bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Scoping Review of the Evidence About the Nurses Improving Care for Healthsystem Elders (NICHE) Program
Authors: Squires Allison , Murali Komal Patel , Greenberg Sherry A , Herrmann Linda L , D’amico Catherine O 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe Nurses Improving Care for Healthsystem Elders (NICHE) is a nurse-led education and consultation program designed to help health care organizations improve the quality of care for older adults. To conduct a scoping review of the evidence associated with the NICHE program to (a) understand how it influences patient outcomes through specialized care of the older adult and (b) provide an overview of implementation of the NICHE program across organizations as well as its impact on nursing professionals and the work environment.Research Design and MethodsSix databases were searched to identify NICHE-related articles between January 1992 and April 2019. After critical appraisal, 43 articles were included.ResultsFour thematic categories were identified including specialized older adult care, geriatric resource nurse (GRN) model, work environment, and NICHE program adoption and refinement. Specialized older adult care, a key feature of NICHE programs, resulted in improved quality of care, patient safety, lower complications, and decreased length of stay. The GRN model emphasizes specialized geriatric care education and consultation. Improvements in the geriatric nurse work environment as measured by perceptions of the practice environment, quality of care, and aging-sensitive care delivery have been reported. NICHE program adoption and refinement focuses on the methods used to improve care, implementation and adoption of the NICHE program, and measuring its impact.Discussion and ImplicationsThe evidence about the NICHE program in caring for older adults is promising but more studies examining patient outcomes and the impact on health care professionals are needed.
Constraints on the location, depth and yield of the 2017 September 3 North Korean nuclear test from InSAR measurements and modelling
Authors: Sreejith K M , Agrawal Ritesh , Rajawat A S 
Published: October 2019

SUMMARYThe Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) conducted its sixth and largest affirmed underground nuclear test on 2017 September 3. Analysis of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data revealed detailed surface displacements associated with the nuclear explosion. The nuclear explosion produced large-scale surface deformation causing decorrelation of the InSAR data directly above the test site, Mt. Mantap, while the flanks of the Mountain experienced displacements up to 0.5 m along the Line-of-Sight of the Satellite. We determined source parameters of the explosion using the Bayesian inversion of the InSAR data. The explosive yield was estimated as 245–271 kiloton (kt) of TNT, while the previous yield estimations range from 70–400 kt. We determined the nuclear source at a depth of 542 ± 30 m below Mt. Mantap (129.0769°E, 41.0324°N). We demonstrated that the Bayesian modelling of the InSAR data reduces the uncertainties in the source parameters of the nuclear test, particularly the yield and source depth that are otherwise poorly resolved in seismic methods.
Ovarian stimulation for freeze-all IVF cycles: a systematic review
Authors: Mizrachi Yossi , Horowitz Eran , Farhi Jacob , Raziel Arieh , Weissman Ariel 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Freeze-all IVF cycles are becoming increasingly prevalent for a variety of clinical indications. However, the actual treatment objectives and preferred treatment regimens for freeze-all cycles have not been clearly established.

OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE
We aimed to conduct a systematic review of all aspects of ovarian stimulation for freeze-all cycles.

SEARCH METHODS
A comprehensive search in Medline, Embase and The Cochrane Library was performed. The search strategy included keywords related to freeze-all, cycle segmentation, cumulative live birth rate, preimplantation genetic diagnosis, preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy, fertility preservation, oocyte donation and frozen-thawed embryo transfer. We included relevant studies published in English from 2000 to 2018.

OUTCOMES
Our search generated 3292 records. Overall, 69 articles were included in the final review. Good-quality evidence indicates that in freeze-all cycles the cumulative live birth rate increases as the number of oocytes retrieved increases. Although the risk of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is virtually eliminated in freeze-all cycles, there are certain risks associated with retrieval of large oocyte cohorts. Therefore, ovarian stimulation should be planned to yield between 15 and 20 oocytes. The early follicular phase is currently the preferred starting point for ovarian stimulation, although luteal phase stimulation can be used if necessary. The improved safety associated with the GnRH antagonist regimen makes it the regimen of choice for ovarian stimulation in freeze-all cycles. Ovulation triggering with a GnRH agonist almost completely eliminates the risk of OHSS without affecting oocyte and embryo quality and is therefore the trigger of choice. The addition of low-dose hCG in a dual trigger has been suggested to improve oocyte and embryo quality, but further research in freeze-all cycles is required. Moderate-quality evidence indicates that in freeze-all cycles, a moderate delay of 2–3 days in ovulation triggering may result in the retrieval of an increased number of mature oocytes without impairing the pregnancy rate. There are no high-quality studies evaluating the effects of sustained supraphysiological estradiol (E2) levels on the safety and efficacy of freeze-all cycles. However, no significant adverse effects have been described. There is conflicting evidence regarding the effect of late follicular progesterone elevation in freeze-all cycles.

