bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tree Health Analyzing of Malvaceae Collections in Bogor Botanical Gardens
Authors: Rachmadiyanto A N , Helmanto H , Rinandio D S , Abdurachman  
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Center for Plant Conservation Botanic Gardens (Bogor Botanical Gardens) is an ex-situ conservation center in Indonesia which has ± 13,000 plants specimens collection in shrubs, herbs, lianas and trees. The collection is classified in 218 families, which one is Malvaceae. Most of Malvaceae collections at Bogor Botanical Gardens is tree shaped. Trees have risk of fracture, failure or death which can cause harm. The aim of this research is determining the health condition of Malvaceae collection to predict the occurrence of damage (broken, failure, dead etc.) and as a consideration for collection collections treatment. The method which used are combination of visual observation methods and sound waves using arborsonic. Total samples measured are 7 trees which have criteria such as being in a location with high visitor accessibility, large diameter, old tree and visible disease or pest attack. Each sample was done visually and checked with arborsonic basically using sound wave. The point of measuring on the tree is depend on initial identification of damage using a rubber hammer. In this research can be concluded, there are 2 trees which high risk of damage and become first priority handling because has percentage of damage above 60%, 5 trees have medium risk with second priority (30-60%).
Tree Planting and its effects on biodiversity in Opak-Oya River basin: One year after the plantation
Authors: Adi T B , Guntur D R , Okryreza A , Muhammad B , Rosyadi Irfan , Fernadi  , Erry K W , Fahmi Fajrin , Rudiyanto Arif 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Opak River watershed is one of the river watershed in special region of Yogyakarta Province which has important role as water reserve for the community. The eruption of Merapi volcano that often occurs has damaged riparian ecosystem of the rivers in Opak river watershed. To restore Ecosystems in Opak river watershed Conservation during 2016-2018. Tree planting have been conducted five times in riparian ecosystem and Mangrove ecosystem during 2016-2018, At least 17000 individuals have been planted in tree area comprising ( 5000 individual of 25 species in upstream, 2000 individuals of six species and 10000 individuals of Rhizophora spp. Biodiversity survey have been conducted two time in July-August 2017 and April 2018 at three area in Opak river watershed (up stream, middle stream and down stream). The results shows a total of 291 species of plants, 84 birds species, 18 species of herpetofauna, 10 species of mammals, 35 species of fish, 206 species of insects, 26 species of macrozoobentos (mollusca), and 113 species of plankton in three study areas has been identified in Opak Watershed during 2017-2018. The presence of species in each study area as well as the composition of the number of individuals per species is shows difference between the survey in 2017 and 2018 .This is also showed in the number of those diversity indexes. This Biodiversity monitoring is planned to be continued least 5 times which will be conducted in every years.
Interaction model of sustainable urban and hinterland growth in KTM Telang Banyuasin District, Indonesia
Authors: Idrus Z , Mulyana A , Armanto M E , Susetyo D , Wildayana E , Radiatmoko I A , Umar S A , Nuryamsasni  
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The objective of the study was to formulate a sustainable growth model of city center interaction and hinterland KTM Telang. This research was carried out at KTM Telang which its area was determined based on Banyuasin Regency Regulation Number 22 Year 2008 about Formation of Area of KTM covering three districts namely Tanjung Lago Subdistrict, Muara Telang Subdistrict, and Sumber Marga Telang Subdistrict, and SK of Bupati Number 341 Year 2008 dated 17 July 2008 on Stipulation of Location of Center KTM Telang Mulya Sari Village. The research was conducted in Mulya Sari Village as the Center of KTM and 6 (six) other selected villages representing the hinterland of KTM Telang. Data collection techniques in this study include structured interviews, indepth interview, observation, and focus group discussion. The analysis was done by using SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) method. The result of the research shows both of infrastructure development and economic growth in the center of KTM Telang have no effect on economic growth in hinterland. But for social conditions in the center of KTM Telang affected the economic growth in hinterland.
