bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Taming of Redox‐Labile Phosphidotitanocene Cations
Authors: Normand Adrien T. , Bonnin Quentin , Brandès Stéphane , Richard Philippe , Fleurat‐Lessard Paul , Devillers Charles H. , Balan Cédric , Le Gendre Pierre , Kehr Gerald , Erker Gerhard 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTame d0 phosphidotitanocene cations stabilized with a pendant tertiary phosphane arm are reported. These compounds were obtained by one‐electron oxidation of d1 precursors with [Cp2Fe][BPh4]. The electronic structure of these compounds was studied experimentally (EPR, UV/Vis, and NMR spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction analysis) and through DFT calculations. The theoretical analysis of the bonding situation by using the electron localization function (ELF) shows the presence of π‐interactions between the phosphido ligand and Ti in the d0 complexes, whereas dπ–pπ repulsion prevents such interactions in the d1 complexes. In addition, CH–π interactions were observed in several complexes, both in solution and in the solid state, between the phosphido ligand and the phosphane arm. The d0 complexes were found to be light sensitive, and decompose through Ti−P bond homolysis to give TiIII species. A naked d0 phosphidotitanocene cation has been trapped by reaction with diphenylacetylene, yielding a Ti/P frustrated Lewis pair (FLP), which was found to be less reactive than a previously reported Zr analog.
Deliqueszenz und Effloreszenz hygroskopischer Salzpartikeln in Partikel‐Wand‐ und Partikel‐Partikel‐Kontakten
Authors: Horst David , Zhang Qian , Schmidt Eberhard 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBei der Staubabscheidung mit Oberflächenfiltern sind die Haftbindungen an Partikelkontakten von großer Bedeutung. Die Deliqueszenz und Effloreszenz hygroskopischer Salzpartikeln kann die Haftbindungen an Partikelkontakten mit solchen Salzpartikeln signifikant beeinflussen. Zur Untersuchung dieser Phänomene wurden daher verschiedene Arten von Partikelkontakten durch Abscheidung von Salzaerosolen auf filternden Kollektoren erzeugt und anschließend in der Kammer eines Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope während der feuchteinduzierten Deliqueszenz und Effloreszenz observiert.
Design and implementing Big Data system for cardiovascular data
Authors: Tung Nguyen Thanh , Duc Nguyen Huu 
Published: December 2018

SummaryThus far, medical data have been used to serve the need of people's healthcare. In some countries, in recent years, a lot of hospitals have altered the conventional paper medical records into electronic health records. The data in these records grow continuously in real time, which generates a large number of medical data available for physicians, researchers, and patients in need. Systems of electronic health records share a common feature that they are all constituted from open sources for Big Data with distributed structure in order to collect, store, exploit, and use medical data to track down, prevent, treat human's diseases, and even forecast dangerous epidemics.
Task‐Specific Catalyst Development for Lignin‐First Biorefinery toward Hemicellulose Retention or Feedstock Extension
Authors: Qiu Shi , Guo Xuan , Huang Yong , Fang Yunming , Tan Tianwei 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA catalytic reductive fractionation method for lignocellulosic biomass, termed lignin‐first biorefinery, has emerged, which emphasises preferential depolymerization of the protolignin. However, in most studies, the lignin‐first biorefinery is only effective for hardwood that has a high syringyl/guaiacol (S/G) ratio of lignin building blocks, and the degradation of hemicellulose also takes place simultaneously to a certain degree. In this study, two task‐specific catalysts were developed to realize hemicellulose retention and feedstock extension through the development of an objective performance–structure relationship. It is found that MoxC/carbon nanotube (CNT) is highly selective in the cleavage of bonds between carbohydrates and lignin and ether bonds in lignin during the catalytic reductive fractionation of hardwood, leading to a carbohydrate (both cellulose and hemicellulose) retention degree in the solid product close to the theoretical maximum and a delignification degree as high as 98.1 %. Ru/CMK‐3 is demonstrated to be effective in the catalytic reductive fractionation of softwood and grass, resulting from its weak acidity and high mesoporosity.
