bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antipsychotic use is inversely associated with gastric cancer risk: A nationwide population‐based nested case‐control study
Authors: Hsieh Yi‐Hsuan , Chan Hsiang‐Lin , Lin Chiao‐Fan , Liang Sophie Hsin‐Yi , Lu Mong‐Liang , McIntyre Roger S. , Lee Yena , Lin Tzu‐Chin , Chiu Wei‐Che , Chen Vincent Chin‐Hung 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe association between antipsychotic use and gastric cancer risk remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association between antipsychotic exposure and the incidence of gastric cancer.MethodsUsing a nested case‐control design, a total of 34 470 gastric cancer patients and 163 430 nongastric cancer controls were identified from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 2013. We analyzed the data using a conditional logistic regression model to adjust for possible confounding variables.ResultsAntipsychotic use was independently inversely associated with gastric cancer risk after controlling for potential confounding factors including income, urbanization, medications, physical and medical illness, aspirin use, nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug use and triple therapy. In addition, dose‐dependent trends against gastric cancer risk were also shown with individual antipsychotic compounds including thioridazine, haloperidol, sulpiride, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, amisulpride, and risperidone. A sensitivity analysis showed that second‐generation antipsychotics had significant dose‐dependent effects in reducing the risk of gastric cancer risk in patients with and without peptic ulcer disease.ConclusionsAntipsychotic use was inversely associated with gastric cancer risk, and dose‐dependent effects against gastric cancer were also seen with several individual antipsychotic compounds.
The effect of counselling programmes involving expressive activities with semi‐structured groups on self‐concealment levels of adolescents
Authors: Çalık Merve , Çelik Eyüp 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of counselling programmes based on expressive activities with semi‐structured groups, on the self‐concealment levels of adolescents. The research was carried out using a pretest–posttest control group design. The dependent variable of the present research, is the psychological counselling programme conducted with a semi‐structured group based on expressive activities. The research was carried out with 18 6th and 7th grade secondary school students (10 female and 8 male). The Self‐Concealment Scale was used as data collection tool. In this research, the use of nonparametric tests was preferred, as the sample was smaller than 30. Therefore, it was determined whether there is a statistically significant difference between the arithmetic means of the experimental and control groups’ pretest, posttest and trail test scores by use of Wilcoxon signed‐rank test, to determine the effects of a psychological counselling programme with semi‐structured group based on expressive activities. Also, it was determined whether there was a statistically significant relationship between the pretest, posttest and trail intervention scores received by the intervention and control group students from the Self‐Concealment Scale, using Mann–Whitney U test. The research results revealed that the “psychological counselling programme based on expressive activities with semi‐structured groups” was significantly effective in alleviation of self‐concealment levels, and this effect was also maintained in follow‐up evaluations. The obtained results are discussed in the light of related literature findings and recommendations are proposed accordingly.
MnIII Porphyrins: Catalytic Coupling of Epoxides with CO2 under Mild Conditions and Mechanistic Considerations
Authors: Milani Jorge L. S. , Meireles Alexandre M. , Bezerra Werberson A. , Martins Dayse. C. S. , Cangussu Danielle , das Chagas Rafael P. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA series of 5,10,15,20‐tetrakis(2,3‐dichlorophenyl)porphyrinate complexes of manganese(III) [MnIII(T2,3DCPP)X] with six different axial ligands (X=NO3−, AcO−, IO3−, Br−, Cl−, HO−) were investigated as catalysts in the cycloaddition reactions of CO2 and styrene oxide (SO), under mild conditions, i. e., atmospheric pressure and 60 °C. [MnIIIT(2,3DCPP)IO3] showed the best catalytic performance, selectively producing the respective cyclic carbonate from diverse epoxides using tetrabutylammonium bromide as a nucleophile source. Mechanistic considerations were inferred from electronic spectra and spectrophotometric titrations, showing that there are a series of equilibriums involved in the formation of the catalytic active species. Stability constants for the proposed equilibrium models were determined using SQUAD software. A catalytic cycle has been proposed based on those observations.
