bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apostolska posługa miłości Sióstr Służebniczek Bogarodzicy Dziewicy Niepokalanie Poczętej w parafii pw. św. Małgorzaty w Nowym Sączu w latach 1893–2016
Authors: Kiełbasa Grzegorz 
Published: January 2019

Zgromadzenie Sióstr Służebniczek Bogarodzicy Dziewicy Niepokalanie Poczętej oddaje się wielorakiej apostolskiej posłudze miłości, a w sposób szczególny chrześcijańskiemu wychowaniu i nauczaniu dzieci, służbie ubogim i chorym, wspieraniu rodzin w ich wielorakich potrzebach oraz różnym formom pracy parafialnej i charytatywnej.Pod koniec XIX wieku w parafii pw. św. Małgorzaty w Nowym Sączu została utworzona nowa placówka Zgromadzenia Sióstr Służebniczek Bogarodzicy Dziewicy Niepokalanie Poczętej.Od 1893 roku do 2016 roku, tj. przez 123 lata w parafii pw. św. Małgorzaty w Nowym Sączu siostry wychowały i wykształciły wiele pokoleń dzieci, czy to w Katolickim Zakładzie Sierot, czy też katechizując i nauczając w parafialnych świetlicach, a później w państwowych i katolickich przedszkolach i szkołach. Ponadto podejmowały apostolską posługę miłości, służąc ubogim i chorym, wspierając rodziny w ich wielorakich potrzebach oraz wykonując różne formy pracy parafialnej i charytatywnej. Siostry pełniły również posługę organistowską w kościołach oraz prowadziły chóry dziecięce i młodzieżowe. Troszczyły się także o wystrój i porządek w kościele parafialnym.
Activation and Proliferation of PD-1+ Kidney Double-Negative T Cells Is Dependent on Nonclassical MHC Proteins and IL-2
Authors: Sadasivam Mohanraj , Noel Sanjeev , Lee Sul A. , Gong Jing , Allaf Mohamad E. , Pierorazio Phillip , Rabb Hamid , Hamad Abdel Rahim A. 
Published: January 2019

Significance Statement
Understanding how each immune cell type functions in the kidney is necessary to develop new immunotherapies for cell-mediated kidney diseases, including transplant rejection, AKI, and GN. Although CD4− CD8− double-negative (DN) T cells are a significant kidney T cell subpopulation that is anti-inflammatory and protective during ischemic AKI, little is known about the role of various MHC class I and II molecules in regulating their function. In addition to showing that mouse kidney DN T cells have IL-2–dependent proliferation, the authors identified two subsets of kidney DNT cells: a classical MHC class I–dependent NK1.1+ subset and an MHC-independent programmed cell death protein-1 receptor (PD-1+) subset that is highly responsive to ischemia-reperfusion injury. The presence of both subsets in human kidneys suggests that these findings are clinically relevant.

Background
CD4− CD8− double-negative (DN) αβ T cells with innate-like properties represent a significant component of T cells in human and mouse kidneys. They spontaneously proliferate in the steady state and protect against ischemic AKI. However, the mechanisms regulating DN T cell homeostasis and responses to external danger signals from “sterile” inflammation remain poorly understood.

Methods
We used knockout mice, functional assays, and an established ischemic AKI model to investigate the role of various MHC class I and II molecules in regulating kidney DN T cells. We also studied human nephrectomy samples.

Results
Deficiency of β2m-dependent MHC class I (but not MHC class II) molecules led to significant reduction in frequency or absolute numbers of kidney DN T cells due to impaired activation, proliferation, increased apoptosis, and loss of an NK1.1+ subset of DN T cells. The remaining DN T cells in β2m knockout mice mainly comprised a programmed cell death protein-1 receptor (PD-1+) subset that depends on IL-2 provided by conventional T cells for optimal homeostasis. However, this PD-1+ subset remained highly responsive to changes in milieu, demonstrated by responses to infused lymphocytes. It was also the major responder to ischemic AKI; the NK1.1+ subset and CD8+ T cells had minimal responses. We found both DN T cell subsets in normal and cancerous human kidneys, indicating possible clinical relevance.

