bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiopulmonary-induced deformations of the thoracic aorta following thoracic endovascular aortic repair
Authors: Suh Ga-Young , Ullery Brant W. , Lee Jason T. , Dake Michael D. , Fleischmann Dominik , Cheng Christopher 
Published: November 2018

Objectives Thoracic endovascular aortic repair has become a preferred treatment strategy for thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections. Yet, it is not well understood if the performance of endografts is affected by physiologic strain due to cyclic aortic motion during cardiac pulsation and respiration. We aim to quantify cardiac- and respiratory-induced changes of the postthoracic endovascular aortic repair thoracic aorta and endograft geometries. Methods Fifteen thoracic endovascular aortic repair patients (66 ± 10 years) underwent cardiac-resolved computed tomography angiographies during inspiratory/expiratory breath holds. The computed tomography angiography images were utilized to build models of the aorta, and lumen centerlines and cross-sections were extracted. Arclength and curvature were computed from the lumen centerline. Effective diameter was computed from cross-sections of the thoracic aorta. Deformation was computed from the mid-diastole to end-systole (cardiac deformation) and expiration to inspiration (respiratory deformation). Results Cardiac pulsation induced significant changes in arclength, mean curvature, maximum curvature change, and effective diameter of the ascending aorta, as well as effective diameter of the stented aortic segment. Respiration, however, induced significant change in mean curvature and effective diameter of the ascending aorta only. Cardiac-induced arclength change of the ascending aorta was significantly greater than respiratory-induced arclength change. Conclusions Deformations are present across the thoracic aorta due to cardiopulmonary influences after thoracic endovascular aortic repair. The geometric deformations are greatest in the ascending aorta and decline at the stented thoracic aorta. Additional investigation is warranted to correlate aortic deformation to endograft performance.
Challenges and opportunities in building critical health literacy
Authors: Sykes Susie , Wills Jane 
Published: November 2018

Background: Critical health literacy is the least explored domain of health literacy and is addressed by few projects seeking to build health literacy. Lack of research means there is little evidence upon which to design effective interventions. Yet critical health literacy offers potential for individuals and communities to make important contributions to their own and society’s health. This paper reports on an evaluation of a community project designed to develop critical health literacy. Method: The evaluation explored, (a) processes used to build critical health literacy and (b) the impact on the critical health literacy of participants. A mixed methods approach was used combining a pre-and post-intervention assessment of 14 of the 24 participants using the All Aspects of Health Literacy Scale, with participant focus groups and facilitator interviews. Results: Strategies used to build critical health literacy included informal and participatory learning, supported and independent assessment of the problem, appraising information, familiarisation of health systems and services, and social support. Common to these was learning within the context of participants’ lives. Fewer strategies encouraged empowerment and political action. The evaluation showed slight improvements in some critical health literacy competencies: the ability to critically appraise health information and apply it to the context of their own lives and being able to critically question health professionals based on an individual’s own research. However, there was no change in participants’ ability to understand the determinants of health or involvement in activities for social and political change. Conclusion: Informal, participatory community projects can successfully build many characteristics of critical health literacy. However, the political action element of critical health literacy remains the least well understood and faces particular challenges in its implementation.
Timing of Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Ankle Fractures
Authors: Tantigate Direk , Ho Gavin , Kirschenbaum Joshua , Bäcker Henrik , Asherman Benjamin , Freibott Christina , Greisberg Justin K. , Vosseller J. Turner 
Published: November 2018

