bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to use administrative data for surgical outcomes in acute diverticulitis
Authors: Hong Michael K-Y , Skandarajah Anita R , Faiz Omar D , Hayes Ian P 
Published: September 2019

<p>The measurement of quality outcomes is crucial in surgical care. Administrative data are increasingly used but their ability to provide clinically useful information is reliant on how closely the coding can define a particular cohort. In acute admissions for diverticular disease, it is important to differentiate between complicated and uncomplicated diverticulitis, and between diverticulitis and diverticular bleeding. We aim to develop a method to define clinically relevant cohorts of patients from an administrative database in acute diverticulitis. Codes for acute diverticulitis were found from the ICD-10-AM (Australia and New Zealand) coding system, and the accuracy was established with retrospective chart review and cross-referenced with a clinical database at a single institution. Coding of non-diverticular and missed diverticular cases was examined to determine non-diverticular codes that could differentiate these cases. These were combined into logic algorithms designed to differentiate between uncomplicated and complicated diverticulitis admissions derived from an administrative database. Specific K57 diverticular codes possessed sensitivity and positive predictive values of 0.92 and 0.69 for uncomplicated diverticulitis, respectively, with 0.61 and 0.92 for complicated diverticulitis, respectively, based on 153 cases. Most of the missing cases were usually complicated diverticulitis whilst some cases coded incorrectly as uncomplicated diverticulitis were often found as undifferentiated abdominal pain. Diagnostic codes combined into algorithms that accounted for predictable variations improved cohort definition. In conclusion, algorithms with combined codes improved definitions of clinically relevant cohorts for acute diverticulitis from an Australian or New Zealand administrative database. This method may be used to develop logic algorithms for other surgical conditions and enable widespread measurement of relevant surgical outcomes.</p>
Undergraduate Rehabilitation Students' Perspectives and Advice on Strategies for Successful Field Experiences
Authors: Huck Garrett , Oswald Gina , Blake John 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundLittle research has evaluated what types of factors contribute to successful field experiences among undergraduate rehabilitation students.ObjectiveThis study evaluated undergraduate rehabilitation student perspectives on (a) factors that contributed to student success during field experience placements, (b) the relevancy of rehabilitation coursework to the field experience, (c) how field experiences influence student career preferences and goals.MethodsField experience essays from 98 students were analyzed using a qualitative content analysis approach.FindingsStudents identified a variety of factors that had a positive impact on their field experiences and offered several recommendations for how future students might have successful field experiences. Students provided a description of the frequency at which their field experiences influenced their long-term career goals as well.ConclusionsThe findings of the current study provide rehabilitation education stakeholders with an understanding of the nature and value of the undergraduate rehabilitation field experience. It is clear that student volition is a key predictor of internship satisfaction and success. Furthermore, it was apparent that a variety of different factors may influence one's experience. Future research should explore how such experiences may be enhanced in order to identify best practices for training.
Investigation of some engineering properties of waste polytetraﬂuoroethylene (PTFE) fiber reinforced concrete
Authors: Kan Abdulkadir 
Published: September 2019

In this study, a comparison was made between concrete with waste PTFE fiber and standard concrete. Both elastomeric and thermoplastic fluoropolymer find a wide use especially in automotive applications such as seals, pulley etc. A large amount of PTFE occurs during this applications production. PTFE fiber is not a conventional concrete additive. It is a waste material and it can be used as a concrete filler material. In order to investigate the behaviour of this waste material in the concrete, mixtures containing waste PTFE fiber in amounts of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% (by weight) in order to replace to the same amount of fine sand (0-1 mm) were prepared. The compressive strength, tensile strength, workability and unit weight of the waste PTFE fiber concrete investigated. It was observed that waste PTFE fiber concretes have sufficient strength to be used as semi structural concrete. The mechanical behaviours of waste PTFE fiber concrete and control concrete were very similar. Moreover, it was observed that the unit weight and workability of the waste PTFE fiber concretes were decreased. This study provides that reusing waste PTFE fiber as an artificial filler material in concrete gives a new approach to solve some of the solid waste problems by plastics.
