bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ampelisca eschrichtii Krøyer, 1842 (Ampeliscidae) of the Sakhalin Shelf in the Okhotsk Sea starve in summer and feast in winter
Authors: Durkina Valentina B. , Chapman John W. , Demchenko Natalia L. 
Published: June 2018

Background
Ampelisca eschrichtii Krøyer, 1842 of the Sakhalin Shelf of the Okhotsk Sea, Far Eastern Russia, comprise the highest known biomass concentration of any amphipod population in the world and are a critically important prey source for western gray whales. Growth and reproduction in this population has not been apparent in summer. However, they are not accessible for sampling in winter to test a previous default conclusion that they grow and reproduce in winter.

Methods
We tested the default winter growth and reproduction hypothesis by detailed comparisons of the brood and gonad development among 40 females and 14 males and brood sizes among females observed since 2002. Our test included six predictions of reproductive synchrony that would be apparent from gonad and brood morphology if active reproduction occurs in summer.

Results
We found high prevalences of undersized and damaged oocytes, undersized broods, a lack of females brooding fully formed juveniles, atrophied ovaries, and males with mature sperm but lacking fully developed secondary sex morphologies required for pelagic mating. All of these conditions are consistent with trophic stress and starvation.

Discussion
These A. eschrichtii populations therefore appear to starve in summer and to grow and reproduce in winter. The Offshore A. eschrichtii populations occur in summer below water strata bearing high phytoplankton biomasses. These populations are more likely to feed successfully in winter when storms mix phytoplankton to their depths.
Is publication bias present in gastroenterological research? An analysis of abstracts presented at an annual congress
Authors: Meyer Chase , Fuller Kaleb , Scott Jared , Vassar Matt 
Published: June 2018

Background
Publication bias is the tendency of investigators, reviewers, and editors to submit or accept manuscripts for publication based on their direction or strength of findings. In this study, we investigated if publication bias was present in gastroenterological research by evaluating abstracts at Americas Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Congresses from 2011 to 2013.

Methods
We searched Google, Google Scholar, and PubMed to locate the published reports of research described in these abstracts. If a publication was not found, a second investigator searched to verify nonpublication. If abstract publication status remained undetermined, authors were contacted regarding reasons for nonpublication. For articles reaching publication, the P value, study design, time to publication, citation count, and journals in which the published report appeared were recorded.

Results
Our study found that of 569 abstracts presented, 297 (52.2%) reported a P value. Of these, 254 (85.5%) contained P values supporting statistical significance. The abstracts reporting a statistically significant outcome were twice as likely to reach publication than abstracts with no significant findings (OR 2.10, 95% CI [1.06–4.14]). Overall, 243 (42.7%) abstracts reached publication. The mean time to publication was 14 months and a median time of nine months.