Background. Unstable ankle fractures are treated with open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) to prevent posttraumatic arthritis. Typically, ORIF is performed as an ambulatory surgery several days to a few weeks after injury. It is unclear what effect this delay may have on functional outcome. This study aimed to assess the effect of timing of ankle ORIF on wound complications and functional outcome. Methods. A retrospective review of 121 patients who underwent ankle ORIF was performed. A total of 58 patients had a follow-up of at least 24 months. Time between injury and surgery greater than 14 days was defined as “delayed.” Demographic variables, injury characteristics, length of surgery, and postoperative stay were documented. Comparison of demographic variables, wound complications, and functional outcome determined by Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) was performed. Results. 118 patients were included. The duration between injury and surgery was 6 days in the “early” group and 19 days in the “delayed” group. There were no significant differences in demographic variables, injury characteristics, and length of surgery between the groups. Wound complications in the early and delayed groups were 5% and 11.8%, although this difference was not statistically significant. Among 58 patients who had a follow-up of at least 24 months, the median follow-up time was 38 (range, 24-76) months. Each subscale of FAOS demonstrated no significant difference. Conclusion. Ankle ORIF more than 14 days after injury did not significantly increase the rate of wound complication, nor did it impair ultimate functional outcome in this group. Levels of Evidence: Level III
Attainment of lipid goals and long-term mortality after coronary-artery bypass surgery
Authors: Zafrir Barak , Saliba Walid , Jaffe Ronen , Sliman Hussein , Flugelman Moshe Y , Sharoni Erez 
Published: November 2018

IntroductionThere is paucity of data regarding lipid goal attainment after coronary-artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) and its impact on adverse outcomes. We aimed to investigate the attainment of lipid goals and the association between plasma lipid levels achieved after CABG and mortality.MethodsRetrospective analysis of 1230 patients undergoing CABG. Mortality was examined in relation to most-recent lipid levels attained, categorized by clinically-relevant thresholds, and according to the improvement from pre-operative levels.ResultsLow-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) < 70 mg/dL was attained by 44% of the patients. After multivariable adjustment, the hazard ratio for long-term mortality was 1.33 (95% confidence interval, 1.05–1.67) and 1.97 (1.55–2.50) for patients attaining LDL-C 70–100 mg/dL and >100 mg/dL, respectively, compared with LDL-C < 70 mg/dL. The hazard ratio was 1.42 (1.07–1.88) and 1.73 (1.33–2.23) for patients attaining high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) 40–50 mg/dL and <40 mg/dL, respectively, compared with HDL-C > 50 mg/dL; and 1.11 (0.85–1.45) and 4.28 (1.89–9.68) for patients with triglycerides 200–500 mg/dL and >500 mg/dL compared with triglycerides <200 mg/dL. A progressive stepwise association was seen between the cumulative status of the lipid measures achieved and long-term mortality, with the lowest risk observed in those with optimal level of all lipid measures ( p < 0.0001). Improvement in any of the lipid measures from pre-operative to latest documented levels was associated with reduced mortality.ConclusionsLack of attainment of optimal levels of routine lipid measures after CABG was common and associated both independently and additively with long-term mortality, emphasizing the importance of addressing plasma lipid profile as both a risk marker and a treatment target after CABG.
Exposure to Adverse Childhood Experiences and Oral Health Measures in Adulthood: Findings from the 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
Authors: Akinkugbe A.A. , Hood K.B. , Brickhouse T.H. 
Published: November 2018

