bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Misdiagnosis of type A acute aortic dissection in the emergency department: 10 Year retrospective cohort study
Authors: Tian Qi , Cheung Ralph Koon Ho , Cheng Chi Hung , Hung Kevin Kei Ching , Graham Colin Alexander 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundType A acute aortic dissection (TAAAD) is a serious cardiovascular disease with a high mortality rate and prompt diagnosis is the key to survival. However, misdiagnosis is common in the Emergency Department (ED). The aim of this study is to evaluate the rate of misdiagnosis, factors associated with misdiagnosis and patient outcomes.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study recruited 91 patients with TAAAD at the ED of a tertiary university hospital in Hong Kong from 2013 to 2022. Patients were divided into the following two groups: correct diagnosis (60 patients) and misdiagnosis (31 patients) of TAAAD. Clinical symptoms, signs, and investigations were analyzed as factors associated with misdiagnosis by multivariate analysis. In‐patient mortality, 30‐day mortality, 1‐year mortality, and hospital length of stay (LOS) were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe misdiagnosis rate of TAAAD was 34.1% (31/91). Absence of severe intensity pain (OR = 6.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.41–25.63, p = 0.015), less urgent triage category (OR = 4.46, 95% CI = 1.77–11.22, p = 0.002), and absence of point‐of‐care ultrasound exam (POCUS) (OR = 13.00, 95% CI = 3.05–55.40, p = 0.001) were associated with misdiagnosis. There were no statistically significant differences between correct diagnosis and misdiagnosis groups in patient outcomes including in‐hospital mortality (28.3% vs. 38.7%), 30‐day mortality (28.3% vs. 38.7%), 1‐year mortality (30.0% vs. 41.9%), or hospital LOS (15.5 ± 15.6 days vs. 14.7 ± 15.5 days).ConclusionsOne‐third of cases in our study were misdiagnosed. The absence of severe intensity pain, less urgent triage category, and absence of POCUS ultrasound exam were independent factors associated with misdiagnosis. More widespread use of POCUS of the aorta and heart may help to improve the diagnosis of TAAAD in the ED.
Effectiveness of virtual reality in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Systematic review
Authors: Alvarado‐Omenat Jorge Juan , Llamas‐Ramos Rocío , García‐García Daniel , Correyero‐León Marta , Fonseca‐Sánchez Emilio , Llamas‐Ramos Inés 
Published: November 2024

AbstractVirtual reality is on the rise and is currently postulated as one of the most innovative and promising techniques in the management of pain and anxiety in cancer patients, in the face of painful processes or the stress involved in chemotherapy treatment. The objective has been to find out the effectiveness of virtual reality in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Several literature reviews were conducted between November 2023 and January 2024 in the Pubmed, Web of Science and PEDro databases. The keywords “virtual reality,” “cancer,” “oncology,” “exercise” and “chemotherapy” were combined using the Boolean operator AND. 641 manuscripts were selected as potential manuscripts and after elimination of duplicates and application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, six articles comprised the final review sample. Virtual reality has proven to be an effective technique in reducing the anxiety, pain, asthenia and stress suffered by patients diagnosed with cancer and chemotherapy treatment. The distraction generated by this therapeutic modality, with a wide range of scenarios, helps to reduce the painful perception and worry of these procedures. However, there are no standard application guidelines or application protocols that demonstrate the superiority of one technique over another. Virtual reality could be a valid complementary tool in the treatment of patients undergoing chemotherapy, showing positive results in pain reduction, anxiety, stress or asthenia. More studies are needed, with larger sample sizes and long‐term follow‐ups to establish treatment protocols in relation to the frequency, intensity, duration and periodicity of interventions with virtual reality.
Real Earnings Management and ESG Performance in China: The Mediating Role of Corporate Innovations
Authors: Abdelbaky Aya , Liu Tingli , Mingyang Xu , Shahzad Muhammad Farrukh , Hassanein Ahmed 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis study addresses whether the positive consequences of corporate innovation can mitigate the negative repercussions of earning management practices on corporate sustainability. Specifically, it investigates the impact of real earning management (REM) practices on corporate environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance. Likewise, it explores the mediating role of corporate innovation inputs and outputs in this relationship. The study uses a sample of the A‐share listed firms in the Chinese stock market from 2011 to 2021. We measure REM activities as a comprehensive index of corporate abnormal cash flows, abnormal production costs and abnormal discretionary expenses. The Chinese firms' ESG performance is based on Huazheng's ESG rating. Corporate innovation is categorised into innovation input (i.e., R&D expenditure) and innovation output (i.e., patent applications). The study finds that REM practices inversely affect corporate ESG performance and its various pillars. Likewise, firms that engage in higher REM practices are less likely to allocate resources to innovation (i.e., lower R&D expenditure) and have a low innovation output (i.e., fewer patent applications). Nevertheless, firms with higher innovation input and/or higher innovation output exhibit higher ESG performance. Finally, the corporate innovation input and output mediate the relationship between REM practices and ESG performance, suggesting that the positive influence of innovation on ESG performance helps to mitigate the negative consequences of earnings management practices. These results underscore the significance of ethical financial practices and innovation‐driven strategies in enhancing corporate ESG performance.