Conclusions
DN T cells, a unique population of kidney T cells, depend on nonclassical β2m molecules for homeostasis and use MHC-independent mechanisms to respond to external stimuli. These results have important implications for understanding the role these cells play during AKI and other immune cell–mediated kidney diseases.
PENGARUH PH PADA PENURUNAN KADAR THORIUM DALAM LIMBAH MENGGUNAKAN PROSES ELEKTROKOAGULASI DENGAN ELEKTRODA ALUMUNIUM DAN TEMBAGA
Authors: Prayitno Prayitno , Ridantami Vemi , Mulyani Indah Muji 
Published: January 2019

PENGARUH PH TERHADAP PENURUNAN KONSENTRASI THORIUM DALAM LIMBAH MENGGUNAKAN PROSES ELEKTROKOAGULASI DENGAN ELEKTRODA ALUMINIUM DAN TEMBAGA. Telah dilakukan penurunan konsentrasi thorium dalam limbah menggunakan proses elekrokoagulasi. Proses elekrokoagulasi merupakan metode pengolahan limbah yang berprinsip pada penggunaan elektroda dengan beda potensial untuk menghasilkan koagulan. Salah satu parameter proses elektrokoagulasi yaitu pH. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pH pada proses elektrokoagulasi dalam menurunkan konsentrasi thorium. Metode yang digunakan adalah proses elektrokoagulasi secara batch dalam bak elektrokoagulator dengan ukuran 22,5 × 14,5 × 20 cm. Elektroda yang digunakan adalah alumunium dan tembaga dengan ukuran 20 × 20 cm2 dengan luas permukaan aktif 250 cm2. Elektroda dipasang secara paralel dengan jarak antar elektroda yaitu sebesar 1 cm. Proses elektrokoagulasi dilakukan dengan tegangan sebesar 2 Volt selama 60 menit. Pengambilan sampel limbah dilakukan setiap interval waktu 5 menit, kemudian dianalisis konsentrasi thorium dan pH pada masing-masing sampel. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa selama proses elektrokoagulasi terjadi perubahan pH. Perubahan tersebut berakibat terhadap besar konsentrasi thorium yang ditunjukkan oleh perubahan efisiensi penyisihan proses elektrokoagulasi. Hasil efisiensi penyisihan dengan menggunakan elektroda alumunium diperoleh 98,06% dari konsentrasi Th sebesar 439,274 ppm menjadi 8,503 ppm pada waktu 5 menit dengan pH sebesar 7,38, sedangkan dengan elektroda tembaga diperoleh 96,35% dari konsentrasi Th sebesar 439,274 ppm menjadi 16,015 ppm pada waktu 5 menit dengan pH sebesar 7,29. Kedua proses elektrokoagulasi menghasilkan efisiensi penyisihan dan peningkatan pH yang optimal pada waktu 5 menit. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pada waktu 5 menit pembentukan koagulan berlangsung cepat.Kata Kunci: limbah, elektrokoagulasi, pH, koagulan, konsentrasi Th.
EVALUATION OF RADIATION DOSE RATE OF RSG-GAS REACTOR
Authors: Hamzah Amir , Adrial Hery , Subiharto Subiharto 
Published: January 2019

EVALUATION OF RADIATION DOSE RATE OF RSG-GAS REACTOR. The RSG-GAS reactor has been operated for 30 years. Since the nuclear reactor has been operated for a long time, aging process on its components may occur. One important parameter for maintaining the safety level of the RSG-GAS reactor is to maintain radiation exposure as low as possible, especially in the working area. The evaluation results should be able to demonstrate that the radiation exposure of the RSG-GAS is still safe for workers, communities and the surrounding environments. The purpose of this study is to evaluate radiation exposure in the working area to ensure that the operation of RSG-GAS is still safe for the next 10 years. The scope of this work is confirming the calculation results with the measured radiation dose in the RSG-GAS reactor working area. Measurement of radiation exposure is done by using the installed equipments at some points in the RSG-GAS working area and a portable radiation exposure measurement equipment. The calculations include performance of a modeling and analysis of dose rate distribution based on the composition and geometry data of RSG-GAS by using MCNP. The analysis results show that the maximum dose rate at Level 0 m working area of RSG-GAS reactor is 3.0 mSv/h with a deviation of 6%, which is relatively close to the measurement value. The evaluation results show that the dose rate in RSG-GAS working area is below the limit value established by the Nuclear Energy Regulatory Agency of Indonesia (BAPETEN) of 10 mSv/h (for the average effective dose of 20 mSv/year). Therefore, it is concluded that the dose rate in RSG-GAS working area is safe for personnel..Kata kunci: dose rates, RSG-GAS, radiation safety, MCNP.
PREDIKSI SIFAT MATERIAL PRESSURE TRANSMITING MEDIUM PADA QUASI-ISOSTATIC PRESSING MENGGUNAKAN FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS
Authors: Sutarya Dede , Pamungkas Iqbal R. , Sukma Hendri , Sartono Agus , Hariyadi Dedy 
Published: January 2019

