bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Academic Library Leaders’ Challenges, Difficulties and Skills: An Analysis of Common Experiences
Authors: Ashiq Murtaza , Ur Rehman Shafiq , Batool Syeda Hina 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of academic library leaders of Pakistan about library leadership. Qualitative research design was used with phenomenology approach as the present study aims to investigate what library leaders commonly perceive to be challenges, fundamental difficulties and needed skills to be successful. Data were collected through in-depth interviews from 15 senior academic library leaders. Major challenges found were identity crises followed by communication issues, financial constraints, CPD and administrative issues. The most challenging aspects of being an academic library leader were identified as trying to create awareness, lack of self-development culture and technological issues. The required leadership skills were communication, vision, social interaction, team building, organisational understanding and knowledge sharing. The findings of the study are helpful for current, young and future chief librarians to understand the challenges they may face and to develop the leadership skills needed to cope with these challenges. The study will also be helpful to academic institutions during their recruitment processes; professional associations for training purposes; and library schools for arranging and offering leadership courses.
The Trends of Media Coverage about Libraries in Korea: Using Semantic Network Analysis of Portal News
Authors: Cho Jane 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to understand the trends and problems of media coverage about Korean libraries by selecting keywords from Korean portal news articles and conducting semantic network analysis. As a result, Korean news reports focus on public libraries rather than school and university libraries. Elsewhere, libraries’ lifelong learning program performance, such as cultural events and educational lectures, are overly biased on press release. In addition, news articles in all kinds of libraries are dominated by simple publicity about businesses or events rather than policy issues about library laws, budgets and manpower. Korea’s libraries reflected in the media are analyzed as cultural and social educational institutions rather than knowledge information centers.
A new Pb(II)-based coordination polymer constructed from a semirigid tricarboxylate ligand: crystal structure and anti-lung cancer activity
Authors: Yang Kun-Ning , Yuan Ke-De , Jiang Li-Li , Zhang Yong 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Based on a semirigid tricarboxylate ligand 5-((4-carboxyphenoxy)methyl)benzene-1,3-dioic acid (H3L), a new Pb(II)-based coordination polymer formulated as [Pb(HL)(H2O)](H2O) (1) was synthesized under solvothermal conditions and characterized by single-crystal X-ray structural analysis, power X-ray diffraction, and elemental analysis. Compound 1 is a two-dimensional layered structure formed by the connection of the one-dimensional Pb(II)-based secondary building unit chains with the partly deprotonated HL ligands, which are further extended into three-dimensional supermolecular structures through the H-bonds. Furthermore, the size of the as-prepared 1 could be downsized into the nano region through a simple ultrasonic method. Finally, the antilung cancer activities of 1 and the nanosized 1 have been probed via the MTT assay against three human lung cancer cell lines (A549, H1299, and PC9).
Health Disparities for Immigrants: Theory and Evidence from Canada
Authors: Lebihan Laetitia , Olivier Mao Takongmo Charles , McKellips Fanny 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Few empirical studies have been conducted to analyse the disparities in health variables affecting immigrants in a given country. To our knowledge, no theoretical analysis has been conducted to explain health disparities for immigrants between regions in the same country that differs in term of languages spoken and income. In this paper, we use the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) to compare multiple health measures among immigrants in Quebec, immigrants in the rest of Canada and Canadian-born individuals. We propose a simple structural model and conduct an empirical analysis in order to assess possible channels that can explain the health disparities for immigrants between two regions of the same country. Our results show that well-being and health indicators worsen significantly for immigrants in Quebec, compared to their counterparts in the rest of Canada and Canadian-born individuals. Additional econometric analysis also shows that life satisfaction is statistically and significantly associated with health outcomes. The proposed structural model predicts that, when the decision to migrate to a particular area is based on income alone, and if the fixed costs associated with the language barrier are large, immigrants may face health issues.
