bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Segregation of Opportunity: Social and Financial Resources in the Educational Contexts of Lower- and Higher-Income Children, 1990–2014
Authors: Bischoff Kendra , Owens Ann 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis article provides a rich longitudinal portrait of the financial and social resources available in the school districts of high- and low-income students in the United States from 1990 to 2014. Combining multiple publicly available data sources for most school districts in the United States, we document levels and gaps in school district financial resources—total per-pupil expenditures—and social resources—local rates of adult educational attainment, family structure, and adult unemployment—available to the average public school student at a variety of income levels over time. In addition to using eligibility for the National School Lunch Program as a blunt measure of student income, we estimate resource inequalities between income deciles to analyze resource gaps between affluent and poor children. We then examine the relationship between income segregation and resource gaps between the school districts of high- and low-income children. In previous work, the social context of schooling has been a theoretical but unmeasured mechanism through which income segregation may operate to create unequal opportunities for children. Our results show large and, in some cases, growing social resource gaps in the districts of high- and low-income students nationally and provide evidence that these gaps are exacerbated by income segregation. Conversely, per-pupil funding became more compensatory between high- and low-income students’ school districts over this period, especially in highly segregated states. However, there are early signs of reversal in this trend. The results provide evidence that school finance reforms have been somewhat effective in reducing the consequences of income segregation on funding inequities, while inequalities in the social context of schooling continue to grow.
Assessing the duality of thermal performance and energy efficiency of residential buildings in hot arid climate of Laghouat, Algeria
Authors: Bencheikh Darda , Bederina Madani 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Thermal comfort is the main driver of buildings energy consumption; it has been classified by building occupants to be of greater importance compared with visual and acoustic comfort. To respond correctly and quickly to the increase in energy price and pollution, thermal regulations and comfort approaches have emerged. This paper compares the thermal performances and energy demand of a vernacular and a low-income modern dwelling using two major thermal comfort approaches (Givoni’s approach and adaptive thermal comfort recommended by The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers in ASHRAE standards 55-2010) and the energy professional’s method presented in the French Thermal Regulations RT2012. It shows the effectiveness of bioclimatic and passive strategies in reducing energy demand, increasing the thermal comfort level for the buildings, and therefore reducing greenhouse emissions. The results show that the vernacular house was comfortable during the warm day, which approved a 100% cooling energy efficiency (the thermal comfort has been achieved in a passive way), contrary to the contemporary dwelling, in which the use of air-conditioning modern systems was essential to meet the occupant needs in terms of thermal comfort. The difference between the houses’ energy performances was estimated, including a 39% reduction in energy demand.
A review of energy-efficient scheduling in intelligent production systems
Authors: Gao Kaizhou , Huang Yun , Sadollah Ali , Wang Ling 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Recently, many manufacturing enterprises pay closer attention to energy efficiency due to increasing energy cost and environmental awareness. Energy-efficient scheduling of production systems is an effective way to improve energy efficiency and to reduce energy cost. During the past 10 years, a large amount of literature has been published about energy-efficient scheduling, in which more than 50% employed swarm intelligence and evolutionary algorithms to solve the complex scheduling problems. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive literature review of production scheduling for intelligent manufacturing systems with the energy-related constraints and objectives. The main goals are to summarize, analyze, discuss, and synthesize the existing achievements, current research status, and ongoing studies, and to give useful insight into future research, especially intelligent strategies for solving the energy-efficient scheduling problems. The scope of this review is focused on the journal publications of the Web of Science database. The energy efficiency-related publications are classified and analyzed according to five criteria. Then, the research trends of energy efficiency are discussed. Finally, some directions are pointed out for future studies.
Safety and Tolerability of Evening Ethanol Consumption and Bedtime Administration of Flibanserin in Healthy Premenopausal Female Subjects
Authors: Millheiser Leah , Clayton Anita H. , Parish Sharon J. , Kingsberg Sheryl A. , Kim Noel N. , Simon James A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Flibanserin, a treatment for hypoactive sexual desire disorder, carries warnings for increased risk of severe hypotension and syncope when used with alcohol. However, these warnings are not informed by studies that used flibanserin’s recommended bedtime dosing because previous alcohol studies assessed flibanserin’s safety during the day.

