bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of initial microstructures on intercritical annealing behaviour in a medium Mn steel
Authors: Choi Yong Hoon , Ryu Joo Hyun , Lee Sea Woong , Lee Kyooyoung , Lee Byeong Joo , Kim Jin-Kyung , Lee Jae Sang , Suh Dong-Woo 
Published: May 2018

The present work reports the effect of different initial microstructures on reverse transformation kinetics and morphologies of austenite formed during intercritical annealing in Fe-0.14C-7Mn-1Si (wt-%) medium Mn steel. Three different initial microstructures were produced by cold-rolling and cold-rolling followed by austenitisation at 820°C and 900°C. The specimen austenitised at higher temperature shows lath-type austenite after intercritical annealing. The difference in austenitisation temperature leads to different Mn distribution in martensitic initial microstructures, thereby leading to a difference in morphology of austenite. The inhomogeneous Mn profiles in initial microstructures also affect reverse transformation kinetics of austenite upon intercritical annealing. The presence of Mn-enriched regions accelerates austenite growth at an early stage of intercritical annealing but retards the transformation kinetics afterwards. This paper is part of a Thematic Issue on Medium Manganese Steels.
Interval running with self‐selected recovery: Physiology, performance, and perception
Authors: McEwan Gary , Arthur Rosemary , Phillips Shaun M , Gibson Neil V , Easton Chris 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis study (1) compared the physiological responses and performance during a high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) session incorporating externally regulated (ER) and self‐selected (SS) recovery periods and (2) examined the psychophysiological cues underpinning SS recovery durations. Following an incremental maximal exercise test to determine maximal aerobic speed (MAS), 14 recreationally active males completed 2 HIIT sessions on a non‐motorised treadmill. Participants performed 12 × 30 s running intervals at a target intensity of 105% MAS interspersed with 30 s (ER) or SS recovery periods. During SS, participants were instructed to provide themselves with sufficient recovery to complete all 12 efforts at the required intensity. A semi‐structured interview was undertaken following the completion of SS. Mean recovery duration was longer during SS (51 ± 15 s) compared to ER (30 ± 0 s; p < .001; d = 1.46 ± 0.46). Between‐interval heart rate recovery was higher (SS: 19 ± 9 b min−1; ER: 8 ± 5 b min−1; p < .001; d = 1.43 ± 0.43) and absolute time ≥90% maximal heart rate (HRmax) was lower (SS: 335 ± 193 s; ER: 433 ± 147 s; p = .075; d = 0.52 ± 0.39) during SS compared to ER. Relative time ≥105% MAS was greater during SS (90 ± 6%) compared to ER (74 ± 20%; p < .01; d = 0.87 ± 0.40). Different sources of afferent information underpinned decision‐making during SS. The extended durations of recovery during SS resulted in a reduced time ≥90% HRmax but enhanced time ≥105% MAS, compared with ER exercise. Differences in the afferent cue utilisation of participants likely explain the large levels of inter‐individual variability observed.
The CCL-K11 on-going key comparison. Final report for the year 2017
Authors: Matus M , Şahin E , Acak S , Robertsson L 
Published: May 2018

A laser from one national metrological institute (NMI) was compared in 2017 as part of the CCL-K11 on-going key comparison, initiated by the 13th meeting of the Comité Consultative des Longueurs (CCL) in 2007. The absolute frequency of R(127) 11-5 transitions of molecular iodine was measured following the technical protocol for CCL-K11. The result of this measurement is compiled in the present report. The comparison report, as communicated by the participant, is included as an appendix.
This document constitutes the ninth final report for the on-going key comparison CCL-K11.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCL, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
The Impact of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Policies on Asset Holdings
Authors: Todd Jessica E , Jo Young , Boohaker James Richard 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMany states have increased the asset limits used to determine eligibility in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) in recent years. Using three panels of the Survey of Income and Program Participation, we estimate the effect of increases in the SNAP vehicle and total asset limits on vehicle and financial assets among low‐education families. We find that higher vehicle limits, together with the elimination of the total asset limit, increase the probability that a family owns a vehicle. Moreover, eliminating the total asset limit increases the value held in liquid accounts. The effect on liquid assets is greater among families in metro areas and for those at the lower end of the asset distribution. The effects on vehicle assets occur mainly among those in non‐metro areas and at the higher end of the asset distribution. Our findings imply that removing asset limits of assistance programs can lead to an increase in assets among the low‐income population.
Transfer learning for biomedical named entity recognition with neural networks
Authors: Giorgi John M , Bader Gary D 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Motivation
The explosive increase of biomedical literature has made information extraction an increasingly important tool for biomedical research. A fundamental task is the recognition of biomedical named entities in text (BNER) such as genes/proteins, diseases and species. Recently, a domain-independent method based on deep learning and statistical word embeddings, called long short-term memory network-conditional random field (LSTM-CRF), has been shown to outperform state-of-the-art entity-specific BNER tools. However, this method is dependent on gold-standard corpora (GSCs) consisting of hand-labeled entities, which tend to be small but highly reliable. An alternative to GSCs are silver-standard corpora (SSCs), which are generated by harmonizing the annotations made by several automatic annotation systems. SSCs typically contain more noise than GSCs but have the advantage of containing many more training examples. Ideally, these corpora could be combined to achieve the benefits of both, which is an opportunity for transfer learning. In this work, we analyze to what extent transfer learning improves upon state-of-the-art results for BNER.