Stakeholders Collaborations Process Towards Community Empowerment: The Success Story West Java CSR Forum
Authors: Hendrayani Yani , Hashim Nor Hazlina , Zen Irina Safitri , Titisari Prima Wahyu 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Complex issues in sustainable development require partnership and collaboration between governments and local communities. Long process require in building partnerships and collaboration is one of the key strategy of social change process which also crucial to establish continuum cooperation and partnership. The study aims to examine and understand the CSR forum where collaboration and community participation are the main activities involve.by studying the success of the West Java CSR Forum as a case study. The study employs the qualitative approach that includes in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. In addition, focus group discussions are conducted with members of the community, who are the beneficiaries of the programme besides, the group consisted of opinion leaders and members from non-governmental organization (NGO). Furthermore, the data process by using the NVivo programme in order to manage, analyse and interpret data collected from various sources.. Finally, the study found the government as the main driving force to facilitate the CSR partnership This study also found the ongoing dialogue is crucial as a useful strategic tool in the Forum’s communication system among the member in order to achieve mutual trust and understanding to creates a strong synergi in achieving sustainable development.
Management of swamp buffalo farms in forest areas to preserve forest ecosystem and sustainability of community livelihoods
Authors: Rahmat M , Premono B T , Ulya N A , Waluyo E A , Sumadi A , Azwar F , Kurniawan A , Muhakka  
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The swamp buffalo of Pampangan (swamp buffalo) is one of South Sumatran germplasm that has the potential to be developed as one of the livelihoods of the people in peat swamp land. Currently, its farming extends from the farm area of origin in Pampangan area to the development area in Riding Village, Pangkalan Lampam Subdistrict, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency. Its expansion is mostly located within production forest area which is adjacent to Wildlife Sanctuary (WS) of Padang Sugihan. In the last decade, its population has increased both by birth and displacement. This phenomenon may cause competition in obtaining food and trigger damage to Padang Sugihan WS ecosystem. In order to support the sustainability of its business and to maintain the preservation of Padang Sugihan WS ecosystem, the optimum management of buffalo farming is required. Biophysical analysis of optimum grazing area, optimization studies and livestock business analysis are the methods used in this study. The results show that the total area of grazing area outside Padang Sugihan WS area is 1,646 ha and optimum population per ha is 3 buffalos. Analysis of its business analysis showed that financial feasibility was feasible. They indicate that buffalo farm business is potential developed as an alternative to community livelihoods in peat lands. In order to maintain the preservation of forest ecosystems and sustainability of community livelihoods, it is necessary to improve the grazing pattern and management of grazing areas. Hence the fodder is fulfilled without damaging the area of Padang Sugihan WS. Introduction.
3D bioprinting of mature bacterial biofilms for antimicrobial resistance drug testing
Authors: Ning Evita , Turnbull Gareth , Clarke Jon , Picard Fred , Riches Philip , Vendrell Marc , Graham Duncan , Wark Alastair W , Faulds Karen , Shu Wenmiao 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The potential to bioprint and study 3D bacterial biofilm constructs could have great clinical significance at a time when antimicrobial resistance is rising to dangerously high levels worldwide. In this study, clinically relevant bacterial species including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 3D bioprinted using a double-crosslinked alginate bioink to form mature bacteria biofilms, characterized by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and fluorescent staining. Solid and porous bacteria-laden constructs were reproducibly bioprinted with thicknesses ranging from 0.25 to 4 mm. We demonstrated 3D bioprinting of thicker biofilms (>4 mm) than found in currently available in vitro models. Bacterial viability was excellent in the bioprinted constructs, with CLSM observation of bacterial biofilm production and maturation possible for at least 28 d in culture. Importantly, we observed the complete five-step biofilm life cycle in vitro following 3D bioprinting for the first time, suggesting the formation of mature 3D bioprinted biofilms. Bacterial growth was faster in thinner, more porous constructs whilst constructs crosslinked with BaCl2 concentrations of above 10 mM had denser biofilm formation. 