bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Central Airway Obstruction Due to Tracheal Glomus Tumor
Authors: Haro Greg , Seeley Eric , Jablons David , Kratz Johannes 
Published: November 2018

Background Tracheal glomus tumors are rare mesenchymal neoplasms that have the potential to cause malignant, central airway obstruction. They require a thoughtful approach to safely secure the airway and definitively resect the tumor.
Case Description We report the clinical course of a 25-year-old man in severe respiratory distress secondary to tracheal glomus tumor and the subsequent surgical management.
Conclusion Due to their hypervascular nature, greater familiarity with tracheal glomus tumors is needed to ensure appropriate preoperative planning and intervention.
Betablocker im septischen Schock
Authors: Uhlig Christopher , Spieth Peter 
Published: November 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Therapie von Patienten im septischen Schock birgt große Herausforderungen. Die adrenerg vermittelte Stressantwort im Körper ist komplex reguliert – ob Betablocker die Hämodynamik in der Sepsis verbessern können, ist noch offen. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die Pharmakologie des betaadrenergen Systems, die pathophysiologische Rationale und die aktuelle Literatur zum Betablocker-Einsatz in der Sepsis und im septischen Schock.
Job search self-efficacy as a mediator between emotional intelligence and the active job search process / Autoeficacia de búsqueda como mediadora de la inteligencia emocional y la búsqueda activa de empleo
Authors: Nieto-Flores María-Pilar , Berrios M. Pilar , Extremera Natalio 
Published: November 2018

This study analyses the role of job search self-efficacy as a possible mediating variable in the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and the active job search process in a sample of 196 unemployed people in Andalusia, 107 men and 89 women aged 18 to 59 ( M = 30.90; SD = 8.07). They were all provided an EI scale, a job search self-efficacy measure and an active job search measure, and provided their social and demographic information. As expected, EI was positively associated with higher levels of job search self-efficacy, as well as higher levels of job search intensity. In addition, mediation analyses indicated that EI had a significant indirect effect (through self-efficacy) on the active job search process. The results are discussed for application in future career guidance programmes.
Influence of foot position on static and dynamic standing balance in healthy young adults
Authors: Krewer Carmen , Bergmann Jeannine , Gräfrath Pablo C. , Jahn Klaus 
Published: November 2018

Background:
Postural instability is a condition affecting many people during normal ageing or those suffering from neurological or orthopaedic diseases. Posturography has become an important tool to assess balance. Standards of performing posturography, however, are not sufficiently elaborated.

Purpose:
To investigate the influence of different foot positions, specifically a self-selected foot position, on maximal sway amplitudes during static and dynamic (limits of stability) standing balance tasks.

Materials and methods:
In this cohort study with repeated measurements 24 healthy young adults completed five conditions: a condition with self-selected foot position and four conditions with set feet distances (feet together, 10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm). Maximal sway amplitudes of the centre of pressure recordings were analyzed in antero-posterior and medio-lateral axes.

Results:
Analysis of the self-selected position showed a mean foot distance of 20.3 (4.6) cm, which significantly positively correlated with the participants’ body height and sex. Repeated measurement ANOVAs revealed a significant effect of foot position on the sway parameter in both directions, which was more pronounced in the medio-lateral axis. Pairwise comparisons in this axis showed two homogeneous subgroups. One composed the ‘feet together’ and ‘10 cm’ conditions, and the other the remaining three conditions. The self-selected position did not lead to the lowest sway values in static trials nor to the largest values in dynamic trials.

Conclusions:
Taking these results into account we recommend using a self-selected foot position when performing posturography. The sway parameters are not different to predefined stable foot positions. Furthermore, the self-selected position reflects a more natural and individually optimized stance and also takes body geometry into account.
Speech auditory evoked potentials in cochlear implant recipients in relation to rehabilitation outcomes
Authors: Gabr Takwa A. , Serag Shaymaa A. 
Published: November 2018

Background:
Speech perception abilities showed great variability among different cochlear implants (CIs) recipients. Assessment of such perceptual abilities through behavioural speech perception tests is very limited, especially in young recipients. Hence, objective auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) can be very important in the assessment of such a young age group.

