bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical efficacy and safety of a single administration of fluralaner injectable suspension (BRAVECTO® injectable) vs. monthly administration of oral afoxolaner (NexGard®) in dogs for tick and flea control over one year under European field conditions
Authors: Petersen Ivo , Goebel-Lauth Susanne , Pobel Thierry , Gil Maria J. , Löhlein Wolfgang , Wolf Oliver , Zschiesche Eva , Welzel Bjoern , Heinau Lea 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Year-round control of canine flea and tick infestations requires owner compliance with recommendations for regular treatments. Compliance failures can result in increased exposure of dogs to tick-borne pathogens and resurgence of flea populations. This study investigated the year-long efficacy of fluralaner 150 mg/ml injectable suspension (BRAVECTO® injectable), developed to remove the need for multiple owner-administered, within-year treatments.

Methods
This randomized, examiner-masked, non-inferiority study enrolled household dogs at veterinary clinics in Germany, France, and Spain. Each household contained a primary dog infested with ≥ 4 ticks or ≥ 5 fleas. Additional dogs in each household received the same treatment as the primary dog, either a single injection with fluralaner (15 mg/kg) on day 0, or 12 monthly treatments with oral afoxolaner (NexGard®) beginning on day 0. Owners presented their dogs for tick and flea assessments at visits 2 through 10 (days 14, 28, 56, 84, 112, 224, 280, 336, 365). Primary endpoints were the percentages of primary dogs free of live ticks or fleas at visit 10. Secondary endpoints were the percentage reductions of live ticks and fleas in primary dogs. All treated dogs were observed for adverse reactions throughout the study.

Results
The analyzed per-protocol population included 415 primary dogs (fluralaner 279, afoxolaner 136) from 976 treated dogs (fluralaner 653, afoxolaner 323). From visits 2 through 10, ≥ 95% of primary dogs in each group were tick-free, and ≥ 93% were flea-free. The percentage of dogs free of ticks or fleas was non-inferior (P ≤ 0.0048) in the fluralaner group compared to the afoxolaner group at visit 10 and all earlier visits. Compared to baseline, fluralaner-group tick and flea counts were reduced by > 99%; afoxolaner-group tick and flea counts by > 98% and > 97%, respectively. There were no unexpected adverse events in any treated dog in either group, nor any sign of interactions between concomitantly administered vaccines and medications.

Conclusions
A single subcutaneous fluralaner injection provided a level of tick and flea control equivalent to that of 12 monthly administrations of afoxolaner. The sustained fluralaner efficacy helps maintain canine health by retaining treatment with the veterinarian and eliminating treatment-compliance failures by pet owners between veterinary visits.

