bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Particle Size Template Method for Controllable Synthesis of Nitrogen‐Doped Multilevel Porous Carbon as High‐Rate Zn‐Ion Hybrid Supercapacitor Cathode Materials
Authors: Gao Yanfeng , Jia Shaopei , Ma Xiaofei , Cao Yunfei , Huang Quan , Zhang Qian , Wang Yanjie , Song Meng , Wang Zhixin , Hu Haijiao , Chen Jingxuan , Mu Yunchao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAchieving high rate performance without compromising energy density has always been a critical objective for zinc‐ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs). The pore structure and surface properties of carbon cathode materials play a crucial role. We propose utilizing a hybrid particle size (20 and 40 nm) magnesium oxide templates to regulate the pore structure of nitrogen‐doped porous carbon derived from the soybean isolate. The multilevel pore structure enhanced ion transport efficiency while also improving the utilization of micropores. Nitrogen doping and oxygen‐containing functional groups enhanced the wettability of carbon materials with aqueous electrolytes and facilitated the chemisorption of Zn2+ on the carbon material surface. The nitrogen‐doped multilevel porous carbon material (HT‐NMPC‐1/1) prepared with a 1 : 1 mass ratio of the two templates exhibited a specific capacity of 146.65 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1. Moreover, the Swagelok cells assembled with HT‐NMPC‐1/1 and Zn foil achieved a high energy density of 121.5 W h kg−1, high power output of 166 W kg−1, and 93.09 % capacity retention after 8000 cycles at 2 A g−1. Therefore, HT‐NMPC‐1/1 is a highly promising candidate for ZHSCs cathode materials. Furthermore, the novel pore regulation strategy and straightforward preparation method offer valuable reference points for other porous carbon‐based functional materials.
Volatile Additive Assists Binary Layer‐by‐Layer Solution Processing Organic Solar Cells to Achieve 19% Efficiency
Authors: Cao Luye , Zhang Hengyuan , Du Xiaoyang , Li Xinrui , Lin Hui , Yang Gang , Zheng Caijun , Tao Silu 
Published: November 2024

Comprehensive SummaryLayer‐by‐layer (LbL) solution processing is an efficient method to realize high performance organic solar cells (OSCs). One of the drawbacks of the LbL‐processed active layer is the large difference in the crystallinity of the donor and acceptor, which will lead to imbalance charge transfer and result in unfavorable charge recombination. Herein, we combined a novel volatile additive 3,5‐dichloro‐2,4,6‐ trifluorobenzotrifluoride (DTBF) with the LbL method to realize high‐efficiency OSCs. DTBF interacts with the non‐fullerene acceptor BTP‐4F by non‐covalent bonding, which enhances the crystallinity and compact stacking of BTP‐4F. DTBF doped OSC has balanced and efficient electron transport properties, longer carrier lifetime, higher exciton dissociation and charge collection efficiencies, lower energetic disorder than the control OSC without any additives. Benefiting from the optimization of charge dynamics and micro‐morphology by DTBF, the binary LbL‐processed OSC achieved synergistic improvements in open‐circuit voltage, short‐circuit current density and fill factor. As a result, a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19% is realized for DTBF‐optimized OSC, which is superior to the control OSC (17.55%). This work demonstrates a promising approach to modulate active layer morphology and fabricate high performance OSCs.
PROTOCOL: Is the CEO/employee pay ratio related to firm performance in publicly traded companies?
Authors: Rousseau Denise M. , Velghe Cédric , Splenda Ryan , Kim Byeong Jo , Lee Jangbum 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOne goal of this systematic review is to assess whether the pay ratio, that is, the relative difference between the compensation a firm's CEO receives and that of its nonmanagerial employees, is related to subsequent firm performance. A second goal is to identify factors influencing this relationship across publicly traded firms, including the pay ratio's perceived fairness by employees, the firm's business strategy, and related factors.