Objectives:
To study the ability to use different types of speech evoked AEPs clinically for the assessment of auditory pathway at different levels in children fitted with CIs.

Methods:
Two groups of children fitted with CIs participated in this study. They were divided into two groups according to their language improvement quotient (LIQ):
Group I:
included 20 children with LIQ >0.7 and
Group II:
included 20 children with LIQ <0.7. Children were evaluated through an auditory skills assessment, aided sound field, aided speech evoked AEPs.

Results:
Children of group I showed better aided-AEPs results in response to speech stimuli compared with group II with the significant positive effect of early age of implantation on the results.

Conclusions:
Objective aided-AEPs recording in response to complex sounds (such as speech) can be used efficiently for evaluation of speech perception at different levels along the auditory pathway in children fitted with CIs. In addition, they constitute a promising tool for following up and designing the appropriate rehabilitation programs.
From the sinh-Gordon field theory to the one-dimensional Bose gas: exact local correlations and full counting statistics
Authors: Bastianello Alvise , Piroli Lorenzo 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
We derive exact formulas for the expectation value of local observables in a one-dimensional gas of bosons with point-wise repulsive interactions (Lieb–Liniger model). Starting from a recently conjectured expression for the expectation value of vertex operators in the sinh-Gordon field theory, we derive explicit analytic expressions for the one-point K-body correlation functions in the Lieb–Liniger gas, for arbitrary integer K. These are valid for all excited states in the thermodynamic limit, including thermal states, generalized Gibbs ensembles and non-equilibrium steady states arising in transport settings. Our formulas display several physically interesting applications: most prominently, they allow us to compute the full counting statistics for the particle-number fluctuations in a short interval. Furthermore, combining our findings with the recently introduced generalized hydrodynamics, we are able to study multi-point correlation functions at the Eulerian scale in non-homogeneous settings. Our results complement previous studies in the literature and provide a full solution to the problem of computing one-point functions in the Lieb–Liniger model.
circtools—a one-stop software solution for circular RNA research
Authors: Jakobi Tobias , Uvarovskii Alexey , Dieterich Christoph 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) originate through back-splicing events from linear primary transcripts, are resistant to exonucleases, are not polyadenylated and have been shown to be highly specific for cell type and developmental stage. CircRNA detection starts from high-throughput sequencing data and is a multi-stage bioinformatics process yielding sets of potential circRNA candidates that require further analyses. While a number of tools for the prediction process already exist, publicly available analysis tools for further characterization are rare. Our work provides researchers with a harmonized workflow that covers different stages of in silico circRNA analyses, from prediction to first functional insights.

Results
Here, we present circtools, a modular, Python-based framework for computational circRNA analyses. The software includes modules for circRNA detection, internal sequence reconstruction, quality checking, statistical testing, screening for enrichment of RBP binding sites, differential exon RNase R resistance and circRNA-specific primer design. circtools supports researchers with visualization options and data export into commonly used formats.