PREDIKSI SIFAT MATERIAL PRESSURE TRANSMITTING MEDIUM PADA QUASI-ISOSTATIC PRESSING MENGGUNAKAN FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS. Teknik quasi-isostatik pressing merupakan pengembangan dari isostatic pressing yang dibuat lebih sederhana dan efisien. Quasi-isostatic pressing mampu memberikan efek penekanan triaxial volumetrik sehingga dapat menghasilkan produk dengan densitas yang seragam. Dengan keunggulan tersebut, maka teknik quasi-isostatic pressing digunakan dalam proses fabrikasi bahan bakar bola (pebble fuel) untuk high temperature gas cooled reactor (HTGR). Masalah utama penggunaan teknik quasi-isostatic pressing terletak pada material hiper-elastis sebagai pressure transmitting medium (PTM) untuk mentranser tekanan statis yang seragam ke segala arah pada proses kompaksi. Oleh karena itu, sifat dan karakteristik material PTM yang dibutuhkan untuk quasi-isotatic pressing dengan kondisi batasan proses yang diinginkan harus ditentukan. Pada penelitian ini digunakan Finite Element Analysis (FEA) untuk mempredisksi sifat dan karakteristik (konstanta) material PTM untuk proses quasi-isostatic pressing dengan menggunakan model Mooney-Rivlin 2 dan 3 parameter dan metode single-acting press. Hasil pengukuran FEA diperoleh nilai C10 sebesar 120 MPa, C01 sebesar 49 MPa dan C11 sebesar 10 Mpa, namun demikian,proses quasi-isostatic pressing pada kompaksi serbuk grafit masih belum terjadi secara sempurna. Penelitian lebih lanjut akan dilakukan dengan perbaikan secara numerik dan penggunaan model Mooney-Rivlin 5 hingga 9 parameter menggunakan metode double-acting press.Kata kunci:Quasi-isostatic pressing, pebble fuel, Mooney-Rivlin, pressure transmitting medium, finite element analysis.
Impact of excess TGFβ on bone and muscle in condition of diet-induced obesity in mice with Camurati-Engelmann Disease
Authors: Bahrami Asma S. , Trivedi Trupti , Pagnotti Gabriel M. , Mohammad Khalid M. , Guise Theresa A. 
Published: January 2019

Background and Hypothesis: Camurati-Engelmann Disease (CED) is characterized by extreme bone turnover and excess TGF-β release. We previously showed that bone-derived TGF-β causes glucose intolerance, increases skeletal muscle weakness, and exacerbates diet-induced obesity in CED mice. However, it is unknown whether glucose intolerance and obesity alter bone and muscle phenotypes. Thus, we hypothesized that impaired glucose metabolism and diet-induced obesity exacerbate bone and muscle loss in a mouse model of CED.
Experimental Design: 45-week WT and CED mice were fed either high-fat diet (HFD) or low-fat diet (LFD) for 15 weeks. Ex vivo bone micro-CT and histomorphometry were used to evaluate bone and muscle. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism with p<0.05 considered significant.
Results: CED mice showed severe cortical and trabecular bone loss in response to diet-induced obesity. Trabecular bone volume was reduced by 37% in L5 vertebrae (p<0.001), 16% in tibiae (p<0.05), and 7% in femora in CED-HFD compared to WT-HFD. Bone mineral density was reduced (p<0.0001) and cortical porosity was increased (p<0.0001) in CED-HFD vs WT-HFD in femora and tibiae. Bone histomorphometry showed no significant differences in osteoclast number between groups. pSMAD2/3 staining was increased by 25% (p<0.05) and muscle fiber diameter was reduced by 32% (p<0.05) in the tibialis anterior muscle of CED mice compared to WT, with greater changes in HFD-fed mice.
Conclusion and Potential Impact: High-fat diet and impaired glucose metabolism exacerbates bone loss and increases TGF-β signaling in CED mice. In future studies, inhibiting TGF-β signaling and reducing adiposity may prevent glucose intolerance and musculoskeletal deterioration in conditions of high bone turnover.
Elevated Airway Eosinophils is Associated with Lower Airway Haemophilus
Authors: Borse Vyvian C. , Ross, MS Sydney E. , McEntire, BS Alexis A. , Slaven, MS James , Kloepfer, MD MS Kirsten M. 
Published: January 2019

