bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of the Cell Asymmetry Apparatus and Ribosome-Associated Chaperones in the Destabilization of aSaccharomyces cerevisiaePrion by Heat Shock
Authors: Howie Rebecca L , Jay-Garcia Lina Manuela , Kiktev Denis A , Faber Quincy L , Murphy Margaret , Rees Katherine A , Sachwani Numera , Chernoff Yury O 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSelf-perpetuating protein aggregates (prions) cause diseases in mammals. Yeast prions are heritable in cell divisions. Howie et al. demonstrate that the cellular apparatus responsible for the asymmetry of cell division controls destabilization of a yeast prion...Self-perpetuating transmissible protein aggregates, termed prions, are implicated in mammalian diseases and control phenotypically detectable traits in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast stress-inducible chaperone proteins, including Hsp104 and Hsp70-Ssa that counteract cytotoxic protein aggregation, also control prion propagation. Stress-damaged proteins that are not disaggregated by chaperones are cleared from daughter cells via mother-specific asymmetric segregation in cell divisions following heat shock. Short-term mild heat stress destabilizes [PSI+], a prion isoform of the yeast translation termination factor Sup35. This destabilization is linked to the induction of the Hsp104 chaperone. Here, we show that the region of Hsp104 known to be required for curing by artificially overproduced Hsp104 is also required for heat-shock-mediated [PSI+] destabilization. Moreover, deletion of the SIR2 gene, coding for a deacetylase crucial for asymmetric segregation of heat-damaged proteins, also counteracts heat-shock-mediated destabilization of [PSI+], and Sup35 aggregates are colocalized with aggregates of heat-damaged proteins marked by Hsp104-GFP. These results support the role of asymmetric segregation in prion destabilization. Finally, we show that depletion of the heat-shock noninducible ribosome-associated chaperone Hsp70-Ssb decreases heat-shock-mediated destabilization of [PSI+], while disruption of a cochaperone complex mediating the binding of Hsp70-Ssb to the ribosome increases prion loss. Our data indicate that Hsp70-Ssb relocates from the ribosome to the cytosol during heat stress. Cytosolic Hsp70-Ssb has been shown to antagonize the function of Hsp70-Ssa in prion propagation, which explains the Hsp70-Ssb effect on prion destabilization by heat shock. This result uncovers the stress-related role of a stress noninducible chaperone.
Role of the Srs2–Rad51 Interaction Domain in Crossover Control in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Jenkins Shirin S , Gore Steven , Guo Xiaoge , Liu Jie , Ede Christopher , Veaute Xavier , Jinks-Robertson Sue , Kowalczykowski Stephen C , Heyer Wolf-Dietrich 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Srs2, in addition to its well-documented antirecombination activity, has been proposed to play a role in promoting synthesis-dependent strand annealing (SDSA). Here we report the identification and characterization of an SRS2 mutant with a single amino acid substitution (srs2-F891A) that specifically affects the Srs2 pro-SDSA function. This residue is located within the Srs2–Rad51 interaction domain and embedded within a protein sequence resembling a BRC repeat motif. The srs2-F891A mutation leads to a complete loss of interaction with Rad51 as measured through yeast two-hybrid analysis and a partial loss of interaction as determined through protein pull-down assays with purified Srs2, Srs2-F891A, and Rad51 proteins. Even though previous work has shown that internal deletions of the Srs2–Rad51 interaction domain block Srs2 antirecombination activity in vitro, the Srs2-F891A mutant protein, despite its weakened interaction with Rad51, exhibits no measurable defect in antirecombination activity in vitro or in vivo. Surprisingly, srs2-F891A shows a robust shift from noncrossover to crossover repair products in a plasmid-based gap repair assay, but not in an ectopic physical recombination assay. Our findings suggest that the Srs2 C-terminal Rad51 interaction domain is more complex than previously thought, containing multiple interaction sites with unique effects on Srs2 activity.
The Reading House: A Children’s Book for Emergent Literacy Screening During Well-Child Visits
Authors: Hutton John S. , Justice Laura , Huang Guixia , Kerr Amy , DeWitt Thomas , Ittenbach Richard F. 
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND:
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends literacy promotion and developmental assessment during well-child visits. Emergent literacy skills are well defined, and the use of early screening has the potential to identify children at risk for reading difficulties and guide intervention before kindergarten.

