bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An acylation‐Finkelstein approach to radioiodination of bioactives: The role of amide group anchimeric assistance
Authors: Fjellaksel Richard , Dugalic Damir , Demissie Taye B. , Riss Patrick J. , Hjelstuen Ole‐Kristian , Sundset Rune , Hansen Jørn H. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractHerein, we report a straightforward sequential acylation‐Finkelstein approach to achieve iodination of amine containing bioactives. The utility was demonstrated by successful radiolabelling with 123I in high radiochemical yield. Moreover, microwave‐assisted Finkelstein reaction can be employed to enhance conversion and reaction rates to obtain the desired iodides. The method is of interest for radioiodination of amine‐containing bioactives. The mechanistic details of the iodination process were studied by kinetics and density functional theory calculations, which revealed the mechanistic complexity of the reaction involving amide group anchimeric assistance. We disclose a number of fundamental aspects of amide group anchimeric assistance in substitution reactions.
Cancer survivors' understanding of the cause and cure of their illness: Religious and secular appraisals
Authors: Carney Lauren M. , Park Crystal L. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractObjectiveLittle is known about survivors' understanding of the cause of their cancer and of their recovery, nor how these ways of understanding relate to their well‐being. No study has examined both secular and religious appraisals of the same event. The current study aimed to examine both religious (God) and secular (self) appraisals of both the cause (attributions) and course/cure of cancer in relation to multiple aspects of adjustment.MethodsData were obtained from a sample of cancer survivors at Time 1 (n = 250) and 1 year later (Time 2, n = 167).ResultsCancer survivors endorsed higher appraisals relating to course/cure of their cancer than those relating to cause, and they endorsed both secular and religious appraisals. Appraisals of the cause and course/cure of cancer were differentially related to adjustment, such that self‐attributions of cause and God‐attributions of cause were related to negative aspects of adjustment (eg, negative affect and pessimism), while appraisals of self and God's control over the course/cure were related to positive aspects of adjustment (eg, perceived positive life and health changes since cancer). Religiosity did not moderate most of relationships between religious appraisals and adjustment outcomes.ConclusionsSecular and religious appraisals of cancer are not mutually exclusive, and religious appraisals are associated with adjustment regardless of survivors' religiosity. Appraisals relating to cause and course/cure have differential relationships with well‐being. Addressing cancer survivors' appraisals—religious or nonreligious—in a therapeutic setting may be beneficial regardless of their reported religiosity.
Characterization of Athabasca lean oil sands and mixed surficial materials: Comparison of capillary electrophoresis/low‐resolution mass spectrometry and high‐resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: MacLennan Matthew S. , Peru Kerry M. , Swyngedouw Chris , Fleming Ian , Chen David D.Y. , Headley John V. 
Published: February 2018

RationaleOil sands mining in Alberta, Canada, requires removal and stockpiling of considerable volumes of near‐surface overburden material. This overburden includes lean oil sands (LOS) which cannot be processed economically but contain sparingly soluble petroleum hydrocarbons and naphthenic acids, which can leach into environmental waters. In order to measure and track the leaching of dissolved constituents and distinguish industrially derived organics from naturally occurring organics in local waters, practical methods were developed for characterizing multiple sources of contaminated water leakage.MethodsCapillary electrophoresis/positive‐ion electrospray ionization low‐resolution time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (CE/LRMS), high‐resolution negative‐ion electrospray ionization Orbitrap mass spectrometry (HRMS) and conventional gas chromatography/flame ionization detection (GC/FID) were used to characterize porewater samples collected from within Athabasca LOS and mixed surficial materials. GC/FID was used to measure total petroleum hydrocarbon and HRMS was used to measure total naphthenic acid fraction components (NAFCs). HRMS and CE/LRMS were used to characterize samples according to source.ResultsThe amounts of total petroleum hydrocarbon in each sample as measured by GC/FID ranged from 0.1 to 15.1 mg/L while the amounts of NAFCs as measured by HRMS ranged from 5.3 to 82.3 mg/L. Factors analysis (FA) on HRMS data visually demonstrated clustering according to sample source and was correlated to molecular formula. LRMS coupled to capillary electrophoresis separation (CE/LRMS) provides important information on NAFC isomers by adding analyte migration time data to m/z and peak intensity.ConclusionsDifferences in measured amounts of total petroleum hydrocarbons by GC/FID and NAFCs by HRMS indicate that the two methods provide complementary information about the nature of dissolved organic species in a soil or water leachate samples. NAFC molecule class OxSy is a possible tracer for LOS seepage. CE/LRMS provides complementary information and is a feasible and practical option for source evaluation of NAFCs in water.
