bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Household food unavailability due to financial constraints affects the nutrient intake of children
Authors: Suga Hitomi 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
A household’s food unavailability due to financial constraints may act as a barrier to a healthy diet for children. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the association between food unavailability due to financial constraints and the nutrient intake of children aged 1–15 years using data of a nationwide survey among the Japanese population.

Methods
Datasets from the National Health and Nutrition Survey and the Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions in Japan, 2014 were used for this study. The dietary intakes of energy and nutrients were estimated using a one-day dietary record. Participants were categorized into four subgroups, according to their households’ frequency of food unavailability due to financial constraints. The adjusted means and 95% confidential intervals of the energy and nutrient intakes in each subgroup were calculated using analysis of covariance. The statistical trends across the subgroups were examined using analysis of covariance.

Results
Of the 895 children included in the analysis, 202 (22.6%) were classified into subgroups with frequent food unavailability due to financial constraints. Significant decreases in the mean intakes of carbohydrate, calcium, retinol activity equivalents, riboflavin, folate and vitamin C were observed with increases in the frequency of households’ food unavailability. In contrast, frequent food unavailability was associated with higher total fat and vitamin B12 intake.

Conclusion
A substantial proportion of children in Japan experienced food unavailability due to financial constraints, and this affected their nutrient intake. Adopting a population approach may help overcome this problem.
Protective vascular coagulation in response to bacterial infection of the kidney is regulated by bacterial lipid A and host CD147
Authors: Schulz Anette , Chuquimia Olga D , Antypas Haris , Steiner Svava E , Sandoval Ruben M , Tanner George A , Molitoris Bruce A , Richter-Dahlfors Agneta , Melican Keira 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Bacterial infection of the kidney leads to a rapid cascade of host protective responses, many of which are still poorly understood. We have previously shown that following kidney infection with uropathogenicEscherichia coli (UPEC), vascular coagulation is quickly initiated in local perivascular capillaries that protects the host from progressing from a local infection to systemic sepsis. The signaling mechanisms behind this response have not however been described. In this study, we use a number ofin vitro andin vivo techniques, including intravital microscopy, to identify two previously unrecognized components influencing this protective coagulation response. The acylation state of the Lipid A of UPEC lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is shown to alter the kinetics of local coagulation onsetin vivo. We also identify epithelial CD147 as a potential host factor influencing infection-mediated coagulation. CD147 is expressed by renal proximal epithelial cells infected with UPEC, contingent to bacterial expression of the α-hemolysin toxin. The epithelial CD147 subsequently can activate tissue factor on endothelial cells, a primary step in the coagulation cascade. This study emphasizes the rapid, multifaceted response of the kidney tissue to bacterial infection and the interplay between host and pathogen during the early hours of renal infection.
Measuring the rate of manual transcription error in outpatient point-of-care testing
Authors: Mays James A , Mathias Patrick C 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMany point-of-care laboratory tests are manually entered into the electronic health record by ambulatory clinic staff, but the rate of manual transcription error for this testing is poorly characterized. Using a dataset arising from a duplicated workflow that created a set of paired interfaced and manually entered point-of-care glucose measurements, we found that 260 of 6930 (3.7%) manual entries were discrepant from their interfaced result. Thirty-seven of the 260 (14.2%) errors were discrepant by more than 20% and included potentially dangerous mistranscriptions. An additional 37 (14.2%) errors were due to inclusion of non-numeric characters. Staff-entered result flags deviated from the result flag generated in the laboratory information system in 5121 of 6930 (73.9%) pairs. These data demonstrate that clinically significant discrepancies for clinic-entered point of care results occurred at a rate of approximately 5 per 1000 results and they underline the importance of interfacing instruments when feasible.
Screening for Developmental Neurotoxicity at the National Toxicology Program: The Future Is Here