Diminished ovarian reserve may have no effect on embryo euploidy: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zheng Zichen , Jiang Wei , Geng Tangyi , Yang Ye , Zhao Chun , Ling Xiufeng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveDoes an association exist between diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) and embryonic aneuploidy risk in young women of reproductive age?MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 854 participants treated in the Department of Reproductive Medicine, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medicine University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, from May 2016 to September 2023 for a total of 894 cycles. The relationship between ovarian reserve and embryonic euploidy was evaluated using statistical methods such as generalized estimating equation (GEE) and propensity score matching (PSM).ResultsDespite the higher number of biopsied blastocysts in women with normal ovarian reserve, no significant difference in embryonic aneuploidy rates was observed between DOR women and the control group. In addition, there were no significant disparities observed in the rates of metaphase II (MII) oocytes, normal fertilization, transferable embryos, blastocyst formation, and high‐scoring blastocysts between the DOR and control groups after PSM.ConclusionThis study showed that DOR had no significant effect on the incidence of aneuploidy in embryos. Young women informed about DOR should be relatively confident about the quality of their eggs and the euploidy status of their embryos before conventional assisted reproduction, thereby mitigating concern regarding adverse maternal outcomes due to aneuploidy.
Application of quantitative histomorphometric features in computational pathology
Authors: Shi Yujie , Hu Bo , Xu Mingyan , Yao Yunhan , Gao Shuaiqiang , Xia Xiang , Deng Xikai , Liu Jianfeng , Gu Jia , Chen Shifu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractComputer vision has facilitated the execution of various computer‐aided diagnostic tasks. From a methodological perspective, these tasks are primarily implemented using two dominant strategies: end‐to‐end Deep learning (DL)‐based methods and traditional feature engineering‐based methods. DL methods are capable of automatically extracting, analyzing, and filtering features, leading to final decision‐making from whole slide images. However, these methods are often criticized for the “black box” issue, a significant limitation of DL. In contrast, traditional feature engineering‐based methods involve well‐defined quantitative input features. But it was considered as less potent than DL methods. Advances in segmentation technology and the development of quantitative histomorphometric (QH) feature representation have propelled the evolution of feature engineering‐based methods. This review contrasts the performance differences between the two methods and traces the development of QH feature representation. The conclusion is that, with the ongoing progress in QH feature representation and segmentation technology, methods based on QH features will leverage their advantages—such as explainability, reduced reliance on large training datasets, and lower computational resource requirements—to play a more significant role in some clinical tasks. They may even replace DL methods somewhat or be used in conjunction with them to achieve accurate and understandable results.
A 13‐year review of triple jump examination at the Ostrow School of Dentistry of the University of Southern California
Authors: Navazesh Mahvash , Chen Xi , Schilperoort Hannah , Bautista Sharon , Eisenberg Larry 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe triple jump examination (TJE) has been instituted at the Ostrow School of Dentistry of the University of Southern California (OSDUSC) since 2001 as an assessment tool of critical thinking skills for its learner‐centered pedagogy. A 2013 study detailed the TJE's design, validity, and initial outcomes. The current study focused on its 13‐year sustainability including a transition from in‐person to hybrid TJE by assessing outcomes from the graduating Classes of 2014 through 2026.MethodsThe study was approved by the USC Institutional Review Board (#UP‐21‐00272‐AM001). To assess sustainability, the study first examined agreements among TJE faculty raters based on a total of 10,512 TJEs given to 1872 students from the 13 classes. Next, to determine whether the effectiveness of TJE was impacted by the transition from traditional to hybrid TJE, an independent t‐test was performed to examine student performance between the two exam delivery methods based on 4896 TJEs given to 864 students.ResultsThe study observed a high level of agreement among faculty raters throughout the study period. The general agreement rates, exact agreement rates, and disagreement rates averaged 99.2%, 77.3%, and 0.8%, respectively. Students’ TJE performance was similar between the traditional and hybrid delivery methods (p‐value = 0.629 > 0.05, t critical two‐tail = 2.074, t stat = 0.489).ConclusionThe TJE at OSDUSC proves to be a sustainable and reliable instrument with high internal consistency among raters when evaluating students’ performance. The transition from traditional to hybrid TJE has no impact on the TJE's effectiveness.
