bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
«KANT-STUDIEN» NOVALIS
Authors: SILVA Fernando M. F. 
Published: October 2019

O presente contributo oferece a versão em língua portuguesa de um conjunto de anotações coligidas por Novalis em 1797, postumamente intitulado “Kant-Studien”: um escrito que, assim o pretende demonstrar também a apresentação da peça, prova que para além de poeta, Novalis era também um atento leitor de Kant, e de Reinhold e Fichte; e que, se até certo ponto Novalis é defensor dos pressupostos gerais da filosofia crítica de Kant, por outro, ele diverge da mesma, e a partir dela constrói a sua própria posição sobre o problema – uma posição que, advogando a impossibilidade de um princípio supremo da filosofia, reuniria em seu torno Hölderlin, F. K. Forberg, I. Niethammer ou J. B. Erhard.
Discovering the secrets of Cagaiteira (Eugenia dysenterica), an awakening of Cerrado
Authors: Costa L. T. , Rodrigues D. B. , Melo C. P. O. F , Souza A.G. , Garcia E. M. , Taroco H. A. , Melo J. O. F. 
Published: October 2019

O cerrado presents a diversity of fruit species known and used by the population, these species present big potential economic and ecological, awakening the interest industries, in addition to presenting source income for local population. The cagaiteira (Eugenia dysenterica) is an typical tree do cerrado presents a great potential, however o consumption its fruit still is little diffused by the population that many times is unaware of its health benefits. O goal of this work was bring information for the population of the micro-region of Sete Lagoas on the potentialities natural that o cerrado presents, so that there a greater preservation of the cagaiteiras present region in, being able to be used as an alternative source of feeding interfering significantly in the improvement of feeding and contribution nutritional. The results have shown that the this work interventions of contributed to a better dissemination of information on the cagaita promoting a better use of this species fruitful through the population.
اتجاهات طلبة كلية التربية نحو مهنة التدريس بمدينة مصراتة
Authors: أحمد الشوكي , كريم ربيعة 
Published: October 2019

