bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate change alters elevational phenology patterns of the European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus)
Authors: Jakoby Oliver , Lischke Heike , Wermelinger Beat 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus is the most important insect pest in Central European forests. Under climate change, its phenology is presumed to be changing and mass infestations becoming more likely. While several studies have investigated climate effects across a latitudinal gradient, it remains an open question how phenology will change depending on elevation and topology. Knowing how an altered climate is likely to affect bark beetle populations, particularly across diverse topographies and elevations, is essential for adaptive management. We developed a time‐varying distributed delay model to predict the phenology of I. typographus. This approach has the particular advantage of capturing the variability within populations and thus representing its stage structure at any time. The model is applied for three regional climate change scenarios, A1B, A2 and RCP3PD, to the diverse topography of Switzerland, covering a large range of elevations, aspects and slopes. We found a strong negative relationship between voltinism and elevation. Under climate change, the model predicts an increasing number of generations over the whole elevational gradient, which will be more pronounced at low elevations. In contrast, the pre‐shift in spring swarming is expected to be greater at higher elevations. In comparison, the general trend of faster beetle development on steep southern slopes is only of minor importance. Overall, the maximum elevation allowing a complete yearly generation will move upwards. Generally, the predicted increase in number of generations, earlier spring swarming, more aggregated swarming, together with a projected increase in drought and storm events, will result in a higher risk of mass infestations. This will increase the pressure on spruce stands particularly in the lowlands and require intensified management efforts. It calls for adapted long‐term silvicultural strategies to mitigate the loss of ecosystem services such as timber production protection against rockfall and avalanches and carbon storage.
Estimating aboveground net biomass change for tropical and subtropical forests: Refinement of IPCC default rates using forest plot data
Authors: Requena Suarez Daniela , Rozendaal Danaë M. A. , De Sy Veronique , Phillips Oliver L. , Alvarez‐Dávila Esteban , Anderson‐Teixeira Kristina , Araujo‐Murakami Alejandro , Arroyo Luzmila , Baker Timothy R. , Bongers Frans , Brienen Roel J. W. , Carter Sarah , Cook‐Patton Susan C. , Feldpausch Ted R. , Griscom Bronson W. , Harris Nancy , Hérault Bruno , Honorio Coronado Eurídice N. , Leavitt Sara M. , Lewis Simon L. , Marimon Beatriz S. , Monteagudo Mendoza Abel , Kassi N'dja Justin , N'Guessan Anny Estelle , Poorter Lourens , Qie Lan , Rutishauser Ervan , Sist Plinio , Sonké Bonaventure , Sullivan Martin J. P. , Vilanova Emilio , Wang Maria M. H. , Martius Christopher , Herold Martin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAs countries advance in greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting for climate change mitigation, consistent estimates of aboveground net biomass change (∆AGB) are needed. Countries with limited forest monitoring capabilities in the tropics and subtropics rely on IPCC 2006 default ∆AGB rates, which are values per ecological zone, per continent. Similarly, research into forest biomass change at a large scale also makes use of these rates. IPCC 2006 default rates come from a handful of studies, provide no uncertainty indications and do not distinguish between older secondary forests and old‐growth forests. As part of the 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, we incorporate ∆AGB data available from 2006 onwards, comprising 176 chronosequences in secondary forests and 536 permanent plots in old‐growth and managed/logged forests located in 42 countries in Africa, North and South America and Asia. We generated ∆AGB rate estimates for younger secondary forests (≤20 years), older secondary forests (>20 years and up to 100 years) and old‐growth forests, and accounted for uncertainties in our estimates. In tropical rainforests, for which data availability was the highest, our ∆AGB rate estimates ranged from 3.4 (Asia) to 7.6 (Africa) Mg ha−1 year−1 in younger secondary forests, from 2.3 (North and South America) to 3.5 (Africa) Mg ha−1 year−1 in older secondary forests, and 0.7 (Asia) to 1.3 (Africa) Mg ha−1 year−1 in old‐growth forests. We provide a rigorous and traceable refinement of the IPCC 2006 default rates in tropical and subtropical ecological zones, and identify which areas require more research on ∆AGB. In this respect, this study should be considered as an important step towards quantifying the role of tropical and subtropical forests as carbon sinks with higher accuracy; our new rates can be used for large‐scale GHG accounting by governmental bodies, nongovernmental organizations and in scientific research.
