bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabonomics analysis of kidneys in rats administered with chronic low‐dose cadmium by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhang Meiyan , Jia Siqi , Liu Yajing , Liu Yanli , Li Siqi , Bo Lu , Zhao Xiujuan , Sun Changhao 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the nephrotoxicity in rats administered with chronic low‐dose cadmium (Cd) by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry. A total of 40 male Sprague‐Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups, namely: control; low‐dose (0.13 mg/kg·body weight [bw]); middle‐dose (0.80 mg/kg·bw); and high‐dose (4.89 mg/kg·bw). The rats received CdCl2 daily via drinking water for 24 weeks. Rat kidneys were collected for metabonomics analysis. Principal components analysis and partial least‐squares discriminant analysis were used to investigate the metabonomics profile changes in the kidney samples and to screen the potential biomarkers. Ten metabolites were identified in the positive and negative ion modes. Compared with the control group, the intensities of tetranor 12‐HETE, uric acid, hypoxanthine, phenylacetylglycine, guanidinosuccinic acid and xanthosine significantly increased (P < 0.01), and those of imidazolelactic acid, lactose 6‐phosphate, l‐urobilinogen and arachidonic acid significantly decreased (P < 0.01) in the high‐dose group. Results showed that exposure to Cd in rats induced oxidative stress to the kidneys and disrupted amino acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism and energy metabolism.
Strain and interindividual differences in lamotrigine‐induced liver injury in mice
Authors: Akai Sho , Oda Shingo , Yokoi Tsuyoshi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractLamotrigine (LTG) has been widely prescribed as an antipsychotic drug, although it causes idiosyncratic drug‐induced liver injury in humans. LTG is mainly metabolized by UDP‐glucuronosyltransferase, while LTG undergoes bioactivation by cytochrome P450 to a reactive metabolite; it is subsequently conjugated with glutathione, suggesting that reactive metabolite would be one of the causes for LTG‐induced liver injury. However, there is little information regarding the mechanism of LTG‐induced liver injury in both humans and rodents. In this study, we established an LTG‐induced liver injury mouse model through co‐administration with LTG and a glutathione synthesis inhibitor, l‐buthionine‐(S,R)‐sulfoximine. We found an increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels (>10 000 U/L) in C57BL/6J mice, with apparent interindividual differences. On the other hand, a drastic increase in ALT was not noted in BALB/c mice, suggesting that the initiation mechanism would be different between the two strains. To examine the cause of interindividual differences, C57BL/6J mice that were co‐administered LTG and l‐buthionine‐(S,R)‐sulfoximine were categorized into three groups based on ALT values: no‐responder (ALT <100 U/L), low‐responder (100 U/L < ALT < 1000 U/L) and high‐responder (ALT >1000 U/L). In the high‐responder group, induction of hepatic oxidative stress, inflammation and damage‐associated molecular pattern molecules in mRNA was associated with vacuolation and karyorrhexis in hepatocytes. In conclusion, we demonstrated that LTG showed apparent strain and interindividual differences in liver injuries from the aspects of initiation and exacerbation mechanisms. These results would support interpretation of the mechanism of LTG‐induced liver injury observed in humans.
