bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ECMM CandiReg—A ready to use platform for outbreaks and epidemiological studies
Authors: Koehler Philipp , Arendrup Maiken Cavling , Arikan‐Akdagli Sevtap , Bassetti Matteo , Bretagne Stéphane , Klingspor Lena , Lagrou Katrien , Meis Jacques F. , Rautemaa‐Richardson Riina , Schelenz Silke , Hamprecht Axel , Koehler Felix C. , Kurzai Oliver , Salmanton‐García Jon , Vehreschild Jörg‐Janne , Alanio Alexandre , Alastruey‐Izquierdo Ana , Arsic Arsenijevic Valentina , Gangneux Jean‐Pierre , Gow Neil A. R. , Hadina Suzana , Hamal Petr , Johnson Elizabeth , Klimko Nikolay , Lass‐Flörl Cornelia , Mares Mihai , Özenci Volkan , Papp Tamas , Roilides Emmanuel , Sabino Raquel , Segal Esther , Talento Alida Fe , Tortorano Anna Maria , Verweij Paul E. , Hoenigl Martin , Cornely Oliver A. ,   on behalf of the European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM)
Published: July 2019

SummaryBackgroundRecent outbreaks of Candida auris further exemplify that invasive Candida infections are a substantial threat to patients and healthcare systems. Even short treatment delays are associated with higher mortality rates. Epidemiological shifts towards more resistant Candida spp. require careful surveillance.ObjectivesTriggered by the emergence of C auris and by increasing antifungal resistance rates the European Confederation of Medical Mycology developed an international Candida Registry (FungiScope™ CandiReg) to allow contemporary multinational surveillance.MethodsCandiReg serves as platform for international cooperation to enhance research regarding invasive Candida infections. CandiReg uses the General Data Protection Regulation compliant data platform ClinicalSurveys.net that holds the electronic case report forms (eCRF). Data entry is supported via an interactive macro created by the software that can be accessed via any Internet browser.ResultsCandiReg provides an eCRF for invasive Candida infections that can be used for a variety of studies from cohort studies on attributable mortality to evaluations of guideline adherence, offering to the investigators of the 28 ECMM member countries the opportunity to document their cases of invasive Candida infection. CandiReg allows the monitoring of epidemiology of invasive Candida infections, including monitoring of multinational outbreaks. Here, we describe the structure and management of the CandiReg platform.ConclusionCandiReg supports the collection of clinical information and isolates to improve the knowledge on epidemiology and eventually to improve management of invasive Candida infections. CandiReg promotes international collaboration, improving the availability and quality of evidence on invasive Candida infection and contributes to improved patient management.
Paternal age contribution to brain white matter aberrations in autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Yassin Walid , Kojima Masaki , Owada Keiho , Kuwabara Hitoshi , Gonoi Wataru , Aoki Yuta , Takao Hidemasa , Natsubori Tatsunobu , Iwashiro Norichika , Kasai Kiyoto , Kano Yukiko , Abe Osamu , Yamasue Hidenori 
Published: July 2019

AimAlthough advanced parental age holds an increased risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), its role as a potential risk factor for an atypical white matter development underlying the pathophysiology of ASD has not yet been investigated. The current study was aimed to detect white matter disparities in ASD, and further investigate the relationship of paternal and maternal age at birth with such disparities.MethodsThirty‐nine adult males with high‐functioning ASD and 37 typically developing (TD) males were analyzed in the study. The FMRIB Software Library and tract‐based spatial statistics were utilized to process and analyze the diffusion tensor imaging data.ResultsSubjects with ASD exhibited significantly higher mean diffusivity (MD) and radial diffusivity (RD) in white matter fibers, including the association (inferior fronto‐occipital fasciculus, right inferior longitudinal fasciculus, superior longitudinal fasciculi, uncinate fasciculus, and cingulum), commissural (forceps minor), and projection tracts (anterior thalamic radiation and right corticospinal tract) compared to TD subjects (Padjusted < 0.05). No differences were seen in either fractional anisotropy or axial diffusivity. Linear regression analyses assessing the relationship between parental ages and the white matter aberrations revealed a positive correlation between paternal age (PA), but not maternal age, and both MD and RD in the affected fibers (Padjusted < 0.05). Multiple regression showed that only PA was a predictor of both MD and RD.ConclusionOur findings suggest that PA contributes to the white matter disparities seen in individuals with ASD compared to TD subjects.
