bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A College-Community Collaboration: Fostering Developmentally Appropriate Practices in the Age of Accountability
Authors: Mages Wendy K , Nitecki Elena , Ohseki Aki 
Published: October 2018

Early childhood education faculty from a college collaborated with a local public school district to conduct a series of professional-development workshops for early childhood practitioners. The workshop series was designed to address pedagogical concerns identified by district administrators and teachers, as well as to help early childhood educators maintain developmentally appropriate practices in an increasingly standards-based, assessment-oriented climate, defined by the Common Core Standards and state-mandated testing. Participant survey responses indicated that, although all workshops were well received, participants found more value in the application-focused workshops than the content-focused workshops. In an evidence-based, educational climate, professional development opportunities tend to focus on initiatives designed to directly impact student learning outcomes. Yet, professional development initiatives that provide opportunities for teachers to broaden their knowledge and acquire new strategies and skills may also be beneficial. Thus, policies and practices associated with opportunities for teacher professional development should carefully consider practitioner and institutional needs and reflect a range of constituent-identified foci and goals, in order to productively meet the needs of both classroom teachers and their students.
Surveying seaweeds from the Ulvales and Fucales in the world’s most frequently used artificial waterway, the Kiel Canal
Authors: Steinhagen Sophie , Karez Rolf , Weinberger Florian 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The Kiel Canal is one of the world’s most frequently used inland waterways and connects the SW Baltic Sea with the Wadden Sea. At the same time, the canal is a highly eutrophicated environment that is characterized by salinities that range from 3 to 16. This brackish character could make the Kiel Canal an important stepping stone for the introductions of species into the inner Baltic Sea. It could also hinder the identification of native and introduced species, given the fact that salinity sometimes severely affects algal morphology. Here we report on a survey of introduced and native seaweed species in the canal, focusing on the dominant groups, which are Fucales and Ulvales. Of the Fucales, the introduced species Fucus evanescens was detected nearly exclusively inside the canal, while Fucus vesiculosus dominated rockweed communities directly outside the sluice gates. Morphological analysis and genetic barcoding distinguished three species of Ulvales, Ulva linza, Ulva intestinalis and an unknown and possibly introduced species of the genus Blidingia. Species distributions and – in the case of U. intestinalis – branching patterns were clearly affected by salinity, while thallus sizes appeared to be affected by the specific eutrophication status of sites within the canal.
Estuarine algal responses to increasing nitrate concentrations during closed mouth conditions of oligotrophic systems: a laboratory microcosm experiment
Authors: Lemley Daniel Alan , Nunes Monique , Adams Janine Barbara 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The increasing incidence of eutrophication has potentially detrimental socio-economic and ecological consequences. This study aimed to elucidate the temporal dynamics of algal communities in response to increasing initial concentrations of inorganic nitrogen (particularly nitrate) – central components of eutrophication. A contained microcosm experiment was designed to mimic the conditions of shallow oligotrophic estuaries with high water residence times. Phytoplankton, microphytobenthos and filamentous algal community dynamics were observed over a 28-day experimental period under different nitrate regimes. Key observations included (1) accelerated filamentous algal growth, (2) rapid loss of phytoplankton biomass and abundance, and (3) reduced benthic diatom species diversity and richness in the “1.0 μm Nitrate Addition” treatment. Additionally, model results highlighted the positive relationship between filamentous algal growth and increased water temperature. From a global change perspective, the decline in microalgal abundance and diversity at the onset of filamentous algal growth in warm, N-enriched environments suggests a potential uncoupling of trophic pathways. However, the “Control” and “0.5 μm Nitrate Addition” treatments were similar in their algal responses, highlighting the ability of ecosystems to absorb small disturbances. Thus, it is critical that estuarine resilience is preserved to ensure continued provision of invaluable ecosystem services.
