bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ageing, limb-loss and military veterans: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: CADDICK NICK , CULLEN HELEN , CLARKE AMANDA , FOSSEY MATT , HILL MICHAEL , MCGILL GILL , GREAVES JANE , TAYLOR TERI , MEADS CATHERINE , KIERNAN MATTHEW D 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTThe impact of losing a limb in military service extends well beyond initial recovery and rehabilitation, with long-term consequences and challenges requiring health-care commitments across the lifecourse. This paper presents a systematic review of the current state of knowledge regarding the long-term impact of ageing and limb-loss in military veterans. Key databases were systematically searched including: ASSIA, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Medline, Web of Science, PsycArticles/PsychInfo, ProQuest Psychology and ProQuest Sociology Journals, and SPORTSDiscus. Empirical studies which focused on the long-term impact of limb-loss and/or health-care requirements in veterans were included. The search process revealed 30 papers relevant for inclusion. These papers focused broadly on four themes: (a) long-term health outcomes, prosthetics use and quality of life; (b) long-term psycho-social adaptation and coping with limb-loss; (c) disability and identity; and (d) estimating the long-term costs of care and prosthetic provision. Findings present a compelling case for ensuring the long-term care needs and costs of rehabilitation for older limbless veterans are met. A dearth of information on the lived experience of limb-loss and the needs of veterans’ families calls for further research to address these important issues.
Ringing the changes: the role of telephone communication in a helpline and befriending service targeting loneliness in older people
Authors: PRESTON CLAIRE , MOORE STEPHEN 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTThe drive to deliver services addressing loneliness in older people by telephone and online makes it increasingly relevant to consider how the mode of communication affects the way people interact with services and the capacity of services to meet their needs. This paper is based on the qualitative strand of a larger mixed-methods study of a national phoneline tackling loneliness in older people in the United Kingdom. The research comprised thematic analysis of four focus groups with staff and 42 semi-structured interviews with callers. It explored the associations between telephone-delivery, how individuals used the services and how the services were able to respond. To understand these associations, it was useful to identify some constituent characteristics of telephone communication in this context: namely its availability, reach and non-visual nature. This enabled various insights and comparison with other communication media. For example, the availability of the services attracted people seeking frequent emotional support but this presented challenges to staff. More positively, the ability of the services to connect disparate individuals enabled them to form different kinds of satisfying relationships. The evolution of mixed communication forms, such as internet-based voice communication and smartphone-based visual communication, makes analysis at the level of a technology's characteristics useful. Such a cross-cutting perspective can inform both the design of interventions and assessment of their suitability for different manifestations of loneliness.
Older persons’ right to health – a challenge to international law
Authors: MIKOŁAJCZYK BARBARA 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTOver the next 30 years, the number of people aged over 65 will exceed the number of children worldwide. Moreover, people at extreme old age will constitute a significant group of older adults. Undoubtedly, global ageing appears as a great challenge to the whole international community in relation to the protection of rights of older persons, including their right to health. The last one is recognised on international forums as one of the most current and complex issues. Therefore, in this paper, I discuss how the right of older adults to health is protected by international norms, and identify trends and perspectives for implementing this right effectively. Examining the degree of protection, I analyse existing international instruments and their interpretation provided by international bodies. I consider that the new international developments should fill in the existing loophole in international law and oblige States to focus on elimination of ageism, age discrimination in access to health care and various barriers to enjoying the right to health by older persons.
Blind Spots in International Law
Authors: KANETAKE MACHIKO 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis editorial aims to foster debate on the possible roles of implicit social cognition in international law. The editorial is in part inspired by a book entitled Blindspot: Hidden Biases of Good People, written by Banaji and Greenwald, researchers of social psychology. According to them, a large set of implicit biases reside in our minds, which may influence our behaviour towards ourselves and others. It is safe to argue that international judges, arbitrators, diplomats, domestic officials who apply international law, and international legal scholars are not immune from implicit bias. Within international legal scholarship, some relevant experiments have already been conducted in unveiling decision makers’ intuitive and automatic thinking. While implicit bias is hard to identify and remedy, this editorial encourages international legal practitioners and scholars to diversify their own experiences and engage in the imagination of counter-stereotypes.
Thinking Beyond Aurangzeb and the Mughal State in a Late Eighteenth-Century Punjabi Braj Source
Authors: MURPHY ANNE 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis article argues for the value of looking past the emperor Aurangzeb, in seeking to understand how he has been portrayed. The eighteenth century Braj source from Punjab examined here portrays local debates and conflicts at the centre, and the Mughal state at the periphery, of the project of communitarian self-formation. Here, the emperor operates from the outside. Internal communitarian concerns, particularly regarding caste inclusion, dominate, linking the text in question to larger questions around caste and community that emerged in early modern South Asia in a range of contexts.
