bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polarization‐Controlled Broadband Accelerating Beams Generation by Single Catenary‐Shaped Metasurface
Authors: Guo Yinghui , Huang Yijia , Li Xiong , Pu Mingbo , Gao Ping , Jin JinJin , Ma Xiaoliang , Luo Xiangang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSelf‐accelerating beams have drawn enormous attentions in optics owing to their nondiffracting and self‐healing properties. Traditionally, the generation of such beams demands bulky devices and a long working distance, which impede the miniaturization of the optical system. Recent progresses in metasurfaces facilitate replacing cumbersome optical components by ultrathin and planar nano‐optical devices. Nevertheless, most of the existing approaches suffer from fixed trajectories, narrow operation bandwidth and low efficiency. Here, a methodology is proposed to generate self‐accelerating beams with arbitrary profiles by employing a generalized analysis based on geometric optics and interference theory. As a proof of the concept, single catenary‐shaped metasurface is utilized to generate the cubic phase shift, which leads to a reciprocal accelerating trajectory. The spatially continuous and spectrally dispersionless catenary nanoapertures show great advantages in terms of bandwidth and efficiency over discrete counterparts. The polarization‐controlled accelerating trajectories are demonstrated by both simulations and measured results. The proposed compact and efficient beam generators are believed to be promising for future on‐chip and integration applications.
Fluorine‐Free Noble Salt Anion for High‐Performance All‐Solid‐State Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Zhang Heng , Judez Xabier , Santiago Alexander , Martinez‐Ibañez Maria , Muñoz‐Márquez Miguel Ángel , Carrasco Javier , Li Chunmei , Eshetu Gebrekidan Gebresilassie , Armand Michel 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAmongst post‐Li‐ion battery technologies, lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries have captured an immense interest as one of the most appealing devices from both the industrial and academia sectors. The replacement of conventional liquid electrolytes with solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) enables not only a safer use of Li metal (Li°) anodes but also a flexible design in the shape of Li–S batteries. However, the practical implementation of SPEs‐based all‐solid‐state Li–S batteries (ASSLSBs) is largely hindered by the shuttling effect of the polysulfide intermediates and the formation of dendritic Li° during the battery operation. Herein, a fluorine‐free noble salt anion, tricyanomethanide [C(CN)3−, TCM−], is proposed as a Li‐ion conducting salt for ASSLSBs. Compared to the widely used perfluorinated anions {e.g., bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion, [N(SO2CF3)2)]−, TFSI−}, the LiTCM‐based electrolytes show decent ionic conductivity, good thermal stability, and sufficient anodic stability suiting the cell chemistry of ASSLSBs. In particular, the fluorine‐free solid electrolyte interphase layer originating from the decomposition of LiTCM exhibits a good mechanical integrity and Li‐ion conductivity, which allows the LiTCM‐based Li–S cells to be cycled with good rate capability and Coulombic efficiency. The LiTCM‐based electrolytes are believed to be the most promising candidates for building cost‐effective and high energy density ASSLSBs in the near future.
A Robust Route to Co2(OH)2CO3 Ultrathin Nanosheets with Superior Lithium Storage Capability Templated by Aspartic Acid‐Functionalized Graphene Oxide
Authors: Zhao Shiqiang , Wang Zewei , He Yanjie , Jiang Hongrui , Harn Yeu Wei , Liu Xueqin , Su Chenliang , Jin Huile , Li Ying , Wang Shun , Shen Qiang , Lin Zhiqun 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) nanomaterials are widely recognized as an important class of functional materials possessing superior electrochemical reaction kinetics. Herein, an L‐aspartic acid (AA)‐modified graphene oxide (GO) templating strategy is developed to in situ yield ultrathin (i.e., ≈5 nm) cobalt carbonate hydroxide (Co2(OH)2CO3) nanosheets as advanced anode materials of lithium ion batteries. Notably, the covalent tethering of AA on the GO surface renders a high density of carboxyl groups that impart effective loading of Co‐containing precursors and subsequent growth into Co2(OH)2CO3 nanosheets bridging adjacent GO layers. The lasagna‐like Co2(OH)2CO3‐GO nanocomposites exhibit an ultrahigh lithium storage capacity of 1770 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles at 100 mA g−1. It is noteworthy that the cycled Co2(OH)2CO3 phase separates into homogeneously dispersed Co(OH)2 and CoCO3 phases with two different charge plateaus at ≈1.2 and 2.0 V, respectively, which effectively inhibit large‐scale homophase coarsening of Co, Li2CO3, and LiOH. The much shortened Li+/e− transfer distance enabled by individual ultrathin Co2(OH)2CO3 nanosheet together with robust layer‐by‐layer assembled nanostructure of Co2(OH)2CO3‐GO confers the superior electrochemical reactivity and mechanical stability. As such, the amino acid‐modified GO templating strategy may represent a simple yet robust means of crafting a variety of 2D nanostructured composites of interest for energy storage applications.
