bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internet‐based treatment of depressive symptoms in a Kurdish population: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lindegaard Tomas , Brohede David , Koshnaw Kocher , Osman Shevan Sherzad , Johansson Robert , Andersson Gerhard 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveKurdish immigrants in Sweden have a doubled risk of mental health problems, and refugee and immigrant populations underutilize mental health services. The present study investigated the efficacy of culturally adapted guided internet‐based cognitive behavior therapy (ICBT) for depressive symptoms in a Kurdish population.MethodWe included 50 individuals who were randomized to either an 8‐week treatment or a wait‐list. The Beck Depression Inventory‐II was the primary outcome measure, and measures of anxiety and insomnia were secondary outcomes.ResultsDepressive symptoms were significantly reduced (intention‐to‐treat analysis) in the treatment group, with a between‐group effect size at posttreatment of Cohen's d = 1.27. Moderate to large between‐group effects were also observed on all secondary outcome measures. Treatment effects were sustained at 11‐month follow‐up.ConclusionThe results provide preliminary support for culturally adapted ICBT as a complement to other treatment formats for treating symptoms of depression in a Kurdish population.
MicroRNA‐128 confers protection against cardiac microvascular endothelial cell injury in coronary heart disease via negative regulation of IRS1
Authors: Yan Ping , Sun Chen , Ma Jiale , Jin Zhigang , Guo Rui , Yang Bin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveCardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) play a critical role in the physiological regulation of coronary blood flow and its dysfunction is associated with myocardium ischemic injury. This study was performed to clarify the effect of microRNA‐128 (miR‐128) on the CMEC injury in coronary heart disease (CHD) by binding to insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1).MethodsThe rat CMECs were cultured by explant culture method and identified by CD31 immunofluorescence assay. CMECs were treated with homocysteine (Hcy), which underwent stress of CHD, followed by treatment of miR‐128 mimics/inhibitors or IRS1 siRNA. Expression of miR‐128, IRS1, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was determined. The viability, apoptosis, migration ability, and tube formation ability of CMECs were evaluated. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) of CMECs were evaluated, respectively.ResultsIn rat CMECs, miR‐128 was poorly expressed and IRS1 was highly expressed. Notably, miR‐128 targeted and negatively regulated IRS1. Additionally, the treatment with Hcy in CMECs led to reduced viability, migration ability, tube formation, VEGF expression, SOD activity as well as increased cell apoptosis, MDA and ROS levels. The experimental results demonstrated that miR‐128 mimics and IRS1 siRNA in rat CMECs promoted viability, migration ability, tube formation, VEGF expression, SOD activity, while repressing cell apoptosis, MDA and ROS levels. MiR‐128 inhibitors could reverse the tendencies.ConclusionCollectively, our study provides evidence that miR‐128 targeted and negatively regulated IRS1 expression, whereby the functional injury of CMECs induced by Hcy was ameliorated. Furthermore, protection of miR‐128 was stimulated by reducing oxidative stress.
A novel chemically defined serum‐ and feeder‐free medium for undifferentiated growth of porcine pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Zhang Xue , Xue Binghua , Li Yan , Wei Renyue , Yu Zhuoran , Jin Junxue , Zhang Yu , Liu Zhonghua 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDevelopment and improvement of in vitro culture system supporting self‐renewal and unlimited proliferation of porcine pluripotent stem cells (pPSCs) is an indispensable process for the naïve pPSCs establishment. In this study, we modified the previous culture system and attempted to develop a novel chemically defined medium (KOFL) for the establishment of pPSCs. It has been cultured >45 passages with flat colony morphology and normal karyotypes in in vitro environment. These cells exhibited alkaline phosphatase activity and expressed pluripotency markers such as OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG, and also possessed differentiation abilities both in vitro and in vivo, proving by the formation of embryonic bodies and teratomas into three germ layers. Then the cells transfected with a green fluorescent protein (GFP) and the GFP positive cells contribute to the porcine preimplantation embryo development. In addition, these cells maintained long duration under feeder‐free condition. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that the pPSCs could be derived from preimplantation porcine embryos in serum‐free medium and cultured under the feeder‐free condition, providing an effective reference for further optimization of the pPSCs culture system.
