bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Cluster of Bunyavirus-Associated Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Cases in a Coastal Plain Area in China, 2015: Identification of a Previously Unidentified Endemic Region for Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Bunyavirus
Authors: Hu Jianli , Li Zhifeng , Cai Jiaping , Liu Donglin , Zhang Xuefeng , Jiang Renjie , Guo Xilin , Liu Dapeng , Zhang Yufu , Cui Lunbiao , Shen Jinjin , Zhu Fengcai , Bao Changjun 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a typical tick-borne, natural focal disease. The natural foci of SFTS were considered to exist in hilly and mountainous areas before 2015. A cluster of 3 patients exposed to a patient with a fulminant disease consistent with SFTS occurred from July to August 2015 in Dongtai County, which is characterized by alluvial plains; this prompted investigation.

Methods
The epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory features of 4 patients in the cluster were analyzed. Serum samples from the indigenous healthy population and native domesticated animals were collected to conduct laboratory tests, along with small wild animals and ticks.

Results
In 3 secondary case patients, high fever, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia developed within 8–13 days after contact with blood or bloody secretions from the index patient; SFTS was then diagnosed by means of reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Genomic sequencing and analysis of S and L segments of 2 viral strains isolated from 2 secondary case patients showed that they shared 99.8%–99.9% homology in nucleotide sequence. The seroprevalences among indigenous healthy population, native livestock, native poultry, and small wild animals was 0.74%, 17.54%, 6.67%, and 1.12%, respectively. Three questing ticks, 61 feeding ticks, and 178 small wild animals were collected in August 2015. Survey on tick density and seasonal fluctuation in 2016 showed that ticks were active from March to October. All ticks were identified as Haemaphysalis longicornis. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia bunyavirus (SFTSV)–specific RNA was detected in the ticks collected in 2016, and the minimum SFTSV infection rate in these ticks was 0.54% (1 of 185).Wild mammals and ticks collected in August 2015 tested negative for SFTSV-specific RNA.

