bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Health and Safety Inspections in Canada
Authors: Bouchard St-Amant Pier-André 
Published: March 2019

Background: Each year, the Canadian government assigns inspectors to visit firms and ensure compliance to the occupational health and safety provisions of the Canada Labour Code. This paper presents evidence supporting the hypothesis that assignments reduce the number of disabling injuries. It also presents a mathematical technique improving the performance of how firms are chosen for inspection.
Methods: By combining two administrative databases covering worksites under federal jurisdiction, the impact of assignments on injuries is estimated using instrumental variables. The instruments are the exogenous part of the government’s assignment rule for inspectors.
Results: The impact of one assignment on injuries is estimated to be -0.33 in the year following the assignment. Furthermore, by introducing a measure of diminishing marginal returns of assignments by sector, a more efficient assignment rule to help further minimize the number of injuries resulting from non-compliance with the Labour Code is suggested. This improved rule includes a reallocation of assignments across industries compared to the current allocation. In particular, assignments are transferred from the sectors of Air Transport and Road Transport to the sectors of Banking, Postal Contractors and Crown Corporations.
Conclusions: A counterfactual experiment with the new allocation of assignments suggests an 18% decrease in the number of injuries for the same yearly average number of assignments. Based on available estimates of the cost of injuries, the suggested change in the targeting tool would lead to annual savings of 72 million dollars in workers’ compensation claims.
SDG’S IMPLEMENTATION IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Authors: Hastika Ardiwidjaja Nunung 
Published: March 2019

Since dispersion enactment in Indonesia, two third of citizen well being and prosperity are depend on the performance of Local Government, from environment sanitation, such as waste management, to education quality and health services. It all depends on the quality of Local Government public services. SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) is (a) a new development agreement, substitution for MDGs. This agreement effective since 2015 until 2030; (b) a 35 pages document that have been approved by 190 country; (c) contain 17 goals, and 169 development target. SDGs procedure processes are based on inspiration and aspiration of Local Government. Through city association and Local Government in large-scale level, Local Government has been actively participating in SDGs formulation and validation. Therefore to Local Government, the capital and kabupaten government role are important for SDGs. Because there are some facts and validation that justify that.
Few of SDGs focus become development underlying principle that consistent with nine main concern programme known as Nawacita, such as human development, education and social welfare, sustainable economics, energy and climate change. SDGs are prolongation from MDGs targets, especially in derivation of mother mortality, derivation of child mortality, derivation of AIDS/HIV, water supply and sanitation coverage. The four unfinished target, cannot be forgotten and neglected, because the targets are also align with some of SDGs goals and target. These are some of the things that Local Government can perform: Action plan, execution committee, institutional, funding, accountability mechanism, and socialization.
In the end, Local Government be able to design an accurate and rapid policy thus for impartial Indonesia, a better citizen well being. And also to urge a better government effort to precede with SDGs agenda and utilize civilian to strengthen all the advocacy effort that have been done.
THE ROLE OF MALAYSIAN ONLINE MEDIA FOR ACHIEVING THE SDGS AND THE MALAYSIA’S DEVELOPMENT AGENDA
Authors: Nik Hasan Nik Norma 
Published: March 2019