Corrosion effects on seismic capacity of reinforced concrete structures
Authors: Bossio Antonio , Fabbrocino Francesco , Monetta Tullio , Lignola Gian Piero , Prota Andrea , Manfredi Gaetano , Bellucci Francesco 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Recently, corrosion prevention and monitoring of reinforced concrete (RC) structures became an important issue for seismic assessment of such kind of structures. Therefore, it is important to develop adequate models to represent material degradation into seismic behavior simulation of RC structures. Because of its effects, corrosion represents the most important form of degradation for materials and structures, both for wide diffusion and the amount of danger it presents. To understand the corrosion process is critical in order to design RC structures that are able to guarantee the required service life and in order to understand the residual service life and strength of an existing structure. The seismic behavior of a corroded framed RC structure is analyzed by means of push-over analyses, which allow understanding the development of the global behavior of the structure. Three different degrees of corrosion penetration were simulated, by means of the reduction of bars and stirrups’ diameters and concrete cover cracking and spalling, and three different configurations of corrosion, depending on the number of corroded frames and sides of the structural elements.
Negative oxygen ion (NOI) production by enhanced photocatalytic TiO2/GO composites anchored on wooden substrates
Authors: Han Xiaoshuai , Wang Zhenxing , Zhang Qinqin , Lv Yan , Pu Junwen 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2)/graphene oxide (GO)-treated wood was fabricated through a one-step hydrothermal-vacuum dipping technique, in which silica sol serves as a dispersant and linker owing to its good stability and high surface area, while the visible light activates TiO2/GO and negative oxygen ions (NOI) arise. This approach exhibits a super dye adsorption capacity and enhanced photocatalytic efficiency. In focus was the effect of the three-dimensional (3D) GO dopant on the NOI production, which was very high in this system. Namely, the concentration of NOI is up to 1710 ions cm−3 after 60 min visible light irradiation. Moreover, recycling experiments show that the properties of a TiO2/GO-wood system are stable. The TiO2/GO-treated wood is a healthy, environmentally friendly material which is promising for indoor decoration.
Characterization of Highly Active Al2O3-TiO2 Supported Pt and Pd Catalysts for Hydrodechlorination of 1,2-Dichloroethane
Authors: Granados-Fócil A. A. , Núñez-Correa S. , Martín-Guaregua N. C. , García-Mendoza C. , Woolfolk-Frías L. G. , De Los Reyes-Heredia J. A. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Al2O3-TiO2 (AT) mixed oxide with atomic ratio Al/Ti = 25 and Al2O3 (A) supports were prepared by the sol-gel method and impregnated to obtain monometallic Pd and Pt (1 wt % of metal), and bimetallic PdPt (Pd/Pt = 4) catalysts. These catalysts were tested in the gas-phase hydrodechlorination of 1,2 dichloroethane. The materials were characterized by nitrogen physisorption, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) and high-resolution transmission microscopy (HRTEM). AT support showed a BET area (422 m2/g), slightly higher than A(374 m2/g). The specific activity for the AT supported catalysts was higher than that for the A supported catalysts. The order of activity for the AT supported catalysts was as follows: Pd> PdPt> Pt and in terms of selectivity towards non-chlorinated compounds the order was PdPt> Pd> Pt. The differences in the activities and the selectivities can be explained by the presence of different species of Pd in the supported catalysts.
The standardized extract of Nigella sativa and its major ingredient, thymoquinone, ameliorates angiotensin II-induced hypertension in rats
Authors: Enayatfard Lili , Mohebbati Reza , Niazmand Saeed , Hosseini Mahmoud , Shafei Mohammad Naser 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Background
This study investigated the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Nigella sativa (N. sativa) and its active component, thymoquinone (TQ) on hypertension induced by angiotensin II (AngII), the main product of renin–angiotensin system (RAS).

Methods
Seven animal groups (n=7 for each group) were used as follows: (1) control, (2) AngII (300 ng/kg), (3) AngII+losartan (Los; 10 mg/kg), (4) TQ (40 mg/kg)+AngII, and (5–7) three doses of N. sativa (200, 400, and 600 mg/kg)+AngII. Los and AngII were injected intravenously; TQ and extracts were injected intraperitoneally. In TQ and N. sativa-treated groups, 30 min after injection of the extract and TQ, AngII was injected. Cardiovascular parameters were recorded by power lab system after cannulation of femoral artery. The maximum changes (∆) of systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR) were calculated and used for statistical analysis.

