bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discipline-specific competency-based curricula for leadership learning in medical specialty training
Authors: Turner Sandra , Chan Ming-Ka , McKimm Judy , Dickson Graham , Shaw Timothy 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
Doctors play a central role in leading improvements to healthcare systems. Leadership knowledge and skills are not inherent, however, and need to be learned. General frameworks for medical leadership guide curriculum development in this area. Explicit discipline-linked competency sets and programmes provide context for learning and likely enhance specialty trainees’ capability for leadership at all levels. The aim of this review was to summarise the scholarly literature available around medical specialty-specific competency-based curricula for leadership in the post-graduate training space.

Design/methodology/approach
A systematic literature search method was applied using the Medline, EMBASE and ERIC (education) online databases. Documents were reviewed for a complete match to the research question. Partial matches to the study topic were noted for comparison.

Findings
In this study, 39 articles were retrieved in full text for detailed examination, of which 32 did not comply with the full inclusion criteria. Seven articles defining discipline-linked competencies/curricula specific to medical leadership training were identified. These related to the areas of emergency medicine, general practice, maternal and child health, obstetrics and gynaecology, pathology, radiology and radiation oncology. Leadership interventions were critiqued in relation to key features of their design, development and content, with reference to modern leadership concepts.

Practical implications
There is limited discipline-specific guidance for the learning and teaching of leadership within medical specialty training programmes. The competency sets identified through this review may aid the development of learning interventions and tools for other medical disciplines.

Originality/value
The findings of this study provide a baseline for the further development, implementation and evaluation work required to embed leadership learning across all medical specialty training programmes.
Effects of reporting relationship and type of internal control deficiency on internal auditors’ internal control evaluations
Authors: Gramling Audrey , Schneider Arnold 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to explore whether an internal auditor’s evaluation of internal control deficiencies are influenced by the party with primary influence over the internal audit function and by the type of internal control deficiency.

Design/methodology/approach
A behavioral experiment is conducted with internal auditors as participants in a 2 × 2 between-subjects factorial design.

Findings
Results indicate that internal auditors are less likely to evaluate a pervasive control deficiency related to “tone at the top” as a material weakness than a process-specific control deficiency. Furthermore, internal auditors are somewhat less likely to evaluate a process-specific internal control deficiency as a material weakness when management has primary influence over the internal audit function than when the audit committee has primary influence. It is also found that the best practice of internal audit oversight (i.e., primary oversight of internal auditors by the audit committee) may lead to potential internal under-reporting of instances where the audit committee represents a material weakness in internal control.

Research limitations/implications
Limitations of this research include lack of economic consequences (e.g. future pay and job loss) associated with the internal control decisions made by the participants; less concise information provided to the participants than would generally be available to them; and lack of generalizability of the findings beyond the specific company setting and internal control scenario portrayed in the case materials.

Practical implications
Not evaluating a pervasive control deficiency related to “tone at the top” as a material weakness seems to not fully align with relevant professional guidance and can possibly result in inaccurate internal information about the quality of internal controls. Furthermore, having an internal auditor’s evaluation of a process-specific internal control deficiency influenced by the party with primary influence over the internal audit function would not appear to align with relevant professional guidance. Finally, primary oversight by the audit committee of the internal auditors may lead to potential internal under-reporting of instances where the audit committee represents a material weakness in internal controls and, thus, possible communication of inaccurate internal control information.

Originality/value
This study is the first to address whether the party with primary influence over the internal audit function influences an internal auditor’s evaluation of internal control deficiencies.
Effect of gravity on generalized thermoelastic diffusion due to laser pulse using dual-phase-lag model
Authors: Othman Mohamed I.A. , Eraki Ebtesam E.M. 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to obtain a general solution to the field equations of generalized thermo-diffusion in an infinite thermoelastic body under the effect of gravity in the context of the dual-phase-lag (DPL) model. The half space is considered made of an isotropic homogeneous thermoelastic material. The boundary plane surface is heated by a non-Gaussian laser beam.

Design/methodology/approach
An exact solution to the problem is obtained using the normal mode analysis.

Findings
The derived expressions are computed numerically for copper and the results are presented in graphical form.

Originality/value
Comparisons are made with the results predicted by Lord-Shulman theory and DPL model for different values of time and in the presence and absence of gravity as well as diffusion.
Building a sponsor’s equity through brand personality: perceptions of fans and rivals
Authors: Tsordia Charitomeni , Papadimitriou Dimitra , Apostolopoulou Artemisia 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of perceived fit and brand personality as means of building the brand equity of the sponsor in a basketball sponsorship setting both for team fans (fans) and fans of a rival team (rivals).

Design/methodology/approach
The sponsorship deal between Microsoft (X-BOX), a global software company, and Panathinaikos BC, a popular basketball team located in Athens, Greece, was selected for this examination. Empirical data were collected through self-administered questionnaires from 222 fans and 271 rivals. Structural equation modeling was run to test the research hypotheses.

