bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatially Resolved Dense Molecular Gas Excitation in the Nearby LIRG VV 114
Authors: Saito Toshiki , Iono Daisuke , Espada Daniel , Nakanishi Kouichiro , Ueda Junko , Sugai Hajime , Yun Min S. , Takano Shuro , Imanishi Masatoshi , Michiyama Tomonari , Ohashi Satoshi , Lee Minju , Hagiwara Yoshiaki , Motohara Kentaro , Yamashita Takuji , Ando Misaki , Kawabe Ryohei 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We present high-resolution observations (0.″2–1.″5) of multiple dense gas tracers, HCN and HCO+ (J = 1–0, 3–2, and 4–3), HNC (J = 1–0), and CS (J = 7–6) lines, toward the nearby luminous infrared galaxy VV 114 with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. All lines are robustly detected at the central gaseous filamentary structure, including the eastern nucleus and the overlap region, the collision interface of the progenitors. We found that there is no correlation between star formation efficiency and dense gas fraction, indicating that the amount of dense gas does not simply control star formation in VV 114. We predict the presence of more turbulent and diffuse molecular gas clouds around the overlap region compared to those at the nuclear region, assuming a turbulence-regulated star formation model. The intracloud turbulence at the overlap region might be excited by galaxy-merger-induced shocks, which also explains the enhancement of gas-phase CH3OH abundance previously found there. We also present spatially resolved spectral line energy distributions of HCN and HCO+ for the first time, and derive excitation parameters by assuming optically thin and local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) conditions. The LTE model revealed that warmer, HCO+-poorer molecular gas medium is dominated around the eastern nucleus, harboring an active galactic nucleus (AGN). The HCN abundance is remarkably flat (∼3.5 × 10−9) independently of the various environments within the filament of VV 114 (i.e., AGN, star formation, and shock).
The Search for Neutrinos from TXS 0506+056 with the ANTARES Telescope
Authors: Albert A. , André M. , Anghinolfi M. , Anton G. , Ardid M. , Aubert J.-J. , Aublin J. , Avgitas T. , Baret B. , Barrios-Martí J. , Basa S. , Belhorma B. , Bertin V. , Biagi S. , Bormuth R. , Boumaaza J. , Bourret S. , Bouwhuis M. C. , Brânzaş H. , Bruijn R. , Brunner J. , Busto J. , Capone A. , Caramete L. , Carr J. , Celli S. , Chabab M. , El Moursli R. Cherkaoui , Chiarusi T. , Circella M. , Coelho J. A. B. , Coleiro A. , Colomer M. , Coniglione R. , Costantini H. , Coyle P. , Creusot A. , Díaz A. F. , Deschamps A. , Distefano C. , Palma I. Di , Domi A. , Donà R. , Donzaud C. , Dornic D. , Drouhin D. , Eberl T. , Bojaddaini I. El , Khayati N. El , Elsässer D. , Enzenhöfer A. , Ettahiri A. , Fassi F. , Felis I. , Fermani P. , Ferrara G. , Fusco L. , Gay P. , Glotin H. , Grégoire T. , Ruiz R. Gracia , Graf K. , Hallmann S. , Haren H. van , Heijboer A. J. , Hello Y. , Hernández-Rey J. J. , Hößl J. , Hofestädt J. , Illuminati G. , Jong M. de , Jongen M. , Kadler M. , Kalekin O. , Katz U. , Khan-Chowdhury N. R. , Kouchner A. , Kreter M. , Kreykenbohm I. , Kulikovskiy V. , Lachaud C. , Lahmann R. , Lefèvre D. , Leonora E. , Lotze M. , Loucatos S. , Marcelin M. , Margiotta A. , Marinelli A. , Martínez-Mora J. A. , Mele R. , Melis K. , Migliozzi P. , Moussa A. , Navas S. , Nezri E. , Nuñez A. , Organokov M. , Păvălaş G. E. , Pellegrino C. , Piattelli P. , Popa V. , Pradier T. , Quinn L. , Racca C. , Randazzo N. , Riccobene G. , Sánchez-Losa A. , Saldaña M. , Salvadori I. , Samtleben D. F. E. , Sanguineti M. , Sapienza P. , Schüssler F. , Spurio M. , Stolarczyk Th. , Taiuti M. , Tayalati Y. , Trovato A. , Vallage B. , Elewyck V. Van , Versari F. , Vivolo D. , Wilms J. , Zaborov D. , Zornoza J. D. , Zúñiga J. ,   (ANTARES Collaboration)
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The results of three different searches for neutrino candidates, associated with the IceCube-170922A event or from the direction of TXS 0506+056, by the ANTARES neutrino telescope, are presented. The first search refers to the online follow-up of the IceCube alert; the second is based on the standard time-integrated method employed by the Collaboration to search for point-like neutrino sources; the third uses information from the IceCube time-dependent analysis that reported bursting activity centered on 2014 December 13, as input for an ANTARES time-dependent analysis. The online follow-up and the time-dependent analysis yield no events related to the source. The time-integrated study performed over a period from 2007 to 2017 fits 1.03 signal events, which corresponds to a p-value of 3.4% (not considering trial factors). Only for two other astrophysical objects in our candidate list has a smaller p-value been found. When considering that 107 sources have been investigated, the post-trial p-value for TXS 0506+056 corresponds to 87%.
