bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of life among geriatric population living with functional disabilities: A comparison between urban and rural populations of West Bengal
Authors: Hazra Aritraa , Majumdar Sukanta , Mukherjee Shuvankar , Paul Avijit , Bhattacharyya Nabanita 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Global elderly population’s growth is evident, with projections reaching 2 billion by 2050, while India’s geriatric population is expected to rise to 11.6% by 2026. Disparity in quality of life (QOL) and disabilities between urban and rural elderly exist, where rural elderly maintain active roles, while urban counterparts face economic insecurity post retirement.

Aims:
The study explores QOL differences among geriatric individuals with functional disabilities.

Materials and Methods:
This is a cross-sectional descriptive observational study conducted among geriatric populations from urban Dhapa and rural Khalia, who were surveyed. The sample size was 100 for both urban and rural areas. Data collection involved interviews with predesigned, pretested, semistructured schedules. Systematic random sampling was used for participant selection.

Result:
Among the study populations, 64% and 62% were male population, 63% and 76% were from general caste, 43% and 42% were in the age group of old to very old (70–79 years), 41% and 26% were gainfully employed, 18% and 96% were belonging to lower-middle to lower socioeconomic class in urban and rural areas, respectively. The study revealed 28% urban and 49% rural study population and 28% were disabled. While assessing QOL, statistically significant differences were found in the environmental domain and social relationship domain.

Conclusion:
Around 1/3rd in urban areas and nearly ½ in rural regions were disabled. Older individuals, Muslim community, general caste, and lower socioeconomic class were predicting factors. Physical, psychological, and social-relationship domain scores were higher among rural population, and the environmental domain mean score was higher among the urban populations.
Prevalence of peripheral neuropathy in children with transfusion-dependent thalassemia: A hospital-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Rathore Aniruddha , Dhankar Mukesh , Mukherjee Sharmila B. , Sharma Suvasini , Shukla Shailaja , Mandal Piali 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of Peripheral Neuropathy (using nerve conduction studies (NCS)) in children with transfusion-dependent thalassemia aged between 5 to 18 years and to study its correlation with chronic anemia, ferritin levels, chelation status, annual transfusion requirement, deficiency of serum Vitamin B12, and Folate levels.

Methods:
In this hospital-based cross-sectional study, 100 eligible children were enrolled in a tertiary care teaching hospital in New Delhi, India. Neurological examinations focusing on peripheral neuropathy followed by NCS were performed on all the patients. Age-wise cutoff values outside of 2.5 SD of normal were taken as abnormal.

Results:
None of the children had clinical features of peripheral neuropathy, although 77% had abnormalities in NCS. Of these, 33% had pure motor nerve changes, 7% had pure sensory nerve changes, 1% had abnormal F responses, and 26% had mixed nerve changes. These changes correlated significantly with chronic anemia and duration of iron chelation but not with other factors.

Conclusion:
In children with transfusion-dependent thalassemia who do not exhibit any neurological signs or symptoms, however, it is not uncommon to observe abnormal NCS at an average hemoglobin (Hb) level of less than 9.5 g/dl. Further comprehensive case-control studies are necessary to determine if a more specific Hb target range of 9.5 to 10.5 g/dl is appropriate and to investigate the potential impact of chelation therapy on these changes.
Prevalence and demographic distribution of anaemia among those visiting a teaching hospital located in tribal predominant block of Jharkhand: Retrospective record based analysis
Authors: Chellamuthu Vasanth , Chelladurai Srinivasan , Venogopal Vinayagamoorthy , Ray Bhagyasri , Sharanabasappa S , Kalyani Vasantha C. , Patra Satya 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Anaemia is a major public health concern in developing countries, with cases increasing rapidly among women, young girls, and children under age 5.

Aims:
This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of anaemia and to identify the age and gender distribution of anaemia among those attending IPD/OPD of a teaching hospital located in the tribal block.