WIDER IMPLICATIONS
Ovarian stimulation for freeze-all cycles is different in many aspects from conventional stimulation for fresh IVF cycles. Optimisation of ovarian stimulation for freeze-all cycles should result in enhanced treatment safety along with improved cumulative live birth rates and should become the focus of future studies.
The rapid expansion of yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) spawning ground in the East China Sea is linked to increasing recruitment and spawning stock biomass
Authors: Sassa Chiyuki , Takahashi Motomitsu , Konishi Yoshinobu , Yoshimasa Aonuma , Tsukamoto Youichi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Biomass of the yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata, an important fishery resource in Japan, has increased about threefold over the past 20 years to ∼300 thousand metric tons. We examined the interannual variations in distribution and abundance of S. quinqueradiata larvae [4.2–7.9 mm body length (BL), ∼7 to 18 days after hatching], based on sampling surveys over a broad area of the shelf-break region of the East China Sea (ECS) in April, the main spawning period, over 15 years (2001–2015). High abundances of larvae were found in the northern ECS off the southwestern coast of Kyushu Island throughout the survey period. After 2010, the larvae began to occur abundantly also in the southern ECS south of 29°30′N, indicating a southward expansion of the spawning ground. There has been a significant positive trend of larval abundance over the whole ECS during the 15 years, which was mainly due to the sharp increase in larval abundance in the southern ECS after 2010. Although interannual variation in larval abundance was not related to environmental conditions (temperature, salinity, and chlorophyll a concentration), it was closely correlated with the spawning stock biomass. This indicates that the increasing trend of larvae was related to the increase in egg production in the ECS. Also, the larval abundance showed a weak positive correlation with recruitment, suggesting that the increased larval abundance has, in part, contributed to high recruitment.
Does regulation of illegal content need reconsideration in light of blockchains?
Authors: Schellekens Maurice 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Blockchains are increasingly being used for content distribution, sometimes as an unwanted side effect of blockchain applications that have other primary purposes, sometimes as intended content distribution. The typical characteristics of a blockchain such as its claimed immutability raise new questions as to what preventive measures can reasonably be demanded from blockchain intermediaries, and managers of nodes in particular. The article asks whether the exemptions introduced in the Directive on e-Commerce can be applied, what mitigating or preventive measures other than Notice-and-Takedown can be applied and how governmental regulators should react.
Mauritian Courts and the Protection of the Rights of Asylum Seekers in the Absence of Dedicated Legislation
Authors: Mujuzi Jamil Ddamulira 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Mauritius became a party to the 1951 Refugee Convention through succession but is yet to accede to the 1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees. It has signed but not yet ratified the OAU Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa and has not signed the African Union Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa. Unlike many other countries in Africa, Mauritius has not yet enacted domestic legislation dealing with the issue of refugees. However, international human rights obligations and domestic legislation allow the rights of asylum seekers to be protected in Mauritius. This article argues that the principle of non-refoulement bars Mauritius from extraditing or deporting an asylum seeker to a country where he or she will be persecuted or where his or her rights will be violated, and that asylum seekers and citizens are equally protected by the Constitution with regard to absolute rights. However, limitations may be imposed on asylum seekers in their enjoyment of non-absolute rights. For such limitations to be lawful, they must aim to achieve the objectives stipulated in section 3 of the Constitution.
From Unpleasant to Unbearable—Why and How to Implement an Upper Limit to Pain and Other Forms of Suffering in Research with Animals
Authors: Olsson I Anna S , J Nicol Christine , Niemi Steven M , Sandøe Peter 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe focus of this paper is the requirement that the use of live animals in experiments and in vivo assays should never be allowed if those uses involve severe suffering. This requirement was first implemented in Danish legislation, was later adopted by the European Union, and has had limited uptake in North America. Animal suffering can arise from exposure to a wide range of different external and internal events that threaten biological or social functions, while the severity of suffering may be influenced by the animals’ perceptions of their own situation and the degree of control they are able to exert. Severe suffering is more than an incremental increase in negative state(s) but involves a qualitative shift whereby the normal mechanisms to contain or keep negative states at arm’s length no longer function. The result of severe suffering will be a loss of the ability of cope. The idea of putting a cap on severe suffering may be justified from multiple ethical perspectives. In most, if not all, cases it is possible to avoid imposing severe suffering on animals during experiments without giving up the potential benefits of finding new ways to cure, prevent, or alleviate serious human diseases and generate other important knowledge. From this it follows that there is a strong ethical case to favor a regulatory ban on animal experiments involving severe suffering.