A multitiered approach for grassland ecosystem services mapping and assessment: The Viva Grass tool
Authors: Villoslada Miguel , Vinogradovs Ivo , Ruskule Anda , Veidemane Kristina , Nikodemus Olgerts , Kasparinskis Raimonds , Sepp Kalev , Gulbinas Justas 
Published: August 2018

Throughout the second half of the 20th Century, the area of semi-natural grasslands in the Baltic States decreased substantially, due to agricultural abandonment in some areas and intensification in more productive soil types. In order to halt the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services provided by grasslands, the LIFE+ programme funded project, LIFE Viva Grass, aims at developing an integrated planning tool that will support ecosystem-based planning and sustainable grassland management. LIFE Viva Grass integrated planning tool is spatially explicit and allows the user to assess the provision and trade-offs of grassland ecosystem services within eight project case study areas in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
In order to ensure methodological adaptability, the structure of the LIFE Viva Grass integrated planning tool follows the framework of the tiered approach. In a multi-tier system, each consecutive tier entails an increase in data requirements, methodological complexity or both. The present paper outlines the adaptation of the tiered approach for mapping and assessing ecosystem services provided by grasslands in the Baltic States. The first tier corresponds to a deliberative decision process: The matrix approach is used to assess the potential supply of grassland ecosystem services based on expert estimations. Expert values are subsequently transferred to grassland units and therefore made spatially explicit. The data collected in the first tier was further enhanced through a Principal Components Analysis (PCA) in order to explore ES bundles in tier 2. In the third tier, Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis is used to target specific policy questions.
CSF-1 in Inflammatory and Arthritic Pain Development
Authors: Saleh Reem , Lee Ming-Chin , Khiew Stella H. , Louis Cynthia , Fleetwood Andrew J. , Achuthan Adrian , Förster Irmgard , Cook Andrew D. , Hamilton John A. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Pain is one of the most debilitating symptoms in many diseases for which there is inadequate management and understanding. CSF-1, also known as M-CSF, acts via its receptor (CSF-1R, c-Fms) to regulate the development of the monocyte/macrophage lineage and to act locally in tissues to control macrophage numbers and function. It has been implicated in the control of neuropathic pain via a central action on microglia. We report in this study that systemic administration of a neutralizing anti–CSF-1R or CSF-1 mAb inhibits the development of inflammatory pain induced by zymosan, GM-CSF, and TNF in mice. This approach also prevented but did not ameliorate the development of arthritic pain and optimal disease driven by the three stimuli in mice, suggesting that CSF-1 may only be relevant when the driving inflammatory insults in tissues are acute and/or periodic. Systemic CSF-1 administration rapidly induced pain and enhanced the arthritis in an inflamed mouse joint, albeit via a different pathway(s) from that used by systemic GM-CSF and TNF. It is concluded that CSF-1 can function peripherally during the generation of inflammatory pain and hence may be a target for such pain and associated disease, including when the clinically important cytokines, TNF and GM-CSF, are involved. Our findings have ramifications for the selection and design of anti–CSF-1R/CSF-1 trials.
