bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternity “Blues”: Prevalence and Risk Factors
Authors: Faisal-Cury Alexandre , Menezes Paulo Rossi , Tedesco Jose Júlio A , Kahalle Soubhi , Zugaib Marcelo 
Published: April 2019

Objectives: estimate the prevalence and track the risk factors associated with, Maternity blues (MB).Methods: a transversal study was performed with 113 women, on the tenth day of puerperium. The following instruments were used: Pitt Scale (1968), Stein (1980), Inventory for stressful life events by Holmes & Rahe (1967), and a questionnaire with sociodemographic and obstetric data.Results: the prevalence of MB was 32.7% according to the Stein scale. In the univariated analysis, civil status and tobacco use were associated with MB. Legally married women and nonsmokers showed a risk approximately 4 times lower of experiencing the problem.Conclusions: MB was very prevalent in this sample. Obstetricians must be aware of this condition which may be associated with postpartum depression.
Reconstruction of Grains in Polycrystalline Materials From Incomplete Data Using Laguerre Tessellations
Authors: Petrich Lukas , Staněk Jakub , Wang Mingyan , Westhoff Daniel , Heller Luděk , Šittner Petr , Krill Carl E. , Beneš Viktor , Schmidt Volker 
Published: April 2019

AbstractFar-field three-dimensional X-ray diffraction microscopy allows for quick measurement of the centers of mass and volumes of a large number of grains in a polycrystalline material, along with their crystal lattice orientations and internal stresses. However, the grain boundaries—and, therefore, individual grain shapes—are not observed directly. The present paper aims to overcome this shortcoming by reconstructing grain shapes based only on the incomplete morphological data described above. To this end, cross-entropy (CE) optimization is employed to find a Laguerre tessellation that minimizes the discrepancy between its centers of mass and cell sizes and those of the measured grain data. The proposed algorithm is highly parallel and is thus capable of handling many grains (>8,000). The validity and stability of the CE approach are verified on simulated and experimental datasets.
HYPERREFLEXIVITY CONSTANTS OF THE BOUNDED -COCYCLE SPACES OF GROUP ALGEBRAS AND C*-ALGEBRAS
Authors: SAMEI EBRAHIM , FARSANI JAFAR SOLTANI 
Published: April 2019

We introduce the concept of strong property $(\mathbb{B})$ with a constant for Banach algebras and, by applying a certain analysis on the Fourier algebra of the unit circle, we show that all C*-algebras and group algebras have the strong property $(\mathbb{B})$ with a constant given by $288\unicode[STIX]{x1D70B}(1+\sqrt{2})$. We then use this result to find a concrete upper bound for the hyperreflexivity constant of ${\mathcal{Z}}^{n}(A,X)$, the space of bounded $n$-cocycles from $A$ into $X$, where $A$ is a C*-algebra or the group algebra of a group with an open subgroup of polynomial growth and $X$ is a Banach $A$-bimodule for which ${\mathcal{H}}^{n+1}(A,X)$ is a Banach space. As another application, we show that for a locally compact amenable group $G$ and $1<p<\infty$, the space $CV_{P}(G)$ of convolution operators on $L^{p}(G)$ is hyperreflexive with a constant given by $384\unicode[STIX]{x1D70B}^{2}(1+\sqrt{2})$. This is the generalization of a well-known result of Christensen [‘Extensions of derivations. II’, Math. Scand. 50(1) (1982), 111–122] for $p=2$.
What you think you know can hurt you: under/over confidence in financial knowledge and preparedness for retirement
Authors: Angrisani Marco , Casanova Maria 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe study whether retirement preparedness of overconfident individuals – those with high self-rated but low objective financial knowledge – and underconfident individuals – those with low self-rated but high objective financial knowledge – differs from that of individuals for whom self-assessed and actual knowledge align. We find that overconfident individuals fare no different than others with similarly low levels of objective financial knowledge in terms of retirement preparedness, while they are less interested in improving their knowledge. Underconfident individuals exhibit worse economic outcomes than others with similarly high financial knowledge but show interest in learning more about retirement. Our results suggest that accompanying financial literacy campaigns with initiatives that increase awareness of one's actual knowledge may be an effective lever to encourage the overconfident to increase their financial competence and to prove to the underconfident that they have sufficient skills to start planning their financial future.