Exploring the Impact of Variability in Cell Segmentation and Tracking Approaches
Authors: Wiggins Laura , O'Toole Peter J. , Brackenbury William J. , Wilson Julie 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSegmentation and tracking are essential preliminary steps in the analysis of almost all live cell imaging applications. Although the number of open‐source software systems that facilitate automated segmentation and tracking continue to evolve, many researchers continue to opt for manual alternatives for samples that are not easily auto‐segmented, tracing cell boundaries by hand and reidentifying cells on consecutive frames by eye. Such methods are subject to inter‐user variability, introducing idiosyncrasies into the results of downstream analysis that are a result of subjectivity and individual expertise. The methods are also susceptible to intra‐user variability, meaning findings are challenging to reproduce. In this pilot study, we demonstrate and quantify the degree of intra‐ and inter‐user variability in manual cell segmentation and tracking by comparing the phenotypic metrics extracted from cells segmented and tracked by different members of our research team. Furthermore, we compare the segmentation results for a ptychographic cell image obtained using different automated software and demonstrate the high dependence of performance on the imaging modality they were developed to handle. Our results show that choice of segmentation and tracking methods should be considered carefully in order to enhance the quality and reproducibility of results.
The PRE‐registration podiatry: Accessible recruitment and employment (PREPARE) project: A commentary on the novel approach to the podiatry workforce crisis in Glasgow
Authors: Price Pamela , Higgins Paul , Lambert David , Dickson Diane M. , Barn Ruth 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe profession of podiatry is facing significant workforce challenges and urgent solutions are required to increase workforce capacity. Apprenticeship models are available in England but as yet, not available in Scotland. This paper explores the local context of the current workforce challenges and summarises a novel solution collaboratively developed in Glasgow. A collaborative initiative between NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde and Glasgow Caledonian University developed the PRE‐registration Podiatry: Accessible Recruitment and Employment (PREPARE) Project. Creative use of vacancy savings are being used to employ a limited number of individuals on a whole‐time Band 5 Annex 21 basis at the start of their podiatry degree for the duration of their studies. Academic timetables were consolidated with no change to module or learning outcomes with candidates spending 3 days per week on academic studies and 2 days per week employed within the host podiatry service during term time. If academic milestones are achieved, substantive Band five opportunities are available once registration is achieved. This project opens opportunities for graduate level study to the support workforce and others not in a position to pursue traditional models of full‐time education. To date, two additional health boards in Scotland have adopted this model and it has the potential to be a national approach for Scotland. High applicant numbers were achieved demonstrating increased interest in podiatry from this approach. This project has the potential to have a transformative impact on educating and training the future workforce, potentially being adopted by other professions facing similar workforce challenges.
An artificial intelligence‐based recognition model of colorectal liver metastases in intraoperative ultrasonography with improved accuracy through algorithm integration
Authors: Takayama Maho , Ito Kyoji , Karako Kenji , Mihara Yuichiro , Sasaki Shu , Ichida Akihiko , Takamoto Takeshi , Akamatsu Nobuhisa , Kawaguchi Yoshikuni , Hasegawa Kiyoshi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground/PurposeContrast‐enhanced intraoperative ultrasonography (CE‐IOUS) is crucial for detecting colorectal liver metastases (CLM) during surgery. Although artificial intelligence shows potential in diagnostic systems, its application in CE‐IOUS is limited.MethodsThis study aimed to develop an automatic tumor detection model using Mask region‐based convolutional neural network (Mask R‐CNN) for CE‐IOUS images. CE‐IOUS videos of the CLM from 121 patients were collected, generating ground truth data. A total of 2659 images were obtained. Two models were developed: the basic recognition model (BRM), which was trained on CE‐mode images, and the subtraction model (SM), which used images created by a subtraction algorithm that highlighted the differences in pixel values between the basic‐mode and CE‐mode images. The subtraction algorithm focuses on echogenicity differences. These two models were combined into a combination model (CM), which assessed outcomes using the prediction probabilities from both models.ResultsThe optimal epochs were determined by the maximum area under the curve (AUC), and the thresholds were calculated accordingly. BRM, SM, and CM achieved 89.4%, 86.6%, and 96.5% accuracy, respectively. CM outperformed the individual models, achieving an AUC of 0.99.ConclusionsA novel automated recognition model was developed for accurate CLM detection in CE‐IOUS by integrating image‐ and algorithm‐based models.
