bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studi Pengaruh Dosis Dan Lama Penggunaan Terapi Aminoglikosida Terhadap Fungsi Ginjal
Authors: Purnasari Cahyani , Manggau Marianti A , Kasim Hasyim 
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh penggunaan aminoglikosida, yaitu streptomisin, gentamisin, dan kanamisin, terhadap fungsi ginjal pasien rawat inap di RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar dengan melihat parameter fungsi ginjal yaitu kadar kreatinin dan ureum serum pasien. Metode untuk penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional non eksperimen dengan rancangan deskriptif-analitik. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara retrospektif, dan didapatkan 32 orang sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi.Berdasarkan uji statistik One Way ANOVA kadar kreatinin dan ureum dari ketiga kelompok obat tersebut tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan nilai (Ur, p=0.133 > 0,05; Cr, p=0.246 > 0,05). Dalam penelitian ini terlihat bahwa pada dosis penggunaan sekali sehari pada streptomisin dan kanamisin tidak terjadi peningkatan kadar kreatinin pasien, sedangkan pada kelompok pasien gentamisin yang diterapi dengan dosis terbagi (tiap 12 jam) terjadi peningkatan kadar kreatinin. Untuk lama penggunaan terapi, pada streptomisin hanya kelompok streptomisin kategori D (penggunaan terapi >31 hari) dan semua kelompok terapi gentamisin yang menunjukkan peningkatan kreatinin. Hal ini tampaknya diakibatkan oleh sifat nefrotoksik dari aminoglikosida meningkat seiring dengan lama terapi dan penggunaan dosis terbagi. Selain itu gentamisin juga merupakan jenis aminoglikosida yang lebih toksik dibandingkan dengan streptomisin dan kanamisin karena memiliki sifat kationik yang lebih tinggi.Kata kunci : Aminoglikosida, streptomisin, gentamisin, kanamisin, kadar kreatinin, kadar ureum, fungsi ginjal.
The Laxity of the Native Knee
Authors: Ferle Manuel , Guo Ruipeng , Hurschler Christof 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Although soft-tissue balancing plays an important role in knee arthroplasty, we are aware of no objective target parameters describing the soft-tissue tension of the native knee. In the present study, we aimed to meta-analyze data from studies investigating native knee laxity to create a guide for creating a naturally balanced knee joint.

Methods:
PubMed and Web of Science were searched for studies with laxity data published from 1996 through 2016. Graphs were digitally segmented in cases in which numerical data were not available in text or table form. Three-level random-effects meta-analyses were conducted.

Results:
Seventy-six studies evaluating knee laxity at various flexion angles (0° to 90°) were included. Knee laxity was significantly different between 0° and 90° of flexion (p < 0.001) in all 6 testing directions, with mean differences of 0.94 mm and −0.35 mm for anterior and posterior translation, 1.61° and 4.25° for varus and valgus rotation, and 1.62° and 6.42° for internal and external rotation, respectively.

Conclusions:
Knee laxity was dependent on the flexion angle of the knee joint in all degrees of freedom investigated. Furthermore, asymmetry between anterior-posterior, varus-valgus, and internal-external rotation was substantial and depended on the joint flexion angle.

Clinical Relevance:
If the goal of knee arthroplasty is to restore the kinematics of the knee as well as possible, pooled laxity data of the intact soft tissue envelope could be useful as a general guide for soft-tissue balancing in total knee arthroplasty.
Congenital Pseudarthrosis of the Tibia
Authors: Singer Dustin , Johnston Charles E. 
Published: June 2019

Background:
This study assessed the outcomes, at skeletal maturity, for 34 patients in whom congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) had been treated with intramedullary (IM) rod fixation.

Methods:
The results in skeletally mature patients in whom type-4 CPT had been treated with an IM rod at an average of 11.9 years earlier were reviewed. The rod procedures varied according to whether both the tibia and the fibula were resected and both bones (type A) or just the tibia (type B) were fixed with an IM rod or whether only the tibia was resected and the fibula received no surgery (type C). Outcome grading ranged from unequivocal union with brace-free function (grade 1) to a functional limb with residual angulation or cortical defects (grade 2) to a severely impaired extremity with insufficient union or refracture (grade 3).

