bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A simple laboratory experiment of the hindered settling process of high-concentration sediment suspension
Authors: Zhu Zhongfan , Li Fugen 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this study, a simple laboratory settling experiment is performed to examine the hindered settling process of high-concentration sediment suspension. In the suspension, the height of the clear water–turbid water interface undergoes an initial, rapidly decreasing phase followed by a slowly decreasing phase with increasing settling time. The influences of initial settling height, primary sediment concentration and the size distribution of the sediment sample on the hindered settling process of the suspension are investigated. A large initial settling height of the suspension leads to a slow settling velocity of the suspension during the rapidly decreasing phase. The larger the primary particle concentration of the suspension, the more gently the vertical position of the interface decreases during the rapidly decreasing phase. Increasing the primary particle concentration also causes the slowly decreasing phase to appear later. Finally, a fine-grained sediment suspension results in a gentle decrease in the vertical position of the clear water–turbid water interface and a small settling velocity of the interface during the rapidly decreasing phase.
Risk Factors for Different Grades of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Children Under Five Years Old with Measles: Based on Chest Radiography
Authors: Li Huanguo , Zhang Minming , Lao Qun , Ding Yushuang , Zhao Kaiyu , Xu Ruju 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Although measles epidemic has been controlled effectively after measles
vaccination being carried out, China is still the focus of measles epidemic. The lower respiratory
tract infections (LRTIs) is the most common complication, and also the most common reason for
the death of patients with measles.

Purpose:
To analyze what clinical factors could affect the grades of LRTIs in children under five
years old with measles.

Methods:
Patients’ 13 clinical factors and chest radiography were analyzed retrospectively. Based
on the chest radiography, the LRTIs were divided into 3 grades. The clinical factors and the grades
of LRTIs were analyzed by ordered logistic regression analysis.

Results:
There were 74 cases in grade 0, 77 cases in grade 1, and 36 cases in grade 2. After univariate
logistic regression analysis, there were 5 clinical factors whose P value were no more than
0.1, including the children’s course of disease before admission, co-infection other pathogens, vaccination,
the first symptoms and gender. After ordinal logistic regression analysis, the difference in
the course of disease before admission (OR = 1.134, 95% CI: 1.025 to 1.141), without vaccination
(OR = 1.808, 95% CI: 1.065 to 3.065) and co-infected other pathogens other pathogens infections
(OR = 1.618, 95% CI: 1.073 to 2.440) during different grades was statistically significant
(P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
In our study, there were three clinical factors, including “with a long course of disease
before admission”, “without measles vaccination” and “with other pathogens infections”, as the independent
risk factors of the grades of LRTIs in children with measles.
Determining the Accuracy of the Mandibular Canal Region in 3D Biomodels Fabricated from CBCT Scanned Data: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Abd Fattah Syed Yusoff Alzawawi Syed , Hariri Firdaus , Nambiar Phrabhakaran , Abu Bakar Zulkiflee , Abdul Rahman Zainal Ariff 
Published: October 2018

Objective:To validate the accuracy of the mandibular canal region in 3D biomodel produced by using data obtained from Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) of cadaveric mandibles.Methods:Six hemi-mandible samples were scanned using the i-CAT CBCT system. The scanned data was transferred to the OsiriX software for measurement protocol and subsequently into Mimics software to fabricate customized cutting jigs and 3D biomodels based on rapid prototyping technology. The hemi-mandibles were segmented into 5 dentoalveolar blocks using the customized jigs. Digital calliper was used to measure six distances surrounding the mandibular canal on each section. The same distances were measured on the corresponding cross-sectional OsiriX images and the 3D biomodels of each dentoalveolar block.Results:Statistically no significant difference was found when measurements from OsiriX images and 3D biomodels were compared to the “gold standard” -direct digital calliper measurement of the cadaveric dentoalveolar blocks. Moreover, the mean value difference of the various measurements between the different study components was also minimal.Conclusion:Various distances surrounding the mandibular canal from 3D biomodels produced from the CBCT scanned data was similar to that of direct digital calliper measurements of the cadaveric specimens.
Gastrointestinal Protective Effect of Zizyphus xylopyrus (Retz) Willd Leaf Extract Against Indomethacin and HCl-EtOH Induced Ulcers
Authors: Jain Shweta , Jain Sourabh , Chauhan Nagendra S. , Vaidya Ankur 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Zizyphus xylopyrus (Retz.) Willd. (Rhamnaceae) is a straggling
shrub or a small tree, armed with spines, found throughout north western India, Pakistan and
China.