Psychological well‐being in patients with aneurysms‐osteoarthritis syndrome
Authors: Bons Lidia R. , van den Hoven Allard T. , Damirchi Ayda E. , van der Linde Denise , Dekker Silvy , Kauling Robert M. , van de Laar Ingrid M. B. H. , Utens Elisabeth M. W. J. , Budde Ricardo P. J. , Roos‐Hesselink Jolien W. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAneurysms‐osteoarthritis syndrome (AOS) is characterized by arterial aneurysms and dissection in combination with early‐onset osteoarthritis, which can impact quality of life. We describe the subjective quality of life and investigate anxiety and depression in 28 AOS patients aged 15–73 years. Three questionnaires were used: 36‐Item Short Form Survey (SF‐36), hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) and Rotterdam disease specific questionnaire. Results of the SF‐36 and HADS were compared to a reference Dutch cohort and the SF‐36 questionnaire also to patients with Marfan syndrome. Compared to the general population, AOS patients scored significantly lower on the following SF‐36 domains: physical functioning, vitality, social functioning, bodily pain, and general health. Physical functioning was also lower than in Marfan patients. Patients with AOS scored higher on the HADS depression scale, while anxiety did not show a significant difference compared to the general population. No difference in SF‐36 and HADS domain scores were found between patient with and without orthopaedic symptoms and patients with or without previous aortic surgery. Additionally, we found that patients' worries for their future and heredity of their disease are important factors for anxiety, which should be addressed in clinical practice.
Spin‐Orbit Coupling in All‐Electron Mixed Basis Approach
Authors: Nakashima Takeru , Ohno Kaoru 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn the evaluation of the spin‐orbit coupling (SOC), the use of the L · S formula is invalid in the interatomic region where the effective potential is not spherically symmetric. This problem occurs in the LCAO, LMTO, and APW methods, while the plane‐wave pseudopotential and PAW methods cannot treat the spin‐orbit splitting (SOS) of core orbitals. To avoid these problems, the all‐electron mixed basis approach is adopted, which uses both plane waves (PWs) and atomic orbitals (AOs) as a basis set. The general form S · ∇V × p can be used for PWs, while the standard form L · S can be used for AOs, which are well localized inside the non‐overlapping atomic sphere in the spherical potential region and composed of the numerical radial function on a logarithmic radial mesh and analytic cubic harmonics. The explicit formula of the AO–AO, PW–AO, and PW–PW matrix elements of the SOC for spin‐polarized systems is presented. In particular, the AO–AO matrices are explicitly derived for p, d, and f orbitals. The method is applied to the SOS of core and valence levels in X‐ray photoelectron spectra. The results are in excellent agreement with the available experimental data, which suggests the validity of the present method.
A Synthetic Fluorescent Mitochondria‐Targeted Sensor for Ratiometric Imaging of Calcium in Live Cells
Authors: Pendin Diana , Norante Rosa , De Nadai Andrea , Gherardi Gaia , Vajente Nicola , Basso Emy , Kaludercic Nina , Mammucari Cristina , Paradisi Cristina , Pozzan Tullio , Mattarei Andrea 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCa2+ handling by mitochondria is crucial for cell life and the direct measure of mitochondrial Ca2+ concentration in living cells is of pivotal interest. Genetically‐encoded indicators greatly facilitated this task, however they require demanding delivery procedures. On the other hand, existing mitochondria‐targeted synthetic Ca2+ indicators are plagued by several drawbacks, for example, non‐specific localization, leakage, toxicity. Here we report the synthesis and characterization of a new fluorescent Ca2+ sensor, named mt‐fura‐2, obtained by coupling two triphenylphosphonium cations to the molecular backbone of the ratiometric Ca2+ indicator fura‐2. Mt‐fura‐2 binds Ca2+ with a dissociation constant of ≈1.5 μm in vitro. When loaded in different cell types as acetoxymethyl ester, the probe shows proper mitochondrial localization and accurately measures matrix [Ca2+] variations, proving its superiority over available dyes. We describe the synthesis, characterization and application of mt‐fura‐2 to cell types where the delivery of genetically‐encoded indicators is troublesome.
