bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical Understanding of Transient Generation of Tire Lateral Force and Aligning Torque
Authors: Sarkisov Pavel , Prokop Günther , Kubenz Jan , Popov Sergey 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
Increasing vehicle performance requirements and virtualization of the development process require more understanding of the physical background of tire behavior, especially in transient rolling conditions with combined slip. The focus of this research is the physical description of the transient generation of tire lateral force and aligning torque. Apart from tire force and torque measurements, two further issues were investigated experimentally. Using acceleration measurement on the tire inner liner, it was observed that the contact patch shape of the rolling tire changes nonlinearly with slip angle and becomes asymmetric. Optical measurement outside and inside the tire has clarified that carcass lateral bending features both shear and rotation angle of its cross sections. A physical simulation model was developed that considers the observed effects. The model was qualitatively validated using not only tire force and torque responses but also deformation of the tire carcass. The model-based analysis explained which tire structural parameters are responsible for which criteria of tire performance. Change in the contact patch shape had a low impact on lateral force and aligning torque. Variation of carcass-bending behavior perceptibly influenced aligning torque generation.
OPTIMASI FORMULASI FLAKES BERBASIS TEPUNG UBI CILEMBU TEPUNG TAPIOKA SERTA TEPUNG KACANG HIJAU
Authors: Gozaly Thomas 
Published: April 2019

The purpose this research is to determine the best formulation of Flakes have as a base Cilembu sweet potato flour, tapioca flour,and green bean flour making using the Design Expert Application with Design D-optimal method. This research was done within two phases. The preliminary phase is was to determine starch and carotenoid in Cilembu sweet potato flour. The main this research is determine the best formulation of Flakes The respon in this research are chemical responses (including protein content, fat content, fyber content, and water content), physical response (including water absorption, and wrecked time), and sensory response (including color, aroma, flavor, and texture). The Flakes is made from Cilembu sweet potato flour, tapioca flour,and green bean flour. The application provides 11 formulations and made 1 formulations optimal, which Cilembu sweet potato flour 27,73%, tapioca flour 14,99%, and green bean flour 12,29%, sugar 14%, salt 1%, and water 30%. The responses results are 8,87% for protein content, 0,38% for fat content, 3,96% for crude fyber contect, 3,5% for water content, 141,03% for water absorption, 15 minutes wrecked time, 4,7 for color attribute before add milk, 5,33 for color attribute after add milk, 5,47 for flavor attribute after add milk, 5,27 for aroma attribute after add milk, 4,57 for flavor texture after add milk.
Mathematical Model Predicting the Heat and Power Dissipated in an Electro-Conductive Contact in a Hybrid Woven Fabric
Authors: Hertleer Carla , Meul Jeroen , De Mey Gilbert , Vasile Simona , Odhiambo Sheilla A. , Van Langenhove Lieva 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Electro-conductive (EC) yarns can be woven into a hybrid fabric to enable electrical current to flow through the fabric from one component A to another component B. These hybrid fabrics form the bases of woven e-textiles. However, at the crossing point of an EC yarn in warp and in weft direction, there is a contact resistance and thus generation of heat may occur in this area. Both phenomena are inseparable: if the contact resistance in the EC contact increases, the generated heat will increase as well. Predicting this electrical and thermal behavior of EC contacts in hybrid woven fabrics with stainless steel yarns is possible with a mathematical model based on the behavior of a metal oxide varistor (MOV). This paper will discuss in detail how this can be achieved.
