bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance-verbal discrepancies and facets of psychopathy: assessing the relationship between WAIS–R/III summary IQs/index scores and PCL–R facet scores
Authors: Walters Glenn D. , Duncan Scott A. 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between differences in performance and verbal intelligence quotients (PIQ and VIQ) and the four facet scores from the Psychopathy Checklist–Revised (PCL–R) (Hare, 2003).

Design/methodology/approach
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) and PCL–R facet scores provided by 181 male federal inmates as part of a forensic evaluation were analyzed with multiple regression, paired t-tests, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.

Findings
Of the four PCL–R facet scores, only elevations on Facet 4 (antisocial) produced a significant WAIS-Revised (Wechsler, 1981) PIQ over VIQ (PIQ>VIQ) effect. In addition, only Facet 4 achieved significant ROC accuracy and correlated with the PIQ>VIQ discrepancy after other potentially important variables were controlled. In a follow-up study of 46 male inmates, Facet 4 correlated negatively with the Verbal Comprehension and Working Memory indices of the WAIS–Third Edition (Wechsler, 1997) and accurately classified a significant portion of Perceptual Organization Index (POI)>WMI cases but not a significant portion of POI>VCI cases.

Practical implications
Verbal comprehension and executive function deficits are examined as possible explanations for the relationships observed in this study.

Originality/value
These results have potentially important implications for forensic assessment in that they suggest that only certain specific features of the psychopathy construct are related to the well-known PIQ>VIQ discrepancy.
The effect of students’ performance in introductory accounting on college duration
Authors: Alanzi Khalid A. , Alfraih Mishari M. 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
This study aims to examine the effect of accounting students’ performance in the first part of introductory accounting on duration to successfully complete accounting program.

Design/methodology/approach
Linear regression (ordinary least squares) with a sample of 127 accounting students, who were graduated during the 2015/2016 academic year from a business college in Kuwait, was used to test the study’s hypothesis.

Findings
The results indicate that there was a statistically significant association between the grade earned in the first part of introductory accounting and the college duration, which explained the significant influence of the grade earned in the first part of introductory accounting on the college duration, with and without controls for other factors.

Practical implications
The findings provide administrators, accounting educators and academic researchers with a useful benchmark for improving accounting programs and guidelines for future academic research.

Originality/value
The value of this study would be twofold; it provided a foundation for future comparative studies, potentially leading to the harmonization of international accounting education, and it addressed some of the gaps in the existing regional accounting education literature resulting from the scarcity of prior studies. In addition, the college where data were collected has been recently approved to enter the candidacy for accreditation at the Accreditation Council for Business Schools and Programs. Given the accrediting bodies emphasis on academic performance and graduation on time, the study’s findings would help the college in enhancing its students’ performance and maximizing the chances of its accreditation application being successful.
Downtown management and homelessness: the versatile roles of business improvement districts
Authors: Lee Wonhyung 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
Homelessness in the public place presents a complex issue to downtown redevelopment and management efforts. Although business communities are commonly perceived to take hostile, often punitive, approaches to deal with homelessness, such perception does not reflect recent alternative approaches. This paper aims to examine versatile approaches that district management organizations take to address homelessness, focusing on the role of business improvement districts (BIDs) in the USA.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper used a mixed method of data collection and analysis that combines a nationwide survey of BIDs and in-depth interviews with people who work at or in collaboration with BIDs in Washington, DC.

Findings
The findings suggest that BIDs, as one of the major organizations that serve the interests of property and business owners in commercial areas, have the potential to balance their traditional roles as a district manager with their alternative roles as advocates, mediators and service providers to address homelessness.

Research limitations/implications
Owing to the small number of BIDs reflected in the survey and interviews, the research results may lack generalizability. Further research on the outcomes of the BID-homeless intervention efforts will benefit the future practice.

Practical implications
The paper suggests that BIDs can implement a more cooperative approach to addressing homelessness in partnership with the public and human service sectors.

