bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН АДМІНІСТРАТИВНО-ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ВІДБОРУ КАДРІВ ДО СЛУЖБИ БЕЗПЕКИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Карастельов В. А. 
Published: December 2024

Актуальність статті полягає в тому, що повномасштабна військова агресія російської федерації проти нашої держави показала: наскільки важливою та необхідною є діяльність Служби безпеки України у напрямку забезпечення територіальної цілісності та незалежності України. Разом із тим, війна також виявила й певні недоліки у діяльності даної інституції, які, зокрема, обумовлені неякісним її кадровим забезпеченням. Варто також зауважити, що кадрове забезпечення є складною за своєю сутністю та змістом діяльністю, яка обумовлює необхідність її належного нормативно-правового регулювання, яке, на сьогодні також не позбавлено проблем, а відтак, важливим напрямком теоретичних досліджень є оцінка стану адміністративно-правового регулювання відбору кадрів до Служби безпеки України. Зроблено висновок, що привалювання підзаконних нормативно-правових актів в адміністративно-правовому регулюванні відбору кадрів до СБУ є недоліком, адже, якщо порівнювати приклади регулювання аналогічного питання у роботі інших правоохоронних органів, зокрема, Національної поліції України, Національного антикорупційного бюро України тощо, то в законодавчих актах сфери діяльності останніх, питання відбору більш чітко окреслюється із виділенням конкретних етапів, типів праці (державна служба, робота за трудовим договором і таке інше), вимог до кандидатів, порядку входження у професію. В свою чергу, Закон України «Про Службу безпеки України» досить поверхнево регулює зазначені аспекти, внаслідок чого: 1) мінімізовано гарантії об’єктивного відбору до органів та підрозділів СБУ; 2) регулювання процесу відбору набуває «ґнучкості», адже відбувається за рахунок положень відомчих актів, вносити зміни до яких значно легше, аніж до законів; 3) відсутні прозорі кваліфікаційні вимоги до кандидатів на службу в СБУ. Виправлення зазначених недоліків можливо за рахунок внесення змін до Розділу ІІІ Закону України «Про Службу безпеки України», в якому варто закріпити: 1) чіткі кваліфікаційні та освітні вимоги до кандидатів на службу; 2) етапи проведення відбору на службу до СБУ; 3) процедуру відбору на службу до СБУ; 4) особливості відбору на службу за рахунок навчання у навчальних закладах СБУ.
The Effect of Barrier Use on Population Development and Attacks of B.tabaci Genn. on Soybean Plantations
Authors: Jannah Muhvidatul , Nanang Tri Haryadi  
Published: December 2024

Soybean (Glycine max (L) Merrill) is one of the food crop commodities in Indonesia. Soybean crop productivity decreased due to one of them being attack of B. tabaci Genn. One of the ways for controlling B. tabaci Genn. pests in soybean cultivation is by using a barrier. Barrier is an integrated pest management (IPM) which is based on ecological balance in nature. Pests are prevented from coming and attacking crops by using various forms of barriers that can slow down the movement of pests. The use of barriers can be a useful tool to reduce the development of B. tabaci Genn. on planting. This study was conducted to determine the effect of using a barrier on the population and attack of B. tabaci Genn. The barriers used in this study are plastic barriers, organdy barriers, sunflower barriers, and corn plant barriers. The study used a randomized block design with 5 treatments, namely P1 = control, P2 = organdy barrier, P3 = sunflower barrier, P4 = corn plant barrier and P5 = plastic barrier. The data obtained were then analyzed using ANOVA variance and further tested using the DMRT test at 5% level. The observed variables were population and attack intensity on B. tabaci Genn. in soybean planting areas, visits by other pests and soybean yields.
