bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immediate clinical outcomes of left bundle branch area pacing vs conventional right ventricular pacing
Authors: Zhang JunMeng , Wang Zefeng , Cheng Liting , Zu Linna , Liang Zhuo , Hang Fei , Wang Xinlu , Li Xiaoyan , Su Ruijuan , Du Jie , Wu Yongquan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundLeft bundle branch area pacing (LBBaP) is a new physiological pacing strategy that produces comparable clinical effects to His bundle pacing (HBP).ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the immediate clinical outcomes of LBBaP vs RVP.Methods and ResultsFrom April 2018 to September 2018, we included 44 patients under continuous pacemaker implantation. Patients were randomly divided into the LBBaP group and conventional RVP group. Compared to the RVP group, the LBBaP group displayed significantly increased operative (90.10 ± 19.68 minutes vs 61.57 ± 6.62 minutes, P < .001) and X‐ray exposure times (15.55 ± 5.62 minutes vs 4.67 ± 2.06 minutes, P < .001). The lead threshold of the LBBaP group was increased (0.68 ± 0.20 mV vs 0.51 ± 0.0 mV, P = .001), while the R‐wave amplitude and ventricular impedance did not significantly differ between the two groups. The conventional RVP procedure significantly widened the QRS complex (93.62 ± 8.28 ms vs 135.19 ± 12.21 ms, P = .001), whereas the LBBaP had no effect on QRS complex (130.13 ± 43.30 ms vs 112.63 ± 12.14 ms, P = .904). Furthermore, the LBBaP procedure significantly narrowed the QRS complex in patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB) (168.43 ± 38.870 ms vs 119.86 ± 6.69 ms, P = .019).ConclusionLBBaP is a new physiological, safe and effective pacing procedure with a high overall success rate. Compared to conventional RVP, LBBaP can correct LBBB, thereby improving cardiac electrical dyssynchrony.
Small‐Molecule Activators of Glucose‐6‐phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Bridging the Dimer Interface
Authors: Raub Andrew G. , Hwang Sunhee , Horikoshi Naoki , Cunningham Anna D. , Rahighi Simin , Wakatsuki Soichi , Mochly‐Rosen Daria 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe recently identified AG1, a small‐molecule activator that functions by promoting oligomerization of glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) to the catalytically competent forms. Biochemical experiments indicate that the activation of G6PD by the original hit molecule (AG1) is noncovalent and that one C2‐symmetric region of the G6PD homodimer is important for ligand function. Consequently, the disulfide in AG1 is not required for activation of G6PD, and a number of analogues were prepared without this reactive moiety. Our study supports a mechanism of action whereby AG1 bridges the dimer interface at the structural nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) binding sites of two interacting G6PD monomers. Small molecules that promote G6PD oligomerization have the potential to provide a first‐in‐class treatment for G6PD deficiency. This general strategy could be applied to other enzyme deficiencies in which control of oligomerization can enhance enzymatic activity and/or stability.
Electrically Conducting Nanocomposites of Carbon Nanotubes and Metal‐Organic Frameworks with Strong Interactions between the two Components
Authors: Schulze Hendrik A. , Hoppe Bastian , Schäfer Malte , Warwas Dawid P. , Behrens Peter 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHighly integrated nanocomposites of Zr‐based metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) of the UiO‐66 class and multi‐wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are prepared by direct crystallization of MOFs in the presence of CNTs. Powder samples with homogeneously distributed and strongly intergrown nanotubes and nanoparticles are obtained. Growth of the MOFs in the presence of CNTs deposited on glass slides yields open or compact coatings of the nanocomposites. The materials combine the high porosity and versatility of MOFs with the high electrical conductivities of CNTs. Upon increasing the amount of CNTs in the synthesis, the electrical conductivity shows a clear percolation behavior. Even with small amounts of CNTs, high conductivities are observed. SEM and TEM pictures show the strong intergrowth between the CNTs and the MOF nanoparticles. Crystallization times are shorter in the presence of CNTs, and CNTs run centrally through the MOF crystals. These facts indicate that the CNTs serve as heterogeneous nucleation centers for the formation of MOF nanocrystals. Sensing experiments performed on the coatings show significant changes in the electrical conductivities of the nanocomposite materials in the presence of different analytes, which are also discernable from the changes observed on bare CNTs. This is further proof for the close interaction between the components of the nanocomposites.