Rheumatism and chronic fatigue, the two facets of post-chikungunya disease: the TELECHIK cohort study on Reunion island
Authors: Duvignaud A. , Fianu A. , Bertolotti A. , Jaubert J. , Michault A. , Poubeau P. , Fred A. , Méchain M. , Gaüzère B.-A. , Favier F. , Malvy D. , Gérardin P. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractProlonged fatigue is increasingly reported among chikungunya virus (CHIKV)-infected populations. We investigated the relationships between CHIKV exposure, long-lasting rheumatic musculoskeletal pain (LRMSP) and chronic fatigue. 1094 participants (512 CHIKV seropositive and 582 seronegative) of the TELECHIK population-based cohort were analysed considering the duration of the manifestations throughout an average 2-year follow-up. Weighted prevalence rates and prevalence ratios for LRMSP, idiopathic chronic fatigue (ICF), and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)-like illness, both latter syndromes adapted from Centers for Disease Control (CDC)-1994/Fukuda criteria, were compared. Population attributable fractions (PAF) were estimated to assess the contribution of CHIKV infection to each of the three phenotypes. Among 362 adult subjects who had reported either rheumatic pain or fatigue at the onset of the infection, weighted prevalence rates of LRMSP, ICF and CFS-like illness were respectively of 32.9%, 38.7% and 23.9%, and of 8.7%, 8.5% and 7.4% among initially asymptomatic peers (P < 0.01, respectively). Each of the three outcomes was highly attributable to chikungunya (PAF of 43.2%, 36.2% and 41.0%, respectively). In the sub-cohort of CHIKV-infected subjects, LRMSP, ICF and CFS-like illness, which overlapped in 70%, accounted for 53% of the chronic manifestations. In addition to rheumatic disease, chronic fatigue could be considered in caring for patients with chronic chikungunya disease.
Spontaneous regression of severe aortic coarctation in trisomy 18
Authors: Matsumura Shun , Masutani Satoshi , Senzaki Hideaki 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSpontaneous regression of severe aortic coarctation with ductus dependency has not been reported. We experienced a case of trisomy 18 with spontaneous regression of severe aortic coarctation complicated by ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus. The aortic isthmus diameter was 1.2 mm at birth. After 5 months, it increased to 4.5 mm, and the shape of the isthmus was fully normalised.
Lower vitamin D intake is associated with low HDL cholesterol and vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency in Brazilian children
Authors: Filgueiras Mariana De Santis , Suhett Lara Gomes , Silva Mariane Alves , Rocha Naruna Pereira , de Novaes Juliana Farias 
Published: February 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the association of vitamin D intake with dyslipidaemia and vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency in Brazilian children and identify the main food group sources of this nutrient in the sample.DesignA cross-sectional study carried out with a representative sample. Blood was collected after 12 h of fasting. Laboratory tests were performed to determine total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL cholesterol, TAG, apoB, apoA1, 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone. Dietary intake was evaluated by a 24 h recall.SettingViçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.SubjectsChildren between 8 and 9 years old enrolled in urban schools (n 378).ResultsWe found an elevated prevalence of inadequate vitamin D intake (91·3 %), dyslipidaemia (72·8 %) and vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency (56·2 %). The food groups that contributed the most to vitamin D intake were dairy products and fish. Lower vitamin D intake was associated with increased prevalence of both low HDL-C (prevalence ratio=2·51; 95 % CI 1·02, 6·18; P<0·05) and vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency (prevalence ratio=1·61; 95 % CI 1·01, 2·58; P<0·05).ConclusionsGiven the elevated prevalence of inadequate vitamin D intake and its association with low HDL-C and vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency, it is important to develop specific actions in food and nutritional education as well as programmes that stimulate and facilitate access to vitamin D food sources, such as dairy products and fish.
