bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radioadapted Chicken Embryo Cells: Challenge Specificity and Alterations in Higher-Order DNA Structure
Authors: Tempel Karlheinz 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Radioadapted chicken embryo cells (X-irradiation in ovo with 10 cGy at the 14th day of development with priming periods of 24 h) were treated in vitro by challenge doses of 14 different DNA -and/or chromatin-interactive agents, including X-rays. A decrease in the cel­lular damage, as measured by scheduled DNA synthesis, was only observed with X-irradia­tion. Sedimentation of nucleoids as well as viscosity of alkaline lysates from ethidium bro­mide (0.35 - 400 (μg/ml)-, novobiocin (125 -1800 μg/ml)-, and hyperthermia (30 min at 43° and 45°)-treated cells suggest a higher tendency of radioadapted cells to undergo positive DNA supercoiling. When DNA from adapted and non-adapted chicken embryo cells was used as substrate, neither its digestion by DNase I nor the inhibition of DNase I activity by various DNA-interactive agents was changed in primed cells. From the previous investigations as well as from the present results it is concluded that an increase of tightening of protein-DNA interactions within the nuclear matrix is a molecular determinant of the elevated radiation resistance in radioadapted chicken embryo cells.
Latent Oxidative Stress Responses of Ozone-Fumigated Cucumber Plants Are Enhanced by Simultaneous Cold Exposures
Authors: Streb Peter , Schaub Hermann , Feierabend Jürgen 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L.) were grown under controlled conditions and fumigated with either O3, diluted automobile exhaust or a combination of both. The ratio of variable to maximum chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) was estimated as a measure of PSII activity Activities of the enzymes catalase, glutathione reductase and guaiacol-dependent peroxidase and contents of the antioxidants ascorbate and glutathione were assayed as potential indicators of oxidative stress. The behavior of catalase and of PSII are of particular diagnostic interest because they require continuous repair in light. Exposures of up to 13 days to moderate concentrations of the pollutant gases alone did not induce striking changes in any of the activities that were assayed. A lso when the plants were subjected to an additional stress treatment by exposing them to 4 short cold treatments (2h each at 0 - 4 °C in light on days 12-15 after sowing) which induced marked declines of the Fv/Fm ratio, the chlorophyll content and the catalase activity, these cold-induced symptoms of photodamage were not significantly enhanced by the fumigation treatments. However, increases of the activities of glutathione reductase and peroxidase observed during a period of recovery following the cold-exposures were markedly higher in O3-fumigated plants, as compared to plants grown in filtered air or fumigated with car exhaust alone. The results emphasize that effects of moderate pollutant exposures may be latent or delayed over long time periods and that defence responses can be enhanced when plants are exposed to additional, naturally occurring stress situations.
Direct Release of Ethylene from Methionine and Methionine Containing Peptides by Action of 13-Hydroperoxy-(9cis, 11trans)-octadecadienoic Acid
Authors: Scheick C. , Spiteller G. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
13-Hydroperoxy-9cis,12trans-octadecadienoic acid (13-LOOH) reacts with methionine and methionine-containing peptides in absence of any other reagent by slow release of ethylene. Ethylene was identified by mass spectrometry and quantified by gas chromatography. The amount of ethylene released in a certain time interval depends on the position of the methionine residue in the peptide chain. Highest rates of ethylene release were measured with peptides carrying methionine at the N-terminus. 13-Hydroperoxy-9cis,12trans-octadecadie-noic acid can be substituted by linoleic acid, lipoxigenase and oxygen. We assume that the instant formation of lipid peroxides after plant injury and the instant release of ′wound ethylene′ are related. Since the initiator tRNA in eucaryontic cells always carries a methionine, all newly produced proteins contain methionine at the N-terminal position and are therefore sensitive to oxidative damage by hydroperoxides of fatty acids.
A Particulate Guanylate Cyclase (EC 4.6.1.2) from Growing Yeast Cells {Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
Authors: Eckstein Hans , Schlobohm Heike 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The detection of cGMP in yeast (Eckstein 1988), but lacking hints at guanylate cyclase from sequencing of the yeast genome, raised questions about existence, isoform, and regula­tion of guanylate cyclase from this organism. We found a particulate guanylate cyclase activity in yeast extracts, exhibiting properties of an integral membrane protein. Characteristics are: pH-optimum at pH 6.8, temperature-optimum around 60 °C, only slight stimulation by Mn2+. Sigmoidal enzyme kinetics indicate allosteric regulation, ATP and Ca2+ act as negative allosteric effectors. The enzyme activity is increased by yeast alpha-1 mating factor, and by sodium nitrite, thus showing properties of particulate as well as of soluble isoforms from other eukaryotes. The activation by alpha-1 mating factor suggests receptor functions, and a role in ascospore conjugation.
