bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Prognostic Significance of Different Bleeding Classifications in Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Xi Ziwei Xi , Gao Yanan , Yan Zhenxian , Zhou Yujie , Liu Wei 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Perioperative bleeding during cardiac surgery are known to make patients susceptible to adverse outcomes and several bleeding classifications have been developed. Further validation of different classifications was needed.

Objectives: The aim of present study was to validate and explore the prognostic value of different bleeding classifications in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB).

Methods: Data on baseline and operative characteristics of 3,988 patients who underwent OPCAB in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from February 2010 to December 2014 were available. The primary endpoint was composite of in-hospital death and postoperative myocardial infarction (MI). The secondary endpoint was postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI). We explored the association of major bleeding defined by the European registry of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (E-CABG), Universal Definition of Perioperative Bleeding (UDPB), Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) classification and Study of Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes (PLATO) with primary endpoints by using multivariable logistic regression analysis and investigated their significance of adverse event prediction using goodness-of-fit tests of -2 log likelihood.

Results: Baseline characteristics of 3,988 consecutive patients were summarized in Table 1. In-hospital mortality was 1.23% (n=49) and postoperative MI was observed in 5.01% (n=200) of patients, AKI in 24.69% (n=985). The incidence of the primary outcome was 5.99% (n=239). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that BARC type 4 (OR=2.64, 95% CI: 1.66–4.19, P<0.001), UDPB class 4 (OR=3.52, 95% CI: 2.05–6.02, P<0.001) and E-CABG class 2-3 (class 2: OR=2.24, 95% CI: 1.36–3.70, P=0.001; class 3: OR=12.65, 95% CI: 2.74–18.43, P=0.002) bleeding but not PLATO bleeding were associated with an increased risk of in-hospital death and postoperative MI. Major bleeding defined by all the four classifications mentioned above was an independent risk factor of AKI after surgery. Inclusion of major bleeding defined by these four classifications improved the predictive performance of the multivariable model with baseline characteristics.

Conclusions: Bleeding assessed by BARC, E-CABG and UDPB classifications were significantly associated with poorer immediate outcomes. These classifications seemed to be valuable tool in the assessment of prognostic effect of perioperative bleeding.
RISK FACTORS FOR MORTALITY AND TREATMENT OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS WITH CEFTRIAXONE RESISTANT E. COLI BACTEREMIA RECEIVING CARBAPENEM VERSUS BETA LACTAM/BETA LACTAMASE INHIBITOR THERAPY
Authors: Nasir Nosheen , Ahmed Sara , Razi Samrah , Awan Safia , Mahmood Faisal 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background:
Extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae predominantly E. coli and K. pneumonia bacteremia have limited treatment options and high mortality.
Objective:
To determine the risk factors for in-hospital mortality particularly treatment with Carbapenem versus Beta lactam/beta lactamase combination (BL/BLI) in patients with Ceftriaxone resistant E. coli bacteremia.
Methods:
A retrospective descriptive study was conducted at the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. Adult patients with monomicrobial Ceftriaxone resistant E. coli bacteremia were enrolled. Factors associated with mortality in patients were determined using logistic regression analysis.
Results:
Mortality rate was 37% in those empirically treated with carbapenem compared to 20% treated with BL/BLI combination therapy (p-value: 0.012) and was 21% in those treated with a carbapenem compared to 13% in patients definitively treated with BL/BLI combination therapy (p-value: 0.152). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, only Pitt bacteremia score of ≥ four was significantly associated with mortality (OR: 7.7 CI: 2.6-22.8) while a urinary source of bacteremia was protective (OR: 0.26 CI: 0.11-0.58).
Conclusions:
In-hospital mortality in patients with Ceftriaxone resistant E. coli bacteremia did not differ in patients treated with either a carbapenem or BL/BLI combination. However, Pitt bacteremia score of ≥ 4 was strongly associated with mortality.
Comparison of GeneXpert and Line Probe Assay for Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Rifampicin-Mono resistance at the National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Kenya
Authors: Aricha S.A. , King'wara Leonard , Mwirigi N.W. , Chaba Linda , Kiptai T. , Wahogo J. , Otwabe J.S , Onyango P.O. , Karanja Muthoni , Ayieko C. , Matu S.W. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background:
The dual challenge of low diagnostic sensitivity of microscopy test and technical challenge of performing a TB culture test poses a problem for case detection and initiation of Tuberculosis (TB) second-line treatment. There is thus need for a rapid, reliable and easily accessible assay. This comparative analysis was performed to assess diagnostic performance characteristics of GeneXpert MTB/RIF and Line Probe Assay (LPA)
Methods:
329 sputum samples of patients across the 47 counties in Kenya suspected to have drug resistant TB were picked and subjected to GeneXpert, LPA and Culture MGIT at the National TB Reference Laboratory. Sensitivity, specificity and predictive values were then determined to assess the performance characteristics of the various assays.
Results:
Against culture MGIT as the gold standard for TB diagnosis, GeneXpert had a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 78.5%, 64.9%, 59.4 % and 82.2% respectively while LPA had 98.4%, 66.0 %, 65.4% and 98.4%. For diagnosis of rifampicin mono-resistance GeneXpert had a moderate agreement (Kappa=0.59, P<0.01) (sensitivity= 62.50%, specificity = 96.50 %) while LPA that had almost perfect agreement (Kappa= 0.89, p<0.01) with a (sensitivity= 90.0% and specificity= 99.1%).
Conclusion:
LPA has a better performance characteristic to GeneXpert and an alternative to culture with regards to detection of RIF’s mono-resistance.
Keywords:
LPA, GeneXpert, Sensitivity, Specificity, Drug-resistant TB
Weight Loss Trajectories After Bariatric Surgery for Obesity: Mathematical Model and Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Dimeglio Chloe , Becouarn Guillaume , Topart Philippe , Bodin Rodolphe , Buisson Jean Christophe , Ritz Patrick 
Published: August 2019

