bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sodium hydrosulphide restores tumour necrosis factor‐α‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic dysregulation in HL‐1 cells
Authors: Lee Ting‐I , Kao Yu‐Hsun , Baigalmaa Lkhagva , Lee Ting‐Wei , Lu Yen‐Yu , Chen Yao‐Chang , Chao Tze‐Fan , Chen Yi‐Jen 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α induces cardiac metabolic disorder and mitochondrial dysfunction. Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) contains anti‐inflammatory and biological effects in cardiomyocytes. This study investigated whether H2S modulates TNF‐α‐dysregulated mitochondrial function and metabolism in cardiomyocytes. HL‐1 cells were incubated with TNF‐α (25 ng/mL) with or without sodium hydrosulphide (NaHS, 0.1 mmol/L) for 24 hours. Cardiac peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR) isoforms, pro‐inflammatory cytokines, receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and fatty acid metabolism were evaluated through Western blotting. The mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production were investigated using Seahorse XF24 extracellular flux analyzer and bioluminescence assay. Fluorescence intensity using 2′, 7′‐dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate was used to evaluate mitochondrial oxidative stress. NaHS attenuated the impaired basal and maximal respiration, ATP production and ATP synthesis and enhanced mitochondrial oxidative stress in TNF‐α‐treated HL‐1 cells. TNF‐α‐treated HL‐1 cells exhibited lower expression of PPAR‐α, PPAR‐δ, phosphorylated 5′ adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase‐α2, phosphorylated acetyl CoA carboxylase, carnitine palmitoyltransferase‐1, PPAR‐γ coactivator 1‐α and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 protein, but higher expression of PPAR‐γ, interleukin‐6 and RAGE protein than control or combined NaHS and TNF‐α‐treated HL‐1 cells. NaHS modulates the effects of TNF‐α on mitochondria and the cardiometabolic system, suggesting its therapeutic potential for inflammation‐induced cardiac dysfunction.
Testis developmental related gene 1 regulates the chemosensitivity of seminoma TCam‐2 cells to cisplatin via autophagy
Authors: Peng Dongyi , Wei Jingchao , Gan Yu , Yang Jianfu , Jiang Xianzhen , Kitazawa Riko , Xiang Yali , Dai Yingbo , Tang Yuxin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe previously identified testis developmental related gene 1 (TDRG1), a gene implicated in proliferation of TCam‐2 seminoma cells. Recent evidence has revealed that autophagy influences the chemosensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy. However, whether TDRG1 protein regulates autophagy in seminoma cells and influences their sensitivity to cis‐dichlorodiammine platinum (CDDP) remains unknown. In this study, we used TCam‐2 cells and male athymic BALB/c nude mice with xenografts of TCam‐2 cells to investigate autophagy, cell viability, apoptosis and the p110β/Rab5/Vps34 (PI3‐kinase Class III) pathway under the conditions of TDRG1 overexpression or knockdown and with or without CDDP treatment. We found that TDRG1 upregulation promoted autophagy in both TCam‐2 cells and seminoma xenografts via p110β/Rab5/Vps34 activation. Inhibition of autophagy reduced cell viability and promoted apoptosis during CDDP treatment of TCam‐2 cells. Similarly, TDRG1 knockdown inhibited autophagy, reduced cell viability and promoted apoptosis during CDDP treatment of TCam‐2 cells. TDRG1 knockdown inhibited tumour growth and promoted apoptosis in TCam‐2 cell xenografts, whereas TDRG1 overexpression had the opposite effect. According to these results, we propose that high expression of TDRG1 promotes autophagy through the p110β/Rab5/Vps34 pathway in TCam‐2 cells. TDRG1 overexpression promotes autophagy and leads to CDDP resistance, whereas TDRG1 knockdown inhibits autophagy and promotes chemosensitivity to CDDP both in vivo and in vitro. This study has uncovered a novel role of TDRG1 in reducing chemoresistance during CDDP treatment and provides potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment of human seminoma.
