bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Refinement of the endogenous epitope tagging technology allows the identification of a novel NRAS binding partner in melanoma
Authors: Alon Michal , Emmanuel Rafi , Qutob Nouar , Bakhman Anna , Peshti Victoria , Brodezki Alexandra , Bassan David , Kosloff Mickey , Samuels Yardena 
Published: April 2018

SummaryThe NRAS oncoprotein is highly mutated in melanoma. However, to date, no comprehensive proteomic study has been reported for NRAS. Here, we utilized the endogenous epitope tagging (EET) approach for the identification of novel NRAS binding partners. Using EET, an epitope tag is added to the endogenously expressed protein, via modification of its genomic coding sequence. Existing EET systems are not robust, suffer from high background, and are labor‐intensive. To this end, we present a polyadenylation signal‐trap construct for N’‐tagging that generates a polycistronic mRNA with the gene of interest. This system requires the integration of the tagging cassette in frame with the target gene to be expressed. Using this design, we demonstrate, for the first time, endogenous tagging of NRAS in melanoma cells allowing the identification of the E3 ubiquitin ligase c‐CBL as a novel NRAS binding partner. Thus, our developed EET technology allows the characterization of new RAS effectors, which could be beneficial for the design of future drugs that inhibit constitutive signaling of RAS oncogenic mutants.
Cutis tricolor parvimaculata in ring chromosome 15 syndrome: A case report
Authors: Ribeiro Dias Barroso Cristina , Silveira Gomes Leonardo , Abrantes Silvestre Vinícius , Yamada Utagawa Claudia 
Published: April 2018

AbstractRing chromosome 15 syndrome is a rare condition, with approximately 50 cases reported in the literature. We report a 2‐year‐old girl with ring chromosome 15 syndrome with hyperpigmented and hypopigmented patches and cognitive and physical manifestations.
Comparison of Blue and White Lamp Light with Sunlight for Daylight‐Mediated, 5‐ALA Photodynamic Therapy, in vivo
Authors: Marra Kayla , LaRochelle Ethan P. , Chapman M. Shane , Hoopes P. Jack , Lukovits Karina , Maytin Edward V. , Hasan Tayyaba , Pogue Brian W. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDaylight‐mediated photodynamic therapy (d‐PDT) as a treatment for actinic keratosis (AK) is an increasingly common technique due to a significant reduction in pain, leading to better patient tolerability. While past studies have looked at different light sources and delivery methods, this study strives to provide equivalent PpIX‐weighted light doses with the hypothesis that artificial light sources could be equally as effective as natural sunlight if their PpIX‐weighted fluences were equalized. Normal mouse skin was used as the model to compare blue LED light, metal halide white light and natural sunlight, with minimal incubation time between topical ALA application and the onset of light delivery. A total PpIX‐weighted fluence of 20 Jeff cm−2 was delivered over 2 h, and the efficacy of response was quantified using three acute bioassays for PDT damage: PpIX photobleaching, Stat3 crosslinking and quantitative histopathology. These bioassays indicated blue light was slightly inferior to both sunlight and white light, but that the latter two were not significantly different. The results suggest that metal halide white light could be a reasonable alternative to daylight PDT, which should allow a more controlled treatment that is independent of weather and yet should have similar response rates with limited pain during treatment.
Motor performance in early life and participation in leisure‐time physical activity up to age 68 years
Authors: Elhakeem Ahmed , Hardy Rebecca , Bann David , Kuh Diana , Cooper Rachel 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundThis study examined associations between motor performance in early life and leisure‐time physical activity (LTPA) participation across adulthood, and whether these changed with age.MethodsData were from 2526 participants from the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development. Motor indicators were mother‐reported ages at first standing and walking, teacher‐rated games ability at age 13, and finger‐ and foot‐tapping speed at age 15. LTPA was reported at ages 36, 43, 53, 60‐64, and 68 years and classed at each age as none, moderate (1‐4/mo), or regular (≥5/mo). Associations were examined using mixed‐effects Poisson regression models with robust error variance.ResultsBetter ability at games and faster tapping speed were associated with more frequent participation in LTPA across adulthood, for example, fully adjusted relative risk of regular LTPA across adulthood (vs none) for above‐average ability (vs below average or average) = 1.46 (95% CI 1.32, 1.61); and per 10‐unit higher number of finger‐taps/15 seconds = 1.04 (95% CI 1.02, 1.07). These associations did not vary by age (P ≥ .33 for interactions with age at LTPA). Ages at reaching motor milestones were not associated with LTPA (eg, fully adjusted relative risk of regular LTPA across adulthood for walking ≤10 and ≥18 months (vs 11‐17 months) were 1.01 (95% CI 0.86, 1.20) and 0.89 (95% CI 0.75, 1.06) respectively.ConclusionsBetter ability at games and faster tapping speed in adolescence were associated with greater participation in LTPA throughout adult life; from age 36 up to age 68. Childhood motor skill interventions may therefore have the potential to promote lifelong LTPA.