Results
AngII significantly increased maximal ∆SBP, ∆MAP, and ∆HR compared with the control (p<0.001), and these effects significantly were blunted by Los. TQ and two higher doses (400 and 600 mg/kg) of N. sativa significantly could antagonize effect of AngII on ∆SBP, ∆MAP (p<0.05 to p<0.001). AngII-induced changes of HR are also significantly decreased by TQ and dose 600 mg/kg of extract (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively).

Conclusions
The N. sativa and its component TQ have the beneficial effect on hypertension probably due to attenuation cardiovascular effects of AngII.
Optimizing Integrated Features for Hindi Automatic Speech Recognition System
Authors: Dua Mohit , Aggarwal Rajesh Kumar , Biswas Mantosh 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
An automatic speech recognition (ASR) system translates spoken words or utterances (isolated, connected, continuous, and spontaneous) into text format. State-of-the-art ASR systems mainly use Mel frequency (MF) cepstral coefficient (MFCC), perceptual linear prediction (PLP), and Gammatone frequency (GF) cepstral coefficient (GFCC) for extracting features in the training phase of the ASR system. Initially, the paper proposes a sequential combination of all three feature extraction methods, taking two at a time. Six combinations, MF-PLP, PLP-MFCC, MF-GFCC, GF-MFCC, GF-PLP, and PLP-GFCC, are used, and the accuracy of the proposed system using all these combinations was tested. The results show that the GF-MFCC and MF-GFCC integrations outperform all other proposed integrations. Further, these two feature vector integrations are optimized using three different optimization methods, particle swarm optimization (PSO), PSO with crossover, and PSO with quadratic crossover (Q-PSO). The results demonstrate that the Q-PSO-optimized GF-MFCC integration show significant improvement over all other optimized combinations.
CO-OFDM and DP-QPSK Based DWDM Optical Wireless Communication System
Authors: Padhy Jagana Bihari , Patnaik Bijayananda 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The 5 G technology provides a promising solution for future broadband networks. It requires access to high-speed wireless services for systems at anytime and anywhere. For adapting the 5 G services, this paper proposes an optical wireless system with hybrid scheme of dual polarized Gbps dense wavelength division multiplexed (DWDM) system. The multi-carrier transmission technique such as coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) has also been incorporated into the system. The frequency spacing for the DWDM system is taken 25, 50 and 100 GHz according to the ITU-T standard. Here the subcarriers of each channel are modulated with the dual polarized-quadrature phase shift keying (DP-QPSK) sequence. The information is transmitted with an overall data rate of 0.32 Tbps. The system is successfully demonstrated at different turbulence regime from clear weather to severe turbulence weather under Gamma-Gamma atmospheric turbulence channel model. Due to the high optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) tolerance and high spectrum efficiency of the dual polarized multi-channel and multicarrier transmission technique, the link distance achieved is 2.9 km in clear weather, 2.6 km in moderate turbulence regime, 2.3 km in high turbulence regime and 0.9 km in severe turbulence regime. A comparison study with related works has been carried out. Mathematical modeling is also incorporated for detail analysis of the proposed system.
Birth risks according to maternal height and weight – an analysis of the German Perinatal Survey
Authors: Voigt Manfred , Hagenah Hans-Peter , Jackson Tanya , Kunze Mirjam , Wittwer-Backofen Ursula , Olbertz Dirk Manfred , Straube Sebastian 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the variability in the prevalences of selected birth risks in women of different heights and weights.

Methods
Data from the German Perinatal Survey of 1998–2000 were analyzed: 503,468 cases contributed to our analysis of the prevalences of selected birth risks specified according to maternal weight groups, 502,562 cases contributed to our analysis according to maternal height groups and 43,928 cases contributed to our analysis of birth risks in women with a body mass index (BMI) of 21–23 kg/m2 but different heights and weights. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22.