IL‐1 induces p62/SQSTM1 and autophagy in ERα+/PR+ BCa cell lines concomitant with ERα and PR repression, conferring an ERα−/PR− BCa‐like phenotype
Authors: Nawas Afshan Fathima , Mistry Ragini , Narayanan Shrinath , Thomas‐Jardin Shayna Elizabeth , Ramachandran Janani , Ravichandran Jananisree , Neduvelil Ebin , Luangpanh Krisha , Delk Nikki Ayanna 
Published: October 2018

AbstractEstrogen receptor α (ERα)low/− tumors are associated with breast cancer (BCa) endocrine resistance, where ERα low tumors show a poor prognosis and a molecular profile similar to triple negative BCa tumors. Interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) downregulates ERα accumulation in BCa cell lines, yet the cells can remain viable. In kind, IL‐1 and ERα show inverse accumulation in BCa patient tumors and IL‐1 is implicated in BCa progression. IL‐1 represses the androgen receptor hormone receptor in prostate cancer cells concomitant with the upregulation of the prosurvival, autophagy‐related protein, Sequestome‐1 (p62/SQSTM1; hereinafter, p62); and given their similar etiology, we hypothesized that IL‐1 also upregulates p62 in BCa cells concomitant with hormone receptor repression. To test our hypothesis, BCa cell lines were exposed to conditioned medium from IL‐1‐secreting bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), IL‐1, or IL‐1 receptor antagonist. Cells were analyzed for the accumulation of ERα, progesterone receptor (PR), p62, or the autophagosome membrane protein, microtubule‐associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), and for p62‐LC3 interaction. We found that IL‐1 is sufficient to mediate BMSC‐induced ERα and PR repression, p62 and autophagy upregulation, and p62‐LC3 interaction in ERα+/PR+ BCa cell lines. However, IL‐1 does not significantly elevate the high basal p62 accumulation or high basal autophagy in the ERα−/PR− BCa cell lines. Thus, our observations imply that IL‐1 confers a prosurvival ERα−/PR− molecular phenotype in ERα+/PR+ BCa cells that may be dependent on p62 function and autophagy and may underlie endocrine resistance.
MicroRNA‐328 ameliorates oxidized low‐density lipoprotein‐induced endothelial cells injury through targeting HMGB1 in atherosclerosis
Authors: Wu Chun‐Yang , Zhou Zhao‐Feng , Wang Bin , Ke Zun‐Ping , Ge Zhong‐Chun , Zhang Xian‐Jin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAtherosclerosis has been recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease, which can harden the vessel wall and narrow the arteries. MicroRNAs exhibit crucial roles in various diseases including atherosclerosis. However, so far, the role of miR‐328 in atherosclerosis remains barely explored. Therefore, our study concentrated on the potential role of miR‐328 in vascular endothelial cell injury during atherosclerosis. In our current study, we observed that oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (ox‐LDL)‐induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) apoptosis and inhibited cell viability dose‐dependently and time‐dependently. In addition, indicated dosage of ox‐LDL obviously triggered HUVECs inflammation and oxidative stress process. Then, it was found that miR‐328 in HUVECs was reduced by ox‐LDL. HUVECs apoptosis was greatly repressed and cell survival was significantly upregulated by overexpression of miR‐328. Furthermore, mimics of miR‐328 rescued cell inflammation and oxidative stress process induced by ox‐LDL. Oppositely, inhibitors of miR‐328 strongly promoted ox‐LDL‐induced endothelial cells injury in HUVECs. By using bioinformatics analysis, high‐mobility group box‐1 (HMGB1) was predicted as a downstream target of miR‐328. HMGB1 has been reported to be involved in atherosclerosis development. The correlation between miR‐328 and HMGB1 was validated in our current study. Taken these together, it was implied that miR‐328 ameliorated ox‐LDL‐induced endothelial cells injury through targeting HMGB1 in atherosclerosis.
Long noncoding RNA MEG3 play an important role in osteosarcoma development through sponging microRNAs
Authors: Jiang Ming , Wang Yi‐Ran , Xu Nan , Zhou Liyang , An Qing 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMore and more evidence indicate long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) to indirectly regulate messenger RNAs (mRNAs) by acting as microRNA (miRNA) sponges, which represents a novel layer of gene regulation that plays a critical role in the development of cancers. However, functional roles and regulatory mechanisms of lncRNA‐mediated ceRNAs network in osteosarcoma are still largely unknown. Here, we comprehensively compared the expression profiles of mRNAs, lncRNAs, and miRNAs between osteosarcoma and normal samples from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) to elaborate related latent mechanisms. Two lncRNAs, ie, LINC01560 and MEG3, were identified to be aberrantly expressed. Importantly, MEG3 was considered as a promising diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for patients with osteosarcoma according to the Kaplan‐Meier analysis of another independent osteosarcoma data set from the Cancer Genome Atlas (P = 0.05). Eventually, we successfully established a dysregulated lncRNA‐related ceRNA network, including one osteosarcoma‐specific lncRNA, three miRNAs and four mRNAs. In conclusion, this study should be beneficial for improving our understanding of the lncRNA‐mediated ceRNA regulatory mechanisms in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma and providing it with novel candidate diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers.