Research of Surface Wear Resistance of Aluminum Alloy Modified with Minerals using Sclerometry Method
Authors: Skazochkin A. V. , Bondarenko G. G. , Żukowski P. 
Published: September 2019

Improving the wear resistance of the surface of metal parts used in various industries is one of the relevant areas of materials science. The aim of this work was a comparative study of the wear resistance of a sample of an aluminum alloy (EN AW-2024, an aluminum alloy of the Al-Cu-Mg system) modified with ultrafine particles of minerals using the sclerometry method, which makes it possible to measure the physicomechanical properties of the material at the microscale, as well as determining some tribological parameters (hardness and elastic modulus) of a duralumin sample with a mineral coating.Wear resistance was measured using a NanoScan-4D scanning hardness tester using the multi-cycle friction method using a sapphire sphere with control of the pressing force and the deepening of the tip into the sample. The use of such a measurement system is especially important when testing thin modified layers, when the layer thickness is comparable with the surface roughness parameters and the influence of the substrate is excluded.The measurement results showed that the wear resistance of the surface of an aluminum alloy sample modified with ultrafine mineral particles increased by more than 12 times compared to the wear resistance of an aluminum alloy surface without modification. Also, measurements of the hardness and elastic modulus of the surface of the modified sample were performed taking into account the features of measuring the mechanical parameters of thin layers.The obtained parameters of the modified surface of the aluminum alloy can be further used to build models of the processes of friction and wear of the surface modified by ultrafine particles of minerals. The lack of an acceptable explanation of the nature of the special properties of the surface modified by particles of minerals of natural origin does not exclude the use of the observed effects to significantly increase the resource of various parts and mechanisms.
El modelo de caza social: evolución y caracterización en Extremadura
Authors: Martín Delgado Luz María , Rengifo Gallego Juan Ignacio , Sánchez Martín José Manuel 
Published: September 2019

La actividad cinegética en España se caracteriza por la coexistencia de dos modelos de diferente aprovechamiento, de acuerdo con su finalidad: social y privado/comercial. El modelo privado/comercial tiene un mayor peso que el social, aunque cada comunidad autónoma presenta su situación particular. En este sentido, Extremadura es un caso singular en el que ambos modelos muestran un equilibrio en extensión superficial. A pesar de ello, mientras que la llamada caza comercial cuenta con un corpus bibliográfico de cierta relevancia, ha sucedido lo contrario con la caza social. Por esta razón, el principal objetivo de este trabajo es generar conocimiento sobre un modelo de caza que es muy representativo en Extremadura, el modelo social. Especial interés tiene en este trabajo la realización de una encuesta en la que han participado más de 130 sociedades locales de cazadores federadas en la región. El análisis de las respuestas obtenidas se ha llevado a cabo mediante el uso de técnicas estadísticas que han permitido la obtención de interesantes resultados. Entre ellos cabe mencionar la notable masculinización de estas sociedades, la baja calidad cinegética de los terrenos que gestionan y las dificultades que encuentran para acometer determinadas medidas, ante la carencia de recursos económicos.
Fractured Reservoir Simulation
Authors: Thomas L. Kent , Dixon Thomas N. , Pierson Ray G. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
This paper describes the development of a three-dimensional, three-phase model for simulating the flow of water, oil and gas in a naturally fractured reservoir. A dual porosity system is used to describe the fluids present in the fractures and matrix blocks. Primary flow in the reservoir occurs within the fractures with local exchange of fluids between the fracture system and matrix blocks. The matrix-fracture transfer function is based on an extension of the equation developed by Warren and Root and accounts for capillary pressure, gravity, and viscous forces.
Both the fracture flow equations and matrix-fracture flow are solved implicitly for pressure, water saturation, gas saturation and saturation pressure.
