bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional band structure and surface electron accumulation of rs-CdxZn1−xO studied by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
Authors: Takahashi Kazutoshi , Imamura Masaki , Chang Jang Hyo , Tanaka Tooru , Saito Katsuhiko , Guo Qixin , Yu Kin Man , Walukiewicz Wladek 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThree-dimensional band structure of rock-salt (rs) CdxZn1−xO (x = 1.0, 0.83, and 0.60) have been determined by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) using synchrotron radiation. Valence-band features shift to higher binding energy with Zn content, while the conduction band position does not depend strongly on Zn content. An increase of the indirect band gap with Zn-doping is larger than that of the direct band gap, reflecting a weaker hybridization between Zn 3d and O 2p than that between Cd 4d and O 2p. Two-dimensional electronic states due to the quantization along surface normal direction are formed in the surface accumulation layer and show non-parabolic dispersions. Binding energy of the quantized two-dimensional state is well reproduced using an accumulation potential with the observed surface band bending and the characteristic width of about 30 Å.
Therapeutic potential of coenzyme Q10 in mitochondrial dysfunction during tacrolimus-induced beta cell injury
Authors: Luo Kang , Yu Ji Hyun , Quan Yi , Shin Yoo Jin , Lee Kyung Eun , Kim Hong Lim , Ko Eun Jeong , Chung Byung Ha , Lim Sun Woo , Yang Chul Woo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe previously reported that oxidative stress induced by long-term tacrolimus treatment impairs mitochondrial function in pancreatic beta cells. In this study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of coenzyme Q10, which is known to be a powerful antioxidant, in mitochondrial dysfunction in tacrolimus-induced diabetic rats. In a rat model of tacrolimus-induced diabetes mellitus, coenzyme Q10 treatment improved pancreatic beta cell function. The administration of coenzyme Q10 improved insulin immunoreactivity within islets, which was accompanied by reductions in oxidative stress and apoptosis. Assessment of the mitochondrial ultrastructure by electron microscopy revealed that coenzyme Q10 treatment increased the size, number, and volume of mitochondria, as well as the number of insulin granules compared with that induced by tacrolimus treatment alone. An in vitro study using a pancreatic beta cell line showed that tacrolimus treatment increased apoptosis and the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, while cotreatment with coenzyme Q10 effectively attenuated these alterations. At the subcellular level, tacrolimus-induced impairment of mitochondrial respiration was significantly improved by coenzyme Q10, as evidenced by the increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption and ATP production. Our data indicate that coenzyme Q10 plays an important role in reducing tacrolimus-induced oxidative stress and protects the mitochondria in pancreatic beta cells. These findings suggest that supplementation with coenzyme Q10 has beneficial effects in tacrolimus-induced diabetes mellitus.
A comparative genomics approach for identifying host-range determinants in Streptococcus thermophilus bacteriophages
Authors: Szymczak Paula , Rau Martin Holm , Monteiro João M. , Pinho Mariana G. , Filipe Sérgio Raposo , Vogensen Finn Kvist , Zeidan Ahmad A. , Janzen Thomas 
Published: May 2019

AbstractComparative genomics has proven useful in exploring the biodiversity of phages and understanding phage-host interactions. This knowledge is particularly useful for phages infecting Streptococcus thermophilus, as they constitute a constant threat during dairy fermentations. Here, we explore the genetic diversity of S. thermophilus phages to identify genetic determinants with a signature for host specificity, which could be linked to the bacterial receptor genotype. A comparative genomic analysis was performed on 142 S. thermophilus phage genomes, 55 of which were sequenced in this study. Effectively, 94 phages were assigned to the group cos (DT1), 36 to the group pac (O1205), six to the group 5093, and six to the group 987. The core genome-based phylogeny of phages from the two dominating groups and their receptor binding protein (RBP) phylogeny corresponded to the phage host-range. A role of RBP in host recognition was confirmed by constructing a fluorescent derivative of the RBP of phage CHPC951, followed by studying the binding of the protein to the host strain. Furthermore, the RBP phylogeny of the cos group was found to correlate with the host genotype of the exocellular polysaccharide-encoding operon. These findings provide novel insights towards developing strategies to combat phage infections in dairies.