Morphometric estimation of copepod carbon biomass in coastal Antarctica: a case study in Prydz Bay
Authors: Kerkar Anvita U , Venkataramana Vankara , Tripathy Sarat C 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Estimation of copepod carbon (C) biomass is essential in studies of secondary production and ecology in aquatic systems. The coastal Antarctic region belonging to the Indian Ocean sector of the Southern Ocean is a globally well-known sink for carbon and is extremely sensitive to climate change. During the austral summer, an attempt was made in Prydz Bay to measure copepod prosomal length and use regression equations to derive copepod C-biomass. The technique involved microscopic measurements, by means of a digital imaging device, of copepods collected at four intervals during a period of 48 hr, and the application of appropriate conversion factors to convert these values into C-biomass. Totals of 10.38 mgC m–3 and 25.55 mgC m–3 were recorded in the upper 200 m on day 1 and day 2, respectively. Out of the six copepod species present, Paraeuchaeta antarctica (Giesbrecht, 1902) (31.12 ± 11.10 µg m–3) and Oithona similis (Claus, 1866) (1.01 ± 0.42 µg m–3) represented the highest contributors to C-biomass amongst the calanoids and cyclopoids, respectively. Reports on copepod C-biomass estimates in general are extremely sparse. To our knowledge, this study is the first of its kind in the study area that provides species-specific estimates of C at every time point using a labor-saving and non-destructive method that allows preservation of the samples for further analyses. Based on the C estimates from our study, it can be said that copepod community is an extremely important component of the carbon cycle in coastal Antarctica.
CMC Is Dead, Long Live CMC!: Situating Computer-Mediated Communication Scholarship Beyond the Digital Age
Authors: Carr Caleb T 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAs the term “computer” and the processes and effects of technologies in human communication broaden, there is a need to have an accounting of the computer-mediated communication (CMC) subdiscipline. After identifying some of the changes that have occurred in both devices and our theories of CMC, suggestions are offered for how to uniquely situate CMC in the future. Ultimately, this article calls for a realignment of CMC scholarship away from focusing on the technological devices and toward an increased focus on the process, role, and effects of mediation. A litmus test whereby future researchers, authors, reviewers, and editors can help assess whether a study is of CMC or simply uses CMC is offered, and in doing so this work provides a foundation to develop theory and scholarship germane to the context of mediated interaction for the future.
A multi-sector model of relatedness, growth and industry clustering
Authors: Bond-Smith Steven C , McCann Philip 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article builds an understanding of regional innovation specialisation by developing a multi-sector model with endogenous growth through quality improving innovations and spillovers from related technologies. The model provides an approach to incorporate the relatedness literature within the mainstream theoretical frameworks of endogenous growth and economic geography. Each firm’s technology sector and the location of other firms play a role in each firm’s ability to improve its own technology. As a result, firms prefer to co-locate in technologically compatible clusters. Without relying on scale assumptions, the model for the first time coherently links related variety knowledge spillovers to mainstream urban economic frameworks and demonstrates that clustering is possible in both core and peripheral areas.
Undermining the Consensus-Building and List-Based Standards in Export Controls: What the US Export Controls Act Means to the Global Export Control Regime
Authors: Whang Cindy 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
On 13 August 2018, US President Donald Trump signed a legislation called the ‘Export Controls Act of 2018’ (ECA) that is important for reinvigorating the export control regime in the USA. This paper argues that contents of the ECA will not only impact the USA but also the way that the ECA is structured will potentially have a long-lasting influence on international export control regimes and the role that export controls play in international trade.
International export control regimes were established post-World War II as a trade measure to pursue common strategic and national security goals among allied countries. Due to the sensitive nature of national security issues, international export control agreements were structured as non-binding agreements that heavily relied on the consensus of participating countries in formulating export control lists that the participating countries could then adopt in their domestic regulations. The cohesiveness of the global export control regimes has been based on the cornerstones of the consensus-building and list-based standards. The USA established its export control regimes to complement these international export control regimes and has been a strong proponent of requesting countries to adopt the international export control lists into domestic regulations. With the passage of the ECA, the infusion of economic policy considerations such as maintaining the USA’s technological leadership through adding a category of emerging and foundational technology has changed the long-standing export control narrative. Through the changes made to the US ECA, the scope of national security subject to export control regimes has expanded from being focused on military-oriented goods and technology into one that now includes commercial technology. While the changes made through the ECA serve to protect the USA’s technological interests, the statute could also undermine important elements of the global export control regime that the international community has established in the past seventy years post-World War II.
