bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Las dimensiones del bienestar de niños y niñas que viven en Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Authors: Tonon Graciela Haydeé , Benatuil Denise , Laurito Maria Juliana 
Published: August 2018

Este trabajo aborda el tema del bienestar, definido como la evaluación cognitiva y afectiva que la persona hace de su propia vida (Diener, 2000). El interés se centra en conocer y entender lo que hace feliz y lo que genera bienestar a niños y niñas (Ben-Arieh, 2000; Ben-Arieh et al., 2013). Para lograrlo, tratamos de acceder a diferentes áreas de la vida de los/as niños/as, intentando abarcar las dimensiones sociales, culturales y políticas del bienestar. Trabajamos utilizando el método cualitativo, dando a niños/as un papel protagónico. La muestra consistió en dos grupos de niños y niñas, entre 8 y 12 años que viven en Buenos Aires, Argentina. Se utilizó la técnica de grupo focal y se abordaron los siguientes temas: satisfacción-insatisfacción; seguridad - inseguridad; justicia - injusticia; personas significativas en sus vidas y sus opiniones acerca de la escuela y la ciudad. En ambos grupos la satisfacción estuvo vinculada al juego y a la realización de actividades gratificantes. Los resultados del estudio muestran que la familia y los grupos de pares juega un papel central para estos niños/as, en tanto que la escuela tiene un lugar ambivalente.
Onderzoek naar conflictscheidingen: een reactie op Van Montfoort (2018)
Authors: de Ruiter Corine 
Published: August 2018

Onderzoek naar conflictscheidingen: een reactie op Van Montfoort (2018)
In deze bijdrage wordt een reactie gegeven op de publicatie van Van Montfoort (2018), ‘Beschuldigingen van kindermishandeling en echtscheidingsconflicten. Reactie op De Ruiter & Van Pol (2017)’. Van Montfoort richt zich in zijn reactie exclusief op onze vraag over de prevalentie van valse beschuldigingen van kindermishandeling in onze websurvey bij meer dan 800 juridische en sociale professionals in Nederland die in hun werk met conflictscheidingen te maken hebben. Wij delen zijn standpunten niet en betogen dat het voor juridische en sociale professionals noodzakelijk is om kennis te hebben van prevalentieschattingen om tunnelvisie te vermijden. Daarnaast geven wij aan dat verbetering van het feitenonderzoek in omgangszaken noodzakelijk is.---This contribution is a response to Van Montfoort (2018), ‘Allegations of child abuse in conflictual divorce cases. Response to De Ruiter & Van Pol (2017)’ . Van Montfoort focusses his response exclusively on the question concerning the prevalence of false allegations of child abuse from our websurvey among more than 800 legal and social professionals in the Netherlands who are dealing with high conflict divorce cases in their work. We do not share his viewpoints and argue that both legal and social professionals need to have knowledge of prevalence estimations (‘base rates’) in order to avoid tunnel vision. We also emphasize the need for improvements in fact finding in child custody cases in our country and provide examples of recent initiatives to this end.
Mesurer les compétences transversales des étudiants : apports et limites d’une grille d’autoévaluation
Authors: Berthaud Julien 
Published: August 2018

Cet article propose une réflexion sur les compétences transversales acquises ou mobilisées par les étudiants, à l’université ou en dehors du campus. La notion de transversalité considérée ici envisage la mobilisation de telles compétences au sein des multiples dimensions de l’expérience étudiante : sociale, universitaire, professionnelle, voire personnelle. Cette réflexion est enrichie par la construction d’une grille d’autoévaluation réalisée à partir d’un référentiel de compétences et soumise à un échantillon d’étudiants inscrits en cycle licence dans une université française. La description des niveaux de compétences déclarés par les étudiants souligne les apports et les limites d’une telle mesure, tout en poussant la réflexion sur les compétences étudiantes.
Assessment of Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Using the EQ-5D
Authors: Mealy Maureen A. , Boscoe Audra , Caro Jaime , Levy Michael 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Background:
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by unpredictable attacks of the optic nerves and spinal cord that cause neurologic deficits, including weakness, numbness, bowel/bladder dysfunction, and pain and reduced vision and can ultimately lead to blindness and paralysis. We assessed the effects of NMOSD on quality of life.