The Contribution of Large Banking Institutions to Systemic Risk: What Do We Know? A Literature Review
Authors: Moch Nils 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAgainst the background of the global financial crisis, we review recent literature on the debate about “too big to fail”. This is (still) one of the key issues in banking literature since it determines the conditions for adequate banking regulation, financial stability and economic welfare. Analyzing 30 papers from 2009 to 2017, our work focusses on the impact of large banks on systemic risk. Large financial institutions can affect systemic risk by either contributing to systemic risk or being extremely exposed to sources of systematic risk and contagion. We find a considerable number of theoretical and empirical studies providing evidence that against the background of the constitution of present-day real financial systems, bank size is a key predictor for systemic risk and that the largest banks disproportionately contribute to overall risk. This relationship is found in samples of different composition, for various periods and with different measures covering diverse aspects of systemic risk.
Care for the Elderly in Ur III Times: Some New Insights
Authors: Steinkeller Piotr 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This communication studies the Ur III worker-designations ab(-ba)-il2, ama-il2, and (nu-mu-)su-il2, which appear in the economic sources from Umma and Girsu/Lagaš. Expending on the earlier treatments by C. Wilcke and W. Sallaberger, it is argued that these classifications designate workers who were temporarily freed from the performance of corvée duty, in order to be able to care for their elderly (and probably ailing) mothers and fathers. The existence of such regulations has important implications for the status of the Ur III labor.
Address Behaviour in Eight Unpublished ana bēlīja Letters from the Late Old Babylonian Ur-Utu Archive: Close Relatives Through a Distant Mirror?
Authors: Janssen Caroline 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
One of the common forms of address, in Old Babylonian letters, is ‘to my lord’ (ana bēlīja). If letters come from clandestine digs, it is hard to know who is hiding behind this title. In the context of the Ur-Utu archive, there is one unknown variable less. The addressee is the archive’s owner. It occurred to me that in eight ana bēlīja letters from this collection, the senders bore names identical to those of Inanna-mansum’s sons (Ur-Utu, Kubburum, Ilī-iqīšam and Ḫuzālum) and Ur-Utu’s wife Rā’imtum. Can it be confirmed that the sender and the correspondent of these letters are indeed close relatives, and that the ana bēlīja format was used to address a father, brother or spouse? If so, what does this practice tell us about the address ‘my lord’, as a social habit?
A Previously Unrecognized Version of Esarhaddon’s ‘Annals’
Authors: Novotny Jamie 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This paper provides evidence for the existence of a new inscription of Esarhaddon from Nineveh: A 16926, a piece now in the Oriental Institute (University of Chicago), is not an exemplar of Nineveh B, but rather part of an edition of Esarhaddon’s ‘annals’ from Nineveh that was composed before Esarhaddon’s 5th year (676). The paper will also present evidence for reassigning 83-1-18,601, a small fragment in the British Museum, as an exemplar of Nineveh C or an early copy of Nineveh A.
Pole Dancing for Fitness: The Physiological and Metabolic Demand of a 60-Minute Class
Authors: Nicholas Joanna C. , McDonald Kirsty A. , Peeling Peter , Jackson Ben , Dimmock James A. , Alderson Jacqueline A. , Donnelly Cyril J. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Nicholas, JC, McDonald, KA, Peeling, P, Jackson, B, Dimmock, JA, Alderson, JA, and Donnelly, CJ. Pole dancing for fitness: The physiological and metabolic demand of a 60-minute class. J Strength Cond Res 33(10): 2704–2710, 2019—Little is understood about the acute physiological or metabolic demand of pole dancing classes. As such, the aims of this study were to quantify the demands of a standardized recreational pole dancing class, classifying outcomes according to American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) exercise-intensity guidelines, and to explore differences in physiological and metabolic measures between skill- and routine-based class components. Fourteen advanced-level amateur female pole dancers completed three 60-minute standardized pole dancing classes. In one class, participants were fitted with a portable metabolic analysis unit. Overall, classes were performed at a mean Vo
2 of 16.0 ml·kg−1·min−1, total energy cost (EC) of 281.6 kcal (4.7 kcal·min−1), metabolic equivalent (METs) of 4.6, heart rate of 131 b·min−1, rate of perceived exertion (RPE) of 6.3/10, and blood lactate of 3.1 mM. When comparing skill- and routine-based components of the class, EC per minute (4.4 vs. 5.3 kcal·min−1), peak Vo
2 (21.5 vs. 29.6 ml·kg−1·min−1), METs (4.3 vs. 5.2), and RPE (7.2 vs. 8.4) were all greater in the routine-based component (p < 0.01), indicating that classes with an increased focus on routine-based training, as compared to skill-based training, may benefit those seeking to exercise at a higher intensity level, resulting in greater caloric expenditure. In accordance with ASCM guidelines, an advanced-level 60-minute pole dancing class can be classified as a moderate-intensity cardiorespiratory exercise; when completed for ≥30 minutes, ≥5 days per week (total ≥150 minutes) satisfies the recommended level of exercise for improved health and cardiorespiratory fitness.