Availability and implementation
circtools is available via https://github.com/dieterich-lab/circtools and http://circ.tools under GPLv3.0.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Blue care: a systematic review of blue space interventions for health and wellbeing
Authors: Britton Easkey , Kindermann Gesche , Domegan Christine , Carlin Caitriona 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
There is increasing interest in the potential use of outdoor water environments, or blue space, in the promotion of human health and wellbeing. However, therapeutic nature-based practices are currently outpacing policy and the evidence base for health or wellbeing benefits of therapeutic interventions within blue space has not been systematically assessed. This systematic review aims to address the gap in understanding the impacts of blue space within existing interventions for targeted individuals. A systematic review was carried out, searching Google Scholar, SCOPUS, PubMed, etc. through to August 2017. Only blue space interventions were included that were specifically designed and structured with a therapeutic purpose for individuals with a defined need and did not include nature-based promotion projects or casual recreation in the outdoors. Thirty-three studies met the inclusion criteria and were assessed. Overall, the studies suggest that blue care can have direct benefit for health, especially mental health and psycho-social wellbeing. The majority of papers found a positive or weak association between blue care and health and wellbeing indicators. There was also some evidence for greater social connectedness during and after interventions, but results were inconsistent and mixed across studies with very few findings for physical health. This is the first systematic review of the literature on blue care. In summary, it has been shown that mental health, especially psycho-social wellbeing, can be improved with investment in blue spaces. Key areas for future research include improving understanding of the mechanisms through which blue care can improve public health promotion.
Malignant Meningioma: An International Multicentre Retrospective Study
Authors: Champeaux Charles , Jecko Vincent , Houston Deborah , Thorne Lewis , Dunn Laurence , Fersht Naomi , Khan Akbar Ali , Resche-Rigon Matthieu 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND
In contrast to benign meningiomas, malignant meningiomas (MM) are rare and associated with an unfavourable prognosis. Reports on MM concern fairly small cohorts, often comprising less than 30 cases.

OBJECTIVE
To describe the outcome MM and identify factors that may influence survival.

METHODS
Pathology reports and clinical data of 178 patients treated between 1989 and 2017 for a MM at 6 different international institutions were retrospectively reviewed. Seventy-six patients (42.7%) had a previous history of grade I or grade II meningioma. The patients underwent a total of 380 surgical resections and 72.5% received radiotherapy. Median follow-up was 4.5 yr.

RESULTS
At data collection, 111 patients were deceased (63.4%) and only 23 patients (13.7%) were alive without any residual tumor on the most recent scan. Median overall survival was 2.9 yr, 95% confidence interval [CI; 2.4, 4.5]. Overall survival rates at 1, 5, and 10 yr, respectively, were: 77.7%, 95% CI [71.6, 84.3], 40%, 95% CI [32.7, 49], and 27.9%, 95% CI [20.9, 37.3]. In the multivariable analysis, age at MM surgery <65 yr (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.44, 95% CI [0.29, 0.67], P < .001), previous benign or atypical meningioma surgery (HR = 1.9, 95% CI [1.23, 2.92], P = .004), completeness of resection (HR = 0.51, 95% CI [0.34, 0.78], P = .002), and adjuvant radiotherapy (HR = 0.64, 95% CI [0.42, 0.98], P = .039) were established as independent prognostic factors for survival.

