bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and Preclinical Development of TransCon PTH, an Investigational Sustained-Release PTH Replacement Therapy for Hypoparathyroidism
Authors: Holten-Andersen Lars , Pihl Susanne , Rasmussen Caroline E , Zettler Joachim , Maitro Guillaume , Baron Julia , Heinig Stefan , Hoffmann Eric , Wegge Thomas , Krusch Mathias , Faltinger Frank , Killian Steffen , Sprogoe Kennett , Karpf David B , Breinholt Vibeke Miller , Cleemann Felix 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Hypoparathyroidism (HP) is a condition of parathyroid hormone (PTH) deficiency leading to abnormal calcium and phosphate metabolism. The mainstay of therapy consists of vitamin D and calcium supplements, as well as adjunct Natpara (PTH(1-84)). However, neither therapy optimally controls urinary calcium (uCa) or significantly reduces the incidence of hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia. TransCon PTH, a sustained-release prodrug of PTH(1-34) in development for the treatment of HP, was designed to overcome these limitations. To determine the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of TransCon PTH, single and repeat s.c. dose studies were performed in rats and monkeys. TransCon PTH demonstrated a half-life of 28 and 34 hours in rats and monkeys, respectively. After repeated dosing, an infusion-like profile of the released PTH, characterized by low peak-to-trough levels, was obtained in both species. In intact rats and monkeys, daily subcutaneous administration of TransCon PTH was associated with increases in serum calcium (sCa) levels and decreases in serum phosphate levels (sP). In monkeys, at a single dose of TransCon PTH that increased sCa levels within the normal range, a concurrent decrease in uCa excretion was observed. In 4-week repeat-dose studies in intact rats and monkeys, uCa excretion was comparable to controls across all dose levels despite increases in sCa levels. Further, in a rat model of HP, TransCon PTH normalized sCa and sP levels 24 hours per day. This was in contrast to only transient trends toward normalization of sCa and sP levels with an up to 6-fold higher molar dose of PTH(1-84). After repeated dosing to HP rats, uCa excretion transiently increased, corresponding to increases in sCa above normal range, but at the end of the treatment period, uCa excretion was generally comparable to sham controls. TransCon PTH was well tolerated and the observed pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics were in line with the expected action of physiological replacement of PTH. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
A loop involving NRF2, miR‐29b‐1‐5p and AKT, regulates cell fate of MDA‐MB‐231 triple‐negative breast cancer cells
Authors: De Blasio Anna , Di Fiore Riccardo , Pratelli Giovanni , Drago‐Ferrante Rosa , Saliba Christian , Baldacchino Shawn , Grech Godfrey , Scerri Christian , Vento Renza , Tesoriere Giovanni 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe present study shows that nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (NRF2) and miR‐29b‐1‐5p are two opposite forces which could regulate the fate of MDA‐MB‐231 cells, the most studied triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line. We show that NRF2 activation stimulates cell growth and markedly reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, whereas miR‐29b‐1‐5p overexpression increases ROS generation and reduces cell proliferation. Moreover, NRF2 downregulates miR‐29b‐1‐5p expression, whereas miR‐29b‐1‐5p overexpression decreases p‐AKT and p‐NRF2. Furthermore, miR‐29b‐1‐5p overexpression induces both inhibition of DNA N‐methyltransferases (DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B) expression and re‐expression of HIN1, RASSF1A and CCND2. Conversely, NRF2 activation induces opposite effects. We also show that parthenolide, a naturally occurring small molecule, induces the expression of miR‐29b‐1‐5p which could suppress NRF2 activation via AKT inhibition. Overall, this study uncovers a novel NRF2/miR‐29b‐1‐5p/AKT regulatory loop that can regulate the fate (life/death) of MDA‐MB‐231 cells and suggests this loop as therapeutic target for TNBC.
