bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of patient‐reported outcome measures and patient‐reported experience measures in renal units in Australia and New Zealand: A cross‐sectional survey study
Authors: Morton Rachael L , Lioufas Nicole , Dansie Kathryn , Palmer Suetonia C , Jose Matthew D , Raj Rajesh , Salmon Andrew , Sypek Matthew , Tong Allison , Ludlow Marie , Boudville Neil , McDonald Stephen 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTAimPatient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) and patient‐reported experience measures (PREMs) are increasingly used in research to quantify how patients feel and function, and their experiences of care, however, knowledge of their utilization in routine nephrology is limited.MethodsThe Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry (ANZDATA) PROMs working group conducted a prospective cross‐sectional survey of PROMs/PREMs use among renal ‘parent hospitals’. One survey per hospital was completed (August–November 2017). Descriptive statistics reported type and frequency of measures used and purpose of use.ResultsSurvey response rate was 100%. Fifty‐five of 79 hospitals (70%) used at least one PROMs or PREMs for specific patient groups. PROMs were more likely to be collected from patients receiving comprehensive conservative care (45% of hospitals) than dialysis patients (32%, 31% and 28% of hospitals for home haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and facility dialysis, respectively). Few renal transplanting hospitals (3%) collected PROMs. The Integrated Palliative Outcome Scale‐Renal (IPOS‐Renal) (40% of units), and the Euro‐Qol (EQ‐5D‐5 L) (25%), were most frequently used. The main reason for collecting PROMs was to inform clinical care (58%), and for PREMs was to fulfil private dialysis/hospital provider requirements (25%). The most commonly reported reason for not using PROMs in 24 hospitals was insufficient staff resources (79%). Sixty‐two hospitals (78%) expressed interest in participating in a registry‐based PROMs trial.ConclusionMany renal hospitals in Australia and New Zealand collect PROMs and/or PREMs as part of clinical care with use varying by treatment modality. Resources are a key barrier to PROMs use.
Variation in complement factor H affects complement activation in immunoglobulin A vasculitis with nephritis
Authors: Jia Meng , Zhu Li , Zhai Ya‐Ling , Chen Pei , Xu Bo‐Yang , Guo Wei‐Yi , Shi Su‐Fang , Liu Li‐Jun , Lv Ji‐Cheng , Zhang Hong 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundImmunoglobulin A (IgA) vasculitis with nephritis (IgAVN) and IgA nephropathy (IgAN) are widely considered as related diseases. Considerable evidences support the notion of involvement of complement activation in both IgAVN and IgAN. Our previous studies identified a genetic variant in complement factor H (CFH), rs6677604, as an IgAN‐susceptible variant by genome‐wide association study, and further confirmed its linkage to CFHR3‐1Δ and proved its influence on complement activation and thereby on IgAN susceptibility.AimTo explore the role of rs6677604 in complement activation of IgAVN.MethodsIn this study, we enrolled 632 patients with IgAVN, 1178 patients with IgAN and 902 healthy controls. The genotype of rs6677604 was measured by TaqMan allele discrimination assays or was extracted from genome‐wide association study data.ResultsThe frequency of the rs6677604‐A allele was significantly higher in IgAVN than in IgAN. However, no significant differences were observed between IgAVN and the controls. Higher complement factor H (FH) levels were observed in IgAVN than IgAN, and positive correlation between circulating FH and C3 levels was present in IgAVN. In both IgAVN and IgAN, rs6677604‐A was associated with less intensity of glomerular C3 deposits. In agreement with the higher frequency of rs6677604‐A in IgAVN, the glomerular C3 deposits of patients with IgAVN were less intense than those in IgAN.ConclusionOur findings suggest that genetic variation in CFH (rs6677604) is involved in the phenotype of complement activation in both IgAVN and IgAN. Moreover, rs6677604 might contribute to the difference of complement activation intensity between IgAVN and IgAN.