Catalytic Mechanism of CO Oxidation on Three‐Silicon‐Doped Hexagonal Boron Nitride
Authors: Ma Chaoqun , Liu Bingping , Wang Hai , Yan Shihai 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDoped nanomaterials show extremely high atom efficiency, low cost, high stability and activity for CO oxidation, bridging the gap between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. The catalytic mechanism of CO oxidation on three‐silicon‐doped h‐BN is reported. The adsorption of O2 is more advantageous than CO. The electron transfer from the dopant activates the adsorbed O2 and initiates the following CO oxidation. The oxidation process includes O2 adsorption, electron transfer, CO adsorption, oxygen transfer, and CO2 desorption. The energy barriers for the generation of two CO2 molecules in N vacancy dopant are 0.50 and 0.33 eV, respectively. The enhanced catalytic performance indicates that three‐silicon‐doped h‐BN has potential applications to fabricate low cost and high activity BN‐based metal‐free catalysts.
Influences of lighting time course and background on categorical colour constancy with RGB‐LED light sources
Authors: Ma Ruiqing , Liao Ningfang , Yan Pengfei , Shinomori Keizo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSome previous studies have investigated the influence of the lighting time course and viewing background on the colour constancy using two‐dimensional flat stimuli simulated on a monitor. In the present study, we investigated the categorical colour constancy in real scenes by manipulating (a) the lighting time course, that is, adaptation period to the illuminant (brief adaptation or complete adaptation) and (b) the background structure of a stimulus (a uniform gray background with an approximately 25% spectral reflectance or a multicolour background consisting of the Macbeth ColorChecker and some fruit models). The neutral (u′= 0.1994,v′= 0.4671), red (u′= 0.2433,v′= 0.4622), green (u′= 0.1525,v′= 0.4697), blue (u′= 0.2049,v′= 0.4198), and yellow (u′= 0.1892,v′= 0.5112) illuminants were produced by an RGB‐LED lamp. For each chromatic illumination condition, subjects categorized 240 surfaces with Munsell Value 5/ in four viewing conditions with different combinations of the lighting time course and the background structure. A total of seven subjects participated in experiments with red and green illuminants and five subjects with blue and yellow illuminants. The results showed that the constancy index was the lowest (0.66) in the brief adaptation and gray background condition and the highest (0.74) in the complete adaptation and multicolour background condition. The results suggest that increasing the adaptation period alone or adding chromatic cues in the background with a brief adaptation can help to improve the colour constancy, and a time‐taking reference to surrounding coloured objects with the long presentation of the illuminant may also contribute to obtaining colour constancy.
In‐Situ Growth of Gadolinium Phthalocyaninato Sandwich Complexes on the Ag(111) Surface
Authors: Urgel José I. , Écija David , Vijayaraghavan Saranyan , Pörtner Mathias , Bocquet Marie‐Laure , Auwärter Willi , Barth Johannes V. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe report a low‐temperature scanning tunneling microscopy investigation of the in‐situ growth of gadolinium phthalocyaninato complexes by combined deposition of free‐base phthalocyanines and gadolinium atoms on a smooth Ag(111) substrate. A careful control of the stoichiometry allows the expression of a multilevel structurecomposed of irregularly distributed Gdx‐1(Pc)x complexes, x=2–5, thus paving new avenues for surface‐confined columnar growth.
Record Low Ionization Potentials of Alkali Metal Complexes with Crown Ethers and Cryptands
Authors: Tkachenko Nikolay V. , Sun Zhong‐Ming , Boldyrev Alexander I. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractElectronic properties of series of alkali metals complexes with crown ethers and cryptands were studied via DFT hybrid functionals. For [M([2.2.2]crypt)] (M=Li, Na, K) extremely low (1.70–1.52 eV) adiabatic ionization potentials were found. Such low values of ionization energies are significantly lower than those of alkali metal atoms. Thus, the investigated complexes can be defined as superalkalis. As a result, our investigation opens up new directions in the designing of chemical species with record low ionization potentials and extends the explanation of the ability of the cryptates and alkali crown ether complexes to stabilize multiple charged Zintl ions.