In this presentation I argue that the media are important tools of national development. One way to propel the SDGs into the public sphere and planes of national discourse is through the media because of its ability to hold government accountable to the people. Subsequently, the role of the media in development will be: to serve as nation builders, partners with government, agents of empowerment as well as watchdogs and guardians of transparency. This study used the News Framing theory to examine how Malaysian online newspapers framed the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) which also aligns with the 11th Malaysia Plan (2016-2020). Previous research already shows that Malaysians exhibit an intensive online news consumption behavior. This suggests that the Malaysian online newspapers can assign importance to developmental issues and raise them to the planes of national discourse. The significant themes from the findings appeared in five broad themes: economy, education, environment, infrastructure and poverty. These themes intermingled with all the 17SDGs and 11MP. Salience was attributed to Malaysian development agendas through routinely used key words and phrases, news elements and news sources. This suggests that the sampled Malaysian online newspapers served a watchdog role.
Assessment of Osteoimmunological Changes Following Orthognathic Surgery
Authors: Soliman Sara , Dehis Mohammad , Ahmed Mamdouh , EL Kateeb Engy 
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND: There is a scarcity in the published literature which evaluates the postoperative inflammatory response and patients’ immunity following orthognathic surgery.
AIM: The present prospective study aimed to evaluate the changes in two immunological callipers to measure the traumatic effect of orthognathic surgery
METHODS: In the present prospective cohort study, we included women (age range 16-30 years) with severe dentofacial deformities who were scheduled for bimaxillary osteotomy. Blood samples were collected for measurement of transforming growth factor beta one (TGF-β1) and osteoprotegrin (OPG) levels. The statistical analysis was carried with SPSS software.
RESULTS: In the present study, nine patients with severe dentofacial deformity were operated successfully under general anaesthesia. All patients reported decreased energy and fatigue in the early days after surgery and had difficulties with nutrition due to pain, oedema and paresthesia; however, no massive weight loss was reported. The levels of OPG started to increase immediately postoperatively (mean = 0.46 ± 0.08; p = 0.001). A significant increase in the concentration of OPG begun postoperatively and continued to rise significantly until the six weeks to reach 2.24 ± 0.30 ng/mL (p < 0.001). Similarly, the concentration of TGF-β1 increased at three days postoperatively and continued to rise until the six weeks to reach 1.28 ± 0.19 ng/mL (p <0 .001).
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, orthognathic surgery is associated with a significant rise in the pro-inflammatory cytokines until the six weeks postoperatively. These observed results may indicate a significant alteration in the immunity of the patients to undergoing orthognathic surgery.
Hunting for fortune. Wild animals, goddesses and the play of perspectives in early Tibetan dice divination
Authors: Dotson Brandon 
Published: March 2019

Le cerf, l'antilope, la gazelle et d'autres animaux sauvages sont au cœur de la divination par les dés dans le Tibet ancien. On les trouve dans les présages successifs d’environ deux douzaines de manuscrits de divination par les dés des ixe et xe siècles, retrouvés à Dunhuang, Turfan et autres sites occupés par les Tibétains le long de la route sud de la soie aux viiie et ixe siècles. En plus des cerfs, kiang et yaks, diverses espèces d’oiseaux et de gibier d’eau apparaissent à intervalles réguliers dans les présages. Ces animaux, dont la prépondérance a été relevée par d'autres chercheurs, sont plus qu'une évocation pittoresque de la faune tibétaine. Et ils font plus que simplement témoigner d'un processus par lequel les Tibétains ont assimilé une technologie divinatoire étrangère, imprégnant ces présages de leur propre sensibilité poétique et oraculaire. Ces animaux sauvages, de toute évidence omniprésents dans les présages, sont en fait essentiels aux échanges entre le sauvage et le domestiqué, et entre le divin et l'humain qui sous-tendent une plus grande économie rituelle de la fortune à laquelle la divination par les dés offre un mode d'accès très spécifique. Ces animaux sauvages se trouvent en concurrence en tant que dépositaires de la fortune et en tant que biens privilégiés des déesses sauvages sman qui surveillent les hauts plateaux sauvages, concurrence qui respecte un équilibre subtil entre la lutte (agonistique) et le hasard (aléatoire). Pour un client de la divination ou « joueur oraculaire », la fortune humaine (phya) peut être gagnée – essentiellement à partir des espaces sauvages surveillés par les déesses sman –, ou bien elle peut être perdue, souvent avec des résultats graves. Cette dynamique d'échange, dans laquelle l'essence faste du sauvage est absorbée par les humains et leur bétail, soulève également des questions intrigantes sur la relation entre la divination par les dés et la chasse et, plus généralement, sur le rôle que jouent les animaux et les divinités dans la construction de la personne tibétaine.
“Beasts, Men and Gods”. A red purifying smoke offering (marsang) in Trika (Amdo)
Authors: Buffetrille Katia 
Published: March 2019

Cet article traite d’un rituel rarement décrit, une offrande sanglante purificatrice (marsang) dédiée à Trike Yülha, le dieu du terroir d’un village de Amdo-Rebgong, et son évolution au cours des ans. Il soulève la question de l’identification de cette divinité locale avec deux divinités chinoises importantes : le dieu de la littérature Wenchang et celui de la guerre, Guandi. Utilisant des sources tibétaines et occidentales, l’auteure montre que cette identification daterait de l’époque des Qing et suggère qu’elle aurait peut-être permis de mieux faire accepter cette offrande si décriée dans le monde bouddhique.
Taming of supernatural entities and animal sacrifice. The synthesis of Tibetan Buddhism and local shamanistic traditions in Northern Sikkim (India)
Authors: Erschbamer Marlene 
Published: March 2019