Methods:
Adult patients with NMOSD treated at a US academic neurology clinic completed the EQ-5D and several other measures of functional status and quality of life. The EQ-5D scores and correlations across measures were evaluated, and scores were compared with those of patients with multiple sclerosis and US norms.

Results:
Twenty-one patients (90% women; mean age, 42.8 years; mean disease duration, 8.2 years) were included. The mean EQ-5D score was 0.74. Most patients reported at least some problems with mobility, pain/discomfort, usual activities, and/or anxiety/depression. Greater proportions of patients reported moderate or severe problems with mobility and pain/discomfort than they did with self-care, usual activities, or anxiety/depression. In a multivariate model, only the Brief Pain Inventory was a significant independent predictor of overall EQ-5D score.

Conclusions:
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder has a substantial effect on multiple domains of quality of life. Pain seems to be among the primary drivers of the EQ-5D scores in NMOSD.
Case Report: Scrambler Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Central Neuropathic Pain in a Patient with Transverse Myelitis
Authors: Mealy Maureen A. , Newsome Scott D. , Kozachik Sharon L. , Levy Michael , Smith Thomas J. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Central neuropathic pain is a severely disabling consequence of conditions that cause tissue damage in the central nervous system. It is often refractory to treatments commonly used for peripheral neuropathy. Scrambler therapy is an emerging noninvasive pain-modifying technique that uses transcutaneous electrical stimulation of nociceptive fibers with the intent of reorganizing maladaptive signaling pathways. It has been examined for the treatment of peripheral neuropathy with favorable safety and efficacy outcomes, but its application to central neuropathic pain has not been reported in transverse myelitis. We describe the use of Scrambler therapy in a patient with persistent central neuropathic pain due to transverse myelitis. The patient had tried multiple drugs for treatment of the pain, but they were not effective or caused adverse effects. After a course of Scrambler therapy, pain scores improved considerably more than what was reported with previous pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions. This case supports further investigation of Scrambler therapy in multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, and other immune-mediated disorders that damage the central nervous system.
Transcriptome analysis of growth heterosis in pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii
Authors: Yang Jingmiao , Luo Shaojie , Li Junhui , Zheng Zhe , Du Xiaodong , Deng Yuewen 
Published: August 2018

Heterosis improves growth and survival of shellfish species. Although breeders have widely exploited heterosis, its underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, a 2 × 2 complete diallel cross was facilitated between two full‐sib families to produce two inbred families (A and D) and their reciprocal hybrid families (B and C) of pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii. Growth traits of the four families were compared at the adult stages. Transcriptome analysis was conducted on the four families using an Illumina sequencing platform. The results revealed that the growth traits of the four families significantly varied (P < 0.05). The mid‐parent heterosis values of shell length, shell height, shell width, shell weight, and total weight were 12.9%, 14.9%, 18.2%, 17.2%, and 33.2%, respectively. The B‐ and C‐inbred (A and D) triads had 79 and 68 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively, which were dominantly nonadditive, including overdominance, underdominance, and low‐parent dominance. Gene ontology term analysis showed that the DEGs in the B‐ and C‐inbred triads were enriched for metabolic process, cellular process cell part, binding, and catalytic activity. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis indicated that the DEGs in the B‐ and C‐inbred triads were involved in focal adhesion, the P13K‐Akt signaling pathway, the mRNA surveillance pathway, and the focal adhesion pathway. The reliability of the sequencing data was confirmed by real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis of six growth‐related genes. The findings of this study provide new insights into heterosis for growth traits and the design of genetic breeding programs for this species.
Magnetic Nanoparticle Encapsulation for the Manipulation of Bacterial Movement and Spontaneous Detection by Reduced Graphene Oxide
Authors: Saha Biswajit , Purwar Prashant , Lee Junghoon , Saha Sudipta 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAdvanced sensing technologies have significantly shortened the detection period of bacteria; however, bringing bacteria to the sensing surfaces is challenging at low concentrations because of their continuous swinging and tumbling movement in new directions. The natural diffusion of bacteria to the sensing surface requires a long sensing duration. In this contribution, the spontaneous detection of bacteria is reported using a magnetic nanoparticle encapsulation methodology. Bacteria are encapsulated by magnetic nanoparticles and brought to the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sensing surface under an external magnetic force in less than 1 min. Finally, magnetic nanoparticle encapsulated bacteria are detected by aptamer functionalized rGO field‐effect‐transistor sensors. The encapsulation of bacteria by magnetic nanoparticles is confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and super‐resolution confocal laser scanning microscopy. In addition, the substrate‐independent fabrication of rGO sensors is demonstrated using an ultralow‐volume dispenser that allows the centimeter‐scale patterning of graphene oxide. rGO patterns are highly sensitive to surface charge density.
Light‐Stimulatable Molecules/Nanoparticles Networks for Switchable Logical Functions and Reservoir Computing
Authors: Viero Yannick , Guérin David , Vladyka Anton , Alibart Fabien , Lenfant Stéphane , Calame M. , Vuillaume Dominique 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe fabrication and electron transport properties of nanoparticles self‐assembled networks (NPSAN) of molecular switches (azobenzene derivatives) interconnected by Au nanoparticles are reported, and optically driven switchable logical operations associated to the light‐controlled switching of the molecules are demonstrated. The switching yield is up to 74%. It is also demonstrated that these NPSANs are prone to light‐stimulable reservoir computing. The complex nonlinearity of electron transport and dynamics in these highly connected and recurrent networks of molecular junctions exhibits rich high harmonics generation (HHG) required for reservoir computing approaches. Logical functions and HHG are controlled by the isomerization of the molecules upon light illumination. These results, without direct analogs in semiconductor devices, open new perspectives to molecular electronics in unconventional computing.
Tuning Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysts by Changing the A‐Site Rare‐Earth Element in Perovskite Nickelates
Authors: Wang Le , Stoerzinger Kelsey A. , Chang Lei , Zhao Jiali , Li Yangyang , Tang Chi Sin , Yin Xinmao , Bowden Mark E. , Yang Zhenzhong , Guo Haizhong , You Lu , Guo Rui , Wang Jiaou , Ibrahim Kurash , Chen Jingsheng , Rusydi Andrivo , Wang Junling , Chambers Scott A. , Du Yingge 
Published: August 2018

