bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Beyond the facts’: how a U.S. sociologist made John Stuart Mill into a ‘Neo-Malthusian’*
Authors: Stack David 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This article explores the roots of the characterization of John Stuart Mill as a ‘Neo-Malthusian’. Making extensive use of the Norman E. Himes Papers, held at the Countway Library of Medicine, it shows that Himes, a U.S. sociologist and committed birth control campaigner in the inter-war period, framed a characterization of Mill that endures to this day. The article demonstrates how and why Himes repeatedly took his arguments ‘beyond the facts’, partly in response to a dispute with the British birth control campaigner Marie Stopes, and established the practice of referring to Mill as a ‘Neo-Malthusian’. The article concludes by arguing that the term impedes more than it aids our understanding and Mill scholars would benefit from stripping away decades of accreted interpretation.
ACTN1 mutations lead to a benign form of platelet macrocytosis not always associated with thrombocytopenia
Authors: Faleschini Michela , Melazzini Federica , Marconi Caterina , Giangregorio Tania , Pippucci Tommaso , Cigalini Elena , Pecci Alessandro , Bottega Roberta , Ramenghi Ugo , Siitonen Timo , Seri Marco , Pastore Annalisa , Savoia Anna , Noris Patrizia 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThe inherited thrombocytopenias (IT) are a heterogeneous group of diseases resulting from mutations in more than 30 different genes. Among them, ACTN1‐related thrombocytopenia (ACTN1‐RT; Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man: 615193) is one of the most recently identified forms. It has been described as a mild autosomal dominant macrothrombocytopenia caused by mutations in ACTN1, a gene encoding for one of the two non‐muscle isoforms of α‐actinin. We recently identified seven new unrelated families with ACTN1‐RT caused by different mutations. Two of them are novel missense variants (p.Trp128Cys and p.Pro233Leu), whose pathogenic role has been confirmed by in vitro studies. Together with the 10 families we have previously described, our cohort of ACTN1‐RT now consists of 49 individuals carrying ACTN1 mutations. This is the largest case series ever collected and enabled a critical evaluation of the clinical aspects of the disease. We concluded that ACTN1‐RT is the fourth most frequent form of IT worldwide and it is characterized by platelet macrocytosis in all affected subjects and mild thrombocytopenia in less than 80% of cases. The risk of bleeding, either spontaneous or upon haemostatic challenge, is negligible and there are no other associated defects, either congenital or acquired. Therefore, ACTN1‐RT is a benign form of IT, whose diagnosis provides affected individuals and their families with a good prognosis.
Extending the known distribution of the Vedde Ash into Siberia: occurrence in lake sediments from the Timan Ridge and the Ural Mountains, northern Russia
Authors: Haflidason Haflidi , Regnéll Carl , Pyne‐O'Donnell Sean , Svendsen John Inge 
Published: October 2018

Tephra shards from the Vedde Ash eruption have been identified in two lakes from northwestern Russia and the Polar Ural Mountains. This is the most distal and easternmost occurrence of this regional tephra marker horizon found so far and it extends the area of the Vedde Ash tephra more than 1700 km further east than previously documented. This means that particles the size of fine sand have travelled more than 4000 km from the Katla volcano source, south Iceland. These findings offer a new possibility to correlate archives over a very long distance in the time period around the Younger Dryas.
The biogeography of home range size of woodland caribou Rangifer tarandus caribou
Authors: Wilson Kaitlin S. , Pond Bruce A. , Brown Glen S. , Schaefer James A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimPopulation‐limiting factors represent the core of conservation biology. Because animal space use is affected by ecological constraints that can vary among populations, limiting factors might be revealed from intraspecific variation in home range size. We evaluated biogeographic variation in the home range size of woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou), a threatened species inhabiting the boreal forest, in relation to land cover, topography, snowcover and disturbance across the species’ range.LocationTwenty‐five populations in Canada, spanning the contiguous boreal forest (an east–west extent of 4,400 km), including the southern fringe of the species’ range, adjacent to a broad region of extirpation.MethodsWe compiled the average annual home range size of adult female caribou (5–68 home ranges per population) and 18 putative predictor variables in each population range. We uncovered major gradients using principal components analysis and then evaluated models of home range size using multiple regression, with orthogonal variables representing vegetation, human disturbance and snowcover.ResultsAverage home range size varied 28‐fold among populations (range: 312–8,838 km2). Home range area was most strongly and negatively correlated with anthropogenic disturbance in the population range (R2 = 0.391), a variable in all seven top models (ΔAICc ≤ 5.99). Among populations, where human disturbance in the population range was low (≤10%), mean home range sizes consistently exceeded 1,400 km2. Conversely, where human disturbance was high (>55%), especially at the species’ southern range margin, mean home range sizes did not exceed 1,500 km2.Main ConclusionsIn the boreal forest, female caribou may constrict their home ranges amid human‐caused disturbances. We speculate that smaller home ranges may lower the risk of encounter by predators, a key limiting factor. Among populations, smaller home ranges may serve as a signal of anthropogenic habitat loss.