Conclusions
Aside from hilly or mountainous area, a coastal plain was identified as the natural foci of SFTSV in Dongtai County, China. The involvement of migration in the evolution of SFTSV might lead to a transregional transmission event of SFTSV.
Jodh Singh, The Ghadar Movement and the Anti-Colonial Deviant in the Anglo-American Imagination*
Authors: Singh Gajendra 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This article is a study of an early Indian anti-colonial revolutionary movement (the Ghadar Movement) through the life and testimonies of Jodh Singh. Jodh Singh straddled the worlds of official imaginaries and revolutionary realities. He was a Punjabi Sikh and had been a migrant labourer, revolutionary, turncoat and approver before being imprisoned for refusing to give evidence in a courtroom in San Francisco in 1917 and suffering a psychotic breakdown in the early weeks of 1918. The detailed interviews and analyses of Jodh Singh’s madness offer some measure of intimacy with the rank and file of the Ghadar Movement about whom very little was ever recorded or preserved. It also becomes a prism through which an understanding can be reached of the neuroses that plagued both the United Kingdom and the United States. The desire to prosecute a trans-national and trans-Pacific conspiracy about which they knew very little, resulted in Ghadar assuming a fictive, nightmarish quality in the Anglo-American imagination. And Jodh Singh, diagnosed as possessing all the degenerative qualities of the ‘homosexual type’was one such victim.
Energy spectra in $p$-shell $\Lambda$ hypernuclei and $^{19}_{\Lambda}\textrm{F}$ and spin-dependent $\Lambda N$ interactions
Authors: Kanada-En’yo Yoshiko , Isaka Masahiro , Motoba Toshio 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Energy spectra of $0s$-orbit $\Lambda$ states in $p$-shell $\Lambda$ hypernuclei ($^{A}_\Lambda Z$) and those in $^{19}_{\Lambda}\textrm{F}$ are studied with the microscopic cluster model and antisymmetrized molecular dynamics using the $G$-matrix effective $\Lambda N$ ($\Lambda NG$) interactions. Spin-dependent terms of the ESC08a version of the $\Lambda NG$ interactions are tested and phenomenologically tuned to reproduce observed energy spectra in $p$-shell $^{A}_\Lambda Z$. Spin-dependent contributions of the $\Lambda N$ interactions to spin-doublet splitting and excitation energies are discussed. Energy spectra for unobserved excited states in $p$-shell $^{A}_\Lambda Z$ and $^{19}_{\Lambda}\textrm{F}$ are predicted with the modified $\Lambda NG$ interactions.
The State of American Federalism 2018–2019: Litigation, Partisan Polarization, and the Administrative Presidency
Authors: Goelzhauser Greg , Konisky David M 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Several themes characterize the state of American federalism. Increasing political polarization shapes preferences with respect to locating the vertical balance of power. To implement these preferences, the federal government is primarily relying on regulatory rollback and unilateral action. With Congress largely unable or unwilling to check the executive branch, states have pushed back on use of the tools of the administrative presidency through litigation. We address these themes through an analysis of voting and elections along with important policy developments from the previous year in the areas of immigration, health care, environmental policy, education, gun control, and criminal justice. We also review important federalism developments from the Supreme Court’s 2017 term.
Elite without Elitism? Boundary Work and the Israeli Elite Philanthropy in a Changing Field of Power
Authors: Krauz-Lahav Noa , Kemp Adriana 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe crisis of neoliberalism and the upsurge of populist politics have renewed interest in how contemporary economic elites justify their privileged position, trying to be “moral” and “rich” in an era of increasing inequality and an anti-elite climate. We addressed this question through an ethnographic analysis of the socio-cultural life of the heirs of the Israeli economic elite and of the boundary-making processes that philanthropy allows them as they face internal and external challenges. Adopting analytical tools from a cultural process approach to inequality and a contextual approach to elite distinction, we suggest that the heirs generate distinct social and symbolic position within a changing field of power by presenting themselves as an “elite without elitism.” This is accomplished through a mutually reinforcing interplay between intra-elite distinctions and “inter-class inconspicuous distinction.” We contribute to the current analysis of elite reproduction “beyond Bourdieu” first by pointing at the (re)production of power and difference within the elite, and second by showing that where distinctions are drawn, matters.
A novel screw view model of 3D navigation for upper cervical pedicle screw placement
Authors: Zhao Jianwu , Yang Lili , Zheng Shuang , Qu Yang , Zhang Xiwen , Kang Mingyang , Dong Rongpeng , Zhao Xin , Yu Tong 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
The purpose of this study is to introduce the technique of screw view model of navigation (SVMN) for upper cervical pedicle screw (UCPS) insertion. With the assistance of SVMN technology, the difficulty of screw placement manipulation can be diminished and the accuracy of placement can be improved.

Patient concerns:
A 49-year-old man presented with numbness of extremities and limited activity for 2 years.

Diagnoses:
He was diagnosed with old fracture of C1 vertebra and atlantoaxial subluxation.

Interventions:
We used SVMN to assist UCPS insertion and lateral mass screw insertion in this patient.

Outcomes:
A total of 2 pedicle screws and 2 lateral mass screws were inserted, all screws were defined as excellent position according to postoperative computer tomography (CT). The neurological function was intact postoperatively. The operation time was 293 minutes, the total fluoroscopic time was 4.1 minutes and the bleeding volume was 302 ml. There were no complications during the 48 months follow-up period.

Conclusions:
The application of SVMN in UCPS insertion could achieve satisfactory effect of internal fixation for upper cervical spine and avoid neurovascular damage. The utilization of SVMN for UCPS insertion is a safe and efficacious method. Besides, it also increased the patients’ hospital cost, and the surgeon must be quite familiar with the functional state of computer navigation.
The relation of serum nesfatin-1 level with anthropometric and metabolic parameters in children and adolescents
Authors: Kim Shin-Hee , Ahn Moon Bae , Cho Won Kyoung , Cho Kyoung Soon , Jung Min Ho , Suh Byung-Kyu 
Published: May 2019