Detection of Linkage Between Solar and Lunar Cycles and Runoff of the World's Large Rivers
Authors: Dai Zhijun , Du Jinzhou , Tang Zhenghong , Ou Suying , Brody Samuel , Mei Xuefei , Jing Jietai , Yu Shoubing 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIt is an ongoing concern that global hydrological cycle can be likely intensified under context of climate change and anthropogenic actions. Here, our results show that the solar and lunar periodic motions (SLPMs) have substantial impact on the runoff of the world's large rivers. We estimate that SLPMs can produce a change of the world's large rivers runoff by as much as 6.7%. Although climate models suggest that the increased frequency of extreme events is attributed to anthropogenic activities, it is out of our expectation that as much as 73% and 85% of the extreme flood and drought events (based on runoff discharged to the ocean) appear in resonance with SLPMs, respectively. A reevaluation of impacts of SLPMs on changes in the world's river runoff is urgently needed, especially when extreme drought and flood events are on the rise.
Landers 1992 “Reloaded”: Integrative Dynamic Earthquake Rupture Modeling
Authors: Wollherr Stephanie , Gabriel Alice‐Agnes , Mai P. Martin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe 1992 Mw 7.3 Landers earthquake is perhaps one of the best studied seismic events. However, many aspects of the dynamics of the rupture process are still puzzling, for example, the rupture transfer between fault segments. We present 3‐D spontaneous dynamic rupture simulations, incorporating the interplay of fault geometry, topography, 3‐D rheology, off‐fault plasticity, and viscoelastic attenuation. Our preferred scenario reproduces a broad range of observations, including final slip distribution, shallow slip deficits, and mapped off‐fault deformation patterns. We demonstrate good agreement between synthetic and observed waveform characteristics and associated peak ground velocities. Despite very complex rupture evolution, ground motion variability is close to what is commonly assumed in Ground Motion Prediction Equations. We examine the effects of variations in modeling parameterization within a suite of scenarios including purely elastic setups and models neglecting viscoelastic attenuation. Source dynamics of all models include dynamic triggering over large distances and direct branching; rupture terminates spontaneously on most of the principal fault segments. Sustained dynamic rupture of all fault segments in general, and rupture transfers in particular, constrain amplitude and orientation of initial fault stresses and friction. We conclude that physically consistent in‐scale earthquake rupture simulations can augment earthquake source observations toward improving the understanding of earthquake source physics of complex, segmented fault systems.
A review of neuroeconomic gameplay in psychiatric disorders
Authors: Robson Siân E. , Repetto Linda , Gountouna Viktoria-Eleni , Nicodemus Kristin K. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAbnormalities in social interaction are a common feature of several psychiatric disorders, aligning with the recent move towards using Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) to describe disorders in terms of observable behaviours rather than using specific diagnoses. Neuroeconomic games are an effective measure of social decision-making that can be adapted for use in neuroimaging, allowing investigation of the biological basis for behaviour. This review summarises findings of neuroeconomic gameplay studies in Axis 1 psychiatric disorders and advocates the use of these games as measures of the RDoC Affiliation and Attachment, Reward Responsiveness, Reward Learning and Reward Valuation constructs. Although research on neuroeconomic gameplay is in its infancy, consistencies have been observed across disorders, particularly in terms of impaired integration of social and cognitive information, avoidance of negative social interactions and reduced reward sensitivity, as well as a reduction in activity in brain regions associated with processing and responding to social information.