Copper‐Complex‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Aerobic Oxidative Cross‐Coupling of 2‐Naphthols: Enantioselective Synthesis of 3,3′‐Substituted C1‐Symmetric BINOLs
Authors: Tian Jin‐Miao , Wang Ai‐Fang , Yang Ju‐Song , Zhao Xiao‐Jing , Tu Yong‐Qiang , Zhang Shu‐Yu , Chen Zhi‐Min 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA novel chiral 1,5‐N,N‐bidentate ligand based on a spirocyclic pyrrolidine oxazoline backbone was designed and prepared, and it coordinates CuBr in situ to form an unprecedented catalyst that enables efficient oxidative cross‐coupling of 2‐naphthols. Air serves as an external oxidant and generates a series of C1‐symmetric chiral BINOL derivatives with high enantioselectivity (up to 99 % ee) and good yield (up to 87 %). This approach is tolerant of a broader substrates scope, particularly substrates bearing various 3‐ and 3′‐substituents. A preliminary investigation using one of the obtained C1‐symmetric BINOL products was used as an organocatalyst, exhibiting better enantioselectivity than the previously reported organocatalyst, for the asymmetric α‐alkylation of amino esters.
From Cubes to Dice: Solvent‐Regulated Morphology Engineering of Endohedral Fullerene Microcrystals with Anomalous Photoluminescence Enhancement
Authors: Wu Jianhua , Zhu Xianjun , Guan Yong , Wang Yujing , Jin Fei , Guan Runnan , Liu Fupin , Chen Muqing , Tian Yangchao , Yang Shangfeng 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDespite recent successes in preparing three‐dimensional crystals of empty fullerenes, such as C60 and C70, 3D endohedral fullerene crystals, and especially hollow nanostructures, have been scarcely reported. A universal approach has now been developed to prepare shape‐tunable 3D crystals of several metal nitride clusterfullerenes, including cubes and dice (hollow cubes with holes at the center of each face), which can be readily switched by changing the volume ratio of good (mesitylene) and poor (isopropanol) solvents. Synchrotron‐based soft X‐ray nano‐computed tomography was used to unambiguously identify the interior microstructure of the dice‐shaped crystals of Tb3N@C80, and especially the depth of the hole at each face, confirming that the dice has a solid center and the holes are not interconnected. Owing to the enhanced light absorption, the dice‐shaped crystals exhibit enhanced photoluminescence relative to that of the cubes.
Deracemizing α‐Branched Carboxylic Acids by Catalytic Asymmetric Protonation of Bis‐Silyl Ketene Acetals with Water or Methanol
Authors: Mandrelli Francesca , Blond Aurélie , James Thomas , Kim Hyejin , List Benjamin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe report a highly enantioselective catalytic protonation of bis‐silyl ketene acetals. Our method delivers α‐branched carboxylic acids, including nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory arylpropionic acids such as Ibuprofen, in high enantiomeric purity and high yields. The process can be incorporated in an overall deracemization of α‐branched carboxylic acids, involving a double deprotonation and silylation followed by the catalytic asymmetric protonation.
Polymers dynamics of the nonfluoro, nano‐brush repelling agent with self‐stratifying property in water‐based coatings
Authors: Tang Wei‐Cheng , Su Yi‐Che , Huang Yun‐Shan , Yu Ya‐Tin , Chen Hsin‐Lung , Chu I‐Ming 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTWhile perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), also known as C8s, are used extensively in textile repellent coatings, concerns have arisen for their carcinogenicity and hazardous effects on the environment. In this study, a novel water‐based, nonfluoro, and nanobrush textile repelling agent was prepared by conventional sol–gel chemistry using amorphous fumed silica and n‐octyltriethoxysilane as the starting materials. Minimal interaction between the designed repelling agent and marketed water‐based resins was confirmed using linear viscosity region (LVR) analysis and asymmetric‐flow field‐flow fractionation (AF4), suggesting the self‐stratification potential of the repelling agent. More specifically, the repelling agent exhibited excellent compatibility and self‐stratifying ability with a force‐emulsified acrylic‐based resin, affording a water contact angle of 104.3° when incorporated at 7% solid content. Performance tests carried out on thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) revealed excellent adhesion (100/100) of a final formulation, and a significant increase in water contact angle from 80.1° to 103.8° after treatment. In addition, the fouling area after the removal of a submerged sample from a mixture of slurry, polymer, and oil decreased from 48 to 1% when the repelling agent was added. Moreover, the sludge‐fouling property remained unchanged after 1000 cycles of abrasion. These findings demonstrate the potential of the described nonfluoro, nanobrush repelling agent as an environmentally safe alternative for use with commercial resins, in turn realizing a fully water‐based hydrophobic coating. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48003.
