bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Giving combined medium‐chain fatty acids and glucose protects against cancer‐associated skeletal muscle atrophy
Authors: Mori Takuya , Ohmori Hitoshi , Luo Yi , Mori Shiori , Miyagawa Yoshihiro , Nukaga Shota , Goto Kei , Fujiwara‐Tani Rina , Kishi Shingo , Sasaki Takamitsu , Fujii Kiyomu , Kawahara Isao , Kuniyasu Hiroki 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSkeletal muscle volume is associated with prognosis of cancer patients. Maintenance of skeletal muscle is an essential concern in cancer treatment. In nutritional intervention, it is important to focus on differences in metabolism between tumor and skeletal muscle. We examined the influence of oral intake of glucose (0%, 10%, 50%) and 2% medium‐chain fatty acid (lauric acid, LAA, C12:0) on tumor growth and skeletal muscle atrophy in mouse peritoneal metastasis models using CT26 mouse colon cancer cells and HT29 human colon cancer cells. After 2 weeks of experimental breeding, skeletal muscle and tumor were removed and analyzed. Glucose intake contributed to prevention of skeletal muscle atrophy in a sugar concentration‐dependent way and also promoted tumor growth. LAA ingestion elevated the level of skeletal muscle protein and suppressed tumor growth by inducing tumor‐selective oxidative stress production. When a combination of glucose and LAA was ingested, skeletal muscle mass increased and tumor growth was suppressed. Our results confirmed that although glucose is an important nutrient for the prevention of skeletal muscle atrophy, it may also foster tumor growth. However, the ingestion of LAA inhibited tumor growth, and its combination with glucose promoted skeletal muscle integrity and function, without stimulating tumor growth. These findings suggest novel strategies for the prevention of skeletal muscle atrophy.
Factors influencing marginal bone loss at a hydrophilic implant design placed with or without GBR procedures: A 5‐year retrospective study
Authors: Zumstein Thomas , Schütz Silvio , Sahlin Herman , Sennerby Lars 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundOngoing marginal bone loss is a threat to the longevity of implant‐supported prostheses.AimThe aim of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate the survival rate and factors affecting marginal bone levels at a hydrophilic implant design after 5 years in function.Materials and MethodsThe study group consisted of 51 consecutive patients previously treated with 159 hydrophilic implants (Neoss Straight Proactive implants) and scheduled for annual check‐ups with clinical and radiographic examinations during 5 years. Data were compiled for the entire study population as well as for two subgroups: one where guided bone regeneration (GBR) was performed (91 implants) and the other where no GBR procedures (68 implants) were performed. Marginal bone levels were measured from peri‐apical radiographs taken at placement and annual follow‐ups. Statistical analyses were applied to evaluate the effect of different factors on marginal bone remodeling.ResultsTwo implant failures, one from each subgroup, occurred during the first year of function resulting in an overall cumulative survival rate (CSR) of 98.7% after 5 years of loading. The mean marginal bone loss amounted to 0.7 ± 0.7 mm after 1 year and 0.8 ± 0.6 mm after 5 years. No implants showed more than 3 mm bone loss after 5 years. Age, gender, implant position, biotype, implant diameter, implant length, indication, surgical/loading protocol, and ISQ at prosthesis delivery were found to affect bone remodeling. No significant differences or correlations were seen for smoking, jaw, bone quantity, bone quality, GBR, sinus lift, and ISQ at implant placement.ConclusionsThe present implant design performed well with few failures and minimal marginal bone loss after 5 years of loading. Marginal bone remodeling at implants is a complex phenomenon, which is affected by many patient‐, procedure‐, and implant‐related factors that need to be further investigated.
