bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a sensitive untargeted liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry screening devoted to hair analysis through a shared MS2 spectra database: A step toward early detection of new psychoactive substances
Authors: Fabresse Nicolas , Larabi Islam Amine , Stratton Tim , Mistrik Robert , Pfau Gregory , Lorin de la Grandmaison Geoffroy , Etting Isabelle , Grassin Delyle Stanislas , Alvarez Jean‐Claude 
Published: November 2018

AbstractUntargeted liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry (LC–HRMS) techniques have become indispensable tools for systematic toxicological analysis. They allow the research of an almost unlimited number of drugs within a single analytical cycle, but shared mass spectra libraries are still missing to identify newly marketed compounds, along with defined analytical procedures. This article describes the optimization, validation, and application of an untargeted screening method devoted to hair analysis using data‐dependent analysis (DDA) and a shared HRMS database. This method used an ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography coupled to a benchtop Orbitrap. Raw MS data were processed with Compound Discoverer software coupled to the mzCloud™ library. Optimizations were performed on blank hair spiked with 19 analytes having different physical and chemical properties. To validate the effectiveness of a shared spectra database, 20 compounds spectra were added and then retrospectively screened. Sensitivity and reliability were evaluated on 317 compounds of interest in toxicology. The method was then applied to 11 hair samples. The matrix effect range by ion suppression/enhancement was 40%–110%. The method allows the detection of 284 among the 317 screened compounds, including 72 new psychoactive substances (NPS). Lower limit of identification (LLOI) and lower limit of detection (LLOD) were 1 to 1000 pg/mg and 1 to 500 pg/mg, respectively. The method was successfully applied to 11 clinical cases and 144 compounds were identified including 24 NPS including AKB48‐5F for the first time in hair. We developed and validated an LC–HRMS untargeted screening of 284 compounds and successfully applied it to 11 real hair samples.
A further insight into the metabolic profile of the nuclear receptor Rev‐erb agonist, SR9009
Authors: Mazzarino Monica , Rizzato Nikla , Stacchini Carlotta , de la Torre Xavier , Botrè Francesco 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe reactions involved in the metabolic pathways of SR9009 were characterized by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) to identify the most appropriate marker(s) of use. The effects of gender, genetic polymorphism, and drug–drug interaction on the metabolic profile of SR9009 were also evaluated. In vitro approaches were based on the use of human liver microsomes and cytochrome P450 isoforms. Sample preparation included an enzymatic hydrolysis (performed only for the phase II investigation) followed by liquid–liquid extraction. The chromatographic separation was carried out using a reverse‐phase column; detection was performed by either a triple‐quadrupole or a time‐of‐flight system in positive electrospray ionization and different acquisition modes. In the presence of human liver microsomes, SR9009 was biotransformed to 13 metabolites by CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6 isoenzymes. The reactions included hydroxylation, de‐alkylation, oxidation, and combinations thereof, the de‐alkylated metabolites being the most abundant. Once formed the mentioned metabolites underwent glucuronidation. Concerning the effects of gender, genetic polymorphism, and drug–drug interaction on the metabolic profile of SR9009, our observation have shown the following: (a) No significant alterations were measured between female and male, (b) significant differences were registered using either the CYP2D6 or CYP2C19 allelic variants, and finally (c) significant alterations were registered in the presence of ketoconazole, miconazole, fluoxetine, nefazodone and paroxetine; moderate variation were instead registered with fluconazole, itraconazole, gestodene, and levonorgestrel. This observation put in evidence the importance to take into account both genetic polymorphism and drug–drug interaction to select the most appropriate marker(s) of use in doping analysis.
