bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intravenous recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator thrombolysis for acute central retinal artery occlusion: a meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Xiaotang , Liu Yong , Suo Yan , Qin Dan , Meng Qiang , Zhang Yanchun , Zhang Hua , Wang Ying 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO), an ocular stroke, causes severe and permanent visual impairment. Thrombolytic therapy is currently the main treatment option for CRAO. Intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) has been extensively applied in the treatment of CRAO with the proven advantages of effectiveness and safety. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy of intravenous rt-PA thrombolysis for the management of CRAO by evaluating the pooled evidence. Methods: A comprehensive literature search of electronic databases including PubMed, OVID, and Cochrane Library was conducted up to and including March 2019. All studies reporting visual outcomes after CRAO (with thrombolytic therapy) were collected. Patient-level data on visual acuity (VA) and adverse events were recorded and assessed in this analysis. Data were inputted into the statistical software of STATA. The studies were weighted by the inverse of the variance and merged in a random-effects model. Results: The systematic review process yielded seven eligible studies including 121 patients with CRAO who received the intravenous rt-PA treatment. 62 patients showed improvement in VA (52.0%; 95% CI, 34.0%-70.0%) following rt-PA intravenous thrombolytic therapy. The observed improvement rate in the intravenous rt-PA treatment group was significantly higher than the conservative treatment group (40.4% vs. 13.0%; OR, =5.16; 95% CI, 1.90-14.05). The incidence rate of complications was relatively low (11 out of the 121 patients). Hemorrhage (9/11) was the major reported complication. Mortality was zero. Conclusion: This meta-analysis indicated that intravenous rt-PA thrombolysis could be an effective and safe strategy for the management of CRAO. However, a more detailed large-scale clinical trial is warranted to strengthen the evidence-based therapeutic guidance.
Secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine is crucial for the vascular endothelial growth factor-stimulated fibrotic process in human Tenon’s fibroblasts
Authors: Xiang XiaoQiong , Luo LiYing , Chen YuHong , Ye FuXiang , Fu Yang , Tang Min 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Aberrant post-surgical scarring is responsible for failure of glaucoma filtration surgery (GFS) and is attributed to strong fibrotic process of human Tenon’s fibroblasts (HTFs). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) contribute to angiogenesis and fibrosis. However, whether SPARC can regulate the VEGF-mediated fibrotic process in HTFs has not been clarified. This study aimed to examine how SPARC and VEGF crosstalk to regulate the expression of Collagen-I and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) as well as the ERK signalling in HTFs.Methods Human Tenon's capsule tissues were cultured for preparation of HTFs, which were characterized by immunofluorescence. The effects of VEGF treatment on SPARC, Collagen-I and MMP9 expression and ERK phosphorylation were determined by Western blot, quantitative RT-PCR and immunofluorescence. The proliferation and wound healing induced by VEGF were examined in HTFs and SPARC-silenced HTFs.Results Following successful passages, immunofluorescent assays indicated that HTFs at passages 3-9 displayed unique characters of fibroblasts with Vimentin, but not keratin, expression. Treatment with VEGF significantly up-regulated SPARC, Collagen-I and MMP9 expression and ERK phosphorylation, and promoted the proliferation and wound healing of HTFs. The stimulatory effects of VEGF were significantly mitigated by SPARC silencing in HTFs.Conclusions Our data provided novel evidence that SPARC was crucial for the VEGF-stimulated fibrotic process in HTFs and may be a novel target for anti-fibrotic therapies post GFS.
Diameter and haemodynamics of internal carotid artery siphon and ophthalmic artery in patients with non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy
Authors: Fu Zhiyong , Li Hongyang , Wang Yanling 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Purpose To compare the diameter and the haemodynamics of internal carotid artery siphon(ICAS) and ophthalmic artery (OA) in patients with unilateral non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION) with their contralateral sides and age-matched controls. Methods 30 patients clinically diagnosed with NAION (unilateral affected) and 30 age-matched controls participated in this study. By CTA, the diameter of ICAS and OA in both eyes were measured. By CDI, the blood flow velocity (Vm) and the blood flow volume of ICAS and OA in both eyes were measured or calculated. Measurements on the affected side of the patients were compared to the contralateral healthy side and the controls. Results Compared between the affected sides and the controls, the Vm, the diameter, and the blood flow volume in the ICAS were all significantly decreased (p<0.05), the Vm and the blood flow volume in the OA tended to be reduced (p=0.062, 0.055 respectively), while the difference of the diameter in the OA was insignificant (p=0.116). Compared between the affected sides and the unaffected healthy sides, the Vm, the diameter, and the blood flow volume in the ICAS were also significantly decreased (p<0.05), while no marked differences were detected in the OA, neither for the Vm, the diameter, or the blood flow volume(p=0.178, 0.151,0.173 respectively). Conclusion NAION may be associated with decreased blood flow velocity and diameter in the ICAS . These findings might be potentially useful in the monitoring of NAION.