Authors: Behl Mamta , Ryan Kristen , Hsieh Jui-Hua , Parham Frederick , Shapiro Andrew J , Collins Bradley J , Sipes Nisha S , Birnbaum Linda S , Bucher John R , Foster Paul M D , Walker Nigel J , Paules Richard S , Tice Raymond R 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The National Toxicology Program (NTP) receives requests to evaluate chemicals with potential to cause adverse health effects, including developmental neurotoxicity (DNT). Some recent requests have included classes of chemicals such as flame retardants, polycyclic aromatic compounds, perfluoroalkyl substances, and bisphenol A analogs with approximately 20–50 compounds per class, many of which include commercial mixtures. However, all the compounds within a class cannot be tested using traditional DNT animal testing guideline studies due to resource and time limitations. Hence, a rapid and biologically relevant screening approach is required to prioritize compounds for further in vivo testing. Because neurodevelopment is a complex process involving multiple distinct cellular processes, one assay will unlikely address the complexity. Hence, the NTP sought to characterize a battery of in vitro and alternative animal assays to quantify chemical effects on a variety of neurodevelopmental processes. A culmination of this effort resulted in a NTP-hosted collaborative project with approximately 40 participants spanning across domains of academia, industry, government, and regulatory agencies; collaborators presented data on cell-based assays and alternative animal models that was generated using a targeted set of compounds provided by the NTP. The NTP analyzed the assay results using benchmark concentration (BMC) modeling to be able to compare results across the divergent assays. The results were shared with the contributing researchers on a private web application during the workshop, and are now publicly available. This article highlights the overview and goals of the project, and describes the NTP’s approach in creating the chemical library, development of NTPs data analysis strategy, and the structure of the web application. Finally, we discuss key issues with emphasis on the utility of this approach, and knowledge gaps that need to be addressed for its use in regulatory decision making.
Evolution of international collaborative research efforts to develop non-Cochrane systematic reviews
Authors: Viguera-Guerra I. , Ruano Juan , Aguilar-Luque Macarena , Gay-Mimbrera Jesus , Montilla Ana , Fernández-Rueda J. L. , Fernández-Chaichio J. , Sanz-Cabanillas J.L. , Gómez-Arias P. , García-Nieto Antonio Velez , Gómez-Garcia Francisco , Isla-Tejera Beatriz 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis research-on-research study describes effortsto develop non-Cochrane systematic reviews (SRs) by analysing demographical and time-course collaborations between international institutions using protocols registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) or published in scientific journals. We have published an a priori protocol to develop this study. Protocols published in scientific journals were searched in MEDLINE/PubMed and Embase databases using the query terms ‘systematic review’[Title] AND ‘protocol’[Title] from February 2011 to December 2017. Protocols registered at PROSPERO during the same period were obtained by web scraping all non-Cochrane records with a Python script. After excluding protocols with less than 90% fulfilled or duplicated, they were classified as published ‘only in PROSPERO’, ‘only in journals’, or in both ‘journals and PROSPERO’. Results of data and metadata extraction using text-mining processes were curated by two reviewers. Datasets and R scripts are freely available to facilitate reproducibility. We obtained 20,814 protocols of non-Cochrane SRs. While ‘unique protocols’ by re-viewers’ institutions from 60 countries were the most frequent, to prepare ‘collaborative protocols’ a median of 6 (2-150) institutions were involved from 130 different countries. Ranked list of countries involved in overall protocol production were the UK, the U.S., Australia, Brazil, China, Canada, the Netherlands, Germany, and Italy. Most protocols were registered only in PROSPERO. However, the number of protocols published in scientific journals (924) or in both PROSPERO and journals (807) has progressively increased over the last three years. Syst Rev and BMJ Open published more than half of the total protocols. While most productive countries were involved in ‘unique’ and ‘collaborative’ protocols, less productive countries only participated in ‘collaborative’ protocols that were mainly published only in PROSPERO. Our results suggest that although most countries were involved in producing in solitary protocols of non-Cochrane SRs during the study period, it would be desirable to develop new strategies to promote international collaborations, especially with less productive countries.
Interpreting coronary artery disease risk through gene-environment interactions in gene regulation
Authors: Findley Anthony S , Richards Allison L , Petrini Cristiano , Alazizi Adnan , Doman Elizabeth , Shanku Alexander G , Davis Omar , Hauff Nancy , Sorokin Yoram , Wen Xiaoquan , Pique-Regi Roger , Luca Francesca 
Published: November 2018