Economic inequality enhances inferences that the normative climate is individualistic and competitive
Authors: Sánchez‐Rodríguez Ángel , Willis Guillermo B. , Jetten Jolanda , Rodríguez‐Bailón Rosa 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn addition to the negative effects of economic inequality on a range of health and social outcomes, we propose that inequality should also affect how people perceive the broader normative climate in society. We predicted that people living in a more unequal (vs. equal) society are more likely to appraise the social context as one where individualism determines people's behavior. We tested this idea in three experiments by manipulating the degree of economic inequality in a fictional society. We showed that, compared to the low‐inequality condition, participants in the high‐inequality condition were more likely to project individualistic norms onto society. Furthermore, Experiments 2 and 3 showed that in the high‐ (vs. low‐) economic‐inequality condition, participants inferred more competition and less cooperation between people. Our results are discussed in light of the importance of the perception of a broader normative climate to explain the consequences of economic inequality.
SINR‐based adaptive MIMO FBMC/OQAM transmission with automatic modulation classification
Authors: Häring Lars 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe performance of filter bank multicarrier offset quadrature‐amplitude modulation systems is known to be limited by intrinsic interference in highly frequency‐selective radio propagation conditions. In this article, a novel adaptive multiple‐input–multiple‐output (MIMO) filter bank multicarrier transmission system in time‐division duplex mode is analyzed in which filter bank‐based interference power is considered in the bit loading (BL) and automatic modulation classification (AMC) algorithm. In order to reduce the amount of intrinsic interference, a filter design for a general multitap MIMO channel equalization is elaborated. For this linear MIMO receiver technique, an analytical expression of the signal‐to‐interference‐and‐noise power ratio after equalization is described. Since BL and AMC rely on the information about the subcarrier link quality, the influence of residual interference on its performance in a MIMO setup is quantified. For a wireless local area network similar propagation scenario, incorporating the information about the interference power in the BL and AMC method results in a significant system performance improvement at high signal‐to‐noise power ratios.
A collaborative work on quantitative HPLC methods for the routine determination of atranol and chloroatranol in moss extracts
Authors: Goursot Jean‐François ,   writing on behalf of PRODAROM
Published: November 2018

AbstractMoss extracts have been found to initiate skin sensitization. For this reason, oakmoss extracts are part of the diagnostic screening test for fragrance contact allergy. Atranol and chloroatranol are suspected to be responsible for the sensitizing properties of these extracts, and their content has consequently been limited to 100 ppm in moss extracts by the International Fragrance Association (IFRA). In this context, using round‐robin tests, PRODAROM (the French national association of fragrance manufacturers) has developed different analytical methods for the routine quantification of these two suspected skin allergens in moss extracts that are easily applicable in quality control laboratories. Reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode‐array detection (DAD) and external calibration allowed the quantification of both analytes in solution in the 10–100 mg L−1 range. In order to enhance the specificity of the method, mass spectrometry (MS) in single ion monitoring (SIM) mode was also used. To solve matrix‐effect problems, the use of in‐matrix calibration solutions, or the extrapolative dilution approach (EDA) using solvent calibration were mandatory. The liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC‐MS) method was validated in the 1–10 mg L−1 range for both allergens in solution.
Synthesis and olfactory evaluation of allylic α‐quaternary thioether ketones
Authors: Lempenauer Luisa , Appleson Theresa , Lemière Gilles , Duñach Elisabet 
Published: November 2018

AbstractNovel α‐quaternary allylic thioether ketones were efficiently prepared from readily available α,β‐unsaturated ketones in an easily scalable two‐step procedure, with an acid‐catalysed skeletal rearrangement of 2‐(vinylthio) allylic alcohols as the key step. The sensory properties of this novel class of sulfur odorants were evaluated and all displayed green herbal and vegetal notes. An unexpected and interesting fresh patchouli note was observed for an alcohol derivative.
Development of a three‐dimensional solver based on the local domain‐free discretization and immersed boundary method and its application for incompressible flow problems
Authors: Wu Y.L. 
Published: November 2018

SummaryRecently, the author and two other coauthors have proposed a two‐dimensional hybrid local domain‐free discretization and immersed boundary method (LDFD‐IBM), which can be used to solve the flow problem with complex geometries. In this paper, the LDFD‐IBM is extended to solve a three‐dimensional unsteady incompressible flow with the complex computational domain. The technical issues related to the implementation of the LDFD‐IBM in three‐dimensional problems are discussed in detail, particularly for the discretization of Navier‐Stokes equations, mesh strategies for a three‐dimensional flow, and the fast algorithm on the identification of the status of mesh nodes (ie, to identify if the mesh node is located in the solid domain, in the fluid domain, or near the immersed boundary). Numerical tests show that the LDFD‐IBM can accurately solve three‐dimensional incompressible problems with ease.
