bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Second primary malignancy in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Guoqing , Wu Bin , Wang Xiaofei , Li Jindong 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
There have been no studies on implementing effective screening models for esophageal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma survivors. We used a proportional subdistribution hazards model to estimate second primary malignancy risks among patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. We validated models using a bootstrap cross-validation method and performed decision curve analysis to evaluate their clinical utility. Age group and SEER historic stage were significantly associated with second primary malignancy risk after diagnosis of esophageal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Saving positive lymph nodes and distant metastasis were significant factors in the adenocarcinoma group, and marital status, tumor location, and chemotherapy were significant factors in the squamous cell carcinoma group. Calibration plots show good concordance between predicted and actual outcomes except in high-probability areas for the risk of a second primary malignancy in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Discrimination performances of the Fine–Gray models were evaluated using c-indices, which were 0.691 and 0.662 for second primary malignancies in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, respectively. Decision curve analysis yielded a range of threshold probabilities (0.020–0.177 and 0.021–0.133 for patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, respectively) at which the clinical net benefit of the risk model was larger than those of hypothetical all-screening and no-screening scenarios. Our nomograms enable selection of patient populations at high risk for a second primary malignancy and thus will facilitate the design of prevention trials for affected populations.
Accuracy of liver stiffness-based model by different imaging modalities in compensated advanced chronic liver disease
Authors: Liu Changchun , Ji Dong , Huang Fangze , Huang Yifei , Du Xiaoxue , Liu Chuan , Mao Xiaorong , Zhang Qingge , Fang Chihua , Ju Shenghong , An Weimin , Chen Guofeng , Qi Xiaolong 
Published: September 2019

Objectives
A liver stiffness × spleen size/platelet count score (LSPS) model which can rule out high-risk varices and identify high likelihood of clinically significant portal hypertension in patients with compensated cirrhosis has been endorsed by American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases in the 2016 practice guidance on portal hypertension bleeding. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of LSPS model assessed by ultrasound in well characterized patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease.

Methods
Eligible patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease were retrospectively enrolled between January 2017 and March 2018, who had undergone routine clinical and laboratory tests, liver stiffness measurement, ultrasound examination, and computed tomography scanning. Spleen sizes were evaluated by ultrasound and computed tomography reconstructed model, respectively. The correlation and agreement of spleen size and LSPS derived from ultrasound and computed tomography imaging modality were compared.

Results
A total of 158 patients were included and analyzed. Spleen size showed a moderate correlation (R = 0.649, P < 0.001) according to ultrasound and computed tomography imaging. Also, the correlation between the two LSPS models based on ultrasound and computed tomography was excellent (R = 0.985, P < 0.001). The Bland–Altman plots demonstrated a superior agreement of LSPS model values evaluated by ultrasound and computed tomography, respectively.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated the accuracy of LSPS model based on ultrasound in a well characterized cohort of fully compensated patients with advanced chronic liver disease.
Patients with suboptimal hepatitis B virus diagnostic characterization are at risk of liver fibrosis progression
Authors: Morales-Arraez Dalia , Diaz-Flores Felicitas , Alonso Ana , de Vera Antonia , Jimenez Alejandro , Garcia Dopico Jose A. , Quintero Enrique , Hernández-Guerra Manuel 
Published: September 2019

Background
Many patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection remain infradiagnosed and untreated. In a national health system with unrestricted access to treatment, our aims were to assess the level of compliance with clinical guidelines and the characteristics and risk of fibrosis progression in patients with suboptimal diagnosis.

Methods
In a cohort of patients with positive hepatitis B surface antigen from January 2011 to December 2013, data were registered to assess characteristics and compliance with guidelines. For assessing the risk of liver fibrosis, positive hepatitis B surface antigen patients from January 2008 to December 2013 were grouped depending on DNA request. Liver fibrosis was estimated by serological scores.

Results
Of 41 158 subjects with hepatitis B surface antigen request, 351 (0.9%) tested positive, and DNA was not available from 110 patients (66.4% male, mean 42.4 ± 14.5 years) after a median of 25.6 months (range 12.0–43.5). Most of these patients (76%) were assessed by primary care. Half of the patients (47.2%) showed hypertransaminasemia, at least significant fibrosis, or both conditions. After long follow-up (mean 90.1 ± 45.2 months), these patients had a higher risk of achieving at least significant fibrosis during follow-up (log-rank 8.73; P = 0.003).

