bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gall bladder ejection fraction as a marker of autonomic neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kalyani D. Vasantha , Sheela P. R. , Kumar P. Suresh , Nagalingam Saranya 
Published: June 2019

Background: Diabetic neuropathy is one of the commonest complications of diabetes mellitus and associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. The influence of diabetes on gall bladder function was not demonstrated in many studies. In this study, the association of fasting gall bladder volume and gall bladder ejection fraction with degree of cardiac autonomic neuropathy was assessed and correlated with duration of diabetes and severity of diabetes..Methods: The study was conducted in Government Sivagangai Medical College Hospital, Sivagangai, Madurai during a period of January 2018 to September 2018 as a Prospective observational study conducted among 100 patients in study group and 50 healthy subjects in control group. The aim of the study was to find out the incidence of autonomic neuropathy in study group by simple bed side tests, to determine the fasting gall bladder ejection fraction in diabetics, comparison of gall bladder volume in both study and control group, correlation of gall bladder ejection fraction with autonomic neuropathy.Results: The incidence of CAN is found to be high with longer duration of the disease and the degree is also correlated with duration of the disease. The correlation coefficient of this association is 0.792 which indicates high correlation. The correlation of severity of DM with incidence and degree of CAN was 0.81 which indicates high correlation and also the study showed an increase in the FGBV and a decrease in the GBEF with increase in the severity of cardiac autonomic neuropathy.Conclusions: In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the gall bladder ejection fraction is significantly related to the duration of diabetes mellitus and degree of hyperglycemia in addition to cardiac autonomic neuropathy(CAN). Similarly, fasting gall bladder volume (FGBV) is significantly increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with cardiac autonomic neuropathy.
Investigation of acute diarrhoea outbreak at Narasapura, Kolar
Authors: . Vishwas , . Ravishankar 
Published: June 2019

Background: Greatest risk of acute diarrhea outbreaks occurs in over-populated communities & refugee settings characterized by poor sanitation, unsafe drinking-water and increased person to person transmission. Because the incubation period is very short, number of cases can rise extremely quickly and it calls for a prompt and thorough investigation. There were reports of cases of acute diarrhoea and based on the preliminary field work, the existence of an outbreak was confirmed. Hence it was decided to investigate the outbreak with objectives to determine the causes and source of acute diarrhoea outbreak at Narasapura village in Kolar and to suggest control measures.Methods: The cross sectional study was conducted in Narasapura village of Kolar which is a fast growing industrial area. All the households and migratory settlements of the affected area were included. Attack rates of the disease were computed, epidemic curve drawn and the results were analyzed to draw conclusions. Control measures were applied simultaneously.Results: The diarrhoea attack rate at AD colony was 10%. Males (65%) were more affected compared to females (35%). 15.4% stool samples were positive for Vibrio cholera and 18% of the water samples was found to be non-portable. Vibrio cholerae O1 biotype El Tor serotype Ogawa strain was implicated as the cause for present outbreak.Conclusions: Cholera continues to be a public health problem in migratory settings, causing disease outbreaks. Environmental risk factors and lack of awareness are the contributory factors which need to be addressed.
Knowledge and attitude of health care professional’s towards clinical pharmacy services in Nedjo General Hospital, Western Ethiopia
Authors: Fekadu Ginenus , Gamachu Busha , Mengie Teklie , Maqbool Mudasir 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Clinical pharmacy service (CPS) is an expanding patient-oriented, hospital role with the potential for encroachment on the physician's role. In large part, the success of CPS will depend on the degree to which other health professionals accept the concept and are willing to cooperate with its disciples. Unfortunately, our information about the degree of knowledge regarding acceptance and reaction toward clinical pharmacy by other health workers is meager.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross sectional study design was carried out by using self–administered questionnaires on 110 health care professionals (HCP) in Nedjo General Hospital 10th March to 10th April, 2018.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> From the total respondents 91 (82.7%) were males and majority of them were nurses 46 (41.8%) followed by midwifes 23 (20.9%). This study showed that 67 (60.9%) of the HCPs had a good knowledge and 67.3% of the HCPs had a positive attitude about CPS. There was no significant difference between the HCPs knowledge of clinical pharmacy services in relation to their sex (p=0.744), age (p=0.313), profession (p=0.997), level of education (p=0.509), and experience (p=0.553). Regarding HCPs’ attitude of CPs role, there was no significant difference in relation to their sex (p=0.588), age (p=0.144), profession (p=0.059) and experience (p=0.394). However, the study revealed that there was a significant difference (p=0.009) between HCPs attitude and level education of HCPs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Majority of the HCPs had a good knowledge and a positive attitude towards CPS. Attention should focus to hospitals to implement ward based CPS and increasing inter-professional relationships between HCPs and pharmacists. </p>
Comparative study between throat swab and ear discharge swabs culture and sensitivity findings in pediatric patients with bilateral chronic otitis media
