bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Objectify Yourself!
Authors: Helbig Daniela K 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines Marianne Weber’s reflections on the separability between thought and personality. While this question has become an important aspect of Max Weber’s reception history, Marianne Weber did not pose it as a historiographical or biographical problem but rather in the context of her work as a leader of the bourgeois German women’s movement. Retracing her response to Georg Simmel’s views on women’s contribution to what he called objective culture, the chapter shows how Marianne Weber turned a striving for objectified detachment from the personal into a practical life task for the women of her generation. In its normative function for individual lives, it was a task comparable to the duties that Max Weber posited for the life of the scholar, grounded in his methodological notion of objectivity.
Caesarism and Democratic Agency in Max Weber
Authors: Whimster Sam 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Weber’s types of legitimate domination are used to conduct both a critique and defense of democracy. The rise of figures such as Presidents Donald Trump, Jair Bolsonaro, Narendra Modi, and Viktor Orbán is presented in terms of a caesarist rather than a charismatic model. Caesarism attacks the legal-rational legitimacy of politics and the normalization of politics by democratic parliamentary parties and officials. Legitimacy for Weber is the believability of rule by the ruled, but democracy demands co-rule and involves a commitment to ideas in their own right such as natural law. The caesarist leader generates validity of rule through demagoguery and the emotionalization of politics. Caesarism is illustrated by nineteenth-century American politics—city bosses and the spoils system—and by the rise of Donald Trump. Every democracy, says Weber, has the tendency to select its leader in the direction of caesarism. Trump’s self-acclamation as the winner of the 2019 presidential election, using Weber’s theory, should be countered by Congress as the parliamentary guarantee against the caesarist dictator. Weber assumes that the rule of law is upheld, but parliamentarians must speak up for democracy. UK Prime Ministers Blair and Johnson are analyzed as caesarist leaders.
Art Museums as Catalysts for Human Flourishing
Authors: Bostwick Davis Elliot 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines art museums as catalysts for human flourishing. It develops the argument that art museums offer numerous opportunities to promote and sustain human flourishing. Quantitative metrics of art museums’ success and social media engagement do not adequately measure how art museums support and expand the ability of visits to experience greater well-being. Inspired by audience responses to the opening of the Art of the Americas Wing at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston (MFA), the chapter describes the development of new metrics for measuring flourishing in conjunction with a 2018 MFA pilot exhibition about Native American art. The chapter concludes that art, whether accessed in a museum or via a range of digital formats, will continue to serve as an essential, public resource for cultivating a greater sense of well-being and flourishing.
Root system architecture reorganization under decreasing soil phosphorus lowers root system conductance of Zea mays
Authors: Bauer Felix Maximilian , Baker Dirk Norbert , Giraud Mona , Baca Cabrera Juan Carlos , Vanderborght Jan , Lobet Guillaume , Schnepf Andrea 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
The global supply of phosphorus (P) is decreasing. At the same time, climate change is reducing the availability of water in most regions of the world. Insights into how decreasing P availability influences plant architecture are crucial to understanding its influence on plant functional properties, such as the root system’s water uptake capacity.

Methods
In this study, we investigated the structural and functional responses of Zea mays to varying P fertilization levels focusing especially on the root system’s conductance. A rhizotron experiment with soils ranging from severe P deficiency to sufficiency was conducted. We measured the architectural parameters of the whole plant and combined them with root hydraulic properties to simulate time-dependent root system conductance of growing plants under different P levels.

Key Results
We observed changes in the root system architecture, characterized by decreasing crown root elongation and reduced axial root radii with declining P availability. Modelling revealed that only plants with optimal P availability sustained a high root system conductance, while all other P levels led to a significantly lower root system conductance, under both light and severe P deficiency.