Can Anthropologists Contribute to Road Construction? Insights from Southwest China
Authors: He Jun , He Ming 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis paper documents the contributions of anthropologists in the improvement of road construction in Yunnan Province of Southwest China. It argues that the involvement of social scientists in road planning can make important contributions to a people‐centred approach, advocate for cultural embeddedness and meet local needs, all of which help to avoid local conflict while promoting local ethnic culture. The policy implication drawn from this research calls for placing social sustainability at the forefront of the institutionalizing of multi‐stakeholder involvement in infrastructure development. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Meta‐Analysis of the Relationship between Curiosity and Creativity
Authors: Schutte Nicola S. , Malouff John M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCuriosity, the desire to know, may be associated with creativity, which involves generating ideas that are novel and valuable. This meta‐analytic investigation consolidated the results of studies of the association between curiosity and creativity. Across 10 studies, which included 2,692 individuals, there was a significant association between more curiosity and greater creativity (weighted effect size r = .41, 95% CI [.27, .54], p = .0001). For studies examining the association of the exploration dimension of curiosity with creativity, the weighted effect size was r = .48, 95% CI [.09, .74], while for studies examining the deprivation sensitivity dimension of curiosity with creativity the weighted effect size was r = .20, 95% CI [.10, .29]. The association of self‐report measures of curiosity with self‐reports of creativity was r = .52, 95% CI [.40, .62], while the association of self‐report measures of curiosity with rated creativity was r = .16, 95% CI [.10, .22]. These meta‐analytic results are congruent with some theoretical assumptions regarding curiosity and creativity and can be a foundation for efforts to facilitate creativity.
Grounding Neuro‐Informed Practice in a Humanistic Framework: A Response to Wilkinson
Authors: BEESON ERIC T. , MILLER RAISSA M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWilkinson (2018) opened an important dialogue about the role of neuroscience in counseling. In this article, the authors extend this dialogue with additional literature to show that neuroscience has meaningfully informed counseling practice and is compatible with humanistic principles.
Cocreative Counseling
Authors: TUDOR KEITH 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article articulates a number of qualities that characterize a cocreative approach to counseling. Informed by his work with Graeme Summers in transactional analysis, the author reviews the literature on cocreativity in counseling and psychotherapy in both humanistic and psychoanalytic/psychodynamic traditions. Despite their somewhat separate development, the ideas within these 2 traditions together contribute to the elaboration and understanding of cocreative therapeutic relating.
Effects of an electronic medication management system on pharmacists’ work in a paediatric hospital
Authors: Baysari Melissa T. , Hardie Rae‐Anne , Barclay Peter , Westbrook Johanna I. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundMany studies have explored the effect of electronic medication management systems (EMMS) on doctors’ and nurses’ work, but few have focused specifically on pharmacists’ work.AimThis study examined how implementation of a commercial EMMS affected the work of pharmacists in an Australian paediatric hospital. In particular, the study investigated whether any pharmacy tasks changed or were eliminated, or whether new tasks emerged following EMMS introduction.MethodsTwo rounds of semistructured interviews with pharmacists, one 4 months and the other 1 year after EMMS implementation, were conducted. In total, 17 pharmacists were interviewed, comprising inpatient, outpatient and oncology pharmacists, as well as pharmacy managers.ResultsEMMS implementation eliminated a small number of tasks, changed some tasks and created many new work tasks for pharmacists. These new tasks included helping doctors and nurses to use the EMMS, duplicated data entry and the review of additional information. Pharmacists held the view that their workload had increased and that additional pharmacists were necessary to cope with the new work requirements associated with the EMMS. Some problems were perceived to be the result of implementation of a US‐designed EMMS that did not fully support Australian pharmacy workflows.ConclusionImplementation of an EMMS in a paediatric hospital affected pharmacists’ work in a variety of ways, predominately by introducing new tasks. Anticipating how workflows will change with EMMS implementation is challenging. Undertaking regular reviews of workflow and planning for an increased burden on pharmacy staff is likely to improve the transition from paper to electronic medication management.
