bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aroma retention during drying of caja-umbu fruit pulp
Authors: Narain Narendra , Fontes Anderson Santos , Leite-Neta Maria Terezinha Santos , Matos Patricia Nogueira , Araújo Hannah Caroline Santos , Jesus Monica Silva , Rajkumar G. 
Published: January 2019

This study was aimed to obtain and characterize the dried powder of cajá-umbu (Spondias spp) fruit pulp obtained by spray-drying and lyophilization. Spray-drying of the pulp was done at different temperatures. Analysis of bioactive compounds and volatile compounds was performed. The total phenolic compounds content was high in the dried powder obtained at the temperature of 140 °C. The volatiles analysis of dried powders revealed that the powder dried at 140°C contained a larger number of compounds. The cajá-umbu powder showed that it is a better alternative for storage and conservation since it retained the majority of volatile compounds. Keywords: Cajá-umbu, volatile compounds, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry.
Finish drying and surface sterilization of bay leaves by microwaves
Authors: Sutar Parag Prakash , Kapoor Ashish 
Published: January 2019

Bay leaves (Laurus nobilis L.) refers to aromatic leaves which are native to minor regions of Asia. In order to extend the shelf life of the bay leaves its water activity and the surface micro-organisms were reduced using microwave heating at different power densities in the range 32.14 to 142.85 Wg-1. Treatment time at each power level was maintained constant at 150 s. The maximum reduction in water activity and moisture content occurred at highest power density. The heating time-temperature profile was obtained at all power levels. TPC, color change and browning index (BI) of bay leaves were measured in order to determine the effect of microwave treatment on microbial reduction and quality. The highest reduction in TPC was found in leaves heated at 142.85 Wg-1 power density along with acceptable quality parameters of the treated bay leaves. Keywords: Bay leaves; Microwave heating; TPC; Colour change
Ultrasound enhancement of osmotic dehydration and drying – Process kinetics and quality aspects
Authors: Musielak Grzegorz 
Published: January 2019

The aim of presented studies is to investigate of influence of ultrasonic assistance on both osmotic dehydration and convective drying. A wide range of different materials, as well as several osmotic agents were tested. The obtained results show that the use of ultrasound always accelerates the investigated processes. The application of ultrasound may reduce the energy consumption of drying. Qualitative studies of dried materials do not give a definite answer about the effect of ultrasound on the quality of the products. Mathematical modelling of the ultrasound assisted drying indicates that so named “vibration effect” plays the biggest role in convective drying acceleration. Keywords: osmotic dehydration; convective drying; ultrasound; process kinetics.
Moisture content modeling and effective moisture diffusivity determination during convective solar drying of blackberry (rubus spp) and basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)
Authors: López-Ortiz Anabel , Gallardo-Brígido J. C. , Silva-Norman A. , Pilatowsky-Figueroa Isaac , García-Valladares Octavio , Rodríguez-Ramírez Juan 
Published: January 2019

The goal of reducing energy consumption (EC), losses and waste (FL) in the food processing is a challenges in the worldwide. The use of active solar greenhouse dryers (GHD) for EC and FL reductions has increased due to its capacity, and low operating costs. In this work the effective diffusivity (Deff) and the moisture content modeling were analized for basil (Ocimum basilicum) and blackberry pulp (Rubus rosoideae) dried in a conventional stove (CD) and an GHD coupled to an additional air solar heating system (SCHa). The loss of water and the drying rate in food materials dehydrated in the GHD is consistent with the increment or decrement of temperature during the solar day. The Deff values for basil and blackberry pulp was ranged between -1.1044x10-7 and -3.9167x10-9. The solar energy obtained in the GHD supplied the heating requirements. In general, the Page’s model was the best fit for the drying kinetics for basil and blackberry pulp. Keywords: Solar Collector for air heating, solar energy, variable conditions
Post-harvest treatment of algerian broad beans using two different solar drying methods
Authors: Boubekri A. , Chouicha S. , Berbeuh M.H. , Mennouche D. , Frihi I. , Rzezgua A. 
Published: January 2019