AbstractGWAS and eQTL studies identified thousands of genetic variants associated with complex traits and gene expression. Despite the important role of environmental exposures in complex traits, only a limited number of environmental factors are measured in these studies. Measuring molecular phenotypes in tightly controlled cellular environments provides a more tractable setting to study gene-environment interactions in the absence of other confounding variables.We performed RNA-seq and ATAC-seq in endothelial cells exposed to retinoic acid, dexamethasone, caffeine, and selenium to model genetic and environmental effects on gene regulation in the vascular endothelium, a common site of pathology in cardiovascular disease. We found that genes near regions of differentially accessible chromatin were more likely to be differentially expressed (OR = [3.41, 6.52], p < 10−16). Furthermore, we confirmed that environment-specific changes in transcription factor binding are a key mechanism for cellular response to environmental stimuli. SNPs in these transcription response factor footprints for dexamethasone, caffeine, and retinoic acid were enriched in GTEx eQTLs from artery tissues indicating that these environmental conditions are latently present in GTEx samples. Additionally, SNPs in footprints for response factors in caffeine are enriched in colocalized eQTLs for coronary artery disease (CAD), suggesting a role for caffeine in CAD risk. Interestingly, each treatment may amplify or buffer genetic risk for CAD, depending on the particular SNP considered.
Accounting for healthcare-seeking behaviours and testing practices in real-time influenza forecasts
Authors: Moss Robert , Zarebski Alexander E , Carlson Sandra J , McCaw James M 
Published: November 2018

AbstractFor diseases such as influenza, where the majority of infected persons experience mild (if any) symptoms, surveillance systems are sensitive to changes in healthcare-seeking and clinical decision-making behaviours. This presents a challenge when trying to interpret surveillance data in near-real-time (e.g., in order to provide public health decision-support). Australia experienced a particularly large and severe influenza season in 2017, perhaps in part due to (a) mild cases being more likely to seek healthcare; and (b) clinicians being more likely to collect specimens for RT-PCR influenza tests. In this study we used weekly Flutracking surveillance data to estimate the probability that a person with influenza-like illness (ILI) would seek healthcare and have a specimen collected. We then used this estimated probability to calibrate near-real-time seasonal influenza forecasts at each week of the 2017 season, to see whether predictive skill could be improved. While the number of self-reported influenza tests in the weekly surveys are typically very low, we were able to detect a substantial change in healthcare seeking behaviour and clinician testing behaviour prior to the high epidemic peak. Adjusting for these changes in behaviour in the forecasting framework improved predictive skill. Our analysis demonstrates a unique value of community-level surveillance systems, such as Flutracking, when interpreting traditional surveillance data.
An unusual and physiologically vital protein with guanylate cyclase and P-type ATPase like domain in a pathogenic protist
Authors: Günay-Esiyok Özlem , Scheib Ulrike , Noll Matthias , Gupta Nishith 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTCyclic GMP is considered as one of the master regulators of diverse functions in eukaryotes; its architecture and functioning in protozoans remain poorly understood however. We characterized an unusual and extra-large guanylate cyclase (477-kDa) containing at least 4 putative P-type ATPase motifs and 21 transmembrane helices in a common parasitic protist, Toxoplasma gondii. This protein, termed as TgATPaseP-GC due to its anticipated multi-functionality, localizes in the plasma membrane at the apical pole, while the corresponding cGMP-dependent protein kinase (TgPKG) is distributed in cytomembranes. Both proteins are expressed constitutively during the entire lytic cycle of the parasite in human cells, which suggests a post-translational control of cGMP signaling. Homology modeling indicated an activation of guanylate cyclase by heterodimerization of its two cyclase domains. TgATPaseP-GC is refractory to genetic deletion, and its CRISPR/Cas9-mediated disruption aborts the lytic cycle. Likewise, Cre/loxP-regulated knockdown of the TgATPaseP-GC by 3’ UTR excision inhibited the parasite growth due to impairments in motility-dependent egress and invasion events. Consistently, cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitors restored the gliding motility of the mutant. A genetic repression of TgPKG, or its pharmacological inhibition phenocopied the defects observed in the TgATPaseP-GC mutant. Our data show a vital function of cGMP signaling, which is inducted by an alveolate-specific guanylate cyclase coupled to P-type like ATPase, and transduced by a dedicated PKG in T. gondii. The presence of TgATPaseP-GC orthologs in many other alveolates with contrasting habitats implies a divergent functional repurposing of cGMP signaling in protozoans. The work also lays an avenue to systematically dissect the cascade and understand its evolution in a model protist.
Genome-wide screens in accelerated human stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells identify Zika virus host factors and drivers of proliferation
Authors: Wells Michael F. , Salick Max R. , Piccioni Federica , Hill Ellen J. , Mitchell Jana M. , Worringer Kathleen A. , Raymond Joseph J. , Kommineni Sravya , Chan Karrie , Ho Daniel , Peterson Brant K. , Siekmann Marco T. , Pietilainen Olli , Nehme Ralda , Kaykas Ajamete , Eggan Kevin 
Published: November 2018

