bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Banking Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Umbilical Cord Tissue: Large Sample Size Analysis Reveals Consistency Between Donors
Authors: Raileanu Vanessa N. , Whiteley Jennifer , Chow Theresa , Kollara Alexandra , Mohamed Aisha , Keating Armand , Rogers Ian M. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have emerged as candidate cells with therapeutic potential to treat different pathologies. The underlying mechanism is paracrine signaling. The cells secrete proteins that can impact inflammation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation. All are important in wound healing and tissue regeneration. Although the bone marrow has been the most widely used source of MSCs, umbilical cord tissue (CT) presents a source that is just starting to be used in the clinic, yet can be obtained with more ease and easily stored. Here, we characterize CT-MSCs obtained from multiple donors by analyzing cell surface proteins, differentiation capacity, and proteome profile. Analysis of low, medium, and high passage cells indicates that the morphology and proliferation rate stay constant and with the exception of cluster of differentiation (CD) 105 at late passage, there are no changes in the cell surface protein characteristics, indicating the population does not change with passage. TNF-stimulated gene 6 protein was measured in a subset of samples and variable expression was observed, but this did not impact the ability of the cells to enhance skin regeneration. In conclusion, CT-MSC represents a consistent, easily accessible source of cells for cell therapy. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:1041–1054
Female directorship on boards and corporate sustainability policies: Their effect on sustainable development
Authors: Pucheta‐Martínez María Consuelo , Olcina‐Sempere Gustau , López‐Zamora Blanca 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe aim to explore whether board gender diversity—specifically, women directors representing institutional ownership—improves the sustainability development of listed firms by affecting corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies. Moreover, among female directors representing institutional shareholders, we can differentiate between those working for banks and insurance companies (pressure‐sensitive female institutional directors) and those working for mutual funds, investment funds, pension funds, and venture capital firms (pressure‐resistant female institutional directors). The effect of these categories of directors on CSR policies is also analysed. Our evidence suggests that women directors representing institutional ownership positively affect CSR policies, which is the same as for pressure‐resistant female institutional directors, and pressure‐sensitive institutional directors do not impact CSR policies. This research provides a new framework for the role played by certain types of female directors (female institutional directors, female pressure‐sensitive directors, and female pressure‐resistant directors) in relation to CSR policies, and thus, it may help policymakers to promote CSR policies and to take action to promote responsible behaviour among listed firms.
Cutaneous small‐vessel vasculitis following hysterosalpingo‐foam sonography (HyFoSy)
Authors: Ludwin A. , Ludwin I. , Szczeklik W. , Martins W. P. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTWe present a case of diffuse skin immune reaction, diagnosed as cutaneous small‐vessel vasculitis, following assessment of tubal patency by contrast ultrasound, which appears to be the first reported case of hypersensitivity reaction to sonographic tubal patency testing, based on a literature search. A 32‐year‐old woman presented with non‐thrombocytopenic palpable purpura the day after assessment of tubal patency by two‐/three‐dimensional hysterosalpingo‐foam sonography (HyFoSy) using ExEm® Foam. During real‐time ultrasound, the observer identified flow in only the right tube when using saline with air as contrast medium; however, the same observer identified flow in both tubes after injecting ExEm Foam and the woman left the clinic without any complications. The next day, the patient was admitted with a complaint of a red‐purple skin rash noticed the same morning, associated with moderate leg pain. Slow‐motion analysis of the recorded videos and three‐dimensional ultrasound datasets showed previously unnoticed venous intravasation of ExEm Foam into the myometrial vessels. Palpable purpura is typically found in vasculitis as a result of extravasation of red cells outside the inflamed blood vessel. This previously unreported side effect of tubal patency testing by HyFoSy, its potential rare organ consequences, as well as unknown consequences of venous intravasation by foam, should be included in the informed consent prior to the examination. Copyright © 2019 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Neutrophils in innate immunity and systems biology‐level approaches
Authors: Rungelrath Viktoria , Kobayashi Scott D. , DeLeo Frank R. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe innate immune system is the first line of host defense against invading microorganisms. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs or neutrophils) are the most abundant leukocyte in humans and essential to the innate immune response against invading pathogens. Compared to the acquired immune response, which requires time to develop and is dependent on previous interaction with specific microbes, the ability of neutrophils to kill microorganisms is immediate, nonspecific, and not dependent on previous exposure to microorganisms. Historically, studies of PMN‐pathogen interaction focused on the events leading to killing of microorganisms, such as recruitment/chemotaxis, transmigration, phagocytosis, and activation, whereas postphagocytosis sequelae were infrequently considered. In addition, it was widely accepted that human neutrophils possessed limited capacity for new gene transcription and thus, relatively little biosynthetic capacity. This notion has changed dramatically within the past 20 years. Further, there is now more effort directed to understand the events occurring in PMNs after killing of microbes. Herein, we give an updated review of the systems biology‐level approaches that have been used to gain an enhanced view of the role of neutrophils during host‐pathogen interaction and neutrophil‐mediated diseases. We anticipate that these and future systems‐level studies will continue to provide information important for understanding, treatment, and control of diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms.This article is categorized under:
