bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinetics study of biologically remediated crude oil polluted soil using a bacteria and fungi
Authors: Ojewumi M. E. , Anenih V.E. , Alagbe E.E. , Oyeniyi E.A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The effectiveness of remediating soils polluted with crude and treated hydrocarbon oil using a fungi - Aspergillus niger, bacteria - Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the combination of the two were investigated and the first order kinetics were studied. Eight systems of 500g soil sample were polluted with both raw and treated crude oil. Four systems were polluted with 100 ml treated crude oil while other remaining systems with same quantity of raw crude oil. Two systems with raw and treated crude oil were left as control (RCC and TCC). Samples of soil polluted with raw crude oil were amended with A. niger (RCA) and P. aeruginosa (RCP) respectively, while treated crude samples were also treated with same (TCA) and (TCP) only. The last two systems were treated with both P. aeruginosa and A. niger (RCAP and TCAP). First order bioremediation kinetics and biostimulant efficiency for these systems were studied by monitoring Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH). The result obtained at the end of the bioremediation period, revealed that treated crude oil polluted soil remediate faster and better than raw crude oil polluted soil. The highest level of bioremediation occurred in systems amended with both A. niger and P. aeruginosa which had about 98 % TPH decrease.
Assessment of the role of Lean Construction Practices in Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Babalola O. , Ibem Eziyi O. , Ezema Isidore C. , Olanipekun A. O. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The Construction Industry of which the building industry is a subsidiary has been identified as an industry that can help in the achievement of environmental sustainability. Literature has established practices such as Virtual Design and Construction (VDC), Prefabrication and Modularization and Just-in-Time (JIT) and others as environmental sustainable LCPs. Therefore, this paper investigated the adoption of these practices and areas LCPs adoption can help contribute to environmental sustainability in the Nigerian Building Industry. In order to achieve the aim of the study, a questionnaire survey was conducted in Abuja, Lagos, Port-Harcourt, Enugu and Kaduna covering five out of the six geo-political zones of Nigeria. The sample frame for the study consisted of architectural, building consulting and contracting and quantity survey firms in the selected cities. Totally, 446 valid responses were collected and analyzed descriptively using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The results from the study revealed that firms in the Nigerian building industry have adopted all the 32 investigated LCPs. Specifically, it was found that VDC was the most adopted of all the 32 LCPs investigated in the Nigerian building industry. In addition, the result reveals that respondents are of the opinion that adoption of LCPs in building can help in the achievement of a sustainable environment through massive reduction of construction wastes that are injurious to the ecosystem.
Lean construction: an approach to achieving sustainable built environment in Nigeria
Authors: Babalola O , Ibem E O , Ezema I C 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The Nigerian building industry (NIB) is faced with numerous challenges. Chief among these is how best to manage the different kinds of wastes generated during the building procurement process and by so doing improve the sustainability record of the industry. Cost overrun, time overrun, and waste of building materials are the major problems crippling the industry. However, lean approach has been established in western world such as the USA, UK and others as an approach that helps in attaining sustainability in the building projects. This paper presents result of a study conducted to identify benefits derivable from the adoption of lean practices (LPs) by firms in the NIB. The approach adopted for this study was the review of literature to identify the benefits of Lean Practices (LPs) adoption and a questionnaire survey of architecture, building consulting and contracting and quantity surveying firms in Abuja, Lagos, Port-Harcourt, Enugu and Kaduna. In all, 446 valid responses were obtained and the data analyzed using descriptive statistics. The result revealed that stakeholders in the Nigerian building industry perceived LPs adoption as very helpful in the reduction of time and cost overrun on projects. Thus, the study has established that the adoption of LPs is one of the ways stakeholders in the industry are using to achieve economic sustainability in the procurement of building projects and ensuring that clients and end-users get value for money in such projects.
3D House Printing: A sustainable housing solution for Nigeria’s housing needs
Authors: Afolabi AO , Ojelabi RA , Omuh IO , Tunji-Olayeni PF 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In a country that has between 17 to 20 million housing deficit with an uncontrolled growing population, there is need for innovative and sustainable solutions to reduce the rate of homelessness and sub-standard living conditions. The study presented the prospects in the use of three-dimensional printing (3DP) as a sustainable housing solution to cater for the housing needs of Nigerians. Nigeria is at the centre of this study due to its population and housing challenges. The study utilized content analysis based on previous studies on 3DP in developed and developing countries. The study identified critical areas that 3DP of houses can solve Nigeria‘s housing needs which are mainly in reducing housing deficit, provide permanent housing solution for IDPs, reduction of construction waste, increased construction safety, achievement of sustainability goals, reduction in construction errors and labour cost.
