bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in proinflammatory cytokines, neuropeptides, and microglia in an animal model of monosodium iodoacetate‐induced hip osteoarthritis
Authors: Kawarai Yuya , Orita Sumihisa , Nakamura Junichi , Miyamoto Shuichi , Suzuki Miyako , Inage Kazuhide , Hagiwara Shigeo , Suzuki Takane , Nakajima Takayuki , Akazawa Tsutomu , Ohtori Seiji 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to investigate the local production of proinflammatory cytokines, pain‐related sensory innervation of dorsal‐root ganglia (DRG), and spinal changes in a rat model of induced hip osteoarthritis (OA). Seventy‐five Sprague–Dawley rats were used, including 25 controls and 50 injected into the right hip joints (sham group, injected with 25 µl of sterile saline: N = 25; and monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) group, injected with 25 µl of sterile saline with 2 mg of MIA: N = 25). We measured the local production of TNF‐α, immunoreactive (‐ir) neurons for calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP), and growth associated protein‐43 (GAP‐43) in DRG, and immunoreactive neurons for ionized‐calcium‐binding adaptor molecule‐1 (Iba‐1) in the dorsal horn of spinal cord, on post‐induction days 7, 14, 28, 42, and 56 (N = 5 rats/group/time point). For post‐induction days 7–42, the MIA group presented significantly elevated concentrations of TNF‐α than the other groups (p < 0.01), and a higher expression of CGRP‐ir in FG‐labeled DRG neurons than the sham group (p < 0.01). MIA rats also presented significantly more FG‐labeled GAP‐43‐ir DRG neurons than the sham group on post‐induction days 28, 42, and 56 (p < 0.05), and a significantly higher number of Iba‐1‐ir microglia in the ipsilateral dorsal horn than the other groups, on post‐induction days 28, 42, and 56. The results suggest that in rat models, pain‐related pathologies due to MIA‐induced hip OA, originate from inflammation caused by cytokines, which leads to progressive, chronic neuronal damage that may cause neuropathic pain. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:2978–2986, 2018.
Evaluation of bitter melon (Momordica charantia) cultivars grown in Texas and levels of various phytonutrients
Authors: Perez Jose L , Jayaprakasha Guddadarangavvanahally K , Crosby Kevin , Patil Bhimanagouda S 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDIn the USA, Momordica charantia is relatively unknown and is usually found in specialty markets. In the present study, cultivation of five bitter melon cultivars grown under field conditions in College Station (TX, USA), was evaluated. Additionally, ascorbic acid, amino acids and phenolic compounds were quantified from various cultivars grown in different years.RESULTSThe yield of the first year of evaluation was comparable to other bitter melon growing regions, ranging from 9371.5 kg ha−1 for the Japanese Spindle cultivar to 20 839.1 kg ha−1 for the Hong Kong Green cultivar. Multivariate analysis suggests a strong correlation between yield and growth degree days, water use efficiency and organic matter, as well as an inverse correlation with the amount or precipitation during the growing season. The highest levels of total ascorbic acid were shown in the Japanese Spindle cultivar (162.97 mg 100 g–1 fresh fruit), whereas the lowest levels were expressed in the Hong Kong Green cultivar (42.69 mg 100 g–1 fresh fruit). The highest levels of total phenolics were consistently found the Indian White cultivar, in the range 10.6–12.5 mg g–1 catechin equivalents. Seven phenolics and organic acids were identified and quantified by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and high‐performance liquid chromatography, respectively. Additionally, the highest levels of total amino acids were found in the Large Top cultivar.CONCLUSIONThe current 3‐year field study demonstrates that it is feasible to grow bitter melon commercially in Texas with proper climatic and agronomic conditions. Bitter melon is a rich source for ascorbic acid, amino acids and phenolic compounds, which makes it a valuable food source with respect to improving human health. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
pH‐neutralizing esophageal irrigations as a novel mitigation strategy for button battery injury
Authors: Anfang Rachel R. , Jatana Kris R. , Linn Rebecca L. , Rhoades Keith , Fry Jared , Jacobs Ian N. 
