bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Local Mapping Profile of Mitochondrial DNA (MtDNA)-Loop in Forensic Identification
Authors: Yudianto Ahmad , Margaret Nola 
Published: October 2018

To prove that mitochondrial DNA damage is not total or partial, as has been found in the preliminary study, studies need to be done to determine the opportunity of successful use of the mitochondrial DNA mini-primer set in an amplicon product below 250 bp. This is important because it can overcome quality problems in degraded DNA, which will complicate the process of DNA forensic identification. This was an observational analytic study with cross sectional design. The study material was DNA from blood and sweat stains taken from abandoned bodies. Samples consisted of 24 pieces of blood and sweat spots. The measurements of mean DNA levels and sample purity used UV-Visible Spectrophotometer, revealing mean DNA in blood samples of 152.89 ± 85.71 µg/ml and sweat samples of 89.19 ± 5.58 µg/ml, and sample purity of DNA and sweat were 1.89 ± 0.71 and 1.69 ± 0.76. Whereas, the result of D-Loop mtDNA: D-Loop I 143bp nt: 16268 -16410 and D-Loop HVS II 126bp nt: 34 -159, indicating blood spots were detected positively >95% and sweat was detected positively in 5%-20%. Results of DNA sequencing from mtDNA of blood spots and sweat spots in 126 bp and 143 bp amplicon revealed nucleotide damage marked with the letter 'N'. In conclusion, mini-primers of mitochondrial DNA in the amplification product mtDNA D-Loop HVS II 126 bp (nt 59-134) and D-Loop HVS I 143 bp (nt 16268-16410) were effectively used as support for DNA profiling in forensic medicine.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN BERMAIN BOLA BASKET MELALUI METODE LATIHAN VARIASI PADA PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN JASMANI SISWA SMA NEGERI 10 PEKANBARU
Authors: Daharis Daharis , Rahmadani Ahmad 
Published: October 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan keterampilan bermain bola basket melalui metode variasi pada pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani siswa SMAN 10 Kota Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini melibatkan 41 orang siswa laik-laki sebagai sampel. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah tes keterampilan bermain bola basket tingkat SMA yang meliputi: tes memantulkan bola ke dinding, tes menggiring bola, dan tes menembak selama 1 menit. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen. Teknik analisa data dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan uji t untuk sampel sejenis berdasarkan nilai pre test dan post test. Dari hasil analisa data nilai thitung yang diperoleh adalah 7.99. Kemudian hasil perhitungan tersebut dikonsultasikan pada t tabel dengan derajat bebas 39, maka didapat ttabel 1.8. Berarti thitung lebih besar dari ttabel, dengan demikian terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil pre test dan post test. Analisa data juga memberikan kesimpulan bahwa terjadi peningkatan 11% dari perbandingan hasil pre test dan post test. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode variasi dapat meningkatkan keterampilan dasar bermain bola basket pada pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani siswa SMAN 10 Kota Pekanbaru.
PENGEMBANGAN PEMBELAJARAN RENANG GAYA BEBAS BERBASIS MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF
Authors: Mashud Mashud , Widiastuti Widiastuti 
Published: October 2018

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengembangkan pembelajaran renang gaya bebas berbasis multimedia interaktif untuk mahasiswa program studi pendidikan jasmani dan memperoleh data empiris tentang efektifitas produk hasil pengembangan terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar kemampuan renang gaya bebas mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode research and development (R&D) dari Borg and Gall yang terdiri dari 10 langkah. Subyek ujicoba dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa PJKR. Subyek ujicoba kelompok kecil mahasiswa PJKR FKIP ULM berjumlah 15 orang, subyek ujicoba kelompok besar 120 mahasiswa. Sedangkan sampel peneltian untuk uji efektifitas produk berjumlah 90 orang mahasiswa Hasil penelitian pengembangan ini berupa buku teks dan aplikasi multimedia interaktif pembelajaran renang gaya bebas berbasis android. Untuk mengetahui efektifitas produk, peneliti mengujikan menggunakan desain penelitian eksperimen kepada 45 orang mahasiswa selama 4 bulan/ 16 kali pertemuan dengan design eksperimen the one group control pretest-posttest design, menghasilkan bahwa nilai dari Ztabel > Z hitung (89 > -5,7622), maka terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara sebelum mendapat perlakuan dan sesudah perlakuan. Jadi bisa dikatakan bahwa produk pengembangan efektif meningkatkan hasil belajar kemampuan renang gaya bebas mahasiswa.
Karakter Biometrik dan Variasi Fenotip Abalon (Haliotis asinina) di Perairan Wilayah Barat dan Timur Indonesia
Authors: Daniarsih Ajeng , Solihin Dedy Duryadi , Gustiano Rudhy 
Published: October 2018

