bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of baked milk on accelerating unheated cow's milk tolerance: A control randomized clinical trial
Authors: Esmaeilzadeh Hossein , Alyasin Soheila , Haghighat Mahmoud , Nabavizadeh Hesamodin , Esmaeilzadeh Elmira , Mosavat Fereshteh 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundAssessing the effect of adding baked milk products to the diet of patients with cow's milk allergy on accelerating the formation of tolerance.MethodA randomized clinical trial was carried out with 84 patients (6 months‐3 years old) diagnosed with allergy to cow's milk who tolerated baked milk in form of muffin in oral food challenge (OFC). The subjects were divided randomly into case and control groups matched for age and sex. Patients in the case group were asked to consume baked milk in the form of muffin for 6 months and then to consume baked cheese in the form of pizza for another 6 months. The control group were instructed to strictly avoid any milk products for 1 year. Skin prick test (SPT) and serum‐specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) levels (ImmunoCAP) of milk, casein, and beta‐lactoglobulin were measured before and after the study. In addition, those in the case group who had satisfactorily tolerated baked products during the study as well as all the subjects in the control group underwent an OFC to evaluate unheated milk tolerance at the end of the study.ResultsIt was shown that by the end of the 1‐year study period, 88.1% (37/42) of the patients in the case group and 66.7% (28/42) of those in control group had developed tolerance to unheated milk (P‐value: 0.018). The results of milk‐specific SPT and sIgE levels showed a significant decrease in the case group. Initial sIgE levels could not predict unheated milk tolerance in case and control groups.ConclusionIntroducing baked milk products into the diet of patients with milk allergy can accelerate the tolerance of unheated milk in these patients. sIgE levels of milk, casein, and beta‐lactoglobulin did not predict the tolerance of unheated milk.
SC1 sustains the self‐renewal capacity and pluripotency of chicken blastodermal cells by inhibiting the phosphorylation of ERK1 and promoting the phosphorylation of Akt
Authors: Li Rongyang , Tang Xiaochuan , Xu Shiyong , Chen Qing , Chen Baobao , Liu Shuo , Li Bojiang , Li Weijian , Yao Yilong , Wu Wangjun , Liu Honglin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSmall molecules discovered during the recent years can be used to regulate the growth of embryonic stem cells (ES cells). Chicken blastodermal cells (cBCs) play an important role in both basic and transgenic researches as an important ES cell. However, the regulatory mechanism of small molecules involved in the self‐renewal and pluripotency of cBCs remains unknown. This study revealed that the small molecule, SC1, can maintain cBCs in an undifferentiated, pluripotent state in serum‐ and feeder‐free E8 media without leukaemia inhibitory factor. Furthermore, SC1 inhibits downregulation of pluripotency‐related genes caused by retinoic acid and promotes the proliferation of cBCs. Furthermore, the results of this study indicated that SC1 functions by inhibiting ERK1 phosphorylation and promoting Akt phosphorylation, thus promoting the expression of pluripotency‐related genes and maintaining the pluripotency of cBCs. The results also demonstrated that SC1 sustains the self‐renewal capacity and pluripotency of cBCs cells by inhibiting ERK1 phosphorylation and promoting Akt phosphorylation. This kind of regulatory mechanism might be conserved in avian ES cells. Other molecules, similar to SC1, might provide insights into the molecular mechanisms that control the fate of stem cells and ultimately help in‐vivo stem cell biology and therapy.