Anti‐inflammatory response to acute exercise is related with intensity and physical fitness
Authors: Antunes Barbara Moura , Campos Eduardo Zapaterra , dos Santos Ronaldo Vagner Thomatieli , Rosa‐Neto José Cesar , Franchini Emerson , Bishop Nicolette C. , Lira Fábio Santos 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPurposeThe relationship between inflammatory markers and energetic metabolism has been explored. However, the relationship between exercise intensity and fitness status is unclear, and it is necessary to understand this relationship to apply specific exercise guidance. The purpose of the study was to analyze metabolic and inflammatory responses imposed by acute exercise sessions performed at moderate, heavy, and severe intensities and their relationship with the physical fitness status.MethodsNineteen healthy male volunteers performed three acute exercise sessions until exhaustion or up to 60 minutes on a cycle ergometer at moderate (90% of first ventilatory threshold [VT1]), heavy (midpoint between VT1 and second ventilatory threshold [VT2]), and severe (midpoint between VT2 and maximal aerobic power) intensities. Blood lactate, glucose, NEFA, endotoxin, and cytokines were determined for each exercise session. Peripheral and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐stimulated release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin (IL)‐6, and IL‐10 was analyzed before, after, and 60 minutes after sessions.ResultsIn peripheral blood, severe intensity increased lactate, endotoxin, and TNF‐α immediately after exercise and glucose at 60 min after exercise. There was a trend for IL‐10 increase at 60 minutes after exercise in peripheral blood. Immediately after exercise, LPS‐stimulated TNF‐α, IL‐6, IL‐6/IL‐10 ratio, and lactate levels were higher in the severe intensity while nonester fatty acid levels decreased at this time. At 60 minute after exercise, higher concentrations of glucose and a trend for increased IL‐10 were observed in severe intensity. A positive correlation was observed between maximal aerobic power and IL‐10 (
r = 0.513;
P = 0.042), and negative correlations between maximal aerobic power and endotoxin (
r = −0.531;
P = 0.034) and lactate (
r = −0.538;
P = 0.031) in heavy intensity.ConclusionOur data show a novel finding that higher cytokine responses occur at higher intensities, mainly in severe intensity. However, the anti‐inflammatory (IL‐10) response was physical fitness–dependent.
Mitochondria‐mediated apoptosis was induced by oleuropein in H1299 cells involving activation of p38 MAP kinase
Authors: Wang Wang , Wu Jibing , Zhang Qingyan , Li Xue , Zhu Xixi , Wang Qiuying , Cao Shasha , Du Linfang 
Published: October 2018

AbstractLung cancer is the main health threat in the world. Recently, oleuropein has been reported to have potent antioxidant and anticancer activities. However, the antitumor effects of oleuropein on H1299 cells are not well understood. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is tantamount to explore the effects of oleuropein on H1299 cells and its underlying mechanism that may be involved. Oleuropein treatment in H1299 cells resulted in cell cycle distribution at G2/M arrest and apoptosis in a dose‐dependent manner. Mitochondria‐mediated apoptosis was verified by the increase in Bax/Bcl‐2 ratio, release of cytochrome
c, and activation of caspase‐3 on oleuropein‐induced H1299 cells. In addition, our data also demonstrated that the p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway has a critical role in oleuropein‐induced apoptosis. Moreover, we used transcriptome analysis to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in H1299 cells by oleuropein and SB203580 treatment. Many DEGs were annotated to metabolic pathways, cell cycle, pathways in cancer, MAPK signaling pathway by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene ontology enrichment methods. Network and expression analysis found that DEGs, including
RPS6A5,
GADD45A, and
MKP, play a key role in the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. In H1299 cells, oleuropein resulted in the expression of numerous genes related to cell signaling, metabolism pathway and directly associated with apoptosis. These results illustrated that oleuropein‐induced apoptosis via mitochondrial apoptotic cascade was activated by the p38 MAPK signaling pathway in H1299 cells. Thus, oleuropein as a natural compound and therapeutic drug has potential application value in the treatment of lung cancer.