Preparation and identification of angiotensin I‐converting enzyme inhibitory peptides from sweet potato protein by enzymatic hydrolysis under high hydrostatic pressure
Authors: Nazir Muhammad Amer , Mu Tai‐Hua , Zhang Miao 
Published: July 2019

SummarySweet potato protein hydrolysates (SPPH) with angiotensin I‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity were prepared by papain, pepsin and alcalase under high hydrostatic pressure (HHP, 100–300 MPa). HHP significantly increased degree of hydrolysis (DH), nitrogen recovery (NR) and molecular weight (MW) <3 kDa fractions contents of SPPH by all three enzymes (P < 0.05). MW < 3 kDa peptide fractions from SPPH by alcalase under 100 MPa showed the highest ACE inhibitory activity (IC50 value 32.24 µg mL−1), and was subjected to purification and identification by semi‐preparative RP‐HPLC and LC‐MS/MS. Fifty‐four peptides ranged from 501.28 to 1958.88 Da with 5–18 amino acids were identified and matched sporamin A and B sequences. Five identified peptides with sequences of VSAIW, AIWGA, FVIKP, VVMPSTF and FHDPMLR displayed good ACE inhibitory activity with the contribution of Val, Trp, Phe and Arg. Thus, SPPH by enzymatic hydrolysis under HHP can be potentially used in functional food.
Risks of interstitial cystitis among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Wen Jen‐Yu , Lo Tsia‐Shu , Chuang Yao‐Chi , Ho Chung‐Han , Long Cheng‐Yu , Law Kim‐Seng , Tong Yat‐Ching , Wu Ming‐Ping 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveTo investigate whether the risk of interstitial cystitis increases among the patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.MethodsThis was a nationwide population‐based cohort study. Data were obtained from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. Women aged >18 years newly diagnosed as systemic lupus erythematosus during 2001–2008 were identified as the control group. The comparison included individuals randomly selected from the National Health Insurance Research Database in the year of 2000, by matching one systemic lupus erythematosus participant with eight non‐systemic lupus erythematosus participants with sex and age. These participants were followed up until being diagnosed as interstitial cystitis, or the end of 2011. Women diagnosed with lupus cystitis were excluded from this study.ResultsThis study included 7240 women with systemic lupus erythematosus and 57 920 women without systemic lupus erythematosus as controls. The incidence rate of interstitial cystitis was significantly higher in the systemic lupus erythematosus group, with an incidence rate ratio of 2.26 (95% confidence interval 1.57–3.27, P < 0.0001). After adjustment, the risk increased by 2.45‐fold (adjusted hazard ratio 2.45, 95% confidence interval 1.57–3.27, P < 0.05). Age as a factor increases incidence rate ratios among all age groups, 2.12‐, 3.32‐ and 4.65‐fold. Age ≥45 years had an increased adjusted hazard ratio (2.07, 95% confidence interval 1.37–3.13, P < 0.05). Comorbidities, for example, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and renal disease, were insignificant.ConclusionsThis is the first population‐based cohort study showing a higher incidence of interstitial cystitis among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. These findings support the concordance of interstitial cystitis with autoimmune diseases, and the temporal relationship to develop interstitial cystitis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Nutritional and mineral content of prickly pear cactus: A highly water‐use efficient forage, fodder and food species
Authors: Mayer Jesse A. , Cushman John C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIncreased demand for food requires us to investigate livestock forage and fodder crops that can be grown over a wide range of locations where their cultivation will not compete with that of the food supply. A large portion of the southwestern United States consists of underutilized semi‐arid land. Crops typically used for livestock fodder or forage have high‐water demands that make them uneconomical or unsustainable for semi‐arid and arid regions. The growth rate and low‐input requirements of prickly pear cactus (Opuntia ficus‐indica) make it an excellent candidate for forage or fodder supplementation or replacement in these regions. Previous reports about forage quality data on Opuntia have been scattered across multiple locations, growing conditions and cultivars. Here, we report on the forage quality and mineral content of Opuntia ficus‐indica grown under both field and greenhouse conditions. Crude protein was 71 and 264 g/kg of dry mass for field and greenhouse conditions, respectively. Field‐grown plants showed higher acid and neutral detergent fibre content than greenhouse‐grown plants reflecting higher cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin accumulation. Nutritional values were also compared to requirements of cattle to determine what deficiencies might need to be addressed through supplementation. These data suggest that Opuntia can be used in combination with other feed sources to reduce the demand of resource‐intensive forage crops for raising livestock in dryland areas.
