bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influência do CO2 no Crescimento de Haematococcus Pluvialis e na Produção de Carotenoides
Authors: Reis Daiane Felix , Machado Junior Francisco Roberto da Silva , Ores Joana Da Costa , Lemes Ailton Cesar , Burkert Carlos Andre Veiga , Burkert Janaina Fernandes de Medeiros 
Published: March 2019

O crescimento celular da microalga de água doce Haematococcus pluvialis e a bioprodução de carotenoides são influenciados pelas diferentes condições de cultivo, como deficiência de nutrientes, iluminância, aeração, agitação, temperatura e pH, alterando sua morfologia celular e produzindo cistos avermelhados (carotenogênese). A aeração nos cultivos de microalgas está relacionada a alguns fatores que influenciam no crescimento celular. As microalgas absorvem e utilizam CO2 como a principal fonte de carbono no crescimento celular. Logo, a biossíntese de pigmentos pode ocorrer pela limitação do nitrogênio em presença de excesso de fontes de carbono. O objetivo desse trabalho foi investigar a influência do emprego de CO2 na aeração do cultivo da microalga Haematococcus pluvialis sob o crescimento celular e a bioprodução de carotenoides. No cultivo foi utilizado o meio mixotrófico BBM (Bold Basal Medium) e acetato de sódio, empregando 20% de inóculo em pH inicial de 7,0, aeração de 0,30 L.min-1, com 30% de injeção de CO2 uma vez ao dia durante 1 h, sob iluminância de 6 klux, à 25 ºC durante 22 dias. Nestas condições o crescimento celular alcançou o máximo de 1,13±0,39 g.L-1 (10 dias) e os carotenoides totais 2949,91±988,65 µg.g-1, onde foi observado que a suplementação de CO2 como fonte de carbono dissolvida no meio de cultivo pode influenciar o crescimento celular e os carotenoides totais. Palavras-chave: Microalga. Pigmento. Aeração. Cultivo. AbstractThe cellular growth of the freshwater microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis and the bioproduction of carotenoids are influenced by the different culture conditions, such as nutrient deficiency, illuminance, aeration, agitation, temperature and pH, altering its cellular morphology and producing reddish cysts (carotenogenesis). Aeration in microalgae cultures is related to some factors that influence cell growth. Microalgae absorb and utilize CO2 as the main source of carbon in cell growth. Therefore, the biosynthesis of pigments can occur by the limitation of nitrogen in the presence of excess carbon sources. The objective of this work was to investigate the influence of the use of CO2 on the aeration of the microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis under cell growth and bioproduction of carotenoids. In the culture, mixotrophic medium BBM (Bold Basal Medium) and sodium acetate were used, using 20% of inoculum at initial pH of 7.0, aeration of 0.30 L.min-1, with 30% of CO2 injection once a day for 1 h under 6 Klux illuminance at 25 ° C for 22 days. Under these conditions the cell growth reached a maximum of 1.13 ± 0.39 g. L-1 (10 days) and the total carotenoids 2949.91 ± 988.65 μg.g-1, where it was observed that CO2 supplementation as a source of carbon dissolved in the culture medium may influence cell growth and total carotenoids. Keywords: microalgae; pigment; aeration; cultivation.
Verificação de Boas Práticas de Fabricação e Utilização de Análise Sensorial em Indústria Processadora de Biscoitos
Authors: Lemes Ailton Cesar , Egea Mariana Buranelo , Takeuchi Katiuchia Pereira , Danesi Eliane Dalva Godoy 
Published: March 2019