SUMMARYNeural progenitor cells (NPCs) are essential to brain development and their dysfunction is linked to several disorders, including autism, Zika Virus Congenital Syndrome, and cancer. Understanding of these conditions has been improved by advancements with stem cell-derived NPC models. However, current differentiation methods require many days or weeks to generate NPCs and show variability in efficacy among cell lines. Here, we describe humanStem cell-derivedNGN2-acceleratedProgenitor cells (SNaPs), which are produced in only 48 hours. SNaPs express canonical forebrain NPC protein markers, are proliferative, multipotent, and like other human NPCs, are susceptible to Zika-mediated death. We further demonstrate SNaPs are valuable for large-scale investigations of genetic and environmental influencers of neurodevelopment by deploying them for genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screens. Our studies expand knowledge of NPCs by identifying known and novel Zika host factors, as well as new regulators of NPC proliferation validated by re-identification of the autism spectrum genePTEN.
Macarthurs 1955 Stability Function is Related to Formal Dynamic Measures of Food Web Stability
Authors: Keegan S. P. , Townsend S. E. , Haydon D.T. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCommunity complexity-stability relationships have been at the centre of ecological thinking for many decades. MacArthur (1955) proposed a measure of stability that reflected the diversity in the number of pathways energy can flow up through a food web but how this index correlates with more formal ideas of dynamical stability remains unexplored. Here, we examine the relationship between MacArthurs proposed index and measures of local and global stability in Lotka-Volterra food web models. Our results provide support for MacArthurs intuitive hypothesis that increasing the diversity of energy pathways through food webs endows them with greater stability, as measured by both the probability of local and global point stabilities, and the return time to stable equilibria following perturbation.
Homework compliance among substance using male offenders of IPV
Authors: Berbary Cassandra , Fernandes Camila , Crane Cory A. , Easton Caroline J. 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
Research suggests that homework compliance within cognitive behavioral therapy is associated with treatment adherence and positive treatment outcomes through generalization of learned skills. The purpose of this paper is to determine whether there were differences in aggression and substance use between participants who did and did not complete therapy homework assignments.