Results
We demonstrate that transferring a deep neural network (DNN) trained on a large, noisy SSC to a smaller, but more reliable GSC significantly improves upon state-of-the-art results for BNER. Compared to a state-of-the-art baseline evaluated on 23 GSCs covering four different entity classes, transfer learning results in an average reduction in error of approximately 11%. We found transfer learning to be especially beneficial for target datasets with a small number of labels (approximately 6000 or less).

Availability and implementation
Source code for the LSTM-CRF is available at https://github.com/Franck-Dernoncourt/NeuroNER/ and links to the corpora are available at https://github.com/BaderLab/Transfer-Learning-BNER-Bioinformatics-2018/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
ACPred-FL: a sequence-based predictor using effective feature representation to improve the prediction of anti-cancer peptides
Authors: Wei Leyi , Zhou Chen , Chen Huangrong , Song Jiangning , Su Ran 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Anti-cancer peptides (ACPs) have recently emerged as promising therapeutic agents for cancer treatment. Due to the avalanche of protein sequence data in the post-genomic era, there is an urgent need to develop automated computational methods to enable fast and accurate identification of novel ACPs within the vast number of candidate proteins and peptides.

Results
To address this, we propose a novel predictor named Anti-Cancer peptide Predictor with Feature representation Learning (ACPred-FL) for accurate prediction of ACPs based on sequence information. More specifically, we develop an effective feature representation learning model, with which we can extract and learn a set of informative features from a pool of support vector machine-based models trained using sequence-based feature descriptors. By doing so, the class label information of data samples is fully utilized. To improve the feature representation, we further employ a two-step feature selection technique, resulting in a most informative five-dimensional feature vector for the final peptide representation. Experimental results show that such five features provide the most discriminative power for identifying ACPs than currently available feature descriptors, highlighting the effectiveness of the proposed feature representation learning approach. The developed ACPred-FL method significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods.