Postactivation Potentiation Improves Acute Resistance Exercise Performance and Muscular Force in Trained Men
Authors: Conrado de Freitas Marcelo , Rossi Fabricio Eduardo , Colognesi Lucas Antônio , de Oliveira João Vitor N.S. , Zanchi Nelo Eidy , Lira Fabio Santos , Cholewa Jason M. , Gobbo Luís Alberto 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Conrado de Freitas, M, Rossi, FE, Colognesi, LA, de Oliveira, JVNS, Zanchi, NE, Lira, FS, Cholewa, JM, and Gobbo, LA. Postactivation potentiation improves acute resistance exercise performance and muscular force in trained men. J Strength Cond Res 35(5): 1357–1363, 2021—The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of heavy back squat (90% one repetition maximum [1RM]) postactivation potentiation (PAP) on acute resistance exercise performance and force production in recreationally trained men, and to verify the relationship between maximal strength and the PAP response. Ten resistance-trained men randomly completed 4 experimental trials: (a) back squats without PAP (No-PAP), (b) back squats with PAP, (c) maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of the quadriceps without PAP, and (d) MVIC with PAP. Back squats were performed with 4 sets at 70% of 1 RM with 2 minutes of rest interval. The number of squats repetitions performed was recorded for each set, and a total number of repetitions were calculated to analyze performance. Maximum voluntary isometric contraction was measured using electronic dynamometer, and the peak force and mean force were recorded. Blood lactate concentration was analyzed presquat and postsquat exercise. Repetitions performed in the first set was significantly (p < 0.001) greater in the PAP condition (22.00 ± 5.14) compared with No-PAP (15.50 ± 5.10), which resulted in significantly (p = 0.001) more total repetitions performed in the PAP (56.20 ± 17.3) condition compared with No-PAP (48.80 ± 14.5). Maximum voluntary isometric contraction peak was higher in PAP than in No-PAP (PAP = 765.7 ± 147.8 vs. No-PAP = 696.8 ± 131.5 N, p = 0.006). No significant correlations were observed between back squat 1RM relative to body mass and the PAP response in squat and MVIC. There were no significant differences in lactate concentration between conditions. In conclusion, PAP resulting from a heavy load prior back squat exercise improved total volume during resistance exercise. In addition, PAP was effective to increase force production during MVIC, but there was no relationship between relative 1RM values and the PAP response in trained men.
Mechanical and Wear Properties of Aluminum-Based Nanocomposites Fabricated through Ultrasonic Assisted Stir Casting
Authors: Prasad Reddy A. , Vamsi Krishna P. , Rao R. N. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The aluminum alloy AA6061 with 0.004, 0.008, 0.012, and 0.016 volume fractions of silicon carbide (SiCp) nanocomposites were fabricated using a semi-solid stirring assisted ultrasonic cavitation technique. Specimens are tested for morphology, density, mechanical, and wear properties. The density, strength, and microhardness of the nanocomposites increased with the increase of SiCp nano-reinforcement particles in the matrix. The yield strength of the SiCp-reinforced nanocomposites was evaluated by considering various strengthening mechanisms. It is found that the yield strength of the nanocomposites increased by 96 % for 0.004, 172 % for 0.008, 158 % for 0.012, and 206 % for 0.016 volume fractions of SiCp compared to the base alloy. The dislocation mismatch effect and Orowan strengthening effect are found to play a significant role in the SiCp-reinforced AA6061 nanocomposites. The dislocation mismatch effect increased with the reinforcement particles’ size reduction in the matrix. The Orowan strengthening effect increased up to 1.56 nm critical size of SiCp, and above that it decreased slightly. The experimental results are compared to predicted results obtained from various analytical models. The experimental results are observed to be in close agreement with the Mirza and Chen model. The wear loss of nanocomposites decreased with an increase in the nano-sized SiCp reinforcement quantity in the matrix. The amount of 0.004, 0.008, 0.012, and 0.016 volume fractions of nano-sized SiCp reinforcement additions to the AA6061 alloy matrix decreases the wear coefficient by 19.23 %, 38.46 %, 57.69 %, and 62.69 %, respectively. The worn surfaces were also analyzed using a scanning electron microscope and energy-dispersive X-rays.