Comparison between different techniques for treatment of sub macular haemorrhage due to Age Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Saad Ahmed Abdelwahab , Vaideanu-Collins Daniela , Kishikova Lyudmila , Isac Marco , Hamada Dina , El-Haig Wael M. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background To compare the outcome of vitrectomy, subretinal tissue plasminogen activator (TPA), and gas with and without subretinal air versus Intravitreal TPA and gas in the treatment of sub macular haemorrhage (SMH) due to Neovascular age related macular degeneration Methods We analysed the notes of 29 cases presented with SMH in the period between 01/2016 and 09/2018 in James Cook University Hospital. Presenting visual acuity (BCVA), size and location of SMH, Procedure done, final BCVA at 6 months and any surgical complications were recorded. 11 Cases (Group 1) received intravitreal TPA (50ug in 0.1 ML), 0.3 ml of pure SF6. 18 cases (Group 2) received 23 G Pars Plana vitrectomy, Subretinal TPA injection (25ug in 0.1 ml), and 20% SF6 gas filling. Group 2 was further divided into 2A (10 patients) who received only subretinal TPA and group 2B (8 patients) who received additional 0.1 ml subretinal air.Results The mean BCVA at presentation was 0.0068 in group 1 and 0.0067 in group 2 (p= 0.8734). The mean postoperative BCVA at six months was 0.31 in group 1 and 0.58 in group 2 (p=0.0015). Subgroup analysis of group 2 didn’t show statistically significant difference in outcome when adding subretinal air to the vitrectomy procedure (p=0.7009).Conclusion Vitrectomy, gas and subretinal TPA has more successful displacement rate and better visual outcome than Intravitreal TPA & Gas alone in treating SMH involving the fovea in AMD. Additional subretinal air doesn't seem to improve the outcome in cases having vitrectcomy.
WITHDRAWN: Transconjunctival Cryo-Assisted Extraction of Intraconal Cavernous Hemangioma
Authors: Ghafar Ayman E Abd El , Saleh Sameh M , Elwehidy Ahmed S 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of transconjunctival cryo-assisted orbitotomy for extraction of intraconal cavernous hemangioma. Methods The study was performed at the Mansoura ophthalmic center, Mansoura University, Egypt from May 2015 to August 2018. It included 18 patients with orbital intraconal cavernous hemangioma. In all cases, preoperative orbital MRI with contrast was performed, transconjunctival approach was used and cryo-assisted extraction of the lesion was performed. Cases were followed for six months after surgery. Results This study included 18 patients with intraconal cavernous hemangioma, ten females (55.6%) and eight males (44.4%) with a mean age 35.6 years. All lesions were located in the intraconal space, eight cases (44.5%) were lateral to the optic nerve, four cases (22.2%) were above the optic nerve, and six cases (33.3%) were below the optic nerve. Postoperative complications included three cases (16.7%) that showed postoperative diplopia due to lateral rectus paresis that improved in all cases within six months, one case (5.6%) that showed postoperative retrobulbar hemorrhage and proptosis that resolved within two weeks without sequelae, and four cases (22.2%) that showed subconjunctival hemorrhage, which resolved within two weeks. Of the two cases with drop of visual acuity preoperative, one case (5.6%) showed improvement of visual acuity and one case (5.6%) did not improve. Conclusions Transconjunctival cryo-assisted extraction of intraconal cavernous hemangioma represents a safe more conservative and effective technique.
Predictive factors of selective mineralocorticoid antagonist treatment in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy
Authors: Gergely Róbert , Kovács Illés , Sándor Gábor László , Czakó Cecília , Récsán Zsuzsanna , Nagy Zoltán Zsolt , Ecsedy Mónika 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Purpose: To compare the macular morphology of good and poor responders to eplerenone treatment in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) patients. Methods: 30 eyes of 29 patients with chronic CSCR were treated with 50 mg/day oral eplerenone and followed up for one year. The integrity of outer retinal layers at baseline was assessed using optical coherence tomography. Patients who showed complete resolution of subretinal fluid at one year were assigned to the good responder group (Group 1), whilst those who showed moderate or no resolution were classified as poor responders (Group 2). Results: In Group 2 hyperreflective foci in outer segment and outer nuclear layer were significantly more frequent, while ellipsoid zone interruption was significantly more frequent than in Group 1 (p=0.006 and p<0.001 respectively). The multivariable regression analysis showed that intact ellipsoid zone at baseline is an independent predictor of good therapeutic response, with an odds ratio of 26.00 (95% CI: 3.69–183.45; p=0.001). Conclusion: The resolution of subretinal fluid after eplerenone treatment is associated with the integrity of outer retinal layers in CSCR patients. Baseline morphologic evaluation of these layers can be useful in predicting the response to mineralocorticoid antagonist therapy.
The Therapeutic Potential of Chemokines in the Treatment of Chemotherapy- Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Zhou Lin , Ao Luyao , Yan Yunyi , Li Wanting , Ye Anqi , Hu Yahui , Fang Weirong , Li Yunman 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Some of the current challenges and complications of cancer therapy are chemotherapy-
induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) and the neuropathic pain that are associated with
this condition. Many major chemotherapeutic agents can cause neurotoxicity, significantly modulate
the immune system and are always accompanied by various adverse effects. Recent evidence suggests
that cross-talk occurs between the nervous system and the immune system during treatment with chemotherapeutic
agents; thus, an emerging concept is that neuroinflammation is one of the major
mechanisms underlying CIPN, as demonstrated by the upregulation of chemokines. Chemokines were
originally identified as regulators of peripheral immune cell trafficking, and chemokines are also expressed
on neurons and glial cells in the central nervous system.

