bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polizeiarbeit mit psychisch belasteten Personen
Authors: Esteban Piñeiro , Skuza Krzysztof Michal , Ducommun Mira , Meyer Michaël 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungDas ethnographische Forschungsprojekt widmet sich dem polizeilichen Umgang mit psychisch belasteten Personen, der im Schweizer Kontext bisher kaum untersucht wurde. Die empirischen Befunde der vorliegenden internationalen Studien vermitteln ein unklares und ambivalentes Bild. Insbesondere wissen wir immer noch wenig darüber, wie solche Begegnungen vor Ort ablaufen und wie Polizist*innen Personen mit psychischen Belastungen in ihrer täglichen Arbeit wahrnehmen und bewerten. Die Rekonstruktion von Praktiken und Prozessen der Kategorisierung psychischer Belastungen in ihrem organisationalen Kontext ermöglicht neue Einblicke in diesen sensiblen und anspruchsvollen Aspekt moderner Polizeiarbeit.
Development and Validation of a Flow-Dependent Endothelialized 3D Model of Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease
Authors: Prochilo Grace , Li Chuanlong , Miliotou Eleni , Nakasone Russell , Pfeffer Alissa , Beaman Charles , Kaneko Naoki , Liebeskind David S. , Hinman Jason D. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) is a major cause of stroke globally, with mechanisms presumed to be shared with atherosclerosis in other vascular regions. Due to the scarcity of relevant animal models, testing biological hypotheses specific to ICAD is challenging. We developed a workflow to create patient-specific models of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) from neuroimaging studies, such as CT angiography. These models, which can be endothelialized with human endothelial cells and subjected to flow forces, provide a reproducible ICAD model. Using imaging from the SAMMPRIS clinical trial, we validated this novel model. Computational fluid dynamics flow velocities correlated strongly with particle-derived flow, regardless of stenosis degree. Post-stenotic flow disruption varied with stenosis severity. Single-cell RNA-seq identified flow-dependent endothelial gene expression and specific endothelial subclusters in diseased MCA segments, including upregulated genes linked to atherosclerosis. Confocal microscopy revealed flow-dependent changes in endothelial cell proliferation and morphology in vessel segments related to stenosis. This platform, rooted in the specific anatomy of cerebral circulation, enables detailed modeling of ICAD lesions and pathways. Given the high stroke risk associated with ICAD and the lack of effective treatments, these experimental models are crucial for developing new ICAD-related stroke therapies.
Mathematikspezifische Motivation im Lehramtsstudium – Operationalisierung und Bedeutung für Studienprozesse
Authors: Gildehaus Lara , Rach Stefanie , Liebendörfer Michael 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Viele Mathematiklehramtsstudierende berichten im ersten Studienjahr von Motivationsproblemen, die wahrscheinlich mit ungünstigen Studienprozessen einhergehen. Um diesen Zusammenhang aufzudecken, orientieren wir uns an bestehenden Differenzierungen von berufs- und fachbezogener Motivation im Rahmen der Expectancy-Value-Cost Theorie. Konkret untersuchen wir, ob berufs- und fachbezogene Wertüberzeugungen von Lehramtsstudierenden mathematikspezifisch operationalisiert werden können und welche Bedeutung im Studienprozess diese für Lehramtsstudiengänge haben. Aufbauend auf Vorarbeiten und bestehenden Studien zu verschiedenen Objekten der Motivation wurde dazu ein Fragebogen zu Wertüberzeugungen entwickelt. In einer Studie mit 270 Mathematikstudierenden des Sekundarstufen II-, I‑ und Primarstufen-Lehramtes konnte eine gute Passung zwischen dem theoretischen Modell der berufs- und fachbezogenen Wertüberzeugungen und den empirischen Daten festgestellt werden. Vor allem intrinsische Wertüberzeugungen in Bezug auf das Fach zeigen sich als relevant für Studienzufriedenheit, Abbruchneigung und Partizipation (in Form von Beweisnutzung und Abschreibeverhalten). Theoretische und praktische Implikationen zur Bedeutung spezifischer Motivationslagen im Lehramtsstudium Mathematik sowie gezielte Interventionsmöglichkeiten werden diskutiert.
Exploring the Association Between Sexual Agency and Intimate Relationship Violence Experienced and Perpetrated by Brazilian and Portuguese Women
Authors: Soster Andresa Pinho , Falcke Denise , Oliveira Alexandra 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Women’s vulnerability to violence in intimate relationships has been negatively associated with the development of sexual agency and is not considered just an individual responsibility in the face of a series of social and economic inequalities to which women are exposed. This study aims to verify the association between sexual agency and violence experienced and perpetrated in intimate relationships, as well as the predictive role of sexual agency on violence, and compare populations with economic, social, and educational differences.