Interlead electrical delays and scar tissue: Response to cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Tahri Jasmine Borg , Hansen Thomas Fritz , Storkås Hanne Stavø , Lauridsen Trine Kiilerich , Olsen Flemming Javier , Iversen Allan , Lindhardt Tommi Bo , Bruun Niels Eske , Søgaard Peter , Risum Niels 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe importance of interlead electrical delays (IEDs) in the presence of scar tissue for response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy is poorly described.MethodsSixty‐eight CRT patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and left bundle branch block were included. IEDs, the time between sensing of native impulse at the RV lead and LV lead, were measured at implantation and after 8 months. Magnetic resonance imaging was used for assessment of scar tissue. Echocardiographic response was defined as ≥ 15% decrease in left ventricular end‐systolic volume. New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire, and 6‐minute walk‐test were used to assess clinical response.ResultsA total of 44 patients (65 %) were responders to CRT. At implantation, IEDs were significantly longer among responders compared to nonresponders (RV‐LV‐IED: 87 ms ± 33 ms vs 65 ms ± 47 ms, P < 0.05), most evident in patients with QRS < 150 ms. Responders had less myocardial scar tissue than nonresponders (1 ± 0.5 vs 1.4 ± 0.6, P = 0.01). However, in the multivariate model including QRS duration and scar tissue, IEDs were independently associated with LV remodeling after CRT: odds ratio 3.99 [95% confidence interval 1.02–15.7] (P = 0.04).During the course of treatment, no changes were observed in IEDs among echocardiographic responders.ConclusionRV‐LV‐IED was an independent marker of response in CRT patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy even in the presence of scar tissue and may be particularly useful in patients with QRS < 150 ms. CRT did not influence this measurement over time.
Inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus treated successfully with crisaborole ointment in a 5‐year‐old boy
Authors: Barney Emily , Prose Neil S. , Ramirez Mary 
Published: March 2019

AbstractInflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus (ILVEN) is a chronic, a linear, or whorled array of inflammatory, following the lines of Blaschko. Treatment of ILVEN is challenging with numerous therapies of varying degrees of success reported. We present a case of ILVEN in a 5‐year‐old‐boy, treated successfully with crisaborole 2% ointment. This brief report suggests that there may be additional cellular immunologic pathways responsible for the presentation of ILVEN that may be explained by management with crisaborole use.
Depressive symptoms mediate the association between insomnia symptoms and health‐related quality of life and synergistically interact with insomnia symptoms in older adults in nursing homes
Authors: Zhao Xia , Zhang Dan , Wu Menglian , Yang Yang , Xie Hui , Jia Jihui , Li Yuqin , Su Yonggang 
Published: March 2019

AimsThe aim of this study was to elucidate whether depressive symptoms mediate the association between insomnia symptoms and health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) and to explore whether insomnia symptoms and depressive symptoms synergistically interact to affect HRQOL among older adults in nursing homes.MethodsOlder adults living in nursing homes (n = 323) completed Athens Insomnia Scale, the 15‐item Geriatric Depression Scale, and the 36‐item Short Form Health Survey. PROCESS for SPSS was used in the mediation model. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to obtain odds ratios (OR) for insomnia symptoms, depressive symptoms, and HRQOL. The relative excess risk due to interaction, the attributable proportion due to interaction, and the synergy index were assessed.ResultsInsomnia symptoms and depressive symptoms were negatively related to HRQOL. Depressive symptoms mediated the relationship between insomnia symptoms and HRQOL. Compared with the older adults without insomnia symptoms or depressive symptoms, those with only depressive symptoms (OR = 8.36, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.46–20.18) or insomnia symptoms (OR = 2.24, 95%CI: 1.04–4.83) had a lower HRQOL. Also, the co‐presence of insomnia symptoms and depressive symptoms significantly increased the risk of lowering HRQOL (OR = 25.79; 95%CI: 12.72–52.28). The relative excess risk due to interaction, attributable proportion due to interaction, and synergy index were 16.19, 0.63, and 2.88, respectively.ConclusionsDepressive symptoms may play a mediating role between insomnia symptoms and HRQOL. Comorbid insomnia symptoms and depressive symptoms synergistically interact to affect HRQOL. It is vital to focus on elderly nursing home residents with insomnia symptoms and/or depressive symptoms and to adopt interventions.