AbstractNesfatin-1, a recently discovered anorexigenic neuropeptide, seems to play an important role in hypothalamic pathways regulating food intake and energy homeostasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation of serum nesfatin-1 level with metabolic and anthropometric parameters in children and adolescents.This study prospectively included 78 Korean children and adolescents (42 obese/overweight group and 36 healthy control group). Fasting serum nesfatin-1 was quantitatively assayed by ELISA. Lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were measured as metabolic parameters.Serum nesfatin-1 levels were significantly lower in obese/overweight group than in control group (median 1.4 vs 2.0 ng/mL;P = .003). Pubertal subjects have the lower serum nesfatin-1 level than pre-pubertal subjects (median 1.5 vs 2.6 ng/mL;P = .02). Nesfatin-1 levels negatively correlated with chronological age (r = −0.37;P = .001), BMI (r = −0.33;P = .003), and BMI SDS (r = −0.26;P = .02).In conclusion, our results suggest that serum nesfatin-1 negatively correlated with BMI in children and adolescents. It suggests that nesfatin-1 might have an important role in regulation of food intake in obese children and adolescents.
An atypical case of serotonin syndrome with normal dose of selective serotonin inhibitors
Authors: Liu Yun , Yang Hailong , He Fei , Xu Peng , Tong Hanwen , Liu Yao , Ni Jie , Zhang Qiulin , Wang Jun 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
As increasing frequency of serotonergic drug use, SS (serotonin syndrome) occurred more than ever. But clinicians have not enough knowledge and experience about SS as a potentially life-threatening condition. SS is usually caused by the increased serotonin activity in the central nervous system which may due to a serotonergic agent overdose or the concomitant use of 2 or more serotonergic antidepressants. We report a case of SS due to a normal dose of selective serotonin inhibitors (SSRIs) thus to remind clinicians to pay attention to such patients and make an early diagnosis and initiation of therapy in the clinical practice.

Patient concerns:
We report here a 49-year-old man presented with lethargic, less communicative, and insomnia for 20 days while a diagnosis of depression was considered and he was treated with SSRIs.

Diagnosis:
The patient in our case fulfilled the 3 criteria existed now for diagnosing SS, including the Sternbach criteria, Radomski revised diagnostic criteria, and the Hunter serotonin toxicity criteria.

Interventions:
All the antidepressants were stopped and cyproheptadine with an initial dose of 12 mg a day was started along with supportive care. The patient was also admitted to emergency intensive care unit for further treatment. He was sedated and paralyzed by intravenous Midazolam and Clonazepam along with physical cooling and supportive care.

Outcomes:
All of the patient's symptoms abated gradually and he soon could get off the bed and be communicative. Finally, the patient made a full recovery and he was discharged from the hospital.

Lessons:
Our case suggests an atypical clinical course while the medicine the patient takes was not in so much dose. We assumed that there may have been some variation in metabolism of these agents, resulting in increased possibility that led to the subsequent syndrome. Thus, it is essential for clinicians to keep in mind when patients taking serotonergic agents who demonstrate acute change in their mental status. Besides, clinicians should be aware of such patients who seem to be sensitive to SSRIs, who may require a genetic testing before the initiation of SSRI therapy.
A study on the relationship between sexual morality education and mental health level of Chinese female college students
Authors: Wang Yu-Hang , Luo Qian-Ying , Shi Zhou-Ting 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between different models of sexual morality education and the mental health level of female college students, to provide a scientific basis for college conduct an effective sexual morality education program that can improve the psychologic health level of female college students.
The experimental and control groups were comprised of female college students who received different models of sexual morality education. Total and factor scores derived from the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL90) were compared between these groups.
The total mental health SCL90 score for female college students in the control group was 1.48 ± 0.39, and the scores of 3 factors including SCL90-3 (interpersonal sensitivity, P < .01), SCL90-4 (depression, P < .05), and SCL90-5 (anxiety, P < .05) were all significantly higher than the national norm. The total mental health scores for female students in the purely theoretical experimental group and the integrated practical training experimental group were 1.40 ± 0.42 and 1.33 ± 0.39, respectively, both of which were significantly different from the control group (P < .05), while the difference between the 2 groups was near the threshold of significance (P = .052). There were significant differences between the integrated practical training experimental group and the control group for scores of 5 factors including SCL90-2 (obsessive-compulsive symptoms), SCL90-3 (interpersonal sensitivity), SCL90-4 (depression), SCL90-5 (anxiety), and SCL90-6 (hostility) (Ps < .01). There were also significant differences between the purely theoretical experimental group and the control group for scores of 3 factors including SCL90-2 (obsessive-compulsive symptoms), SCL90-3 (interpersonal sensitivity), and SCL90-6 (hostility) (Ps < .05). And, there were also significant differences between the 2 experimental groups for scores for 3 factors including SCL90-3 (interpersonal sensitivity), SCL90-4 (depression), and SCL90-5 (anxiety) (Ps < .05).
Different models of sexual morality education have significantly different impacts on the mental health level of female college students. The integrated practical education model can significantly and effectively improve the mental health of female college students, and as such colleges and universities should adopt this integrated model to better improve these students’ mental health.
Threshold Isocontouring on High b-Value Diffusion-Weighted Images in Magnetic Resonance Mammography
Authors: Zong Fangrong , Bickelhaupt Sebastian , Kuder Tristan Anselm , Lederer Wolfgang , Daniel Heidi , Stieber Anne , Schlemmer Heinz-Peter , Galvosas Petrik , Laun Frederik Bernd 
Published: May 2019