Results:
Thirty-four patients were evaluated at a mean age of 16.9 years, a mean of 11.9 years after their initial surgical procedure. Seventeen patients had a grade-1 result; 11 patients, grade 2; and 6, grade 3. Thus, 82% (28) of the 34 patients had a functional extremity at maturity. All patients with a final grade-3 outcome eventually requested amputation. The final outcomes were not affected by the age at the initial fracture or surgery, the presence of neurofibromatosis-1, or cross-ankle fixation. A total of 58 IM rod procedures were performed in the 34 patients. Twenty-four (73%) of the 33 type-A procedures produced grade-1 or 2 outcomes, as did 14 (88%) of the 16 type-B procedures. Of the 9 type-C procedures, none produced a grade-1 result and 4 produced a grade-2 outcome. The results of types A and B combined were superior to those of type-C procedures (p = 0.03). Refracture occurred in 13 of 33 patients with initial stability/union after rod fixation, with 3 of those fractures remaining ununited at the latest follow-up. A dystrophic fibula had no effect on the eventual achievement of a grade-1 or 2 outcome.

Conclusions:
This review, in which all patients had reached skeletal maturity, documents functional (grade-1 or 2) outcomes in 82% of cases of IM rod fixation for CPT. This finding was almost identical to the result in our earlier report and confirms the long-term value of permanent IM rod fixation in maintaining union and function in patients with CPT. Procedures not addressing the fibula produced inferior results. Although 13 patients had a refracture following initial union, only 3 of these fractures failed to heal with additional treatment.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Neonatal Cord Care Practices among Mothers and Caregivers in the Volta Region of Ghana
Authors: Opoku Asiedu Sybil S. , Ansah Apatu Nana Abena , Tetteh Rosemond , Hodgson Abraham 
Published: June 2019

Background: The umbilical cord is a major route of infection among newborns. In Ghana, infections among neonates accounts for majority of under-five deaths. This study sought to investigate what mothers apply to the umbilical cord of their newborns and what motivates them to put such applications on the cord.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of neonatal cord care practices among mothers and caregivers in the Nkwanta South District of the Volta region of Ghana. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used.
Results: Majority of the mothers/caregivers used substances that have not been recommended for umbilical cord dressing (64.3%). Factors such as level of education [?2=8.2, p=0.02], place of delivery [?2 = 40.1, p<0.001], relationship with whoever has made a recommendation for a particular dressing to be used [?2=95.2, p<0.001] and number of days it takes the umbilical cord to fall off [?2=6.2, p=0.05] were found to influence the type of dressing used on the umbilical cord.
Conclusion and Global Health Implications: In order to reduce the number of neonates who die due to avoidable cord-related infections, the type of substances used on the umbilical cord should be approved substances. Health education particularly on neonatal cord care targeting community members and health care providers at the lower levels of the healthcare delivery system should be intensified.
Key words: • Umbilical cord • Neonates • Newborns • Rural • Dressing • Infections • Ghana

Copyright © 2019 Asiedu et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Effectiveness of message framing to improve oral health behaviors and dental plaque among pregnant women
Authors: Divdar Masoumeh , Araban Marzieh , Heidarabadi Akbar Babaei , Cheraghian Bahman 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background

Oral health is taken into account as an important factor in determining individuals’ quality of life. In this respect, pregnancy can have its own significant effects on oral health. Therefore, health messages can play an important role in motivating people to improve their health-related behaviors. Accordingly, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of message framing on oral health-related behaviors as well as dental plaque among pregnant women.

Methods

This quasi-experimental study was conducted on a total number of 108 pregnant women in the city of Izeh, Iran in 2017. To this end, the participants were randomly divided into three groups; gain-framed, loss-framed and control group. The research instrument included a demographic characteristics questionnaire along with the constructs of knowledge, attitude, behavioral intention, self-efficacy, performance, and dental plaque index derived from previous studies. Moreover, gain- and loss-framed messages were sent to the intervention groups via cell phones but the control group did not receive any messages in this regard. The participants’ dental plaque was also examined within two steps by a dentist. The significance level of the tests was considered by p<0.05.

