bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Multi-messenger Matrix: The Future of Neutron Star Merger Constraints on the Nuclear Equation of State
Authors: Margalit Ben , Metzger Brian D. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The electromagnetic (EM) signal of a binary neutron star (BNS) merger depends sensitively on the total binary mass, M
tot, relative to various threshold masses set by the neutron star (NS) equation of state (EOS), parameterized through the neutron star (NS) maximum mass, M
TOV, and characteristic radius, R
1.6. EM observations of a BNS merger detected through its gravitational-wave (GW) emission, which are of sufficient quality to ascertain the identity of the merger remnant, can therefore constrain the values of M
TOV and R
1.6, given the tight connection between M
tot and the well-measured chirp mass. We elucidate the present and future landscape of EOS constraints from BNS mergers, introducing the “Multi-Messenger Matrix,” a mapping between GW and EM measurables that defines the ranges of event chirp masses that provide the most leverage on constraining the EOS. By simulating a population of BNS mergers drawn from the Galactic double NS mass distribution we show that ∼10 joint detections can constrain M
TOV and R
1.6 to several percent level where systematic uncertainties may become significant. Current EOS constraints imply that most mergers will produce supramassive or hypermassive remnants, a smaller minority (possibly zero) will undergo prompt collapse, while at most only a few percent of events will form indefinitely stable NSs. In support of the envisioned program, we advocate in favor of Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO)/Virgo releasing chirp mass estimates as early as possible to the scientific community, enabling observational resources to be allocated in the most efficient way to maximize the scientific gain from multi-messenger discoveries.
Paix armée et approche transactionnelle : quelle politique de défense américaine sous Donald Trump ?
Authors: Le Chaffotec Boris 
Published: July 2019

Résumé L'élection de Donald Trump à la présidence des États-Unis constitue un événement politique et stratégique majeur. Les premières annonces et décisions de politique étrangère et de politique de défense semblent, en effet, remettre en cause certains principes ayant guidé la stratégie internationale américaine depuis la fin de la seconde guerre mondiale. Le président a ainsi ordonné à son administration de mener une revue stratégique et capacitaire globale visant à créer les conditions nécessaires à l'établissement d'une « paix armée ». Néanmoins, l'imprécision de sa vision stratégique et les interrogations sur sa capacité à imposer sa volonté politique au sein du gouvernement fédéral américain entraînent nombre d'incertitudes sur la concrétisation de celle-ci. Cet article analyse les fondements de la vision stratégique de Donald Trump, son impact sur la posture internationale des États-Unis et ses conséquences pour la stratégie de défense américaine.
La Force conjointe du G5 Sahel ou l'émergence d'une architecture de défense collective propre au Sahel
Authors: Desgrais Nicolas 
Published: July 2019

Résumé L'annonce officielle du déploiement de la Force conjointe du G5 Sahel (FC-G5S), le 2 juillet 2017, à Bamako, en présence du président de la République française, est une étape importante dans le cadre de la lutte contre le terrorisme au Sahel et souligne la vitalité de la coopération militaire entre les pays sahéliens, ainsi qu'avec leurs partenaires stratégiques. Si la création de la FC-G5S est un moyen de pérenniser des mécanismes militaires préexistants en les arrimant à une organisation intergouvernementale qui a réussi à s'imposer dans un environnement institutionnel très dense, ce nouveau dispositif reste pour autant fort ambitieux au regard des contraintes matérielles, humaines et financières que rencontrent les armées nationales qui le composent. La FC-G5S, dont la montée en puissance ne manquera pas d'être périlleuse, présage néanmoins de l'émergence d'une véritable architecture de défense collective propre au Sahel.
La politique indo-pacifique de New Delhi, partenaire stratégique de la France
Authors: Levaillant Mélissa 
Published: July 2019

Résumé Cet article dresse un panorama synthétique de la stratégie maritime indienne et des moyens militaires et diplomatiques mis en uvre par New Delhi en Indo-Pacifique. La présence militaire croissante de la Chine en Indo-Pacifique et le partenariat de défense sino-pakistanais ont modifié l'équilibre des puissances dans la région, renforçant l'importance stratégique de cette zone pour New Delhi. Depuis une dizaine d'années, la politique maritime de l'Inde est caractérisée par la modernisation de ses moyens militaires et la mise en place par le gouvernement de Narendra Modi d'une diplomatie maritime proactive. Cette diplomatie est fondée sur l'établissement de partenariats bilatéraux et plurilatéraux sélectifs, dont bénéficie la France.