Modeling of Biomass Gasification in a Downdraft Gasifier with Integrated Tar Adsorption
Authors: Gradel Andy , Honke Robert , Wünning Joachim Alfred , Plessing Tobias , Jess Andreas 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThermal gasification of biomass is known for its capabilities in flexible and decentral power station applications for cogeneration. However, the product gas contains tar compounds adversely for a stable operation. Integrated tar adsorption in a subsequent cooled section is therefore an option to reduce the tar pollution. The char coal, used here as adsorption agent, is formed by biomass pyrolysis in the gasifier. A kinetic model is proposed, considering the kinetics of all main reactions as well as heat and mass transport phenomena. Results are presented for axial temperature profiles, gas compositions, and the gas purity at different air‐to‐fuel ratios. The resulting output mass flows could indicate a requirement on the adsorption capacity of at least 0.3 g g−1 for the activated char coal.
Electrochemical Technologies for Detecting and Degrading Benzoquinone Using Diamond Films
Authors: do Vale‐Júnior Edilson , dos Santos Alexsandro J. , da Silva Djalma R. , Fajardo Ana S. , Martínez‐Huitle Carlos A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this work, the detection and quantification of p‐benzoquinone (BQ) was performed by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) with a diamond film sensor. The calibration curve and the limits of detection and quantification for BQ were estimated. DPV was compared to high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, leading to a satisfactory result in terms of stability and sensitive response. As a novel aim, a combined electrochemical method for environmental application has been developed to oxidize and detect BQ using diamond films. A set of galvanostatic electrochemical oxidation experiments with 130 mL of BQ solution were accomplished in order to understand the effect of current density, the concentration of the pollutant and the initial pH using different electrolytes with similar conductivity. The optimal operating conditions were achieved at 33.3 mA cm−2, 100 mg L−1 of BQ at pH 5.0 with 50 mM Na2SO4. Additionally, the evolution of short‐chain carboxylic acids of that test was followed over time in order to suggest a possible degradation route. The results were described and discussed in the light of the existing literature.
Experimental and Computational Evaluation of Piperonylic Acid Derived Hydrazones Bearing Isatin Moieties as Dual Inhibitors of Cholinesterases and Monoamine Oxidases
Authors: Vishnu M. S. , Pavankumar V. , Kumar Sandeep , Raja A. Senthil 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA set of piperonylic acid derived hydrazones with variable isatin moieties was synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against the enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and monoamine oxidases A and B (MAO‐A/B). The results of in vitro studies revealed IC50 values in the micromolar range, with the majority of the compounds showing selectivity for the MAO‐B isoform. N‐[2‐Oxo‐1‐(prop‐2‐ynyl)indolin‐3‐ylidene]benzo[d][1,3]dioxole‐5‐carbohydrazide (3) was identified as a lead AChE inhibitor with IC50=0.052±0.006 μm. N‐[(3E)‐5‐chloro‐2‐oxo‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐indol‐3‐ylidene]‐2H‐1,3‐benzodioxole‐5‐carbohydrazide (2) was the lead MAO‐B inhibitor with IC50=0.034±0.007 μm, and showed 50 times greater selectivity for MAO‐B over MAO‐A. The kinetic studies revealed that compounds 2 and 3 displayed competitive and reversible inhibition of AChE and MAO‐B, respectively. The molecular docking studies revealed the significance of hydrophobic interactions in the active site pocket of the enzymes under investigation. Further optimization studies might lead to the development of potential neurotherapeutic agents.
