bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electronic Communication between S=1/2 Spins in Negatively‐charged Double‐caged Fullerene C60 Derivative Bonded by Two Single Bonds and Pyrrolizidine Bridge
Authors: Konarev Dmitri V. , Kuzmin Alexey V. , Khasanov Salavat S. , Goryunkov Alexey A. , Brotsman Victor A. , Ioffe Ilya N. , Otsuka Akihiro , Yamochi Hideki , Kitagawa Hiroshi , Lyubovskaya Rimma N. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractRadical anion salt {cryptand[2.2.2] (K+)}2(bispheroid)2−⋅3.5C6H4Cl2 (1) of the double‐caged fullerene C60 derivative, in which fullerene cages are linked by a cyclobutane bridging cycle and additionally by a pyrrolizidine moiety, was obtained. Each fullerene cage in this derivative accepts one electron on reduction, thus forming the (bispheroid)2− dianions with two interacting S=1/2 spins on the neighboring cages. Low‐temperature magnetic measurements reveal a singlet ground state of the bispheroid dianions whereas triplet contributions prevail at increased temperature. An estimated exchange interaction between two spins J/kB=−78 K in 1 indicates strong magnetic coupling between them, nearly two times higher than that (J/kB=−44.7 K) in previously studied (C60−)2 dimers linked via a cyclobutane bridge only. The enhancement of magnetic coupling in 1 can be explained by a shorter distance between the fullerene cages and, possibly, an additional channel for the magnetic exchange provided by a pyrrolizidine bridge. Quantum‐chemical calculations of the lowest electronic state of the dianions by means of multi‐configuration quasi‐degenerate perturbation theory support the experimental findings.
Fluorescence Quenching‐based Assay for Measuring Golgi endo‐α‐Mannosidase
Authors: Sano Kanae , Kuribara Taiki , Ishii Nozomi , Kuroiwa Ayumi , Yoshihara Toshitada , Tobita Seiji , Totani Kiichiro , Matsuo Ichiro 
Published: March 2019

AbstractGolgi endo‐α‐mannosidase (G‐EM) catalyzes an alternative deglucosylation process for N‐glycans and plays important roles in the post‐endoplasmic reticulum (ER) quality control pathway. To understand the post‐ER quality control mechanism, we synthesized a tetrasaccharide probe for the detection of the hydrolytic activity of G‐EM based on a fluorescence quenching assay. The probe was labeled with an N‐methylanthraniloyl group as a reporter dye at the non‐reducing end and a 2,4‐dinitrophenyl group as a quencher at the reducing end. This probe is hydrolyzed to disaccharide derivatives by G‐EM, resulting in increased fluorescence intensity. Thus, the fluorescence signal is directly proportional to the amount of disaccharide derivative present, allowing the G‐EM activity to be evaluated easily and quantitatively.
PDα‐type iterative learning control for fractional‐order linear continuous‐time switched systems
Authors: Zhang Kejun , Peng Guohua 
Published: March 2019

AbstractFor a class of fractional‐order linear continuous‐time switched systems specified by an arbitrary switching rule, this paper proposes a PDα‐type fractional‐order iterative learning control algorithm. For systems disturbed by bounded measurement noise, the robustness of PDα‐type algorithm is first discussed in the iteration domain and the tracking performance is analyzed. Next, a sufficient condition for monotone convergence of the algorithm is studied when external noise is absent. The results of analysis and simulation illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm.