HIV‐1 Tat protein induces aberrant activation of AICDA in human B‐lymphocytes from peripheral blood
Authors: Sall Fatimata Bintou , El Amine Rawan , Markozashvili Diana , Tsfasman Tatyana , Oksenhendler Eric , Lipinski Marc , Vassetzky Yegor , Germini Diego 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIndividuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at increased risk for Burkitt lymphoma, a B‐cell malignancy which occurs after a chromosomal translocation rearranging the MYC oncogene with an immunoglobulin gene locus, usually the IGH heavy chain gene locus. We have previously reported that the HIV protein Tat which circulates in all HIV‐positive individuals whatever their immune status caused an increased rate of colocalization between IGH and MYC in B‐cells nuclei. We here present in vitro evidence that Tat activates the expression of the AICDA gene that encodes the activation‐induced cytidine deaminase whose physiological function is to create double‐strand breaks for immunoglobulin gene maturation. In the presence of Tat, DNA damage was observed concomitantly in both MYC and IGH, followed by DNA repair by nonhomologous end joining. AICDA was further found overexpressed in vivo in peripheral blood B‐cells from HIV‐infected individuals. Thus, the capacity of Tat to spontaneously penetrate B‐cells could be sufficient to favor the occurrence of MYC‐IGH oncogenic rearrangements during erroneous repair, a plausible cause for the increased incidence of Burkitt lymphoma in the HIV‐infected population.
Expanding the phenotype of phospholipid remodelling disease due to MBOAT7 gene defect
Authors: Yalnızoǧlu Dilek , Özgül R. Köksal , Oǧuz Kader K. , Özer Buǧra , Yücel‐Yılmaz Didem , Gürbüz Berrak , Serdaroǧlu Esra , Erol İlknur , Topçu Meral , Dursun Ali 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMBOAT7 gene codes O‐acyltransferase domain containing seven proteins which is one of four enzymes involved in remodeling of phosphoinositol phosphate (PIP) in LANDs cycle. We present clinical, neuroimaging, and genetic findings of 12 patients from 7 families with MBOAT7 gene defect, a recently defined novel phospholipid remodelling disease. To the best of our knowledge, our case series is the second report on patients with MBOAT7 gene defect. The patients present with global developmental delay particularly in speech and language skills, intellectual disability, stereotypical behavior, ataxic gait, early onset epilepsy with well response to medical treatment, strabismus and similar facial features. Common neuroimaging findings of the patients were folium dysgenesis of the cerebellum with a particular appearance, mild‐to‐moderate cerebellar atrophy, T2 hyperintensity of bilateral globus pallidius and dentate nuclei, enlarged perivascular areas, and mild thinning of the corpus callosum. Genome‐wide genotyping and exome sequencing identified five different types of homozygous mutations in the MBOAT7 gene in all seven families which are p.Arg87*, p.Leu227ProfsX65, p.Gln376Lys, p.Trp426*, and chr19:54.666.173‐54.677.766/11594 bp del. We conclude that clinical and neuroimaging findings of MBOAT7 gene defect may suggest the diagnosis and guide genetic tests.