The association between obesity and race among Brazilian adults is dependent on sex and socio-economic status
Authors: Araujo Marina Campos , Baltar Valéria Troncoso , Yokoo Edna Massae , Sichieri Rosely 
Published: March 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo verify the association of race, independent of socio-economic status (SES), with obesity among Brazilian adults.DesignWe investigated data from the 2008–2009 Brazilian Household Budget Survey. Obesity was defined using the WHO classification. Self-declared race was classified as White, Black and ‘Pardo’ (Brown). Factor analysis with principal component extraction was used to derive the SES index. The association between race and obesity independent of SES, adjusted for demographic variables, was estimated using multiple logistic regression, accounting for the survey design. Interaction term between race and SES was tested.SettingBrazilian households (n 55 970).SubjectsAdults aged 20–65 years (n 80 702).ResultsThe prevalence of obesity was 14·9 %. The first factor explained 51 % of the variance and was used as a SES indicator. Odds of obesity increased with increasing SES level for men and for Black women, whereas Brown and White women showed a decrease of obesity. The association between race and obesity was modified by SES level in both sexes. At lower level of SES (−2 sd), Black and Brown in comparison to White men had 35 and 27 % decreased odds of obesity, respectively. For women, at lower SES level, only Black compared with White women had 30 % decreased odds of obesity. At the higher SES level (+2 sd), Black women compared with White presented a threefold increase of obesity.ConclusionsRacial disparities in obesity are SES level- and sex-dependent in Brazil. Strategies exclusively targeting reductions in SES disparities are likely ineffective for decreasing racial disparities in obesity among women.
The habitable zone of Kepler-16: impact of binarity and climate models
Authors: Moorman S. Y. , Quarles B. L. , Wang Zh. , Cuntz M. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe continue to investigate the binary system Kepler-16, consisting of a K-type main-sequence star, a red dwarf and a circumbinary Saturnian planet. As part of our study, we describe the system's habitable zone based on different climate models. We also report on stability investigations for possible Earth-mass Trojans while expanding a previous study by B. L. Quarles and collaborators given in 2012. For the climate models, we carefully consider the relevance of the system's parameters. Furthermore, we pursue new stability simulations for the Earth-mass objects starting along the orbit of Kepler-16b. The eccentricity distribution as obtained prefers values close to circular, whereas the inclination distribution remains flat. The stable solutions are distributed near the co-orbital Lagrangian points, thus enhancing the plausibility that Earth-mass Trojans might be able to exist in the Kepler-16(AB) system.
Stellar clusters in the Gaia era
Authors: Bragaglia Angela 
Published: March 2018

AbstractStellar clusters are important for astrophysics in many ways, for instance as optimal tracers of the Galactic populations to which they belong or as one of the best test bench for stellar evolutionary models. Gaia DR1, with TGAS, is just skimming the wealth of exquisite information we are expecting from the more advanced catalogues, but already offers good opportunities and indicates the vast potentialities. Gaia results can be efficiently complemented by ground-based data, in particular by large spectroscopic and photometric surveys. Examples of some scientific results of the Gaia-ESO survey are presented, as a teaser for what will be possible once advanced Gaia releases and ground-based data will be combined.
White dwarfs in the Gaia era
Authors: Tremblay P.-E. , Gentile-Fusillo N. , Cummings J. , Jordan S. , Gänsicke B. T. , Kalirai J. S. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe vast majority of stars will become white dwarfs at the end of the stellar life cycle. These remnants are precise cosmic clocks owing to their well constrained cooling rates. Gaia Data Release 2 is expected to discover hundreds of thousands of white dwarfs, which can then be observed spectroscopically with WEAVE and 4MOST. By employing spectroscopically derived atmospheric parameters combined with Gaia parallaxes, white dwarfs can constrain the stellar formation history in the early developing phases of the Milky Way, the initial mass function in the 1.5 to 8 M⊙ range, and the stellar mass loss as well as the state of planetary systems during the post main-sequence evolution.
Astrometric Reduction of Cassini ISS Images of Enceladus in 2015 Based on Gaia DR1
Authors: Zhang Q. F. , Lainey V. , Vienne A. , Cooper N. J. , Peng Q. Y. , Wang N. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe Gaia DR1 catalogue stars are taken as reference ones to reduce the Cassini ISS images of Enceladus in 2015, and a total of 494 Cassini-centered astrometric observation are obtained in right ascension(α) and declination (δ) in the international Celestial Reference Frame(ICRF). Compared with JPL ephemerides SAT367, we derive that their mean residuals are a few tens meters in α*cos(δ) and a few kilometers in δ, and their standard deviation is not over 2 kilometers. Compared with the results from UCAC4 catalogue stars, The Gaia DR1 has the equivalent precision of reduction.