Detection of antibiotic resistance and classical enterotoxin genes in coagulase -negative staphylococci isolated from poultry in Poland
Authors: Pyzik Ewelina , Marek Agnieszka , Stępień-Pyśniak Dagmara , Urban-Chmiel Renata , Jarosz Łukasz S. , Jagiełło-Podębska Izabella 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Introduction: The study sought to characterise antimicrobial resistance among coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS) species recovered from broiler chickens and turkeys in Poland including the presence of 12 antimicrobial resistance genes and five classical genes of staphylococcal enterotoxins. Material and Methods: A panel of 11 antimicrobial disks evaluated the phenotypic sensitivity of the tested strains to antibiotics. Five multiplex PCR assays were performed using primer pairs for specific detection of antibiotic resistance genes and staphylococcal enterotoxin A to E genes. Results: Selected antimicrobial agent susceptibility testing revealed 100% of such in in vitro conditions to cefoxitin among strains of Staphylococcus sciuri and S. chromogenes. The blaZ (for ß-lactam) and mecA (for methicillin resistance) genes were in 58.3% and 27.5% of strains, respectively. Among genes resistant to tetracyclines, tetK was most frequent. Fewer (CNS) strains showed genes resistant to macrolides, lincosamides, and florfenicol/chloramphenicol. Multiplex PCR for classical enterotoxins (A-E) detected the see gene in two S. hominis strains, while the seb gene producing enterotoxin B was found in one strain of S. epidermidis. Conclusion: CNS strains of Staphylococcus isolated from poultry were either phenotypically or genotypically multidrug resistant. Testing for the presence of the five classical enterotoxin genes showed that CNS strains, as in the case of S. aureus strains, can be a source of food intoxications.
Effects of tiletamine-xylazine-tramadol combination and its specific antagonist on AMPK in the brain of rats
Authors: Ma Ning , Li Xin , Wang Hong-bin , Gao Li , Xiao Jian-hua 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Introduction: Tiletamine-xylazine-tramadol (XFM) has few side effects and can provide good sedation and analgesia. Adenosine 5’-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) can attenuate trigeminal neuralgia. The study aimed to investigate the effects of XFM and its specific antagonist on AMPK in different regions of the brain. Material and Methods: A model of XFM in the rat was established. A total of 72 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three equally sized groups: XFM anaesthesia (M group), antagonist (W group), and XFM with antagonist interactive groups (MW group). Eighteen SD rats were in the control group and were injected intraperitoneally with saline (C group). The rats were sacrificed and the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, hippocampus, thalamus, and brain stem were immediately separated, in order to detect AMPKα mRNA expression by quantitative PCR. Results: XFM was able to increase the mRNA expression of AMPKα1 and AMPKα2 in all brain regions, and the antagonist caused the opposite effect, although the effects of XFM could not be completely reversed in some areas. Conclusion: XFM can influence the expression of AMPK in the central nervous system of the rat, which can provide a reference for the future development of anaesthetics for animals.
Breeding profiles at the periparturient stage in captive red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) mating naturally or subjected to artificial insemination in Japan
Authors: Yatu Minoru , Sato Mitsuhiro , Kobayashi Jin , Ichijyo Toshihiro , Satoh Hiroshi , Oikawa Toshinori , Sato Shigeru 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Introduction: Breeding profiles at the periparturient stage in red foxes which mated naturally or were subjected to artificial insemination were retrospectively surveyed using 130 vixens during their reproductive seasons of 2012–2017 in Japan. Material and Methods: Natural mating vixens were encouraged a maximum of three times with the same male, while artificial insemination was conducted using frozen-thawed semen with the bovine semen extender as a diluent. Results: With natural mating, conception rates after one, two, and three copulations were 55.8%, 68.0%, and 85.7%, respectively, showing a significant difference between the rates for one and three copulations. Conception rates with artificial insemination were 82.4%. Mean gestation periods were between 52.1 and 53.3 days in all groups. Mean litter sizes were 3.7–4.3 cubs with natural mating, and 4.4 cubs with artificial insemination. Although some sporadic and inconsistent changes in litter sizes were noted between primiparous and multiparous groups, these were of doubtful clinical importance. Conclusion: This is the first report from Japan concerning basic breeding events of red fox vixens in captivity.