Authors: M. S. Sudhakar Rao , T. P. Navneeth 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic otitis media is one of the common infections seen in pediatric age group. The most widely recognized route of infection is via the eustachian tube. The inflammation of the pharyngeal end of the eustachian tube may prevent gas exchange, leading to lowering of the middle ear pressure and predisposes to aspiration of nasopharyngeal microbes into the middle ear cleft.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Eighty (80) cases of clinically diagnosed chronic otitis media among pediatric age group of both sexes selected on simple random basis were included in this study. Swabs from both ears and throat were taken and the samples were sent under strict aseptic conditions for culture and sensitivity testing. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The mean age of patients was 6.1years and the frequency of chronic otitis media was maximum in 1-5 years age group. Male to female ratio was 1.6:1.The most frequent organism isolated was <em>S. Aureus</em> followed by <em>Psuedomonas</em>. The ear swab and throat swab findings showed positive relationship (p&lt;0.05) for the common organisms i.e., <em>S. Aureus</em>, <em>pseudomonas</em> and <em>Streptococcus pyogenes</em> respectively, thus suggesting a common etiological agent. Psuedomonal infection was found to be associated with large perforation in tympanic membrane.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The pathology in bilateral ear disease is central i.e., throat. Treatment in these cases is focused on selected drug with optimum dose and calculated regimen of treatment completely, thus reducing the morbidity of loss of physiological function of the ear and the grave complications involved.</p><p> </p>
A retrospective study on head and neck malignancies in a tertiary care hospital in Telangana region
Authors: Deva Kumar K. Samson , Bhushan Ivaturi Phani , . Novshaba , Annam Chandra Shekhar 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Globally head and neck cancers constitute amongst 10 most common cancers. In Asia especially in India, global head and neck cancers account to 57.5%.However the true incidence of head and neck cancers in India is hidden suggesting it as ‘tip of iceberg’. India is regarded as having the greatest risk of cancer burden, the reason being population overgrowth. India being the country of diversity, varied cultures and traditions, the demographic characteristic of these cancers also vary in different individuals.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> All patients diagnosed with head and neck malignancy after histological confirmation between August 2014 and July 2018 were selected from hospital records. Data regarding age, gender, risk factors, socio economic status, clinical features, staging were taken and statistical analysis was done. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 269 cases were collected out of which, 77% of all malignances in males and 23% in females. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histological type (94%). Maximum Incidence of HNC (51.6%) was in 40-60 yrs of age. Tobacco was most prevalent risk factor: 58.36% patients present at early stage, 41.63% present at late stage.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Oral cancers were most common among all. There is male predominance. Tobacco is the most common modifiable risk factor and most patients presenting at an early stage.</p>
Nasal irrigation using saline at room temperature or body temperature: which is more beneficial in chronic rhinosinusitis?
Authors: Behera Subrat K. , Radhakrishnan Sruthi Thattamparambil , Swain Smruti 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Mucociliary clearance in nasal mucosa shows changes with temperature. In cold climate, it is expected to decrease, thus contributing to exacerbation of rhinosinusitis symptoms. If we raise the temperature of saline used for nasal irrigation to the normal body temperature, can it overcome this problem in cold climate? This study aims to examine whether irrigation using saline that is heated to 37<sup>°</sup>C has any superiority compared to irrigation using saline at 18<sup>0</sup>C in rhino sinusitis treatment.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Prospective double blind study done in a tertiary care centre from November 2017 to March 2018. 32 patients of chronic rhinosinusitis were divided into 2 groups. Group A received saline nasal irrigation using saline at 18<sup>o</sup>c and Group B received irrigation with saline at 37<sup>o</sup>c for 2 weeks. Saccharine transit time and sino nasal outcome test (SNOT-22) scores were calculated before and after treatment in both groups and the results compared. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Saccharine transit time improved from mean pretreatment value of 12.4±5.52 minutes to 9.1±6.3 minutes in Group A and from 12.82±6.3 to 8.5±6.45 in Group B (p=0.0212). Mean SNOT-22 score decreased from 58.8±5.6 to 41.4±4.8 in Group A and from 57.5±4.2 to 37.9±5.1 in Group B after treatment (p&lt;0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Nasal irrigation using saline at 37<sup>0</sup>C is more effective than saline at 18<sup>°</sup>C in increasing mucociliary clearance and improving symptoms in chronic rhinosinusitis patients.</p>
Clinical and pathophysiological study of patients with vertigo at SAIMS, Indore
