bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Triggers and decision‐making patterns for receiving total knee arthroplasty among older adults with knee osteoarthritis: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Hsu Kuo‐Yao , Tsai Yun‐Fang , Yeh Wen‐Ling , Chen Dave W. , Chen Ching‐Yen , Wang Yi‐Wen 
Published: June 2018

Aims and objectivesTo explore triggers of and decision‐making patterns for older adults with knee osteoarthritis to receive total knee arthroplasty.BackgroundOlder adults with knee osteoarthritis pain are often reluctant to undergo total knee arthroplasty until their physical health and psychological health have deteriorated. This delay may lead to poor long‐term outcomes after the surgery. Thus, it is important to help these older adults decide to undergo total knee arthroplasty in an appropriate time frame.DesignA qualitative descriptive study.MethodsOlder adult outpatients scheduled to receive total knee arthroplasty within 1 month (N = 79) were recruited by convenience from two medical centres and one regional hospital in northern Taiwan. Data were collected in individual interviews using a semistructured guide and analysed by thematic analysis.ResultsThe main triggers for older adults to receive total knee arthroplasty were severe pain and inability to walk. We identified four decision‐making patterns for undergoing total knee arthroplasty: tried everything to relieve pain and surgery was the last choice; previously received total knee arthroplasty; perceived oneself as still young and wanted to enjoy life; and adjusted work characteristics, but in vain.ConclusionHealthcare providers of older patients with knee osteoarthritis must carefully assess their characteristics, especially age, occupation and previous total knee arthroplasty, to guide them in deciding to undergo total knee arthroplasty. Clinicians also need to provide appropriate information about osteoarthritis care, pain medications, total knee arthroplasty, the relationship between knee osteoarthritis pain and quality of life, as well as the relationship between preoperative status and postoperative long‐term outcomes for older adults to maintain their quality of life.Relevance to clinical practiceOur findings provide evidence for healthcare providers to offer information and support to their older adult patients with knee‐osteoarthritis pain who are deciding whether to undergo total knee arthroplasty.
“I don't think we've quite got there yet”: The experience of allyship for mental health consumer researchers
Authors: Happell Brenda , Scholz Brett , Gordon Sarah , Bocking Julia , Ellis Pete , Roper Cath , Liggins Jackie , Platania‐Phung Chris 
Published: June 2018

Accessible summaryWhat is known of the subject

Consumer participation in mental health services is an expectation articulated through mental health policy.

Consumers as researchers could contribute significantly to mental health services. Barriers to participation are significant and limit consumer involvement.

What the paper adds to existing knowledge

Enhanced understandings of collaborative relationships between consumer and nonconsumer researchers.

Researchers from the health disciplines find value in consumer involvement in mental health research.

These researchers can support and facilitate consumer research by being allies to consumer researchers.

What are the implications for practice

Understanding the role of allies is necessary to strengthen their capacity to support consumer researchers.

Involving consumers in mental health research is likely to lead to improved practice.