Methodology:
The study was conducted at a multispecialty tertiary care hospital in tribal predominant area, Jharkhand, India. A retrospective, chart-based study design was adopted to achieve the objectives. All inpatient case records available from the Department of Laboratory Medicine and the electronic hospital information system of the institute were reviewed between January 1, 2021, and January 31, 2024.

Result:
A total of 15004 reports were screened for detecting anaemia, of them 7095 (47.3%) were males and 7909 (52.7%) were females. The overall prevalence of any grade of anaemia was found in 6579 (43.8%; 95% CI: 43.1–44.6). Univariate logistic regression analysis to predict status of anaemia among study participants showed the odds of being anaemic was 1.5 times (95% CI: 1.2–2.1) higher among those with age >60 years compared to those who were in the age group of 1–4 years. Females had 2.3 times (95% CI: 2.2–2.5) higher odds of having anaemia than males.

Conclusion:
This study shows that half of the patients attending hospital are anaemic and the burden increases as the age increases and highest among elderly >60 years. The results of our secondary data analysis should contribute to better screening and identifying the cases among people attending the hospital and also could aid planning services at the primary care level.
A systemic evaluation of COVID-19 vaccination drives in LICs, LMICs, UMICs, and HICs: Preparedness for future pandemics
Authors: Kumar Pratyush , Sarkar Manali , Unnithan Vishnu B. , Martínez Daniel J. G. , Arlettaz Maximiliano E. , Gnanaraj Ramya , Júarez M Miguel F. , Panchawagh Suhrud , Abhishek Kumar , Agrawal Poonam , Kaushal G. P. , Mbwogge Mathew , Morales Yurkina F , Alnaasan Muhannad , Kozum Reem , Pisfil-Farroñay Yhojar , Reddy Asmitha P. , Shukla Rushikesh 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted global healthcare systems. Vaccination is an effective strategy to battle the disease. Policies and distribution frameworks have varied widely across countries. The paper aims to highlight the global vaccination trends in these nations, based on their economic classification, which will illuminate key takeaways that will allow for better pandemic management policies.

Methods:
A list of the most populated countries across each income slab was drawn up, and information on their vaccination campaigns was collected from national government portals and official health department websites of these countries in a structured manner. Data collected for the attributes was qualitatively described and converted into binary responses for quantitative analysis. ANOVA test, Chi-square test, and regression models were employed.

Results:
A consistent decreasing trend was noted in the percentage of the population vaccinated as the spectrum from higher-income countries to lower-income countries was traversed for all dose statuses. Fewer types of vaccines were available in the lower-income countries. Though compliance with the CDC vaccination strategies guide was largely noted, a linear regression univariate analysis of vaccination drive parameters carried out for single-dose vaccination yielded statistically significant results for medical provider vaccine standardization (P-value = 0.002), vaccination requirements (P-values <0.001), and provider recommendation. (P-values <0.001) Vaccine hesitancy was not dependent on economic status.

Conclusion:
Concerted global initiatives like vaccine donation would assist efforts in mitigating disease spread. Prompt busting of baseless anti-vaccine narratives and strengthening healthcare infrastructure to meet national requirements should be given due importance.
Family adoption programme implementation feedback from undergraduate medical students in Almora: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Preeti  , Kanubhai Thakkar Hemaben , Dhapola Vikram Singh 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The Family Adoption Programme (FAP) aims to provide a learning opportunity to Indian medical graduates towards community-based health care. This study describes the perspective of medical undergraduate students towards the FAP implementation at the government medical college in Almora.

Methods:
An observational study was conducted on the students of phases I and II in the government medical college, Almora, on the hurdles and facilitators of FAP via Google Form. Out of 199 students, 193 filled out the form, which was eligible for evaluation. A brief orientation was conducted on the FAP as recommended by the National Medical Commission of India, which was followed by sensitization of the students to the FAP proforma. Periodic FAP visits were planned for students along with their assigned mentors at the selected nearby three villages. During these visits, students interacted with the families, and details regarding the health profile of the family were documented. Students wrote reflections on FAP visits in the log book which were reviewed by faculties. Gibbs reflective cycle was also applied among the students who were allotted families for better understanding.