Enhancement of the SrTiO3 Surface Reactivity by Exposure to Electric Fields
Authors: Klauke Kurt , Kayaalp Buğra , Biesuz Mattia , Iannaci Alessandro , Sglavo Vincenzo M. , D'Arienzo Massimiliano , Lee Siwon , Seo Jongsu , Jung WooChul , Mascotto Simone 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn the present work the effect of electric field assisted treatments, i. e. flash sintering, on the physicochemical properties and surface reactivity of SrTiO3 nanoparticles is investigated. The materials were prepared by a hydrothermal approach and consolidated at high temperatures by conventional and electric field assisted procedures. The exposure to an electric field from 300 to 900 V/cm allowed rapid consolidation with progressive reduction of the grain growth and the shrinkage of the specific surface area to 22% and 43%, respectively. XPS analyses evidenced increasing Sr segregation at the surface if voltage was applied during the treatment. The corresponding presence of Sr vacancies in the perovskite lattice was demonstrated by ESR spectroscopy. Both techniques pointed out the appearance of highly oxidative O− species in all ceramics. The materials reactivity was investigated by methane oxidation, chosen as model high temperature catalytic reaction. With respect to conventionally treated SrTiO3, the surface area normalized reaction rate significantly improved for the ceramics exposed to electric field, until a maximum of three times for the material treated at 900 V/cm. Such enhanced properties were ascribed to the larger extent of Sr enrichment and in particular to the correlated field‐induced defect structure perturbation.
Effect of Food on the Pharmacokinetics of 2 Formulations of DRL‐17822, a Novel Selective Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) Inhibitor, in Healthy Males
Authors: Kruithof Annelieke C. , Kumar Rajinder , Stevens Jasper , de Kam Marieke L. , Gautam Anirudh , Alikunju Shanavas , Padhi Bijay K. , Kulkarni Swati , Raghuvanshi Rajeev S. , Gandhi Rajesh , Burggraaf Jacobus , Kamerling Ingrid M.C. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDRL‐17822 is a novel selective cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitor that showed an increased exposure, including an increase of >20‐fold of maximum concentration and area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time zero to the time of the last quantifiable concentration, following a high‐fat breakfast using a nanocrystal formulation. To reduce this effect of food, we generated an amorphous solid dispersion formulation. In this study, we compared the food effect of both formulations of DRL‐17822 in a 2‐part randomized, open‐label, 4‐way crossover study involving healthy adult males 18‐45 years of age. In both parts of the study, 12 subjects received both formulations of DRL‐17822 in both the fasted and fed states; a low‐fat breakfast was provided in the first part and a high‐fat breakfast in the second part. Compared to the nanocrystal formulation, the amorphous solid dispersion formulation substantially increased DRL‐17822 exposure in the fasted state, including increased maximum concentration, area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time zero to the time of the last quantifiable concentration, and area under plasma concentration–time curve from time zero to infinity. Following a high‐fat breakfast, DRL‐17822 exposure was increased to a lesser extent in the amorphous solid dispersion formulation compared to the nanocrystal formulation (P < .001). Moreover, compared to the nanocrystal formulation the amorphous solid dispersion formulation caused a more pronounced increase in high‐density lipoprotein in the fasted state. Consuming breakfast increased the effect of DRL‐17822 on high‐density lipoprotein. Taken together, our results indicate that by improving its formulation, DRL‐17822 has a favorable exposure profile and therefore a more predictable food effect profile.
Sed‐Dedup: An efficient secure deduplication system with data modifications
Authors: Tian Wenlong , Li Ruixuan , Xu Cheng‐Zhong , Xu Zhiyong 
Published: June 2019

SummaryThe amount of outsourced data grows rapidly. In recent years, cloud service providers integrate data deduplication systems with convergent encryption (CE) methods, in which a file encryption key is determined by its own content instead of the secret of a specific user, to save the storage cost and ensure the security of outsourced data. However, present secure deduplication systems failed to deal with data modifications efficiently. We observe that when a client makes small changes on an existing file, the current chunking algorithms cannot effectively detect the similarities and always create chunks with largely overlapped contents. It reduces data deduplication ratios and results in unnecessary overhead. In this paper, we propose Sed‐Dedup, an efficient secure delta encoding deduplication system to address this problem. In Sed‐Dedup, we introduce a novel delta encoding approach to store modified contents in delta files and leave the original files intact. Two schemes with different encoding policies are designed. Both of them can solve the issue and improve the secure deduplication performance. To evaluate the performance, we implement a prototype and conduct extensive experiments based on synthetic and real‐world datasets. Our experimental results show that Sed‐Dedup is superior to the state‐of‐the‐art secure deduplication systems.