Rapid, real time pathology review for ECOG/ACRIN 1412: a novel and successful paradigm for future lymphoma clinical trials in the precision medicine era
Authors: King Rebecca L. , Nowakowski Grzegorz S. , Witzig Thomas E. , Scott David W. , Little Richard F. , Hong Fangxin , Gascoyne Randy D. , Kahl Brad S. , Macon William R 
Published: February 2018

AbstractECOG/ACRIN 1412 (E1412) is a randomized, phase II open-label study of lenalidomide/RCHOP vs. RCHOP alone in adults with newly diagnosed de novo diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and requires NanoString gene expression profiling (GEP) for cell-of-origin testing. Because of high ineligibility rate on retrospective expert central pathology review (ECPR), real-time (RT) ECPR was instituted to confirm diagnosis and ensure adequate tissue for GEP prior to study enrollment. Goal was notification of eligibility within 2 working days (WD). Initially, 208 patients were enrolled, 74 (35.6%) of whom were deemed ineligible by retrospective ECPR. After initiation of RT-ECPR, 219 patients were registered. Of these, 73 (33.3%) were ineligible and were declined enrollment; 47 (21.5% of total) had an ineligible diagnosis on RT-ECPR, and 26 (11.9% of total) had inadequate tissue. Because the 73 ineligible patients were never enrolled, no study slots were “lost” during this phase. Notification of eligibility occurred in an average of 1 WD (Range 0–4) with 97.3% within 2 WD. This novel RT-ECPR serves as a model for future lymphoma trials. Real-time ECPR can help to reduce costs and ensure that study slots accurately reflect the targeted population. In the precision-medicine era, rapid collection of relevant pathology/biomarker data is essential to trial success.
Endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria in diseases of motor and sensory neurons: a broken relationship?
Authors: Bernard-Marissal Nathalie , Chrast Roman , Schneider Bernard L. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractRecent progress in the understanding of neurodegenerative diseases revealed that multiple molecular mechanisms contribute to pathological changes in neurons. A large fraction of these alterations can be linked to dysfunction in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, affecting metabolism and secretion of lipids and proteins, calcium homeostasis, and energy production. Remarkably, these organelles are interacting with each other at specialized domains on the ER called mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs). These membrane structures rely on the interaction of several complexes of proteins localized either at the mitochondria or at the ER interface and serve as an exchange platform of calcium, metabolites, and lipids, which are critical for the function of both organelles. In addition, recent evidence indicates that MAMs also play a role in the control of mitochondria dynamics and autophagy. MAMs thus start to emerge as a key element connecting many changes observed in neurodegenerative diseases. This review will focus on the role of MAMs in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy, two neurodegenerative diseases particularly affecting neurons with long projecting axons. We will discuss how defects in MAM signaling may impair neuronal calcium homeostasis, mitochondrial dynamics, ER function, and autophagy, leading eventually to axonal degeneration. The possible impact of MAM dysfunction in glial cells, which may affect the capacity to support neurons and/or axons, will also be described. Finally, the possible role of MAMs as an interesting target for development of therapeutic interventions aiming at delaying or preventing neurodegeneration will be highlighted.