Gas Chromatographic Study of Bio-active Compounds in Methanolic Extract of Leaf of Crateva adansonii DC
Authors: Ajanaku Christiana O. , Echeme Johnbull O. , Mordi Raphael C. , Olugbuyiro Joseph O. , Osamudiamen Paul M. , Jolayemi Emmanuel G. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This study investigates the volatile bioactive components in Crateva adansonii plant that has been applied in the treatment of diverse ailments in the Western part of Nigeria and in Africa. The methanolic leaf extract of Crateva adansonii was subjected to analysis using gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric technique. The mass spectra of the compounds were analysed and identity of the compounds confirmed using the data base of the National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST) library. The compounds identified includesn-Hexadecanoic acid; 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z); 9-Octadecenoic acid; (Z,E)-2,13-Octadecadien-1-ol; 9,17-Octadecadienal; cis-9-Hexadecenal; cis-Vaccenic acid; Z,Z-10,12-Hexadecadienal; 13-Octadecenal; Hexadecanoic acid 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester; E-11-Hexadecenal. Most of the compounds identified have antibacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypocholesterolemic properties, which affirms the therapeutic applications of Crateva adansonii as a medicinal plant.
Carbon (CO2)Footprint Determination: An Empirical Study of Families in Port Harcourt
Authors: Gershon O , Patricia O 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Dark soot has become a normal phenomenon in the main oil-producing city in Nigeria’s Niger Delta region called Port Harcourt – as also reported in some Chinese cities in the recent past. While many acknowledge that the emissions are hazardous to health and environment,a universal determination and analysis method for the extent of the effect of soot is yet to be agreed. Against this background, this paper determines and analyzes the carbon footprint of an average family in Port Harcourt based on energy consumption and other sources of greenhouse gases. Using theinput-output approach and questionnaire, primary data werecollected on driving habits, energy generation, number of persons in the household, type of cooking device, travel mode and patterns, as well as fuel usage. The sampling instrument was administered to a random selection of 261 households within Port Harcourt that were identified and enrolled (through respective engagements) for the data gathering exercise. The sample population included family sizes that ranged from 1 to 12, in addition to a wide demographic mix. Data obtained from 61% of those contacted was used to determine associated CO2 emissions resulting from their family’s activities. From cooking, electricity consumption, driving and air-travel, it was evidenced, based on the estimates, that the average family in Port Harcourt emits about 5.21tons of CO2e. Furthermore, it is revealed that by each person/family making minor changes to their daily routines, the cumulative effect of individual small savings will make significant impact in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and thereby climate change. Simple steps and policy actions are recommended for families to reduce their footprint.
Innovative methods of cooling solar panel: A concise review
Authors: Olawole O C , Joel E S , Olawole O F , Ikono U I , Moses C , Oyedepo S O , De D K , Nguyen H M , Omeje M , Akinpelu A , Fobagboye L , Ajayi A A , Arijaje E T , Obafemi LN , Oladapo O F , Ayanbisi O W 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This article surveys the various mechanisms of suppressing the killing heat in the electrical performance when a high solar irradiance strikes the surface of the solar panel. In addressing this killing heat, suitable technologies of cooling (active and passive) must be adopted to checkmate the abrupt temperature increase in the solar panel. The theoretical and experimental results of previous studies were critically reviewed. The study suggests that the efficiency of solar panel can be improved beyond 45 % provided a suitable cooling technology can be adopted during the design and installation.
Optimum Angle of Inclination for a Fixed Stand-Alone Photovoltaic: A Review
Authors: Ayara W. A , Akinboro F.G , Usikalu M. R , Oyeyemi K. D , Orovwode H. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The optimum angle of tilt for PV system is very important for best performance in the generation of power and other related use of photovoltaic. This work, reviews the best angle of inclination for a stand-alone photovoltaic panel. The consideration of various studies has been looked at in line with some models. It was observed that the yearly fixed angle of tilt is close to or same as the latitude for a given location, although this may not be appropriate for use in other locations. The annual optimal angle of tilt of some locations were closely related in value i.e. 20.50°, 20.50°, 21.50°, 20.20°, 21.30° and 22.40°. The best electrical performance for the PV system was observed to be above 1598kWh/m2 at20° inclination facing south. Hencethe value of the optimum angle of tilt for best electrical performance of an array of stand-alone PV system could vary between 0° and 90° depending on the location latitude.
