bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase II Study of Lenvatinib in Patients With Progressive, Recurrent or Metastatic Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
Authors: Tchekmedyian Vatche , Sherman Eric J. , Dunn Lara , Tran Crystal , Baxi Shrujal , Katabi Nora , Antonescu Cristina R. , Ostrovnaya Irina , Haque Sofia S. , Pfister David G. , Ho Alan L. 
Published: April 2019

PURPOSE Recurrent or metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma (R/M ACC) is a malignant neoplasm of predominantly salivary gland origin for which effective therapies are lacking. We conducted a phase II trial evaluating the multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor lenvatinib in patients with R/M ACC. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study was conducted with a two-stage minimax design. Patients with histologically confirmed R/M ACC of any primary site with radiographic and/or symptomatic progression were eligible. Any prior therapy was allowed except previous lenvatinib. Patients received lenvatinib 24 mg orally per day. The primary end point was overall response rate. Secondary end points were progression-free survival and safety. An exploratory analysis of how MYB expression and genomic alterations relate to outcomes was conducted. RESULTS Thirty-three patients were enrolled; 32 were evaluable for the primary end point. Five patients (15.6%) had a confirmed partial response, 24 patients (75%) had stable disease, two patients (6.3%) discontinued treatment as a result of toxicity before the first scan, and one patient (3.1%) had progression of disease as best response. Median progression-free survival time was 17.5 months (95% CI, 7.2 months to not reached), although only eight progression events were observed. Patients otherwise were removed for toxicity (n = 5), as a result of withdrawal of consent (n = 9), or at the treating physician’s discretion (n = 6). Twenty-three patients required at least one dose modification, and 18 of 32 patients discontinued lenvatinib for drug-related issues. The most common grade 3 or 4 adverse events were hypertension (n = 9; 28.1%) and oral pain (n = 3; 9.4%). Three grade 4 adverse events were observed (myocardial infarction, n = 1; posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, n = 1; and intracranial hemorrhage, n = 1). CONCLUSION This trial met the prespecified overall response rate primary end point, demonstrating antitumor activity with lenvatinib in R/M ACC patients. Toxicity was comparable to previous studies, requiring monitoring and management.
Dose-Adjusted EPOCH-R Compared With R-CHOP as Frontline Therapy for Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Clinical Outcomes of the Phase III Intergroup Trial Alliance/CALGB 50303
Authors: Bartlett Nancy L. , Wilson Wyndham H. , Jung Sin-Ho , Hsi Eric D. , Maurer Matthew J. , Pederson Levi D. , Polley Mei-Yin C. , Pitcher Brandelyn N. , Cheson Bruce D. , Kahl Brad S. , Friedberg Jonathan W. , Staudt Louis M. , Wagner-Johnston Nina D. , Blum Kristie A. , Abramson Jeremy S. , Reddy Nishitha M. , Winter Jane N. , Chang Julie E. , Gopal Ajay K. , Chadburn Amy , Mathew Susan , Fisher Richard I. , Richards Kristy L. , Schöder Heiko , Zelenetz Andrew D. , Leonard John P. 
Published: April 2019

PURPOSE Alliance/CALGB 50303 (NCT00118209), an intergroup, phase III study, compared dose-adjusted etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and rituximab (DA-EPOCH-R) with standard rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) as frontline therapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients received six cycles of DA-EPOCH-R or R-CHOP. The primary objective was progression-free survival (PFS); secondary clinical objectives included response rate, overall survival (OS), and safety. RESULTS Between 2005 and 2013, 524 patients were registered; 491 eligible patients were included in the final analysis. Most patients (74%) had stage III or IV disease; International Prognostic Index (IPI) risk groups included 26% IPI 0 to 1, 37% IPI 2, 25% IPI 3, and 12% IPI 4 to 5. At a median follow-up of 5 years, PFS was not statistically different between the arms (hazard ratio, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.68 to 1.27; P = .65), with a 2-year PFS rate of 78.9% (95% CI, 73.8% to 84.2%) for DA-EPOCH-R and 75.5% (95% CI, 70.2% to 81.1%) for R-CHOP. OS was not different (hazard ratio, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.75 to 1.59; P = .64), with a 2-year OS rate of 86.5% (95% CI, 82.3% to 91%) for DA-EPOCH-R and 85.7% (95% CI, 81.4% to 90.2%) for R-CHOP. Grade 3 and 4 adverse events were more common ( P < .001) in the DA-EPOCH-R arm than the R-CHOP arm, including infection (16.9% v 10.7%, respectively), febrile neutropenia (35.0% v 17.7%, respectively), mucositis (8.4% v 2.1%, respectively), and neuropathy (18.6% v 3.3%, respectively). Five treatment-related deaths (2.1%) occurred in each arm. CONCLUSION In the 50303 study population, the more intensive, infusional DA-EPOCH-R was more toxic and did not improve PFS or OS compared with R-CHOP. The more favorable results with R-CHOP compared with historical controls suggest a potential patient selection bias and may preclude generalizability of results to specific risk subgroups.