Current-driven dynamics and inhibition of the skyrmion Hall effect of ferrimagnetic skyrmions in GdFeCo films
Authors: Woo Seonghoon , Song Kyung Mee , Zhang Xichao , Zhou Yan , Ezawa Motohiko , Liu Xiaoxi , Finizio S. , Raabe J. , Lee Nyun Jong , Kim Sang-Il , Park Seung-Young , Kim Younghak , Kim Jae-Young , Lee Dongjoon , Lee OukJae , Choi Jun Woo , Min Byoung-Chul , Koo Hyun Cheol , Chang Joonyeon 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMagnetic skyrmions are swirling magnetic textures with novel characteristics suitable for future spintronic and topological applications. Recent studies confirmed the room-temperature stabilization of skyrmions in ultrathin ferromagnets. However, such ferromagnetic skyrmions show an undesirable topological effect, the skyrmion Hall effect, which leads to their current-driven motion towards device edges, where skyrmions could easily be annihilated by topographic defects. Recent theoretical studies have predicted enhanced current-driven behavior for antiferromagnetically exchange-coupled skyrmions. Here we present the stabilization of these skyrmions and their current-driven dynamics in ferrimagnetic GdFeCo films. By utilizing element-specific X-ray imaging, we find that the skyrmions in the Gd and FeCo sublayers are antiferromagnetically exchange-coupled. We further confirm that ferrimagnetic skyrmions can move at a velocity of ~50 m s−1 with reduced skyrmion Hall angle, |θSkHE| ~ 20°. Our findings open the door to ferrimagnetic and antiferromagnetic skyrmionics while providing key experimental evidences of recent theoretical studies.
Modeling of networks and globules of charged domain walls observed in pump and pulse induced states
Authors: Karpov Petr , Brazovskii Serguei 
Published: February 2018

AbstractExperiments on optical and STM injection of carriers in layered MX2 materials revealed the formation of nanoscale patterns with networks and globules of domain walls. This is thought to be responsible for the metallization transition of the Mott insulator and for stabilization of a “hidden” state. In response, here we present studies of the classical charged lattice gas model emulating the superlattice of polarons ubiquitous to the material of choice 1T − TaS2. The injection pulse was simulated by introducing a small random concentration of voids which subsequent evolution was followed by means of Monte Carlo cooling. Below the detected phase transition, the voids gradually coalesce into domain walls forming locally connected globules and then the global network leading to a mosaic fragmentation into domains with different degenerate ground states. The obtained patterns closely resemble the experimental STM visualizations. The surprising aggregation of charged voids is understood by fractionalization of their charges across the walls’ lines.
The Use of Metabolomics and Inflammatory Mediator Profiling Provides a Novel Approach to Identifying Pediatric Appendicitis in the Emergency Department
Authors: Shommu Nusrat S. , Jenne Craig N. , Blackwood Jaime , Martin Dori-Ann , Joffe Ari R. , Eccles Robin , Brindle Mary , Khanafer Ijab , Vogel Hans J. , Thompson Graham C. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMultiplexed profiling approaches including various ‘omics’ platforms are becoming a new standard of biomarker development for disease diagnosis and prognosis. The present study applied an integrated metabolomics and cytokine profiling approach as a potential aid to the identification of pediatric appendicitis. Metabolic analysis using serum (n = 121) and urine (n = 102) samples, and cytokine analysis using plasma (n = 121) samples from children presenting to the Emergency Department with abdominal pain were performed. Comparisons between children with appendicitis vs. non-appendicitis abdominal pain, and with perforated vs. non-perforated appendicitis were made using multivariate statistics. Serum and urine biomarker patterns were statistically significantly different between groups. The combined serum metabolomics and inflammatory mediator model revealed clear separation between appendicitis and non-appendicitis abdominal pain (AUROC: 0.92 ± 0.03) as well as for perforated and non-perforated appendicitis (AUROC: 0.88 ± 0.05). Urine metabolic analysis also demonstrated distinction between the groups appendicitis and non-appendicitis abdominal pain (AUROC: 0.85 ± 0.04), and perforated and non-perforated appendicitis (AUROC: 0.98 ± 0.02). In children presenting to the Emergency Department with abdominal pain, metabolomics and inflammatory mediator profiling are capable of distinguishing children with appendicitis from those without. The approach also differentiates between severities of disease. These results provide an important first step towards a potential aid for improving appendicitis identification.