Aim
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of ethanol in a real-world context in premenopausal women taking flibanserin at bedtime.

Methods
In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, 24 healthy premenopausal women (mean age = 34.5 ± 9.9 years; mean body mass index = 25.2 ± 3.4 kg/m2) were dosed with flibanserin or placebo for 3 days to achieve steady-state plasma levels. In a clinical research unit, subjects (n = 22) were provided 2 units of wine (150 mL/unit; 12% ethanol content) or a nonalcoholic beverage with a standardized 3-course evening meal. Flibanserin 100 mg or placebo was administered at bedtime 2.5 hours after the end of the evening meal. On a separate day, subjects were provided the alternative beverage (± alcohol) with the same evening meal and dosed with the same treatment (flibanserin or placebo) at bedtime. After a 5-day washout period, subjects crossed over to the other treatment arm and the protocol was repeated.

Main Outcome Measure
Adverse events (AEs) and vital signs were monitored.

Results
In the absence of ethanol, headaches and hypotension were the only AEs that occurred in ≥2 subjects after flibanserin dosing (placebo corrected rates were 17.4% and 8.7%, respectively). After ethanol consumption, the rate of hypotension after flibanserin dosing was no greater than with flibanserin or placebo after nonalcoholic beverage consumption. There were no instances of orthostatic hypotension or syncope and no serious AEs or AEs leading to study discontinuation.

Conclusion
Flibanserin dosed at bedtime after moderate amounts of alcohol with an evening meal was well-tolerated with no evidence of clinically significant hypotension or syncope.
Photoperiod Impact on a Sailor’s Sleep-Wake Rhythm and Core Body Temperature in Polar Environment
Authors: de Blasiis Kévin , Mauvieux Benoit , Elsworth-Edelsten Charlotte , Pezé Thierry , Jouffroy Romain , Hurdiel Rémy 
Published: September 2019

Introduction Studies have reported circadian desynchronizations and sleep disruptions in onshore populations in the Arctic during the polar day. Although the Arctic region is becoming more accessible by sea and evidence is growing to implicate the importance of fatigue in sailing accidents, no study related to circadian disruptions has focused on sailors. The aim of this study was to observe, during a 155-d polar sailing trip between Greenland and Russia, the evolution of the sleep-wake rhythm and core body temperature (Tc) in a sailor. Methods During the expedition, an electronic sleep diary was recorded daily and a continuous measurement of Tc using telemetric pills was performed every 10 d (recording depending on transit time, ≈24 h). Ephemerides were manually determined day by day using global positioning system position and revealed 3 phases (phase 1: decrease of night duration; phase 2: polar day; phase 3: increase of night duration). Results A significant difference ( P < 0.05) was observed in daily sleep time between phase 2 (7.6 ± 2.5 h) and phase 3 (8 ± 2 h). The period of Tc rhythm changed during the expedition (phase 1: 24.2 ± 0.5 h; phase 2: 25 ± 0.3 h; phase 3: 24 ± 0.6 h). Dissociation between Tc rhythm and sleep occurred during phase 2. Conclusions Our study observed that during a polar sailing expedition, many circadian disruptions appeared as free-running rhythms or dissociation between sleep and Tc rhythm. Future studies will evaluate effects of these disruptions and their probable association with accident risks.
How dorsal fin sharpness affects swimming speed and economy
Authors: Zhong Qiang , Dong Haibo , Quinn Daniel B. 
Published: September 2019