Breeding systems in Cyrtanthus (Amaryllidaceae): variation in self‐sterility and potential for ovule discounting
Authors: Johnson S. D. , Butler H. C. , Robertson A. W. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Breeding systems of plants determine their reliance on pollinators and ability to produce seeds following self‐pollination. Self‐sterility, where ovules that are penetrated by self‐pollen tubes that do not develop into seeds, is usually considered to represent either a system of late‐acting self‐incompatibility or strong early inbreeding depression. Importantly, it can lead to impaired female function through ovule or seed discounting when stigmas receive mixtures of self and cross pollen, unless cross pollen is able to reach the ovary ahead of self pollen (‘prepotency’). Self‐sterility associated with ovule penetration by self‐pollen tubes appears to be widespread among the Amaryllidaceae.

We tested for self‐sterility in three Cyrtanthus species – C. contractus, C. ventricosus and C. mackenii – by means of controlled hand‐pollination experiments. To determine the growth rates and frequency of ovule penetration by self‐ versus cross‐pollen tubes, we used fluorescence microscopy to examine flowers of C. contractus harvested 24, 48 and 72 h after pollination, in conjunction with a novel method of processing these images digitally. To test the potential for ovule discounting (loss of cross‐fertilisation opportunities when ovules are disabled by self‐pollination), we pollinated flowers of C. contractus and C. mackenii with mixtures of self‐ and cross pollen.

We recorded full self‐sterility for C. contractus and C. ventricosus, and partial self‐sterility for C. mackenii. In C. contractus, we found no differences in the growth rates of self‐ and cross‐pollen tubes, nor in the proportions of ovules penetrated by self‐ and cross‐pollen tubes. In this species, seed set was depressed (relative to cross‐pollinated controls) when flowers received a mixture of self and cross pollen, but this was not the case for C. mackenii.

These results reveal variation in breeding systems among Cyrtanthus species and highlight the potential for gender conflict in self‐sterile species in which ovules are penetrated and disabled by pollen tubes from self pollen.
Oral health assessment in domiciliary care service planning of older people
Authors: Salmi, Riikka , Lahti, Satu , Tolvanen, Mimmi , Suhonen, Riitta , Närhi, Timo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe aim was to examine importance and consideration of oral health‐related issues (OHRIs) during service planning by the case managers (CMs).Methods and resultsThe study was conducted in a major Finnish city. All 25 CMs, supervising over 450 domiciliary care employees who are caring for 4600 domiciliary care clients, received a multiple‐choice questionnaire with additional open‐ended questions. CMs were dichotomized by age and educational background. Differences were compared with the chi‐square test and Fisher´s exact test. Response rate was 88%. All CMs considered OHRIs important. However, OHRIs were not routinely considered during service planning, especially by the CMs with a social service than health background (0% vs 30%, P < 0, 0.056). OHRIs were considered never or seldom by 73% of the CMs. OHRIs were mostly considered after evaluating the overall need for domiciliary care. A lack of guidelines was reported by 45% of the CMs. Of the CMs, 41% could use their knowledge for paying attention to OHRIs. All CMs wished for better routines for paying attention to OHRIs.ConclusionOHRIs are not routinely considered in service planning. This study indicated a need for structured guidelines and further education for assess the need for oral home care assistance.