Quality pharmaceutical care in the neonatal intensive care unit: identification of essential pharmacy services and key performance indicators for the Australian setting
Authors: Krzyżaniak Natalia , Pawłowska Iga , Bajorek Beata 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundWhen considering subspecialties of clinical pharmacy practice such as the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), no key performance indicators (KPIs) or practice standards have been published by national or international pharmacy organisations.AimThe aims of this study were to identify: (1) a list of essential pharmacist roles that should be performed in the NICU; and (2) a set of clinical pharmacy KPIs that can be used to benchmark the quality of pharmaceutical care provided to patients in Australian NICU settings.MethodsA modified Delphi technique was used to send 65 indicators and 30 proposed roles to an expert panel of doctors, pharmacists and nurses. The indicators and roles were compiled from a previously conducted literature review. An online survey sent in two consecutive Delphi rounds in August and September 2017 asked experts to rank the indicators and roles against specific criteria.ResultsFifteen healthcare professionals from Australia participated as expert panellists. Overall, 75% consensus was reached for 31 indicators and 23 roles by Australian panellists. Experts particularly valued the following roles: pharmacists being a source of medication information (100%; median = 1.00), assisting in off‐label prescribing (100%; median = 1.00), documenting medication errors (100%; median = 1.00), medication chart review (100%; median = 1.00) and writing medication protocols for the NICU (100%; median = 1.00).ConclusionFurther investigations are needed to formalise a set of NICU‐specific clinical pharmacy KPIs and a practice model to form the foundations of national and international standardised practice guidelines for this subspecialty.
Management of behavioural emergencies: a prospective observational study in Australian emergency departments
Authors: Yap Celene Y. L. , Taylor David McD. , Kong David C. M. , Knott Jonathan C. , Taylor Simone E. , Graudins Andis , Keijzers Gerben , Kulawickrama Sanjeewa , Thom Ogilvie , Lawton Luke , Furyk Jeremy , Finucci Daniel , Holdgate Anna , Watkins Gina , Jordan Peter 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundBehavioural emergencies (BEs) are complex situations in the emergency department (ED) setting. Treatment decisions always must be made within a limited time and are based on incomplete patient data. As a result of the urgency and complexity, patients often are exposed to increased risk of harm.AimThe aim of this paper is to describe the prescribing patterns and adverse events (AEs) associated with parenteral sedation for the management of BEs in Australian EDs.MethodsTen Australian EDs enrolled a convenience sample of adult patients (aged ≥18 years) requiring parenteral sedative medication for BEs. Data were collected prospectively between March 2015 and April 2017 using a designated case report form.ResultsIn all, 564 cases were enrolled in this study. Incomplete cases (n = 17; 3%) were excluded. Of the 547 remaining cases, 63% were male and the median age was 34 years (range 18–95 years). Approximately half the patients (n = 230; 42.1%) required mechanical restraint and parenteral sedation to manage their BEs. Intramuscular monotherapy was administered in most cases (n = 390; 71.3%). The main sedative medications used as monotherapy were droperidol (n = 381; 69.7%), midazolam (n = 54; 9.9%) and olanzapine (n = 26; 4.8%). The most common combination therapy was midazolam + droperidol (n = 36; 6.6%). The incidence of AEs from sedative administration was 13.5%. No deaths or irreversible AEs were reported.ConclusionsOverall, the participating EDs provided safe pharmacological management for BEs. AEs following parenteral sedation are common, although serious AEs are rare. Because all patients receiving parenteral sedation for BEs are at risk of AEs, ongoing monitoring of vital signs after parenteral sedation should be a standard protocol in all EDs.
Opioids, the pharmacist and the junior doctor: reducing prescribing error
Authors: Sheehan Dale C. , Lee Avril P. , Young Mary L. , Werkmeister Benjamin J. , Thwaites John H. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimThis pharmacy and medicine collaborative project investigated the effectiveness of teaching and learning strategies to enhance opioid prescribing by junior doctors in their first year of practice. A key strategy tested was that of pharmacists engaging with junior doctors on the ward to coach and develop their prescribing skills.Data SourcesAn evaluation research framework was implemented that went beyond collecting reaction and self‐reported learning to include impact on patient outcomes. Pre‐ and postintervention prescribing audits were undertaken to identify changes in prescribing practice over the period of the intervention.ResultsLearner reaction feedback was extremely positive for all facets of the intervention. Coaching by the ward pharmacists was recognised and valued. As predicted, there was no significant change in knowledge of the pharmacology and use of opioids but there was a reduction of dose errors, from 54% pre‐intervention to 7% post‐intervention.ConclusionWhile this is a small targeted intervention, we appear to have made a contribution to patient safety through enhanced prescribing practice. The programme has highlighted the potential for further development of the medical–pharmacy relationship as a true teaching and learning partnership. The context of a hospital ward offers unparalleled opportunities to promote learning and develop team‐based understandings.