Multi-fin systems, like fish or fish-inspired vehicles, are governed by unsteady three-dimensional interactions between their multiple fins. In particular, dorsal/anal fins have received much attention because they are just upstream of the main thrust-producing fin: the caudal (tail) fin. We used a tuna-inspired fish model with variable fin sharpness to study the interaction between elongated dorsal/anal fins and caudal fins. We found that the performance enhancement is stronger than previously thought (15 % increase in swimming speed and 50 % increase in swimming economy) and is governed by a three-dimensional dorsal-fin-induced cross-flow that lowers the angle of attack on the caudal fin and promotes spanwise flow. Both simulations and multi-layer particle image velocimetry reveal that the cross-flow stabilizes the leading edge vortex on the caudal fin, similar to how wing strakes prevent stall during fixed-wing aircraft manoeuvres. Unlike other fin–fin interactions, this mechanism is phase-insensitive and offers a simple, passive solution for flow control over oscillating propulsors. Our results therefore improve our understanding of multi-fin flow interactions and suggest new insights into dorsal/anal fin shape and placement in fish and fish-inspired vehicles.
Union Busting as Development: Transnationalism, Empire and Kennedy's Secret Labour Programme for Bolivia
Authors: Field Thomas C. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDrawing on archives from the US labour movement, personal papers of transnational labour organisers, Bolivian oral histories and press reports, and government records from four countries, this article explores a web of Cold War relationships forged between Bolivian workers and US government and labour officials. Uncovering a panoply of parallel and sometimes conflicting state-supported trade union development programmes, the article reveals governments’ inability to fully control the exuberance of ideologically-motivated labour activists. Rather than succeed in shoring up a civilian government as intended, US President John F. Kennedy's union-busting programme aggravated fissures in Bolivia's non-Communist Left, ultimately frustrating its attempt to steer a non-aligned posture in Latin America's Cold War. Employing transnational methods to bridge gaps between labour, development and diplomatic history, this article points toward a new imperial studies approach to the multi-sited conflicts that shaped the post-war trajectory of labour movements in Bolivia and throughout the Third World.
Searching for Red Songs: The Politics of Revolutionary Nostalgia in Contemporary China
Authors: Li Shuanglong , Yan Fei 
Published: September 2019

AbstractApplying a novel approach based on online query volume data, this study provides the first large-scale portrait of revolutionary nostalgia among the Chinese, undertaking an empirical analysis of how the aggregate level of nostalgia is shaped. For each Chinese province, we use the normalized frequency of searches for red songs on Baidu, the most widely used online search engine in China, to quantify the local level of nostalgia. We find that the evolving trends of nostalgia among the provinces are similar but stratified. The results from the dynamic panel data analysis using the Generalized Method of Moments indicate that revolutionary nostalgia is significantly affected by a set of socio-economic determinants, including GDP per capita, income inequality, social development, legal development and the degree of globalization.
Multistate outbreaks of Salmonella infections linked to imported Maradol papayas – United States, December 2016–September 2017
Authors: Hassan R. , Whitney B. , Williams D. L. , Holloman K. , Grady D. , Thomas D. , Omoregie E. , Lamba K. , Leeper M. , Gieraltowski L. ,   the Outbreak Investigation Team
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Foodborne salmonellosis causes approximately 1 million illnesses annually in the United States. In the summer of 2017, we investigated four multistate outbreaks of Salmonella infections associated with Maradol papayas imported from four Mexican farms. PulseNet initially identified a cluster of Salmonella Kiambu infections in June 2017, and early interviews identified papayas as an exposure of interest. Investigators from Maryland, Virginia and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) collected papayas for testing. Several strains of Salmonella were isolated from papayas sourced from Mexican Farm A, including Salmonella Agona, Gaminara, Kiambu, Thompson and Senftenberg. Traceback from two points of service associated with illness sub-clusters in two states identified Farm A as a common source of papayas, and three voluntary recalls of Farm A papayas were issued. FDA sampling isolated four additional Salmonella strains from papayas sourced from Mexican Farms B, C and D. In total, four outbreaks were identified, resulting in 244 cases with illness onset dates from 20 December 2016 to 20 September 2017. The sampling of papayas and the collaborative work of investigative partners were instrumental in identifying the source of these outbreaks and preventing additional illnesses. Evaluating epidemiological, laboratory and traceback evidence together during investigations is critical to solving and stopping outbreaks.
Germination characteristics and phytotoxic inhibition of germination in Artemisia adamsii, a low-palatability weed in the Mongolian steppe
Authors: Kinugasa Toshihiko , Ishibashi Kyoko , Miyawaki Mami , Gantsetseg Batdelger 
Published: September 2019