Automatic Classification of Label‐Free Cells from Small Cell Lung Cancer and Poorly Differentiated Lung Adenocarcinoma with 2D Light Scattering Static Cytometry and Machine Learning
Authors: Wei Haifeng , Xie Linyan , Liu Qiao , Shao Changshun , Wang Ximing , Su Xuantao 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC) needs to be classified from poorly differentiated lung adenocarcinoma (PDLAC) for appropriate treatment of lung cancer patients. Currently, the classification is achieved by experienced clinicians, radiologists and pathologists based on subjective and qualitative analysis of imaging, cytological and immunohistochemical (IHC) features. Label‐free classification of lung cancer cell lines is developed here by using two‐dimensional (2D) light scattering static cytometric technique. Measurements of scattered light at forward scattering (FSC) and side scattering (SSC) by using conventional cytometry show that SCLC cells are overlapped with PDLAC cells. However, our 2D light scattering static cytometer reveals remarkable differences between the 2D light scattering patterns of SCLC cell lines (H209 and H69) and PDLAC cell line (SK‐LU‐1). By adopting support vector machine (SVM) classifier with leave‐one‐out cross‐validation (LOO‐CV), SCLC and PDLAC cells are automatically classified with an accuracy of 99.87%. Our label‐free 2D light scattering static cytometer may serve as a new, accurate, and easy‐to‐use method for the automatic classification of SCLC and PDLAC cells. © 2018 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Monitoring eating and activity: Links with disordered eating, compulsive exercise, and general wellbeing among young adults
Authors: Plateau Carolyn R. , Bone Sarah , Lanning Emily , Meyer Caroline 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the relationships between the use of food intake and activity monitoring tools with compulsive exercise, eating psychopathology, and psychological wellbeing.MethodParticipants (N = 352; mean age 21.90 years) indicated their use of activity and food intake monitoring tools, and completed the Compulsive Exercise Test (CET), Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire (EDE‐Q), and the Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS).ResultsUsers of monitoring tools reported significantly higher CET and EDE‐Q scores than nonusers. Positive associations were detected between the frequency of activity monitoring tool use with CET and EDE‐Q scores. Participants who reported using monitoring tools primarily to manage weight and shape reported higher levels of eating and compulsive exercise psychopathology than those who reported using tools to improve health and fitness.DiscussionFeatures of compulsive exercise and eating psychopathology are elevated among users of food intake and activity monitoring tools; and particularly among those who report using the tools for weight and shape purposes. Longitudinal and experimental research is needed to further our understanding of these observed associations, and specifically to explore the prospective relationships between monitoring tool use, eating psychopathology, and compulsive exercise.
Amylin, a peptide expressed by nociceptors, modulates chronic neuropathic pain
Authors: Almeida Lígia Sofia , Castro‐Lopes José Manuel , Neto Fani Lourença , Potes Catarina Soares 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundAmylin is a calcitonin gene‐related peptide family member expressed by nociceptors. Amylin's expression is down‐regulated following nerve damage, and studies suggested it affects nociception. We aimed at clarifying amylin's effects on chronic neuropathic pain and investigating its site of action.MethodsChronic neuropathic pain was induced in rats by spared nerve injury (SNI) surgery. Mechanical allodynia/hyperalgesia and cold allodynia/hyperalgesia were assessed by the von Frey, pinprick, acetone and cold plate behavioural tests, respectively. Amylin, amylin‐receptor antagonist (AC187) or vehicle solutions were delivered chronically, by a subcutaneous (SC) mini‐osmotic pump, or acutely, by SC or intrathecal (IT) injections. Cellular and fibre markers were used to detect spinal cord alterations in SNI rats after chronic amylin administration.ResultsContinuous subcutaneous amylin administration aggravated cold allodynia in SNI animals, possibly via amylin‐receptors (AmyR) in supraspinal areas. Acute intrathecal administration of amylin attenuated mechanical hyperalgesia, whereas AC187 reduced mechanical allodynia, suggesting distinct roles of endogenous amylin and of pharmacological amylin doses when targeting spinal cord amylin receptors. Chronic amylin administration promoted c‐Fos activation only in the dorsal horn neurons of SHAM animals, suggesting a distinctive role of amylin in the activation of the spinal neuronal circuitry under neuropathic and physiological conditions. ERK1/2 phosphorylation increased in the dorsal horn neurons of SNI rats chronically treated with amylin. This ERK1/2 cascade activation may be related to amylin's effect on the aggravation of cold allodynia in SNI rats.ConclusionsAmylin's nociceptive effects seem to depend on the treatment duration and route of administration by acting at different levels of the nervous system.SignificanceAmylin modulated neuropathic pain by acting at different levels of the nervous system. Whereas supraspinal areas may be involved in amylin's induced pronociception, modulation of spinal cord amylin receptors by endogenous or pharmacological amylin doses triggers both pro‐ and antinociceptive effects.
