bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of adjunctive anti‐plaque chemical agents in managing gingivitis: A systematic review and network meta‐analyses
Authors: Figuero Elena , Herrera David , Tobías Aurelio , Serrano Jorge , Roldán Silvia , Escribano Marta , Martín Conchita 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of this network meta‐analysis (NMA) was to compare the efficacy of different oral hygiene products for chemical biofilm control, in 6‐month home‐use, randomized clinical trials (RCTs), in terms of changes in gingival index (GI).Material and MethodsSix‐month RCTs assessing GI were identified and screened for inclusion. Relevant information was extracted, and quality and potential risk of bias were estimated. Mean differences between baseline and end were calculated to obtain standardized mean differences (SMDs). NMA protocols were applied to assess direct and indirect comparisons among products using Löe & Silness GI, modified GI and gingival severity index.ResultsFifty‐three papers were included, 19 studies for mouth rinses, 32 for dentifrices, comprising data from 5,775 and 2,682 subjects, respectively. When ranking treatments, similar results were observed for all tested dentifrices, with the lowest effect observed for sanguinarine and baking soda. For mouth rinses, essential oils, triclosan–copolymer, chlorhexidine (at concentrations ≥ 0.10%) and cetylpyridinium chloride (>0.05%) demonstrated the greatest effect.ConclusionAlthough NMA revealed significant differences when comparing placebo versus some active agents, when comparing among active agents, no differences were found for dentifrices, while mouth rinses containing essential oils showed the greatest effect on GI scores.
Retraction: Randomized controlled trial of vitamin D supplementation in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Saad K. , Abdel‐Rahman A. , Elserogy Y. , Al‐Atram A. , El‐Houfey A. , Othman H. , Bjørklund G. , Jia F. , Urbina M. , Abo‐Elela M. , Ahmad F. , Abd El‐Baseer A. , Ahmed A. , Abdel‐Salam A. 
Published: May 2019

The above article, published in print in the Jan 2018 issue of the Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry and online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by the JCPP Editor‐in‐Chief, Edmund Sonuga‐Barke, and John Wiley & Sons.Following a series of communications from readers highlighting concerns about the paper (now published on the journal website), the journal editors requested that the authors send them the raw data from the trial. In response the authors informed the editors that; (i) the electronic data base had been lost following a computer outage and (ii) that they could send only 95 out of 120 hard‐copy participant data sheets as one site had closed and was no longer contactable. The substantial data loss in and of itself posed a serious difficulty in verifying the correctness of the data presented in the paper. The JCPP then analysed the data from the 95 cases itself. A number of significant discrepancies emerged between the re‐analysis and the findings reported in the paper both in terms of means and standard deviations of key outcome variables across the trial. These involved very substantial differences that we judged to be extremely unlikely to have arisen due to variations in composition of the original and re‐analysed samples. We also discovered previously unidentified/reported problems with missing data and recording irregularities regarding changes in treatment regimen and subject identifiers.As a result of these issues the Editors no longer have confidence in the findings reported in the original paper. Based on all these matters combined and following published guidance from the Committee on Publishing Ethics (COPE) and Wiley's Best Practice Guidelines on Publishing Ethics, we have decided that the only course of action available to us is to retract the paper.