HSPA6: A new autosomal recessive candidate gene for the VATER/VACTERL malformation spectrum
Authors: Kause Franziska , Zhang Rong , Ludwig Michael , Schmiedeke Eberhard , Rissmann Anke , Thiele Holger , Altmueller Janine , Herms Stefan , Hilger Alina C. , Hildebrandt Friedhelm , Reutter Heiko 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundThe VATER/VACTERL association refers to the nonrandom co‐occurrence of at least three of the following component features (CFs): vertebral defects (V), anorectal malformations (ARM) (A), cardiac defects (C), tracheoesophageal fistula with or without esophageal atresia (TE), renal malformations (R), and limb defects (L). Patients presenting with two CFs have been termed VATER/VACTERL‐like phenotypes.MethodsWe surveyed the exome for recessive disease variants in three affected sib‐pairs. Sib‐pair 971 consisted of two brothers with ARM and additional hydronephrosis in one brother. Sib‐pair 1098 consisted of two sisters with ARM. In family 1346, the daughter presented with ARM and additional hypoplasia of both small fingers and ankyloses. Her brother presented with unilateral isolated radial hypoplasia. Sib‐pairs 971 and 1346 resembled a VATER/VACTERL‐like phenotype.ResultsWe detected a novel maternally inherited missense variant (c.1340G > T) and a rare paternally inherited deletion of the trans‐allele in HSPA6 in both siblings of family 1346. HSPA6 belongs to the heat shock protein (HSP) 70 family. Re‐sequencing of HSPA6 in 167 patients with VATER/VACTERL and VATER/VACTERL‐like phenotypes did not reveal any additional bi‐allelic variants.ConclusionsUntil now, only TNF‐receptor associated protein 1 (TRAP1) had been reported as an autosomal recessive disease‐gene for the VATER/VACTERL association. TRAP1 belongs to the heat shock protein 90 family (HSP90). Both Hsp70 and Hsp90 genes have been shown to be important embryonic drivers in the formation of mouse embryonic forelimb tissue. Our results suggest HSPA6 as a new candidate gene in VATER/VACTERL‐like phenotypes.
A rapid and sensitive UHPLC–MS/MS method for the determination of celosin A in rat plasma with application to pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Shen Jiawei , Cao Xiuqin , Zhou Weili , Song Jinbo 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCelosin A (CA), a natural compound isolated from Celosia argentea L., has been shown significant hepatoprotective effect on AHNP‐induced liver injury. This study described a rapid and sensitive ultra‐high‐pressure liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) assay for determination of CA in rat plasma. Methanol‐mediated precipitation was used for sample pretreatment. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a T3 column with gradient elution using water and acetonitrile as mobile phase. Determination was obtained using an electrospray ionization source in negative selected reaction monitoring mode at the transitions of m/z 793.3 → m/z 661.2 and m/z 955.6 → m/z 793.2 for CA and IS, respectively. The assay was linear over the concentration range 0.25–2500 ng/mL (r > 0.995) with a lowest limit of quantification (LLOQ) of 0.25 ng/mL. The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions (RSD) were 1.65–9.84 and 2.46–13.49%, respectively, while accuracy (RR) ranged from 96.21 to 99.45%, respectively. The recovery ranged from 95.09 to 102.22% and the matrix effect from 98.29 to 100.13%. The analyte was stable under the tested storage conditions. The method has been successfully applied to a preclinical pharmacokinetic study in rats after a single intravenous (2 mg/kg) or oral (50 mg/kg) administration. The oral bioavailability of CA was ~1.94%; in addition, there was no difference between male and female rats. This is the first time of the use of an UHPLC–MS/MS method for determination of CA concentration in rat plasma and for evaluation of its pharmacokinetic behavior.
Motor learning enhanced by combined motor imagery and noninvasive brain stimulation is associated with reduced short‐interval intracortical inhibition
Authors: Meng Hai‐Jiang , Cao Na , Lin Yi‐Tong , Liu Ke , Zhang​ Jian , Pi Yan‐Ling 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundMotor imagery (MI) improves motor skill learning, which is further enhanced when MI is paired with primary motor cortex transcranial brain stimulation or with electrical stimulation of the peripheral median nerve. Applying both stimulation types (here with 25 ms intervals) is called paired associative stimulation (PAS25). The final primary motor cortex output is determined by combined excitatory and intracortical inhibitory circuits, and reducing the latter is associated with enhanced synaptic transmission and efficacy. Indeed, short‐interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) inhibits motor evoked potentials (MEPs), and motor learning has been associated with decreased SICI and increased cortical excitability. Here, we investigated whether cortical excitability and SICI are altered by PAS25 applied after MI‐induced modulation of motor learning.MethodsPeak acceleration of a hand‐grasping movement and MEPs and SICI were measured before and after MI alone, PAS25 alone, and MI followed by PAS25 in 16 healthy participants to evaluate changes in motor learning, corticospinal excitability, and intracortical inhibition.ResultsAfter PAS25 alone, MEP amplitude increased while peak acceleration was unchanged. However, PAS25 applied following MI not only significantly enhanced both peak acceleration (p = 0.011) and MEP amplitude (p = 0.004) but also decreased SICI (p = 0.011). Moreover, we found that this decrease in SICI was significantly correlated with both the peak acceleration (r = 0.49, p = 0.029) and the MEP amplitude (r = 0.56, p = 0.013).ConclusionsThese results indicate that brain function altered by PAS25 of the motor cortex enhances MI‐induced motor learning and corticospinal excitability and decreases SICI, suggesting that SICI underlies, at least in part, PAS25 modulation of motor learning.