Published: June 2018

Objectives/HypothesisIngestion of button batteries (BB) can rapidly lead to caustic esophageal injury in infants and children, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. To identify novel mitigation strategies, we tested common weakly acidic household beverages, viscous liquids, and Carafate® for their ability to act as protective esophageal irrigations until endoscopic removal of the BB.Study DesignCadaveric and live animal model.MethodsApple juice, orange juice, Gatorade®, POWERADE®, pure honey, pure maple syrup, and Carafate® were screened using a 3 V lithium (3 V‐CR2032) BB on cadaveric porcine esophagus. The most promising in vitro options were tested against a saline control in live American Yorkshire piglets with anode‐facing placement of the BB on the posterior wall of the proximal esophagus for 60 minutes. BB voltage and tissue pH were measured before battery placement and after removal. The 10 mL irrigations occurred every 10 minutes from t = 5 minutes. Gross and histologic assessment was performed on the esophagus of piglets euthanized 7 ± 0.5 days following BB exposure.ResultsHoney and Carafate® demonstrated to a significant degree the most protective effects in vitro and in vivo. Both neutralized the tissue pH increase and created more localized and superficial injuries; observed in vivo was a decrease in both full‐thickness injury (i.e., shallower depths of necrotic and granulation tissue) and outward extension of injury in the deep muscle beyond surface ulcer margins (P < .05).ConclusionsIn the crucial period between BB ingestion and endoscopic removal, early and frequent ingestion of honey in the household setting and Carafate® in the clinical setting has the potential to reduce injury severity and improve patient outcomes.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 129:49–57, 2019
Missing Data in the Unified Dysksinesia Rating Scale (UDysRS)
Authors: Luo Sheng , Ren Xuehan , Han Weilu , Goetz Christopher G. , Stebbins Glenn T. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTObjectiveIdentify the number of allowable missing values still permitting valid surrogate score calculation for the Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale (UDysRS).BackgroundMissing data frequently occur in Parkinson's disease rating scales, and they compromise data validity, risking data exclusion from final analyses.MethodsAccessing the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society‐sponsored UDysRS translation databases (3313 complete scores). We sequentially removed item scores, consistently or randomly from subjective and objective sections. Lin's Concordance Correlation Coefficient compared prorated scores with complete scores. We considered prorated scores valid when Coefficients exceeded 0.95.ResultsFor consistently missing items, three from the subjective section and five from the objective section are allowable. For randomly missing items, seven from the subjective section and four from the objective section are permissible.ConclusionsWe provide guidelines for constructing valid surrogate summary UDysRS scores with clear thresholds for retaining or rejecting scores based on missing values.
Elevation of the TP53 isoform Δ133p53β in glioblastomas: an alternative to mutant p53 in promoting tumor development
Authors: Kazantseva Marina , Eiholzer Ramona A , Mehta Sunali , Taha Ahmad , Bowie Sara , Roth Imogen , Zhou Jean , Joruiz Sebastien M , Royds Janice A , Hung Noelyn A , Slatter Tania L , Braithwaite Antony W 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAs tumor protein 53 (p53) isoforms have tumor‐promoting, migration, and inflammatory properties, this study investigated whether p53 isoforms contributed to glioblastoma progression. The expression levels of full‐length TP53α (TAp53α) and six TP53 isoforms were quantitated by RT‐qPCR in 89 glioblastomas and correlated with TP53 mutation status, tumor‐associated macrophage content, and various immune cell markers. Elevated levels of Δ133p53β mRNA characterised glioblastomas with increased CD163‐positive macrophages and wild‐type TP53. In situ‐based analyses found Δ133p53β expression localised to malignant cells in areas with increased hypoxia, and in cells with the monocyte chemoattractant protein C‐C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) expressed. Tumors with increased Δ133p53β had increased numbers of cells positive for macrophage colony‐stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) and programmed death ligand 1 (PDL1). In addition, cells expressing a murine ‘mimic’ of Δ133p53 (Δ122p53) were resistant to temozolomide treatment and oxidative stress. Our findings suggest that elevated Δ133p53β is an alternative pathway to TP53 mutation in glioblastoma that aids tumor progression by promoting an immunosuppressive and chemoresistant environment. Adding Δ133p53β to a TP53 signature along with TP53 mutation status will better predict treatment resistance in glioblastoma. © 2018 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Opioid tolerance and clinically recognized opioid poisoning among patients prescribed extended‐release long‐acting opioids
Authors: Young Jessica C. , Lund Jennifer L. , Dasgupta Nabarun , Jonsson Funk Michele 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundIn recognition of potential for increased overdose risk, drug labels for extended‐release and long‐acting (ER/LA) opioids emphasize the need for established opioid tolerance prior to initiating high dosages.ObjectivesDescribe the proportion of patients with opioid tolerance prior to initiation of 90 morphine milligram equivalents (MME) ER/LA opioids and examine subsequent risk of opioid poisoning.MethodsWe used Truven Health Analytics' MarketScan Databases (2006‐2015) to identify patients initiating ER/LA opioids ≥90 MME. We examined prescription histories and describe the proportion of initiators with opioid tolerance (defined as ≥7 days of 60 MME in the prior 14 days). We adjusted for age, sex, year of initiation, and baseline comorbidities using inverse probability of treatment weighted Cox proportional hazards models. We estimated adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the effect of opioid tolerance on the risk of clinically recognized opioid poisoning (based on diagnosis codes) in specific periods (0‐7, 8‐30, 31‐90, and 91‐365 days) following initiation.ResultsAmong 372 038 initiators, 38% did not meet opioid tolerance criteria. The proportion of nontolerant initiators was highest among those initiating methadone (44%) and fentanyl (42%). Nontolerant patients were 37% more likely to be diagnosed with opioid poisoning (adjusted hazard ratios = 1.37 [1.07, 1.76]) in the week following ER/LA initiation.ConclusionsOver one‐third of patients initiating ≥90 MME ER/LA opioids did not have evidence of opioid tolerance. The 7 days following high dose ER/LA initiation may represent a high‐risk period for clinically diagnosed opioid poisoning in patients who do not have prior opioid tolerance.