Expression of aquaporin 4 in the chicken oviduct following tamoxifen treatment
Authors: Socha Joanna K. , Saito Noboru , Wolak Dominika , Sechman Andrzej , Hrabia Anna 
Published: July 2018

ContentsThis study was designed to examine whether aquaporin 4 (AQP4) is present in the chicken oviduct, and if so, whether its expression changes during pause in laying induced by tamoxifen (TMX; oestrogen receptor modulator) treatment. The control chickens were injected with a vehicle (ethanol) and the experimental ones with TMX at a dose of 6 mg/kg of body weight. Birds were treated daily until complete cessation of egg laying. The oviductal parts, that is the infundibulum, magnum, isthmus, shell gland and vagina were isolated from hens on day 8 of the experiment, and subsequently, the gene and protein expressions of AQP4 in tissues were examined by real‐time PCR and Western blot, respectively. Immunohistochemical localization of AQP4 in the wall of the chicken oviduct was also investigated. Both mRNA and protein of AQP4 were found in all segments of the chicken oviduct. The relative expression [RQ] of AQP4 was the highest in the infundibulum and the vagina and the lowest, less detectable, in the magnum and isthmus. The pattern of AQP4 protein expression was similar to that of mRNA. Treatment of hens with TMX decreased the mRNA and protein levels of AQP4 in the oviduct. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated tissue and cell‐dependent localization of AQP4 protein in the oviductal wall. The intensity of the immunopositive reaction was as follows: the infundibulum > vagina > shell gland ≥ isthmus >˃ magnum. In the control chickens, the immunoreactivity for AQP4 in all oviductal segments was stronger compared with the TMX‐treated hens. The results obtained indicate that AQP4 takes part in the regulation of water transport required for the formation of egg in the chicken oviduct. Moreover, a relationship between oestrogen action and AQP4 gene and protein expression is suggested.
Occurrence and Chemical Compositions of Amphiboles in Altered Dioritic Rocks of Laiwu Skarn‐Type Iron Deposit in West Shandong Area, China
Authors: Jin Ziliang , Zhang Zhaochong , Santosh M. , Han Liu 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe Laiwu Fe deposit is the largest skarn‐type deposit in West Shandong in China, with an estimated reserve of 290 Mt of iron ore. Here, we investigate the occurrence and chemical composition of amphiboles in altered dioritic rocks of this deposit. Three generations of amphibole group minerals were identified in these rocks. The first type (Type 1) is a hornblende with a generally euhedral crystal shape, 150–500 μm in size, and dominantly occurs in the host monzonite. The second type (Type 2) of hornblende occurs as fine grains (<100 μm) or concentric rims, less than 50 μm in thickness, around the Type 1 hornblende. The third type (Type 3) of amphibole is anhedral actinolite occurring along the boundary or the cracks of the Type 1 or 2 hornblende grains. The Type 1 hornblende has higher FeO (12.5–15.6 wt.%) and lower MgO contents (11.2–14.6 wt.%) than the Type 2 hornblende, which has an FeO content ranging from 8.8 to 10.5 wt.% and MgO content ranging from 14.2 to 17.1 wt.%. The Type 3 actinolite shows the lowest FeO (4.6–6.4 wt.%) and highest MgO (19.8–21.2 wt.%) contents. We infer that the Type 2 hornblende formed from Fe‐rich hydrothermal fluids released during rapid upwelling of the crystallizing magma. The fluids were relatively reduced and enriched in Fe. The Type 3 actinolite formed by coupled dissolution and reprecipitation, and its formation is one of the features denoting Fe‐enrichment events. Our study of these types of amphibole provides insights into the ore formation process.
High‐energy inundation events versus long‐term coastal processes – room for misinterpretation
Authors: Spiske Michaela , Garcia Garcia Anna‐Marietta , Tsukamoto Sumiko , Schmidt Volkmar 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCoastal boulder deposits and chevrons are two features whose origin have triggered controversial discussions. Boulders are often used as indicators of past tsunamis and storms, with the former interpretation in many cases preferred due to the clast size. Chevrons, defined as large parabolic sand bodies, were previously attributed to (mega‐)tsunami, potentially caused by oceanic impacts, because of their dimensions, height above sea level and alignment of the central axis. This study documents that chevrons along the Quobba coast in Western Australia are parabolic dunes and not related to tsunami inundation; their age is consistent with an arid period at about 3·9 to 2·3 ka when the sea level was 1 to 2 m higher than today. The internal age distribution proves an inland migration. Weakly developed soil horizons represent phases of intermittent dune stabilization and later reactivation. The calculated velocities required for wind transport and the prevailing wind directions are consistent with on‐site meteorological parameters. The boulders at Quobba are most likely to be remnants of in situ platform denudation that produces shell hash, coral clasts and boulders. An unknown portion of the boulders was certainly moved by tropical cyclones. A previously proposed tsunami origin is unsustainable because the observed features can be explained by processes other than tsunamis. Boulders were tilted during gravitative platform collapse, standing water caused dissolution of the boulder bottoms, creating ‘pseudo‐rockpools’, consequently not applicable as upside‐down criteria, and ages of attached encrusting organisms document their colonization at higher sea level and (sub)recent frequent inundation by wave splash during rough seas.