Determinants and Predictive Value of Clinician Assessment of Short‐Term Suicide Risk
Authors: Barzilay Shira , Yaseen Zimri S. , Hawes Mariah , Kopeykina Irina , Ardalan Firouz , Rosenfield Paul , Murrough James , Galynker Igor 
Published: April 2018

We examine the interrelations among clinicians' judgment of patients' suicide risk, clinicians' emotional responses, and standard risk factors in the short‐term prediction of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Psychiatric outpatients (n = 153) with a lifetime history of suicide ideation/attempt and their treating clinicians (n = 67) were evaluated at intake. Clinicians completed a standard suicide risk instrument (modifiedSAD PERSONSscale), a 10‐point Likert scale assessment of judgment of patient suicide risk (Clinician Prediction Scale), and a measure of their emotional responses to the patient (Therapist Response Questionnaire‐Suicide Form). The Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale and the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation were administered at a one‐month follow‐up assessment (n = 114, 74.5%). Clinician judgment of risk significantly predicted suicidal thoughts and behaviors at follow‐up. Both the standard suicide risk instrument and clinician emotional responses contributed independently to the clinician assessment of risk, which, in turn, mediated their relationships with suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Our findings validate the importance of clinical judgment in assessing suicide risk. Clinical judgment appears to be informed both by concrete risk factors and clinicians' emotional responses to suicidal patients, highlighting emotional awareness as a promising area for research and training.
Social development quartet: When is parental supportiveness a good thing? The dynamic value of parents' supportive emotion socialization across childhood
Authors: Castro Vanessa L. , Nelson Jackie A. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis introduction to the Social Development Quartet summarizes four articles that examine age‐related and contextual shifts in the utility of parents' emotion socialization responses for children's social‐emotional development. The first two articles present evidence for age‐related changes in the benefits of parents' supportive responses and consequences of parents' nonsupportive responses to children's negative emotions between early and middle childhood. The next two articles consider contextual variations in this developmental shift by examining teacher reports of children's competence and family patterns of response among mothers and fathers. Together, these studies question the unilateral assumption that parental support of children's negative emotions is always a good thing, and provide a more nuanced understanding of when and in what contexts parents' responses are adaptive for children.
Ward rounds: can an aide‐memoire help new doctors?
Authors: Pearce Jessica , Redman Melody , Gajebasia Sareena , Dirksen Ruth 
Published: April 2018

SummaryBackgroundWard rounds are fundamental to the care of medical inpatients, and newly graduated doctors may be expected to conduct them alone. There are no studies exploring the frequency with which this occurs, however, or how prepared they feel for this task.MethodsNewly graduated (Foundation Year‐1, FY1) doctors in Northern Lincolnshire and Goole (NLaG) National Health Service Foundation Trust were surveyed at the end of their FY1 year. An online survey asked: how often they conducted medical ward rounds alone; how prepared they felt to do so; and how often they considered 13 important aspects of care. An aide‐memoire outlining aspects to consider on ward rounds was introduced during induction for a second cohort of FY1s, and the survey was repeated.FindingsIn the initial survey (2015), 42% (n = 19) of the 45 FY1s in NLaG responded: 84% (n = 16) reported conducting ward rounds alone twice or more each week, with 5% (n = 1) feeling prepared and 89% (n = 17) feeling unprepared to do so. In the second survey (2016), following the introduction of the aide‐memoire, 52% (n = 25) of the 48 FY1s responded: 32% (n = 7) reported feeling prepared with the aide‐memoire (a 27% increase from 2015). There was also a statistically significant increase in the frequency with which they reported considering three of 13 important aspects of care: nutrition, mobility and discharge planning.There are no studies exploring the frequency with which newly graduated doctors conduct ward rounds aloneDiscussionThe FY1s were regularly conducting ward rounds alone, and felt unprepared for this. An aide‐memoire is a low‐cost intervention with some value in improving preparedness, and could be further developed and used elsewhere.