TANTANGAN PRATEK AKUNTANSI DI RANAH SOSIAL POLITIK
Authors: Darmoko Henry Windrianto 
Published: December 2024

This Study is a narrative research that falls within thw realm of qualitative research. It reveals evidence of the existence of accounting practices in the socio-political sphere, particulary in the context of elections. In Indonesia, political parties participating in elections are required to prepare and submit campaign finance reports to the General Election Commission (KPU). These campaign finance reports are designed based on accounting principles. The reports prepared by political parties are subject to audit by a Public Accounting Firm (KAP) appointed by the KPU. However, the presence of accounting in this socio-political domain faces challenges, as the audit result of the campaign finance reports do not appear to have any impact on the election outcomes or on the participating political parties. Consequently, the auditing of campaign finance reports is deemed a futile exercise, as there is no discernible difference in the election result with or without the audist.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian naratif yang masuk dalam penelitian kualitatif. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bukti-bukti eksistensi dari penerapan ilmu akuntansi di ranah sosial politik, khususnya dalam kontek pemilu. Dalam pemilu di Indonesia, partai politik peserta pemilu wajib Menyusun dan menyerahkan laporan dana kampanye kepada KPU. Laporan dana kampanye tersebut didesain dengan konsep akuntansi. Laporan dana kampanye yang telah dibuat oleh partai politik akan diaudit oleh Kantor Akutan Publik (KAP) yang ditunjuk oleh KPU. Dalam eksistensi ilmu akuntansi pada ranah sosial politik ini ternyata memiliki tantangan. Dimana hasil audit atas laporan dana kampanye ternyata tidak memiliki dampak apapun terhadap hasil pemilu ataupun terhadap partai politik peserta pemilu. Sehingga audit atas laporan dana kampanye dikatakan sebagai pekerjaan yang sia-sia karena ada dan tidak adanya audit atas laporan dana kampanye tidak memiliki perbedaan.
IOT BASED SMART HOME SIMULATION (INTERNET OF THINGS)
Authors: Ardianto Yeheskiel Hency , Widiasari Indrastanti Ratna 
Published: December 2024

Abstract: The development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has significantly impacted life, particularly in creating more efficient and secure smart homes. Smart homes integrate various electronic devices to enhance comfort and energy efficiency. However, cost, integration complexity, and security issues remain. This study will simulate an IoT-based smart home system to analyse and evaluate device performance before real-world implementation. The simulation method involves testing connectivity and evaluating delay and packet loss using the ping method on each device. Results show the highest delay on CCTV devices at 41.8 ms and the lowest on motion detector 2 at 32.8 ms, with 0% packet loss. According to TIPHON standards, the network is rated excellent with an index of 4. The designed smart home system demonstrates optimal performance and is feasible for implementation but requires further development in configuration using AI and machine learning technologies. Keywords: internet of things; simulation; smart home; testing Abstrak: Perkembangan teknologi Internet of Things (IoT) telah membawa perubahan signifikan dalam kehidupan, terutama dalam pengembangan rumah pintar (smart home) yang lebih efisien dan aman. Smart home mengintegrasikan berbagai perangkat elektronik untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan dan efisiensi energi. Meskipun demikian, tantangan seperti biaya, kompleksitas integrasi, dan isu keamanan masih ada. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensimulasikan sistem smart home berbasis IoT guna menganalisis dan mengevaluasi kinerja perangkat sebelum implementasi nyata. Metode simulasi yang digunakan melibatkan pengujian konektivitas dan evaluasi delay serta packet loss dengan metode ping pada setiap perangkat. Hasil menunjukkan delay tertinggi pada perangkat CCTV sebesar 41.8 ms dan terendah pada motion detector 2 sebesar 32.8 ms, dengan packet loss 0%. Berdasarkan standar TIPHON, jaringan dinilai sangat baik dengan indeks 4. Sistem smart home yang dirancang menunjukkan kinerja optimal dan layak diimplementasikan, namun masih memerlukan pengembangan lebih lanjut dalam konfigurasi menggunakan teknologi AI dan machine learning. Keywords: internet of things; pengujian; simulasi; smart home
Composition and antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts of Pleurotus eryngii var. ferulae and P. eryngii var. elaeoselini
Authors: Polito Flavio , De Martino Laura , Mirabile Giulia , Venturella Giuseppe , Gargano Maria Letizia , De Feo Vincenzo , Elshafie Hazem S. , Camele Ippolito 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundThe basidiomycetes Pleurotus eryngii var. ferulae Lanzi and P. eryngii var. elaeoselini Venturella et al. belong to the P. eryngii species complex, acting as facultative biotrophs in association with members of Apiaceae family, i.e., Ferula communis L. and Elaeoselinum asclepium L., respectively. The consumption of these fungi has rapidly increased in recent decades, not only thanks to their nutritional properties and pleasant flavor, but also for their bioactive and medicinal properties.MethodsA quantitative study of their hydroalcoholic extracts was carried out by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The potential antimicrobial activity of the extracts was also tested against some phytopathogenic bacteria [Clavibacter michiganensis and Bacillus megaterium (Gram-positive), Pseudomonas viridiflava, Xanthomonas campestris, and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative)] and fungi (Aspergillus fumigatus, Penicillium italicum, Monilinia laxa, Botrytis cinerea, Cadophora sp., and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum).ResultsThe chemical analysis allowed the identification of secondary metabolites belonging to different classes, as flavonoids, organic acids, amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins, nucleic acids, fatty acids, and triterpenoids. Both extracts demonstrated antimicrobial activity against of the most tested microorganisms.ConclusionThe results can broaden the knowledge on the possible use of these fungal species in the agricultural sector.