3D MRSA and MSSA biofilm constructs were found to show greater resistance to antimicrobials than corresponding two-dimensional (2D) cultures. Thicker 3D E. coli biofilms had greater resistance to tetracycline than thinner constructs over 7 d of treatment. Our methodology allowed for the precise 3D bioprinting of self-supporting 3D bacterial biofilm structures that developed biofilms during extended culture. 3D biofilm constructs containing bacterial biofilms produce a model with much greater clinical relevance compared to 2D culture models and we have demonstrated their use in antimicrobial testing.
Using L-band radar data for soil salinity mapping—a case study in Central Iraq
Authors: Wu Weicheng , Muhaimeed Ahmad S , Al-Shafie Waleed M , Al-Quraishi Ayad M F 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Soil salinization is a critical environmental problem for dryland agriculture. Mapping its distribution and severity in space and time is essential for agricultural management and development. Recently, remote sensing technology has been widely applied in such mapping but mostly using optical remote sensing data. In conjunction with the field surveys, this case study was aimed at developing an operational approach for this purpose by employing ALOS (Advanced Land Observing Satellite) L-band radar data with support of Landsat 5 TM (Thematic Mapper) imagery acquired at almost the same time. The test was conducted in the Mussaib site in Central Iraq. The innovative procedure involved was the removal or minimization of the impact of vegetation cover and moisture on the backscattering coefficients by Water Cloud Model. The results revealed a strong correlation between the corrected backscattering coefficients of soil and the measured soil salinity (R
2 = 0.565–0.677). The radar-based salinity models developed through multivariate linear regression (MLR) analysis were able to predict salinity with reliability of 70.05%. In conclusion, it is possible to use radar data for soil salinity prediction and mapping in dry environment.
Adult Reproductive Tract Morphology and Spermatogenesis in the Black Soldier Fly (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)
Authors: Malawey Aline S , Mercati David , Love Charles C , Tomberlin Jeffery K 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLarge-scale production of the black soldier fly [Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)] for use as aquaculture and poultry feed has developed into a global industry. Successful commercialization of the black soldier fly relies on optimizing the production of fecund adults. However, current mass-rearing protocols result in variable production of fertile eggs. To help lay a foundation for a better understanding of factors that may play a role in this variability, the morphology of the black soldier fly male reproductive tract and spermatozoa, associated spermatogenesis process, impact of age on the process, and the female spermatheca morphology were examined with various microscopic techniques (e.g., scanning electron microscope, transition electron microscope, and dissecting scope). The gross morphology of the male reproductive tract and female spermatheca appear to be similar to those found in other brachyceran flies. Male spermatozoa are long (~860 µm overall, ~8 µm head), apparently motile, and possess flagella with a typical 9 + 9 + 2 axoneme triplets. Germ cells go through incomplete mitotic divisions surrounded by somatic cyst cells in the testes. Spermatogenesis appears to be initiated during immature development (cryptocephalic pupa stage). From <24 h to 7 d post-emergence, male aging appeared to impact sperm production.
External validation of the electronic Frailty Index using the population of Wales within the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage Databank
Authors: Hollinghurst Joe , Fry Richard , Akbari Ashley , Clegg Andy , Lyons Ronan A , Watkins Alan , Rodgers Sarah E 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
frailty has major implications for health and social care services internationally. The development, validation and national implementation of the electronic Frailty Index (eFI) using routine primary care data has enabled change in the care of older people living with frailty in England.