The Design of Successful Arcing Rate Measuring Unit for Preparing Nano-Silver Colloid by Electrical Discharge Machine
Authors: Tseng Kuo-Hsiung , Hsieh Chin-Liang , Chung Meng-Yun , Wu Chang-Ji 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This study used the arc discharge generated by an electrical discharge machine to melt metal silver into nano-sized particles. The manufacturing process was free from chemical agents, while only deionized water was used as the dielectric fluid. The process parameters and discharge pulse width were set to prepare silver nanoparticles suspended in the dielectric fluid, and the process was simple and rapid. However, the process parameters were closely related to success in the discharge. Among them, the discharge pulse width had the most significant effect. Therefore, this study developed a successful arcing rate measuring unit and discussed the effect of different process parameters on the success rate of preparing nano-silver colloid. Silver with a purity of 99.9 % was selected as the main research subject. The results showed that under the same process parameters, the arcing rate is not an exact value but a range value, and the 30 μs-30 μs discharge pulse width is identical as the optimum process parameter. When preparing the nano-silver colloid, the higher the processing efficiency, the shorter the diameter of the particle.
Strain Rate Sensitivity of Yield Response of PMMA: Experimental Characterization and Material Modeling
Authors: Qiu Ji , Jin Tao , Su Buyun , Duan Qian , Shu Xuefeng , Liu Erqiang , Li Zhiqiang 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
An experiment was conducted to study the strain rate sensitivity of yield behavior in an amorphous polymer, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). Compression, tension, shear, and combined shear-compression tests were conducted at four different loading rates. Experimental results indicate that strain rates had a pronounced effect on the yield behaviors of PMMA. Therefore, a strain rate–dependent yield function was developed, and the influences of hydrostatic pressure and strain rate on yield were analyzed. Based on the detailed discussion of the three material constants of the yield criterion, the influence of hydrostatic pressure on the tension and compression asymmetry was analyzed. A modified Johnson-Cook model was introduced to determine the effect of strain rate hardening on flow stress. The results of a compression test were described well by this mode. The change in the trend of parameter C of the mode (which characterizes the effect of strain rate) was also analyzed under the conditions of quasi-static loading.
Testing and Evaluation of Linear Shear Mode Magnetorheological (MR) Damper Based on Rheological Properties of MR Fluid
Authors: Patel Dipal M. , Upadhyay Ramesh V. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Magnetorheological (MR) fluid exhibits variable yield stress and viscosity with the magnetic field, which is why it is classified under smart materials. Because of its controllable properties, MR fluid has many applications. The most common application of MR fluid is MR fluid damper. According to the flow of MR fluid, three types of dampers are possible; flow mode, squeeze mode, and shear mode. In this article, rheological properties of MR fluid, which has a high Bingham number (ratio of MR force on-state to off-state), are synthesized and the MR properties are studied. Based on these properties, a linear shear mode MR damper is designed and evaluated for its performance. A unique model is adopted to evaluate the performance of MR damper. In this model, the dimensionless Mason number is applied to establish the relation between test data of damper and rheological properties of MR fluid. This is verified for two different volume fractions of magnetic particles in MR fluid.
