bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Ovarian Tumors With Histopathological Correlation: A Revisit to Borderline Category
Authors: Hasan Zoya , Singh Meeta , Singh Jyoti , Chellani Gautam , Nisam Irfana , Rakheja Garima , Jain Shyama , Khurana Nita , Mandal Shramana , Rathi Arun K. , Mala Yedla M. , Batra Radhika 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) comprise 15%–20% of all ovarian epithelial malignancies. The majority of them are serous tumors followed by mucinous tumors. Pre-operative cytological diagnosis plays an important role with histopathology being the gold standard. The present study aimed to assess the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of cytology in the diagnosis of epithelial ovarian tumors with special emphasis on the cytologically borderline category.

Materials and Methods:
The present study was conducted in our institute over five years from January 2017 to December 2022. This was a retrospective study and included 92 patients with ovarian masses who were subjected to ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) as a preliminary diagnostic procedure. Cytology smears were examined and categorized as benign, borderline, and malignant. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy were assessed considering histopathology as the gold standard.

Results:
In the present study, 92 ovarian FNA cytology were performed. Aspirates were adequate in all but 10 cases. Out of 82 cases, 75 were epithelial tumors. Twelve cases of BOTs were compiled and cytological findings were assessed.

Conclusion:
To conclude, diagnosis of BOTs on cytology is difficult, however, aspiration from multiple sites from the lesion, critical cytomorphological assessment, and cell-block preparation with immunocytochemistry/immunohistochemistry can overcome the pitfalls.
Inter- and Intra-observer Reproducibility of Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology: An investigation of Bethesda 2023 Using Immunohistochemical BRAFV600E Antibody
Authors: Bahattin Erdogan , Emine Dündar , Kısmet Çivi Çetin , Fatih Yılmaz 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytology (TBSRTC) recommended for the interpretation of needle aspiration cytology of the thyroid, is the most widely used worldwide. Studies have shown that the disagreement between observers, especially in the Bethesda III and IV diagnostic categories, is not insignificant at 10%–40%. In the TBSRTC 2023 version, some definitions were removed and simplified, and molecular pathology was proposed as a complement to cytopathology. The current availability of molecular tests is limited because they can be performed in a few centers and are expensive. Therefore, our study investigated intra- and inter-observer agreement according to TBSRTC 2023 using only immunohistochemically BRAFV600E antibodies.

Materials and Methods:
The study included 173 cases with aspiration cytology evaluated between 2019 and 2022. The immunohistochemical procedure applied BRAFV600E (RM8) monoclonal antibody to cell block sections. All slides were assessed and categorized by three different observers. Data were interpreted using Cohen’s kappa and Fleiss’s kappa test in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences Windows 2021 program.

Results:
For the applied RM8 antibody, sensitivity was 64.71% and specificity was 87.27%. In terms of diagnostic categories, inter-observer agreement was good for Bethesda II (K = 0.606) and moderate for Bethesda III (K = 0.429), Bethesda IV (K = 0.523), Bethesda V (K = 0,464), and Bethesda VI (K = 0.544), respectively.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the study reveals that the 2023 version of TBSRTC provides improvement, especially in the categories of uncertain diagnosis, but is still insufficient to improve cytological diagnostic accuracy, at which point molecular analyses become even more important.
Fall from Height in Pediatric Age Group: A Retrospective Review from a Tertiary Neurosurgical Center in India
Authors: Arumalla Kirit , Kulkarni Akshay , Sadashiva Nishanth , Konar Subhas , Singh Gyani Jail , Gopalakrishna Nanjundaiah , Saini Jitender , Nadeem Mohammad , Shukla Dhaval , Devi Bhagavatula Indira 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Unintentional falls from height are a major cause of pediatric traumatic injury. This retrospective study investigated the characteristics, clinic-radiological features, and associated outcomes in a tertiary referral neurosurgical center.

Materials and Methods:
This study is a retrospective review of children below 16 years who presented to our neurosurgery referral center from January 2018 to 2019 with a history of fall from height. The demographic data, clinical parameters at presentation, imaging findings, clinical status at discharge, and outcome at the follow-up period were analyzed.

