimah , Halim A. , Hasan M. 
Published: July 2018

Abstrak Mata pelajaran kimia dapat diajarkan menggunakan metode praktikum. Namun, metode praktikum mempunyai kelemahan sehingga diperlukan suatu model seperti Problem Based Learning (PBL) yang dapat membantu proses analisis siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model PBL dengan metode praktikum terhadap peningkatan keterampilan berfikir kritis dan sikap ilmiah siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain penelitian Control group pretest-postest design. Sampel dalam penelitian adalah dua kelas siswa kelas XI sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen tes berpikir kritis, tes skala sikap, dan angket respon siswa yang telah divalidasi. Data hasil tes yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif dan secara statistik pada taraf signifikan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model PBL dengan metode praktikum dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berfikir kritis dan sikap ilmiah siswa pada konsep laju reaksi. Terbukti dari nilai rata-rata skor awal siswa kelas eksperimen sebesar 4,50 meningkat menjadi 7,10 pada postes. Peningkatan keterampilan berfikir kritis kelas eksperimen signifikan secara statistik terhadap kelas kontrol. Selanjutnya, skor awal sikap ilmiah kelas eksperimen dengan nilai rata-rata 57,75 menjadi 72,21 pada postes. Secara statistik sikap ilmiah kelas eksperimen signifikan lebih baik dibandingkan kelas kontrol. Siswa menunjukkan respon yang positif terhadap model PBL dengan metode praktikum. Kata Kunci: metode praktikum, berpikir kritis, PBL, Laju reaksi.
Analisis Kemampuan Multipel Representasi Mahasiswa FKIP Kimia Universitas Samudra Semester II Pada Materi Asam Basa dan Titrasi Asam Basa
Authors: Sari Ratih Permana , Seprianto Seprianto 
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pemahaman makroskopik, mikroskopik dan simbolik mahasiswa dengan tujuan memberikan pemahaman konseptual yang utuh dan menyeluruh kepada mahasiswa, sehingga mahasiswa tidak membuat interpretasi sendiri dalam memberikan gambaran mikroskopik. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kota Langsa bertempat di Laboratorium Lanjut Prodi Pendidikan Kimia FKIP Universitas Samudra. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling yaitu mahasiswa semester II dengan pertimbangan kelas hanya terdiri dari satu unit dan materi titrasi asam basa hanya ada pada semester II. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen semu dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan soal tes berbentuk pilihan berganda. Hasil penelitian didapati bahwa profil kemampuan representasi mahasiswa pada praktikum titrasi asam basa untuk tingkat makroskopik, submikroskopik, dan simbolik berturut-turut sebesar 92% dengan kategori sangat baik, 82% dengan kategori cukup, dan 86% dengan kategori sangat baik. Dari ketiga indikator representasi kimia, indikator submikroskopis memiliki persentase lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan indikator lainnya, hal ini disebabkan mahasiswa sulit menerangkan fenomena reaksi kimia dari suatu larutan dengan gambar molekul atau ion.