bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MiR‐137 inhibits cell proliferation in acute lymphoblastic leukemia by targeting JARID1B
Authors: Huang Yiqun , Zou Yong , Zheng Ruiji , Ma Xudong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate the possible functions of interaction between JARID1B and miR‐137 in ALL.MethodsThe levels of H3K4me3 and H3K4me2 and the expression of JARID1B and miR‐137 were analyzed in six ALL cell lines and 30 ALL patients. The effects of miR‐137 and JARID1B on cell proliferation and apoptosis were investigated by silencing or promoting the respective genes. The interaction between miR‐137 and JARID1B was confirmed by double‐luciferase report assay.ResultsThe histone H3K4 expressions and miR‐137 expression were lower in 30 ALL patients and in six ALL cell lines, while the expression of JARID1B was elevated. A negative correlation was observed between JARID1B and miR‐137. Over‐expression of miR‐137 led to decreasing cell proliferation and increasing apoptosis in MOLT‐4 and BALL‐1 cells. MiR‐137 inhibitor up‐regulated JARID1B in these two cell lines, while promoted proliferation in BALL‐1 cells only. Dual‐luciferase report assay suggested that JARID1B was a direct target of miR‐137 in ALL cell lines.ConclusionsThe expression of miR‐137 was declined in ALL, and JARID1B was directly repressed by miR‐137. Aberrant JARID1B expression could result in abnormal histone methylation, which might be one cause of ALL.
Reshaping our understanding of species’ roles in landscape‐scale networks
Authors: Hackett Talya D. , Sauve Alix M. C. , Davies Nancy , Montoya Daniel , Tylianakis Jason M. , Memmott Jane 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn network ecology, landscape‐scale processes are often overlooked, yet there is increasing evidence that species and interactions spill over between habitats, calling for further study of interhabitat dependencies. Here, we investigate how species connect a mosaic of habitats based on the spatial variation of their mutualistic and antagonistic interactions using two multilayer networks, combining pollination, herbivory and parasitism in the UK and New Zealand. Developing novel methods of network analysis for landscape‐scale ecological networks, we discovered that few plant and pollinator species acted as connectors or hubs, both within and among habitats, whereas herbivores and parasitoids typically have more peripheral network roles. Insect species’ roles depend on factors other than just the abundance of taxa in the lower trophic level, exemplified by larger Hymenoptera connecting networks of different habitats and insects relying on different resources across different habitats. Our findings provide a broader perspective for landscape‐scale management and ecological community conservation.
Common alien plants are more competitive than rare natives but not than common natives
Authors: Zhang Zhijie , van Kleunen Mark 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSuccess of alien plants is often attributed to high competitive ability. However, not all aliens become dominant, and not all natives are vulnerable to competitive exclusion. Here, we quantified competitive outcomes and their determinants, using response‐surface experiments, in 48 pairs of native and naturalised alien annuals that are common or rare in Germany. Overall, aliens were not more competitive than natives. However, common aliens (invasive) were, despite strong limitation by intraspecific competition, more competitive than rare natives. This is because alien species had higher intrinsic growth rates than natives, and common species had higher intrinsic growth rates than rare ones. Strength of interspecific competition was not related to status or commonness. Our work highlights the importance of including commonness in understanding invasion success. It suggests that variation among species in intrinsic growth rates is more important in competitive outcomes than inter‐ or intraspecific competition, and thus contributes to invasion success and rarity.