The N-end rule pathway and Ubr1 enforce protein compartmentalization via P2-encoded cellular location signals
Authors: Tran Anthony 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
The Arg/N-end rule pathway and Ubr1, a ubiquitin E3 ligase conserved from yeast to humans, is involved in the degradation of misfolded proteins in the cytosol. However, the root physiological purpose of this activity is not completely understood. Through a systematic examination of single-residue P2-position mutants of misfolded proteins, and global and targeted bioinformatic analyses of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteome, it was determined that Ubr1 preferentially targets mistranslocated secretory and mitochondrial proteins in the cytosol. Degradation by Ubr1 is dependent on the recognition of cellular location signals that are naturally embedded into the second amino acid residue of most proteins. This P2-encoded location signaling mechanism may shed light on how Ubr1 and the N-end rule pathway are involved in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. A corollary to this discovery is that the N-end rule pathway enforces the compartmentalization of secretory and mitochondrial proteins by degrading those that fail to reach their intended subcellular locations. The N-end rule pathway is therefore likely to have been critical to the evolution of endosymbiotic relationships that paved the way for advanced eukaryotic cellular life.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Mapeamento e estudo da potabilidade de água de fontes alternativas localizadas em dois Distritos da Zona da Mata Mineira - MG
Authors: Rodrigues Larissa Félix , Melo Lidervan de Paula , Souza Waltencir Balbino de , Patricio Pamela da Rocha 
Published: April 2019

A falta de chuvas, somadas as ações humanas, põe em risco a qualidade de água disponível para o abastecimento humano, deixando várias localidades sem abastecimento. A água superficial não é suficiente para atender a demanda cada vez mais crescente, consequentemente, torna-se necessário a utilização da água subterrânea para o abastecimento. Neste trabalho foi realizado um mapeamento e estudo da potabilidade de água de fontes alternativas utilizadas para consumo em dois Distritos localizados na região da Zona da Mata Mineira, Sobral Pinto e Santana do Campestre, os quais pertencem à microrregião de Ubá - MG. Segundo levantamento um total de 85 fontes alternativas foram encontradas, sendo 24 em Sobral Pinto e 61 em Santana do Campestre. De acordo com os dados obtidos, a população entrevistada considera a água das fontes boas para consumo e, portanto, preferem utilizá-la em detrimento a água tratada da companhia de saneamento. Foram selecionadas 8 pontos de coletas para análises, entre elas 3 em Sobral Pinto e 5 em Santana do Campestre. Foi detectada a presença de coliformes em duas amostras de Sobral Pinto e uma em Santana do Campestre. Os valores de pH determinados em Santana do Campestre encontraram-se abaixo de 6 para todas as amostras analisadas. Os demais parâmetros analisados tanto em Santana do Campestre e Sobral Pinto encontram-se de acordo com as normas vigentes com exceção da turbidez para uma das amostras avaliadas em Sobral Pinto que ficou acima do permitido.
SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE: REPRESENTAÇÃO SOCIAL PARA PROFISSIONAIS DE SAÚDE EM ÂMBITO HOSPITALAR
Authors: Atanázio Maria da Glória Nascimento , De Medeiros Ana Isa Dantas , Sousa Kelienny de Meneses , Gama Zenewton André da Silva , Batista Almária Mariz 
Published: April 2019

A cultura de segurança do paciente em hospitais tem sido avaliada no Brasil com uma abordagem quantitativa a partir de questionários traduzidos de outros países, porém é necessária uma abordagem qualitativa complementar em busca de itens e dimensões peculiares do contexto nacional. Com o objetivo de apreender a representação social da cultura de segurança do paciente no âmbito hospitalar brasileiro, foi realizada uma análise de conteúdo das respostas de profissionais a uma pergunta aberta em um questionário anteriormente validado. Para análise dos dados, foi utilizado o ALCESTE, que realiza análise léxica de um conjunto de dados textuais, gerando dados e classes, que devem ser interpretados à luz do questionamento inicial. As 3 classes geradas foram infraestrutura, erros e subnotificação e processos de trabalho. Os resultados apontaram para os principais problemas e deficiências presentes nessas instituições, na visão do profissional, que abrangem desde questões gerenciais e estruturais até fatores que dizem respeito à conduta profissional. Os problemas de infraestrutura, a forte rejeição à notificação e a desvalorização do trabalho em saúde são componentes peculiares do contexto nacional que devem ser considerados em avaliações futuras da cultura de segurança. Portanto, espera-se que estas informações auxiliem gestores, pesquisadores e profissionais na avaliação e melhoria contínua da segurança do paciente em hospitais brasileiros.
USO DO OMEPRAZOL: ESTUDO DESCRITIVO DE PACIENTES IDOSOS DE UMA UNIDADE DE SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA (USF) DE RIBEIRÃO PRETO, SP, BRASIL
Authors: De Lima Jean Mozart , Dal Fabbro Amaury Lelis , Funayama André Rodrigues 
Published: April 2019

O primeiro inibidor da bomba de prótons (IBP) comercializado no mundo foi o omeprazol. É hoje amplamente prescrito na Atenção Básica brasileira. Estudos indicam que o uso a longo prazo pode estar relacionado a efeitos adversos importantes na qualidade de vida do paciente. Assim, o objetivo foi avaliar a prevalência e o perfil clínico de pacientes idosos em uso de omeprazol em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família (USF). Foi realizado um estudo transversal descritivo em que foram avaliados pacientes idosos, usuários de uma USF. Foram incluídos no estudo 100 pacientes idosos. Desses, 35 faziam uso do omeprazol, sendo 10 do sexo masculino e 25 do sexo feminino. A dose de 20 mg diária foi encontrada em 68,6% dos usuários, 91,4% tem prescrição por mais de doze meses e 51,4% não possuíam registro do motivo de uso do omeprazol, 17,1% tinham descrito epigastralgia como justificativa de uso. O omeprazol pode estar sendo prescrito sem uma clara indicação de uso e por tempo de tratamento prolongado, colaborando para o uso inadequado desse medicamento.
Hydrocarbon Generation Potential of Chia Gara Formation in Three Selected Wells, Northern Iraq
Authors: Mamaseni Wrya J. , Naqshabandi Srood F , Al-Jaboury Falah Kh. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In this study collected samples of Chia Gara Formation in Atrush, Shaikhan and Sarsang oilfields are used to geochemical characteristics of organic matter in this formation. This determination was based on Rock-Eval pyrolysis and Biomarker analyses. The Chia Gara Formation can be considered as good to excellent source rock; it’s TOC content ranges from 1.14-8.5wt% with an average of 1.85%, 3.91%, and 6.94% in Atush-1, Mangesh-1 and Shaikhan-8 wells respectively. The samples of Chia Gara Formation contain kerogen type II. These properties are considered optimal for oil generation. The low oxygen index (OI) and pristane/phytane (Pr/Ph) ratios (Average 20.73, 0.61 respectively) and high hydrogen index (HI) (average 637.6) indicate that the formation was deposited under anoxic condition. According to regular sterane (C27%, C28%, C29%) and terpanes ratios (C29/C30, C31/C30 hopane), the formation was deposited in marine environment.
The average value of the Carbon Preference Index (CPI) is one with Tmax values of more than 430 ºC; these indicate peak oil window for the selected samples. Overall, the 20S/(20S+20R), ββ/(ββ+αα)C29 steranes and 22R/(22R+22S)C32homohopane, with Ts/ (Ts+Tm), and moretane/ hopane ratios point to a mature organic matter and to the ability of the formation to generate oil.