The non‐coding RNome after splenectomy
Authors: Dragomir Mihnea P. , Tudor Stefan , Okubo Keishi , Shimizu Masayoshi , Chen Meng , Giza Dana Elena , He William Ruixian , Ivan Cristina , Calin George A. , Vasilescu Catalin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSplenectomy is a common surgical procedure performed in millions of people worldwide. Epidemiologic data show that splenectomy is followed by infectious (sepsis) and non‐infectious complications, with unknown mechanisms. In order to explore the role of the non‐coding transcripts involved in these complications, we analysed a panel of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs), which were previously reported to be deregulated in sepsis, in the plasma of splenectomized patients. MiR‐223 was overexpressed immediately and late after splenectomy, while miR‐146a was overexpressed immediately after splenectomy, returning latter to basal levels; and miR‐16, miR‐93, miR‐26a and miR‐26b were overexpressed only late after splenectomy, suggesting similarities with sepsis. We also explored the non‐coding (nc)RNome of circulating peripheral blood leucocytes by performing a ncRNA full genome profiling. We observed a reorganization of the ncRNoma after splenectomy, characterized by up‐regulation of miRNAs and down‐regulation of transcribed pyknons (T‐PYKs). Pathway analysis revealed that deregulated miRNAs control pathways involved in immunity, cancer and endothelial growth. We checked the expression of the ncRNAs in 15 immune cell types from healthy donors and observed that plasma miRNAs, cellular miRNAs and T‐PYKs have a cell‐specific expression pattern and are abundant in different types of immune cells. These findings suggest that the ncRNAs potentially regulate the immune changes observed after splenectomy.
Do Teachers Consider Advice? On the Acceptance of Computerized Expert Models
Authors: Kaufmann Esther , Budescu David V. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe literature suggests that simple expert (mathematical) models can improve the quality of decisions, but people are not always eager to accept and endorse such models. We ran three online experiments to test the receptiveness to advice from computerized expert models. Middle‐ and high‐school teachers (N = 435) evaluated student profiles that varied in several personal and task relevant factors. They were offered (Studies I and II), or could ask for (Study III), advice from either expert models or human advisors. Overall, teachers requested and followed advice of expert models less frequently than advice from humans. Task‐relevant factors (task difficulty) seem to be more salient than personal factors for teachers’ willingness to receive advice.
Flood hydrograph prediction in a semiarid mountain catchment: The role of catchment subdivision
Authors: Rezaei‐Sadr Hassan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe effect of different degrees of catchment subdivision coupled with the nonlinear storage–discharge relationship on hydrograph prediction is evaluated in a meso‐scale catchment in the Zagros mountain region, southwest of Iran. The catchment is divided into different sets of subcatchments based on catchment geomorphology, and runoff hydrographs are simulated for each set using a network‐based runoff routing model, watershed‐bounded network model. It is shown that, in the absence of fully distributed data, if a semidistribution of storage–discharge is taken into consideration in the modeling process, lumped rainfall data could provide valuable information on the hydrological response of catchment in data‐scarce regions, which are usually found in remote areas, such as mountains. Although the results suggest that catchment subdivision leads to more accurate results, a subcatchment area threshold of about 3% of the catchment extent is found. Below this, no further improvement in simulation accuracy can be achieved, probably because of the limitations of the data interpolation method used by the model.
The lost portrait of Robert Hooke?
Authors: GRIFFING LAWRENCE R. 
Published: September 2019

SummaryThis letter considers the ‘Portrait of a Mathematician’ attributed to Mary Beale in the 1680s as a likely candidate for a portrait of Robert Hooke made during his lifetime. It closely matches the physical descriptions of Hooke made by his biographers who knew him, Richard Waller (d. 1715) and John Aubrey (1626–1697). The portrait contains a remarkable diagram, as well as its mechanical analogue, demonstrating the elliptical orbit of a body under constant force similar to an unpublished, unfinished 1685 manuscript by Hooke. It also contains a landscape, which is likely to be Lowther Castle and its associated church. Hooke provided designs for the Lowther castle church renovations completed in 1686. The portraitist, Mary Beale, knew Hooke and was very familiar with the Lowther family, who commissioned 30 portraits from her. The diagram and armillary sphere in the portrait establish Hooke's contribution to the theory of gravity. Their presence may have been one of the reasons the portrait was not purchased and kept by the Royal Society. It might have diminished the legacy of Isaac Newton.
