bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using optically pumped magnetometers to measure magnetoencephalographic signals in the human cerebellum
Authors: Lin Chin‐Hsuan , Tierney Tim M. , Holmes Niall , Boto Elena , Leggett James , Bestmann Sven , Bowtell Richard , Brookes Matthew J. , Barnes Gareth R. , Miall R. Chris 
Published: June 2019

Key points
The application of conventional cryogenic magnetoencephalography (MEG) to the study of cerebellar functions is highly limited because typical cryogenic sensor arrays are far away from the cerebellum and naturalistic movement is not allowed in the recording.
A new generation of MEG using optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) that can be worn on the head during movement has opened up an opportunity to image the cerebellar electrophysiological activity non‐invasively.
We use OPMs to record human cerebellar MEG signals elicited by air‐puff stimulation to the eye.
We demonstrate robust responses in the cerebellum.
OPMs pave the way for studying the neurophysiology of the human cerebellum.
AbstractWe test the feasibility of an optically pumped magnetometer‐based magnetoencephalographic (OP‐MEG) system for the measurement of human cerebellar activity. This is to our knowledge the first study investigating the human cerebellar electrophysiology using optically pumped magnetometers. As a proof of principle, we use an air‐puff stimulus to the eyeball in order to elicit cerebellar activity that is well characterized in non‐human models. In three subjects, we observe an evoked component at approx. 50 ms post‐stimulus, followed by a second component at approx. 85–115 ms post‐stimulus. Source inversion localizes both components in the cerebellum, while control experiments exclude potential sources elsewhere. We also assess the induced oscillations, with time‐frequency decompositions, and identify additional sources in the occipital lobe, a region expected to be active in our paradigm, and in the neck muscles. Neither of these contributes to the stimulus‐evoked responses at 50–115 ms. We conclude that OP‐MEG technology offers a promising way to advance the understanding of the information processing mechanisms in the human cerebellum.
Distributed Neogene faulting across the western to central Arizona metamorphic core complex belt: Synextensional constriction and superposition of the Pacific–North America plate boundary on the southern Basin and Range
Authors: Singleton John S. , Seymour Nikki M. , Reynolds Stephen J. , Vomocil Terence , Wong Martin S. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We present fault data from a belt of Miocene metamorphic core complexes in western and central Arizona (USA) to determine patterns of brittle strain during and after large-magnitude extension, and to evaluate the magnitude of postextensional dextral shear across the region. In the White Tank Mountains, coeval WNW- to NW-striking dextral, normal, and oblique dextral-normal faults accommodated constrictional strain with extension subparallel to the direction of ductile stretching during core complex development. Northwest-striking oblique dextral-normal faults locally accommodated similar strain in the Harquahala Mountains, whereas in the South Mountains, constriction was primarily partitioned on NE-dipping normal faults and conjugate NW- and north-striking strike-slip faults. We interpret brittle constrictional strain to have developed during the late stages of large-magnitude extension associated with core complex development and folding of detachment fault corrugations. The oblique orientation of the Arizona core complex belt with respect to the extension direction likely resulted in a minor component of dextral transtension, accounting for much of the constrictional strain. In addition, far-field stresses associated with the transtensional Pacific–North America plate boundary may have contributed to constriction, which characterizes most Neogene detachment fault systems in the southwest Cordillera. Following cessation of detachment fault slip across the Arizona core complex belt (ca. 14–12 Ma), distributed NW-striking dextral and oblique dextral–NE-side-up (reverse) faults modified the topographic envelope of corrugations to an orientation clockwise of the core complex extension direction. Based on our analysis of this misalignment, we interpret the postdetachment fault dextral shear strain to increase northwestward from 0.03 across the South Mountains (0.5–0.6 km total slip across 18 km) to >0.03–0.07 across the Harquahala and Harcuvar Mountains (1.2–2.5 km of total slip across ∼35 km) and ∼0.2 across the Buckskin-Rawhide Mountains (7–8 km across 36 km). This along-strike variation in dextral shear is consistent with the regional pattern of distributed strain associated with the Pacific–North America plate boundary, as cumulative dextral offset in the lower Colorado River region increases toward the eastern Mojave Desert region to the northwest.
Development and implementation of a commissioned pathway for the identification and stratification of liver disease in the community
Authors: Chalmers Jane , Wilkes Emilie , Harris Rebecca , Kent Lucy , Kinra Sonali , Aithal Guru , Holmes Mary , Johnson Jeanette , Morling Joanne , Guha Indra Neil 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveTo describe the development of the Nottingham liver disease stratification pathway, present a 12-month evaluation of uptake and stratification results, and compare the pathway with current British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) guidelines.DesignA referral pathway between primary and secondary care for the detection and risk stratification of liver disease.SettingFour Nottinghamshire clinical commissioning groups (700 000 population).PatientsPatients are referred to the pathway with (1) raised aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase (AST:ALT) ratio, (2) harmful alcohol use or (3) risk or presence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).InterventionsWe report on clinic attendance within secondary care for transient elastography (TE) and brief lifestyle intervention. The TE result is reported back to the general practitioner with advice on interpretation and referral guidance.Main outcome measuresPathway uptake, patient characteristics, liver disease stratification results and stakeholder feedback.ResultsOver the first 12 months 968 patients attended a TE clinic appointment, with raised AST:ALT ratio being the most common single reason for referral (36.9%). Of the total, 222 (22.9%) patients had an elevated liver stiffness (≥8 kPa), in whom 57 (25.7%) had a liver stiffness which was indicative of advanced chronic liver disease. If a traditional approach based on raised liver enzymes (BSG guidance) had been followed, 38.7% of those with significant liver disease (≥8 kPa) would have gone undetected among those referred for either NAFLD or raised AST:ALT ratio.ConclusionsTargeting patients with risk factors for chronic liver disease and stratifying them using TE can detect significant chronic liver disease above and beyond the approach based on liver enzyme elevation.
Implementation and role of modern musculoskeletal imaging in rheumatological practice in member countries of EULAR
Authors: Mandl Peter , Ciechomska Anna , Terslev L , Baraliakos Xenofon , Conaghan PG , D'Agostino Maria Antonietta , Iagnocco Annamaria , van der Laken Conny J , Ostergaard Mikkel , Naredo E 
Published: June 2019