METHODS:
The Reading House (TRH) is a children’s book designed to screen emergent literacy skills. These are assessed by sharing the book with the child and using a 9-item, scripted scoring form. Get Ready to Read! (GRTR) is a validated measure shown to predict reading outcomes. TRH and GRTR were administered in random order to 278 children (mean: 43.1 ± 5.6 months; 125 boys, 153 girls) during well-child visits at 7 primary care sites. Parent, child, and provider impressions of TRH were also assessed. Analyses included Rasch methods, Spearman-ρ correlations, and logistic regression, including covariates age, sex, and clinic type.

RESULTS:
Psychometric properties were strong, including item difficulty and reliability. Internal consistency was good for new measures (rCo-α = 0.68). The mean TRH score was 4.2 (±2.9; range: 0–14), and mean GRTR was 11.1 (±4.4; range: 1–25). TRH scores were positively correlated with GRTR scores (rs = 0.66; high), female sex, private practice, and child age (P &lt; .001). The relationship remained significant controlling for these covariates (P &lt; .05). The mean TRH administration time was 5:25 minutes (±0:55; range: 3:34–8:32). Parent, child, and provider impressions of TRH were favorable.

CONCLUSIONS:
TRH is a feasible, valid, and enjoyable means by which emergent literacy skills in 3- and 4-year-old children can be directly assessed during primary care.
In vitro Apatite Deposition and Biodegradation of Porous
Gelatin-Silicate Hybrids Derived from Sol-Gel Process
Authors: Ren Lei , Tsuru Kanji , Hayakawa Satoshi , Osaka Akiyoshi 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTCa (II) containing porous hybrids of gelatin and 3-(glycidoxypropyl)
trimethoxysilane (GPSM) were prepared with sol-gel processing and
freeze-drying techniques. The freezing temperature could control porosity
and pore size of the hybrids. The biodegradation rate of the hybrids in a
Tris buffer solution decreased with an increase in GPSM content. The
bone-like apatite layer could form on the Ca (II) containing porous
gelatin-silicate hybrids when they were soaked in a stimulated body fluid
(SBF), hence they were applicable to be the bioactive scaffolds for bone
tissue engineering.
Synthesis and Characterization of DAM-1 type
Materials
Authors: Balkus Kenneth J. , Coutinho Decio , Lucas Jessica , Washmon-Kriel Lisa 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTVitamin E-TPGS (α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate) was found
to be an effective template for the preparation of a novel hexagonal
mesoporous silica referred to as DAM-1 (Dallas Amorphous Material-1).
Depending upon the temperature and gel composition various morphologies can
be achieved, including spheres, gyroids, discoids, hexagonal plates and
rods. Characterization of these composites as well as a preliminary
evaluation of DAM-1 as a drug delivery system under physiological conditions
is also presented.
Surfactant Templated Mesoporous Hybrid Thin
Films
Authors: Fan Hongyou , Lu Yunfeng , Assink Roger A. , Lopez Gabriel P. , Jeffrey Brinker C. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTOrganic/inorganic hybrid mesoporous films exhibiting ordered mesophases were
prepared by a simple dip-coating procedure. Beginning with a homogeneous
solution of tetraethoxysilane, organoalkoxysilane ((R'Si(OR)3, R'
is a non-hydrolyzable functional ligand) surfactant, we relied on solvent
evaporation to induce micellization and continuous self-assembly into hybrid
silica-surfactant thin film mesophases. Surface acoustic wave (SAW)-based
nitrogen sorption measurements indicate that the films have high surface
areas and unimodal pore diameters after removal of surfactants.
Grafting of alumina by diphenylphosphinate coupling
agents
Authors: Guerrero Gilles , Chaplais Gérald , Hubert Mutin P. , Le Bideau Jean , Leclercq Dominique , Vioux André 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTAlumina particles were treated under various conditions with different
diphenylphosphinate compounds: diphenylphosphinic acid, ethyl
diphenylphosphinate, and trimethylsilyl diphenylphosphinate. The balance
between surface complexation (namely grafting) and surface phase
transformation (formation of bulk aluminum phosphinate phase) was
investigated by IR and solid-state 31P MAS NMR spectroscopy,
using the model crystalline phase
Al(O2PPh2)3 synthesized in a parallel
work as a reference. Satisfactory grafting was obtained either by using
diphenylphosphinic acid in aqueous medium at pH about 6, or by using ethyl
diphenylphosphinate in organic medium as coupling agents.
Safety of Nivolumab plus Low-Dose Ipilimumab in Previously Treated Microsatellite Instability-High/Mismatch Repair-Deficient Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Morse Michael A. , Overman Michael J. , Hartman Leighanne , Khoukaz Taline , Brutcher Edith , Lenz Heinz-Josef , Atasoy Ajlan , Shangguan Tong , Zhao Huanyu , El-Rayes Bassel 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background
Early detection and management of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors may improve outcomes. In CheckMate 142, nivolumab (3 mg/kg) plus low-dose ipilimumab (1 mg/kg) provided durable clinical benefit (objective response rate [ORR] 55%, median duration of response not reached, 12-month overall survival [OS] rate 85%) and manageable safety for previously treated microsatellite instability-high and/or mismatch repair-deficient (MSI-H/dMMR) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). In-depth safety and additional efficacy outcomes from CheckMate 142 are presented.