Originality/value
This paper discusses the versatile roles of BIDs in dealing with homelessness.
SMEs capital structure: trade-off or pecking order theory: a systematic review
Authors: Martinez Lisana B. , Scherger Valeria , Guercio M. Belén 
Published: June 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to organize and present the literature related to firm’s capital structure across the years and find the most relevant publications and authors in the research area. Moreover, the authors pretend to fill the gap in the literature by studying different works and their compatibility with the main theories.Design/methodology/approachThe systematic literature review is conducted by using the Scopus database. The methodology applied is through a concise searching considering keywords, the most cited papers, the latest publications and theories that explain small and medium enterprises (SMEs) capital structure.FindingsSome key aspects about the capital structure of firms and SMEs are identified, such as documents per year, type of publications, the most used languages, the top journals, the most cited papers, the most productive and influential authors and the latest published papers.Research limitations/implicationsThe information presented is only informative from the Scopus database. Hence, this work only gives a general orientation of the most relevant research and its tendency of this database. More exhaustive works could be done using different keywords and analyzing other firms’ characteristics.Practical implicationsThis kind of study is effective in evaluating the scientific production and to find the most important contributions of the subject. Furthermore, this information is useful for researchers’ studies on SME capital structure to underline the research direction and to be acquainted with the literature tendency.Originality/valueThere are not similar works that delve into the literature respect to SME capital structure and compare the main theories in relation to empirical works. Therefore, a synthesized evolution of previous works related to the capital structure of firms and SMEs is presented.
Auditing Goodwill in the Post‐Amortization Era: Challenges for Auditors
Authors: Ayres Douglas R. , Neal Terry L. , Reid Lauren C. , Shipman Jonathan E. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTThe elimination of goodwill amortization in 2001 brought about significant change in how companies are required to account for goodwill. This change in accounting also brought with it new challenges for auditors, namely evaluating the reasonableness of management's assumptions related to goodwill valuation. In addition to introducing technical challenges, this task is particularly difficult given the misalignment in incentives it creates between managers who likely prefer to avoid recording an impairment and auditors who seek to minimize the bias in management's impairment testing. This study focuses on the consequences of the misaligned incentives that auditors face under the current goodwill assessment process. We find that the decision to record a goodwill impairment is associated with an increase in the probability of auditor dismissal. Consistent with the presence of significant friction with clients, our results also indicate that the likelihood of auditor dismissals is negatively related to the favorability of the impairment decision. Furthermore, we find that companies impairing goodwill prior to dismissing auditors subsequently employ auditors that are, on average, more favorable to clients in their impairment decisions.
Quantifying the value of monitoring species in multi‐species, multi‐threat systems
Authors: Bal Payal , Tulloch Ayesha I. T. , Chadès Iadine , Carwardine Josie , McDonald‐Madden Eve , Rhodes Jonathan R. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Making effective management decisions is challenging in multi‐species, multi‐threat systems because of uncertainty about the effects of different threats on different species. To inform management decisions, we often monitor species to detect spatial or temporal trends that can help us learn about threatening processes. However, which species to monitor and how to monitor to inform the management of threats can be difficult to determine.

Value of information (VOI) analysis is an approach for quantifying the value of monitoring to inform management decisions. We developed a novel method that applies VOI analysis to quantify the benefits of different species monitoring strategies in multi‐threat, multi‐species systems. We applied the approach to compare the effectiveness of surveillance monitoring (monitoring species without experimentation) to targeted monitoring (monitoring species with experimentation to learn about a specific threat), and how prior information drives the benefits of these two different strategies and the species to monitor. We also illustrate the approach by applying it to two contrasting case studies for monitoring and managing declining mammals in Western Australia.

Our approach shows that surveillance monitoring generally provides far lower benefits than targeted monitoring for managing threats in multi‐species, multi‐threat systems under economic constraints.

Our approach also informs the choice of species to monitor and which threats to manage experimentally to most improve threat management outcomes. We show that the key parameters driving these choices include: the budget available for management, prior understanding of which threats cause declines in which species, the relative cost of managing these threats, and the background probability of decline.

Our new VOI approach allows the evaluation of monitoring decisions in multi‐species, multi‐threat systems in the face of uncertainty, while explicitly accounting for the improvement in management outcomes. We recommend that managers need to explicitly consider a range of decision parameters when selecting which species to monitor to inform management. Our framework provides an objective way to do this.
Circulating serum miR-223-3p and miR-16-5p as possible biomarkers of early rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Dunaeva M , Blom J , Thurlings R , Pruijn G J M 
Published: June 2018