Aortic root and valve proportions: an example of the golden ratio?
Authors: Koshkelashvili Nikoloz , Jalife Bucay Mauricio , Goykhman Igor , Pressman Gregg S. 
Published: July 2019

Calcific aortic stenosis is the most common lesion requiring valve replacement. Transcutaneous procedures (TAVR) are rapidly increasing yet detailed information on aortic valve and root anatomy are sparse. This study examined gated cardiac CT scans to make observations regarding the size and proportions of the valve leaflets, sinuses of Valsalva, and sinotubular junction. One hundred and fifty gated cardiac CT scans were performed for a variety of clinical indications. Area of each cusp (short axis plane) was measured along with sinus height (from leaflet base to sinotubular junction), sinus width (from central coaptation point to outer sinus edge), annular perimeter, perimeter at mid-sinus level, and perimeter at the sinotubular junction. The right coronary cusp was largest, the left cusp smallest, and the non-coronary cusp intermediate in size. Each cusp was larger in men than women, even after indexing for body surface area. By contrast, indexed sinus width and height did not differ between genders. No significant differences were noted between races. Annular perimeter did not vary by age while the mid-sinus perimeter and sinotubular junction perimeter increased with age (p=0.01, r2 =0.05 and p=0.002, r2 =0.07). Interestingly, the ratio of sinus height (average): annular radius was 1.69±0.18, very close to the “golden ratio” of 1.62 found throughout the natural world. This might be important for proper vortex formation in the sinuses.
A National Survey of Learning Activities and Instructional Strategies Used to Teach Occupation: Implications for Signature Pedagogies
Authors: Krishnagiri Sheama , Hooper Barb , Price Pollie , Taff Steven D. , Bilics Andrea 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Importance: Occupational therapy practitioners’ professional identities and distinctive contributions to health care connect essentially to their knowledge of occupation. Thus, the strategies educators use to convey occupation to students and the perspectives embedded in those strategies are critical topics for researchers.
Objective: To generalize findings from a previous qualitative study of how educators in 25 U.S. occupational therapy assistant and occupational therapy programs addressed occupation to a national sample of educators.
Design: As part of an exploratory sequential design, a national survey of U.S. occupational therapy and occupational therapy assistant educators explored activities and strategies used to teach occupation. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Setting: An online survey about educators’ practices in the academic education setting.
Participants: Occupational therapy and occupational therapy assistant educators (N = 1,590) from all programs in the United States. Of these, 634 returned surveys, 315 of which were complete and included in the analysis, for an overall response rate of 19.8%.
Results: Respondents identified similar learning activities and instructional strategies as those identified in the qualitative phase of the design. Most instruction was active and experiential, requiring students to integrate various skills and content areas. Definitions of occupation, as a basis for teaching, varied.
Conclusions and Relevance: The combined survey and qualitative results offered initial empirical support for occupational therapy’s proposed signature pedagogies and the importance of attending to the deep and implicit structures within those pedagogies. Such structures are believed to support students’ formation of a professional identity and an occupational perspective.
What This Article Adds: This study provides evidence for the instructional strategies that educators use to convey knowledge of occupation to students. The predominant strategies support proposed signature pedagogies in occupational therapy: relational learning, affective learning, and highly contextualized active learning.