AbstractPerovskite‐structured (ABO3) transition metal oxides are promising bifunctional electrocatalysts for efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In this paper, a set of epitaxial rare‐earth nickelates (RNiO3) thin films is investigated with controlled A‐site isovalent substitution to correlate their structure and physical properties with ORR/OER activities, examined by using a three‐electrode system in O2‐saturated 0.1 m KOH electrolyte. The ORR activity decreases monotonically with decreasing the A‐site element ionic radius which lowers the conductivity of RNiO3 (R = La, La0.5Nd0.5, La0.2Nd0.8, Nd, Nd0.5Sm0.5, Sm, and Gd) films, with LaNiO3 being the most conductive and active. On the other hand, the OER activity initially increases upon substituting La with Nd and is maximal at La0.2Nd0.8NiO3. Moreover, the OER activity remains comparable within error through Sm‐doped NdNiO3. Beyond that, the activity cannot be measured due to the potential voltage drop across the film. The improved OER activity is ascribed to the partial reduction of Ni3+ to Ni2+ as a result of oxygen vacancies, which increases the average occupancy of the eg antibonding orbital to more than one. The work highlights the importance of tuning A‐site elements as an effective strategy for balancing ORR and OER activities of bifunctional electrocatalysts.
Growth of Large‐Area SnS Films with Oriented 2D SnS Layers for Energy‐Efficient Broadband Optoelectronics
Authors: Patel Malkeshkumar , Kim Joondong , Kim Yu Kwon 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe anisotropic properties of 2D orthorhombic SnS (tin monosulfide, p‐type) layers can be utilized in energy‐efficient optoelectronics by growing 2D SnS layers with a preferred orientation. To meet such a need, a strategy for growing SnS layers with the control of structural parameters such as orientation and thickness is highly desired. This report demonstrates a simple procedure for growing a large‐area SnS thin film composed of nanoscale SnS platelets with a controlled orientation relative to the surface via a single‐step process involving in situ sulfur depletion and phase structural transition of the sputter‐deposited SnS2 particles. The synthesized SnS films show good optoelectronic performances such as high signal‐to‐noise ratios, linear dynamic range, and high response speeds. In addition, the orientation of the SnS platelets is found to control the optoelectronic properties such as the electronic junction formation and the optical reflectance. The orientation‐controlled SnS layers on Si substrate operate as a good photosensor with a good zero‐bias photoresponse over a wide range of wavelengths including ultraviolet, visible, and near‐infrared. The device performances evaluated from the transient photovoltage, photocurrent, Mott–Schottky characteristics, and impedance spectroscopy are all well correlated with the geometric orientation of the 2D SnS layers within the film.
Ultrathin PtPd‐Based Nanorings with Abundant Step Atoms Enhance Oxygen Catalysis
Authors: Sun Yingjun , Zhang Xu , Luo Mingchuan , Chen Xu , Wang Lei , Li Yingjie , Li Mingqiang , Qin Yingnan , Li Chunji , Xu Nuoyan , Lu Gang , Gao Peng , Guo Shaojun 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe lack of highly active and stable catalysts with low Pt usage for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a major barrier in realizing fuel cell‐driven transportation applications. A general colloidal chemistry method is demonstrated for making a series of ultrathin PtPdM (M = Co, Ni, Fe) nanorings (NRs) for greatly boosting ORR catalysis. Different from the traditional ultrathin nanosheets, the ultrathin PtPdM NRs herein have a high portion of