Les sacrifices d’animaux font partie de l’ancienne tradition chamanique du Sikkim. Pour les Sikkimais, il n’est pas contradictoire d’être, à la fois, adepte du bouddhisme tibétain et de poursuivre des pratiques chamaniques locales telles que le sacrifice d’animaux ; c’est même le signe que ces traditions sont fortement interconnectées. Ces pratiques ont été cependant vigoureusement critiquées par les maîtres bouddhistes venant du Tibet. On assiste ainsi à une confrontation entre les théories du bouddhisme tibétain, notamment ne pas tuer, et les pratiques d’une culture vivante au sein de communautés locales dans l’Himalaya.
Dismemberment and sharing of game meat by pastoralist hunters on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Huber Toni 
Published: March 2019

Cette contribution examine comment des communautés pastorales vivant sur le plateau tibétain démembrent les animaux sauvages après la chasse, puis distribuent la viande selon certains principes de partage. S'appuyant sur des données ethnographiques et des documents en langue tibétaine, cette étude montre que le démembrement et le partage de la viande de gibier étaient soumis à des règles bien définies et assez rigides, dont certaines sont très anciennes. Quatre modes de partage distincts sont identifiés : le premier met en avant la part du tueur, le second la part de l’étranger, le troisième consiste en un partage aléatoire et le quatrième en une différenciation symbolique. Alors que les trois premiers modes sont ethnographiquement attestés, le quatrième ne se retrouve que dans des récits mythiques idéalisés. L’argument de cet article est que les caractéristiques de ces modes puissent être expliquées en termes de valeurs et d'attentes relevant de différentes cosmologies qui se recoupent.
The Impact of Patient-Reported Penicillin Allergy on Risk for Surgical Site Infection in Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Stone Andrea H. , Kelmer Grayson , MacDonald James H. , Clance Mary R. , King Paul J. 
Published: March 2019

Background:
Penicillin (PCN) allergy is reported in 10% to 20% of the population; studies show that only 1% to 3% of patients have a true allergy. Most patients reporting a PCN allergy receive second-line antibiotic prophylaxis preoperatively, which raises concerns about antimicrobial efficacy. Studies also suggest that second-line antibiotics may increase the rate of surgical site infection (SSI). In this study we aim to analyze the effect of PCN allergy on antibiotic type prescribed and SSI in our total joint arthroplasty population.

Methods:
A retrospective review of 4,903 primary total hip and total knee arthroplasty performed from January 2015 to June 2017 in a single institution. A detailed chart review was performed to identify reported reactions and antibiotic prescribed.

Results:
Seven hundred ninety-six patients (16.2%) reported a PCN allergy; the reactions were classified into three tiers. Six hundred fifteen patients (12.5%) reported an IgE-mediated allergy, hypersensitivity, or a possible allergy; 89 (1.8%) reported an adverse effect; and 92 (1.9%) had an unknown reaction. Patients reporting a PCN allergy were less likely to receive cefazolin (94.9 versus 6.9%; P < 0.001) and more likely to receive clindamycin (1.1 versus 80.7%; P < 0.001) or vancomycin (4.0 versus 12.4%; P < 0.001). There was no difference in infection rate by reported PCN allergy (0.6 versus 0.4%; P = 0.473) or antibiotic prescribed (0.5 versus 0.6%; P = 0.4817).

Conclusion:
No patient with a PCN allergy and given cefazolin experienced a reaction; based on reported reactions, most patients with a PCN allergy can safely receive first-line antibiotic therapy. In this population, PCN allergy and second-line antibiotic therapy did not influence the rate of SSI.
İskemik İnmede TOAST ve BANFORD Sınıflaması ile Hemogram Parametrelerinin Mortalite Açısından Karşılaştırılması
Authors: AKYOL Ayşe Sadıka , AVCİ Akkan , GÜLEN Müge , AVCİ Begüm Şeyda , SATAR Salim 
Published: March 2019

Amaç: İskemik inme, mortalite ve morbiditesi yüksek, acil
servis ünitelerine sık başvuran hasta grubunu oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın
amacı, iskemik inme geçiren hastaların TOAST ve BANFORD sınıflaması
kullanılarak risk gruplarını belirlemek, eritrosit hacmi dağılımı (RDW) ve
trombosit dağılım hacmi (MPV) ile mortalite arasında ilişki olup olmadığını
araştırmaktır.

Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 01.07.2014-30.06.2016 tarihleri
arasında XXX Numune Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Acil Servisine başvuran ve
WHO kriterlerine göre iskemik inme tanısı alan, hastaneye yatırılan ve dosya
bilgileri yeterli olan 18 yaş ve üzeri hastalar alındı.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 404 hasta dahil edildi. Çalışmaya
alınan 404 hastanın %53,2’si (n=215) erkek, %46,8’i (n=189) kadındı. Hastaların
yaş gruplarına göre dağılımı incelendiğinde en büyük oranı %57,7 (n=233) ile 65
yaş üstü grubun aldığı görüldü. Hastalar, TOAST ve Banford sınıflamasına göre
gruplandırıldı. Hastaların TOAST sınıflamasına göre MPV ve RDW değerleri,
sırasıyla düşük riskli grupta 8,3±1,6, 15,7±2,3, yüksek riskli grupta ise
8,0±1,5, 16,0±2,4 (p=0,096, p=0,054) olarak saptandı. Hastaların Banford
sınıflamasına göre MPV ve RDW değerleri, sırasıyla düşük riskli grupta 7,9±1,5,
15,8±1,5, yüksek riskli grupta ise 8,2±1,6, 15,9±2,6 (p=0,167, p=0,943) olarak
saptandı.

Sonuç: İskemik inme tanılı hastaların acil servis
yönetiminde mortaliteyi tahmin etmede hematolojik parametrelerin
kullanılabilirliğini araştıran güncel araştırmalar mevcuttur. Çalışmamızda elde
ettiğimiz veriler ışığında hematolojik parametrelerin, özellikle MPV ve RDW
değerlerinin prognozu belirlemede etkili bir parametre olmadığı kanatine
varılmıştır.
Retracted: LncRNA THOR increases osteosarcoma cell stemness and migration by enhancing SOX9 mRNA stability
Authors: Wu Haojun , He Yanxia , Chen Hang , Liu Yanzhi , Wei Bo , Chen Guanghua , Lin Han , Lin Hao 
Published: March 2019