Stereotactic thermocoagulation for insular epilepsy: Lessons from successes and failures
Authors: Mullatti Nandini , Landre Elisabeth , Mellerio Charles , Oliveira Andrea J. , Laurent Agathe , Turak Baris , Devaux Bertrand , Chassoux Francine 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo assess factors associated with favorable outcome in refractory insular epilepsy treated by volume‐based stereotactic radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFTC).MethodsWe performed volume‐based RFTC in 19 patients (11 males, 7‐44 years old). The volume for thermocoagulation was identified by multimodal data including electroencephalography (EEG)‐video, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography (PET) in all patients, and epileptogenic zone (EZ) was assessed by stereo‐electroencephalography (SEEG) in 16. MRI showed insular lesions in four patients (benign tumors, n = 2; focal cortical dysplasia [FCD], n = 1; polymicrogyria, n = 1). MRI was negative in 15 cases; however, PET was positive in 18, and FCD pattern was detected by SEEG in nine cases. The dominant hemisphere was involved in 12 cases. RFTC was performed as a separate procedure after SEEG, or as a single MRI‐guided procedure. The insular volume to be coagulated was determined by a tridimensional identification of the epileptogenic cortex using MRI, PET, and SEEG, and was destroyed with coalescent thermal lesions.ResultsSeizure‐free outcome was achieved in 10 patients (53%), including Engel class IA in three (follow‐up = 1‐12 years, mean = 5.4). The responder rate (including Engel classes I‐III) was 89%. Transient postoperative deficits (mild hemiparesia, dysarthria, hypoesthesia, dysgeusia) were observed in eight patients (42%), with rapid and total recovery in all but one with persistent mild dysarthria. Neurological deficits were related to higher number of RFTC procedures (P = .036) and greater volume of RFTC (P = .028). Neuropsychological status was unchanged or improved in all; however, psychiatric status transitorily worsened in three patients. Factors contributing to seizure‐free outcome were the detection of FCD pattern (P = .009), localized EZ (P = .038), low RFTC volume (P = .002), low number of RFTC procedures (P = .001), and low RFTC volume/number ratio (P = .012). Optimal volume of RFTC around 2 cm3 offered the best compromise between efficacy and safety.SignificanceRFTC may be curative in insular epilepsy after accurate localization of EZ with SEEG. Best outcome was associated with low volume of thermolesions.
Characterization and modeling of transverse micro‐cracking during pyrolysis process of carbon fiber reinforced plastics
Authors: Jain Neraj , Kosin Marvin , Shi Yuan , Koch Dietmar 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe paper presents characterization and modeling of generation of cracks during pyrolysis process of manufacturing of C/C–SiC material. Crack patterns during pyrolysis strongly depend on the fiber/matrix interface strength and temperature. In order to model the exact crack pattern as in the material, fiber/matrix interface strength was taken as a varying parameter and temperature change boundary conditions were applied on a virtual microstructure (50 × 50 μm2). The resulting crack pattern is then compared with SEM images of material with high and low fiber/matrix interface strength. The presented models are successfully able to simulate the material behavior and the consequent generation of cracks during pyrolysis process. Microstructure of the material has been then analyzed with the help of image segmentation techniques using Python. Based on the crack area distribution obtained from the SEM‐analysis, microstructures can now be compared qualitatively as well as quantitatively.
Service gaps related to culturally appropriate mental health care for African immigrants
Authors: Wamwayi Michael O. , Cope Vicki , Murray Melanie 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe population of overseas‐born Australians continues to grow including the recent increase of immigrants and refugees from African countries. Due to this increase, healthcare services need to assess if current available services are culturally appropriate for African immigrant inpatients. This qualitative study, with a quality improvement focus, examined current services to identify key service gaps and consider recommendation to improve care of African immigrant mental health inpatients in the hospital from the point of view of staff working within the organisation. What was revealed is that services currently offered to African mental health inpatients were culturally inappropriate. Emerging themes included inadequate interpreter services, lack of cultural awareness staff training, lack of organisation link with other services, unmet spiritual needs, use of staff/families as interpreters, culturally inappropriate information, and lack of or inadequate culturally appropriate policies and framework. Changes to current practices are recommended to provide culturally appropriate mental health care to African inpatients.
Interpoint Distance Test of Homogeneity for Multivariate Mixture Models
Authors: Song Yu , Modarres Reza 
Published: June 2019

SummaryFinite mixtures offer a rich class of distributions for modelling of a variety of random phenomena in numerous fields of study. Using the sample interpoint distances (IPDs), we propose the IPD‐test statistic for testing the hypothesis of homogeneity of mixture of multivariate power series distribution or multivariate normal distribution. We derive the distribution of the IPDs that are drawn from a finite mixture of the multivariate power series distribution and multivariate normal distribution. Based on the empirical distribution of the IPDs, we construct a bootstrap test of homogeneity for other multivariate finite mixture models. The IPD test is applied to mixture models for matrix‐valued distributions and a test of homogeneity for Wishart mixture is presented. Numerical comparisons show that IPD test has accurate type I errors and is more powerful in most multivariate cases than the expectation–maximization (EM) test and modified likelihood ratio test.