Human immunodeficiency virus in patients with tuberculous meningitis: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Pormohammad Ali , Nasiri Mohammad Javad , Riahi Seyed Mohammad , Fallah Fatemeh 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIntroductionHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected individuals are at increased risk for all forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB), including tuberculous meningitis (TBM). This study aimed to investigate the frequency of HIV in patients with TBM.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library were searched for articles including relevant data. Stata version 14.0 (StataCorp, College Station, Texas, USA) was used to analyse the data.ResultsTwenty studies were identified. The pooled frequency of HIV among adult patients with TBM was 38.0% (95% CI: 21.0–57.0; I2 = 97%). In children (under the age of 15 years), 6.0% (95% CI: 1.0–13.0; I2 = 0.0%) had HIV infection. In patients with bacterial meningitis other than TBM, 36.0% (95% CI: 19.0–53.0; I2 = 100%) were HIV‐infected.ConclusionsA relatively high frequency of HIV in patients with TBM was indicated by our study. Establishment of diagnostic criteria and effective treatment strategies for TBM/HIV co‐infection are recommended for better management of patients with TBM+HIV.
Hemoglobin A clearance in children with sickle cell anemia on chronic transfusion therapy
Authors: Yee Marianne E. M. , Josephson Cassandra D. , Winkler Anne M. , Webb Jennifer , Luban Naomi L.C. , Leong Traci , Stowell Sean R. , Roback John D. , Fasano Ross M. 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUNDChronic transfusion therapy for sickle cell anemia reduces disease complications by diluting sickle‐erythrocytes with hemoglobin A (HbA)‐containing erythrocytes and suppressing erythropoiesis. Minor antigen mismatches may result in alloimmunization, but it is unknown if antigen mismatches or recipient characteristics influence HbA clearance posttransfusion.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSChildren with sickle cell anemia on chronic transfusion therapy were followed prospectively for 12 months. All patients received units serologically matched for C/c, E/e, and K; patients with prior red blood cell (RBC) antibodies had additional matching for Fya, Jkb, and any previous alloantibodies. Patients' RBC antigen genotypes, determined by multiplexed molecular assays (PreciseType Human Erythrocyte Antigen, and RHCE and RHD BeadChip, Immucor) were compared to genotypes of transfused RBC units to assess for antigen mismatches. Decline in hbA (ΔHbA) from posttransfusion to the next transfusion was calculated for each transfusion episode.RESULTSSixty patients received 789 transfusions, 740 with ΔHbA estimations, and 630 with donor Human Erythrocyte Antigen genotyping. In univariate mixed‐model analysis, ΔHbA was higher in patients with past RBC antibodies or splenomegaly and lower in patients with splenectomy. RBC antigen mismatches were not associated with ΔHbA. In multivariate linear mixed‐effects modeling, ΔHbA was associated with RBC antibodies (2.70 vs. 2.45 g/dL/28 d, p = 0.0028), splenomegaly (2.87 vs. 2.28 g/dL/28 d, p = 0.019), and negatively associated with splenectomy (2.46 vs. 2.70 g/dL/28 d, p = 0.011).CONCLUSIONSHbA decline was increased among patients with sickle cell anemia with prior immunologic response to RBC antigens and decreased among those with prior splenectomy, demonstrating that recipient immunologic characteristics influenced the clearance of transfused RBCs.
Bacterial screening of apheresis platelets with a rapid test: a 113‐month single center experience
Authors: Ruby Kristen N. , Thomasson Reggie R. , Szczepiorkowski Zbigniew M. , Dunbar Nancy M. 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUNDThe 2016 Food and Drug Administration draft guidance describes the use of a rapid test (RT) to enhance platelet transfusion safety and availability. This study reports a 113‐month experience of screening of apheresis platelets (APs) by RT.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSFrom July 2008 to October 2015, all APs underwent an RT on Day 4. Day 6 and 7 units were transfused with transfusion medicine physician approval. Any units remaining on Day 8 had a second RT performed. From November 2015 to November 2017, APs underwent an RT on Day 5 with a repeat RT on Days 6 and 7. During both periods, positive RTs underwent confirmatory testing with culture when repeat testing was positive.RESULTSA total of 9009 APs underwent an RT on Day 4 or 5. Of these, 45 (0.5%) were RT positive, with no true positives. A total of 754 underwent a second RT on Day 8, with no positives. Since November 2015, 1152 platelets have undergone a second RT on Day 6; 391 have undergone a third RT on Day 7. Of these, five (0.4%) were RT positive on Day 6, with no true positives. There were no septic transfusion reactions identified by passive surveillance at our institution during either study period.CONCLUSIONTo date, we have not detected any true positives after performing 11,306 tests on 9009 APs. A total of 1906 underwent testing twice, and 391 underwent testing three times. We did not identify any conversions from negative to positive on repeat testing.