Materials and Methods
Safety assessments included frequency of TRAEs, select TRAEs (sTRAEs), and immune-mediated adverse event incidences; time to onset (TTO); time to resolution (TTR); immune-modulating medication (IMM) use; dose delay; and sTRAE occurrence after resuming therapy. Efficacy assessments included ORR and survival analyses in patients with sTRAEs with or without concomitant IMM treatment and patients without sTRAEs.

Results
Among 119 patients, 25%, 23%, 19%, 5%, 5%, and 29% experienced an endocrine, gastrointestinal, hepatic, pulmonary, renal, or skin sTRAE, respectively; the majority (57%) were grade 1/2. sTRAEs occurred early (median TTO, 5.2–12.6 weeks). Nonendocrine sTRAEs resolved in most (&gt;71%) patients (median TTR, 1.5–9.0 weeks). IMMs were used to manage sTRAEs in 22%–56% of patients (most resolved). Of patients with dose delay because of sTRAEs, 25 of 29 resumed treatment. Patients with or without sTRAEs had comparable ORR (57% vs. 52%) and 12-month OS rates (93% vs. 75%). Similar results were observed in patients with or without sTRAEs regardless of IMM use (ORR 52% vs. 57%; OS rates 87% vs. 82%).

Conclusion
The benefit-risk profile of nivolumab plus low-dose ipilimumab provides a promising treatment option for patients with previously treated MSI-H/dMMR mCRC.

Implications for Practice
Nivolumab (NIVO) plus low-dose (1 mg/kg) ipilimumab (IPI) received U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval for patients with microsatellite instability-high and/or mismatch repair-deficient (MSI-H/dMMR) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) that progressed following treatment with a fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan based on results from CheckMate 142. In this safety analysis, the majority of select treatment-related adverse events (sTRAEs) occurred early, were managed using evidence-based treatment algorithms, and resolved. Efficacy outcomes were comparable between patients with or without sTRAEs regardless of the use of concomitant immune-modulating medications. The benefit-risk profile of NIVO + low-dose IPI provides a promising treatment option for MSI-H/dMMR mCRC.
Efecto de la hiperglucemia en el síndrome coronario agudo y sus implicaciones en el tratamiento antiagregante plaquetario
Authors: Pérez-Bedoya Juan Pablo , Gallego-Lopera Natalia , Velarde-Hoyos Cristian Arbey , Franco-Hincapié Liliana , Valencia-Duarte Ana Victoria 
Published: May 2019

