bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication polyaniline via electrochemical synthesis for highly efficient removal of Cr(VI)
Authors: Liu Jie , Zheng Dawei , Chang Weixiao , Deng Fuli , Liu Dong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPolyaniline (PANI) is recognized for its exceptional electrochemical conductivity, and its chemical structure, rich in amino and imine functional groups, exhibits significant removal capabilities for heavy metal pollutants in wastewater. In this study, PANI was synthesized via electrochemical cyclic voltammetry, and its micromorphology and phase structure were characterized using SEM, TEM, FTIR, and XRD. By modulating the polymerization potential, control over the surface morphology was achieved, thereby optimizing its adsorption performance. Additionally, the adsorption efficiency of electrochemically synthesized PANI for Cr(VI) in wastewater was assessed. Notably, in acidic conditions, PANI demonstrated an exceptionally high adsorption capacity for Cr(VI), reaching 130.1 mg/g. These findings highlight the potential of conductive polymers such as PANI in the development of highly efficient adsorbents for wastewater treatment, providing tangible solutions for addressing water pollution.
Comparing assisting technologies for proficiency in cardiac morphology: 3D printing and mixed reality versus CT slice images for morphological understanding of congenital heart defects by medical students
Authors: Brun Henrik , Lippert Matthias , Langø Thomas , Sanchez‐Margallo Juan , Sanchez‐Margallo Francisco , Elle Ole Jakob 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLearning cardiac morphology largely involves spatial abilities and studies indicate benefits from innovative 3D visualization technologies that speed up and increase the learning output. Studies comparing these teaching tools and their educational output are rare and few studies include complex congenital heart defects. This study compared the effects of 3D prints, mixed reality (MR) viewing of 3D meshes and standard cardiac CT slice images on medical students′ understanding of complex congenital heart defect morphology, measuring both objective level of understanding and subjective educational experience. The objective of this study was to compare morphological understanding and user experiences of 3D printed models, MR 3D visualization and axial 2D CT slices, in medical students examining morphological details in complex congenital heart defects. Medical students in the median 4th year of study (range 2nd to 6th) examined three of five different complex congenital heart defects by three different modalities: 3D printed model, MR viewed 3D mesh, and cardiac CT slices, answering a questionnaire on morphology and user experience. Time to complete task, diagnostic accuracy, and user experience data were collected and compared on group level. Task times were similar for all modalities. The percentage of correct answers was higher with MR visualization, which was also the preferred modality overall. Medical students both prefer and better understand the morphology of complex congenital heart disease with 3D models viewed using MR, without spending more time than with 3D prints or 2D CT images.
A Copper‐Incorporated meso‐(N’‐acetyl‐hydrizide)‐BODIPY as a “Off‐On” Fluorescent Probe for Histidine
Authors: Cho Siyoung , Sharma Pooja , Saputra Rizki Rachmad , Kim Youngmi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe present a highly sensitive and selective fluorescence “turn‐on” sensor for l‐histidine (His) detection in aqueous solutions utilizing a 1‐Cu2+ complex. This sensing platform employs a fluorescence‐based ligand displacement approach, featuring a meso‐(N’‐acetyl‐hydrizide)‐based BODIPY derivative (1) complexed with Cu2+. Initially highly fluorescent, compound 1 is selectively quenched by Cu2+ ions, forming the 1‐Cu2+ complex. The high affinity between His and Cu2+ effectively displaces 1 from the complex, restoring fluorescence. The system exhibits rapid response (within 5 minutes), excellent sensitivity (detection limit of 78 nM), operational simplicity, and a large fluorescence “turn‐on” signal. It demonstrates remarkable selectivity for His over other amino acids, with maleimide masking cysteine interference. Notably stable in complex biological matrices, the sensor has successfully quantified His in artificial urine samples. Its practical applicability extends to paper‐based test strips, offering portability and potential for real‐time His monitoring in clinical diagnostics and biological systems.