Physiology > Organismal Responses to Environment
Physiology > Mammalian Physiology in Health and Disease
Biological Mechanisms > Cell Fates
Establishing a Multicentre Trauma Registry in India: An Evaluation of Data Completeness
Authors: Shivasabesan Gowri , O'Reilly Gerard M. , Mathew Joseph , Fitzgerald Mark C. , Gupta Amit , Roy Nobhojit , Joshipura Manjul , Sharma Naveen , Cameron Peter , Fahey Madonna , Howard Teresa , Cheung Zoe , Kumar Vineet , Jarwani Bhavesh , Soni Kapil Dev , Patel Pankaj , Thakor Advait , Misra Mahesh , Gruen Russell L. , Mitra Biswadev ,   the Australia‐India Trauma Systems Collaboration (AITSC)
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe completeness of a trauma registry's data is essential for its valid use. This study aimed to evaluate the extent of missing data in a new multicentre trauma registry in India and to assess the association between data completeness and potential predictors of missing data, particularly mortality.MethodsThe proportion of missing data for variables among all adults was determined from data collected from 19 April 2016 to 30 April 2017. In‐hospital physiological data were defined as missing if any of initial systolic blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, or Glasgow Coma Scale were missing. Univariable logistic regression and multivariable logistic regression, using manual stepwise selection, were used to investigate the association between mortality (and other potential predictors) and missing physiological data.ResultsData on the 4466 trauma patients in the registry were analysed. Out of 59 variables, most (n = 51; 86.4%) were missing less than 20% of observations. There were 808 (18.1%) patients missing at least one of the first in‐hospital physiological observations. Hospital death was associated with missing in‐hospital physiological data (adjusted OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.02–2.01; p = 0.04). Other significant associations with missing data were: patient arrival time out of hours, hospital of care, ‘other’ place of injury, and specific injury mechanisms. Assault/homicide injury intent and occurrence of chest X‐ray were associated with not missing any of first in‐hospital physiological variables.ConclusionMost variables were well collected. Hospital death, a proxy for more severe injury, was associated with missing first in‐hospital physiological observations. This remains an important limitation for trauma registries.
Combining metabolic flux analysis and adaptive evolution to enhance lipase production in Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Yuan Kai , Song Ping , Li Shuang , Gao Song , Wen Jianping , Huang He 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Metabolic fluxes during lipase production by Bacillus subtilis CICC 20034 in synthetic medium were studied using metabolic flux analysis (MFA). The MFA showed that lipase production was dependent on, and coupled to the tributyrin uptake rate, formation of biomass, lactate, ATP, as well as amino acids from the aspartate and glutamate family. Using tributyrin as the sole carbon source, an adaptive evolution strategy was applied to increase the tributyrin uptake rate. B. subtilis SPZ1 was obtained from CICC 20034 by adaptive evolution over 1000 generations of growth-based selection. The tributyrin consumption rate of strain SPZ1 reached 0.89 g/(L·h) which was 1.9-fold higher than that of the original strain. The MFA indicated that the 212% increase of tributyrin uptake flux contributed to the 556% increase of lipase flux. Consequently, the lipase activity (0.65 U/mL) of strain SPZ1 was 1.9-fold higher than that of the original strain. This was the highest lipase activity obtained by fermentation in synthetic medium reported for Bacillus strains. In complex culture medium, lipase activity of SPZ1 reached 3.3 U/mL.
Pay for performance in health care: a new best practice tariff-based tool using a log-linear piecewise frontier function and a dual–primal approach for unique solutions
Authors: Ferreira Diogo Cunha , Marques Rui Cunha , Nunes Alexandre Morais 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHealth care systems worldwide have faced a problem of resources scarcity that, in turn, should be allocated to the health care providers according to the corresponding population needs. Such an allocation should be as much as effective and efficient as possible to guarantee the sustainability of those systems. One alternative to reach that goal is through (prospective) payments due to the providers for their clinical procedures. The way that such payments are computed is frequently unknown and arguably far from being optimal. For instance, in Portugal, public hospitals are clustered based on criteria related to size, consumed resources, and volume of medical acts, and payments associated with the inpatient services are equal to the smallest unitary cost within each cluster. First, there is no reason to impose a single benchmark for each inefficient hospital. Second, this approach disregards dimensions like quality (and access) and the environment, which are paramount for fair comparisons and benchmarking exercises. This paper proposes an innovative tool to achieve best-practices tariff. This tool merges both quality and financial sustainability concepts, attributing a hospital-specific tariff that can be different from hospital to hospital. That payment results from the combination of costs related to a set of potential benchmarks, keeping quality as high as possible and higher than a user-predefined threshold, and being able to generate considerable cost savings. To obtain those coefficients we propose and detail a log-linear piecewise frontier function as well as a dual–primal approach for unique solutions.