Unravelling the mechanisms causing murepavadin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: lipopolysaccharide alterations and its consequences
Authors: Hernández-García Marta , Barbero-Herranz Raquel , Bastón-Paz Natalia , Díez-Aguilar María , López-Collazo Eduardo , Márquez-Garrido Francesc J. , Hernández-Pérez José María , Baquero Fernando , Ekkelenkamp Miquel B. , Fluit Ad C. , Fuentes-Valverde Víctor , Moscoso Miriam , Bou Germán , del Campo Rosa , Cantón Rafael , Avendaño-Ortiz José 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionMurepavadin is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) in clinical development that selectively targets Pseudomonas aeruginosa LptD and whose resistance profile remains unknown. We aimed to explore genomic modifications and consequences underlying murepavadin and/or colistin susceptibility.MethodsTo define genomic mechanisms underlying resistance, we performed two approaches: 1) a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a P. aeruginosa clinical collection (n=496), considering &gt;0.25 mg/L as tentative cut-off of murepavadin acquired resistance; 2) a paired genomic comparison in a subset of 5 isolates and their isogenic murepavadin-resistant mutants obtained in vitro. Lipid-A composition, immunogenicity and cathelicidin and indolicidin effects on bacterial growth were also tested in this last subset of isolates. Murepavadin MICs were determined in ΔlpxL1 and ΔlpxL2 knock-out mutants obtained from a auxotroph PAO1 derivative.ResultsGWAS revealed a missense variant (A→G p.Thr260Ala in the hisJ gene) associated with murepavadin resistance although both resistant and susceptible strains harbored it (21% and 12% respectively, OR=1.92, p=0.012 in χ² test). Among the isolate subset, murepavadin-resistant mutants with deletions in lpxL1 and lpxL2 genes showed lower abundance of hexa-acylated lipid-A (m/z 1616, 1632). 4-aminoarabinose addition was found only in colistin-resistant isolates but not in the other ones, irrespective of murepavadin susceptibility. Accordingly, ΔlpxL1 and ΔlpxL2 mutants exhibited higher murepavadin MICs than parental PAO1 auxotroph strain (2 and 4 vs 0.5 mg/L respectively). Lipopolysaccharide from murepavadin-resistant mutants triggered lower inflammatory responses in human monocytes. Those with lpxL mutations and hexa-acylated lipid-A loss also exhibited greater growth reduction when exposed to host-derived AMPs cathelicidin and indolicidin.DiscussionHigh murepavadin-resistance seems to be linked to lpxL1 and lpxL2 mutations and lower hexa-acylated lipid-A, corresponding to lower inflammatory induction and higher susceptibility to host-derived AMPs. Although GWAS identified one variant associated with the murepavadin-resistant phenotype, data revealed that there was no unique single genetic event underlying this phenotype. Our study provides insight into the mechanisms underlying murepavadin susceptibility.