O crescente aumento da oferta de produtos alimentícios tem levado a um nível de exigência cada vez maior. Assim, é cada vez mais urgente e necessário a implantação das Boas Práticas de Fabricação (BPF) nas indústrias alimentícias, procedimentos que tem como finalidade garantir a qualidade dos alimentos e, principalmente, a segurança alimentar dos produtos. Além disso, a utilização de ferramentas de análise sensorial é essencial para o desenvolvimento e reformulação de produtos, identificação das preferências dos consumidores e melhoria constante da qualidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar a verificação de conformidade das BPF e realizar análise sensorial de um biscoito tipo Wafer sabor Limão desenvolvido por uma indústria processadora de biscoitos do Noroeste do estado do Paraná. O diagnóstico da indústria foi realizado através da aplicação de uma lista de verificação (RDC) 275/2002 – ANVISA contendo aspectos relacionados às BPF. A análise sensorial foi realizada através de escala hedônica estruturada de 9 pontos e intenção de compra dos biscoitos tipo Wafer. Foi verificado que a empresa se enquadra no grupo 3, atendendo de 0-50% aos itens exigidos na lista de verificações das BPF. Em relação a análise sensorial, foi observado que não há grandes diferentes do produto avaliado em relação a marcas concorrente. Os resultados destacaram a necessidade de aperfeiçoamento e melhoramento das Boas Práticas de Fabricação durante todo o processo de elaboração dos produtos. Palavras-chave: Segurança Alimentar. Qualidade. Sensorial. AbstractThe increase in the supply of food products has led to an ever increasing level of demand. Thus, it is increasingly urgent implementation of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) procedures that aims to ensure food quality and especially the safety of food products. In addition, the use of sensory analysis is essential for the development and reformulation of products, identification of consumer preferences and constant quality improvement. The aim of this work was to verify the conformity of the GMP and to perform sensorial analysis of a wafer type biscuit developed by a biscuit processing industry in the Northwest of the state of Paraná. The industry diagnosis was performed through the application of a checklist (RDC) 275/2002 - ANVISA containing aspects related to GMP. The sensorial analysis was carried out through a structured hedonic scale of 9 points and the purchase intention. It was verified that the company falls in group 3, attending 0-50% to the items required in the list of GMP checks. In relation to the sensory analysis, it was observed that there were no large differences of the evaluated products in relation to the competitors. The results highlight the need to improve and improve Good Manufacturing Practices throughout the entire product development process. Keywords: Food Safety. Quality. Sensory.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Garcia Jesus Laborda 
Published: March 2019

Dear Readers,
It is a great honor for us to publish 9th volume, 1th issue of Global Journal of Foreign Language Teaching (GJFLT).
Global Journal of Foreign Language Teaching (GJFLT) welcomes original empirical investigations and comprehensive literature review articles focusing on foreign language teaching and topics related to linguistics. The journal is an international journal published quarterly and it is a platform for presenting and discussing the emerging developments in foreign language teaching in an international arena.
A total number of twenty (20) manuscripts were submitted for this issue and each paper has been subjected to double-blind peer review process by the reviewers specialized in the related field. At the end of the review process, a total number of six (6) high quality research papers were selected and accepted for publication.
We present many thanks to all the contributors who helped us to publish this issue.
Best regards,
The use of TS498 and TS-EN-1991-1-4 in the Wind Load Calculation of Reinforced Concrete Minarets Considering Soil-Structure Interaction
Authors: Türkeli Erdem 
Published: March 2019

The minarets
are among the most beautiful, meaningful and delicate works of Islamic
architecture. At early times, although these slender structures were built
short and with masonry stone, as time progressed, the construction of minarets
with reinforced concrete and that are thin-walled and long were preferred. This
has caused many reinforced concrete minarets to be damaged or destroyed under
wind and earthquake forces. With regard to this issue, because of the severe
winds, many minaret collapse incident took place in Turkey. Due to this reason,
in this study, the wind loads acting on a selected reinforced concrete minaret
have been calculated in details according to TS498 and TS-EN-1991-1-4
standards. In the calculations made, the effects of soil structure interaction
on the calculated wind loads were also examined. At the end of the study, the
wind loads obtained in the calculations were compared. The obtained results
show that soil structure interaction is a negative effect on wind loads, this
interaction increases them and that the soil structure interaction should be
included in wind load calculations.
A New Power Allocation Method with a Nonlinear Cost Constraint in Stratified Random Sampling
Authors: Şahin Tekin Sinem Tuğba , Metin Cenker Burak , Özdemir Yaprak Arzu 
Published: March 2019

When
the population is heterogeneous, stratified random sampling is generally
preferred for estimation the population parameters. There are a lot of sample
allocation methods in stratified random sampling. However, most of sample
allocation methods ignore the selection cost or assume the selection cost as equal
in all strata. Bankier also suggested a power allocation method without
considering the cost function [1]. However, in real life applications, it is
very rare to come across such cases. Therefore, it would be more realistic to
take the cost into account for allocation procedures. In this study, a new
power allocation method is proposed by taking into account a non-linear cost
function constraint in Bankier’s method. The Neyman allocation and square root
allocation results are also obtained by using this new allocation method. The
performance of the proposed method is examined for different model parameters and
their different cases using data from 2012 Structural Business Survey of TURKSTAT.
Mermer Ocaklarında Kullanılan Zincirli Kesme Makinelerinin Performansının Araştırılması
Authors: Çalışkan Muhammed Ali , Yavuz Hüseyin 
Published: March 2019