Background
Obesity surgery has proven its effectiveness in weight loss. However, after a loss phase of about 12 to 18 months, between 20% and 40% of patients regain weight. Prediction of weight evolution is therefore useful for early detection of weight regain.

Objective
This proof-of-concept study aimed to analyze the postoperative weight trajectories and to identify “curve families” for early prediction of weight regain.

Methods
This was a monocentric retrospective study with calculation of the weight trajectory of patients having undergone gastric bypass surgery. Data on 795 patients after a 2-year follow-up allowed modeling of weight trajectories according to a hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) tending to minimize the intragroup distance according to Ward. Clinical judgement was used to finalize the identification of clinically relevant representative trajectories. This modeling was validated on a group of 381 patients for whom the observed weight at 18 months was compared to the predicted weight.

Results
Two successive HCA produced 14 representative trajectories, distributed among 4 clinically relevant families: Of the 14 weight trajectories, 6 decreased systematically over time or decreased and then stagnated; 4 decreased, increased, and then decreased again; 2 decreased and then increased; and 2 stagnated at first and then began to decrease. A comparison of observed weight and that estimated by modeling made it possible to correctly classify 98% of persons with excess weight loss (EWL) >50% and more than 58% of persons with EWL between 25% and 50%. In the category of persons with EWL >50%, weight data over the first 6 months were adequate to correctly predict the observed result.

Conclusions
This modeling allowed correct classification of persons with EWL >50% and could identify early after surgery the patients with potentially less that optimal weight loss. Further studies are needed to validate this model in other populations, with other types of surgery, and with other medical-surgical teams.
Importancia de los mamíferos silvestres en la dieta de los pobladores de la Península de Osa, Costa Rica.
Authors: Altrichter Mariana 
Published: August 2019