Water–fat separation and parameter mapping in cardiac MRI via deep learning with a convolutional neural network
Authors: Goldfarb James W. , Craft Jason , Cao J. Jane 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundWater–fat separation is a postprocessing technique most commonly applied to multiple‐gradient‐echo magnetic resonance (MR) images to identify fat, provide images with fat suppression, and to measure fat tissue concentration. Recently, Numerous advancements have been reported. In contrast to early methods, the process of water–fat separation has become complicated due to multiparametric analytic models, optimization methods, and the absence of a unified framework for diverse source data.PurposeTo determine the feasibility and performance of MRI water–fat separation and parametric mapping via deep learning (DL) with a range of inputs.Study TypeRetrospective data usage.Population/SubjectsNinety cardiac MR examinations from normal control, acute, subacute, and chronic myocardial infarction subjects were obtained, providing 1200 multiple gradient‐echo acquisitions.Field Strength/Sequence1.5 T/2D multiple gradient‐echo pulse sequenceAssessmentGround‐truth training and validation water–fat separation were obtained using a graph cut method with R2*, off‐resonance correction, and a multipeak fat spectrum. U‐Net DL training with single and multiecho, complex, and magnitude inputs were compared using quantitative and three‐observer subjective analysis.Statistical TestsDL methods' image structural similarity, and quantitative proton density fat fraction (PDFF), R2*, and off‐resonance quantitative values were statistically compared with the GraphCut reference standard using Student's t‐test and Pearson's correlation.ResultsMyocardial fat deposition in chronic myocardial infarction and intramyocardial hemorrhage in acute myocardial infarction were well visualized in the DL results. Predicted values for R2*, off‐resonance, water, and fat signal intensities were well correlated with a conventional model‐based water fat separation (R2 ≥ 0.97, P < 0.001) with appropriate inputs. DL parameter maps had a 14% higher signal‐to‐noise ratio (P < 0.001) when compared with a conventional method.Data ConclusionDL water–fat separation is feasible with a wide range of inputs, while R2* and off‐resonance mapping requires multiple echoes and complex images. With appropriate inputs, DL provides quantitative and subjective results comparable to conventional model‐based methods.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy Stage: 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:655–665.
Imbalance in the ratio of CpG and polyG contributes to impaired interferon‐α expression
Authors: Lv Shujuan , Li Suping , Wang Zifeng , Xia Jing 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe secretion of interferon‐α (IFN‐α) is impaired during hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. DNA sequences purified from distinct viruses, for example, HBV versus members of Herpesviridae, have been shown to differ in their IFN‐α signaling properties. The present study found that DNA from HBV inhibited, while DNA from members of Herpesviridae induced, the expression of IFN‐α. Furthermore, stimulatory cytosine‐phosphate‐guanosine (CpG) sequences derived from these DNA viruses could induce the secretion of IFN‐α, while inhibitory guanosine‐rich oligodeoxynucleoti (polyG) oligonucleotide sequences derived from these DNA viruses could inhibit CpG‐induced IFN‐α secretion. Using a computational analysis of genomic DNA sequences, the discrimination between the genomes of HBV and those of other DNA viruses that can also cause inflammation of the liver is based on different frequencies of the CpG and polyG motifs. The underrepresentation of stimulatory CpG motifs and overrepresentation of inhibitory polyG motifs were documented in HBV genomes, whereas the DNA from other viral genomes displayed the opposite trend. Moreover, it was demonstrated that HBV could suppress the activation of IFN‐α via its own DNA through the high proportion of polyG motifs. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a specific role for polyG motifs in the inhibition of the IFN‐α response following DNA virus infection.
A novel large‐signal FET model considering trapping‐induced dispersions
Authors: Yuan Ye , Zhong Zheng , Guo Yong‐xin , Mu Shanxiang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA novel large‐signal model construction technique is proposed in this paper. High‐order current and charge sources with additional dimensions derived from pulsed small‐signal measurement data are used to describe the dispersive behaviour of FETs. Added dimensions can effectively account for trapping‐induced dispersions. Instead of look‐up tables, empirical functions and artificial neural network are adopted to implement the model into simulators, which can reduce the volume of the model and the possible oscillation caused by interpolation and provide better prediction performance beyond the measurement data range. The validity of proposed modelling technique has been verified by a 2 × 75um GaAs pHEMT. This proposed technique can be easily extended to GaN devices with the similar procedure.
Gaussian random number generator: Implemented in FPGA for quantum key distribution
Authors: Hu Yue , Wu Yan , Chen Yi , Wan Guo Chun , Tong Mei Song 
Published: January 2019

AbstractQuantum key distribution is the process of using quantum communication to establish a shared key between two parties. It has been demonstrated the unconditional security and effective communication of quantum communication system can be guaranteed by an excellent Gaussian random number (GRN) generator with high speed and an extended random period. In this paper, we propose to construct the Gaussian random number generator by using field‐programmable gate array (FPGA), which is able to process large data in high speed. We also compare three algorithms of GRN generation: Box‐Muller algorithm, polarization decision algorithm, and central limit algorithm. We demonstrate that the polarization decision algorithm implemented in FPGA requires less computing resources and also produces a high‐quality GRN through the null hypothesis test.