Results:
A total of 199 students were enrolled in FAP, and out of those, 193 submitted feedback through a Google link. Overall, the experience was graded as good (53.6%), while 35.4% responded that it was excellent.

Conclusion:
Better implementation of FAP needs planning, intersectoral co-ordination, good sensitisation, and training activities for field staff, faculty and the community.
Prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors in high-risk Kyrgyzstan population as compared to Indians − An Indo-Kyrgyz cardiometabolic study
Authors: Sharma Kamal , Mohan Shilpi , Hossain S. A. , Shah Stuti , Konat Ashwati , Shah Komal , Mehta Shubh , Tavethia Jonsi Jayantkumar , Sarvaiya Jeel Narendra , Joshi Saumya , Shah Karan , Patel Dhruv Rakeshkumar , Patel Shlok 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the most prevalent causes of mortality worldwide, especially significant in low- and middle-income countries. Kyrgyzstan and India represent such nations that face a huge burden of CVD-related deaths globally. Understanding the prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) in these populations is critical for effective prevention and management strategies.

Methods:
This is a multicentric, observational study where we compared the prevalence of CVRFs in high-risk populations from Kyrgyzstan and India. Data was collected from established ASCVD patients attending cardio-metabolic clinics at tertiary care centers between December 2021 and December 2023. Demographic characteristics and CVRFs, which encompassed diabetes, hypertension, lipid profile parameters, tobacco consumption, etc., were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed to identify significant differences between the cohorts.

Results:
A total of 1552 individuals (772 from Kyrgyzstan, 750 from India) were studied. The Kyrgyzstan cohort had a significantly higher mean age and a greater proportion of females compared to the Indian cohort. The prevalence of tobacco consumption, hypertension, and diabetes was significantly higher in Kyrgyzstan than in India. Lipid profile analysis revealed greater level of LDL, HDL, and total cholesterol in the Kyrgyzstan cohort. Conversely, triglyceride levels were lower in Kyrgyz individuals. The Kyrgyzstan cohort also demonstrated better left ventricular systolic function compared to the Indian cohort.

Discussion:
Our study highlights significant differences in the prevalence of traditional CVRFs between high-risk populations in Kyrgyzstan and India. Higher rates of tobacco consumption, hypertension, and diabetes in Kyrgyzstan signify the immediate need for targeted interventions to address these modifiable risk factors. Targeted public health programs focusing on these lifestyle modifications and efficacious management of CVRFs are crucial to reduce the burden of cardiovascular deaths in both countries.
Assessing the mask-wearing habit as a contributing factor for COVID-19–associated mucormycosis
Authors: Saini Bhawna , Gupta Ambika , Bisla Suman , Kumia Komal , Shukla Shubhangi , Yama Kime 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Association of mask-wearing habit and mucormycosis.

Context:
During the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an absurd surge in cases of mucormycosis. COVID-19–associated mucormycosis (CAM) was found to be associated with the presence of diabetes, use of systemic steroids, prolonged use of masks, and others. The improper use of masks was proposed to be treacherous.

Methods and Material:
A case–control study was planned in which the patients coming to the dental OPD over a period of 6 months were asked to fill out a questionnaire validated by experts.

Results:
A total of 100 participants were included in the study. Out of 100 patients, 43 opted for surgical/N95 masks, whereas others were seen using different fabric mass. Mask-wearing habits are not a contributing factor for CAM. (P value > 0.005).

Conclusions:
Such studies give us an idea of the impact of hygiene habits on infectious diseases, further studies are required on a larger sample.
Effectiveness of a video-assisted teaching program on menstrual cup usage among women (18–45 years age group) in selected colleges of Patna
Authors: Prasanna K. Lakshmi , Jha Sangam , Sharma Naveen Kumar , Rani Jyoti 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Menstrual cups are a sustainable alternative to traditional menstrual products, yet their usage remains low in many regions. In India, only 0.3% of women use menstrual cups, representing a lack of knowledge and a negative attitude towards the use of menstrual cups. This study aimed to promote menstrual cup usage and develop the right attitude among women (18–45 years old) in selected colleges in Patna.