Conclusion
In more than one-third of patients with positive hepatitis B surface antigen, DNA was not requested despite showing hypertransaminasemia and significant fibrosis. Patients without DNA request are at high risk of liver fibrosis progression. Thus, educational measures and other strategies are necessary, especially targeting primary care, to improve access to treatment.
Uptake of 18F-FDG in Adrenal Adenomas Is Associated With Unenhanced CT Value and Constituent Cells
Authors: Murayama Ryo , Nishie Akihiro , Hida Tomoyuki , Baba Shingo , Inokuchi Junichi , Oda Yoshinao , Honda Hiroshi 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The purposes of this study were to investigate the correlation between unenhanced CT attenuation values and 18F-FDG uptake in adrenal adenomas, and to clarify the mechanism of FDG uptake in adrenal adenomas based on immunohistochemical findings.

Materials and Methods
In 57 adrenal adenomas, the correlation between SUVmax on 18F-FDG PET and unenhanced CT attenuation was retrospectively investigated. In the 11 surgically resected nodules, the clear cell ratio (CCR) and expression levels of glucose transporters (GLUTs) 1 to 4 were pathologically evaluated. The GLUT expression levels were scored at 0 to 3 points for each transporter, and the sum of these expression levels was defined as the GLUT score. The relationships between CCR and either the CT attenuation number or SUVmax, and between the GLUT score and each of the CT attenutation value, SUVmax, or CCR were evaluated.

Results
There was a significant positive correlation between SUVmax and the CT attenuation value for the group of 57 adenomas (R = 0.44, P = 0.0007). For the 11 surgically resected cases, there was a nonsignificant trend of negative correlation between SUVmax and CCR (R = 0.57, P = 0.06). There was a significant positive correlation between GLUT score and CT attenuation value (R = 0.68, P = 0.02), and a significant negative correlation between GLUT score and CCR (R = 0.60, P = 0.003).

Conclusions
Adrenal adenomas composed of many compact cells or having high attenuation on unenhanced CT showed high FDG uptake. FDG uptake of adrenal adenomas may depend on the constituent cells.
Quality of Life Assessment for Elderly Patients Treated With Orthognathic Surgery
Authors: Avelar Rafael Linard , Silva Paulo Goberlanio de Barros , Magalhaes Maria Thereza Carvalho de , Parente Antônia Edivanda Aguiar , Alencar Natália Maria Carvalho de , Barros Livia de Oliveira 
Published: September 2019

Aim:
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the impact of orthognathic surgery on quality of life (QoL) in elderly patients.

Methods:
Twenty patients who underwent orthognathic surgery to correct Angle Class I, II e, III relations were evaluated. Condition-specific QoL through a 22-item Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ) and generic oral health-related QoL through a 14-item short-form Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) were assessed.

Results:
A statistically significant reduction (P < 0.001) in the average overall score was detected between the presurgical and postsurgical assessments. Male group showed significant improvement in physical pain (P = 0.047) and psychological discomfort (P = 0.039). No difference was found between the OHIP-14 (P = 0.582) and OQLQ (P = 0.525) total scores for the type of surgery (mono-maxillary or bimaxillary).

Conclusions:
Orthognathic surgical treatment had a positive impact on oral health-related QoL in the patients evaluated. The results of this study emphasize the concept that dental esthetics influence patients’ oral health–related QoL.
Traumatic Telecanthus and Posterior Lacrimal Crest Avulsion in a Six-Year-Old Child
Authors: Díaz Oswaldo J. Gómez , Carreño Andrés Parra , Serna Daniel Restrepo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Pediatric facial fractures are uncommon, especially orbital fractures, which can be unnoticed in 30% of the cases. Any delay regarding either diagnosis or treatment implies the risk of long-term sequels. Limited data exists concerning craniofacial fractures in children, especially the ones compromising the orbital substructures. Distribution varies upon several series; however, there is inexistence of literature regarding specific and isolated fractures of the lacrimal skeletal system. Injuries to the medial orbital wall canthal tendon can lead to disinsertion/ruptures of the medial canthal tendon. A canthopexy is the most indicated treatment to restore the original canthal position and the re-establishment of palpebral normal function. This paper's purpose is to present an isolated posterior lacrimal crest fracture/avulsion case secondary to a high-energy trauma involving a 6-year-old girl and present an exhaust literature revision.
Recurrent Maxillary Sinusitis and Periorbital Cellulitis Revealing an Unnoticed Medial Wall Orbital Fracture
Authors: Bachelet Jean-Thomas , Landis Basile N. , Scolozzi Paolo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Unilateral recurrent maxillary sinusitis is a common sinunasal pathology, mostly related to the ostiomeatal complex dysfunction. Although sinusitis can potentially spread to the adjacent structures, orbital cellulitis remains an exceptionally rare sequela.
The authors report the unusual case of a patient who presented with recurrent maxillary sinusitis complicated by cyclic episodes of periorbital cellulitis related to ostiomeatal complex obstruction from herniated periorbital fat through an unnoticed medial orbital wall fracture. To the best of our knowledge, no other similar case has previously been reported. The possible explanation for such an unusual association is discussed.
The Postoperative Morphometrics of Orbital and Maxillary Area for Craniosynostosis
Authors: Shi Lijun , Shen Weimin , Gao Qingwen , Kong Liangliang 
Published: September 2019

Purpose:
One of the most characteristic features in premature craniosynostosis is fronto-orbital retrusion. The standardized surgical technique of fronto-orbital advancement (FOA) can treat this (some) deformity, such as bilateral coronal synostosis. The purpose of the study is to investigate an available method to assess the postoperative outcome of the craniofacial surgery.