Using wearable monitors to assess daily walking limitations induced by ischemic pain in peripheral artery disease
Authors: Chaudru Ségolène , Jehannin Pierre , de Müllenheim Pierre‐Yves , Klein Hélène , Jaquinandi Vincent , Mahé Guillaume , Le Faucheur Alexis 
Published: July 2019

PurposeTo develop, assess the feasibility of, and determine the clinical validity of an event‐based analysis method using wearable monitors to quantify walking pain manifestations (WPMs) and stops induced by walking pain (SIWPs) during daily life walking in people with peripheral artery disease (PAD).MethodsThe following two conditions were studied: a standardized outdoor walking session (OWS) and a seven‐day free‐living measurement (FLM) period. The PAD participants (n = 23) wore an accelerometer and a watch. They were asked to press the event marker button on the watch to indicate events related to WPMs and SIWPs. To assess the clinical validity of the method, the computed pain‐free walking time (PFWT) and maximal walking time (MWT) were compared with the PFWT and MWT assessed using standard treadmill walking protocols, respectively.ResultsFollowing OWSs, the PFWT[OWS] and MWT[OWS] were significantly correlated with the PFWT[Strandness] (r = .955, P < .001) and MWT[Strandness] (r = .821, P < .001), respectively. During the FLM, PAD participants experienced only 2 WPMs/day and 1 SIWP/day, although severely limited on the treadmill and during the OWS. The average WPMs/day were moderately correlated with the PFWT[Strandness] (r = −.54, P = .016). The PFWT[FLM] was on average 12 times longer than the PFWT[Strandness]. Interestingly, the intensity of the walking bouts as assessed by the accelerometer counts during the FLM was significantly lower than that during the OWS (45 ± 15 vs 66 ± 20 counts/s, P < .001).ConclusionThis new method offers opportunities for studies investigating the experience of living with PAD and the assessment of daily life walking capacity for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
Toxoplasma infection in kidney donors and transplant recipients from Western Mexico: A one‐year follow‐up
Authors: Galván‐Ramírez María Luz , Sánchez‐Orozco Laura V. , Andrade‐Sierra Jorge , Mendoza‐Cabrera Salvador , Evangelista‐Carrillo Luis Alberto , Rodríguez Pérez Laura R. , Chiquete Erwin , Armendáriz‐Borunda Juan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPurposeSolid organ transplant recipients are highly susceptible to Toxoplasma gondii infection. We aimed to describe the 12‐month follow‐up risk of seroconversion in renal transplant recipients.MethodologyAnti‐T gondii antibodies were investigated in donors and recipients of renal transplants. In donors, anti‐T gondii were evaluated before transplantation. In recipients, anti‐T gondii were monitored over a 12‐month period to evaluate potential seroconversion or reactivation. IgG and IgM anti‐T gondii antibodies were investigated through enzyme immunoassay and Western blot. Molecular diagnosis was performed on peripheral blood leukocytes using PCR to amplify fragments corresponding to the T gondii B1 gene and the repetitive 529‐bp element.ResultsThe basal frequency of seropositive IgG anti‐T gondii antibodies was higher in donors than in recipients (38.4% vs 25.2%; P = .03). During the 12‐month follow‐up, the accumulated seroconversion to IgG and IgM antibodies was 3/99 (3.0%), and the accumulated reactivation was 11/99 (11.0%). None of the samples exhibited positivity to T gondii DNA.ConclusionsThis study showed that there is an increased risk of seroconversion or reactivation in renal transplant recipients over a 12‐month follow‐up. Our data suggest that prophylaxis with trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole effectively prevented toxoplasmosis, since neither T gondii DNA nor clinical toxoplasmosis was detected.
Hepatitis C virus prevalence and incidence estimates among Chinese blood donors
Authors: Fu Ping , Lv Yunlai , Zhang Hongbin , Liu Cunxv , Wen Xiuqiong , Ma Hongli , He Tao , Ke Ling , Wu Bingting , Liu Jing , He Miao , Liao Dan , Wang Jingxing , Ness Paul , Liu Yu , Shan Hua ,   for the International Component of the NHLBI Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study‐III (REDS‐III)
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUNDHepatitis C virus (HCV) is an important transfusion‐transmitted virus with global significance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the HCV prevalence and incidence among Chinese blood donors from 2013 to 2016.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSWhole blood and apheresis platelet donations collected from five Chinese blood centers from June 1, 2013, to December 31, 2016, were screened in parallel by two different enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays for anti‐HIV 1/2, hepatitis B surface antigen, anti‐HCV, and syphilis. Screening‐reactive samples were further confirmed by western blot. Confirmatory positive rates among first‐time and repeat donors were used to estimate the prevalence and incidence rates. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to examine factors associated with HCV infection.RESULTSA total of 1,276,544 donations were collected from five Chinese blood centers, of which an estimated 1203 were confirmed HCV positive. The overall HCV prevalence among first‐time donors was 166.56 per 100,000 donors (95% confidence interval, 156.04‐177.08). The HCV incidence rate was estimated to be 15.21 (95% confidence interval, 11.83‐19.56) per 100,000 person‐years among repeat donors. Multivariable logistic regression results showed that increased age, lower educational levels, ethnicity, and occupation were all important factors associated with HCV confirmatory status among first‐time donors (p < 0.01).CONCLUSIONSHCV infection is still an important concern for transfusion safety in China. Our findings indicate that continued strong efforts are needed to monitor and control the risk of transfusion‐transmitted HCV infection in China. Moreover, to reduce unnecessary donor loss, HCV donor screening procedures should be improved by incorporating confirmatory testing into routine blood center operations.
