bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enantioselective Synthesis of Alkyl Allyl Ethers via Palladium‐Catalyzed Redox‐Relay Heck Alkenylation of O‐Alkyl Enol Ethers
Authors: Prater Matthew B. , Sigman Matthew S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHerein we report a transformation that generates an array of enantiomerically enriched, alkyl allyl ethers. Cyclic, acyclic, and heteroatom‐bearing alkenyl triflates undergo an enantioselective, palladium‐catalyzed C−C bond formation with diverse acyclic O‐alkyl enol ethers in good yields and excellent enantioselectivities.
Association of prenatal attachment and early childhood emotional, behavioral, and developmental characteristics: A longitudinal study
Authors: Arguz Cildir Deniz , Ozbek Aylin , Topuzoglu Ahmet , Orcin Esmahan , Janbakhishov Ceren Evcen 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTThis study examines the associations between prenatal attachment and child development, socioemotional behavioral problems, and competence at early childhood. It also inquires whether maternal depression and anxiety at the prenatal period and at early childhood are associated with child outcomes. The study consisted of 83 mothers and their children. Data regarding the prenatal attachment, depression, and anxiety were collected during Weeks 28 to 40 of gestation. When the children were 21 to 31 months old, the Brief Infant and Toddler Social Emotional Assessment (BITSEA) and the Ankara Developmental Screening Inventory (ADSI) were applied to children along with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) administered to mothers. Results showed that prenatal attachment scores significantly correlated with BITSEA‐Competency subscale scores and ADSI total scores at early childhood, r(83) = 0.246, P = .025, and r(82) = 0.316, P = .004, respectively. Prenatal attachment levels were found to be the predictors of both behavioral and emotional competence and development at early childhood, b = 0.081, t(83) = 2.273, P = .014, and b = 0.281, t(83) = 3.225, P = .002, respectively. In addition, prenatal attachment was shown to be even a stronger predictor of development than was worsening maternal depression at early childhood, b = −0.319, t(83) = 2.140, P = .035. Our results indicate that fostering prenatal attachment may be beneficial for better infant outcomes at early childhood.
The My Emotions Questionnaire: A self‐report of mothers’ emotional responses to infant crying
Authors: Leerkes Esther M. , Qu Jin 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this article was to examine the psychometrics of the My Emotions Questionnaire, a self‐report designed to assess mothers’ emotional reactions when their infants cry. Participants were 240 first‐time mothers. When infants were 6 months and 1 year old, mothers completed the new questionnaire and measures assessing beliefs and behavioral responses to infant crying, and interview‐based measures of mothers’ emotional reactions and causal attributions about crying were administered. Maternal sensitivity and negative behaviors were observed when infants were 6 months and 1 and 2 years old. Mothers reported on their discipline practices when children were 2 years old. Five emotion factors emerged based on exploratory factor analysis (EFA) of the 6‐month data: Amusement, Anxiety, Frustration, Sympathy, and Protective. The five‐factor structure was supported via a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the 1‐year data. All scales demonstrated adequate internal consistency reliability and significant stability from 6 months to 1 year. Amusement, Frustration, and Protectiveness demonstrated the best convergent validity with cry cognitions and predictive validity to parenting measures, followed by Anxiety, although effects tended to be small to moderate. Evidence for the validity of Sympathy was less compelling. The potential utility of the questionnaire for basic and applied research is discussed.
Smart supercapacitors from materials to devices
Authors: Wang Rui , Yao Minjie , Niu Zhiqiang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe recent development in smart electronic devices has increased the demand for supercapacitors to integrate with other different functions. Recently, many research efforts have been made to fabricate smart components of supercapacitors and to construct them into novel device configurations. In this mini review, we summarize recent progress in smart supercapacitors with the functions of self‐healing, shape memory, electrochromism, and photodetection, including the design of electrode materials, the optimization of the configuration, and working mechanism. Furthermore, the perspective and challenges for the development of smart supercapacitors are also discussed deeply.