Material and Methods:
One group pre-test-post-test quasi-experimental study was conducted in selected colleges in Patna with a nonrandomized convenient sampling technique employed to select 100 participants. The intervention consisted of a 30-minute video session on menstrual cup usage, and a structured questionnaire administered pre- and post-intervention to assess knowledge and attitudes.

Results:
Post-intervention analysis showed a significant increase in knowledge and positive attitudes towards menstrual cup usage. The video-assisted teaching program was found effective in enhancing knowledge regarding menstrual cup usage, as evidenced by the mean knowledge score, which improved from 7.25 + 1.89 to 8.40 + 1.43, as well as the attitude mean score, which improved from 32.14 + 8.50 to 33.91 + 7.88.

Conclusion:
The video-assisted teaching program effectively enhanced knowledge and positively influenced attitudes toward menstrual cup usage among women in the targeted age group. This suggests that similar educational interventions could be beneficial in promoting sustainable menstrual hygiene practices. Many participants suggested that if it is added through government schemes, it will be more valuable in promoting the adoption of menstrual cups among women.
Perceptions of healthcare workers on implementing the 2022 WHO verbal autopsy instrument in rural India through the existing public health system
Authors: Tripathi Stuti , Gupta Shefali , Sharma Sandeep , Nair Saritha , Menon Geetha , Gulati Bal Kishan , Yadav Jeetendra , Chalga Manjeet Singh , Rao Chalapati , Sharma Saurabh 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Cause-of-death (CoD) information is crucial for health policy formulation, planning, and program implementation. Verbal Autopsy (VA) is an approach employed for the collection and analysis of CoD estimates at the population level where medical certification of cause of death is low and, secondly, for integrating it with the existing public health system by utilizing the grassroots level workforce.

Objective:
The study aims to understand the field perspectives on implementing the 2022 WHO VA instrument in rural India through the existing public health system.

Methods:
This article is derived from a qualitative arm of study that was conducted in one of the blocks of Kanpur district, Uttar Pradesh. Frontline health workers (FHWs), as well as Medical Officers (MOs) serving in the Community Health Centre (CHC) area, were selected as study participants. A 5-day training and orientation workshop was conducted to train the FHWs to conduct computer-assisted personal interview VA using the 2022 WHO VA instrument. MOs have been trained to assign the CoD via Physician-Certified VA (PCVA). In-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted with FHWs involved in conducting VA and physicians involved in conducting PCVA within the field practice area.

Results:
A total of 13 IDIs were conducted, consisting of 10 FHWs and 3 MOs, within the selected CHC area of Ghatampur. Based on the responses received, five major themes were identified. Although VA is being used to collect CoD information from the community in India through a Sample Registration Survey (SRS), the key findings suggest that this activity could be scaled up by utilizing the existing public health system. However, additional manpower may be required for constant monitoring and evaluation of the program. Incentivization of FHWs would aid in the timely completion of VAs and coordination with local and higher health authorities.

Conclusion:
The perception of healthcare workers about the feasibility and acceptability of VA in this study highlighted some of the challenges and possible solutions that could aid in developing a comprehensive model to improve CoD information at the population level through the existing public health system.
Seguridad en uso de toxina botulínica tipo A en reparación de labio leporino y paladar hendido en niños menores de 2 años
Authors: Reyes Lorena Juárez , Amaro Leslie Alessandra Colunga , López Miriam Janet Cervantes 
Published: December 2024