Methods
A cross-sectional online survey was carried out in 2023 with 322 female university students—161 Brazilian and 161 Portuguese, aged between 18 and 29—using measures to verify sexual agency and different types of violence experienced and perpetrated by women in intimate relationships. The data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U-test, Spearman’s correlation coefficient, and multivariate linear regression analysis.

Results
Data showed Brazilian women having higher scores in all the variables of experienced and perpetrated violence. Sexual practices and refusal were negatively associated with violence experienced by Brazilian women. Refusal and pregnancy/STI prevention were negatively associated with violence experienced by Portuguese women.

Conclusions
The differences between groups can be attributed to the intersecting systems of oppression—such as gender, race, and social class—that amplify vulnerabilities and limit investments in protective policies for women, as well as in educational initiatives focused on violence prevention.

Policy Implications
Results suggest the development of violence prevention programs, comprehensive sexual education programs, and policies that focus on promoting women’s sexual agency.
Exploring the perceptions and experiences of older people on the use of digital technologies during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study
Authors: Tanhamira Lesley-Anne , Randhawa Gurch , Hewson David 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Physical inactivity is an ongoing problem throughout the lifespan. For older people, inactivity has a negative impact on wellbeing, which worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. Digital technologies can be employed to encourage uptake of social and physical activity through remotely delivered interventions to improve wellbeing, however, we need to understand older people’s perceptions and experiences of using digital technologies before implementing these interventions.

Aims
To explore the perceptions and experiences of older people on the use of digital technologies during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 community dwelling older people from Hertfordshire, United Kingdom who were all programme participants in a remotely delivered mind-body physical activity programme called Positive Movement. Interviews were conducted before programme participation. The audio recorded interviews were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis.

Results
Four themes emerged from the data. The perceived impact of COVID-19 on social contact, perceived impact of COVID-19 on mental wellbeing, using digital platforms for health or exercise and using digital platforms for social contact.

Discussion
Participants reported reduced social contact due to COVID-19. Most participants reported using digital technologies for social inclusion rather than health reasons, and there were mixed views on the willingness to use digital technologies for physical activity.

Conclusion
Digital technologies offered a lifeline during COVID-19 to maintain social contact and their use was found acceptable by older people. Digital platforms such as Zoom can be further employed to conduct remotely delivered interventions with the aim to increase uptake of social and physical activity interventions within this population.
Evaluation of Integrative Medicine in Residency-Psychiatry Curriculum
Authors: Villagomez Amelia , Dunne Rajan , Brooks Audrey J. , Chen Mei-Kuang , Ricker Mari , Kang Sophia , Ranjbar Noshene 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Objective
This study describes knowledge change, self-assessed confidence in providing integrative medicine approach, and respondents’ perspective on value and feasibility for the Integrative Medicine in Residency-Psychiatry (IMR-Psychiatry) curriculum, a 100-h elective offered during psychiatry training.

Methods
Residents/fellows completed pre-post Medical Knowledge tests and self-assessment instruments tracking self-rated confidence. Participants were also interviewed for feedback about their experience using a semi-structured design after completion of the program.