Methods:
The aerial and root barks, leaves and fruits of Zizyphus species are used in medicine
for the treatment of various diseases such as weakness, liver complaints, obesity, diabetes,
skin infections, fever, diarrhea, insomnia and digestive disorders. Ethanolic extract of
leaves of Zizyphus xylopyrus (Retz) Willd was prepared by solvent extraction and subjected
to study the protective effect against Indomethacin and HCl-EtOH induced ulcer using Ranitidine
(100 mg/kg) and Omeprazole (8 mg/kg) as standard respectively.

Results:
Histopathological lesions with marked disorientation of the gastric epithelium was
observed in negative control, while extract treated rats showed a better protected mucosa
with intact epithelium in comparison to standard treated rats. Ulcer index and percentage ulcer
protection also represent protecting effects of the extract.

Conclusion:
Ethanolic extract of Z. xylopyrus (Retz) Willd leaves extract was found to be
significantly protective against gastric ulcers.
REKOMENDASI BENTUK PENGEMBANGAN RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU DI KOTA PONTIANAK MENGGUNAKAN METODE AHP-COPRAS
Authors: Midyanti Dwi Marisa 
Published: October 2018

Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) adalah area memanjang/jalur dan /atau mengelompok, yang penggunaannya bersifat terbuka, tempat tumbuh tanaman, baik yang tumbuh secara alamiah maupun yang sengaja ditanam. RTH di kawasan perkotaan membutuhkan strategi dan desain tertentu dalam pengembangannya. Penelitian ini akan merekomendasikan bentuk pengembangan RTH di Kota Pontianak dari hasil perhitungan dengan menggunakan metode AHP-COPRAS. Metode AHP digunakan untuk menghitung bobot-bobot dari 4 kriteria yaitu ekologi, sosial, ekonomi dan estetika. Metode COPRAS digunakan untuk menentukan alternatif terbaik dari 24 kriteria yang ada. Dari hasil perhitungan AHP-COPRAS didapat alternatif terbaik untuk bentuk RTH di Kota Pontianak adalah Kawasan Penyerap Air Hujan. Terdapat 7 alternatif yang di rekomendasikan berdasarkan nilai indeks kinerja (Pi) diatas rata-rata yaitu Kawasan Penyerap air hujan, Kawasan Pemicu kreativitas dan produktivitas, Kawasan paru-paru Kota, Jalur paru-paru Kota, Jalur Penyerap air hujan, Kawasan Sarana olahraga, pendidikan dan rekreasi dan Jalur Keindahan kota.
Effects of topical ophthalmic application of 0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride on aerobic bacterial culture results for naturally occurring infected corneal ulcers in dogs
Authors: Fentiman Katelyn E. , Rankin Amy J. , Meekins Jessica M. , Roush James K. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of topical ophthalmic application of 0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride solution (PHCL; containing 0.01% benzalkonium chloride as preservative) on aerobic bacterial culture results for naturally occurring infected corneal ulcers in dogs.
DESIGN Clinical trial.
ANIMALS 25 client-owned dogs with infected corneal ulcers (24 unilaterally affected and 1 bilaterally affected; only 1 eye included/dog) examined between June 2008 and May 2011.
PROCEDURES Swab samples for aerobic bacterial culture were collected from the periphery of each corneal ulcer before and approximately 1 minute after topical ophthalmic application of 1 drop of PHCL. Numbers of aerobic bacterial species isolated from affected eyes were compared between sample collection points and between other variables (ie, side [left or right] of affected eye, prior treatments, and patient age, sex, and neuter status).
RESULTS There was no significant difference between numbers of aerobic bacterial species isolated per eye or overall aerobic bacterial culture results (positive or negative) before versus after PHCL application. Similarly, prior treatment had no significant effect on aerobic bacterial culture results for samples collected at either point. The most commonly isolated bacteria before and after PHCL application were Staphylococcus spp (40% and 48%, respectively), followed by Streptococcus spp (23% and 22%, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Topical ophthalmic application of PHCL did not significantly affect aerobic bacterial culture results for naturally occurring infected corneal ulcers in dogs as assessed in this study. Therefore, topical ophthalmic PHCL application could be useful in clinical settings prior to sample collection to relieve patient discomfort and to aid in sample acquisition without compromising aerobic bacterial culture results.