ObjectivesTo document the current training, implementation and role of modern musculoskeletal imaging techniques: ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and positron emission tomography, among rheumatologists in the member countries of the EULAR.MethodsEnglish-language questionnaires for each imaging modality developed by a EULAR task force were sent out to national and international scientific societies as well as imaging experts in the given modalities involved in research and/or training. The surveys were distributed via an online survey tool (SurveyMonkey). Simple descriptive and summary statistics were calculated from the responses.ResultsMore than 90% of ultrasound (US) experts reported the availability of a US unit in their department. Suspicion of rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritides were the main clinical indications for performing US for diagnostic purposes. Suspicion of sacroiliitis and degenerative spine disease were the most common indications to perform magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) for diagnostic purposes, while positron emission tomography was mainly performed to diagnose large vessel vasculitis and to investigate fever of unknown origin. The reported percentage of rheumatologists performing US was highly variable, ranging from more than 80% in 6% of countries to less than 10% in 15% of countries. The majority of experts (77%) reported that their national rheumatology societies organise musculoskeletal US courses, while courses in MRI or CT organised by the national rheumatology societies were less commonly reported (29% and 8%, respectively).ConclusionsRheumatologists in Europe utilise modern imaging techniques; however, access to the techniques and training offered is varied.
Transparency, Fairness, Data Protection, Neutrality
Authors: Abiteboul Serge , Stoyanovich Julia 
Published: June 2019

