bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A phenomenological analysis of LHC neutrino scattering at NLO accuracy matched to parton showers
Authors: van Beekveld Melissa , Ferrario Ravasio Silvia , Groenendijk Eva , Krack Peter , Rojo Juan , Schütze Sánchez Valentina 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe perform a detailed phenomenological study of high-energy neutrino deep inelastic scattering (DIS) focused on LHC far-forward experiments such as FASER$$\nu $$
ν
and SND@LHC. To this aim, we parametrise the neutrino fluxes reaching these LHC far-forward experiments in terms of ‘neutrino PDFs’ encoding their energy and rapidity dependence by means of the LHAPDF framework. We integrate these neutrino PDFs in the recently developed POWHEG-BOX-RES implementation of neutrino-induced DIS to produce predictions accurate at next-to-leading order (NLO) in the QCD coupling matched to parton showers (PS) with Pythia8. We present NLO+PS predictions for final-state distributions within the acceptance for FASER$$\nu $$
ν
and SND@LHC as well as for two experiments of the proposed Forward Physics Facility (FPF), FASER$$\nu $$
ν
2 and FLArE. We quantify the impact of NLO QCD corrections, of the parton showering and hadronisation settings in Pythia8, of the QED shower, and of the incoming neutrino flavour for the description of these observables, and compare our predictions with the GENIE neutrino event generator. Our work demonstrates the relevance of modern higher-order event generators to achieve the key scientific targets of the LHC neutrino experiments.
Dynamics of cosmological phase crossover during Bose–Einstein condensation of dark matter in Tsallis cosmology
Authors: Mondal Subhra , Choudhuri Amitava 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDuring the cosmic evolution process, as the temperature of a cosmological boson gas falls below a certain threshold, a Bose–Einstein condensation process can occur at various points throughout the cosmic history of the Universe. In this model, dark matter, conceptualized as a non-relativistic, Newtonian gravitational condensate is governed by the Gross–Pitaevskii–Poisson system. In our present study, we investigate the Bose–Einstein condensation process of bosonic DM by treating it as an approximate first-order phase transition within a modified cosmological framework, known as Tsallis cosmology. We examine the evolution of relevant physical quantities characterizing the evolution dynamics of the Universe, including energy density, temperature, redshift, scale factor, Hubble parameter, and dimensionless deceleration parameter before, during, and following the Bose–Einstein condensation phase transition takes place. Additionally, we especially investigate the specific era of the evolution of the Universe characterized by a mixture of normal and condensate phases of dark matter. We analyze the behavior of temporal evolution of an important time-dependent parameter, called the condensate dark matter fraction throughout the condensation process and find the time duration of condensation of dark matter in the Tsallis cosmological model. We see that the presence of Bose–Einstein condensate dark matter in the framework of Tsallis-modified cosmology significantly alters the cosmological evolution of the Universe as compared to the standard model of cosmology. We also find for a typical value of Tsallis non-extensive parameter $$\beta =0.35$$

β
=
0.35

, the model could explain an accelerated Universe without invoking any additional energy component and solve the age problem of our Universe.
Research on Decoration of Tourist Homestays and Hotels Based on Digital Image Network Computing
Authors: Li Li 
Published: November 2024

In today’s digital age, the tourism and homestay industry is facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges. With the continuous expansion of the tourism market, tourists’ demands for accommodation experience are becoming increasingly diverse and personalized. Traditional design methods often struggle to quickly respond to these changes, fully showcase regional characteristics, and achieve efficient personalized customization. At the same time, how to integrate modern technology while retaining traditional charm to enhance the attractiveness and comfort of homestays has become an urgent problem to be solved. This paper aims to explore in depth how to use this technological framework to optimize the decoration design of tourist homestays, in order to create living spaces that retain traditional charm and are rich in modern technology. By utilizing digital image network computing technology, it is possible to conduct 3D modeling and virtual simulation of the indoor space of homestays. By simulating different furniture placement and spatial separation schemes, combined with tourist behavior analysis data, the optimal spatial layout scheme is automatically recommended to achieve maximum space utilization and a comfortable living experience. This technology can analyze a large number of color matching cases, combined with the cultural characteristics of the area where the homestay is located, and apply the principles of color psychology to provide personalized color schemes for homestay design. Meanwhile, through style recognition and recommendation algorithms, designers can quickly locate and integrate traditional and modern elements to create unique decorative styles.
Rivaroxaban for 18 Months Versus 6 Months in Patients With Cancer and Acute Low-Risk Pulmonary Embolism: An Open-Label, Multicenter, Randomized Clinical Trial (ONCO PE Trial)
Authors: Yamashita Yugo , Morimoto Takeshi , Muraoka Nao , Shioyama Wataru , Chatani Ryuki , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Nishimoto Yuji , Ogihara Yoshito , Doi Kosuke , Oi Maki , Shiga Taro , Sueta Daisuke , Kim Kitae , Tanabe Yasuhiro , Koitabashi Norimichi , Takada Takuma , Ikeda Satoshi , Nakagawa Hitoshi , Tsukahara Kengo , Shoji Masaaki , Sakamoto Jiro , Hisatake Shinji , Ogino Yutaka , Fujita Masashi , Nakanishi Naohiko , Dohke Tomohiro , Hiramori Seiichi , Nawada Ryuzo , Kaneda Kazuhisa , Ono Koh , Kimura Takeshi 
Published: November 2024