MicroRNA‐224, negatively regulated by c‐jun, inhibits growth and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition phenotype via targeting ADAM17 in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Lu Yaoyong , Huang Wendong , Chen Haiwen , Wei Huajun , Luo Aihua , Xia Guangsheng , Deng Xubin , Zhang Gong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAbnormal expression of miR‐224 has been reported to promote cancer progression. However, the role of miR‐224 is seldom reported in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We reported that miR‐224 expression was significantly down‐regulated in OSCC tissues and cell lines. Restoration of miR‐224 decreased OSCC cell growth and invasion. In addition, luciferase and Western blot assays revealed that ADAM17 protein was a downstream target of miR‐224. The overexpression of ADAM17 dismissed miR‐224’s effect on cell growth and invasion. We concluded that miR‐224 inhibited OSCC cell growth and invasion through regulating ADAM17 expression. Subsequently, we revealed that c‐jun directly bind to miR‐224 promoter and decreased miR‐224 expression. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that miR‐224 may function as a tumour‐suppressive microRNA in OSCC and suggested that miR‐224 may be a potential therapeutic target for OSCC patients.
Dementia risk by combinations of metabolic diseases and body mass index: Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study Cohort Study
Authors: Yokomichi Hiroshi , Kondo Katsunori , Nagamine Yuiko , Yamagata Zentaro , Kondo Naoki 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAims/IntroductionTo compare the dementia risk associated with pre‐existing diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥25 kg/m2) and underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m2) among older adults. We also explored the dementia risk associated with combinations of metabolic diseases and BMI.Materials and MethodsWe used data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. Participants completed a health checkup in 2010 and were followed for 5.8 years on average. Dementia was measured by municipal long‐term care insurance registration. Diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity and underweight were diagnosed by medication use or health examination results. We calculated the incidence of dementia and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs).ResultsAmong 3,696 participating older adults, 338 developed dementia. Adjusted HRs (95% confidence intervals) in men and women (reference: those without corresponding disease of normal weight) were as follows: 2.22 (1.26–3.90) and 2.00 (1.07–3.74) for diabetes; 0.56 (0.29–1.10) and 1.05 (0.64–1.71) for hypertension; 1.30 (0.87–1.94) and 0.73 (0.49–1.08) for dyslipidemia; 0.73 (0.42–1.28) and 0.82 (0.49–1.37) for BMI of 25–29.9 kg/m2; and 1.04 (0.51–2.10) and 1.72 (1.05–2.81) for underweight. Dementia risk was significantly higher in underweight men with dyslipidemia (HR 4.15, 95% CI 1.79–9.63) compared with normal‐weight men without dyslipidemia, and in underweight women with hypertension (HR 3.79, 1.55–9.28) compared with normal‐weight women without hypertension. Dementia incidence was highest among underweight older adults with hypertension followed by dyslipidemia.ConclusionsAmong Japanese older adults, underweight and prevalent diabetes are risk factors for developing dementia. Lower BMI is also associated with a higher incidence of dementia.
Qualitative subjective assessment of a high‐resolution database in a paediatric intensive care unit—Elaborating the perpetual patient's ID card
Authors: Brossier David , Sauthier Michael , Mathieu Audrey , Goyer Isabelle , Emeriaud Guillaume , Jouvet Philippe 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe main purpose of our study was to subjectively assess the quality of a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) database according to the Directory of Clinical Databases (DoCDat) criteria.Design and settingA survey was conducted between April 1 and June 15, 2018, among the Sainte Justine PICU research group.PopulationEvery member of this group whose research activity required the use of the database and/or who was involved in the development/validation of the database.InterventionsNone.Measurements and main resultsAll 10 research team members (one Information Technology specialist, one junior medical student, and eight clinician researchers) who used the high‐resolution database fulfilled the survey (100% response rate). The median quality level of the Sainte Justine PICU database across all the 10 criteria was 3 (2‐4), rated on a 1 (worst) to 4 (best) numeric scale. When compared with previously assessed databases through the DoCDat criteria, we found that the Sainte Justine PICU database performance was similar.ConclusionsThe PICU high‐resolution database appeared of good quality when subjectively assessed by the DoCDat criteria. Further validation procedures are mandatory. We suggest that data quality assessment and validation procedures should be reported when creating a new database.