Results

The results revealed that the mean scores of knowledge, attitude, behavioral intention, and self-efficacy had significantly increased in the gain- and loss-framed intervention groups (p<0.001) as compared to control group; but no significant difference was observed in the control group (knowledge, p=0.135; attitude, p= 0.166; behavioral intention, p=0.2; self-efficacy, p=0.37). The rising trend in the mean score of the behaviors in the intervention groups was significantly higher than that in the control group (p<0.001). The percentage of dental plaque in the gain- and loss-framed intervention groups also showed a significant decrease compared with that in the control group (p<0.001).

Conclusion

The results revealed message framing could improve knowledge, attitude, behavioral intention, self-efficacy, and dental plaque among pregnant women. Also, the gain-framed oral health messages could more improve the study variables, although such a difference was not significant.
Immunological relationship between autoimmune liver disease and autoimmune thyroid disease:a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zeng Qingmin , Gao Min , Wang Chunyan , Han Xu , Chen Chen , Zhao Lili , Tu Chunhua , Han Ping , Li Jia 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background: High prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) in patients with autoimmune liver disease (AILD) has been observed. Data on the clinical relationship between AILD and AILD remain scanty. We aimed to evaluate the immunological relationship between AILD and AITD.
Results: 324 patients with AILD were enrolled, 113 out of 324 patients were concurrent AITD (34.9%). Patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) were more likely to develop AITD (45.8%), followed by autoimmune hepatitis-primary biliary cholangitis overlap syndrome (AIH-PBC OS) (39.5%) and PBC (22.6%). AILD patients with concurrent AITD showed higher levels of IgG (21.5 g/L vs 16.3 g/L, P<0.0001) and gamma globulin (γ-globulin)(27.1% vs 21.9%, P<0.0001), and IgG were positively correlated with thyroid antibodies [thymoglobulinantibody (TGAb), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb)] (r=0.396, 0.322; P<0.0001, P=0.002, respectively). The frequency of TPOAb positivity was highest in PBC patients with concurrent AITD (83.9%). The AIH concomitant with AITD had a higher nuclear homogenizing antinuclear antibody (ANA) positivity compared with the AIH alone (P=0.019). PBC patients with concurrent AITD were significantly older than the PBC patients without AITD (P=0.0004). Thyroid dysfunction in AILD patients with concurrent AITD was principally characterized by Hashimoto's thyroiditis (65.5%) and diffuse lesions were mainly indicated in thyroid ultrasound (53.1%).
Conclusions: The high incidence of AILD concomitant with AITD, as well as the higher levels of serum IgG and γ-globulin, and the strong correlation between thyroid antibody and IgG, suggesting that we should strengthen the screening of autoimmune thyroid disease when diagnosing and treating autoimmune liver disease.
Surgical treatment and operation time in HIV-negative cryptococcal meningitis
Authors: Zhao Xiang , Zhao Jie , Yang Shaobo , Li Wenyang , Liu Ying , Miao Shuying 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background: There are still no unified guidelines of surgical treatment and timing for HIV-negative patients with cryptococcal meningitis (CM). Methods: The clinical data and follow-up data were collected from HIV-negative CM patients in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2009 to November 2018, and 42 patients who were treated with surgical intervention were enrolled in the present study. These 42 patients were divided into ventriculoatrial (VA) group, ventriculoperitoneal (VP) group, external ventricle drainage (EVD) group, hydrocephalus (HYC) group, non-HYC group, EVD group and non-EVD group (VA/VP) according to different surgical procedures. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS (version 19.0, Chicago, IL, USA). Results: Signs of headache, fever and loss of consciousness in the VA group were significantly improved compared with the EVD group at 1 week after operation (P<0.05). The mortality rate of the VA group was significantly lower than that of the EVD group (P<0.05). Moreover, male patients were more prone to have HYC (P<0.05). Younger patients tended to develop HYC (P<0.05). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sugar in the non-HYC group was significantly lower compared with the HYC group (P<0.05). Time of CM-to-operation in the non-HYC group was markedly shorter compared with the HYC group (P<0.01). Conclusions: VA procedure could be one of the first choices for the treatment of uncontrollable intracranial hypertension caused by CM. Severe uncontrollable headache, loss of consciousness and cerebral hernia were indications of emergency surgery. Repeated headache, hearing impairment, and especially progressive loss of vision were indications of early surgery to avoid permanent damage to nerve functions of HIV-negative CM patients.