Conclusion
We postulate that P deficiency decreases root system conductance, which could mitigate drought conditions through a more conservative water use strategy, but ultimately reduces biomass and impairs root development and overall water uptake capacity. Our results also highlight that the organization of the root system, rather than its overall size, is critical for estimating important root functions.
A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Trial of Methylene Blue Injection for Costal Cartilage Harvest Postoperative Analgesia
Authors: Zhang Ziang , Zhu Ziyu , Liu Hengxin , Chen Jie , Jin Changxin , Zhang Xi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
In plastic surgery, costal cartilage is an excellent support material. However, postoperative pain from costal cartilage harvesting can impact patient recovery and satisfaction with the surgery. Recent reports have shown that methylene blue (MB) is an effective local analgesic in postoperative management.

Objectives
We aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of MB for pain relief in patients undergoing costal cartilage harvesting.

Methods
A total of 106 patients undergoing costal cartilage harvesting surgery were selected from the plastic surgery department between December 2022 and March 2024. They were randomly divided into 2 groups: the MB group and the ropivacaine group, with 53 patients in each group. Pain levels were assessed with a numerical rating scale, the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), arm elevation angle, and postoperative satisfaction scales at 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively.

Results
Patients receiving MB exhibited a significant decrease in pain scores from 5 days to 1 month of treatment compared to the ropivacaine group. Additionally, in the MB group there was an improvement in ISI scores from 5 days to 1 month compared to the ropivacaine group. Furthermore, during the 3-month follow-up, the MB group had significant increases in satisfaction scores compared to the control group. Arm elevation angle in the MB group was significantly higher compared to the ropivacaine group at 5 days, 1week, and 1month. No serious adverse events were reported, with only 2 patients experiencing an allergic rash.

Conclusions
Methylene blue demonstrated significant pain reduction with minimal adverse effects.

Level of Evidence: 3 (Therapeutic)
Inflammageing, a targetable pathway for preventing cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Aranda Juan Francisco , Ramírez Cristina M , Mittelbrunn María 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Inflammageing, characterized by persistent chronic inflammation in older adults, has emerged as a critical factor linked to age-related diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), metabolic disorders, and cognitive decline, which collectively contribute to the leading causes of death globally. Elevated levels of cytokines, chemokines, and other inflammatory mediators characterize inflammageing and serve as indicators of biological age. Among the causes of inflammageing, deterioration of the immune system, mitochondrial dysfunction, dysbiosis, accumulation of DAMPs, together with genetic or epigenetic factors, contribute to inflammageing not only in CVD but also in other age-related conditions. This review examines the causes and consequences of inflammageing, particularly its implications for atherosclerosis and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and explores potential strategies to mitigate it in the onset of CVD.
Use of Modified Multiplier of the Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn’s Disease Endoscopic Improvement Thresholds Enhances Effect Size Differentiation Between Adalimumab Versus Placebo: A Post Hoc Analysis of the EXTEND Trial
Authors: Wong Emily C L , Dulai Parambir S , Marshall John K , Laroux Stephen , Jairath Vipul , Reinisch Walter , Narula Neeraj 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The Modified Multiplier of the Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn’s Disease (MM-SES-CD) refines the assessment of endoscopic CD severity by differentially weighting parameters in the original SES-CD. A threshold of &lt;22.5 for MM-SES-CD suggests endoscopic remission (ER) and correlates with a low risk of long-term disease progression. This study examines whether MM-SES-CD-defined ER and response criteria are more sensitive to treatment effects compared to conventional SES-CD definitions.

Methods
This post hoc analysis of the EXTEND (extend the safety and efficacy of adalimumab through endoscopic healing) trial compared various SES-CD and MM-SES-CD definitions of ER and endoscopic response in CD patients treated with adalimumab or placebo. The study included participants with moderate–severe CD and a baseline MM-SES-CD score ≥ 22.5. The primary outcome of ER, defined as MM-SES-CD &lt; 22.5, was evaluated at Weeks 12 and 52. Area under the curve (AUC) analyses compared thresholds for predicting Week 52 ER.