Diagnostic value of X‐ray, endoscopy, and high‐resolution manometry for hiatal hernia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Lunan , Gao Huiqin , Zhang Chenjing , Tu Jiangfeng , Geng Xiaoge , Wang Jingya , Zhou Xiaolu , Pan Wensheng , Jing Jiyong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackground and AimHiatal hernia (HH) has been found in a large number of people, but there has been no unified way to diagnose it. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic efficiency of X‐ray, endoscopy, and high‐resolution manometry (HRM) in the diagnosis of HH using surgical diagnosis of HH as the gold standard.MethodsTwo biomedical databases (PubMed and EMBASE) were systematically searched through January 26, 2019. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the SROC curve (AUC) were calculated, and the AUC statistical significance was compared by Tukey's multiple comparisons test.ResultsA total of 5337 patients in seven articles were included. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and AUC for X‐ray were 0.63 (0.46–0.77), 0.85 (0.69–0.94), and 0.80 (0.77–0.84), respectively, for diagnosing HH. The pooled estimates for endoscopy in diagnosing HH were as follows: sensitivity, 0.72 (0.39–0.91); specificity, 0.80 (0.70–0.87); and AUC, 0.82 (0.78–0.85). Similarly, the corresponding values for HRM were 0.77 (0.70–0.83); 0.92 (0.85–0.96), and 0.9527. Tukey's multiple comparisons tests were used to compare the AUCs of the three diagnostic methods: No significant differences were found between X‐ray and endoscopy (P = 0.7293), and HRM was superior to X‐ray (P = 0.0127) and endoscopy (P = 0.0442).ConclusionsHigh‐resolution manometry may exhibit a better diagnostic performance for hiatal hernia. In contrast, X‐ray and endoscopy may not be the best methods, and there was no significant difference in diagnostic efficiency between the X‐ray and endoscopy.
Statin Adherence and Mortality in Patients Aged 80 Years and Older After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Phan Derek Q. , Duan Lewei , Lam Bryan , Hekimian Avetis , Wee David , Zadegan Ray , Lee Ming‐Sum 
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESThe goal of this study was to describe the pattern of statin adherence in older patients, aged 80 years or older; identify factors associated with high adherence; and determine the association between statin adherence and all‐cause mortality.DESIGNRetrospective population‐based cohort study.SETTINGAn integrated healthcare system in Southern California.PARTICIPANTSPatients hospitalized with a principal diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (MI) between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2016.MEASUREMENTSStatin adherence, as measured using pharmacy dispensing records over the 365 days following hospital discharge, based on proportion of days covered (PDC). Adherence levels were categorized as high (PDC 80% or higher), partial (PDC 40% or higher and lower than 80%), and low (PDC lower than 40%).RESULTSBetween 2006 and 2016, 5629 patients, 80 years or older, hospitalized for acute MI met the inclusion criteria. Among this group, 68.8% were highly adherent to statin therapy, 20.4% were partially adherent, and 10.8% were not adherent. Male sex (odds ratio [OR] = 1.42; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.25‐1.62) and white race (OR = 1.35; 95% CI = 1.18‐1.55) were associated with high statin adherence. Follow‐up was 4.3 ± 2.6 years. Both low and partial adherence were associated with increase mortality (low adherence: adjusted hazard radio [HR] = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.01‐1.25; partial adherence: adjusted HR = 1.22; 95% CI = 1.12‐1.32).CONCLUSIONSIn older patients, aged 80 years or older, high adherence to statins after MI was associated with improved survival. This association may not have been due only to adherence to statins but to other related factors as well. Findings from this study may inform discussions on the potential benefits of statin adherence. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:2045–2049, 2019
Impaired processing of response conflicts in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Ramm Markus , Möddel Gabriel , Sundermann Benedikt , Last Annegret , Langenbruch Lisa , Jungilligens Johannes , Wellmer Jörg , Young Peter , Axmacher Nikolai 
Published: June 2019

Increasing evidence from neuroimaging studies points towards a hippocampal role in resolving approach‐avoidance goal conflicts. Furthermore, previous neuroimaging findings suggest that the hippocampus (HC) contributes to successful conflict resolution as it is measured, for example, in a Stroop paradigm. However, it is still an open question whether the hippocampus is indeed causally relevant for resolving cognitive conflicts. Here, we investigated whether conflict resolution performance is affected by hippocampal pathology. N = 30 patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE), almost exclusively showing MRI signs of hippocampal sclerosis, and an equal number of age‐matched healthy controls performed an auditory Stroop paradigm. Participants listened to the words ‘high’ and ‘low’, spoken in either a high or a low pitch. Subjects’ response time and accuracy to the phonetic information in the presence of incongruent (conflict trials) or congruent (non‐conflict trials) semantic information were assessed. In addition, patients’ regional grey matter (GM) brain volumes were analysed. We observed an increased effect of conflict on accuracy in patients with MTLE compared to healthy controls. This effect was negatively correlated with right HC volume. The results suggest that the impairment in the resolution of a response conflict is related to hippocampal structural integrity and thus add further support to the notion that the HC is not only involved but even causally relevant for successful cognitive conflict processing.