Severe CD4+ T‐cell lymphopenia is not observed in frequent plateletpheresis donors collected on the Fenwal Amicus
Authors: Gansner John M. , Papari Mona , Goldstein Jake , Gaufberg Rachel A. , Neuberg Donna , Makar Robert S. , Kaufman Richard M. 
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUNDIn a recent study, we determined that 30% of frequent plateletpheresis donors collected using the Trima Accel Automated Blood Collection System (Terumo BCT) had a CD4+ T‐cell count below 200 cells/μL. Whether CD4+ T‐cell lymphopenia is associated with donation using other plateletpheresis instruments is unknown.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSWe obtained blood samples from 30 current frequent Fenwal Amicus plateletpheresis donors. All participants had made 20 to 24 plateletpheresis donations in the most recent 365‐day period, and all had previously donated over 50 times on the Fenwal Amicus instrument. Blood samples were analyzed to determine blood counts, including CD4+ and CD8+ counts.RESULTSOf 30 study participants, none had a CD4+ count below 200 cells/μL. There was one participant with a CD4+ count between 200 and 300 cells/μL. This individual was over the age of 55 and had a history of more than 300 lifetime plateletpheresis sessions. One participant had a CD8+ count below the lower limit of normal (125 cells/μL) and a normal CD4+ count.CONCLUSIONWe did not detect severe CD4+ lymphopenia in frequent platelet donors undergoing plateletpheresis with the Fenwal Amicus. Since the Fenwal Amicus does not incorporate a leukoreduction system chamber, this finding supports the hypothesis that such chambers—found in the Trima Accel instrument—contribute to CD4+ lymphopenia in frequent platelet donors.
Protein characterization using electrophoresis and immunofixation; a case‐based review of dogs and cats
Authors: Moore A Russell , Avery Paul R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractProtein electrophoresis and immunotyping can be a useful adjunct to the standard biochemical techniques for characterizing serum and urine proteins. This paper reviews currently available and commonly used methods for diagnostic protein electrophoresis, including both agarose gel and capillary zone electrophoretic techniques and total protein assessments. Immunofixation and immunosubtraction methods for identification of immunoglobulin location and class are also presented. Practical application of quality assurance and quality control strategies in compliance with American Society of Veterinary Clinical Pathology (ASVCP) best practices are discussed. Commonly encountered serum and urine electrophoretic diagnostic patterns, including electrophoretically normal, acute‐phase protein responses, polyclonal gammopathies, restricted polyclonal/oligoclonal gammopathies, paraproteinemias (monoclonal or biclonal gammopathies), and Bence‐Jones proteinurias are also reviewed using relevant case material. Cases in which immunofixation electrophoresis are particularly useful are highlighted, and methodologies to more accurately quantify serum monoclonal proteins (M‐proteins), monitoring tests commonly used in human medicine, are discussed.
Fundamental principles of rehabilitation and musculoskeletal tissue healing
Authors: Kirkby Shaw Kristin , Alvarez Leilani , Foster Sasha A. , Tomlinson Julia E. , Shaw Aaron J. , Pozzi Antonio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo review fundamental principles of tissue healing and physical rehabilitation as they apply to dogs recovering from cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) surgery.Study designInvited Review.Sample populationNone.MethodsA multidisciplinary group of specialists in small animal surgery, rehabilitation/sports medicine, and human physical and occupational therapy reviewed the currently available evidence for rehabilitation post‐CCL surgery. Because current evidence is limited, this group proposes guidelines for rehabilitation after CCL surgery based on the fundamental principles of tissue healing and physical therapy.ResultsThis Review proposes four fundamental principles of small animal physical rehabilitation based on the foundations of tissue healing and patient‐centric and goal‐oriented therapy. Postoperative rehabilitation programs should be designed such that patient progress is based on individual assessment according to the degree of tissue healing, strength, and achievement of functional goals. Therapists must fully understand phases of tissue healing, reassess the patient frequently, and use clinical reasoning skills to progress treatment appropriately for the individual patient.ConclusionUntil more robust evidence is available to guide treatment protocols, fundamental principles of rehabilitation should ideally be adhered to when providing rehabilitation, including after CCL surgery.Clinical significanceWhile this Review specifically addresses post‐CCL surgery rehabilitation, these fundamental principles should be applied broadly to animals enrolled in rehabilitation programs.