Objective:
In this review, we collected evidence demonstrating that chemokines are potential mediators
and contributors to pain signalling in CIPN. The expression of chemokines and their receptors,
such as CX3CL1/CX3CR1, CCL2/CCR2, CXCL1/CXCR2, CXCL12/CXCR4 and CCL3/CCR5, is
altered in the pathological conditions of CIPN, and chemokine receptor antagonists attenuate neuropathic
pain behaviour.

Conclusion:
By understanding the mechanisms of chemokine-mediated communication, we may reveal
chemokine targets that can be used as novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of CIPN.
In Silico Elucidation of the Molecular Recognition of Phenol Derivative Compounds and Hippuryl-histidyl-leucine as an Artificial Substrate with the Experimental Target: Angiotensin-converting Enzyme
Authors: Vázquez-Valaldez Víctor Hugo , Hernández S Manuel Alejandro , Cedillo Ivonne Carrillo , Velázquez Sanchez Ana María , Guevara Mildred Sauce , Castañares Rafael López , Ángeles Enrique 
Published: September 2019

Background:
An elucidation study was carried out to evaluate 19 different methylthiomorpholine,
methylmorpholine and piperidine compounds as possible inhibitors of the Angiotensin
Converter Enzyme (ACE) using as a positive blank: Captopril, drug used as an antihypertensive agent
and known for its biological effect over ACE. Also, the interaction using Hippuryl-histidyl-leucine
(HHL) as an artificial substrate was simulated.

Methods:
The study was made using the Molecular Operating Environment (MOE), SYBYL and
Gaussian software.