Example problems are presented to demonstrate the utility of the model. These include a comparison of the results from this paper with previous results; comparisons of individual block matrix-fracture transfer, obtained using a detailed three-dimensional grid, with results using the fracture model’s matrix-fracture transfer function; and three-dimensional field scale simulations of two-and three-phase flow. The three-phase example illustrates the effect of free gas saturation on oil recovery by water flooding.
Prevalence and Etiological Agents for Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media in a Tertiary Hospital in Tanzania.
Authors: Abraham Zephania Saitabau , Ntunaguzi Daudi , Kahinga Aveline Aloyce , Mapondella Kassim Babu , Massawe Enica Richard , Nkuwi Emmanuel James , Nkya Aslam 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective: Chronic suppurative otitis media is among the most common otological condition reported in otorhinolaryngology practice commonly attributing to preventable hearing loss. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and etiological agents for chronic suppurative otitis media in our department.
Results: A total of 5591 patients were recruited in this study and only 79 (1.4%) had chronic suppurative otitis media. A male preponderance 43 (54.4%) was noted in this study and the left ear (58.2%) was more commonly affected compared to the right ear. Central perforation was the commonest pattern of presentation and was reported in 53% of cases though none had attic perforation. Of the 81 processed ear swabs, microbial growth was seen in majority 80 (98.8%) whilst one sample showed no microbial growth whereas 52.5% had polymicrobial growth.
Among the isolates, most were gram negative species accounting for 59.7% while gram positive bacteria accounted for 25.6% and fungi accounted for 14.7%. Most of these isolates were facultative anaerobes. Klebsiella pneumoniae (20.2%) was the commonest isolates while Escherchia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were equally least isolated (10.9%). Tested isolates were most sensitive to Ciprofloxacin, Gentamycin, Ceftriaxone and Amikacin and least sensitive to Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and Ampicillin.
CHALLENGES WITH STUDY PROCEDURE FIDELITY WHEN CONDUCTING HOUSEHOLD SURVEY: REPORTS FROM THE FIELD
Authors: Folayan Morenike , Alade Michael A , Ozeigbe Elizabeth O 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objectives: The aim of the study was to identify reasons for protocol deviations during conduct of large epidemiological surveys despite training of field workers, validating clinicians, and providing field supervisory support. Enquiries focused on breaches of recruitment procedures, privacy, confidentiality, and informed consent. The case study was a household survey conducted in Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

Results: The study reveals that despite training of field workers, providing supervisory support, and conducting validation exercises, protocol deviation still occurred. Measures to improve internal research validity during the conduct of surveys can minimise but not eliminate protocol deviations. Individual and environmental factors increase the risk for protocol deviation. Individual factors include personal bias against adherence to elements of the protocols, and pressure to meet personal recruitment targets to maximise remuneration. These pressures increase the risk of breaching study participants’ recruitment process. Environmental pressures resulted from low research literacy that made it possible for field workers not to consent participants and for participants not to prioritise privacy. The use of electronic data collection enhanced data security. A key recommendation from the study was that improved field supervision will reduce the risk for protocol violation.
Trend analysis and seasonality of tuberculosis among patients attending Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia: A retrospective study
Authors: Bodena Dagne , Ataro Zerihun , Tesfa Tewodros 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background : Tuberculosis (TB) is a worldwide public health threats caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in which about 10.0 million people globally infected in 2017. It is one of the top 10 leading killer diseases in the developing countries, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. However, limited studies are available on seasonal variation and level of tuberculosis notifications in Ethiopia. Thus, the aim this study was to determine the prevalence, trend and seasonality of tuberculosis.
Methods: A hospital-based retrospective study was conducted by reviewing all available patients’ data from January 2015 to April 2019 at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital. Socio-demographic characteristics and results of the GeneXpert assay were taken from the registration book. The data were entered into EpiData 3.1 and analyzed by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Bivariate and multivariate analysis with a 95% confidence interval was undertaken to check the association between prevalence of tuberculosis and dependent variables.