Timing of blood pressure medications and intradialytic hypotension
Authors: Wang Katherine M. , Sirich Tammy L. , Chang Tara I. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIntradialytic hypotension (IDH) is a prevalent yet serious complication of hemodialysis, associated with decreased quality of life, inadequate dialysis, vascular access thrombosis, global hypoperfusion, and increased cardiovascular and all‐cause mortality. Current guidelines recommend antihypertensive medications be given at night and held the morning of dialysis for affected patients. Despite little evidence to support this recommendation, more than half of patients on dialysis may employ some form of this method. In this article, we will review the available evidence and clinical considerations regarding timing of blood pressure medications and occurrence of IDH, and conclude that witholding BP medications before hemodialysis should not be a routine practice.
Migrant Economies Beyond Metropolitan Cities: A Context‐Sensitive Case Study
Authors: Räuchle Charlotte , Nuissl Henning 
Published: March 2019

AbstractResearch has highly valued the contribution of migrant economies to the development of mainly top‐scale metropolises. Migrant economies are considered a crucial asset when it comes to positioning cities internationally, revitalising neighbourhoods and generally securing the social, economic and political inclusion of migrants. Nevertheless, there is a major research gap in empirical evidence on migrant economies beyond metropolitan cities and the impact of the local context on the development of migrant economies in these localities. In order to tackle this blind spot, this paper examines how the local context fosters or hinders the development of migrant economies in two low‐scale German cities. The paper conceptualises ‘local context’ as comprising economic, political and socio‐cultural factors. In sum, it finds the local conditions less conducive to the development of migrant economies in the cities under scrutiny, for example, because these economies are not an urban policy issue there.
Density of local cadres and regional economic performance: Evidence from China
Authors: Jiang Wei , Wang Danli , Yang Yixin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the effect of the present‐day density of local cadres on economic performance in Chinese prefecture‐level cities. Adjusting for common control variables, our estimates show that local cadre density has a significantly positive effect on regional economic performance. This result holds when we employ the local cadre density in 1949, when the Chinese Communist Party assumed power, to instrument for the current local cadre density. We also tested the channels through which local cadres play a role in regional economic development. Our empirical results show that a high local cadre density has a significant effect on attracting economic resources, which promotes regional economic performance.
Anterior segment parameters measured in young healthy cats using a rotating Scheimpflug camera
Authors: Verneuil Marc , Marsot Maud , Ruchon Charly 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to measure parameters of the anterior segment of normal feline eyes using a rotating Scheimpflug camera in young and adult cats.ProcedureSixteen domestic short‐haired (DSH) healthy cats (seven castrated males and nine spayed females) with a mean age of 17 months (SD = 3.5) were anesthetized. Cats were considered immature and adults if they were < or ≥12 months of age, respectively. The keratometric values, the anterior chamber depth (ACD), and central corneal thickness (CCT) of the right eye of each animal were measured using a Pentacam Oculus topographer. The repeatability of the measures was assessed by calculating the coefficient of variation of the successive measures in cats (five repetitions per cat). We performed anANOVAto test the effect of age on the parameters measures.ResultsThe meanCCTandACDwere 601.97 ± 38 μm and 5.27 ± 0.04 mm, respectively. No significant differences were observed between adult and young cat's measures. The average keratometric value was 39.6 ± 0.3 D. The mean average cylindrical error was 2.48 ± 0.35 D (43.75% “against‐the‐rule” astigmatism and 43.75% “oblique” astigmatism).ConclusionThe Oculus Pentacam under clinical conditions giveCCTandACDvalues very similar to those reported in previous studies. Corneal astigmatism measures were markedly elevated (>2 D). Further studies with a larger population of cats of various breeds and ages are needed to confirm or refute these results, using a rotating Scheimpflug camera.
Dynamic Modeling and Projection-Based Reduction Methods for Bladed Disks With Nonlinear Frictional and Intermittent Contact Interfaces
Authors: Mitra Mainak , Epureanu Bogdan I. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTurbine bladed disks or blisks, which constitute critical components of most modern turbomachinery, are known for their complex vibratory behavior. The nonlinear dynamics observed in most operational regimes of blisk with contact interfaces are dominated by one of two typical contact behaviors. Frictional contacts are dominated by Coulomb friction forces, while intermittent contacts are characterized by multiple separation events. Other factors such as the dispersion in material or geometric properties across blades, known as mistuning, also affect the dynamics significantly. Presently, probabilistic analysis is the widely accepted design methodology to account for mistuning, which is unknown prior to manufacture. Thus, reduced order modeling of these blisks is essential as high fidelity models are prohibitively expensive for such simulations. This paper provides a technical discussion of dynamic modeling and reviews projection-based techniques used for creation of reduced models of blisks with contacts.
