bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aseptic Freeze-Dried versus Sterile Wet-Packaged Human Cadaveric Acellular Dermal Matrix in Immediate Tissue Expander Breast Reconstruction: A Propensity Score Analysis
Authors: Hanson Summer E. , Meaike Jesse D. , Selber Jesse C. , Liu Jun , Li Liang , Hassid Victor J. , Baumann Donald P. , Butler Charles E. , Garvey Patrick B. 
Published: April 2018

Background:
Although multiple acellular dermal matrix sources exist, it is unclear how its processing impacts complication rates. The authors compared complications between two preparations of human cadaveric acellular dermal matrix (freeze dried and ready-to-use) in immediate tissue expander breast reconstruction to analyze the effect of processing on complications.

Methods:
The authors retrospectively reviewed all alloplastic breast reconstructions with freeze-dried or ready-to-use human acellular dermal matrices between 2006 and 2016. The primary outcome measure was surgical-site occurrence defined as seroma, skin dehiscence, surgical-site infection, or reconstruction failure. The two groups were compared before and after propensity score matching.

Results:
The authors included 988 reconstructions (freeze-dried, 53.8 percent; ready-to-use, 46.2 percent). Analysis of 384 propensity score–matched pairs demonstrated a slightly higher rate of surgical-site occurrence (21.4 percent versus 16.7 percent; p = 0.10) and surgical-site infection (9.6 percent versus 7.8 percent; p = 0.13) in the freeze-dried group than in the ready-to-use group, but the difference was not significant. However, failure was significantly higher for the freeze-dried versus ready-to-use group (7.8 percent versus 4.4 percent; p = 0.050).

Conclusions:
This is the largest study comparing the outcomes of alloplastic breast reconstruction using human acellular dermal matrix materials prepared by different methods. The authors demonstrated higher early complications with aseptic, freeze-dried matrix than with sterile ready-to-use matrix; reconstructive failure was the only outcome to achieve statistical significance. The authors conclude that acellular dermal matrix preparation has an independent impact on patient outcomes in their comparison of one company’s product.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, III.
Pediatric Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fracture Repair: Location and Number of Fixation Sites in Growing Children
Authors: Luck J. D. , Lopez Joseph , Faateh Muhammad , Macmillan Alexandra , Yang Robin , Davidson Edward H. , Nam Arthur J. , Grant Michael P. , Tufaro Anthony P. , Redett Richard J. , Manson Paul N. , Dorafshar Amir H. 
Published: April 2018