Time Series Clustering of Sea Surface Temperature in the Mediterranean and Black Sea Marine System
Authors: Tagil Sermin , Danacioglu Sevki , Yurtseven Nami 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSea surface temperature (SST) is a significant climatic variable that affects the climate of the Earth. Monitoring a location's SST pattern is useful for several research areas, including weather forecasting and climate change. In this study, the emerging hot spot and cold spot patterns of SST in the Mediterranean and Black Sea Marine System (MBMS) were examined, the spatial distribution characteristics and temporal changes of SST in the sub‐basins were analysed, and future predictions were made. A distinctive aspect of the research lies in the introduction of novel techniques, specifically the application of space time cube and evolving hot spot analysis, for visualising and evaluating SST in the MBMS. This approach sets the study apart by pioneering the utilisation of these methods in this particular context. In the examined region, SST demonstrates a decreasing trend from east to west and from south to north. The forecast suggests that this spatial distribution pattern will persist in 2033, further accentuated by the intensification of the warming effect. Nine different time series clusters are defined within this distribution pattern. Although it changes seasonally, the prevailing statistically significant hot spots in the study area are primarily characterised by new hot spots, intensifying hot spots, sporadic hot spots and oscillating hot spots. The trends of hot and cold spot clusters, along with SST values, were assessed for all sub‐basins in the MBMS. Conversely, the observed clustering category among statistically significant cold spots is identified as persistent cold spots, diminishing cold spots, sporadic cold spots, oscillating cold spots and historical cold spots. The spatiotemporal analysis in this research has provided notable insights, offering a spatial context to the previously explored temporal trends of SST in the MBMS.
Clearing‐enabled light sheet microscopy as a novel method for three‐dimensional mapping of the sensory innervation of the mouse knee
Authors: Ko Frank C. , Fullam Spencer , Lee Hoomin , Chan Kelly , Ishihara Shingo , Adamczyk Natalie S. , Obeidat Alia M. , Soorya Sarah , Miller Richard J. , Malfait Anne‐Marie , Miller Rachel E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA major barrier that hampers our understanding of the precise anatomic distribution of pain sensing nerves in and around the joint is the limited view obtained from traditional two dimensional (D) histological approaches. Therefore, our objective was to develop a workflow that allows examination of the innervation of the intact mouse knee joint in 3D by employing clearing‐enabled light sheet microscopy. We first surveyed existing clearing protocols (SUMIC, PEGASOS, and DISCO) to determine their ability to clear the whole mouse knee joint, and discovered that a DISCO protocol provided the optimal transparency for light sheet microscopy imaging. We then modified the DISCO protocol to enhance binding and penetration of antibodies used for labeling nerves. Using the pan‐neuronal PGP9.5 antibody, our protocol allowed 3D visualization of innervation in and around the mouse knee joint. We then implemented the workflow in mice intra‐articularly injected with nerve growth factor (NGF) to determine whether changes in the nerve density can be observed. Both 3D and 2D analytical approaches of the light sheet microscopy images demonstrated quantifiable changes in midjoint nerve density following 4 weeks of NGF injection in the medial but not in the lateral joint compartment. We provide, for the first time, a comprehensive workflow that allows detailed and quantifiable examination of mouse knee joint innervation in 3D.
Evaluation of flavor characteristics in Chinese wheat flour paste using electronic‐nose, electronic‐tongue, and headspace‐gas chromatography‐ion mobility spectrometry at different fermentation stages
Authors: Kh Ahmada Ahmada , Mi Si , Tian Hongshuang , Xu Xinjun , Abdo Abdullah A. A , Aleryani Hamzah , Wang Xianghong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDWheat flour paste is a typical Chinese fermented food, valued for its distinct flavors and health benefits. However, evidence regarding volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Chinese wheat flour paste is limited. This study aims to examine the effect of fermentation on the VOCs and their physicochemical properties. Chinese wheat flour paste fermented at different stages was characterized using headspace gas chromatography ion‐mobility spectrometry (HS‐GC‐IMS) with an electronic nose (E‐nose) and an electronic tongue (E‐tongue).RESULTSThe results revealed that around 76 VOCs were found in Chinese wheat flour paste from all stages of fermentation. These included esters, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids, furans, and pyrazines. The E‐tongue and E‐nose analyses also showed high responses for saltiness, umami, WIW, and W5S. The fermentation process changed the color of the wheat flour paste, and the taste, and smell parameters. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that taste parameters were positively associated with the volatile flavor profile detected in wheat flour paste. Partial least squares discriminant analysis also identified 28 VOCs as distinct flavor metabolites across fermentation stages.CONCLUSIONAt the ‘after ripening’ (AR) and ‘sterilization’ (S) stages of wheat flour paste fermentation there were strong umami and salty flavors, with minimal sour and sweet notes in comparison with the other stages. These stages were characterized by elevated terpene concentrations, inorganic sulfides, and key flavor enhancers such as 2‐hexanol and propyl sulfide. Headspace gas chromatography ion‐mobility spectrometry and E‐nose technologies are recommended for a more precise assessment of volatile changes during fermentation. The findings indicate that the ‘sterilization’ stage of wheat flour paste fermentation is optimal for achieving the required flavor profile. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.