Summary
Small non-coding RNAs have emerged as possible biomarkers for various diseases including autoimmune diseases. A number of studies have demonstrated that the expression of specific microRNAs (miRNAs) is dysregulated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). So far, all studies on miRNAs in RA patients have been performed using either microarray or reverse transcription–quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT–qPCR) analyses. Compared to RT–qPCR and microarray analyses, next-generation sequencing (NGS) allows the genome-wide analysis of small RNAs and the differentiation between miRNAs that differ by a single nucleotide. The application of NGS to the analysis of small RNAs circulating in sera of RA patients has not been reported. This study provides a global overview of the circulating small RNAs in the sera of RA patients and healthy subjects and identifies differences between these groups using NGS. Several classes of small RNAs, including hY RNA-derived fragments, tRNA-derived fragments and miRNAs, were determined. Differentially expressed individual small RNAs were verified by RT-qPCR. The levels of two miRNAs, miR-223-3p and miR-16-5p, were significantly lower in the sera from early RA patients than in those from established RA patients and healthy controls. In contrast, the serum level of miR-16-5p was higher in patients with established RA than in healthy control samples. These miRNAs may not only serve as biomarkers, but may also shed more light on the pathophysiology of RA.
Germline expression of the hunchback orthologues in the asexual viviparous aphids: a conserved feature within the Aphididae
Authors: Chung C.‐y. , Hsiao Y.‐m. , Huang T.‐Y. , Chang T.‐H. , Chang C.‐c. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn animals, differentiation of germline from soma usually takes place during embryogenesis. Genes and their products that are preferentially expressed in the embryonic germ cells are regarded as candidates for maintaining germline fate or promoting germline identity. In Drosophila, for example, the protein encoded by the germline gene vasa is specifically restricted to the germ cells, while products of the gap gene hunchback (hb), a somatic gene, are preferentially expressed in the neuroblasts. In this study, we report the expression of both messenger RNA and protein encoded by Aphb, an hb orthologue in the asexual viviparous pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum, in germ cells as well as in neuroblasts. We infer that expression of Aphb messenger RNA in the germ cells during the formation of germaria is required for the anterior localization of Aphb in the protruding oocytes. Germarial expression and anterior localization of ApKrüppel was also identified but, unlike Aphb, its expression was not detected in the migrating germ cells. Very similar patterns of hb expression were also identified in the green peach aphid Myzus persicae, suggesting that germline expression of hb is conserved within the Aphididae. To date, this pattern of hb germline expression has not been reported in other insects.
Characterization of induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived megakaryocyte lysates for potential regenerative applications
Authors: Baigger Anja , Eicke Dorothee , Yuzefovych Yuliia , Pogozhykh Denys , Blasczyk Rainer , Figueiredo Constanca 
Published: June 2018

AbstractRecently, platelet‐derived growth factors present in lysates became an extreme interest in the field of regenerative medicine such as in wound healing and as substitutes to foetal bovine serum in xeno‐free cell culture systems. However, the generation of such platelet lysates completely depends on the availability of platelet donors. In this study, the possibility to use in vitro‐generated megakaryocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as a cell source for typical platelet growth factors was investigated. Therefore, the presence and levels of those factors were characterized in in vitro‐produced megakaryocytes. In comparison with platelets, in vitro‐generated megakaryocytes showed a multifold increased content in transcript and protein levels of typical platelet growth factors including platelet‐derived growth factors (PDGFs), transforming growth factor (TGF)‐1β, vascular endothelial cell factor (VEGF)‐A, epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin‐like growth factor (IGF)‐1 and tissue factor (TF). Hence, iPSC‐derived megakaryocytes may serve as an efficient cell source for a donor‐independent generation of growth factor‐rich lysates with a broad application potential in innovative cell culture systems and regenerative therapies.
Using a novel scoring system for paronychia related to oncologic treatments (SPOT) for assessing paronychia severity and its correlation with pain index and quality of life
Authors: Ho P.‐H. , Lin I.‐C. , Yang X. , Cho Y.‐T. , Chu C.‐Y. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundOncologic treatments may lead to the development of paronychia, which may cause severe pain and disability. However, a detailed objective scoring system is lacking.ObjectiveTo develop an objective scoring system to quantify the severity of paronychia and also examine the correlation of this score with a pain index and patients’ quality of life.MethodsA novel scoring system for paronychia related to oncologic treatments (SPOT), consisting of four parameters, namely redness, oedema, discharge and granulation tissue, was designed to assess the severity of paronychia. The visual analogue scale (VAS) and Dermatology Quality of Life Index (DLQI) were recorded, and their association with the SPOT scores was analysed.ResultsNinety patients were enrolled from three medical centres in Taiwan. Severity of paronychia was determined by the scores of SPOT. Patients in the severe group had higher DLQI scores (severe vs. mild: P = 0.0018; severe vs. moderate: P = 0.0015). Both the DLQI and pain index scores were significantly higher in patients with higher dominant hand SPOT scores.ConclusionsThe SPOT scores demonstrated the association of the paronychia severity with DLQI and pain. It may thus be useful in clinical practice and future studies.
Evaluation of antimicrobial textiles for atopic dermatitis
Authors: Srour J. , Berg E. , Mahltig B. , Smolik T. , Wollenberg A. 
Published: June 2018