Graphical Abstract
Atopic dermatitis
Authors: Carr Stuart , Pratt Rebecca , White Fred , Watson Wade 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a common, chronic skin disorder that can significantly impact the quality of life (QoL) of affected individuals as well as their families. Although the pathogenesis of the disorder is not yet completely understood, it appears to result from the complex interplay between defects in skin barrier function, environmental and infectious agents, and immune dysregulation. There are no diagnostic tests for AD; therefore, the diagnosis is based on specific clinical criteria that take into account the patient’s history and clinical manifestations. Successful management of the disorder requires a multifaceted approach that involves education, optimal skin care practices, anti-inflammatory treatment with topical corticosteroids, topical calcineurin inhibitors (TCIs) and/or phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) inhibitors, the management of pruritus, and the treatment of skin infections. Systemic immunosuppressive agents may also be used, but are generally reserved for severe flare-ups or more difficult-to-control disease. Newer systemic agents, such as Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitors and biologics, have a more favourable safety and efficacy profile than the older, traditional systemic immunosuppressives. Topical corticosteroids are the first-line pharmacologic treatments for AD, and evidence suggests that these agents may also be beneficial for the prophylaxis of disease flare-ups. Although the prognosis for patients with AD is generally favourable, those patients with severe, widespread disease and concomitant atopic conditions, such as asthma and allergic rhinitis, are likely to experience poorer outcomes. Newer systemic agents have been approved which are greatly improving the QoL of these patients.
Be aware of overfitting by hyperparameter optimization!
Authors: Tetko Igor V. , van Deursen Ruud , Godin Guillaume 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHyperparameter optimization is very frequently employed in machine learning. However, an optimization of a large space of parameters could result in overfitting of models. In recent studies on solubility prediction the authors collected seven thermodynamic and kinetic solubility datasets from different data sources. They used state-of-the-art graph-based methods and compared models developed for each dataset using different data cleaning protocols and hyperparameter optimization. In our study we showed that hyperparameter optimization did not always result in better models, possibly due to overfitting when using the same statistical measures. Similar results could be calculated using pre-set hyperparameters, reducing the computational effort by around 10,000 times. We also extended the previous analysis by adding a representation learning method based on Natural Language Processing of smiles called Transformer CNN. We show that across all analyzed sets using exactly the same protocol, Transformer CNN provided better results than graph-based methods for 26 out of 28 pairwise comparisons by using only a tiny fraction of time as compared to other methods. Last but not least we stressed the importance of comparing calculation results using exactly the same statistical measures.Scientific Contribution We showed that models with pre-optimized hyperparameters can suffer from overfitting and that using pre-set hyperparameters yields similar performances but four orders faster. Transformer CNN provided significantly higher accuracy compared to other investigated methods.
Constructing a doxycycline-inducible system for an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition model in MCF10A cells
Authors: Sun Yaxuan , Zhou Xun , Hu Xiaohui 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been shown to play an essential role in the early stages of cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Inducible EMT models can initiate EMT in a controlled manner, thereby providing the opportunity to determine whether a cancer-associated gene influences cancer metastasis by triggering EMT. Moreover, different inducible EMT models enable the investigation of specific mechanisms of EMT modulation by various genes, facilitating a more precise understanding of how these genes influence cancer metastasis through the induction of EMT. Unfortunately, current inducible EMT models still present unmet needs. Therefore, we aimed to establish an inducible EMT model in MCF10A cells, a spontaneously immortalized human fibrocystic mammary cell line, by manipulating the expression of mouse Twist1 (mTwist1). In this study, we first compared the EMT induction capacity between human TWIST1 (hTWIST1) and mTwist1, and selected mTwist1 for further investigation. By monitoring the changes in epithelial and mesenchymal markers at different induction time points, we examined the EMT process in both polyclonal and monoclonal MCF10A cells that express doxycycline (DOX)-inducible mTwist1. Furthermore, our results showed that doxycycline-induced mTwist1 expression triggered EMT at a similar rate to TGFβ1-induced EMT in MCF10A cells. Additionally, this process was reversible upon DOX withdrawal. Thus, we have established a robust inducible EMT model in MCF10A cells, which can be used to further study cancer metastasis-driving genes.
CURADORIA DIGITAL COMO RECURSO PEDAGÓGICO PARA EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA
Authors: Vidal Adriane , De Oliveira Daniel 
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo discorre sobre o Produto Educacional (PE) Curadoria Digital de Recursos Pedagógicos para Educação Especial, que se encontra em construção e faz parte de uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e bibliográfica que discorre sobre o fenômeno da inclusão de crianças com Deficiência Intelectual (DI) na Educação Básica e suas expectativas de desenvolvimento. A elaboração desse produto é resultado da inquietação da pesquisadora diante das dificuldades vivenciadas, e de outros professores, em reunir materiais que atendessem as necessidades dos alunos com necessidades especiais. A pesquisa intitulada: “A tecnologia como facilitadora da inclusão de alunos com deficiência intelectual na educação básica”, aborda a importância da tecnologia como aliada de professores e demais profissionais da educação no desenvolvimento do ensino e aprendizagem de alunos com deficiência intelectual. O PE é um Portal (site) com uma Curadoria onde estão sendo reunidas atividades para alunos com DI, que estejam cursando desde o 1º ano até o 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental, a fim de possibilitar maior desenvolvimento para esse estudante. Trata-se de um processo de escolha, avaliação e organização de recursos educacionais que facilitem a aquisição de conhecimentos, utilizando materiais didáticos que possibilitem a ludicidade e a interação, onde o aluno torne-se protagonista do seu processo de construção do conhecimento. Como resultado dessa pesquisa é esperado disponibilizar conhecimentos básicos sobre a deficiência intelectual para profissionais da educação, e através do portal, otimizar o trabalho do professor que poderá utilizar a organização de conteúdos apropriados para alunos com DI.
PLATAFORMIZAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO PÚBLICA
Authors: Gonçalves da Silva Nathália Aparecida , Carolei Paula 
Published: December 2024