Dance and rehabilitation in cerebral palsy: a systematic search and review
Authors: López‐Ortiz Citlali , Gaebler‐Spira Deborah J , Mckeeman Sara N , Mcnish Reika N , Green Dido 
Published: October 2018

AimTo conduct a review of research literature on the use of dance and movement with music (rhythmic auditory stimulation [RAS]) in the neurorehabilitation of children and adults with cerebral palsy (CP).MethodWe conducted a systematic search and quality appraisal of the research literature on dance and RAS in CP. Additionally, we linked the research outcomes to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework.ResultsStudies showed preliminary evidence of the benefits of dance and RAS on body functions, particularly balance, gait, walking, and cardiorespiratory fitness for individuals with CP. Research gaps are evident across all domains of the ICF, particularly in the participation and environment domains.InterpretationTo facilitate translation of quantitative research outcomes to the clinical classification of the ICF, a table was constructed that links traditional areas of quantitative rehabilitation research with the ICF categories highlighting areas of research strengths and areas where increased rigor is desirable. The potential for dance and RAS to have positive impacts on body functions, emotional expression, social participation, and attitudinal change are indicated areas for consideration in future research.What this paper adds

The potential for dance and movement to music help balance, gait, and walking in children and adults with cerebral palsy.

Research gaps are evident across International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health domains, particularly participation and environment domains.
Low doses of dasiglucagon consistently increase plasma glucose levels from hypoglycaemia and euglycaemia in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Hövelmann Ulrike , Olsen Minna Brændholt , Mouritzen Ulrik , Lamers Daniela , Kronshage Birgit , Heise Tim 
Published: October 2018

AimTo characterize the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of dasiglucagon, a novel, stable and liquid formulated glucagon analogue, during hypoglycaemic and euglycaemic conditions in adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.Research Design and MethodsIn this randomized double‐blind trial, 17 patients received four single subcutaneous doses (0.03, 0.08, 0.2 and 0.6 mg) of dasiglucagon (4 mg/mL formulation) under euglycaemic (plasma glucose [PG] 5.6 mmol/L [100 mg/dL]) or hypoglycaemic (PG 3.1‐3.7 mmol/L [56‐66 mg/dL]) conditions. For comparison, three doses (0.03, 0.08 and 0.2 mg) of a commercial glucagon formulation (Eli Lilly) were investigated at euglycaemia.ResultsDasiglucagon led to a dose‐dependent and rapid increase in PG levels across all doses tested (mean increases 30 minutes post‐dosing of 2.2 to 4.4 mmol/L [39‐80 mg/dL] from euglycaemia and 1.3 to 5.2 mmol/L [24‐94 mg/dL] from hypoglycaemia), which was higher than the rises elicited by similar doses of commercial glucagon (1.7‐3.9 mmol/L [30‐71 mg/dL]). The median time (range) to an increase in PG of >1.1 mmol/L (20 mg/dL) was <20 (18‐19.5) minutes with 0.03 mg dasiglucagon and, with higher doses, the median times ranged from 9 to 15 minutes (commercial glucagon 13‐14 minutes). In hypoglycaemia, 0.03 and 0.08 mg dasiglucagon re‐established normoglycaemia (PG ≥3.9 mmol/L [70 mg/dL]) within median times of 14 and 10 minutes, respectively. Nausea and vomiting occurred more frequently with dasiglucagon than with commercial glucagon at identical doses which might be attributable to dasiglucagon's higher potency.ConclusionDasiglucagon rapidly increased PG at doses of 0.03 to 0.6 mg in a dose‐dependent manner and, therefore, is a good candidate for use in dual‐hormone artificial pancreas systems.