Bu
çalışmada, mermer ocaklarında blok üretimi amacıyla kullanılan zincirli kollu
kesme makinelerinin kesim performansları araştırılmıştır. Bu amaç
doğrultusunda, öncelikle dört farklı ocakta kullanılan kollu kesim
makinelerinin özellikleri, keskilerin tipi ve keski düzeni incelenmiştir. Her bir
ocakta kesimde zincir dönüş hızı ve makine yürüyüş hızı gibi parametreler
değiştirilerek birim zamanda kesilen yüzey alanları ölçülmüştür. Makinenin
kesim hızı, zincir hızı, keski seti uzunluğu ve kol kesme açısı gibi
parametrelere bağlı olarak keski seti kesme derinliği hesaplanmıştır. Kesim
parametrelerinin kesim performansına etkisini incelemek amacıyla, kesim
sonrasında çıkan pasadan toz numuneler alınarak elek analizleri yapılmış ve
pasa irilik indeksleri belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca çalışma yapılan doğaltaşların
laboratuarda bazı fiziko-mekanik özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın
sonucunda, 4 farklı ocakta kullanılan zincirli kesicilerin verimli çalışması
için optimum çalışma parametreleri önerilmiştir.
USING QUANTUM-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS FOR PREDICTING ANTI-RADICAL (НО∙) ACTIVITY OF RELATED STRUCTURES CONTAINING A CINNAMIC MOLD FRAGMENT. I. DERIVATIVES OF CINNAMIC ACID, CHALCON AND FLAVANON
Authors: Oganesyan E. T. , Shatokhin S. S. , Glushko A. A. 
Published: March 2019

45 compounds uniting 3 groups of derivatives of cinnamic acid, chalcone and flavanone, have been studied. Each of them includes 15 substances. The analyzed compounds contain a common structural fragment, which is a cinnamic acid residue (cinnamoyl fragment).The aimis to study the quantum-chemical parameters of the listed groups of the compounds in order to predict possible ways of their interaction with the most aggressive and dangerous of the active oxygen species (ROS) – a hydroxyl radical.Materials and methods.For the analyzed structures, the Mulliken charges (a.u.), bond numbers (Nμ), unsaturation index (IUA), and electron density values on all 9-carbon atoms of the cinnamoyl fragment have been determined. The calculations have been carried out on a workstation with an Intel Xeon E5-1620 3.5 GHz processor, 20 GB of RAM. The semi-empirical method PM7 was used (WinMopac 2016 program). The ORCA 4.1 program was used to calculate the energies of homolytic cleavage of the O – H bond.Results.The analysis of Mulliken charges (a.u.), bonded numbers (Nμ), unsaturation indices (IUA), and electron density revealed a number of regularities on the basis of which it can be concluded, that taking into account the nature of the substituent, the most probable for addition in the aryl residueare positions C-1, C-2, C-3, C-4 and C-5. In the propenone fragment, the radical НО∙ first attacks position 8, then 7. For the hydroxy-substituted, the energy of the homolytic breaking of the H – O bond has been determined and it has been established that the spatial difficulty of phenols (compounds 13k, 13x, 13f, 14k, 14x, 14f) H-O bonds are the smallest and on average are -160.63 kJ/mol. It has also been established that the higher the positive Mulliken charge on the carbon atom with which the phenolic hydroxyl is bound, the lower the energy of the homolytic breaking of the H – O bond and the more stable the resulting phenoxy radicalis.Conclusion.The carried out quantum chemical calculations allow us to conclude that the studied classes of compounds can be used to bind the hydroxyl radical formed in the body, causing various kinds of mutations, leading, among other things, to the development of oncological diseases.
TENAGA KERJA SEKTOR FORMAL DAN INFORMAL DI KABUPATEN BANGKALAN
Authors: Chrismardani Yustina - , Satriawan Bondan 
Published: March 2019