Phylogeography of moose in western North America
Authors: DeCesare Nicholas J , Weckworth Byron V , Pilgrim Kristine L , Walker Andrew B D , Bergman Eric J , Colson Kassidy E , Corrigan Rob , Harris Richard B , Hebblewhite Mark , Jesmer Brett R , Newby Jesse R , Smith Jason R , Tether Rob B , Thomas Timothy P , Schwartz Michael K 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSubspecies designations within temperate species’ ranges often reflect populations that were isolated by past continental glaciation, and glacial vicariance is believed to be a primary mechanism behind the diversification of several subspecies of North American cervids. We used genetics and the fossil record to study the phylogeography of three moose subspecies (Alces alces andersoni, A. a. gigas, and A. a. shirasi) in western North America. We sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome (16,341 base pairs; n = 60 moose) and genotyped 13 nuclear microsatellites (n = 253) to evaluate genetic variation among moose samples. We also reviewed the fossil record for detections of all North American cervids to comparatively assess the evidence for the existence of a southern refugial population of moose corresponding to A. a. shirasi during the last glacial maximum of the Pleistocene. Analysis of mtDNA molecular variance did not support distinct clades of moose corresponding to currently recognized subspecies, and mitogenomic haplotype phylogenies did not consistently distinguish individuals according to subspecies groupings. Analysis of population structure using microsatellite loci showed support for two to five clusters of moose, including the consistent distinction of a southern group of moose within the range of A. a. shirasi. We hypothesize that these microsatellite results reflect recent, not deep, divergence and may be confounded by a significant effect of geographic distance on gene flow across the region. Review of the fossil record showed no evidence of moose south of the Wisconsin ice age glaciers ≥ 15,000 years ago. We encourage the integration of our results with complementary analyses of phenotype data, such as morphometrics, originally used to delineate moose subspecies, for further evaluation of subspecies designations for North American moose.
Molossid unlimited: extraordinary extension of range and unusual vocalization patterns of the bat, Promops centralis
Authors: Hintze Frederico , Arias-Aguilar Adriana , Dias-Silva Leonardo , Delgado-Jaramillo Mariana , Silva Carina Rodrigues , Jucá Thays , Mischiatti Francyne Lyrio , Almeida Márcio , Bezerra Bruna , Aguiar Ludmilla M S , Ramos Pereira Maria João , Bernard Enrico 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe big crested mastiff bat, Promops centralis, occurs in Central and South America, but knowledge of its ecology is limited due to its open space hunting strategy, making captures extremely challenging. Notwithstanding, members of the species produce echolocation calls that are easy to identify. After recording calls of P. centralis 1,500 km away from its known range in Brazil, we hypothesized that the distribution range of this species was probably greatly underestimated. To improve the accuracy of P. centralis’ real distribution, we employed acoustic surveys throughout parts of Brazil, conducted after a bibliographic review to gather additional records, and used MaxEnt to model the species’ potential distribution. We have found that P. centralis has a much wider distribution in South America than previously thought, adding more than 3.8 million km2 to its former known area. We also describe an unusual vocalization pattern of P. centralis, with individuals emitting at least three very distinct but highly variable calls. This study shows that bioacoustic surveys and species distribution models can complement traditional methodologies in studying species that are difficult to capture, such as P. centralis, potentially contributing to more effective conservation and management plans.
INDUSTRY IMPACT OF CARTELS: EVIDENCE FROM THE STOCK MARKET
Authors: Bos Iwan , Letterie Wilko , Scherl Nina 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
This paper conducts an event study analysis to empirically assess the industry-wide impact of cartels. Using a sample of recent European cartel cases, we estimate the effect of the surprise inspection and final decision on the stock market value of cartel and noncartel firms. The overall effect of both events is negative for cartel members and statistically insignificant for noncartel members. However, the impact of the inspection is significantly negative for European noncartel suppliers and for noncartel suppliers in nonchemicals industries. This is consistent with the theory that cartels can create additional damages through positively affecting the performance of their competitors.
Merkel cell carcinoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Mulchan Nicholas , Cayton Alberto , Asarian Armand , Xiao Philip 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive cutaneous malignancy of neuroendocrine origin presenting as a painless, rapidly growing nodule. MCC often presents in elderly, fair-skinned individuals in sun-exposed areas. Diagnosis is often overlooked at time of presentation due to its rarity, but MCC is twice as deadly as malignant melanoma. There has been bigger interest in the disease due to increasing incidence and an association with the prevalent virus Merkel cell polyomavirus. This study describes an uncommon presentation of MCC as a right gluteal lesion in an Afro-Panamanian patient. The tumor was suspected to be fibrolipoma, but Immunohistochemistry revealed the diagnosis of MCC, as stains for CD56 and CK20 were positive. In addition to surgical excision, the patient was referred for adjuvant radiotherapy. This case report and literature review elucidates the clinical, histopathologic and management aspects of MCC, which will help in recognizing and treating these tumors.