Development and optimization of a novel process of double‐effect distillation with vapor recompression for bioethanol recovery and vapor permeation for bioethanol dehydration
Authors: Singh Ashish , Rangaiah Gade P 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDBioethanol, an important biofuel, obtained from biomass fermentation is dilute and unsuitable for direct use as fuel for transportation. Its recovery and dehydration to ∼99.5 wt% ethanol is energy‐intensive because of dilute feed (∼10 wt% ethanol) and occurrence of ethanol–water azeotrope. From an energy efficiency perspective, hybrid separation processes consisting of a membrane‐based module coupled with distillation are a promising alternative to conventional separation by distillation alone.RESULTSThe present article proposes the novel process of double‐effect distillation with vapor recompression (DED) for bioethanol recovery followed by vapor permeation (VP) for bioethanol dehydration (to 99.8 wt% ethanol) from a ternary feed of ethanol (10 wt%), water (89.9 wt%) and CO2 (0.1 wt%) and compares it with the process of simple distillation followed by vapor permeation (D‐VP). Multi‐objective optimization is performed for both processes, and the obtained Pareto‐optimal solutions for minimizing fixed capital investment and annual operating cost are presented and discussed. Compared with the optimal D‐VP process, the optimal DED‐VP process is found to be better, with 17 and 11% savings in energy consumption and total annual cost (TAC) respectively.CONCLUSIONSpecific energy consumption (SEC) of the DED‐VP process is 5% lower than that of the hybrid process of distillation for recovery followed by pressure swing adsorption for dehydration (D‐PSA) used industrially. Continued developments in membranes that can provide high permeance, selectivity and/or operating life can further reduce TAC and SEC of the DED‐VP process. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Isolation and characterization of kurstakin and surfactin isoforms produced by Enterobacter cloacae C3 strain
Authors: Jemil Nawel , Hmidet Noomen , Manresa Angeles , Rabanal Francesc , Nasri Moncef 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this work, the extraction, structural analysis, and identification as well as antimicrobial, anti‐adhesive, and antibiofilm activities of lipopeptides produced by Enterobacter cloacae C3 strain were studied. A combination of chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques offers opportunities for a better characterization of the biosurfactant structure. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) and HPLC for amino acid composition determination are used. Efficient spectroscopic techniques have been utilized for investigations on the biochemical structure of biosurfactants, such as Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry analysis. This is the first work describing the production of different isoforms belonging to kurstakin and surfactin families by E cloacae strain. Three kurstakin homologues differing by the fatty acid chain length from C10 to C12 were detected. The spectrum of lipopeptides belonging to surfactin family contains various isoforms differing by the fatty acid chain length as well as the amino acids at positions four and seven. Lipopeptide C3 extract exhibited important antibacterial activity against Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria, antifungal activity, and interesting anti‐adhesive and disruptive properties against biofilm formation by human pathogenic bacterial strains: Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Candida albicans.
Dry events in the winter in Israel and its linkage to synoptic and large‐scale circulations
Authors: Saaroni Hadas , Ziv Baruch , Harpaz Tzvi , Lempert Judith 
Published: October 2018

Dry spells during the rainy season have a far‐reaching environmental impact in the Levant. A previous study by Saaroni et al. investigated prolonging dry spells (PDSs) and classified them subjectively into three types: “subtropical,” “baroclinic” and “polar.” They developed quantitative indices to identify each type. The present study analyses dry events, both individual days and spells, based on the above classification. We found that the indices identifying PDS types are effective for distinguishing among individual dry days of the three types, but not as precursors of dry days. However, when the indices keep positive for 2 or 3 days consecutively, they become effective precursors of dry spells.An alternative, automatic classification, using the K‐means technique, yielded classes similar to those defined subjectively. The analysis revealed the dominance of the “baroclinic” type and the tendency of “subtropical” type to become “baroclinic.” Composite maps of cyclone tracks which were derived for days belonging to each type showed track distributions characteristic to particular types. For every type, the evolution of dry spells was studied through composite maps of 500‐hPa geopotential height (GPH) anomaly. The maps were derived for 1–3 days preceding the event.Pronounced patterns were identified as precursors of specific dry spell types; positive anomaly over Canada and Greenland, combined with negative anomaly over northwest Europe turned out as precursors of “baroclinic” and “subtropical” events, whereas the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), in its positive phase, was found as an exclusive precursor of the “polar” type.All three types of dry days are characterized by an offshore lower‐level wind, and by an absence of Cyprus Lows, due to deflection of cyclone tracks away from the Middle East. This implies that dry conditions in the Levant are caused by both thermodynamic (mesoscale) and dynamic (synoptic scale) factors.