The Grief Networks of Traumatic and Nontraumatic Deaths: Comparing Earthquake‐ and Illness‐Related Losses
Authors: Long Mengyuan , Gai Yihan , Li Jie , Li Mei , Shi Kan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTTraumatic death is a risk factor for prolonged grief. Network analysis offers a perspective for understanding traumatic bereavement at a symptom interaction level. This study estimates regularized partial correlation grief networks for bereavement due to earthquake (n = 818) and illness (n = 237), using symptoms from the Inventory of Complicated Grief (ICG) as the nodes. Difficulty in accepting death and loneliness were highly central nodes in both networks. Trust difficulties and longing for the deceased exhibited high centrality in the earthquake‐bereaved sample but not in the illness‐bereaved sample. The earthquake bereavement network was characterized by high connectivity and a diversity of central symptoms. These results provide insights into understanding the severity of grief after a traumatic loss. Although promoting the integration of the reality of loss and alleviating loneliness is important, it might also be worth considering the role of post‐loss interpersonal trust and the distress associated with longing for the deceased for traumatic bereavement.
Blended CBT Intervention vs. a Guided Web‐Based Intervention for Postpartum Depression: Results From a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Branquinho Mariana , Canavarro Maria Cristina , Fonseca Ana 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesThis pilot randomized controlled trial evaluated the acceptability and preliminary effectiveness of a blended cognitive behavioural intervention—combination of a web‐based program and sessions with a psychologist (intervention group)—compared to a guided web‐based intervention (active control group) for the treatment of postpartum depression.MethodsAdult Portuguese women in the postpartum period (up to 12 months) presenting clinically relevant depressive symptoms were considered eligible. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 17) or the control group (n = 17) and completed self‐report questionnaires at baseline, post‐intervention and at 3‐month follow‐up.ResultsIn both arms, dropout rates were low, and participants considered the treatment acceptable and useful. Mixed ANOVAs revealed a significant reduction in depressive symptoms and improvements in secondary outcomes (anxiety, negative thoughts, emotion regulation, self‐compassion and psychological flexibility) from baseline to post‐intervention in both groups. No time × group interactions were found. A significant clinical change in depressive symptoms was observed in more than 80% of the participants in both groups. Significant associations were observed among therapeutic alliance and depressive symptoms.ConclusionsThe results of our study support the acceptability, usability and preliminary effects on postpartum depression of both interventions and highlight the important role of therapist support in blended and guided web‐based interventions.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04441879
Impulsiveness in Substance Users: Metacognitive Beliefs and Repetitive Negative Thinking as Potential Maintenance Factors
Authors: Mansueto Giovanni , Palmieri Sara , Caselli Gabriele , Spada Marcantonio M. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionUsing the self‐regulatory executive function model as a basis, this study explored whether, among substance users, metacognitive beliefs and repetitive negative thinking were associated with impulsiveness.MethodsA total of 100 substance users were recruited. Impulsiveness, metacognitive beliefs, rumination and worry were assessed. Correlation and hierarchal regression analyses were run.ResultsBeliefs about the need to control thoughts, lower cognitive self‐consciousness and brooding rumination were found to be independent predictors of the total score on impulsiveness in the hierarchical regression analysis. Further regression analyses indicated that motor impulsiveness was predicted by a combination of beliefs about the need to control thoughts and brooding rumination, while non‐planning impulsiveness was predicted by beliefs about the need to control thoughts and lower cognitive self‐consciousness.ConclusionAmong substance users, higher impulsiveness is associated with the tendency to endorse beliefs about the need to control thoughts and brooding rumination. Among substance users, beliefs about the need to control thoughts and brooding rumination (and potentially cognitive self‐consciousness) could be a suitable therapeutic targets to mitigate particularly motor impulsiveness and non‐planning impulsiveness.