Methods:
From 2010 to 2015, 6 pediatric patients were taken the FOA in the Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery in the Children‘s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. All the patients were performed the computed tomography (CT) scan preoperatively and postoperatively. The CT databases were processed by DICOM files into MIMICS 16.0 software, which were automatically calculated into orbital volume and orbital roof and base surface area. T-test was used to compare measured values before and after surgery. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
The average preoperative orbital volume was 13930.70 mm3, and the postoperative was 18578.67917 mm3. After operation, the volume of orbital was significantly increased (P < 0.05). The mean area of the orbital roof surface was 753.989025 mm preoperatively, and the postoperative was 1122.074583 mm. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The average area of the orbital base (S2) was 334.94 ± 91.76 mm2. After the FOA, the orbital base was 356.99 ± 114.21 mm2. P(S2) = 0.6072 > 0.05, there was no significant statistical difference.

Conclusions:
Fronto-orbital advancement can successfully improve morphological orbital deformities in children with premature craniosynostosis, but much less for maxillary. The computer-assisted technique can present a measurement of FOA preoperatively and postoperatively, which make the evaluation intuitive.
Evaluating the effects of the pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions to manage delirium symptoms in palliative care patients: systematic review
Authors: Skelton Luke , Guo Ping 
Published: September 2019

Purpose of review
There is a high prevalence of delirium in palliative care patients. This review aims to evaluate the effects of the pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions used to manage delirium symptoms in this patient group.

Recent findings
A recent study has suggested there is no role for antipsychotic medication in the management of delirium in palliative care patients, which is a move away from previous expert opinion. In addition, recent findings suggest there may be a role for the use of antipsychotics in combination with benzodiazepines in the management of agitated delirium.

Summary
It is too early to abandon the use of antipsychotic medication entirely in the management of delirium, however there remains inadequate evidence to support the routine use of either pharmacological or nonpharmacological interventions for delirium treatment. Clinicians should determine the delirium subtype and severity, using this to inform the most appropriate pharmacological treatment if required. Further rigorously designed research is needed to seek clarity over whether the alleviation of symptoms is dose dependent, and to determine whether there is a severity threshold over which pharmacological interventions are most effective. Future research is required to evaluate nonpharmacological interventions in this population.
AETIONOMY, a Cross-Sectional Study Aimed at validating a new taxonomy of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Study design and subject characteristics
Authors: Corvol Jean Christophe , Bujac Sarah , Carvalho Stephanie , Clarke Bethan , Marovac Jacqueline , Mangone Graziella , Rascol Olivier , Meissner Wassilios G , Magnin Eloi , Foubert-Samier Alexandra , Catala Hélène , Markaki Ioanna , Tsitsi Panagiota , Sanchez-Valle Raquel , Heneka Michael T. , Molinuevo Jose-Luis , Wuellner Ullrich , Svenningsson Per , Scordis Phil , Hofmann-Apitius Martin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlthough advances in the understanding of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) have led to improvements in classification and diagnosis and most importantly to new therapies, the unmet medical needs remain significant due to high treatment failure rates. The AETIONOMY project funded by the Innovative Medicine Initiative (IMI) aims at using multi-OMICs and bioinformatics to identify new classifications for NDDs based on common molecular pathophysiological mechanisms in view of improving the availability of personalised treatments.ObjectivesThe purpose of the AETIONOMY cross-sectional study is to validate novel patient classification criteria provided by these tools.MethodsThis was a European multi centre, cross-sectional, clinical study conducted at 6 sites in 3 countries. Standardised clinical data, biosamples from peripheral blood, cerebrospinal fluid, skin biopsies, and data from a multi-OMICs approach were collected in patients suffering from Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, as well as healthy controls.ResultsFrom September 2015 to December 2017 a total of 421 participants were recruited including 95 Healthy Controls. Nearly 1,500 biological samples were collected. The study achieved its objective with respect to Parkinson’s disease (PD) recruitment, however it was unable to recruit many new Alzheimer Disease (AD) patients. Overall, data from 413 evaluable subjects (405 PD and 8 AD) are available for analysis. PD patients and controls were well matched with respect to age (mean 63.4 years), however, close gender matching was not achieved. Approximately half of all PD patients and one At-Risk subject were taking dopamine agonists; rates of Levodopa usage were slightly higher (∼60%). Median MDS-UPDRS Part III Scores (OFF state) ranged from 45 (SD 18) in those with Genetic PD to 2 (SD 3) in Healthy Controls. The standardised methodologies applied resulted in a high-quality database with very few missing data.ConclusionThis is one of the collaborative multi-OMICs studies in individuals suffering from PD and AD involving a control group. It is expected that the integration of data will provide new biomarker-led descriptions of clusters of patient subgroups.
Exome sequences of toque macaques (Macaca sinica) of Sri Lanka reveal many amino acid changes
Authors: Hettiarachchi Nilmini , Osada Naoki , Nakaoka Hirofumi , Hayakawa Takashi , Inoue Ituro , Saitou Naruya 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMacaques are one of the most widely used model organisms in biomedical research. Macaca mulatta and M. fascicularis are currently being used for toxicology, HIV, diabetes, neuroscience and psychiatric and psychological disorder researches. Many studies have been conducted on M. mulatta and M. fascicularis genomes for this purpose in order to understand the genomic properties of these species. Several M. fascicularis individuals from different geographical locations and also M. mulatta genomes have been sequenced and studied in depth for the purpose of understanding the phylogenetic and evolutionary relationships between various macaque populations. But still a gap in knowledge remains for other macaque populations such as the Sinica group. In this study for the very first time, we sequenced the exome of toque macaques (M. sinica), an endemic island population of Sri Lanka. Here we confirmed that M. sinica and M. thibetana cluster together and are closely related, also the three distinct phylogenetic groupings of fascicularis and sinica. We also found that M. sinica has less number of polymorphisms with respect to the reference genome M. mulatta signifying the smaller and restricted population size of this species.
Essential omega-3 fatty acids tune microglial phagocytosis of synaptic elements in the developing brain
Authors: Madore C. , Leyrolle Q. , Morel L. , Delpech J.C. , Greenhalgh A.D. , Lacabanne C. , Bosch-Bouju C. , Bourel J. , Thomazeau A. , Hopperton K.E. , Beccari S. , Sere A. , Aubert A. , De Smedt-Peyrusse V. , Lecours C. , Bisht K. , Fourgeaud L. , Gregoire S. , Bretillon L. , Grant N. J. , Badaut J. , Gressens P. , Sierra A. , Butovsky O. , Tremblay M.E. , Bazinet R.P. , Joffre C. , Nadjar A. , Layé S. 
Published: September 2019