Results
Thirty-five of 37 (94.6%) participants completed all elective requirements. Items on the self-assessment instrument with the greatest positive pre-post change (p < 0.001) included ability to identify authoritative sources about botanicals (Cohen d = 2.15), effectively respond to patients’ questions regarding the use of herbs/supplements (Cohen d = 2.67), and interpret labels on nutraceuticals (Cohen d = 2.28). Mean score on the Medical Knowledge test (n = 30) increased from 64.7% correct at pretest to 81.6% at posttest. Responses tracking self-assessed confidence in providing an IM approach to address 18 common medical and psychiatric conditions all increased significantly pre to post (p < 0.001). Qualitative interviews provided important insights into challenges and recommendations for improvement, and all participants highly recommended the curriculum and found it feasible to complete during training.

Conclusion
The IMR-Psychiatry curriculum provides trainees skills that promote comprehensive person-centered care; as a tool to optimize patient care and safety while enhancing physician well-being, wider-spread incorporation of the curriculum into psychiatry residency programs would be beneficial.
Regulatory Impact Analysis and Litigation Risk
Authors: Carrigan Christopher , Ellig Jerry , Xie Zhoudan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper explores the role of microeconomic analysis in policy formulation by assessing how the regulatory impact analyses (RIAs) that federal regulatory agencies prepare for important proposed rules may affect outcomes when regulations are challenged in court. Conventional wisdom among economists and senior regulatory officials in federal agencies suggests that high-quality economic analysis can help a regulation survive such challenges, particularly when the agency explains how the analysis affected decisions. However, highlighting the economic analysis may also increase the risk a regulation could be overturned by inviting court scrutiny of the RIA. Using a dataset of economically significant, prescriptive regulations proposed between 2008 and 2013, we put these conjectures to the test, studying the relationships between the quality of the RIA accompanying each rule, the agency’s explanation of how the analysis influenced its rulemaking decisions, and whether the rule was overturned when challenged in court. The regression results suggest that higher-quality RIAs are associated with a lower likelihood that the associated rules are later invalidated by courts, provided that the agency explained how it used the RIA in its decisions. Similarly, when the agency described how the RIA was used, a poor-quality analysis appears to increase the likelihood that the regulation is overturned, perhaps because it invites a greater level of court scrutiny. In contrast, when the agency does not describe how the RIA was utilized, there is no correlation between the quality of analysis and the likelihood that the regulation will be invalidated.
The spin Brauer category
Authors: McNamara Peter J. , Savage Alistair 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We introduce a diagrammatic monoidal category, the spin Brauer category, that plays the same role for the spin and pin groups as the Brauer category does for the orthogonal groups. In particular, there is a full functor from the spin Brauer category to the category of finite-dimensional modules for the spin and pin groups. This functor becomes essentially surjective after passing to the Karoubi envelope, and its kernel is the tensor ideal of negligible morphisms. In this way, the spin Brauer category can be thought of as an interpolating category for the spin and pin groups. We also define an affine version of the spin Brauer category, which acts on categories of modules for the pin and spin groups via translation functors.
Host influence on life history traits of Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann in an arid region of Argentina
Authors: Rodriguez Claudia Cecilia , Jofré Barud Flavia , Gómez María Pía , Sayra Jaled , López María Liza 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe fruit fly Ceratitis capitata is a successful generalist due to the trade-off between different variables in its life history traits. The present study aimed to assess some life history traits of C. capitata recovered from peach, plum and fig, three key host species, under the climatic conditions of an irrigation oasis in the arid province of San Juan, Argentina. Pupal abundance, sex ratio and morphometric parameters such as pupal and adult weight, pupal volume, wingspan and head-caudal length were influenced by the host in which the larvae were reared. Sexual maturity, measured as the peak of calling (pheromone emission), was homogeneous on the sixth and seventh days after emergence, but males recovered from fig showed early calling activity on the third day after emergence. The plasticity of C. capitata to adapt its life history traits to specific nutrient variations within the larval environment allows it to colonise and establish populations where key hosts, as those studied here, are available. The knowledge of the interactions between host fruit trees and C. capitata populations provides helpful information for planning the management of local orchards and urban fruit plantations within irrigation oases, taking into consideration the concept of key hosts as peach and fig.