The formal method in Germany and Russia: the beginnings of European psycholinguistics
Authors: Tchougounnikov Serge 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
German–Austrian psychology is a direct source of the European formalism movement both in the German context (Germany, Austria) as well as in Russia. This interest of the formalists in the corporeal component of linguistic and literary production has resulted in a particular research stream, which could be defined as a ‘linguo-somatic orientation’. In particular, this is the case of Alois Riegl’s [1] perceptive ‘tactile–optical’ method; Adolf von Hildebrand’s [2] architectonic conception; Konrad Fiedler’s [3] ‘sensorial aesthetics’; W. Wölfflin’s [4] ‘basic concepts’ of the art history, W. Worringer’s [5] psychological arts typology as well as Oskar Walzel’s sound-corporeal poetics elaborated during 1920 [6]. Within Russian formalism, psychological notions (such as ‘representation’, ‘sensation’, ‘apperception’, ‘series’, ‘clear and dark zones of consciousness’, ‘verbal gestures’ and ‘sound gestures’) are fundamental in nearly all the formalist conceptions (Viktor Šklovskij, Evgenij Polivanov, Lev Jakubinskij, Osip Brik, Boris Eixenbaum and Jurij Tynianov). This psychological background constitutes a rather heterogeneous constellation composed of psychological aesthetics and psychological linguistics of the second half of the 19th century. Independently of its intrinsic theoretical values, the formalist way of thinking about language and literature is based on the implicit dominance of psychology, which takes its sense only with respect to the German cognitive tradition, appropriated by the Geisteswissenschaften of this time. In this respect, European formalism participates in the large movement of psychologisation of the humanities. To this extent, the case of Russian formalism is really representative: it invites the rethinking of the genealogy of European structuralism in general. This accumulation of conceptual tools borrowed from the German psychological tradition also reveals a cognitive charge of the formalist theories. The latter constitute a conceptual link between the properly psychological past of the European Geisteswissenschaften and the ‘cognitive’ future of the actual research programmes. Beyond the borrowing of conceptual tools from the psychological trend, the formal method has found in psychology its inspiration for producing new models of analysis. This intrinsically cognitivist dimension of the formalist programme explains its late success during the 1950s–1960s, the period often and abusively called the period of the cognitivist revolution. In reality, it deals with the re-emergence of the research programme of the cognitivist sciences, rather exhaustively formulated by the German psychological tradition..
De Morgan’s laws and NEG-raising: a syntactic view
Authors: Krivochen Diego Gabriel 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we will motivate the application of specific rules of inference from the propositional calculus to natural language sentences. Specifically, we will analyse De Morgan’s laws, which pertain to the interaction of two central topics in syntactic research: negation and coordination. We will argue that the applicability of De Morgan’s laws to natural language structures can be derived from independently motivated operations of grammar and principles restricting the application of these operations. This has direct empirical consequences for the hypothesised relations between natural language and logic.
A shallow lake in an agricultural landscape – water quality, nutrient loads, future management
Authors: Dondajewska Renata , Gołdyn Ryszard , Messyasz Beata , Kowalczewska-Madura Katarzyna , Cerbin Sławek 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Qualitative analyses of nitrogen and phosphorus loads reaching the lake ecosystem provide a basis for pollution control, which is of paramount importance in shallow lakes due to the rapid turn-over of matter and energy. The studies of both external and internal loading were conducted in Lake Łeknenskie, a very shallow, through-flow lake situated in Western Poland. Strong eutrophication is manifested in rich rush vegetation and a lack of submerged macrophytes as well as nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations (max 13.04 mg N dm−3 and 0.32 mg P dm−3, respectively). Constant domination of cyanobacteria in the phytoplankton community was noted in almost all seasons with a 98% share in summer, resulting in 20 cm water transparency and 223 μg dm−3 of chlorophyll-a. The zooplankton community was dominated by rotifers. The main source of nutrients was the River Nielba. Spatial external nutrient loading was 1.93 g P m−2 yr−1 and 77.55 g N m−2 yr−1. An even higher load of phosphorus was released from the bottom sediments, 2.18 g P m−2 yr−1. A comprehensive action plan is required, aiming at the reduction of both external and internal nutrient loading. A series of solutions regarding local environmental conditions should be applied in the lake catchment, including biogeochemical barriers, denitrification walls, artificial retention basins or wetlands, but most of all – improvement in the functioning of the wastewater treatment plant. Restoration is possible, however, protection measures reducing external loading should be undertaken prior to phosphorus inactivation in the water column and in the bottom sediments, supported by biological methods e.g. biomanipulation.