Results
Some birth risks varied substantially by maternal height in women with a “normal” BMI of 21–23 kg/m2: the prevalence of post-term birth increased from 8.7% in women with a height of 150 cm to 13.5% in 185 cm tall women, the prevalence of preterm birth decreased from 5.9% (150 cm tall women) to 3.1% (185 cm tall women), a pathologic cardiotocography (CTG) or poor fetal heart sounds on auscultation occurred in 19.4% of the 150 cm tall women but only in 9.2% of 185 cm tall women and cephalopelvic disproportion decreased from 12.3% (150 cm tall women) to 1.2% (185 cm tall women). Analyses of women in different body height and weight groups (without restriction of BMI) likewise showed differences in the prevalences of some birth risks.

Conclusion
Birth risks may vary by height and weight in women with the same, “normal” BMI. BMI should not be the only way by which the impact of maternal height and weight is assessed with regard to perinatal outcomes such as birth risks.
The lexical impact of language contact with Arabic on Spanish and Catalan
Authors: Ruhstaller Stefan , Gordón Peral María Dolores 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
During the nine centuries of Arab presence in the Iberian Peninsula (from the conquest in 711 to the expulsion of the Moriscos in 1610), the Ibero-Romance languages received hundreds of Arabic loanwords. This lexicon is distributed in specific notional fields that reflect the cultural exchange that Christian Spain benefitted from in its contact with Al-Andalus, and is often characterized by a limited diatopic, diastratic and diachronic diffusion that reveals that the transfer of lexical material occurred in very varied social, political and cultural contexts and periods. There was already an interest in Arabic loanwords during the Age of Humanism, at which time they began to be the object of systematic compilations and attempts at etymological interpretation. In the second half of the nineteenth century, authors such as Dozy and Eguílaz gathered an ample documentation of Arabic loanwords and proposed numerous, largely correct etymologies. With the studies of modern authors, mainly of J. Corominas and F. Corriente, the lexical material has been further extended and deepened in the description and etymological analysis, efforts whose results are incorporated into dictionaries specifically centred on Arabic loanwords and etymological works of general orientation.
Language contact on the Iberian Peninsula: Romani and the autochthonous languages
Authors: Doppelbauer Max 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This article focuses on the history of the linguistic exchange between Romani and the autochthonous languages of the Iberian Peninsula, and on the studies in this field. Over the last 600 years, Romani has entirely disappeared, leaving marks in the evolution of mixed languages, the so-called Calos. A handful of lexemes in Spanish, Portuguese and Catalan are the only remnants of a long shared history of social (and linguistic) exclusion.
A taxonomy of user guidance devices for e-lexicography
Authors: Bothma Theo J. D. , Prinsloo Danie J. , Heid Ulrich 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The aim of this article is to give an overview of the nature of current lexicographic user guidance devices and to suggest a possible classification or taxonomy to serve as a guideline for future compilations of such tools to assist users in communicative and cognitive situations, especially in text production, text reception and computer assisted vocabulary learning. The higher levels of the taxonomy are broadly based on the Function Theory of Lexicography. The lower level of tools that support the communicative function describes the nature of the interaction of the user with the tool - interactive, automated linking/checking and automated translation. The lower level of the tools that describe the cognitive function can be further expanded, based on the nature of the cognition e.g. into self-study of corpus-based analyses and computer-aided learning. We expect this work to provide a broader basis for the discussion of this dispersed set of tools, and for a more principled design and development of new ones.
Simulation model for frictional contact of two elastic surfaces in micro/nanoscale and its validation
Authors: Michałowski Marcin 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
A numerical model is suggested and validated for simulating frictional forces between two samples. The model employs knowledge of surface topographies and values of surface properties provided in the relevant literature and can be applied to contact between complex surfaces. It employs the Lennard-Jones molecular force theory and applies it to a surface segmented into cuboids, which represent separate springs in a Winkler layer. In order to model a contact of two rough surfaces, their asperities are merged into one surface that is put into contact with a perfectly flat surface. Validation, done by atomic force microscopy (AFM), shows that the model can be applied for contacts of rigid samples in the elastic regime of forces.