Background: The optimal duration of anticoagulation therapy for patients with cancer and acute low-risk pulmonary embolism (PE) is clinically relevant, but evidence is lacking. Prolonged anticoagulation therapy could have a potential benefit for prevention of thrombotic events; however, it could also increase the risk of bleeding.
Methods: In a multicenter, open-label, adjudicator-blinded, randomized clinical trial at 32 institutions in Japan, we randomly assigned patients with cancer and acute low-risk PE of the simplified version of the Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index score of 1, in a 1:1 ratio, to receive either an 18-month or a 6-month rivaroxaban treatment. The primary end point was recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) at 18 months. The major secondary end point was major bleeding at 18 months according to the criteria of the International Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis. The primary hypothesis was that an 18-month treatment was superior to a 6-month treatment in terms of the primary end point.

Results: From February 2021 to March 2023, 179 patients were randomized, and after the exclusion of one patient who withdrew consent, 178 were included in the intention-to-treat population: 89 patients in the 18-month rivaroxaban group and 89 in the 6-month rivaroxaban group. The mean age was 65.7 years; 47% of the patients were men, and 12% had symptoms of PE at baseline. The primary end point of recurrent VTE occurred in 5 of the 89 patients (5.6%) in the 18-month rivaroxaban group and in 17 of the 89 (19.1%) in the 6-month rivaroxaban group (odds ratio, 0.25 [95% CI, 0.09–0.72];
P
=0.01). Among 22 recurrent VTE, 5 patients presented with a symptomatic recurrent VTE; recurrent PE occurred in 11 patients, including 2 with main and 4 with lobar PEs; and recurrent deep vein thrombosis was seen in 11 patients, including 3 with proximal deep vein thromboses. The major secondary end point of major bleeding occurred in 7 of the 89 patients
(7.8 %) in the 18-month rivaroxaban group and in 5 of the 89 patients (5.6%) in the 6-month rivaroxaban group (odds ratio, 1.43 [95% CI, 0.44–4.70];
P
=0.55).

Conclusions: In patients with cancer and acute low-risk PE of the simplified version of the Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index score of 1, the 18-month rivaroxaban treatment was superior to the 6-month rivaroxaban treatment with respect to recurrent VTE events.
Selective Inference for Change Point Detection by Recurrent Neural Network
Authors: Shiraishi Tomohiro , Miwa Daiki , Le Duy Vo Nguyen , Takeuchi Ichiro 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this study, we investigate the quantification of the statistical reliability of detected change points (CPs) in time series using a recurrent neural network (RNN). Thanks to its flexibility, RNN holds the potential to effectively identify CPs in time series characterized by complex dynamics. However, there is an increased risk of erroneously detecting random noise fluctuations as CPs. The primary goal of this study is to rigorously control the risk of false detections by providing theoretically valid p-values to the CPs detected by RNN. To achieve this, we introduce a novel method based on the framework of selective inference (SI). SI enables valid inferences by conditioning on the event of hypothesis selection, thus mitigating bias from generating and testing hypotheses on the same data. In this study, we apply an SI framework to RNN-based CP detection, where characterizing the complex process of RNN selecting CPs is our main technical challenge. We demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed method through artificial and real data experiments.
Molecular phylogeny, morphology and distribution of Amphitetras antediluviana Ehrenberg from the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov
Authors: NEVROVA ELENA , MALTSEV YEVHEN , KEZLYA ELENA , MIRONOV ANDREI , KULIKOVSKIY MAXIM 
Published: November 2024

