bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empirical Bayes shrinkage and false discovery rate estimation, allowing for unwanted variation
Authors: Gerard David , Stephens Matthew 
Published: June 2018

Summary
We combine two important ideas in the analysis of large-scale genomics experiments (e.g. experiments that aim to identify genes that are differentially expressed between two conditions). The first is use of Empirical Bayes (EB) methods to handle the large number of potentially-sparse effects, and estimate false discovery rates and related quantities. The second is use of factor analysis methods to deal with sources of unwanted variation such as batch effects and unmeasured confounders. We describe a simple modular fitting procedure that combines key ideas from both these lines of research. This yields new, powerful EB methods for analyzing genomics experiments that account for both sparse effects and unwanted variation. In realistic simulations, these new methods provide significant gains in power and calibration over competing methods. In real data analysis, we find that different methods, while often conceptually similar, can vary widely in their assessments of statistical significance. This highlights the need for care in both choice of methods and interpretation of results.
Gravitational waves from ultra-short period exoplanets
Authors: Cunha J V , Silva F E , Lima J A S 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT
In the last two decades, thousands of extrasolar planets were discovered based on different observational techniques, and their number must increase substantially in virtue of the ongoing and near-future approved missions and facilities. It is shown that interesting signatures of binary systems from nearby exoplanets and their parent stars can also be obtained measuring the pattern of gravitational waves (GWs) that will be made available by the new generation of detectors including the space-based LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna) observatory. As an example, a subset of exoplanets with extremely short periods (less than 80 min) is discussed. All of them have gravitational luminosity, LGW ∼ 1030 erg s−1, strain h ∼ 10−22, frequencies fGW &gt; 10−4 Hz, and, as such, are within the standard sensitivity curve of LISA. Our analysis suggests that the emitted GW pattern may also provide an efficient tool to discover ultra-short period exoplanets.
Health-Related Quality of Life in Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy
Authors: Keller Sara C , Williams Deborah , Levering Mayo , Cosgrove Sara E 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) has not been well characterized in the United States. In an OPAT cohort, the short-form-12’s median physical component score and mental component score were 40.3 and 54.4, respectively. HRQoL measures could be helpful in studies of OPAT cost-effectiveness.
Deficient neurotrophic factors of CSPG4‐type neural cell exosomes in Alzheimer disease
Authors: Goetzl Edward J. , Nogueras-Ortiz Carlos , Mustapic Maja , Mullins Roger J. , Abner Erin L. , Schwartz Janice B. , Kapogiannis Dimitrios 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTExosomes derived from chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) 4 type neural precursor cells (CSPG4Es) were purified from human plasma by sequential immunoabsorption with anti‐CSPG4 and anti‐platelet growth factor receptor α mAb to characterize the potential in vivo roles of CSPG4 cells in neuronal repair. Hepatocyte growth factor, fibroblast growth factors (FGFs)‐2 and ‐13, and type 1 insulin‐like growth factor (IGF‐1), which enhance neuronal survival and functions, were quantified in CSPG4E extracts. For CSPG4Es of 24 healthy control subjects, mean levels of hepatocyte growth factor, FGF‐13, and IGF‐1, but not FGF‐2, were significantly higher by up to 7‐fold than in their neuronal‐derived exosomes, and mean levels of all 4 growth factors were significantly higher by up to 8‐fold than in their astrocyte‐derived exosomes. Mean CSPG4E levels of all growth factors were significantly lower in patients with mild Alzheimer disease (AD) (n = 24) than in age‐ and sex‐matched cognitively normal control subjects (n = 24). Mean CSPG4E levels of all growth factors were also significantly lower in 15 patients at the stage of moderate dementia from AD (AD2) and at their preclinical stage 3 to 8 yr earlier (AD1), with no differences between values at stages AD1 and AD2. Current findings suggest that CSPG4 cells export in exosomes higher levels of neurotrophic factors than neurons or astrocytes and that CSPG4E neurotrophic factors are diminished early in AD, with no significant progression of decreases later in the course.—Goetzl, E. J., Nogueras‐Ortiz, C., Mustapic, M., Mullins, R. J., Abner, E. L., Schwartz, J. B., Kapogiannis, D. Deficient neurotrophic factors of CSPG4‐type neural cell exosomes in Alzheimer disease. FASEB J. 33, 231–238 (2019). www.fasebj.org
Ten-year Follow-up After Treating Extended Burn Scar Contracture with an Autologous Cultured Dermal Substitute
Authors: Nuri Takashi , Ueda Koichi , Fujimori Yasushi 
Published: June 2018