ROS Is Involved in Disruption of Tight Junctions of Human Nasal Epithelial Cells Induced by HRV16
Authors: Kim Kyeong Ah , Jung Joo Hyun , Kang Il Gyu , Choi Yun Sook , Kim Seon Tae 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveRhinoviruses (RV), which are responsible for the majority of common colds, induce mucus overproduction, increased vascular permeability, and secondary bacterial infection. These symptoms are primarily caused by barrier function disruption, which is controlled by intercellular junctions. In this study, we investigated whether reactive oxygen species (ROS) are closely involved in tight junction disruption of primary human nasal epithelial (HNE) cells induced by infection of RV .Methods and ResultsIncubation with RV resulted in disruption of tight junction proteins (ZO‐1, E‐cadherin, claudin‐1, and occludin) in HNE cells. Pretreatment with diphenylene iodonium (DPI) decreased RV‐induced disruption of tight junction in HNE cells. RV‐induced generation of ROS was diminished by DPI. However, rotenone was not inhibited in HNE cells following incubation with RV. Rhinoviruses resulted in a marked decrease in protein phosphatases activity and an increase in protein tyrosine phosphorylation levels in HNE cells. Diphenylene iodonium inhibited the RV‐induced inactivation of phosphatases and phosphorylation of protein tyrosine. In addition, inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatases with phenylarsine oxide resulted in a marked decrease in protein phosphatase activity and disruption of tight junction proteins in HNE cells.ConclusionOur results suggest that ROS‐mediated inhibition of phosphatases plays a crucial role in disruption of tight junctions in HNE cells by RV. The data suggest that RV infection may damage nasal epithelial barrier function.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 128:E393–E401, 2018
Familial unilateral vestibular schwannoma is rarely caused by inherited variants in the NF2 gene
Authors: Evans D. Gareth , Wallace Andrew J. , Hartley Claire , Freeman Simon R. , Lloyd Simon K. , Thomas Owen , Axon Patrick , Hammerbeck‐Ward Charlotte L. , Pathmanaban Omar , Rutherford Scott A. , Kellett Mark , Laitt Roger , King Andrew T. , Bischetsrieder Jemma , Blakeley Jaishri , Smith Miriam J. 
Published: October 2018

Objectives/HypothesisUnilateral vestibular schwannoma (VS) occurs with a lifetime risk of around 1 in 1,000 and is due to inactivation of the NF2 gene, either somatically or from a constitutional mutation. It has been postulated that familial occurrence of unilateral VS occurs more frequently than by chance, but no causal mechanism has been confirmed.Study DesignRetrospective database analysis.MethodsThe likelihood of chance occurrence of unilateral VS, or occurring in the context of neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2), was assessed using national UK audit data and data from the national NF2 database. Families with familial unilateral VS (occurrence in first‐ and second‐degree relatives) were assessed for constitutional NF2 and LZTR1 genetic variants, and where possible the tumor was also analyzed.ResultsApproximately 1,000 cases of unilateral VS occurred annually in the United Kingdom between 2013 and 2016. Of these, 2.5 may be expected to have a first‐degree relative who had previously developed a unilateral VS. The likelihood of this occurring in NF2 was considered to be as low as 0.05 annually. None of 28 families with familial unilateral VS had a constitutional NF2 intragenic variant, and in nine cases where the VS was analyzed, both mutational events in NF2 were identified and excluded from the germline. Only three variants of uncertain significance were found in LZTR1.ConclusionsFamilial occurrence of unilateral VS is very unlikely to be due to a constitutional NF2 or definitely pathogenic LZTR1 variant. The occurrence of unilateral VS in two or more first‐degree relatives is likely due to chance. This phenomenon may well increase in clinical practice with increasing use of cranial magnetic resonance imaging in older patients.Level of Evidence2b Laryngoscope, 129:967–973, 2019