Using erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser irradiation in different energy output levels versus ultrasonic in removal of root canal filling materials in endodontic retreatment
Authors: Gorduysus Mehmet Omer , Al-Rubai Hanin , Salman Basheer , Al Saady Deena , Al-Dagistani Hiba , Muftuoglu Sevda 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT
Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser irradiation in different energy outputs versus ultrasonic in gutta-percha removal during the endodontic retreatment. Materials and Methods: A total of 21 extracted human lower premolars were divided into three groups (n = 7). Following the standardized preparation of the root canals with Wave One Rotary system and obturation with gutta-percha: Group I was treated with ultrasonic, Group II by Er:YAG laser with 40 mJ/Pulse, and Group III by Er:YAG laser with 50 mJ/Pulse for the removal of gutta-percha from the canals. Two extra teeth were treated by Er:YAG laser with 135 mJ/Pulse as control group. For all groups, time for gutta-percha removal was recorded. Samples were then splited into two halves and tested by scanning electron microscope and stereomicroscopic evaluation under different magnification power to observe the efficacy of each method used in the removal of gutta-percha. Results: Statistical analysis of Kruskal–Wallis suggested that there are significant difference between the groups in relation to removal time (P < 0.05) and 2 × 2 Mann–Whitney U-test among the groups revealed that there is no significant difference between 40 and 50 mJ laser outputs (P > 0.05), but ultrasonic versus 40 and/or 50 mJ laser outputs were significantly different (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Er:YAG laser beam was not so efficient when compared to ultrasonic to reach the deeper parts of the canals as it was asserted, thermal side effects and burning damages were observed on the root canal dentinal walls. Moreover, the delivery system was not flexible enough to compensate the curvature of the canal system even though we used more straight canals as the sample ones as well as more time-consuming than the ultrasonic and more clinical time, rendering it to be less efficient in the removal of the obturation material during endodontic retreatment procedures.
The effect of environment (Dry and Natural Saliva) on clasp retention: In vitro study - Part I
Authors: Mourshed Bilal , Qaed Nashwan Mohammed , Al-Shamiri Hashem Motahir , Alaizari Nader , Alhamdah Saleh Sulaiman , Alfaqih Amal 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the importance of environments (dry and wet) to dislodge the clasp. Materials and Methods: Mandibular test models with natural premolar and molar teeth were used to test four types of clasp (each 12) (Akers, rest plate Akers [RPA], half and half [H-H], and ring clasp) in dry and natural fresh saliva environments. Each clasp was pulled out 10 times with a crosshead speed of 10 mm/min and the force required to withdraw each was measured. Statistical Analysis Used: A paired sample t-test and Wilcoxon test were used. Results: There were significant differences between the dry and wet (natural fresh saliva) environment. However, while the mean of the environment for RPA and ring clasp type was significantly different, the H-H and Akers clasp type was not. Conclusion: The environment has an effect on dislodging the clasp but differs according to the type of clasp.
Tooth extraction: Pattern and etiology from extreme Northwestern Nigeria
Authors: Taiwo Abdurrazaq Olanrewaju , Ibikunle Adebayo Aremu , Braimah Ramat Oyebunmi , Sulaiman Omotayo Amidu , Gbotolorun Olalekan Micah 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT
Objective: Tooth extraction is a commonly performed procedure in dental clinics. It has been shown that the reasons for and pattern of tooth extraction vary across geographical regions. Few reports on the pattern of extraction among a semi-urban populace exist. To the best of our knowledge, there is no study on the pattern and reasons for tooth mortality from Sokoto, Northwestern Nigeria, which is a semi-urban region. Materials and Methods: A review of the records of patients that had tooth extraction at our center between January 2009 and January 2016, was done. Data such as the age, gender, type of tooth extracted, and reasons for extraction were retrieved and analyzed. Cross tabulations for age and gender were also made. The level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: A total of 1167 extractions were performed in 984 patients. An age range of 18–107 years with a mean (±standard deviation) of 34.8 (13.3) was observed. Most of the patients were in the 21–30 years age group accounting for 35.7% of cases. Dental caries and its sequelae (DCS) (631, 54.1%) were the most common reasons for extraction, followed by periodontal disease (192, 16.5%). The difference in proportions of reasons for tooth extraction between the gender was statistically significant (P = 0.02; df = 24). The difference in the reasons for extraction among the age groups was statistically significant (P < 0.001; df = 132). Conclusion: DCS along with periodontal disease were the major reasons for extractions. These are largely preventable causes of tooth extraction; therefore, there is a need for commencement of far-reaching preventative actions.