Summary:
This is the first case report of long-term follow-up after applying the autologous cultured dermal substitute to establish the wound bed before split skin graft. The results suggest that application of autologous cultured cultured dermal substitute contributes to establish the high-quality wound bed for skin graft. Split-thickness skin grafts (STSGs) are the gold standard for the treatment of burn scar contracture. Young patients in particular may require additional skin grafts as they grow, and donor site for skin grafts may be limited. We applied autologous cultured dermal substitutes (CDSs) that are expected to establish a high-quality wound bed to allow thin STSGs. This is the first report of follow-up after application of autologous CDS combined with thin STSG. A male neonate suffered third-degree burns (20% of the total body surface area) on the back. After 2 years, scar contracture of the gluteal regions were released and autologous CDS were applied. Five days after the treatment, a super thin (4–6/1,000 per inch) skin grafting was performed. After 3 years, scar contracture of the back was released and autologous CDS was applied for 2 weeks. Then a split-thick graft was harvested from the same donor site. Ten years after the last operation, the width of the skin graft on his back has extended from 5–8 cm. The contour of the grafted skin is soft, smooth, and can be pinched. This long-term result shows the autologous CDS can be expected to establish the high-quality wound bed that allows thin STSG.
Femoral Osteonecrosis after Medial Femoral Condyle Bone Graft Harvest
Authors: Boretto Jorge G. , Altube Gonzalo , Gallucci Gerardo L. , Narvaez Hector R. , De Carli Pablo 
Published: June 2018

Summary:
The medial femoral condyle vascularized graft has become a useful resource in reconstructive microsurgery due to the rate of bony union, and the low rate of complication. We report osteonecrosis of the medial femoral condyle in a 65-year-old woman after harvesting a corticocancellous medial femoral condyle graft to treat a tarsometatarsal nonunion. We were not able to define whether a vascular or mechanical disorder could be the ultimate cause. However, because of the severity of the complication, we suggest informing patients who will undergo a medial femoral condyle flap about this infrequent complication.
Development of a Reference Model for Keratoconus Progression Prediction Based on Characterization of the Course of Nonsurgically Treated Cases
Authors: Martínez-Abad Antonio , Piñero David P. , Chorro Elizabeth , Bataille Laurent , Alió Jorge L. 
Published: June 2018

Purpose:
To evaluate and characterize long-term clinical changes in keratoconus cases not requiring surgical treatment because of the absence of clinically significant visual degradation and to design a predictive model for the progression rate.

Methods:
This retrospective longitudinal study enrolled 68 nonsurgically treated keratoconic eyes of 46 patients (age range, 18–66 years), with a follow-up period of 6 years ± 12 months. Visual, refractive, topographic, and aberrometric changes were evaluated, detecting the abnormal levels of longitudinal changes in each clinical variable analyzed (percentiles 10% or 90%). Subsequently, the eyes were stratified into progression and no-progression groups based on the different variables evaluated, analyzing baseline differences between them. A progression index (PI%) was defined, and its relationship with baseline data was modeled using multiple linear regression analysis.