Results
Of the 100 participants (77.5% of the EXTEND population), 51 received adalimumab and 49 received placebo. At Week 12, 62% achieved MM-SES-CD ≥ 20% reduction from baseline, compared to 39% with SES-CD ≥ 50% reduction. At Week 52, 56.9% of adalimumab-treated participants achieved MM-SES-CD &lt; 22.5, compared to 10.2% in the placebo group. Modified Multiplier of the Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn’s Disease ≥ 20% reduction at Week 12 better predicted Week 52 ER than SES-CD ≥ 50% reduction (AUC: 0.73 vs 0.62, p = 0.002).

Conclusion
MM-SES-CD definitions improved discrimination between treatment and placebo and offered superior predictive accuracy for Week 52 ER. Its use may enhance trial efficiency and better predict long-term disease outcomes.
Residual pulmonary stenosis and right ventricular contractility in repaired tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Tominaga Yuji , Iwai Shigemitsu , Taira Masaki , Tsumura Sanae , Kurosaki Kenichi , Sakaniwa Ryoto , Ueno Takayoshi , Miyagawa Shigeru ,   Congenital Osaka Cardiovascular Surgery Research (COSCAR) Group
Published: November 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The impact of residual pulmonary stenosis (rPS) or right ventricular (RV) outflow tract obstruction on prognosis after surgical pulmonary valve insertion) in repaired tetralogy of Fallot patients with pulmonary regurgitation (PR) remains controversial. rPS assessment is partially dependent on RV contractility. We investigated the impact of rPS according to RV ejection fraction (RVEF).

METHODS
In this multicentre, retrospective study, 117 repaired tetralogy of Fallot patients who underwent surgical pulmonary valve insertion for more than moderate PR between 2003 and 2021 were examined. Regarding rPS, the threshold for PR with rPS (PSR) and PR was 25 mmHg. For RVEF, the threshold for preserved RVEF (pEF) and reduced RVEF (rEF) was 40%. The patients were divided into 4 groups: patients with PR and pEF (PR-pEF) (n = 48), those with PR and rEF (PR-rEF) (n = 44), those with PSR and pEF (PSR-pEF) (n = 16), and those with PSR and rEF (PSR-rEF) (n = 9). Clinical parameters, postoperative adverse event rates and their associations were studied.

RESULTS
The 5-year freedom from adverse cardiovascular events was the highest in the PSR-pEF and the lowest in the PSR-rEF groups. The PSR-rEF group had the highest RV end-diastolic pressure (RVEDP) (12 ± 2.2 mmHg) (P = 0.006). From multivariable analysis, RVEDP was associated with postoperative adverse events (P = 0.016). RVEDP &gt; 8 mmHg was associated with a lower freedom from adverse events.

CONCLUSIONS
The freedom from adverse events was the lowest in the PSR-rEF group, with the highest RVEDP, suggesting RV systolic and diastolic dysfunction. Reduced RVEF may mask the intrinsic degree of residual stenosis, delay surgical pulmonary valve insertion timing and increase adverse events.
Predictive and prognostic factors in patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearranged early-stage lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Gallina Filippo Tommaso , Cecere Fabiana Letizia , Tajè Riccardo , Bertolaccini Luca , Casiraghi Monica , Spaggiari Lorenzo , Cannone Giorgio , Busetto Alberto , Rea Federico , Martucci Nicola , De Luca Giuseppe , Mercadante Edoardo , Mazzoni Francesca , Bongiolatti Stefano , Voltolini Luca , Melis Enrico , Sperduti Isabella , Cappuzzo Federico , Rayes Roni , Ferri Lorenzo , Facciolo Francesco , Spicer Jonathan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to evaluate the predictive and prognostic factors in clinical stage I, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged lung adenocarcinoma following radical surgery. Additionally, it sought to compare these factors with an external cohort of ALK wild-type patients.