Results:
All the molecular recognition process was performed under the conditions reported for such
interaction, in order to emulate the experimental parameters as close as is possible to a real system.

Conclusion:
After the calculations the best candidates for the ACE inhibition were determined.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Children with Type-I Diabetes Mellitus Hospitalized for Ketoacidosis
Authors: Ababulgu Roza Zinab , Tesfaye Behailu Terefe 
Published: September 2019

Background:Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a common autoimmune disorder that often presents in children. In these patients, diabetic ketoacidosis is one of the most common and serious acute complications associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Nevertheless, limited studies are conducted in Ethiopia.Objective:The aim of this study was to assess patient-related characteristics and outcomes of diabetic ketoacidosis, and their relative difference among children with newly diagnosed and previously known type-I diabetes mellitus.Methods:This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of 63 type-1 diabetes patients admitted for ketoacidosis at Jimma university medical center, a tertiary hospital. Data was collected using a checklist, and entered into Epidata 4.2.0.0 and analyzed using STATA 13.0. Descriptive statistics was performed; Mann-Whitney and Chi-square test statistics were employed for comparison.Result:Of the total, 39 were newly diagnosed type-I diabetes patients. Polydipsia and Polyuria (each in 74.6%) were the predominant symptoms at presentation. ketoacidosis precipitants were undocumented in the majority of the patients (53.97%). Mean (±SD) Random blood sugar was 434.05 (±117.62)mg/dl. Ketoacidosis was mild in severity in 63.49%. Family history of diabetes, unknown precipitants and the first episode of ketoacidosis were significantly different among the new and known type-I diabetes patients. No mortality was documented.Conclusion:The observed patient characteristics are typical of those reported in many studies and standard resources. Despite no mortality was documented, the need for early diagnosis and management should not be overlooked. Further study, with large sample size, is recommended to point-out the real characteristics difference among new and known type-I diabetes mellitus patients admitted for ketoacidosis.
Synthesis of Substituted Cinnamido Linked Quinazolinone Congeners as Potential Anticancer Agents via Mitochondrial Dependent Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
Authors: Manasa Kesari L. , Saifi Mohd A. , Tangella Yellaiah , Godugu Chandraiah , Alvala Mallika 
Published: September 2019

Background:
The synthesis of novel heterocyclic scaffolds with amide functionality is a key research
area due to their plethora of medicinal applications. The present study aims to explore the synthesis of new
cinnamido linked quinazolinone congeners and their potential as anticancer agents.

Methods:
Cytotoxicity evaluation, Cell cycle analysis, JC-1 staining, ROS, Annexin V assays, AO/EB, DAPI
nuclear staining, Colony-forming assay and Western blot analysis.

Results:
Among the synthesized compounds, 5eb and 5fc have shown promising cytotoxic activity with an IC50
value of 3.89±1.01µM and 4.05±0.62µM against HeLa cell lines. The flow-cytometry analysis demonstrated
that the compound 5eb arrested the sub-G1 phase of the cell cycle and induced apoptosis. Furthermore, the compound
5eb triggered the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), which was assessed by JC-1
staining and also induced the generation of Reactive Oxygen Species. An increase in the expression of proapoptotic
proteins such as Bax, p53, cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-3 by 5eb confirmed the activation of
the mitochondrial-dependent intrinsic apoptosis pathway.

Conclusion:
Our results suggest that compound 5eb and 5fc of cinnamido linked quinazolinone derivatives
could serve as potential leads in the development of novel chemotherapeutic agents.
Nutraceuticals’ Novel Formulations: The Good, the Bad, the Unknown and Patents Involved
Authors: Helal Nada A. , Eassa Heba A. , Amer Ahmed M. , Eltokhy Mohamed A. , Edafiogho Ivan , Nounou Mohamed I. 
Published: September 2019

:
Traditional nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals hold pragmatic nature with respect to their
definitions, claims, purposes and marketing strategies. Their definitions are not well established
worldwide. They also have different regulatory definitions and registration regulatory processes in
different parts of the world. Global prevalence of nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals is noticeably high
with large market share with minimal regulation compared to traditional drugs. The global market is
flooded with nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals claiming to be of natural origin and sold with a therapeutic
claim by major online retail stores such as Amazon and eBay. Apart from the traditional formulations,
many manufacturers and researchers use novel formulation technologies in nutraceutical and
cosmeceutical formulations for different reasons and objectives. Manufacturers tend to differentiate
their products with novel formulations to increase market appeal and sales. On the other hand, researchers
use novel strategies to enhance nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals activity and safety.