Forkhead box B2 inhibits the malignant characteristics of the pancreatic cancer cell line Panc‐1 in vitro
Authors: Fukuchi Hiroki , Hayashida Yukinobu , Inoue Kunio , Sadamura Yoshifusa 
Published: August 2019

AbstractForkhead box (FOX) proteins constitute a family of transcription factors that are evolutionarily conserved in various species ranging from yeast to humans. These proteins have functions during development as well as in adulthood. To date, many reports have described the functions of FOX family genes in cancer cells, but the role of FOXB2 is not well understood. In one of the pancreas ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines, Panc‐1 cells, we showed here that FOXB2 expression is barely detectable and that CpG islands in the 5′ regions of the FOXB2 are highly methylated. These findings led us to hypothesize that FOXB2 acts as a tumor suppressor. To clarify our hypotheses, we investigated the effects of FOXB2 over‐expression in Panc‐1 cells. We obtained FOXB2 stable transfectants, and these clones exhibited reduced spheroid formation ability. Expression of β‐catenin, which is reported to be over‐expressed in various cancer cells, was highly suppressed in FOXB2 stable transfectants. Moreover, side population (SP) cell fractions, which have a high tumorigenesis and metastatic potential, as well as anchorage‐independent growth ability, were reduced. These results suggest that FOXB2 has the ability to inhibit the malignant characteristics of Panc‐1 in vitro.
Lack of effectiveness of adherence counselling in reversing virological failure among patients on long‐term antiretroviral therapy in rural Uganda
Authors: Birungi J , Cui Z , Okoboi S , Kapaata A , Munderi P , Mukajjanga C , Nanfuka M , Nyonyintono MS , Kim J , Zhu J , Kaleebu P , Moore DM 
Published: August 2019

ObjectivesThe current World Health Organization and Uganda Ministry of Health HIV treatment guidelines recommend that asymptomatic patients who have a viral load (VL) ≥ 1000 HIV‐1 RNA copies/mL should receive adherence counselling and repeat VL testing before switching to second‐line therapy. We evaluated the effectiveness of this strategy in a large HIV treatment programme of The AIDS Support Organisation Jinja in Jinja, Uganda.MethodsWe measured the HIV VL at enrolment, and for participants with VL ≥ 1000 copies/mL we informed them of their result, offered enhanced adherence counselling and repeated the VL measurement after 3 months. All blood samples with VL ≥ 1000 copies/mL were sequenced in the polymerase (pol) region, a 1257‐bp fragment spanning the protease and reverse transcriptase genes.ResultsOne thousand and ninety‐one participants were enrolled in the study; 74.7% were female and the median age was 44 years [interquartile range (IQR) 39–50 years]. The median time on antiretroviral therapy (ART) at enrolment was 6.75 years (IQR 5.3–7.6 years) and the median CD4 cell count was 494 cells/μL (IQR 351–691 cells/μL). A total of 113 participants (10.4%) had VLs ≥ 1000 copies/mL and were informed of the VL result and its implications and given adherence counselling. Of these 113 participants, 102 completed 3 months of follow‐up and 93 (91%) still had VLs ≥ 1000 copies/mL. We successfully genotyped HIV for 105 patients (93%) and found that 103 (98%) had at least one mutation: eight (7.6%) had only one mutation, 94 (89.5%) had two mutations and one sample (1%) had three mutations.ConclusionsIn this study, enhanced adherence counselling was not effective in reversing virologically defined treatment failure for patients on long‐term ART who had not previously had a VL test.
Structural and ESR studies of Cu‐doped ZnO nanostructures
Authors: Guler Adil 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSurface morphology, structural phases, and electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements were performed for Zn1‐xCuxO nanoparticles (x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, and 0.05) synthesized by sol‐gel method. The optimum annealing temperature (600°C) and weight loss was clarified using differential thermal analysis (DTA), and thermo gravimetric analysis (TG). By means of X‐ray diffraction (XRD) technique, the phase of the samples was defined as single with ZnO wurtzite hexagonal structure and proofed by Rietveld analysis for Zn0.98Cu0.02O sample with calculating c/a rate. Spherical shape random particle distributions were observed in all scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurements. ESR measurements were conducted for all samples and g‐value and ΔH (G) values were calculated and correlated from ESR measurements.