Interaction of the Organochlorine Pesticide Dieldrin with Phospholipid Bilayers
Authors: Suwalsky M. , Benites M. , Villena F. , Aguilar F. , Sotomayor C. P. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Dieldrin is an organochlorine insecticide highly toxic for human beings. Although its exact mechanism of action is not well known, there is evidence that it acts at the cell membrane level. In fact, the lipophilicity of the pesticide as well as that of the phospholipid bilayer present in biological membranes makes the latter a most likely target for the interaction of dieldrin with living organisms. In order to evaluate its perturbing effect upon cell membranes the pesticide was made to interact with human erythrocytes and molecular models. These studies were performed by scanning electron microscopy on erythrocytes, fluorescence spectroscopy on dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) large unilamellar vesicles and X-ray diffraction on multilayers of dimirystoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and dimyristoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (DMPE). It was observed that dieldrin particularly interacted with DMPC liposomes and multilayers perturbing its molecular arrangements. However, no effect was noticed on erythrocytes, which might be due to its high cholesterol content.
Electric Field Interaction with Hydrocarbon Flames
Authors: Orlovskaya S. G. , Skoropado M. S. , Karimova F. F. , Chernyak V. Ya. , Vergun L. Yu. 
Published: July 2018

The problem of electric-field-assisted combustion for low-melting point hydrocarbons (paraffin wax, n-alkanes) attracts the attention of scientists in relation to the development of paraffin-based propellants. Our study is aimed at the detailed investigation of the dc electric field interaction with the flame of octadecane droplet. We have studied the melting and combustion of alkane particles in the electric field ranging from 33 kV/m to 117 kV/m. It is found that the melting rate decreases distinctly starting with the electric field strength E ∼ 80 kV/m. This effect is more pronounced at high gas temperatures (Ste >1), when the melting time is about a few seconds. So, the melting process slows down in the dc electric field. At the same time, the burning rate constant rises by more than 10 percents. The obtained results can be used to develop efficient and clean technologies of fossil fuels combustion.
Generalized Equidistant Chebyshev Polynomials and Alexander Knot Invariants
Authors: Pavlyuk A. M. 
Published: July 2018

We introduce the generalized equidistant Chebyshev polynomials T(k,h) of kind k of hyperkind h, where k, h are positive integers. They are obtained by a generalization of standard and monic Chebyshev polynomials of the first and second kinds. This generalization is fulfilled in two directions. The horizontal generalization is made by introducing hyperkind ℎ and expanding it to infinity. The vertical generalization proposes expanding kind k to infinity with the help of the method of equidistant coefficients. Some connections of these polynomials with the Alexander knot and link polynomial invariants are investigated.
Blood Pressure Thresholds and Mortality in Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Suttipongkaset Pratthana , Chaikittisilpa Nophanan , Vavilala Monica S. , Lele Abhijit V. , Watanitanon Arraya , Chandee Theerada , Krishnamoorthy Vijay 
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND:
Hypotension after pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with poor outcomes, but definitions of low systolic blood pressure (SBP) vary. Age- and sex-specific, percentile-based definitions of hypotension may help to better identify children at risk for poor outcomes compared with traditional thresholds recommended in pediatric trauma care.

METHODS:
Using the National Trauma Data Bank between 2007 and 2014, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of children with isolated severe TBI. We classified admission SBP into 5 percentile categories according to population-based values: (1) SBP less than the fifth percentile, (2) SBP in the fifth to 24th percentile, (3) SBP in the 25th to 74th percentile, (4) SBP in the 75th to 94th percentile, and (5) SBP ≥95th percentile. These definitions were compared with the American College of Surgeons (ACS) hypotension definition. The association between SBP percentiles and in-hospital mortality was analyzed by using multivariable Poisson regression models.

RESULTS:
There were 10 473 children with severe TBI included in this study. There were 2388 (22.8%) patients who died while in the hospital. Compared with SBP in the 75th to 94th percentile, mortality was higher with SBP less than the fifth percentile (relative risk [RR] 3.2; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.9–3.6), SBP in the fifth to 24th percentile (RR 2.3; 95% CI 2.0–2.7), and SBP in the 25th to 74th percentile (RR 1.4; 95% CI 1.2–1.6). An increased risk of mortality with SBP &lt;75th percentile was present across all age subgroups. SBP targets using the ACS hypotension definition were higher than the fifth percentile hypotension definition, but were lower than the 75th percentile hypotension definition.