Predicting the body weight of crossbred Holstein × Zebu dairy cows using multivariate adaptive regression splines algorithm
Authors: Vázquez-Martínez Ignacio , Tirink Cem , Casanova-Lugo Fernando , Pozo-Leyva Dixan , Mota-Rojas Daniel , Kalmagambetov Murat Baitugelovich , Uskenov Rashit , Gülboy Ömer , Garcia-Herrera Ricardo A. , Chay-Canul Alfonso J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to estimate live body weight from body measurements for Holstein × Zebu dairy cows (n = 156) reared under conditions of humid tropics in Mexico using multivariate adaptive regression splines algorithm (MARS) with several train-test proportions. The body measurements included withers height, rump height, hip width, heart girth, body length and diagonal body length. The data were divided into 65:35, 70:30 and 80:20 split data for training and testing sets, respectively. The MARS algorithm was used to construct a prediction model, which predicted the body weight from the body measurements of the test dataset. The results emphasized that the MARS algorithm had an explanation rate for 80:20 train and test set of 0.836 and 0.711, respectively, with minimum Akaike information criterion values. This indicates that it is a reliable way of predicting body weight from body measurements. The results suggest that body weight prediction can be performed with the MARS algorithm in a reliable way, therefore, this algorithm may be a useful tool for animal breeders and researchers in the development of feeding and selection-aimed approaches.
Ecological relationships of Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann with other tick species on wildlife hosts at cow–calf farms implementing integrated pest management in eastern Tennessee
Authors: Butler Rebecca A. , Muller Lisa I. , Grove Dan , Trout Fryxell Rebecca T. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLonghorned tick (Haemaphysalis longicornis) is an invasive tick species that parasitizes a variety of vertebrate hosts and transmits pathogens affecting humans and livestock in the United States (US). Unfortunately, the behaviour of this tick at the wildlife–livestock interface is not well understood. To better understand how H. longicornis uses wildlife hosts and interacts with established tick species on farm settings we sampled small and medium wildlife seasonally for a year, using Sherman and Tomahawk traps, on three H. longicornis-infested cattle farms in eastern Tennessee. We confirmed that wildlife host body regions and coinfesting tick species were associated with the likelihood that H. longicornis would be present on a host. In addition, ticks were less likely to be present on hosts when farmer led integrated pest management strategies were adopted and the environment was modified to reduce tick populations. Results from this study can be used to target host species for on-animal management of H. longicornis by using population management strategies or acaricidal applications. Activity patterns for when established tick species, with similar predicted geographic ranges as H. longicornis, are feeding simultaneously on hosts can also be used to predict when this exotic tick species will be present. Finally, reducing tick abundance in the environment can be important for on-animal control. These results are imperative for understanding how wildlife hosts harbour H. longicornis and its interactions with established tick species. These findings are useful for selecting tick management strategies specific to H. longicornis and understanding pathogen transmission due to cofeeding.
The language of smoked fish: The production and circulation of meanings and values of ‘Bornholmian Food’
Authors: Karrebæk Martha Sif , Maegaard Marie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Recently, the Danish island of Bornholm has earned international fame for its food. In this article, we analyze how the meaning and value of the phenomenon of ‘Bornholmian food’ is transmitted and transformed through discursive processes, moving from the island to other locations. Through analysis of photos and audio-recordings from Bornholmian restaurants on Bornholm, in Copenhagen, and in Brooklyn, New York, we focus on recurring elements and noteworthy differences in the presentation of Bornholm, and we discuss how these depend on place and context. Thereby the circulation of ‘Bornholmian food’ is more than transmission of meaning and value; ‘Bornholmian food’ becomes different things in different locations. We suggest that although authenticity is made relevant, authentication is merely a starting point for processes of meaning production, notably when considering the reception of guests. In particular, nostalgia and exoticization make the relation to Bornholm meaningful to both producers and consumers. (Food, authentication, nostalgia, exotization, semiotic landscape analysis)