Haliotis asinina merupakan spesies abalon famili Haliotidae yang secara morfologis mirip dengan spesies H. squamata. Metode konvensional untuk kunci identifikasi spesies abalon masih berdasarkan pada karakter deskriptif dan sering kali ditemukan bias karena pengaruh faktor lingkungan. Belum ada penelitian yang mencatat perbedaan karakter morfologi cangkang antara H. asinina dan H. squamata secara biometrik serta variasi fenotip intraspesies H. asinina di perairan Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan karakter biometrik spesifik antara H. asinina dengan H. squamata serta keragaman fenotip H. asinina pada empat lokasi berbeda di perairan Indonesia (Pulau Seribu, Pulau Raas Madura, Pulau Lombok dan Pulau Raja Ampat). Metode morfometrik menggunakan pengukuran truss system sebanyak 12 karakter dan analisis data mengunakan komponen utama dan diskriminan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakter biometrik spesifik pembeda antara H. asinina dan H. squamata ditemukan pada lebar cangkang 54.12 Â± 3.51% dan tinggi cangkang 19.12 Â± 2.16% dari panjang standar serta jumlah lubang terbuka. Analisis diskriminan intraspesies H. asinina menunjukaan adanya variasi fenotip cangkang pada keempat lokasi. Perbedaan karakter biometrik dipengaruhi oleh spesies sedangkan variasi fenotip intraspesies dipengaruhi oleh perbedaan lokasi.
Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan Dan Cadangan Karbon Taman Wisata Alam Bipolo, Kabupaten Kupang
Authors: Usmadi Didi , Magandhi Mahat , Rivai Reza Ramdan 
Published: October 2018

Taman Wisata Alam Bipolo merupakan salah satu tipe hutan kering luruh daun di Pulau Timor yang masih tersisa. Pengelolaan kawasan diperlukan informasi dan data tentang keanekaragaman tumbuhan serta potensi cadangan karbon di kawasan hutan tersebut. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman tumbuhan dan cadangan karbon di Taman Wisata Alam Bipolo, Kabupaten Kupang. Pengambilan data menggunakan metode transek dengan subplot contoh berukuran 2 x 2 meter (semai), 5 x 5 meter (pancang), 10 x 10 meter (tiang), dan 20 x 20 meter (pohon). Analisis peran penting jenis menggunakan Indeks Nilai Penting, keanekaragaman jenis menggunakan Indeks Keanekaragaman Jenis (Shannon-Wiener Indeks) dan Indeks Kemerataan Jenis. Biomassa pancang, tiang dan pohon dihitung dengan menggunakan persamaan allometrik dan nilai cadangan karbon setengah dari nilai biomassa. Jenis yang mempunyai peran penting tertinggi di Taman Wisata Alam Bipolo berupa Mallotus sp. (semai), Chisocheton lasiocarpus (Miq.) Valeton (pancang dan tiang), dan Syzygium littorale (Blume) Amshoff (pohon). Keanekaragaman tumbuhan pada tingkat semai, pancang, tiang dan pohon di Taman Wisata Alam Bipolo termasuk kategori sedang dan tingkat kemerataan jenis yang tinggi. Biomassa rata-rata sebesar 228,93 ton/ha dan cadangan karbon sebesar 114,46 ton/ha.
Correlation-Based Adaptive Localization for Ensemble-Based History Matching: Applied To the Norne Field Case Study
Authors: Luo Xiaodong , Lorentzen Rolf J. , Valestrand Randi , Evensen Geir 
Published: October 2018