CONCLUSIONS:
Admission SBP &lt;75th percentile was associated with a higher risk of in-hospital mortality after isolated severe TBI in children. SBP targets based on the 75th percentile were higher compared with traditional ACS targets. Percentile-based SBP targets should be considered in defining hypotension in pediatric TBI.
Değişik Eğimlerde Yürüyüş Esnasında Enerji Harcaması: Yöntemsel Karşılaştırma
Authors: ESATBEYOĞLU Ferhat , HAZIR Tahir , COŞKUN Betül , KÖSE Mehmet Gören , ATABEY Ceren İşıl 
Published: July 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı farklı eğimlerde sabit hızda yürüyüş esnasında
indirek kalorimetrik yöntem(İKY) ve giyilebilir teknoloji(SenseWear Armband
(SWA)) ile kestirilen enerji harcamasını
(EH) değerlendirmektir. Araştırmaya düzenli fiziksel aktivite yapmayan yaş
aralığı 25-51 olan 17 erkek ve kadın gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Katılımcıların
EH koşu bandında rastgele sıra ile -%10, %0, %5 ve %10 eğimlerde, 4.5 km.h-1
sabit hızda, 10 dakika yürüyüş esnasında oksijen tüketimi (VO2) ve
karbondioksit üretimi (VCO2) bir gaz analizörü (Quark b2,
İtalya) ile ölçülerek belirlenmiştir. Eş zamanlı olarak SWA(F1) ile EH kayıt
edilmiştir. VO2’nin kalorik eşdeğeri hem analiz sisteminden (Quark b2(F2))
hem de Weir’in formülü (F3) ile belirlenmiştir. Farklı yöntem ve eğimlerin EH
üzerine etkisi 3x4(Yöntem x Eğim), İKY
ve SWA’dan kestirilen MET cinsinden EH ise 2x4(Yöntem x Eğim) tekrarlı
ölçümlerde çift yönlü varyans analizi ile belirlenmiştir. Değişkenler arası
ilişkiler Pearson Korelasyon Katsayısı ile belirlenmiştir. Farklı eğimlerde sabit hızda yürüyüş esnasında kcal cinsinden
EH’nın saptanmasında kullanılan formüller (F1,F2,F3) arasında yüksek ilişki
olmakla beraber (r=0.630;1.00), anlamlı fark saptanmıştır (p&lt;0.01). F1’den kestirilen
EH, F2 ve F3’den (p&lt;0.01), F3’den ölçülen de F2’den yüksektir (p&lt;0.01).
EH üzerine Yöntem x Eğim etkileşimi de anlamlıdır (p&lt;0.01). Farklı eğimlerde
sabit hızda İKY ve SWA’dan kestirilen MET değerleri arasında da anlamlı fark
saptanmıştır (p&lt;0.01). MET cinsinden EH üzerine Yöntem x Eğim etkileşimi de anlamlıdır
(p&lt;0.01). İki yöntemden belirlenen MET değerleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki
saptanmamıştır (p&gt;0.05). Bu çalışmanın bulguları farklı eğimlerde sabit
hızda yürüyüş esnasında kcal ve MET cinsinden EH’nın değerlendirilmesinde
kullanılan yöntemlerin birbirinin yerine kullanılamayacağını ve sabit hızda
yürüyüş esnasında EH’nın eğime bağlı olarak değiştiğini göstermiştir.