:
The objective of this review is to assess the current patents and research adopting novel formulation
strategies in nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals. Patents and research papers investigating nutraceutical
and cosmeceutical novel formulations were surveyed for the past 15 years. Various nanosystems and
advanced biotechnology systems have been introduced to improve the therapeutic efficacy, safety and
market appeal of nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals, including liposomes, polymeric micelles, quantum
dots, nanoparticles, and dendrimers. This review provides an overview of nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals
current technologies, highlighting their pros, cons, misconceptions, regulatory definitions and
market. This review also aims in separating the science from fiction in the nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals
development, research and marketing.
The Relationship between Pre-miR-3131 3-bp Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism and Susceptibility and Clinicopathological Characteristics of Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Azizi Mahsa , Rahimi Nahid , Bahari Gholamreza , Hashemi Seyed Mehdi , Hashemi Mohammad 
Published: September 2019

Aims:This study aimed at examining the effect of 3-bp pre-miR-3131 insertion/deletion (ins/del) polymorphism on Breast Cancer (BC) risk.Objectives:Totally 403 women including 199 BC patients and 204 women who have no cancer were included in this case-control study. Genotyping of miR-3131 3-bp ins/del polymorphism was performed by mismatch PCR-RFLP method.Methods:The findings expressed that the pre-miR-3131 3-bp ins/del variant was not related to the risk of BC in all genetic tested models. While, the ins/del genotype was related to late onset BC (OR=2.53, 95%CI=1.27-4.84, p=0.008).Results:Pooled results from the meta-analysis indicated to that the pre-miR-3131 ins/del is related to with an increased risk of cancer in heterozygous (OR=1.26, 95%CI=1.06-1.51, p=0.01), dominant (OR=1.33, 95%CI=1.14-1.54, p=0.0002), and allele (OR=1.24, 95%CI=1.06-1.45, p=0.006) genetics models.Conclusion:It is concluded that, our findings did not support a relationship between pre-miR-3131 ins/del polymorphism and the risk of BC. While, this variant was significantly related to late onset BC. Combined results of this study with previous studies indicated that this polymorphism increased the risk of cancer. More studies in a study with larger population with variety of ethnicities are required to verify our findings.
Grid-connected Control Strategy for Controllable Hybrid Systems Based on Hydrogen Storage
Authors: Li Zheng , Zhang Liping , Du Lei , Dong Weichao , Sun Hexu 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Aiming at the power fluctuation of wind/ photovoltaic (PV)/ energy storage
(ES) hybrid energy conversion system injected into the grid, this paper builds a mathematical model
system of distributed microgrid with PV coupling to the DC side of the doubly fed induction generator
(DFIG) and proposes hierarchical and phased power coordination strategy.

Methods:
The hydrogen storage part and the Supercapacitor (SC) are used as backup power and
power adjustment units to ensure power supply reliability and compensate for the shortcomings of
wind and solar energy intermittent. The power coordination strategy assigns power reference control
and the power controller follows the reference value (i.e., hierarchical control). The electrolysis cell
(EL) and the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) perform phased power control (i.e.,
minimum power, rated power, maximum power). The SC is divided into two operating modes,
which are the same or opposite to the EL/PEMFC output power direction.

Results:
To reduce the wait time of the SC, the SC is free to switch between the two modes by setting
the recovery voltage. The SC is mainly aimed at wind speed and load abrupt changes, and the
hydrogen storage part is designed to solve the short-term energy shortage and surplus.

Conclusion:
In the 3-machine 9-bus system, the actual wind power, irradiance and temperature data
of North China are used for verification. The method can effectively balance the wind wave fluctuation
power, prolong the life of the EL, fully utilize the space of the SC, and reduce the cost.