Background:Relatively few reports have been published investigating the operative management of pediatric zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures. The purpose of this study was to assess pediatric zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture management and associated complications, and potentially describe a standard treatment paradigm for these cases.Methods:A retrospective cohort review was performed of all patients younger than 15 years presenting to a single institution with zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures from 1990 to 2010. Patient demographics, concomitant injuries, management details, and complications were recorded. Complications were compared among patients by dentition stage, number of fixation points, and identity of fixation sites.Results:A total of 36 patients with 44 unique zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures met the authors’ inclusion criteria. Thirty-two fractures exhibited at least 2.0 mm of diastasis along at least one buttress (73 percent), and all but one of these were managed operatively. Among operatively managed patients with deciduous dentition, two-point fixation was associated with a lower overall complication rate compared with one- and three-point fixation (0 percent versus 75 percent and 75 percent;p= 0.01). Furthermore, rigid plate-and-screw fixation at the zygomaticomaxillary buttress was not associated with an increased complication rate in operatively managed patients with deciduous dentition (40 percent versus 50 percent;p= 0.76).Conclusions:The authors’ results suggest that two-point fixation is an effective management strategy for repair of displaced zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures in children. In addition, rigid plate-and-screw fixation at the zygomaticomaxillary buttress in children with deciduous dentition appears to be safe and effective when performed.CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:Therapeutic, III.
Methodological Aspects for Preclinical Evaluation of Gadolinium Presence in Brain Tissue
Authors: Robert Philippe , Frenzel Thomas , Factor Cécile , Jost Gregor , Rasschaert Marlène , Schuetz Gunnar , Fretellier Nathalie , Boyken Janina , Idée Jean-Marc , Pietsch Hubertus 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are pharmaceuticals that have been approved for 30 years and used daily in millions of patients worldwide. Their clinical benefits are indisputable. Recently, unexpected long-term presence of Gd in the brain has been reported by numerous retrospective clinical studies and confirmed in preclinical models particularly after linear GBCA (L-GBCA) compared with macrocyclic GBCA (M-GBCA). Even if no clinical consequences of Gd presence in brain tissue has been demonstrated so far, in-depth investigations on potential toxicological consequences and the fate of Gd in the body remain crucial to potentially adapt the clinical use of GBCAs, as done during the nephrogenic systemic fibrosis crisis. Preclinical models are instrumental in the understanding of the mechanism of action as well as the potential safety consequences. However, such models may be associated with risks of biases, often related to the protocol design. Selection of adequate terminology is also crucial. This review of the literature intends to summarize and critically discuss the main methodological aspects for accurate design and translational character of preclinical studies.
Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen–Negative Metastases—A Potential Pitfall in Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen PET
Authors: Noto Benjamin , Auf der Springe Katharina , Huss Sebastian , Allkemper Thomas , Stegger Lars 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT was performed in a 74-year-old man because of biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer following radiation therapy of the prostate gland 24 months earlier. Besides focal nuclide accumulation in the prostate gland suggestive of local recurrence, PET scan revealed no further pathologic uptake. However, CT showed multiple pulmonic nodules suggestive of metastases. Thoracotomy and pathologic examination revealed the nodules to be prostate cancer metastasis. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining with PSMA antibodies demonstrated a virtual lack of PSMA expression. This case demonstrates the possibility of PSMA-negative metastases of prostate cancer an important pitfall that should be known to physicians interpreting PSMA PET.
Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia Caused by a Parotid Basal Cell Adenoma Detected by 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT
Authors: He Qiao , Xu Zeqing , Zhang Bing , Hu Wanming , Zhang Xiangsong 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Tumor-induced osteomalacia is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome, usually caused by small benign mesenchymal tumors. The tumors most arise within the extremities, whereas occurrence within the parotid gland is quite rare. A 54-year-old woman who presented with bone pain and muscle weakness for 2 years was clinically suspected of having tumor-induced osteomalacia. A 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT was performed for localization of the causative tumor. The images demonstrated intense radiotracer accumulation in a soft tissue nodule in deep lobe of the right parotid gland. Subsequent surgical resection and pathologic analysis confirmed the diagnosis of parotid basal cell adenoma.
FDG-PET/CT Focal Uptake on an Ocular Prosthesis
Authors: Repetto Alessandra , Igua Carolina , Sopena Pablo , Bello Pilar 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
We present a case of an unexpected focally increased radiotracer uptake in an artificial eye in an FDG-PET/CT scan that was performed on a woman with a history of choroidal melanoma. It is crucial to know the type of prosthesis used and the timing of replacement for a correct interpretation of the findings. Recently, an FDG PET/CT was proposed to monitor the vascularity of the prosthesis instead of gadolinium MRI or of 99mTc bone scintigraphy.
Lateral Recumbent or Prone Positioning for PET of the Urinary Bladder
Authors: ten Broek Marc R.J. , Ausems Peter J. , te Beek Erik T. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Evaluation of the urinary bladder on PET with 18F-FDG is hampered by accumulation of activity in the urinary bladder due to physiological excretion of 18F-FDG in urine. We present 2 examples that demonstrate the utility of delayed scanning in lateral recumbent or prone position to improve evaluation of the bladder by differentiating between active bladder wall lesions and intraluminal activity. Changing the body position from a supine to a lateral recumbent or prone position can result in migration of intraluminal activity due to gravitational force, whereas 18F-FDG uptake in bladder wall lesions will show no migration.
Bilateral Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to Adrenocorticotropic Hormone–Secreting Esthesioneuroblastoma on FDG PET and 111In-Pentetreotide Scintigraphy
Authors: Matsusaka Yohji , Nakahara Tadaki , Kurihara Isao , Iwabuchi Yu , Jinzaki Masahiro 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
A 53-year-old woman with metastatic esthesioneuroblastoma was referred for FDG PET/CT imaging. FDG PET/CT showed symmetrical uptake in bilaterally enlarged adrenal glands, in addition to abnormal uptake in bone and lymph node metastases. 111In-pentetreotide scintigraphy was further performed and revealed the lack of adrenal uptake. The patient's serum adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) level was extremely high, suggesting that hyperplastic condition in the adrenal glands due to ACTH stimulation from the metastatic esthesioneuroblastoma was responsible for increased FDG uptake. The combination of FDG PET and 111In-pentetreotide scintigraphy was useful for the pathophysiological evaluation of ACTH-secreting esthesioneuroblastoma.
Added Value of SPECT/CT in the Evaluation of Sacral Fracture in Patients With Lung Cancer
Authors: Zhao Zhen , Zhou Ke , Liu Bin 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
We describe the sacral fractures from 2 lung cancer patients that were confirmed by SPECT/CT. The utilization of SPECT/CT in lung cancer patients can help characterizing the nature of sacral lesions on planar bone scintigraphy.
Imaging of Metastatic Epithelioid Trophoblastic Tumor With 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Patel Tirth , Oldan Jorge 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Epithelioid trophoblastic tumors are exceptionally rare malignant forms of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia arising from the placenta. We present here a case of a 33-year-old woman with an epithelioid trophoblastic tumor with metastatic disease to the lungs that was initially thought to represent cervical carcinoma. After appropriate diagnosis and treatment, the tumor responded to therapy and was in remission. The cancer recurred 5 years later with new lung metastases. 18F-FDG PET/CT was used for initial tumor staging, to evaluate treatment response, and to help detect the recurrence.
Combined [18F]-Fluoroethylcholine PET/CT and 99mTc–Macroaggregated Albumin SPECT/CT Predict Survival in Patients With Intermediate-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Hartenbach Markus , Weber Stefan , Pilz Magdalena , Hartenbach Sabrina , Zacherl Mathias J. , Paprottka Philipp M. , Tiling Reinhold , Bartenstein Peter , Hacker Marcus , Haug Alexander R. , Albert Nathalie L. 
Published: April 2018