Migren ve gerilim tipi baş ağrısı olan hastalarda psikosomatik tanı
Authors: SAYILGAN Nilüfer , GÜLEÇ Hüseyin , DOMAÇ Füsun Mayda 
Published: July 2018

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, baş ağrısının en sık iki nedeni olan gerilim tipi baş ağrısı (GTB) ve migren tipi baş ağrısı (MTB) tanılı hastalarda psikiyatrik yükü Ruhsal hastalıkların Tanısal ve Sayımsal El Kitabı (DSM) ve Psikosomatik Araştırmalar için Tanı Ölçütleri görüşmesi (DCPR) sınıflandırma sistemleriyle karşılaştırmak ve bu hastalara yaklaşımda katkı sağlayabilmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya Erenköy Ruh ve Sinir Hastalıkları Hastanesine başvurup Uluslararası Başağrısı Bozukluklarının Sınıflandırması (International Classification of Headache Disorders) (ICHD-II)’ye göre GTB ve MTB tanısı konmuş, gönüllülük esasına göre bilgilendirilmiş onam formunu imzalayıp rızası alınmış 100 hasta örneklem grubunu oluşturarak dahil edildi. Hastalara Bilgilendirilmiş onam formu, Veri toplama formu, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) Ölçeği, yapılandırılmış DCPR görüşmesi uygulandı. Bulgular: Çalışmamızda 100 baş ağrısı hastasına hem SCID hem de DCPR uygulandı. SCID görüşmesi sonrasında, MTB tanılı hastaların %35’inde, GTB tanılı hastalarının %42.5’unda psikiyatrik hastalık varlığı saptandı. SCID ile 38 hasta tanılandırılırken, DCPR ile 95 hasta tanılandırılmıştır. SCID ile tanı kon(a)mayan hastaların %93.5’ine (58 hastaya), SCID ile tanı konanların %97.4’üne (37 hastaya) DCPR ile tanı konmuştur. SCID ile tanı konabilmiş fakat DCPR ile tanı konamamış sadece 1 hasta (%2.6) bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Baş ağrılarında, DCPR sınıflandırma sistemi, DSM sınıflandırmasına göre daha fazla sayıda hastaya tanı koymaktadır.
Migren ve gerilim tipi baş ağrısı tanılı bireylerde psikiyatrik eştanı ve yaşam kalitesi ile ilişkisi: ön çalışma
Authors: SAYILGAN Nilüfer , DOMAÇ Füsun Mayda , GÜLEÇ Hüseyin 
Published: July 2018

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı başağrısı olan hastalardaki psikiyatrik yüke de dikkat çekerek yaşam kalitesinin ve işlevselliğin nasıl etkilendiğini araştırmaktır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Sağlık Bakanlığı Üniversitesi Erenköy Ruh ve Sinir Hastalıkları Hastanesi Nöroloji Kliniği Baş ağrısı Özel Dal Polikliniği’ne Uluslararası Başağrısı Bozukluklarının Sınıflandırması (International Classification of Headache Disorders) ICHD-II’ye göre migren ve gerilim tipi baş ağrısı tanısı konmuş ardı sıra 100 hasta örneklem grubunu oluşturarak çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastalara Veri Toplama Formu, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I Ölçeği) ve Short Form (Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği) (SF-36 ) uygulandı. Bulgular: Baş ağrısı hastalarının tümü değerlendirildiğinde %56’sında fiziksel hastalık, %94’ünde, özgeçmişinde psikiyatrik hastalık, %73’ünde ailede psikiyatrik hastalık saptandı. Migren hastaları ‘Geçen hafta içinde kaç gün kendinizi iyi hissettiniz?’ sorusunda ortalama 3.5±1.9 gün şeklinde yanıt verirken, gerilim tipi hastalar ortalama 3.5±1.7 gün yanıtını vermişlerdir. Migren hastaları şikayetleri sebebi ile ortalama 1.3±1.7 gün işe gitmezken, gerilim tipi hastaları ortalama 1±1.2 gün işe gitmemiştir.Sonuç: Başağrısı depresyon, anksiyete bozukluğu, analjezik kötüye kullanımı, kişilik bozuklukları ve bipolarite gibi komorbid psikiyatrik hastalıklarla sık birliktelik gösterir ve etkin psikiyatrik tedavi yapılmadığında ağrı kronikleşerek işlevsellik kaybına ve hayat kalitesinin düşmesine neden olur. Bu sebeple baş ağrısına yaklaşım multidisipliner olmalıdır.