Separation of prescribing and dispensing in Malaysia: public perception of pharmacists’ roles and agreement towards a separation policy
Authors: Loo Jason S. E. , Lo Eva M. Y. , Mai Chun Wai , Gan Pou Wee , Lee E‐Lyn , Tiong John Jeh Lung 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundFull separation of prescribing and dispensing remains a subject of heated debate in Malaysia. Understanding public perception on the issue in order to garner public support is crucial in efforts to enact a change in policy.AimThis study assessed public perception of the separation of prescribing and dispensing in Malaysia within the context of the public's knowledge of the professional roles of pharmacists, awareness of the issue and the current healthcare system.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study used a validated self‐administered questionnaire, which was administered to random members of the public. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data.ResultsIn all, 495 respondents participated in the study (response rate 61.9%). Most respondents were aware of pharmacists’ roles in educating patients (84.6%), checking prescriptions (65.9%) and dispensing medicines (85.1%). Most respondents (86.7%) agreed that pharmacists were more knowledgeable than physicians regarding medications and were aware that separation of prescribing and dispensing occurs in other developed countries (67.5%) and the public sector (70.9%). Approximately half of all respondents (52.5%) agreed that full separation of prescribing and dispensing should be implemented, with a higher level of agreement observed among respondents who were younger (68.0%), had tertiary education (69.8%), had a background in health sciences (71.7%) or were aware of the policy being practiced elsewhere (76.3%). However, only 28.5% of all respondents agreed that Malaysia was ready to implement a separation policy. This low level of agreement was consistent across all respondent groups except pharmacists, of which a slight majority (53.7%) agreed.ConclusionsApproximately half the respondents agreed that full separation of prescribing should be implemented, but a significantly smaller proportion agreed that the country is ready to implement a separation system.
Emergency medicine pharmacy practice in Australia: a national survey
Authors: Roman Cristina P. , Dooley Michael J. , Mitra Biswadev 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundEmergency medicine (EM) clinical pharmacy is a rapidly growing area of practice. The purpose of this study was to describe current EM pharmacy services in Australia, specifically the number of clinical pharmacy services, services provided within the emergency department (ED), working hours and the qualifications of pharmacists practising in the ED.MethodsExperienced EM clinical pharmacists in collaboration with an emergency physician developed an online survey that was sent electronically to Australian hospital directors of pharmacy. The survey questions related to hospital demographics, EM pharmacy clinical service and EM pharmacist working hours, level of staffing and qualifications.ResultsBetween 4 November 2016 and 9 December 2016, 57 hospitals completed some or all of the survey from the 248 emails sent (response rate = 23%). Thirty‐five of 57 hospitals (61%) identified having a dedicated EM pharmacy service, and 11 of 35 hospitals (31%) indicated a 7‐day EM pharmacy service. All hospitals with a dedicated EM pharmacy service were involved in medication reconciliation, discharge counselling and clinical consultation for ED patients. Nine of 34 hospital responses (26.5%) indicated that the EM pharmacist was involved during resuscitation (stroke callouts, cardiopulmonary arrest and/or trauma) during weekdays. Two hospitals also provided this service on weekends.ConclusionCurrent clinical activities of EM pharmacists appear to be based on traditional areas of practice, but also include emerging roles of participation during resuscitation.
Role of the pharmacist in suicide prevention: primely positioned to intervene
Authors: Kassir Hiba , Eaton Heather , Ferguson Monika , Procter Nicholas Gerard 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSuicide prevention is a global public health priority with approximately 800,000 people dying by suicide each year. As health professionals, pharmacists with further education can play an important role in suicide prevention as front‐line responders and gatekeepers. However, few studies have focused on pharmacists as gatekeepers in suicide prevention. This report discusses studies that focus on the pharmacist's role, gaining knowledge, reshaping attitudes and increasing confidence to engage with members of the public in suicide prevention.