step atoms on the edge, high Pt utilization efficiency, and strong ligand effect from M to Pt and fast mass transport of reactants to the NRs. These key features make them exhibit greatly enhanced electrocatalytic activity for the ORR and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Among all the PtPdM NRs, the PtPdCo shows the highest ORR mass and specific activities of 3.58 A mg−1 and 4.90 mA cm−2 at 0.9 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), 23.9 and 24.5‐fold larger than those of commercial Pt/C in alkaline electrolyte, respectively. The theoretical calculations reveal that the oxygen adsorption energy (E
O) can be optimized under the presence of step atoms exposed on the edge and ligand effect induced by Co. They are stable under ORR conditions with negligible changes after 30 000 cycles.
Colorless, Transparent, Robust, and Fast Scratch‐Self‐Healing Elastomers via a Phase‐Locked Dynamic Bonds Design
Authors: Lai Yue , Kuang Xiao , Zhu Ping , Huang Miaoming , Dong Xia , Wang Dujin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractRobust self‐healing thermoplastic elastomers are expected to have repeated healing capability, remarkable mechanical properties, transparency, and superior toughness. The phase‐locked design in this work provides excellent tensile mechanical properties and efficient healability at a moderate temperature due to the dynamic disulfide bonds embedded in the hard segments and mainly being locked in the viscoelastic hard microphase region. The self‐healing elastomers exhibit a maximum tensile stress of 25 MPa and a fracture strain of over 1600%, which are quite prominent compared to previous reports. The nanoscale domains of the elastomer are smaller than the wavelength of visible light by microphase separation control resulting in colorless, nearly 100% transparency, and are as good as quartz glasses. The high dynamics of the phase‐locked disulfide bonds renders a high healing efficiency of scratches on the surface within 60 s at 70 °C. The rapid scratch healing and complete transparency recovery of the elastomers provide new avenues in the highly transparent surface or protective films which finds potential applications for precision optical lenses, flexible display screens, and automobile or aircraft lighting finishes.
Increasing the Dimensionality of Soft Microstructures through Injection‐Induced Self‐Folding
Authors: Ranzani Tommaso , Russo Sheila , Bartlett Nicholas W. , Wehner Michael , Wood Robert J. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractDevices fabricated using soft materials have been a major research focus of late, capturing the attention of scientists and laypersons alike in a wide range of fields, from microfluidics to robotics. The functionality of such devices relies on their structural and material properties; thus, the fabrication method is of utmost importance. Here, multilayer soft lithography, precision laser micromachining, and folding to establish a new paradigm are combined for creating 3D soft microstructures and devices. Phase‐changing materials are exploited to transform actuators into structural elements, allowing 2D laminates to evolve into a third spatial dimension. To illustrate the capabilities of this new fabrication paradigm, the first “microfluidic origami for reconfigurable pneumatic/hydraulic” device is designed and manufactured: a 12‐layer soft robotic peacock spider with embedded microfluidic circuitry and actuatable features.
Nondestructive Real‐Time Monitoring of Enhanced Stem Cell Differentiation Using a Graphene‐Au Hybrid Nanoelectrode Array
Authors: Lee Jin‐Ho , Choi Hye Kyu , Yang Letao , Chueng Sy‐Tsong Dean , Choi Jeong‐Woo , Lee Ki‐Bum 
Published: August 2018