تحددت مشكلة البحث في السؤال الرئيسي الآتي: ما اتجاهات طلبة الكلية التربية نحو مهنة التدريس؟ وما علاقتها بمتغير الجنس؟، ويتفرع من هذا السؤال عدة أسئلة، ويهدف البحث الحالي إلى:
1-	التعرف على اتجاهات طلبة كلية التربية نحو مهنة التدريس وعلاقتها بمتغير الجنس.
2-	التعرف على الاتجاهات لطلبة كلية التربية حول النظرة الشخصية للمهنة.
3-	التعرف على الاتجاهات الإيجابية لطلبة كلية التربية نحو السمات الشخصية للأستاذ.
4-	التعرف على الاتجاهات الإيجابية لطلبة كلية التربية نحو التقييم الشخصي لقدراته الخاصة.
5-	التعرف على الاتجاهات الإيجابية لطلبة كلية التربية نحوَ مستقبل المهنة.
6-	التعرف على الاتجاهات الإيجابية لطلبة كلية التربية نحو نظرة المجتمع للمهنة.
ولتحقيق هذه الأهداف استخدم الباحثان المنهج الوصفي لملاءمته لِطَبيعة البحث الحالي، وتم اعتماد مقياس (مهدي أحمد الطاهر) المطبق في المملكة العربية السعودية، للعام الجامعي (1991م)؛ لقياس اتجاهات المعلمين نحو مهنة التدريس، وقد أسفرت نتائج البحث عن وجود اتجاهات إيجابية لطلبة كلية التربية نحو مهنة التدريس، إلا أن اتجاهات الإناث نحو مهنة التدريس أكثر من الذكور، وفي ضوء نتائج البحث أوصى الباحثان ببعض التوصيات والمقترحات.
T CrB: Radio Observations during the 2016–2017 “Super-active” State
Authors: Linford Justin D. , Chomiuk Laura , Sokoloski Jennifer L. , Weston Jennifer H. S. , van der Horst Alexander J. , Mukai Koji , Barrett Paul , Mioduszewski Amy J. , Rupen Michael 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We obtained radio observations of the symbiotic binary and known recurrent nova T Coronae Borealis following a period of increased activity in the optical and X-ray bands. A comparison of our observations with those made prior to 2015 indicates that the system is in a state of higher emission in the radio as well. The spectral energy distributions are consistent with optically thick thermal bremsstrahlung emission from a photoionized source. Our observations indicate that the system was in a state of increased ionization in the companion wind, possibly driven by an increase in accretion rate, with the radio photosphere located well outside the binary system.
Runaway Young Stars near the Orion Nebula
Authors: McBride Aidan , Kounkel Marina 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The star-forming region of the Orion Nebula (ONC) is ideal to study the stellar dynamics of young stars in a clustered environment. Using Gaia DR2 we search for pre-main sequence stars with unusually high proper motions that may be representative of a dynamical ejection from unstable young triple systems or other close three-body encounters. We identify 26 candidate stars that are likely to have had such an encounter in the last 1 Myr. Nine of these stars could be traced back to the densest central-most region of the ONC, the Trapezium, while five others have likely interactions with other OB-type stars in the cluster. Seven stars originate from other nearby populations within the Orion Complex that coincidentally scattered toward the ONC. A definitive point of origin cannot be identified for the remaining sources. These observations shed light on the frequency of the ejection events in young clusters.
Photoelectron Sheath on Lunar Sunlit Regolith and Dust Levitation
Authors: Mishra S. K. , Bhardwaj A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Photoelectron sheath formation and subsequent fine dust levitation over the sunlit lunar regolith have been investigated by consistently accounting for the continuous interaction of the solar wind and solar radiation with the Moon. In deriving the photoelectron sheath, the Poisson equation is coupled with the latitude-dependent population density of the Fermionic photoelectrons. The altitude and latitude profiles of the electric potential, electric field, and electron density within the photoelectron sheath have been derived. A larger sheath is predicted near the terminator compared to the subsolar point. Accounting for the sheath features, the charging of levitating particles under the kinetic balance of anisotropic photoelectron flux, solar radiation, and solar wind plasma has been calculated. The dust charge is coupled with a characteristic sheath field to evaluate the altitude profile of the particle size, displaying levitation under its electrostatic equilibrium with the lunar gravity. Our analysis suggests that in equilibrium, the submicron particles may levitate up to a couple of meters above the lunar surface; for instance, at the subsolar point (0° latitude) 200 and 50 nm particles may float up to an altitude of ∼64 and ∼194 cm, respectively, while at 70° latitude near the terminator these particles are estimated to levitate at an altitude of ∼18 and ∼227 cm, respectively. The floating charged submicron dust may electrostatically interact with the functioning of experiments and can significantly affect the instrument operation.
Neutron Stars and Black Holes in the Small Magellanic Cloud: The SMC NuSTAR Legacy Survey
Authors: Lazzarini M. , Williams B. F. , Hornschemeier A. E. , Antoniou V. , Vasilopoulos G. , Haberl F. , Vulic N. , Yukita M. , Zezas A. , Bodaghee A. , Lehmer B. D. , Maccarone T. J. , Ptak A. , Wik D. , Fornasini F. M. , Hong Jaesub , Kennea J. A. , Tomsick J. A. , Venters T. , Udalski A. , Cassity A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We present a source catalog from the first deep hard X-ray (E > 10 keV) survey of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) Legacy Survey of the SMC. We observed three fields, for a total exposure time of 1 Ms, along the bar of this nearby star-forming galaxy. Fields were chosen for their young stellar and accreting binary populations. We detected 10 sources above a 3σ significance level (4–25 keV) and obtained upper limits on an additional 40 sources. We reached a 3σ limiting luminosity in the 4–25 keV band of ∼1035 erg s−1, allowing us to probe fainter X-ray binary (XRB) populations than has been possible with other extragalactic NuSTAR surveys. We used hard X-ray colors and luminosities to constrain the compact-object type, exploiting the spectral differences between accreting black holes and neutron stars at E > 10 keV. Several of our sources demonstrate variability consistent with previously observed behavior. We confirmed pulsations for seven pulsars in our 3σ sample. We present the first detection of pulsations from a Be-XRB, SXP 305 (CXO J005215.4–73191), with an X-ray pulse period of 305.69 ± 0.16 s and a likely orbital period of ∼1160–1180 days. Bright sources (≳5 × 1036 erg s−1) in our sample have compact-object classifications consistent with their previously reported types in the literature. Lower-luminosity sources (≲5 × 1036 erg s−1) have X-ray colors and luminosities consistent with multiple classifications. We raise questions about possible spectral differences at low luminosity between SMC pulsars and the Galactic pulsars used to create the diagnostic diagrams.