Production of reduced graphene oxide‐based electrically conductive hydrogel by using modified chitosan
Authors: Ulutürk Celil , Alemdar Neslihan 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTHerein, a new approach was applied to produce reduced graphene oxide (RGO)‐based conductive hydrogel by using modified chitosan (CTS) as a primary constituent. A variety amounts of RGO (from 0 to 15%) were incorporated into the polymeric network generated by photopolymerization of CTS‐graft‐glycidyl methacrylate (CTS‐g‐GMA) and poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylate (PEGDA). The structures of hydrogels were confirmed by FT‐IR, XRD, and SEM analyses. Water uptake capacity of hydrogels determined gravimetrically. L929 fibroblast cells were used for cytotoxicity test. According to conductivity measurements carried out by four‐point probe technique, the highest conductivity (1.716 × 10−3 S/cm) was obtained when 10% RGO was encapsulated into the polymeric structure. From the results, it could be envisaged that electroconductive hydrogel (ECH) fabricated in this study could have a potential usage for biosensor applications in the future projects. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48008.
Predicting Severe Infection and Effects of Hypogammaglobulinemia During Therapy With Rituximab in Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases
Authors: Md Yusof Md Yuzaiful , Vital Edward M. , McElvenny Damien M. , Hensor Elizabeth M. A. , Das Sudipto , Dass Shouvik , Rawstron Andy C. , Buch Maya H. , Emery Paul , Savic Sinisa 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate predictors of serious infection events (SIEs) during rituximab (RTX) therapy and effects of hypogammaglobulinemia on SIE rates, and humoral response and its persistence after discontinuation of RTX in the treatment of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs).MethodsA retrospective longitudinal study of 700 RMD patients treated with RTX in a single center was conducted. Immunoglobulin levels were measured at baseline and at 4–6 months after each treatment cycle. Baseline predictors of SIEs were assessed using multivariable logistic regression; for RTX cycles 2–4, a mixed‐effects logistic regression model was used.ResultsA total of 507 patients (72%) had rheumatoid arthritis, 94 (13%) had systemic lupus erythematosus, 49 (7%) had antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitis, and 50 (7%) had other RMDs. The number of SIEs recorded was 281 in 176 patients (9.8 per 100 person‐years). Predictors of SIEs included non–RTX‐specific comorbidities (previous history of SIE, cancer, chronic lung disease, diabetes mellitus, and heart failure), higher corticosteroid dose, and RTX‐specific factors, including low IgG (<6 gm/liter) both at baseline and during treatment, RTX‐associated neutropenia, higher IgM, and longer time to RTX re‐treatment, but not B cell count or depletion status. Of 110 patients with low IgG, SIE rates were higher in those with low IgG at baseline (16.4 per 100 person‐years) and in those who acquired low IgG during or after RTX treatment (21.3 per 100 person‐years) versus those with normal IgG (9.7 per 100 person‐years). Five of 8 patients (63%) had impaired humoral response to pneumococcus and hemophilus following vaccination challenge, and only 4 of 11 patients (36%) had IgG normalized after switching biologic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs.ConclusionImmunoglobulin levels should be monitored at baseline and before each RTX cycle to identify patients at risk of SIEs. Individualized risk–benefit assessment should be undertaken in those with lower IgG as this is a consistent SIE predictor and may increase infection profiles when RTX is switched to different therapies.