Predictors of mortality among older adults discharged to or readmitted from a skilled nursing facility
Authors: Garcia Mary Acelle , Mondragon Natalie , Taffet George , Agarwal Kathryn 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesPrevious studies have shown that patients who are readmitted to the hospital from a skilled nursing facility (SNF) have a higher mortality rate. The objective of this study is to determine factors associated with high mortality rate for older adults who require hospital readmission while on presumed short stay in SNF to trigger a goals-of-care discussion.MethodsRetrospective study of 847 patients aged 65 and above who were discharged from 1 large urban academic medical center to multiple SNF in 2019.ResultsCharts of 847 patients admitted to SNF after an acute hospital stay were reviewed; their overall 1-year mortality rate was 28.3%. The 1-year mortality rate among individuals readmitted to the hospital within 30 days of discharge to SNF was 50%, whereas for those who did not require readmission, the rate was 22%. For the most common diagnostic categories of nervous system, and musculoskeletal, patients with readmission to hospital within 30 days of discharge to SNF had a roughly threefold higher 1-year mortality rate. Worse frailty score on hospital readmission, poor nutrition, and weight loss were the most impactful individual factors carrying a higher degree of mortality of up to 83%.Significance of resultsHospital discharge to SNF and readmission from SNF within 30 days, further decline in functional status, and malnutrition characterize high-risk groups that should trigger care preference and prognostic discussions with patients as these events may be markers of vulnerability and are associated with high 1-year mortality rates.
Comparison of a diflufenican-containing premixture to current commercial standards for residual Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) and waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) control
Authors: Woolard Matthew C. , Norsworthy Jason K. , Roberts Trenton L. , Thrash Benjamin C. , Barber L. Tom , Sprague Christy L. , Avent Tristen H. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
With Palmer amaranth and waterhemp evolving resistance to nine and six different sites of action (SOAs) globally, soybean producers continue to search for new options to control these problematic weeds. Bayer CropScience has announced its intentions to launch a Convintro™ brand of herbicides, one being a three-way premixture for preemergence use in soybean. The premixture will contain diflufenican (WSSA Group 12), metribuzin (WSSA Group 5), and flufenacet (WSSA Group 15), adding a new SOA for soybean producers throughout the United States. With the anticipated launch of the premixture, research is needed to evaluate the length of residual control provided by the new herbicide. Research trials were conducted in Fayetteville and Keiser, AR, and Morrice, MI, in 2022 and 2023. A 0.17:0.35:0.48 ratio of a diflufenican:metribuzin:flufenacet (DFF)-containing premixture was applied alone and in combination with additional metribuzin and dicamba. Also, metribuzin, acetochlor, a S-metolachlor:metribuzin premixture, and a flumioxazin:pyroxasulfone:metribuzin premixture were applied preemergence. The DFF-containing premixture was more effective in reducing Palmer amaranth/waterhemp emergence than acetochlor in four of six trials at 28 d after treatment (DAT). Palmer amaranth and waterhemp densities in plots treated with the DFF-containing premixture exhibited similar results to plots treated with the S-metolachlor:metribuzin premixture and the flumioxazin:pyroxasulfone:metribuzin premixture at 28 DAT. By 56 DAT, Palmer amaranth and waterhemp densities were comparable or superior in plots with the DFF-containing premixture than in those treated with acetochlor and metribuzin, and the S-metolachlor:metribuzin premixture at five of six sites. The addition of dicamba or metribuzin to the DFF-containing premixture did not reduce Palmer amaranth or waterhemp density compared to the DFF-containing premixture at 28 or 56 DAT. Overall, the DFF-containing premixture generally provided greater or comparable control over several standard herbicides, providing growers a new product for preemergence control of Amaranthus species in soybean fields.