Peri-implantitis and extracellular matrix antibodies: A case–control study
Authors: Papi Piero , Di Carlo Stefano , Rosella Daniele , De Angelis Francesca , Capogreco Mario , Pompa Giorgio 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this case–control study was to compare patients with a healthy peri-implant environment and patients affected by peri-implantitis, evaluating the occurrence of antibodies to extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules. The authors hypothesized the presence of ECM autoantibodies in serum of peri-implantitis patients. Materials and Methods: Patients were divided into two groups: one with dental implants with a diagnosis of peri-implantitis and one control group with implants classified as being “healthy.” Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed on patients' sera to detect human antibodies to type I, III, IV, and V collagens, laminin, and fibronectin. Fisher exact test was performed to evaluate statistical association, with a significant P < 0.05. Results: Forty-two patients were enrolled in this study, 27 females (64.28%) and 15 males (35.72%) with a mean age of 53 ± 29.69 years (age range 32–74). The presence of antibodies to CIII was recorded in 6/21 (28.57%) patients of test group, compared to just 2/21 (9.52%) for the control group, showing a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Other antibodies tested were found to be not statistically significant or absent. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that further studies, with larger sample and different design, are necessary to address the research purpose, evaluating possible associations between anti-ECM antibodies and peri-implantitis.
Comparison of quality of obturation and instrumentation time using hand files and two rotary file systems in primary molars: A single-blinded randomized controlled trial
Authors: Govindaraju Lavanya , Jeevanandan Ganesh , Subramanian E. M. G. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT
Objective: In permanent dentition, different rotary systems are used for canal cleaning and shaping. Rotary instrumentation in pediatric dentistry is an emerging concept. A very few studies have compared the efficiency of rotary instrumentation for canal preparation in primary teeth. Hence, this study was performed to compare the obturation quality and instrumentation time of two rotary files systems – Protaper, Mtwo with hand files in primary molars. Materials and Methods: Forty-five primary mandibular molars were randomly allotted to one of the three groups. Instrumentation was done using K-files in Group 1; Protaper in Group 2; and Mtwo in Group 3. Instrumentation time was recorded. The canal filling quality was assessed as underfill, optimal fill, and overfill. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square, ANOVA, and post hoc Tukey test. Results: No significant difference was observed in the quality of obturation among three groups. Intergroup comparison of the instrumentation time showed a statistically significant difference between the three groups.Conclusion: The use of rotary instrumentation in primary teeth results in marked reduction in the instrumentation time and improves the quality of obturation.
Gendered teacher-student classroom interactions, student sense of equity, and student achievement
Authors: Consuegra Els , Halimi Myriam , Engels Nadine 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Teacher-student interactions have received increasing attention as a predictor of student educational outcomes. With regards to the underachievement of boys, observational studies have shown that boys receive more negative attention from their teachers than girls. In this mixed-method study, the relationship between teacher-student classroom interactions, students’ perception of equity in the classroom, initial ability, and grade retention were analysed. Questionnaires and standardised ability tests for math and reading were administered to 6380 first-year secondary students. For a subsample of 129 students, fifteen-minute fragments of video-recorded lessons were coded. Information was gathered about students’ certification (grade retention). Logistic regression analyses provide evidence for the higher likelihood of students with a lower sense of equity to receive a certificate forcing them to repeat the current year. The odds to repeat a year were also significantly higher in students that are more off task. Gender was no significant predictor and, based on the regression results of multiple models, it is hypothesised that gender effects might be mediated through sense of equity. The interaction of gender and socio-economic background (SES) was a significant predictor. High SES girls are less likely than high SES boys to repeat a year. No gender difference exists in students from low SES. Finally, lower mathematical ability was a significant predictor of grade retention.