Risk factors for temporary tracheostomy tube placement following surgery to alleviate signs of brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome in dogs
Authors: Worth David B. , Grimes Janet A. , Jiménez David A. , Koenig Amie , Schmiedt Chad W. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify risk factors for temporary tracheostomy tube placement (TTTP) following surgery for alleviation of signs associated with brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) in dogs.
DESIGN Retrospective case-control study.
ANIMALS 122 client-owned dogs with BOAS that underwent surgery to alleviate clinical signs (BOAS surgery).
PROCEDURES The medical records database of a veterinary teaching hospital was searched to identify dogs that underwent BOAS surgery from January 2007 through March 2016. Of the 198 dogs identified, 12 required postoperative TTTP (cases); 110 of the remaining 186 dogs were randomly selected as controls. Data regarding signalment and select preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables were extracted from the medical record of each dog. Variables were compared between cases and controls and evaluated for an association with the odds of postoperative TTTP.
RESULTS Body condition score, tracheal diameter-to-thoracic inlet ratio, staphylectomy technique, and mortality rate did not differ significantly between cases and controls. The odds of postoperative TTTP increased approximately 30% (OR, 1.3) for each 1-year increase in patient age. Postoperative administration of corticosteroids and presence of pneumonia were also positively associated with the odds of postoperative TTTP. Median duration of hospitalization was significantly longer for cases than controls.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Age was positively associated with the odds of TTTP in dogs after BOAS surgery, and TTTP led to prolonged hospitalization. Thus, early identification and intervention may be beneficial for dogs with BOAS. The associations between TTTP and postoperative corticosteroid use or pneumonia were likely not causal, but reflective of patient disease severity.
κ Light-chain monoclonal gammopathy and cast nephropathy in a horse with multiple myeloma
Authors: Eberhardt Christina , Malbon Alexandra , Riond Barbara , Schoster Angelika 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
CASE DESCRIPTION A 27-year-old Dutch Warmblood mare was evaluated because of a history of lethargy, reluctance to move, weight loss, persistent hyperproteinemia, and recurrent episodes of mild lameness.
CLINICAL FINDINGS Hematologic evaluation revealed anemia (RBC concentration, 3.84 × 106 cells/μL), thrombocytopenia (47 × 103 thrombocytes/μL), and hyperproteinemia (total protein concentration, 11.2 g/dL) with hyperglobulinemia and hypoalbuminemia. Results of protein electrophoresis of serum and urine samples indicated a monoclonal gammopathy; the paraprotein was identified as a κ light chain. On abdominal ultrasonographic examination, hypoechoic nodules were visualized in the spleen. Results of cytologic examination of a splenic fine-needle aspirate and histologic examination of a bone marrow biopsy sample were consistent with plasma cell myeloma.
TREATMENT AND OUTCOME Treatment was declined owing to the age of the horse and poor prognosis. The horse was discharged from the hospital, and the owner was given palliative care instructions. The horse was euthanized 2 weeks later because of recurrent episodes of lethargy, anorexia, and signs of colic. Necropsy confirmed the diagnosis of multiple (plasma cell) myeloma. Plasma cell aggregates in the liver, spleen, bone marrow, and kidney and the presence of cast nephropathy were identified on histologic examination.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE Multiple myeloma is rarely reported in horses. A monoclonal peak on serum protein electrophoresis should raise the suspicion of neoplasia, specifically multiple myeloma. The findings for this patient confirmed the importance of considering neoplasia in horses with nonspecific clinical signs.
EFFECT OF TOKEN ECONOMY THERAPY FOR REDUCING ATTACHMENT BEHAVIOR AMONG PRE SCHOOL CHILDREN IN KINDERGARTEN
Authors: Basri Ramaita 
Published: October 2018