CO2 conversion to methane and biomass in obligate methylotrophic methanogens in marine sediments
Authors: Yin Xiuran , Wu Weichao , Maeke Mara , Richter-Heitmann Tim , Kulkarni Ajinkya C , Oni Oluwatobi E , Wendt Jenny , Elvert Marcus , Friedrich Michael W 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Methyl substrates are important compounds for methanogenesis in marine sediments but diversity and carbon utilization by methylotrophic methanogenic archaea have not been clarified. Here, we demonstrate that RNA-stable isotope probing (SIP) requires 13C-labeled bicarbonate as co-substrate for identification of methylotrophic methanogens in sediment samples of the Helgoland mud area, North Sea. Using lipid-SIP, we found that methylotrophic methanogens incorporate 60–86% of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) into lipids, and thus considerably more than what can be predicted from known metabolic pathways (~40% contribution). In slurry experiments amended with the marine methylotroph Methanococcoides methylutens, up to 12% of methane was produced from CO2, indicating that CO2-dependent methanogenesis is an alternative methanogenic pathway and suggesting that obligate methylotrophic methanogens grow in fact mixotrophically on methyl compounds and DIC. Although methane formation from methanol is the primary pathway of methanogenesis, the observed high DIC incorporation into lipids is likely linked to CO2-dependent methanogenesis, which was triggered when methane production rates were low. Since methylotrophic methanogenesis rates are much lower in marine sediments than under optimal conditions in pure culture, CO2 conversion to methane is an important but previously overlooked methanogenic process in sediments for methylotrophic methanogens.
Phase separations induced by a trapping potential in one-dimensional fermionic systems as a source of core-shell structures
Authors: Cichy Agnieszka , Kapcia Konrad Jerzy , Ptok Andrzej 
Published: April 2019

AbstractUltracold fermionic gases in optical lattices give a great opportunity for creating different types of novel states. One of them is phase separation induced by a trapping potential between different types of superfluid phases. The core-shell structures, occurring in systems with a trapping potential, are a good example of such separations. The types and the sequences of phases which emerge in such structures can depend on spin-imbalance, shape of the trap and on-site interaction strength. In this work, we investigate the properties of such structures within an attractive Fermi gas loaded in the optical lattice, in the presence of the trapping potential and their relations to the phase diagram of the homogeneous system. Moreover, we show how external and internal parameters of the system and parameters of the trap influence their properties. In particular, we show a possible occurrence of the core-shell structure in a system with a harmonic trap, containing the BCS and FFLO states. Additionally, we find a spatial separation of two superfuild states in the system, one in the BCS limit as well as the other one in the tightly bound local pairs (BEC) regime.
Mate choice and gene expression signatures associated with nutritional adaptation in the medfly (Ceratitis capitata)
Authors: Nash Will , Mohorianu Irina , Chapman Tracey 
Published: April 2019

AbstractEvolutionary responses to nutrition are key to understanding host shifts and the resulting potential for reproductive isolation. Experimental evolution has previously been used to describe the responses of the medfly (Ceratitis capitata) to larval diets with different nutritional properties. Within 30 generations this led to divergence in larval development time, egg to adult survival and adaptation in adult body size. Here we used mRNA-seq to identify differences in gene expression patterns in these same populations, using males from the 60thgeneration of nutritional selection. We validated differential expression by using qRT-PCR and found that genes linked to metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation and proteolysis were significantly over-represented among the differentially expressed genes. The results provide the first genome-wide survey of the putative mechanisms underpinning evolved responses to nutritional adaptation. In addition, we tested the hypothesis that nutritional adaptation can alter mating patterns. We found evidence for assortative mating by diet at generation 60, but not 90. Hence, the pattern was variable across generations and there was no evidence overall for any isolating mating divergence between the lines. Overall, the results provide insight into the mechanisms underpinning dietary adaptation and extend our knowledge of which traits represent core responses to nutritional selection.