Modelling northern peatland area and carbon dynamics since the Holocene with the ORCHIDEE-PEAT land surface model (SVN r5488)
Authors: Qiu Chunjing , Zhu Dan , Ciais Philippe , Guenet Bertrand , Peng Shushi , Krinner Gerhard , Tootchi Ardalan , Ducharne Agnès , Hastie Adam 
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The importance of northern peatlands in the global carbon cycle has been
recognized, especially for long-term changes. Yet, the complex interactions
between climate and peatland hydrology, carbon storage, and area dynamics
make it challenging to represent these systems in land surface models. This
study describes how peatlands are included as an independent sub-grid
hydrological soil unit (HSU) in the ORCHIDEE-MICT land surface model. The
peatland soil column in this tile is characterized by multilayered vertical
water and carbon transport and peat-specific hydrological properties. The
cost-efficient version of TOPMODEL and the scheme of peatland initiation and
development from the DYPTOP model are implemented and adjusted to simulate
spatial and temporal dynamics of peatland. The model is tested across a
range of northern peatland sites and for gridded simulations over the
Northern Hemisphere (>30∘ N). Simulated northern
peatland area (3.9 million km2), peat carbon stock (463 Pg C), and peat
depth are generally consistent with observed estimates of peatland area (3.4–4.0 million km2), peat carbon (270–540 Pg C), and data compilations
of peat core depths. Our results show that both net primary production (NPP)
and heterotrophic respiration (HR) of northern peatlands increased over the
past century in response to CO2 and climate change. NPP increased more
rapidly than HR, and thus net ecosystem production (NEP) exhibited a
positive trend, contributing a cumulative carbon storage of 11.13 Pg C since
1901, most of it being realized after the 1950s.
A Source for Ralph Waldo Emerson's “Terminus” in William Henry Furness's “To Columbus Dying”
Authors: Dunston Susan Lee 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
William Henry Furness's translation of Danish writer Adam Oehlenschläger's verses “To Columbus Dying” has not been considered as a source for Ralph Waldo Emerson's poem “Terminus.” However, in an 1844 letter to Emerson, two years before the 1846 journal passage that scholars have cited as the earliest formulation of “Terminus,” Furness shared his translation with Emerson. Using the collection of letters between Furness and Emerson published by Furness's son, Records of Lifelong Friendship, 1807–1882, this article argues for the influential importance of Furness's verses to the composition of “Terminus” based on Furness's and Emerson's intimate discussions of aging, mortality, the loss of sons and other family members, and the restorative powers of poetry and friendship; on the significance to both men of Columbus as a figure, ultimately transfigured by Emerson as a “Columbia of thought & art”; and, on close comparison of the two poems, for Furness's work serving as a foil and impetus for Emerson's.
“Twilight Is Their Child”: Uncollected Poems, Letters, and a Short Story by Paul Laurence Dunbar
Authors: Turpin Zachary 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Widely considered the first major black American poet, Paul Laurence Dunbar dedicated his short life to writing on both sides of the color line. He was a prolific author of traditional verse and prose, much of it about the post-Reconstruction lives of African Americans, but it was his black dialect poetry that made Dunbar a household name at the turn of the century, especially among white readers. A sensitive portraitist of black life, Dunbar left a legacy that is nevertheless complicated by his occasional use of minstrelsy, his criticisms of his own race, and his competing commitments to white readers and black culture. The following uncollected works, reprinted here for the first time, exemplify these not-entirely-reconcilable sides of Dunbar even as they strengthen his reputation as an advocate for African Americans at the turn of the century. Dunbar's life and works resolutely refuse pigeonholing; with these recent recoveries at their disposal, readers may continue to approach Dunbar as a complicated but culturally central American artist.
Thorns into Gold: Contemporary Jewish American Responses to Antisemitism in Traditional Fairy Tales
Authors: Schanoes Veronica 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This essay considers the responses of Jewish writers to the antisemitic fairy tale “The Jew in the Thornbush,” as well as to readings that locate antisemitism in “Rumpelstiltskin,” by analyzing four contemporary stories by Jewish writers Naomi Novik, Veronica Schanoes, and Jane Yolen. Jewish writers are able to destabilize the dominant paradigm of the Grimms’ fairy tales by demonstrating its cultural specificity. I argue that the tension that is thereby generated enacts the ambiguity characteristic of American Jewish identities, using the impetus of exclusion to fashion a response that casts the genre itself in a new light.
PARRESÍA E CINISMO COMO MODO DE VIDA: FOUCAULT E A AÇÃO POLÍTICA
Authors: Corrêa Sergio Fernando M. 