The data revolution continues to transform every sector of science, industry, and government. Due to the incredible impact of data-driven technology on society, we are becoming increasingly aware of the imperative to use data and algorithms responsibly—in accordance with laws and ethical norms. In this article, we discuss three recent regulatory frameworks: the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), the New York City Automated Decisions Systems (ADS) Law, and the Net Neutrality principle, which aim to protect the rights of individuals who are impacted by data collection and analysis. These frameworks are prominent examples of a global trend: Governments are starting to recognize the need to regulate data-driven algorithmic technology.
Our goal in this article is to bring these regulatory frameworks to the attention of the data management community and to underscore the technical challenges they raise and that we, as a community, are well-equipped to address. The main takeaway of this article is that legal and ethical norms cannot be incorporated into data-driven systems as an afterthought. Rather, we must think in terms of responsibility by design, viewing it as a systems requirement.
Multicenter, Open-Label, Phase II Study of Bendamustine and Rituximab Followed by 90-Yttrium (Y) Ibritumomab Tiuxetan for Untreated Follicular Lymphoma (Fol-BRITe)
Authors: Lansigan Frederick , Costa Cristiana A. , Zaki Bassem I. , Yen Stephanie P. , Winer Eric S. , Ryan Helen , Findley Darcie , Metzler Sara R. , Shaw Lynn , Toaso Bonnie , MacKenzie Todd A. , Chen Youdinghuan , Beaven Anne W. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
Bendamustine and rituximab (BR) has been established as a superior frontline therapy over R-CHOP in the treatment of follicular lymphoma (FL). Yttrium-90 Ibritumomab tiuxetan (90YIT) is an effective consolidation strategy after chemotherapy induction. This prospective, single-arm, multicenter, phase II trial evaluated the response rate, progression-free survival (PFS), and tolerability of BR followed by consolidation with 90YIT in patients with untreated FL.

Patients and Methods:
The study included grade 1 to 3a FL patients aged ≥18 years, chemotherapy-naïve, and requiring treatment for stage II–IV disease. Study treatment included an initial rituximab treatment, followed by four cycles of BR. Patients were eligible for consolidation with 90YIT, 6 to 12 weeks after BR, if they obtained at least a partial response after induction had adequate count recovery and bone marrow infiltration &lt; 25%.

Results:
Thirty-nine patients were treated. Eighty-two percent had an intermediate or high-risk Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index score, and 6 of 39 (15%) were grade 3a. The response rate was 94.8%, and the complete response(CR)/CR unconfirmed (CRu) rate was 77% in the intention-to-treat analysis. The conversion rate from PR to CR/Cru after 90YIT was 81%. After median follow-up of 45 months, the PFS was 0.71 (95% confidence interval, 0.57–0.89).

Conclusions:
This report demonstrates that four cycles of BR followed by consolidation with 90YIT achieve high response rates that are durable. In addition, consolidation with 90YIT results in a high conversion rate of PR to CR/CRu. A short course of BR followed by 90YIT is a safe and effective regimen for frontline treatment of FL.
The status of wild canids (Canidae, Carnivora) in Vietnam
Authors: Hoffmann Michael , Abramov Alexei , Duc Hoang Minh , Trai Le Trong , Long Barney , Nguyen An , Son Nguyen Truong , Rawson Ben , Timmins Robert , Bang Tran Van , Willcox Daniel 
Published: June 2019

Four species of wild canids are documented as occurring in Vietnam: Dhole Cuon alpinus, Eurasian Golden Jackal Canis aureus, Red Fox Vulpes vulpes and Raccoon Dog Nyctereutes procyonoides. Except for Dhole, all species are widely distributed globally and are listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Concerned by the paucity of recent records of these species from Vietnam, especially in the context of rapidly declining mammal populations in the country in general, we undertook a review of the status of these species in Vietnam. All traceable and potentially verifiable canid records from 01 January 2002 until 31 December 2018 were collated and reviewed. The Dhole, formerly the most widely distributed of all canid species in Vietnam, and Raccoon Dog, apparently formerly widely distributed in the northern part of the country, appear to have both declined; Dhole is now either extirpated, or close to extirpation, while Raccoon Dog is of uncertain status. The Eurasian Golden Jackal does not seem to have been reliably observed in the wild since 2004, although it is possible the species may persist in some areas. Red Fox has only ever been known from a handful of records, and the current status of this species is unknown. In summary, Vietnam cannot be considered to sustain healthy populations of any of its four native wild canid species. These declines seem largely attributable to hunting of both the canids themselves and, for Dhole, their prey base, exacerbated by habitat loss.
LncRNA-ANRIL promotes gastric cancer progression by enhancing NF-kB signaling
Authors: Deng Wei , Zhang Yulong , Cai Jun , Zhang Jun , Liu Xiaoye , Yin Jie , Bai Zhigang , Yao Hongwei , Zhang Zhongtao 
Published: June 2019