Aim
The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze the prognostic value of combined 99mTc–macroaggregated albumin (MAA) SPECT/CT and [18F]-fluoroethylcholine (FEC) PET/CT before radioembolization for survival of patients with intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods
Twenty-four patients with known hepatocellular carcinoma Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage B were eligible for this analysis. All patients were scheduled for radioembolization and received a pretherapeutic [18F]FEC PET/CT scan as well as 99mTc-MAA SPECT/CT for hepatopulmonary shunting. Laboratory and semiquantitative PET parameters and morphologic and metabolic (intersection) volumes of MAA and FEC were evaluated. Spearman correlation with overall survival, receiver operating curve analyses, univariate and multivariate Cox regression, and Kaplan-Meier-analysis was applied.

Results
All patients (5 female/19 male) are deceased within the observational period. Median survival was 395 days (±51 days; range, 23–1122 days). The percentage of hypervascularized metabolically active tumor volume (vascularized tumor ratio; defined as high MAA and FEC uptake) correlated significantly with survival. Vascularized tumor ratio was a significant predictor in univariate and multivariate analyses (P = 0.026; hazard ratio, 11.65; 95% confidence interval, 1.62–83.73; P = 0.015). Statistical significance was not reached by all other variables in multivariate analysis. Receiver operating curve analysis for 1-year survival revealed an area under the curve of 0.77 (P = 0.024) for vascularized tumor ratio. At a cutoff value of 9%, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative prediction were 83%, 67%, and 71% and 80% (P = 0.036). Patients with a higher tumor vascularization had a median survival of 274 ± 80 versus 585 ± 284 days (P = 0.015).