AbstractIntroductionAustralia and New Zealand mental health policy requires consumer participation in all aspects of mental health services. Systemic participation informs and improves the quality of mental health services. Collaboration with consumer researchers should be similarly required. Enhanced understandings of collaborations are needed.AimTo enhance understanding of the perspectives and experiences of nonconsumer researchers in working collaboratively with consumers as researchers.MethodThis qualitative exploratory study involved interviews with nonconsumer mental health researchers who have worked collaboratively with consumers in research. Interviews were conducted with participants from Australia and New Zealand.Results“Allyship” emerged as a major theme. This describes nonconsumer researchers playing an actively supportive role to facilitate opportunities for the development and growth of consumer research roles and activities. Seven subthemes were identified: establishing and supporting roles, corralling resources, guiding navigation of university systems, advocacy at multiple levels, aspiring to coproduction and consumer‐led research, extending connections and partnerships, and desire to do better.DiscussionAllyship may have an important role to play in the broader consumer research agenda and requires further consideration.Implications for practiceEmbedding meaningful consumer participation within mental health services requires active consumer involvement in research. Allies can play an important facilitative role.
The Role of Individual Factors in Friendship Formation: Considering Shyness, Self‐Esteem, Social Skills, and Defensive Pessimism
Authors: Shimizu Haruka , Nakashima Ken'ichiro , Morinaga Yasuko 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the effects of four individual factors (shyness, self‐esteem, social skills, and defensive pessimism) on the formation of friendships among undergraduate students. Freshmen (N = 93) completed a questionnaire assessing their shyness, self‐esteem, social skills, and level of defensive pessimism. Then, they answered questions about interpersonal indices (number of friends, satisfaction with friendships, their willingness to continue relationships, and their feelings of interpersonal friction). After 3 months, they completed a questionnaire about their anxiety state and behavior when talking with the people they had met since university admission. Moreover, they discussed the interpersonal indices they used in a pre‐questionnaire. Path analysis indicated that shyness directly leads to having fewer friends, whereas social skills lead to having more friends through extroversive behavior. Moreover, self‐esteem was positively related to an increase in the willingness to continue relationships, and reflection and pessimistic thinking (which is one component of defensive pessimism) led to a feeling of being fatigued from the effort of considering and respecting the reactions of others.
Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol and its metabolite florfenicol amine in crucian carp (Carassius auratus) at three temperatures after one single intramuscular injection
Authors: Yang Fan , Yang Fang , Kong Tao , Wang Guoyong , Bai Dongying , Liu Baobao 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe pharmacokinetic profiles of florfenicol (FF) or florfenicol amine (FFA) in crucian carp were compared at different water temperatures after single intramuscular administration of FF at 10 mg/kg bodyweight. The concentrations of FF and FFA were determined by a high‐performance liquid chromatography method, and then, the concentration versus time data were subjected to compartmental analysis using a one‐compartment open model. At the water temperatures of 10, 20, and 25°C, the peak concentrations (Cmaxs) of FF were 2.28, 2.29, and 2.34 μg/ml, respectively, while those of FFA were 0.42, 0.71, and 0.82 μg/ml, respectively. And the absorption half‐life (t1/2ka) of FF was 0.21, 0.19, and 0.21 hr, while the elimination half‐life (t1/2kel) was 31.66, 24.77, and 21.48 hr, respectively. For FFA, the formation half‐life (t1/2kf) was 3.85, 8.97, and 12.43 hr, while the t1/2kel was 58.34, 30.27, and 21.22 hr, respectively. The results presented here demonstrated that the water temperature had effects on the elimination of both FF and FFA and the formation of FFA. Based on the T > MIC values calculated here, to treat the infections of bacterial with MIC value ≤ 0.5 μg/ml, FF intramuscularly given at 10 mg/kg bodyweight with a 72‐hr interval is sufficient at the water temperature of 10°C, while the intervals of 60 and 48 hr were needed at 20 and 25°C, respectively. But to treat bacterial with higher MIC values, more FF or FF at 10 mg/kg BW but with shorter intervals should be intramuscularly given to the infected fish.
Recruitment drives successional changes in the community‐level leaf mass per area in a winter‐deciduous broad‐leaf forest
Authors: Suzuki Satoshi N. , Hirao Toshihide 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAimsLeaf mass per area (LMA) is an important functional trait that can be measured in order to position a species along the resource acquisition–conservation continuum. However, the function of LMA in terms of shade tolerance in deciduous species remains controversial; therefore, how the community‐level LMA composition changes during forest succession is not clear in forests dominated by deciduous trees. Herein, we examined how the community‐level LMA changes during succession in winter‐deciduous broad‐leaf forests using long‐term data of stem dynamics along a secondary successional chronosequence.LocationCool temperate forests, central Japan.MethodsWe used tree census data from 15 permanent plots with a stand age range of 17–81 years at the initial census, in which measurements were taken for 25 or 30 years at 5‐ or 10‐year intervals. Species‐specific LMAs were measured in the same geographic region.ResultsSpecies‐specific LMAs were negatively correlated with the estimated year in which the species was most abundant during the secondary succession, suggesting that species with low LMAs have high shade tolerance. Consistent with this, the CWM of LMA gradually decreased during secondary succession. We found that the recruitment of late successional species with low LMA, especially at mid‐successional stages, drove changes in the CWM of LMA, while mortality occurred irrespective of LMA.ConclusionOur results illustrate the detailed dynamic processes of the community‐level composition of LMA across succession and demonstrate that tree recruitment contributes to increase in the CWM of LMA during the secondary succession of winter‐deciduous broad‐leaf forests.
Time-Based Modeling of Ship Ballasting for Increased Performance
Authors: Fry Dominik 
Published: June 2018