CONCLUSION
This large series confirms the poor prognosis associated with MM, the treatment of which remains challenging. Patients under 65-yr-old with primary MM may live longer after complete resection and postoperative radiotherapy. Even with aggressive treatments, local control remains difficult to achieve.
Rev-erb Agonist Inhibits Chikungunya and O’nyong’nyong Virus Replication
Authors: Hwang Jesse , Jiang Alfred , Fikrig Erol 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an alphavirus spread by Aedes spp. mosquitos, causes severe inflammation and joint pain, progressing to a chronic arthralgic state in a subset of patients. Due to recent global epidemics of CHIKV and the potential for related viruses to cause outbreaks, multiple approaches to combat these pathogens are of interest. We report that SR9009, a synthetic agonist of nuclear receptors Rev-erb α/β, inhibits replication of multiple alphaviruses (CHIKV and O’nyong’nyong virus) mainly by suppressing structural protein synthesis, although viral RNA accumulation is relatively unimpeded. Furthermore, SR9009 reduces the inflammatory response in cultured murine macrophages exposed to alphavirus-infected cells.
House Price Beliefs And Mortgage Leverage Choice
Authors: Bailey Michael , Dávila Eduardo , Kuchler Theresa , Stroebel Johannes 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe study the relationship between homebuyers’ beliefs about future house price changes and their mortgage leverage choices. Whether more pessimistic homebuyers choose higher or lower leverage depends on their willingness and ability to reduce the size of their housing market investments. When households primarily maximize the levered return of their property investments, more pessimistic homebuyers reduce their leverage to purchase smaller houses. On the other hand, when considerations such as family size pin down the desired property size, pessimistic homebuyers reduce their financial exposure to the housing market by making smaller downpayments to buy similarly-sized homes. To determine which scenario better describes the data, we investigate the cross-sectional relationship between house price beliefs and mortgage leverage choices in the U.S. housing market. We use plausibly exogenous variation in house price beliefs to show that more pessimistic homebuyers make smaller downpayments and choose higher leverage, in particular in states where default costs are relatively low, as well as during periods when house prices are expected to fall on average. Our results highlight the important role of heterogeneous beliefs in explaining households’ financial decisions.
Bonds of Kinship and Care: RAMC Photographic Albums and the Making of ‘Other’ Domestic Lives
Authors: Bate Jason 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This article critically interrogates the nature of facial wounds themselves, their visceral, dehumanising quality, visibility, and social meaning. Little attention has been paid to the cultural ramifications and difficult questions concerning the futures of facially injured soldiers that Britain had to address in the post-war era. Focusing on photograph albums as socially salient objects, this article challenges medical photographic archives. Building on unexplored family archives, it revises understandings of the difficulties of veterans' homecoming, and how they achieved a level of emotional recovery as they tried to find a place in the post-war social fabric. The article argues that family photographic collections show the less obvious way that the war lived on for veterans and families, its damage and how it was passed on. These private collections offer new revelations on the success or failure of the surgical interventions in their aesthetic aims.
A database of egg size and shape from more than 6,700 insect species
Authors: Church Samuel H. , Donoughe Seth , de Medeiros Bruno A. S. , Extavour Cassandra G. 
Published: November 2018

