bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenging acquired pulmonary interstitial emphysema in an extreme preterm infant: A case report and review of literature
Authors: González López Clara , Lareu Vidal Sonia , Álvarez Muñoz Víctor , Crehuet Gramatyka David , González Sánchez Susana , Ibáñez Fernández Aleida , Arias Llorente Rosa Patricia 
Published: December 2024

Background Pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE) can occur in the immature lungs of preterm infants due to overdistension from mechanical ventilation. Case Report Preterm female infant (26 weeks of gestational age, 950 grams) born via urgent cesarean section, APGAR 1/3/6. Invasive mechanical ventilation during the first day of life transitioned to noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV), afterward initially stable. Apnea and bradycardia noted at 20 days of life, requiring endotracheal intubation, with complementary studies showing right PIE. Progressive emphysema deterioration, air trapping, and left lung atelectasis, with hemodynamic repercussion despite positioning, high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, and hemodynamic support with dopamine and dobutamine. Selective left intubation attempted positioning the infant, unsuccessful. Due to failure of conventional therapies and impossibility to achieve selective intubation, pediatric surgery performed endobronchial balloon occlusion with angioplasty balloon inflated with contrast with fluoroscopy control. Progressive improvement, weaning ventilatory settings with acceptable oxygenation. Balloon was retired after 5 days. Mechanical ventilation was discontinued at 52 days of life. Infant was discharged without respiratory support nor oxygen at 100 days of life. Conclusions PIE treatment is based in conventional measures (respiratory support and positioning) but eventually might require alternative techniques when the first fail, with limited work in pediatric population and further technical limitations in the preterm infants.
Pediatric Concussion Injuries in Soccer: Emergency Department Trends in the United States From 2012 to 2023
Authors: Sullivan Georgia R. , Lin Eugenia A. , Hoffer Alexander , Richardson Meghan , Chhabra Anikar 
Published: December 2024

Background: Because of growing concerns regarding repeated head trauma, in 2016, the United States Soccer Federation (USSF) banned headers for athletes aged ≤10 years and limited athletes aged 11 to 13 years to practicing headers for 30 minutes per week. Purpose: To assess whether the USSF header policy was associated with fewer soccer-related concussions after the 2015 season. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: A retrospective cohort from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database was assessed. Age, sex, and injury type were extracted for all soccer-related emergency department visits between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2023. Univariate and multiple regression analyses were used to assess concussions as a percentage of all soccer-related injuries based on sex, age group (6-9, 10-13, and 14-17 years), and year. The following time frames were assessed: 2012-2015, 2016-2019, and 2020-2023. Results: The proportion of concussions decreased from 8.2% of all soccer-related injuries in 2012-2015 to 6.1% in 2020-2023 ( P < .01). The relative risk reduction for soccer-related concussions presenting to an emergency department in 2020-2023 compared with 2012-2015 was 25.6%. Overall, the proportion of concussions among 10- to 13-year-old and 14- to 17-year-old players was higher than for 6- to 9-year-old players (6.6% and 8.9% vs 4.9%, respectively; P < .01). Despite having a lower frequency of soccer-related injuries overall, female players had a greater proportion of concussions than male players (9.6% vs 6.2% of all soccer-related injuries; P < .01). In the multiple regression analysis, injuries that occurred in 2020-2023 were associated with lower odds of concussion compared with 2012-2015 (odds ratio [OR], 0.75 [95% CI, 0.69-0.81]). Compared with 6- to 9-year-old and male players, the 10- to 13-year-old (OR, 1.30 [95% CI, 1.16-1.45]), 14- to 17-year-old (OR, 1.79 [95% CI, 1.61-1.99]), and female players (OR, 1.53 [95% CI, 1.43-1.63]) were associated with higher odds of concussion. Conclusion: A 25.6% reduction in the relative risk of presenting to the emergency department with a soccer-related concussion was found when comparing 2020-2023 (after USSF header policy implementation) with 2012-2015 (before policy implementation). The USSF youth soccer header policy may improve player safety by reducing head impacts in the pediatric population.
How individuals with psychosis develop and maintain resilience to suicidal experiences through psychological therapy: a qualitative study
Authors: Berry N. , Peters S. , Haddock G. , Scott A. , Harris K. , Cook L. , Awenat Y. , Gooding P. A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Almost half of people with psychosis have suicidal experiences. There is limited understanding of the processes underpinning psychological resilience to psychotic and suicidal experiences especially in people who have engaged with psychological talking therapies. Hence, the current study aimed to redress this gap by examining the perspectives of clients who had recent lived-experiences of psychosis, suicidality, and psychological therapy.

Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 35 participants who had psychosis and suicidal experiences in the three months prior to recruitment. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Results
There were four key psychological processes that contributed to resilience: (1) gaining a sense of control by nullifying perceptions of being controlled by overwhelming emotional and psychotic experiences, and instead, acquiring confident autonomy; (2) gaining a sense of hope facilitated by experiencing mental health problems on a fluctuating continuum, translating immersive positive memories into future possibilities, and embracing meaningful personal values; (3) developing genuine self-worth based on compassionate self-understanding, and affirmation of personal qualities; and (4) finding acceptance by being able to live alongside psychotic and suicidal experiences. Specific resilience components that participants developed through psychological therapy, together with their own knowledge and observations, were identified.

Conclusions
People who live with psychotic and suicidal experiences can, and do, experience psychological change and psychological resilience in response to psychological therapy. To promote resilience, practitioners should pursue a person-based, client-directed approach; embrace acceptance; and be open to exploring different ways of working with clients’ experiences of overwhelming thoughts and emotions.
Health care costs and service utilization in the first year following moderate to severe traumatic injury
Authors: Rasmussen Mari Storli , Zhang Yuan , Andelic Nada , Aas Eline 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Most of the previous studies on costs following trauma have focused solely on in-hospital costs and costs associated with the acute treatment and early rehabilitation. As a result, post-hospital costs are often neglected in the estimation of total costs. We aimed to describe service utilization and total costs for health care services, rehabilitation services, and social support in the periods 0–6 months and 7–12 months after moderate-to-severe traumatic injury. Further, we explored costs and their associations with sociodemographic, clinical and injury-related variables.

Methods
Data were obtained from a prospective, 12 months follow-up study of patients in all ages with moderate-to-severe traumatic injury determined by a New Injury Severity Score (NISS) > 9, admitted directly or within 72 h to the trauma referral centres in year 2020. Data on utilization of health care and rehabilitation services from the Norwegian Patient Register (NPR), the Municipal patient and user register (KPR), and the Norwegian Control and Payment of Health Reimbursements Database (KUHR) were used.

Results
A total of 601 patients were included, 24% with moderate and 76% with severe injuries. The overall mean total health care cost per patient in the first year after traumatic injury was 846,877 (SD 1,042,649) Norwegian Kroner (NOK). The mean total cost of rehabilitation per patient was 251,487 (SD 317,050) NOK. Most costs were attributable to secondary care in the first six months post-injury. Severely injured patients had a higher health care utilization and average cost compared to those with moderate injury. Injury severity factors were the most prominent cost drivers, and number of injuries, severe head, spine, and extremity injuries were significantly associated with higher costs during the first year following trauma.

Conclusions
The findings give a holistic insight into health care utilization and costs for patients across all ages with complex needs following trauma and can contribute to the planning and provision of services for this patient group.
Collaborative extended home-visits as a key to facilitating early support within the frame of a family centre in Sweden
Authors: Golsäter Marie , Andersson Ann-Christine 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
All children should have the possibility to be healthy during childhood, according to the Convention on the Rights of the Child. In Sweden, the Child Health Services (CHS) support all parents and children from birth until the age of six to promote children’s health and development. Some Swedish regions have introduced an extended home-visit programme, with CHS nurses and social workers visiting first-time parents together to provide parental support in collaboration. The programme aims to expand the task of promoting the child’s health and increase the possibilities of discovering risk factors in families earlier. The aim of the present study is to describe the professionals’ experiences of collaboration when introducing the extended home-visit programme to a broader population within the frame of a family centre.