Low Drosha protein expression in cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma is associated with worse disease outcome
Authors: Gambichler T. , Salveridou K. , Schmitz L. , Käfferlein H.U. , Brüning T. , Stockfleth E. , Sand M. , Lang K. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundDysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) key regulators may contribute to the pathogenesis of malignancies. miRNA machinery genes such Dicer and Drosha have been reported to be biomarkers in different cancer types.ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate Drosha and Dicer protein expression in cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL).MethodsWe performed Drosha and Dicer immunohistochemistry in 45 patients with mycosis fungoides and subtypes. Drosha and Dicer expression scores were correlated with clinical parameters including disease‐specific death (DSD), stage of disease and different laboratory data. Uni‐ and multivariate statistics were performed.ResultsOn univariate analysis, elevated serum LDH and low Drosha expression were significantly associated with advanced stage (P = 0.032 and 0.0062, respectively) and lymphoma‐specific death (LSD; P = 0.017 and P = 0.005, respectively). Moreover, elevated circulating CD4+/CD26− lymphocytes were significantly associated with advanced stage (P = 0.032) and DSD (P = 0.0098). On multivariate analysis, low Drosha expression remained in the logistic regression model as significant independent predictor for advanced disease stages [P = 0.013; odds ratio: 5 (confidence interval) CI 1.3–19.3]. Moreover, low Drosha expression (P = 0.026) and elevated LDH (P = 0.025) remained as significant independent predictors for DSD with odds ratios of 13.5 (CI 1.3–134.4 and 8.7 CI 1.3–57.2, respectively).ConclusionsLow Drosha expression is an independent predictor for advanced stage as well as LSD in CTCL patients indicating a tumour suppressor gene function of Drosha in this disorder.
Safety of selective IL‐23p19 inhibitors for the treatment of psoriasis
Authors: Crowley J.J. , Warren R.B. , Cather J.C. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPsoriasis is a chronic disease that requires long‐term treatment. Consequently, understanding the safety and tolerability of any potential treatment over time is critical to effective prescribing. The biologic agents currently available for the treatment of psoriasis target a number of different inflammatory cytokines involved in psoriasis disease pathogenesis. The monoclonal antibodies tildrakizumab, guselkumab and risankizumab target the p19 subunit that is specific to interleukin (IL)‐23. This article reviews published data on the safety of these IL‐23p19 inhibitors in patients with psoriasis compared with other currently available biologic therapies. Data from randomized, placebo‐ and active‐controlled phase 3 clinical trials show tildrakizumab, guselkumab and risankizumab to have a favourable risk–benefit profile in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis. No significant safety concerns have been observed for any of these IL‐23p19 inhibitors in the data published to date. The most commonly reported adverse events (AEs) associated with these agents in phase 3 studies were upper respiratory tract infections. No increase was seen in rates of serious infections, malignancies or major adverse cardiovascular events, with no signals suggestive of an elevated risk of opportunistic infections, active tuberculosis or reactivation of latent tuberculosis infection, mucocutaneous Candida infections, triggering or worsening of inflammatory bowel disease, demyelinating disorders or suicidal ideation. Selectively targeting IL‐23p19 may help avoid AEs that have been associated with biologic agents with other mechanisms of action. Data from long‐term extension studies and patient registries will further establish the safety profile of IL‐23p19 inhibitors for the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis in routine practice.
Evaluation of the trueness and precision of complete arch digital impressions on a human maxilla using seven different intraoral digital impression systems and a laboratory scanner
Authors: Mennito Anthony S. , Evans Zachary P. , Nash Jansen , Bocklet Christopher , Lauer (Kelly) Abigail , Bacro Thierry , Cayouette Monica , Ludlow Mark , Renne Walter G. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesAn impression accuracy study using a cadaver maxilla was performed using both prepared and intact teeth as well as palatal tissue.Materials and MethodsThree crown preparations were performed on a cadaver maxilla. Seven different digital impression systems along with polyvinylsiloxane impressions were used to create digital models of the maxilla. Three‐dimensional (3D) files of the experimental models were compared to a master model. The 3D files were overlaid and analyzed using a comparison software to create color coded figures that were measured for deviations between the master and experimental models.ResultsFor scanning tooth structure, only the Planscan was significantly less accurate than the rest of impression techniques. No significant differences in accuracy were found between models created using digital impressions and those created from traditional vinyl polysiloxane impressions with cross arch deviations ranging from 18 to 39 μm for each.ConclusionsImpressions taken using all digital impression systems, save for the Planscan, were able to accurately replicate the tissues of a complete arch human maxilla.Clinical SignificanceStudies examining accuracy of digital impression systems have generally been performed on materials other than dental tissues. Optically, materials such as plastic and metal have properties different from enamel and dentin. This study evaluates accuracy of digital impression systems on human dentin, enamel, and soft tissues.