Anticholinergic Burden and Dry Mouth Problems Among Older Adults (≥ 50 Years) Receiving Dental Care—A Retrospective, Cross‐Sectional Analysis
Authors: Schoppmeier Christoph Matthias , Deeg Isabel , Wicht Michael Jochen , Barbe Anna Greta 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesAnticholinergics cause dry mouth and are highly relevant for dentists, but little is known about the relationships between intake and the occurrence of subjective and objective dry mouth with age. The German anticholinergic burden score (GACB) is a novel anticholinergic score that re‐evaluates medications, particularly, those with classification discrepancies.Material and MethodsWe retrospectively investigated the GACB in older patients receiving dental care, evaluated whether GACB is related to xerostomia and unstimulated salivary secretion, and determined the influence of increasing age (beginning at 50 years of age). The GACB score quantified cumulative anticholinergic effects: 0 for no effect, 1 for possible, 2 for moderate, and 3 for strong. Cross‐sectional data in patients ≥ 50 years were collected, including xerostomia with the visual analog scale, unstimulated salivary flow rates, and the GACB scores.ResultsAmong 172 patients (mean age 65.67 ± 9.51 years), 23.8% had a GACB score ≥ 1. A moderate negative correlation was observed between GACB and unstimulated salivary flow rates ( = −0.51). Patients with GACB ≥ 1 had fewer teeth (mean 21.76 ± 5.41) than those with GACB = 0 (24.07 ± 5.57). Moreover, unstimulated hyposalivation was observed in 61.0% with GACB ≥ 1 versus 6.8% with GACB = 0 (p < 0.001). Escalating chronic systemic conditions and prescribed medications were recorded with increasing age; those aged 76–80 years had the highest burden.ConclusionsThe GACB quickly and reliably assesses anticholinergic exposure and risks for oral health in older patients. Routine use in those aged ≥ 50 years could enable early identification of risks and initiation of preventive dental measures.Trial RegistrationGerman Registry for Clinical Trials: DRKS00032877 (https://www.germanctr.de; date of registration: 17.10.2023).
Experimental Periodontitis Increases Anxious Behavior and Worsens Cognitive Aspects and Systemic Oxidative Stress in Wistar Rats
Authors: de Castro Giselle B. , Pereira Ramona R. S. , Diniz e Magalhães Caíque O. , Costa Karine B. , Vieira Etel R. , Cassilhas Ricardo C. , Sampaio Kinulpe H. , Machado Alan R. T. , Carvalho Jaqueline do Carmo L. , Murata Ramiro M. , Pereira Luciano J. , Dias‐Peixoto Marco F. , Andrade Eric F. , Pardi Vanessa 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesPeriodontitis (PD) has the potential to induce systemic changes that affect both physical and behavioral aspects. These alterations may be associated with changes in both the inflammatory profile and the oxidative stress status of individuals with PD. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effects of PD on oxidative stress, as well as on behavioral parameters and cognitive impairment, in a preclinical model.Material and MethodsTwenty‐four male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to PD and sham groups. PD was induced by the ligature protocol for 14 days. Behavioral tests were initiated on the 9th day of the experiment to evaluate anxious behavior and cognition (learning and memory). After euthanasia, oxidative stress was evaluated in the gums, blood, hippocampus, and amygdala. Alveolar bone loss, bone microstructure, and elemental compositions of the mandibular bone were also assessed.ResultsPD increased alveolar bone loss, reduced the calcium and phosphorus content in the mandibular bone, and increased anxiety‐like behavior and cognitive decline (p < 0.05). Furthermore, PD significantly affected the redox balance, as evidenced by increased total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the gingiva and hippocampus (p < 0.05). It also led to increased lipid peroxidation in the gingiva and erythrocytes (p < 0.05), decreased antioxidant defenses in erythrocytes (superoxide dismutase) and the hippocampus (catalase), and increased antioxidant activity (catalase) in the amygdala (p < 0.05).ConclusionPD resulted in cognitive alterations, including impairments in spatial learning and memory, as well as increased anxious behavior, likely due to redox imbalance in rats.
