bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Managing local‐regional failure in children with high‐risk neuroblastoma: A single institution experience
Authors: Dove Austin P. , Manole Bogdan‐Alexandru , Wakefield Daniel V. , Cross Shane J. , Doubrovin Michael , Shulkin Barry L. , Merchant Thomas E. , Davidoff Andrew M. , Furman Wayne L. , Krasin Matthew J. , Santana Victor M. , Lucas John T. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundIntensification of systemic therapy for high‐risk neuroblastoma (HRNB) has resulted in improved local control and overall survival (OS) leaving potential for de‐escalation of primary site radiotherapy. The utility of primary site de‐escalation should be evaluated in the context of potential for successful local‐regional salvage. We evaluated salvage strategies and outcomes in patients with HRNB with local‐regional recurrence as a component of first failure.MethodsTwenty of 89 patients with HRNB experienced local‐regional recurrence as a component of first relapse after chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, and stem cell transplant from 1997 to 2013. We reviewed salvage therapy strategies and disease control, and report on the impact of local therapy as salvage for local‐regional relapse.ResultsSix of 20 patients with local‐regional failure (LRF) were alive after a median follow‐up of 13 years (range, 0.9‐25.2 years). Median OS was 4.6 years (95% CI, 0.6 to not reached) versus 0.6 years (95% CI, 0.05‐2.6) after LRF with and without distant failure, respectively (P = 0.03). OS in patients receiving salvage radiotherapy was comparable to those receiving initial adjuvant but no salvage radiotherapy. Time to first failure and death was significantly impacted by the intensity of frontline systemic therapy (P = 0.03). Salvage radiotherapy reduced the hazard for subsequent LRF (hazard ratio 0.3, 95% CI 0.1‐0.9, P = 0.04) but not OS (P = 0.07).ConclusionsOur study highlights the potential of local control strategies at first failure in patients with LRF when primary site radiotherapy was initially omitted, and delineates potential selection factors which may further improve the therapeutic ratio.
Comparison of conditioning regimens for autologous stem cell transplantation in children with acute myeloid leukemia: A nationwide retrospective study in Japan
Authors: Sakaguchi Hirotoshi , Muramatsu Hideki , Hasegawa Daiichiro , Kudo Kazuko , Ishida Hiroyuki , Yoshida Nao , Koh Katsuyoshi , Noguchi Maiko , Shiba Norio , Tokimasa Sadao , Fukuda Takhiro , Goto Hiroaki , Miyamura Takako , Nakazawa Yozo , Hashii Yoshiko , Inoue Masami , Atsuta Yoshiko ,   on behalf of the Pediatric AML Working Group of the Japan Society for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundIndications for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have decreased with the improvement in chemotherapy for pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in the last decade. We conducted reevaluation of autologous HSCT (AHSCT) to compare myeloablative conditioning (MAC) regimens for pediatric AML without the need for consideration of toxicities caused by allogeneic immune reactions.ProcedureThis retrospective study analyzed the clinical outcomes of 220 children with AML who underwent consecutive AHSCT between 1989 and 2002 in Japan by the national prospective registry. The transplantation outcomes of various conditioning regimens were compared.ResultsThe median follow‐up period of the survivors was 160 months. The clinical outcomes of busulfan + cyclophosphamide ± etoposide or busulfan + melphalan regimens were significantly superior compared with other busulfan‐based and total body irradiation‐based regimens (leukemia‐free survival [LFS]: 68% vs 42% and 55%, P = 0.001; overall survival [OS]: 74% vs 49% and 61%, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that busulfan + cyclophosphamide ± etoposide and busulfan + melphalan regimens were independent favorable factors for LFS (hazard ratio: 0.46; P < 0.001) and OS (hazard ratio: 0.40; P < 0.001) compared with the other busulfan‐based regimen, and both age 2 years or older and advanced stage at AHSCT were independent poor predictors for LFS and OS, simultaneously.ConclusionBusulfan + cyclophosphamide ± etoposide and busulfan + melphalan regimens exhibited superior antileukemic effects compared with other BU‐based myeloablative regimens.