Conclusion
In conclusion, we found evidence for publication bias in gastroenterological research. Abstracts with significant P values had a higher probability of reaching publication. More than half of abstracts presented from 2011 to 2013 failed to reach publication. Readers should take these findings into consideration when reviewing medical literature.
Melatonin significantly influences seed germination and seedling growth ofStevia rebaudianaBertoni
Authors: Simlat Magdalena , Ptak Agata , Skrzypek Edyta , Warchoł Marzena , Morańska Emilia , Piórkowska Ewa 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundMelatonin (MEL) is a signaling molecule in plants that affects developmental processes during vegetative and reproductive growth. Investigations have proved that exogenously applied MEL also has the potential to improve seed germination and plant development.MethodsIn the present study, seeds of stevia, a species with a very low germination rate, were germinated on an agar gel (AG) containing MEL at various concentrations (5, 20, 100, and 500 µM) in light. Seeds germinated on AG without MEL were used as controls. For the first 24 or 48 h of germination, the seeds were maintained in darkness as a pre-incubation step. Some seeds were not exposed to this pre-incubation step.ResultsAt concentrations of 20 and 5 µM, MEL significantly improved germination, but only in seeds pre-incubated in darkness for 24 h (p < 0.001). At concentrations of 100 and 500 µM, MEL had an inhibitory effect on germination, regardless of the pre-incubation time. Melatonin also affected plantlet properties. At a concentration of 20 µM, MEL increased plantlet fresh weight and leaf numbers. At a concentration of 5 µM, it promoted plantlet height. Regarding root development, the most favorable MEL concentration was 500 µM. Biochemical analysis revealed that MEL promoted higher pigment concentrations but hampered superoxide dismutase activity. On the other hand, the concentrations of sugars and phenolics, as well as the activities of catalase and peroxidase, increased at a MEL concentration of 500 µM.DiscussionThe results suggest that MEL can improve germination of positively photoblastic stevia seeds and that it can play a role in plantlet development. However, the effects observed in the present study depended on the quantity of MEL that was applied.
Oxidative Heteroatom–Heteroatom Bond Formation
Authors: Bering Luis , Antonchick Andrey P. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe development of oxidative heteroatom–heteroatom bond‐forming reactions based on the use of hypervalent iodine reagents is summarized, with emphasis on metal‐free and transition‐metal‐catalyzed reactions. The most important approaches are located in the field of nitrogen–heteroatom and sulfur–heteroatom bond formation, but also chemical transformations including rather rarely used elements are discussed. Increasing interest in the field of heteroatom–heteroatom bond formation in the past decades led to some notable discoveries, which are discussed within this chapter.
Photochemistry of Hypervalent Iodine Compounds
Authors: Jia Kunfang , Chen Yiyun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHypervalent iodine compounds traditionally demonstrate photochemical reactivity under direct photoexcitation using noncyclic iodine(III) reagents or in combination with the iodine. Recently, cyclic iodine(III) reagents have enabled new photochemical reactivity with the indirect photosensitization (photoredox catalysis). Hypervalent iodine compounds show substrate activation reactivity for carboxylic acids, alcohols, and amines to generate the corresponding oxygen or nitrogen radials under photochemical conditions. In addition, the hypervalent iodine‐coordinated carbon and azide species participate as radical precursors, oxidative quenchers, or radical acceptors in photoredox catalysis reactions. It is expected that hypervalent iodine compounds will find further photochemical reactivity especially under photoredox catalysis conditions.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Tandem Reaction of Quinazolinone‐Based Nitriles with Arylboronic Acids: Synthesis of 2‐(4‐Arylquinazolin‐2‐yl)anilines
Authors: Zhang Yetong , Shao Yinlin , Gong Julin , Hu Kun , Cheng Tianxing , Chen Jiuxi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA palladium‐catalyzed tandem reaction of 2‐(quinazolinone‐3(4H)‐yl)benzonitriles with arylboronic acids has been developed, allowing access to a new class of 2‐(4‐arylquinazolin‐2‐yl)anilines that were often difficult to prepare using previous methods. In particular, the newly produced amino group is amenable to further synthetic elaborations, thereby broadening the diversity of the products. The structure of the newly synthesized 2‐(4‐arylquinazolin‐2‐yl)anilines was unambiguously confirmed by X‐ray crystallography. Moreover, a possible mechanism for the formation of 2‐(4‐arylquinazolin‐2‐yl)anilines is discussed.magnified image