This work was carried up in the objective to valorize the broad beans, largely harvested in Algeria, by solar drying means. In the present research paper, an experimental study was conducted on solar drying of broad beans by two different methods. Experimental trials were performed on a direct and an indirect laboratory scale solar dryers at Ouargla university in the southern of Algeria. Selected samples were dried at 50°C, 55°C, 60°C and 65°C. In both two applied cases, drying curves were obtained and compared. Among twelve consulted drying models the Page model was correlated with satisfaction to describe the solar drying of broad beans using a non linear regression analysis method. Operating and thermal performances of the two used drying systems were checked by the energy effeceincy and economic calculation. Obtained results showed that the direct solar drying ensures good preservation of the final product with a drying time of 5 hours. Keywords: solar drying ; convective drying ; broad bean ; quality
Drying parameters influence on ‘Ameclyae’ Opuntia ficus prickly pear oil quality
Authors: Desmorieux H. , Hassini L. 
Published: January 2019

The aim of this work is to study the effects of drying conditions on the quality of extracted pricly pear seed oil, specifically α-tocopherol content. Drying experiments were carried on following a full 23 factorial design using a vertical drying tunnel. The temperature range was 45 to 70°C, relative humidity range was 15 - 30% and air velocity was 1 and 2 m/s. The Midilli-Kucuk model was found with satisfaction describing the seed air drying curves with a correlation coefficient of 0.999 and a standard error of 0.01. For each drying condition, the extraction of fixed oil seeds was performed at cold using mechanical pressing method. The oil quality was evaluated on the basis of the a-tocopherol content. The a-tocopherol was identified and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV). According to the experimental results, it was found that convective drying of thin layer of seeds at soft air conditions, drying temperature of 45°C, relative humidity of 15% and air velocity of 1m/s give the optimal quality of extracted oil in terms of a-tocopherol content.Keywords: prickly pear seeds; convective drying; semi-empirical modeling; a-tocopherol seed oil; optimization.
Generation of high drug loading amorphous solid dispersions by Spray Drying
Authors: Costa Bhianca Lins de Azevedo , Sauceau Martial , Sescousse Romain , Re Maria Ines 
Published: January 2019

Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) refers to drug - carrier systems, where the drug is dispersed in the carrier at a molecular level. In this work, ASDs were formulated by spray drying. The aim was to achieve high drug loads of an amorphous hydrophobic drug (Efavirenz - EFV) in the carrier Soluplus®. Solid state characterizations (mDSC, XRPD, DVS, Raman, SEM, stability and solubility studies) were done. EFV amorphisation in ASDs (20 to 85% EFV loads) resulted in improved drug solubility compared to unprocessed EFV crystals and tendency of properties evolution over time for ASDs with EFV loads higher than 70 wt%. Keywords: amorphous solid dispersion, spray drying, high drug loading, soluplus, efavirenz.
Influence of drying on in vitro gastric digestion of beetroot: evaluation of the microstructure
Authors: Eim Valeria , Dalmau Esperanza , Cárcel Juan A. , Simal Susana 
Published: January 2019

To better understand the influence of processing on the bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds during digestion, the microstructure of beetroot samples was observed prior to and after 180 min of in vitro digestion, by using scanning electron microscopy. Beetroot samples were subjected to convective drying at 60 ºC and 2 m/s and freeze-drying at -50 ºC and 30Pa. Dried beetroots were rehydrated prior to digestion by immersion in distilled water at 37 ºC during 90 min. To extract quantitative information related to cell size from the visual texture of beetroot, grey level granulometric methods from mathematical morphology were applied. Keywords: freeze drying; convective drying; scanning electron microscopy; image analysis; image texture analysis.
Theoretical and experimental investigation of temperature and moisture distributions and changes in nutritional quality during Intermittent Microwave Convective Drying
Authors: Karim Azharul , Khan Imran , Pham Nghia Duc 
Published: January 2019