Transition to a 1‐year deferral for male blood donors who report sexual contact with men: staff perspectives at one blood collection organization
Authors: Hughes Shana D. , Custer Brian , Laborde Nicole , Sheon Nicolas 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUNDFront‐line staff at blood collection organizations (BCOs) play important roles in keeping the blood supply safe, yet research on their professional practice and perspectives on training needs is sparse. This qualitative study explored these topics with regard to the then‐impending change in donor eligibility for men reporting sex with another man (MSM).STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSSemistructured, individual interviews with BCO staff (n = 13) in Northern California covered experiences of and opinions on indefinite deferral, the revised 1‐year deferral, and anticipated potential challenges arising from the new policy. Transcripts were thematically coded, using deductive and inductive approaches. Analysis identified recurrent and divergent themes.RESULTSInterviewees reported strong values of professionalism and respect for donors and supported the change to a 1‐year deferral for MSM donors. Nonetheless, nearly all voiced the need for more in‐depth training to maximize the likelihood of successful implementation. Specific recommendations included the use of role‐play, provision of science‐based talking points or FAQs, and empathy for donors and staff.CONCLUSIONMore than the usual training may be required to help BCO staff feel prepared to educate the public about changes to MSM‐related deferrals and communicate effectively with donors about potentially deferrable behavior. Overall, these findings suggest that before future policy changes, BCO staff's opinions about and role in implementing new donor eligibility screening procedures merit consideration.
Conductive hearing loss in four dogs associated with the use of ointment‐based otic medications
Authors: Cole Lynette K. , Rajala‐Schultz Päivi. J. , Lorch Gwendolen 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundHearing loss (HL) is classified as conductive when sound transmission is compromised in the ear canal or middle ear, or sensorineural when there is an abnormality of the receptor cells of the cochlea or auditory pathway. Hearing in dogs is evaluated using the brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER) test.Hypothesis/ObjectivesOur objective was to characterize BAER findings pre‐ and post‐ear flushing in four dogs with acute HL following application of an ointment‐based otic medication containing betamethasone, clotrimazole and gentamicin in a mineral oil‐based system containing a plasticized hydrocarbon gel.AnimalsDogs, ranging from 9 to 11 years old, that had been treated with the otic medication for one to three weeks prior to hearing loss and on otoscopic examination had evidence of medication in the horizontal ear canals.MethodsDogs were anaesthetized for an ear flush to remove the medication from the ear canals. Hearing was assessed using BAER testing, measurements were initiated with 116 decibel peak equivalent sound pressure level (dBpeSPL) click. Estimated threshold was defined as the lowest intensity in dB in which wave V was still present.ResultsPost‐ear flush the estimated threshold improved in both ears of all dogs (mean 22.3 dB; range 13–41 dB), confirming conductive HL due to the otic medication. All owners noted an improvement in their dog's hearing post‐ear flush, validating the BAER findings.Conclusions and clinical importanceThese results emphasize the importance of an ear flush to remove otic medications in dogs that experience acute HL, to determine if the HL is conductive, and if so, to restore hearing.
A mathematical model for the determination of mouse excisional wound healing parameters from photographic data
Authors: Cogan Nicholas G. , Mellers Alana P. , Patel Bhavi N. , Powell Brett D. , Aggarwal Manu , Harper Kathleen M. , Blaber Michael 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe present a mathematical model to quantify parameters of mouse excisional wound healing from photographic data. The equation is a piecewise linear function in log scale that includes key parameters of initial wound radius (R0), an initial wound stasis phase (Ti), and time to wound closure (Tc); subsequently, these terms permit calculation of a latter active proliferative phase (Tp), and the healing rate (HR) during this active phase. A daily photographic record of wound healing (utilizing 6 mm diameter splinted excisional wounds) permits the necessary sampling for robust parameter refinement. When implemented with an automated nonlinear fitting routine, the healing parameters are determined in an operator‐independent (i.e., unbiased) manner. The model was evaluated using photographic data from a splinted excisional surgical procedure involving several different mouse cohorts. Model fitting demonstrates excellent coefficients of determination (R2) in each case. The model, thus, permits quantitation of key parameters of excisional wound healing, from initial wounding through to wound closure, from photographic data.