Government Debt and Economic Growth. A Threshold Analysis for Greece
Authors: Pegkas Panagiotis 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This study addresses the issue of threshold effects between general government debt and economic growth in Greece over the period 1970–2016. Using threshold models, there is evidence in favour of a negative association between general government debt and economic growth. The results indicate that the magnitude of this negative relationship between debt and growth depends on debt regimes. Also, the results seem to suggest that public debt might be associated with lower growth at low and moderate public debt levels. Specifically, at debt levels lower than 23.5 percent of GDP, increases in the general government debt-to-GDP ratio are associated with higher negative effect on economic growth, than at very high debt levels of 109.4 percent of GDP. The overall results could explain why general government debt was a significant drag on economic growth of Greece and that the crisis is far from over as thresholds are still binding.
Computational analysis and identification of battery materials
Authors: Meutzner F. , Nestler T. , Zschornak M. , Canepa P. , Gautam G. S. , Leoni S. , Adams S. , Leisegang T. , Blatov V. A. , Meyer D. C. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Crystallography is a powerful descriptor of the atomic structure of solid-state matter and can be applied to analyse the phenomena present in functional materials. Especially for ion diffusion – one of the main processes found in electrochemical energy storage materials – crystallography can describe and evaluate the elementary steps for the hopping of mobile species from one crystallographic site to another. By translating this knowledge into parameters and search for similar numbers in other materials, promising compounds for future energy storage materials can be identified. Large crystal structure databases like the ICSD, CSD, and PCD have accumulated millions of measured crystal structures and thus represent valuable sources for future data mining and big-data approaches. In this work we want to present, on the one hand, crystallographic approaches based on geometric and crystal-chemical descriptors that can be easily applied to very large databases. On the other hand, we want to show methodologies based on ab initio and electronic modelling which can simulate the structure features more realistically, incorporating also dynamic processes. Their theoretical background, applicability, and selected examples are presented.
Sleep and Wakefulness Are Controlled by Ventral Medial Midbrain/Pons GABAergic Neurons in Mice
Authors: Takata Yohko , Oishi Yo , Zhou Xu-Zhao , Hasegawa Emi , Takahashi Koji , Cherasse Yoan , Sakurai Takeshi , Lazarus Michael 
Published: October 2018

Sleep–wake behavior is controlled by a wide range of neuronal populations in the mammalian brain. Although the ventral midbrain/pons (VMP) area is suggested to participate in sleep–wake regulation, the neuronal mechanisms have remained unclear. Here, we found that nonspecific cell ablation or selective ablation of GABAergic neurons by expressing diphtheria toxin fragment A in the VMP in male mice induced a large increase in wakefulness that lasted at least 4 weeks. In contrast, selective ablation of dopaminergic neurons in the VMP had little effect on wakefulness. Chemogenetic inhibition of VMP GABAergic neurons also markedly increased wakefulness. The wake-promoting effect of the VMP GABAergic neuron ablation or inhibition was attenuated to varying degrees by the administration of dopamine D1 or D2/3 receptor antagonists and abolished by the administration of both antagonists together. In contrast, chemogenetic activation of VMP GABAergic neurons very strongly increased slow-wave sleep and reduced wakefulness. These findings suggest that VMP GABAergic neurons regulate dopaminergic actions in the sleep–wake behavior of mice.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCurrent understanding of the neuronal mechanisms and populations that regulate sleep–wake behavior is incomplete. Here, we identified a GABAergic ventral midbrain/pons area that is necessary for controlling the daily amount of sleep and wakefulness in mice. We also found that these inhibitory neurons control wakefulness by suppressing dopaminergic systems. Surprisingly, activation of these neurons strongly induced slow-wave sleep while suppressing wakefulness. Our study reveals a new brain mechanism critical for sleep–wake regulation.