Availability and implementation
The web-server of ACPred-FL is available at http://server.malab.cn/ACPred-FL.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Quantitative Three-Dimensional Reconstructions of Excitatory Synaptic Boutons in Layer 5 of the Adult Human Temporal Lobe Neocortex: A Fine-Scale Electron Microscopic Analysis
Authors: Yakoubi Rachida , Rollenhagen Astrid , von Lehe Marec , Shao Yachao , Sätzler Kurt , Lübke Joachim H R 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Studies of synapses are available for different brain regions of several animal species including non-human primates, but comparatively little is known about their quantitative morphology in humans. Here, synaptic boutons in Layer 5 (L5) of the human temporal lobe (TL) neocortex were investigated in biopsy tissue, using fine-scale electron microscopy, and quantitative three-dimensional reconstructions. The size and organization of the presynaptic active zones (PreAZs), postsynaptic densities (PSDs), and that of the 3 distinct pools of synaptic vesicles (SVs) were particularly analyzed. L5 synaptic boutons were medium-sized (~6 μm2) with a single but relatively large PreAZ (~0.3 μm2). They contained a total of ~1500 SVs/bouton, ~20 constituting the putative readily releasable pool (RRP), ~180 the recycling pool (RP), and the remainder, the resting pool. The PreAZs, PSDs, and vesicle pools are ~3-fold larger than those of CNS synapses in other species. Astrocytic processes reached the synaptic cleft and may regulate the glutamate concentration. Profound differences exist between synapses in human TL neocortex and those described in various species, particularly in the size and geometry of PreAZs and PSDs, the large RRP/RP, and the astrocytic ensheathment suggesting high synaptic efficacy, strength, and modulation of synaptic transmission at human synapses.
Runge–Kutta convolution coercivity and its use for time-dependent boundary integral equations
Authors: Banjai Lehel , Lubich Christian 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA coercivity property of temporal convolution operators is an essential tool in the analysis of time-dependent boundary integral equations and their space and time discretizations. It is known that this coercivity property is inherited by convolution quadrature time discretization based on A-stable multistep methods, which are of order at most 2. Here we study the question as to which Runge–Kutta-based convolution quadrature methods inherit the convolution coercivity property. It is shown that this holds without any restriction for the third-order Radau IIA method, and on permitting a shift in the Laplace domain variable, this holds for all algebraically stable Runge–Kutta methods and hence for methods of arbitrary order. As an illustration the discrete convolution coercivity is used to analyse the stability and convergence properties of the time discretization of a nonlinear boundary integral equation that originates from a nonlinear scattering problem for the linear wave equation. Numerical experiments illustrate the error behaviour of the Runge–Kutta convolution quadrature time discretization.
Regulation and role of the transcription factor IRF5 in innate immune responses and systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Ban Tatsuma , Sato Go R , Tamura Tomohiko 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe transcription factor interferon regulatory factor-5 (IRF5) plays an important role in innate immune responses via the TLR-MyD88 (Toll-like receptor - myeloid differentiation primary response 88) pathway. IRF5 is also involved in the pathogenesis of the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Recent studies have identified new regulators, both positive and negative, which act on IRF5 activation events in the TLR-MyD88 pathway such as post-translational modifications, dimerization and nuclear translocation. A model of the causal relationship between IRF5 activation and SLE pathogenesis proposes that a loss of the negative regulation of IRF5 causes its hyperactivation, resulting in hyperproduction of type I interferons and other cytokines, and ultimately in the development of SLE. Importantly, to our knowledge, all murine models of SLE studied thus far have shown that IRF5 is required for the pathogenesis of SLE-like diseases. During the development of SLE-like diseases, IRF5 plays key roles in various cell types, including dendritic cells and B cells. It is noteworthy that the onset of SLE-like diseases can be inhibited by reducing the activity or amount of IRF5 by half. Therefore, IRF5 is an important therapeutic target of SLE, and selective suppression of its activity and expression may potentially lead to the development of new therapies.
National or political cake? The political economy of intergovernmental transfers in Nigeria
Authors: Maystadt Jean-François , Salihu Muhammad-Kabir 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Rule-based intergovernmental transfers are often presented as the panacea to avoid the manipulation of transfers for political motives. We question that assertion in the case of Nigeria, where these transfers are highly dependent on natural resources and likely to be subject to elite capture. In this article, we use oil windfalls as a source of exogenous variation in the political discretion an incumbent government can exert in rule-based transfers. Exploiting within-state variation between 2007 and 2015 in Nigeria, an increase in VAT transfers induced by higher oil windfalls is found to improve the electoral fortune of an incumbent government. Our results question the promotion of rule-based transfers as a one-fits-all institutional solution in resource-abundant countries with relatively weak institutions.
Marketing Exposure Recall is Associated With Past 30-Day Single, Dual, Polytobacco Use Among US Adolescents
Authors: Mantey Dale S , Creamer MeLisa R , Pasch Keryn E , Perry Cheryl L 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Introduction
This study assesses the relationship between tobacco/e-cigarette marketing exposure and single, dual, and polytobacco product use, among adolescents. Given the increased use of noncigarette tobacco products (eg, cigars, e-cigarettes, hookah) among youth, it is imperative to understand if marketing exposure is associated with dual and polytobacco product use.

Methods
Data were obtained from the 2014 National Youth Tobacco Survey and weighted to be representative of US middle and high school students. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression models were used to assess the relationships between product marketing (via internet, print, retail, and TV/movies) and past 30-day single, dual, and poly (three or more) tobacco product use. Three analyses were conducted using different categories as referent groups to allow for comprehensive examination of the relationships between all groups.

Results
Marketing exposure was significantly correlated with a greater risk of single, dual, and polytobacco product use relative to nonusers. Relative to single product users, product marketing exposure was significantly correlated with a greater relative risk of dual and polytobacco use. There was no statistical difference in the association of marketing exposure between dual and polytobacco use, in any model.

Conclusion
A positive relationship between tobacco product marketing exposure and number of tobacco products used was observed. The magnitude of the relationship grew from single product to dual/poly use. Restrictions of marketing of all tobacco products, similar to cigarettes, particularly in the retail setting, should be considered.