The intriguing large-celled species of Amphitetras antediluviana Ehrenberg was originally described as a fossil species (Ehrenberg, 1840), but later noted in a living state in various regions of the World ocean. Our recent studies revealed that the species has been found for the last decade in significant numbers in many habitats along the coast of the Azov-Black Sea basin. Two strains—the large valves from Laspi Bay, the Black Sea (BL-5_12092019) and the small valves from the Sea of Azov (AZ-12_24122019)—were isolated and analyzed using light and scanning electron microscopy along with molecular-genetic investigation. Specimens of the two populations differ in valve sizes and structure, however, their belonging to the same species was confirmed with the help of molecular analysis. Taxonomic positions of the strains of A. antediluviana isolated from two marine waterbodies were clarified. In addition, we provided a detailed morphological diagnosis of the species with a description of the valve ultrastructure and its elements, as well as geographical distribution and taxonomic history.
Exploring the utilization of postabortion care services and related factors among women at a tertiary health facility in Gulu, Northern Uganda
Authors: Jackline Ayikoru , Opee Jimmyy , Bongomin Felix , Akello Harriet , Atim Sandra Fiona , Pebolo Pebalo Francis 
Published: November 2024

Background: Abortion-related complications are the third leading cause of maternal mortality in Uganda, accounting for approximately one-fourth of all maternal deaths. Most are preventable through adequate use of the full package of postabortion care (PAC) services. Objective: We aimed to assess the level of utilization of PAC services and the associated sociodemographic, obstetric, gynecological, and system-related factors at a high-volume tertiary health facility in Northern Uganda. Design: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among women receiving PAC at the Gulu Regional Referral Hospital from March 2023 to June 2023. Participants were recruited consecutively and exit interviews were conducted using structured questionnaires. Methods: Utilization of PAC was defined as the use of four or more of the following: counseling, emergency treatment, family planning services, linkage to other sexual and reproductive health services, and community health service provider cooperation. Modified Poisson regression analysis was used to determine the independent predictors of PAC utilization. Results: A total of 364 participants were enrolled in the study. Overall, 21.1% ( n = 77) of the participants had used four or more PAC services. Having a supportive partner (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR): 1.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.19–2.88, p = 0.006), knowledge on PAC services (aPR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.19–2.48, p = 0.004), low parity (aPR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.16–4.35, p = 0.016), nulliparity (aPR: 2.4 95% CI: 1.19–4.73, p = 0.014), and provision of privacy(physical privacy during prescription, counseling, procedures) (aPR: 2.3 95% CI: 1.14–4.47, p = 0.02), were significantly associated with utilization of PAC. Overall, only one in five participants utilized four or more PAC services. Use of four or more PAC services was significantly associated with women having a supportive partner, knowledge of PAC services, low parity, nulliparity, and provision of privacy while receiving PAC services. Conclusion: Approaches such as advocating male partner involvement, bridging the knowledge gap through health education, and promoting respectful care may improve the utilization of PAC services.
Impact of multicomponent exercise and nutritional supplement interventions for improving physical frailty in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sirikul Wachiranun , Buawangpong Nida , Pinyopornpanish Kanokporn , Siviroj Penprapa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the efficacy of both multicomponent exercise and nutritional interventions on frailty by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine changes in frailty incidence.

Design
A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Eligible criteria
The included studies were limited to original controlled trials focused on frailty interventions in older adults aged 65 years and over. The studies involved only participants with specific diseases, and those recovering from surgery or being hospitalized were excluded.

Information sources
A systematic search was performed on three databases: PUBMED, EMBASE, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, with the latest search in October 2024. Three authors independently extracted the data using a standardized data collection form. Relative risks were used as a summary measure. Pooled-effect estimates of each outcome were calculated by the random-effects meta-analysis.

Results
After searching three databases, 5327 records were identified. After removing duplicates and screening the titles and abstracts, 19 multicomponent exercise studies and 7 nutritional intervention studies were eligible. In a pooled analysis of 18 multicomponent exercise RCTs, including a total of 3457 older adults, the multicomponent exercises showed a clinically significant reduction in frailty risk by relative change 55% times (95% CI 45% to 67%, p value < 0.001). The subgroup analysis of combinations of macronutrients and micronutrients also demonstrated statistically significant decrease in frailty risk by relative change 28% times (95% CI 11% to 72%, p value = 0.008).

Conclusion
Multicomponent exercises can effectively improve physical frailty, regardless of the duration and types of the activities, whereas the efficacy of nutritional supplements remains unclear. Personalized multicomponent approaches that incorporate both exercises and nutritional supplements have promised to enhance effectiveness in reducing frailty, thus warranting further investigation.