Results:
Significant differences were detected in more quantity of baseline parameters between progression and no-progression groups for changes in sphere, spherical-like and coma-like root mean square, central mean keratometry (KM3mm), corneal asphericity (Q80mm), and central astigmatism (Ast3mm). The progression index (PI%) was defined using these variables, obtaining a mean value of 24.39 ± 51.09% and a median of 1.85%. This parameter was significantly related to the baseline sphere, K23 mm (steepest central keratometry), and Q80 mm (P < 0.001, R2 = 0.429).

Conclusions:
More pronounced progression seems to be present in myopic eyes with central localized steepening but normal mid-periphery flattening. A new index has been defined to characterize and predict the level of progression in nonsurgically treated keratoconus in a medium–long term.
Comparison of Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Quality in Classic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Events Using Video Review*
Authors: Taeb Mahsheed , Levin Amanda B. , Spaeder Michael C. , Schwartz Jamie M. 
Published: June 2018

Objectives:
To assess differences in cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality in classic cardiopulmonary resuscitation versus extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation events using video recordings of actual pediatric cardiac arrest events.

Design:
Single-center, prospective, observational trial.

Setting:
Tertiary-care pediatric teaching hospital, cardiac ICU.

Patients:
All patients admitted to the pediatric cardiac ICU with cardiopulmonary resuscitation events lasting greater than 2 minutes captured on video.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
Seventeen events comprising 264.5 minutes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation were included: 11 classic cardiopulmonary resuscitation events (87.5 min) and six extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation events (177 min). Events were divided into 30-second epochs, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality markers were assessed using video and telemetry data review of goal endpoints: end-tidal carbon dioxide greater than or equal to 15 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 30 mm Hg, chest compression fraction greater than 80% per epoch, and chest compression rate between 100 and 120 chest compression per minute. Additionally, each chest compression pause (hands-off event) was recorded and timed. When compared with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation, classic cardiopulmonary resuscitation epochs were more likely to have end-tidal carbon dioxide greater than or equal to 15 mm Hg (56% vs 6.2%; p = 0.01) and provide chest compression between 100 and 120 times per minute (112 vs 134 chest compression per minute; p < 0.001). No difference was found between classic cardiopulmonary resuscitation and extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in compliance with diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 30 mm Hg (38% classic cardiopulmonary resuscitation vs 30% extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation). There were 135 hands-off events: 52 in classic cardiopulmonary resuscitation and 83 in extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (p = 0.12).

Conclusions:
Classic cardiopulmonary resuscitation had superior adherence to end-tidal carbon dioxide goals and chest compression rate guidelines than extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Effects of Suit-Orthosis on Postural Adjustments During Seated Reaching Task in Children With Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Pavão Sílvia Leticia , Visicato Livia Pessarelli , da Costa Carolina Souza Neves , de Campos Ana Carolina , Rocha Nelci Adriana C. F. 
Published: June 2018

Aim:
To investigate suit-orthosis effects on postural sway during anticipatory and compensatory postural adjustments (APA and CPA, respectively) in a seated reaching task performed by children with cerebral palsy (CP).

Methods:
Twenty-nine children were divided according to Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) I and II-III. Participants were instructed to reach forward toward an object both in a no-suit condition and in a suit-orthosis condition.

Results:
Using the suit-orthosis, children at MACS II-III decreased velocity of center-of-pressure (CoP) sway during APA, whereas children at MACS I increased the anterior-posterior CoP displacement during CPA.

Conclusion:
Suit-orthosis improved postural stability in children at MACS II-III during APA. The suit may assist with arm function control during postural sway when preparing to reach for objects.