AbstractArtemisia adamsii is a weed with low palatability to livestock and is thus recognized as an indicator of rangeland degradation in Mongolia. We investigated the germination characteristics of this species, phytotoxic suppression of its germination by its own residue, and the applicability of such germination behaviour to the control of this species. We also discussed the ecological consequence of these factors regarding the vegetation dynamics of the Mongolian steppe. Germination of A. adamsii was tested at different light and temperature conditions. Germination was also tested for A. adamsii and four native grassland species in the presence or absence of A. adamsii residue. Germination of A. adamsii was light-demanding and temperature-dependent. Artemisia adamsii residue showed autotoxic but sub-fatal suppression of germination, and the chemicals causing that suppression were shown to be aqueous and volatile. Phytotoxicity of A. adamsii residue on the germination of grassland species was low, except for in Artemisia frigida. The applicability of the observed sub-fatal autotoxicity for controlling this species was likely to be low, but the elucidated germination characteristics could contribute to developing a strategy for controlling this species. The autotoxicity in A. adamsii germination was suggested to have an ecological consequence that mediates species transition from A. adamsii to other species in degraded land occupied by A. adamsii. As low-palatability A. adamsii can act as a nurse plant of palatable species under grazing conditions, the invasion of A. adamsii into disturbed grasslands may facilitate the recovery of such grasslands in terms of improving pasture quality.
A beneficial technique for preventing the device protrusion to the aorta during percutaneous patent ductus arteriosus closure: “Balloon-assisted device releasing technique”
Authors: Epçaçan Serdar , Bulut Mustafa Orhan , Yücel İlker Kemal , Çelebi Ahmet 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackground:Although percutaneous closure of patent ductus arteriosus is an established safe procedure, protrusion of the device to descending aorta may occur in various degrees during these procedures, especially in small infants. The aim of our study is to evaluate the benefits of balloon-assisted device releasing technique in the era of preventing device protrusion and conditions related to protrusion.Methods:One hundred and fifty-five infants, who underwent patent ductus arteriosus closure with Amplatzer duct occluder I device between January, 2012 and December, 2018, were retrospectively analysed. Balloon-assisted device releasing technique was used in 20 cases (group 1, 12.9%), between January, 2015 and December, 2018. Procedures in which the technique had been used were compared with the remaining ones (group 2, 87.1%, n = 135) with regard to device stabilisation, aortic disc protrusion to the aorta, iatrogenic coarctation, and device embolisation.Results:There was no significant difference by means of gender, age, weight, and the ductal diameter, whereas the average mean pulmonary artery pressure was significantly higher in group 1. Device protrusion and related complications were significantly higher in group 2; thus, additional catheterisations or surgical interventions were required, while no additional intervention was required in group 1.Conclusion:The balloon-assisted device releasing technique provides a good device stabilisation and prevents protrusion of the device and related complications during percutaneous patent ductus arteriosus closure in selected cases.
LGBQ+ adults’ experiences of Improving Access to Psychological Therapies and primary care counselling services: informing clinical practice and service delivery