Adaptation and Implementation of a Family Caregiver Skills Training Program: From Single Site RCT to Multisite Pragmatic Intervention
Authors: Shepherd‐Banigan Megan , Kaufman Brystana G. , Decosimo Kasey , Dadolf Joshua , Boucher Nathan A. , Mahanna Elizabeth P. , Bruening Rebecca , Sullivan Caitlin , Wang Virginia , Hastings S. Nicole , Allen Kelli D. , Sperber Nina , Coffman Cynthia J. , Van Houtven Courtney H. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPurposeWe describe an approach to rapidly adapt and implement an education and skills improvement intervention to address the needs of family caregivers of functionally impaired veterans—Helping Invested Families Improve Veterans’ Experience Study (HI‐FIVES).DesignPrior to implementation in eight sites, a multidisciplinary study team made systematic adaptations to the curriculum content and delivery process using input from the original randomized controlled trial (RCT); a stakeholder advisory board comprised of national experts in caregiver education, nursing, and implementation; and a veteran/caregiver engagement panel. To address site‐specific implementation barriers in diverse settings, we applied the Replicating Effective Programs implementation framework.FindingsAdaptations to HI‐FIVES content and delivery included identifying core/noncore curriculum components, reducing instruction time, and simplifying caregiver recruitment for clinical settings. To enhance curriculum flexibility and potential uptake, site personnel were able to choose which staff would deliver the intervention and whether to offer class sessions in person or remotely. Curriculum materials were standardized and packaged to reduce the time required for implementation and to promote fidelity to the intervention.ConclusionsThe emphasis on flexible intervention delivery and standardized materials has been identified as strengths of the adaptation process. Two key challenges have been identifying feasible impact measures and reaching eligible caregivers for intervention recruitment.Clinical RelevanceThis systematic implementation process can be used to rapidly adapt an intervention to diverse clinical sites and contexts. Nursing professionals play a significant role in educating and supporting caregivers and care recipients and can take a leading role to implement interventions that address skills and unmet needs for caregivers.
Reduction of olfactory and respiratory turbinates in the transition of whales from land to sea: the semiaquatic middle Eocene Aegyptocetus tarfa
Authors: Peri Emanuele , Gingerich Philip D. , Aringhieri Giacomo , Bianucci Giovanni 
Published: September 2019

AbstractEthmoturbinates, nasoturbinates, and maxilloturbinates are well developed in the narial tract of land‐dwelling artiodactyls ancestral to whales, but these are greatly reduced or lost entirely in modern whales. Aegyptocetus tarfa is a semiaquatic protocetid from the middle Eocene of Egypt. Computed axial tomography scans of the skull show that A. tarfa retained all three sets of turbinates like a land mammal. It is intermediate between terrestrial artiodactyls and aquatic whales in reduction of the turbinates. Ethmoturbinates in A. tarfa have 26% of the surface area expected for an artiodactyl. These have an olfactory function and indicate that early whales retained a sense of smell in the transition from land to sea. Maxilloturbinates in A. tarfa have 6% of the surface area expected for an artiodactyl. These have a respiratory function and their markedly reduced size suggests that rapid inhalation and exhalation was already more important than warming and humidifying air, in contrast to extant land mammals. Finally, the maxilloturbinates of A. tarfa, although greatly reduced, still show some degree of similarity to those of artiodactyls, supporting the phylogenetic affinity of cetaceans and artiodactyls based on morphological and molecular evidence.