Serum soluble fibrinogen‐like protein 2 concentration predicts delirium after acute pancreatitis
Authors: Xu Wen‐Bin , Hu Qian‐Hua , Wu Chan‐Ni , Fan Zhi‐Kun , Song Zhang‐Fa 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveInflammation can cause delirium. Soluble fibrinogen‐like protein 2 (sFGL2) is a modulator of the immune response and more recently found to be a biomarker for brain injury. This study was designed to discover the predictive capability of serum sFGL2 concentrations for delirium after acute pancreatitis (AP).Materials and MethodsIn this prospective, observational study, serum sFGL2 concentrations were quantified in 184 healthy controls and in 184 AP patients. Disease severity was assessed by Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Care Evaluation II score, Ranson score, multiple organ dysfunction score, and sequential organ failure assessment score. Delirium was recorded during hospital stay. Predictors of delirium were identified using multivariate analysis.ResultsSerum sFGL2 concentrations were substantially higher in AP patients than in controls. Serum sFGL2 concentrations were intimately correlated with the preceding severity parameters. Serum sFGL2 and the aforementioned severity parameters were independent predictors for delirium. Under receiver operating characteristic curve, the discriminatory ability of serum sFGL2 was equivalent to those of the above‐mentioned severity parameters. Moreover, serum sFGL2 dramatically improved the predictive value of the aforementioned severity parameters.ConclusionsElevation of serum sFGL2 concentrations is strongly associated with the AP severity and has the potential to distinguish delirium after AP.
Hybrid coating of alginate microbeads based on protein‐biopolymer multilayers for encapsulation of probiotics
Authors: Yucel Falco Cigdem , Amadei Federico , Dhayal Surender K. , Cárdenas Marité , Tanaka Motomu , Risbo Jens 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA hybrid coating based on multilayers of proteins and biopolymers was developed to enhance the protection performance of alginate microbeads against acidic conditions for delivery of probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG). Zeta potential measurements and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation confirmed layer‐by‐layer deposition of protein‐polymer layers. The stability of protein‐based coatings during simulated gastric fluid (SGF) treatment was monitored by microscopy. Protein‐coated microbeads were partially dismantled, whereas polymer‐coated microbeads were intact after a sequential treatment in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids. This suggests that hybrid formulation offers an advantage over the coatings based on biopolymer multilayers in terms of better release of bacteria. Uncoated alginate microbeads completely dissolved and could not protect bacteria after SGF treatment whereas microbeads with hybrid coating showed increased physical stability and a modest decrease of culturability of 3.8 log units. Therefore, this work provides a concept for future protein‐based hybrid coatings for bacterial delivery systems.
Retracted: Interference of the long noncoding RNA CDKN2B‐AS1 upregulates miR‐181a‐5p/TGFβI axis to restrain the metastasis and promote apoptosis and senescence of cervical cancer cells
Authors: Zhu Lihong , Zhang Quanhua , Li Shaoping , Jiang Shan , Cui Jingjing , Dang Ge 
Published: March 2019

AbstractLong noncoding RNA (lncRNA) CDKN2B‐AS1 has been shown to play a crucial role in the development as well as in the prognosis of various human cancers, including cervical cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms need to be further explored between CDKN2B‐AS1 and cervical cancer. In the present study, RT‐PCR showed that the mRNA level of CDKN2B‐AS1 was significantly upregulated while the miR‐181a‐5p was downregulated in cervical cancer cell lines. In addition, the interference of CDKN2B‐AS1 by shRNA resulted in the suppression of cell proliferation, invasion, migration and promotion of apoptosis and senescence, and either CDKN2B‐AS1 overexpression or miR‐181a‐5p showed reversed results. Further studies demonstrated that CDKN2B‐AS1 could directly interact with miR‐181a‐5p, and that there was an inverse correlation between miR‐181a‐5p and CDKN2B‐AS1. In addition, we found that TGFβI was a target of miR‐181a‐5p and could be downregulated by CDKN2B‐AS1 knockdown. Moreover, the in vivo experiments further demonstrated the contribution of CDKN2B‐AS1 in cervical cancer including tumor growth, apoptosis inhibition and senescence inhibition, and CDKN2B‐AS1 knockdown could inhibit the aforementioned activities. In summary, our study demonstrated that the CDKN2B‐AS1/miR‐181a‐5p/TGFβI axis might play a vital role in cervical cancer development.