Minute‐to‐minute trajectories of child unresponsiveness and parent sensitivity in parent–child interactions: The role of DRD4
Authors: Elam Kit K. , DiLalla Lisabeth F. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractElevated and persistent childhood unresponsiveness to others (not responding to cues from others during interactions) may be due to a combination of early environmental and biological influences. However, little is known about how sensitive parenting may influence minute‐to‐minute changes in child unresponsiveness. The present study examines trajectories of child unresponsiveness to parent and parent sensitivity across a 10‐minute parent–child interaction, and also examines variation by children's DRD4 genotype. Child unresponsiveness and parent sensitivity were assessed minute by minute for 246 twins during a puzzle task. Latent growth curve models demonstrated that increasing trajectories of child unresponsiveness and decreasing trajectories of parent sensitivity were associated across the 10‐minute interaction. When examined by genotype, this association was present only for children with the DRD4 7‐repeat allele (the putative ‘risk’ allele). In addition, initial levels of parent sensitivity predicted trajectories of child unresponsiveness only in children with a DRD4 7‐repeat allele. This examination of gene‐environment interaction illustrates the value of considering both genotype and the parenting environment in consideration of preschool children's development of unresponsive behavior. It also supports the importance of investigating the interplay between minute‐level parenting and child behavior in explaining child development.
How do my parents react when I feel happy? Longitudinal associations with adolescent depressive symptoms, anhedonia, and positive affect regulation
Authors: Nelis Sabine , Bastin Margot , Raes Filip , Bijttebier Patricia 
Published: July 2018

AbstractParental emotion socialization plays a role in the development of adolescents’ emotion regulation and is associated with adolescents’ depressive symptoms. Most research has focused on parental socialization of negative affect. The scarce research on parental socialization of positive affect (PA) shows that parental downgrading responses to adolescents’ PA are associated with concurrent adolescent depression. The aims of the present study were to examine longitudinal associations of both maternal and paternal responses to adolescents’ PA with how adolescents regulate their PA (i.e., dampening and enhancing) and with adolescents’ general depressive symptoms and anhedonia. We also considered associations in the opposite direction from adolescent regulatory responses and symptoms to parental responses. In a two‐wave study (1‐year interval), 635 adolescents from Grade seven completed questionnaires. Cross‐sectionally, maternal and paternal responses to adolescents’ PA were associated with concurrent adolescents’ PA regulation as well as adolescents’ depressive and anhedonic symptoms. Longitudinally, low maternal and paternal enhancing responses to adolescents’ PA predicted relative increases in anhedonic symptoms and relative decreases in adolescent enhancing over time. Low maternal enhancing was also predictive of relative increases in depressive symptoms. The present study points to bidirectionality of relations as adolescents’ level of depressive symptoms predicted maternal and paternal responses.
Transepidermal water loss, stratum corneum hydration, and skin surface pH of female African and Caucasian nursing students
Authors: Young Monica M , Franken Anja , du Plessis Johan L 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundConflicting evidence exists on how skin barrier function compares between Africans and Caucasians. This study measured skin barrier function of South African first year nursing students before their practical training started to compare skin barrier function between the racial groups.MethodsTransepidermal water loss (TEWL), stratum corneum (SC) hydration, and skin surface (SS) pH was measured on female first year nursing students (19 African and 31 Caucasian; age range 18‐40 years). Geometric means and ranges were calculated and the influence of anatomical areas and racial differences were evaluated respectively.ResultsNo significant difference in TEWL was established between the racial groups. SC hydration was significantly lower (P ≤ 0.05) and SS‐pH was significantly higher (P ≤ 0.0001) in African nursing students when compared to Caucasians. African nursing students had significantly lower (P ≤ 0.05) SC hydration on their palms when compared to the other anatomical areas.ConclusionStratum corneum hydration and SS‐pH differed significantly between African and Caucasian skin, while no difference was found for TEWL, the primary parameter used to evaluate skin barrier function. Low SC hydration and high SS‐pH of African nursing students prior to their practical training, may suggest a higher risk for developing occupational skin diseases.