Result: From a total of 8001 samples tested for Genexpert, the overall prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance was found to be 1,254 (15.7%) and 53(4.1%), respectively. Trend of tuberculosis proportion was downwardly decreased from 19.3% in 2015, 18.6% in 2016, 18.4% in 2017, 13.5% in 2018 to 13.0% in 2019 ( P- value < 0.001) in all consecutive years throughout the study period. The maximum tuberculosis cases were reported during autumn 454(17.1%) and summer 310 (17.2%) season of calendar year. Age group of 15-29 (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.41, 1.98), male sex (AOR 0.84, 95% CI 0.75, 0.96), relapse of tuberculosis (AOR 0.51, 95% CI 0.35-0.78), and being HIV positive (AOR 0.51, 95% CI 0.3, 0.86) were found to be factors associated with tuberculosis.
Conclusions: Trend of tuberculosis was decreased year to year. However, still high prevalence is observed with different seasonal variation. Thus, understanding and managing of tuberculosis in seasonal variation, improving case detection rate and controlling the most powerful factors are recommended steps to tackle the problem in Ethiopia.
Psychometric Evaluation of Two Short Versions of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale
Authors: Klaufus Leonie , Verlinden Eva , Wal Marcel van der , Kösters Mia , Cuijpers Pim , Chinapaw Mai 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Anxiety and depression are common in children and adolescents. These disorders can be detected via self-report screening questionnaires in a non-clinical setting like the school environment. Two short versions of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (i.e., RCADS-25 and RCADS-20) seem to be feasible for administering in schools. However, it should be examined whether its promising psychometric properties can be replicated and whether knowledge on remaining psychometric properties can be added. This study evaluates the psychometric properties of the RCADS-25 and RCADS-20 used as screening instruments for anxiety and depression in schoolchildren and adolescents. Methods The RCADS-25 was completed by 69,487 schoolchildren and adolescents age 8 to 18 years. The RCADS-25/RCADS-20 broad anxiety scale (15 items), the RCADS-25 major depressive disorder (MDD) scale (10 items), and the RCADS-20 MDD scale (5 items) were assessed on construct validity (structural validity and hypotheses testing), reliability (internal consistency and test-retest reliability), and criterion validity in conformance with internationally consensus-based COSMIN definitions, taxonomy and quality criteria. Results The RCADS-25/RCADS-20 broad anxiety scale demonstrated a sufficient structural validity (CFI = 0.98, TLI = 0.99, RMSEA = 0.03, SRMR = 0.03), internal consistency (alpha = 0.82), test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.73), criterion validity (AUC = 0.79), and all four hypotheses concerning construct validity were confirmed. The RCADS-25 MDD scale demonstrated a sufficient test-retest reliability (ICC=0.70), and three out of four hypotheses testing construct validity were confirmed, but its structural validity was suspect (CFI = 0.89, TLI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.09, SRMR = 0.06). The RCADS-20 MDD scale demonstrated a sufficient structural validity (CFI = 0.97, TLI = 0.97, RMSEA = 0.08, SRMR = 0.04) and internal consistency (alpha = 0.72), but two out of four hypotheses concerning construct validity were confirmed, while the test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.60) seemed insufficient. Conclusions The RCADS-25/RCADS-20 broad anxiety scale seems valid and reliable for screening schoolchildren and adolescents, but the RCADS-25 and RCADS-20 MDD scales show shortcomings. An MDD scale of seven items that showed acceptable psychometric properties is recommended.