La toxina botulínica tipo A (BoNT-A) es una neurotoxina producida por la bacteria Clostridium botulinum, la cual se ha convertido en una herramienta terapeutica ampliamente utilizada y aceptada debido a su gran eficacia y seguridad en diferentes patologías, entre las que destacan la espasticidad y distonía. Actualmente se ha utilizado como una terapia adyuvante en la terapia fisica produciendo resultados favorables, baja tasa de complicaciones y disminuye significativamente la aparicion de hipertrofia cicatricial al ser aplicada antes de realizar una cirugía plastica en pacientes pediatricos con labio leporino. El objetivo fue determinar la seguridad de aplicación de BoNT-A (Dysport) en niños menores de 2 años en la reconstrucción de labio leporino y paladar hendido. El presente estudio se realizó con la inyección de toxina botulínica tipo A, a pacientes en el preoperatorio de reconstrucción de labio paladar hendido, se realizó la valoración por un médico en cirugía plástica y un médico en rehabilitación y se determinó la dosis de BoNT-A en dosis Dysport de 6-10u x kg de peso y Botox de 3 a 14ux kg de peso. Se observó la evolución positivo de 11 pacientes pediatricos con labio leporino en los que se aplico una dosis BoNT-A 1 mes antes realizar queiloplastia, de los cuales únicamente se incluyeron 8 debido a que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión (menores de 2 años), en los que se inyecto BoNT-A en los labios de manera dosificada individualmente, en los que en el 100% de los casos no se presento efectos adversos ni reacciones de hipersensibilidad y hubo un nivel alto de satisfacción tras realizar queiloplastia con grados nulos de hipertrofia cicatricial. La BoTN-A tiene buena seguridad al ser aplicada de manera prequirgica en niños menores de 2 años con labio leporino demostrando baja aparición de efectos adversos.
Addressing Non-Revenue Water Challenges: a Pathway Towards Sustainable Development Goal (SDG)
Authors: Ahmad Raja Adzrin Raja , Samsudin Syamsyul , Azmi Nurul Azlin , Yatim Nurul Huda Md 
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study aims to investigate the level of non-revenue water (NRW) in Malaysia, explore the factors and outline the strategies for mitigating water losses to achieve sustainable water management goals.

Theoretical Framework: In this topic, the main concepts and theories that underpin the research are presented. The theory of common-pool resources provides a solid basis for understanding the context of the investigation.

Method: The methodology adopted for this research comprises employing secondary data from SPAN (National Water Services Commission) to investigate the level of NRW in Malaysia. Data collection was carried out by interviewing personnel from SPAN.

Results and Discussion: The results obtained revealed that the level of NRW in Malaysia is high. The amount increased from 4,912 MLD in 2018 to 5,389 MLD in 2022, translating to a 10% increase over five years. Based on the interview, the factors contributing to the high level of NRW are leaks, theft, inaccurate metering, and old infrastructure.

Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how the results can be applied or influence practices in the field of NRW. These implications could encompass water scarcity and Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6).

Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by highlighting the causes and factors that lead to the NRW. The relevance and value of this research significantly influence water scarcity, people's lifestyles, and SDGs.
Developing an Islamic Human Resource Development Mode (IHRD) to Strengthen the Organization's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Authors: Zarkasyi Hamid Fahmy , Mas’ud Fuad , Umam Khoirul , Hidayatullah Rakhmad Agung , Khakim Usmanul 
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study proposed and developed an Islamic Human Resources Development (IHRD) model for Organizational Sustainability.

Theoretical Framework: The worldview theory conducted as the framework of this study. Worldview defined as a set of fundamental beliefs of human being. This study specifically elaborated the fundamental concepts of Swanson’s theory of HRD and integrated them into the Islamic fundamental concepts. This integration then became the foundation for the development of IHRD conceptual model.

Method: This literature study was performed using philosphical approach. The primary sources for this study are Richard Swanson's works on HRD. Content analysis and comparative analysis are the techniques of data analysis used.

Results and Discussion: Firstly, HRD in Swanson's view is not based on the concept of God. In contrast, the Islamic worldview makes God the central concept. Secondly, the incorporation of the concept of God in HRD theory broadens its scope includes material and spiritual well-being, eradicating exploitation and sustainability values

Research Implications: This study will be useful in developing academic discussions on Islam and HRD. Empirical testing of this study is the practical implication in strengthen the organization's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by introducing worldview theory as a framework for HRD studies. This study is expected to provide a conceptual guide for Muslim HRD practitioners, particularly those living in Muslim-populated countries. Further research on the discussion of Islam and HRD development is necessary to conduct.