Effect of adding zein, soy protein isolate and whey protein isolate on the physicochemical and in vitro digestion of proso millet starch
Authors: Zheng Mingzhu , Xiao Yu , Yang Shuang , Liu Meihong , Feng Ling , Ren Yuhang , Yang Xinbiao , Lin Nan , Liu Jingsheng 
Published: August 2019

SummaryMixtures of proso millet starch with zein (15%, w/v), soy protein isolate (SPI, 15%, w/v) and whey protein isolate (WPI, 10%, w/v) as starch–protein composites were prepared through heat–moisture treatment, and the effects of protein addition on the physicochemical, structural and digestibility properties of starch were investigated. Rapid Visco Analysis showed that the addition of zein, SPI and WPI gave significantly decreased setback values to 240.7cp, 192.0cp and 83.0cp, respectively, and setback values decreased reflected the excellent cold paste properties. Thermal analysis showed that each protein reduced the enthalpy, but especially WPI (reduced by 94.7%), suggesting that the double helices of the starch granules were decreased. X‐ray diffraction showed that starch crystallinity was decreased after protein addition. The digestibility studies revealed that the addition of zein, SPI and WPI decreased the content of rapidly digestible starch and increased the resistant starch content to 8.4%, 14.6% and 17.5%, respectively. The whey protein displayed a more obvious impact on the digestibility of proso millet starch. These results will help guide the production and processing of starchy foods with desirable properties.
Influence of four different coagulants on the physicochemical properties, textural characteristics and flavour of tofu
Authors: Shi Yan‐guo , Yang Yang , Piekoszewski Wojciech , Zeng Jian‐hua , Guan Hua‐nan , Wang Bing , Liu Lin‐lin , Zhu Xiu‐qing , Chen Feng‐lian , Zhang Na 
Published: August 2019

SummaryThe coagulation mechanism and quality characteristics of tofu depend on the choice of coagulant. The effects of using magnesium chloride (MgCl2), calcium sulphate (CaSO4), glucono‐δ‐lactone (GDL) and fermented soybean whey (FSW) as coagulants for tofu were investigated using solid‐phase microextraction (SPME), two‐dimensional gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC×GC‐MS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and analysis of textural characteristics and physicochemical properties. Results showed that GDL tofu exhibited the highest yield (202 g 100 g−1) and moisture content (76.3%). FSW tofu had the highest protein content (18.5%), amino acid content (15.85%) and textural properties. GC×GC‐MS analysis revealed the number of 49, 44, 55 and 63 flavour substances, respectively. In sensory evaluation tests, GDL tofu was reported to possess a smooth surface and white colour. The microstructure of FSW tofu was dense and uniform. Through the above technical researches, the study suggested FSW gave tofu the best quality, more unique flavour and more potential popular among consumers.
Association study of copy number variants in CCL3L1, FCGR3A and FCGR3B genes with risk of ankylosing spondylitis in a West Algerian population
Authors: Dahmani Chahinez Amira , Benzaoui Ahmed , Amroun Habiba , Zemani‐Fodil Faouzia , Petit‐Teixeira Elisabeth , Boudjema Abdallah 
Published: August 2019

AbstractNumerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were explored in the Algerian population to evaluate associated ankylosing spondylitis (AS) genetic risk factors, but no study has identified the impact of copy number variations (CNVs). The aim of the study was to determine whether CNVs of CCL3L1, FCGR3A and FCGR3B genes were also associated with the susceptibility of AS disease in Algerian population. The data set of the current study is composed of 81 patients with AS and 119 healthy controls. All samples were genotyped by digital droplet PCR (ddPCR). Chi‐square test and OR calculation were used to evaluate association between CNVs and AS and the risk associated with copy numbers (CN). In results, FCGR3A CN less than two copies (<2) was significantly increased in spondylitis patients (p = .0001, OR = 7.74 [2.32–25.74]). Additionally, FCGR3A CN < 2 copies association was present only in HLA‐B27 (‐) patients. We have concluded that FCGR3A deletions have an independent effect on AS regarding HLA‐B27 status. This is the first study that investigated the CCL3L1 CNVs in relation to AS risk disease. It reveals that CCL3L1 and FCGR3B CNVs may not be involved in susceptibility to AS risk in the Algerian population.
Gut eosinophils and their impact on the mucus‐resident microbiota
Authors: Singh Gurdeep , Brass Andrew , Knight Christopher G. , Cruickshank Sheena M. 