Evaluation of the Effect of Cumulative Cisplatin Dose in Locoregionally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients Receiving Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy
Authors: Lin Sheng-Chiao , Lin Yu-Hsuan , Lin Yaoh-Shiang , Kang Bor-Hwang , Chang Kuo-Ping , Chang Ting-Shou 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: In nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), the cut-off value of cumulative cisplatin dose (CCD) associated with survival benefits remains controversial. This study aimed to determine a CCD cut-off value for favorable survival outcomes and to identify specific patient groups benefitting from higher CCDs. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 161 patients (male-to-female ratio of 2.6:1.0) with NPC receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy ± adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) from February 2006 through September 2015 at our referral center. The CCD was calculated for each patient, and 3-year locoregional-free survival (LRFS), distant-metastasis free survival (DMFS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using a multivariable Cox regression model. Results: Stage N3 patients and stage IV patients had lower DMFS, DSS, and OS. A CCD ≥ 200 mg/m 2 or AC was not associated with survival benefits. After adjusting for other factors, N3 status remained robustly correlated with DMFS ( p < 0.001) and DSS ( p = 0.001). In subgroup analyses, stage N3 patients treated with CCD ≥ 200 mg/m 2 exhibited evident trends toward higher OS (one-sided p = 0.062), DSS (one-sided p = 0.100), DMFS (one-sided p = 0.059), and LRFS (one-sided p = 0.059) than patients treated with CCD < 200 mg/m 2 . Conclusions: A CCD ≥ 200 mg/m 2 might result in better survival outcomes in stage N3 patients. Larger CCDs may be exclusively used in cases of regionally advanced disease to avoid rigorous toxicity.
The analysis of characteristics of 1624 soft tissue sarcoma cases in 2006~2016 in Henan Province Cancer Hospital, China
Authors: Zhang Peng , Liu Jinyan , Feng Feifei , Zhang Qiao , Duan Guangcai , Yao Weitao 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background To analyze the incidence characteristics of 1624 inpatients with soft tissue sarcoma (STS) during 2006 to 2016 in Henan Province Cancer Hospital.Methods The information of electronic medical record from the first hospitalized patients with STS in Henan Province Cancer Hospital during January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2016 was collected, and descriptive statistics was analyzed on age, gender and pathological type by using SPSS21.0 software.Results There were 1624 inpatients with STS in Henan Province Cancer Hospital in 2006~2016.The top nine pathological subtypes of STS with high constituent ratio were undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS,23.83%),synovial sarcoma(16.69%), liposarcoma(13.67%), fibrosarcoma(10.22%), sarcoma without definite type (8.99%), leiomyosarcoma(7.02%), dermatofibrosarcoma protuberant (5.79%),rhabdomyosarcoma (4.68%) and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor(4.25%). The average age of inpatients was 44.71±17.91, and the inpatients aged 35-59 accounted for 47.6%.The number of UPS inpatients reached the peak at the age of 55 to 64; The proportion of rhabdomyosarcoma between 0~4 and 5~9 years old can reach above 46%.In total 1624 inpatients of STS, the number of male and female inpatients were 923 and 701, respectively. The gender ratio was 1.32:1. The proportion of UPS in either male or female inpatients was the highest, accounting for 23.10% and 24.80%, respectively. The number of male inpatients was more than that of female in the top nine pathological subtypes of STS except leiomyosarcoma (the gender ratio was 0.84:1).Conclusion The top three pathological subtypes of STS with high constituent ratio were UPS, synovial sarcoma and liposarcoma.UPS should be paid more attention on the prevention, treatment and research in Henan in future for its highest proportion of STS.
Intense Exercise in the Quality of Life of Breast Cancer Survivors: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Neto Paulo Francisco De Almeida , Barbosa Erenice Conceição de Almeida , Júnior Nelson Carvas , Cesário Tatianny de Macêdo , Silva Brunna Rafaella do Carmo , Lima Thiago Gil Vieira de Figueiredo , Araújo Karoline Queiroz Martins Almeida de , Canário Ana Carla Gomes 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The treatment of breast cancer (BC) leaves emotional and functional sequels affecting the quality of life (QOL) of the survivors. We aim to investigate, intense exercises in the rehabilitation of BC survivors. Using the systematic search model in the PubMed databases; Lilacs Bireme and Scielo. Meta-Analysis used the Meta package implemented in software R (version 3.3.2) p < 0.05. We selected 29 articles, and after reading in the integra we excluded 27 texts being included in the meta-analysis only 2. In the QOL, the heterogeneity in the emotional function showed a difference of 75%, in the social function 36% and in the physics 32%. Using intense exercises in BC survivors during rehabilitation improves overall QOL, muscle structure, and preserves functional capacity.