Effects of static stretching duration on muscle stiffness and blood flow in the rectus femoris in adolescents
Authors: Caliskan Emine , Akkoc Orkun , Bayramoglu Zuhal , Gozubuyuk Omer Batin , Kural Doga , Azamat Sena , Adaletli Ibrahim 
Published: March 2019

Aims: To compare the effects of 2 and 5 min of passive static stretching (SS) on stiffness and blood flow in the rectus femoris in adolescent athletes using shear wave elastography (SWE) and superb microvascular imaging (SMI).Material and methods: This prospective study included 20 male athletes with median age of 14.5 (12.5–16.5) years. The subjects were divided into two groups based on the SS duration as follows: 2 min (n=10) and 5 min (n=10). At rest and after 2 and 5 min of SS, stiffness and blood flow values were compared in the rectus femoris for each group. Inter-operator reliability was also analysed.Results: There was no significant difference between resting and 2 min of SS in terms of stiffness. The stiffness values decreased significantly from resting to 5 min of SS. The blood flow increased significantly from resting to 2 and 5 min of SS. Inter-operator reliability was moderate to perfect for SWE and SMI measurements (ICC: 0.52–0.83).Conclusions: SWE and SMI can be used to acquire reliable quantitative data about muscle stiffness and blood flow in adolescents. While stiffness parameters significantly decreased from resting after only 5 min, blood flow significantly increased both after 2 and 5 min. For physical rehabilitation protocols, 5 min of SS may be chosen to reduce stiffness. For competitions, 2 min of SS may be sufficient for warm-up exercise because it increases the blood flow optimally. Five min of SS may be preferred for the cool-down exercise to enhance recovery.
Preschool respiratory hospital admissions following infant bronchiolitis: a birth cohort study
Authors: Skirrow Helen , Wincott Thomas , Cecil Elizabeth , Bottle Alex , Costelloe Ceire , Saxena Sonia 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundBronchiolitis causes significant infant morbidity worldwide from hospital admissions. However, studies quantifying the subsequent respiratory burden in children under 5 years are lacking.ObjectiveTo estimate the risk of subsequent respiratory hospital admissions in children under 5 years in England following bronchiolitis admission in infancy.DesignRetrospective population-based birth cohort study.SettingPublic hospitals in England.PatientsWe constructed a birth cohort of 613 377 infants born between 1 April 2007 and 31 March 2008, followed up until aged 5 years by linking Hospital Episode Statistics admissions data.MethodsWe compared the risk of respiratory hospital admission due to asthma, wheezing and lower and upper respiratory tract infections (LRTI and URTI) in infants who had been admitted for bronchiolitis with those who had not, using Cox proportional hazard regression. We adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for known respiratory illness risk factors including living in deprived households, being born preterm or with a comorbid condition.ResultsWe identified 16 288/613 377 infants (2.7%) with at least one admission for bronchiolitis. Of these, 21.7% had a further respiratory hospital admission by age 5 years compared with 8% without a previous bronchiolitis admission (HR (adjusted) 2.82, 95% CI 2.72 to 2.92). The association was greatest for asthma (HR (adjusted) 4.35, 95% CI 4.00 to 4.73) and wheezing admissions (HR (adjusted) 5.02, 95% CI 4.64 to 5.44), but were also significant for URTI and LRTI admissions.ConclusionsHospital admission for bronchiolitis in infancy is associated with a threefold to fivefold risk of subsequent respiratory hospital admissions from asthma, wheezing and respiratory infections. One in five infants with bronchiolitis hospital admissions will have a subsequent respiratory hospital admission by age 5 years.