Highly Selective Isomerization of Glucose into Fructose Catalyzed by a Mimic Glucose Isomerase
Authors: Zhang Ni , Meng Xiang‐Guang , Wu Yan‐Yan , Song Hong‐Jin , Huang Hong , Wang Fei , Lv Jing 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAn amphoteric phenolic compound with carboxyl and amino functional groups was synthesized and used as mimic glucose isomerase to catalyze the isomerization of glucose into fructose. The mimic enzyme displayed excellent catalytic activity for isomerization of glucose to fructose under mild conditions. The yield of fructose and selectivity of fructose could reach 33.0 % and 93.5 % after reacting 4 h, respectively, at pH 8.5 and 80 °C. The catalysis reaction rate constant kcat and Michaelis constants KmG, KmF were calculated. The activation energy of glucose to fructose was evaluated as 65.9 kJ mol−1. The possible catalysis reaction mechanism was proposed. The acid‐base groups on the catalyst play an important role in proton extraction and transfer, as well as in the rotation of local carbon chain, which leads to the highly selective isomerization of glucose into fructose under mild conditions.
A Multicomponent Approach to Oxazolidinone Synthesis Catalyzed by Rare‐Earth Metal Amides
Authors: Zhou Meixia , Zheng Xizhou , Wang Yaorong , Yuan Dan , Yao Yingming 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThree‐component reaction of epoxides, amines, and dimethyl carbonate catalyzed by rare‐earth metal amides has been developed to synthesize oxazolidinones. 47 examples of 3,5‐disubstituted oxazolidinones were prepared in 13–97 % yields. This is a simple and most practical method which employs easily available substrates and catalysts, and is applicable to a wide range of aromatic and aliphatic amines, as well as mono‐substituted epoxides. Scope of disubstituted epoxides is rather limited, which requires further study. Preliminary mechanistic study reveals two possible reaction pathways through intermediates of β‐amino alcohols or amides.
Cognitive–affective strategies and cortisol stress reactivity in children and adolescents: Normative development and effects of early life stress
Authors: Johnson Anna E. , Perry Nicole B. , Hostinar Camelia E. , Gunnar Megan R. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis study examined cognitive–affective strategies as predictors of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis responses to a social‐evaluative stressor in adolescence as compared to late childhood as a function of early life experiences. Participants included 159 children (9–10 years) and adolescents (15–16 years) divided into two groups based on early care experiences: non‐adopted youth raised in their birth families (n = 81) and post‐institutionalized youth internationally adopted from orphanage care (n = 78). Youth completed a version of the Trier Social Stress Test modified for use with children and reported on their trait emotion regulation and coping strategies. Children reported more use of suppression and disengagement than adolescents, while adolescents reported more engagement coping strategies. Non‐adopted and post‐institutionalized youth did not differ in reported strategies. Cognitive reappraisal predicted higher cortisol reactivity in non‐adopted children and adolescents, and was not associated with reactivity in the post‐institutionalized group. This study has implications for efforts aimed at promoting self‐regulation and adaptive stress responses during the transition to adolescence for both typically developing children and children who experienced adverse early care.
High throughput measure of diversity in cytoplasmic and nuclear traits for unravelling geographic distribution of rosemary
Authors: Nunziata Angelina , De Benedetti Laura , Marchioni Ilaria , Cervelli Claudio 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn the present work, variability of both cytoplasmic and nuclear microsatellite traits was investigated with the aim of characterizing a set of rosemary germplasm resources (Salvia rosmarinus). Most of the materials were collected in Italy and France. High‐resolution melting curves were compared each other computing their Euclidean distances and estimating the differences within their principal component as a measure of genetic diversity. Mantel correlation results combined to linear discriminant analysis allowed examined populations to be divided in four principal groups corresponding to four geographic areas, with few interesting and discussed exceptions. As rosemary propagates by seeds coming from insect mediated pollination, steady wild populations can be expected to be in panmictic equilibrium. Gained results confirmed and extended precedent characterization of rosemary genotypes and are compatible with the distribution of other Mediterranean species, as well as with the presence of a glacial refugium in the north‐east area of Sardinia previously described. As the officinal use of this aromatic shrub is spreading, characterization and conservation of wild Mediterranean germplasm is gaining strategic importance. A core collection of 100 genotypes was pointed out as suitable for a cheaper biodiversity ex situ preservation as well as for subsequent metabolic and linkage disequilibrium analyses.