Results:
Of the 1,310 children with a history of neurotrauma, 520 (39.7%) of them had a history of fall from height, among which 67% were falls from short height. The mean age was 5.99 ± 4.9 years. Of these 82.8% of children had mild, 13.8% moderate, and 3.2% had severe head injury. The imaging findings were normal in 59%, subgaleal hematoma in 18.6%, extradural hematoma in 9.9%, and spinal injuries in 1.4%. The regression analysis showed age, gender, the height of the fall, loss of consciousness, and seizure as predictors of the severity of the head injury. The Median Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended at the follow-up period was one. About 2.3% of children had mortality within 1 week after the injury. The midline shift and associated injury had a significant impact on the outcome.

Conclusion:
In our retrospective study age, gender, height of fall, loss of consciousness, and seizures were associated with the severity of head injury. The presence of midline shift and other associated injuries was associated with the outcome at follow-up.
Pharmacology and Articular Cartilage Regeneration: A New Strategy for Osteoarthritis
Authors: John P.S. , John Ann M. , Varghese Ruby , Lamrood Prasad Y. , Varghese Nibu , Dalvi Yogesh B. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Osteoarthrosis is a slowly progressive, multifactorial, and non-inflammatory degenerative disease affecting synovial joints and is typically associated with aging or previous joint damage.

Method:
Fifty male Sprague Dawley rats were utilized in the study and divided into five groups, with ten rats in each group. The experiment was divided into two phases: in Phase 1, ten animals received 50 μL of saline in the left tibiotarsal joint and served as the control group (SAL), while the other four groups (n = 40) received a single dose of 50 μL complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) to induce monoarthritis. In Phase II, after the induction of monoarthritis, from the fourth week onward, the rats in the four CFA-induced monoarthritis groups were treated with 20 μl of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA), serotonin (SERO), or a neurotransmitter cocktail (NTC) which were given intra-articularly once for three consecutive weeks, while one group was kept as an experimental control. The animals were monitored throughout the experiment, for ankle diameter, gait, and radiological assessment, and were then euthanized and subjected to histopathological evaluation at the conclusion of the study.

Results:
The study found that there were statistically significant differences in the degree of inflammation between the CFA group and the groups treated with GABA, SERO, and NTC. The CFA group exhibited the most severe and persistent inflammation, whereas the NTC group showed a milder and shorter inflammatory response than the control group (SAL). In terms of gait score, the NTC treatment resulted in a significant reduction in score compared to the treatments with GABA and SERO administered separately. The radiological scores revealed that NTC was the most effective treatment in mitigating radiographic evidence of joint damage, with a significant decrease in bone destruction. The histopathological examination showed that the NTC group had minimal tissue damage or inflammation and had a regenerative effect compared to the other treatment groups.

Conclusions:
In conclusion, the local administration of neurotransmitters was found to be effective in reversing inflammation, improving gait score, and mitigating radiological changes in CFA-induced arthritis in the murine model.
Pediatric cataract surgery in congenital anterior segment dysmorphology: An overview
Authors: Chattannavar Goura , Lasrado Adeline Shona , Kekunnaya Ramesh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The purpose is to highlight the surgical modifications that are undertaken for a safe cataract surgery when associated with anterior segment dysmorphology. Surgical modifications that are undertaken in a case of congenital cataract complicated with congenital anterior segment dysmorphology such as microcornea, congenital corneal opacity, aniridia, anterior and posterior lenticonus of the lens, and persistent fetal vasculature are described. Careful preoperative assessment is crucial to anticipate and plan for intraoperative and postoperative challenges that may arise during cataract surgery in the presence of anterior segment dysmorphology. Surgical adjustments in cataract surgery when associated with anterior segment dysmorphology should be tailored to each individual case and the surgeon’s expertise.
On elements of prescribed norm in maximal orders of a quaternion algebra
Authors: Goren Eyal Z. , Love Jonathan R. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Let

$\mathcal {O}$

be a maximal order in the quaternion algebra over

$\mathbb Q$

ramified at p and

$\infty $

. We prove two theorems that allow us to recover the structure of

$\mathcal {O}$

from limited information. The first says that for any infinite set S of integers coprime to p,