Emotion‐related brain organization and behavioral responses to socioemotional stimuli in pediatric cancer survivors with posttraumatic stress symptoms
Authors: Marusak Hilary A. , Iadipaolo Allesandra S. , Paulisin Shelley , Harper Felicity W. , Taub Jeffrey W. , Dulay Kristopher , Elrahal Farrah , Peters Craig , Sala‐Hamrick Kelsey , Crespo Laura M. , Rabinak Christine A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundPediatric cancer is a life‐changing, stressful experience for children and their families. Although most children adjust well, psychologically, a significant subset report posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), with nearly 75% reexperiencing traumatic parts of cancer and/or its treatment. However, little research has examined the effects of pediatric cancer and related PTSS on emotional processing, and on functional properties of key emotional centers in the brain (e.g., amygdala).ProcedureWe examined cancer‐related PTSS, behavioral responses during an emotion‐processing task, and resting‐state functional connectivity of the amygdala in 17 pediatric cancer survivors (ages 6–11) and 17 age‐ and sex‐matched controls.ResultsCancer survivors, relative to controls, were more likely to rate ambiguous (i.e., neutral) faces as negative (i.e., “negativity bias”). Higher reexperiencing PTSS was associated with faster responses to neutral faces. Although there were no group differences in amygdala centrality, within survivors, both higher reexperiencing PTSS and faster reaction times were associated with increased centrality of the amygdala—a functional property associated with hubs of information processing in the brain. In an exploratory mediation analysis, we found that amygdala centrality mediated the link between reaction time and PTSS, suggesting that changes in the brain may be a proximal marker of the expression of emotion‐related symptomology.ConclusionsNegativity bias in cancer survivors may reflect their stressful experiences with cancer and/or its treatment. This negativity bias may represent a susceptibility to changes in emotion‐related brain functioning, which may, in turn, lead to PTSS.
Evidence of hydroxyurea activity in children with pretreated desmoid‐type fibromatosis: A new option in the armamentarium of systemic therapies
Authors: Ferrari Andrea , Orbach Daniel , Affinita Maria Carmen , Chiaravalli Stefano , Corradini Nadege , Meazza Cristina , Bisogno Gianni , Casanova Michela 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe treatment paradigm in desmoid‐type fibromatosis (DF) has changed in recent years from a surgery‐based strategy to a multidisciplinary approach that includes systemic therapies. Among various medical therapies, hydroxyurea has been considered of potential interest. This case series summarizes the experience gained at four centers using hydroxyurea in relapsing DF.MethodsEligibility requirements were age < 21 years, histologically confirmed DF, and progressive or recurrent disease after at least one line of systemic therapy. Hydroxyurea was given orally at an initial dose of 20 mg/kg/day (escalated up to 30 mg/kg/day as necessary, if well tolerated).ResultsThe series included 16 patients treated between 2008 and 2016. Hydroxyurea was the second systemic therapy in nine cases, and the third (at least) in seven. There was no reported G3–G4 hematological toxicity, and one case of G3 diarrhea. Dose reductions were reported in three cases (due to G2 neutropenia). The response rate was 18.7% major partial remissions, 37.5% considering any amount of shrinkage, 68.7% considering symptom response or signs of tissue response as well. In patients with no progression, the treatment was continued for 9–24 months.ConclusionThis is the first published series on the efficacy of hydroxyurea in pediatric DF. The response rate was moderate, but similar to that reported for other medical therapies currently considered as treatment options in this disease. Though further, larger series are needed to confirm as much, hydroxyurea has potential as an effective alternative therapy for DF.