Authors: Patni Digant , Tyagi Alok , Munjal Vishal R. 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> This was a prospective, descriptive study performed by collecting and analyzing the results of vestibular exams, evoked myogenic potential tests, pure tone audiometry test and impedence test performed in the Otorhinolaryngology Department of Sri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Sciences, Indore.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a prospective, descriptive study performed by collecting and analyzing the results of vestibular exams, evoked myogenic potential tests, pure tone audiometry test and impedence test performed in the Otorhinolaryngology Department of Sri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Sciences, Indore. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In age group of 20 to 60, maximum number of patients were in group of 31-40 (16), followed by 51-60 (15), followed by 20-30 (24.) Maximum positive seen in Romberg (07), followed by nystagmus (06), followed by Dix-Hallpike (06). The patients in our study (30 out of 50) were suffering from hypertension. Two patients were of Meniere’s disease and rest 16 were of SNHL, 08 were of SNHL and BPPV combined. The rest of the cases were of mixed hearing loss and other central hearing loss causes will have be ruled out.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The main aim of study is to study clinicopathological aspects in patients with vertigo. We also studied incidence of SNHL in our study. It has been established by this study that hypertension is one the major causes of vertigo in patients whereas VEMP has not proven to be very beneficial in our study to see peripheral vertigo patients. Most of the patients with BPPV also had a normal cVEMP which showed that it was not a very reliable instrument in BPPV.</p>
Assessment of chronic suppurative otitis media patients with cholesteatoma on the basis of gadolinium enhanced T1-T2 weighted images of MRI
Authors: Verma Sumeer , Arora Anshu , Jain Ajay Kumar 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The propensity for ossicular destruction is much greater in case of unsafe CSOM due to presence of cholesteatoma and/or granulations. Partial or total destruction of ossicles is seen in approximately 80% of patients with cholesteatoma, whereas in chronic otitis media without cholesteatom, ossicular chain erosion can be seen in approximately 20% cases.The present study aims to evaluate the clinical profile of patients of unsafe chronic suppurative otitis media with cholesteatoma and assesses patients on the basis of gadolinium enhanced T<sub>1</sub>-T<sub>2</sub> weighted images of MRI.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study was conducted among patients who were fulfilling the criteria for unsafe CSOM i.e., retraction pocket in pars tensa, marginal perforation, perforation in pars flaccida, presence of granulation tissue, presence of polyp, blood stained discharge etc. were selected for the study. MRI was performed in all cases by using gadolinium enhanced T<sub>1</sub>-T<sub>2</sub> sequences for diagnosis of cholesteatoma. Mastoidectomy was done to confirm the findings of MRI. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In maximum number of cases perforation was found in attic region. Most common complication of disease is the ossicular chain erosion. In present study sensitivity was 84%, specificity was 100% and positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 100% and 66% respectively.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> It can be concluded that MRI can differentiate cholesteatoma from other inflammatory etiology. By using MRI with 1.5 or 3T unit a small cholesteatoma (even 2-3 mm) can be easily detected at its early stage and further complications can be prevented.</p>
Factors affecting audiological performance and speech intelligibility in prelingually deaf children after cochlear implantation: a study
Authors: Hota Abhipsa 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The primary aim is to understand the factors affecting the audiological, speech and language outcome in prelingually deaf children, with bilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss, who have undergone cochlear implantation.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 40 prelingually deaf children, with bilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss, who have undergone cochlear implantation were enrolled. Auditory performance and speech intelligibility was gauged by revised categories of auditory performance (CAP) score and speech intelligibility rating (SIR) respectively, preoperatively and at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year post cochlear implantation. These values were analysed using statistical package for social sciences with respect to duration of auditory deprivation, duration of use of hearing aid prior to cochlear implantation, duration of auditory verbal therapy prior to cochlear implantation and age of child at cochlear implantation. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> There is a negative relation between CAP and duration of auditory deprivation at 6 months and 1 year post cochlear implantation. Also, negative relation is seen between CAP and age of child at cochlear implantation at 6 months and 1 year post cochlear implantation. There is a negative relation between SIR and duration of auditory deprivation at 6 months and 1 year post cochlear implantation. Also, negative relation is seen between SIR score and age of child at cochlear implantation at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year post cochlear implantation.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Lesser the auditory deprivation and younger the child at cochlear implantation, better is the audiological performance and speech intelligibility post cochlear implantation.</p><p> </p>
Large dentigerous cyst in the maxillary sinus causing bone erosion of the sinus walls
Authors: Disher Mohanned A. , Ali Amjed H. , Beden Imad G. 
Published: June 2019

Dentigerous cyst is a type of odontogenic cysts occurs in the ages of twenties or thirties and rarely occurs in the first decade of life with male predominance. In this report, a case of a large dentigerous cyst in 34 years old female patient complaining from progressive painful swelling of the right cheek for a month duration. CT scan of the paranasal sinuses showed a well-defined solitary expansile right maxillary cystic mass eroding the antero-lateral maxilla, with a crown of a tooth projecting inside the cystic cavity. The dentigerous cyst totally enucleated through sublabial incision in combination with nasal endoscopic approach. The unerupted tooth removed from inside the right maxillary antrum. Follow-up at 2 weeks showed no abnormality at the surgical site and no any paresthesia.