Rising challenges in periprosthetic joint infections: a focus on rare pathogens and their clinical implications
Authors: Lyu Jianhua , Huang Jiagu , Huang Jiexin , Hu Hongxin , Wang Qijin , Ding Haiqi , Li Hongyan , Fang Xinyu , Zhang Wenming 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesThe study aimed to evaluate differences in clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) attributed to rare versus common pathogens.MethodsData on PJI patients who underwent hip or knee arthroplasty at our center from April 2013 to December 2022 were retrospectively collected. Among the 219 enrolled patients, we compared 32 cases of PJI caused by rare pathogens with 187 controls of PJI caused by common pathogens, analyzing demographic information, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes.ResultsIn demographic data, the Charlson comorbidity index and preoperative invasive procedures were identified as risk factors for rare pathogen PJI. Clinically, the rare pathogen cohort exhibited a significantly higher rate of sinus tract formation compared to those with common bacteria PJI. In terms of laboratory findings, the mean serum C-reactive protein (CRP) was significantly lower in the rare pathogen group. This cohort also had a significantly lower culture positivity rate and a higher rate of polymicrobial co-infections. The median hospital stay was statistically longer for rare pathogen PJI cases than for those with common bacteria PJI. Furthermore, the rare pathogen group required longer antibiotic treatments and had higher rates of antibiotic-related adverse events, although reinfection rates did not significantly differ.ConclusionPJI caused by rare pathogens exhibits distinct clinical presentations. With advances in diagnostic techniques such as metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), optimized culture methods, and an interdisciplinary approach facilitating early targeted treatment, rare pathogen PJIs may achieve outcomes comparable to those of typical cases.
Zhuanggu Shubi ointment mediated the characteristic bacteria-intestinal mucosal barrier-bone metabolism axis to intervene in postmenopausal osteoporosis
Authors: Li Xiaoya , Li Ning , Pei Huan , Ren Yu , Li Lei , Sun Lan , Wu Yueying , Yuan Jiali , Ma Yuan 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundZhuanggu Shubi ointment (ZGSBG) has good efficacy in postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO), but the mechanism of efficacy involving gut microecology has not been elucidated.ObjectiveThis study investigated the mechanism of ZGSBG in regulating gut microecology in PMO.MethodsThe bilateral ovarian denervation method was used to construct a rat model of PMO and was administered ZGSBG. Behavior, bone transformation, gut microbiota, intestinal mucosal barrier, and intestinal inflammatory-related indexes were detected.ResultsAfter ZGSBG intervention, bone R-hydroxy glutamic acid protein and procollagen type I N-terminal propeptides were significantly upregulated, while C-terminal telopeptide of type-I collagen and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b were significantly downregulated. Pathological analysis demonstrated an improvement in femoral and colonic structures. The expressions of zonula occludens-1, occludin, claudin-1, and secretory immunoglobulin A in the colonic tissues were significantly elevated, while the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and lipopolysaccharides were reduced. Moreover, characteristic bacteria Muribaculaceae and Prevotella were significantly enriched. Furthermore, Muribaculaceae and Prevotella have a positive correlation with intestinal mucosal barrier function and a negative correlation with intestinal inflammatory responses.ConclusionZGSBG promoted bone formation, inhibited bone resorption, regulated gut microbiota, repaired intestinal mucosal barrier damage, and inhibited intestinal inflammatory responses in PMO rats. Muribaculaceae and Prevotella might play positive roles in ZGSBG treatment of intestinal mucosal barrier injury and inflammatory reactions in PMO.
Journey to becoming a culturally responsive science educator: reflections about use and barriers from graduate teaching assistants at a Minority-Serving Institution
Authors: McAnally Kaylyn , Barron Hillary A. , Woodruff Isabella , Beaster-Jones Laura , Menke Erik , Kranzfelder Petra 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionA pedagogical framework with the aim of dismantling sociostructural disparity and systemic oppression is culturally responsive science teaching (CRST). Although CRST has been linked with improved student empowerment, self-efficacy, and ethnic and academic identity, more research is needed to assess whether graduate teaching assistants (TAs) in college science are familiar with and prepared to engage in CRST. We conducted two training sessions for inclusive teaching practices and CRST during a graduate TA teaching professional development course at a research-intensive Minority-Serving Institution (MSI).MethodsWe collected surveys, written reflections, and session artifacts from five graduate TAs participants and used qualitative methods to generate an understanding of their experiences with inclusive teaching and CRST.ResultsResults from this exploratory study indicated that graduate TAs felt they lacked training in inclusive practices and CRST, but still were intentional in providing their students with individualized attention and tried to make sociopolitical connections in their teaching. Also, they reported using inclusive practices and CRST by encouraging shared student experiences and promoting growth mindsets. A lack of time and training remained a barrier to implementation.DiscussionThese findings can inform future inclusive teaching professional development, which aims to bolster instructor's inclusive and culturally responsive science teaching practices, especially at MSIs.