The lived experience of adolescent users of mental health services in Vienna, Austria: A qualitative study of personal recovery
Authors: Schneidtinger Cornelia , Haslinger‐Baumann Elisabeth 
Published: July 2019

AbstractProblemIn Austria, one in four adolescents suffers from a mental health problem, yet there is a lack of adequate care structures. Therefore, the personal recovery of these adolescents is of particular interest. The aim of the study was to explore, from a Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing (CAPMHN) perspective, how adolescent users of mental health services in Vienna, Austria experienced personal recovery after a stay in hospital, and to discover what had influenced the personal recovery of adolescent users of mental health services in Vienna.MethodsTen episodic interviews with adolescents were conducted. Nine of them were analyzed following the content analysis of Mayring (2015).FindingsThe findings of the survey indicate that the personal recovery of the participants was influenced by personal and external factors. Personal factors were the subjective experience of illness and recovery, optimism, resources, and ambivalence. External factors were family, peers, and treatment. The findings suggest that personal recovery of adolescents with a mental health problem is affected by youth‐specific aspects.ConclusionsCAPMHNs can support the personal recovery of adolescent users of mental health services, so providing recovery‐oriented care, adequate care structures, and specific nursing skills is crucial.
Atrial arrhythmias in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: Prevalence, echocardiographic predictors, and treatment
Authors: Cardona‐Guarache Ricardo , Åström‐Aneq Meriam , Oesterle Adam , Asirvatham Roshini , Svetlichnaya Jana , Marcus Gregory M. , Gerstenfeld Edward P. , Klein Liviu , Scheinman Melvin M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe clinical role of atrial arrhythmias (AA) in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) and the echocardiographic variables that predict them are not well defined. We describe the prevalence, types, echocardiographic predictors, and management of AA in patients with ARVC.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated medical records of 117 patients with definite ARVC (2010 Task Force Criteria) from two tertiary care centers. We identified those patients with sustained AA (>30 seconds), including atrial fibrillation (AF), atrial flutter (AFL), and atrial tachycardia (AT). We collected demographic, genetic, and clinical data. The median follow‐up was 3.4 years (interquartile range = 2.0‐5.7).ResultsTotal 26 patients (22%) had one or more types of AA: AF (n = 19), AFL (n = 9), and AT (n = 8). We performed genetic testing on 84 patients with ARVC (71.8%). Two patients with AA (8%) had peripheral emboli, and one patient (4%) suffered inappropriate implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator shock. We performed catheter ablation of AA in eight patients (31%), with no procedural complications. Right atrial area and left atrial volume index were independently associated with increased odds of AA; odds ratio (OR), 1.1 (95% confidence interval [CI]:1.02‐1.16) (P = .01) and OR, 1.1 (95% CI:1.03‐1.15) (P = .003), respectively. An increase in tricuspid annular plane peak systolic excursion was independently associated with reduced odds; OR, 0.3 (95% CI: 0.1‐0.94) (P = .003).ConclusionsAtrial arrhythmias (AA) are common in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Inappropriate shocks and systemic emboli may be associated with AA. Atrial size and right ventricular dysfunction may help identify patients with ARVC at increased odds of AA.