Gaia observations of naked-eye stars: status update
Authors: Sahlmann J. , Mora A. , Martín-Fleitas J. M. , Abreu A. , Crowley C. , Fink M. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractESA's Gaia space astrometry mission is performing an all-sky survey of stellar objects. At the beginning of the nominal mission in July 2014, an operation scheme was adopted that enabled Gaia to routinely acquire observations of all stars brighter than the original limit of G~6, i.e. the naked-eye stars. We present the current status and extent of those observations.
The thick disc according to Gaia-ESO
Authors: Howes Louise M. , Bensby Thomas 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn the era of large spectroscopic surveys, it is vital that selection effects are taken into account when making conclusions about the stellar populations of the Galaxy. Here we use the Galactic disc sample of stars from the Gaia-ESO Survey internal data release 4 (GES iDR4), applying the published selection function to characterise the vertical extent of the chemically defined thick and thin discs.
Herbig Ae/Be stars with TGAS parallaxes in the HR diagram
Authors: Vioque Miguel , Oudmaijer René D. , Baines Deborah 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe intermediate mass Herbig Ae/Be stars are young stars approaching the Main Sequence and are key to understanding the differences in formation mechanisms between magnetic low mass stars and non-magnetic high mass stars. A large fraction of known Herbig Ae/Be stars have TGAS parallaxes, which were used to derive luminosities and place 107 of these objects in the HR diagram, increasing the number of objects using directly determined parallaxes by a factor of 5. We also studied the characteristics of the infrared excesses of this set of Herbig Ae/Be stars and we linked our results to an evolutionary analysis.
Metallicity distribution functions using Gaia-DR1 data
Authors: Kordopatis Georges ,   RAVE collaboration
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe metallicity distribution function (MDF) of the stellar components of the Milky Way hold valuable information regarding the processes that have taken place in the evolution of our Galaxy. In this proceeding, we investigate updates concerning the MDF now that the Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution (TGAS) catalogue has been released and that trigonometric distances are available. In particular, vertical changes and skewness of the MDF are investigated, together with the properties of the metal-rich stars in the sample, at different positions in the Galaxy.
Developing Automated Spectral Analysis Tools for Interstellar Features Extractionto Support Construction of the 3D ISM Map
Authors: Puspitarini L. , Lallement R. , Monreal-Ibero A. , Chen H.-C. , Malasan H. L. , Aprilia  , Arifyanto M. I. , Irfan M. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractOne of the ways to obtain a detailed 3D ISM map is by gathering interstellar (IS) absorption data toward widely distributed background target stars at known distances (line-of-sight/LOS data). The radial and angular evolution of the LOS measurements allow the inference of the ISM spatial distribution. For a better spatial resolution, one needs a large number of the LOS data. It requires building fast tools to measure IS absorption. One of the tools is a global analysis that fit two different diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) simultaneously. We derived the equivalent width (EW) ratio of the two DIBs recorded in each spectrum of target stars. The ratio variability can be used to study IS environmental conditions or to detect DIB family.
Gaia DR1 completeness within 250 pc & star formation history of the Solar neighbourhood
Authors: Bernard Edouard J. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe took advantage of the Gaia DR1 to combine TGAS parallaxes with Tycho-2 and APASS photometry to calculate the star formation history (SFH) of the solar neighbourhood within 250 pc using the colour-magnitude diagram fitting technique. We present the determination of the completeness within this volume, and compare the resulting SFH with that calculated from the Hipparcos catalogue within 80 pc of the Sun. We also show how this technique will be applied out to ~5 kpc thanks to the next Gaia data releases, which will allow us to quantify the SFH of the thin disc, thick disc and halo in situ, rather than extrapolating based on the stars from these components that are today in the solar neighbourhood.
Galactic disk structure as revealed by LAMOST A stars
Authors: Chen B.-Q. , Liu X.-W. , Yuan H.-B. , Huang Y. , Xiang M.-S. , Wang C. , Tian Z.-J. , Zhang H.-W. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractUsing the spectroscopic distances of over 0.12 million A-type stars selected from the LAMOST Spectroscopic Survey of the Galactic Anti-center (LSS-GAC), we map their three-dimensional number density distributions in the Galaxy. These stellar number density maps allow an investigation of the Galactic young age thin disk structure with no a priori assumptions about the functional form of its components. The data show strong evidence for a significant flaring young disk. A more detail analysis show that the stellar flaring have different behaviours between the Northern and the Southern Galactic disks. The maps also reveal spatially coherent, kpc-scale stellar substructure in the thin disk. Finally, we detect the Perseus arm stellar overdensity at R ~ 10 kpc.