Swept source optical coherence tomography angiography in patients treated with hydroxychloroquine: correlation with morphological and functional tests
Authors: Forte Raimondo , Haulani Hanan , Dyrda Agnieszka , Jürgens Ignasi 
Published: March 2019

PurposeTo evaluate swept source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) in patients treated with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for more than 5 years and to compare results with the tests currently recommended for screening of HCQ retinopathy.MethodsIn this controlled pilot study, consecutive patients treated with HCQ for more than 5 years underwent SS-OCTA, SS-OCT B-scan and en-face C-scan, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), 10–2 automated visual field (AVF) testing and multifocal electroretinography (mfERG). On SS-OCTA, evaluation of the retinal superficial capillary plexus, middle capillary plexus, and deep capillary plexus (DCP) and the choriocapillaris (CC) was obtained.ResultsWe included 10 patients under HCQ treatment (20 eyes, mean age 38.91±11.73 years) and 18 healthy control patients (36 eyes, mean age 38.87±8.6 years). Mean duration of HCQ treatment was 10.0±3.25 (5–15) years and HCQ cumulative dose/body weight was 15.86±5.56 g/kg. The HCQ group showed a reduction of the vessel density in the 1 mm central, in the nasal and temporal subfields of DCP and in the 1 mm central subfield of CC, an increased foveal avascular zone in the three capillary plexuses, a greater frequency of CC flow voids and a reduced foveal choroidal thickness (p<0.05). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), mfERG, SS-OCT B-scan and C-scan, AVF and FAF were normal in 20/20 eyes (100%).ConclusionsIn patients treated with HCQ for more than 5 years, choroidal thinning and flow abnormalities at SS-OCTA in the retinal capillary plexuses and CC may be observed even if BCVA, FAF, mfERG, AVF and SS-OCT are normal.
Association between physical activity and sedentary behaviour on carotid atherosclerotic plaques: an epidemiological and histological study in 90 asymptomatic patients
Authors: Mury Pauline , Mura Mathilde , Della-Schiava Nellie , Chanon Stéphanie , Vieille-Marchiset Aurélie , Nicaise Virginie , Chirico Erica N , Collet-Benzaquen Diane , Lermusiaux Patrick , Connes Philippe , Millon Antoine , Pialoux Vincent 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveCarotid atherosclerotic plaques are a source of emboli for stroke. ‘Unstable’ carotid atherosclerotic plaques may have intraplaque haemorrhages, neovessels, prevalent macrophages, excessive calcium deposits, a large lipid core and a thin fibrous cap. Regular physical activity (PA) may lower the risk of plaques becoming unstable. We evaluated the association of both PA and sedentary behaviour (SB) with carotid plaque histopathology.Methods90 asymptomatic patients who were undergoing carotid endarterectomy for carotid artery narrowing identified on ultrasound reported their PA and SB by questionnaires. We calculated PA intensity in MET (metabolic equivalent of task)-min/week. For analysis, the population was divided into tertiles according to PA (T1PA: the less PA patients; T2PA: the intermediate PA patients; T3PA: the most physically active patients) (T1PA<T2PA<T3PA) and SB (T1SB: the less sedentary behaviour patients; T2SB: the intermediate sedentary behaviour patients; T3SB: the most sedentary behaviour patients) (T1SB<T2SB<T3SB). PA was categorised as one of four PA intensities (600, 900, 1600 and 3000 MET-min/week). We obtained the carotid artery plaque at surgery and performed histological analysis of intraplaque haemorrhages (present/absent), neovessels, macrophages, lipid core, calcium deposits and the fibrous cap.ResultsIntraplaque haemorrhage was less frequent in the most physically active tertile (T3PA, 48%) versus T1PA (74%) and in the least sedentary tertile T1SB (50%) versus T3SB (71%). The intraplaque haemorrhage was less frequent in those who exercised more than 900 MET-min/week (59% vs 47% for >900 and <900 MET-min/week, respectively). All the other features that associate with plaque instability (eg, neovessels, macrophages, etc) did not differ by level of PA or SB.ConclusionIn this cross-sectional study of asymptomatic patients who underwent endarterectomy (i) higher reported PA, (ii) intensity of PA and (iii) lower reported SB were associated with lower prevalence of intraplaque haemorrhage. This could be a mechanism whereby PA protects against cerebrovascular disease (stroke) and death.