Fractures and Subsequent Graft Loss and Mortality among Older Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Salter Megan L. , Liu Xinran , Bae Sunjae , Chu Nadia M. , Miller Dunham Alexandra , Humbyrd Casey , Segev Dorry L. , McAdams‐DeMarco Mara A. 
Published: May 2019

OBJECTIVESOlder adults who undergo kidney transplantation (KT) are living longer with a functioning graft and are at risk for age‐related adverse events including fractures. Understanding recipient, transplant, and donor factors and the outcomes associated with fractures may help identify older KT recipients at increased risk. We determined incidence of hip, vertebral, and extremity fractures; assessed factors associated with incident fractures; and estimated associations between fractures and subsequent death‐censored graft loss (DCGL) and mortality.DESIGNThis was a prospective cohort study of patients who underwent their first KT between January 1, 1999, and December 31, 2014.SETTINGWe linked data from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients to Medicare claims through the US Renal Data System.PARTICIPANTSThe analytic population included 47 815 KT recipients aged 55 years or older.MEASUREMENTSWe assessed the cumulative incidence of and factors associated with post‐KT fractures (hip, vertebral, or extremity) using competing risks models. We estimated risk of DCGL and mortality after fracture using adjusted Cox proportional hazards models.RESULTSThe 5‐year incidence of post‐KT hip, vertebral, and extremity fracture for those aged 65 to 69 years was 2.2%, 1.0%, and 1.7%, respectively. Increasing age was associated with higher hip (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.37 per 5‐y increase; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.30‐1.45) and vertebral (aHR = 1.31; 95% CI = 1.20‐1.42) but not extremity (aHR = .97; 95% CI = .91‐1.04) fracture risk. DCGL risk was higher after hip (aHR = 1.34; 95% CI = 1.12‐1.60) and extremity (aHR = 1.30; 95% CI = 1.08‐1.57) fracture. Mortality risk was higher after hip (aHR = 2.31; 95% CI = 2.11‐2.52), vertebral (aHR = 2.80; 95% CI = 2.44‐3.21), and extremity (aHR = 1.85; 95% CI = 1.64‐2.10) fracture.CONCLUSIONOur findings suggest that older KT recipients are at higher risk for hip and vertebral fracture but not extremity fracture; and those with hip, vertebral, or extremity fracture are more likely to experience subsequent graft loss or mortality. These findings underscore that different fracture types may have different underlying etiologies and risks, and they should be approached accordingly. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:1680–1688, 2019
Central aspects of systemic oestradiol negative‐ and positive‐feedback on the reproductive neuroendocrine system
Authors: Moenter Suzanne M. , Silveira Marina A. , Wang Luhong , Adams Caroline 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe central nervous system regulates fertility via the release of gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone (GnRH). This control revolves around the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal axis, which operates under traditional homeostatic feedback by sex steroids from the gonads in males and most of the time in females. An exception is the late follicular phase in females, when homeostatic feedback is suspended and a positive‐feedback response to oestradiol initiates the preovulatory surges of GnRH and luteinising hormone. Here, we briefly review the history of how mechanisms underlying central control of ovulation by circulating steroids have been studied, discuss the relative merit of different model systems and integrate some of the more recent findings in this area into an overall picture of how this phenomenon occurs.
Amygdala functioning during threat acquisition and extinction differentiates antisocial subtypes
Authors: Fanti Kostas A. , Konikou Katerina , Cohn Moran , Popma Arne , Brazil Inti A. 