AbstractStem cells have attracted increasing research interest in the field of regenerative medicine because of their unique ability to differentiate into multiple cell lineages. However, controlling stem cell differentiation efficiently and improving the current destructive characterization methods for monitoring stem cell differentiation are the critical issues. To this end, multifunctional graphene–gold (Au) hybrid nanoelectrode arrays (NEAs) to: (i) investigate the effects of combinatorial physicochemical cues on stem cell differentiation, (ii) enhance stem cell differentiation efficiency through biophysical cues, and (iii) characterize stem cell differentiation in a nondestructive real‐time manner are developed. Through the synergistic effects of physiochemical properties of graphene and biophysical cues from nanoarrays, the graphene‐Au hybrid NEAs facilitate highly enhanced cell adhesion and spreading behaviors. In addition, by varying the dimensions of the graphene‐Au hybrid NEAs, improved stem cell differentiation efficiency, resulting from the increased focal adhesion signal, is shown. Furthermore, graphene‐Au hybrid NEAs are utilized to monitor osteogenic differentiation of stem cells electrochemically in a nondestructive real‐time manner. Collectively, it is believed the unique multifunctional graphene‐Au hybrid NEAs can significantly advance stem‐cell‐based biomedical applications.
Efficient Solid‐State Photoluminescence of Graphene Quantum Dots Embedded in Boron Oxynitride for AC‐Electroluminescent Device
Authors: Park Minsu , Yoon Hyewon , Lee Jaeho , Kim Jungmo , Lee Jinho , Lee Seong‐Eui , Yoo Seunghyup , Jeon Seokwoo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEmerging graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have received much attention for use as next‐generation light‐emitting diodes. However, in the solid‐state, π‐interaction‐induced aggregation‐caused photoluminescence (PL) quenching (ACQ) in GQDs makes it challenging to realize high‐performance devices. Herein, GQDs incorporated with boron oxynitride (GQD@BNO) are prepared from a mixture of GQDs, boric acid, and urea in water via one‐step microwave heating. Due to the effective dispersion in the BNO matrix, ACQ is significantly suppressed, resulting in high PL quantum yields (PL‐QYs) of up to 36.4%, eightfold higher than that of pristine GQD in water. The PL‐QY enhancement results from an increase in the spontaneous emission rate of GQDs due to the surrounding BNO matrix, which provides a high‐refractive‐index material and fluorescence energy transfer from the larger‐gap BNO donor to the smaller‐gap GQD acceptor. A high solid‐state PL‐QY makes the GQD@BNO an ideal active material for use in AC powder electroluminescent (ACPEL) devices, with the luminance of the first working GQD‐based ACPEL device exceeding 283 cd m−2. This successful demonstration shows promise for the use of GQDs in the field of low‐cost, ecofriendly electroluminescent devices.
Coupling Interface Constructions of MoS2/Fe5Ni4S8 Heterostructures for Efficient Electrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Wu Yi , Li Fan , Chen Wenlong , Xiang Qian , Ma Yanling , Zhu Hong , Tao Peng , Song Chengyi , Shang Wen , Deng Tao , Wu Jianbo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWater splitting is considered as a pollution‐free and efficient solution to produce hydrogen energy. Low‐cost and efficient electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are needed. Recently, chemical vapor deposition is used as an effective approach to gain high‐quality MoS2 nanosheets (NSs), which possess excellent performance for water splitting comparable to platinum. Herein, MoS2 NSs grown vertically on FeNi substrates are obtained with in situ growth of Fe5Ni4S8 (FNS) at the interface during the synthesis of MoS2. The synthesized MoS2/FNS/FeNi foam exhibits only 120 mV at 10 mA cm−2 for HER and exceptionally low overpotential of 204 mV to attain the same current density for OER. Density functional theory calculations further reveal that the constructed coupling interface between MoS2 and FNS facilitates the absorption of H atoms and OH groups, consequently enhancing the performances of HER and OER. Such impressive performances herald that the unique structure provides an approach for designing advanced electrocatalysts.