The ECJ's Construction of an EU Mobility Regime‐Judicialization and the Posting of Third‐country Nationals
Authors: Mussche Ninke , Lens Dries 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe role of the Court of Justice in furthering the integration of the European Union is an unresolved topic of debate. This article contributes to the judicialization debate by assessing the impact of the Vander Elst Case‐law, which allowed third‐country nationals (TCNs) to be posted freely across the EU without work permits in the countries of posting. Based on Belgian posting data, we demonstrate that the ECJ introduced a mobility regime that is growing in importance and even outnumbers classical labour migration. We argue that judicialization not only results in ‘codification' of its case‐law or ‘modification' of it, but also in ‘Direct Design', whereby the Court creates new economic realities all by itself. While this regime further lessens the migration sovereignty of member states, the rising use of posting indicates at the same time the increasing role of the free movement of services in developing a single European labour market.
Comparing point shear wave elastography (ElastPQ) and transient elastography for diagnosis of fibrosis stage in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Leong Wai Ling , Lai Lee Lee , Nik Mustapha Nik Raihan , Vijayananthan Anushya , Rahmat Kartini , Mahadeva Sanjiv , Chan Wah Kheong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground and AimTransient elastography (TE) and point shear wave elastography (pSWE) are noninvasive methods to diagnose fibrosis stage in patients with chronic liver disease. The aim of this study is to compare the accuracy of the two methods to diagnose fibrosis stage in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to study the intra‐observer and inter‐observer variability when the examinations were performed by healthcare personnel of different backgrounds.MethodsConsecutive NAFLD patients who underwent liver biopsy were enrolled in this study and had two sets each of pSWE and TE examinations by a nurse and a doctor on the same day of liver biopsy procedure. The medians of the four sets of pSWE and TE were used for evaluation of diagnostic accuracy using area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Intra‐observer and inter‐observer variability was analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficients.ResultsData for 100 NAFLD patients (mean age 57.1 ± 10.2 years; male 46.0%) were analyzed. The AUROC of TE for diagnosis of fibrosis stage ≥ F1, ≥ F2, ≥ F3, and F4 was 0.89, 0.83, 0.83, and 0.89, respectively. The corresponding AUROC of pSWE was 0.80, 0.72, 0.69, and 0.79, respectively. TE was significantly better than pSWE for the diagnosis of fibrosis stages ≥ F2 and ≥ F3. The intra‐observer and inter‐observer variability of TE and pSWE measurements by the nurse and doctor was excellent with intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.96.ConclusionTransient elastography was significantly better than pSWE for the diagnosis of fibrosis stage ≥ F2 and ≥ F3. Both TE and pSWE had excellent intra‐observer and inter‐observer variability when performed by healthcare personnel of different backgrounds.
Ruminal microbiota composition associated with ruminal fermentation parameters and milk yield in lactating buffalo in Guangxi, China—A preliminary study
Authors: Zou Caixia , Gu Qichao , Zhou Xiaokang , Xia zhongsheng , Muhammad Wasim I. , Tang Qingfeng , Liang Mingzhen , Lin Bo , Qin Guangsheng 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe ruminal microbiota of 15 dairy buffalo was characterized using high‐throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Results showed that Bacteroidetes was the dominant bacterial phylum in all rumen samples, followed by Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Tenericutes and Verrucomicrobia. Butyrivibrio was positively correlated with average milk fat yield (R = 0.55; p = 0.03), average milk total solid yield (R = 0.56; p = 0.03) and standard milk yield (R = 0.52; p = 0.05). Acinetobacter were positively correlated with average milk protein yield (R = 0.56; p = 0.03), average milk total solid yield (R = 0.60; p = 0.02) and standard milk yield (R = 0.57; p = 0.03). Acetobacter was positively correlated with acetate (R = 0.63; p = 0.01), propionate content (R = 0.55; p = 0.03), butyrate content (R = 0.61; p = 0.02) and total VFA (R = 0.62; p = 0.01). The phyla Proteobacteria (R = 0.53; p = 0.04) and genus Prevotella (R = 0.52; p = 0.05) were positively correlated with butyrate content. Correlation analysis suggested that increased Butyrivibrio and Acinetobacter residing in the buffalo rumen could improve milk performance.