Testing and Evaluation of Performance and Emissions Characteristics of Water- Biodiesel Aspirated Research Engine
Authors: Sudalaimuthu Ganesan , Rathinam Sivasubramanian , Munuswamy Dinesh Babu , Thirugnanasambandam Arunkumar , Devarajan Yuvarajan 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This work aims to investigate the effect of the addition of water to corn oil biodiesel (BD) (COBD) in a diesel engine to view its effect on performance and emission characteristics. Two fuel samples were prepared using a novel surfactant Span 80 (MilliporeSigma, Burlington, MA), with different concentrations (94 % corn oil + 4 % water + 2 % Span 80 (COBDE1) and 90 % corn oil + 8 % water + 2 % Span 80 (COBDE2)). Experimental results showed that the water samples of COBD had higher brake thermal efficiency and lower brake-specific fuel consumption than that of neat COBD at all engine brake power. In addition, smoke and nitrogen oxide emissions are reduced by 4–11 % and 6–10 % using corn oil–water samples compared to neat COBD. Furthermore, the introduction of COBD-water emulsions in a diesel engine reduces the unburned hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions considerably.
Understanding Soil Surface Water Content Using Light Reflection Theory: A Novel Color Analysis Technique Considering Variability in Light Intensity
Authors: Gadi Vinay Kumar , Garg Ankit , Manogaran Indu Priya , Sekharan Sreedeep , Zhu Hong-Hu 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Accurate measurement of soil surface water content is vital for analyzing evaporation, partition of solar radiation, infiltration, and runoff. Color analysis of soil has already been found to be a nonintrusive, economical, and feasible approach for the measurement of surface water content. However, color contrast within the soil domain was rarely considered in color analysis approaches demonstrated by previous researchers. This color contrast occurs because of the spatial heterogeneity of light intensity in the soil domain. This study aims to demonstrate and validate a new color analysis technique for overcoming the shortcomings of previous approaches. Six series of tests were conducted to analyze the color of red soil at various surface water contents. In addition, six measured dry densities on the compaction curve were selected for validation of the proposed color analysis technique. Soil has been compacted by hand to the desired state of compaction in a small mold. Images of soil samples were captured using a commercially available camera model (NIKON COOLPIX L29, Nikon, Tokyo, Japan). The brightness variation of soil samples was quantified using the change in mean gray value of the images. A white paper was placed below the mold to consider color contrast within the soil samples. Mean gray values of all test samples were obtained using a public domain image processing program called ImageJ. Color contrast within the soil samples was equalized with respect to reference locations considered on the white paper. Mean gray value was found to decrease with the increase in surface water content. Decrement in mean gray value was found to be more significant (i.e., 14–27 %) in saturation and desaturation zones of soil water characteristic curves (SWCCs) as compared to that in the residual zone (i.e., 3–9 %) with a 3–4 % increase in surface water content. A correlation between mean gray value and surface water content was established for the red soil.
Quenchant Cooling Curves, Rewetting, and Surface Heat Flux Properties of Vegetable Oils
Authors: Simencio Otero Rosa L. , Viscaino Jônatas M. , Xu Jun , Gu Jianfeng , Totten George E. , Canale Lauralice C. F. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractVegetable oils are currently used for biodegradable and renewable base stocks for quenchant formulation. However, there are relatively few references relating to their true equivalency, or lack thereof, comparative to the quenching performance of petroleum oil-based quenchant formulations. To obtain an overview of the variability vegetable oil quenching performance, the cooling curves and rewetting properties were determined, and the surface heat flux properties were calculated. The vegetable oils that were studied included canola, coconut, corn, cottonseed, palm, peanut, soybean, and sunflower oils. Cooling curves were obtained using the Tensi multiple-surface thermocouple 15 mm diameter by 45 mm cylindrical Inconel 600 probe (Note: The multiple thermocouple probe was custom manufactured to conform to a drawing provided by: Heattec located at Seglaregatan 1C, 302 90 Halmstad, Sweden). For comparison, similar data was obtained with Houghto-Quench H100, a conventional (slow) petroleum quenchant oil, and Houghto-Quench HKM, an accelerated (fast) petroleum oil quenchant (Houghton International Inc., Valley Forge, PA). The results of this work will be discussed here.