On‐Surface Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterization of Laterally Extended Chevron Graphene Nanoribbons
Authors: Teeter Jacob D. , Zahl Percy , Mehdi Pour Mohammad , Costa Paulo S. , Enders Axel , Sinitskii Alexander 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe report the on‐surface synthesis and spectroscopic study of laterally extended chevron graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) and compare them with the established chevron GNRs, emphasizing the consistency of bandgap reduction of semiconducting GNRs with increased width. The laterally extended chevron GNRs grown on Au(111) exhibit a bandgap of about 2.2 eV, which is considerably smaller than the values reported for chevron GNRs in similar studies.
Direct Conversion of CO2 to Multi‐Layer Graphene using Cu–Pd Alloys
Authors: Molina‐Jirón Concepción , Chellali Mohammed Reda , Kumar C. N. Shyam , Kübel Christian , Velasco Leonardo , Hahn Horst , Moreno‐Pineda Eufemio , Ruben Mario 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA straightforward one‐step process was developed, in which CO2 gas is directly converted into multi‐layer graphene via atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD). A bimetallic alloy film based on Cu and Pd was employed as the catalyst and substrate. In this study, we found that the quantity of Cu required for the CO2 conversion process is high (>82 at %). The findings gained in this study serve as a foundation for further studies of metallic alloys for the thermo‐reduction of CO2 to graphene under CVD conditions.
The importance of sample size in marine megafauna tagging studies
Authors: Sequeira A. M. M. , Heupel M. R. , Lea M.‐A. , Eguíluz V. M. , Duarte C. M. , Meekan M. G. , Thums M. , Calich H. J. , Carmichael R. H. , Costa D. P. , Ferreira L. C. , Fernandéz‐Gracia J. , Harcourt R. , Harrison A.‐L. , Jonsen I. , McMahon C. R. , Sims D. W. , Wilson R. P. , Hays G. C. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTelemetry is a key, widely used tool to understand marine megafauna distribution, habitat use, behavior, and physiology; however, a critical question remains: “How many animals should be tracked to acquire meaningful data sets?” This question has wide‐ranging implications including considerations of statistical power, animal ethics, logistics, and cost. While power analyses can inform sample sizes needed for statistical significance, they require some initial data inputs that are often unavailable. To inform the planning of telemetry and biologging studies of marine megafauna where few or no data are available or where resources are limited, we reviewed the types of information that have been obtained in previously published studies using different sample sizes. We considered sample sizes from one to >100 individuals and synthesized empirical findings, detailing the information that can be gathered with increasing sample sizes. We complement this review with simulations, using real data, to show the impact of sample size when trying to address various research questions in movement ecology of marine megafauna. We also highlight the value of collaborative, synthetic studies to enhance sample sizes and broaden the range, scale, and scope of questions that can be answered.