Entwicklung einer DASt‐Richtlinie für höherfrequente Hämmerverfahren
Authors: Kuhlmann Ulrike , Breunig Stephanie , Ummenhofer Thomas , Weidner Philipp 
Published: October 2018

AbstractZahlreiche Forschungsarbeiten der letzten Jahre belegen die ermüdungsfestigkeitssteigernde Wirkung höherfrequenter Hämmerverfahren bei geschweißten Stahlbauteilen. Ungeachtet der intensiven Forschungstätigkeiten auf dem Gebiet der höherfrequenten Hämmerverfahren (HFH) auf nationaler sowie internationaler Ebene darf die durch diese Verfahren erzielbare Ermüdungsfestigkeitssteigerung in Deutschland derzeit noch nicht bei der Bemessung berücksichtigt werden. Bisherige Anwendungen dieser Verfahren beschränken sich im Bauwesen auf Projekte, in denen der Bauherr oder die Bauaufsicht im Einzelfall zugestimmt hat. Eine DASt‐Richtlinie, die die Ermüdungsbemessung von HFH‐nachbehandelten Konstruktionen regelt, wird einen entscheidenden Beitrag zur zukünftigen baupraktischen Anwendung dieser Verfahren leisten. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Ergebnisse eines Forschungsprojekts, dessen Ziel die Entwicklung eines Bemessungskonzepts für HFH‐nachbehandelte Schweißnähte war, vorgestellt. Dieser Bemessungsvorschlag stellt die Grundlage für die künftige DASt‐Richtlinie dar und regelt die Kerbfalleinordnung gemäß Eurocode 3 für nachbehandelte Schweißnähte abhängig vom Spannungsverhältnis und der Werkstoffstreckgrenze unter Angabe geeigneter Anwendungsgrenzen. Die zunehmende Wirksamkeit dieser Verfahren für höherfeste Stähle wird durch das erarbeitete Konzept vorteilhaft berücksichtigt.
Vorspannkraftverluste geschraubter Verbindungen infolge beschichteter Kontaktflächen
Authors: Stranghöner Natalie , Makevičius Lukas , Henkel Knuth‐Michael , Glienke Ralf , Dörre Maik 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDie in Bauwerken mit zyklischen oder nicht vorwiegend ruhenden Beanspruchungen eingesetzten Schraubverbindungen werden gezielt vorgespannt, um die Beanspruchbarkeit und Steifigkeit der Anschlüsse zu erhöhen. Die bereits nach der Montage in den geschraubten Verbindungen auftretenden Vorspannkraftverluste sind idealerweise bei der Bemessung und Ausführung der Konstruktion realistisch abzuschätzen und implizit zu berücksichtigen, damit die rechnerisch angesetzte Vorspannkraft während der Nutzungsdauer des Bauwerks in der Verbindung verbleibt. Im Rahmen des IGF‐Forschungsvorhabens 18711 BG „Vorspannkraftverluste ermüdungsbeanspruchter vorgespannter Schraubverbindungen” wurden hierzu systematische Untersuchungen an vorgespannten geschraubten Verbindungen der Kategorien B/C und E nach DIN EN 1993‐1‐8 vom Institut für Metall‐ und Leichtbau der Universität Duisburg‐Essen (IML) in Kooperation mit der Fraunhofer‐Einrichtung für Großstrukturen in der Produktionstechnik in Rostock (IGP) durchgeführt. Hierbei wurden Vorspannkraftverluste aus Setzen und infolge Ermüdungsbeanspruchung experimentell ermittelt und auf die geplante Lebensdauer logarithmisch extrapoliert. Die Untersuchungen erfolgten an M20‐Schraubengarnituren mit verschiedenen Verbindungsmitteln/Anziehverfahren sowie Klemmlängenverhältnissen und Oberflächenausführungen der Prüfteile.