Intermittent microwave convective drying (IMCD) is an advanced drying system where a unique volumetric heating mode is facilitated. However, the physical phenomena of IMCD system and its effect on nutritional quality are not well understood yet. The aim of this research is to develop a coupled IMCD and quality prediction model and experimentaslly validate it. A coupled 3D mathematical model considering Maxwell’s equation for electromagnetic heating, and reaction kinetics for predicting quality was developed and validated. COMSOL Multiphysics, engineering software was used to solve the developed model. It is found that IMCD significantly affect the nutritional quality during drying of apple tissue. Keywords: Food material; Microwave; heat and mass transfer; Quality; 3D modelling
The effect of instrumental stray light on Brewer and Dobson total ozone measurements
Authors: Moeini Omid , Vaziri Zanjani Zahra , McElroy C. Thomas , Tarasick David W. , Evans Robert D. , Petropavlovskikh Irina , Feng Keh-Harng 
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Dobson and Brewer spectrophotometers are the primary, standard
instruments for ground-based ozone measurements under the World
Meteorological Organization's (WMO) Global Atmosphere Watch program. The
accuracy of the data retrieval for both instruments depends on a knowledge of
the ozone absorption coefficients and some assumptions underlying the data
analysis. Instrumental stray light causes nonlinearity in the response of
both the Brewer and Dobson to ozone at large ozone slant paths. In addition,
it affects the effective ozone absorption coefficients and extraterrestrial
constants that are both instrument-dependent. This effect has not been taken
into account in the calculation of ozone absorption coefficients that are
currently recommended by WMO for the Dobson network. The ozone absorption
coefficients are calculated for each Brewer instrument individually, but in
the current procedure the effect of stray light is not considered. This
study documents the error caused by the effect of stray light in the Brewer
and Dobson total ozone measurements using a physical model for each
instrument. For the first time, new ozone absorption coefficients are
calculated for the Brewer and Dobson instruments, taking into account the
stray light effect. The analyses show that the differences detected between
the total ozone amounts deduced from Dobson AD and CD pair wavelengths are
related to the level of stray light within the instrument. The discrepancy
introduced by the assumption of a fixed height for the ozone layer for ozone
measurements at high latitude sites is also evaluated. The ozone data
collected by two Dobson instruments during the period of December 2008 to
December 2014 are compared with ozone data from a collocated double
monochromator Brewer spectrophotometer (Mark III). The results illustrate the
dependence of Dobson AD and CD pair measurements on stray light.
Demonstration of an off-axis parabolic receiver for near-range retrieval of lidar ozone profiles
Authors: Farris Betsy M. , Gronoff Guillaume P. , Carrion William , Knepp Travis , Pippin Margaret , Berkoff Timothy A. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract. During the 2017 Ozone Water Land Environmental Transition Study (OWLETS), the
Langley mobile ozone lidar system utilized a new small diameter receiver to
improve the retrieval of near-surface signals from 0.1 to 1 km in altitude.
This new receiver utilizes a single 90 ∘ fiber-coupled, off-axis
parabolic mirror resulting in a compact form that is easy to align. The
single reflective surface offers the opportunity to easily expand its use to
multiple wavelengths for additional measurement channels such as visible
wavelength aerosol measurements. Detailed results compare the performance of
the receiver to both ozonesonde and in situ measurements from a UAV platform,
validating the performance of the near-surface ozone retrievals. Absolute
O3 differences averaged 7 % between lidar and ozonesonde data
from 0.1 to 1.0 km and yielded a 2.3 % high bias in the lidar data, well
within the uncertainty of the sonde measurements. Conversely, lidar
O3 measurements from 0.1 to 0.2 km averaged 10.5 % lower than
coincident UAV O3. A more detailed study under more stable
atmospheric conditions would be necessary to resolve the residual instrument
differences reported in this work. Nevertheless, this unique added capability
is a significant improvement allowing for near-surface observation of ozone.
The Advanced Infra-Red WAter Vapour Estimator (AIRWAVE) version 2: algorithm evolution, dataset description and performance improvements
Authors: Castelli Elisa , Papandrea Enzo , Di Roma Alessio , Dinelli Bianca Maria , Casadio Stefano , Bojkov Bojan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Total column water vapour (TCWV) is a key atmospheric variable
which is generally evaluated on global scales through the use of satellite
data. Recently a new algorithm, called AIRWAVE (Advanced Infra-Red WAter
Vapour Estimator), has been developed for the retrieval of the TCWV from the
Along-Track Scanning Radiometer (ATSR) instrument series. The AIRWAVE
algorithm retrieves TCWV by exploiting the dual view of the ATSR instruments
using the infrared channels at 10.8 and 12 µm and nadir and
forward observation geometries. The algorithm was used to produce a TCWV
database over sea from the whole ATSR mission. When compared to independent
TCWV products, the AIRWAVE version 1 (AIRWAVEv1) database shows very good
agreement with an overall bias of 3 % all over the ATSR missions. A large
contribution to this bias comes from the polar and the coastal regions, where
AIRWAVE underestimates the TCWV amount. In this paper we describe an updated
version of the algorithm, specifically developed to reduce the bias in these
regions. The AIRWAVE version 2 (AIRWAVEv2) accounts for the atmospheric
variability at different latitudes and the associated seasonality. In
addition, the dependency of the retrieval parameters on satellite
across-track viewing angles is now explicitly handled. With the new algorithm
we produced a second version of the AIRWAVE dataset. As for AIRWAVEv1, the
quality of the AIRWAVEv2 dataset is assessed through the comparison with the
Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) and with the Analyzed RadioSounding
Archive (ARSA) TCWV data. Results show significant improvements in both
biases (from 0.72 to 0.02 kg m−2) and
standard deviations (from 5.75 to 4.69 kg m−2), especially in polar
and coastal regions. A qualitative and quantitative estimate of the main error
sources affecting the AIRWAVEv2 TCWV dataset is also given. The new dataset
has also been used to estimate the water vapour climatology from the
1991–2012 time series.
Working conditions of retail industry workers in Hong Kong
Authors: Young Fanny YF 
Published: January 2019