Theorizing Research Ethics for the Study of Psychological Phenomena from Within Relational Everyday Life
Authors: Hilppö Jaakko , Chimirri Niklas Alexander , Rajala Antti 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHow to investigate psychologically relevant phenomena in the most ethical ways possible is an enduring question for researchers not only in psychology but also in adjacent fields that study human subjectivity. Once acknowledging that both researchers and the people whose lives they want to study are human beings acting in a common world, also inhabited by non-human beings, the relationship between researchers and participants touches upon fundamental questions not only about what it means to do research together, but also what it means to conduct life in this world together. This implies that questions regarding what counts as ethical conduct need to be accentuated and also profoundly re-drawn given the encompassing complexity of these relations. In this article, we will shortly review the theoretical foundations and associated problematics of the dominant view of the researcher-researched relationship in current psychological (and other) research ethics. We then present and discuss what we mean by a relational ethical position from within practice and for practice. We will also shortly introduce how the other contributions to this special section advance the theoretical debates on research ethics.
In Pursuit of the Non-Trivial
Authors: Caret Colin R. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper is about the underlying logical principles of scientific theories. In particular, it concerns ex contradictione quodlibet (ECQ) the principle that anything follows from a contradiction. ECQ is valid according to classical logic, but invalid according to paraconsistent logics. Some advocates of paraconsistency claim that there are ‘real’ inconsistent theories that do not erupt with completely indiscriminate, absurd commitments. They take this as evidence in favor of paraconsistency. Michael (2016) calls this the non-triviality strategy (NTS). He argues that this strategy fails in its purpose. I will show that Michael's criticism significantly over-reaches. The fundamental problem is that he places more of a burden on the advocate of paraconsistency than on the advocate of classical logic. The weaknesses in Michael's argument are symptomatic of this preferential treatment of one viewpoint in the debate over another. He does, however, make important observations that allow us to clarify some of the complexities involved in giving a logical reconstruction of a theory. I will argue that there are abductive arguments deserving of further consideration for the claim that paraconsistent logic offers the best explanation of the practice of inconsistent science. In this sense, the debate is still very much open.
The Yarkon-Taninim Aquifer (Judea Group Israel): What Radiocarbon Can Tell
Authors: Kronfeld Joel , Carmi Israel , Avisar Dror 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTRadiocarbon (14C) conclusively demonstrates that the very important Yarkon-Tanininm aquifer, named after the two springs where the drainage presumably occurs, is in actuality two distinct aquifers—Upper and Lower. The springs have higher 14C activities than the exploitation wells that surround them (all drilled into the Upper aquifer). The springs are situated at faults that allow the Lower aquifer water to rise due to its higher pieziometric head and drain along with the Upper aquifer. The Lower aquifer water flows rapidly along a path that includes a karstic system. The Upper aquifer flows more slowly, primarily through a system of cracks in the carbonate aquifer. The Upper aquifer groundwater in the Beer-Sheba extension flows northwards at approximately ~4–7 m/yr.
Variation in dietary intake and body fatness by socioeconomic status among women in the context of Costa Rican nutrition transitions
Authors: Bekelman Traci A. , Santamaría-Ulloa Carolina , Dufour Darna L. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe Nutrition Transition model posits that vegetable oils, animal source foods (ASFs) and caloric sweeteners contribute to increases in adiposity and hence body mass index. Body mass index (BMI) is increasing more rapidly among Latin American populations of low versus high socioeconomic status (SES). The objectives of this study among Costa Rican women were to: (1) compare indicators of adiposity and dietary intake by SES and (2) evaluate the relationship between intake of foods high in vegetable oils, ASFs or caloric sweeteners and body fatness. This cross-sectional study, conducted in 2014–2015, included 128 low-, middle- and high-SES non-pregnant, non-lactating women aged between 25 and 45 years with 1–4 live births. Anthropometry was used to assess BMI, body composition and body fat distribution. Dietary recalls (n= 379) were used to assess dietary intake. Percentage body fat was greater in low- versus high-SES women (31.5 ± 3.9 vs 28.2 ± 4.7%). Skinfold measurements at four sites on the upper and lower body were greater in low- versus high-SES women. Body mass index did not vary in low- versus high-SES women. Intake frequency of foods high in vegetable oils was greater in low- and middle- (1.8 and 1.8 times/day, respectively) versus high- (1.1 times/day) SES women. For individual foods, intake frequency varied significantly by SES for high-fat condiments, fried vegetables, dairy, sweetened coffee/tea and pastries and desserts. Intake frequency of Nutrition Transition food categories was not associated with percentage body fat after adjustment for energy intake. Indicators of body composition provide additional information beyond BMI that are useful in understanding SES–adiposity associations in Latin America. Approaches to understanding diet and adiposity in Latin America that focus on vegetable oils, ASFs and caloric sweeteners should consider within-country variation in the pace of the Nutrition Transition, especially when explaining variation in adiposity by SES.