Regulation of Fatty Acid Oxidation by Twist 1 in the Metabolic Adaptation of T Helper Lymphocytes to Chronic Inflammation
Authors: Hradilkova Kristyna , Maschmeyer Patrick , Westendorf Kerstin , Schliemann Heidi , Husak Olena , von Stuckrad Anne Sae Lim , Kallinich Tilmann , Minden Kirsten , Durek Pawel , Grün Joachim R. , Chang Hyun‐Dong , Radbruch Andreas 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveInflamed tissue is characterized by low availability of oxygen and nutrients. Yet CD4+ T helper lymphocytes persist over time in such tissue and probably contribute to the chronicity of inflammation. This study was undertaken to analyze the metabolic adaptation of these cells to the inflamed environment.MethodsSynovial and blood CD4+ T cells isolated ex vivo from patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and murine CD4+ T cells were either stimulated once or stimulated repeatedly. Their dependency on particular metabolic pathways for survival was then analyzed using pharmacologic inhibitors. The role of the transcription factor Twist 1 was investigated by determining lactate production and oxygen consumption in Twist1‐sufficient and Twist1‐deficient murine T cells. The dependency of these murine cells on particular metabolic pathways was analyzed using pharmacologic inhibitors.ResultsProgrammed death 1 (PD‐1)+ T helper cells in synovial fluid samples from patients with JIA survived via fatty acid oxidation (mean ± SEM survival of 3.4 ± 2.85% in the presence of etomoxir versus 60 ± 7.08% in the absence of etomoxir on day 4 of culture) (P < 0.0002; n = 6) and expressed the E‐box–binding transcription factor TWIST1 (2–14‐fold increased expression) (P = 0.0156 versus PD‐1− T helper cells; n = 6). Repeatedly restimulated murine T helper cells, which expressed Twist1 as well, needed Twist1 to survive via fatty acid oxidation. In addition, Twist1 protected the cells against reactive oxygen species.ConclusionOur findings indicate that TWIST1 is a master regulator of metabolic adaptation of T helper cells to chronic inflammation and a target for their selective therapeutic elimination.
Stochastic sliding mode control of active vehicle suspension with mismatched uncertainty and multiplicative perturbations
Authors: Moghadam Alireza Ramezani , Kebriaei Hamed 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the stochastic sliding mode controller design for uncertain model of vehicle suspension. The Itô stochastic model of quarter‐car is considered applying both parametric stochastic perturbations and mismatched uncertainty of road disturbance. To tackle with uncertainties of model a non‐semi‐martingale stochastic sliding dynamic is obtained employing a proportional‐integral switching surface. By means of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) and stochastic extension of Lyapunov method, a sufficient condition is derived to guarantee the mean‐square stability of the stochastic dynamics in the specified switching surface for all admissible mismatched uncertainties. Furthermore, the synthesized sliding mode controller guarantees the reachability of the determined sliding surface. A simulation study is performed to evaluate the effectiveness of stochastic sliding mode control approach.
Blood oxytocin concentration positively predicts contagious yawning behavior in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Mariscal Michael G. , Oztan Ozge , Rose Sophie M. , Libove Robin A. , Jackson Lisa P. , Sumiyoshi Raena D. , Trujillo Tara H. , Carson Dean S. , Phillips Jennifer M. , Garner Joseph P. , Hardan Antonio Y. , Parker Karen J. 
Published: May 2019

Research suggests that children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may have reduced empathy, as measured by an impaired contagious yawn response, compared to typically developing (TD) children. Other research has failed to replicate this finding, instead attributing this phenomenon to group differences in attention paid to yawn stimuli. A third possibility is that only a subgroup of children with ASD exhibits the impaired contagious yawn response, and that it can be identified biologically. Here we quantified blood concentrations of the “social” neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) and evaluated yawning behavior and attention rates during a laboratory task in children with ASD (N = 34) and TD children (N = 30) aged 6–12 years. No group difference in contagious yawning behavior was found. However, a blood OXT concentration × group (ASD vs. TD) interaction positively predicted contagious yawning behavior (F1,50 = 7.4987; P = 0.0085). Specifically, blood OXT concentration was positively related to contagious yawning behavior in children with ASD, but not in TD children. This finding was not due to delayed perception of yawn stimuli and was observed whether attention paid to test stimuli and clinical symptom severity were included in the analysis or not. These findings suggest that only a biologically defined subset of children with ASD exhibits reduced empathy, as measured by the impaired contagious yawn response, and that prior conflicting reports of this behavioral phenomenon may be attributable, at least in part, to variable mean OXT concentrations across different ASD study cohorts. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1156–1161. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryPeople with autism may contagiously yawn (i.e., yawn in response to another's yawn) less often than people without autism. We find that people with autism who have lower levels of blood oxytocin (OXT), a hormone involved in social behavior and empathy, show decreased contagious yawning, but those who have higher blood OXT levels do not differ in contagious yawning from controls. This suggests that decreased contagious yawning may only occur in a biologically defined subset of people with autism.