Ship ballasting and de-ballasting are critical to a ship’s stability, and a major part of ship and port operations. Here, we examine the current procedures and potential issues that can arise when a quick turnaround in port is required. Through time-based modeling of the ship’s systems, new methods were used to analyze the feasibility of each scenario as well as ensure the systems were operating optimally. After rigorous testing, a new approach was developed to decrease time in port, increase system reliability/safety, and improve overall efficiency.
Paper published with permission.
Re-Classing Existing SAT Diving Systems
Authors: Totten Jess G. 
Published: June 2018

In the current low oil cost environment, dive contractors are exploring the possibility of reactivating existing systems rather than building new. In addition to classing ships and platforms, the American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) also classes saturation diving systems. In this paper, the Author describes the basic division of ABS into Engineering and Survey sides, and provides background on the ABS Underwater Rules and the ASME PVHO Standard. The author discusses obtaining a class certificate for a SAT system and then outlines the process for returning a previously classed system to class, and the process for classing an existing unclassed system.
Paper published with permission.
Surgically-Managed Supraventricular Tachycardia in a Division II Men’s Basketball Player
Authors: Holzberger Kelly L. , Keeley Kim , Donahue Martin 
Published: June 2018

During practice, a 25-year-old Division II men’s basketball player reported lightheadedness, blurry vision, and that his heart was “racing”. After his heart rate was recorded above 240 bpm on two occasions, the athlete was referred for further evaluation. An electrophysiologist diagnosed the patient with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). The condition was corrected using a catheter radiofrequency ablation and the athlete returned to play 5 weeks after his first presentation of signs and symptoms. The referral, diagnostic, treatment, and return-to-play processes demonstrated in this case represent the successful use of interprofessional practice to manage an athlete with SVT.
Effect of Vitamin D on Muscle Function and Injury in Elite Adolescent Dancers: A Randomized Double-Blind Study
Authors: Wyon Matthew A. , Wolman Roger , Kolokythas Nicolas , Sheriff Karen , Galloway Shaun , Mattiussi Adam 
Published: June 2018

Purpose:A number of studies have noted low levels of vitamin D in dancers, and this has been associated with increased risk of injuries and decreased muscle-strength indices. The aim of the present study was to examine whether vitamin D supplementation over a 4-mo period can improve muscle function and injury incidence.Methods:A total of 84 participants volunteered; exclusion criteria and dropout (19%) reduced the cohort to 67 participants (females = 29 and males = 38; 17–19 y). Participants were randomly assigned to either an intervention or placebo group (2∶1 ratio). All provided a venous blood sample before and after the 4-mo study period. The intervention group received 120,000 IU vitamin D to be taken over a 1-wk period, and the placebo group received the same number of inert pills. Participants completed a series of muscle function tests before and after the monitoring period. Injury incidence was recorded by the independent health team at the school.Results:Preintervention, 6% of the cohort were vitamin D deficient, 81% were insufficient, and 13% had sufficient levels; postintervention, 53% were insufficient and 47% were sufficient. The intervention group reported a significant increase in serum 25(OH)D3(57%;P < .00) and isometric strength (7.8%;P = .022) but not muscle power. There was a significant association between traumatic injury occurrence for the intervention and control groups (10.9% vs 31.8%;P < .02).Conclusion:Vitamin D supplementation decreased the numbers of deficient and insufficient participants in this cohort. The intervention group reported a small significant increase in muscle strength that was negatively associated with traumatic injury occurrence.
Effects of a Short Daytime Nap on Shooting and Sprint Performance in High-Level Adolescent Athletes
Authors: Suppiah Haresh T. , Low Chee Yong , Choong Gabriel , Chia Michael 
Published: June 2018

Purpose: To investigate the sport-specific performance effect of a brief afternoon nap on high-level Asian adolescent student-athletes who were habitually short sleepers. Methods: Participants were randomly assigned to a nap or nonnap (reading) condition. In the first study, 12 male shooters (13.8 [1.0] y) performed a shooting assessment (20 competition shots) with heart-rate variability monitored during the assessment. In the second study, 19 male track-and-field athletes (14.8 [1.1] y) performed a 20-m sprint-performance assessment. Subjective measures of sleepiness and alertness were obtained in both studies. Results: The brief nap had no effect on any measure of shooting performance (P > .05) or autonomic function (P > .05) in shooters. However, the fastest 20-m sprint times increased significantly (P < .05) from 3.385 (0.128) s to 3.411 (0.143) s, with mean 2-m times trending toward significance (P < .1) among the track-and-field athletes. No significant differences were observed in any other measures. Conclusions: The results of the research indicate varying effects of naps between sport-specific performance measures. Napping had no effect on shooting performance, whereas a negative effect existed in 20-m sprint performance, potentially due to sleep inertia. Considering these findings, some caution is warranted when advocating naps for adolescent athletes.
Tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the SE Mediterranean passive margin, offshore Egypt and Libya
Authors: Jagger Lydia J. , Bevan Tim G. , McClay Ken R. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