Association Between Shame and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: López‐Castro Teresa , Saraiya Tanya , Zumberg‐Smith Kathryn , Dambreville Naomi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex condition with affective components that extend beyond fear and anxiety. The emotion of shame has long been considered critical in the relation between trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms. Yet, to date, no meta‐analytic synthesis of the empirical association between shame and PTSD has been conducted. To address this gap, the current study summarized the magnitude of the association between shame and PTSD symptoms after trauma exposure. A systematic literature search yielded 624 publications, which were screened for inclusion criteria (individuals exposed to a Criterion A trauma, and PTSD and shame assessed using validated measures of each construct). In total, 25 studies employing 3,663 participants met full eligibility criteria. A random‐effects meta‐analysis revealed a significant moderate association between shame and posttraumatic stress symptoms,r= .49, 95% CI [0.43, 0.55],p< .001. Moderator analyses were not completed due to the absence of between‐study heterogeneity. Publication bias analyses revealed minimal bias, determined by small attenuation after the superimposition of weight functions. The results underscore that across a diverse set of populations, shame is characteristic for many individuals with PTSD and that it warrants a central role in understanding the affective structure of PTSD. Highlighting shame as an important clinical target may help improve the efficacy of established treatments. Future research examining shame's interaction with other negative emotions and PTSD symptomology is recommended.
Salivary Carcinosarcoma: An Extremely Rare and Highly Aggressive Malignancy
Authors: Gupta Avigeet , Koochakzadeh Sina , Neskey David M. , Nguyen Shaun A. , Lentsch Eric J. 
Published: July 2019

Objectives/HypothesisCarcinosarcomas represent a rare entity of mixed malignant tumors of the salivary gland with limited evidence regarding management strategies. We aim to demonstrate the incidence, prognostic factors, and conduct a survival analysis for this aggressive malignancy.Study DesignRetrospective database review.MethodsThe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was queried for all cases of major salivary carcinosarcoma and its incidence from 1973 to 2015 to identify 66 patients.ResultsThe incidence of this tumor was 0.02 cases per 1 million, with a rising number of absolute cases in the past 2 decades. The parotid gland was the most common site (78.8%) of involvement. The 5‐year overall survival was 37% and 5‐year disease‐specific survival was 62%. Surgery was most common management strategy (95.5%), with total parotidectomy and facial nerve sacrifice procedures for those with parotid disease. Radiotherapy was commonly performed (75.8%) and chemotherapy use was rare (18.2%). Patients with distant metastasis had a greater than threefold increase in mortality, and those with total parotidectomy surgery had decreased mortality.ConclusionsCarcinosarcomas of major salivary glands are extremely rare and highly aggressive tumors. We recommend prompt surgical management and postoperative radiation for this tumor with a poor prognosis.Level of EvidenceNALaryngoscope, 130:E335–E339, 2020
Efficacy of the mini‐meatoplasty
Authors: Varadarajan Varun V. , Antonelli Patrick J. 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesThe lateral meatoplasty is a well‐described technique for widening the lateral external auditory meatus. After bony canalplasty, the external auditory meatus may need to be enlarged to accommodate an expanded tympanic ring. In this study, we introduce a novel meatoplasty technique for use during canalplasty and describe its efficacy in widening the external auditory meatus.MethodsPatients undergoing at least 180‐degree bony canalplasty and mini‐meatoplasty at a tertiary care facility were enrolled. Meatus diameter was measured before and after mini‐meatoplasty using Shea aural speculums and Hegar dilators.ResultsNineteen patients were enrolled. Mean preoperative speculum size was 6.1 mm (range 3.5–7.5 mm). All postoperative speculum sizes were 8 mm (P < .0001). Mean preoperative and postoperative Hegar dilator sizes were 10.6 mm (range 7–14 mm) and 16.2 mm (range 13–19 mm), respectively (P < .0001). The mean increase in aural speculum and Hegar dilator sizes were 1.9 mm (range 0.5–3.5 mm) and 5.7 mm (range 3–10 mm), respectively (P < .0001).ConclusionsThe mini‐meatoplasty is a novel and effective technique for widening the external auditory meatus after bony canalplasty.Level of Evidence4Laryngoscope, 130:1294–1298, 2020