Direct Monitoring of Fucosylated Glycopeptides of Alpha‐Fetoprotein in Human Serum for Early Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry with Immunoprecipitation
Authors: Kim Kwang Hoe , Lee Soo‐Youn , Hwang Heeyoun , Lee Ju Yeon , Ji Eun Sun , An Hyun Joo , Kim Jin Young , Yoo Jong Shin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPurpose: Alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) is a widely used serological marker that is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although the level of AFP is increased in HCC, its sensitivity for diagnosis is poor because AFP levels are also increased in liver diseases. Changes in glycoform, especially fucosylation, have been reported to be associated with the development of HCC.Experimental design: The authors introduce the monitoring of fucosylated glycopeptides by liquid chromatography (LC)‐mass spectrometry (MS) combined with immunoprecipitation, where glycan‐cleaved fragments with an amino acid sequence are used as transitions. Furthermore, neuraminidase for desialylation is useful to improve the MS detection limit (limit of detection [LOD] <2 ng mL−1) in 0.1 μL of serum.Results: The performance of the relative percentage of fucosylated AFP (AFP‐fuc%) for differentiating between early HCC and cirrhosis is better than that of serum AFP levels as indicated by a greater area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (area under the curve = 0.962 vs. 0.628) and sensitivity (92.3% vs. 53.9%), respectively. Furthermore, the inter‐ and intraday repeatability of AFP‐fuc% in serum is less than 2.1%.Conclusions and clinical relevance: These findings suggest that glycopeptide‐based LC‐MS/MS is a promising method and that AFP‐fuc% is a clinically useful parameter for differentiating between early HCC and liver cirrhosis.
A network meta‐analysis provides new insight into fungicide scheduling for the control of Botrytis cinerea in vineyards
Authors: González‐Domínguez Elisa , Fedele Giorgia , Caffi Tito , Delière Laurent , Sauris Pierre , Gramaje David , Ramos‐Saez de Ojer José Luis , Díaz‐Losada Emilia , Díez‐Navajas Ana M , Bengoa Paul , Rossi Vittorio 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDControl of Botrytis bunch rot (BBR) is currently based on the application of fungicides at four timings corresponding to specific growth stages of vines: end of flowering (A), pre‐bunch closure (B), veraison (C) and before harvest (D). The current research provides a network meta‐analysis of 116 studies conducted between 1963 and 2016 in nine countries, in which 14 strategies (based on combinations of 1, 2, 3, or 4 sprays applied in A, B, C, and/or D) were compared.RESULTSWhen a one‐spray strategy was applied, BBR control was more effective with sprays applied in A, C, or D than B. With a two‐spray strategy, strategy AC provided similar control as strategy BC; strategy CD also provided good control. For a 3‐spray strategy, the best disease control was consistently obtained with strategy ACD. Four‐spray strategy ABCD provided the best control but often involved needless sprays so that the routine application of four sprays is not justified.CONCLUSIONSSpraying at timing A seems to be very important for achieving efficient and flexible disease control. Flexibility is reduced by spraying at timing B rather than A. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Differentiation of Pythium spp. from vegetable crops with molecular markers and sensitivity to azoxystrobin and mefenoxam
Authors: Matić Slavica , Gilardi Giovanna , Gisi Ulrich , Gullino Maria Lodovica , Garibaldi Angelo 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDPythium species attack various vegetable crops causing seed, stem and root rot, and ‘damping‐off’ after germination. Pythium diseases are prevalently controlled by two classes of fungicides, QoIs with azoxystrobin and phenlyamides with mefenoxam as representatives. The present study aimed to test the sensitivity of six Pythium species from different vegetable crops to azoxystrobin and mefenoxam and differentiating species based on ITS, cytochrome b and RNA polymerase I gene sequences.RESULTSThe inter‐ and intra‐species sensitivity to azoxystrobin was found to be stable, with the exception of one Pythium paroecandrum isolate, which showed reduced sensitivity and two cytochrome b amino acid changes. For mefenoxam, the inter‐species sensitivity was quite variable and many resistant isolates were found in all six Pythium species, but no RNA polymerase I amino acid changes were observed in them. ITS and cytochrome b phylogenetic analyses permitted a clear separation of Pythium species corresponding to globose‐ and filamentous‐sporangia clusters.CONCLUSIONThe results document the necessity of well‐defined chemical control strategies adapted to different Pythium species. Since the intrinsic activity of azoxystrobin among species was stable and no resistant isolates were found, it may be applied without species differentiation, provided it is used preventatively to also control highly aggressive isolates. For a reliable use of mefenoxam, precise identification and sensitivity tests of Pythium species are crucial because its intrinsic activity is variable and resistant isolates may exist. Appropriate mixtures and/or alternation of products may help to further delay resistance development. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Derivatization for detection of abscisic acid and 12‐oxo‐phytodienoic acid using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry
Authors: Enomoto Hirofumi , Sensu Takuya , Yumoto Emi , Yokota Takao , Yamane Hisakazu 
Published: June 2018

RationaleAbscisic acid (ABA) and 12‐oxo‐phytodienoic acid (OPDA) play crucial roles in seed development. However, because of their low ionization efficiencies, visualization by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI‐IMS) has been difficult. In this study, we used on‐tissue chemical derivatization (OTCD) with the derivatization reagent Girard's T (GirT) in MALDI‐IMS to visualize ABA and OPDA.MethodsImmature Phaseolus vulgaris L. seeds were homogenized, and frozen homogenate sections were prepared using a cryostat. The concentration of the trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and spray volume of the GirT solution were optimized using the homogenate sections. Immature seed sections were prepared using a cryostat, and the OTCD efficiency under optimal conditions was measured using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). The GirT solution was sprayed on the seed sections, and then MALDI‐IMS was performed.ResultsThe optimal TFA concentration and spray volume were 2% and 500 μL, respectively. The OTCD efficiency rates were 61 ± 10% for ABA and 45 ± 5% for OPDA. The peaks corresponding to GirT‐derivatized ABA (ABA‐GirT) and OPDA (OPDA‐GirT) standards were detected on the optimal OTCD‐treated seed sections. ABA‐GirT was mainly distributed in the embryo, while OPDA‐GirT was localized in the external structures. These results are in agreement with our previously published results.ConclusionsOur results show that ABA and OPDA in the immature seeds were exactly visualized using OTCD with GirT in MALDI‐IMS. Therefore, OTCD with GirT in MALDI‐IMS is a promising technique for future research on the biological roles of ABA and OPDA in various immature seeds.
Matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry of model prebiotic peptides: Optimization of sample preparation
Authors: English Sloane L. , Forsythe Jay G. 
Published: June 2018

RationaleDepsipeptides, or peptides with a mixture of amide and ester linkages, may have evolved into peptides on primordial Earth. Previous studies on depsipeptides utilized electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time‐of‐flight (ESI‐IM‐QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry; such analysis was thorough yet time‐consuming. Here, a complementary matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight (MALDI‐TOF) approach was optimized for rapid characterization of depsipeptide length and monomer composition.MethodsDepsipeptide mixtures of varying hydrophobicity were formed by subjecting aqueous mixtures of α‐hydroxy acids and α‐amino acids to evaporative cycles. Ester and amide content of depsipeptides was orthogonally confirmed using infrared spectroscopy. MALDI‐TOF MS analysis was performed on a Voyager DE‐STR in reflection geometry and positive ion mode. Optimization parameters included choice of matrix, sample solvent, matrix‐to‐analyte ratio, and ionization additives.ResultsIt was determined that evaporated depsipeptide samples should be mixed with 2,5‐dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) matrix in order to detect the highest number of unique signals. Low matrix‐to‐analyte ratios were found to generate higher quality spectra, likely due to a combination of matrix suppression and improved co‐crystallization. Using this optimized protocol, a new depsipeptide mixture was characterized.ConclusionsUnderstanding the diversity and chemical evolution of proto‐peptides is of interest to origins‐of‐life research. Here, we have demonstrated MALDI‐TOF MS can be used to rapidly screen the length and monomer composition of model prebiotic peptides containing a mixture of ester and amide backbone linkages.
