bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of Joint Preservation Procedures for Cartilage Injuries in the Hip: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: O’Connor Michaela , Minkara Anas A. , Westermann Robert W. , Rosneck James , Lynch T. Sean 
Published: June 2018

Background: The detection and management of chondral injuries of the hip, especially in a younger patient population, may preempt joint degeneration. Although the outcomes of preservation techniques have been well described for other weightbearing joints, such as the knee, evidence for hip joint preservation after procedures such as microfracture and autologous chondrocyte implantation remains in its infancy. Purpose: To evaluate outcomes of joint preservation procedures in the hip, including the success rate and patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: This review was performed using the terms “hip arthroscopy,” “microfracture,” “autologous chondrocyte implantation,” “fibrin glue,” “osteochondral transfer,” and variations thereof in 5 electronic databases, yielding 325 abstracts. After the application of eligibility criteria, 19 articles were included. Weighted means were calculated for PROs, and pooled estimates were calculated for age, follow-up, chondral lesion size, and success of hip preservation procedures with a random-effects proportion meta-analysis. Results: A total of 1484 patients (1502 hips) were identified across 19 studies (mean age, 38.0 ± 1.3 years; mean follow-up, 31.8 ± 9.6 months). Hip joint preservation techniques demonstrated a high success rate, ranging from 85.6% to 99.7%. The mean pooled chondral lesion size was 2.5 ± 0.3 cm2 (95% CI, 1.9-3.0 cm2). Microfracture was the most frequent technique, utilized by 11 studies, and demonstrated an 89.6% success rate (95% CI, 82.4%-96.7%). The highest pooled success rate was exhibited by autologous membrane-induced chondrogenesis in 3 studies (99.7% [95% CI, 99.0%-100.0%]). All PROs demonstrated a statistically significant increase postoperatively, including the modified Harris Hip Score, Nonarthritic Hip Score, and Hip Outcome Score–Activities of Daily Living and Hip Outcome Score–Sports-Specific Subscale (all P < .05). The visual analog scale for pain also demonstrated a statistically significant decrease of 37.2% ( P < .05). Conclusion: Hip preservation procedures demonstrate a high success rate, with microfracture representing the most frequently utilized cartilage preservation technique in the peer-reviewed literature. PROs significantly improved after surgery. Further investigation of hip preservation modalities with long-term follow-up is required to create evidence-based clinical recommendations and treatment algorithms.
Identification of novel mutational drivers reveals oncogene dependencies in multiple myeloma
Authors: Walker Brian A. , Mavrommatis Konstantinos , Wardell Christopher P. , Ashby T. Cody , Bauer Michael , Davies Faith E. , Rosenthal Adam , Wang Hongwei , Qu Pingping , Hoering Antje , Samur Mehmet , Towfic Fadi , Ortiz Maria , Flynt Erin , Yu Zhinuan , Yang Zhihong , Rozelle Dan , Obenauer John , Trotter Matthew , Auclair Daniel , Keats Jonathan , Bolli Niccolo , Fulciniti Mariateresa , Szalat Raphael , Moreau Philippe , Durie Brian , Stewart A. Keith , Goldschmidt Hartmut , Raab Marc S. , Einsele Hermann , Sonneveld Pieter , San Miguel Jesus , Lonial Sagar , Jackson Graham H. , Anderson Kenneth C. , Avet-Loiseau Herve , Munshi Nikhil , Thakurta Anjan , Morgan Gareth J. 
Published: June 2018

Key Points
Using the largest set of patients with newly diagnosed myeloma, we identified 63 mutated driver genes. We identified oncogenic dependencies, particularly relating to primary translocations, indicating a nonrandom accumulation of genetic hits.
Whole genome sequencing reveals high clonal diversity of Escherichia coli isolated from patients in a tertiary care hospital in Moshi, Tanzania
Authors: Sonda Tolbert , Kumburu Happiness , van Zwetselaar Marco , Alifrangis Michael , Mmbaga Blandina T. , Aarestrup Frank M. , Kibiki Gibson , Lund Ole 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Background
Limited information regarding the clonality of circulating E. coli strains in tertiary care hospitals in low and middle-income countries is available. The purpose of this study was to determine the serotypes, antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes. Further, we carried out a phylogenetic tree reconstruction to determine relatedness of E. coli isolated from patients in a tertiary care hospital in Tanzania.