Cell cycle dynamics of mouse embryonic stem cells in the ground state and during transition to formative pluripotency
Authors: Waisman Ariel , Sevlever Federico , Elías Costa Martín , Cosentino María Soledad , Miriuka Santiago G. , Ventura Alejandra C. , Guberman Alejandra S. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) can be maintained as homogeneous populations in the ground state of pluripotency. Release from this state in minimal conditions allows to obtain cells that resemble those of the early post-implantation epiblast, providing an important developmental model to study cell identity transitions. However, the cell cycle dynamics of mESCs in the ground state and during its dissolution have not been extensively studied. By performing live imaging experiments of mESCs bearing cell cycle reporters, we show here that cells in the pluripotent ground state display a cell cycle structure comparable to the reported for mESCs in serum-based media. Upon release from self-renewal, the cell cycle is rapidly accelerated by a reduction in the length of the G1 phase and of the S/G2/M phases, causing an increased proliferation rate. Analysis of cell lineages indicates that cell cycle variables of sister cells are highly correlated, suggesting the existence of inherited cell cycle regulators from the parental cell. Together with a major morphological reconfiguration upon differentiation, our findings support a correlation between this in vitro model and early embryonic events.
Peli1 controls the survival of dopaminergic neurons through modulating microglia-mediated neuroinflammation
Authors: Dai Dongfang , Yuan Jia , Wang Yan , Xu Jing , Mao Chaoming , Xiao Yichuan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractChronic neuroinflammation is known to contributes to the toxicity of neurodegeneration of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms controlling inflammatory responses in the central nervous system remain poorly understood. Here we found that a E3 ubiquitin ligase Peli1 is dramatically induced only in the substantia nigra (SN) of the human and mouse PD brains. The ablation of Peli1 significantly suppressed LPS-induced production of neurotoxic mediators and proinflammatory cytokines in SN and in primary microglia, whereas Peli1 is dispensable for the inflammatory responses in astrocyte. Accordingly, Peli1 deficiency markedly inhibited neuron death induced by the conditioned medium from LPS-stimulated microglia. Mechanistical study suggested that Peli1 acts as a positive regulator of inflammatory response in microglia through activation of NF-κB and MAP kinase. Our results established Peli1 as a critical mediator in the regulation of microglial activation and neuroinflammation-induced death of dopaminergic neurons during PD pathogenesis, suggesting that targeting Peli1 may have therapeutic effect in neuroinflammation.
Berberine alleviates hyperglycemia by targeting hepatic glucokinase in diabetic db/db mice
Authors: Li Meng , Dang Yanqi , Li Qiong , Zhou Wenjun , Zuo Jianping , Yao Zemin , Zhang Li , Ji Guang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBerberine (BBR) is a widely used anti-diabetic agent, and liver glucokinase (GK) has been reported to be involved. However, the mechanisms of BBR in regulating GK are still unknown. Here, we found that BBR upregulated GK immunofluorescence expression in AML12 cells cultured in high glucose and increased glycogen content simultaneously. BBR improved hyperglycemia in db/db mice, and increased liver glucose-6-phosphate/glucose-1-phosphate (G-6-P/G-1-P) was found by analyzing metabolites (serum, liver, and feces) based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) metabolomics. Pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) assessment revealed enriched BBR distribution in the liver, and liver G-6-P had the same trend as the concentration-time curve of BBR. G-6-P is solely catalyzed by GK, and GK activity and expression showed a positive correlation with liver BBR levels. In db/db mice, BBR also upregulated GK in liver fractions (cytoplasm and nucleus) and liver glycogen content. GK functionally worked by dissociating from GK regulatory protein (GKRP), and although GKRP expression was not affected, we found a decreased ratio of GK binding with GKRP in BBR treated db/db mice. In conclusion, our study suggests the dissociation of GK from GKRP as the potential mechanism for liver GK increase upon BBR treatment, which contributes to the anti-diabetic effect of BBR.