Amyloid precursor protein and amyloid precursor‐like protein 2 have distinct roles in modulating myelination, demyelination, and remyelination of axons
Authors: Truong Phan H. , Ciccotosto Giuseppe D. , Merson Tobias D. , Spoerri Loredana , Chuei Mun Joo , Ayers Margaret , Xing Yao Lulu , Emery Ben , Cappai Roberto 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe identification of factors that regulate myelination provides important insight into the molecular mechanisms that coordinate nervous system development and myelin regeneration after injury. In this study, we investigated the role of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its paralogue amyloid precursor‐like protein 2 (APLP2) in myelination using APP and APLP2 knockout (KO) mice. Given that BACE1 regulates myelination and myelin sheath thickness in both the peripheral and central nervous systems, we sought to determine if APP and APLP2, as alternate BACE1 substrates, also modulate myelination, and therefore provide a better understanding of the events regulating axonal myelination. In the peripheral nervous system, we identified that adult, but not juvenile KO mice, have lower densities of myelinated axons in their sciatic nerves while in the central nervous system, axons within both the optic nerves and corpus callosum of both KO mice were significantly hypomyelinated compared to wild‐type (WT) controls. Biochemical analysis demonstrated significant increases in BACE1 and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein and decreased NRG1 and proteolipid protein levels in both KO brain tissue. The acute cuprizone model of demyelination/remyelination revealed that whereas axons in the corpus callosum of WT and APLP2‐KO mice underwent similar degrees of demyelination and subsequent remyelination, the myelinated callosal axons in APP‐KO mice were less susceptible to cuprizone‐induced demyelination and showed a failure in remyelination after cuprizone withdrawal. These data identified APP and APLP2 as modulators of normal myelination and demyelination/remyelination conditions. Deletion of APP and APLP2 identifies novel interplays between the BACE1 substrates in the regulation of myelination.
Thermal performance enhancement of melting and solidification process of phase‐change material in triplex tube heat exchanger using longitudinal fins
Authors: Patel Jay R. , Rathod Manish K. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractEfficient application of intermittent renewable energy sources, like solar, waste heat recovery, and so forth, depends on a large extent on the thermal energy storage methods. Latent heat energy storage with the use of phase‐change material (PCM) is the most promising one because it stores large energy in the form of latent heat at a constant temperature. The current study investigates melting and solidification of PCM in the triplex tube heat exchanger (TTHX) numerically. The two‐dimensional numerical model has been developed using Ansys Fluent 16.2, which considers the effects of conduction as well as natural convection. To overcome the limitation imposed by the poor thermal conductivity of PCM, use of fins is the better solution. In the current study, longitudinal fins are used for better performance of TTHX, which increases heat‐transfer area between PCM and heat‐transfer fluid. The effects of location of fins, that is, internal, external, and combined internal‐external fins, are observed. All three configurations improve melting as well as solidification process. During the melting process, internal and combined internal‐external fins are equally efficient, in which maximum 59% to 60% reduction in melting time is achieved. For solidification, internal‐external fins combination gives maximum 58% reduction in solidification time.