$\mathcal {O}$

is spanned as a

${\mathbb {Z}}$

-module by elements with norm in S. The second says that

$\mathcal {O}$

is determined up to isomorphism by its theta function.
Forecasting Accuracy through Machine Learning in Supply Chain Management
Authors: Mohammed Irshadullah , Mandal Joydeb 
Published: November 2024

Purpose: The use of machine learning (ML) techniques in economic and financial forecasting has gained significant attention due to their potential to improve the accuracy and robustness of predictions. This paper explores the application of various ML algorithms such as support vector machines, random forests, and deep learning models in forecasting economic variables, financial market trends, and macroeconomic indicators.
Methodology: We assess the forecasting accuracy of these models relative to traditional econometric approaches, including ARIMA and VAR models.
Findings: The analysis reveals that ML techniques, particularly deep learning, outperform classical methods in terms of predictive accuracy, especially in complex, nonlinear environments. We also discuss challenges associated with model interpretability, overfitting, and data quality, providing insights into how these limitations can be addressed.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how advanced machine learning can enhance forecasting methodologies, with implications for both theoretical modeling and practical applications in economic policy, risk management, and financial decision-making.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of transcatheter aortic valve implantation versus surgical aortic valve replacement in patients with severe aortic stenosis at low risk of surgical mortality in Sweden
Authors: Nilsson Konrad , James Stefan , Angerås Oskar , Backes Jenny , Bjursten Henrik , Candolfi Pascal , Götberg Mattias , Hagström Henrik , Malmberg Chiara , Nielsen Niels Erik , Sarmah Archita , Settergren Magnus , Bromilow Tom 
Published: November 2024

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has shown similar or improved clinical outcomes compared with surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis at low risk for surgical mortality. This cost-utility analysis compared TAVI with SAPIEN 3 versus SAVR in symptomatic severe aortic stenosis patients at low risk of surgical mortality from the perspective of the Swedish healthcare system.
Methods: A published, two-stage, Markov-based cost-utility model that captured clinical outcomes from the Swedish Web-system for Enhancement and Development of Evidence-based care in Heart disease Evaluated according to Recommended Therapies (SWEDEHEART) registry (2018–2020) was adapted from the perspective of the Swedish healthcare system using local general population mortality, utility and costs data. The model had a lifetime horizon. Model outputs included changes in direct healthcare costs and health-related quality of life from using TAVI as compared with SAVR.
Results: TAVI with SAPIEN 3 resulted in lifetime costs per patient of 940,541 Swedish krona (SEK) and lifetime quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) per patient of 7.16, whilst SAVR resulted in lifetime costs and QALYs per patient of 821,380 SEK and 6.81 QALYs, respectively. Compared with SAVR, TAVI offered an incremental improvement of +0.35 QALY per patient at an increased cost of +119,161 SEK per patient over a lifetime horizon, resulting in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of 343,918 SEK per QALY gained.
Conclusion: TAVI with SAPIEN 3 is a cost-effective option versus SAVR for patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis at low risk for surgical mortality treated in the Swedish healthcare setting. These findings may inform policy decisions in Sweden for the management of this patient group.
ВЛИЯНИЕ РЕКРЕАЦИОННЫХ НАГРУЗОК НА САНИТАРНОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ДРЕВОСТОЕВ В УСЛОВИЯХ ШАРТАШСКОГО ЛЕСНОГО ПАРКА
Authors: Ш.Э. Микеладзе , Н.П. Бунькова , А.А. Яковлева 
Published: November 2024