Findings
Results provided evidence that brand personality mediates the effect of fans’ perceived fit evaluations on brand equity variables. No mediation of brand personality was found for rivals, as perceived fit did not significantly affect either positively or negatively any of the brand equity variables for those study participants.

Research limitations/implications
The timing of data collection, which took place a short period after the sponsorship deal was announced, the low degree of rivalry reported as well as the fact that sponsorship activation initiatives were not taken into consideration are seen as limitations of this study. Suggestions for future research that would address each of these limitations are offered.

Practical implications
The study contributed theoretically to sport sponsorship literature by introducing the concept of brand personality as a means to enhance sponsors’ brand equity in a basketball sponsorship setting for both team fans and rivals. Interesting managerial implications have emerged for marketing managers of both sponsors and sponsees.

Originality/value
This is one of the very few studies that propose a process by which sponsors can deal with rivals’ negative associations, uncovering opportunities that may exist for companies in sponsoring competing teams.
Creating tourism experiences combining food and culture: an analysis among Italian producers
Authors: Garibaldi Roberta , Pozzi Andrea 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to understand how food and drink producers have combined food and culture into the tourism experience through an explorative analysis on a sample of Italian enterprises.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper opted for a two-stage analysis. An explorative study has been carried out to identify producers with this offering and assess their main characteristics. A direct survey has been carried out to acquire detailed information about the profile of the enterprises as well as to assess motivations, results achieved and satisfaction concerning the experience offered.

Findings
Food can be alternatively the main subject (e.g. food museums) or be combined with other cultural expression (e.g. music festivals inside wineries), and the choice appears to mainly depend on personal interest of entrepreneurs. The production of the food tourism experience not only increases the tourist attractiveness but also generates other benefits, such as improving brand visibility and relationship with local stakeholders.

Research limitations/implications
Because of the sample chosen, the research results may lack generalizability. Furthermore, it may be important to deeply investigate some issues that remain partly unanswered.

Practical implications
The paper sheds lights on characteristics of tourism experiences combining food and culture and hopefully aims at increasing awareness among producers about their current attractiveness.

Originality/value
This paper tries to contribute to improve the knowledge on a topic of current interest such as tourism experiences combining food and culture.
Associations of Number Line Estimation With Mathematical Competence: A Meta‐analysis
Authors: Schneider Michael , Merz Simon , Stricker Johannes , De Smedt Bert , Torbeyns Joke , Verschaffel Lieven , Luwel Koen 
Published: April 2018

The number line estimation task is widely used to investigate mathematical learning and development. The present meta‐analysis statistically synthesized the extensive evidence on the correlation between number line estimation and broader mathematical competence. Averaged over 263 effect sizes with 10,576 participants with sample mean ages from 4 to 14 years, this correlation was r = .443. The correlation increased with age, mainly because it was higher for fractions than for whole numbers. The correlation remained stable across a wide range of task variants and mathematical competence measures (i.e., counting, arithmetic, school achievement). These findings demonstrate that the task is a robust tool for diagnosing and predicting broader mathematical competence and should be further investigated in developmental and experimental training studies.
Sotagliflozin: a dual sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐1 and ‐2 inhibitor for the management of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Sims H. , Smith K. H. , Bramlage P. , Minguet J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the evidence for the novel dual sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐1 (SGLT1) and ‐2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, sotagliflozin, which may enhance the efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors by additionally reducing intestinal glucose absorption.MethodsThe search terms ‘sotagliflozin’, ‘LX4211’, ‘SGLT’ and ‘diabetes’ were entered into PubMed. Evidence for the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety and efficacy of sotagliflozin in Type 1 and 2 diabetes was extracted from the retrieved literature, critically evaluated, and contextualized in relation to data on existing SGLT2 inhibitors.ResultsThere is convincing evidence from a range of phase II and III clinical trials that sotagliflozin significantly improves glycaemic control in both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Additional benefits, such as smaller postprandial plasma glucose excursions, lower insulin requirements, appetite suppression and weight loss have been documented. While this is encouraging, several safety concerns remain; a dose‐dependent increase in the rate of diabetic ketoacidosis, diarrhoea and genital mycotic infection is apparent, although statistical exploration of the data regarding such events is currently lacking. Speculatively, use of a 200‐mg rather than a 400‐mg dose may help to limit unwanted effects.ConclusionsThe current evidence for sotagliflozin in diabetes appears promising. Further studies sufficiently powered to assess present and emerging safety concerns, as well as to identify individuals for whom sotagliflozin may be of particular benefit/harm would now be informative for regulatory decision‐making. Direct comparisons with existing SGLT2 inhibitors are also needed to determine relative safety/efficacy profiles for the different indications.
Ethnic Group Differences in Bullying Perpetration: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Vitoroulis Irene , Vaillancourt Tracy 
Published: April 2018