Experimental and numerical study on heat transfer and flow characteristics in an alternating cross‐section flattened tube
Authors: Rukruang Amawasee , Chimres Nares , Kaew‐On Jatuporn , Wongwises Somchai 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAn experimental and numerical study on convection heat transfer of water flowing through an alternating cross‐section flattened (ACF) tube are investigated in this paper. The thermal‐fluid characteristics were evaluated by numerical simulation. The test run conditions covered a mass flux of 200 to 800 kg m−2 s−1, a heat flux of 10 kW/m2, and an inlet temperature of 40°C. The results showed that the Nusselt number increased with the increase in mass flux. Moreover, the heat transfer was also affected by the flow characteristics. Vortices were formed at the curved wall, and their intensities were increased along the flow direction. It was also found that the heat transfer and pressure drop were larger than that of the circular tube. However, the thermal performance was greater than the pressure loss penalty. The comparison results showed that the ACF tube had better performance than the circular tube. Further, the details of heat transfer, flow resistance, and fluid behavior were investigated and discussed in this study.
Long‐term streamflow trends in Hawai'i and implications for native stream fauna
Authors: Clilverd Hannah M. , Tsang Yin‐Phan , Infante Dana M. , Lynch Abigail J. , Strauch Ayron M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractClimate change has fundamentally altered the water cycle in tropical islands, which is a critical driver of freshwater ecosystems. To examine how changes in streamflow regime have impacted habitat quality for native migratory aquatic species, we present a 50‐year (1967–2016) analysis of hydrologic records in 23 unregulated streams across the five largest Hawaiian Islands. For each stream, flow was separated into direct run‐off and baseflow and high‐ and low‐flow statistics (i.e., Q10 and Q90) with ecologically important hydrologic indices (e.g., frequency of flooding and low flow duration) derived. Using Mann–Kendall tests with a running trend analysis, we determined the persistence of streamflow trends through time. We analysed native stream fauna from ~400 sites, sampled from 1992 to 2007, to assess species richness among islands and streams. Declines in streamflow metrics indicated a general drying across the islands. In particular, significant declines in low flow conditions (baseflows), were experienced in 57% of streams, compared with a significant decline in storm flow conditions for 22% of streams. The running trend analysis indicated that many of the significant downward trends were not persistent through time but were only significant if recent decades (1987–2016) were included, with an average decline in baseflow and run‐off of 10.90% and 8.28% per decade, respectively. Streams that supported higher native species diversity were associated with moderate discharge and baseflow index, short duration of low flows, and negligible downward trends in flow. A significant decline in dry season flows (May–October) has led to an increase in the number of no‐flow days in drier areas, indicating that more streams may become intermittent, which has important implications for mauka to makai (mountain to ocean) hydrological connectivity and management of Hawai'i's native migratory freshwater fauna.
3D bioprinting of hydrogel‐based biomimetic microenvironments
Authors: Luo Yongxiang , Wei Xiaoyue , Huang Peng 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a promising technology to produce cell‐laden constructs via patterning living cells, biological factors and biomaterials in a precisely controlled manner. However, it is still a challenge to fabricate human tissues/organs with biological functions for clinical application via 3D bioprinting. Several key issues should be carefully addressed to overcome this challenge, specifically the construction of biomimetic microenvironments. 3D printing has been broadly demonstrated the ability to create structures mimicking native tissues, while it also has the capability to produce biomimetic microenvironments. Therefore, this review will give an overview of the current advances in the art of building and controlling hydrogel‐based biomimetic microenvironments in cells‐laden 3D bioprinting, which are classified by their physical, chemical, and biological features. In the end, we will elaborate the outlook of 3D bioprinting of biomimetic microenvironment. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 1695–1705, 2019.