В статье приведены результаты динамики санитарного состояния сосновых древостоев в зависимости от влияния рекреационных нагрузок в условиях Шарташского лесного парка г. Екатеринбурга. Данные были получены на семи постоянных пробных площадях (ППП), заложенных Н. П. Буньковой в 2006 г. в сосняках ягодникового, разнотравного и черничного типов леса. Динамика санитарного состояния древостоев приведена за 2006 и 2023 гг. Учет посещаемости рекреантов в лесном парке проводился в летний, осенний, зимний и весенний периоды с 2006 по 2007 и с 2022 по 2023 гг. соответственно. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о том, что санитарное состояние древостоев за 17-летний период ухудшилось под воздействием рекреационной нагрузки.
The article presents the results of the dynamics of the sanitary condition of pine stands depending on the inﬂuence of recreational loads in the conditions of the Shartash Forest Park the city of Yekaterinburg. The data were obtained on seven permanent inventory plot (PIP) laid down by N. P. Bunkova in 2006 in the pine forests of berry, mixed grass and blueberry forest types. The dynamics of the sanitary condition of stands is given for 2006 and 2023. The registration of recreational visitors in the forest park was carried out in the summer, autumn, winter and spring periods from 2006 to 2007 and from 2022 to 2023, respectively. The data obtained indicate that the sanitary condition of the stands has deteriorated over a 17-year period under the inﬂuence of recreational stress.
Implementasi Manajemen Pendidikan Agama Kristen Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Boiliu Fredik , Handayani Sari 
Published: November 2024

Hasil belajar siswa sangat ditentukan oleh manajemen guru pendidikan agama Kristen dalam proses belajar mengajar. Tinggi atau rendah hasil belajar siswa tergantung pada cara guru dalam memenets proses belajar mengajar. Artinya untuk mencapai hasil belajar yang efektif dan efesien perlu manajemen yang baik. Namun pada kenyataannya, kurangnya manajemen yang efektif dari guru sehingga terjadi kemerosotan terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian bertujuan untuk guru menerapkan manajemen pendidikan agama Kristen dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam aspek kognitif, afektif dan psikomotorik. Penelitian menggunakan studi literatur sebagai pendekatan untuk mengidentifikasi masalah, mengumpulkan pustaka, dan melakukan penyaringan pustaka terhadap data yang diperoleh serta Teknik pengolahan data yang diperoleh akan disajikan dalam bentuk tabulasi dengan menganalisa. Hasil penelitian ini guru menerapan manajemen pendidikan agama Kristen yang mulai dari tahap perencanaan merencanakan sesuai dengan situasi dan kondisi serta kebutuhan siswa, pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang efektif, pengawasan pembelajaran, penilaian pembelajaran, dan evaluasi pembelajaran secara teratur
Analgesic Efficacy of Transversus Abdominis Plane block vs Local Infiltration of Lignocaine and Bupivacaine in Post-operative Patients
Authors: Ahmad Shabbir , Muhammad Kareemullah  , Mahmood Saeed , Alam Muhammad Azhar , Farooq Qasim , Muhammad Rashid  
Published: November 2024

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block vs Local Infiltration for pain management techniques in patients undergoing laparoscopic lower abdominal surgeries. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Surgery, Lahore General Hospital, from March to May, 2024. It involved a total of 110 patients, divided into two groups of 55 each, between the ages of 20 to 60 years, diagnosed with indirect inguinal hernia by ultrasound. Chronic smokers, drug addicts, intravenous drug abusers, patients with a history of previous surgeries, with known drug allergies and with complicated hernia were excluded from this cross-sectional study. The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) was used to see the pain variation and effectiveness of both techniques at 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours. Results: The mean age in the TAP Block Group was 32.0 ± 9.92 years, and the mean age in the Local Wound Infiltration Group was 34.21 ± 10.01 years. There were 108 (98.18%) male and 2(1.81%) female cases with a higher male-to-female ratio. The results indicated that the TAP Block group consistently required fewer rescue analgesic doses than the local wound Infiltration group at all postoperative time points. At 6 hours, 23.63% of patients in the TAP Block group needed additional analgesia, compared to 38.18% in the Wound Infiltration group, though this difference was not statistically significant. However, at 12, 18, and 24 hours, the TAP Block group showed a significantly lower need for rescue analgesia, with p-values of 0.002, and 0.008, respectively. Conclusion: In managing postoperative pain of Inguinal Hernia Repair, TAP Block is superior to Wound Infiltration of local anesthetic agent. After TAP Block NRS remains fewer and a smaller number of rescue doses are needed as compared to Wound infiltration.
Brief communication: Monitoring impending slope failure with very high-resolution spaceborne synthetic aperture radar
Authors: Manconi Andrea , Bühler Yves , Stoffel Andreas , Gaume Johan , Zhang Qiaoping , Tolpekin Valentyn 
Published: November 2024