<p>One of the interesting things studied from Kabupaten Bangkalan is the aspect of employment, especially based on formal and informal sector. Based on the formal sector workers who belong to the category of workers / workers and tried to be assisted by permanent workers / workers paid up to 76 percent, and informal workers are who try their own, trying to be assisted by temporary workers, free workers in agriculture, free workers in non-paid to reach 24 percent. Other important findings indicate that there is no significant difference in the total income of workers in the formal and formal sectors, which is an average of Rp 76,184, and it turns out that Bangkalan regency has not been the target of workers migration from the surrounding area.</p><p> </p>
Regional Tax Externality and Competition: Empirical Study in Early Decentralization Era of East Java Province
Authors: Afin Rifa'i 
Published: March 2019

<p>This paper concerned with the empirical study about tax competition among regions which in a theoretical point of view, tax competition is seen as an economic policy strategy to attract mobile tax bases and firms in order to boost economic development in terms of employment and output growth within the political jurisdiction implementing it. Using a panel of more 400 observed district and municipal inEast Java. It provides empirical evidence on how the local tax as well as the retribution in the neighborhood affect the local tax. The results support the existence of fiscal externalities: an increase in the tax and retribution of local neighbors exerts a positive effect on the local tax which is shown by spatial weighting variable both tax and retribution. Several factors that are hypothesized affect local tax also significant to determine local tax, these factors such as original regional income, and regional domestic product as a proxy of income.</p><p> </p>
Nitritation of real sewage: start-up and maintenance by the side-stream heat-shock treatment
Authors: Chen Jianfei , Zhang Shujun , Han Xiaoyu , Zhang Liang , Peng Yongzhen 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In this study, the side-stream heat-shock treatment was used to start up and maintain the nitritation of real sewage. Complete nitrification was obtained when the real sewage was treated in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). Then, about 50% of the mixed sludge was collected from the SBR and treated with the heat-shock treatment at 60 °C for 40 min in another reactor every 2 weeks. After providing the heat-shock treatment for four times, the effluent nitrate in the SBR gradually decreased from 22.5 to 3.2 mg/L, while the nitrite accumulation rate increased from 4.4% to 81.8%, indicating a successful start-up of nitritation. Further, the sewage nitritation was stable with the regular side-steam heat-shock treatment for 91 days, and the ammonium removal efficiency of 80.6% and nitrite accumulation rate of 91.2% were achieved. This study suggests that the side-stream heat-shock treatment could be used to start up sewage nitritation and maintain stability for a long-term operation.
Identification of Hydroxamic Acid Based Selective HDAC1 Inhibitors: Computer Aided Drug Design Studies
Authors: Patel Preeti , Patel Vijay K. , Singh Avineesh , Jawaid Talha , Kamal Mehnaz , Rajak Harish 
Published: March 2019

Background:
Overexpression of Histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) is responsible for carcinogenesis
by promoting epigenetic silence of tumour suppressor genes. Thus, HDAC1 inhibitors have
emerged as the potential therapeutic leads against multiple human cancers, as they can block the activity
of particular HDACs, renovate the expression of several tumour suppressor genes and bring about
cell differentiation, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.

Methods:
The present research work comprises atom-based 3D-QSAR, docking, molecular dynamic
simulations and DFT (density functional theory) studies on a diverse series of hydroxamic acid derivatives
as selective HDAC1 inhibitors. Two pharmacophoric models were generated and validated by
calculating the enrichment factors with the help of the decoy set. The Four different 3D-QSAR models
i.e., PLS (partial least square) model, MLR (multiple linear regression) model, Field-based model and
GFA (Genetic function approximation) model were developed using ‘PHASE’ v3.4 (Schrödinger) and
Discovery Studio (DS) 4.1 software and validated using different statistical parameters like internal
and external validation.

Results and Discussion:
The results showed that the best PLS model has R2=0.991 and Q2=0.787, the
best MLR model has R2= 0.993 and Q2= 0.893, the best Field-based model has R2= 0.974 and Q2=
0.782 and the best GFA model has R2= 0.868 and Q2= 0.782. Cross-validated coefficients, (rcv
2) of 0.967, 0.926, 0.966 and 0.829 was found for PLS model, MLR, Field based and GFA model, respectively,
indicated the satisfactory correlativity and prediction. The docking studies were accomplished
to find out the conformations of the molecules and their essential binding interactions with the target
protein. The trustworthiness of the docking results was further confirmed by molecular dynamics (MD)
simulations studies. Density Functional Theory (DFT) study was performed which promptly optimizes
the geometry, stability and reactivity of the molecule during receptor-ligand interaction.