Published: May 2019

Extensive work implicates abnormal amygdala response during threatening stimuli in youth with antisocial behaviour. However, no research has examined whether youth identified in Primary and Secondary psychopathy subtypes would show differences in amygdala activity in response to threat acquisition and extinction. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify distinct antisocial groups based on participants’ scores on callous–unemotional (CU) traits, anxiety, and familial abuse in a sample of 136 high‐risk adolescents (mean age = 17.7, SD = 1.6; 86% male). Functional MRI was then used to assess amygdala activation patterns during a classical differential delay threat‐conditioning task. In addition to the Primary and Secondary subtypes, we identified groups mainly high on anxiety and others who were mainly high on abuse. Participants in the Primary group showed lower right amygdala activity in response to neutral male faces compared to the low, Anxious, and Secondary groups, whereas participants in the group with history of abuse exhibited higher right amygdala activity during threat acquisition compared to the rest of the groups. During threat extinction, the Primary group showed lower right amygdala activity compared to the Secondary and abuse groups. This is the first study to reveal amygdala activation in identified psychopathy‐related variants during threat conditioning. We found that stratifying the sample based on the identified variants revealed amygdala functioning patterns that furthered our understanding of emotion‐based deficits among high‐risk adolescents.
Measuring Institutional Investors’ Skill at Making Private Equity Investments
Authors: CAVAGNARO DANIEL R. , SENSOY BERK A. , WANG YINGDI , WEISBACH MICHAEL S. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTUsing a large sample of institutional investors’ investments in private equity funds raised between 1991 and 2011, we estimate the extent to which investors’ skill affects their returns. Bootstrap analyses show that the variance of actual performance is higher than would be expected by chance, suggesting that some investors consistently outperform. Extending the Bayesian approach of Korteweg and Sorensen, we estimate that a one‐standard‐deviation increase in skill leads to an increase in annual returns of between one and two percentage points. These results are stronger in the earlier part of the sample period and for venture funds.
Anaplastic ependymoma arising from the lower segment of the uterine corpus: Case report and literature review
Authors: Akiyama Noboru , Tanaka Hirohiko , Izawa Miho , Asakura Tetsuo , Taniguchi Haruki , Mikami Yoshiki 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTo the best of our knowledge, there are currently no reports on primary uterine ependymoma. We operated on a 38‐year‐old woman suspected with uterine fibroids; surgical findings led to the diagnosis of primary anaplastic ependymoma of the uterus. Most extraneural ependymomas arising from the ovary and perigenital peritoneum occur in women of reproductive age and express estrogen and progesterone receptors. The etiology of such tumors is unknown, and a treatment strategy has not been established yet. Therefore, it is essential to accumulate cases for identifying mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis and disease progression to facilitate diagnosis and development of an effective treatment.
Impact of taxane plus bevacizumab for ovarian sex cord tumor with annular tubules
Authors: Sho Takanari , Yanazume Shintaro , Fukuda Mika , Togami Shinichi , Kamio Masaki , Kobayashi Hiroaki 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSex cord tumor with annular tubules (SCTAT) is rare, and 20% of SCTAT cases, excluding those associated with Peutz‐Jeghers syndrome, are clinically malignant. Limited data is available regarding the role of chemotherapy in the management of SCTAT. We encountered a 44‐year‐old woman with recurrent SCTAT complicated by peritoneal dissemination following a right adnexectomy. The surgical resection could not be performed completely due to the wide extension of the tumor. Considering the potential of becoming malignant, we chose a combination of bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin (BEP) as postoperative chemotherapy treatment. However, the patient showed partial response following a complete BEP regimen. The patient received three courses of chemotherapy with docetaxel and carboplatin plus bevacizumab. After the combination chemotherapy, positron emission tomography‐computed tomography scan confirmed a complete response, and is currently continuing bevacizumab treatment without relapsing and having no major adverse effects from complications. This case proved the potential of a combination of taxane and bevacizumab in patients with recurrent SCTAT.