Cu‐Catalyzed Cross‐Dehydrogenative ortho‐Aminomethylation of Phenols
Authors: Yu Congjun , Patureau Frederic W. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA highly selective CuII‐catalyzed cross‐dehydrogenative ortho‐aminomethylation of phenols with aniline derivatives is described. The corresponding C(sp2)−C(sp3) coupling products were obtained in moderate to excellent yields under mild reaction conditions and with a broad substrate scope. A radical mechanism is proposed.
A New Full‐Order Sliding Mode Observer Based Rotor Speed and Stator Resistance Estimation for Sensorless Vector Controlled Pmsm Drives
Authors: Saadaoui Oussama , Khlaief Amor , Abassi Moez , Tlili Imen , Chaari Abdelkader , Boussak Mohamed 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSensorless control of a permanent magnetsynchronous motor (PMSM) at low speed remains a challenging task. In this paper, a sensorless vector control of PMSM using a new structure of a sliding mode observer (SMO) is proposed. To remove the mechanical sensors, a full‐order (FO‐SMO) is built to estimate the rotor position and speed of PMSM drives. The FO‐SMO, which replaces a sign function by a sigmoid function, can reduce the chattering phenomenon. In order to overcome time delay, we cancel the low pass filter. This sensorless speed control shows great sensitivity to stator resistance and system noise. To improve the robustness of sensorless vector control, a full‐order SMO technique has been used for stator resistance estimation. A novel stator resistance estimator is incorporated into the sensorless drive to compensate for the effects of stator resistance variation. The validity of the proposed FO‐SMO with a 1.1 kw low‐speed PMSM sensorless vector control is demonstrated by experiments. In this paper, experimental results for FO‐SMO, back‐EMF SMO and MRAS techniques were obtained with fixed point DSP‐based (TMS320F240).
Existence of Solution for Generalized Coupled Differential Riccati Equation
Authors: Ren Guoqiang , Liu Bin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBy means of the recursive method, the existence of solution is obtained for the generalized coupled differential Riccati equation. As an application, we apply the existence results to consider the optimal control of Markovian jump linear singular system, and obtain the desired explicit representation of the optimal controller for the optimal control problem with the finite horizon.
Expansion assessment of the sugarcane and ethanol production in the Llanos Orientales region in Colombia
Authors: Rueda Ordoñez Diego A. , Leal Manoel R. L. V. , Bonomi Antonio , Barbosa Cortez Luis A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe Cauca River Valley region has traditionally been the main sugarcane production area for the sugar and ethanol industries in Colombia. This area is not expected to expand its agricultural frontiers, mainly due to social, geographic, and water limitations.This study is part of the Bioenergy Contribution of Latin America, the Caribbean and Africa to the Global Sustainable Bioenergy Initiative (LACAf) project, which assessed potential regions for the expansion of ethanol production in Colombia and Mozambique. Studies linked to the LACAf project have identified the Llanos Orientales (eastern savannas) region as the most appropriate option for sugarcane expansion in Colombia, due to its favorable climate and a significant amount of arable land available for agriculture. The main goal of this study was to assess the economic benefits and environmental impacts of several simulated ethanol biorefineries in the Llanos Orientales region. The study was performed using the Virtual Sugarcane Biorefinery, which allows the evaluation of integrated new alternatives for sugarcane and ethanol production. The results of this research showed that all the first‐ and second‐generation biorefineries assessed were profitable and attractive. Furthermore, the results of the simulations for the Lanos Orientales region have shown great potential for reducing environmental impacts compared to the current production in the Cauca River Valley. Consequently, the ethanol produced could qualify as ‘advanced’ in terms of the US Environmental Protection Agency criteria, and it meets the requirements of the European Parliament, representing a business opportunity to enter into the largest ethanol markets, and increasing biofuel production in Colombia. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