O artigo apresenta uma discussão sobre a plataformização a partir de uma pesquisa documental de produtos e serviços oferecidos numa feira educacional e seus argumentos de venda e a incorporação de duas dessas plataformas privadas numa rede pública de São Paulo analisando as recomendações para a inclusão e autoria do aluno, assim como para a autonomia do professor. O que se concluiu é que a plataformização está muito avançada e houve um recuo da promessa da Educação e dos recursos abertos que acabaram sendo substituídos por plataformas, sistemas e políticas que reduzem completamente a autonomia do professor e a autoria do alunos. Apesar dos esforços formativos para uma postura mais reflexiva diante dessas plataformas, concluímos que essa política atual do Governo do Estado de São Paulo está realmente cerceando a autonomia docente e dificultando a autoria e emancipação discente.
Diagnostic Value of Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Intranodal Forceps Biopsies Combined with Rapid On-Site Evaluation for Mediastinal/Hilar Lymph Node Disease
Authors: Wang Zhongli , Xu Peng , Wan Nansheng , Feng Jing 
Published: December 2024

Aims/Background Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is the standard method for sampling mediastinal/hilar lymph node disease. However, the smaller samples obtained via needle aspiration have a lower diagnostic rate for benign compared to malignant diseases. The low diagnostic rates have been reported to be improved through using endobronchial ultrasound-guided intranodal forceps biopsy (EBUS-IFB), but the implementation of IFB presents technical challenges, as described with variable results in certain studies. The main objective of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value and safety of EBUS-IFB for mediastinal/hilar lymph node disease. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 150 patients with mediastinal/hilar lymph node disease at Tianjin Medical University General Hospital. EBUS-TBNA was performed using a rigid bronchoscope on the same lymph node of each patient under general anesthesia, with rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) conducted to determine the presence of pathological tissue. Following this, a tunnel was established, and a 1.5 mm biopsy forceps was employed for EBUS-IFB. Subsequently, diagnostic rates and safety of the methods used were determined. Results EBUS-IFB + EBUS-TBNA (the combined strategy) exhibited the highest diagnostic rates, with the addition of bronchial mucosa biopsy/transbronchial lung biopsy/neoplasm biopsy contributing to a successful diagnostic rate of 97.2% (139/143). The combined strategy (90.2%) and EBUS-IFB alone (88.1%) contributed to successful diagnosis for all diseases, with rates significantly higher than that of EBUS-TBNA (60.1%) (p < 0.001). The diagnostic rates for malignant disease detected with the combined strategy (97.4%) and EBUS-IFB alone (93.6%) were significantly higher than that with EBUS-TBNA alone (71.8%) (p < 0.001). Both the diagnostic rates for sarcoidosis detected with the combined strategy and EBUS-IFB alone were 87.8%, which was significantly higher than that with EBUS-TBNA alone (46.9%) (p < 0.001). The procedures implemented did not engender major complications. Conclusion Routine EBUS-TBNA followed by ROSE to acquire pathological tissue, followed by tunnel formation and EBUS-IFB, can enhance the overall diagnostic rate for mediastinal/hilar lymph node lesions. This approach is particularly valuable for diagnosing malignant diseases and sarcoidosis. EBUS-IFB serves as a safe and feasible complement to EBUS-TBNA, despite the fact that the procedure was extended in duration.
Effect of Early Oral Administration of Doxycycline on Macrolide Resistance in Children with Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Cai Bingbing , Yang Lei , Li Xin , Zhang Xin 
Published: December 2024