Improving the Epoch of Reionization Power Spectrum Results from Murchison Widefield Array Season 1 Observations
Authors: Barry N. , Wilensky M. , Trott C. M. , Pindor B. , Beardsley A. P. , Hazelton B. J. , Sullivan I. S. , Morales M. F. , Pober J. C. , Line J. , Greig B. , Byrne R. , Lanman A. , Li W. , Jordan C. H. , Joseph R. C. , McKinley B. , Rahimi M. , Yoshiura S. , Bowman J. D. , Gaensler B. M. , Hewitt J. N. , Jacobs D. C. , Mitchell D. A. , Udaya Shankar N. , Sethi S. K. , Subrahmanyan R. , Tingay S. J. , Webster R. L. , Wyithe J. S. B. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Measurements of 21 cm Epoch of Reionization (EoR) structure are subject to systematics originating from both the analysis and the observation conditions. Using 2013 data from the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA), we show the importance of mitigating both sources of contamination. A direct comparison between results from Beardsley et al. and our updated analysis demonstrates new precision techniques, lowering analysis systematics by a factor of 2.8 in power. We then further lower systematics by excising observations contaminated by ultra-faint RFI, reducing by an additional factor of 3.8 in power for the zenith pointing. With this enhanced analysis precision and newly developed RFI mitigation, we calculate a noise-dominated upper limit on the EoR structure of Δ2 ≤ 3.9 × 103 mK2 at k = 0.20 h Mpc−1 and z = 7 using 21 hr of data, improving previous MWA limits by almost an order of magnitude.
An Hα Imaging Survey of All (Ultra)luminous Infrared Galaxies at Decl. ≥ −30° in the GOALS Sample
Authors: Jin Jun-Jie , Zhu Yi-Nan , Wu Hong , Lei Feng-Jie , Cao Chen , Meng Xian-Min , Zhou Zhi-Min , Lam Man I 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the result of Hα imaging for luminous and ultraluminous infrared galaxies. It is a complete subsample of the Great Observatories All-sky LIRG Survey (GOALS) with decl. ≥ −30°, and consists of 148 galaxies with log(L
IR/L
☉) ≥ 11.0. All the Hα images were carried out using the 2.16 m telescope at the Xinglong Station of the National Astronomy Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAOC), during the year from 2006 to 2009. We obtained the pure Hα luminosity for each galaxy and corrected the luminosity for [N ii] emission, filter transmission, and extinction. We also classified these galaxies based on their morphology and interaction. We found that the distribution of star-forming regions in these galaxies is related to this classification. As the merging process advanced, these galaxies tended to have a more compact distribution of star-forming regions, higher L
IR, and warmer IR-color (f
60/f
100). These results imply that the degree of dynamical disturbance plays an important role in determining the distribution of a star-forming region.
The Carnegie-Irvine Galaxy Survey. VIII. Demographics of Bulges along the Hubble Sequence
Authors: Gao 高 Hua 桦 , Ho Luis C. , Barth Aaron J. , Li Zhao-Yu 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We present multicomponent decomposition of high-quality R-band images of 320 disk galaxies from the Carnegie-Irvine Galaxy Survey. In addition to bulges and disks, we successfully model nuclei, bars, disk breaks, nuclear/inner lenses, and inner rings. Our modeling strategy treats nuclear rings and nuclear bars as part of the bulge component, while other features such as spiral arms, outer lenses, and outer rings are omitted from the fits because they are not crucial for accurate bulge measurements. The error budget of bulge parameters includes the uncertainties from sky-level measurements and model assumptions. Comparison with multicomponent decomposition from the Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies reveals broad agreement for the majority of the overlapping galaxies, but for a considerable fraction of galaxies there are significant differences in bulge parameters caused by different strategies in model construction. We confirm that on average bulge prominence decreases from early- to late-type disk galaxies, although the large scatter of bulge-to-total ratios in each morphological bin limits the application of Hubble type as an accurate predictor of bulge-to-total ratio. In contrast with previous studies claiming that barred galaxies host weaker bulges, we find that barred and unbarred spiral galaxies have similar bulge prominence.
Extended Aperture Photometry of K2 RR Lyrae stars
Authors: Plachy Emese , Molnár László , Bódi Attila , Skarka Marek , Szabó Pál , Szabó Róbert , Klagyivik Péter , Sódor Ádám , Pope Benjamin J. S. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The Kepler Space Telescope observed thousands of RR Lyrae stars in the K2 mission. In this paper, we present our photometric solutions using extended apertures in order to conserve the flux of the stars to the highest possible extent. With this method, we are able to avoid most of the problems that RR Lyrae light curves produced by other pipelines suffer from. For post-processing, we apply the K2SC pipeline to our light curves. We provide the EAP (Extended Aperture Photometry) of 432 RR Lyrae stars observed in campaigns 3, 4, 5, and 6. We also provide subclass classifications based on Fourier parameters. We investigated in particular the presence of the Blazhko effect in the stars and found it to be 44.7% among the RRab stars, in agreement with results from independent samples. We found that the amplitude and phase modulation in the Blazhko stars may behave rather differently, at least over the length of a K2 Campaign. We also identified four anomalous Cepheid candidates in the sample, one of which is potentially the first Blazhko-modulated member of its class.
Species conservation profiles of spiders (Araneae) endemic to mainland Portugal
Authors: Branco Vasco , Henriques Sergio , Rego Carla , Cardoso Pedro 
Published: October 2019