Outcomes of dogs treated for extrahepatic congenital portosystemic shunts with thin film banding or ameroid ring constrictor
Authors: Matiasovic Matt , Chanoit Guillaume P. A. , Meakin Lee B. , Tivers Mickey S. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the outcomes of dogs treated at a single institution for single extrahepatic congenital portosystemic shunts (CPSS) by thin film banding (TFB) or by placement of an ameroid constrictor (AC).Study designRetrospective case series.AnimalsSeventy‐six client‐owned dogs with CPSS treated with TFB (n = 53) or AC (n = 23).MethodsRecords were reviewed for signalment, preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative management and short‐term outcomes. Data on second surgeries were reviewed. Long‐term outcomes were obtained via an owner‐directed health‐related quality of life questionnaire. The rates of complications, mortality, and revision surgery were compared between the treatment groups.ResultsPostoperative complications occurred in 15 (28%) dogs with TFB (9% mortality, n = 5) and 8 (35%) dogs with an AC (4% mortality, n = 1). Long‐term follow‐up was available in 41 of 56 dogs at a median of 55 months (range, 15‐89). Revision surgery for persistent shunting was performed in 14 (29%) dogs treated initially with TFB and in no dogs treated initially with AC (P = .007). Median long‐term outcome scores were good in both groups; nine of 14 revision surgeries led to favorable outcomes.ConclusionPersistent shunting requiring revision surgery was more common when CPSS were treated with TFB than with an AC, but both treatments achieved favorable long‐term outcomes.Clinical significanceTreatment of CPPS by placement of an AC rather than TFB seems more reliable for shunt attenuation and prevention of revision surgeries.
Vascular function and stiffness: population epidemiology and concordance in Australian children aged 11–12 years and their parents
Authors: Kahn Freya K , Wake Melissa , Lycett Kate , Clifford Susan , Burgner David P , Goldsmith Greta , Grobler Anneke C , Lange Katherine , Cheung Michael 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesTo describe the epidemiology and parent–child concordance of vascular function in a population-based sample of Australian parent–child dyads at child age 11–12 years.DesignCross-sectional study (Child Health CheckPoint), nested within a prospective cohort study, the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC).SettingAssessment centres in seven major Australian cities and eight regional towns or home visits, February 2015–March 2016.ParticipantsOf all participating CheckPoint families (n=1874), 1840 children (49% girls) and 1802 parents (88% mothers) provided vascular function data. Survey weights and methods were applied to account for LSAC’s complex sample design and clustering within postcodes and strata.Outcome measuresThe SphygmoCor XCEL assessed vascular function, generating estimates of brachial and central systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, central pulse pressure, augmentation index and carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity. Pearson’s correlation coefficients and multivariable linear regression models estimated parent–child concordance.ResultsHypertension was present in 3.9% of children and 9.0% of parents. Mean child and parent values for augmentation index were 4.5% (SD 11.6) and 21.3% (SD 12.3), respectively, and those for carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity were 4.48 m/s (SD 0.59) and 6.85 m/s (SD 1.14), respectively. Parent–child correlation for brachial systolic blood pressure was 0.20 (95% CI 0.15 to 0.24), brachial diastolic blood pressure 0.21 (95% CI 0.16 to 0.26), central systolic blood pressure 0.21 (95% CI 0.16 to 0.25), central diastolic blood pressure 0.21 (95% CI0.17 to 0.26), central pulse pressure 0.19 (95% CI 0.14 to 0.24), augmentation index 0.28 (95% CI 0.23 to 0.32) and pulse wave velocity 0.22 (95% CI 0.18 to 0.27).ConclusionsWe report Australian values for traditional and more novel vascular function markers, providing a reference for future population studies. Cross-generational concordance in multiple vascular function markers is already established by age 11–12 years, with mechanisms of heritability remaining to be explored.