Occlusal and Cephalometric Outcomes of Cleft Orthognathic Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Stonehouse‐Smith Daniel , Abd Rahman Aida N.A. , Beale Victoria , Bellardie Haydn 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesAberrant facial growth in individuals affected by orofacial clefts can result in maxillary retrusion and class III malocclusion, with a proportion requiring surgical correction at cessation of growth. This study aimed to evaluate occlusal and cephalometric outcomes of combined orthodontic‐orthognathic treatment.Material and MethodsRetrospective cohort study in a United Kingdom cleft center. Participants included twenty‐seven patients (20 males, 7 females) with cleft (n = 16 UCLP :7 BCLP :4 ICP) who consecutively underwent combined surgical treatment for Class III malocclusion between January 2013 and December 2017. Records were collected pre‐treatment (T0), pre‐surgery (T1) and at debond (T2). Models were scored using the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index and cephalometric radiographs were traced and analyzed. Outcomes were assessed by an independent rater.ResultsMean age at surgery was 21.4 years (SD 4.9). Le Fort 1 advancement (mean 6.1 mm, SD 4.0) was performed in all cases. Additional procedures included mandibular setback (n = 2), cortico‐cancellous bone grafting (n = 6) and genioplasty (n = 1). Mean T0 PAR score was 44.8 (SD 11.7), reducing to 3.6 (SD 2.0) at T2, indicating a mean % PAR score reduction of 91.6% (SD 4.7). Class III skeletal profiles improved from a mean T0 ANB of −2.1º (SD 2.2), to 2.8º (SD 1.6) at T2. Mean T0 overjet was −3.3 mm (SD 2.3), increasing to 2.6 mm (SD 1.3) at T2.ConclusionCleft orthognathic surgery differs in complexity and approach to routine orthognathics, however, these results demonstrate that occlusal outcomes can still be comparable with non‐cleft populations. Outcome data can be used for comparison with other centers providing cleft orthognathic treatment.
Challenges and advances of immune checkpoint therapy
Authors: Li Lingyu , Sun Yingli 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesImmuno‐checkpoint therapy (ICT) significantly alters the clinical course of cancer patients, providing long‐lasting clinical benefits and offering the potential for cure to some patients. However, response rates for different tumour types vary, and predictive biomarkers are needed to enhance patient selection for the purpose of optimising effectiveness and reducing toxicity. This has driven efforts to decipher the immune and non‐immune factors that regulate ICT response.Main ContentThis review offers a thorough examination of the advantages and future challenges of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer therapy. Additionally, we explore ongoing efforts to address current challenges, such as guiding subsequent clinical trials, developing ICT combination therapy strategies and utilising epigenetics to enhance clinical efficacy.Conclusion and PerspectivesDespite significant progress, ICT faces challenges including immune‐related adverse events (irAEs) and resistance mechanisms. Ongoing research focuses on developing novel biomarkers, combination therapies, and epigenetic strategies to improve the efficacy and safety of ICT for cancer patients worldwide. Future studies are required to validate these findings across different tumor types and treatment settings.
Immune response to topical sodium lauryl sulfate differs from classical irritant and allergic contact dermatitis
Authors: Nüsken Marvin , Heinemeier Fabian , Matzke Silke Sabina , Porebski Patryk , Forkel Susann , Dasari Prasad , Braun Andrea , Zautner Andreas Erich , Schön Michael Peter , Buhl Timo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is used as a control irritant in patch testing for allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). However, up to 20% of those tested react to SLS, whereby the pathophysiological basis of this reaction is still unclear. To mimic patch test reactions, we repeatedly applied SLS to the skin of wild‐type mice. Reactions were compared with those in a classical ACD model induced by oxazolone and an irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) model induced by croton oil. Skin inflammation was assessed with ear thickness measurements, immunohistochemistry, qRT‐PCR, and flow cytometry. Topical SLS treatment was further investigated in Flg/Hrnr−/−, Myd88/Tlr3−/−, and Rag1−/− mouse models. All three compounds caused ear swelling with different courses. Oxazolone treatment, compared with the ICD model, resulted in a greater influx of immune cells (CD4+, MHCII+, CD11b+). Similarly, SLS did not induce immune cell infiltration or expression of selected inflammatory and regulatory cytokines. SLS induced the most pronounced keratinocyte proliferation. Compared with wild‐type mice, topical SLS application did not increase ear swelling in skin barrier deficient Flg/Hrnr−/− mice, but led to significantly delayed swelling in mice with defects in innate or adaptive immune functions (Myd88/Tlr3−/−, Rag1−/−). SLS‐induced contact dermatitis differed from classical ACD and ICD, as it elicited less pronounced immune alterations. Skin barrier impairment does not affect SLS‐induced contact dermatitis, whereas both innate and adaptive components are involved in SLS skin reactions.