Aims/Background Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) is typically a benign and self-limiting disease. This study aimed to investigate the effect of early oral administration of doxycycline on macrolide resistance in children with MPP. Methods This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 173 MPP children treated with macrolides at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University from March 2020 to March 2023. Nine cases that did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded, leaving 164 children. They were divided into Group A (early oral administration of doxycycline + macrolide treatment) (n = 85) and Group B (macrolide treatment alone) (n = 79) based on whether early oral administration of doxycycline was given. Drug sensitivity results and adverse reactions after treatment were statistically analyzed. Based on the drug sensitivity results, the MPP children were classified as having either macrolide-resistant mycoplasma pneumoniae (MRMP) or macrolide-sensitive mycoplasma pneumoniae (MSMP) infections. A stratified analysis was performed to compare the disappearance time of fever, disappearance time of shortness of breath, disappearance time of rales, and symptom improvement time on chest X-ray examination, and to further explore the clinical efficacy of early oral administration of doxycycline in different groups of children. Results No significant differences were found in baseline data such as age, sex, and weight between the two groups (p > 0.05). A total of 112 out of 164 children developed macrolide resistance (68.29%), with 47 cases in Group A and 65 cases in Group B, indicating a significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.05). The two groups showed a significant difference in macrolide sensitivity levels after treatment (p < 0.05), with no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions (p > 0.05). After treatment, the time to the disappearance of febrile fever, time to disappearance time of fever, disappearance time of shortness of breath, disappearance time of rales, symptom improvement time on chest X-ray examination, and time to administration of macrolides after treatment were shorter in children with MRMP in group A than in children with MRMP in group B (p < 0.05). In contrast, MSMP children in both groups exhibited no significant differences in symptom disappearance time and duration of macrolides treatment (p > 0.05). Conclusion Early oral administration of doxycycline is a safe and effective treatment for MPP. It helps relieve symptoms in MRMP children, shortens the duration of macrolide use, and reduces the incidence of macrolide resistance.
Effectiveness and Safety of Gabapentin versus Pregabalin in the Treatment of Postherpetic Neuralgia: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Shi Yi , Song Chunhong 
Published: December 2024

Aims/Background Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a common chronic pain disease that persists after the rash (clusters of clear blisters on the surface of the skin) has healed, adversely affecting the quality of life of affected patients. Gabapentin (GPT) and pregabalin (PGB) are two commonly used drugs for the treatment of PHN, but there have been broad concerns regarding their efficacy and safety. Thus, this retrospective cohort study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness and safety of GPT versus PGB in the treatment of PHN. Methods A total of 150 patients with PHN receiving routine antiviral and neurotrophic therapies, admitted between January 2022 and November 2023, were selected. 71 patients who were treated with GPT were included in the control group, while the remaining 79 patients who were given PGB were categorized in the observation group. Information on clinical effectiveness, safety (xerostomia, drowsiness, blurred vision, ataxia, and dizziness), analgesic effect (Visual Analogue Scale [VAS] and time to pain relief), sleep quality (Sleep Quality Scale [SQS] and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI]), and adverse emotions (Self-rating Anxiety/Depression Scale [SAS/SDS]) was collected for analysis. Results Compared to the control group, the observation group exhibited significantly higher clinical effectiveness of PGB in the treatment of PHN (p < 0.05). In other aspects, the overall incidence of adverse events such as xerostomia, drowsiness, blurred vision, ataxia, and dizziness (p > 0.05) was equivalent in these two groups. In addition, significantly lower VAS, SQS, PSQI, SAS, and SDS scores were observed in the observation group after treatment, compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The observation group showed evidently shorter time to pain relief than the other group (p < 0.05). Conclusion PGB is an effective and safe medication for the treatment of PHN, by improving the analgesic effect and sleep quality, and alleviating negative emotions.
Intervenções na formação de professores em Educação Socioemocional - uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Shigunov Vanessa , Raimundo Jerry Adriano , De Lima Ferreira Jacques , Antonio Scaduto Alessandro , Furtado Holanda Adriano 
Published: December 2024