Published: August 2019

SummaryThe gut has the largest commensal bacterial population in the body and its composition can be impacted by host factors such as production of immunoglobulin A (IgA). Eosinophils in the gut have been implicated in the production of antibacterial factors and maintenance of IgA‐secreting plasma cells. We used an eosinophil‐deficient mouse (∆dblGATA‐1−/−) and littermate controls to investigate the role of eosinophils in the regulation of the microbiota, with particular emphasis on mucus‐resident species in the small and large intestine. We found no differences in IgA production or IgA‐expressing plasma cells between naive littermates in the small or large intestine. However, denaturing gel gradient electrophoresis revealed differences in the bacterial communities of the mucus and stools between wild‐type mice and ∆dblGATA‐1−/− mice, with the greatest separation between the mucus microbial communities. Mucus‐resident bacteria in ∆dblGATA‐1−/− mice had reduced diversity in the mucus compared with the stools. A quantitative PCR panel of selected bacteria showed that the most significant differences in the microbiota were between mucus‐resident bacteria and those in stool, such as the abundance of Clostridiales and Bacteroides. Our data implicate eosinophils in the regulation of the microbiota, especially the bacteria most hyperlocal to the gut barrier. Although we see differences between host genotypes in the overall microbial communities, further work is required to establish specifically which bacteria are different between these groups. Most importantly, the data revealed that the mucus and stool microbiota are discrete communities. Stool analysis alone may be insufficient to comprehensively explore and define the role of the gut microbiota in health and disease.
Estimates of influenza‐associated hospitalisations in tropical Singapore, 2010‐2017: Higher burden estimated in more recent years
Authors: Ng Yixiang , Chua Lily Ai Vee , Ma Stefan , Jian Ming Lee Vernon 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundWe previously estimated Singapore's influenza‐associated hospitalisation rate for pneumonia and influenza (P&I) in 2010‐2012 to be 29.6 per 100 000 person‐years, which corresponds to 11.2% of all P&I hospitalisations.ObjectivesThis study aims to update Singapore's estimates of the influenza‐associated pneumonia and influenza (P&I) hospitalisation burden using the latest data from 2010 to 2017.MethodsWe estimated the number of P&I hospitalisations associated with influenza using generalised additive models. We specified the weekly number of admissions for P&I and the weekly influenza positivity in the models, along with potential confounders such as weekly respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) positivity and meteorological data.ResultsIn 2010‐2017, 16.3% of all P&I hospitalisations in Singapore were estimated to be attributed to influenza, corresponding to an excess influenza‐associated P&I hospitalisation rate of 50.1 per 100 000 person‐years. Higher excess rates were estimated for children aged 0‐4 years (186.8 per 100 000 person‐years) and elderly aged ≥ 65 years (338.0 per 100 000 person‐years). Higher influenza‐associated hospitalisation rates were estimated for 2016 and 2017 (67.9 and 75.1 per 100 000 persons, respectively) years when the influenza A(H3N2) subtype was dominant.ConclusionInfluenza burden in Singapore has increased since 2010. Influenza vaccination programmes should continue to be prioritised for the young and the elderly.
Comment to “Continuous‐wave laser irradiation to form Cd1−xZnxSe shell on CdSe QDs in silicate glasses” (J. Amer. Ceram. Soc. 102, 4555‐4561 (2019))
Authors: Azhniuk Yuriy M. , Gomonnai Alexander V. , Lopushansky Vasyl V. , Zahn Dietrich R. T. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe paper by Lee et al (J Am Ceram Soc 102:4555‐4561, 2019) reports on semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) obtained in a silicate glass matrix by a novel modification of the solid‐state precipitation technique and characterized by a variety of techniques. Based on their experimental data, we critically discuss their assessment of the QDs obtained as CdSe/Cd1−xZnxSe core/shell structures. By analyzing their results (in particular, Raman scattering data) and comparing them to other data available in literature, we show that the data presented give no evidence for the formation of core/shell structures and conclude that the authors obtained rather homogeneous Cd1−xZnxSe QDs without any noticeable compositional gradient.