Published: July 2019

Este artigo busca analisar as relações e tensões entre parresía política e parresía cínica que Michel Foucault apresenta nos últimos cursos no Collège de France, a saber, Le gouvernement de soi et des autres e La courage de la vérité de 1983 e 1984. Partimos de duas noções de política em Foucault: política como estratégia de governamentalidade e política como resistência e insurreição. O texto se empenha em problematizar as formas institucionais de participação política e traz como hipótese principal que a forma de vida cínica pode oferecer um conteúdo importante para a ação política. A forma de vida cínica passa pela valorização da corporeidade, pela vida simples e desapegada e pelo distanciamento dos costumes culturais e políticos. A partir dessa descrição do cinismo pleiteamos uma ampliação da comunidade moral e política.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Parresía. Cinismo, Democracia. Ação Política. Modo de Vida. ABSTRACTThis paper seeks to analyze the relations and tensions between political parrhesia and cynical parrhesia that Michel Foucault presents in his last years at the Collège de France, namely, Le gouvernement de soi et des autres de 1883 and La courage de la vérité de 1984. We start from two notions of politics in Foucault: politics as strategy of governmentality and politics as resistance and insurrection. The text tries to problematize the institutional forms of political participation and he brings as the main hypothesis that the cynical way of life can offer important content for political action. The cynical way of life goes through the valuation of corporeality, the simple and detached life and the distancing of cultural and political mores. From this description of cynicism, we plead for an expansion of the moral and political community.KEYWORDS: Parrhesia. Cynicism. Democracy. Political Action. Way of life.
O CONCEITO DE PERSONALIZAÇÃO DE LIPOVETSKY COMO CHAVE PARA ENTENDER A NOÇÃO DE PÓS-VERDADE
Authors: Veliq Fabiano 
Published: July 2019

O presente artigo tem em vista analisar a proposta de Gilles Lipovetsky que caracteriza a nossa época como hipermoderna a partir do processo de personalização. Procuramos evidenciar que tal processo de personalização conduz a um individualismo que se manifesta de forma nítida em uma dinâmica consumista interferindo na relação do sujeito com a sociedade e ao mesmo tempo procuramos evidenciar em que medida a pós-verdade é uma consequência direta desse processo. Para tal objetivo iniciamos com o tema do individualismo e como ele foi proposto por Louis Dumont; em seguida analisamos como o termo para caracterizar a nossa época se torna em si uma questão problemática a partir da visão de diversos autores, para depois focarmos no conceito de personalização formulado por Gilles Lipovetsky e tentar compreender em que medida esse processo conduz à noção de pós-verdade e ao mesmo tempo pensar a tarefa da filosofia diante desse cenário.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Personalização. Individualismo. Hipermodernidade. Pós-verdade. ABSTRACTThe present article aims to analyze the proposal of Gilles Lipovetsky that characterizes our time as the hypermodern era from the process of personalization. We try to show in this article that this process of personalization leads to an individualism that manifests itself clearly in a consumerist dynamic interfering in the relation of the subject with the society and at the same time we try to evidence to what extent the post-truth is a direct consequence of this process . For this purpose we began with the theme of individualism and as it was proposed by Louis Dumont, then we analyze how the term to characterize our age becomes a problematic issue from the perspective of several authors and then focus on the concept of personalization formulated by Gilles Lipovetsky to try to understand to what extent this process leads to the notion of post-truth and at the same time to think the task of philosophy before this scenario.KEYWORDS: Personalization, Individualism, Hypermodernity. Pos-Truth.