Ultrafast synthesis of AFX-Type zeolite with enhanced activity in the selective catalytic reduction of NOx and hydrothermal stability
Authors: Chokkalingam Anand , Chaikittisilp Watcharop , Iyoki Kenta , Keoh Sye Hoe , Yanaba Yutaka , Yoshikawa Takeshi , Kusamoto Tetsuro , Okubo Tatsuya , Wakihara Toru 
Published: May 2019

SSZ-16 (AFX-type) zeolite prepared in 2 h, so far the fastest, shows enhanced hydrothermal-stability and activity in selective-catalytic-reduction of NOx.
C-reactive protein gene 1846C&gt;T polymorphism is associated with increased risk and clinical features of lung cancer: a case–control study
Authors: Chen Chen , Liu Jing-Ni , Zhao Jian-Qiang , Zang Bao 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Chronic inflammation plays an important role in lung carcinogenesis. Recently, several studies investigated the association of C-reactive protein (CRP) gene 1846C&gt;T polymorphism and lung cancer (LC) risk, but with conflicting findings. In the present study, we conducted this case–control study with 408 LC patients and 472 healthy controls in a Chinese Han population. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLR) method. Our data found that CRP gene 1846C&gt;T polymorphism increased the risk of LC. Subgroup analyses obtained significant associations among the groups of males, ≥50 years old, smoking, and non-drinkers. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the expression levels of CRP in LC tissues were significantly increased compared with normal tissues. Additionally, the present study found CRP mRNA high expression was associated with worse survival in LC patients. Furthermore, our data indicated that TT genotype of 1846C&gt;T polymorphism was associated with a larger size of tumor and was related with lymphatic metastasis in LC patients. In conclusion, the present study suggests that CRP gene 1846C&gt;T polymorphism is associated with increased risk of LC. CRP gene 1846C&gt;T polymorphism may be a potential marker for the diagnosis of LC.
S-ethyl ethanethiosulfinate, a derivative of allicin, induces metacaspase-dependent apoptosis through ROS generation in Penicillium chrysogenum
Authors: Qi Feilong , Zhang Chen , Jiang Shanshan , Wang Qian , Kuerban Kudelaidi , Luo Man , Dong Mengxue , Zhou Xinguang , Wu Laiming , Jiang Biao , Ye Li 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Allicin can be used as fumigant to protect food and cultural relics from fungal contamination because of its strong antifungal activity and the characteristics of high volatility and no residues. However, the obvious disadvantages such as high minimal inhibitory concentration and instability prevent it from wide application. In this study, a stable derivative of allicin, S-ethyl ethanethiosulfinate (ALE), was synthesized. We further explored its antifungal activity and apoptosis-inducing effect, as well as the underlying mechanism. ALE had an excellent capability of inhibiting spore germination and mycelial growth of Penicillium chrysogenum observed by inverted microscope and scanning electron microscopy. XTT colorimetric assay indicated ALE could reduce the cell viability obviously and IC50 was 0.92 μg/ml, only 1/42 of allicin (38.68 μg/ml). DHR 123 ROS Assay Kit, flow cytometry assay and confocal immunofluorescence revealed intercellular ROS generation and metacaspase-dependent apoptosis triggered by ALE, while antioxidant tocopherol could reverse ALE-induced cytotoxicity effect and metacaspase activation. These results indicate that ALE induces metacaspase-dependent apoptosis through ROS generation, thus possesses an effective antifungal activity. This new derivative of allicin might be developed as a high efficient alternative to the conventional fungicides for food storage and cultural relic protection.
Replacement of floor structures in capital repair with the use of not extractable void formers
Authors: Afanasyev Grigoriy 
Published: May 2019

Urgency of the floor structures replacement is driven by the program of capital repair of the residential buildings adopted by the government and stipulates replacement of wood coverings by armored concrete floors that enable increase of stability, fire-resistance and cost effectiveness. Wood partitions and other elements of planning made of materials with low fire-resistance are also subject to replacement.
It has been shown that the use of void formers allows reducing consumption of concrete, reinforcement, reduces duration of building and energy consumption. Thereby the stability and fire-resistance increase of the buildings under renovation is achieved. Solving these tasks is the objective of the represented work.