METHODS
A multicentric, retrospective, case–control analysis was conducted on patients with clinical T1-2 N0 ALK-rearranged lung adenocarcinoma who underwent anatomical resection and radical lymphadenectomy. Data were collected from 5 high-volume oncological centres. An external cohort of ALK wild-type patients was also analysed for comparison. Survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan–Meier method, and multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to identify prognostic factors.

RESULTS
From January 2016 to December 2022, 63 patients with ALK-rearranged lung adenocarcinoma were included. High-grade tumours (G3) significantly associated with upstaging (odds ratio = 3.904, P = 0.04). Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival were significantly improved in upstaged patients receiving adjuvant treatment [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.18, P = 0.0042; HR = 0.24, P = 0.0004, respectively]. The solid or micropapillary histological subtypes were independently associated with worse DFS (HR = 3.41, P = 0.022). Comparison with 435 ALK wild-type patients showed worse DFS in the ALK-rearranged group (HR = 2.09, P = 0.0003). ALK-rearranged patients had higher rates of nodal upstaging, systemic and brain recurrences.

CONCLUSIONS
Clinical T1-2 N0 ALK-rearranged lung adenocarcinoma is an aggressive disease with a specific tropism for lymph nodes and the brain. High-grade tumours are predictive of nodal upstaging. Adjuvant treatment significantly improves DFS and overall survival in upstaged patients, highlighting the need for personalized preoperative staging and post-surgical management in this cohort.
Saccharomyces Genome Database: advances in genome annotation, expanded biochemical pathways, and other key enhancements
Authors: Engel Stacia R , Aleksander Suzi , Nash Robert S , Wong Edith D , Weng Shuai , Miyasato Stuart R , Sherlock Gavin , Cherry J Michael 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is the most extensively characterized eukaryotic model organism and has long been used to gain insight into the fundamentals of genetics, cellular biology, and the functions of specific genes and proteins. The Saccharomyces Genome Database (SGD) is a scientific resource that provides information about the genome and biology of S. cerevisiae. For more than 30 years, SGD has maintained the genetic nomenclature, chromosome maps, and functional annotation for budding yeast along with search and analysis tools to explore these data. Here, we describe recent updates at SGD, including the 2 most recent reference genome annotation updates, expanded biochemical pathway representation, changes to SGD search and data files, and other enhancements to the SGD website and user interface. These activities are part of our continuing effort to promote insights gained from yeast to enable the discovery of functional relationships between sequence and gene products in fungi and higher eukaryotes.
A pre- and postnatal immune challenge influences muscle growth and metabolism in weaned pigs
Authors: Dobbins Thomas W , Fuerniss Luke K , Hernandez Manuel S , Johnson Bradley J , Petry Amy L , Broadway Paul R , Burdick Sanchez Nicole C , Legako Jerrad F 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The in utero environment is key to both fetal and postnatal growth and development. The objective of this study was to determine if administration of an acute low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to gestating sows during mid to late gestation and postweaning would alter the offsprings metabolomic profile of the longissimus dorsi (LD) and muscle ultrastructure. Pregnant Camborough sows were randomly assigned to receive LPS (LPS; n = 7) at a dose of 2.5 µg/kg or saline (CON; n = 7) on 78 ± 1.8 d of gestation. At weaning (21 ± 1.3 d of age), barrows (CON n = 17; LPS n = 17) from each treatment were selected to receive a secondary LPS. Barrows were administered the secondary LPS challenge at a dose of 10 µg/kg 7 d post weaning. Twenty-four hours after the postnatal LPS dose, barrows (31 ± 1.3 d of age) were euthanized, and each LD was removed. The left LD was utilized for morphometric measurements. Two samples from the medial section of the right LD were preserved for immunohistochemical measurements and metabolomic analyses. Mass spectral data were deconvoluted, aligned, and annotated using MS-DIAL. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted using MetaboAnalyst. Pathway analysis was conducted and compared to the Homo sapiens pathway library. Morphometric and immunohistochemical measurements were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS version 9.4. Significance for all analyses was declared at P ≤ 0.05 and tendencies were considered at P ≤ 0.10. Average diameter of myosin heavy chain (MHC) type I and IIB/X fibers was increased (P ≤ 0.048) in LPS offspring compared with CON. Average cross-sectional area was increased (P = 0.030) in MHC IIB/X fibers and tended to be increased (P = 0.080) in MHC I fibers of LPS offspring. There were no differences (P = 0.186) between treatment groups for total nuclei or nuclei positive for MYF5, PAX7, or MYF5 and PAX7 nuclei. Metabolomic analyses identified 14 differentially expressed (P &lt; 0.05) metabolites in the LD between treatment groups. There were 10 metabolites within the LD that tended (P ≤ 0.096) to differ between treatment groups. Thus, this study shows that in utero immune stimulation using LPS in gestating sows and a subsequent LPS challenge postnatally alters the metabolomic profile and muscle ultrastructure of the LD in weaned pigs.
Introducing a droit de suite through NFTs in Japan: legal hurdles
Authors: Fafet Manon 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Droit de Suite (DDS), designed to offer heightened protection for artists, remains absent from Japan’s legislative framework, potentially creating disparities among creators. The implementation of DDS in Japan encounters hurdles due to its administration’s intricate nature and associated costs. Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) have emerged as a promising solution, streamlining DDS processes through token transactions and obviating the need for time-intensive identification procedures. Japanese NFT exchange platforms have already begun providing DDS services, contributing to a more efficient and equitable system. This article delves into the legal complexities of integrating NFTs into the DDS structure, examining their enforceability in Japanese courts and evaluating the efficacy of tokenization within the country. While the discussion is primarily theoretical, the paper explores the concept of DDS, scrutinizes the essence and validity of NFT technology’s cornerstone—smart contracts, and explores the nuances of NFT transfers in Japan, a pivotal element for DDS implementation.
Acceptability of single-dose HPV vaccination schedule among health-care professionals in Kenya: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Umutesi Grace , Weiner Bryan J , Oluoch Lynda , Bukusi Elizabeth , Onono Maricianah , Njoroge Betty , Mecca Lucy , Ngure Kenneth , Mugo Nelly R , Barnabas Ruanne V 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The World Health Organization recommends a single-dose human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination schedule for girls and boys to accelerate progress toward cervical cancer elimination. We applied the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability (TFA) within the context of HPV vaccination to assess the acceptability of a single-dose schedule among health-care professionals in Kenya.