Lessons from a Quarrel: The Intentionality of Emotion Revisited
Authors: Kronqvist Camilla 
Published: June 2019

AbstractI argue that a careful consideration of the internal relation between the expression of an emotion, ‘I am angry’, and the description of the object of that emotion, ‘That was wrong’, illuminates the sense in which emotions are intentional, and perhaps also rational, as brought out in cognitive accounts of emotion. It also throws light on the moral and interpersonal aspects of our emotional life, which I instantiate through a discussion of the different perspectives on what has happened between the parties in a quarrel and the kinds of failures of understanding that may take place in such cases.
Leader-gods and pro poleos priests: Leto, Apollo, Zeus and the imperial cult at Oinoanda
Authors: Milner N.P. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis article presents three unpublished inscriptions (nos 1–3) illustrating the public cults of Leto and of Apollo at Oinoanda. It discusses the non-participation of the Apolline priests in the city’s Demostheneia festival for Apollo and the reigning emperor, while tracing a relationship between public cults of Apollo and the imperial cult. Finally, it proposes to reinterpret a published inscription (no. 4) as being about Poseidon, rather than Apollo.
Resettling amidst a mood of loneliness: later-life Chinese, Indian and Korean immigrants in New Zealand
Authors: Wright-St Clair Valerie A. , Nayar Shoba 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis project was a secondary hermeneutic analysis of text expressing loneliness or social isolation, gathered in an original study exploring how Chinese, Indian and Korean late-life immigrants participated in New Zealand society. It utilised the 24 interview recordings, initially transcribed in participants’ first languages from nine focus group and 15 individual interviews, and translated into English for analysis. Hermeneutic methods were used to extract and analyse quotes indicative of loneliness or social isolation. The data cohered into three notions: being unsettled, feeling sidelined and being oriented towards social connectedness. Being unsettled names the experiences of disconcerting loneliness or social isolation when previously familiar things, people and places were not there in the host society context. Feeling sidelined names the feelings of being put aside by others or feeling opaque with local communities. Being oriented towards social connectedness expresses these late-life immigrants’ longing to communicate with and to join with others in the community through culturally familiar engagements. A mood of loneliness coloured these late-life immigrants’ resettlement experiences in New Zealand. Yet they turned away from loneliness and sought out encounters with other older immigrants within co-ethnic communities.
The multistep homology of the simplex and representations of symmetric groups
Authors: WILDON MARK 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe symmetric group on a set acts transitively on the set of its subsets of a fixed size. We define homomorphisms between the corresponding permutation modules, defined over a field of characteristic two, which generalize the boundary maps from simplicial homology. The main results determine when these chain complexes are exact and when they are split exact. As a corollary we obtain a new explicit construction of the basic spin modules for the symmetric group.
Implementation evaluation of an iron supplementation programme in high-school students: the crosswise model
Authors: Banayejeddi Mortaza , Masudi Sima , Nouri Saeidlou Sakineh , Rezaigoyjeloo Fatemeh , Babaie Fariba , Abdollahi Zahra , Safaralizadeh Fatemeh 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the implementation of the national health promotion programme (through nutritional education and Fe supplementation) among female high-school students in Iran and to assess the application of the crosswise model (CM) for evaluating the programme’s implementation.Design:Two cross-sectional surveys in female high-school students, one using the direct questioning (DQ) method and the other using the CM, were conducted. Two survey questionnaires used to collect the data contained questions about three aspects of the programme: delivering the Fe supplements, consuming them and holding nutritional training sessions.Setting:Female high schools, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran.Participants:A sample of 2180 students, of whom 1740 were surveyed by the CM and 440 were interviewed by DQ.Results:The CM resulted in estimates that were consistently lower than the estimates of the DQ. The proportion of students in the DQ and CM who reported receiving the pills weekly and on a regular basis was 73·2 and 22·5 %, respectively. About 43 and 31 % of students in the DQ and CM surveys reported consuming all pills delivered to them. In the DQ method, only 12 % of students who reported the number of pills consumed had taken the complete dose (sixteen pills).Conclusions:Implementation of the Fe supplementation programme in female high schools was poor and insufficient, so that it seems unsuccessful in reducing Fe-deficiency anaemia in adolescent girls. The CM might be considered for evaluating the health programme’s implementation at high schools.