Abstract. We demonstrate how high spatial and temporal resolution spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery can improve slope deformation monitoring. We process ICEYE data over the Brienz/Brinzauls slope instability in the Swiss Alps, where a catastrophic failure occurred on 15 June 2023. Image correlation applied to retrieve surface velocities shows results comparable to in situ measurements. Pre- and post-failure acquisitions used to map areas invaded by debris and to compute associated volumetric changes are in good agreement with photogrammetric data. This study sets the baseline for new-generation satellite SAR data aimed at providing timely information in landslide early warning scenarios.
“Zoppaccia, guercia e sbiobbina”. Letteratura e disabilità nelle novelle di Pirandello
Authors: Lorenzetti Sara 
Published: November 2024

L’articolo si propone di rileggere le Novelle per un anno di Pirandello secondo la prospettiva dei Disabilities Studies. La galleria di personaggi con svantaggio fisico o ritardo cognitivo presente nella raccolta lascia supporre che Pirandello interpreti un’istanza di maggiore realismo rispetto alla narrativa modernista, così come l’adozione di moduli di ascendenza verghiana sembra operare nella direzione di una ripresa della tradizione verista. In realtà, un’analisi dei testi porta invece alla luce come la tematizzazione della disabilità sia funzionale a un superamento della tradizione naturalista, a cui lo scrittore si rapporta in modo dialettico, ricorrendo a diverse tecniche: la caratterizzazione del personaggio minorato in senso caricaturale o grottesco, la trattazione comica della vicenda, la divagazione esistenziale a partire dalla riflessione sulla sorte del disabile, la lettura allegorica della situazione di svantaggio, la tendenza alla fantasticizzazione della disabilità.
Necessity of Education for Efficient and Sustainable Production and Consumption of Energy in Tanzania
Authors: Kahangwa George 
Published: November 2024

This paper reports the findings of a study that was conducted in Tanzania to grasp how the policies, plans and curricula at different levels of education accommodate knowledge gathered on energy to support the fostering of energy education. The study interrogated what necessitates the inclusion of energy education into the curricula in Tanzania. Subscribing to a qualitative approach, the study employed a desk research method to review curricula and other documents guiding secondary and university level education in the country. The study found out that heightening people’s consumption of energy for domestic and industrial purposes constituted the main issue that necessitates the provision of energy education. Collected data further show that, the Tanzanian curricula targets giving the people knowledge and awareness for safety and how to optimise the use of energy sources, both effectively and efficiently. Moreover, energy education is essentially due to threats of depletion, discovery of new sources of energy, and the need for skilled workers. Such education is also necessary to address the need for expertise and technological advancements in production and consumption methods. The threat of environmental degradation and global warming also make it necessary that people become energy literate. In some cases, energy education aims to meet the investors’ needs and provide general knowledge in addition to serving diplomatic purposes. Overall, the study found out that energy education is essential for ensuring the country has sustained energy supply and use, while meeting the needs of the population, and fostering economic growth.
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE USE OF VEGETABLE RAW MATERIALS IN THE EXTRUSION PROCESS
Authors: Akhlan T. , Izembayeva A. , Gul H. 
Published: November 2024

Extrusion is one of the most commonly used thermomechanical processes, which has many advantages: versatility, flexibility, high productivity, low cost and energy efficiency. When developing the formulation, scientists were guided by the goal of studying the nutritional value of extruded products, such as direct foaming products, breakfasts and pasta, using non-traditional ingredients from vegetable raw materials. It not only has a variety of characteristics in terms of chemical composition and functional characteristics, but also affects the quality of final products during extrusion processing of various types of raw materials. In order to apply these non-traditional plant materials in extrusion, it is important to understand their impact on the quality of raw materials and extruded products.This paper discusses the theoretical aspects of incorporating non-traditional vegetable ingredients into the composition of extruded foods. Processing vegetable materials through extrusion is a sustainable method that produces products with diverse nutritional benefits and functional properties. Through an analysis of scientific literature, we found that extrusion is an effective way to transform unconventional vegetable ingredients into edible products. Our research also revealed that extrusion increases the digestibility of these ingredients and reduces the presence of anti-nutrients.