Attachment behaviors are behaviors experienced by children when they would leave their homes and families to join his friends at school he regarded as strangers. This behavior can interfere with the functioning life of the child so that the child can not be independent, and parents should be involved more in the activities of children. The study aimed to determine the effect of economic token therapy for reducing the attachment behavior among Kindergarten Students. The design of this study was quasi experimental with pre and post with control group. By using multistage random sampling and consecutive sampling technique with a total sample of 68 people who experienced attachment behavior. Consisted of 34 peoples as intervention group and 34 peoples as control group. Bivariate analysis using Wilcoxon test and mann-whitney test. The results showed that there were significant differences of attachment behavior before and after entering the token economy intervention in the intervention group compared with those in the control group (p = 0.000). Token economy therapy has positive effect to reduce attachment behavior of kindergarten student at the beginning of learning process in the kindergarten school. The application of economic token is recommended to overcome the attachment behavior of existing preschool children in schools and in the general public health services.

KEY WORDS: Attachment behavior, Token economy, Kindergarten students.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar dan Aktivitas Siswa Kelas V Menggunakan Pendekatan Value Clarification Technique (VCT) Pada Pembelajaran PKn di SDN 24 Batang Anai Kabupaten Padang Pariaman
Authors: Risvanelli Risvanelli 
Published: October 2018

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh lemahnya pelaksanaan proses pembelajaran PKN siswa kelas V SDN 24 Batang Anai Kabupaten Padang Pariaman. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan lemahnya proses pembelajaran. Di antaranya adalah siswa kurang aktif dalam proses belajar mengajar yang disebabkan karena guru cendrung menggunakan metode ceramah sehingga tidak meningkatnya daya berpikir siswa, dan kemampuan berkerja sama dengan teman. Salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah ini adalah dengan menggunakan pendekatan VCT. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan peningkatan aktivitas pembelajaran PKN melalui Model VCTdi kelas V SDN 24 Batang Anai Kabupaten Padang Pariaman.Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua siklus, masing-masing siklus terdiri dari dua kali pertemuan dan satu kali pertemuan untuk tes hasil belajar siklus. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V SDN 24 Batang Anai Kabupaten Padang Pariaman, yang berjumlah 16 orang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan dapat diketahui bahwa aktivitas siswa dalam mengemukakan pendapat baik kepada guru maupun temannya dari 62,50 % pada siklus I menjadi 84,38% pada siklus II, dalam menganalisis masalah sesuai dengan materi pembelajaran dari 53,13 % pada siklus I menjadi 78,13% pada siklus II dan juga meningkatkan dalam bertanggung jawab serta bekerjasama dalam kelompoknya dari 62,50% pada siklus I menjadi 81,25 pada siklus II. Dari hasil yang diperoleh dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran PKN dengan menggunakan pendekatan VCT dapat meningkatkan aktivitas siswa kelas V SDN 24 Batang Anai Kabupaten Padang Pariaman.
Regional analgesia in neonates undergoing thoracoabdominal surgeries: A pilot study
Authors: Singh Ajay Pratap , Lakshminrusimha Satyan , Thompson Mark E. 
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of this pilot study was to assess feasibility and to evaluate if peri-operative pain management with regional analgesia resulted in decreased use of narcotic medication and earlier return to preoperative respiratory/nutritional status. STUDY DESIGN: Cases were defined as infants who received regional analgesia as part of their perioperative anesthetic management. Controls were matched for surgical procedures without regional analgesia. RESULTS: Fifteen cases were identified and matched with 17 controls. Infants undergoing inguinal hernia repair returned to baseline earlier and were not intubated. There was no difference in time to extubation in other thoracoabdominal surgeries. There was no difference in cumulative narcotic analgesia administered between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Postoperative regional analgesia is feasible in neonates. Inguinal hernia repair with regional anesthesia was performed without intubation and returned to preoperative status earlier. No differences were observed with other surgeries. Further prospective, randomized, multicenter studies are needed.
An experimentally investigate the fin thermal performance to the different fin spaces by natural convections
Authors: Mohammed Al-Jewaree Hazim 
Published: October 2018