We examined ethnic differences in bullying perpetration in order to assess whether ethnic group membership was associated with higher involvement among (1) nonimmigrant and immigrant youth; and (2) White and visible minority youth (i.e., Black, Hispanic, Asian, Indigenous, and Biracial). Fifty‐three studies (N = 740,176; 6‐18‐year‐olds) were included in the meta‐analysis. Results yielded very small and nonsignificant effect size differences across all group comparisons. Methodological moderator analyses indicated several differences across groups. Our findings provide initial support that the assessment of ethnicity as a descriptive variable is not sufficient to account for group differences in bullying perpetration.
Presumed missense and synonymous mutations in ATP7B gene cause exon skipping in Wilson disease
Authors: Wang Chunli , Zhou Wei , Huang Yan , Yin Hanjun , Jin Yu , Jia Zhanjun , Zhang Aihua , Liu Zhifeng , Zheng Bixia 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackground & AimsWilson disease is an inborn error of metabolism caused by abnormalities of the copper‐transporting protein‐encoding gene ATP7B. Recently, the phenomenon of exon skipping, in which exonic mutations result in abnormal splicing, has been associated with various diseases. The present study investigated the splicing defects of the ATP7B exonic variants identified in a cohort of 44 patients with Wilson disease.MethodAll patients were analysed for ATP7B gene by direct sequencing or multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification analysis. To identify the potential pathogenicity of the candidate mutations that may induce exon skipping, both in vivo RT‐PCR analysis using RNA from peripheral leukocytes and in vitro functional splicing by minigene construction were conducted.ResultsThe patterns of inheritance of the mutations in ATP7B identified in 44 patients exhibited homozygotes (7 patients), compound heterozygotes (32 patients) and heterozygotes (5 patients). In all patients, we detected 25 different ATP7B mutations, including 17 missenses, 1 frameshift, 3 nonsenses, 2 exonic deletions and 2 splicing alteration. In these mutations, 4 mutations have not been previously described in the literature or entered in human genome mutation database. Furthermore, we identified synonymous mutation c.4014T>A and missense mutation R919G caused exon skipping in the ATP7B mRNA transcript.ConclusionOur results suggest that aberrant exon skipping associated to putative splicing enhancer disruption and silencer creation is one previously unrecognized mechanism in Wilson disease. What is more, the multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification assay for the detection of exon deletions may be valuable in individuals with clinical Wilson disease diagnosis where one or no mutation has been identified by sequencing.
Clinical bleeding and thrombin generation in admissions to critical care with prolonged prothrombin time: an exploratory study
Authors: Stanworth Simon J. , Desborough Michael J.R. , Simons Gemma , Seeney Frances , Powter Gillian , MacDonald Stephen , McKechnie Stuart , Green Laura , Young Neil , Walsh Timothy , Laffan Mike A. 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUNDProlongation of prothrombin time (PT) is often recorded in critical illness, but has limited ability to predict risk of bleeding. This exploratory study was aimed at assessing a role for thrombin generation (TG) to predict bleeding.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSTG was measured by calibrated automated thrombography in admissions to intensive care with prolonged PT. Bleeding events were recorded up to Day 5 after enrollment and correlated with results of PT ratio (PTR) and variables of TG.RESULTSA total of 306 patients were recruited. A total of 101 bleeding events developed in 46 patients during the period of observation. Many patients with prolonged PT had endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), which was within the normal range (120/251 patients, 47.8%) or even elevated (8%). Although some patients had a reduction in ETP or peak thrombin, these were present over a wide range of PTR. There was no suggestion by receiver operating characteristic analysis that variables of conventional TG were sensitive at predicting bleeding. No bleeding events were documented in patients defined as ETP high, despite elevated PTR.CONCLUSIONFuture studies need to explore a role for alternatives tests of coagulation in critical illness. Development of TG assays is required to positively identify more patients at increased bleeding risk or to exclude a larger number at low risk and how this relates to subgroups, such as patients with liver disease, and the need for prophylactic plasma transfusion.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Intimin-Positive Enteropathogenic Escherichia albertii Strain MBT-EA1, Isolated from Lettuce
Authors: Fiedler Gregor , Brinks Erik , Böhnlein Christina , Cho Gyu-Sung , Koberg Sabrina , Kabisch Jan , Franz Charles M. A. P. 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT

The genome of the intimin (
eae
)-harboring
Escherichia albertii
strain MBT-EA1, isolated from lettuce in Germany, was sequenced. Sequence analysis showed the assembled draft genome size to be 4,560,948 bp, containing a predicted total of 4,414 protein-encoding genes, 11 rRNAs, and 82 tRNAs. Furthermore, three plasmid sequences were found.
Draft Genome Sequence of Raoultella ornithinolytica Strain HH3
Authors: Huang Hongsheng , Duceppe Marc-Olivier , Phipps-Todd Beverley 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT

Raoultella ornithinolytica
is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, encapsulated, and aerobic bacillus and an emerging hospital-related bacterial pathogen of humans. Here, we report a 5,977,517-bp draft genome sequence for
Raoultella ornithinolytica
strain HH3, isolated from a pretreatment sample collected at a Canadian wastewater treatment facility.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Mercury-Resistant Strain Acinetobacter baumannii I43
Authors: de Siqueira Kátia Aparecida , Mello Ivani Souza , Pietro-Souza William , Mendes Tiago Antônio de Oliveira , Soares Marcos Antônio 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of the
Acinetobacter baumannii
strain I43, which is highly resistant to mercury. The Illumina-based sequence analysis revealed a genome of approximately 4,520,353 bp composed of 4,091 coding sequences.
Draft Genome Sequence of Actinobacterial Strain Kineosporia sp. R_H_3, a Neutrophilic Iron-Depositing Bacterium
Authors: Braun Burga , Künzel Sven , Schröder Josephin , Szewzyk Ulrich 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT

The draft genome sequence of a neutrophilic iron-depositing actinobacterial strain,
Kineosporia
sp. R_H_3, is reported here. Detailed analysis of the genome can elucidate the role of specific cytochromes for Fe oxidation and how this organism might receive energy from Fe oxidation. To date, this is the second publicly available genome sequence of a
Kineosporia
strain.
Using machine learning techniques to develop forecasting algorithms for postoperative complications: protocol for a retrospective study
Authors: Fritz Bradley A , Chen Yixin , Murray-Torres Teresa M , Gregory Stephen , Ben Abdallah Arbi , Kronzer Alex , McKinnon Sherry Lynn , Budelier Thaddeus , Helsten Daniel L , Wildes Troy S , Sharma Anshuman , Avidan Michael Simon 
Published: April 2018

IntroductionMortality and morbidity following surgery are pressing public health concerns in the USA. Traditional prediction models for postoperative adverse outcomes demonstrate good discrimination at the population level, but the ability to forecast an individual patient’s trajectory in real time remains poor. We propose to apply machine learning techniques to perioperative time-series data to develop algorithms for predicting adverse perioperative outcomes.Methods and analysisThis study will include all adult patients who had surgery at our tertiary care hospital over a 4-year period. Patient history, laboratory values, minute-by-minute intraoperative vital signs and medications administered will be extracted from the electronic medical record. Outcomes will include in-hospital mortality, postoperative acute kidney injury and postoperative respiratory failure. Forecasting algorithms for each of these outcomes will be constructed using density-based logistic regression after employing a Nadaraya-Watson kernel density estimator. Time-series variables will be analysed using first and second-order feature extraction, shapelet methods and convolutional neural networks. The algorithms will be validated through measurement of precision and recall.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the Human Research Protection Office at Washington University in St Louis. The successful development of these forecasting algorithms will allow perioperative healthcare clinicians to predict more accurately an individual patient’s risk for specific adverse perioperative outcomes in real time. Knowledge of a patient’s dynamic risk profile may allow clinicians to make targeted changes in the care plan that will alter the patient’s outcome trajectory. This hypothesis will be tested in a future randomised controlled trial.
What attributions do Australian high-performing general practices make for their success? Applying the clinical microsystems framework: a qualitative study
Authors: Dunham Annette H , Dunbar James A , Johnson Julie K , Fuller Jeff , Morgan Mark , Ford Dale 
Published: April 2018

ObjectivesTo identify the success attributions of high-performing Australian general practices and the enablers and barriers they envisage for practices wishing to emulate them.DesignQualitative study using semi-structured interviews and content analysis of the data. Responses were recorded, transcribed verbatim and coded according to success characteristics of high-performing clinical microsystems.SettingPrimary healthcare with the participating general practices representing all Australian states and territories, and representing metropolitan and rural locations.ParticipantsTwenty-two general practices identified as high performing via a number of success criteria. The 52 participants were 19 general practitioners, 18 practice managers and 15 practice nurses.ResultsParticipants most frequently attributed success to the interdependence of the team members, patient-focused care and leadership of the practice. They most often signalled practice leadership, team interdependence and staff focus as enablers that other organisations would need to emulate their success. They most frequently identified barriers that might be encountered in the form of potential deficits or limitations in practice leadership, staff focus and mesosystem support.ConclusionsPractice leaders need to empower their teams to take action through providing inclusive leadership that facilitates team interdependence. Mesosystem support for quality improvement in general practice should focus on enabling this leadership and team building, thereby ensuring improvement efforts are converted into effective healthcare provision.