Methods
A REDCap survey was developed using relevant Theoretical Framework of Acceptability domains and validated with health-care professionals. Descriptive analyses and multivariate Poisson regression were conducted to assess factors associated with increased acceptability. Free-text responses were analyzed using a rapid qualitative approach, and findings were presented using a joint display.

Results
Among 385 responses, 74.2% of health-care professionals were female and 48.6% were nurses. On average, respondents had been in their position for 60 months, and one-third (33.2%) were based at level-4 facilities. The majority (75.84%) thought that giving a single-dose of the HPV vaccine to adolescent girls and young women was either acceptable or very acceptable. Qualitative findings highlighted that lack of information was the underlying reason for health-care professionals who were resistant, and most clinicians thought that a singled-dose schedule was less burdensome to clinicians and patients. Hospital directors had a non–statistically significantly lower acceptability likelihood than nurses (incident rate ratio = 0.93, 95% confidence interval = 0.45 to 1.71) and health-care professionals at urban facilities had a non–statistically significantly lower acceptability likelihood than clinicians in rural facilities (incident rate ratio = 0.97, 95% confidence interval = 0.83 to 1.13).

Conclusion
Although not statistically significant, predictors of increased acceptability provide information to tailor strategies to increase HPV vaccination coverage and accelerate progress toward cervical cancer elimination.