Although the long non‐coding RNA THOR has been reported to promote cancer stem cell expansion in liver cancer and gastric cancer, its effects on osteosarcoma (OS) cells remain unclear. Here, we investigated the roles of THOR in the stemness and migration of OS cells. We report that the level of THOR is remarkably upregulated in OS cell spheroids compared to that in OS adherent cells. THOR overexpression increased spheroid formation ability and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) activity in OS adherent cells, and the opposite effect was observed in spheroids with THOR knockdown. Additionally, the spheroids formed by OS adherent cells exhibited a stronger migration ability, which was attenuated by THOR knockdown, and THOR overexpression increased OS cell migration. Mechanistically, mRNA stability, luciferase reporter, and RNA–RNA in vitro interaction assays indicated that THOR can directly bind to the middle region of the SOX9 3′‐untranslated region (UTR), and enhances its mRNA stability, thereby increasing its expression. Notably, SOX9 knockdown reduced the ability of THOR overexpression to promote the stemness of OS cells. These findings indicate that the lncRNA THOR can promote the stemness and migration of OS cells by directly binding to the middle region of SOX9 3′UTR, thereby enhancing SOX9 mRNA stability and increasing its expression; thus, we provide information that may be of use in identifying potential targets for OS treatment.
Visible Light‐Driven, Room Temperature Heck‐Type Reaction of Alkyl Halides with Styrene Derivatives Catalyzed by B12 Complex
Authors: Chen Li , Hisaeda Yoshio , Shimakoshi Hisashi 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA visible light driven Heck‐type coupling reaction of alkyl halides with styrene and its derivatives catalyzed by the cobalamin derivative (B12) with the [Ru(bpy)3]Cl2 photosensitizer at room temperature is reported. The catalytic efficiencies of the B12 catalyst were compared to that of other cobalt complexes such as cobaloxime. Various control experiments supported a radical‐based mechanism similar to those for typical B12 model reactions. A unique coupling reaction combined with 1,2‐migration of the functional group is also reported. Mild reaction conditions using an environmentally benign cobalt catalyst derived from the natural B12 provided a practical protocol for the synthetic organic chemistry of the B12 catalyzed reaction system.magnified image
High‐Rate and Large‐Capacity Lithium Metal Anode Enabled by Volume Conformal and Self‐Healable Composite Polymer Electrolyte
Authors: Xia Shuixin , Lopez Jeffrey , Liang Chao , Zhang Zhichu , Bao Zhenan , Cui Yi , Liu Wei 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe widespread implementation of lithium‐metal batteries (LMBs) with Li metal anodes of high energy density has long been prevented due to the safety concern of dendrite‐related failure. Here a solid–liquid hybrid electrolyte consisting of composite polymer electrolyte (CPE) soaked with liquid electrolyte is reported. The CPE membrane composes of self‐healing polymer and Li+‐conducting nanoparticles. The electrodeposited lithium metal in a uniform, smooth, and dense behavior is achieved using a hybrid electrolyte, rather than dendritic and pulverized structure for a conventional separator. The Li foil symmetric cells can deliver remarkable cycling performance at ultrahigh current density up to 20 mA cm−2 with an extremely low voltage hysteresis over 1500 cycles. A large areal capacity of 10 mAh cm−2 at 10 mA cm−2 could also be obtained. Furthermore, the Li|Li4Ti5O12 cells based on the hybrid electrolyte achieve a higher specific capacity and longer cycling life than those using conventional separators. The superior performances are mainly attributed to strong adhesion, volume conformity, and self‐healing functionality of CPE, providing a novel approach and a significant step toward cost‐effective and large‐scalable LMBs.
Collaboration with Urban Community Stakeholders: Refining Paraprofessional‐led Services to Promote Positive Parenting
Authors: Mehta Tara G. , Lakind Davielle , Rusch Dana , Walden Angela L. , Cua Grace , Atkins Marc S. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis paper describes the process of a community–academic partnership to navigate implementation challenges for a school‐based service model led by paraprofessionals to promote positive parenting in high poverty urban communities. We describe the process by which we (a) identified implementation challenges, (b) sustained a university–community collaboration to redesign the paraprofessional service model, and (c) assessed the feasibility of the new model involving four social service agencies in 16 schools with over 600 families. The structure and process of the collaboration and refinement are described with attention to who was best positioned to engage in the collaboration and how the partnership worked to balance scientific rigor with responsiveness to paraprofessional workforce strengths. Feasibility data indicated that the revised model was successfully implemented by paraprofessional staff; 92.2% of possible staff monthly reports were completed and discussion of key goals was incorporated into 94.2% of interactions. Continual monitoring provided critical feedback from stakeholders as we drew on and interpreted these various sources of information to build and refine the service model. We suggest that these processes are critical steps to bridge the research‐to‐practice gap, by promoting practices that are aligned with the needs of children and families, and the staff who serve them.
Eine peptidvermittelte Selbstspaltungsreaktion initiiert die Tyrosinaseaktivierung
Authors: Kampatsikas Ioannis , Bijelic Aleksandar , Pretzler Matthias , Rompel Annette 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDie Umwandlung inaktiver pro‐Polyphenoloxidase (pro‐PPO) zum aktiven Enzym erfolgt durch die proteolytische Abspaltung seiner C‐terminalen Domäne. Dieser Artikel beschreibt einen peptidvermittelten Spaltprozess, der in der Aktivierung von pro‐MdPPO1 (von Malus domestica) resultiert. Eine Kombination aus massenspektrometrischen Untersuchungen, Mutationsstudien und Röntgenkristallstrukturanalysen wurde an pro‐MdPPO1 selbst (1.35 Å) sowie an zwei separaten C‐terminalen Domänen, eine nach Selbstspaltung (Ccleaved) von pro‐MdPPO1 (1.35 Å) und eine zweite, unabhängig hergestellte (Csole) (1.05 Å), durchgeführt, um strukturelle Merkmale, die für die beobachtete Selbstspaltung verantwortlich sind, zu identifizieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Sequenz Lys 355–Val 370, die sich in der Linkerregion zwischen der aktiven und der C‐terminalen Domäne befindet, für die Selbstspaltung unverzichtbar ist, da eine Mutante, der diese Peptidsequenz fehlt, keine Selbstspaltung zeigt. Das Einfügen eines Teils dieses Peptids (Lys 352–Ala 360) in die Sequenz zweier anderer PPOs, MdPPO2 und Auronsynthase (CgAUS1), löste in den resultierenden Mutanten eine Selbstspaltung aus. Dies ist der erste experimentelle Nachweis eines Peptids, das eine Selbstspaltung von PPOs induziert. Damit wurde ein neuer Aktivierungsmodus für diese Enzymklasse entdeckt, der keiner externen Protease bedarf.