Cavernous hemangioma of left nasal meatus
Authors: Thimmaiah Anil Hanakere , Gangaraj Smitha Soubhagya , Paul Thara Rachel 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract">Hemangiomas are benign accumulations of blood vessels which occur in any tissue that includes vascular components like skin, mucosa, muscles, glands and bones. Hemangiomas arising in the nose are rare and account for less than 20% of all benign tumors of nose. They usually arise from inferior turbinate, middle turbinate and vomer. We present a case of cavernous hemangioma of left nasal cavity arising from mucosa of left middle meatus mimicking an antrochoanal polyp. Hemangiomas arising from middle meatus are extremely rare and to our knowledge this is the second case reported in literature.</p><p> </p>
A cross-sectional survey of orthopaedicians to understand the prescribing pattern of disease modifying osteoarthritis drugs in osteoarthritis
Authors: Saini Naveen , Rawat Santosh , Saresa Hiten , Mehta Kapil Dev , Jain Rishi 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Numerous dietary supplements with disease-modifying action are available in Indian market. However, doctor’s preferences for these disease modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs) to prevent progression of OA are not known. The objective of this study was to quantify doctor preferences for potential DMOADs.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The survey instrument (online survey questionnaire at survey monkey) was developed by researchers upon review of existing literature and detailed discussion with practicing clinicians. Face and content validity and reliability (test-retest method) was assessed through a focused panel of clinicians to determine if content was adequate to obtain the necessary data. This was a cross-sectional digital survey of 207 orthopaedicians during Indian Orthopaedic Association Conference-2018 organized at Coimbatore.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> NSAIDs + DMOAD combinations were the most preferred treatment option for newly diagnosed OA patients. 44% orthopaedicians prefer to start the treatment with combination of NSAID and DMOAD as compared to 10% with paracetamol monotherapy. Glucosamine/chondroitin combinations are the most commonly preferred DMOAD by the orthopaedicians; followed by undenatured type II collagen. 66% of the doctors surveyed opined that the efficacy of undenatured type-II collagen is better as compared to other DMOADs.</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong>The findings from the survey suggest that majority of orthopaedicians prefer to prescribe NSAID with DMOAD combinations for newly diagnosed osteoarthritis patients.<p> </p>
Surgical management of basicervical fracture neck of femur with dynamic hip screw and derotation screw: a prospective study
Authors: Kulambi Vijaykumar S. , Satish Ajay Shringeri , Rangaraja Prathik 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Basicervical region of femur is that part of femur which is intermediate between neck and intertrochanteric region. Fracture in this region carry substantially higher chances of failure due to greater fracture angle and are rotationally unstable. If treated inadequately they carry very high chances of fracture non-union and theoretically risk of osteonecrosis. The objective of the study was to analyse functional outcome of basicervical fracture neck of femur fixation with dynamic hip screw and de-rotation screw in a tertiary care hospital.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 35 cases of basicervical fracture neck of femur admitted in Chigatteri General Hospital and Bapuji Hospital affiliated to JJM Medical College Davangere, in the period of October 2015 to October 2018. Functional outcome was assessed according to Modified Harris Hip Score after one year of follow up.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The fracture union was found in 100% cases, average time period for fracture union was 12.28±3.71 weeks (11-15 weeks range). The results according to Modified Harris hip score were excellent in 70%, good in 11.4%. good in 5.7% and poor in 2.8% at the end of one year. The correlation analysis with Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) was 0.74 which show a highly positive correlation between the union of basicervical fracture neck of femur with dynamic hip screw and derotation screw.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> With the study of 35 cases of basicervical fracture neck femur we conclude that these are a unique type of fractures mid-way between neck and intertrochanteric fractures with rotational and axial instability, and also risk of osteonecrosis. DHS allows for controlled collapse of the fracture for uneventful healing, and de-rotation screw gives rotational stability. </p>
Aneurysmal bone cyst of proximal fibula treated with en-bloc excision: a rare case report
Authors: Wadhawan Piyush , Agrawal Atul , Khera Ruchit 
Published: June 2019

Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are benign but locally destructive, blood filled reactive lesions of the bone. Although a wider age group may be affected, most commonly they are seen in patients younger than 20 years of age, with a slight female preponderance. Most common sites include metaphysis of femur followed by tibia and then humerus. Vertebral lesions involving the posterior elements are common.Aneurysmal bone cyst of proximal fibula is a rare and uncommon. Here, we report a case of 13 year old female with classic histologic, clinical, and radiographic findings that was treated by en bloc resection. <p class="Default"> </p>