Implications
This study has two primary public health implications. First, self-reported exposure to tobacco/e-cigarette marketing is widespread among adolescents of all tobacco product categories. Second, this widespread exposure to tobacco/e-cigarette marketing appears to not only be correlated with use of a single tobacco product (eg, cigarettes, e-cigarettes), but also multiple tobacco products. While longitudinal studies are needed to further investigate the relationships observed in this study, findings justify further study given the known relationship between tobacco marketing exposure and subsequent cigarette use.
Patient features and survival of pediatric aplastic anemia in the USA: a large institution experience
Authors: Hossain M J , Xie S 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundWe performed the first epidemiologic investigation to examine association of demographics and clinical characteristics at diagnosis, as well as health care expense coverage, with survival of US children with aplastic anemia (AA).MethodsWe obtained electronic medical record data of 1140 children aged 0–19 years diagnosed with AA followed at a pediatric health system between 2004 and 2014. Kaplan–Meier curve and Cox proportional hazards regressions were used.ResultsSelf-pay patients had a mortality risk five times higher than that of those insured by publicly funded insurance (hazards ratio, 95% CI: 6.0, 3.7–9.8). Other features associated with higher mortality risk include pancytopenia (hazards ratio, referent: 4.2, constitutional AA); underweight (2.0, normal-weight); platelet count <50 × 109/l (1.3, ≥50 × 109/l); male sex (1.3, female); and ages at diagnosis 6–11, 11–16 and 16–19 years (1.6, 1.9, 2.3, 1–3 years), respectively.ConclusionsSelf-pay was the strongest prognostic factor for pediatric AA mortality. Older age, pancytopenia, underweight, male sex and lower platelet count were also associated with increased risk of mortality. These findings may be useful for providers, researchers and policymakers to ensure effective health care delivery to this population and to motivate future etiologic research and establishment of a surveillance registry.
Fine Endmesolithic Fish Caviar Meal Discovered by Proteomics of Foodcrusts
Authors: Shevchenko Anna , Schuhmann Andrea , Wetzel Günter 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe role of aquatic resources in ancient economies and paleodiet is important for understanding the evolution of prehistorical societies. However, conventional archaeometric approaches lack organismal specificity, are affected by abundant environmental contaminants and do not elucidate food processing recipes. We performed proteomics analysis of charred organic deposits adhered on early ceramics from Mesolithic-Neolithic inland site Friesack 4 (Brandenburg, Germany). Proteomics of foodcrust from a vessel attributed to Endmesolithic pottery identified fine carp roe meal and revealed details of a prehistorical culinary recipe. We propose that Endmesolithic occupants of Friesack at the end of the 5thmillennium BC utilized fish as a food reserve and adopted delayed-return subsistence strategy. These data contribute to better understanding of the dietary context of Neolithic transition in European inland.
Potential combined pro-cognitive, anxiolytic and antidepressant properties of novel GABAA receptor positive modulators with preferential efficacy at the α5-subunit
Authors: Prevot Thomas D. , Li Guanguan , Vidojevic Aleksandra , Misquitta Keith A. , Fee Corey , Santrac Anja , Knutson Daniel E. , Stephen Michael R. , Kodali Revathi , Zahn Nicolas M. , Arnold Leggy A. , Scholze Petra , Fisher Janet L. , Marković Bojan D. , Banasr Mounira , Cook Jim , Savic Miroslav , Sibille Etienne 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTAltered γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) function is consistently reported in psychiatric disorders, normal aging and neurodegenerative disorders, and reduced function of somatostatin - expressing GABA interneurons is associated with both mood and cognitive symptoms. Somatostatin-neurons signal in part through α5-subunit containing GABAA receptors (α5-GABAA-Rs) which are localized in brain regions implicated in emotion and cognition. We hypothesize that enhancing α5-GABAA-R activity has therapeutic potential for both mood and cognitive symptoms in stress-based and aging rodent models.We synthesized four novel imidazobenzodiazepine (IBZD) amide ligands, tested them for positive allosteric modulation at α5-GABAA-R (α5-PAM), pharmacokinetic properties, and for anxiolytic and antidepressant activities in adult mice. Pro-cognitive activity was tested in adult mice submitted to chronic stress and in old mice. Diazepam (DZP), with broad PAM activity at GABAA-Rs, was used as a control.Three novel IBZD amide ligands (GL-II-73, GL-II-74 and GL-II-75) demonstrated adequate brain penetration, affinity and α5-PAM activity, and metabolic stability for in vivo studies. GL-II-73/74/75 showed significant anxiolytic and antidepressant efficacies in adult mice. GL-II-73 and GL-II-75 significantly reversed cognitive deficits induced by stress or occurring throughout normal aging. This activity was maintained after sub-chronic administration for GL-II-73. In contrast DZP displayed anxiolytic but no antidepressant or pro-cognitive activities.We demonstrate for the first time the potential for combined anxiolytic, antidepressant and pro-cognitive therapeutic, mediated by newly designed IBDZ amide ligands with efficacy at α5-GABAA-Rs. These results suggest a novel therapeutic approach targeting both mood and cognitive symptoms in depression and/or aging.
VARAN-GIE: Curation of Genomic Interval Sets
Authors: Popitsch Niko 
Published: May 2018

AbstractGenomic interval sets are fundamental elements of genome annotation and are the output of countless bioinformatics applications. Nevertheless, tool support for the manual curation of these data is currently limited. We developed VARAN-GIE, an extension of the popular Integrative Genomics Viewer (IGV) that adds functionality to edit, annotate and merge genomic interval sets. Data can easily be shared with other users and imported/exported from/to multiple common data formats. VARAN-GIE binary releases, source-code, user guides and tutorials are available at https://github.com/popitsch/varan-gie/