Concise Review: Human Pluripotent Stem Cells for the Modeling of Pancreatic β-Cell Pathology
Authors: Balboa Diego , Saarimäki-Vire Jonna , Otonkoski Timo 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells are the only source of insulin. Disturbances in β-cell development or function may thus result in insulin deficiency or excess, presenting as hyper- or hypoglycemia. It is increasingly evident that common forms of diabetes (types 1 and 2) are pathogenically heterogeneous. Development of efficient therapies is dependent on reliable disease models. Although animal models are remarkably useful research tools, they present limitations because of species differences. As an alternative, human pluripotent stem cell technologies offer multiple possibilities for the study of human diseases in vitro. In the last decade, advances in the derivation of induced pluripotent stem cells from diabetic patients, combined with β-cell differentiation protocols, have resulted in the generation of useful disease models for diabetes. First disease models have been focusing on monogenic diabetes. The development of genome editing technologies, more advanced differentiation protocols and humanized mouse models based on transplanted cells have opened new horizons for the modeling of more complex forms of β-cell dysfunction. We present here the incremental progress made in the modeling of diabetes using pluripotent stem cells. We discuss the current challenges and opportunities of these approaches to dissect β-cell pathology and devise new pharmacological and cell replacement therapies. Stem Cells 2019;37:33–41
Histone Acetyltransferase KAT2A Stabilizes Pluripotency with Control of Transcriptional Heterogeneity
Authors: Moris Naomi , Edri Shlomit , Seyres Denis , Kulkarni Rashmi , Domingues Ana Filipa , Balayo Tina , Frontini Mattia , Pina Cristina 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Cell fate transitions in mammalian stem cell systems have often been associated with transcriptional heterogeneity; however, existing data have failed to establish a functional or mechanistic link between the two phenomena. Experiments in unicellular organisms support the notion that transcriptional heterogeneity can be used to facilitate adaptability to environmental changes and have identified conserved chromatin-associated factors that modulate levels of transcriptional noise. Herein, we show destabilization of pluripotency-associated gene regulatory networks through increased transcriptional heterogeneity of mouse embryonic stem cells in which paradigmatic histone acetyl-transferase, and candidate noise modulator, Kat2a (yeast orthologue Gcn5), have been inhibited. Functionally, network destabilization associates with reduced pluripotency and accelerated mesendodermal differentiation, with increased probability of transitions into lineage commitment. Thus, we show evidence of a relationship between transcriptional heterogeneity and cell fate transitions through manipulation of the histone acetylation landscape of mouse embryonic stem cells, suggesting a general principle that could be exploited in other normal and malignant stem cell fate transitions.
Queen Triggerfish Reproductive Biology in U.S. Caribbean Waters
Authors: Rivera Hernández Jesús M. , Peña Alvarado Noemi , Correa Vélez Karlen , Nemeth Richard , Appeldoorn Richard , Shervette Virginia 
Published: October 2018

AbstractEffective fisheries management requires a detailed understanding of the life history strategies of managed species. The Queen Triggerfish Balistes vetula supports productive fisheries in the western Atlantic, including the U.S. Caribbean. We utilized a combination of fishery‐dependent and fishery‐independent samples to assess the size structure, sex ratio, size at maturity, spawning season, and spawning frequency for a Queen Triggerfish population in the U.S. Caribbean. From 2013 to 2018, 1,148 samples were collected, ranging in size from 67 to 434 mm FL. This study provides important life history information from an exploited population and is the first to describe Queen Triggerfish reproductive biology in detail for the Caribbean. We documented that the Queen Triggerfish is a sexually dimorphic species characterized by a medium size at maturity. The smallest sexually mature male and female were 184 and 215 mm FL, respectively. Lengths at 50% sexual maturity (L50) for males sampled from Puerto Rico and St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands, were similar (206 and 211 mm FL, respectively) and were significantly smaller than the L50 values for females (Puerto Rico: 256 mm FL; St. Croix: 245 mm FL). Queen Triggerfish, nesting benthic spawners, exhibited group‐synchronous oogenesis and indeterminate fecundity over the spawning season that started as early as the week after the full moon in December and extended until August. Spawning interval, defined as the number of days between spawning events in a female, was 54–55 d, indicating that a female could spawn up to five times over the estimated 241–267‐d spawning season. As regulations on grouper and snapper species in the Caribbean increase, Queen Triggerfish will experience increasing fishing pressure. Managers should continue to evaluate potential impacts of this pressure and establish management regulations that consider the region‐specific reproductive season and size at maturity.