Blocking TNFα‐driven astrocyte purinergic signaling restores normal synaptic activity during epileptogenesis
Authors: Nikolic Ljiljana , Shen Weida , Nobili Paola , Virenque Anaïs , Ulmann Lauriane , Audinat Etienne 
Published: November 2018

AbstractEpilepsy is characterized by unpredictable recurrent seizures resulting from abnormal neuronal excitability. Increasing evidence indicates that aberrant astrocyte signaling to neurons plays an important role in driving the network hyperexcitability, but the underlying mechanism that alters glial signaling in epilepsy remains unknown. Increase in glutamate release by astrocytes participates in the onset and progression of seizures. Epileptic seizures are also accompanied by increase of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), a cytokine involved in the regulation of astrocyte glutamate release. Here we tested whether TNFα controls abnormal astrocyte glutamate signaling in epilepsy and through which mechanism. Combining Ca2+ imaging, optogenetics, and electrophysiology, we report that TNFα triggers a Ca2+‐dependent glutamate release from astrocytes that boosts excitatory synaptic activity in the hippocampus through a mechanism involving autocrine activation of P2Y1 receptors by astrocyte‐derived ATP/ADP. In a mouse model of temporal lobe epilepsy, such TNFα‐driven astrocytic purinergic signaling is permanently active, promotes glial glutamate release, and drives abnormal synaptic activity in the hippocampus. Blocking this pathway by inhibiting P2Y1 receptors restores normal excitatory synaptic activity in the inflamed hippocampus. Our findings indicate that targeting the coupling of TNFα with astrocyte purinergic signaling may be a therapeutic strategy for reducing glial glutamate release and normalizing synaptic activity in epilepsy.
Effect of rainfall uncertainty on the performance of physically based rainfall–runoff models
Authors: Fraga Ignacio , Cea Luis , Puertas Jerónimo 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis paper analyses the effect of rain data uncertainty on the performance of two hydrological models with different spatial structures: a semidistributed and a fully distributed model. The study is performed on a small catchment of 19.6 km2 located in the north‐west of Spain, where the arrival of low pressure fronts from the Atlantic Ocean causes highly variable rainfall events. The rainfall fields in this catchment during a series of storm events are estimated using rainfall point measurements. The uncertainty of the estimated fields is quantified using a conditional simulation technique. Discharge and rain data, including the uncertainty of the estimated rainfall fields, are then used to calibrate and validate both hydrological models following the generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation (GLUE) methodology. In the storm events analysed, the two models show similar performance. In all cases, results show that the calibrated distribution of the input parameters narrows when the rain uncertainty is included in the analysis. Otherwise, when rain uncertainty is not considered, the calibration of the input parameters must account for all uncertainty in the rainfall–runoff transformation process. Also, in both models, the uncertainty of the predicted discharges increase in similar magnitude when the uncertainty of rainfall input increase.