Introduction: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are negative life events occurring before the age of 18 y. ACEs are risk factors for heart disease and diabetes in adult life. Furthermore, individuals who experience ACEs are more likely to smoke and become obese—factors associated with poor oral health. Objective: This study investigated likely associations between ACEs and the oral health measures of the 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). Methods: Data from 16,354 participants of the 2010 BRFSS were analyzed with SAS 9.4. ACE scores were calculated in 2 domains: abuse (emotional, physical, or sexual) and household challenges (parental separation or divorce, intimate partner violence, household substance abuse, household mental illness, and incarceration). ACE scores, ranging from 0 to 8, were categorized into 0, 1, 2, 3, and ≥4. The 2010 BRFSS oral health measures included >1 y since last dental visit, ≥6 teeth extracted, and ≥2 y since last dental cleaning. Survey logistic regression estimated prevalence odds ratios and 95% CIs, adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and educational attainment. Results: The weighted mean ACE score was 1.74 (95% CI = 1.68 to 1.81), and the weighted and age-standardized percentages of study participants with ACE scores of 0, 1, 2, 3, and ≥4 were 33.1%, 24.3%, 14.9%, 9.69%, and 18.1%, respectively. There appeared to be a dose-response association between categories of ACE scores and the oral health measures. Specifically, when compared with participants with an ACE score of 0, participants with ACE scores of 1, 2, 3, and ≥4 had adjusted prevalence odds ratios (95% CIs) of 1.10 (0.82 to 1.47), 1.20 (0.90 to 1.60), 1.35 (0.98 to 1.85), and 1.72 (1.31 to 2.26), respectively, for reporting ≥2 y since last dental cleaning. Conclusions: Findings suggest that ACEs may be associated with poor oral health measures in adulthood, even after adjusting for important oral diseases risk factors. Longitudinal follow-up studies are needed to delineate pathways by which this relationship occurs. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Our findings indicate that exposure to childhood trauma may have negative impacts on oral health in adulthood. Oral health practitioners need to be aware of the potential impacts of childhood trauma on health behaviors that ultimately affect oral health outcomes.
Reliability of a multi‐segment foot model in a neutral cushioning shoe during treadmill walking
Authors: Balsdon Megan E. R. , Dombroski Colin E. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundDetailed kinematics of the foot has been frequently reported on in the literature, specifically using various multi‐segment foot models. It is important to identify the reliability of a multi‐segment foot model in a population of mixed genders and activity levels, while walking in commonly used footwear. The main objective of this study was to investigate the between‐day reliability and within‐session variability of the Oxford Foot Model (OFM) while walking in a neutral cushioning shoe.MethodsA 7‐camera Vicon motion capture system was used along with 29 passive reflective markers, placed on the participant to examine the multi‐segment foot kinematics of the left foot using the OFM. Windows were cut in New Balance 840 shoes following reports from a previous investigation to maintain shoe integrity during testing. Two walking sessions on separate days were collected for 12 healthy participants, with an average total of 22 gait cycles per day.ResultsICCs ranged from 0.020 to 0.964 for between‐day reliability, and within‐session ICC values ranged from 0.268 to 0.985. Between‐day ICC values of the relative measures (excursion and range of motion (ROM)) were higher than the absolute angle measures (angle at foot strike and peak angle). Largest differences were measured in the transverse plane, and the smallest differences in the sagittal plane. Bland‐Altman plots revealed best agreement in the frontal and sagittal planes. SEM values ranged from 0.04 to 3.5 for the between‐day reliability.ConclusionsBetween‐day reliability and within‐session variability were comparable to previous studies for adults walking barefoot and shod. This research demonstrates that the OFM can produce reliable data when applied to the assessment of a shod foot.
Modified bolster dressing with continuous suction improves skin graft survival for an oral cavity wound
Authors: Lee Eunkyu , Park Song I , Kim Donghyeok , Jin Hokyung , Jeong Han-Sin 
Published: November 2018

Background Skin engraftment of intraoral defects is known to be inconsistent due to mobility of the oral structure, uneven wounds, and accumulation of saliva under the skin graft. To improve the success rate of oral skin graft, we proposed a novel and simple dressing technique for intraoral skin graft to control saliva accumulation, in comparison with the conventional bolster dressing. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 31 patients reconstructed with skin graft in their intraoral defect. The patients were divided into two groups; conventional bolster group ( n = 21) and modified bolster group ( n = 10). In the modified bolster group, a polyvinyl alcohol sponge was designed to fit the skin graft and a suction drain was inserted with tagging suture to apply continuous suction. We analyzed the success rate, the size of the skin grafts and clinical variables of each method. Results The overall success rate of oral skin graft was not different between the two groups (90.0 and 90.5%). However, partial necrosis in the engrafted skin was observed frequently in the control group (57.1% versus 20.0%). The relative engrafted area was significantly higher in the modified bolster group (55.0 ± 11.6% versus 23.0 ± 18.7%, p = 0.015). The duration of bolster dressing and the time to start an oral diet were shorter in the modified bolster group. Conclusions Our modified method could be easily applied for removing saliva accumulation under a skin graft and for enhancing skin engraftment of an oral cavity wound.
The Pituitary Is a Candidate Organ That Modulates Circulating Klotho Levels
Authors: Sato Tetsuhiko , Komaba Hirotaka , Nagatani Tetsuya , Watanabe Tadashi , Kishida Yugo , Fukagawa Masafumi 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Context
The antiaging protein Klotho is shed and released into the blood stream (soluble Klotho). Growth hormone (GH) is considered an active Klotho regulator, because growth retardation is described in Klotho-deficient mice. The origin of circulating Klotho is, however, not fully understood.