Restoration of power supply to post-conflict communities in Northern Nigeria: Implication for sustainable Reintegration of Returning Migrants
Authors: Adekola Paul O , Azuh D. E , Amoo E. O 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
North-East Nigeria is currently emerging from brutal insurgent attacks that lasted for almost a decade since 2009 and has thereby plunged the region deeper into poverty and economic chaos, making it the poorest region in Nigeria. As thousands of displaced people prepare to move back to their rural communities, a large proportion of the predominantly farm-based rural populations are going to grow food crops and live in built-houses for the first time in a decade. The questions that come to mind, among several others are; what is the situation of the villages especially in the area of social infrastructures, particularly electricity? Can restoration of power and building of skill acquisition centre guarantee their sustainable reintegration? Drawing upon several past studies undertaken in post-conflict communities in many other countries, this paper provides empirically-based responses to these questions. Responses from returning migrants which serve as results of the findings in this study show that sustainable reintegration and meaningful rural development cannot be achieved unless power (electricity) is restored to the post-conflict communities where the forced migrants are set to return. This is because it will serve as a catalyst to social and economic development in the post-conflict agrarian communities.
Exergy analysis of Naphtha Hydrotreating Unit (NHU)
Authors: Agbo A. F , Aboje A. A , Obayomi K. S 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The aim of this research work is to develop an exergy analysis of Naphtha Hydrotreating Unit of the Kaduna Refinery and Petrochemical Company (KRPC). This was achieved through extraction of data from the Laboratory operating manual and the process flow diagram of the naphtha hydrotreating unit of the refinery which is used in the simulation; the site of primary exergy destruction was also determined. The major components of exergy efficiencies of the major component were determine. Also the potential for process improvement through revamp was determined. Exergy analysis of Naphtha Hydrotreating Unit (NHU) of the Kaduna Refining and Petrochemical Company was successfully simulated using Aspen HYSYS. Exergy efficiencies were found to be very low in Heaters 11H01 and 11H02 at 23.9% and 50.0% respectively. Similarly low efficiencies were respectively observed in Columns 11C02 and 11C01 at 48.7% and 52.8%. The major contributors to exergy destructions were found to be Column 11C01 and Heater 11H01 with percentage contribution of 21.6% and 14.6% respectively, totaling 36.2% of the total irreversibility recorded in the NHU process. Heat recovery from flue gas in the furnace and boilers was considered and found to be economically viable with a payback period of less than one year.
Utilization of renewable energy for improved power generation in Nigeria
Authors: Christopher Esan Oladapo , Anthony Edward J , Samuel Obaseki Oluwatosin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The current condition of electrical power supply in Nigeria poses serious risks to the wellbeing of its citizenry, economic progress and overall growth of the nation. The low-level diversification of electricity production in the country has led to the necessity of deploying sustainable energy resources, particularly renewables into its generation mix so as to meet Nigeria’s ever-increasing power demand. The most significant renewable sources in the country - hydro, wind, biomass and solar, all have high potential for power generation in Nigeria. This study highlights the present state of electrical powerin Nigeria and suggests strategies to improve the situation, mainly by harnessing renewable energy resources within the country and then integrating their power output into the nation’s electricity grid.
Investigating the Influence of Selective Co-sensitization of Two N719 Dyes on the Micro-Energy Generation from Dye-sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Abodunrin T.J , Boyo A.O , Usikalu M.R , Emetere M.E 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAll of life’s processes require energy for their successful implementation. However, the amount of energy required for different process has varying indices. Thus, there is a keen focus on the study of energy generation from eco-friendly resources as represented in this study. Several outstanding attributes of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) make them notable alternatives for inquiry from the wide repertoire of renewable energy resources. Foremost amongst these properties is ready availability, low cost, ease of fabrication, tunable optical properties, ability to operate under conditions of diffuse lighting and withstand extreme temperatures. Preliminary phytochemical investigation ofB.spectabilisandL.arboreusleaves showed the presence of numerous metabolites available for charge transport. More intricate spectroscopic study of their microstructure with SEM revealed factors that contributed to the electrodynamics and output performance of the DSCs. FTIR spectroscopy identified active chromophores responsible for the characteristic redox of each DSC. Finally, the photovoltaic characterization of each DSC was compared with the co-sensitized DSC of the two dyes. The result is a geometric multiplication of their individual output. The short circuit current (Isc) values of the co-sensitized DSC was 94.7 % and 97.2 % less than the initial recorded respectively forB.spectabilisandL.arboreusDSCs. Maximum power output from the Co-sensitized DSC was over 500 times that from the individual DSCs. The significance of this result is that co-sensitization ofL.arboreusandB.spectabilisimproved favourable interstitial boundary spaces which facilitated excellent interboundary relationship. Although this efficiency output is a miniscule compared with present efficiency output of monocrystalline silicon solar cells, the microstructural analysis in this work provides impetus for more research especially, in more co-sensitization of with other dyes, modelling. It is also recommended that, electron lifetime vital factor of consideration in future selection of dyes for co-sensitization.