The regional tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the offshore SE Mediterranean passive margin is evaluated using detailed 2D seismic interpretations. New models for the development of the margin are proposed in the context of the break-up of northern Gondwana and the subsequent evolution of the southern Neotethys Ocean. The SE Mediterranean margin is segmented into distinct rift and transform-dominated tectonic domains as a consequence of multiple phases of rifting and continental break-up during the Middle Triassic–Middle Jurassic (
c.
240–170 Ma) and the Late Jurassic–Mid-Cretaceous (
c.
145–93 Ma), controlled by reactivation of pre-existing Pan-African basement fabrics and shear zones in varying regional stress fields. The pre-existing basement-involved extensional fault systems were repeatedly reactivated during major phases of inversion in the late Santonian–Maastrichtian (
c.
84–65 Ma) and Middle–Late Eocene (
c.
49–37 Ma) and episodes of mild inversion during the Oligocene–Early Pleistocene, as a consequence of the convergence of the African–Arabian and Eurasian plates and closure of the Neotethys oceans. The inversion history was fundamentally controlled by the structure and along-strike segmentation of the margin inherited from Neotethyan rifting.
High-pressure granulite from Jixian, Eastern Hebei, the North China Craton: implications for Neoarchean to early Paleoproterozoic collision tectonics
Authors: Wang Chao , Song Shuguang , Allen Mark B. , Su Li , Wei Chunjing 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Precambrian high-pressure (HP) granulites provide important information for reconstructing ancient continental nuclei. Here we report granulites in Eastern Hebei, North China Craton (NCC). They experienced three metamorphic events related to Neoarchean–early Paleoproterozoic orogenesis. The garnet–clinopyroxene granulite defines the M
1
event at
P–T
conditions of 11–13 kbar and 780–830°C, while the two-pyroxene granulite was produced during the M
2
event at 7–9 kbar and 850–950°C. Both the garnet–clinopyroxene and two-pyroxene granulites experienced amphibolite retrogression during the M
3
event at 5–7 kbar and 710–730°C. Geochemical compositions of these granulites exhibit affinity to island-arc andesites. Zircon U–Pb dating shows that their magmatic precursors were erupted at
c.
2538 Ma, and have experienced two-stage growth of zircon rims at
c.
2458 and
c.
2285 Ma, respectively. The
c.
2458 Ma age may represent orogenic events during the amalgamation of micro-continental blocks of the eastern NCC, and the
c.
2285 Ma age may be interpreted as the effect of late Paleoproterozoic magmatism. We suggest that the Neoarchean andesitic protoliths of the granulites were metamorphosed at HP granulite-facies conditions during collision of micro-continental blocks, and then exhumed to shallow levels. These early Paleoproterozoic HP granulites recorded the amalgamation of micro-continental blocks to reach the cratonization of the eastern NCC.
ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ОСНОВНИХ ІНТЕРАКТИВНИХ МЕТОДІВ НАВЧАННЯ В ПІДГОТОВЦІ ЛІКАРЯ-СПЕЦІАЛІСТА
Authors: Zhdan V. M. , Kitura Y. M. , Babanina M. Yu. , Tkachenko M. V. , Volchenko H. V. , Shylkina L. M. , Lebid V. H. 
Published: June 2018