Clinical Implications:
Suit-orthoses in therapy should be individually prescribed considering the intended activity and person's motor impairment.
A Decade's Experience: A Sound Framework as the Foundation to Nasal Reconstruction
Authors: Lu Xiaona , Wang Huan , You Jianjun , Zhang Bo , Xu Yihao , Zheng Ruobing , Tian Le , Fan Fei 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The goal of nasal reconstruction surgery is to restore normal nasal shape and function, and its success begins with creating a stable framework. In this article the authors discuss the most advantageous materials for building such a framework and how to design this element to achieve better and more durable outcomes. This is a retrospective study including patients who underwent nasal reconstruction in our rhinoplasty and nasal reconstruction center at a tertiary referral hospital between 2006 and 2016. Data included patient characteristics, defect location, the reason for defect, use of supporting structure, flap, lining, and complications were recorded. The minimum postoperative follow-up was at least 6 months after the last operation. This study included 455 patients. Nasal defects treated most commonly involved zone 2 and an average defect of 4.2 subunits. Expanded forehead flap for cover with costal cartilage as a framework and turn-over flap combined with distal end of the flap for lining was the most common reconstruction method used in this study. The complication rate was 4.39% and nearly half of these complications were related to usage of an expander during reconstruction. Regardless of flap used, the supporting structure was the most critical element for the 3-dimensional shape of the reconstructed nose. As 1 of the 3 elements of nasal reconstruction, framework deserves adequate attention during such reconstruction.
Custom-Made Ocular Prosthesis for Atrophic Anophthalmic Cavity
Authors: Monken Luísa Fernandes , Coelho Luiza Vale , Costa Matheus Silva , de Arruda José Alcides Almeida , Mesquita Ricardo Alves , Moreno Amália 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The ocular prosthesis is a modality of facial prosthesis that acts on the repair of loss or deformity of the ocular globe. Prosthetic rehabilitations destined to anophthalmic cavities that suffered cicatricial retraction represent a challenge during fabrication since they often need to be reduced due to atrophic of the cavity and simultaneously need to have a good esthetic appearance regarding the contour and artificial iris. This clinical report describes the ocular prosthetic rehabilitation of a 77-year-old man with anophthalmic atrophic cavity due to herpes zoster-induced loss. The treatment focused on comfort and adaptation during use, on satisfactory retention and esthetic appearance, and on care to achieve total eye closure while wearing the ocular prosthesis. This article shows an unusual prosthetic rehabilitation of atrophic anophthalmic cavity with 6 months of follow-up.
Early Results of an Innovative Modified Central Pancreatectomy Technique Without Gastroenteric Drainage: Achieving Normal Pancreatic Function
Authors: Nasr Mohamed M. 
Published: June 2018

Purpose:
Central pancreatectomy (CP) has been used sparingly because the spectrum of indications is quite narrow. The author has modified the procedure of CP in such a way to avoid distal pancreatic segment drainage, in addition to reserving the patient euo-insulinemic.

Materials and Methods:
Between March 2010 and January 2015, 41 cases have been recruited. Cases presented with blunt abdominal trauma showing central pancreatic transection with or without duodenal transection have been recruited. Technique of CP has been modified to enable sparing distal pancreatic drainage procedure. The study describes a case series where the modified technique in the field of pancreatic surgery is applied on trauma patients through both laparoscopic and open approaches according to patients’ hemodynamic stability.

Results:
There was no pancreatic fistula, deficiency nor any of the major complications related to the traditional CP technique.

Conclusions:
None of the cases developed pancreatic necrosis or fistula, steatorrhea or showed picture of diabetes mellitus. The new technique has used the available anatomic and functional pancreatic facts to revolute sparing the distal pancreatic drainage procedure.
The burden of chronic breathlessness across the population
Authors: Ahmadi Zainab 
Published: June 2018

Purpose of review
Chronic breathlessness is a common and distressing symptom globally. It is associated with major adverse health outcomes. This review provides an overview of new evidence about the prevalence of chronic breathlessness in the population.

Recent findings
A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE database including studies on prevalence of chronic breathlessness and its impact on the community published between 2016 and 2018. Identified studies were divided into four themes: breathlessness in relation to sex, BMI, quality of life and age (the elderly). In the general population, breathlessness was twice as common in women as in men related to their smaller absolute lung volumes. Obesity was to be found an independent risk factor for chronic breathlessness. A strong association between chronic breathlessness and poor physical and mental health-related quality of life was found across all adult age groups. Among elderly people, breathlessness predicted activity of daily living decline over 5 years.