Using dust shed from asteroids as microsamples to link remote measurements with meteorite classes
Authors: Cohen B. A. , Szalay J. R. , Rivkin A. S. , Richardson J. A. , Klima R. L. , Ernst C. M. , Chabot N. L. , Sternovsky Z. , Horányi M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractGiven the compositional diversity of asteroids, and their distribution in space, it is impossible to consider returning samples from each one to establish their origin. However, the velocity and molecular composition of primary minerals, hydrated silicates, and organic materials can be determined by in situ dust detector instruments. Such instruments could sample the cloud of micrometer‐scale particles shed by asteroids to provide direct links to known meteorite groups without returning the samples to terrestrial laboratories. We extend models of the measured lunar dust cloud fromLADEEto show that the abundance of detectable impact‐generated microsamples around asteroids is a function of the parent body radius, heliocentric distance, flyby distance, and speed. We use Monte Carlo modeling to show that several tens to hundreds of particles, if randomly ejected and detected during a flyby, would be a sufficient number to classify the parent body as an ordinary chondrite, basaltic achondrite, or other class of meteorite. Encountering and measuring microsamples shed from near‐Earth and Main Belt asteroids, coupled with complementary imaging and multispectral measurements, could accomplish a thorough characterization of small, airless bodies.
Tracing the Roots of Constructive Conflict Management in Family Firms
Authors: Alvarado-Alvarez Cristina , Armadans Immaculada , Parada María José 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe overlap between family and business systems creates a particular bundle of resources, which is a specific familiness that may determine how family firms positively or negatively manage their conflicts. In this article, we review the current research on conflict management and family firms and suggest theoretical propositions about the influence of familiness in constructive conflict management in family firms. We propose that specific levels of structural, cognitive, and relational dimensions of familiness configure a specific arrangement of resources that we conceptualized as collaborative familiness, which enhances constructive conflict. We discuss the main implications of this conceptualization in terms of its theoretical contributions, further research, and practice.
Back to the future: A retrospective assessment of model‐based scenarios for the management of the shrimp fishery in French Guiana facing global change
Authors: Blanchard Fabian , Chaboud Christian , Thébaud Olivier 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWhile the number of models dedicated to predicting the consequences of alternative resource management strategies has increased, instances in which authors look back at past predictions to learn from discrepancies between these and observed developments are scarce. In the past decades, the French Guiana shrimp fishery has experienced shrimp market globalization and decreasing levels of shrimp recruitment due to environmental changes. In 2006, a bio‐economic model of this fishery was developed to simulate its possible responses to economic and environmental scenarios up to 2016. Here, we compare here these predictions to the observed trajectories. While the number of active vessels corresponds to that which was predicted, the estimated shrimp stock does not. Important driving factors had not been anticipated, including a general strike, natural disasters, and the end of the global financial crisis. These results show the importance of participative approaches involving stakeholders in the co‐construction and shared representation of scenarios.Recommendations for resource managers

Effective fisheries resources management and a fortiori, the capacity of the fisheries to adapt to global change, requires understanding of both ecological and economics dynamics.
The temporal trajectory of the trawling shrimp fisheries has been well monitored, and the decline of both stock and fleet is understood regarding ecological and economic changes: Changes in the environmental conditions of shrimp recruitment, and oil price increase and selling price decrease.
However, our bio‐economic modeling work showed that, even with a good understanding of the dynamics explaining past trajectories, unpredictable events (strike, natural disasters…) have acted as other key driving factors altering the capacity of the model to represent possible futures.
These results led us to recommend a better integration of the expertise of social and political scientists in developing models of bio‐economic systems to increase the quality of scenario predictions, and to argue for more participative approaches involving the stakeholders.