Objectives
Our objective was to analyze a possible role of the pituitary in regulating soluble Klotho in patients with pituitary adenomas.

Patients, Design, and Setting
We analyzed serum levels of soluble Klotho, GH, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) from 21 consecutive patients in our center with pituitary tumor, 7 with GH-producing adenomas (GHomas), and 14 with non–GH-producing pituitary adenomas (non-GHomas), before and after endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery (eTSS).

Main Outcome Measure
Soluble Klotho levels were determined by ELISA with antihuman Klotho antibodies.

Results
Baseline soluble Klotho levels in all patients, those with GHoma and those with non-GHoma, were 542 (median) (interquartile range: 403, 652), 1083 (425, 1213), and 525 (399, 590), respectively. A drastic reduction in Klotho levels was identified in those with GHoma, accompanied by decreases in GH and IGF-1 levels, after eTSS. Interestingly, patients with non-GHoma had significant declines in soluble Klotho without any significant changes in GH levels. Moreover, an oral glucose tolerance test revealed that soluble Klotho levels decreased, whereas a paradoxical GH peak was observed after glucose intake in a patient with GHoma.

Conclusions
Our data suggest that the pituitary may be a key organ that regulates circulating Klotho concentrations, implying that the pituitary possibly controls circulating Klotho through GH-dependent and/or GH-independent mechanisms.
Long non-coding RNA PICSAR decreases adhesion and promotes migration of squamous carcinoma cells by downregulating α2β1 and α5β1 integrin expression
Authors: Piipponen Minna , Heino Jyrki , Kähäri Veli-Matti , Nissinen Liisa 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate various cellular processes, and they have emerged as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer. We have previously characterized the oncogenic role of lncRNA PICSAR (p38 inhibited cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma associated lincRNA) in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), the most common metastatic skin cancer. In this study, we show that knockdown of PICSAR in cSCC cells upregulates expression of α2, α5 and β1 integrins, resulting in increased cell adhesion and decreased cell migration on collagen I and fibronectin. In contrast, overexpression of PICSAR in cSCC cells downregulates expression of α2, α5 and β1 integrins on cell surface, resulting in decreased cell adhesion on collagen I and fibronectin and increased cell migration. These results demonstrate a novel mechanism for regulation of the expression of collagen and fibronectin binding integrins by lncRNA PICSAR, leading to altered adhesion and migration of cSCC cells.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Optimization of extraction of genomic DNA from archived dried blood spot (DBS): potential application in epidemiological research & bio banking
Authors: Kumar Abhinendra , Mhatre Sharayu , Godbole Sheela , Jha Prabhat , Dikshit Rajesh 
Published: November 2018

Background:Limited infrastructure is available to collect, store and transport venous blood in field epidemiological studies. Dried blood spot (DBS) is a robust potential alternative sample source for epidemiological studies & bio banking. A stable source of genomic DNA (gDNA) is required for long term storage in bio bank for its downstream applications. Our objective is to optimize the methods of gDNA extraction from stored DBS and with the aim of revealing its utility in large scale epidemiological studies. Methods:The purpose of this study was to extract the maximum amount of gDNA from DBS on Whatman 903 protein saver card. gDNA was extracted through column (Qiagen) & magnetic bead based (Invitrogen) methods. Quantification of extracted gDNA was performed with a spectrophotometer, fluorometer, and integrity analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Result:Large variation was observed in quantity & purity (260/280 ratio, 1.8-2.9) of the extracted gDNA. The intact gDNA bands on the electrophoresis gel reflect the robustness of DBS for gDNA even after prolonged storage time. The extracted gDNA amount 2.16 – 24 ng/µl is sufficient for its PCR based downstream application, but unfortunately it can’t be used for whole genome sequencing or genotyping from extracted gDNA. Sequencing or genotyping can be achieved by after increasing template copy number through whole genome amplification of extracted gDNA. The obtained results create a base for future research to develop high-throughput research and extraction methods from blood samples.Conclusion:The above results reveal, DBS can be utilized as a potential and robust sample source for bio banking in field epidemiological studies.
Active Acquisition for multimodal neuroimaging
Authors: Cole James H. , Lorenz Romy , Geranmayeh Fatemeh , Wood Tobias , Hellyer Peter , Williams Steven , Turkheimer Federico , Leech Robert 
Published: November 2018