Aims
to externally validate the eFI in Wales and assess new frailty-related outcomes.

Study design and setting
retrospective cohort study using the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) Databank, comprising 469,000 people aged 65–95, registered with a SAIL contributing general practice on 1 January 2010.

Methods
four categories (fit; mild; moderate and severe) of frailty were constructed using recognised cut points from the eFI. We calculated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) from Cox regression models for validation of existing outcomes: 1-, 3- and 5-year mortality, hospitalisation, and care home admission for validation. We also analysed, as novel outcomes, 1-year mortality following hospitalisation and frailty transition times.

Results
HR trends for the validation outcomes in SAIL followed the original results from ResearchOne and THIN databases. Relative to the fit category, adjusted HRs in SAIL (95% CI) for 1-year mortality following hospitalisation were 1.05 (95% CI 1.03-1.08) for mild frailty, 1.24 (95% CI 1.21-1.28) for moderate frailty and 1.51 (95% CI 1.45-1.57) for severe frailty. The median time (lower and upper quartile) between frailty categories was 2,165 days (lower and upper quartiles: 1,510 and 2,831) from fit to mild, 1,155 days (lower and upper quartiles: 756 and 1,610) from mild to moderate and 898 days (lower and upper quartiles: 584 and 1,275) from moderate to severe.

Conclusions
further validation of the eFI showed robust predictive validity and utility for new outcomes.
Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors for the management of advanced or metastatic breast cancer in women
Authors: Cersosimo Robert J 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPurposeThe pharmacology, clinical activity, safety, and place in therapy of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are reviewed.SummaryCDK 4 and CDK 6 are downstream agents in the estrogen signaling pathway that control entry into the cell cycle. CDK4/6 inhibition may prevent tumor cell progression in the cell cycle. Three CDK4/6 inhibitors (palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib) are available for women with hormone receptor–positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative (HER2–) advanced or metastatic breast cancer. These medications’ indications in the treatment of HR+/HER2– advanced breast cancer include use with an aromatase inhibitor (AI) as initial therapy in postmenopausal women and with fulvestrant in women whose disease progressed during endocrine therapy. Ribociclib is also indicated as initial therapy with an AI in premenopausal or perimenopausal women and as initial therapy with fulvestrant in postmenopausal women. Abemaciclib is also indicated as monotherapy in women with disease progression after endocrine therapy and prior chemotherapy. A significant increase in progression-free survival (PFS) was seen with use of all 3 agents as initial therapy with an AI in controlled trials. Each agent also was demonstrated to produce a significant increase in PFS when used with fulvestrant in women whose disease progressed with prior endocrine therapy. Neutropenia is a dose-limiting adverse effect of palbociclib and ribociclib. Fatigue is more common with use of palbociclib and abemaciclib, and gastrointestinal effects are more common with abemaciclib use.ConclusionCDK4/6 inhibitors have significant demonstrated clinical activity in combination with AIs or fulvestrant in women with HR+/HER2– advanced or metastatic breast cancer and are becoming a standard of care in these patients.
Pharmacist involvement in trauma resuscitation across the United States: A 10-year follow-up survey
Authors: Porter Blake A , Zaeem Maryam , Hewes Philip D , Hale LaDonna S , Jones Courtney M C , Gestring Mark L , Acquisto Nicole M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Purpose
A national survey performed in 2007 found that only 23% of American College of Surgeons (ACS) trauma centers involved pharmacists in trauma resuscitation. This study describes interval change in use, perceptions, and responsibilities from 2007 to 2017.

Methods
Of the 419 trauma centers identified from the ACS website, contact information was available for 335. In March 2017, a survey assessing hospital demographics, pharmacist coverage and services, and perception of pharmacist value and use was emailed to the identified trauma representatives. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis, as appropriate.

Results
The response rate was 33% (110/335). Pharmacist involvement with trauma resuscitation increased significantly from 23% in 2007 to 70% (p < 0.001) and in 71% of trauma centers was provided by pharmacists practicing within the emergency department. Pharmacist involvement was greatest in the Midwest (p < 0.01), but with similar distribution with regards to ACS designation, institution type, and patient volume. Common bedside responsibilities include calculating dosages (96%), preparing medications (89%), and providing medication information (79%), while trauma program/administrative responsibilities (45%) include trauma team education, pharmacy operations, medication safety, quality improvement data collection, research, review of quality assurance cases, ACS accreditation preparation, and others. The primary reason for not considering pharmacist involvement was unfamiliarity with these roles/benefits.