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Proximal and distal determinants of community resilience under threats of terror
Authors: Eshel Yohanan , Kimhi Shaul , Marciano Hadas 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCommunity resilience (CR) is a positive trajectory of adaptation of a commune after a disturbance, stress, or adversity. Previous studies have successfully predicted CR in times of stress by distal factors, such as demographic characteristics of the community members and by their psychological attributes. We submit that since all these variables are distal predictors, which are not directly related to the actual stressful condition, CR would be predicted more readily by proximal factors, which portray people's responses to the investigated adversity (i.e., trust in the community emergency team). A sample of 1,515 adults, living in terror‐stricken border communities in northern Israel has been examined. Their perceived CR has been predicted concurrently by distal and by proximal factors. Results have supported the research hypotheses, indicating the importance of proximal variables in determining and promoting CR.
What If Evaluation Takes Place Seated Around the Table Whilst Enjoying a Drink? A Social Practice View of Evaluation of Development Education
Authors: Zozimo Joana 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis article critically explores the evaluation practice of practitioners working in an English development education organization on the basis of an in‐depth longitudinal case study. Ethnographically collected data include observations, documentary analysis and 26 semi‐structured interviews with funders, practitioners and coordinators that capture what they do on a daily basis and how they attribute meaning and value to their practice of evaluation. Social practice theory locates evaluation as an everyday routinized practice. A typology of practitioners' engagement in evaluation practice reveals the importance of the reflective and socio‐relational features in evaluation in order to transform its practice into an enjoyable experience. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structural characterization of the ligstroside aglycone isoforms in virgin olive oils by liquid chromatography–high‐resolution Fourier‐transform mass spectrometry and H/Dexchange
Authors: Abbattista Ramona , Losito Ilario , De Ceglie Cristina , Basile Graziana , Calvano Cosima D. , Palmisano Francesco , Cataldi Tommaso R.I. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA systematic structural characterization of the isomeric forms related to ligstroside aglycone (LA), one of the most relevant secoiridoids contained in virgin olive oils, was performed using reverse phase liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization Fourier‐transform single and tandem mass spectrometry, operated in negative ion mode (RPLC‐ESI(−)‐FTMS and FTMS/MS). The high mass resolution and accuracy provided by the adopted orbital trap mass analyzer enabled the recognition of more than 10 different isomeric forms of LA in virgin olive oil extracts. They were related to four different types of molecular structure, two of which including a dihydropyranic ring bearing one or two aldehydic groups, whereas the others corresponded to dialdehydic open‐structure forms, differing just for the position of a C═C bond. The contemporary presence of enolic or dienolic tautomers associated to most of these compounds, stable at room temperature (23°C), was also assessed through RPLC‐ESI‐FTMS analyses operated under H/D exchange conditions, ie, by using D2O instead of H2O as co‐solvent of acetonitrile in the RPLC mobile phase. As discussed in the paper, the results obtained for LA indicated a remarkable structural similarity with oleuropein aglycone (OA), the most abundant secoiridoid of olive oil, whose isoforms had been previously characterized using the same analytical approach.
Ridge Resonance in Silicon Photonics Harnessing Bound States in the Continuum
Authors: Nguyen Thach Giang , Ren Guanghui , Schoenhardt Steffen , Knoerzer Markus , Boes Andreas , Mitchell Arnan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe theoretical analysis and experimental demonstration of a waveguide resonator are presented based on bound states in the continuum in an integrated photonic chip platform. The continuum has the form of a collimated beam of light which is confined vertically in a transverse electric (TE) mode of a silicon slab. The bound state is a discrete transverse‐magnetic (TM)‐like mode of a ridge on the silicon slab. The coupling between the slab and ridge modes results in a single sharp resonance at the wavelength where they phase match. This phenomenon is experimentally demonstrated on a silicon photonic chip using foundry‐compatible parameters and it is interfaced on‐chip to standard single‐mode silicon nanowire waveguides. The fabricated chip exhibits a single sharp resonance near 1550 nm with a line width of a few nanometers, an extinction ratio of 25 dB, and a thermal stability of 19.5 pm °C−1. It is believed that the demonstration of a resonance operating near a bound state in the continuum realized using guided wave components will form the basis of a new approach to on‐chip wavelength filtering and sensing applications.