Objectives
Motivated by the similar appearance of malignant breast lesions in high b-value diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and positron emission tomography, the purpose of this work was to evaluate the applicability of a threshold isocontouring approach commonly used in positron emission tomography to analyze DWI data acquired from female human breasts with minimal interobserver variability.

Methods
Twenty-three female participants (59.4 ± 10.0 years) with 23 lesions initially classified as suggestive of cancers in x-ray mammography screening were subsequently imaged on a 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging scanner. Diffusion-weighted imaging was performed prior to biopsy with b values of 0, 100, 750, and 1500 s/mm2. Isocontouring with different threshold levels was performed on the highest b-value image to determine the voxels used for subsequent evaluation of diffusion metrics. The coefficient of variation was computed by specifying 4 different regions of interest drawn around the lesion. Additionally, a receiver operating statistical analysis was performed.

Results
Using a relative threshold level greater than or equal to 0.85 almost completely suppresses the intra-individual and inter-individual variability. Among 4 studied diffusion metrics, the diffusion coefficients from the intravoxel incoherent motion model returned the highest area under curve value of 0.9. The optimal cut-off diffusivity was found to be 0.85 μm2/ms with a sensitivity of 87.5% and specificity of 90.9%.

Conclusion
Threshold isocontouring on high b-value maps is a viable approach to reliably evaluate DWI data of suspicious focal lesions in magnetic resonance mammography.
Treating advanced penile cancer: where do we stand in 2019?
Authors: Aydin Ahmet Murat , Cheriyan Salim , Spiess Philippe E. 
Published: May 2019

Purpose of review
Penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) remains a challenging malignancy to treat and there is an urgent need of significant improvements at all levels of medical care. In the current review, we summarized the significant obstacles encountered during management of PSCC and discussed the clinical relevance of novel findings and their potential to address these obstacles.

Recent findings
The recent genetic and immunological advances suggest that patients with PSCC can benefit from available targeted therapy and immunotherapy options. Moreover, evidence has accumulated over time suggesting that majority of the patients diagnosed with PSCC suffer from psychosocial problems and impaired rehabilitation.

Summary
Effective prevention strategies against PSCC are urgently needed especially in developing countries given the limited therapeutic options. About a quarter of patients with metastatic PSCC appear to benefit from available targeted therapies and about half of the patients can be a suitable candidate for immune checkpoint blockade as half of the PSCC cases exhibit PD-L1 expression. Moreover, increased public awareness, healthcare provider education and social support programs may help patients suffering from PSCC coping with the psychosocial burdens of the disease.
Differentiating Deep Tissue Pressure Injury (DTPI) From Other Causes of Purpura in the Sacrococcygeal Area
Authors: Solmos Susan , Radkevich-Brown Olga , LaFond Cynthia 
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND:
Recent revisions to the pressure injury staging system include guidance on differential diagnoses for deep tissue pressure injury (DTPI). Accurately identifying DTPI is critical; however, purpura in the setting of vascular disorders and systemic infectious processes can share similar features confounding diagnosis.