Effect of Phycocyanin and Butylated Hydroxytoluene on the Oxidative Stability of Safflower Oil: A Comprehensive Kinetic Investigation
Authors: Monji Zahra Bovairi , Karimi Mahsan , Zolfaghari Hajar , Golmakani Mohammad Taghi , Azari Mahya , Mazloomi Seyed Mohammad , Abbasi Azam 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSafflower includes both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids especially high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). The addition of antioxidants during oil processing is one of the most effective methods. The aim of this research was to evaluate the oxidative stability of safflower oil supplemented with phycocyanin (PC) (200, 300, and 400 ppm), or butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) (200 ppm), at 80, 90, and 100°C during the storage time. Oxidative stability of oil was measured through the assay of primary and secondary oxidation products: Peroxide value (PV) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were evaluated, respectively. Results showed that the addition of PC at 300 and 400 ppm caused the lowest peroxide levels. In addition, the oxidation reactions of this oil followed a first‐order kinetic model for PV and TBARS. The amounts of PV and TBARS were dependent on the storage temperature; according to the Arrhenius equation, the activation energy (Ea) of the samples that contain 300 and 400 ppm PC decreased in all the tested temperatures compared to control. Results of the oxidative stability indicated that PC may have superior antioxidant properties than BHT and can potentially inhibit the oil oxidation. The sample containing 300 ppm PC demonstrated heightened efficacy in suppressing primary oxidation. Moreover, the results of sensory evaluation test showed that the 300 ppm PC sample received the highest rating for overall quality, which confirm that 300 ppm PC sample could be the best sample to decrease the oxidative stability in safflower oil.
Blockchain and NoSQL: Enhancing Throughput via a Deep Learning‐Based Hybrid Architecture
Authors: Antonello Longo , Antonio Di Palma , Luca Casamassima , Marco Fiore , Marina Mongiello 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAny data structure used to store information can be considered a database. Blockchain technology, at its core, is no more than a ledger to store information about transactions. In recent years, such technology has gained immense popularity in a wide range of applications. However, scalability and throughput are major challenges of the Blockchain technology since applications and APIs have much lower throughput compared to non‐Blockchain ones. Several studies showed that the integration of the NoSQL paradigm along with a Blockchain pipeline enhances the overall throughput and scalability of the system, as well as the possibility of handling both on‐chain and off‐chain data. The goal of this paper is therefore to study how the advantages of both technologies can be capitalized on to enhance the system capabilities and to finally put forward a novel hybrid architecture that mixes NoSQL and Blockchain characteristics using Deep Learning techniques.
The efficacy of nano‐cellulose‐based composites in heavy metal removal from wastewater: a comprehensive review
Authors: Castellanos Humberto Garcia , Aryanfar Yashar , Mohtaram Soheil , Keçebaş Ali , Karaca‐Dolgun Gülşah , Ahmad Shabbir , Asiri Abdullah Naser M. , Islam Saiful 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis comprehensive study delves into the innovative application of nano‐cellulose‐based composites for addressing the multifaceted challenges of wastewater treatment. This review introduces the innovative use of nano‐cellulose composites, particularly highlighting the novel synthesis routes that enhance their pollutant adsorption capabilities beyond conventional materials. These materials stand out for their regenerative properties and integration with functionalized matrix materials, marking significant advancements in sustainable wastewater treatment technologies. As the environmental and public health risks associated with untreated wastewater escalate, the development of efficient and sustainable treatment technologies has become crucial. Nano‐cellulose composites, derived from natural and renewable sources, offer significant advantages, including high surface area, superior mechanical strength, and notable biodegradability. This review explores various synthesis methods—mechanical, chemical, and enzymatic—that enhance the adaptability of nano‐cellulose composites to meet specific treatment needs. Main findings demonstrate these composites' effectiveness in removing a wide array of pollutants, including heavy metals, organic compounds, dyes, and microbial contaminants, with detailed removal capacities provided for each pollutant category in comparative tables. The potential for regeneration and reuse highlights their practical sustainability and economic viability. Future research should focus on improving production scalability and cost‐effectiveness, assessing environmental impacts and ensuring regulatory compliance to advance the application of nano‐cellulose composites in wastewater treatment. This study paves the way for these materials to become central to innovative, efficient, and eco‐friendly wastewater management strategies. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).