PlanHab*: hypoxia does not worsen the impairment of skeletal muscle oxidative function induced by bed rest alone
Authors: Salvadego Desy , Keramidas Michail E. , Kölegård Roger , Brocca Lorenza , Lazzer Stefano , Mavelli Irene , Rittweger Jörn , Eiken Ola , Mekjavic Igor B. , Grassi Bruno 
Published: April 2018

Key points
Superposition of hypoxia on 21 day bed rest did not worsen the impairment of skeletal muscle oxidative function induced by bed rest alone.
A significant impairment of maximal oxidative performance was identified downstream of cardiovascular O2 delivery, involving both the intramuscular matching between O2 supply and utilization and mitochondrial respiration.
These chronic adaptations appear to be relevant in terms of exposure to spaceflights and reduced gravity habitats (Moon or Mars), as characterized by low gravity and hypoxia, in patients with chronic diseases characterized by hypomobility/immobility and hypoxia, as well as in ageing.
AbstractSkeletal muscle oxidative function was evaluated in 11 healthy males (mean ± SD age 27 ± 5 years) prior to (baseline data collection, BDC) and following a 21 day horizontal bed rest (BR), carried out in normoxia ( = 133 mmHg; N‐BR) and hypoxia ( = 90 mmHg; H‐BR). H‐BR was aimed at simulating reduced gravity habitats. The effects of a 21 day hypoxic ambulatory confinement ( = 90 mmHg; H‐AMB) were also assessed. Pulmonary O2 uptake (), vastus lateralis fractional O2 extraction (changes in deoxygenated haemoglobin + myoglobin concentration, Δ[deoxy(Hb + Mb)]; near‐infrared spectroscopy) and femoral artery blood flow (ultrasound Doppler) were evaluated during incremental one‐leg knee‐extension exercise (reduced constraints to cardiovascular O2 delivery) carried out to voluntary exhaustion in a normoxic environment. Mitochondrial respiration was evaluated ex vivo by high‐resolution respirometry in permeabilized vastus lateralis fibres. decreased (P < 0.05) after N‐BR (0.98 ± 0.13 L min−1) and H‐BR (0.96 ± 0.17 L min−1) vs. BDC (1.05 ± 0.14 L min−1). In the presence of a decreased (by ∼6–8%) thigh muscle volume, normalized per unit of muscle mass was not affected by both interventions. Δ[deoxy(Hb + Mb)]peak decreased (P < 0.05) after N‐BR (65 ± 13% of limb ischaemia) and H‐BR (62 ± 12%) vs. BDC (73 ± 13%). H‐AMB did not alter or Δ[deoxy(Hb + Mb)]peak. An overshoot of Δ[deoxy(Hb + Mb)] was evident during the first minute of unloaded exercise after N‐BR and H‐BR. Arterial blood flow to the lower limb during both unloaded and peak knee extension was not affected by any intervention. Maximal ADP‐stimulated mitochondrial respiration decreased (P < 0.05) after all interventions vs. control. In 21 day N‐BR, a significant impairment of oxidative metabolism occurred downstream of cardiovascular O2 delivery, affecting both mitochondrial respiration and presumably the intramuscular matching between O2 supply and utilization. Superposition of H on BR did not worsen the impairment induced by BR alone.
Molecular Characterization of
qnrVC
Genes and Their Novel Alleles in Vibrio spp. Isolated from Food Products in China
Authors: Zhang Yanyan , Zheng Zhiwei , Chan Edward Wai-Chi , Dong Ning , Xia Xiaodong , Chen Sheng 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT

This study reports the prevalences of
qnrVC
genes in 74 ciprofloxacin-resistant
Vibrio
sp. isolates. Two novel functional
qnrVC
alleles,
qnrVC8
and
qnrVC9
, sharing 98% and 99% nucleotide similarity with
qnrVC6
and
qnrVC7
, respectively, were identified. Our findings suggested that carriage of
qnrVC
alleles, together with target mutations in
gyrA
and
parC
genes, may contribute to the development of fluoroquinolone resistance in
Vibrio
species, posing a serious threat to public health.