Synthesis of Polyurethane Foam Considering Mixture Blowing Agents for Application to Cryogenic Environments
Authors: Son Young‐Moo , Kim Jeong‐Dae , Choi Sung‐Woong , Kim Jeong‐Hyeon , Her Nam Yong , Lee Jae‐Myung 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPolyurethane foams, which are among the most widely used insulating materials, are generally fabricated by the chemical reaction between isocyanate and polyol‐containing chemical additives and blowing agents. Recently, many kinds of blowing agents have been used for the fabrication process of polyurethane foam, such as hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). However, issues have continuously arisen regarding the destruction of the ozone layer due to these compounds. In the present study, polyurethane foams are manufactured using a mixture of water blowing agents and hydrofluorocarbons (HFC‐365mfc). These samples are subjected to mechanical tests to investigate the effects of the blowing agents on the mechanical properties of the polyurethane foam within a temperature range of 25 to −163 °C. In addition, thermal and microstructural investigations are conducted depending on the content of the HFC‐365mfc. From the scanning electron microscopy observations, the sizes of the structure cells and the windows are found to decrease with the increase in HFC‐365mfc content. In addition, from the Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy observations, the chemical bonds that affect mechanical performance are found to be more distributed with the increase in HFC‐365mfc content.
Local residents’ perception about tourism and foreign residents: A Spanish case study
Authors: González Reyes , Gascó Jose , Llopis Juan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIt is important to learn about local residents’ perceptions in relation to tourism and the presence of tourists who eventually become foreign residents, since tourism development is bound to have consequences of an economic, sociocultural, and environmental nature. This paper has collected quantitative as well as qualitative information to analyze those effects in the case of a tourism destination located on Costa Blanca (Spain). The impact of tourism development is additionally associated with local residents’ satisfaction with their municipality. According to the conclusion reached, a connection exists between that satisfaction amongst local residents and the availability of new business opportunities, the development, and maintenance of good relationships between local residents, foreign residents and tourists, and the international atmosphere that arises as a result.
Responsive Ionogel Surface with Renewable Antibiofouling Properties
Authors: Ye Lijun , Chen Fei , Liu Jie , Gao Aiting , Kircher Gunnar , Liu Wendong , Kappl Michael , Wegner Seraphine , Butt Hans‐Jürgen , Steffen Werner 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe synthesis of ionogels with a responsive, self‐replenishing surface for combating biofouling is described. Ionogels are prepared by infiltrating poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) with binary mixtures of ionic liquids (IL): 1‐octadecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl)imide ([C18C1im][NTf2], melting point Tm = 55 °C) and 1‐hexyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl)imide ([C6C1im][NTf2], Tm = −9 °C). The IL mixtures release spontaneously from the gel matrix and eventually crystallize on the surface. This leads to self‐replenishment of the surface of ionogels even after mechanical damage. The incorporation of [C6C1im][NTf2] provides the antimicrobial efficacy of ionogels while the crystals of [C18C1im][NTf2] serve as a skeleton maintaining [C6C1im][NTf2] on the surface. By heating, the ionogel surface transforms from solid to liquid‐infused state—the removal of biofilms/bacteria developed under a long time of colonization is facilitated. The antimicrobial efficacy is maintained even after several cycles of biofilm formation and detachment. This work provides an opportunity to apply ionogels as functional coatings with renewable antibiofouling properties.
A novel stacked patch antenna with dual band and diverse pattern characteristics
Authors: Yu Junnan , Sun Yufa , Fang Hongyu , Li Fan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA dual‐band patch antenna with diverse radiation patterns is presented in this paper. Circular patch and turnstile‐shaped patch are placed up and down to obtain dual band characteristic. Two surface current loops on the circular patch and turnstile‐shaped patch work like equivalent magnetic dipole. Four rectangle slots and four PIN diodes are loaded on the circular patch to readjust the surface current. Due to the changed current path, an equivalent electric dipole is introduced and two dipoles with phase difference of 180° are combined with each other to achieve directional radiation pattern. By switching the states of the diode to control the connection states of the rectangle slot on the circular patch, then a dual‐band antenna with diverse patterns is designed. The measured results show that the overlapping bandwidths of lower band f1 is 2.9% (2.42‐2.49 GHz) and over 2.9 dBi gain, the overlapping bandwidths of upper band f2 is 2.0% (4.87‐4.97 GHz) and over 4.8 dBi gain. The measured patterns of f1 show that the proposed antenna can not only omnidirectional radiation but also directional radiation with a scan angle of 90°. Meanwhile, the measured patterns of f2 remain omnidirectional radiation.