Heteroscedastic and symmetric efficiency for hydrological model evaluation criteria
Authors: Zhan Chesheng , Han Jian , Zou Lei , Sun Fubao , Wang Tiejun 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Evaluation criteria play a key role in assessing the performances of hydrological models. Most previous criteria are based on the standard least square method, which assumes model residuals to be homoscedastic and is, therefore, not suitable for assessing cases with heteroscedastic residuals. Here, we compared a heteroscedastic and symmetric efficiency (HSE) criterion with the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and the heteroscedastic maximum-likelihood estimator (HMLE) by running a monthly water balance model with four parameters (i.e., the abcd model) in 138 basins located in the continental United States derived from the Model Parameter Estimation Experiment dataset. The results show that compared to the NSE, the HSE and HMLE are both more effective for stabilizing variance and producing more uniform performances with flow magnitude, and the latter is slightly more effective than the former on stabilizing the residual heteroscedasticity, with the aid of an additional parameter.
Synthesis of magnetic biochar derived from cotton stalks for the removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution
Authors: Ma Fengfeng , Zhao Baowei , Diao Jingru 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A magnetic cotton stalk biochar (MCSBC) was synthesized through chemical co-precipitation, based on cotton stalk biochar (CSBC). The MCSBC and CSBC were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometry. The characterization analyses showed that the magnetization process endowed the CSBC with excellent magnetic properties with a superparamagnetic magnetization of 27.59 emu/g. Batch adsorption experiment results indicated that the Cr(VI) maximum adsorption capacity of MCSBC was 20.05 mg/g, which was higher than that of CSBC (18.77 mg/g). The adsorption kinetic data were well fitted by the pseudo-second-order model and the adsorption isotherms were well represented by the Sips isotherm model. The thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic, and the entropy increased. The potential adsorption mechanism was the electrostatic adsorption of anionic Cr(VI) to the positively charged MCSBC surface, the reduction of Cr(VI) into Cr(III) and the complexation of Cr(III) by oxygen-containing functional groups of MCSBC. The regeneration studies showed that MCSBC kept 80% of its initial Cr(VI) adsorption capacity in the cycle. All the findings suggest that this novel magnetic biochar could be used in the field of Cr(VI)-containing wastewater treatment.
Performance of a newly enriched bacterial consortium for degrading and detoxifying azo dyes
Authors: Guo Guang , Tian Fang , Zhang Can , Liu Tingfeng , Yang Feng , Hu Zhixin , Liu Chong , Wang Shiwei , Ding Keqiang 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
To obtain a bacterial consortium that can degrade azo dyes effectively, a bacterial consortium was enriched that can degrade Metanil yellow effectively. After 6 h, 96.25% Metanil yellow was degraded under static conditions by the bacterial consortium, which was mainly composed of Pseudomonas, Lysinibacillus, Lactococcus, and Dysgonomonas. In particular, Pseudomonas played a main role in the decolorization process. Co-substrate increased the decolorization rate, and yeast powder, peptone, and urea demonstrated excellent effects. The optimal pH value and salinity for the decolorization of azo dyes is 4–7 and 1% salinity respectively. The bacterial consortium can directly degrade many azo dyes, such as direct fast black G and acid brilliant scarlet GR. Azo reductase activity, laccase activity, and lignin peroxidase activity were estimated as the key reductase for decolorization, and Metanil yellow can be degraded into less toxic degradation products through synergistic effects. The degradation pathway of Metanil yellow was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, which demonstrated that Metanil yellow was cleaved at the azo bond, producing p-aminodiphenylamine and diphenylamine. These findings improved our knowledge of azo-dye-decolorizing microbial resources and provided efficient candidates for the treatment of dye-polluted wastewaters.
New Strategy on Antimicrobial-resistance: Inhibitors of DNA Replication Enzymes
Authors: Yi Lanhua , Lü Xin 
Published: June 2019