Resumen: Estimé la importancia que la carne de mamíferos silvestres tiene en la dieta de pobladores de la Península de Osa, cercanos al Parque Nacional Corcovado. Visité 16 pueblos y la Comunidad Indígena Guaymí e hice entrevistas a un 55 % de las familias. La carne de monte se consume en quinto lugar, siendo el tepezcuintle Agouti paca el mamífero silvestre más consumido, seguido por el chancho cariblanco Tayassu pecari y el saíno T. tajacu (H=128, p<0.01). El tepezcuintle se consume en promedio 3 veces por año por familia y el chancho una vez cada 3 años (U = 128.5, p< 0.01). Se consume significativamente más chanchos en los pueblos que limitan con el parque, mientras que el consumo de saíno aumenta con la distancia al parque. La cacería de chanchos está concentrada en dos momentos del año, mientras que los tepezcuintles y los saínos son cazados durante todo el año. La carne de monte no es la principal fuente de proteínas en esta región. La cacería de mamíferos es altamente selectiva y responde más al sabor de la carne que a una necesidad económica. La cantidad de chanchos cazados es baja, sin embargo, los chanchos que son cazados provienen del Parque Nacional Corcovado, por lo que toda la población es susceptible al efecto de la cacería. Se debería intensificar el control de la misma en los pueblos más cercanos al PNC, especialmente durante el final de la época húmeda (octubre a diciembre).Abstract: I evaluated the importance of wild mammals’ meat in the diet of villagers of the Osa Peninsula, near to Corcovado National Park. I visited 16 towns and the Guaymí Indian Reserve. I interviewed 55 % of the families of the area. Among all the consumed meats, the wild meat takes a fifth place. The agouti Agouti paca is the wild mammal more consumed, followed by the white-lipped Tayassu pecari and the collared peccary T. tajacu (H=128, p<0.01). The agouti is consumed on average three 3 times per year per family and the white-lipped peccary once every year (U = 128.5, p< 0.01). The consumption of white-lipped peccaries is significantly higher in communities closer to the park, while the consumption of collared peccaries is higher in communities distant to the park. The hunt of white-lipped peccaries occurs twice in the year, while agoutis and collared peccaries are hunted throughout the year. The wild meat is not the main source of protein in this region. People are very selective to consume wild meat. The consumption of wild meat is rather related to flavor that to economic need. The amount of white-lipped peccaries hunted by the peninsula residents is low. However, white-lipped peccaries that are actually hunted came from the Park, thus, the whole population is vulnerable. The control of hunting should increase in the closer towns to the park and specially at the end of the wet season (from October to December).Palabras clave: Cacería, carne de monte, Costa Rica, mamíferos, Península de Osa, subsistencia, Tayassu pecari.
Área de actividad de Heteromys gaumeri en una selva mediana subcaducifolia de Yucatán
Authors: Pool José Adrián Cimé , Betancourt Silvia F. Hernández , Peralta Salvador Medina 
Published: August 2019

Resumen. Se estudió el área de actividad (AA) de Heteromys gaumeri en una selva mediana subcaducifolia en el Rancho Hobonil, Tzucacab al sur del estado de Yucatán, México. Se trabajó con el 30 % (n = 78) de la población total (n = 270); 53 % fueron hembras y 47 %, machos. Las hembras permanecieron en el área de estudio en promedio 7.6 meses y los machos 6.6 meses. La permanencia entre sexos no mostró diferencias significativas (p > 0.05). Los machos presentaron mayor AA promedio (555 m2) que las hembras (465 m2). El AA de individuos reproductivos (540 m2) y no reproductivos (439 m2) fue similar para ambos sexos (p > 0.05). No se observó una correlación entre el AA y el peso corporal en ninguno de los sexos (p > 0.05 para ambos sexos). La distancia máxima recorrida (DMR) no fue influenciada por la interacción de los factores sexo y época (p > 0.05). El AA de los machos mostró un promedio de 86 % de sobreposición y las hembras de 75 %; sin embargo, no fue significativa (p > 0.05). El tamaño y la alta sobreposición del AA y la distribución de las hembras, sugiere que esta especie es polígama y su sistema de pareja promiscuo, con un alto grado de tolerancia social intra e intersexual.Palabras clave: Área de actividad, Heteromys gaumeri, Rodentia, selva mediana subcaducifolia, Yucatán.Abstract. The home range (HR) of Heteromys gaumeri was studied in a subdeciduous tropical rainforest located at Rancho Hobonil, Tzucacab, Yucatan, Mexico. Thirty percent (n = 78) of the total population (n = 270) were residents, being 53 % females and 47 % males. The mean was 7.6 months for females, and 6.6 months for males. Average HR was 555 m2 for males and 465 m2 for females. Nevertheless, males and females did not differ significantly in the size of their HR (p > 0.05). The reproductive condition of individuals did not influence their HR and movement patterns. For both sexes, reproductive individuals showed the same HR than non-reproductive individuals (p > 0.05). HR was not correlated with individual weight of males and females in this population (p > 0.05). Neither season (dry and wet) nor sex (male and female) influenced maximum distance moved (MDM) (p > 0.05). Males and females had HR that overlapped the HR of multiple females and males intrasexually (p > 0.05). Based on HR size, high degree of HR overlap and female distribution, we concluded that mating system of H. gaumeri in rainforest of Yucatan is probably promiscous with a high degree of intra and intersexual tolerance.Key words: Activity area, Heteromys gumeri, Rodentia, medium deciduous forest, Yucatán.
COMPOSICIÓN DE LA FAUNA MASTOZOOLÓGICA DE LA PRESA CAJÓN DE PEÑA, TOMATLÁN, JALISCO
Authors: Reyes Jorge Ortega 
Published: August 2019