Metastasis is the most challenging issue for gastric cancer, and identification of the molecular mechanism and suitable targets for treatment is the major purpose of recent research. In this study, we found the long non-coding RNA ANRIL was critical for the progression of gastric cancer. Knockdown of ANRIL (also known as CDKN2B-AS) with shRNA increased apoptosis, inhibited tumor growth, and suppressed migration of cancer cells. TET2 (Tet Methylcytosine Dioxygenase 2), a methylcytosine dioxygenase suppressed ANRIL function and prevented cancer progression. Patients with higher TET2 expression survived better, while with higher ANRIL survived worse. Furthermore, expressions of TET2 and ANRIL were negatively correlated in the patient samples. The mechanistic study suggested that ANRIL promoted tumor progression mainly by enhancing NF-kB signaling. Impact statement Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. The lack of curative therapeutic options ascribes to the complex genetic background and heterogeneity of gastric cancer. Understanding the molecular details of the disease and identifying the therapeutic targets would offer additional treatment options. Long non-coding RNA ANRIL was involved in the progression of many cancers, including gastric cancer, but the mechanism was unknown. The current study indicated that ANRIL supported tumor cell survival by inhibiting apoptosis and promoted metastasis by enhancing NF-kB signaling. NF-kB signaling was critical in tumor progression, and this study proved another long non-coding RNA that could regulate NF-kB signaling. ANRIL would be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for gastric cancer prognosis and treatment.
THEORETICAL-EXPERIMENTAL POSSIBILLITIES OF MICROSTRUCTURE QUANTIFICATION OF DISPERSION STRENGTHENED MATERIALS
Authors: Besterci Michal , Sülleiová Katarína 
Published: June 2019

<p>The present paper is devoted to the possibilities to classify the spatial arrangement of the elements (features) of a stochastic process with geometrical objects. The fundamental quantities describing point processes were introduced. Experimental possibilities of structural objects determination, possibilities of evaluation of the size distribution of the secondary phases, testing of planar point structures (estimation of the process intensity, square method and characteristics of the second order) were estimated. Interparticle distances, namely mean interparticle distance, mean minimum distance, mean visibility and mean path of spherical contact were defined. Selected processes were described and demonstrated from simulated realizations on Al-Al<sub>4</sub>C<sub>3 </sub> dispersion strengthened material, prepared by a powder metallurgy method of reaction milling. Interparticle distances of Al<sub>4</sub>C<sub>3</sub> particles were evaluated. Polygonal methods and quadrant counts method were used for characterization of the particle arrangement.</p>
TRANSPARÊNCIA PÚBLICA MUNICIPAL: UMA ANÁLISE DOS MUNICÍPIOS MINEIROS QUE DECRETAM CALAMIDADE FINANCEIRA
Authors: Sediyama Gislaine Aparecida Santana , Anjos Daniela Araújo dos , Felix Eliane Maria 
Published: June 2019

Objetivou-se analisar a evidenciação das informações contábeis, financeiras e orçamentárias dos municípios mineiros que decretaram calamidade financeira e verificar se estas informações permitiam que os cidadãos inferissem sobre a materialidade da calamidade decretada. Para tanto, confrontou-se as informações divulgadas nos portais eletrônicos dos municípios e as exigências legais impostas pela LRF, Lei de Acesso a Informação e Lei da Transparência. Constatou-se que os municípios não cumpriram todas as exigências legais em termos de evidenciação nos sites oficiais das prefeituras, mas que o cidadão poderia acessá-las em sistemas de informações disponibilizados pelo Tribunal de Contas do Estado e o Sistema de Informações Contábeis e Fiscais do Setor Público Brasileiro. Assim, conclui-se que o cidadão poderia inferir sobre a calamidade pública financeira em nove dos dezessete municípios analisados, se conhecessem os demais sistemas de informações contábeis.
Managing the Measurement of Colonoscopy Quality
Authors: Dominitz Jason A. , Ko Cynthia W. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The adenoma detection rate (ADR) is our current best colonoscopy quality indicator, but it is not without limitations. In this issue of the Journal, novel ADR benchmarks are proposed based on historical local colonoscopy results. These minimally acceptable, standard of care, and aspirational benchmarks may encourage continuous quality improvement through the explicit determination of notably higher but proven achievable ADR targets, although validation in clinical practice is needed. Ultimately, we must transition from ADR measurement to the implementation of robust quality improvement processes that assure the best outcomes for our patients.
Jurnalisme Warga: Liyan, Timpang dan Diskriminatif
Authors: Eddyono Aryo Subarkah , HT Faruk , Irawanto Budi 
Published: June 2019