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐infected patients with low hepatitis B surface antigen and high hepatitis B core‐related antigen titers have a high risk of HBV‐related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Suzuki Yuichiro , Maekawa Shinya , Komatsu Nobutoshi , Sato Mitsuaki , Tatsumi Akihisa , Miura Mika , Matsuda Shuya , Muraoka Masaru , Nakakuki Natsuko , Shindo Hiroko , Amemiya Fumitake , Takano Shinichi , Fukasawa Mitsuharu , Nakayama Yasuhiro , Yamaguchi Tatsuya , Inoue Taisuke , Sato Tadashi , Sakamoto Minoru , Yamashita Atsuya , Moriishi Kohji , Enomoto Nobuyuki 
Published: October 2018

AimAlthough the viral markers hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B core‐related antigen (HbcrAg) could reflect intrahepatic hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication activity and constitute important biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the value of using these two markers in combination for assessing HCC risk has not been clarified in detail.MethodsFour hundred and forty‐nine consecutive patients with chronic HBV infection were included in the study and the association of HBsAg and HBcrAg with HCC risk was investigated cross‐sectionally, as well as longitudinally.ResultsWhen the high value cut‐offs of HBsAg and HBcrAg were defined as 3.0 log IU/mL and 3.0 log U/mL, respectively, patients with a history of HCC were found frequently in the low HBsAg group (P = 0.002) and high HBcrAg group (P < 0.001). When HBsAg and HBcrAg were combined, an HCC history was most frequent in the subset with low HBsAg and high HBcrAg, among the HBeAg‐negative patients (odds ratio [OR], 7.83; P < 0.001), irrespective of nucleos(t) ide analogue (NA) therapy (NA: OR, 4.76; P < 0.001; non‐NA: OR, 9.60; P < 0.001). In a longitudinal analysis of the subsequent development of HCC, carried out on the 338 patients without an HCC history at enrollment, HCC developed significantly more frequently in the low HBsAg/high HBcrAg group (P = 0.005).ConclusionsPatients with low HBsAg/high HBcrAg values are at high risk of developing HBV‐related HCC, according to this cross‐sectional and longitudinal analysis, indicating that the combination of HBsAg and HBcrAg values is an excellent biomarker for assessing HCC risk.
Effect of magnesium silicate on 3D gel‐printing of hydroxyapatite ceramic composite scaffold
Authors: He Jianzhuang , Shao Huiping , Lin Tao 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe hydroxyapatite scaffolds doped with MgSiO3were prepared by 3D gel‐printing technology in this study. The effect of MgSiO3on the scaffold characteristics has been studied, and the composite ceramic scaffold with higher strength was obtained. The viscosity of different MgSiO3weight percentages slurry decrease with the shear rate increasing. When the solid loading was 50 vol% and the shear rate was 100 S−1, the viscosity of the slurry decrease with weight percent of MgSiO3increasing. The scaffold has interconnected internal structures and the sintered body has a pore size of about 350‐620 μm. The porosity of the scaffolds with different weight percents of MgSiO3is kept at 65%, and the scaffold with 3% MgSiO3has the highest compressive strength of 93.15 MPa. As increasing weight percent of MgSiO3, the compressive strength of the scaffold gradually decreases and remains at 40 MPa eventually. The ceramic scaffold with 3% MgSiO3has better degradability than that of other weight percents of MgSiO3. After soaking in Tris‐HCl solution for 5 weeks, the weight loss of the scaffold reached 9.91%.