La enfermedad cardiovascular representa, según los datos de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, la principal causa de muerte asociada con factores de riesgo como el tabaquismo, el sedentarismo, la hipertensión, la dislipidemia y la diabetes mellitus. Precisamente, esta última enfermedad es una de las que más se relaciona con la aparición, la progresión y las complicaciones de un evento coronario. La hiperglucemia potencia diferentes vías bioquímicas y celulares como la del sorbitol, el factor nuclear kβ, la formación de productos finales de glicación avanzada, la vía de la proteína cinasa C y el estrés oxidativo, que terminan favoreciendo en el paciente coronario un estado proinflamatorio y procoagulante, que se asocia con un peor pronóstico y agrava la lesión miocárdica; además, inhibe y compite con la acción de los antiagregantes plaquetarios, generando resistencia no solo a estos sino también a la terapia trombolítica. Por lo anterior, se hace necesario generar una actualización del tema, para sensibilizar a la comunidad médica sobre la importancia del control glucémico, sobre todo en acientes con cardiopatía isquémica, y así mejorar las estrategias de control. Se realizó la búsqueda bibliográfica en PubMed, de una forma estructurada, no sistemática. Se incluyeron artículos publicados en inglés y español, sin restricción por fecha de publicación.
Faloplastia con colgajo anterolateral del muslo regional. Experiencia inicial de un caso
Authors: Posso-Zapata Carolina Maria , Vélez-Restrepo Daniel , Durán-Casado Natali , Hidalgo-Moncada Juan Pablo 
Published: May 2019

La faloplastia es un procedimiento quirúrgico reconstructivo que tiene dentro de sus objetivos alcanzar un buen resultado funcional y estético, mediante la transferencia de tejido que ofrezca sensibilidad táctil y erógena, la micción de pie y la penetración durante las relaciones sexuales. En este reporte se presenta la experiencia inicial en la IPS Universitaria Sede Clínica León XIII, con un caso de amputación traumática completa usando el colgajo anterolateral del muslo de forma regional. En este paciente se logró la reconstrucción completa del defecto, el colgajo sobrevivió en un 100 % y sólo se presentó una pequeña pérdida del injerto de piel en la zona donante como complicación menor, que no requirió ningún procedimiento adicional. En el caso presentado se usó un método que permite la reconstrucción del falo en un solo tiempo quirúrgico, sin necesidad de microcirugía, con poca morbilidad en el sitio donante y altas tasas de éxito.
Workplace Violence Against Nurses in Psychiatric Hospital Settings: Perspectives from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Basfr Wafa , Hamdan Ahlam , Al-Habib Samia 
Published: May 2019

Objectives: Workplace violence (WPV) has become a world-wide concern. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of WPV among nurses working in psychiatric hospitals in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at three psychiatric hospitals in Saudi Arabia between March and May 2017. Participants completed a self-reported questionnaire which was used to measure the prevalence and explore the associated factors of WPV. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was also performed. Results: A total of 310 nurses (response rate: 62%) were included in this study. The prevalence of WPV against nurses was 90.3%, of which 57.7% had been exposed to both physical and verbal abuse. More nurses were exposed to WPV during the morning shift than the evening shift (58.4% versus 42.3%). Violent behaviour was exhibited mostly by the patients themselves (81.3%). Over half of the nurses (57.4%) required medical intervention in such cases. The majority of nurses felt either stressed (64.2%) or anxious (53.5%) and 34.2% felt depressed after the incident. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that time of violence, source of violence, patient dissatisfaction with medical care and lack of organisational support for nurses were significantly associated with the occurrence of WPV in psychiatric units. Conclusion: WPV has reached an alarming rate among nurses in psychiatric hospitals in Saudi Arabia. It is crucial to invest in the prevention of WPV by constant training of workers and a mutual policy with the police and the civic prosecutor in Saudi Arabia on how to respond to violent psychiatric patients. Keywords: Workplace Violence; Psychiatry; Nurse; Mental Health; Saudi Arabia.
Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy via Vestibular Approach: A series of the first ten cases in Iraq
Authors: Kadem Sadq G. , Habash Sarmad M. , Jasim Ali H. 
Published: May 2019

Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy was first described as an experimental sublingual approach. This approach was modified to a vestibular approach to avoid complications. In this report, we describe the results of the first ten cases of a transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy via vestibular approach (TOETVA) performed in Iraq. All operations were performed at Al Shifa General Hospital, Basrah, Iraq, in 2017 using three laparoscopic ports inserted at the oral vestibule. One out of ten patients underwent a near total thyroidectomy, the remaining cases underwent thyroid lobectomies. The average operative time was 113.5 minutes and the average duration of hospital stay was 41.9 hours. One case of mild cervical emphysema and one case of temporary mental nerve palsy were reported but both were treated conservatively without permanent sequelae. In conclusion, TOETVA is a safe, feasible procedure with an excellent cosmetic outcome when the patients are selected carefully.Keywords: Thyroidectomy; Endoscopy; Mouth; Robotics; Case Reports; Iraq.
Image-Guided Chondrocyte Harvesting for Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation
Authors: Zikria Bashir , Hafezi-Nejad Nima , Patten Ian , Johnson Alex , Haj-Mirzaian Arya , Wilckens John H. , Ficke James R. , Demehri Shadpour 
Published: May 2019