In many clinical and scientific situations the optimal neuroimaging sequence may not be known prior to scanning and may differ for each individual being scanned, depending on the exact nature and location of abnormalities. Despite this, the standard approach to data acquisition, in such situations, is to specify the sequence of neuroimaging scans prior to data acquisition and to apply the same scans to all individuals. In this paper, we propose and illustrate an alternative approach, in which data would be analysed as it is acquired and used to choose the future scanning sequence: Active Acquisition. We propose three Active Acquisition scenarios based around multiple MRI modalities. In Scenario 1, we propose a simple use of near-real time analysis to decide whether to acquire more or higher resolution data, or acquire data with a different field-of-view. In Scenario 2, we simulate how multimodal MR data could be actively acquired and combined with a decision tree to classify a known outcome variable (in the simple example here, age). In Scenario 3, we simulate using Bayesian optimisation to actively search across multiple MRI modalities to find those which are most abnormal. These simulations suggest that by actively acquiring data, the scanning sequence can be adapted to each individual. We also consider the many outstanding practical and technical challenges involving normative data acquisition, MR physics, statistical modelling and clinical relevance. Despite these, we argue that Active Acquisition allows for potentially far more powerful, sensitive or rapid data acquisition, and may open up different perspectives on individual differences, clinical conditions, and biomarker discovery.
PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS INTERDISCIPLINARES COM O USO DE TEXTOS MULTIMODAIS
Authors: Amorim Evandro Dias , Lira Mirtes Ribeiro de 
Published: November 2018

Resumo: A implementação de práticas pedagógicas interdisciplinares demanda a adoção de ações docentes inovadoras, capazes de promover a reorganização e ressignificação do conhecimento, como forma de adequar o ensino às reais necessidades da sociedade hodierna, e a multimodalidade por ser um fenômeno dinâmico, que congrega múltiplas linguagens e representações, torna-se um dos suportes imprescindíveis para a concretização destas ações. Este artigo apresenta um estudo sobre a produção científica nos mestrados profissionais em educação acerca de práticas pedagógicas interdisciplinares pautadas na utilização de textos multimodais. A pesquisa foi realizada no Banco de Dissertações dos Mestrados Profissionais em Educação em funcionamento no país e estendeu-se também aos seguintes periódicos: Revista Brasileira de Educação/ANPED, Educação e Pesquisa/USP e Educação e Realidade/UFRGS. O estudo foi direcionado às produções desenvolvidas entre os anos de 2012 e 2016. Os resultados obtidos na pesquisa demostram que os estudos referentes às práticas pedagógicas interdisciplinares e à utilização de recursos linguísticos multimodais na prática docente são ainda muito incipientes, tanto nos mestrados profissionais em educação, quanto nos periódicos acima referenciados. Abstract: The implementation of interdisciplinary pedagogical practices demands the adoption of innovative teaching actions, capable of promoting the reorganization and re-signification of knowledge, as a way of adapting teaching to the real needs of today's society, and multimodality as a dynamic phenomenon, that assembles multiple languages and representations, it becomes one of the indispensable supports for the accomplishment of these actions.. This article presents a study about the scientific production in the education professional master about interdisciplinary pedagogical practices based on the use of multimodal texts. The research was carried out in the Bank of Dissertations of Education Professional Master in operation in the country and also extended to the following periodicals: Brazilian Journal of Education / ANPED, Education and Research / USP and Education and Reality / UFRGS. The study was directed to the productions developed between the years 2012 and 2016. The results obtained in the research show that the studies referring to interdisciplinary pedagogical practices and the use of multimodal linguistic resources in teaching practice are still very incipient, both in professional masters in education and in the periodicals mentioned above.