Authors: Foy Amelia A.J. , Morris Daniel , Fernandes Vanessa , Rimes Katharine A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLesbian, gay, bisexual, queer and other sexual minority (LGBQ+) people experience higher levels of psychological difficulties than heterosexual people. Evidence suggests that LGBQ+ treatment outcomes within England’s Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) services are worse than the outcomes for heterosexuals, especially for bisexual people and sexual minority women. IAPT services provide evidence-based treatments like cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), typically for anxiety or depression. This study explored LGBQ+ adults’ experiences with IAPT services and/or primary care counselling. LGBQ+ adults (n = 136) answered an online questionnaire (fixed-response and optional open-ended questions) about their access and treatment experiences. Descriptive statistics summarized multiple-choice responses. Qualitative data were analysed through thematic analysis. Before access, 41.9% of participants were concerned about experiencing LGBQ+ stigma/discrimination within psychological services. Only 13.2% of participants thought their sexuality negatively impacted their treatment, although prejudice/discrimination may be underestimated as 33.6% participants did not disclose their sexuality to practitioners and sexuality was not discussed in treatment for 44.0% of participants. Bisexual clients were significantly less likely to disclose their sexuality. The barriers LGBQ+ people described within IAPT or primary care services included: feared or experienced stigma in the services; reluctance to disclose sexuality; inconsistent discussion of sexuality in treatment; a lack of awareness and understanding towards LGBQ+ identities and community-specific challenges; and distrust, disillusionment and exclusion resultantly. Overall, 52.2% thought services could be improved for LGBQ+ individuals. This study identified multiple issues to be addressed in therapist training and service development.Key learning aims
(1)The unique needs/experiences that LGBQ+ people bring to therapy, such as the need to disclose their sexuality and past experiences of stigma/discrimination, including how this differs within the community (e.g. bisexual people or LGBQ+ Black and minority ethnic people).(2)How these needs/experiences can result in barriers that make their treatment experience distinct from heterosexuals and influence their treatment outcomes.(3)What steps should be taken in future research and clinical practice to ensure improvements in the psychological treatment experiences of LGBQ+ people, including in relation to therapist understanding and training in LGBQ+-related issues.
Multigenerational effects of chronic maternal exposure to a high sugar/fat diet and physical training
Authors: Martins Terra Marcella , Schaeffer Fontoura Tamiris , Oliveira Nogueira Audryo , Ferraz Lopes Jéssica , de Freitas Mathias Paulo Cézar , Andreazzi Ana Eliza , de Oliveira Guerra Martha , Maria Peters Vera 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPregnant individuals who overeat are more likely to predispose their fetus to the development of metabolic disorders in adulthood. Physical training is a prevention and treatment interventional strategy that could treat these disorders, since it improves metabolism and body composition. This study assessed the protective effect of physical exercise against possible metabolic changes in generations F1 and F2, whose mothers were subjected to a high-sugar/high-fat (HS/HF) diet. Wistar rats belonging to generation F0 were distributed into four groups (n = 10): sedentary control (CSed), exercised control (CExe), sedentary HS/HF diet (DHSed) and exercised HS/HF diet (DHExe). From 21 to 120 days of age, maintained during pregnancy and lactation period, CSed/CExe animals received standard feed and DHSed/DHExe animals a HS/HF diet. Animals from the CExe/DHExe underwent physical training from 21 to 120 days of age. Male and female F1 and F2 received a normocaloric feed and did not perform any physical training, categorized into four groups (n = 10) according to the maternal group to which they belonged to. An increase in body weight, adiposity and glucose, and a change in lipid profile in F0 were observed, while exercise reduced the biochemical parameters comparing DHSed with DHExe. Maternal exercise had an effect on future generations, reducing adiposity, glucose and triglyceride concentrations, and preventing deleterious effects on glucose tolerance. Maternal overeating increased health risks both for mother and offspring, demonstrating that an HS/HF diet intake promotes metabolic alterations in the offspring. Importantly, the physical training performed by F0 proved to be protective against such effects.