Summary
Ensemble-based methods are among the state-of-the-art history-matching algorithms. However, in practice, they often suffer from ensemble collapse, a phenomenon that deteriorates history-matching performance. It is customary to equip an ensemble history-matching algorithm with a localization scheme to prevent ensemble collapse. Conventional localization methods use distances between the physical locations of model variables and observations to modify the degree of the observations’ influence on model updates. Distance-based localization methods work well in many problems, but they also suffer from dependence on the physical locations of both model variables and observations, the challenges in dealing with nonlocal and time-lapse measurements, and the nonadaptivity to handling different types of model variables.
To enhance the applicability of localization to various history-matching problems, we adopt an adaptive localization scheme that exploits the correlations between model variables and simulated observations. We elaborate how correlation-based adaptive localization can overcome or mitigate issues arising in conventional distance-based localization.
To demonstrate the efficacy of correlation-based adaptive localization, we adopt an iterative ensemble smoother (iES) with the proposed localization scheme to history match the real production data of the Norne Field model, and we compare the history-matching results with those obtained by using the iES with distance-based localization. Our study indicates that when compared with distance-based localization, correlation-based localization not only achieves close or better performance in terms of data mismatch, but also is more convenient to use in practical history-matching problems. As a result, the proposed correlation-based localization scheme might serve as a viable alternative to conventional distance-based localization.
Conformance Improvement in Oil Reservoirs by Use of Microemulsions
Authors: Torrealba V. A. , Hoteit H.. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThe performance of many improved and enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) techniques in conventional reservoirs is frequently degraded by conformance problems. The presence of high-permeability streaks or thief layers between injection and production wells typically results in premature water breakthrough, high water cut, and deficient volumetric sweep. As a result, significant oil volumes in the reservoir might not be contacted by the injection fluid.Several conformance-improvement techniques (e.g., foams, gels, resins) have been developed and practiced in improved-oil-recovery operations. Each technique has its own advantages and limitations related to deployment practicality, effectiveness, and durability. In this paper, we introduce a novel conformance-improvement method (CIM) that we consider practical, effective, and durable. The CIM process consists of cyclical injections of pulse slugs of surfactant alternating with brine. The slug compositions are selected on the basis of the rheological behavior of the microemulsion phase. The chemical slugs are configured such that the viscosity of the injected fluids is kept low to preserve injectivity and to ensure the invasion of the conformance agent toward the thief zones. The trailing brine slugs are designed to produce a high-viscosity microemulsion as they mix with the leading surfactant slugs in the reservoir. The proposed process leads to a reduction in the effective mobility of the fluids in the thief layers. As a result, the chase waterflood (WF) would divert into previously uncontacted layers to improve the sweep efficiency.The potential of the proposed CIM in improving oil recovery is demonstrated by various simulations of reservoir cases under waterflooding. We performed various sensitivities to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed process that include well spacing, permeability contrast, size of the thief layers, heterogeneity, and the size of the chemical pulse slugs. Simulations showed that this process is effective in addressing reservoir-conformance issues, and therefore it has the potential to improve the sweep efficiency and the recovery factor (RF) in reservoirs with distinct thief layers. The treatment surfactant volumes are relatively small, which enables this process to be cost-effective.
Light intensity affects the mixotrophic carbon exploitation in Chlorella protothecoides: consequences on microalgae-bacteria based wastewater treatment
Authors: Pastore Martina , Santaeufemia Sergio , Bertucco Alberto , Sforza Eleonora 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Microalgal-bacteria consortia application on wastewater treatment has been widely studied, but a deeper comprehension of consortium interactions is still lacking. In particular, mixotrophic exploitation of organic compounds by microalgae affects gas (CO2 and O2) exchange between microalgae and bacteria, but it is not clear how environmental conditions may regulate algal metabolism. Using a respirometric-based protocol, we evaluated the combined effect of organic carbon and light intensity on oxygen production and consumption by C. protothecoides, and found that the chemical oxygen demand (COD) was not consumed when incident light increased. Batch experiments under different incident lights, with C. protothecoides alone and in consortium with activated sludge bacteria, confirmed the results obtained by respirometry. Continuous system experiments testing the combined effects of light intensity and residence time confirmed that, under limiting light, mixotrophy is preferred by C. protothecoides, and the nutrient (COD, N, P) removal capability of the consortium is enhanced.
Aplicação da escala reduzida de autoeficácia em amamentação no contexto da Estratégia Saúde da Família
Authors: Soares Lorena Sousa , Freitas da Silva Grazielle Roberta , Gouveia Márcia Teles de Oliveira , Brandão Erlayne Camapum , Batista Oriá Mônica Oliveira 
Published: October 2018