Methods
The study used a reflexive thematic qualitative approach with focus group interviews. All staff at the family centre were invited to participate: CHS nurses, social workers, and managers who worked with the extended home-visit programme. Data were collected through focus group interviews with each profession separately and analysed through reflexive thematic analysis.

Results
One overarching theme emerged: A key to facilitating early support. Three connected themes – Ease for everyone on the family’s terms, From working alone to becoming a team, and A matter of supporting structures – illuminated the participants’ experiences. Their driving force was early detection of risk factors or needs in the family, to be able to provide support. The collaboration was enhanced by the different professional competencies complementing each other. That all were located at the family centre together was also important to facilitate collaboration.

Conclusions
The extended home-visits were appreciated and experienced as useful by all participants. That a family centre organization already existed was one of the facilitators, functioning as a meeting point to expand the collaboration. The managers’ support was essential, and it was experienced as positive that the organization invested resources to allow employees to participate in the development of the extended home-visit programmes. This way of working has the potential to add value for the children and families, and the CHS would benefit from using the extended home-visit programme further.
CRISPR/Cas9-induced double-strand breaks in the huntingtin locus lead to CAG repeat contraction through DNA end resection and homology-mediated repair
Authors: Sledzinski Pawel , Nowaczyk Mateusz , Smielowska Marianna Iga , Olejniczak Marta 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
The expansion of CAG/CTG repeats in functionally unrelated genes is a causative factor in many inherited neurodegenerative disorders, including Huntington’s disease (HD), spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs), and myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1). Despite many years of research, the mechanism responsible for repeat instability is unknown, and recent findings indicate the key role of DNA repair in this process. The repair of DSBs induced by genome editing tools results in the shortening of long CAG/CTG repeats in yeast models. Understanding this mechanism is the first step in developing a therapeutic strategy based on the controlled shortening of repeats. The aim of this study was to characterize Cas9-induced DSB repair products at the endogenous HTT locus in human cells and to identify factors affecting the formation of specific types of sequences.

Results
The location of the cleavage site and the surrounding sequence influence the outcome of DNA repair. DSBs within CAG repeats result in shortening of the repeats in frame in ~ 90% of products. The mechanism of this contraction involves MRE11-CTIP and RAD51 activity and DNA end resection. We demonstrated that a DSB located upstream of CAG repeats induces polymerase theta-mediated end joining, resulting in deletion of the entire CAG tract. Furthermore, using proteomic analysis, we identified novel factors that may be involved in CAG sequence repair.

Conclusions
Our study provides new insights into the complex mechanisms of CRISPR/Cas9-induced shortening of CAG repeats in human cells.
A retrospective study of provisional outcomes of intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy versus extracorporeal anastomosis during laparoscopic total gastrectomy for gastric cancer. a single -center
Authors: Diallo Maladho Tanta , Shuai Zhao , Chen Bangquan , Yu Yantao , Yan Zhang , Sun Qiannan , Wang Daorong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) treatment is increasingly undergoing laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) procedures. However, we conducted this research to evaluate postoperative outcomes, particularly surgical complications associated with intracorporeal and extracorporeal esophagojejunostomies using linear or circular stapling techniques following LTG for GC treatment. We aimed to compare short-term postoperative outcomes, such as surgical complications and anastomotic outcomes, between the two groups. Method
From January 2020 to August 2022, we conducted a retrospective analysis of data from 160 consecutive patients diagnosed with GC who received either IEJ (n = 35) or EEJ (n = 125) during LTG. We utilized the Mann–Whitney U test to ascertain the statistical significance between the two groups. For comparing categorical variables, including numbers and percentages, we employed either the Pearson chi-square test, continuity correction, or Fisher's exact test as appropriate.ResultsThe operative time was similar (IEJ: 184.57 ± 36.489 vs. EEJ: 189.22 ± 43.584; P = 0.565), however, the number of positive lymph nodes was performed more in the IEJ group (IEJ: 4.71 ± 6.114 vs. EEJ: 6.39 ± 9.067 (P = 0.305). The blood loss in the IEJ group was lower than that of the EEJ (IEJ: 73.1429.182 vs. EEJ: 100.6461.693 mL, P = 0.012). There were three anastomosis leakages in the EEJ and one in the IEJ group (EEJ, 3.2% vs. IEJ, 2.8%; P > 0.999). Anastomosis bleeding only occurred in the EEJ (EEJ 1%; P = 0.003). Although the EEJ linear stapling technique had two deaths (EEJ, 1.6%).ConclusionAlthough EEJ is frequently utilized in the linear stapling technique, research indicates that the use of IEJ minimizes the incidence of complications in LTG.
Cultivation and molecular characterization of viable Helicobacter pylori from the root canal of 170 deciduous teeth of children
Authors: Elger Wieland , Tegtmeyer Nicole , Rohde Manfred , Linz Bodo , Hirsch Christian , Backert Steffen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Helicobacter pylori is a persistent pathogen in the human stomach. However, the proposed transmission route via the oral cavity is not understood and under intense debate. While dozens of studies have shown by PCR that H. pylori DNA is frequently present in the oral cavity, data on the growth and characterization of viable H. pylori from this compartment are very scarce, and it is unclear whether the bacteria can survive in the oral cavity for longer time periods or even colonize it.