The Structural Dynamics of Engineered β-Lactamases Vary Broadly on Three Timescales yet Sustain Native Function
Authors: Gobeil Sophie M. C. , Ebert Maximillian C. C. J. C. , Park Jaeok , Gagné Donald , Doucet Nicolas , Berghuis Albert M. , Pleiss Jürgen , Pelletier Joelle N. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the principles of protein dynamics will help guide engineering of protein function: altering protein motions may be a barrier to success or may be an enabling tool for protein engineering. The impact of dynamics on protein function is typically reported over a fraction of the full scope of motional timescales. If motional patterns vary significantly at different timescales, then only by monitoring motions broadly will we understand the impact of protein dynamics on engineering functional proteins. Using an integrative approach combining experimental and in silico methodologies, we elucidate protein dynamics over the entire span of fast to slow timescales (ps to ms) for a laboratory-engineered system composed of five interrelated β-lactamases: two natural homologs and three laboratory-recombined variants. Fast (ps-ns) and intermediate (ns-µs) dynamics were mostly conserved. However, slow motions (µs-ms) were few and conserved in the natural homologs yet were numerous and widely dispersed in their recombinants. Nonetheless, modified slow dynamics were functionally tolerated. Crystallographic B-factors from high-resolution X-ray structures were partly predictive of the conserved motions but not of the new slow motions captured in our solution studies. Our inspection of protein dynamics over a continuous range of timescales vividly illustrates the complexity of dynamic impacts of protein engineering as well as the functional tolerance of an engineered enzyme system to new slow motions.
Assessing neural responses towards objectified human targets and objects to identify processes of sexual objectification that go beyond the metaphor
Authors: Vaes Jeroen , Cristoforetti Giulia , Ruzzante Daniela , Cogoni Carlotta , Mazza Veronica 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectification – reducing a someone to a something – represents a powerful and potentially damaging way in which we can see and treat others. Women are often victims of processes of objectification that occur whenever a woman is reduced to her body or certain body parts. What remains unclear is the extent to which a woman becomes an object when objectified. Using the oddball paradigm in three experiments, participants’ neural activity was measured while they analyzed frequently presented male and female human stimuli and infrequently presented gender-matched doll-like objects. The infrequent doll-like objects were expected to trigger a late event-related neurophysiological response (P300) the more they were perceived different from the repeated, human stimuli (i.e., the oddball effect). In Experiment 1, the oddball effect was significantly smaller for objectified women compared to objectified men. Results of Experiment 2 confirmed that this effect was confined to objectified depictions of women. In Experiment 3, no semantic references to the human-object divide were provided, but objectified women were still perceived more similar to real objects. Taken together, these results are the first to demonstrate that the perception of women, when objectified, changes in essence beyond the metaphor.
Long-term trends, current status, and transitions of water quality in Chesapeake Bay
Authors: Harding Lawrence W. , Mallonee Michael E. , Perry Elgin S. , Miller W. David , Adolf Jason E. , Gallegos Charles L. , Paerl Hans W. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCoincident climatic and human effects strongly influence water-quality properties in estuarine-coastal ecosystems around the world. Time-series data for a number of ecosystems reveal high spatio-temporal variability superimposed on secular trends traceable to nutrient over-enrichment. In this paper, we present new analyses of long-term data for Chesapeake Bay directed at several goals: (1) to distinguish trends from spatio-temporal variability imposed by climatic effects; (2) to assess long-term trends of water-quality properties reflecting degradation and recovery; (3) to propose numerical water-quality criteria as targets for restoration; (4) to assess progress toward attainment of these targets. The bay has experienced multiple impairments associated with nutrient over-enrichment since World War II, e.g., low dissolved oxygen (DO), decreased water clarity, and harmful algal blooms (HAB). Anthropogenic eutrophication has been expressed as increased chlorophyll-a (chl-a) driven by accelerated nutrient loading from 1945 to 1980. Management intervention led to decreased loading thereafter, but deleterious symptoms of excess nutrients persist. Climatic effects exemplified by irregular “dry” and “wet” periods in the last 30+ years largely explain high inter-annual variability of water-quality properties, requiring adjustments to resolve long-term trends. Here, we extend these analyses at a finer temporal scale to six decades of chl-a, Secchi depth, and nitrite plus nitrate (NO2 + NO3) data to support trend analyses and the development of numerical water-quality criteria. The proposed criteria build on a conceptual model emphasizing the need to distinguish climatic and human effects in gauging progress to reverse eutrophication in estuarine-coastal ecosystems.