MARXISMO, SUJEITO E SUBJETIVIDADE. NEGRI DIANTE DO ANTI-HUMANISMO ALTHUSSERIANO
Authors: Pirola Émerson 
Published: July 2019

Um debate de longa data no interior do marxismo é o entre perspectivas que tenderiam para uma leitura da obra marxiana centrada nas análises sobre a constituição de sujeitos políticos de e em luta, na constituição de uma classe social revolucionária que enfrente a exploração capitalista, e perspectivas centradas nas transformações do capitalismo ou nas dinâmicas estruturais da economia. Podemos dizer, esquematicamente, que as primeiras perspectivas são “subjetivistas” e as segundas “objetivistas”. Nos anos 1960 esse debate se viu determinado pela chamada polêmica do anti-humanismo, lançada por Louis Althusser contra o marxismo por ele criticado como humanista, visto que advogaria por uma noção de Sujeito idealista e abstrata, descolada dos processos estruturais da economia política capitalista. Antonio Negri, por sua vez, deu e dá grande importância para a noção de subjetividade na análise crítica e enfrentamento do capitalismo. Negri, entretanto, não ignora as críticas efetuadas por Althusser ao chamado humanismo, tomando-as como pré-requisito para o desenvolvimento original de sua teoria. Mostramos, portanto, como Althusser desenvolve suas críticas do Sujeito e do humanismo para então desenvolver as posições de Negri diante destas, a construção de sua própria teoria da subjetividade, resgatada do Marx dos Grundrisse, e apontar as limitações do pensamento althusseriano no que concerne à subjetividade.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Sujeito. Anti-humanismo. Subjetividade. Negri. Althusser. ABSTRACTA long-standing debate within Marxism is the one between perspectives that would tend towards a reading of the Marxian work centered on analyzes of the constitution of political subjects in and in class struggle, the constitution of a revolutionary social class facing capitalist exploitation, and perspectives centered on the transformations of capitalism or the structural dynamics of the economy in general. We can say, schematically, that the first perspective are "subjectivist" and the second one "objectivist". In the 1960s this debate was determined by Louis Althusser's so-called polemic of anti-humanism, in which he criticized certain Marxism as an humanism, since it would advocate for an idealist and abstract notion of subject detached from the structural processes of capitalist political economy. Antonio Negri, in turn, gave and gives great importance to the notion of subjectivity in the dynamics and confrontation of capitalism. Negri, however, does not ignore the criticisms made by Althusser of the humanism, taking them as a prerequisite for the original development of his theory. We thus show how Althusser develops his criticisms of the Subject and humanism to develop Negri's positions for and against them, the construction of his own theory of subjectivity, rescued from Marx’s Grundrisse, and we point out the limitations of Althusser's thought as regards subjectivity.KEYWORDS: Subject. Antihumanism. Subjeticvity. Negri. Althusser.
FREUD E A FILOSOFIA: INCIDÊNCIAS DE FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE
Authors: Santos Wellington , Ulhoa João Lucas Santos 
Published: July 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo uma investigação de possíveis atravessamentos da filosofia de Friedrich Nietzsche na psicanálise de Sigmund Freud. Esclarece, em primeiro lugar, a controversa relação de Freud com a filosofia de maneira geral, ressaltando uma postura inicial de entusiasmo por este campo do saber, depois de recusa e afastamento aparentemente intencional. Entende que este distanciamento é um posicionamento político por parte de Freud para evitar demasiadas influências externas na formulação de sua teoria. Depois, destaca as menções a Nietzsche encontradas ao longo da obra freudiana e, por fim, examina as incidências do filósofo que poderiam ser encontradas na psicanálise. Através desta análise percebe-se como Freud, apesar de declarar não conhecer a obra de Nietzsche, demonstra leitura e conhecimento dela. Conclui destacando que o conceito freudiano de inconsciente e o de Além-do-homem nietzschiano, aqui eleitos como conceitos-chave para pensar esses atravessamentos, marcam pontos privilegiados de convergência e divergência para ambos os autores.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Psicanálise. Filosofia. Consciente. Inconsciente. Além-do-homem. ABSTRACTThe present article aims at an investigation of possible incidence of Friedrich Nietzsche's philosophy in Sigmund Freud's psychoanalysis. It clarifies, firstly, Freud's controversial relationship with philosophy in general, emphasizing an initial posture of enthusiasm for this field of knowledge, and then apparently an intentional refusal and withdrawal from it. It understands that Freud`s detachment is a political position on his part to avoid too many outside influences in the formulation of his theory. It then highlights the references to Nietzsche found throughout the Freudian work and, finally, examines the incidences of the philosopher that could be found in psychoanalysis. It concludes by pointing out that the Freudian concept of the unconscious and that of the Nietzschean Übermensch, here as key concepts for thinking about these intersections, mark privileged points of convergence and divergence for both authors.KEYWORDS: Psychoanalysis, Philosophy. Conscious. Inconscious. Übermensch.