Methods
Selective growth methods, scanning electron microscopy, urease assay, Western blotting, PCR, and gene sequencing were applied to identify and examine viable H. pylori in decayed milk teeth.

Results
Here, we studied viable H. pylori in the plaque and root canals of 170 endodontically infected deciduous teeth that were extracted from 54 children. While H. pylori DNA was detected in several plaque and many root canal samples by PCR, live bacteria could only be cultivated from 28 root canals, but not from plaque. These 28 isolates have been identified as H. pylori by PCR and sequencing of vacA, cagA and htrA genes, phylogenetic analyses, protein expression of major H. pylori virulence factors, and by signal transduction events during infection of human cell lines.

Conclusions
Thus, the microaerobic environment in the root canals of endodontically infected teeth may represent a protected and transient reservoir for live H. pylori, especially in individuals with poor dental hygiene, which could serve as a potential source for re-infection of the stomach after antibiotic therapy or for transmission to other individuals.
Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibition leads to regression of acral melanoma by targeting the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Smith Eric A. , Belote Rachel L. , Cruz Nelly M. , Moustafa Tarek E. , Becker Carly A. , Jiang Amanda , Alizada Shukran , Prokofyeva Anastasia , Chan Tsz Yin , Seasor Tori A. , Balatico Michael , Cortes-Sanchez Emilio , Lum David H. , Hyngstrom John R. , Zeng Hanlin , Deacon Dekker C. , Grossmann Allie H. , White Richard M. , Zangle Thomas A. , Judson-Torres Robert L. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Acral melanoma (AM) is an aggressive melanoma variant that arises from palmar, plantar, and nail unit melanocytes. Compared to non-acral cutaneous melanoma (CM), AM is biologically distinct, has an equal incidence across genetic ancestries, typically presents in advanced stage disease, is less responsive to therapy, and has an overall worse prognosis.

Methods
An independent analysis of published sequencing data was performed to evaluate the frequency of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands and adapter protein gene variants and expression. To target these genetic variants, a zebrafish acral melanoma model and preclinical patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models were treated with a panel of RTK inhibitors. Residual PDX tumors were evaluated for changes in proliferation, vasculature, necrosis, and ferroptosis by histology and immunohistochemistry.

Results
RTK ligands and adapter proteins are frequently amplified, translocated, and/or overexpressed in AM. Dual FGFR/VEGFR inhibitors decrease acral-analogous melanocyte proliferation and migration in zebrafish, and the potent pan-FGFR/VEGFR inhibitor, Lenvatinib, uniformly induces tumor regression in AM PDX tumors but only slows tumor growth in CM models. Unlike other multi-RTK inhibitors, Lenvatinib is not directly cytotoxic to dissociated AM PDX tumor cells and instead disrupts tumor architecture and vascular networks.