Soil characteristics are associated with gradients of big sagebrush canopy structure after disturbance
Authors: Barnard David M. , Germino Matthew J. , Arkle Robert S. , Bradford John B. , Duniway Michael C. , Pilliod David S. , Pyke David A. , Shriver Robert K. , Welty Justin L. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractReestablishing shrub canopy cover after disturbance in semi‐arid ecosystems, such as sagebrush steppe, is essential to provide wildlife habitat and restore ecosystem functioning. While several studies have explored the effects of landscape and climate factors on the success or failure of sagebrush seeding, the influence of soil properties on gradients of shrub canopy structure in successfully seeded areas remains largely unexplored. In this study, we evaluated associations between soil properties and gradients in sagebrush canopy structure in stands that had successfully reestablished after fire and subsequent seeding treatments. Using a dataset collected across the Great Basin, USA, of sagebrush stands that had burned and reestablished between 1986 and 2013, we tested soil depth and texture, soil surface classification, biological soil crusts plus mean historical precipitation, solar heatload, and fire history as modeling variables to explore gradients in sagebrush canopy structure growth in terms of cover, height, and density. Deeper soils were associated with greater sagebrush canopy structure development in terms of plant density and percent cover, coarser textured soils were associated with greater sagebrush cover and density, and more clayey soils were typically associated with greater height. Biological crust presence was also positively associated with enhanced sagebrush canopy growth, but adding more demographically or morphologically explicit descriptions of biocrust communities did not improve explanatory power. Increasing heatload had a negative effect on sagebrush canopy structure growth, and increased mean annual precipitation was only associated with greater sagebrush height. Given that conservation and restoration of the sagebrush steppe ecosystems has become a priority for land managers, the associations we identify between gradients in post‐fire sagebrush canopy structure growth and field‐identifiable soil characteristics may improve planning of land treatments for sagebrush restoration and the understanding of semi‐arid ecosystem functioning and post‐disturbance dynamics.
Kinetic study of lithium orthosilicate pellets for high‐temperature chemical heat pumps
Authors: Kim Seon Tae , Nihei Takuya , Kurahashi Chisato , Hoshino Hitoshi , Takasu Hiroki , Kato Yukitaka 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLithium orthosilicate/carbon dioxide/zeolite (Li4SiO4/CO2/zeolite) chemical heat pump (CHP) systems have been discussed for storage and transformation of surplus thermal energy (at ∼650°C) generated from renewable and nuclear energy systems. Tablet forms of Li4SiO4 (referred to as K‐tablets) have been developed with a new pelletizing method for practical application in packed bed CHP reactors. To understand the carbonation and decarbonation mechanisms of K‐tablets, a double‐shell model was suggested and used for explaining experimental results. Isothermal carbonation, decarbonation, and cyclic experiments were conducted under several reaction temperatures for characterization of the K‐tablet. The developed K‐tablet exhibited superior carbonation and decarbonation performance compared to pure Li4SiO4 powder at low temperatures, even when the powder was formed into a tablet shape. The K‐tablet also demonstrated enough durability and a stable reacted conversion value (Δx = 0.75) during cyclic experiments under all temperature. Higher kinetic performances of the K‐tablet than those of pure powder at 650°C and 600°C were also confirmed. The K‐tablet exhibited a high Woutput‐max of 9.82 kW/kg‐tablet at 650°C on the 10th cycle and that value was higher than that of the pure powder (3.25 kW/kg‐Li4SiO4) under the same reaction temperature. The developed K‐tablet has sufficient potential as a CHP material for heat transformation of thermal energy at 600°C to 650°C to >700°C.
Predictive value of CCND1/cyclin D1 alterations in the malignant transformation of potentially malignant head and neck disorders: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ramos‐García Pablo , González‐Moles Miguel Ángel , Ayén Ángela , González‐Ruiz Lucía , Gil‐Montoya José Antonio , Ruiz‐Ávila Isabel 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate published evidence on the predictive value of CCND1 amplification/cyclin D1 overexpression as malignant transformation risk markers in potentially malignant disorders (PMDs) of the head and neck.Material and MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus for studies published before June 2018. We conducted a meta‐analysis to quantify the impact of CCND1/cyclin D1 amplification/overexpression on malignant transformation of head and neck PMDs.ResultsNine studies met inclusion criteria. Quantitative evaluation indicated strong statistically significant association between CCND1/cyclin D1 amplification/overexpression and the progression of head and neck PMD to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (risk ratio [RR] = 2.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.37‐3.03, P < .001, and RR = 2.27, 95% CI = 1.32‐3.91, P = .003, respectively). We observed moderate heterogeneity among studies (I2 = 40.7%), and we cannot rule out small‐study effects such as publication bias. The oral cavity subgroup showed the strongest association between CCND1/cyclin D1 amplification/overexpression and progression to cancer.Conclusion
CCND1/cyclin D1 amplification/overexpression is important to predict the malignant transformation risk of head and neck PMDs, especially oral PMDs.