Resumen.
Se presenta una lista de los mamíferos de la presa Cajón de Peña, Jalisco, que es uno de los últimos remanentes de selva extensa en la costa de Jalisco. Se utilizaron trampas Sherman, Tomahawk, redes y observaciones directas mensualmente durante dos años. Se encontró que la mastofauna esta compuesta por 42 especies, pertenecientes a 16 familias y 6 ordenes. Los ordenes más representativos fueron Chiroptera y Rodentia. La mayoría de los mamíferos tienen afinidad Neotropical y cinco especies son consideradas como endémicas para México. Doce especies están dentro de una categoría de riesgo de acuerdo con alguna de las tres organizaciones revisadas. Los índices de similitud muestran que las estaciones de muestreo se agrupan de acuerdo a la riqueza de especies, mientras que en general la mastofauna de la presa Cajón de Peña se asemeja a la fauna reportada para la Estación de Biología Chamela.
Palabras clave:Cajón de Peña, Chiroptera, Mamíferos, México, Rodentia.
Abstract.
The goal of this study was to assess the mammalian richness of the dam Cajón de Peña in Jalisco. Sherman traps, Tomahawk, mist nets and direct counts were used monthly during two years. Mammalian fauna is composed by 42 species, 16 families and 6 orders. Chiroptera and Rodentia were the most representative orders in the area. Most of the species have Neotropical affinities, and five are considered endemic to the Mexico. Twelve species have legal protection according with three organizations. Equivalence indexes showed a similarity among the different sampled areas, in overall the fauna of Cajón de Peña presented a mammalian resemblance with the Biological Station of Chamela.
La video-filmación como técnica de estudio de mamíferos silvestres: un ejemplo de jaguares en el noreste de la Península de Yucatán.
Authors: Faller-Menéndez Juan Carlos , Lago-Torres Luis A. , Hernández-Cardona Alfonsina , Calleja-Alvarado Mederic , González Gerardo Ceballos , Tovar Cuauhtémoc Chávez , Johnson Stacey 
Published: August 2019

Resumen: En noviembre de 2006 se utilizó un prototipo de cámara de video, en la reserva privada El Zapotal, en la porción noreste de la Península de Yucatán, y obtuvimos la filmación de una pareja de jaguares en actitud de apareamiento. Esta filmación representa una de las primeras experiencias de su tipo, y ha proporcionado información única sobre comportamiento y fecha de apareamiento de jaguares libres, que es consistente con algunos resultados de investigaciones de amplio espectro y largo plazo sobre poblaciones de esta especie en Sudamérica. Palabras clave: Apareamiento, Panthera onca, videofilmación, Yucatán Abstract: In november 2006, using a prototype of video camera, we obtained the shooting of a pair of jaguars in mating attitude. This was done in the El Zapotal private reserve, in the northeastern portion of the Yucatan Peninsula, and represents one of the first experiences of its type, also providing unique information about the mating behavior and the date of occurrence. The latter is consistent with some results derived from wide spectrum, long term studies about jaguar populations in South America. Key words: Mating, Panthera onca, videoshooting, Yucatan
Nuevo registro de <i>Balaenoptera musculus</i> Linnaeus, 1758 (Mysticeti: Balaenopteridae) para la costa de Oaxaca, México.
Authors: Torres Ivan Lira 
Published: August 2019

Abstract: Oaxaca is one of the most biodiversity regions in México harboring a high number of mammals species. In spite of the large number of mammal inventories conducted in this State, there are still many unexplored areas. We collected a specimen of the Balaenoptera musculus outside of its known distribution range. This new record pinpoints the need for continuing conducting biological inventories in regions holding a high biodiversity. Key words: Balaenoptera musculus, record, Oaxaca, México. Palabras claves: Balaenoptera musculus, nuevo registro, Oaxaca, México.
Registro del tlacuachin (<i>Tlacuatzin canescens</i>) en el área de conservación El Zapotal, en el noreste del estado de Yucatán.
Authors: Hernández-Cardona Alfonsina , Lago-Torres Luis A. , Ibarra-González León , Faller-Menéndez Juan Carlos , Pereyra-Arellano Yareli 
Published: August 2019