An International Laboratory Comparison Study of Volumetric and Gravimetric Hydrogen Adsorption Measurements
Authors: Hurst Katherine E. , Gennett Thomas , Adams Jesse , Allendorf Mark D. , Balderas‐Xicohténcatl Rafael , Bielewski Marek , Edwards Bryce , Espinal L. , Fultz Brent , Hirscher Michael , Hudson M. Sterlin L. , Hulvey Zeric , Latroche Michel , Liu Di‐Jia , Kapelewski Matthew , Napolitano Emilio , Perry Zachary T. , Purewal Justin , Stavila Vitalie , Veenstra Mike , White James L. , Yuan Yuping , Zhou Hong‐Cai , Zlotea Claudia , Parilla Philip 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn order to determine a material's hydrogen storage potential, capacity measurements must be robust, reproducible, and accurate. Commonly, research reports focus on the gravimetric capacity, and often times the volumetric capacity is not reported. Determining volumetric capacities is not as straight‐forward, especially for amorphous materials. This is the first study to compare measurement reproducibility across laboratories for excess and total volumetric hydrogen sorption capacities based on the packing volume. The use of consistent measurement protocols, common analysis, and figure of merits for reporting data in this study, enable the comparison of the results for two different materials. Importantly, the results show good agreement for excess gravimetric capacities amongst the laboratories. Irreproducibility for excess and total volumetric capacities is attributed to real differences in the measured packing volume of the material.
Induction of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Gene Expression in Embryonal Carcinoma Stem Cells Using a Natural Tissue‐Specific Inducer
Authors: Momendoust Nazila , Moshtaghian Jamal , Esmaeili Fariba , Dehghanian Fariba , Dumit Veronica 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA large number of studies have focused on the generation of dopaminergic neurons from pluripotent cells. Differentiation of stem cells into distinct cell types is influenced by tissue‐specific microenvironment. Since, central nervous system undergoes further development during postnatal life, in the present study neonatal rat brain tissue extract (NRBE) was applied to direct the differentiation of embryonal carcinoma stem cell line, P19 into dopaminergic (DA) phenotypes. Additionally, a neuroprotective drug, deprenyl was used alone or in combination with the extract. Results from morphological, immunofluorescence, and qPCR analyses showed that during a period of one to three weeks, a large percentage of stem cells were differentiated into neural cells. The results also indicated the greater effect of NRBE on the differentiation of the cells into tyrosine hydroxylase‐expressing cells. MS analysis of NRBE showed the enrichment of gene ontology terms related to cell differentiation and neurogenesis. Network analysis of the studied genes and some DA markers resulted in the suggestion of potential regulatory candidates such as AVP, ACHE, LHFPL5, and DLK1 genes. In conclusion, NRBE as a natural native inducer was apparently able to simulate the brain microenvironment and support neural differentiation of P19 cells.