Optimisation of JWST operations with the help of Gaia
Authors: Sahlmann J. , Nelan E. G. , Chayer P. , McLean B. , Lallo M. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is scheduled for launch in 2018. To operate and observe efficiently, JWST will rely on various external astrometric and photometric catalogues, in particular the HST Guide Star Catalog (GSC), for instance to locate sources accurately on the sky. The incorporation of the Gaia astrometric catalog will improve the absolute astrometry of the GSC and is therefore relevant for JWST operations. We outline how the JWST Science and Operations Center hosted at the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) intends to use the Gaia survey results to improve upon operational aspects such as the guiding and the geometric focal plane characterisation of JWST.
Wide Binaries in TGAS: Search Method and First Results
Authors: Andrews Jeff J. , Chanamé Julio , Agüeros Marcel A. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHalf of all stars reside in binary systems, many of which have orbital separations in excess of 1000 AU. Such binaries are typically identified in astrometric catalogs by matching the proper motions vectors of close stellar pairs. We present a fully Bayesian method that properly takes into account positions, proper motions, parallaxes, and their correlated uncertainties to identify widely separated stellar binaries. After applying our method to the >2 × 106stars in the Tycho-Gaia astrometric solution from Gaia DR1, we identify over 6000 candidate wide binaries. For those pairs with separations less than 40,000 AU, we determine the contamination rate to be ≈5%. This sample has an orbital separation (a) distribution that is roughly flat in log space for separations less than ~5000 AU and follows a power law ofa−1.6at larger separations.
Optical interferometry and Gaia parallaxes for a robust calibration of the Cepheid distance scale
Authors: Kervella Pierre , Mérand Antoine , Gallenne Alexandre , Trahin Boris , Borgniet Simon , Pietrzynski Grzegorz , Nardetto Nicolas , Gieren Wolfgang 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe present the modeling tool we developed to incorporate multi-technique observations of Cepheids in a single pulsation model: the Spectro-Photo-Interferometry of Pulsating Stars (SPIPS). The combination of angular diameters from optical interferometry, radial velocities and photometry with the coming Gaia DR2 parallaxes of nearby Galactic Cepheids will soon enable us to calibrate the projection factor of the classical Parallax-of-Pulsation method. This will extend its applicability to Cepheids too distant for accurate Gaia parallax measurements, and allow us to precisely calibrate the Leavitt law's zero point. As an example application, we present the SPIPS model of the long-period Cepheid RS Pup that provides a measurement of its projection factor, using the independent distance estimated from its light echoes.
Unveiling the stellar halo with TGAS
Authors: Veljanoski Jovan , Posti L. , Helmi A. , Breddels M. A. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe detailed study of the Galactic stellar halo may hold the key to unlocking the assembly history of the Milky Way. Here, we present a machine learning model for selecting metal poor stars from the TGAS catalogue using 5 dimensional phase-space information, coupled with optical and near-IR photometry. We characterise the degree of substructure in our halo sample in the Solar neighbourhood by measuring the velocity correlation function.
Placental mitochondrial biogenesis and function was slightly changed by gestational hypercholesterolemia in full-term pregnant women
Authors: Le Z.-Y. , Dong S. , Zhang R. , Cai X.-P. , Gao A. , Xiao R. , Yu H.-L. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIt was reported that high blood cholesterol levels increased the susceptibility to mitochondrial dysfunction. This study hypothesized that the gestational hypercholesterolemia (HC) could induce the mitochondrial dysfunction in term human placenta. The eligible pregnant women were recruited from Xuanwu Hospital in Beijing during their first prenatal visit (before their 10th week of pregnancy). In total, 19 pregnant women whose serum total cholesterol levels were higher than 7.25 mmat third trimester (measured at 36–38 weeks) were selected as gestational HC. Other 19 pregnant women with normal cholesterol level matched with age, pre-gestational body mass index, and the neonatal gender were included as the control group. Full-term placenta samples were collected. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number, messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, adenosine triphosphate monophosphatase 6 (ATP6ase), citrate synthase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) co-activator 1α, PPARγ co-activator 1β and estrogen-related receptor-α, and the activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme complex were measured. Pregnancy outcomes were obtained by extraction from medical records and the labor ward register. The results showed that only placental mtDNA copy number and mRNA expression of ATP6ase were significantly decreased in HC group. No significant differences were detected of other measurements between the two groups. These findings indicated that gestational HC might not induce the damage of placental function seriously.