Мета роботи – аналіз педагогічної ефективності впровадження інтерактивних технологій навчання в підготовці лікаря-інтерна з фаху “Загальна практика – сімейна медицина”.Основна частина. У статті наведені основні технології інтерактивного навчання, які використовуються на кафедрі сімейної медицини і терапії при підготовці лікаря-спеціаліста: мозковий штурм, дискусія, презентація, рольова гра. Показано особливості кожного із цих методів, їх переваги. Оцінка ефективності використаних педагогічних технологій проводилася наприкінці циклу “Внутрішні хвороби” шляхом проведення тестування за допомогою ліцензованої комп’ютерної програми “Elex” (пропонувалося 150 питань 2-3 рівня складності з відповідного фаху) і шляхом перевірки опанування практичних навичок згідно зі стандартизованими картами практичних навичок та підведення підсумків з анонімним анкетуванням.Показана ефективність використання окремих інтерактивних методів навчання в підготовці лікаря-спеціаліста.Висновки. Щоб досягти максимального засвоєння матеріалу, зробити заняття цікавим і динамічним, необхідно використовувати різні інтерактивні методи навчання, зокрема: мозковий штурм, дискусію, рольову гру, презентацію. Для ефективного застосування того чи іншого інтерактивного методу в підготовці лікаря-спеціаліста важливо бути обізнаним із різноманітними методами, усвідомлювати їх особливості, зважати на переваги та обмеження, а також враховувати рекомендації щодо їх використання, застосовувати інтерактивні методи відповідно до теми, мети і завдання заняття.
ПОДАННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЇ ПРО ПОБІЧНУ ДІЮ ЛІКАРСЬКИХ ЗАСОБІВ ПРИ ВИКЛАДАННІ ФАРМАКОЛОГІЇ
Authors: Posokhova K. A. , Oleshchuk O. M. , Shevchuk O. O. , Matiuk L. M. 
Published: June 2018

Мета роботи – обґрунтування важливості актуалізації інформації щодо частоти і спектра побічних реакцій лікарських засобів при викладанні фармакології.Основна частина. Для глибшого усвідомлення важливості регулярного моніторингу побічних реакцій/відсутності ефективності лікарських засобів як складової державної політики у сфері фармаконагляду під час вивчення фармакології студентів слід ознайомлювати зі спектром та частотою цих реакцій у конкретному регіоні, що сприятиме унаочненню теоретичного матеріалу та формуванню у майбутніх фахівців переконання про необхідність цієї діяльності для здійснення ефективної та безпечної фармакотерапії.Висновок. Усвідомлення студентами медичного, стоматологічного та фармацевтичного факультетів важливості здійснення фармаконагляду зростає при ілюстрації теоретичних знань інформацією про спектр побічних реакцій лікарських засобів, які реєструються у закладах охорони здоров’я даного регіону.
МЕДИЧНА ОСВІТА: ВІДПОВІДІ НА ВИКЛИКИ СУЧАСНОСТІ
Authors: Oleksina N. O. , Volosovets O. P. , Pyatnytskyi Yu. S. 
Published: June 2018

Мета роботи – обґрунтування важливості впровадження сучасних інноваційних педагогічних технологій, проблемно-­орієнтованого навчання, використання світового досвіду як складових реформування вищої медичної освіти з метою досягнення високого рівня професійної компетентності лікарів та провізорів.Основна частина. Висвітлюються базові принципи забезпечення якості медичної освіти в Україні, наголошується на необхідності розвитку загальних критеріїв, єдиних освітніх стандартів і методологій щодо забезпечення якості підготовки лікарів, що є необхідною умовою для визнання їхньої кваліфікації у галузі та світі, можливості конвергенції систем підготовки, взаємо­визнання освітніх рівнів та позиціонування лікаря відповідно до його компетентності та професійних навичок.Висновок. Запровадження сучасних підходів у вищій медичній освіті є нагальною вимогою часу, сприятиме конвергенції української вищої медичної освіти до європейських та американських освітніх систем, відповідатиме потребам галузі охорони здоров’я, що реформується, та, в кінцевому підсумку, сприятиме покращанню якості медичної допомоги населенню.
СУЧАСНІ ФОРМИ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ПІСЛЯДИПЛОМНОГО НАВЧАННЯ ТА БЕЗПЕРЕРВНОГО ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО РОЗВИТКУ МЕДИЧНИХ ПРАЦІВНИКІВ
Authors: Nykonenko O. S. , Shapoval S. D. , Dmytriyeva S. M. 
Published: June 2018

Мета роботи – висвітлити деякі аспекти із запровадження сучасних освітніх технологій та новітніх форм організації навчання у післядипломну підготовку і безперервний професійний розвиток лікарів.Основна частина. Наведено, що педагогічні інновації мають на меті оптимізацію навчання за принципом відповідності змісту навчання реальним умовам роботи лікаря. Представлено досвід із запровадження переривчатих курсів тематичного удосконалення та організації інтенсивного навчання лікарів з актуальних проблем сучасної медицини.Висновок. Необхідним є застосування різноманітних навчальних моделей на підставі досягнень медичної науки і практики відповідно до потреб медичної галузі та кожної цільової групи суб’єктів навчання.