Simulated nuclear contamination scenario, solid cancer risk assessment, and support to decision
Authors: Lima Sergio X. , Costa Karolina P. S. , Lima Zelmo R. , Rother Fagner C. , Araujo Olga M. O. , Vital Helio C. , Brum Tercio , Junior Wilson F. R. S. , Amorim Jose Carlos C. , Healy Matthew J. F. , Andrade Edson R. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The detonation of an (hypothetical) improvised nuclear device (IND) can generate atmospheric release of radioactive material in the form of particles and dust that ultimately contaminate the soil. In this study, the detonation of an IND in an urban area was simulated, and its effects on humans were determined. The risk of solid cancer development due to radiation was calculated by taking into account prompt radiation and whole-body exposure of individuals near the detonation site up to 10 km. The excess relative risk (ERR) of developing solid cancer was evaluated by using the mathematical relationships from the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (RERF) studies and those from the HotSpot code. The methodology consists of using output data obtained from simulations performed with the HotSpot health physics code plugging in such numbers into a specific given equation used by RERF to evaluate the resulting impact. Such a preliminary procedure is expected to facilitate the decision-making process significantly.
Radiation induced degradation of Congo red dye: a mechanistic study
Authors: Muneer Majid , Saeed Muhammad , Bhatti Ijaz Ahmad , Haq Atta-ul , Khosa Muhammad Kaleem , Jamal Muhammad Asghar , Ali Saddaqat 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Synthetic dyes are persistent pollutants with poor biodegradability. The present study is about the degradation of direct Congo red dye in aqueous media using the Co-60 gamma radiation source. The experimental conditions such as gamma-ray absorbed doses, amount of oxidant (H2O2) and pH conditions were evaluated. The λmax of dye solution was noted as 498 nm, and then, decrease in absorbance and reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) were examined. The complete colour removal of dye was observed at 5 kGy, while a significant COD removal was observed at 15 kGy gamma-ray absorbed dose in conjunction with oxidant for 50 mg/L concentration. It was found that pH has no influence on degradation efficiency. A possible degradation pathway was proposed. The radiolytic end products were monitored by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to explore the degradation mechanism. It was imperative to study the oxidative degradation pathway to provide directions for potential applicability of advanced oxidation process (AOP) in industrial wastewater treatment.
‘Zero energy’ electron beam technology for sludge hygienization
Authors: Chmielewski Andrzej G. , Sudlitz Marcin 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Large quantity of sewage sludge originating from wastewater treatment plants is becoming a growing problem from environmental and human health points of view. One of the ways to use sewage sludge is agricultural purpose due to its nutrients and organic matter content, but the condition is that it should be deprived of pathogenic bacteria and parasite egg contamination. Application of ionizing radiation to hygienize sewage sludge can make it appropriate for agricultural use. The process does not require addition of chemicals to sludge; it is environmentally friendly and effective in removal of biological threats. In the past, successful attempts of sewage sludge treatment using ionizing radiation were made. Pilot plants and commercial ones proved that pathogens can be easily removed from sewage sludge by ionizing radiation. The concept of ‘zero energy’ biogas plant is based on the construction of a complex system consisting of biogas plant and electron accelerator in the biofertilizer manufacturing line. Digestate originating from the methane fermentation of sewage sludge is irradiated to remove all pathogens using electron beam from an accelerator powered by electric energy obtained from burning biogas in a cogenerator. The product is a high-quality, biologically safe fertilizer.
Hydrophilic films based on starch and carboxymethyl starch
Authors: Wilpiszewska Katarzyna 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The hydrophilic films based on starch and carboxymethyl starch (CMS) were obtained using cast method. The effect of CMS content on the physicochemical properties of prepared films were evaluated. With increasing content of starch derivative the moisture absorption, solubility in water as well as swelling ratio increased. The highest values of mechanical parameters (tensile strength and Young’s modulus) were determined for the starch/CMS film containing the lowest CMS amount, i.e. 10 wt.% (1.1 MPa, 15 MPa, respectively). For the same system the lowest moisture absorption, solubility in water as well as swelling ratio were reported. Thus, it could be concluded that for this system the highest crosslinking density has been achieved, what was confirmed by DMTA results. Such a film could potentially find application in food or agricultural industry.