Plasmid‐mediated quinolone resistance in human non‐typhoidal Salmonella infections: An emerging public health problem in the United States
Authors: Karp Beth E. , Campbell Davina , Chen Jessica C. , Folster Jason P. , Friedman Cindy R. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractInvasive Salmonella infections in adults are commonly treated with fluoroquinolones, a critically important antimicrobial class. Historically, quinolone resistance was the result of chromosomal mutations, but plasmid‐mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) has emerged and is increasingly being reported in Enterobacteriaceae worldwide. PMQR may facilitate the spread of quinolone resistance, lead to higher‐level quinolone resistance, and make infections harder to treat. To better understand the epidemiology of PMQR in non‐typhoidal Salmonella causing human infections in the United States, we looked at trends in quinolone resistance among isolates submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We reviewed demographic, exposure and outcome information for patients with isolates having a PMQR‐associated phenotype during 2008–2014 and tested isolates for quinolone resistance mechanisms. We found that PMQR is emerging among non‐typhoidal Salmonella causing human infections in the United States and that international travel, reptile and amphibian exposure, and food are likely sources of human infection.
Analysis
of Passive Temperature Control Systems Using Phase Change Materials for Application to Secondary
Batteries Cooling
Authors: Bubbico Roberto , D'Annibale Francesco , Mazzarotta Barbara , Menale Carla 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Temperature control is one of the most significant factors to improve the performance and extend the cycle life of a battery. It is, therefore, important to design and implement an effective battery thermal management system (TMS). Phase change materials (PCMs) can be used as a cooling means for batteries. In the present paper, a preliminary analysis of the thermal behavior of PCMs used to cool down a heated metal surface was carried out. Tests have shown that pure PCMs are able to limit the temperature increase, but only for relatively low-heat fluxes. At higher values of the heat produced, the thermal conductivity of the PCM was increased by using solid foams characterized by higher thermal conductivity; it was, thus, possible to keep the surface temperature within safe limits for longer times. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of the composite material (PCM + solid foam) was also developed, which allowed to predict the temperature trend within the system under different boundary conditions. However, the average thermal conductivity of the composite system that best fitted the experimental results was found to be much lower than that theoretically predicted by using common semiempirical correlations.
The Potential for the Use of Natural Gas and Propane As Alternative Fuels in the Marine Industry
Authors: Neiburger Par 
Published: July 2018

Liberator Engine Company, LLC designs, develops and produces alternative fuel engines for vehicles around the globe. The Company’s 6.0 Liter Liberator™ gaseous fuels engine will have the ability to operate on Compressed Natural Gas, Liquefied Natural Gas or Liquid Propane Gas: clean, domestic, economical fuels. The Liberator engine will target OEM on road vehicles, as well as off road applications. The Liberator engine is also an excellent choice for the repower of existing diesel vehicles. The 6.0L Liberator™ engine will serve as a replacement engine for vehicle currently operating on a Cummins 5.9L diesel engine or Mercedes diesel 6.0L engine.
Paper published with permission.
The New Risk Perspective in Corrosion Management
Authors: Koch G. , Ripley G. , McKay D. 
Published: July 2018

This paper describes a risk-based approach for corrosion management of offshore floating structures. The objective of this approach is to reduce the risk of corrosion related failures, reduce the associated downtime, while improving the cost-effectiveness of corrosion inspection and maintenance.
Corrosion is increasingly a significant challenge to the offshore industry and attributed to: an aging worldwide offshore fleet; assets being kept in operation for prolonged periods of time; units operating beyond their original “design basis”; and newer larger vessels in deeper, harsher environments with less opportunity for ship yard repair. Corrosion is particularly detrimental to the integrity of the unit, and if not managed properly will increase maintenance costs and downtime costs, possibly reducing the useful operational life of the unit. Although, there are several existing offshore corrosion design standards, experience still reveals a number of assets in poor and critical condition due to corrosion.