Background and Hypothesis: Early wheezing and persistent cough in young children can be a first indication of asthma. Studies show that infants later diagnosed with asthma commonly exhibit airway microbiome dysbiosis particularly with pathogenic bacteria. Two such bacteria, Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae, can stimulate pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-5. Because IL-5 can signal eosinophil production, we hypothesize children with asthma and positive bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) culture will have elevated BALF eosinophils.
Project Methods: Children undergoing clinically indicated bronchoscopy in the Riley Hospital outpatient center were recruited. Chart review was conducted to examine associations between BALF culture, BALF differential cytology, diagnoses, antibiotic history, and demographic data from biobank participants. Exclusion criteria included: diagnosis of cystic fibrosis or pulmonary ciliary dyskinesia; BALF culture not performed; and/or hypocellular sample. Statistical analyses included Student’s t-test, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, and Chi-Square tests (verified with Fisher’s Exact tests).
Results: 94 samples were analyzed (37% female, age: 1mos – 17 yrs). BALF was positive for the following bacteria: M. catarrhalis (26%), H. influenzae (28%), S. pneumoniae (27%), and S. aureus (17%). Haemophilus in BALF was associated with elevated eosinophils (p = .03) and neutrophils (p = .04) and decreased macrophages (p = .001). Asthma diagnosis and prior antibiotic use were not significantly associated with positive BALF culture.
Conclusion and Potential Impact: Haemophilus was associated with elevated eosinophils in the airway. The impact of this observation remains unclear. Further research is necessary to determine pathways that lead to these observed changes within the airway.
CD33 and TREM2 peripheral gene expression in relation to cortical thickness
Authors: Braun, BS Abby L. , Sanjay, MS Apoorva Bharthur , Svaldi Diana O. , Apostolova, MD Liana G. 
Published: January 2019

Background and Hypothesis: Genome-wide association and whole genome sequencing studies have uncovered over 20 novel Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) risk genes. Many of these genes are involved with neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammation plays a pivotal role in disease development. CD33 and TREM2 are two immune pathway genes implicated in AD. We studied the association between peripheral blood expression of CD33 and TREM2, with cortical thickness – a marker of neurodegeneration in AD. We hypothesized that expression of some these genes would correlate with cortical atrophy in our pooled sample.
Experimental Design or Project Methods: Data from 155 subjects (50 NC and 105 MCI) were gathered from the UCLA ImaGene study. The imaging data was processed using the FreeSurfer 6.0 longitudinal pipeline and cortical anatomy was standardized for all subjects. A GLM analysis using Surfstat investigated the associstion of gene expression levels in peripheral blood and cortical thickness controlling for age, gender, education, and diagnosis and generated 3D visualization maps of these associations. Statistical significance was determined with p set at 0.05.
Results: CD33 expression showed a positive correlation with cortical thickness in the right medial, inferior and lateral temporal, lateral parietal, posterior cingulate and inferior lateral frontal cortices. TREM2 did not show statistically significant association with cortical atrophy.
Conclusion and Potential Impact: Peripeheral blood CD33 expression level seems to be lower in individuals with greater cortical atrophy in AD-relevant areas. This contributes to a growing body of research that indicates a role for the immune system and CD33 in particular in the pathology of AD and may contribute to future mechanism and biomarker studies.
CHARACTERIZING THE ROLE OF ORBITOFRONTAL CORTEX IN SOCIAL MEMORY
Authors: Bruce Marissa L , Andrews Katharine D. , Lungwitz Elizabeth A. , Truitt William A. 
Published: January 2019

Background and Hypothesis:
Social-enhanced safety learning is a psychosocial process used to reduce fear or anxiety by learning to discriminate fearful versus safe stimuli via a social safety cue. Learning to associate safety with a social cue requires intact social memory. Preliminary data in rats suggests inhibiting the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) with pharmacologic agents impairs social memory. However, the specific mechanism by which OFC regulates social memory remains unknown. Because the OFC has broad functional implications including valuation, decision-making, social and emotional behaviors, olfaction, and non-social memory, we hypothesized that OFC inhibition was disrupting one of these specific processes, resulting in social memory impairment.
Experimental Design or Project Methods:
Cannulated adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected bilaterally in OFC with either saline vehicle, or 0.9 mM Muscimol, a GABAA agonist that transiently inhibits local neuronal activity. At 10 minutes post-injection, rats underwent behavior testing for either: social recognition, novel object recognition, social preference (innate gregariousness), or olfactory discrimination.
Results:
Rats receiving Muscimol injection, but not rats receiving vehicle injection, demonstrated statistically significant impairment of social recognition, observed as a failure to discriminate between two conspecifics. Alternatively, rats receiving Muscimol injection, but not rats receiving vehicle injection, did not demonstrate statistically significant impairment of novel object (non-social) recognition, innate gregariousness, or olfaction, which were all intact in vehicle injected rats.
Conclusion and Potential Impact:
These data suggest OFC may be part of a unique neural circuit specific to social memory. Delineating the circuitry of social memory from non-social memory offers exciting possibilities in the advancement of precision therapies.
The Influence of Aging on the Relationship between Retrobulbar Blood Flow and Retinal Microcirculation in Glaucoma Patients
Authors: Burgett, BS Kendall M. , Siesky, PhD Brent , Harris, MS, FARVO, PhD Alon 
Published: January 2019