Methods
E. coli isolates from inpatients admitted at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre between August 2013 and August 2015 were fully genome-sequenced at KCMC hospital. Sequence analysis was done for identification of resistance genes, Multi-Locus Sequence Typing, serotyping, and virulence genes. Phylogeny reconstruction using CSI Phylogeny was done to ascertain E. coli relatedness. Stata 13 (College Station, Texas 77,845 USA) was used to determine Cohen’s kappa coefficient of agreement between the phenotypically tested and whole genome sequence predicted antimicrobial resistance.

Results
Out of 38 E. coli isolates, 21 different sequence types (ST) were observed. Eight (21.1%) isolates belonged to ST131; of which 7 (87.5.%) were serotype O25:H4. Ten (18.4%) isolates belonged to ST10 clonal complex; of these, four (40.0%) were ST617 with serotype O89:H10. Twenty-eight (73.7%) isolates carried genes encoding beta-lactam resistance enzymes. On average, agreement across all drugs tested was 83.9%. Trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole) showed moderate agreement: 45.8%, kappa =15% and p = 0.08. Amoxicillin-clavulanate showed strongest agreement: 87.5%, kappa = 74% and p = 0.0001. Twenty-two (57.9%) isolates carried virulence factors for host cells adherence and 25 (65.7%) for factors that promote E. coli immune evasion by increasing survival in serum. The phylogeny analysis showed that ST131 clustering close together whereas ST10 clonal complex had a very clear segregation of the ST617 and a mix of the rest STs.

Conclusion
There is a high diversity of E. coli isolated from patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Tanzania. This underscores the necessity to routinely screen all bacterial isolates of clinical importance in tertiary health care facilities. WGS use for laboratory-based surveillance can be an effective early warning system for emerging pathogens and resistance mechanisms in LMICs.
How the simple shape and soft body of the larvae might explain the success of endopterygote insects
Authors: Maddrell S. H. P. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT
The body forms of the larvae of most endopterygote insects are remarkably similar. I argue that their typical worm-like shape cuts costs; in particular, this allows the larvae to benefit from cheaper moulting and from less costly provision of fuel and oxygen to their respiring tissues. Furthermore, the shape confers a reduction of larval mortality in moulting. Together, these factors allow endopterygote larvae to grow fast and as this speedy growth reduces the dangers of predation, attack by parasitoids and disease before the larvae can reach adulthood, they increase offspring survival. I argue that this goes a long way to explain the very pronounced success of endopterygote insects.
Shedding light on an East-Mediterranean mesophotic sponge ground community and the regional sponge fauna
Authors: IDAN TAL , SHEFER SIGAL , FELDSTEIN TAMAR , YAHEL RUTH , HUCHON DOROTHEE , ILAN MICHA 
Published: June 2018

Sponges are a diverse and abundant phylum, globally inhabiting many hard-bottom habitats. However, data on the East-Mediterranean sponge communities are scarce, outdated, and limited to the shallow waters. This study sought to expand the knowledge of the poriferan fauna along the Mediterranean shore of Israel. A newly-discovered mesophotic sponge ground at ~100 m depth was studied using a remotely-operated vehicle (ROV), in addition to shallow-water surveys conducted by scuba diving. In the mesophotic ecosystem, sponges, serving as environmental engineers, create complex 3D structures that attract invertebrates and fish. The results of the quantitative survey of this mesophotic sponge ground reveal that it maintains a rich and diverse community with an estimated 63 species, and a high sponge percent coverage (~35%). Several of the mesophotic species are documented for the first time from the Levant basin, while others might be novel species. Here we identified over 100 sponge species along the Mediterranean coast of Israel, 33 of which were sampled from the mesophotic sponge ground. The updated sponge list supports the hypothesis that the Levantine sponge diversity is not as species-poor, compared to other parts of the Mediterranean Sea, as has previously been considered. In addition, shallow and mesophotic sponge community compositions were found to only partially overlap. Moreover, the latter harbors some species that have disappeared from the shallow habitats, and only a few species thrive along the entire depth range. We suggest that mesophotic sponge grounds may serve as refugia for species stressed by the rising temperatures in shallow waters and should be protected from anthropogenic influences such as oil and gas drilling.
Optimal Sales Schemes for Network Goods
Authors: Parakhonyak Alexei , Vikander Nick 
Published: June 2018