Periprosthetic hypoxia as consequence of TRPM7 mediated cobalt influx in osteoblasts
Authors: Römmelt Constantin , Munsch Thomas , Drynda Andreas , Lessmann Volkmar , Lohmann Christoph H. , Bertrand Jessica 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe reasons for the high number of loosened metal‐on‐metal (MoM) hip implants are still not fully understood. Hypoxia‐inducible factor 1 (HIF‐1) mediated signaling pathways, which normally modulate tissue metabolism under hypoxic circumstances, could be triggered by metallic wear debris and influence bone metabolism favoring osteolysis. This may lead to early loosening of the orthopedic implants. Immunhistochemical staining of periprosthetic tissues of failed artificial hip implants showed that the concentration of HIF‐1α in the surrounding tissues of failed MoM hip implants was significantly higher in comparison to failed metal‐on‐polyethylene (MoP) hip implants and osteoarthritic tissues. Therefore, we examined the Co2+‐uptake mechanisms and the influence of Co2+ uptake on HIF‐1α stabilization. Based on cobalt mediated quenching effects, calcium imaging experiments using fura‐2 showed a concentration‐dependent cobalt influx in MG‐63 cells, which could be inhibited by the unspecific TRPM7 channel inhibitor 2‐APB (20 μM) and TRPM7 specific siRNA. Western blots confirmed a dose dependent increase of HIF‐1α upon stimulation with Co2+. This effect could be abrogated by inhibition of cobalt influx using 2‐APB. This study shows that chemical hypoxia originating from HIF‐1α upregulation within the periprosthetic tissue is related to cobalt wear debris and highlights TRPM7 as an important key mediator in this context. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 1806–1813, 2019.
The size‐Ramsey number of powers of paths
Authors: Clemens Dennis , Jenssen Matthew , Kohayakawa Yoshiharu , Morrison Natasha , Mota Guilherme Oliveira , Reding Damian , Roberts Barnaby 
Published: December 2018

AbstractGiven graphs and and a positive integer , say that is ‐Ramsey for , denoted , if every ‐coloring of the edges of contains a monochromatic copy of . The size‐Ramsey number of a graph is defined to be . Answering a question of Conlon, we prove that, for every fixed , we have , where is the th power of the ‐vertex path (ie, the graph with vertex set and all edges such that the distance between and in is at most ). Our proof is probabilistic, but can also be made constructive.
4‐Chlorothiazole‐5‐carbaldehydes as Potent Precursors for Synthesis of Some New Pendant N‐heterocyces Endowed with Anti‐Tumor Activity
Authors: El Azab Islam H. , Gobouri Adil A. , Altalhi Tariq A. 
Published: December 2018

In our approach to synthesize bioactive molecules, a series of novel N‐heterocycles were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antitumor activity against a panel of three human cancer cell lines, namely, human breast cancer cell line (MCF‐7), human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa), and human prostate cancer PC‐3. The majority of the tested compounds exhibited significant cytotoxic activity toward the tested tumor cell lines. Analogues 33, 34, 31, 38, 21, 23, 22, and 20 exhibited considerable cytotoxic activities comparable with standard drug 5‐fuorouracil. Compound 33 displayed superior cytotoxicity with IC50 value of 4.12 ± 1.21 μg/mL against HeLa tumor cell line.
Methyl Ester Sulfonate: A High‐Performance Surfactant Capable of Reducing Builders Dosage in Detergents
Authors: Lim Yee Seng , Baharudin Nur Bazlina , Ung Yee Wei 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe detergency performance of α‐sulfo fatty‐methyl ester sulfonate (α‐MES) under different water hardness conditions was compared against the dominant workhorse in Home Care products, linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS). Results demonstrate that α‐MES has a higher soil removal index and its detergency performance is not drastically affected by water hardness, compared to that of LAS. The addition of α‐MES to LAS also shows an improved cleaning performance and better water hardness resistance, due to the structural characteristics of α‐MES, which allow the molecules to be relatively insensitive toward polyvalent ions such as Ca2+ and Mg2+. The washing performance of α‐MES, α‐MES/LAS, and LAS with different builders at various dosages was studied, and the results indicated that the dosage of builders in the detergent product could be reduced up to 33% with the application of α‐MES, while the detergency is not sacrificed.