In oil and gas industries there are a lot off heat transfer devices used for different purposes. These devices are widely used in various industrial, transportation, or domestic applications such as heat exchangers thermal power plants, means of transport, heating and air conditioning systems, electronic equipments and space vehicles. In all these applications, improvements in the efficiency of heat exchangers can lead to substantial cost, space and materials savings. The research work summarized in this articles presents an experimental investigation on the effect of fin space (s) and aluminum materials on the fin performance using rectangular fins. The steady-state natural convection heat transfer from vertical rectangular fins extending perpendicularly from horizontal square base was investigated experimentally at new range not found in the previous works, this range of temperatures from 50 to 150 Co . The effects of fin space parameter and base-to-ambient temperature difference on the heat transfer performance of fin arrays were observed and the environmental condition were determined. Five fin space settings,( 22, 27, 30, 35 and 38 mm) with a constant fin height is 50mm for all types of configuration are presented in this work were employed under free convection heat transfer conditions. This range of fin space not found on previous study or research. The heat transfer area was kept the same. The performance of the fin expressed in terms of fin efficiency, effectiveness and thermal resistance as a function of the ambient temperature and fin space parameters has been study in this work. The dimensionless parameter Biot no. on the locally variable environmental condition is examined for different fin spaces to the fin heat transfer rate. Also, the effect of environmental condition is study. Experimental results show that the effect fin space on fin performance is more significant.. The maximum increase in convection heat transfer coefficient value obtained is about 22 percent. The increase in heat transfer coefficient value is also manifested by a corresponding decrease in the fin base temperature. Also, it is concluded from the experimental results that the performance of heat transfer rate increase with decreasing the fin space in respect of heat transfer coefficient, thermal resistance ,overall efficiency and effectiveness.
Modernization of power settings dry cargo and tank vessels
Authors: Batygin O. E. 
Published: October 2018

The current problem of the need to modernize the Russian fleet and, in particular, the power plants of ships, is caused by the decommissioning the most of the dry cargo and bulk carriers that are in using at this moment. Over time, most of these boards have ceased to be suitable for navigation and can not be repaired, and modern shipyards and shipyards are unable to use and service new ships designed for the domestic fleet. In view of this, there is a discrepancy between the number of required boards and the volume of orders from shipbuilders. The new brand of a foreign manufacturer's engines using on dry cargo and bulk ships of the previous generation significantly reduces the operating costs and repairing diesel engine’s costs, and also increases their service life. The comparison of the aggregates used at this moment and the model under consideration is made and a conclusion is made about the expediency of using the proposed engine for the purpose the Russian shipbuilding’s and ship repair’s long-term development. Subject: the study’s subject is the possibility of using foreign ships’ dry-cargo and tanker vessels for the modernization and improvement of the sides of the selected type.Materials and methods: in the work’s course is a comparative analysis of several types of diesel engines, possible for installation on the sides of the Volga-Don and Volgoneft, was carried out.Results: as a result of the work, a comparative table was developed for the characteristics of the diesel engine’s types under consideration, and the efficiency of using the considered brand’s foreign aggregates was revealed.Conclusions: the use of Yachai YC6CL diesel engines as powerplants on board dry cargo and liquid ships is advisable, because of their undeniable advantages in comparison with domestic units and economic feasibility.
Micropropagation of Isoplexis chalcantha Svent, O´Shanahan from Mature Plants
Authors: Mederos-Molina S. 
Published: October 2018

Culture medium requirements for micropropagation of Isoplexis chalcantha was achieved for the first time after high degree of contamination and phenolic exudates were detected and solved. Cultures were established from axillary shoots using juvenile branches collected from this medicinal plant. Most satisfying results were obtained using a solidified and a modified MS medium (NO3- : NH4+ ratios) enriched with ascorbic acid or soluble PVP plus GA3, BAP and NAA. Explants (nodal segments) were used for in vitro shoots multiplication and best results were achieved with modified MS plus BAP and auxins. Vigorous shoots rooted without symptoms in the half-strength modified MS enriched with low concentration of IBA. Key words: Isoplexis chalcantha, axillary shoots, contamination, phenolic exudates, culture media, NO3- : NH4+ ratios D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v18i2.3395 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 18(2): 131-137, 2008 (December)