Short review on air pollution from cement factories
Authors: Emetere M.E. , Dania E 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the challenge in the pollution in cement factories. The health implication is huge leading to unimaginable sickness. The review considers the impact of the pollution. Also, the paper considers legal framework to control the excess dispersion of cement pollutants into the factory. It is concluded that the risk of indiscriminate dissemination of cement factory pollution can be reduce if health institutions and government can synergize with stringent legal framework.
Numerical analysis of textile industrial pollution: Case study of initial pollution dispersion into immediate environment
Authors: Emetere M.E. , Gbenro T.T. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Pollution from textile industry is huge because the pollutants are chemical that are dangerous both in liquid and gaseous form. The dispersion of the pollutants was evaluated using mathematical models. It was observed that the dispersion modes of pollutants are both stable and turbulent. Hence, when textile pollution is not controlled, it has huge potential to claim life forms. It is recommended that the dumping and improper disposal of textile waste should be avoided. Also, there is an option of recycled or made from recyclable and biodegradable products.
Current Trends in Workflow Mining
Authors: Ajayi L K , Azeta A A , Owolabi I T , Damilola O O , Chidozie F , Azeta A E , Amosu O 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Current workflow management systems need a deep insight into the design of organization’s business process. Creating a business workflow design is sometimes complicated, inaccurate, time-consuming and non-error free. This business process design requires adequate tools and techniques needed to help organizations or companies achieve their desirable target. To aid the support of workflow, scholars have proposed the use of workflow mining which helps organizations have a deep insight into their business processes. This study gives an in-depth analysis on the current trend of workflow mining and also discusses their strengths and limitations/weaknesses. Most existing approaches produces models that are generalized, incomplete, not well represented and shows only fuzzy pictures of the workflow investigated. The challenging issues that arise as a result of inaccurately applying the right algorithm to construct a work model from workflow logs are also highlighted. There is need to make appropriate selection for a good mining algorithm to avoid any setback and understanding the organization business workflow processes for business design, modeling, resource strategy and planning control. It is essential to have a comprehensive characterization study of workflow mining algorithms. The resulting insights provides a foundation for such workflow mining algorithms necessary for improving business processes schemes as well as for the effectiveness of future services and application
A Naive Bayes approach to fraud prediction in loan default
Authors: Eweoya I O , Adebiyi A A , Azeta A A , Chidozie F , Agono F O , Guembe B 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The essence of granting loans to individuals and corporate beneficiaries is to boost the economy while the lenders make profit from the interest that accrues to the lending. However, due to non-compliance to basic rules, fraud is prevalent in credit administration and traditional methods of detecting fraud have failed. Furthermore, they are time-consuming and less accurate. This work uses a supervised machine learning approach, specifically the Naïve Bayes to predict fraudulent practices in loan administration based on training and testing of labeled dataset. Previous works either predict credit worthiness or detect loan fraud but not predicting fraud in credit default. The approach employed in this work yielded 78 % accuracy.
Fraud prediction in loan default using support vector machine
Authors: Eweoya I O , Adebiyi A A , Azeta A A , Amosu Olufunmilola 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The concept of taking loan has been in existence since inception of the human race but it is now taking diverse dimensions. This spans through personal exchange of loans for repayment based on personal track records, enjoying loans as proceeds of daily contribution without collaterals, except for the banking sector that requests collaterals for official loans. The uniform occurrence of being unable to pay the debts and resulting in a default is evident to the level of bank closures and nations’ bankruptcy is experienced across board. With a large volume and variety of data, credit history judgment by man is inefficient; case-based, analogy-based reasoning and statistical approaches have been employed but the 21st century fraudulent attempts cannot be discovered by these approaches, hence; the machine learning approach using the support vector machine. This work employs a supervised learning approach based on machine learning to predict the possibility of a fraud in a loan application through hidden trends in data instead of giving loans which ordinarily should not be approved; past occurrences discovered through machine learning reveals risky loans and a possible fraud by humans in approvals that can result in a default. Machine learning approaches are able to detect fraudulent financial statements to avert business comatose.
A simple technique to evaluate aerosols loading in the atmosphere of Lome-Togo
Authors: Emetere M.E. , Ijeh B.I. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The reality of aerosol loading is synonymous to climate change. According to National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) imagery, aerosol deposition over West is very high compared to other parts of the world. The danger of aerosol loading is grave when in excess and little effort is made by government in the West Africa region to embark on ground measurement of aerosol optical depth (AOD). In this paper, the satellite measurement (Multi-angle Imaging Spectro-Radiometer) was used to obtain the aerosol optical over the research area. The computational analysis was carried out using the MATLAB software. The percentage of increase of aerosols loading was high in 2001, 2005 and 2011 that was 5.7%, 24.5%, 8% and 11.1%. Cumulatively increase of aerosol loading within 15 years was 11.7%. It is therefore recommended that government in the region should be more committed to ground measurement of AOD to ascertain the state of air pollution in the lower troposphere.