Conclusions
Hepatocellular carcinoma with high vascularization in metabolic active areas as assessed by combined FEC PET/CT and Tc-MAA SPECT/CT represents an unfavorable subgroup with reduced overall survival after radioembolization.
Pedunculated Hepatocellular Carcinoma Mimicking Right Adrenal Tumor on FDG PET/CT
Authors: Dong Aisheng , Zhong Xinping , Wang Yang 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Pedunculated hepatocellular carcinoma is an unusual form of hepatocellular carcinoma protruding from the liver with or without a pedicle. We present a case of pedunculated hepatocellular carcinoma misdiagnosed as right adrenal tumor on MRI and FDG PET/CT. Intraoperative exploration revealed the mass was attached to the liver, but the right adrenal gland was intact. Laparoscopic biopsy revealed poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma. This case indicates it may be difficult to diagnose pedunculated hepatocellular carcinoma because it is hard to define its origin on imaging. Elevated alpha-fetoprotein level and a history of viral hepatitis may be helpful for the diagnosis.
A Bizarre Bone Scan of Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva
Authors: Chuang Tzyy-Ling , Ho Kuo-Wei , Wang Yuh-Feng 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
A 27-year-old woman had progressive bony ankylosis over both hands since she was 5 years old. Bony ankylosing over the peripheral joints and spine slowly progressed, and scoliosis surgery was performed at age 14. Recently, she developed difficulty walking, changing position, and opening her mouth. A neurologist was consulted and ruled out the suspicion of narcolepsy. Chest CT showed ankylosing spondylitis. A bone scan showed a bizarre pattern with radiouptake to the left maxilla, bilateral sacroiliac joints, left middle third femur, and soft tissue uptake over bilateral arms, legs, and pelvis. Regional radiograph suggested fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva.
Loss of PSMA Expression in Non-neuroendocrine Dedifferentiated Acinar Prostate Cancer
Authors: Bronsert Peter , Reichel Kathrin , Ruf Juri 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The introduction of tracers targeting the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has revolutionized PET imaging of acinar prostate adenocarcinoma. In general, an increasing PSMA expression is assumed with increasing dedifferentiation. Whereas loss of PSMA expression has been reported in case of neuroendocrine dedifferentiation, we present a patient with acinar prostate adenocarcinoma with a loss of PSMA expression after chemotherapy on PET/CT and in histological and immunohistochemical analyses. All tissue samples indicated the retention of acinar features but no expression of neuroendocrine markers (NSE, synaptophysin, chromogranin, and CD56), corresponding to nonelevated serum NSE.
Unexpected Vesicoureteral Reflux Into a Nonfunctioning Transplant Kidney on Renal Scintigraphy
Authors: Cruz Adam , Wale Daniel J. , Wong Ka Kit , Arnkoff Brett M. , Viglianti Benjamin L. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Vesicoureteral reflux after renal transplantation is associated with increase risk of urinary tract infections, renal scarring, and graft failure. We describe a case of a 46-year-old woman with 2 transplant kidneys, one functioning and another nonfunctioning, presenting with pelvic pain after a bilateral periureteral bulking procedure. Diuretic renography was performed to exclude iatrogenic ureteral obstruction. This showed a normally functioning transplant kidney without obstruction and subsequent vesicoureteral reflux into the collecting system of the nonfunctioning transplant kidney. This inadvertent indirect nuclear cystogram illustrates an unusual imaging presentation of a common disease process requiring further treatment.
Scintigraphic and Sonographic Findings of Subcapsular Cortical Necrosis in a Transplanted Kidney
Authors: Yazici Bulent , Gunay Emrah , Akgün Aysegül , Sen Sait , Ozbek Suha Sureyya 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Renal transplant scintigraphy, performed in a 23-year-old man who had renal graft from a living donor, showed nearly normal perfusion and moderately low function of the graft. But the margins of the graft were blurred, and it was interestingly appearing enlarged late in the study. Ultrasound demonstrated a hypoechoic rim surrounding the whole kidney. Biopsy revealed necrosis besides normal cortical tissue. Necrosis was thought to be limited to the subcapsular cortical area. It should be considered that these scintigraphic findings could be due to greatly reduced and delayed perfusion of edematous subcapsular necrotic area of the graft even in normal perfusion images.
Mixed Epithelial and Stromal Tumor of the Kidney Mimicking Malignancy on 18F-FDG PET/CT in a Patient With Breast Cancer
Authors: Li Chongjiao , Tian Yueli , Shen Meijuan , Wen Bing , He Yong 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney (MESTK) is a rare renal tumor composed of solid and cystic components. Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney has no pathognomonic imaging feature. It is difficult to distinguish MESTK from other cystic renal neoplasms using current radiological methods. We report a rare case of MESTK that was diagnosed in a 46-year-old woman with breast cancer. 18F-FDG PET/CT and contrast-enhanced CT features of MESTK are presented, which could potentially provide useful information in the differential diagnoses of cystic renal neoplasms.
Peliosis Hepatis Simulating Metastatic Liver Disease on FDG PET/CT
Authors: Levin Daniel , Hod Nir , Anconina Reut , Ezroh Kazap Dina , Shaco-Levy Ruthy , Lantsberg Sophie 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
A 20-year-old man with gastrointestinal symptoms and weight loss underwent FDG PET/CT, which revealed multiple hypermetabolic hepatic lesions concerning for metastatic liver disease. The outcome of liver biopsy was consistent with the diagnosis of peliosis hepatis which is a rare benign disease characterized by multiple blood-filled cystic spaces in the hepatic parenchyma. The findings of peliosis on FDG PET/CT are not well reported in the literature. These interesting images emphasize the importance of including peliosis hepatis in the differential diagnosis of multiple hypermetabolic hepatic lesions on FDG PET/CT, which could simulate malignancy.
Top-Down Systematic Approach to Interpretation of FDG-PET for Dementia
Authors: Sawyer David M. , Kuo Phillip H. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Dementia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and encompasses a very heterogenous group of disease processes. Positron emission tomography (PET) of the brain using fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is a useful modality for differentiating types of dementia. Because FDG does not bind to pathologic proteins, FDG-PET requires that the reader recognize characteristic patterns of glucose hypometabolism to identify pathology. These patterns have been documented in the literature for both primary neurodegenerative disorders and secondary causes of dementia. This article presents an algorithm for organizing these findings and systematically applying them to interpret FDG-PET brain imaging for dementia.
A Smartphone Application to Reduce the Time to Automated External Defibrillator Delivery After a Witnessed Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Hatakeyama Toshihiro , Nishiyama Chika , Shimamoto Tomonari , Kiyohara Kosuke , Kiguchi Takeyuki , Chida Izumi , Izawa Junichi , Matsuyama Tasuku , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Kawamura Takashi , Iwami Taku 
Published: April 2018

Introduction
We developed a new smartphone application to deliver an automated external defibrillator (AED) to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest scene. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether an AED could be delivered earlier with or without an application in a simulated randomized controlled trial.

Methods
Participants, who were asked to work as bystanders, were randomly assigned to either an application group or control group and were asked to bring an AED in both groups. The bystanders in the application group sent a signal notification using the application to two responders, who were stationed within 200 meters of the arrest scene, to carry an AED. The primary outcome was the AED delivery time by either the bystander or his/her responder.

Results
In total, 61 bystanders were eligible and randomized to either the application group (32) or the control group (29). The 52 with time data were available and analyzed. The AED delivery time by either the bystander or his/her responder was significantly shorter in the application group than in the control group [133.6 (44.4) seconds vs. 202.2 (122.2) seconds, P = 0.01].

Conclusions
In this simulation-based trial, AED delivery time was shortened by our newly developed smartphone application for the bystander to ask nearby responders to find and bring an AED to the cardiac arrest scene (UMIN-Clinical Trials Registry 000016506).