Conclusion
Pharmacists are an increasingly important component of the trauma team, as evidenced by growth over the last decade. In addition to clinical benefit at the bedside, pharmacists can support the regular activities of a trauma program in many meaningful ways.
A lever action hypothesis for pendulous hummingbird flowers: experimental evidence from a columbine
Authors: LoPresti E F , Goidell J , Mola J M , Page M L , Specht C D , Stuligross C , Weber M G , Williams N M , Karban R 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background and Aims
Pendulous flowers (due to a flexible pedicel) are a common, convergent trait of hummingbird-pollinated flowers. However, the role of flexible pedicels remains uncertain despite several functional hypotheses. Here we present and test the ‘lever action hypothesis’: flexible pedicels allow pendulous flowers to move upwards from all sides, pushing the stigma and anthers against the underside of the feeding hummingbird regardless of which nectary is being visited.

Methods
To test whether this lever action increased pollination success, we wired emasculated flowers of serpentine columbine, Aquilegia eximia, to prevent levering and compared pollination success of immobilized flowers with emasculated unwired and wire controls.

Key Results
Seed set was significantly lower in wire-immobilized flowers than unwired control and wire control flowers. Video analysis of visits to wire-immobilized and unwired flowers demonstrated that birds contacted the stigmas and anthers of immobilized flowers less often than those of flowers with flexible pedicels.

Conclusions
We conclude that flexible pedicels permit the levering of reproductive structures onto a hovering bird. Hummingbirds, as uniquely large, hovering pollinators, differ from flies or bees which are too small to cause levering of flowers while hovering. Thus, flexible pedicels may be an adaptation to hummingbird pollination, in particular due to hummingbird size. We further speculate that this mechanism is effective only in radially symmetric flowers; in contrast, zygomorphic hummingbird-pollinated flowers are usually more or less horizontally oriented rather than having pendulous flowers and flexible pedicels.
Genotype imputation and reference panel: a systematic evaluation on haplotype size and diversity
Authors: Bai Wei-Yang , Zhu Xiao-Wei , Cong Pei-Kuan , Zhang Xue-Jun , Richards J Brent , Zheng Hou-Feng 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Here, 622 imputations were conducted with 394 customized reference panels for Han Chinese and European populations. Besides validating the fact that imputation accuracy could always benefit from the increased panel size when the reference panel was population specific, the results brought two new thoughts. First, when the haplotype size of the reference panel was fixed, the imputation accuracy of common and low-frequency variants (Minor Allele Frequency (MAF) &gt; 0.5%) decreased while the population diversity of the reference panel increased, but for rare variants (MAF &lt; 0.5%), a small fraction of diversity in panel could improve imputation accuracy. Second, when the haplotype size of the reference panel was increased with extra population-diverse samples, the imputation accuracy of common variants (MAF &gt; 5%) for the European population could always benefit from the expanding sample size. However, for the Han Chinese population, the accuracy of all imputed variants reached the highest when reference panel contained a fraction of an extra diverse sample (8–21%). In addition, we evaluated the imputation performances in the existing reference panels, such as the Haplotype Reference Consortium (HRC), 1000 Genomes Project Phase 3 and the China, Oxford and Virginia Commonwealth University Experimental Research on Genetic Epidemiology (CONVERGE). For the European population, the HRC panel showed the best performance in our analysis. For the Han Chinese population, we proposed an optimum imputation reference panel constituent ratio if researchers would like to customize their own sequenced reference panel, but a high-quality and large-scale Chinese reference panel was still needed. Our findings could be generalized to the other populations with conservative genome; a tool was provided to investigate other populations of interest (https://github.com/Abyss-bai/reference-panel-reconstruction).