Knowledge hiding as a barrier to thriving: The mediating role of psychological safety and moderating role of organizational cynicism
Authors: Jiang Zhou , Hu Xiaowen , Wang Zhongmin , Jiang Xuan 
Published: January 2019

SummaryResearch demonstrates that knowledge hiding has a detrimental effect on the knowledge hider himself or herself. Extending this area, the present research examines how and when knowledge hiders struggle to thrive at work. Integrating self‐perception theory and the socially embedded model of thriving, we propose that knowledge hiding negatively influences employees' thriving through psychological safety, and this influence is contingent on organizational cynicism. In Study 1a, a cross‐sectional survey of 214 Chinese participants from a general working population supported the mediating role of psychological safety in the knowledge hiding and thriving relationship. Study 1b verified this result using two‐wave data collected from 392 working adults in a panel that recruited participants mainly in Europe and North America. In addition to confirming the mediation with a two‐wave field survey conducted among 205 employees in three Chinese organizations, Study 2 supported the moderating role of organizational cynicism. Specifically, the negative effect of knowledge hiding on psychological safety was greater under higher levels of organizational cynicism, as was the indirect effect of knowledge hiding on thriving via psychological safety. These findings contribute to both the knowledge hiding and the thriving literature and provide practical implications for both the manager and the employee.
Gelling properties of silver carp surimi as affected by different comminution methods: blending and shearing
Authors: Liu Lulu , He Yating , Shi Liu , Xiong Shanbai , Huang Qilin , You Juan , Hu Yang , Yin Tao 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDBlending and shearing, two types of comminution methods, are widely used in the manufacturing of surimi‐based products. The comminution methods applied are varied to product types and manufacturers. In this study effects of different comminution methods (blending and shearing) on gelling properties of silver carp surimi were investigated.RESULTSRegardless of comminution methods, breaking force, penetration distance and water holding capacity of surimi gel significantly increased with comminution duration up to 10 min. As compared with blending, those values under shearing of the same duration were significantly higher. Within 3 min of comminuting whiteness values of gels by shearing were significantly higher than those by blending. Electrophoresis studies showed that comminution method had no obvious effect on protein patterns. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that more uniform and denser network was formed in the surimi gels made by shearing. Water distribution of the gels made by shearing was obviously more uniform according to magnetic resonance imaging analysis.CONCLUSIONOur results suggested that with respect to blending, shearing was a better choice to maximize the gelling ability of silver carp surimi, which resulted in the higher values of texture, whiteness and water holding capacity. It could be attributed to the denser three‐dimensional network and more uniform water distribution of the surimi gel prepared by shearing. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Traumatic Event Exposure, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Sleep Disturbances in a National Sample of U.S. Adults
Authors: Milanak Melissa E. , Zuromski Kelly L. , Cero Ian , Wilkerson Allison K. , Resnick Heidi S. , Kilpatrick Dean G. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a highly prevalent, debilitating disorder found to develop after exposure to a potentially traumatic event (PTE). Individuals with PTSD often report sleep disturbances, specifically nightmares and insomnia, which are listed within the criteria for PTSD. This research examined prevalence of insomnia and nightmares within a national sample of 2,647 adults (data weighted by age and sex to correct for differences in sample distribution) who had been exposed to one or more PTEs. Prevalence of self‐reported sleep disturbance, sleep disturbances by PTE type, and gender differences were examined. All participants completed a self‐administered, structured online interview that assessed exposure to stressful events and PTSD symptoms. Among individuals who met DSM‐5 criteria for PTSD, a large majority (more than 92%) reported at least one sleep disturbance. Insomnia was relatively more prevalent than PTE‐related nightmares among individuals with PTSD and among all PTE‐exposed individuals. A higher number of PTEs experienced significantly increased the likelihood of both trauma‐related nightmares and insomnia, McFadden's pseudo R2 = .07, p < .001. Women exposed to PTEs were more likely to endorse experience of insomnia, χ2(1, N = 2,647) = 99.13, p < .001, φ = .194, and nightmares compared to men, χ2(1, N = 2,648) = 82.98, p < .001, φ = .177, but this gender difference was not significant among individuals with PTSD, ps = .130 and .050, respectively. Differences in sleep disturbance prevalence by PTE type were also examined. Implications for treatment and intervention and future directions are discussed.