Characterization of the Basal Ganglia Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Children with Self‐Injurious Behavior and Tuberous Sclerosis Complex
Authors: Gipson Tanjala T. , Poretti Andrea , Kelley Sarah A. , Carson Kathryn A. , Johnston Michael V. , Huisman Thierry A.G.M. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSETuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare, genetic disease that is associated with multiple manifestations including epilepsy and autism. Self‐injurious behaviors (SIBs) also occur in a subset of patients. This study used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in children with TSC for quantitative and volumetric analysis of brain regions that have been associated with SIB in other genetic conditions.METHODSWe used DTI to compare 6 children with TSC‐associated SIB and 10 children with TSC without SIB. Atlas‐based analysis of DTI data and calculation of number of voxels; fractional anisotropy (FA); and mean, axial, and radial diffusivity were performed for multiple regions; DTI measures were summarized using medians and interquartile ranges and were compared using Wilcoxon rank sum tests and false discovery rates (FDRs).RESULTSAnalysis showed that children with TSC and SIB had reduced numbers of voxels (median) in the bilateral globus pallidus (right: 218 vs. 260, P = .008, FDR = .18; left: 222 vs. 274, P = .002, FDR = .12) and caudate nucleus (right: 712 vs. 896, P = .01, FDR = .26; left: 702 vs. 921, P = .03, FDR = .44) and reduced FA in the bilateral globus pallidus (right: .233 vs. .272, P = .003, FDR = .12; left: .223 vs. .247, P = .004, FDR = .12) and left caudate nucleus (.162 vs. .186, P = .03, FDR = .39) versus children without SIB. No other statistically significant differences were found.CONCLUSIONSThese data support a correlation between lower volumes of the globus pallidus and caudate with SIB in children with TSC.
Management of Amelogenesis Imperfecta in Adolescent Patients: Clinical Report
Authors: Ortiz Liliana , Pereira Ann Marie , Jahangiri Leila , Choi Mijin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe oral rehabilitation of adolescent patients with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is complex due to the presence of mixed dentition with altered eruption sequence. In this article, the interdisciplinary treatment approach for adolescent patients with AI is discussed. The types and timing of treatments at various stages of growth are described through a literature review on this topic. AI is an inherited condition that disturbs the development of the enamel structure. Because of the presence of mixed dentition, definitive treatment options often have to be delayed until eruption of permanent dentition is complete, requiring careful treatment coordination and proper sequencing between different dental disciplines starting at a young age. Adolescent patients require prosthodontic treatment design that can be adapted to the changes in arch shapes, sizes, interarch relationship, and esthetic needs. AI patients are often challenged with both excessive and limited restorative spaces within the same arch due to the abnormal growth patterns, enamel structure, tooth size, and tooth shape. Therefore, careful determination of the required restorative space is critical to ensure optimal prognosis. This clinical report discusses treatment recommendations, timing of various treatment modalities, and involvement of appropriate interdisciplinary teams for managing adolescent patients.
Diagnostic value of serum cytokeratin‐18 in children with chronic liver disease
Authors: Shalby Mohsen M , Ibrahim Soha A , Behairy Ola G , Behiry Eman G , Mahmoud Dina A 
Published: May 2019

AimThis study aimed to assess the diagnostic value of serum cytokeratin‐18 (CK‐18) in children with chronic liver diseases (CLD) and correlate its serum level with liver histology and other liver biomarkers.MethodsThis study included two groups, the first group included children with CLD and the second group included healthy matched age and gender subjects as a control group, complete history and clinical examination, and serum CK‐18 was measured using the sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay technique.ResultsSerum concentrations of CK‐18 were significantly elevated in CLD patients with mean ± standard deviation (1070.63 ± 699.2 ng/mL) compared to healthy controls mean ± standard deviation (203.95 ± 83.57 ng/mL). CK‐18 levels were associated with a change in hepatocyte and portal tract (P = 0.005) as it was elevated with cirrhosis and fibrosis stage (P = 0.02) as it was elevated with moderate and severe fibrosis than mild fibrosis, also it showed a gradual increase in accordance with child Pugh score. There was a positive correlation between CK‐18 levels and Total IgG, paediatric end‐stage liver disease score and model for end‐stage liver disease scores, the best cutoff point of CK‐18 was 624 ng/mL, with sensitivity 93.06%, specificity 62.5% and diagnostic accuracy 90.0% for detection of fibrosis.ConclusionCK‐18 could be used as a non‐invasive diagnostic marker in children with CLD.