Decolonising the public university
Authors: Gutiérrez Magallanes María del Socorro (Coco) , Hoechtl Nina , Lozano Rían 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This article examines the postgraduate Gender and Visual Culture seminar that we have been co-teaching as a team of two (and occasionally three) professors over a four-year period at the public National Autonomous University of Mexico. Throughout this seminar, we have embraced personal and collective experiences in the process of (un)teaching and (un)learning to explore the possibilities of a pedagogy of ‘contagion by contact’, both feminist and critical, encouraging creative formats.
Drawing from a range and diverse reflections, we seek to critically explore an amplified challenge of, and the need for, a collaborative and de(s)colon/ial/ising approach towards (un)teaching and (un)learning in the context of the public university as a contentious space of political engagement. This space requires a constant questioning of where to teach from (a politics of location), what to teach (culturally diverse and conflicting worldviews), and how to teach (critical and decolonising methodologies).
Innovation and Internationalization of Nigeria Deposit Money Banks
Authors: Oladimeji Moruff Sanjo , Abosede Adebiyi Julius , Eze Benneth Uchenna 
Published: August 2018

The study investigated the effect of service and process innovation on internationalization of Nigeria deposit money banks, using a survey research design. A structured questionnaire was administered to a purposively selected sample of seven hundred and sixty five (765) staff of five international banks; from the population of one thousand six hundred and fifteen (1615) staff of strategy and international operation departments of the ten Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) licensed international banks. Ordinary Least Squares was employed to estimate the regression model and this was done with the aid of STATA 12. The findings revealed that service and process innovation significantly affect bank’s internationalization. It is therefore recommended that banks seeking internationalization should adopt services and processes innovativeness strategy.
On the Concept of Corporate Culture
Authors: Strikwerda Hans 
Published: August 2018

On the Concept of Corporate Culture
The Dutch Corporate Governance Code-2016 stipulates that the executive board is responsible for creating a culture serving long-term value creation. Because the DCGC is law for public firms with this stipulation, the concept of culture is moved from the realm of informal administrative instruments to that of formal instruments, subject to dispute in case the duty of care is questioned. This article explains the provenance of the concept of culture, its multiplicity of attributed meanings and roles, and its changing nature in the digital era. Also, the article explains that for long-term value creation, more and different measures are needed than culture, values, vision, strategy or codes of conducts. This raises the question of whether an executive board having publicly committed the firm to long-term value creation demonstrates a credible commitment by complying with the DCGC, respectively culture as a means only, and can exculpate itself doing so. The answer is: no.
Wel ambitieus, niet visionair. De digitalisering in Modernisering Strafvordering
Authors: Stamhuis E.F. 
Published: August 2018

Wel ambitieus, niet visionair. De digitalisering in Modernisering Strafvordering.
In deze opiniërende bijdrage wordt kort beschreven hoe het project Modernisering Strafvordering aan de digitalisering van de strafrechtspleging bijdraagt. Verder komt de experimenteerbepaling aan de orde. Wat echter ontbreekt, is een visie op de volgende stap in de ontwikkeling, waarin de technologie de menselijke beslissing verder kan vervangen. Met behulp van vier trefwoorden wordt aangegeven welke onderwerpen voor een visie relevant zijn: veiligheid, verbeelding, verantwoordelijkheid en vertrouwen.
De codificatie van rechtsbeginselen in het gemoderniseerde Wetboek van Strafvordering
Authors: Das A. 
Published: August 2018

De codificatie van rechtsbeginselen in het gemoderniseerde Wetboek van Strafvordering
In het conceptvoorstel voor de Boeken 1 en 2 van het gemoderniseerde Wetboek van Strafvordering wordt voorgesteld verschillende rechtsbeginselen te codificeren. In deze bijdrage wordt dit voorstel kritisch doorgelicht, op basis waarvan verschillende discussiepunten worden aangedragen. Ten aanzien van de rechtsbeginselen in Boek 1 blijken er fundamentele bezwaren te bestaan, die de vraag rechtvaardigen of overwogen moet worden het voorstel op dit punt niet door te zetten. Ten aanzien van de rechtsbeginselen in Boek 2 oogt het voorstel zowel naar inhoud als plaats in het wetboek enigszins willekeurig. Een meer systematische en beter zichtbare doordenking van het voorstel zou hier verandering in kunnen brengen.