Background and Hypothesis: Glaucoma is a multifactorial disease; therefore, different patient populations may be more susceptible to developing glaucoma due to distinct factors. The hypothesis of this study was that the relationship between retrobulbar blood flow velocity and the amount of avascular area in the peripapillary retina in glaucoma patients differs based on patient age.
Project Methods: Data from 18 glaucoma patients aged ≥70 years old (75.9±5.4) and 24 glaucoma patients aged <70 (60.5±8.6) were used in this analysis. Peak systolic and end diastolic velocities (PSV/EDV) of nasal and temporal posterior ciliary arteries (N/TPCA) were measured using color Doppler imaging (CDI) in order to assess retrobulbar blood flow velocities. Heidelberg Retinal Flowmetry (HRF) was used to quantify the amount of superior avascular area (SAA) and inferior avascular area (IAA) of the peripapillary retina.
Results: In patients ≥70 years of age, a negative correlation was detected between retrobulbar blood flow velocity and IAA (r=−0.45 for NPCA-PSV, r=−0.36 for NPCA-EDV, r=−0.35 for TPCA-PSV, r=−0.45 for TPCA-EDV). This is in contrast to the positive correlation seen in patients <70 years of age (r=0.45 for NPCA-PSV, r=0.39 for NPCA-EDV, r=0.55 for TPCA-PSV, r=0.69 for TPCA-EDV). Correlation coefficients between the two age groups were significantly different (p<0.01, p<0.05, p<0.01, and p<0.0001 respectively).
Conclusion and Potential Impact: The relationship between blood vessels supplying the eye and retinal microcirculation is significantly different based on patient age. This suggests that different age populations may have distinct risk profiles for glaucoma. A more complete understanding of population dependent risk factor profiles may assist glaucoma screening and early detection.
A Clinically Suitable Approach to Whole-Body Imaging for Quantification of Regional Perfusion: Validation of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) with 62Cu-ETS and Image-based Tracer Kinetic Modeling
Authors: Cheng Monica , Smith Nathaniel J. , Territo Wendy L. , Mathias Carla J. , Fletcher James W. , Logan Theodore F. , Green Mark A. , Hutchins Gary D. 
Published: January 2019

Background & Hypothesis: We hypothesize that whole-body PET imaging with 62Cu-ETS and readily implemented tracer kinetic models, can enable absolute quantification of regional perfusion (mL•min-1•g-1) in a fashion that is reproducible; readily standardized across institutions; and logistically suitable for clinical implementation.
Experimental Design: Thirty-five paired 62Cu-ETS and H215O studies were performed in six Göttingen minipigs to validate the use of image-derived input functions. H215O estimates of tissue perfusion served as a reference standard for comparison with 62Cu-ETS. To demonstrate quantitative whole-body perfusion imaging in humans, paired 62Cu-ETS and H215O studies were performed in 14 renal cell carcinoma patients both prior to and following sunitinib therapy.
Results: The pig studies showed a strong correlation between regional blood flow estimates made with 62Cu-ETS and H215O, using image-derived input functions with tracer kinetic model-based corrections for 62Cu-ETS decomposition in blood (slope=0.932, R2=0.746). High quality voxel-wise 62Cu-ETS perfusion and blood volume parametric images demonstrated a strong correlation with H215O across all tissues within the imaging field-of-view. Using a same-day test-retest design, which was then repeated across two weeks, the animal study demonstrated good test-retest variability (TRV) for 62Cu-ETS and H215O with TRV of 6.3% ± 5.40% and 5.0% ± 4.77%, respectively. These findings strongly support application of the modeling methods to the human data, which is currently in progress.
Conclusion & Potential Impact: Whole-body imaging to non-invasively quantify regional perfusion holds promising potential for clinical implementation, using 62Cu-ETS PET coupled with tracer kinetic models that rely solely on the acquired imaging data.