The Role of XMM–Newton in the Investigation of Persistent BeXRBs
Authors: La Palombara Nicola , Sidoli Lara , Mereghetti Sandro , Israel Gian Luca , Esposito Paolo 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe persistent BeXRBs are a class of high‐mass X‐ray binaries (HMXRBs), which are characterized by persistent low X‐ray luminosities ( erg s) and wide ( 30 days), almost circular orbits. In these sources the NS is slowly rotating (with well above 100 s) and accretes matter directly from the wind of the companion Be star, without the formation of an accretion disk. Since the '90s, when the first four members of this class were identified, several other sources of the same type have been discovered and investigated. Thanks to follow‐up XMM‐Newton observations, we have verified that most of them share common spectral and timing properties, such as a pulsed fraction that does not vary with the photon energy and a hot (kT = 1–2 keV) blackbody spectral component which contributes for 20%–40% to the total flux and has a size consistent with the NS polar cap. Here we provide an overview of how XMM‐Newton contributed to constrain the observational properties and the current understanding of this type of sources. We also report about the first results obtained with a very recent XMM‐Newton observation of the poorly known BeXRB 4U 0728‐25.
Emotion dysregulation in autism: Severity and correlates in early childhood
Authors: Northrup Jessie B. , Hartman Amy G. , MacKenzie Kristen T. , Sivathasan Shalini , Eldeeb Safaa , Mazefsky Carla A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEmotion dysregulation (ED) is common and severe in older autistic youth, but is rarely the focus of early autism screening or intervention. Moreover, research characterizing ED in the preschool years (when autism is typically diagnosed) is limited. This study aimed to characterize ED in autistic children by examining (1) prevalence and severity of ED as compared to children without an autism diagnosis; and (2) correlates of ED in autistic children. A sample of 1864 parents (Mean child age = 4.21 years, SD = 1.16 years; 37% female) of 2–5 year‐old children with (1) autism; (2) developmental concerns, but no autism; and (3) no developmental concerns or autism completed measures via an online questionnaire. ED was measured using the Emotion Dysregulation Inventory‐Young Child, a parent report measure characterizing ED across two dimensions: Reactivity (fast, intense emotional reactions) and dysphoria (low positive affect, sadness, unease). Autistic preschoolers, compared to peers without developmental concerns, had more severe ED (+1.12 SD for reactivity; +0.60 SD for dysphoria) and were nearly four and three times more likely to have clinically significant reactivity and dysphoria, respectively. Autistic traits, sleep problems, speaking ability, and parent depression were the strongest correlates of ED in the autism sample. While more work is needed to establish the prevalence, severity, and correlates of ED in young autistic children, this study represents an important first step. Results highlight a critical need for more high‐quality research in this area as well as the potential value of screening and intervention for ED in young autistic children.
Graphene‐Based Supercapacitor Using Microemulsion Electrolyte
Authors: Salisu Aliyu , Hughson Fraser , Borah Rohan , Chen Xianjue , Johns Anish , Griesser Alex , Andersson Gunther G. , Nann Thomas , Goreham Renee V. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGraphene‐like material prepared by a facile combustion synthesis was investigated as an electrode material in a microemulsion electrolyte. Notably, a stable voltage window of 2.2–2.4 V was achieved, surpassing previous reports for aqueous‐based electrolytes on similar materials. The fabricated supercapacitor device exhibited a commendable specific capacitance values of 59 F g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and 32 F g−1 at 5 A g−1, indicating its potential for high‐current applications. Mechanistic examination revealed that the charge storage primarily relies on electric double‐layer formation, with minor non‐capacitive contribution from electrode surface functionalities and the supporting electrolyte. Further analysis showed significant capacitive contributions of 85 % at 2.2 V and 67 % at 2.4 V, underscoring the dominance of the capacitive process. The fabricated supercapacitor's stability indicated a decrease as the non‐capacitive process intensified, suggesting that electrode surface functionalities predominantly contribute to cell deterioration at elevated potentials. These results highlight the potential efficacy of microemulsion electrolytes in energy storage applications.