A educação socioemocional é uma temática de crescente interesse aos pesquisadores no Brasil. Em sua essência, visa promover o ensino sobre as emoções nas dimensões pessoal e interpessoal, a fim de propiciar saúde, bem-estar e sociabilidade. Para viabilizar conhecimentos sobre esse assunto, as instituições de ensino buscam investir na formação de professores. Diante dessa perspectiva, o presente artigo é uma revisão sistemática que tem o objetivo identificar e caracterizar as intervenções realizadas nas formações de professores sobre a educação socioemocional. Para reunir as informações, as bases de dados pesquisadas foram: CAPES, SciELO, LILACS, ERIC, PubMed, Web of Science e EBSCO. Destas, foram selecionados 14 artigos, que constituíram o corpus de análise. Foi possível constatar que as intervenções na formação de professores acontecem na forma de workshops, treinamentos e formações, utilizando estratégias pedagógicas como dramatizações e discussão em grupo. Em síntese, as intervenções abordam os professores de modo pragmático ou reflexivo. A análise dos artigos conduziu às seguintes reflexões: além de professores, os demais sujeitos da comunidade escolar precisam da formação em educação socioemocional para manter a coerência da temática no meio escolar; a intervenção poderia compor um plano de formação continuada de professores; a formação de professores não se encerra na intervenção, senão se desdobra na recursividade de sua própria prática.
Entre a educação infantil e os anos iniciais do ensino fundamental: o que enunciam as crianças?
Authors: Gomes Larissa Ferreira Rodrigues , Sarmento Ferreira Subtil Rayra , Gouveia Claudineia Rossini 
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo objetiva conhecer quais sentidos são atribuídos pelas enunciações infantis na transição da educação infantil para os anos iniciais do ensino fundamental através da vivência com as crianças matriculadas no último ano letivo da educação infantil em um Centro Municipal de Educação Infantil localizado no município de Vitória – ES. O presente trabalho investe na cartografia como pesquisa-intervenção ao mobilizar as redes de conversações com as crianças como produção de dados, potencializando as narrativas que ocorrem concernentes ao avanço vivido por elas nas etapas da educação básica. Conclui-se que as crianças no último ano letivo da educação infantil, pouco compreendem as mudanças a serem vividas e praticadas no processo de mudança para os anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, o que provoca preocupação e angústia sobre se irão ou não possuir momentos de brincadeiras com os colegas, além de uma grande preocupação com as tarefas atribuídas na nova fase de escolarização. Sendo importante que ocorra o oferecimento de estratégias para que as crianças possam conhecer a escola na qual irão estudar nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, assim como ter contato com as crianças que lá estudam para que elas possam expor o pensamento crítico e reflexivo que possuem através de uma roda de conversa para ampliar e desmistificar o conhecimento prévio que as crianças possuem oriundos das conversações com os adultos.
Los análisis de orina en el diagnóstico de las gammapatías monoclonales: puntos de corte
Authors: Vidal-Pla Mònica , Nuez-Zaragoza Elisa , Bhambi Indira , Aguadero Vicente 
Published: December 2024

Resumen

Objetivos
Las pruebas de laboratorio resultan cruciales en el diagnóstico de las gammapatías monoclonales. La última actualización de la guía del Grupo Internacional de Trabajo sobre el Mieloma (IMWG) para el diagnóstico de gammapatías monoclonales ha suscitado cierto debate sobre la pertinencia de realizar análisis de orina en el diagnóstico de estas patologías.

Métodos
Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo con datos de 132 pacientes con detección reciente de componente monoclonal (CM) en suero. Se dividió a los pacientes en dos grupos, en función de la presencia o ausencia del componente monoclonal (CM) en la orina. A continuación, se recogieron diversas variables para analizar posibles diferencias entre los grupos.

Resultados
El objetivo del presente estudio era establecer un punto de corte para la concentración de CM en suero por debajo del cual no fuese necesario realizar un análisis de orina en el diagnóstico inicial en el laboratorio. Los resultados muestran que, cuando la concentración de CM en suero es ≤3,5 g/L y la eGFR es >30 mL/min/1,73m2 (sensibilidad (S): 100 %, especifidad (Sp): 49 %, valor predictivo negativo (VPN): 100 %), la probabilidad de hallar CM en orina es mínima. Los pacientes con CM con cadena pesada alfa tienen mayor probabilidad de presentar CM en la orina. De este modo, cuando la cadena pesada el CM es gamma o mu, el punto de corte en suero se puede elevar a ≤4,9 g/L (S: 97 %, Sp: 52 %, VPN: 98 %).

Conclusiones
El empleo de estos dos puntos de corte en la detección inicial de un CM podría evitar la realización innecesaria de un número considerable de análisis de orina, optimizando así el consumo de recursos analíticos y sanitarios.