Sulcal pattern variation in extant human endocasts
Authors: de Jager Edwin J. , van Schoor Albert N. , Hoffman Jakobus W. , Oettlé Anna C. , Fonta Caroline , Mescam Muriel , Risser Laurent , Beaudet Amélie 
Published: June 2019

AbstractOur knowledge of human brain evolution primarily relies on the interpretation of palaeoneurological evidence. In this context, an endocast or replica of the inside of the bony braincase can be used to reconstruct a timeline of cerebral changes that occurred during human evolution, including changes in topographic extension and structural organisation of cortical areas. These changes can be tracked by identifying cerebral imprints, particularly cortical sulci. The description of these crucial landmarks in fossil endocasts is, however, challenging. High‐resolution imaging techniques in palaeoneurology offer new opportunities for tracking detailed endocranial neural characteristics. In this study, we use high‐resolution imaging techniques to document the variation in extant human endocranial sulcal patterns for subsequent use as a platform for comparison with the fossil record. We selected 20 extant human crania from the Pretoria Bone Collection (University of Pretoria, South Africa), which were detailed using X‐ray microtomography at a spatial resolution ranging from 94 to 123 μm (isometric). We used Endex to extract, and Matlab to analyse the cortical imprints on the endocasts. We consistently identified superior, middle and inferior sulci on the frontal lobe; and superior and inferior sulci on the temporal lobe. We were able to label sulci bordering critical functional areas such as Broca's cap. Mapping the sulcal patterns on extant endocasts is a prerequisite for constructing an atlas which can be used for automatic sulci recognition.
Laser Skin Rejuvenation With Fractional 1064 Q‐switched Nd:YAG In 252 Patients: An Indian Experience
Authors: Agarwal Madhuri , Velaskar Sangeeta 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of our study was to present the results and safety profile of fractional 1064 Q‐switched Nd: YAG laser treatment in skin rejuvenation in Indian patients with Fitzpatrick skin type III‐VI.Materials and methodsWe studied our clinical data of 252 patients who underwent treatment for facial skin rejuvenation with the Q switched Nd:YAG laser 1064 wavelength, using the fractional mode of 5mm spot size with fluences from 1.2 J ~ 2 J/cm2 and the energy ranging from 300‐500 mJ, a repetition rate of 7Hz and pulse duration of 8 ns for 6 sessions at two weekly intervals. We evaluated results with the aid of clinical photography taken before start of treatment, on 3rd and 5th sessions along with patient satisfaction and dermatologist assessment scores. Any adverse events were also recorded.ResultsAt the end of 6 sessions, both patients and dermatologists reported visible improvement in skin texture and tone. The laser sessions resulted in an immediate improvement in skin texture and tone in the first session itself that increased over 3 sessions and then stabilized. Transient erythema was reported in a few cases. No hypo‐ or hyperpigmentation were noted.ConclusionsThe 1064 QSNYL is popularly used for skin rejuvenation especially in the Asian countries. But there is lack of substantial clinical data to validate the clinical results. We present the first study that shows the fractional 1064 Qswitched ND:YAG laser is a safe and effective option for skin rejuvenation in skin types III‐VI.