Gasto promedio en gasolina y diésel en México. Propuesta metodológica de un indicador de escala municipal para Xalapa, Veracruz
Authors: Gómez Kevin Michel 
Published: April 2019

Ante un contexto nacional de tendencias preocupantes de aumento en precios de venta de combustibles (gasolina y diésel) en la última década, acompañados de crecimiento poblacional y parque vehicular, en la presente investigación se analiza y propone la metodología de un indicador capaz de estimar los costos promedio y el gasto total en gasolina y diésel a nivel municipal para Xalapa, durante periodos cortos de tiempo para facilitar la consulta y utilidad inmediata de la información para cualquier ciudadano, identificando y georreferenciando las estaciones que brindan el menor costo mediante el uso de estadística oficial.Palabras clave: gasto; combustible; óptimo; indicador; municipal AbstractIn a national context of worrisome trends of increase in fuel sales prices (gasoline and diesel) in the last decade, accompanied by population growth, as well as vehicular park, in this investigation it is analyzed and proposed an indicator methodology capable of estimate the average costs and the total cost in gasoline and diesel at municipal level for Xalapa, for short periods of time to facilitate the consultation and immediate utility of the information for any citizen identifying and georeferencing stations that provide the lowest cost through the use of official statistics.Keywords: Cost; fuel; optimum; indicator; municipal
La situación educativa en Veracruz. Algunas consecuencias y alternativas para la empleabilidad en la era digital
Authors: Del Callejo Canal Diana , Canal Martínez Margarita , Guerra Osorno Irma Del Carmen 
Published: April 2019

El presente artículo aborda un breve análisis sobre la situación educativa en Veracruz en el marco de la era digital. Se analiza la trayectoria de ingreso y egreso de niños y jóvenes en la educación básica, media superior y superior. Asimismo, se presentan solo ciertos aspectos concernientes a la eficiencia terminal y su relación con el mercado laboral; igualmente se esbozan algunas posibles alternativas de solución para que los egresados adquieran las competencias idóneas para insertarse en los mercados laborales estatales, nacionales y/o internacionales. Palabras clave: Veracruz; educación pública escolarizada; eficiencia terminal; salarios, mercado laboral AbstractThis manuscript approaches a brief analysis of the Veracruz education in the digital era. We analyze the entry and exit track of children and young in basic, secondary and tertiary education. We present only a certain aspects concern to terminal efficiency and its relationship with the labor-market; we enunciate some possible alternatives for employability, in order to graduates can obtain the necessary skills for the state, national and international labor-market. Keywords: Veracruz; scholar public education; terminal efficiency; salaries, labor-market
A Density-Based Basis-Set Correction for Wave Function Theory
Authors: Loos Pierre-Francois , Pradines Barthelemy , Scemama Anthony , Toulouse Julien , Giner Emmanuel 
Published: April 2019

We report a universal density-based basis-set incom-pleteness correction that can be applied to any wavefunction method. The present correction, which ap-propriately vanishes in the complete basis set (CBS)limit, relies on short-range correlation density func-tionals (with multi-determinant reference) from range-separated density-functional theory (RS-DFT) to esti-mate the basis-set incompleteness error. Contrary toconventional RS-DFT schemes which require an ad hocrange-separation parameter μ, the key ingredient hereis a range-separation function μ(r) that automaticallyadapts to the spatial non-homogeneity of the basis-setincompleteness error. As illustrative examples, we show how this density-based correction allows us to obtain CCSD(T) atomization and correlation energies near the CBS limit for the G2 set of molecules with compact Gaussian basis sets.
FILOSOFIA DA EDUCAÇÃO BRASILEIRA, ORIGEM E IMPORTÂNCIA
Authors: Henning Leoni Maria Padilha , Maurano Laura Maria dos Santos 
Published: April 2019

Este artigo é fruto de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, pautada no pensamento reflexivo deweyano, que teve como objetivo encontrar subsídios teóricos para analisar a origem e a importância da Filosofia à Educação brasileira, enquanto atividade problematizadora voltada à mudança, devendo estar sempre vinculada à prática. Verificou-se que a Educação só passou a ser um problema para a Filosofia a partir da formação de professores com a implantação das escolas normais.