High‐recoverable energy‐storage density and dielectric tunability in Eu3+‐doped NBT‐xSTO binary solid solution films
Authors: Huang Wenhua , Thatikonda Santhosh Kumar , Ke Yifu , Du Xingru , Qin Ni , Hao Aize , Bao Dinghua 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe Eu3+‐doped (1 − x)Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3‐xSrTiO3 (Eu‐NBT‐xSTO) thin films were prepared on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates. Raman analysis reveals that the phase structure may undergo a phase evolution of rhombohedral → rhombohedral + tetragonal (morphotropic phase boundary) → tetragonal with increasing content of STO. The scanning electron microscopy images show that the uniformity and high density of Eu‐NBT‐xSTO films were increased by adding STO, resulting in a pronounced effect on energy storage properties. The ɛ‐T curves confirm that a high phase transition diffuseness of γ = 2.02 ± 0.03 and 1.98 ± 0.03 was achieved in Eu‐NBT‐0.24STO and Eu‐NBT‐0.3STO films, respectively. Furthermore, a large recoverable energy storage density of 31.5 J cm−3 with an efficiency of 64% was obtained in Eu‐NBT‐0.3STO film, which also exhibited good thermal stability in the temperature range between −60°C and 80°C as well as long‐term stability up to 1 × 108 switching cycles. These results suggest that the Eu‐NBT‐xSTO films may be used in the novel and advanced energy storage capacitors.
Modelling Experiential Knowledge Ethically: An Artefact‐Based Approach to Visually Documenting a Participatory Design Process with Young People
Authors: McAra Marianne 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article contributes to the growing debate within art and design education research about the role, legitimacy and accountability of artefacts in the creation and generation of knowledge. I present an artefact‐based approach to visually documenting and disseminating my doctoral practice‐based fieldwork that protected the anonymity of the participants whilst supporting my exploration of the situational, interactional and tacit dimensions of participation. Constructing a three‐dimensional scaled model of the fieldwork setting and using narratives from my field notes, I undertook a cyclical reflective process where I reconstructed critical moments that took place. This was used as both a tool for communicating my participatory design educational practice and for evaluating my findings with the participants. By sharing this sense‐making process, I offer an ethical means of visually documenting fieldwork when working in sensitive contexts and with vulnerable participants, setting out the dual role this design artefact played as both a producer and carrier of experiential knowledge.
The Project ‘Art for Learning Art’ in Contemporary Art Museums
Authors: Roldan Joaquin , Lara‐Osuna Rocio , Gonzalez‐Torre Antonio 
Published: August 2019

AbstractProjection‐based augmented reality and virtual reality are used in a visual arts‐based educational project in contemporary art museums from an a/r/tographic perspective. The project ‘Art for Learning Art’ (in Spanish, Arte para aprender arte), at the Museo CajaGRANADA in Granada (Spain) has been developed in collaboration with the University of Granada since 2013. We have employed creative, educational and research methodologies inspired by exhibited works in art museums to encourage visual feedback of visitors participating in collaborative installations. Two such experiences also were produced at the Tate Liverpool Gallery and Museum in March 2018; utilising the methodology of mediation through projection‐based augmented reality and virtual reality, which introduces facets of visual and physical experience that alter the whole experience for the museum's public. By putting on virtual reality headsets, and playing with physical movements, we generate images and change the projections in the museum using projection‐based augmented reality to disrupt the way the public typically moves in the museum. The purpose of the developed interrelations with artworks in the Museo CajaGRANADA and the Tate Liverpool Gallery and Museum was to create collaborative digital images by playing with select artworks exhibited in the museums’ collections. We use this kind of mediation in art museums to develop a visual understanding to provoke learning about art through art creation in a contemporary way. The results are extraordinary as images; they are collaborative artworks, which connect visually with the artworks in the exhibition.
Contested Latitudes: When is Artwork Scholarship?
Authors: Sinner Anita 
Published: August 2019

Abstract"Artwork scholarship" is defined in this context as a forum for inquiry that involves artful expressions, innovative experimentation and critical propositions informed by aesthetic characteristics as well as customary approaches for the advancement of the arts and education. ‘Latitudes’ in turn take into account the adaptations of artful expressions for educational purposes and the contributions of ongoing critique of art as scholarship. If we deliberate on the pedagogic turn to art as research in tandem with a disposition of latitudes, embracing the tensions of ongoing contestations implicated in such evolving conceptual geographies, arts‐based educational research (ABER) becomes a means to negotiate activities that articulate when is artwork scholarship, rather than what is art as research. In this way, latitudes as a proposition – metaphorically, pedagogically and spatially – is a potential mode for the mapping of theoretical, methodological and practical scholarly encounters, embracing the very tension that the arts evoke, and in the course of so doing, makes such work emergent and inclusive of creative possibilities.