Nomogram Analysis for Predicting Response to Androgen‐Receptor‐Axis‐Targeted Therapies in Patients With Metastatic Castration‐Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Shao I‐Hung , Wang Hsiang‐Shen , Hsieh Chin‐Hsuan , Lee Tsung‐Lin , Chang Ying‐Hsu , Huang Liang‐Kang , Chu Yuan‐Cheng , Kan Hung‐Chen , Lin Po‐Hung , Yu Kai‐Jie , Wu Chun‐Te , Chuang Cheng‐Keng , Pang See‐Tong 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis study aimed to identify the clinical predictors for the response of patients with mCRPC to ARATs.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively collected data on consecutive patients who were diagnosed with mCRPC and underwent ARAT treatment during this stage of the disease. Clinical parameters were obtained through medical chart reviews. ARAT failure was defined as a continuous increase in the serum prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level above nadir to > 2 ng/mL, accompanied by radiographic progression. ARAT failure‐free survival and overall survival were assessed through Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and Cox regression survival analysis. Nomogram analysis based on significant predictors of ARAT failure‐free survival was performed.ResultsIn total, 319 patients with mCRPC who underwent ARAT were included. Multivariate analysis revealed that age, International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grading, and chemotherapy‐naïve status were significant predictors of ARAT failure‐free survival. For overall survival, age, ISUP grading, and nadir PSA level during androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) were significant predictors. Through nomogram analysis based on age, ISUP grading, and chemotherapy‐naïve status, the likelihood of ARAT duration being more or less than 1 year could be predicted.ConclusionFor mCRPC patients, being older, having ISUP Grade 5 cancer, and having a history of chemotherapy were associated with a shorter duration of response to next‐line ARATs. Therefore, other therapeutic agents should be prioritized for such patients. Notably, among the included patients, those who were older, had a higher ISUP grade and a higher nadir PSA level during ADT exhibited worse overall survival.
Chronic brucellosis with sacroiliitis: A case report
Authors: Shrestha Bibek , Shrestha Pradeep , Bastakoti Sudip , Gupta Prahlad , Magar Shiva Ram Ale 
Published: November 2024

Key Clinical MessageBrucellosis, especially with osteoarticular involvement, is uncommon and difficult to diagnose, but it should be considered in a case presenting with prolonged fever, joint pain, and back pain. The diagnosis requires a combination of history, serological examinations, and radiographic studies. When the condition is detected and treated early, the prognosis is good.AbstractBrucella exploits host immune defenses to establish the chronic infection brucellosis, an endemic zoonotic disease. While human brucellosis affects multiple organs, osteo articular involvement is rare. We report the case of a 41‐year‐old woman with a history of goat farming who presented with fewer associated with low back pain and multiple joint pain for 4 months. Brucellosis was documented by positive serological tests (ELISA). Radiological findings suggested of right sacroiliitis and fracture line on the right sacral ala though had no history of trauma. Treatment consisted of NSAIDs and multiple antibiotic therapy. At follow‐up, her low back pain, joint pain, and fever had subsided. After 4 weeks of follow‐up, her symptoms were completely relieved with no recurrence. Brucellosis with atypical localization should be considered with a high index of suspicion based on detailed history and physical examination to ensure timely diagnosis and treatment.
The mirage of diversity, equity, and inclusion: Exploring career development professionals’ pedagogy and praxis
Authors: Manning‐Ouellette Amber , Dickinson Lucia Y. , Gutierrez Karla J. , Gilly Emily F. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDespite the importance of students exploring career options, developing career readiness, and experiencing a successful transition to the workforce, historically excluded populations’ participation in career development remains low. Additionally, career development professionals continue to feel unsupported in their diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) practices and in incorporating DEI in their respective roles. This multicase study uncovers a mirage approach to the work of career development professionals, providing opportunities to engage in this work, yet largely leaving DEI work unsupported in their quest to incorporate it into their spaces. Results indicate the larger impacts of navigating a lack of support as well as the oppressive intuitional structures that persist while engaging in DEI pedagogy and praxis.