Characterization of soil permeability in the former Lake Texcoco, Mexico
Authors: López-Acosta Norma Patricia , Espinosa-Santiago Alejandra Liliana , Barba-Galdámez David Francisco 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe geotechnical subsoil conditions of the former Lake Texcoco represent a complex sequence of highly compressible lacustrine clays interbedded with layers and seams of harder and more permeable materials. Although the mechanical properties of these deposits have been extensively studied in the past, the information about their hydraulic properties is scarce. Currently, a comprehensive characterization of the hydraulic conductivity of this site has become necessary because of the construction of the New Mexico International Airport (NAIM). The present study describes a systematic evaluation of the hydraulic conductivity in the former Lake Texcoco through three differentin-situmethods (well permeameter, LEFRANC and piezocone dissipation test). The measurements, taken from 155 locations, show a high spatial variability, with ranges spanning more than two orders of magnitude. The results also reveal that the estimated permeabilities vary significantly among methods. These discrepancies reflect the scale dependency of the hydraulic conductivity in the area caused by soil heterogeneities. A comparison of the presented results with previous studies demonstrates that piezocone tests provide representative results for the clayey formations, while LEFRANC tests better estimate the hydraulic conductivity of the permeable strata. Besides, CPTu tests yield more consistent values of hydraulic conductivity, with smaller dispersion than well permeameter and LEFRANC tests.
Temperature changes accompanying signal propagation in axons
Authors: Tamm Kert , Engelbrecht Jüri , Peets Tanel 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this paper mathematical models are formulated in order to simulate heat production and corresponding temperature changes which accompany the propagation of an action potential. Based on earlier experimental results, several models are proposed. Together with the earlier system of coupled differential equations derived by the authors for describing the electrical and mechanical components of signaling in nerve fibers, the novel results permit to cast the whole process of signaling into one system. The emphasis is on the mathematical description of coupling forces. The numerical results are qualitatively similar to experiments.
Phylogeography and niche modelling: reciprocal enlightenment
Authors: Pahad Govan , Montgelard Claudine , Jansen van Vuuren Bettine 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Phylogeography examines the spatial genetic structure of species. Environmental niche modelling (or ecological niche modelling; ENM) examines the environmental limits of a species’ ecological niche. These two fields have great potential to be used together. ENM can shed light on how phylogeographical patterns develop and help identify possible drivers of spatial structure that need to be further investigated. Specifically, ENM can be used to test for niche differentiation among clades, identify factors limiting individual clades and identify barriers and contact zones. It can also be used to test hypotheses regarding the effects of historical and future climate change on spatial genetic patterns by projecting niches using palaeoclimate or future climate data. Conversely, phylogeographical information can populate ENM with within-species genetic diversity. Where adaptive variation exists among clades within a species, modelling their niches separately can improve predictions of historical distribution patterns and future responses to climate change. Awareness of patterns of genetic diversity in niche modelling can also alert conservationists to the potential loss of genetically diverse areas in a species’ range. Here, we provide a simplistic overview of both fields, and focus on their potential for integration, encouraging researchers on both sides to take advantage of the opportunities available.
Single-photon sources with quantum dots in III–V nanowires
Authors: Mäntynen Henrik , Anttu Nicklas , Sun Zhipei , Lipsanen Harri 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Single-photon sources are one of the key components in quantum photonics applications. These sources ideally emit a single photon at a time, are highly efficient, and could be integrated in photonic circuits for complex quantum system designs. Various platforms to realize such sources have been actively studied, among which semiconductor quantum dots have been found to be particularly attractive. Furthermore, quantum dots embedded in bottom-up-grown III–V compound semiconductor nanowires have been found to exhibit relatively high performance as well as beneficial flexibility in fabrication and integration. Here, we review fabrication and performance of these nanowire-based quantum sources and compare them to quantum dots in top-down-fabricated designs. The state of the art in single-photon sources with quantum dots in nanowires is discussed. We also present current challenges and possible future research directions.
Traveling wave solutions for (3+1) dimensional conformable fractional Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation with power law nonlinearity
Authors: Osman M.S. , Rezazadeh Hadi , Eslami Mostafa 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In this work, we consider the (3+1) dimensional conformable fractional Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation with power law nonlinearity. Solitary wave solutions, soliton wave solutions, elliptic wave solutions, and periodic (hyperbolic) wave rational solutions are obtained by means of the unified method. The solutions showed that this method provides us with a powerful mathematical tool for solving nonlinear conformable fractional evolution equations in various fields of applied sciences.