Direct determination of molecular weight distribution of calf‐thymus DNAs and study of their fragmentation under ultrasonic and low‐energy infrared irradiations. A charge detection mass spectrometry investigation
Authors: Halim Mohammad A. , Bertorelle Franck , Doussineau Tristan , Antoine Rodolphe 
Published: June 2018

RationaleCalf‐thymus (CT‐DNA) is widely used as a binding agent. The commercial samples are known to be “highly polymerized DNA” samples. CT‐DNA is known to be fragile in particular upon ultrasonic wave irradiation. Degradation products could have dramatic consequences on its bio‐sensing activity, and an accurate determination of the molecular weight distribution and stability of commercial samples is highly demanded.MethodsWe investigated the sensitivity of charge detection mass spectrometry (CDMS), a single‐molecule MS method, both with single‐pass and ion trap CDMS (“Benner” trap) modes to the determination of the composition and stability (under multiphoton IR irradiation) of calf‐thymus DNAs. We also investigated the changes in molecular weight distributions in the course of sonication by irradiating ultrasonic waves to CT‐DNA.ResultsWe report, for the first time, the direct molecular weight (MW) distribution of DNA sodium salt from calf‐thymus revealing two populations at high (~10 MDa) and low (~3 MDa) molecular weights. We evidence a transition between the high‐MW to the low‐MW distribution, confirming that the low‐MW distribution results from degradation of CT‐DNA. Finally, we report also IRMPD experiments carried out on trapped single‐stranded linear DNAs from calf‐thymus allowing extraction of their activation energy for unimolecular dissociation.ConclusionsWe show that single‐pass CDMS is a direct, efficient and accurate MS‐based approach to determine the composition of calf‐thymus DNAs. Furthermore, ion trap CDMS allows us to evaluate the stability (both under multiphoton IR irradiation and in the course of sonication by irradiating ultrasonic wave) of calf‐thymus DNAs.
Structural state of stress analysis of concrete‐filled stainless steel tubular short columns
Authors: Shi Jun , Li Pengcheng , Chen Weizhen , Zheng Kaikai , Zhou Guangchun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAnalyse der statischen Spannungszustände von kurzen betongefüllten Rundstützen aus Edelstahl. Unter Anwendung der Theorie der statischen Spannungszustände werden im vorliegenden Beitrag die experimentellen Untersuchungen zum Arbeitsverhalten kurzer betongefüllter Rundstützen aus Edelstahl (CFSST) behandelt. Zur Beschreibung des statischen Spannungszustands wird zunächst die Summe der GSED (Generalized Strain Energy Density)‐Werte (Eij) der Kurzstütze bei jedem Lastwert (Fj) als Ej,norm standardisiert. Anschließend wird der stark ansteigende Spannungszustand, unter Beachtung des Gesetzes von quantitativer Veränderung zu qualitativer Veränderung, durch Anwendung des Mann‐Kendall (M‐K)‐Kriteriums auf die Ej,norm‐Fj‐Kurve herausgearbeitet. Die Untersuchung zeigt die allgemeinen Charakteristiken der Veränderungen des Spannungszustandes von kurzen Stützen bei bestimmten Einzellasten, was die Präzisierung der Versagenslast ermöglicht. Darüber hinaus wird nachgewiesen, dass das simulative Arbeitsverhalten kurzer Stützen die Spannungszustände widerspiegeln kann, die sich aus den experimentellen Daten ergeben. Daher werden die Bedingungen der Versagenslasten von kurzen CFSST‐Stützen unter Verwendung der simulativen Daten formuliert und diese durch experimentelle und simulative Daten validiert. Insgesamt untersucht diese Studie eine neue Möglichkeit zur Erkennung unsichtbarer Arbeitseigenschaften von Tragwerken. Im Idealfall gibt sie Anlass zu entsprechenden Untersuchungen verschiedener Tragwerke, sodass die Ergebnisse zu einer Verbesserung der Bemessungsvorschrift führen können.