MRIgRT dynamic lung motion thorax anthropomorphic QA phantom: Design, development, reproducibility, and feasibility study
Authors: Steinmann A. , Alvarez P. , Lee H. , Court L. , Stafford R. , Sawakuchi G. , Wen Z. , Fuller C. , Followill D. 
Published: September 2019

PurposeTo design, manufacture, and evaluate a dynamic magnetic resonance imaging/computed tomography (MRI/CT)‐compatible anthropomorphic thorax phantom used to credential MR image‐guided radiotherapy (MRIgRT) systems participating in NCI‐sponsored clinical trials.MethodThe dynamic anthropomorphic thorax phantom was constructed from a water‐fillable acrylic shell that contained several internal structures representing radiation‐sensitive organs within the thoracic region. A custom MR/CT visible cylindrical insert was designed to simulate the left lung with a centrally located tumor target. The surrounding lung tissue was constructed from a heterogeneous in‐house mixture using petroleum jelly and miniature (2–4 mm diameter) styrofoam balls and the tumor structure was manufactured from liquid PVC plastic. An MR conditional pneumatic system was developed to allow the MRIgRT insert to move in similar inhale/exhale motions. TLDs and radiochromic EBT3 film were inserted into the phantom to measure absolute point doses and dose distributions, respectively. The dynamic MRIgRT thorax phantom was evaluated through a reproducibility study and a feasibility study. Comprehensive end‐to‐end examinations were done where the phantom was imaged on a CT, an IMRT treatment plan was created and an MR image was captured to verify treatment setup. Then, the phantom was treated on an MRIgRT system. The reproducibility study evaluated how well the phantom could be reproduced in an MRIgRT system by irradiating three times on an Elekta’s 1.5 T Unity system. The phantom was shipped to three independent institutions and was irradiated on either an MRIdian cobalt‐60 (60Co) or an MRIdian linear accelerator system. Treatment evaluations used TLDs and radiochromic film to compare the planned treatment reported on the treatment planning software against the measured dose on the dosimeters.ResultsThe phantom on the Unity system had reproducible TLD doses measurements (SD < 1.5%). The measured TLD to calculated dose ratios from the reproducibility and feasibility studies ranged from 0.93 to 1.01 and 0.96 to 1.03, respectively. Using a 7%/5 mm gamma analysis criteria, the reproducibility and feasibility studies resulted in an average passing rate of 93.3% and 96.8%, respectively. No difference was noted in the results between the MRIdian 60Co and MRIdian 6 MV linac delivery to the phantom and all treatment evaluations were within IROC‐Houston’s acceptable criterion.ConclusionsA dosimetrically tissue equivalent, CT/MR visible, motion‐enabled anthropomorphic MRIgRT thorax phantom was constructed to simulate a lung cancer patient and was evaluated as an appropriate NIH credentialing tool used for MRIgRT systems.