Multiplicative effect of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on academic performance: A longitudinal study of Chinese students
Authors: Liu Yuan , Hau Kit‐Tai , Liu Hongyun , Wu Jing , Wang Xiaofang , Zheng Xin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveFor Chinese students, learning is seen as their duty and obligation to the society and their parents. Thus, in contrast to the Western students, the effects of extrinsic motivation on academic performance may not necessarily be always negative. The present study examined the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, as well as their multiplicative effect among Chinese students.MethodA total of 13,799 students in China were followed longitudinally in three waves (Grade 10, beginning of school year, midyear, and end‐of‐year; 5‐month interval each). The main and multiplicative effects of intrinsic and extrinsic motivations were used to predict academic growth in a latent growth model.ResultsThe multiplicative effect between intrinsic and extrinsic motivations showed that extrinsic motivation was detrimental to academic performance for students with high intrinsic motivation. For students with low intrinsic motivation, however, the extrinsic motivation helped to improve academic performance. Worth noting, intrinsic motivation also had a moderate positive effect on academic performance.ConclusionsFor Chinese learners, interest is not the only key motive to learn. Extrinsic reasons could facilitate students’ learning when they are not interested in the subject. Extrinsic motivation harms only for highly intrinsically motivated students.
Korean College Students' Personal Perception of Emerging Adulthood and Its Relations with Identity, Psychiatric Symptoms, Smartphone Problems, and Alcohol Problems
Authors: Kim Gahee , Kim Geunyoung 
Published: September 2019

AbstractEmerging adulthood has recently become one of the hottest topics in the field of adult development, yet the variabilities in the experience of emerging adulthood need further examination. The present study focused on two factors that contribute to the variations of emerging adulthood: first, the impact of personal perception about adulthood; and second, information about Korean college students' identity maturity, depression, anxiety, smartphone problems, and alcohol‐related problems. Data from 211 Korean college students indicated that subjective perception of reaching adulthood was significantly related to identity maturity, depression, and anxiety, even after the impacts of chronological age and sex were controlled. Smartphone problems and alcohol‐related problems were not associated with the perception of adulthood. These results suggest that the subjective interpretation of reaching adulthood might be more important than chronological age in terms of relationships with psychological well‐being.
Feed preference and growth response of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei to supplementation of marine chemoattractants in a fishmeal‐challenged diet
Authors: Nunes Alberto J. P. , Sabry‐Neto Hassan , Oliveira‐Neto Severino , Burri Lena 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis study compared the feed preference and growth response of Litopenaeus vannamei to chemoattractants. A diet with 3% fishmeal was supplemented with either 3% salmon meal (POS), 3% soy protein concentrate (NEG), 3% krill meal (KRM), 3% squid meal (SQM), 3% shrimp head meal (SHM), 3% shrimp meal (SM), 3% squid liver meal (SLM), or 5% liquid sardine hydrolysate (SAH). Shrimp with a body weight (BW) of 0.99 ± 0.08 g were stocked at 100 animals/m2 in 56 tanks of 1 m3 and fed 10 times daily for 74 days. Feed preference was evaluated by feeding shrimp of 10.87 ± 1.82 g in excess twice a day for 10 days in two separate feeding trays allocated in 50 tanks of 0.5 m3. Survival reached 93.3 ± 5.80% and was unaffected by supplementation. Final BW was the highest for shrimp fed the KRM‐supplemented diet (11.97 ± 0.93 g), followed by POS (11.11 ± 0.77 g) and SQM (11.01 ± 1.17 g). Diets SHM, SM, SLM, and NEG showed a lower shrimp BW than POS, but were not statistically different among them. Shrimp fed the SAH diet achieved the lowest BW (10.06 ± 1.02 g). The highest gained yield was obtained with diets KRM and POS. No statistical difference was observed in shrimp yield among other diets. The lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) was achieved with shrimp fed KRM (1.31 ± 0.05) when compared to diets SHM (1.47 ± 0.05), SAH (1.47 ± 0.07), and SLM (1.45 ± 0.17). Two‐by‐two comparisons indicated that shrimp preferred SHM and KRM, except when these were compared to SQM and SLM. No difference in feed preference was found between diets with SQM and SLM. SAH was the least preferred raw material in all comparisons. Results indicated that KRM acts as a powerful feeding effector and growth enhancer in fishmeal‐challenged diets for whiteleg shrimp. A dietary supplementation with 3% KRM is more effective than the same dose of any other chemoattractant evaluated.