Birds of a feather flock together: Functionally similar vertebrates positively co‐occur in Guianan forests
Authors: Denis Thomas , Richard‐Hansen Cécile , Brunaux Olivier , Guitet Stéphane , Hérault Bruno 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMedium‐ and large‐sized vertebrates play a key role in shaping overall forest functioning. Despite this, vertebrate interactions, from competition to mutualism, remain poorly studied, even though these interactions should be taken into account in our conservation and management strategies. Thus, we tackled the question of vertebrate co‐occurrence in tropical rainforests: Are (negative or positive) co‐occurrences dependent on forest structure and composition? and Are these co‐occurrences linked to functional species similarity? We recorded the occurrence of 21 medium‐ and large‐sized vertebrates in 19 French Guianan locations in which a large set of forest structure and composition descriptors were collected. We used a probabilistic model to look for co‐occurrences at different spatial scales, and species pairwise co‐occurrences were then compared to those generated solely on the basis of forest structure and composition. We then quantified the co‐occurrence strength between pairwise species dyads and determined whether they relied on species functional similarity, controlling for the environmental effects. We found that positive co‐occurrences vastly outnumbered negative co‐occurrences, were only partly shaped by the local environment, and were closely linked to species functional similarity. Thus, groups of species sharing similar functional traits are more prone to co‐occur, highlighting the key role of functional redundancy in structuring species assemblages. We discuss how positive interactions could generate the predominance of positive co‐occurrences in oligotrophic terra firme (unflooded) forests when resources are scarce and dispersed in dry season. Finally, we identified functional groups based on co‐occurrence strength and suggested that frugivory/granivory and body size are of primary importance in species interactions in Neotropical vertebrate communities.
Accounting for heterogeneous invasion rates reveals management impacts on the spatial expansion of an invasive species
Authors: Pepin Kim M. , Wolfson David W. , Miller Ryan S. , Tabak Michael A. , Snow Nathan P. , VerCauteren Kurt C. , Davis Amy J. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSuccess of large‐scale control programs for established invasive species is challenging to evaluate because of spatial variability in expansion rates, management techniques, and the strength of management intensity. For a well‐established invasive species in the spreading phase of invasion, a useful metric of impact is the magnitude by which control slows the rate of spatial spread. The prevention of spatial spreading likely results in substantial benefits in terms of ecosystem or economic damage that is prevented by an expanding invasive species. To understand how local management actions could impact the spatial spread of an established invasive species, we analyzed distribution and management data for feral swine across contiguous United States using occupancy analysis. We quantified changes in the rate of spatial expansion of feral swine and its relationship to local management actions. We found that after 4 yr of enhanced control, invasion probability decreased by 8% on average relative to pre‐program rates. This decrease was as high as 15% on average in states with low‐density populations of feral swine. The amount of decrease in invasion rate was attributed to removal intensity in neighboring counties and depended on the extent of neighboring counties with feral swine (spatial heterogeneity in local invasion pressure). Although we did not find a significant overall increase in the probability of elimination, increased elimination probability tended to occur in regions with low invasion pressure. Accounting for spatial heterogeneity in invasion pressure was important for quantifying management impacts (i.e., the relationship between management intensity and spatial spreading processes) because management impacts changed depending on the strength of invasion pressure from neighboring counties. Predicting reduction in spatial spread of an invasive species is an important first step in valuation of overall damage reduction for invasive species control programs by providing estimates of where a species may be, and thus which natural and agricultural resources would be affected, if the control program had not been operating. For minimizing losses from spatial expansion of an invasive species, our framework can be used for adaptive resource prioritization to areas where spatial expansion and underlying damage potential are concurrently highest.