Corneal Curvature, Astigmatism, and Aberrations in Marfan Syndrome with Lens Subluxation: Evaluation by Pentacam HR System
Authors: Chen Jiahui , Jing Qinghe , Tang Yating , Qian Dongjin , Lu Yi , Jiang Yongxiang 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMarfan syndrome (MFS) is associated with abnormalities of corneal biometric characteristics. We conducted a retrospective case-control study including 55 eyes of the MFS patients with lens subluxation and 53 normal eyes of the control subjects to evaluate the corneal curvature, astigmatism and aberrations using a rotating Scheimpflug camera (Pentacam HR). Compared with the control group, the anterior, posterior, and total corneal curvature were flatter in the MFS group. The anterior and total corneal astigmatism were higher in the MFS patients, whereas the posterior corneal astigmatism was not significantly different between the two groups. Regarding the total corneal aberrations, the root mean square (RMS) aberrations, RMS higher-order aberrations and RMS lower-order aberrations increased, whereas the spherical aberration decreased in the MFS patients. Corneal parameters had potential diagnostic values for MFS patients with lens subluxation and the more reasonable cutoffs were the values of corneal curvature <41.35 D, corneal astigmatism >0.85 D and spherical aberration <0.188 μm. Corneal biometric characteristics of MFS patients with lens subluxation include decreased corneal curvature, higher corneal astigmatism, larger corneal aberrations, and lower spherical aberration. Corneal curvature, corneal astigmatism, and spherical aberration are better diagnostic tools for suspicious MFS.
Cytokine and Chemokine Profiling in Patients with Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in Singapore and Malaysia
Authors: Teo Fiona Mei Shan , Nyo Min , Wong Anng Anng , Tan Natalie Woon Hui , Koh Mia Tuang , Chan Yoke Fun , Chong Chia Yin , Chu Justin Jang Hann 
Published: February 2018

AbstractHand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a prevalent contagious childhood disease typically associated with fever, oral lesions and limb exanthema. While HFMD is caused by a plethora of serotypes of viruses under the genusEnteroviruswithin thePicornaviridaefamily, Coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) and Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) are considered the main etiological agents. In recent years however, other viruses have also been isolated in considerable numbers from infected individuals in many regions, joining the legion commonly associated with HFMD. The present study investigated the cytokine and chemokine profiles of HFMD patients from Singapore and Malaysia for the first time. Comparative cohort studies of EV-A71-associated HFMD cases revealed that the Malaysia cohort had a distinct profile from the Singapore cohort, and this could be partly attributed by different EV-A71 genotypes. As the isolation of CV-A6, instead of CV-A16, had become prevalent in the Singapore cohort, it was also of particular interest to study the differential cytokine and chemokine profiles. Our data revealed that overlapping as well as unique profiles exist between the two major causative clinical isolates in the Singapore cohort. Having a better understanding of the respective immunological profiles could be useful for more accurate HFMD diagnosis, which is imperative for disease transmission control until multi-valent vaccines and/or broad-spectrum anti-viral drugs become available.
Insights into the ubiquitin-proteasome system of human embryonic stem cells
Authors: Saez Isabel , Koyuncu Seda , Gutierrez-Garcia Ricardo , Dieterich Christoph , Vilchez David 
Published: February 2018

AbstractHuman embryonic stem cells (hESCs) exhibit high levels of proteasome activity, an intrinsic characteristic required for their self-renewal, pluripotency and differentiation. However, the mechanisms by which enhanced proteasome activity maintains hESC identity are only partially understood. Besides its essential role for the ability of hESCs to suppress misfolded protein aggregation, we hypothesize that enhanced proteasome activity could also be important to degrade endogenous regulatory factors. Since E3 ubiquitin ligases are responsible for substrate selection, we first define which E3 enzymes are increased in hESCs compared with their differentiated counterparts. Among them, we find HECT-domain E3 ligases such as HERC2 and UBE3A as well as several RING-domain E3s, including UBR7 and RNF181. Systematic characterization of their interactome suggests a link with hESC identity. Moreover, loss of distinct up-regulated E3s triggers significant changes at the transcriptome and proteome level of hESCs. However, these alterations do not dysregulate pluripotency markers and differentiation ability. On the contrary, global proteasome inhibition impairs diverse processes required for hESC identity, including protein synthesis, rRNA maturation, telomere maintenance and glycolytic metabolism. Thus, our data indicate that high proteasome activity is coupled with other determinant biological processes of hESC identity.