This paper considers a monopolist’s product-launch strategy in the presence of network effects, focusing on how to exploit these effects to the maximum possible extent. In our formal framework, the firm sets a price for its product and chooses a sales scheme, which effectively determines how consumers can learn from each other about the product’s popularity. Our results on the profitability of different schemes provide insights on a variety of managerial issues that are of practical relevance for product launch. Specifically, to best exploit network effects, our results suggest releasing preorder and sales information to consumers. They also suggest taking a sequential approach to multimarket product launch, launching first in smaller markets before larger ones. Moreover, they identify possible benefits of promoting prerelease consumer communication, and they support the idea of targeting independent-minded consumers, so they can serve as opinion leaders for those who follow. This paper was accepted by Juanjuan Zhang, marketing.
Improving patient outcomes through the implementation of a person-centred leg ulcer pathway
Authors: Mullings Julie , Merlin-Manton Elizabeth 
Published: June 2018

Objective: To develop a holistic pathway for leg ulcer assessment and management, implemented within a local community organisation. The primary aim for this pathway was to reduce time-to-healing. Method: A leg ulcer pathway was designed to be used in all care settings to support continuity, and contains quality of life (QoL) assessment tools, a treatment algorithm, guidance for use, a leg ulcer assessment form, and a wound treatment chart. Results: Data analysis, carried out 12 months after implementation, compared pre- and post-averages for ulcer time-to-healing: 123.7 days (median: 84 days), n=46 pre-implementation, versus 69.1 days (median: 46 days), n=30 post-implementation, respectively, which demonstrated a minimum 44% reduction in time. Cost saving analysis demonstrated a minimum cost reduction of 45% in nursing time. Conclusion: The implementation of a structured, person-centred leg ulcer pathway has provided many benefits to patients, clinicians and the hospital and community trust. Enhancing correct dressing product placement by ensuring the right dressing is used at the right time, in tandem with the correct compression regime, improved healing outcomes. The patient journey has become more streamlined providing the best chance to achieve full healing quickly.
Flexible sensors for real-time monitoring of moisture levels in wound dressings
Authors: Messaoud Mouna , Marsiquet Cyril , Revol-Cavalier Frédéric , Rat Venceslass , Marchand Gilles 
Published: June 2018

Objective: Few studies have investigated methods to monitor the moisture distribution and filling percentage of dressings during wound management. In this study, a new system allowing moisture monitoring across the wound dressing to be measured is examined. Method: The system is composed of a wound bed model with a fluid injection system to mimic exudate flow, a flexible sensor array and data acquisition software. The sensor is composed of 14 flexible electrode arrays, screen-printed on a flexible support and placed on the top of a wound dressing. The system is used to evaluate the performance of a foam-based dressing model. Results: During constant injection of fluid, the wound dressing absorbed moisture at the wound interface throughout the experiment, and expanded as the fluid spread from the wound bed to the edging areas of the foam. The in-time monitoring by the use of the screen-printed electrodes allowed a mapping of the dressing wet surface and estimation of the foam saturation (filling percentage) based on a simple acquisition method without the need to remove the dressing from the wound bed. Conclusion: The findings of this study propose a non-invasive method to monitor the filling of the wound dressing and consequently, a potential solution for determining the optimal dressing change during wound management without causing irritation or further damage to the periwound skin.
The healing properties of medicinal plants used in the Brazilian public health system: a systematic review
Authors: Marmitt Diorge Jônatas , Bitencourt Shanna , Silva Amanda do Couto e , Rempel Claudete , Goettert Márcia Inês 
Published: June 2018