Confidence of Older Eyewitnesses: Is It Diagnostic of Identification Accuracy?
Authors: Martschuk Natalie , Sporer Siegfried L. , Sauerland Melanie 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSince the late 1980s evidence has been accumulating that confidence recorded at the time of identification is a reliable postdictor of eyewitness identification. Nonetheless, there may be noteworthy exceptions. In a re-analysis of a field study by Sauerland and Sporer (2009; N = 720; n = 436 choosers between 15 and 83 years old) we show that the postdictive value of confidence was reduced for participants aged 40 years or older. Different calibration indices and Bayesian analyses demonstrate a progressive dissociation between identification performance and confidence across age groups. While the confidence expressed following an identification remained unchanged across the lifespan, identification accuracy decreased. Young, highly confident witnesses were much more likely to be accurate than less confident witnesses. With increasing age, witnesses were more likely to be overconfident, particularly at the medium and high levels of confidence, and the postdictive value of confidence and decision times decreased. We conclude that witness age may be an important moderator to take into account when evaluating identification evidence.
Fewer Constraints Enhance the Generation Effect for Source Memory in Younger, but not Older Adults
Authors: McCurdy Matthew P. , Leach Ryan C. , Leshikar Eric D. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe generation effect is the memory benefit for information that is self-generated compared to read. This effect is robust for both younger and older adults. Recent work with younger adults has shown that the generation effect for context memory (i.e., contextual details associated with an episode) can be increased when there are fewer rather than greater experimental constraints placed on what participants can generate. This increase in context memory is attributable to enhanced relational processing. Given older adults’ deficits in context memory the present study tested whether fewer generation constraints would similarly improve the generation effect for contextual details in older adults. In this study, we examined age differences in item and context (i.e., source and associative) memory across three different tasks comprising the encoding of cue-target pairs: a lower-constraint generation task (i.e., free response to cue, such as assist – ____), a higher-constraint generation task (i.e., solving an anagram, such as assist – hlpe), and a read task (i.e., simply reading the cue-target pair, such as assist – help). Both age groups showed improved item and context memory for materials studied during the generation tasks (both lower- and higher-constraint) compared to the read task. However, only younger adults showed increased source memory for lower-constraint compared to higher-constraint generation, whereas older adults showed equivalent source and associative memory for both lower- and higher-constraint generation tasks. These findings suggest both age groups benefit from self-generation, but older adults may benefit less from conditions that enhance relational processing (lower-constraint generation) in younger adults.
Reduction of Chronic Stress and Trait Anxiety by Inquiry of Cognitive Appraisals with the Inquiry-Based Stress Reduction (IBSR) Method
Authors: Krispenz Ann , Dickhäuser Oliver 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackground: Chronic stress and anxiety can impair individuals’ health. Appraisal theories assume that stress and anxiety are experienced if individuals appraise a situation as threatening for their well-being. Thus, the modification of cognitive appraisals can be expected to reduce stress and anxiety. A potentially effective method to modify individuals’ appraisals is inquiry-based stress reduction (IBSR; Mitchell & Mitchell, 2003).Aims: The present study assesses the effects of IBSR on chronic stress and trait anxiety in comparison to a matched control group.Method: We used a quasi-experimental repeated-measurement design and a non-clinical sample of N = 199. Participants’ chronic stress and anxiety levels were assessed before and three months after a nine-day IBSR training. To account for the consequences of missing randomization, propensity score matching was applied.Results: As expected, data analyses revealed that in the IBSR training group chronic stress and trait anxiety statistically significantly decreased over the course of three months whereas in the matched control group, the levels of chronic stress and trait anxiety did not statistically significantly change.Conclusions: IBSR seems to effectively reduce trait anxiety and chronic stress in a non-clinical sample.
Gesundheitsversorgung von sexualisierter Gewalt betroffener Mädchen* und Frauen* verbessern!
Authors: Gestrich Hannah 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Viele Mädchen* und Frauen* sind von sexualisierter Gewalt in der Kindheit betroffen. Die psychischen und physischen Auswirkungen können sehr unterschiedlich sein. Zur Unterstützung und Versorgung von betroffenen Mädchen* und Frauen* bedarf es ein thematisch sensibilisiertes und aufmerksames Gesundheitssystem, um Diskriminierung oder Retraumatisierung zu vermeiden.