Data mining in foreign language learning
Authors: Bravo‐Agapito Javier , Bonilla Claire Frances , Seoane Isaac 
Published: October 2018

Educational data mining (EDM) combines the techniques of data mining with educational data in order to provide students, instructors, and researchers with knowledge that can benefit academic processes. Due to globalization, foreign language learning (FLL) has become increasingly important. This work seeks to gain insight as to how data mining (DM) is being used to benefit FLL. For this purpose, an advanced review of pertinent research published from 2012 to 2017 was performed. After applying our screening method, 208 papers were selected for the exhaustive analysis. This analysis was divided into four aspects: context (educational environments, educational level), number of items, DM methods, and DM applications. The results indicated that 54% of studies were conducted in traditional environments, while only 3% of studies were performed in an m‐learning environment. In addition, 25 and 72% of the research was conducted in either a primary or secondary level, or in tertiary or adult level, respectively. Likewise, 76% of studies contained datasets of less than 1,000 items. The most utilized EDM methods were: factor analysis, regression, text mining, correlation mining, and causal DM. In addition, the studies analyzed showed that DM is mainly employed to predict the performance of students, to check learners' motivation, and to provide feedback for instructors. These results seem to indicate that although DM has much to offer the increasing number of language students, it is not being used to its full potential.This article is categorized under:
Application Areas > Education and Learning
Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Data Concepts
Effects of genotype and environment on seed quality traits variability in interspecific cross-derived Brassica lines
Authors: Niemann Janetta , Bocianowski Jan , Wojciechowski Andrzej 
Published: October 2018

AbstractGenotype (G), environment [i.e. year (Y) and location (L)] and their interaction (GYL) play an important role in the final expression of quality attributes. A multi-environment trial in selected interspecific cross-derivedBrassicalines was conducted to evaluate the magnitude of G, Y, L and GYL effects on seed quality traits ofBrassicagenotypes under three locations in Poland, during the 2011–2013 cropping season. The oil, protein, fiber (Acid Detergent Fiber and Neutral Detergent Fiber) as well as glucosinolate contents was determined by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) and significant differences were observed between testedBrassicagenotypes and across harvesting years and growing locations. Generally, all tested hybrid lines displayed wider genetic variability for studied quality traits than control genotypes. Analysis of variance indicated that the main effects of genotypes, years and locations as well as all interactions were significant for all traits of study (except year × location interaction for glucosinolates). However, location had the most significant effect on oil, protein and fiber content while genotype had significant impact on glucosinolates content inBrassicaseeds. Moreover, the individual lines having combination of desirable traits were also identified from F5to F7generations of tested hybrids.
Examining Patterns of Food Bank Use Over Twenty-Five Years in Vancouver, Canada
Authors: Black Jennifer L. , Seto Darlene 
Published: October 2018

AbstractFood banks have grown substantially in Canada since the 1980s but little is known about patterns or predictors of engagement including frequency or duration of service use. This study examined food bank program data from a large food bank organization in Vancouver, Canada, finding that between January 1992 and June 2017, at least 116,963 individuals made over 2 million food bank visits. The majority of members were engaged for a short time and came for relatively few visits, but 9% of members engaged in longer-term episodic or ongoing usage over several years, accounting for 65% of all visits. Results from cluster and regression analyses found that documented health and mobility challenges, larger household size, primary income source, and older age were predictors of higher frequency and duration of service usage. Findings add to growing critical examinations of the “emergency food system” highlighting the need for better understanding of the broader social policies influencing food bank use.
Promises and Pitfalls of Using Digital Traces for Demographic Research
Authors: Cesare Nina , Lee Hedwig , McCormick Tyler , Spiro Emma , Zagheni Emilio 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe digital traces that we leave online are increasingly fruitful sources of data for social scientists, including those interested in demographic research. The collection and use of digital data also presents numerous statistical, computational, and ethical challenges, motivating the development of new research approaches to address these burgeoning issues. In this article, we argue that researchers with formal training in demography—those who have a history of developing innovative approaches to using challenging data—are well positioned to contribute to this area of work. We discuss the benefits and challenges of using digital trace data for social and demographic research, and we review examples of current demographic literature that creatively use digital trace data to study processes related to fertility, mortality, and migration. Focusing on Facebook data for advertisers—a novel “digital census” that has largely been untapped by demographers—we provide illustrative and empirical examples of how demographic researchers can manage issues such as bias and representation when using digital trace data. We conclude by offering our perspective on the road ahead regarding demography and its role in the data revolution.