The Iberian Peninsula is a diverse region that contains several different bioclimatic areas within one confined space, leading to high biodiversity. Portugal distinguishes itself in this regard by having a high count of spider species (829) and a remarkable number of endemic spider species (42) for its size (approximately 88,890 km2). However, only one non-endemic species (Macrothele calpeiana) is currently protected by the Natura 2000 network and no endemic spider species (aside from Anapistula ataecina) has been assessed according to the IUCN Red List criteria. The objective of this paper is to assess all non-assessed endemic species (41) as well as M. calpeiana.
The 43 assessed species belong to 15 families, the richest being Zodariidae, Dysderidae, Linyphiidae and Gnaphosidae. In general and despite the lack of information on more than half the species, general patterns and trends could be found.
Only 18 species (including M. calpeiana and A. ataecina) had enough data to allow their EOO (extent of occurrence) and AOO (area of occurrence) to be quantified. Of these, we modelled the distribution of 14 epigean species, eight of which were found to be widespread. The remaining six fulfilled at least one of the criteria for threatened species. Four species are troglobiont, all of which meet the EOO and AOO thresholds for threatened species. The remaining 25 Portuguese endemics had no reliable information on their range. Only nine species out of the 43 are estimated to be in decline and 11 are stable, with the majority of species having no information on trends (23 species).
Forest areas, sand dunes, shrublands and caves host the majority of species. As such, the threats to Portuguese endemics reflect the diversity of habitats they occupy. Urbanisation and climate change seem to be the most important threats to these species, although other factors are also important and represented across the data.
A considerable proportion of the currently known Portuguese endemic species can be found in national protected areas, with higher prominence to the Serras de Aire e Candeeiros, Douro Internacional, Vale do Guadiana, Sudoeste Alentejano e Costa Vicentina and Arrábida Natural Parks. These correspond mostly to areas that have been particularly well sampled during the last two decades.
Degenerative Peripheral Retinoschisis: Observations From Ultra-Widefield Fundus Imaging
Authors: Thanos Aristomenis , Todorich Bozho , Pasadhika Sirichai , Khundkar Tahsin , Xu David , Jain Atul , Ung Cindy , Faia Lisa J. , Capone Antonio , Williams George A. , Yonekawa Yoshihiro , Sarraf David , Wolfe Jeremy D. 
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To describe the ultra-widefield (UWF) imaging characteristics of patients with degenerative peripheral retinoschisis (DPR) using Optomap technology.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
In this multicenter, retrospective, noncomparative, consecutive case series, eligible patients underwent detailed retinal examination including indirect ophthalmoscopy. UWF fundus imaging, including color fundus photography, autofluorescence, and angiography, was performed using standardized protocols and findings were recorded and reviewed and analyzed.