This study investigated the relationship of working hour, work-life balance and mental health conditions in full-time retail industry workers in Hong Kong, an area without standard working hour legislation, in a follow up study during reduction in retail sales. Two questionnaire surveys were conducted, one in 2014 and the other one in 2015. Each survey comprised 100 retail industry workers in the same retail industry area in an anonymous basis. In 2014 the working hour was long (51.92 hours per week). During this reduction in retail sales there was a significant reduction in the originally long working hours (from 51.92 hours to 47.25 hours, p<0.0001), an increase in daily hours of personal or private activities (3.06 hours to 3.606 hours, not statistical significant), a significant increase in self-perceived work-life balance (from 3.76 to 4.51, p=0.0009), a decrease in number of workers having problems due to disturbed work-life balance, and a significant decrease in the high mental health score (from 18.93 to 15.36, p=0.0003) indicating improvement in mental health conditions. The findings provide scientific evidence for policy making, the working hour in an area without standard working hour legislation could be long. Reduction in working hour resulted in an improvement in work-life balance and mental health conditions.
Port Competitiveness, Efficiency, and Supply Chains: A Literature Review
Authors: Chang Young-Tae , Talley Wayne K. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This article examines such port competitiveness from the perspective of port efficiency and supply chains. Specifically, studies are examined that investigate port competitiveness from the traditional perspective and from the chain perspective. In doing so, methodological problems of the literature in investigating port competitiveness are deduced.
De katholieke sociale leer over de relatie gelovige/burger, samenleving en seculiere staat
Authors: van Stiphout Maurice 
Published: January 2019

Catholic social doctrine on the relationship between believer/citizen, society, and secular State
In the 19th century in many Western states, the close relationship between Church and State came to an end and the Roman Catholic Church developed into a major and active player on social and educational level in society separate from the State.This was due, on the one hand, to the constitutional changes in the Western states from the end of the 18th century, which led to the gradual introduction of the formal principle of separation of Church and State. On the other hand, it was a result of the search for a new position of the Roman Catholic Church in society that also influenced the theological reflection of the Church on society.The ecclesiastical reflection on the ideal relationship between Church and State took shape in the course of this process in the Ius Publicum Ecclesiasticum. The ecclesiastical view on the relationship between believers/citizens, society and State simultaneously took shape in Catholic social doctrine, which today still offers a model for modern society. In Catholic social doctrine, the believer/citizen is the connecting element between Church and State in a secular society. The ‘state doctrine’ of the Catholic Church is presented in Catholic social doctrine as an ideal image of the democratic constitutional state in which man is central and forms the central link between Church, society and secular State.
Emociones positivas y educación de la convivencia escolar. Contribución de la expresión motriz cooperativa
Authors: Sáez de Ocáriz Unai , Lavega Pere , Mateu Mercé , Rovira Glòria 
Published: January 2019