Trial registration
The study was registered on 12 September 2022, under PROSPERO registration number CRD42022357357.
Lower trapezius transfer to infraspinatus in cases of sequelae of obstetric brachial plexus injury
Authors: Hasan Mohammed A. , El-Sayed Amr , Ezzat Mostafa , Safoury Yasser 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Deficient shoulder function is a common and exhausting issue in children with obstetric brachial plexus injuries. Even with functioning elbow, wrist, and fingers, upper limb function is markedly disabled by limited shoulder abduction external rotation. Lower trapezius transfer carries many advantages; simple and safe technique, same line of pull as donor; reliable nerve supply (extraplexal from spinal accessory nerve), and not acting on rotation of the shoulder, mostly it will not adversely affect internal rotation range after the transfer. This study aims to evaluate the role of isolated lower trapezius transfer in reconstructing shoulder external rotation.

Materials and methods
This prospective case series study included 20 patients with sequelae of obstetric brachial plexus injury lacking shoulder external rotation who underwent lower trapezius transfer to infraspinatus. In all cases, the lower trapezius muscle was the donor, and the recipient tendon was the Infraspinatus muscle. Shoulder range of motion, Modified Gilbert grading, and Mallet Classification were used to evaluate results.

Results
The mean age at the time of surgery was 4.5 years. The average increase in shoulder external rotation and abduction was 40⁰ and 42.5⁰ respectively, the modified Gilbert grading improved from a mean of 3.85 to 4.85 postoperative. Mallet classification improved from a mean of 3.5 preoperative to 4.8 postoperative. Improvement (Mallet classification of ≥ 4) was obtained in 18 cases (90%).

Conclusion
Isolated lower trapezius transfer is considered an effective option with promising results in cases of sequelae of obstetric brachial plexus injury for restoration of shoulder external rotation as well as abduction.
Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Spanish version of the Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Motivation Scale (s-CPRMS): a cross sectional study
Authors: Rodríguez-García Mª Carmen , Montoya-Giménez Esteban , Martínez-Puertas Helena , Garrido-Molina José Miguel , García-Viola Alba , Márquez-Hernández Verónica V. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Cardiac arrest remains a serious global health issue worldwide which claims for review and improvement. High motivation among resuscitators could lead to high-quality resuscitation and better outcomes. This study aimed to translate and cross-culturally adapt the Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Motivation Scale into Spanish and assess the psychometric properties of the Spanish version (s-CPRMS).

Methods
A sample of critical care and acuity-emergency physicians and nurses (N = 352) participated in an observational cross-sectional study structured in 3 phases.

Results
Face and content validity was confirmed for the s-CPRMS (s-CVI = 0.88). The ordinal alpha was 0.847, ranging from 0.796 to 0.92 for the factors, indicating good reliability and temporal stability (mean ICC = 0.701; p < 0.001). The Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) results showed the s-CPRMS was distributed into four factors that explained 58% of the variance with values of the goodness of fit indices indicating an adequate fit for the model extracted in the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA): χ2 (246) = 402.240; p < 0.001, SRMR = 0.086, RMSEA = 0.059, TLI = 0.965, CFI = 0.969, GFI = 0.990.

Conclusions
The s-CPRMS is a valid and reliable instrument to assess the motivation of resuscitation teams, which might lead to potential effective strategies to resuscitation quality improvement and outcomes.
Amplifying youth voices: young people’s recommendations for policy and practice to enhance vaccine acceptability
Authors: Somefun Oluwaseyi Dolapo , Casale Marisa , Ronnie Genevieve Haupt , Sumankuuro Joshua , Akintola Olagoke , Desmond Chris , Cluver Lucie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the need for increased vaccine availability and uptake, with vaccine hesitancy posing a significant barrier, particularly among young adults. Evidence from various countries highlight high levels of hesitancy among young people, necessitating targeted interventions. Engaging young adults as key stakeholders in shaping public health strategies is crucial, as their perspectives can enhance vaccine acceptance. This study aimed to assess the overall acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine among young people and to explore the factors influencing their willingness or reluctance to be vaccinated now and in the future.

Methods
This study used qualitative data from 165 young adults in Nigeria, South Africa, and Zambia, to explore their suggestions for policies and strategies aimed at enhancing the acceptance of the Covid-19 vaccination among their age group. Data collection involved focus groups and interviews that explored participants’ perceptions and recommendations regarding COVID-19 vaccination acceptability. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.

Results
Thematic analysis identified several factors influencing vaccine acceptability among young people and suggested recommendations to improve it. The themes included developing targeted communication strategies for accurate vaccine information, offering alternative vaccination methods, promoting vaccine education in schools, and using trusted public figures to share accurate information.

Conclusions
Persistent dissatisfaction with vaccine information dissemination underscores the need for more targeted communication strategies among young adults. Recommendations include developing non-injection vaccine options, incorporating vaccine education into school curricula and community programs, and leveraging influential public figures to build credibility. These insights are valuable for designing future programs to enhance vaccine acceptance among adolescents.