RESULTS:
A total of 35 patients (58 eyes) with DPR were identified who underwent 55 sessions of UWF imaging. Mean age was 65 years, and the inferotemporal quadrant was most commonly affected (74% of eyes). Of these patients, 31 underwent fluorescein angiography and 90% of these studies illustrated abnormalities in the area affected by the schisis. The most common finding was retinal vascular leakage originating from the deep capillary plexus observed in 29 eyes (93.5%).

CONCLUSIONS:
UWF imaging enables a more detailed identification of the clinical features associated with DPR and provides simple, practical, and noninvasive tools to monitor progression of disease. The breadth of retinal vascular complications identified with fluorescein angiography may suggest an important vascular component associated with the pathogenesis of this entity.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2019;50:557–564.]
Geographic Atrophy and OCT Angiography: Descriptive Study and Correlation With Autofluorescence
Authors: Streho Maté , Lavallee Gwenaelle , Aimadaly Mourtaza , Perrenoud François , Puech Michel , Tadayoni Ramin , Giocanti-Aurégan Audrey 
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Geographic atrophy (GA) involves the progressive loss of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), photoreceptors, and choriocapillaris (CC). CC flow within a GA area is severely impaired in patients with atrophic age-related macular degeneration. The aim of this study was to compare GA area measured on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) (CC nonperfusion area) and on fundus autofluorescence (FAF).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
In this prospective, observational, cross-sectional study, OCTA and FAF were performed in patients with GA. On OCTA (CC segmentation), the CC nonperfusion area was measured manually using calipers. On FAF, GA was manually delimited, and the total surface was obtained using Region Finder software. The primary endpoint was to compare the CC nonperfusion area measured on OCTA and on the gold standard method (FAF).

RESULTS:

Forty eyes of 34 patients with a mean age of 82.63 years ± 9.21 years (range: 66 years to 100 years) were included. The mean GA area measured on FAF and OCTA was, respectively, 2.184 ± 3.045 mm
2
and 2.349 ± 3.237 mm
2
(
P
= .035). The mean difference was 0.165 ± 0.290 mm
2
. A strong correlation was found between both measurements (r = 0.97;
P
< .0001; confidence interval: 0.98–0.99), although the CC nonperfusion area was larger than the GA area on FAF (
P
= .035).

CONCLUSIONS:
In this study, the authors showed that in GA, the CC nonperfusion area correlates linearly with the GA area assessed by FAF. Also, the CC nonperfusion area is larger than the GA area measured by FAF, suggesting that CC degeneration could occur before RPE degeneration in GA.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2019;50:e222–e228.]
New Simple Lattices in Products of Trees and their Projections
Authors: Radu Nicolas 
Published: October 2019

AbstractLet $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E4}\leqslant \text{Aut}(T_{d_{1}})\times \text{Aut}(T_{d_{2}})$ be a group acting freely and transitively on the product of two regular trees of degree $d_{1}$ and $d_{2}$. We develop an algorithm that computes the closure of the projection of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E4}$ on $\text{Aut}(T_{d_{t}})$ under the hypothesis that $d_{t}\geqslant 6$ is even and that the local action of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E4}$ on $T_{d_{t}}$ contains $\text{Alt}(d_{t})$. We show that if $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E4}$ is torsion-free and $d_{1}=d_{2}=6$, exactly seven closed subgroups of $\text{Aut}(T_{6})$ arise in this way. We also construct two new infinite families of virtually simple lattices in $\text{Aut}(T_{6})\times \text{Aut}(T_{4n})$ and in $\text{Aut}(T_{2n})\times \text{Aut}(T_{2n+1})$, respectively, for all $n\geqslant 2$. In particular, we provide an explicit presentation of a torsion-free infinite simple group on 5 generators and 10 relations, that splits as an amalgamated free product of two copies of $F_{3}$ over $F_{11}$. We include information arising from computer-assisted exhaustive searches of lattices in products of trees of small degrees. In an appendix by Pierre-Emmanuel Caprace, some of our results are used to show that abstract and relative commensurator groups of free groups are almost simple, providing partial answers to questions of Lubotzky and Lubotzky–Mozes–Zimmer.
Cloud Computing Contracts as Contracts for the Supply of Digital Content: Classification and Information Duty
Authors: Żok Krzysztof 
Published: October 2019

Cloud computing contracts are among the most frequently concluded contracts over the Internet. Until now, however, they have been considered mainly from the perspective of data protection and intellectual property laws. Although these analyses provide valuable insights, they do not fully cover an important area, i.e. consumer protection. The article focuses on the latter issue, taking Consumer Rights Directive as a reference point. The Directive is one of the latest acts concerning consumer protection in the European Union. It also introduces a new type of agreement that should cover cloud computing contracts. In addition, characteristically for European law, it provides for an information duty as a means of consumer protection. The article examines these two aspects by seeking an answer to the following questions: (1) do cloud computing contracts classify as contracts for the supply of digital content? And (2) do the provisions on information duty suit well cloud computing contracts? The analysis includes the results of empirical studies of these contracts. In the conclusion, the article states that the new type of contract may not significantly improve consumer protection, mainly due to the ambiguity resulting from recital 19 of the Directive. On the other hand, consumers may benefit from the provisions on information duty, though it does not directly address the main problems connected with cloud computing contracts.The article is divided into four parts. The first provides an introduction to the topic. The second discusses cloud computing contracts as contracts for the supply of digital content. The third analyses the provisions on information duty from the point of view of the contracts under consideration. Finally, the fourth summarises previous comments.