Conclusion:
Thus, the present research work provides spatial fingerprints which would be beneficial
for the development of potent HDAC1 inhibitors.
Stereospecific Determination of Sertraline and its Impurities in Bulk Drug Using Cyclodextrins as a Chiral Selector
Authors: Sandhu Navjot Kaur , Angehore Durga Das , Upmanyu Neeraj , Porwal Pawan K. 
Published: March 2019

Background:
Sertraline Hydrochloride, an oral anti-depressant, has two chiral centers and its
cis enantiomers and trans diasteromers are defined as related substances by United State Pharmacopoeia
and British Pharmacopoeia.

Introduction:
A selective, stereospecific and economical high performance liquid chromatographic
(HPLC) method was developed for the determination of sertraline enantiomeric forms. The HPLC-UV
method was developed and optimized in the terms of system suitability parameters.

Methods:
The elution was made using a mixture of -cyclodextrin (-CD) and hydroxypropyl -
cyclodextrin (HP -CD). Analysis was performed on a Zorbax SB C-18 column (250 x 4.6mm), 5μ with
the mobile phase consisting of 170mM KH2PO4 containing -CD and HP -CD (pH: 3.0 with dil. H3PO4)
and acetonitrile (75:25, v/v). Flow rate was kept at 1.0mL/min and the detection was carried out by UV
at 220nm. Enantio-separation for sertraline was carried out using two different CDs (β-CD and HP β-
CD) at different concentrations in the mobile phase.

Results:
Complete resolution of all the four isomers was achieved using 9mM β-CD and 15mM HP β-
CD in the mobile phase. The development was optimized using central composite quadric model, where
concentration of -CD and HP -CD were varied and resolution between trans diastereomeric impurities
was calculated as a response.

Conclusion:
Resolution between any pair of isomers was found to be more than 2. Method development
and optimization leading to the best resolution between the isomers of sertraline is described in detail.
Kualitas hidup ditinjau dari harapan pada pasien wanita penderita kanker
Authors: Junovandy David , Elvinawanty Rianda , Marpaung Winida 
Published: March 2019

Abstrak. Jumlah pasien kanker di Indonesia selalu meningkat setiap tahunnya. Pada pasien kanker sering ditemukan permasalahan fisik, psikologis, relasi sosial, dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara harapan dengan kualitas hidup pada pasien wanita penderita kanker. Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah terdapat hubungan positif antara harapan dengan kualitas hidup. Subjek penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien wanita penderita kanker di Murni Teguh Memorial Hospital sebanyak 136 orang yang dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Pearson Product Moment Correlation dengan bantuan program SPSS 19.00 for Windows. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0.712 (p<0.001). Hasil ini menunjukkan terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara harapan dengan kualitas hidup. Temuan ini dapat digunakan oleh pasien kanker sebagai dasar peningkatan kualitas hidup dimana pasien kanker perlu menumbuhkan harapan. Pasien kanker yang memiliki aspek psikologis positif seperti harapan dapat menangguhkan pasien dalam memandang kehidupannya.Kata kunci: harapan, kualitas hidup, pasien kanker, wanita Abstract. The case of cancer patients in Indonesia increases in every year. Patients often found physical, psychological, social relationship, and environmental problems. This study aims to find relationship between hope and quality of life. The hypothesis proposed is that there is a positive relationship between hope and quality of life. The subjects of this study were women patients who suffering cancer in Murni Teguh Memorial Hospital consisting of 136 patients selected by using purposive sampling method. The data analysis technique used in this study is the Pearson Product Moment Correlation through the help of SPSS 19.00 for Windows. The results of data analysis showed a correlation coefficient of 0.712 (p<0.001). It showed that there is a positive relationship between hope and quality of life. These findings can be used by cancer patients as a basis for improving the quality of life, cancer patients need to increase hope. Patients who have positive psychological aspects such as the hope could make patients have a good perspective at their lives.Keywords: hope, quality of life, cancer patient, women