CASES:
In this three-case series, we describe suspected DTPI with an uncharacteristic shape or occurring in the presence of additional lesions distributed outside of typical pressure areas prompted further evaluation.

CONCLUSIONS:
The interdisciplinary approach we adapted was useful in determining the cause of purpura when the DTPI was ruled out by the certified wound care nurse.
Skeletal muscle stem cell self-renewal and differentiation kinetics revealed by EdU lineage tracing during regeneration
Authors: Pawlikowski Bradley , Betta Nicole Dalla , Antwine Tiffany , Olwin Bradley B. 
Published: May 2019

SummarySkeletal muscle maintenance and repair is dependent on the resident adult muscle stem cell (MuSC). During injury, and in diseased muscle, stem cells are engaged to replace or repair damaged muscle, which requires the stem cells to exit quiescence and expand, followed by differentiation to regenerate myofibers and self-renewal to replenish the stem cell population. Following an injury, little is known regarding the timing of MuSC (skeletal muscle stem cell) self-renewal, myoblast expansion or myoblast differentiation. To determine the timing and kinetics of these cell fate decisions, we employed DNA-based lineage tracing to label newly replicated cells and followed cell fates during skeletal muscle regeneration. MuSCs activate and expand as myoblasts rapidly following injury, where the majority differentiate into myonuclei, establishing the centrally located myonuclear pool. Re-establishing the majority MuSC pool by self-renewal occurs after 5 days post-muscle injury, accompanied by low levels of myonuclear accretion that generate only peripheral myonuclei. In aged mice, possessing ∼1/2 the number of MuSCs present in young adult mice, the timing of post injury MuSC self-renewal is delayed, and although MuSCs expansion as myoblasts in aged muscle is impaired, the number of MuSC unexpectedly recovers to young adult levels during regeneration. Following an induced muscle injury, we found that myonuclei are generated within the first four days post injury derived from myoblasts expanding from activated MuSCs. Only later during regeneration, from 5 d to 14 d post injury, is the MuSC pool replenished by self-renewal, accompanied by generation of peripheral myonuclei.
Sequencing and comparative analysis of threeChlorellagenomes provide insights into strain-specific adaptation to wastewater
Authors: Wu Tian , Li Linzhou , Jiang Xiaosen , Yang Yong , Song Yanzi , Chen Liang , Xu Xun , Shen Yue , Gu Ying 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMicroalgalChlorellahas been demonstrated to process wastewater efficiently from piggery industry, yet optimization through genetic engineering of such a bio-treatment is currently challenging, largely due to the limited data and knowledge in genomics. In this study, we first investigated the differential growth rates among three wastewater-processingChlorellastrains:Chlorella sorokinianaBD09,Chlorella sorokinianaBD08 andChlorella sp.Dachan, and the previously publishedChlorella sorokinianaUTEX 1602, showing us that BD09 maintains the best tolerance in synthetic wastewater. We then performed genome sequencing and analysis, resulting in a high-quality assembly for each genome with scaffold N50 >2 Mb and genomic completeness ≥ 91%, as well as genome annotation with 9,668, 10,240, 9,821 high-confidence gene models predicted for BD09, BD08, and Dachan, respectively. Comparative genomics study unravels that metabolic pathways, which are involved in nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation, were enriched in the faster-growing strains. We found that gene structural variation and genomic rearrangement might contribute to differential capabilities in wastewater tolerance among the strains, as indicated by gene copy number variation, domain reshuffling of orthologs involved, as well as a ∼1 Mb-length chromosomal inversion we observed in BD08 and Dachan. In addition, we speculated that an associated bacterium,Microbacterium chocolatum, which was identified within Dachan, play a possible role in synergizing nutrient removal. Our three newly sequencedChlorellagenomes provide a fundamental foundation to understand the molecular basis of abiotic stress tolerance in wastewater treatment, which is essential for future genetic engineering and strain improvement.