1AbstractOffspring size is a fundamental trait in disparate biological fields of study. This trait can be measured as the size of plant seeds, animal eggs, or live young, and it influences ecological interactions, organism fitness, maternal investment, and embryonic development. Although multiple evolutionary processes have been predicted to drive the evolution of offspring size, the phylogenetic distribution of this trait remains poorly understood, due to the difficulty of reliably collecting and comparing offspring size data from many species. Here we present a database of 10,449 morphological descriptions of insect eggs, with records for 6,706 unique insect species and representatives from every extant hexapod order. The dataset includes eggs whose volumes span more than eight orders of magnitude. We created this database by partially automating the extraction of egg traits from the primary literature. In the process, we overcame challenges associated with large-scale phenotyping by designing and employing custom bioinformatic solutions to common problems. We matched the taxa in this database to the currently accepted scientific names in taxonomic and genetic databases, which will facilitate the use of this data for testing pressing evolutionary hypotheses in offspring size evolution.
Origin of the mobile di-hydro-pteroate synthase gene determining sulfonamide resistance in clinical isolates
Authors: Sánchez-Osuna Miquel , Cortés Pilar , Barbé Jordi , Erill Ivan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSulfonamides are synthetic chemotherapeutic agents that work as competitive inhibitors of the di-hydro-pteroate synthase (DHPS) enzyme, encoded by the folP gene. Resistance to sulfonamides is widespread in the clinical setting and predominantly mediated by plasmid- and integron-borne sul1-3 genes encoding mutant DHPS enzymes that do not bind sulfonamides. In spite of their clinical importance, the genetic origin of sul1-3 genes remains unknown. Here we analyze sul genes and their genetic neighborhoods to uncover sul signature elements that enable the elucidation of their genetic origin. We identify a protein sequence Sul motif associated with sul-encoded proteins, as well as consistent association of a phosphoglucosamine mutase gene (glmM) with the sul2 gene. We identify chromosomal folP genes bearing these genetic markers in two bacterial families: the Rhodobiaceae and the Leptospiraceae. Bayesian phylogenetic inference of FolP/Sul and GlmM protein sequences clearly establishes that sul1-2 and sul3 genes originated as a mobilization of folP genes present in, respectively, the Rhodobiaceae and the Leptospiraceae, and indicate that the Rhodobiaceae folP gene was transferred from the Leptospiraceae. Analysis of %GC content in folP/sul gene sequences supports the phylogenetic inference results and indicates that the emergence of the Sul motif in chromosomally-encoded FolP proteins is ancient and considerably predates the clinical introduction of sulfonamides. In vitro assays reveal that both the Rhodobiaceae and the Leptospiraceae, but not other related chromosomally-encoded FolP proteins confer resistance in a sulfonamide-sensitive Escherichia coli background, indicating that the Sul motif is associated with sulfonamide resistance. Given the absence of any known natural sulfonamides targeting DHPS, these results provide a novel perspective on the emergence of resistance to synthetic chemotherapeutic agents, whereby preexisting resistant variants in the vast bacterial pangenome may be rapidly selected for and mobilized upon the clinical introduction of novel chemotherapeuticals.
Race modifies default mode network connectivity in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Misiura Maria B. , Wu Junjie , Qiu Deqiang , Howell Jennifer C. , Parker Monica W. , Turner Jessica A. , Hu William T. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo determine if resting state functional MRI biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) differ between older African Americans and Caucasians.MethodsWe analyzed MRI profiles from 78 individuals (31 African Americans, 47 Caucasians) with normal cognition (n=36) or mild cognitive impairment/mild AD dementia (MCI/AD, n=42). We compared AD-associated intra-network functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) according to race, and correlated domain-specific cognitive functions with functional connectivity which differed between the racial groups.ResultsWe identified key differences in DMN functional connectivity associated with AD between the races. Whereas MCI/AD was associated with decreased functional connectivity within the midline core DMN subsystem in older Caucasians, MCI/AD was instead associated with increased functional connectivity within the same subsystem of older African Americans. This is despite decreased functional connectivity in the medial temporal lobe DMN subsystem in both races. Memory function was also positively associated with connectivity between the precuneus and the posterior cingulate/inferior parietal lobule within the midline core subsystem, in keeping with a less amnestic-profile in older African Americans with MCI/AD.ConclusionsThese findings provide structural support that race modifies the AD phenotypes downstream from cerebral amyloid deposition, and suggests a rsf-MRI correlate of African American’s less amnestic neuropsychological profile in MCI/AD.
Optogenetic and transcriptomic interrogation of enhanced muscle function in the paralyzed mouse whisker pad
Authors: Vajtay Thomas J. , Bandi Akhil , Upadhyay Aman , Swerdel Mavis. R. , Hart Ronald P. , Lee Christian R. , Margolis David J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe functional state of denervated muscle is a critical factor in the ability to restore movement after injury- or disease-related paralysis. Here we used peripheral optogenetic stimulation and transcriptome profiling in the mouse whisker system to investigate the time course of changes in neuromuscular function following complete unilateral facial nerve transection. While most skeletal muscles rapidly lose functionality after lower motor neuron denervation, optogenetic muscle stimulation of the paralyzed whisker pad revealed sustained increases in the sensitivity, velocity, and amplitude of whisker movements, and reduced fatigability, starting 48 h after denervation. RNA-seq analysis showed distinct regulation of multiple gene families in denervated whisker pad muscles compared to the atrophy-prone soleus, including prominent changes in ion channels and contractile fibers. Together, our results define the unique functional and transcriptomic landscape of denervated facial muscles, and have general implications for restoring movement after neuromuscular injury or disease.New & NoteworthyOptogenetic activation of muscle can be used to non-invasively induce movements and probe muscle function. We used this technique in mice to investigate changes in whisker movements following facial nerve transection. We found unexpectedly enhanced functional properties of whisker pad muscle following denervation, accompanied by unique transcriptomic changes. Our findings highlight the utility of the mouse whisker pad for investigating the restoration of movement after paralysis.