Neuroblastoma involving urinary bladder: A rare type of tumor with diagnostic ambiguity
Authors: Han Lin Aung , Khine Win , Lin Tin Maung , Thu Min 
Published: June 2019

IntroductionNeuroblastoma of urinary tract is an extremely rare type of tumor and only a few cases have been reported worldwide.Case presentationWe presented an adult case of neuroblastoma involving urinary bladder. Patient was a 24‐year‐old man with a history of repeated attack of hematuria. Patient underwent cystoscopy and transuretheral resection of bladder tumor. Biopsy result was “Blastema cell (suggestive of neuroblastoma) with immature ganglion cells.” Immunohistochemistry workup was continued and neuron‐specific enolase and S100 staining were positive. Patient lost to further follow‐up visit.ConclusionAlthough neuroblastoma of skin and peripheral nerve is not a rare disease entity, involvement of deeper structures (especially urinary bladder) is exceptional.
The modulatory effects of luteolin on cyclic AMP/Ciliary neurotrophic factor signaling pathway in experimentally induced autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: El‐Deeb Omnia Safwat , Ghanem Heba Bassiony , El‐Esawy Rasha Osama , Sadek Mona Tayssir 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is considered to be an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) manifested by chronic inflammation. Although its etiology is not completely understood, inflammation and apoptosis are known to be major players involved in its pathogenesis. Luteolin, the naturally occurring flavonoid, is known by strong antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties, yet research studies about its therapeutic role in MS are still lacking. The study aimed to provide insight into effects of luteolin in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by monitoring inflammatory, apoptotic, and antioxidant biochemical parameters in addition to histological examination findings. The study included 45 adult female Wistar rats allocated to three equal groups: (a) group I: control group, (b) group II: EAE group, EAE was induced by single intradermal injection of 0.2 mL inoculum comprising 20‐μg recombinant rat myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), and (c) group III: luteolin‐treated EAE group, luteolin was given in a dose of 10 mg/kg/day, i.p. All groups were subjected to assessment of brain ciliary neurotropic factor (CNTF) mRNA gene expression and measurement of cleaved caspase 3, nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB), cyclic AMP (cAMP), and macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP‐1α) by the ELISA technique, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) level is assessed spectrophotometrically. Compared with the EAE group, luteolin‐treated EAE group showed upregulation of CNTF expression and significant increase in cAMP and TAC levels, while it showed significant decrease in cleaved caspase 3, NF‐κB, and MIP‐1α levels. Based on our data herein, luteolin may provide a promising preclinical therapeutic line in MS being anti‐inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and neurotrophic agent. © 2019 IUBMB Life, 71(9):1401–1408, 2019
Abnormal platelet amyloid‐β precursor protein metabolism in SAMP8 mice: Evidence for peripheral marker in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Chen Lizhi , Xu Shicheng , Wu Tong , Shao Yijia , Luo Li , Zhou Lingqi , Ou Shanshan , Tang Hai , Huang Wenhua , Guo Kaihua , Xu Jie 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSenescence‐accelerated mouse strains have proved to be an accelerated‐aging model, which mimics numerous features with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Three, six, and nine‐month senescence‐accelerated resistant 1 and senescence‐accelerated prone 8 (SAMP8) mice were used in the current study, to unravel potential mechanisms for dementia and explore new diagnostic approaches for AD. The amyloid‐β (Aβ40) and Aβ42 levels were elevated in hippocampi and platelets from SAMP8, along with a reduced α‐secretase expression and an enhanced β‐secretase expression extent with age, compared to control mice. Furthermore, hippocampal Aβ40 and Aβ42 of SAMP8 were positively correlated with platelet of these mice with aging progression. In addition, β‐γ‐secretase‐modulated proteolytic proceeding of amyloid precursor protein in platelet might work through the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathway. These results indicate that platelet could be a potential early marker in the periphery to study the age‐correlative aggregation of the amyloid‐β peptide in patients with AD, while still requiring the considerable study.