Background:Antimicrobial resistance is found in all microorganisms and has become one of the biggest threats to global health. New antimicrobials with different action mechanisms are effective weapons to fight against antibiotic-resistance.Objective:This review aims to find potential drugs which can be further developed into clinic practice and provide clues for developing more effective antimicrobials.Methods:DNA replication universally exists in all living organisms and is a complicated process in which multiple enzymes are involved in. Enzymes in bacterial DNA replication of initiation and elongation phases bring abundant targets for antimicrobial development as they are conserved and indispensable. In this review, enzyme inhibitors of DNA helicase, DNA primase, topoisomerases, DNA polymerase and DNA ligase were discussed. Special attentions were paid to structures, activities and action modes of these enzyme inhibitors.Results:Among these enzymes, type II topoisomerase is the most validated target with abundant inhibitors. For type II topoisomerase inhibitors (excluding quinolones), NBTIs and benzimidazole urea derivatives are the most promising inhibitors because of their good antimicrobial activity and physicochemical properties. Simultaneously, DNA gyrase targeted drugs are particularly attractive in the treatment of tuberculosis as DNA gyrase is the sole type II topoisomerase in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Relatively, exploitation of antimicrobial inhibitors of the other DNA replication enzymes are primeval, in which inhibitors of topo III are even blank so far.Conclusion:This review demonstrates that inhibitors of DNA replication enzymes are abundant, diverse and promising, many of which can be developed into antimicrobials to deal with antibioticresistance.
Android Device to Device Messaging using Google Cloud Messaging (GCM)
Authors: Dubey Varsha 
Published: June 2019

Android is an operating system for smartphones, tablets and now will be used for Personal Computers also. It includes a touch screen user interface, widgets, camera, network data monitoring and all the other features that enable a cell phone to be called a smartphone. Basically, Multi-Purpose chat application allows users to send asynchronous messages, and enable sharing image files with other peers on the JXTA world using JXME. Instant messaging has become so ubiquitous, an entire generation of internet users is probably unaware there was ever life without it. The use of instant messaging nowadays is more than the calling function itself. The main objective of this paper is to introduce a methodology to provide instant Messaging Service over the Google Cloud Messaging which is addressed to android based smartphone and tablet users connected over intranet via Wi-Fi. The proposed method is based on sending/receiving messages in intranet through intranet server via Wi-Fi connection without the need of taking any service from mobile service provider .
Modern Approaches to Building Recommender Systems for Online Stores
Authors: Onokoy Lyudmila , Lavendels Jurijs 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The article presents current approaches to solving the problem of building recommender systems designed to intellectualize the user interface of online stores. Much attention is paid to modern methods of building recommender systems, analysing their strengths and weaknesses. Of greatest interest are the criteria for selecting effective methods for specific online stores and the authors’ concept of a typical recommender system of electronic commerce.
Placement of Data Array Replicas in a Distributed System With Unreliable Communication Channels
Authors: Kulba Vladimir , Somov Sergey , Merkuryev Yuri 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The paper proposes an approach to solving the problem of optimal placement of data array replicas in a distributed system. It presents a formal model of a distributed system with unreliable communication channels. A system is represented as a graph with coloured arcs. The formulation of the problem of finding the optimal placement of replicas is given. As a criterion for optimization, the minimum response time to a data request is considered. The task solution heuristic algorithm is also proposed in the paper.
Definition of the Criteria for Layout of the UML Use Case Diagrams
Authors: Filipova Olga , Nikiforova Oksana 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Nowadays, the topicality and applicability of model-driven development in the object-oriented development approach has increased, so it is important that created models and diagrams display not only the content, but also visually reflect information. Transparent diagram placement that influences work productivity is important for displaying information. Manual layout of diagrams is a time-consuming activity, which can also be ineffective, so in this paper the application of UML use case automatic layout is reviewed. The paper also examines the requirements of use case diagrams and placement criteria, which will serve as a basis for the creation of an automatic use case diagram layout algorithm.