A mixed methods analysis of maternal response to children's consumption of a palatable food: differences by child weight status
Authors: Pesch M. H. , Viechnicki G. B. , Appugliese D. P. , Kaciroti N. , Rosenblum K. L. , Miller A. L. , Lumeng J. C. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryBackgroundLittle is known about how mothers respond to their child eating palatable foods.ObjectivesThe objectives of the study are to examine maternal behaviours when children are presented with a large portion of energy‐dense palatable food in an experimental setting and to examine differences by child weight status.MethodsMother–child dyads (N = 37) (mean child age 70.8 months) participated in a videotaped eating protocol with cupcakes. Anthropometrics were measured. Videos were analysed using discourse analysis and were reliably coded for the presence or absence of the most salient theme. Analysis of variance examined theme presence by child and mother weight status.ResultsMothers disavowed responsibility for their child's eating. Mothers were observed to roll their eyes at the child, throw their hands up in exasperation and distance themselves both physically and emotionally when the child ate the cupcakes voraciously or with high enjoyment. Mothers of children with obesity (vs recommended weight) engaged in more counts of disavowal (p = 0.01).ConclusionsMothers of children with obesity distanced themselves from their child, seeming to disavow responsibility for the child's eating of ‘junk food’. Mothers may respond to their child's seemingly gluttonous eating by disavowing responsibility due to the stigma of being a parent of a child with obesity.
Internal Adaptation of Implant‐Supported, Polymer‐Infused Ceramic Crowns Fabricated by Two CAD/CAM Systems
Authors: Talic Reem , Alfadda Sara A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this in vitro study was to compare the internal 3D adaptation of polymer‐infused ceramic crowns fabricated using two CAD/CAM systems: CEREC inLab MC XL and Ceramill Motion 2 (5X).Materials and MethodsTwenty‐five implant‐supported metal‐ceramic crowns were fabricated conventionally using the lost‐wax technique, and the outer contour was scanned to serve as a guide for designing the polymer‐infused ceramic CAD/CAM crowns. Twenty‐five crowns were fabricated using CEREC, and 25 crowns were fabricated using Ceramill. The cement space was set to 20 μm. The Zeiss Accura Microsystem Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM), Calypso, and Geomagic software were used to measure the 3D accuracy of fit of all crowns to their respective implant abutments. To test for the statistical significance between groups in terms of 3D total distortion, a one‐way ANOVA was conducted. The Kolmogorov‐Smirnov test was used to investigate the differences in the x, y, and z coordinates. A p‐value of 0.05 or less was considered statistically significant at an alpha level of 0.05.ResultsComparing the 3D misfit of metal‐ceramic crowns to those of CAD/CAM crowns fabricated using CEREC revealed no significant difference (88.20 ± 36.59 μm vs. 102.45 ± 36.58 μm, p = 0.161). Similarly, no significant difference in 3D total distortion was identified between metal‐ceramic crowns and crowns fabricated using Ceramill (88.20 ± 36.59 μm vs. 78.40 ± 31.03 μm, p = 0.336); however, the 3D total distortion of polymer‐infused crowns made by Ceramill was significantly reduced compared to that of crowns fabricated by CEREC (78.3 ± 31.0 μm vs. 102.4 ± 36.5 μm, p = 0.019).ConclusionsPolymer‐infused ceramic crowns fabricated using CEREC exhibited the least accurate 3D fit. All misfit values of the tested groups were within clinically acceptable levels.
Pharmacokinetics of sanguinarine, chelerythrine, and their metabolites in broiler chickens following oral and intravenous administration
Authors: Hu Nan‐Xi , Chen Mei , Liu Yi‐Song , Shi Qi , Yang Bo , Zhang Huan‐Cheng , Cheng Pi , Tang Qi , Liu Zhao‐Ying , Zeng Jian‐Guo 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSanguinarine (SA) and chelerythrine (CHE) are the main active components of the phytogenic livestock feed additive, Sangrovit®. However, little information is available on the pharmacokinetics of Sangrovit® in poultry. The goal of this work was to study the pharmacokinetics of SA, CHE, and their metabolites, dihydrosanguinarine (DHSA) and dihydrochelerythrine (DHCHE), in 10 healthy female broiler chickens following oral (p.o.) administration of Sangrovit® and intravenous (i.v.) administration of a mixture of SA and CHE. The plasma samples were processed using two different simple protein precipitation methods because the parent drugs and metabolites are stable under different pH conditions. The absorption and metabolism of SA following p.o. administration were fast, with half‐life (t1/2) values of 1.05 ± 0.18 hr and 0.83 ± 0.10 hr for SA and DHSA, respectively. The maximum concentration (Cmax) of DHSA (2.49 ± 1.4 μg/L) was higher that of SA (1.89 ± 0.8 μg/L). The area under the concentration vs. time curve (AUC) values for SA and DHSA were 9.92 ± 5.4 and 6.08 ± 3.49 ng/ml hr, respectively. Following i.v. administration, the clearance (CL) of SA was 6.79 ± 0.63 (L·h−1·kg−1) with a t1/2 of 0.34 ± 0.13 hr. The AUC values for DHSA and DHCHE were 7.48 ± 1.05 and 0.52 ± 0.09 (ng/ml hr), respectively. These data suggested that Sangrovit® had low absorption and bioavailability in broiler chickens. The work reported here provides useful information on the pharmacokinetic behavior of Sangrovit® after p.o. and i.v. administration in broiler chickens, which is important for the evaluation of its use in poultry.