It is worth noting that when renovating buildings the data about the use of not extractable void formers are absent. The technology development is an author’s initiative.
The goal of the investigations consists in analyzing the works of the domestic and foreign scientists that make it possible to assess effectiveness of the technology when erecting buildings of cast in-situ reinforced concrete with the use of void formers.
The submitted work has carried out the adaptation of the works performance technology in confined spaces of capital repair. Optimization of the void formers selection has been made, node points of the slabs’ resting on brick walls have been developed, the technology of dismantlement, form work, reinforcing, installation of void formers and concrete pouring has been developed.
The complex of the works provides for obtainment of floor structures with the lesser consumption of concrete and reinforcement..
Evaluation of the Memory Enhancing Activity of Dichloromethane Fraction of the Methanolic Extract of Pycnanthus angolensis Stem Bark on Experimental Models of Memory Impairment
Authors: Ekwutosi Patricia Chinwuba , Adewale Ganiyu Bakare , Benneth Ben-Azu , Ezekiel Olugbenga Iwalewa 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Pycnanthus angolensis (Welw) Warb., Myristicaceae, is used extensively in ethnomedicine. Numerous health benefits have been ascribed to the use of different parts of P. angolensis including its role in cognitive function and inflammatory conditions. Hence, this study was undertaken to investigate the effect of stem bark of the plant on memory function in mice.The plant material was pulverized into powder and extracted by maceration with 80% methanol at room temperature for 48 h. This was subsequently fractionated using N-hexane, Dichloromethane (DCM) and Ethyl acetate. The Dichloromethane fraction which is the most potent fraction (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) was evaluated for memory enhancing activity using the Y-maze (YMT), morris water maze (MWM) and the elevated plus maze (EPM) on D-galactose plus scopolamine and ketamine induced amnesia. The antioxidant markers and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibiting effect of DCM were also investigated.The results obtained from the behavioural study indicates that the DCM fraction significantly (p<0.05) increased alternation behaviour of mice in the YMT, decreased the escape latency in the MWM paradigm and decreased the transfer latency in the EPM. Biochemically, DCM increased glutathione, and superoxide dismutase, but decreased malondialdehyde and AChE activity in the brain.The findings therefore suggests that the DCM possesses significant memory enhancing activity, which may be due to enhancement of antioxidant activity and cholinergic transmission. The attenuation of the effect of ketamine by the DCM may possibly result from an increase in NMDA receptor mediated neurotransmission and attenuation of oxidative stress.
Die radikale Prostatektomie im Wandel der Zeit
Authors: Schrader Andres Jan , Müller Johannes , Janssen Martin , Krabbe Laura-Maria 
Published: May 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Durchführung der radikalen Prostatektomie hat sich in den letzten 200 Jahren deutlich verändert; gerade in den letzten 50 Jahren entwickelte sich die Technik deutlich weiter. Als Meilensteine dürfen zum einen die Arbeiten von Walsh in den späten 70er und frühen 80er Jahren angesehen werden, welche zu einer signifikanten Reduktion der Morbidität des Eingriffes führten, zum anderen die Einführung (Roboter-assistierter) minimal-invasiver Operationstechniken. Den absoluten Goldstandard bzgl. des Zuganges gibt es bis heute nicht. Innovative Ansätze, z. B. die Zuhilfenahme der sog. „augmented reality“ werden aktuell bzgl. ihres Potentials evaluiert. Dieser Übersichtsartikel in der Jubiläumsausgabe des Urologen beschäftigt sich mit den Meilensteinen der Entwicklung dieses für die Urologie wichtigen Eingriffs.
Characteristics of Contemporary Methodologies of Classic Homeopathy
Authors: Madsen Ruy 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn the early 21st century, the methodologies of Massimo Mangialavori, Rajan Sankaran and Jan Scholten stood in classic homeopathy. These authors criticise the traditional methods of case analysis and propose new instruments to the search for the most appropriate remedy. These contemporary methodologies present common points: the study of themes, classification in groups, interrelation of substance-remedy-patient and predictive character. These characteristics were already presented by other authors throughout the history of homeopathy, but they were only systematised as a practical instrument in the past decades.