Design/methodology/approach
Secondary analyses were conducted using data from Easton et al.’s (2017) randomized controlled trial of substance abuse domestic violence (SADV) treatment among substance dependent intimate partner violence (IPV) offenders. Analyses of covariance were conducted in order to determine whether homework completion had a significant effect on aggression and substance use. Correlational analyses were conducted to determine the association between quality of homework and outcomes.

Findings
Participants (n=63) who completed at least two homework assignments had fewer days of alcohol use during treatment compared to those who did not complete any assignments, p=0.03. There was not a difference in the number of days participants engaged in violence based on homework completion. Analyses indicated that those who displayed aggression proximal to alcohol use during treatment completed significantly fewer homework assignments compared to those who did not display aggression proximal to alcohol use (p=0.04).

Research limitations/implications
This research was limited to a sample of male substance using offenders of IPV within the US additional research utilizing a larger sample size in order to investigate differences in homework completion across treatment groups is needed. Further analysis of the barriers to and predictors of homework compliance among this population is recommended.

Originality/value
This research highlights the need for incorporation of homework and further exploration of methods and treatment modalities to ensure homework compliance among substance using male offenders of IPV.
Multinational companies and the corporate social responsibility at home: the stakeholder approach
Authors: Kim Eun Woo , Choe Soonkyoo , Kwak Jooyoung 
Published: November 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to integrate stakeholder and international business (IB) theories to explore the relationship between the international diversification of emerging-market multinational corporations (EMNCs) and corporate social performance (CSP) in their home markets. While the IB literature generally assumes a positive effect from international diversification on CSP as a result of global learning, the study aims at investigating the complicated effects in the link to the stakeholder theory.Design/methodology/approachThis paper used combined sources of public survey data (corporate social responsibility (CSR) of the Korean firms) and archival data (foreign direct investment and corporate data). A truncated regression is used for statistical model.FindingsInternational diversification helps MNCs to enhance CSP in their home countries. Thus, EMNCs can develop CSR capabilities at the global level, thereby benefiting domestic stakeholders. Also, significant investment in domestic research and development (R&D) and advertising negatively moderates the relationship between international diversification and domestic CSP. In this regard, expanding R&D and advertising facilitates global competitiveness. Moreover, as international diversification increases, EMNCs may redirect resources and re-orient CSR policies toward foreign stakeholders. Consequently, the relationship between international diversification and domestic CSP weaken.Practical implicationsAcceleration in international diversification may weaken domestic CSP, which arises from transformation into the global enterprises.Originality/valueThe study highlights the difficulties of EMNCs in serving domestic stakeholders effectively when their businesses are increasingly internationalized.
The entrepreneurial breaking point: undergoing moments of crisis
Authors: Gonzalez Katerina , Winkler Christoph 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a process view into moments of entrepreneurial crisis within the venture formation process caused by environmental stressors. A new construct is conceptualized, the entrepreneurial breaking point (EBP), as a critical and potentially insurmountable moment of crisis caused by an entrepreneur’s appraisal of environmental threats during a new venture’s formation.

Design/methodology/approach
To develop the EBP within a process model, this study builds upon previous environmental frameworks by expanding upon and infusing a situated social cognitive approach with a stress perspective.

Findings
The theoretical framework developed sheds light on the complex person-environment interaction that can create an EBP, the process of experiencing an EBP, how individuals vary in their activation of coping resources to respond to an EBP and how an EBP can ultimately result in new venture exit, sustained performance or growth.

Practical implications
The paper discusses implications for entrepreneurs during these moments of crises, including suggesting the use of trusted, impartial third-parties to overcome individual weaknesses, increasing awareness of the various environmental threats and finding a balance between goal-related commitment and adaptation.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to the existing literature by operationalizing and contextualizing a special case of socio-cognition under duress, filling an identified need for process work, exploring some reasons for EBP response variation across different entrepreneurs and elaborating on how the behavioral outcomes of an EBP may affect venture performance.