Assessing General Education and Special Education Majors’ Self‐Efficacy for Teaching Reading
Authors: Jordan Rebecca L. P. , Garwood Justin , Trathen Woodrow 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn an era of teacher quality reforms, one overlooked area for assessing readiness for teaching is education majors’ self‐efficacy for teaching reading. This gap is unfortunate, as teaching reading is a common responsibility among general and special education teachers. In the current push for RTI—one in which more general education teachers are increasingly called upon to provide reading support to students with learning disabilities, in addition to the support received from special educators—it is important to determine preservice teachers’ self‐efficacy for teaching reading. Self‐efficacy is an important construct to consider as it is related to eventual teacher attrition. The purpose of the current study was to develop a scale to measure elementary and special education majors’ self‐efficacy for teaching reading. With a sample of 110 education majors, a three‐factor scale was developed and demonstrated strong psychometric properties. Implications for the future of teacher education programs are discussed.
Genetic rescue by distant trees mitigates qualitative pollen limitation imposed by fine‐scale spatial genetic structure
Authors: Castilla Antonio R. , Garrote Pedro J. , Żywiec Magdalena , Calvo Gemma , Suárez‐Esteban Alberto , Delibes Miguel , Godoy José A. , Picó F. Xavier , Fedriani Jose M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRestricted seed dispersal frequently leads to fine‐scale spatial genetic structure (i.e., FSGS) within plant populations. Depending on its spatial extent and the mobility of pollinators, this inflated kinship at the immediate neighbourhood can critically impoverish pollen quality. Despite the common occurrence of positive FSGS within plant populations, our knowledge regarding the role of long‐distance pollination preventing reproductive failure is still limited. Using microsatellite markers, we examined the existence of positive FSGS in two low‐density populations of the tree Pyrus bourgaeana. We also designed controlled crosses among trees differing in their kinship to investigate the effects of increased local kinship on plant reproduction. We used six pollination treatments and fully monitored fruit production, fruit and seed weight, proportion of mature seeds per fruit, and seed germination. Our results revealed positive FSGS in both study populations and lower fruit initiation in flowers pollinated with pollen from highly‐genetically related individuals within the neighbourhood, with this trend intensifying as the fruit development progressed. Besides, open‐pollinated flowers exhibited lower performance compared to those pollinated by distant pollen donors, suggesting intense qualitative pollen limitation in natural populations. We found positive fine‐scale spatial genetic structure is translated into impoverished pollen quality from nearby pollen donors which negatively impacts the reproductive success of trees in low‐density populations. Under this scenario of intrapopulation genetic rescue by distant pollen donors, the relevance of highly‐mobile pollinators for connecting spatially and genetically distant patches of trees may be crucial to safeguarding population recruitment.
Interactions between psychiatric and physical disorders and their effects on the risks of suicide: a nested case–control study
Authors: Chang Ching‐Feng , Yeh Ming‐kung , Chien Wu‐Chien , Chung Chi‐Hsiang , Li Tzu‐Ting , Lai Edward Chia‐Cheng 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPrevious studies, which included predominantly Caucasian populations, examined psychiatric and physical illness and associated suicide risk. We used a nationwide database to reassess the findings in an Asian population, and also analyzed the influence of different onset timing of psychiatric and physical illness and the suicide risk. We included 55,630 suicide cases aged 20–110 years. Using an incidence density sampling approach, we selected 222,520 controls matched by age, sex, and residence area from 2000 to 2012. We included most major psychiatric and physical illnesses defined by ICD‐9‐CM codes with anatomical classifications. By using conditional logistic regression models with adjustment of covariates, such as patients’ marital status and education levels, we found that patients with psychiatric illness had higher suicide risk (adjusted IRR, 7.72; 95% CI: 7.35–8.09) compared with those with neither physical nor psychiatric illness and the risk increased substantially in patients with both psychiatric and physical illnesses (adjusted IRR, 18.35; 95% CI: 16.40–20.86). Specifically, we found the suicide risk was relatively higher (adjusted IRR, 1.28; 95% CI: 1.10–1.40) when psychiatric disorders occurred before physical illness compared with the other way around. The findings warrant attention to high suicide risk and preventive treatments in patients with both psychiatric and physical illnesses.