Conclusion
Considering the great difficulty in establishing AM cell culture lines, these findings suggest that AM may be more sensitive to microenvironment perturbations than CM. In conclusion, dual FGFR/VEGFR inhibition may be a viable therapeutic strategy that targets the unique biology of AM.
Efficacy of colistin-based combinations against pandrug-resistant whole-genome-sequenced Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from hospitalized patients in Egypt: an in vitro/vivo comparative study
Authors: Attalla Eriny T. , Khalil Amal M. , Zakaria Azza S. , Evans Rhiannon , Tolba Nesrin S. , Mohamed Nelly M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Colistin resistance significantly constrains available treatment options and results in the emergence of pandrug-resistant (PDR) strains. Treating PDR infections is a major public health issue. A promising solution lies in using colistin-based combinations. Despite the availability of in vitro data evaluating these combinations, the in vivo studies remain limited.

Results
Thirty colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (ColRKp) isolates were collected from hospitalized patients. Colistin resistance was detected using broth microdilution, and antimicrobial susceptibility was tested using the Kirby-Bauer method against 18 antibiotics. Extremely high resistance levels were detected, with 17% of the isolates being PDR. Virulence profiling, assessed using Anthony capsule staining, the string test, and the crystal violet assay, indicated the predominance of non-biofilm formers and non-hypermucoid strains. The isolates were screened for mcr genes using polymerase chain reaction. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and bioinformatics analysis were performed to characterize the genomes of PDR isolates. No plasmid-borne mcr genes were detected, and WGS analysis revealed that PDR isolates belonged to the high-risk clones: ST14 (n = 1), ST147 (n = 2), and ST383 (n = 2). They carried genes encoding extended-spectrum β-lactamases and carbapenemases, blaCTX-M-15 and blaNDM-5, on conjugative IncHI1B/IncFIB plasmids, illustrating the convergence of virulence and resistance genes. The most common mechanism of colistin resistance involved alterations in mgrB. Furthermore, deleterious amino acid substitutions were also detected within PhoQ, PmrC, CrrB, ArnB, and ArnT. Seven colistin-containing combinations were compared using the checkerboard experiment. Synergy was observed when combining colistin with tigecycline, doxycycline, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, imipenem, or meropenem. The efficacy of colistin combined with either doxycycline or levofloxacin was assessed in vitro using a resistance modulation assay, and in vivo, using a murine infection model. In vitro, doxycycline and levofloxacin reversed colistin resistance in 80% and 73.3% of the population, respectively. In vivo, the colistin + doxycycline combination demonstrated superiority over colistin + levofloxacin, rescuing 80% of infected animals, and reducing bacterial bioburden in the liver and kidneys while preserving nearly intact lung histology.

Conclusions
This study represents the first comparative in vitro and in vivo investigation of the efficacy of colistin + doxycycline and colistin + levofloxacin combinations in clinical PDR ColRKp isolates characterized at a genomic level.
Wildfire assessment using machine learning algorithms in different regions
Authors: Moghim Sanaz , Mehrabi Majid 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Climate change and human activities are two main forces that affect the intensity, duration, and frequency of wildfires, which can lead to risks and hazards to the ecosystems. This study uses machine learning (ML) as an effective tool for predicting wildfires using historical data and influential variables. The performance of two machine learning algorithms, including logistic regression (LR) and random forest (RF), to construct wildfire susceptibility maps is evaluated in regions with different physical features (Okanogan region in the US and Jamésie region in Canada). The models’ inputs are eleven physically related variables to output wildfire probabilities.

Results
Results indicate that the most important variables in both areas are land cover, temperature, wind, elevation, precipitation, and normalized vegetation difference index. In addition, results reveal that both models have temporal and spatial generalization capability to predict annual wildfire probability at different times and locations. Generally, the RF outperforms the LR model in almost all cases. The outputs of the models provide wildfire susceptibility maps with different levels of severity (from very high to very low). Results highlight the areas that are more vulnerable to fire. The developed models and analysis are valuable for emergency planners and decision-makers in identifying critical regions and implementing preventive action for ecological conservation.