A post marketing randomized placebo controlled study to evaluate the efficacy of study product UPLAT® (Carica papaya leaf extract + Tinospora cordifolia extract) in the cancer patients with thrombocytopenia induced by chemotherapy
Authors: Tiwari Rajeev , Mandal Deepak Kumar , Patel Jigar 
Published: July 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Thrombocytopenia refers to abnormal decrease in platelet count in an individual. The condition may rise at different grades of severity in cancer patients under chemotherapy. In most of the cases, thrombocytopenic condition of cancer patient becomes a major therapy limiting factor. Generally, the treatment of thrombocytopenia lies in dose reduction and/or dose delay but this may adversely affect the treatment plan of cancer. Therefore, managing chemotherapy induced thrombocytopenia is still a challenge. This study was conducted to examine the platelet count improving effect of marketed product UPLAT® (<em>Carica papaya</em> leaf extract + <em>Tinospora cordifolia</em> extract) in cancer patients with chemotherapy induced thrombocytopenia (CIT).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Fourty (40) subjects were recruited as ‘case’ and twenty (20) as ‘control’. ‘Cases’ were cancer patients with chemotherapy induced thrombocytopenia. UPLAT® containing following active ingredients; <em>Carica papaya</em> leaf extract: 350 mg (standardized to 2% flavonoids) and <em>Tinospora cardifolia</em> extract: 150 mg (standardized to 3% bitters) was given twice daily (2 units each) for 10 consecutive days. Platelet count was observed at baseline and day 15 (end of the study). Then pre and post-treatment platelet counts were compared individually in both arms by statistical tests. Response was evaluated in fourty (40) ‘cases’ and twenty ‘control’y.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Mean change for platelet count in case group (93990.00±63896.73) was much higher than control group (27600.00±29758.42). No adverse events with the treatment were observed.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study proves the effectiveness of platelet booster UPLAT® (combination of <em>Carica papaya</em> leaf extract and <em>Tinospora cordifolia</em>) as it significantly increased thrombocytes/platelet count in post-chemotherapy cancer patients.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
The outcome of implementing antimicrobial stewardship program for hospitalized children
Authors: El-Nawawy Ahmed A. , Wagdy Reham M. , Abou Ahmed Ahmed Kh. , Moustafa Marwa A. 
Published: July 2018

Background: An effective approach to improve antimicrobial use for hospitalized patients is an antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP). The present study aimed to implement ASP for inpatient children based on prospective-audit-with-feedback intervention in order to evaluate the impact on patient’s outcome, antimicrobial use, and the hospital cost.Methods: The study was conducted throughout 6 months over 275 children admitted with different infections at Main Children’s hospital in Alexandria included; group I (with ASP) and group II (standard antimicrobials as controls).Results: The study revealed that on patient’s admission, single antibiotic use was higher among the ASP group while double antimicrobial therapy was higher among the non-ASP with significant difference (p=0.001). Less percentage of patients who consumed vancomycin, meropenem amoxicillin-clavulanic and metronidazole was observed among ASP group with a significant difference of the last two drugs when compared to controls (p=<0.001, 0.011, respectively). The study reported the higher percent of improved ASP patient’s after 72 hours of admission with a significant difference to controls (73.2% versus 62.5%, p=0.038). Complications occurred more likely for the non-ASP group (odds ratio 7.374 with 95% CI 1.68-32.33). In general, there was a clear reduction of the patient antibiotic cost/day and overall cost per patient, however, it was not significant among the studied patients.Conclusions: Our local ASP model provided a high quality of care for hospitalized children and effectively reduced the antimicrobial consumption.
Male urethritis with or without discharge: a clinico aetiological study in Hi-tech Medical College and Hospital Bhubaneswar, Odisha
Authors: Dwari Binayak Chandra , Bhatt Mamata , Mishra Minati , Tripathy Nalinikanta , Sathpathy P. K. 
Published: July 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Urethritis or inflammation of the urethra is a multifactorial condition. Urethritis is called gonococcal urethritis (GU) when Neisseria gonorrhoeae is detected in urethral smear of the patient and nongonococcal urethritis (NGU) when this organism cannot be visualized.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Urethritis cases were identified from the dermatology OPD record. A retrospective analysis of data of patients diagnosed as GU and NGU for a period of 5 years (from August 2012-July 2017) was made. We have included only male patients more than 10 year.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Neisseria gonorrhoeae (61.42%) and Chlamydia trachomatis (45.9%) were the most common causative organism among urethritis and nongonococcal urethritis (NGU) respectively. Chlamydia urethritis had been confirmed by demonstrating ≥5 polymorphonuclear lymphocytes (PMNLs) from the anterior urethra using a Gram stained urethral smear. Acute condition (7-14 days) more common in GU. Dysuria and purulent urethral discharge (68.6%) was more common in GU. In urine specimen pus cells count were more than 10. The most common age group was 21-30 year (42.86%). Most patients were from low socio-economic status (62.85%). Sexual exposure was more common in unmarried patients (94.74%). Heterosexual exposure (93.75%) was more common. Urethritis was also associated with other infection in 18 patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Urethritis is inflammation of urethra which is manifested by dysuria with or without urethral discharge. Though there is increased incidence of Chlamydia infections, still now Gonococcal infection is the most common cause of urethritis.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>