SUMMARYOmega-3 fatty acids (n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids; n-3 PUFAs) are essential for the functional maturation of the brain. Westernization of dietary habits in both developed and developing countries is accompanied by a progressive reduction in dietary intake of n-3 PUFAs. Low maternal intake of n-3 PUFAs has been linked to neurodevelopmental diseases in epidemiological studies, but the mechanisms by which a n-3 PUFA dietary imbalance affects CNS development are poorly understood. Active microglial engulfment of synaptic elements is an important process for normal brain development and altered synapse refinement is a hallmark of several neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we identify a molecular mechanism for detrimental effects of low maternal n-3 PUFA intake on hippocampal development. Our results show that maternal dietary n-3 PUFA deficiency increases microglial phagocytosis of synaptic elements in the developing hippocampus, through the activation of 12/15- lipoxygenase (LOX)/12-HETE signaling, which alters neuronal morphology and affects cognition in the postnatal offspring. While women of child bearing age are at higher risk of dietary n-3 PUFA deficiency, these findings provide new insights into the mechanisms linking maternal nutrition to neurodevelopmental disorders.One Sentence SummaryLow maternal omega-3 fatty acids intake impairs microglia-mediated synaptic refinementvia12-HETE pathway in the developing brain.
Omic-Sig: Utilizing Omics Data to Explore and Visualize Kinase-Substrate Interactions
Authors: Lih T. Mamie , Clark David J. , Zhang Hui 
Published: September 2019

AbstractProtein phosphorylation is one of the most prevalent post-translational modifications, resulting from the activity of protein kinases phosphorylating specific substrates. Multiple cellular processes are regulated via protein phosphorylation, with aberrant signaling driven by dysregulation of phosphorylation events and associating with disease progression (e.g., cancer). Mass spectrometry-based phosphoprotomics approaches can be leveraged for studying alterations of kinase-substrate activity in clinical cohorts. However, the information gained via interrogation of global proteomes and transcriptomes can offer additional insight into the interaction of kinases and their respective substrates. Therefore, we have developed the bioinformatics, data visualization software tool, Omic-Sig, which can stratify prominent phospho-substrates and their associated kinases based on differential abundances between case and control samples (e.g., tumors and their normal adjacent tissues from a cancer cohort) in a multi-omics fashion. Omic-Sig is available at https://github.com/hzhangjhu/Omic-Sig.