Objective:The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the healing potential of medicinal plants belonging to the Brazilian National List of Medicinal Plants of Interest to the Unified Health System (RENISUS).Method:PubMed and ScienceDirect databases were searched for relevant articles, regardless of the language, from 2010 to June 2016. Two reviewers independently assessed study eligibility. Articles were included if they presented evidence of healing potential of medicinal plants. Only those available as full and open access texts were considered.Results:A total of 1381 articles met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 156 studies were considered eligible and were reviewed as full text. Following full analysis, 64 studies were included in this review. The studies covered 27 of the 71 plants belonging to RENISUS, nine of which are native to Brazil. In addition, two species are currently available in the Brazilian public health system as herbal medicine.Conclusion:This review may encourage and contribute to the appropriate use of medicinal plants in the public health system in Brazil.
Current and Emerging Trends in Point-of-Care Technology and Strategies for Clinical Validation and Implementation
Authors: Wang Ping , Kricka Larry J 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDPoint-of-care technology (POCT) provides actionable information at the site of care to allow rapid clinical decision-making. With healthcare emphasis shifting toward precision medicine, population health, and chronic disease management, the potential impact of POCT continues to grow, and several prominent POCT trends have emerged or strengthened in the last decade.CONTENTThis review summarizes current and emerging trends in POCT, including technologies approved or cleared by the Food and Drug Administration or in development. Technologies included have either impacted existing clinical diagnostics applications (e.g., continuous monitoring and targeted nucleic acid testing) or are likely to impact diagnostics delivery in the near future. The focus is limited to in vitro diagnostics applications, although in some sections, technologies beyond in vitro diagnostics are also included given the commonalities (e.g., ultrasound plug-ins for smart phones). For technologies in development (e.g., wearables, noninvasive testing, mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance, paper-based diagnostics, nanopore-based devices, and digital microfluidics), we also discuss their potential clinical applications and provide perspectives on strategies beyond technological and analytical proof of concept, with the end goal of clinical implementation and impact.SUMMARYThe field of POCT has witnessed strong growth over the past decade, as evidenced by new clinical or consumer products or research and development directions. Combined with the appropriate strategies for clinical needs assessment, validation, and implementation, these and future POCTs may significantly impact care delivery and associated outcomes and costs.
Association of Tryptophan Metabolites with Incident Type 2 Diabetes in the PREDIMED Trial: A Case–Cohort Study
Authors: Yu Edward , Papandreou Christopher , Ruiz-Canela Miguel , Guasch-Ferre Marta , Clish Clary B , Dennis Courtney , Liang Liming , Corella Dolores , Fitó Montserrat , Razquin Cristina , Lapetra José , Estruch Ramón , Ros Emilio , Cofán Montserrat , Arós Fernando , Toledo Estefania , Serra-Majem Lluis , Sorlí José V , Hu Frank B , Martinez-Gonzalez Miguel A , Salas-Salvado Jordi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDMetabolites of the tryptophan–kynurenine pathway (i.e., tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, quinolinic acid, 3-hydroxyanthranilic) may be associated with diabetes development. Using a case–cohort design nested in the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED) study, we studied the associations of baseline and 1-year changes of these metabolites with incident type 2 diabetes (T2D).METHODSPlasma metabolite concentrations were quantified via LC-MS for n = 641 in a randomly selected subcohort and 251 incident cases diagnosed during 3.8 years of median follow-up. Weighted Cox models adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and other T2D risk factors were used.RESULTSBaseline tryptophan was associated with higher risk of incident T2D (hazard ratio = 1.29; 95% CI, 1.04–1.61 per SD). Positive changes in quinolinic acid from baseline to 1 year were associated with a higher risk of T2D (hazard ratio = 1.39; 95% CI, 1.09–1.77 per SD). Baseline tryptophan and kynurenic acid were directly associated with changes in homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) from baseline to 1 year. Concurrent changes in kynurenine, quinolinic acid, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, and kynurenine/tryptophan ratio were associated with baseline-to-1-year changes in HOMA-IR.CONCLUSIONSBaseline tryptophan and 1-year increases in quinolinic acid were positively associated with incident T2D. Baseline and 1-year changes in tryptophan metabolites predicted changes in HOMA-IR. Tryptophan levels may initially increase and then deplete as diabetes progresses in severity.
Unpredictability in everyday photography: A case study
Authors: Melo Ricardo , Lamelas André , Carvalhais Miguel 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Modern technology is pervading all aspects of our everyday lives. With its focus on optimization, and through the growing adoption of content personalization, these technologies – in their attempts for relevancy and efficiency – are decreasing the role of chance and luck in our interactions with the Digital Medium, leading to a reduced potential for serendipitous experiences. This is exemplified in the post-smartphone photography. With the growing popularity of camera-enabled devices, photography has become commonplace: a trivial, routinely and mindlessly engaged practice. The photography act, due to the ever-increasing capacity of these devices to accurately record an image of the real, has become a series of brief, predictable actions, without much thought or consideration on the whole interaction. Through the exploration of the concept of defamiliarization, we intend to restore a sense on uncertainty and randomness to the quotidian photographic moment. To this end, we created an experimental smartphone application that randomly, and without the interactor’s control, transforms and manipulates a given photograph – thus making it unfamiliar – and allowing for surprise to be once more part of the process while increasing the engagement between photographer, subject and created image. We have also begun preliminary evaluations which have showed a positive impact of the concepts of this experimental application in the creative process.
Playing the networked image of the city: Ghosts, glitches, traces
Authors: Innocent Troy 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Being ‘in play’ evokes another way of being, an alternate reality, a different set of spatial relations. While play exists in time, it is atemporal, having its own rules of time and space. Play can be pervasive, embedded in day-to-day life, blending and bleeding into reality occupying a multitude of micromoments. Images of play present multiple meanings – diagrams of logic and rules, millisecond game state updates, assemblages of iconic game objects, spatial and cartographical information – and are distributed across screens big and small connected by digital networks. Within the framework of a fictional state – the Micronation of Ludea – these themes were explored via public artworks blending street art, formal abstraction, Augmented Reality (AR) and game design. The works play with the conventions of behaviour and construction of public space via their augmentation with the code and logic of game worlds. These games generate new images of the city from the combined viewpoints of the individual and the collective, micro and macro, monumental and intimate, transient and permanent, and the personal and public.
PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA TANAH WAKAF YANG TIDAK TERSERTIFIKASI DI WILAYAH PESISIR UTARA JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Islamiyati Islamiyati 
Published: June 2018