Abstract: This work represents the first register of Tlacuatzin canescens in the Conservation Area of El Zapotal, in the Northeastern part of the Yucatan Peninsula. The relevance of this article stands in the fact that it gives elements to extend the map of distribution of this monotypical genus (endemic to Mexico) more than 100 km to the East. Key words: El Zapotal, tlacuachín, Tlacuatzin canescens, Yucatán. Palabras clave: El Zapotal, tlacuachín, Tlacuatzin canescens, Yucatán.
Parásitos y enfermedades del venado bura (Odocoileus hemionus fuliginatus) en la parte norte de la sierra San Pedro Mártir, Baja California, México.
Authors: Contreras Joaquín , Mellink Eric , Martínez R. , Medina G. 
Published: August 2019

Resumen: Durante los años 2001, 2002 y 2003 colectamos muestras de ectoparásitos, tejido sanguíneo y excretas de venados cobrados por cazadores en el norte de la sierra San Pedro Mártir, Baja California. Se colectaron ectoparásitos de 15 venados, lográndose identificar a Ixodes scapularis, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Dermacentor occidentalis, Dermacentor variabilis, Dermacentor albipictus, Lipoptena sp, Hypoderma lineatum, Linognathus vituli y una larva de especie no identificada de la familia Oestridae. No se detectaron evidencias de nemátodos endoparásitos. Se analizaron los sueros de 12 venados para detectar anticuerpos contra el virus de la enfermedad de lengua azul, anaplasmosis y brucelosis registrando seropositividad a las dos primeras, pero no a brucelosis.Palabras clave: Venado bura, parásitos, enfermedades, enfermedad de lengua azul, anaplasmosis, brucelosis.Abstract: We collected samples of ectoparasites, blood, and feces of mule deer killed by sport hunters in the northern part of the Sierra San Pedro Mártir, Baja California from 2001 to 2003. We identified ectoparasites on 15 deer, which had 9 species of parasitic arthropods: Ixodes scapularis, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Dermacentor occidentalis, Dermacentor variabilis, Dermacentor albipictus, Lipoptena sp, Hypoderma lineatum, Linognathus vituli, and one Oestridae larvae of unidentified species. We did not find any endoparasites. We analyzed blood serum from 12 deer to detect blue tongue disease, anaplasmosis, and brucellosis, and we found seropositivity to the two first diseases, but not to brucellosis. Key words: Mule deer, extoparasites, disease, blue tongue disease, anaplasmosis, brucellosis
Nuevos registros de grisón (<i>Galictis vittata</i>) para la selva Lacandona, Chiapas, México.
Authors: De la Torre J. Antonio , Muech Carlos , Arteaga María Clara 
Published: August 2019

Abstract: The distribution of the greater grison (Galictis vittata) in México goes from southern Tamaulipas and eastern San Luis Potosí, to the south along the Gulf coast to the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, continuing through Chiapas and all of the Yucatán Peninsula. However, this species has not been recorded for the Selva Lacandona region, Chiapas, México. The purpose of this note is to report the first two reliable records of the species for this region of México. These records also constitute a contribution to the ecological knowledge of this species, as they demonstrate their presence in landscapes altered by human activity. Keywords: Mustelidae, Selva Lacandona, camera-trapping, greater grison.
Ampliación de la distribución de tres carnívoros en el noroeste de México.
Authors: Barcénas Horacio V. , Rubio–Rocha Yamel , Nájera–Solís Edith , Damían Leonardo J. López , Legorreta Rodrigo Medellín 
Published: August 2019

Abstract: We report new localities in 2006 and 2008 for three carnivore species from sarcocaule and microphythic desert scrub at the Sierra Seri, Sonora and from croplands Norwest Coastal Plains region, Sinaloa, extending their known distribution ranges. Species were identified through visual recognition of pictures. The presence of these species can be explained by two different mutually exclusive hypotheses: first, that the species has been historically present and were not recorded earlier; and second, that these species have just recently dispersed into the coastal zone. We strongly support the first hypothesis. The relevance of this note stands in the fact that it gives elements to extend the map of distribution for each of these species more than 100 km to the West; this pinpoints the need for continuing conducting biological inventories in the many unexplored areas at Norwest Mexico.Palabras clave: Distribución, Sonora, Sinaloa, Carnivora, Mephitis macroura, Spilogale gracilis, Taxidea taxus.Key words: Distribution, Sonora, Sinaloa, Carnivora, Mephitis macroura, Spilogale gracilis, Taxidea taxus.