Weight gain prevention content delivered to mothers: Lessons from an intervention embedded in a community organization
Authors: Tabak Rachel G. , Morshed Alexandra B. , Schwarz Cynthia D. , Haire‐Joshu Debra 
Published: September 2019

SummaryBackgroundTransparent reporting of the intervention content study participants receive is particularly important for dissemination and implementation of evidence‐based interventions to address obesity. This study explores intervention delivery and perceptions of content when an intervention is embedded within an organization's usual practice and associations with weight outcomes.MethodsThis is a secondary analysis from the Healthy Eating and Active Living Taught at Home (HEALTH) randomized trial. HEALTH is a weight gain prevention intervention embedded within a national home visiting programme (Parents as Teachers, PAT). To be consistent with PAT practice, HEALTH has a suggested but also flexible home visit structure. Therefore, the number and frequency of home visits are determined by the family's needs and preferences based on the parent educator's professional judgement. The proportion of participants who received each curriculum core lesson was explored among the 105 families randomized to the HEALTH intervention group, as were mean parent educator perception ratings of the visits (5‐point Likert‐type scale). A chi‐square test was used to examine the association between utilization (ie, low: 1‐6, middle: 7‐12, or high: 13‐18 visits) category and weight maintenance.ResultsMothers received on average 13.3 (standard deviation 6.2) core visits. Mean parent educator perception of the mothers' response (out of 5) ranged from 3.99 to 4.27; educators' perception of their own experience with the lesson ranged from 4.13 to 4.34. Among mothers who maintained their weight, 13% were low, 22% were middle, and 65% were high utilizers, while among mothers who gained weight, 3%, 31%, and 67% were low, middle, and high utilizers, respectively; this difference was not statistically significant.ConclusionsThis study identified wide variation in the visits families received from the curriculum but minimal variation in visit perceptions. Future studies could explore whether there are optimal patterns for visit content, associated with successful outcomes.
The use of image fusion in prenatal medicine
Authors: Millischer Anne‐Elodie , Brasseur‐Daudruy Marie , Mahallati Houman , Salomon Laurent J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFusion imaging (FI), the simultaneous display of the same anatomical region using two imaging modalities, has been used in other areas of medicine for both diagnosis and guiding interventions. Examples include positron emission tomography‐computed tomography (PET‐CT) imaging in oncology and ultrasound‐magnetic resonance imaging (US‐MRI) fusion in biopsies of the prostate gland. The underlying principle is to take advantage of the complementary information in each modality to improve accuracy, be it diagnostic accuracy or targeting accuracy in biopsies. For example, PET‐CT overlays the metabolic activity of lesions on the superb spatial and anatomical detail of CT.While the historical mainstay of fetal imaging has been ultrasound, advances in ultrafast MR imaging together with advances in fetal MRI over the past two decades, have resulted in the opportunity to explore fusion imaging in fetal medicine. We present an overview of the principles of US‐MRI fusion imaging in prenatal medicine, report our local experience, and review the literature in this emerging area. We share our perspective on how FI can improve diagnostic confidence, be used as an educational tool, and potentially enhance guidance in certain fetal procedures.
L‐TRUST: Long‐term risk of cancer in patients under statins therapy. A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Craveiro Nuno Sales , Silva Lopes Bruno , Tomás Lara , Fraga Almeida Sofia , Palma Helena , Afreixo Vera , Costa Matos Luís 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIntroductionStatins are widely prescribed drugs with established efficacy in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events. Although they are mostly well tolerated, several authors have been emphasizing that the statins' safety profile is not totally clarified especially when considering risk of cancer in patients with long‐term exposure to statins. This meta‐analysis was aimed at evaluating the risk of cancer in patients with prolonged exposure to statins.MethodsMedline, Cochrane library, and clinicaltrials.gov were searched in order to identify studies with a minimum average follow‐up of 10 years of exposure to statins and a cancer‐related outcome reported. Relative risk (RR) of the primary outcomes and the combined effect was presented using a random‐effects model. In the selected randomized control trials (RCT), statin exposure was compared with placebo, and in the selected observational studies, it was compared with no exposure to statins.ResultsWe retrieved 1627 studies, of which 15 full‐papers were included for final review, five RCT, two cohort studies (CSs), and eight case‐control studies (CCs), representing a total of 358 544 patients. Five RCT, two cohort studies (CSs), and eight case‐control studies (CCs). No significant differences were found regarding risk of cancer occurrence (RR = 1.08, 0.96‐1.21) or cancer mortality (RR = 0.91, 0.80‐1.04) due to long‐term statin exposure. Regarding all‐cause mortality, a protective effect was found (RR = 0.93, 0.90‐0.97).ConclusionsAccording to available and published evidence, statins are not associated with an increased risk of cancer after prolonged exposure. These findings strengthen the role of statins in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events.