Summary
Interesting large population-based studies published recently have shed light on the association between chronic breathlessness and sex, obesity, quality of life and increasing age.
Development of an interactive open source software application (RadaR) for infection management / antimicrobial stewardship
Authors: Luz Christian F. , Berends Matthijs S. , Dik Jan-Willem H. , Lokate Mariëtte , Pulcini Céline , Glasner Corinna , Sinha Bhanu 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjectivesAnalysing process and outcome measures for patients suspected of or having an infection in an entire hospital requires processing large datasets and accounting for numerous patient parameters and treatment guidelines. Rapid, reproducible and adaptable analyses usually need substantial technical expertise but can yield valuable insight for infection management and antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) teams. We describe a software application (RadaR - Rapid analysis of diagnostic and antimicrobial patterns in R) for infection management allowing user-friendly, intuitive and interactive analysis of large datasets without prior in-depth statistical or software knowledge.Methods and ResultsRadaR was built in R, an open source programming language, making it free to use and adaptable to different settings. Shiny, an additional open source package to implement web-application frameworks in R, was used to develop the application. RadaR was developed in the context of a 1339-bed academic tertiary referral hospital to handle data of more than 180,000 admissions.RadaR visualizes analytical graphs and statistical summaries in an interactive manner within seconds. Users can filter large patient groups by 17 different criteria and investigate antimicrobial use, microbiological diagnostic use and results, and outcome in length of stay. Results can easily be stratified and grouped to compare individually defined patient groups. Finally, datasets of identified patients / groups can be downloaded for further analyses.ConclusionRadaR facilitates understanding and communication of trends in antimicrobial use, diagnostic use and patient outcome by linking and aggregating individual patient data in one user-friendly application. RadaR can produce aggregated data analysis while preserving patients’ features in the data to adjust and stratify results in detail. AMS teams can use RadaR to identify areas, both for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, within their institutions that might benefit from increased support and to target their interventions.
Investigating speech and language impairments in delirium: a preliminary case-control study
Authors: Green Samantha , Reivonen Satu , Rutter Lisa-Marie , Nouzova Eva , Duncan Nikki , Clarke Caoimhe , MacLullich Alasdair M. J. , Tieges Zoë 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIntroductionLanguage impairment is recognized as a diagnostic feature of delirium, yet there is little neuropsychological research on the nature of this dysfunction. Here we hypothesized that patients with delirium show impairments in language formation, coherence and comprehension.MethodsThis was a case-control study in 45 hospitalized patients (aged 65-97 years) with delirium, dementia without delirium, or no cognitive impairment (N=15 per group). DSM-5 criteria were used for delirium. Speech was elicited during (1) structured conversational questioning, and (2) the “Cookie Theft” picture description task. Language comprehension was assessed through standardized verbal and written commands. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed.ResultsDelirium and dementia groups scored lower on the conversational assessment than the control group (p<0.01, moderate effect sizes (r) of 0.48 and 0.51, resp.). In the Cookie Theft task, the average length of utterances (i.e. unit of speech), indicating language productivity and fluency, distinguished patients with delirium from those with dementia (p<0.01, r=0.50) and no cognitive impairment (p<0.01, r=0.55). Patients with delirium performed worse on written comprehension tests compared to cognitively unimpaired patients (p<0.01, r=0.63), but not compared to the dementia group.ConclusionsProduction of spontaneous speech, word quantity, speech content and verbal and written language comprehension are impaired in delirious patients compared to cognitively unimpaired patients. Additionally, patients with delirium produced significantly less fluent speech than those with dementia. These findings have implications for how speech and language are evaluated in delirium assessments, and also for communication with patients with delirium.