Resumo: O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a auto-eficácia em amamentação por meio da aplicação da Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale – Short Form, junto a 39 mães, na cidade de Teresina (PI). Resultados mostraram eficácia alta e média, não existindo assim, eficácia baixa neste estudo. Na análise separada dos itens, os menores índices foram nos itens: 6 e 13, quanto à categoria técnica. No domínio intrapessoal, os menores índices foram nos itens: 2, 8 e 10. Identificando as mães que tem menor auto-eficácia e maior risco para o desmame precoce, o profissional pode avaliar e programar a sua promoção ao aleitamento materno.Descritores: Aleitamento Materno, Validade dos Testes, Enfermagem em Saúde Comunitária.Reduced scale application of self-efficacy in breast feeding in the context of family health strategyAbstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate self-efficacy in breastfeeding through the application of Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale - Short Form, along with 39 mothers, in the city of Teresina (PI). Results showed average and high efficiency, so there is, low efficiency in this study. In separate analysis of scale items, the lowest levels were the following items: 6 and 13 about the technical category. In the intrapersonal domain, the lowest rates were in the items: 2, 8 and 10. Identifying mothers who have lower self-efficacy and higher risk for early weaning, the practitioner can assess and plan its promotion of breastfeeding.Descriptors: Breast Feeding, Validity of Tests, Community Health Nursing.Reuccion de aplicación a gran escala de autoeficacia en la lactaricia materna en el contexto de la estrategia de salud de la família.Resumen: El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar la autoeficacia en la lactancia materna a través de la aplicación de Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale - Short Form, entre 39 madres de la ciudad de Teresina (PI). Los resultados mostraron una alta eficacia y la media, por lo que es, una baja eficacia en este estudio. En un análisis separado de los elementos, el más bajo en los artículos fueron: 6 y 13, como la categoría de técnico. En el dominio intrapersonal, las tasas más bajas en los artículos: 2, 8 y 10. La identificación de madres que tienen menor riesgo de auto-eficacia y el aumento de destete precoz, el médico puede evaluar y planificar la promoción de la lactancia.Descriptores: Lactancia materna, Validez de las pruebas, Enfermería en Salud Comunitaria.
Recent Advances in Machine Learning Methods for Predicting Heat Shock Proteins
Authors: Chen Wei , Feng Pengmian , Liu Tao , Jin Dianchuan 
Published: October 2018

Background:As molecular chaperones, Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) not only play key roles in protein folding and maintaining protein stabilities, but are also linked with multiple kinds of diseases. Therefore, HSPs have been regarded as the focus of drug design. Since HSPs from different families play distinct functions, accurately classifying the families of HSPs is the key step to clearly understand their biological functions. In contrast to laborintensive and cost-ineffective experimental methods, computational classification of HSP families has emerged to be an alternative approach.Methods:We reviewed the paper that described the existing datasets of HSPs and the representative computational approaches developed for the identification and classification of HSPs.Results:The two benchmark datasets of HSPs, namely HSPIR and sHSPdb were introduced, which provided invaluable resources for computationally identifying HSPs. The gold standard dataset and sequence encoding schemes for building computational methods of classifying HSPs were also introduced. The three representative web-servers for identifying HSPs and their families were described.Conclusion:The existing machine learning methods for identifying the different families of HSPs indeed yielded quite encouraging results and did play a role in promoting the research on HSPs. However, the number of HSPs with known structures is very limited. Therefore, determining the structure of the HSPs is also urgent, which will be helpful in revealing their functions.
Metabolic Pathway of Cyclosporine A and Its Correlation with Nephrotoxicity
Authors: Wu Qinghua , Kuca Kamil 
Published: October 2018