The association between “Brain‐Age Score” (BAS) and traditional neuropsychological screening tools in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Beheshti Iman , Maikusa Norihide , Matsuda Hiroshi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIntroductionWe present the Brain‐Age Score (BAS) as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐based index for Alzheimer's disease (AD). We developed a fully automated framework for estimating the BAS in healthy controls (HCs) and individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or AD, using MRI scans.MethodsWe trained the proposed framework using 385 HCs from the IXI and OASIS datasets and evaluated 146 HCs, 102 stable‐MCI (sMCI), 112 progressive‐MCI (pMCI), and 147 AD patients from the J‐ADNI dataset. We used a correlation test to determine the association between the BAS and four traditional screening tools of AD: the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE), Clinical Dementia Ratio (CDR), Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Score (ADAS), and Functional Assessment Questionnaire (FAQ). Furthermore, we assessed the association between BAS and anatomical MRI measurements: the normalized gray matter (nGM), normalized white matter (nWM), normalized cerebrospinal fluid (nCSF), mean cortical thickness as well as hippocampus volume.ResultsThe correlation results demonstrated that the BAS is in line with traditional screening tools of AD (i.e., the MMSE, CDR, ADAS, and FAQ scores) as well as anatomical MRI measurements (i.e., nGM, nCSF, mean cortical thickness, and hippocampus volume).DiscussionThe BAS may be useful for diagnosing the brain atrophy level and can be a reliable automated index for clinical applications and neuropsychological screening tools.
Adaptive recommendation for MOOC with collaborative filtering and time series
Authors: Pang Yanxia , Liu Wenyan , Jin Yuanyuan , Peng Hongwei , Xia Tian , Wu Yonghe 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMassive Open Online Course (MOOC) has developed rapidly in recent years. However, the low satisfaction and the feelings of loneliness tend to cause more dropouts. A solution called Adaptive Recommendation for MOOC (ARM) is proposed aiming at the problem. Traditional MOOC recommendations are usually on the feature of interest. Among the recorded MOOC data, new recommendation features are selected for better balance on satisfaction. ARM trades off features adaptively according to the learner's requirement of satisfaction. Collaborative Filtering provides explicit information of similar learners and supports Collaborative Learning for less loneliness. ARM creatively combines Collaborative Filtering and time series to improve the recommendation accuracy. Specifically, Hawkes point process is improved to model the motivate and demotivate effect of score for future learning. Experiments with real‐world data show the accuracy of the ARM in recommendations and improvements in the dropout rate.
Traditional and improved paddy varieties: Composition, protein, pasting, and gluten‐free chapati making properties
Authors: Kaur Parmeet , Singh Narpinder , Pal Priyanka , Kaur Amritpal 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackground and objectivesPhysicochemical, amino acids, phenolic acids, protein profiling, and rheological characteristics of milled rice (MR) from different traditional (IC362109, IC568259, and IC548363) and improved paddy varieties (PR113, PR127, and PB1121) and its utilization for making gluten‐free chapatis using pearl millet (PM) flour were investigated.FindingsHigher L*, antioxidant activity, protein content, phosphorus (P), potassium (K), foaming, and water absorption capacity were observed for MR from improved paddy varieties (IPV) as compared to traditional paddy varieties (TPV). The higher accumulations of gallic acid, catechin, ferulic acid, p‐coumaric acid, and protocatechuic acid were found in MR from IPV. Histidine, iso‐leucine, lysine, methionine, phe‐alanine, valine, and threonine were higher for MR from IPV as compared to TPV. Higher accumulation of glutelins (33 and 31 kDa; 22 and 20 kDa) and prolamins (18, 16, and 15 kDa) was observed in MR from IPV. MR from IPV showed better rheological properties as compared to TPV. Rheological parameters (Gʹ, Gʹʹ, and tan δ) of dough from PM flour were increased with increasing incorporation of rice flour. The chapati made from PB1121 (IPV) showed higher consumers’ acceptability and increasing health benefits. MR from IPV showed high nutritive value and was used in food industries.ConclusionsMilled rice from IPV showed better nutritional and rheological properties and was more useful in making gluten‐free chapatis (highly nutritious and acceptable). Chapati made from 20% MR from PB1121 (IPV) was better in appearance, taste, texture, and palatability.Significance and noveltyThe research appears to have greater potential to highlight the gluten‐free aspect and also health and nutritional benefits of the IPV for food products for the future and application in additional composite‐style products.
Discordance for placental mesenchymal dysplasia in a monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy: A case report
Authors: Gheysen Willem , Strybol David , Moerman Philippe , Steylemans An , Corveleyn Anniek , De Catte Luc , Couck Isabel , Lewi Liesbeth 
Published: June 2018