Clearly there is a need for a holistic approach on corrosion management during the full operational life of the asset. The presented methodology is based on the principles of ISO 31000 (Risk Management - Principles and Guidelines) to provide a solid consistent framework for corrosion management. The risk-based corrosion management process for offshore structures described in this paper consists of five (5) basic steps: Pre Assessment; Screening and Risk Ranking; Detailed Examination; Remediation and Repair; and Life Cycle Management.
Adopting the described risk based corrosion methodology will provide confidence to the operators and demonstrable evidence to key stakeholders that corrosion is being managed on their assets. It will account for life extension, reduce the risk of corrosion failure, and lower the cost of inspection and maintenance.
Paper published with permission.
Application of ASME Section VIII Division 3 Design Requirements to Offshore High Pressure Equipment
Authors: Sims J. Robert 
Published: July 2018

Offshore oil and gas wells are being drilled into formations that have pressures up to 200 MPa (30,000 psi) and temperatures over 175°C (350°F). Most of the existing API Standards for pressure equipment, such as valves and blow out preventers (BOPs), are limited to pressures of about 100 MPa (15,000 psi). The design requirements in ASME Section VIII Division 3, Alternative Rules for Construction of High Pressure Vessels (Div. 3), can be adapted for the design of this equipment with some modifications. Since the strength of the materials used in these applications is limited due to environmental cracking concerns, it is necessary to accept some local yielding in areas of stress concentrations. Therefore, it is particularly important to apply the elastic-plastic analysis requirements in Div. 3 with appropriate limits on local strain as well as the robust fracture mechanics based fatigue analysis requirements.
Paper published with permission.
NFPA Marine Fire Protection Codes and Standards: An Overview
Authors: Colonna Guy R. 
Published: July 2018

The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) develops consensus codes and standards for fire and life safety for a wide array of occupancies, including the maritime industry. With documents originating in the early 1920’s, NFPA maritime safety standards reflect current practices in vessel design and operations, new hazards, and new technology. These documents include safe practices associated with confined space entry and hot work operations during construction, maintenance, and repair; shipyard fire protection safety management; and suppression system design, installation, and testing/maintenance. This presentation highlights those consensus standards contributing to safety management within the maritime industry.
Paper published with permission.
Identification of a novel pathogenic missense mutation inPRPF31using whole exome sequencing: a case report
Authors: Bryant Laura , Lozynska Olga , Marsh Anson , Papp Tyler E , van Gorder Lucas , Serrano Leona W , Gai Xiaowu , Maguire Albert M , Aleman Tomas S , Bennett Jean 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundVariants inPRPF31, which encodes pre-mRNA processing factor 31 homolog, are known to cause autosomal-dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP) with incomplete penetrance. However, the majority of mutations cause null alleles, with only two proven pathogenic missense mutations. We identified a novel missense mutation inPRPF31in a family with adRP.MethodsWe performed whole exome sequencing to identify possible pathogenic mutations in the proband of a family with adRP. Available affected family members had a full ophthalmological evaluation including kinetic and two-colour dark adapted static perimetry, electroretinography and multimodal imaging of the retina. Two patients had evaluations covering nearly 20 years. We carried out segregation analysis of the probable mutation,PRPF31c.590T>C. We evaluated the cellular localisation of the PRPF31 variant (p.Leu197Pro) compared with the wildtype PRPF31 protein.ResultsPRPF31c.590T>C segregated with the disease in this four-generation autosomal dominant pedigree. There was intrafamilial variability in disease severity. Nyctalopia and mid-peripheral scotomas presented from the second to the fourth decade of life. There was severe rod >cone dysfunction. Visual acuity (VA) was relatively intact and was maintained until later in life, although with marked interocular asymmetries. Laboratory studies showed that the mutant PRPF31 protein (p.Leu197Pro) does not localise to the nucleus, unlike the wildtype PRPF31 protein. Instead, mutant protein resulted in punctate localisation to the cytoplasm.Conclusionsc.590T>C is a novel pathogenic variant inPRPF31causing adRP with incomplete penetrance. Disease may be due to protein misfolding and associated abnormal protein trafficking to the nucleus.