Background:Cyclosporine A (CsA) is widely used for organ transplantation and autoimmune disorders. However, CsA nephrotoxicity is a serious side effect that limits the clinical use of CsA. The metabolism of CsA has a close relationship with this disease in renal-transplant patients. However, the metabolic pathways of CsA and its metabolizing enzymes have rarely been comprehensively reviewed. In this review, we have summarized the specific metabolic profiles of CsA in humans, especially renal-transplant patients. Moreover, the specific metabolizing enzymes and the potential roles that CsA metabolism plays in CsA nephrotoxicity were summarized and discussed.Methods:Electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scifinder were searched with the keywords "Cyclosporine A and metabolism", and "Cyclosporine A and nephrotoxicity", "Cyclosporine A metabolism and nephrotoxicity". All these studies published until 2018 were included in this review.Results:The major metabolic pathways of CsA in humans are hydroxylation and N-demethylation. Normally, these metabolites are relatively less toxic than CsA. However, the metabolism of CsA in the kidneys is much weaker than that in the liver, which explains why CsA is so toxic to the kidneys. CYP3A families, especially CYP3A4 and CYP3A5, play an important role in the biotransformation of CsA. Moreover, increased lines of evidence show that some metabolites (including AM19) associate directly with nephrotoxicity in CsA-treated organ-transplant patients.Conclusion:The findings of this review help to further understand the metabolic activities of CsA in renal-transplant patients and cast some light on the mechanisms of CsA nephrotoxicity.
Elucidating Protein-protein Interactions Through Computational Approaches and Designing Small Molecule Inhibitors Against them for Various Diseases
Authors: Sarkar Sharanya , Gulati Khushboo , Kairamkonda Manikyaprabhu , Mishra Amit , Poluri Krishna Mohan 
Published: October 2018

Background:
To carry out wide range of cellular functionalities, proteins often associate with
one or more proteins in a phenomenon known as Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI). Experimental and
computational approaches were applied on PPIs in order to determine the interacting partners, and also
to understand how an abnormality in such interactions can become the principle cause of a disease.

Objective:
This review aims to elucidate the case studies where PPIs involved in various human diseases
have been proven or validated with computational techniques, and also to elucidate how small molecule
inhibitors of PPIs have been designed computationally to act as effective therapeutic measures against
certain diseases.

Results:
Computational techniques to predict PPIs are emerging rapidly in the modern day. They not
only help in predicting new PPIs, but also generate outputs that substantiate the experimentally determined
results. Moreover, computation has aided in the designing of novel inhibitor molecules disrupting
the PPIs. Some of them are already being tested in the clinical trials.

Conclusion:
This review delineated the classification of computational tools that are essential to investigate
PPIs. Furthermore, the review shed light on how indispensable computational tools have become
in the field of medicine to analyze the interaction networks and to design novel inhibitors efficiently
against dreadful diseases in a shorter time span.
Recent Advances in Three-Component Cyclocondensation of Dimedone with Aldehydes and Malononitrile for Construction of Tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans Using Organocatalysts
Authors: Kiyani Hamzeh 
Published: October 2018

Background:
The majority of naturally occurring compounds, pharmaceuticals, and drug-candidate
molecules possess heterocyclic scaffolds. In this context, tetrahydobenzo[b]pyrans are of considerable importance.
In the line with the synthesis of these valuable heterocyclic compounds, the researchers tried to synthesize
these molecules using different organocatalysts. The development of new strategies for three-component
condensation of dimedone, various aldehydes and malononitrile for construction of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans
is of particular interest to organic chemists and pharmacologists.

Objective:
In this review, three-component catalyzed synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran compounds is
introduced, focusing on the developments in the use of organocatalysts. Organocatalytic approaches were
investigated for the synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans. This contribution covers the literature concerning
the synthesis of heterocycles referred to, in recent times.

Conclusion:
This review article is associated with the study of the three-component synthesis of
tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans using organocatalysts. This review also provides an insight into the importance of
these heterocycles. In the vast majority of these reactions, water and water-ethanol system have been used as
green solvent media for implementation of them. The use of green solvents, the development of less toxic and
promising reagents/catalysts as well as the design of inexpensive and reliable approaches are some of the principles
of green chemistry, and most of the methods are benefited from them. Tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans and
organocatalysts open avenue ofnew horizons. The recyclability of the many of these organocatalysts offers an
additional merit for the use of these catalysts in 3-CR of aldehydes, dimedone, and malononitrile reactions.