Key Clinical MessagePlacental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD) occurs in about 1 in 5000 pregnancies. The differential diagnosis between PMD and partial mole is difficult on ultrasound scan, and karyotyping plays a key role in distinguishing PMD from partial mole. Our report is the first to report on the discordancy for PMD in a monochorionic setting.
Florid dermatopathic lymphadenopathy—A morphological mimic of Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Authors: Ravindran Aishwarya , Goyal Gaurav , Failing Jarrett J. , Go Ronald S. , Rech Karen L. 
Published: June 2018

Key Clinical MessageThe histopathology of reactive florid dermatopathic lymphadenopathy shows overlap with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) involving the lymph node, which may lead to misdiagnosis. These entities can be distinguished by recognition of the sinus‐based distribution of Langerhans cells in LCH, in contrast to the paracortical distribution of Langerhans cells, pigment‐laden histiocytes, and small lymphocytes in dermatopathic lymphadenopathy.
Warfarin‐induced spontaneous iliopsoas hematoma — An unusual complication
Authors: Kheiri Babikir , Al Salihi Mohammed , Maldonado David , Nakhleh Rasha , Bachuwa Ghassan 
Published: June 2018

Key Clinical MessageWarfarin is a commonly prescribed anticoagulant with a narrow therapeutic window and high potential for serious complications. Spontaneous psoas hematoma is a rare complication of warfarin which can result in significant neurological deficits.
Grafting Behavior for the Resonating Variants of Ethynylaniline on Hydrogenated Silicon (100) Surfaces under Thermal Hydrosilylation
Authors: Tung Joline , Tew Lih Shin , Coluccini Carmine , Lin Yue‐Der , Khung Yit Lung 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis work reports the outcome of thermal grafting of 2‐ethynylaniline, 3‐ethynylaniline, and 4‐ethynylaniline on a hydrogenated Si(100) surface. Using high‐resolution XPS and AFM, it was found that the grafting of these compounds could be attributed to resonating structures that arise from the position of an electron‐donating NH2 group and an electron‐withdrawing acetylene group. For the ortho‐ and para‐positioned acetylene group, surface reactions were observed to proceed predominantly via the acetylene to form a Si−C bond, whereas the meta‐positioned acetylene group was found to have undergone nucleophilic grafting through the NH2 group onto the silicon surface to form a Si−N bond. Furthermore, a tert‐butoxycarbonyl‐protected derivative for a meta‐positioned ethynylaniline was synthesized to exclusively force the reaction to react with the acetylene group and subsequent analysis confirmed that unprotected 3‐ethynylaniline had indeed reacted through the nucleophilic NH2 group as hypothesized. Thus, for the first time, the interplay between resonance structures and their effects on silicon surface modifications were systematically catalogued.
Goal‐Directed Design of Metal–Organic Frameworks for HgII and PbII Adsorption from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Rouhani Farzaneh , Morsali Ali 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs), which are inorganic–organic hybrid porous materials prepared from metal ion/clusters and multidentate organic ligands, have evolved to be next‐generation utility materials because of their usability in diverse applications. These porous materials, with excellent chemical stability and a wide variety of functional groups, have demonstrated their utility to the area of capturing various types of hazardous metal ion pollutants. This conceptual review focuses on recent progress in reported MOFs as HgII and PbII adsorbents emphasizing the general concepts that have guided important developments in these area and their implications for future research. Also, we suggest our personal insights into future research opportunities in the area and we hope to encourage more researchers to engage in this new field of MOF‐based materials with the goal of environmental pollution management.
A Minimalist Approach to the Design of Complexity‐Enriched Bioactive Small Molecules: Discovery of Phenanthrenoid Mimics as Antiproliferative Agents
Authors: Alonso Fernando , Quezada María Josefina , Gola Gabriel F. , Richmond Victoria , Cabrera Gabriela M. , Barquero Andrea A. , Ramírez Javier A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractOver the last decades, much effort has been devoted to the design of the “ideal” library for screening, the most promising strategies being those which draw inspiration from biogenic compounds, as the aim is to add biological relevance to such libraries. On the other hand, there is a growing understanding of the role that molecular complexity plays in the discovery of new bioactive small molecules. Nevertheless, the introduction of molecular complexity must be balanced with synthetic accessibility. In this work, we show that both concepts can be efficiently merged—in a minimalist way—by using very simple guidelines during the design process along with the application of multicomponent reactions as key steps in the synthetic process. Natural phenanthrenoids, a class of plant aromatic metabolites, served as inspiration for the synthesis of a library in which complexity‐enhancing features were introduced in few steps using multicomponent reactions. These resulting chemical entities were not only more complex than the parent natural products, but also interrogated an alternative region of the chemical space, which led to an outstanding hit rate in an antiproliferative assay: four out of twenty‐six compounds showed in vitro activity, one of them being more potent than the clinically useful drug 5‐fluorouracil.
Halogen Bonds in Clathrate Cages: A Real Space Perspective
Authors: Guevara‐Vela José Manuel , Ochoa‐Resendiz David , Costales Aurora , Hernández‐Lamoneda Ramón , Martín Pendás Ángel 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this paper we present real space analyses of the nature of the dihalogen‐water cage interactions in the 512and 51262clathrate cages containing chlorine and bromine, respectively. Our Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules and Interacting Quantum Atoms results provide strong indications that halogen bonding is present even though the lone pairs of water molecules are already engaged in hydrogen bonding interactions.