Una de las claves de la educación física es la mejora de la convivencia entre los escolares. La vivencia de emociones positivas o negativas en las situaciones motrices tiene una relación directa con la educación de las relaciones interpersonales. En este estudio se examinó la vivencia emocional suscitada por situaciones cooperativas de expresión motriz. Participaron 81 estudiantes (Medad = 21,05 años, DT = 2,06; 22 chicas y 59 chicos) del Instituto Nacional de Educación Física de Cataluña (Universidad de Barcelona). Se utilizó la escala validada de juegos y emociones (GES). Tras cada actividad los alumnos anotaron la intensidad experimentada en trece emociones y realizaron un comentario sobre las causas que originaron la emoción más intensa. El estudio empleó métodos mixtos, y complementó el análisis de los datos cuantitativos con el de los datos cualitativos. Los resultados confirmaron la contribución de la expresión en la vivencia de experiencias positivas.
One key aspect of physical education is to improve coexistence among schoolchildren. The experience of positive or negative emotions in motor situations is directly related to education of interpersonal relationships. This study examined emotional experiences elicited in cooperative situations in which motor expression took place. A sample of 81 students (Mean Age = 21.05, SD = 2.06, 22 girls and 59 boys) from the National Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia (University of Barcelona) participated in this study. The validated game and emotions scale (GES) was used. After each activity, students assessed the intensity of thirteen emotions and explained the causes of the most intense emotion. The study used mixed methods, whereby qualitative data complemented quantitative data. The results confirmed the impact of motor expression on positive experiences.
Concepção pedagógica oficial construtivista na rede estadual de ensino paulista
Authors: Marsiglia Ana Carolina Galvão , Duarte Newton 
Published: January 2019

<!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face	{font-family:"Cambria Math";	panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;	mso-font-charset:0;	mso-generic-font-family:roman;	mso-font-pitch:variable;	mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1107304683 0 0 159 0;} @font-face	{font-family:Garamond;	panose-1:2 2 4 4 3 3 1 1 8 3;	mso-font-charset:0;	mso-generic-font-family:roman;	mso-font-pitch:variable;	mso-font-signature:647 0 0 0 159 0;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal	{mso-style-unhide:no;	mso-style-qformat:yes;	mso-style-parent:"";	margin:0cm;	margin-bottom:.0001pt;	mso-pagination:none;	mso-layout-grid-align:none;	text-autospace:none;	font-size:10.0pt;	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} .MsoChpDefault	{mso-style-type:export-only;	mso-default-props:yes;	font-size:10.0pt;	mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;} @page Section1	{size:612.0pt 792.0pt;	margin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm;	mso-header-margin:36.0pt;	mso-footer-margin:36.0pt;	mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1	{page:Section1;} --><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: ">O Estado de São Paulo é o principal centro mercantil, corporativo e financeiro brasileiro. A Secretaria de Estado da Educação de São Paulo (SEE) administra cerca de cinco milhões de alunos, 230 mil professores, 5.500 escolas. O número de alunos do Estado de São Paulo é maior que o da população de 15 estados brasileiros. Diante desses números verifica-se a importância de desvelar a política educacional na rede estadual de ensino de São Paulo, explicitando o construtivismo como um elemento estratégico dessa política. A SEE vem mantendo, desde 1983, portanto, há mais de vinte e cinco anos, o construtivismo como discurso pedagógico oficial e, ao mesmo tempo, como um dos pilares para a formatação de um modelo de escola em sintonia com as injunções neoliberais e pós-modernas por meio de dispositivos legais, produção e circulação de materiais distribuídos à rede de ensino. Esses mecanismos funcionam como interventores sobre a prática pedagógica e veiculam valores, teorias e ideologias, trazendo implicações que podem ser observadas no precário desempenho do alunado nos diferentes instrumentos de avaliação de aprendizagem. Assim, o percurso dessas publicações nos últimos 25 anos deve servir à análise das políticas públicas para a educação paulista e se prestar à denúncia das conseqüências da opção teórico-pedagógica da SEE: formação de baixa qualidade limitada à reprodução da divisão social do trabalho.</span>
ESCOLA E DEMOCRACIA: PARA ALÉM DA “TEORIA DA CURVATURA DA VARA”
Authors: Saviani Dermeval 
Published: January 2019

<span style="font-size: 9.000000pt; font-family: 'Garamond';">Publicado originalmente na Revista da Associação Nacional de Educação (ano 01, número 03, p. 57-64, 1982) </span>