Keterlibatan warga dalam menyampaikan informasi yang luput dilakukan oleh jurnalis profesional masih bisa kita lihat hingga kini. Terutama pada peristiwa-peristiwa bencana alam seperti gempa dan tsunami yang melanda Palu dan Donggala pada akhir September 2018. Hal ini menunjukkan praktik jurnalisme warga masih mungkin dijalankan. Hanya saja, di ranah akedemis, riset jurnalisme warga di Indonesia tidak terlalu variatif dan terkesan berjalan di tempat, didominasi pembicaraan sejauh mana peran dan efektivitasnya berdasarkan model-model tertentu. Situasi ini sebaiknya diatasi. Salah satunya dengan menghadirkan cara berpikir cultural studies dalam mengkaji isu-isu jurnalisme warga. Cultural studies atau kajian budaya adalah kajian kritis yang mampu membantu periset menyelami beragam hal, yakni representasi, regulasi, identitas, konsumsi, dan produksi di mana masing-masing bisa saling terkait satu sama lain. Masalah lain yang saya temukan adalah pemahaman jurnalisme warga, yang selama ini berkembang perlu dikritisi karena tidak kontekstual dan cenderung asal klaim. Saya beranggapan jurnalisme warga adalah praktik yang timpang, eksklusif, elitis, dan diskriminatif. Keberadaaannya menjadi liyan bagi jurnalisme dominan. Artikel ini juga merupakan autokritik atas pemahaman saya soal jurnalisme warga dalam riset saya sebelumnya. Kata kunci: jurnalisme warga, kajian budaya, keberagaman informasi, demokrasi, distingsi
KARIKATUR IKLAN POLITIK MEDIA LUAR RUANG JANGAN MEMBELI KUCING DALAM KARUNG
Authors: Suryono Joko , Astuti Purwani Indri , Rahayu Nuryani Tri , Hariyanto Hariyanto , Widayati Mukti 
Published: June 2019

Iklan Politik Media Luar Ruang Honda Hendarto tampil dengan ciri khusus menggunakan bahasa karikatur. Iklan ini biasanya menampilkan kandidat dengan gambar nyata yaitu : photo kandidat dengan gesturetertentu , logo partai politik, nama partai politik, tag line, nomor urut, background warna partai, dan nama caleg. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami makna konotatif kontruksi dan makna konfiguratif tanda non verbal dan verbal Karikatur Iklan Politik Media Luar Ruang Honda Hendarto.Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dengan teknik menyimak. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah tanda non verbal Karikatur Iklan Politik Media Luar Ruang Honda Hendarto dan tanda verbal peribahasa Jangan Membeli Kucing dalam Karung. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisa semiotika dan pandangan stilistika Hasil penelitian iniadalah bahwaKaritur tersebut memiliki makna konotatif : 1) tentang sosok Honda Hendarto yang ingin membangun mitos dirinya, sebagai seorang pemikir besar, visioner , ramah, sederhana, memiliki solidaritas, menghargai tradisi masyarakat, tulus, kuat, berwibawa, memiliki keinginan kuat, berjuang untuk rakyat, menyerap aspirasi rakyat, mewujudkan harapan rakyat dan menjadi jembatan antar rakyat, pemerintah dan wakil rakyat 2) Pendidikan politik kepada pemilih untuk berpikir kritis saat memilih Presiden dan Wakil Presiden, wakil rakyat, sehingga mengetahui kondisi orang yang dipilihnya, yang menyangkut kinerja, visi misi, program kerja dan citra pribadinya, seperti peribahasa Jangan Membeli Kucing dalam Karung, yang termasuk dalam bagian transasksi gharar. Transaksi ghararadalah semua transaksi yang mengandung (al-jahalah) ketidakjelasan,(al-khathr) pertaruhan, atau perjudian.Peribahasa ini unsur yang paling menonjol (foregrounding) dalam karikatur tersebut dan termasuk dalam bahasa konfiguratif metafora.