Background:
Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI), a promising modality for repairing full-thickness cartilage defects, requires 2 consecutive arthroscopic procedures for chondrocyte harvesting and implantation. In the present study, we assessed the feasibility and efficacy of image-guided chondrocyte harvesting as an alternative to arthroscopic biopsy.

Methods:
We induced full-thickness cartilage defects in 10 human cadaveric knees. Computed tomographic arthrography (CTA) was performed following the intra-articular administration of Omnipaque 350 to measure the diameters of the induced cartilage defects. Subsequently, 2 independent operators conducted CTA-guided chondrocyte harvesting (from the medial and lateral trochlear ridges) in each knee. The time for chondrocyte harvesting, accuracy (distance between the predefined target on CTA and the final insertion site of the needle), and number of needle readjustments were recorded. In the institutional review board-approved clinical study, informed consent was obtained and chondrocyte harvesting was performed both with use of a conventional arthroscopic biopsy method and with use of a needle through an arthroscopy access site in 10 subjects for whom ACI was indicated. The samples were processed and cultured blindly, and the quantity and quality of the samples were determined.

Results:
CTA measurements of full-thickness cartilage defects showed high to perfect absolute agreement and consistency when compared with direct measurements (overall interclass correlation coefficient, 0.933 to 0.983; p < 0.05). For both operators, image-guided chondrocyte harvesting from the lateral ridge was more accurate (p = 0.007 and 0.040) and faster (p = 0.056 and 0.014) in comparison with harvesting from the medial ridge. In the clinical study, no significant difference was observed for the growth index of samples between the needle-harvest and conventional methods (p = 0.897).

Conclusions:
CTA can be used for precise measurement of full-thickness cartilage defects. Image-guided chondrocyte harvesting is a viable alternative to traditional arthroscopic biopsy for ACI.

Clinical Relevance:
We recognize the current pivotal role of arthroscopic biopsy, as a part of ACI, for chondrocyte harvesting as well as for delineating the nature of the lesion. However, on the basis of our results, image-guided chondrocyte retrieval may obviate the need for arthroscopic biopsy in some patients in the future.
CFD Modeling of Hydraulic Behavior of Oil- and Water-Based Drilling Fluids in Laminar Flow
Authors: Sayindla Sneha , Lund Bjørnar , Ytrehus Jan David , Saasen Arild 
Published: May 2019

Summary
In recent years, drilling fluids have become more complex in nature to satisfy diverse requirements in drilling operations. Accurate prediction of the frictional pressure losses while drilling is complex because of a combination of various drilling parameters. In the present study, a computational–fluid–dynamics (CFD) analysis is performed to investigate the hydraulics of solids–free non–Newtonian drilling fluids with an eccentric annulus coupled with a rotating drillstring. The Herschel-Bulkley fluid model is used to describe the non-Newtonian fluid behavior of the drilling fluid. Annular inlet fluid velocities are varied from 0.5 to 1.2 m/s (laminar flow). Simulation results are compared with the experimental data from the in–house flow–loop results. The flow loop has a 10–m–long annulus section with a 100–mm–inner–diameter (ID) wellbore and 50–mm–outer–diameter (OD) fully eccentric drillstring. Pressure–drop results from the flow–loop experiments at various flow velocities with and without drillstring rotation are reported. Experimental results show that the pressure drop increases with the drillstring rotation in an eccentric annulus. Pressure–drop predictions from CFD analysis are in close agreement with the experimental results. Also, it has been observed that drilling fluids with similar viscosity profiles measured according to API RP 13D (2017) can have significantly different hydraulic and cuttings–transport behavior. As observed from experimental results, drilling fluids with similar viscosity profiles and density have different pressure drops. This study will contribute to a better understanding of the hydraulic behavior of drilling fluids.