SummaryBackgroundFunctional textiles have been proposed as safe adjunct treatment for atopic dermatitis (AD). Some data have been published regarding their antimicrobial properties and their clinical efficacy.ObjectiveThis study examined the physical and functional properties of 11 commercially available functional textiles, including their antimicrobial activity in vitro, as a function of multiple laundering cycles.MethodsAll materials were weighed and examined under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) before and after laundering for fibre morphology and silver coating. Bioburden of newly purchased textiles was assessed by measuring bacterial colony forming units (CFU). Deliverable antimicrobial efficacy was evaluated in vitro for each specimen, before and after 30, 70, 100, 150 and 200 laundering cycles.ResultsTextile weight showed high variability. Damaged silver coating of variable degree was observed under SEM in most materials after laundering. Products made of silk showed smoother and tighter fibre morphology compared to cotton. The bacterial load of unwashed material ranged from <1 CFU to 35 CFU per 50 × 50 mm specimen. Most silver‐containing products lost their antimicrobial activity rapidly after laundering. Silk and cotton retrieved products had no deliverable antimicrobial effect even in their original state.ConclusionElastic, lightweight textiles with smooth fibres are comfortable for daily use. Functional textiles rapidly losing their deliverable antimicrobial activity in vitro are not advisable for AD patients. Recommendations for functional textiles should be based on a combination of in vitro analysis of products in their original state and after laundering, together with real‐life data obtained from controlled clinical trials.
Light‐controllable Transcription System by Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling of a Truncated Phytochrome B
Authors: Noda Natsumi , Ozawa Takeaki 
Published: June 2018

AbstractTranscriptional regulation is a useful strategy for gene therapy and for biomedical research. Unlike chemically regulated transcriptional approaches, spatiotemporal control of transcription using optogenetic tools is a powerful technology for the analysis of single cells. For light to penetrate into tissues, it is desired to use photoreceptors absorbing red/far‐red light with a low‐molecular mass applicable for the use of virus vectors, and a photoswitch using the photoreceptor needs to be constructed as a single expression vector. Herein, we describe an optogenetic tool based on Arabidopsis thaliana phytochrome (Phy) B and its binding partner, phytochrome‐interacting factor (PIF) 6. We generated a truncated PhyB, which allowed for reversible association with PIF6 by red/far‐red light illumination. The red light illumination only for 5 min induced PhyB translocation from the cytoplasm into the nucleus by the association with PIF6, resulting in transcriptional activation based on Gal4 DNA‐binding domain and the upstream activating sequence of Gal system. The nucleocytoplasmic shuttling vector using PhyB and PIF6 might be applicable for transcriptional regulation in tissue experiments.
Load characteristics following transfemoral amputation in individuals fitted with bone-anchored prostheses: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Pather Shanthan , Vertriest Sofie , Sondergeld Peter , Ramis Mary-Anne , Frossard Laurent 
Published: June 2018

Review questionThe main purpose of this scoping review is to characterize loading information applied on the residuum of individuals with transfemoral amputation fitted with an osseointegrated fixation for bone-anchored prostheses.The objectives of this scoping review are: i) to map the scope of loading variables, and ii) to report the range of magnitude of loads that has been directly measured using a portable kinetic recording apparatus fitted at the distal end of the residuum during rehabilitation exercises, standardized and unscripted activities of daily living, and adverse events.The specific review questions are:i) What is the scope of variables used to describe loading data that has been directly measured using a portable kinetic recording apparatus mounted at the distal end of the residuum of individuals with transfemoral amputation fitted with an osseointegrated fixation?ii) What is the range of magnitude of the loads applied on the residuum of individuals with transfemoral amputation fitted with an osseointegrated fixation measured directly with a portable kinetic recording apparatus during rehabilitation exercises, standardized and unscripted activities of daily living, and adverse events?
Strategies for communicating patient health information between emergency and primary care settings: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Bishop Andrea , Curran Janet , Rose Heather , McKibbon Shelley 
Published: June 2018

Review question:
The objective of this scoping review is to explore strategies being used to communicate patient information between emergency and primary care settings. This information will be used as a first step to develop an intervention to improve information exchange and communication between emergency and primary care providers.
Specifically the review questions are:
i) What tools and strategies are being used to support the communication and exchange of patient information between emergency and primary care settings?
ii) What models/frameworks are being used to guide the development of these strategies and tools?
iii) What are the identified barriers to exchanging patient information between emergency and primary care settings?
iv) What are the outcomes measures reported in these studies?
Core competencies for diabetes educators: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Alharbi Talal , McIntyre Meredith , Thomacos Nikos , McLelland Gayle 
Published: June 2018

Review question/objective:The purpose of the proposed review is, firstly, to map the core competencies for diabetes educators, as reported in the literature, and secondly, to review currently used criteria for core competencies in the assessment of diabetes educators.