Enhancing Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalytic Performance of Nickel‐Nitrogen‐Carbon Catalysts through Coordination Environment Engineering†
Authors: Zou Hui‐Jian , Leng Yan , Yin Chen‐Shuang , Yang Xikun , Min Chun‐Gang , Tan Feng , Ren Ai‐Min 
Published: November 2024

Comprehensive SummarySingle‐atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted significant attention due to their high atomic utilization and tunable coordination environment. However, the catalytic mechanisms related to the active center and coordination environment remain unclear. In this study, we systematically investigated the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalytic activities of NiN4, NiN3, NiN3H2, NiN4X, NiN3X, and NiN3H2X (X denotes axial ligand) through density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This study unveils two distinct reaction pathways for ORR and OER, involving proton‐electron pairs adsorbed from both the solution and the catalyst surface. The overpotential is the key parameter to evaluate the catalytic performance when proton‐electron pairs are adsorbed from the solution. NiN3 and NiN3H2 show promise as pH‐universal bifunctional electrocatalysts for both ORR and OER. On the other hand, when proton‐electron pairs are adsorbed from the catalyst surface, the reaction energy barrier becomes the crucial metric for assessing catalytic activity. Our investigation reveals that NiN3H2 consistently exhibits optimal ORR activity across a wide pH range, regardless of the source of proton‐electron pair (solvent or catalyst surface).
Synthesis and Evaluation of Fluorinated Piperazine‐Hydroxyethylamine Analogues as Potential Antiplasmodial Candidates
Authors: Upadhyay Charu , Bhattacharya Shreya , Kumar Sumit , Vashisht Kapil , Zhang Xujie , Gagnon Dominic , Singh Pooja , Zhan Peng , Richard Dave , Rathi Brijesh , Prasad Singh Agam , Singh Priyamvada 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this manuscript, twenty‐one novel fluorinated piperazine‐hydroxyethylamine analogues were synthesized and tested against Plasmodium falciparum (Pf). Among tested compounds, two 13 g and 14 g exhibited promising inhibitory activity on Pf3D7 with IC50 values of 0.28 and 0.09 μM, respectively. Neither of the hits exhibited cytotoxicity on HepG2 cells up to 150 μM and Vero cells up to 20 μM. Compounds 13 g and 14 g were also evaluated against chloroquine‐resistant PfDd2 and displayed IC50 values of 0.11 and 0.10 μM, respectively. Next, 13 g and 14 g were administered to the Plasmodium berghei mice model at 30 mg/kg intraperitoneally for four consecutive doses, which showed 25 % and 50 % reduction in the parasitemia load, respectively. The efficacy of hits 13 g and 14 g was improved along with mean survival time when administered in combination with artesunate. On liver‐stage parasites, compounds 13 g and 14 g showed >80 % inhibition at 1 μM. Compound 14 g was also tested for toxicity in mice at 100 mg/kg dose, which revealed no abnormality in mice organs. Preliminary pharmacokinetic studies of compound 14 g exhibited absorption and maintained a presence in the body for more than six hours.
Design and DFT Study of New Nano Buds from the Combination of C60 Fullerene and Nanobowl
Authors: Shamlouei Hamid Reza , Tabar Elham Gravand 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this research, new nano buds of C60 fullerene compound and nanobowls were designed and their structure, electrical properties and optical properties were calculated. The absence of imaginary frequency and high cohesive energies is proof of stability and confirmation of the possibility of their formation. Calculation of the relative population showed that the E configuration is the dominant population. The calculation of electrical properties showed that combining the structures with each other improves the electrical properties of nanobuds. The highest electric charge transfer from nanobowl to C60 was observed in the configuration of C nanobuds. A high improvement in NLO properties was observed in all nanobud configurations. Calculating the contribution of the dispersion term in the energy of the nanobuds showed that compared to the parents, larger dispersion energy was obtained for the designed nanobuds (especially configuration E). It was shown that the energy of nano buds and their parents decreases in the presence of solvents. The decrease in energy as a function of increasing the dielectric constant of the solvents may be due to the increase in the dipole moments of the nanobud as a result of the electron transfer from the nanobowl to the C60 fullerene.