Deeply supervised 3D fully convolutional networks with group dilated convolution for automatic MRI prostate segmentation
Authors: Wang Bo , Lei Yang , Tian Sibo , Wang Tonghe , Liu Yingzi , Patel Pretesh , Jani Ashesh B. , Mao Hui , Curran Walter J. , Liu Tian , Yang Xiaofeng 
Published: January 2019

PurposeReliable automated segmentation of the prostate is indispensable for image‐guided prostate interventions. However, the segmentation task is challenging due to inhomogeneous intensity distributions, variation in prostate anatomy, among other problems. Manual segmentation can be time‐consuming and is subject to inter‐ and intraobserver variation. We developed an automated deep learning‐based method to address this technical challenge.MethodsWe propose a three‐dimensional (3D) fully convolutional networks (FCN) with deep supervision and group dilated convolution to segment the prostate on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this method, a deeply supervised mechanism was introduced into a 3D FCN to effectively alleviate the common exploding or vanishing gradients problems in training deep models, which forces the update process of the hidden layer filters to favor highly discriminative features. A group dilated convolution which aggregates multiscale contextual information for dense prediction was proposed to enlarge the effective receptive field of convolutional neural networks, which improve the prediction accuracy of prostate boundary. In addition, we introduced a combined loss function including cosine and cross entropy, which measures similarity and dissimilarity between segmented and manual contours, to further improve the segmentation accuracy. Prostate volumes manually segmented by experienced physicians were used as a gold standard against which our segmentation accuracy was measured.ResultsThe proposed method was evaluated on an internal dataset comprising 40 T2‐weighted prostate MR volumes. Our method achieved a Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of 0.86 ± 0.04, a mean surface distance (MSD) of 1.79 ± 0.46 mm, 95% Hausdorff distance (95%HD) of 7.98 ± 2.91 mm, and absolute relative volume difference (aRVD) of 15.65 ± 10.82. A public dataset (PROMISE12) including 50 T2‐weighted prostate MR volumes was also employed to evaluate our approach. Our method yielded a DSC of 0.88 ± 0.05, MSD of 1.02 ± 0.35 mm, 95% HD of 9.50 ± 5.11 mm, and aRVD of 8.93 ± 7.56.ConclusionWe developed a novel deeply supervised deep learning‐based approach with a group dilated convolution to automatically segment the MRI prostate, demonstrated its clinical feasibility, and validated its accuracy against manual segmentation. The proposed technique could be a useful tool for image‐guided interventions in prostate cancer.
Accuracy of Self‐Report Versus Objective Smart‐Scale Weights During a 12‐Week Weight Management Intervention
Authors: Ross Kathryn M. , Eastman Abraham , Wing Rena R. 
Published: January 2019

ObjectiveGreater frequency of self‐weighing has been associated with greater weight loss in weight management interventions, but little is known regarding the accuracy of self‐reported weight data.MethodsAgreement between objective smart‐scale and self‐reported weight data was assessed in 74 adults (age = 50.7 years; BMI = 31.2 kg/m2) enrolled in a 12‐week, Internet‐based weight management program. Participants were asked to self‐weight daily using a study‐provided smart scale and to self‐report weights via the study website.ResultsThere was strong agreement between smart‐scale and self‐reported weight values (intraclass correlation = 0.982) but only moderate agreement regarding frequency of self‐weighing assessed via each method (κ = 0.491; P < 0.0001). Greater self‐weighing frequency was associated with greater weight loss across measures (all P < 0.001). Compared with days when participants did both, weights were 0.66 kg higher on days when participants self‐weighed via the smart scale but did not self‐report weight (8% of days) and 0.58 kg higher on days when they self‐reported weight but did not self‐weigh via the smart scale (4% of days; all P < 0.0001).ConclusionsResults suggest that self‐reported weight values are similar to smart‐scale measurements; however, either method alone may underestimate self‐weighing frequency. Furthermore, missing self‐weighing data should not be treated as ignorable because weights may be higher than those observed on nonmissing days.