Analyzing first-semester chemistry students’ transactive talk and problem-solving activities in an intervention study through a quantitative coding manual
Authors: Hauck David Johannes , Steffen Andreas , Melle Insa 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, digital video conferencing formats temporarily became the new norm at universities. Due to social distancing, these environments were often the only way for students to work together. In the present study, we investigated how first-semester chemistry students dealt with new, challenging content, i.e., quantum theories of chemical bonding such as molecular orbital (MO) theory, in such an unfamiliar collaboration environment. Studies in the field of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) suggest that small groups working on complex tasks are particularly effective when students actively build on the ideas and reasoning of their peers, i.e., when they engage in transactive talk and when they structure their work on a metacognitive level by following typical problem-solving patterns.MethodsTo operationalize these constructs, we developed a coding manual through quantitative content analysis, that we used to analyze a total of N = 77 students working together in 21 small groups on two consecutive tasks: the creation of glossaries and the construction of concept maps on MO theory. Our manual showed very good characteristics in terms of internal consistency and inter-coder reliability. Based on the data obtained, it was possible to not only describe the student’s transactive communication and problem-solving activities, but to correlate it with other variables such as knowledge development in MO theory, which allowed us to compare the two different collaborative phases as well as different treatment groups.Results and discussionStudents showed a higher proportion of transactivity and problem-solving activities when constructing the concept maps than when creating glossaries. In terms of knowledge gains, a multiple linear regression analysis revealed that students in groups that derived consequences from their collaborative work showed greater improvements than students who did not, although the students’ prior knowledge remained the most influential factor. As for the different treatments, our data did not reveal any noticeable difference when students from a small group worked with either complementary or identical material before collaboration, neither in terms of transactive talk nor problem-solving patterns. All in all, we were able to develop and test a powerful tool to quantify transactive communication and problem-solving activities in a collaborative context.
Loss of Sult1a1 reduces body weight and increases browning of white adipose tissue
Authors: Springer Margherita , Meugnier Emmanuelle , Schnabl Katharina , Hof Kevin Sebastiaan , Champy Marie-France , Sorg Tania , Petit-Demoulière Benoit , Germain Natacha , Galusca Bogdan , Estour Bruno , Vidal Hubert , Klingenspor Martin , Hager Jörg 
Published: December 2024

Background and objectiveOverweight and obesity affects millions of individuals worldwide and consequently represents a major public health concern. Individuals living with overweight and obesity have difficulty maintaining a low body weight due to known physiological mechanisms which prevent further weight loss and drive weight regain. In contrast, mechanisms which promote low body weight maintenance receive less attention and are largely unknown. To uncover these intrinsic mechanisms, we investigated a human cohort of constitutionally thin (CT) individuals which maintain a low body weight and are resistant to weight gain despite exposure to an obesogenic environment.MethodsTo identify novel genes that contribute to low body weight maintenance, we performed transcriptomics on adipose tissue biopsies collected from CT and normal body weight (NBW) individuals and identified sulfotransferase 1A1 (SULT1A1) as a target for further investigation in mice. Sult1a1 knockout (KO) mice were fed a standard diet to assess the impact of Sult1a1 deletion on metabolic traits. To determine if high-fat feeding recapitulated the CT weight gain resistance phenotype, Sult1a1 KO mice were fed a high-fat diet for 13-weeks. A subset of wild-type and Sult1a1 KO mice from the standard diet were further analyzed for characterization of adipose tissue respiratory capacity.ResultsIn comparison to NBW controls, adipose tissue from CT individuals expresses less SULT1A1. Sult1a1 KO mice weigh 10% less at the end of the study period and on a high-fat diet, Sult1a1 KO mice tended to gain less weight and had reduced fat mass at 14-weeks of age. These changes were associated with reduced fasting insulin and lessened adipose tissue inflammation and fibrosis. Subcutaneous adipose tissue from Sult1a1 KO mice on a standard chow diet had elevated leak respiration, uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression and increased expression of a mitochondrial marker, VDAC, associating Sult1a1 deletion to adipose tissue browning.ConclusionsOur results associate Sult1a1 deletion with a tendency for lower body weight through remodeling of white adipose tissue towards a brown phenotype. The presence of UCP1, the expression of an additional mitochondrial protein and increased respiratory capacity suggest browning of the subcutaneous adipose tissue depot of Sult1a1 KO mice.