Kesenjangan aturan wakaf dengan realitas penyelesaian sengketa wakaf tanah tidak tersertifikasi di wilayah PANTURA Jawa Tengah menjadikan penelitian ini penting dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengungkap dan menganalisis kasus sengketa tanah wakaf tidak tersertifikasi di Wilayah PANTURA Jawa Tengah, faktor penyebab dan upaya hukum penyelesaiannya. Jenis penelitian ini field research dengan sampel penelitian Kabupaten Kendal, Demak dan Kota Semarang. Metode pendekatannya juridis empiris, sumber datanya yakni data primer dan skunder yang meliputi bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier, data dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan bantuan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan di daerah PANTURA Jawa Tengah ditemukan tanah wakaf tidak tersertifikasi sebesar 11,8 %, hal ini rentan menimbulkan sengketa. Faktor penyebabnya adalah sumber daya wakif dan nazhir, faktor tempat, dan kesalahpahaman legalitas perwakafan. Upaya penyelesaiannya melalui mediasi (60 %).
KEARIFAN LOKAL TERBONSAI ARUS GLOBALISASI
Authors: KONRADUS DANGGUR 
Published: June 2018

AbstrakEksistensi masyarakat hukum adat sudah ada sebelum NKRI berdiri.Keberadaannya yang beranekaragam termasuk dalam kearifan lokal yang tereksplisit dalam pasal 18 B UUD 1945.Terkait dengan itu nampak ada gap antara das sollen dan das sein.Untuk mempertahankan eksistensi masyarakat hukum adat dengan kearifan lokalnya perlu perlindungan dari Negara, yaitu melakukan pembaharuan hukum.Dalam penulisan ini dilakukan pendekatan socio-legal dengan kerangka paradigma kostruktivisme.Out put pendekatan ini adalahharmonisasi antara hukum corporate, hukum negara dan hukum adat. Untuk itu diperlukan rekonstruksi terhadap hak-hak tradisional masyarakat hukum adat.Diperlukan rekontruksi terhadap hak-hak tradisional masyarakat hukum adat, sehingga sehingga pengakuan negara bukan hanya dalam tataran das sollen, melainkan menjadi das sein.Kata Kunci: masyarakat hukum adat, globalisasi, sistem hukum Pancasila.