Plant responses to nutrient addition experiments conducted in tropical forests
Authors: Wright S. Joseph 
Published: June 2019

AbstractI present a meta‐analysis of plant responses to 48 nutrient addition experiments conducted with native species in naturally growing tropical forests, exclusive of mangrove forests. The added nutrients include nitrogen (N) in 36 experiments, phosphorus (P) in 33 experiments, calcium and potassium in one experiment each, and various mixtures of essential nutrients in the remaining experiments. I evaluate the hypotheses that nutrients limit tropical forest plants, nutrient limitation is stronger in successional than in old‐growth forests, P but not N is limiting in lowland forests, and N is limiting in montane forests. Responses to the most complete nutrient mix used in each experiment were strong for plant functions that contribute to aboveground production (Hedges’ g averages 0.87) and nonsignificant for fine root biomass. Responses to N addition and to P addition were strong for tissue concentrations of the added element (Hedges’ g averages 0.75 and 1.4, respectively), moderate for fine litter production (0.64 and 0.65, respectively), moderate to weak for plant growth (0.46 and 0.37, respectively) and nonsignificant for fine root biomass. Growth responses were stronger in successional than in old‐growth forests. All responses were unrelated to elevation. The 48 experiments included 30 factorial nitrogen‐phosphorus experiments that enable additional direct tests of the widely cited hypotheses that P limitation is stronger than N limitation in lowland forests and vice versa in montane forests. Both hypotheses were rejected. The N × P interaction effect was nonsignificant across the factorial experiments. In conclusion, nutrients clearly limit tropical forest plants. Limitation by N is widespread in both lowland and montane forests, and the same is true for P. Single experiments identify limitation by calcium and potassium, and correlative studies suggest limitation by calcium, potassium, and magnesium. The available evidence is consistent with the possibility that most macronutrients limit tropical forest plants; however, experiments focus almost exclusively on N and P. The way forward will include taking fuller advantage of existing nutrient addition experiments, siting new experiments strategically, and developing cost‐effective methods to assay responses to all of the essential nutrients soils supply to plants.
Geographic variation in the intensity of warming and phenological mismatch between Arctic shorebirds and invertebrates
Authors: Kwon Eunbi , Weiser Emily L. , Lanctot Richard B. , Brown Stephen C. , Gates Heather R. , Gilchrist Grant , Kendall Steve J. , Lank David B. , Liebezeit Joseph R. , McKinnon Laura , Nol Erica , Payer David C. , Rausch Jennie , Rinella Daniel J. , Saalfeld Sarah T. , Senner Nathan R. , Smith Paul A. , Ward David , Wisseman Robert W. , Sandercock Brett K. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractResponses to climate change can vary across functional groups and trophic levels, leading to a temporal decoupling of trophic interactions or “phenological mismatches.” Despite a growing number of single‐species studies that identified phenological mismatches as a nearly universal consequence of climate change, we have a limited understanding of the spatial variation in the intensity of this phenomenon and what influences this variation. In this study, we tested for geographic patterns in phenological mismatches between six species of shorebirds and their invertebrate prey at 10 sites spread across ~13° latitude and ~84° longitude in the Arctic over three years. At each site, we quantified the phenological mismatch between shorebirds and their invertebrate prey at (1) an individual‐nest level, as the difference in days between the seasonal peak in food and the peak demand by chicks, and (2) a population level, as the overlapped area under fitted curves for total daily biomass of invertebrates and dates of the peak demand by chicks. We tested whether the intensity of past climatic change observed at each site corresponded with the extent of phenological mismatch and used structural equation modeling to test for causal relationships among (1) environmental factors, including geographic location and current climatic conditions, (2) the timing of invertebrate emergence and the breeding phenology of shorebirds, and (3) the phenological mismatch between the two trophic levels. The extent of phenological mismatch varied more among different sites than among different species within each site. A greater extent of phenological mismatch at both the individual‐nest and population levels coincided with changes in the timing of snowmelt as well as the potential dissociation of long‐term snow phenology from changes in temperature. The timing of snowmelt also affected the shape of the food and demand curves, which determined the extent of phenological mismatch at the population level. Finally, we found larger mismatches at more easterly longitudes, which may be affecting the population dynamics of shorebirds, as two of our study species show regional population declines in only the eastern part of their range. This suggests that phenological mismatches may be resulting in demographic consequences for Arctic‐nesting birds.