A fixation method for the optimisation of western blotting
Authors: Xu Jing , Sun Hebin , Huang Guoling , Liu Gang , Li Zhi , Yang Hui , Jin Lingling , Cui Xiaolin , Shi Lei , Ma Tonghui , Kameyama Akihiko , Dong Weijie 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWestern blotting is the most extensively used technique for the identification and characterisation of proteins and their expression levels. One of the major issues with this technique is the loss of proteins from the blotted membrane during the incubation and washing steps, which affects its sensitivity and reproducibility. Here, we have optimised the fixation conditions for immunoblotting and lectin blotting on electroblotted polyvinylidene difluoride and nitrocellulose membranes, using a combination of organic solvents and heating. Loss of proteins from polyvinylidene difluoride membranes was greatly reduced using this approach, the intensity of lectin blotting and immunoblotting was shown to increase 2.8- to 15-fold and 1.8- to 16-fold, respectively, compared with that samples without treated. Using the optimised method, cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator and hypoxia-inducible factor 1, two difficult-to-analyse proteins with important physiological and pathological roles, were effectively detected. Additionally, it may help the identification of novel diagnostic markers for prostate cancer.
Spatial analysis to assess the relationship between human and bovine brucellosis in South Korea, 2005–2010
Authors: Lim Jun-Sik , Min Kyung-Duk , Ryu Sukhyun , Hwang Seung-Sik , Cho Sung-Il 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe first case of human brucellosis in South Korea was reported in 2002, and cases of human infection continue to occur. Although an association between human and bovine brucellosis has been identified, the spatial relationship has not been studied in South Korea. Here, we analysed the spatial patterns of human and bovine brucellosis retrieved from the human and veterinary surveillance data, as well as the spatial correlation between human and bovine brucellosis and associated factors that contribute to its occurrence. The risk of human brucellosis was analysed using a Bayesian spatial model with potential risk factors. Our results show that, for both human and bovine brucellosis, hotspots were clustered in the southeast regions of Korea, whereas coldspots were clustered in the northwest regions of Korea. Our study suggests that the risk of human brucellosis increases in rural regions with the highest risk of bovine brucellosis. Collaborative strategies between human and veterinary health sectors (e.g, public health intervention and region-specific eradication programs for bovine brucellosis) would reduce the burden of brucellosis in South Korea.
Observation of η-Al41Sm5 reveals motif-aware structural evolution in Al-Sm alloys
Authors: Ye Z. , Meng F. , Zhang F. , Sun Y. , Yang L. , Zhou S. H. , Napolitano R. E. , Mendelev M. I. , Ott R. T. , Kramer M. J. , Wang C. Z. , Ho K. M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractUsing an effective genetic algorithm, we uncover the structure of a metastable Al41Sm5 phase that supplements its family sharing similar short-range orders. The phase evolves upon heating an amorphous Al-9.7 at.% Sm ribbon, produced by melt-spinning. The dynamical phase selection is discussed with respect to the structural connections between the short-range packing motifs in the amorphous precursor and those observed in the selected phases. The phase elucidated here is one of several newly discovered large-unit-cell phases found to form during devitrification from the glass in this binary system, further illustrating the power and efficiency of our approach, the important role of structural hierarchy in phase selection, and the richness of the metastable phase landscape accessible from the glassy structure.