Within‐canopy carbon partitioning to cotton leaves in response to irrigation
Authors: Pabuayon Irish Lorraine B. , Bicaldo Jessica Joy B. , Ritchie Glen L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWhen water resources are limited, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plants adapt in part through adjustments in carbon allocation strategies, often evident in the leaves within the canopy. The dynamics of leaf carbon accumulation provide insights into how the plant partitions and uses carbon resources, a key aspect of optimizing crop productivity. In this study, we investigated the dynamics of leaf carbon accumulation in two cotton cultivars (Phytogen [PHY] 350 and Stoneville [ST] 5707) across spatial and temporal scales under two different levels of irrigation (low: 178 mm year−1, high: 356 mm year−1) in 2020 and 2021. For each cultivar and irrigation treatment, an increase in leaf mass occurred primarily at the bottom of the canopy early in the season, followed by additional leaf production in the middle of the plant as the season progressed. Irrigation reduction resulted in a canopy with reduced radiation interception, less leaf shading in the lower canopy, and thicker leaves. In contrast, more irrigation created canopies with a larger effective leaf area, increasing total light interception despite increased shading at the canopy base. Additionally, leaf carbon allocation is synchronized with fruit carbon demand at the onset of the first bloom stage for an early‐maturing cultivar. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the complex relationship between water availability, radiation intensity within the canopy, and leaf carbon dynamics, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of the plant's overall performance in resource‐constrained environments.
An Iron‐Based Fluorophosphate Cathode Material for K‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Saha Dipannita , Desai Parth , Sharma Ankur , Raghavendra Reddy V. , Srihari Velaga , Poswal Himanshu K. , Das Arpita , Mukhopadhyay Amartya 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe development of a tavorite structured K‐ transition metal (TM)‐ fluorophosphate, having earth‐abundant Fe as the only TM, crystallizing in the orthorhombic crystal system and facilitating stable‐cum‐reversible electrochemical K‐extraction/insertion, has been reported here. Synthesized using low‐cost precursors, KFePO4F has also been found to be air‐stable. Detailed information pertaining to the bonding/structure, including lattice site occupancy, have been obtained via diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and FTIR, with XPS, Mössbauer and ESR revealing the oxidation states and nature of Fe in the as‐synthesized condition and upon being subjected to electrochemical potassiation/depotassiation. The electrochemical K‐insertion/extraction, supported by reversible Fe‐redox, leads to a reversible K‐storage capacity of ~102 mAh/g (within 1.5–4.0 V), along with a 1st cycle Coulombic efficiency (CE) of ~93 % (with CE>99.9 % from 2nd cycle onwards). Ex‐situ X‐ray diffraction, as well as operando synchrotron diffraction during galvanostatic cycling, indicates reversible changes in peak positions upon electrochemical K‐extraction/insertion, with no evidence for structural change. When used as cathode material in K‐ion ‘full’ cell (with hard carbon‐based anode), a discharge capacity of ~68 mAh/g, along with capacity retention of ~70 % after 50 cycles, has been obtained; which confirms that this newly‐developed earth‐abundant Fe‐based potassium fluorophosphate can be utilized for potential application in sustainable battery chemistries, like K‐ion batteries.
Prescribed Performance Control for PEM Fuel Cell Air Supply System Based on Fully Actuated Approach With Fixed Regulation Time
Authors: Li Cheng , Zhao Yue , Liu Zhuang , Shen Xiaoning , Gao Yabin , Liu Jianxing 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe problem of air feed system control with guaranteed prescribed performance and fixed time control is investigated for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). First of all, the original model of PEMFC air feed system is converted to fully actuated system using higher order fully actuated system (HOFAS) approach. A fixed time extended state observer (ESO) is employed to approximate the cathode pressure. The parameter uncertainty is compensated by an adaptive radial basis function neural network (RBFNN). Then a prescribed performance sliding mode controller is designed with fixed convergence time. The proposed control law could guarantee the prescribed transient response for oxygen excess ratio (OER) error under stack current changing and bounded uncertainty. Lyapunov approach is utilized to proof fixed‐time stability of proposed controller. Simulation results of the study tests illustrate that the presented controller is efficient under constant OER tracking control, constant OER tracking control with parameter perturbation, and variable OER tracking control, respectively.