Mitonuclear epistasis, genotype‐by‐environment interactions, and personalized genomics of complex traits in Drosophila
Authors: Rand David M. , Mossman Jim A. , Zhu Lei , Biancani Leann M. , Ge Jennifer Y. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMitochondrial function requires the coordinated expression of dozens of gene products from the mitochondrial genome and hundreds from the nuclear genomes. The systems that emerge from these interactions convert the food we eat and the oxygen we breathe into energy for life, while regulating a wide range of other cellular processes. These facts beg the question of whether the gene‐by‐gene interactions (G x G) that enable mitochondrial function are distinct from the gene‐by‐environment interactions (G x E) that fuel mitochondrial activity. We examine this question using a Drosophila model of mitonuclear interactions in which experimental combinations of mtDNA and nuclear chromosomes generate pairs of mitonuclear genotypes to test for epistatic interactions (G x G). These mitonuclear genotypes are then exposed to altered dietary or oxygen environments to test for G x E interactions. We use development time to assess dietary effects, and genome wide RNAseq analyses to assess hypoxic effects on transcription, which can be partitioned in to mito, nuclear, and environmental (G x G x E) contributions to these complex traits. We find that mitonuclear epistasis is universal, and that dietary and hypoxic treatments alter the epistatic interactions. We further show that the transcriptional response to alternative mitonuclear interactions has significant overlap with the transcriptional response to alternative oxygen environments. Gene coexpression analyses suggest that these shared genes are more central in networks of gene interactions, implying some functional overlap between epistasis and genotype by environment interactions. These results are discussed in the context of evolutionary fitness, the genetic basis of complex traits, and the challenge of achieving precision in personalized medicine. © 2018 The Authors. IUBMB Life published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 70(12):1275–1288, 2018
FAM92A Underlies Nonsyndromic Postaxial Polydactyly in Humans and an Abnormal Limb and Digit Skeletal Phenotype in Mice
Authors: Schrauwen Isabelle , Giese Arnaud PJ , Aziz Abdul , Lafont David Tino , Chakchouk Imen , Santos-Cortez Regie Lyn P , Lee Kwanghyuk , Acharya Anushree , Khan Falak Sher , Ullah Asmat , Nickerson Deborah A , Bamshad Michael J , Ali Ghazanfar , Riazuddin Saima , Ansar Muhammad , Ahmad Wasim , Ahmed Zubair M , Leal Suzanne M 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT

Polydactyly is a common congenital anomaly of the hand and foot. Postaxial polydactyly (PAP) is characterized by one or more posterior or postaxial digits. In a Pakistani family with autosomal recessive nonsyndromic postaxial polydactyly type A (PAPA), we performed genomewide genotyping, linkage analysis, and exome and Sanger sequencing. Exome sequencing revealed a homozygous nonsense variant (c.478C&gt;T, p.[Arg160*]) in the FAM92A gene within the mapped region on 8q21.13-q24.12 that segregated with the PAPA phenotype. We found that FAM92A is expressed in the developing mouse limb and E11.5 limb bud including the progress zone and the apical ectodermal ridge, where it strongly localizes at the cilia level, suggesting an important role in limb patterning. The identified variant leads to a loss of the FAM92A/Chibby1 complex that is crucial for ciliogenesis and impairs the recruitment and the colocalization of FAM92A with Chibby1 at the base of the cilia. In addition, we show that Fam92a-/- homozygous mice also exhibit an abnormal digit morphology, including metatarsal osteomas and polysyndactyly, in addition to distinct abnormalities on the deltoid tuberosity of their humeri. In conclusion, we present a new nonsyndromic PAPA ciliopathy due to a loss-of-function variant in FAM92A. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy as a New Complication of Postsurgical Chronic Hypoparathyroidism
Authors: Tabacco Gaia , Naciu Anda Mihaela , Maggi Daria , Santonati Assunta , Pedone Claudio , Cesareo Roberto , Bosco Daniela , Gaspa Gianluigi , Napoli Nicola , Pozzilli Paolo , Manfrini Silvia , Palermo Andrea 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT

Postsurgical hypoparathyroidism (hypoPT) increases fatigue and seems to affect the risk of mortality. Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is an impairment of the cardiovascular autonomic system, a cause of increased mortality, and associated with increased fatigability. The aim of this study is to evaluate CAN in hypoPT and its relationship with hypocalcemia, PTH levels, and hyperphosphatemia. This is a cross-sectional study comparing 51 postsurgical hypoPT patients treated with calcium and calcitriol and 43 control subjects without any PTH/calcium/phosphate disorders who underwent thyroidectomy. CAN was assessed by heart rate (HR) response to deep breathing, HR response to the lying-to-standing test, HR response to the Valsalva maneuver, and blood pressure response to standing. Participants were considered to have “early CAN” if they had one abnormal result in the HR tests and “definite CAN” with two or more abnormal results. The prevalence of CAN was 23% in the control group and 78% in the hypoPT group (OR 11.48; 95% CI, 4.48 to 32.17). Patients with hypoPT and serum calcium (sCa) ≥8.5 mg/dL had a prevalence of early CAN of 72.4% and the prevalence was 86.4% in those with sCa &lt;8.5 mg/dL. Definite CAN was found in 2.3% of the control group, 24.1% of the hypoPT group without hypocalcemia, and 59.1% of the hypoPT group with hypocalcemia. In the hypoPT group, the OR for definite CAN in the patients with hypocalcemia compared to the patients with normocalcemia was 4.54 (95% CI, 1.36 to 15.11). The association between low sCa and definite CAN was confirmed after adjustment for confounders with OR 13.62 (95% CI, 2.12 to 149.84). No association was found between definite CAN and PTH levels or high phosphate levels. HypoPT is associated with CAN and hypocalcemia seems to affect its severity. Larger and prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Impact of bladder filling on uterine artery Doppler variables in the first trimester of pregnancy
Authors: Seravalli Viola , Masini Giulia , Morelli Chiara , Di Tommaso Mariarosaria , Pasquini Lucia , Petraglia Felice 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveUterine artery (UtA) Doppler examination is used in the first trimester to assess the risk of developing preeclampsia, with a standardized technique. However, the impact of bladder filling on UtA circulatory impedance in pregnancy has not been previously studied. This study aimed to examine the effect of bladder distension on UtA‐pulsatility index (PI) and peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the first trimester of pregnancy.MethodsThe authors conducted a prospective repeated‐measure study on pregnant women presenting for first‐trimester screening for preeclampsia. Right and left UtA Doppler velocimetry was first measured with a full bladder. Bladder volume was recorded. After the patients had voided their bladder, a repeat Doppler measurement was performed. The UtA PI and PSV were recorded on each side. The Wilcoxon signed‐rank test was used to compare UtA variables before and after bladder voiding.ResultsThe authors enrolled 45 patients. Mean gestational age at exam was 12.1 weeks. When women were studied with full bladder, median UtA‐PI was 1.73 (inter‐quartile range, [IQR] 1.49, 2.28) on the right and 1.71 (1.46, 2.11) on the left side. After bladder voiding, values were 1.83 (IQR 1.58, 2.20) and 1.78 (1.40, 2.18). The difference was not statistically significant (P = .26 and 0.80). Similarly, no difference was found in UtA‐PSV before and after bladder voiding on either side (P = .22 and .70).ConclusionIn the first‐trimester of pregnancy, bladder distension does not significantly modify uterine artery Doppler variables.
Sonographic diagnosis of thyroid metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Park Ji Yeon , Yi Seong Yoon , Kwon Taejung , Baek Soo Heui , Kim Seon‐Jeong , Kwon Ki Eon , Choi Jiyoun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMetastasis to the thyroid is very rare in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and only a few cases have been reported. Herein, we report a rare case of metastatic HCC to the thyroid in a 63‐year‐old man and discuss the various radiologic findings. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a heterogeneous enhancing mass that had invaded the thyroid cartilage in the left upper thyroid, compressing the airway. Ultrasonography (US) showed a heterogeneous hypoechoic mass with increased vascularity in the peripheral portion. The mass showed focal intense uptake on positron emission tomography‐computed tomography (PET‐CT). The patient underwent US‐guided core needle biopsy and the final diagnosis was metastatic HCC.
Epididymal melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy: A rare cause of scrotal mass in an infant
Authors: Burton Kirsteen R. , Ngan Bo‐Yee , Navarro Oscar M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMelanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) is a rare, benign neoplasm of neural crest origin more commonly seen in the craniofacial region. We report a case of MNTI of the epididymis in a 6‐month‐old male child with emphasis on the sonographic appearance which has not been previously described. In this case, the mass was inseparable from the testicle and therefore the differential diagnosis considered both extratesticular and intratesticular masses. MNTI should be added to the differential diagnosis of scrotal masses, particularly if they present in a child younger than 12 months of age.