Treatment of Urinary Stones with Constitutional Homoeopathic Medicines—Two Evidence-Based Case Reports
Authors: Sahoo Amulya Ratna , Hati Akshaya Kumar , Nayak Chintamani , Nayak Chaturbhuja 
Published: May 2019

Introduction Urolithiasis is a very common disease. Stones in any part of the urinary tract can produce symptoms and complication, but because the lower part of the ureter is the narrowest part of the urinary tract, stones get lodged easily producing pain and haematuria commonly. If we keep in mind the limitation and complication of the surgical procedure, homoeopathy can provide a real solution for such conditions. There are several ways of homeopathic prescription, such as based on keynotes, general symptoms, constitution, miasm, etc. Two cases of ureteric calculi are presented here, who were prescribed on the basis of constitutional symptoms and got good results.
Case Profile In the first case, the only symptom was pain in the right flank, and as per ultrasonography (USG) report, there was 7.4 mm calculus in the lower part of the right ureter. In the second case, there were symptoms like pain in the left flank, burning urination and haematuria. The USG report confirmed 6 mm stone in the left ureterovesical junction (UVJ). After detailed case taking, both the cases were prescribed on the basis of constitutional symptoms. Lycopodium in 50 millesimal potencies (0/1–0/4) in the first case and Phosphorus in centesimal potency (1M) in the second case provided prompt relief of the symptoms within a short period. USG reports of both the cases also confirmed no stones after approximately 2 months of treatment.
Conclusion Homeopathy provided good relief in two cases of ureteric calculi; constitutional medicines were found useful in combating acute ureteric colic and facilitating expulsion of stones. Because the constitutional symptoms matched, the polychrest homoeopathic medicines like Lycopodium and Phosphorus produced their best effect. But the inferences drawn from the two case reports may not be sufficient to reach a definitive conclusion. So clinical trials to establish the efficacy of constitutional remedies in the treatment of ureteric calculi are suggested.
Homoeopathic Treatment of Large Endometrial Polyp: A Case Report
Authors: Dutta Abhijit , Singh Subhas 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAn endometrial polyp is a mass arising from inner lining of the uterus. It may be pedunculated or sessile. A 27-year-old woman presented with severe menstrual and intermenstrual bleeding along with severe pain abdomen during menstruation. After relevant investigation, it was diagnosed as a case of large endometrial polyp. On the basis of presenting symptoms, the patient was treated with succession of remedies. After a considerable period of treatment, complete disappearance of the polyp was found. Rationale of this case report is to show better prognosis of a case of uterine polyp with homoeopathic intervention.
A Review of Homoeopathic Research in the Prevention and Treatment of Dengue Fever
Authors: Bawaskar Ramesh Supadu , Shinde Vaishali Haribhau 
Published: May 2019

Introduction Dengue ranks as the most important mosquito-borne viral disease in the world, with its incidence being increased 30-fold in the past 50 years. An epidemic of dengue/dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a major public health problem causing significant health and economic burden. The dengue crisis is further complicated by the lack of vaccines and antiviral drugs for prevention and control of this disease. This systematic review investigates and evaluates various studies done with homoeopathic therapy for the prevention and treatment of dengue fever.
Objective Evaluate the usefulness of homoeopathy for a prevention and treatment of dengue fever through literature review and to develop the strategy for future research.
Method A comprehensive search in electronic database aimed to target the available literature of observational studies, randomised trials, controlled trials, case studies on dengue fever in homoeopathy (excluding non–peer-reviewed journals) and limited to English language.
Result A literary search through various databases helped identify a few significant studies as one double-blind placebo-controlled trial, one comparative clinical study, one case study and two community-based studies.The community-based studies showed positive results for the role of homoeopathic medicines as a prophylactic medicine. The double-blind placebo-controlled trial showed no difference in outcome between the two groups. The comparative clinical study showed that the homoeopathic combination appeared to be a more potent treatment against dengue fever when compare with standard maintenance therapy. The case study shows favourable results, but the sample size is only of 10 cases.
Conclusion In future, high-quality randomised controlled trial (RCT), vitro and animal model studies are required to support the efficacy of homoeopathic therapeutics.