Using some forensic anthropology history to illustrate regression
Authors: Croucher John S. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThe use of real contexts and history in the teaching of statistical principles holds much attraction in the classroom. This is especially so when the examples used are in situations that are quite out of the ordinary but can lead to further investigation by the students. Previous instances of these have been used with great effect with sporting data and even courtroom decisions. In this article, a very practical problem in forensic science is tackled using elementary statistics with some spectacular and extremely useful results.
Adaptation of Clinical Practice Guideline Recommendations in Hospitals for People Living With Dementia and Their Caregivers
Authors: Mack Sandra , Hahn Sabine , Palli Christoph , Findling Thomas , Lohrmann Christa 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundDementia is common in older people in general hospitals. To improve the quality of their care, the use of nonpharmacological interventions based on the best evidence from clinical guidelines is recommended. Many international clinical guidelines exist, but their recommendations are often not used because they do not fit the local setting or the country.AimThe aim of this study was to adapt the international clinical guidelines and their recommendations to the Austrian context regarding nonpharmacological interventions for people with dementia living in the general hospital setting.MethodsThe ADAPTE process was chosen as a method for the adaptation. A search for international clinical guidelines was conducted in seven databases within this process. The guidelines which met the inclusion and quality criteria were assessed with the AGREE II instrument by two independent reviewers. The recommendations of the guidelines were extracted. Those that did not fit the Austrian context were excluded, and recommendations with similar statements were summarized. The selected and modified recommendations were translated into German.ResultsOut of 206 guidelines, three met the inclusion criteria and two, the quality criteria. One hundred and fifty‐two recommendations were extracted from these two guidelines, 42 of which were suitable for the Austrian setting and 20 of which had similar statements and could be summarized. Finally, 32 recommendations were identified that were applicable to the general hospital setting in Austria.Linking Evidence to ActionThe adaptation of clinical guidelines with the ADAPTE process generated seven topics with 32 recommendations. Many international guidelines exist, but they cannot be applied verbatim in every country due to the fact that some recommendations are not applicable with respect to the national and local context. Creating an adaption of international guidelines is an effective way to provide and link evidence from research to national nursing practice.
Fat clearance of upper gastrointestinal resection specimens increases lymph node yield and may result in nodal upstaging
Authors: Griffin Jon , Bunning Clare , Dubé Asha 
Published: October 2018

IntroductionLymph node retrieval and quantification is an important element in staging upper gastrointestinal cancers. Our department introduced fat clearance for oesophagectomy and gastrectomy specimens in 2014. This study assessed the impact of this change on lymph node yield and upstaging.MethodsWe reviewed histopathology data for upper gastrointestinal resection specimens. Patient demographics, clinical, macroscopic and microscopic data were compared with a historical cohort who did not undergo fat clearance.ResultsOf 158 patients, 133 resection specimens received fat clearance resulting in a significantly higher lymph node yield than the historical cohort (22 vs 13 lymph nodes, p<0.0001). Fat clearance found additional positive nodes in 24.1% of patients and increased the number of cases achieving a minimum node yield of 15. Nodes found by fat clearance caused upstaging in 15% of the cohort.DiscussionFat clearance increases node yield in upper gastrointestinal resection specimens and may cause nodal upstaging.