bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial and temporal analysis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Zhejiang Province, China, 2011 - 2015
Authors: Li Fudong , He Fan , Sun Jimin , Zhai Yujia , Jiang Jianmin , Lin Junfen 
Published: February 2019

Introduction: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease first discovered in northeast and central China in 2009, and SFTS cases increased year by year in China. This study aimed to identify the spatial and temporal clusters of SFTS in Zhejiang Province, China.
Methodology: We analyzed the surveillance data of SFTS in Zhejiang Province during 2011 - 2015. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the general characteristics and overall trend of SFTS. Circular statistic method was utilized to identify the seasonality. Space–time scan analysis was performed to explore the high risk spatio-temporal clusters of SFTS cases at county level.
Results: A total of 194 confirmed SFTS cases were reported in Zhejiang Province during 2011 - 2015. We found a significant increase in overall time trend since 2011. The seasonality was statistically significant (P < 0.001), with a mean date (95% CI) of 21st June (12th ~ 30th in June). Totally 21 (23%) counties reported the occurrence of SFTS, which gradually spread throughout Zhejiang. Three spatio-temporal clusters were detected, with one principle cluster (Daishan County, RR 234.48, June 2013 - November 2015) and two secondary clusters (6 counties, RR 30.73, April - October in 2015; Anji County, RR 373.26, May 2014).
Conclusions: Our results suggested that SFTS has increased and spatially expanded over the past years, with a remarkable seasonality. Three spatio-temporal clusters were identified. These findings are important for the improvement of SFTS surveillance and control strategies.
Knowledge, attitude, behaviour of the future healthcare professionals towards the self-medication practice with antibiotics
Authors: Benameur Tarek , Al-Bohassan Hassan , Al-Aithan Abdullah , Al-Beladi Abdullah , Al-Ali Hassan , Al-Omran Hassan , Saidi Neji 
Published: February 2019

Introduction: Self-medication with antibiotics (SMA) is a major health problem in the developing world including the kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). This practice remains an emerging challenge for the healthcare providers. A few previous studies have estimated the prevalence of SMA among the general population of KSA, but there had been no such studies on healthcare students.
We aimed to estimate the prevalence of SMA among medical, non-medical students and to evaluate its determinants.
Methodology: A survey-based cross-sectional study using validated questionnaire was conducted amongst students at King Faisal University in KSA. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were applied to identify the determinants of SMA.
Results: The prevalence of SMA was 58.4% with significantly lower proportion among medical students. Tonsillitis was the most common symptom for which SMA was used and was reported by a significantly higher proportion of medical (54.1%) students. Despite, the awareness of medical students about SMA is unsafe and mal-practice (79.9%), the prevalence of SMA practice remains high. Logistic regression analysis showed that students who incorrectly, identified the effectiveness of antibiotics in treating bacterial infections, the reasons of the antibiotics discontinuation had a higher likelihood to SMA. (OR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.52-4.503, P = 0.001), (OR = 1.575, 95% CI: 0.923-2.686, P = 0.09), respectively.
Conclusions: SMA remains noticeably high among the medical students. To overcome this problem, we highly recommend improving the health education to better address this malpractice and improve the students’ knowledge, attitudes and awareness towards the antibiotics use and prescription pattern.
Autour du « rouge végétal » : entrepreneurs, marché des cosmétiques et institutions savantes à la fin du xviii e siècle
Authors: Lanoë Catherine 
Published: February 2019

Dans la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle, le fard rouge d’origine végétale s’impose comme le produit emblématique d’une cosmétique renouvelée. Sa consommation est croissante et sa confection désormais proscrit l’usage des substances minérales et métalliques, identifiées comme toxiques. Plusieurs inventeurs portent le débat devant l’Académie Royale des Sciences dans les années 1770, puis devant la Société royale de médecine dans les années 1780. Leurs démarches et leurs démêlés devant les institutions savantes, leurs stratégies commerciales et publicitaires, les interventions des plus grands chimistes du temps, reconstituées en croisant les archives de différents fonds, permettent de mettre en évidence les caractéristiques de leur démarche inventive, mais surtout de souligner de véritables savoir-faire d’entrepreneurs, capables à la fois de mobiliser les ressources institutionnelles à leur disposition, de construire un discours capable de séduire le public et de profiter des possibilités offertes par le marché. Classification JEL : N00, N84, O14, O13
Entrechoquements axiologiques et sentiment de « frustration relative » : l’expression publique de la colère anti-médias des partisans de Donald J. Trump pendant la campagne présidentielle de 2016
Authors: Mort Sébastien 
Published: February 2019

Depuis les campagnes présidentielles de 2016, l’hostilité envers les médias d’information grand public s’est très nettement intensifiée. Aiguillonnés par leur candidat, les partisans de Trump expriment publiquement leur colère envers les journalistes de ces médias, notamment en marge des rassemblements publics du candidat. En mobilisant les travaux sur le lien entre statut social et expression publique de la colère, la présente étude suggère que, dans le cas des partisans de Trump, l’impression de « frustration relative » (relative deprivation) par rapport à d’autres groupes sociaux préside à l’expression publique de la colère. L’influence des médias d’information sur la façon dont les soutiens de Trump évaluent leur « statut social subjectif » s’explique par les entrechoquements axiologiques entre ces derniers et les journalistes.
Performances contrastées du développement des énergies renouvelables dans les régions françaises
Authors: Abdesselam Rafik , Renou-Maissant Patricia , Roussafi Ferdaous 
Published: February 2019

La transition énergétique vers des énergies bas-carbone est aujourd’hui un paradigme dominant des politiques publiques liées à l’énergie. L’objectif de cet article est de proposer un état des lieux de la transition énergétique en France et plus précisément d’évaluer les performances des régions en matière de diversification du bouquet énergétique. Des méthodes d’analyse de données multidimensionnelles ont été employées. Une typologie des régions françaises caractéristique du développement régional des énergies renouvelables ( Enr ) en France en 2015 est proposée, elle met en évidence l’émergence de cinq profils types de développement des Enr très contrastés selon les filières d’ Enr . Un large éventail de variables dites « thématiques », constituées de variables environnementales, économiques, démographiques, géographiques, climatiques et politiques permet d’enrichir la caractérisation des classes de régions. Classification JEL : C38, P18, P25, Q48, R11
The (latent) engine of cities
Authors: Salvati Luca 
Published: February 2019

L'étude des processus de changement dans les structures spatiales régionales est un problème pertinent dans l'identification de modèles urbains mono-centriques, polycentriques et dispersés. Cet article propose un cadre empirique qui se réfère à la théorie du système complexe et basé sur une analyse diachronique de la structure spatiale des parcelles construites dans le but d'évaluer les transformations métropolitaines. Une approche relationnelle basée sur 13 métriques (zone et forme de parcelle, zone de parcelle la plus proche et forme, élévation, distances des centres urbains, infrastructures routières et littoral de la mer) a été développée pour étudier la direction et l'intensité de la relation spatiale entre les attributs des parcelles individuelles. L'objectif final est d'évaluer le niveau de monocentrisme ou de polycentrisme des régions métropolitaines dans différents contextes socio-économiques. La méthodologie proposée a été appliquée à l'analyse de l'expansion à long terme (1948-2012) de la région métropolitaine d'Athènes (Grèce), considérée comme un exemple représentatif du passage de la compacité urbaine à la dispersion. Les structures simplifiées monocentriques observées en 1948 et 1975 ont été caractérisées par une dichotomie persistante entre les villes centrales et les districts périphériques. Depuis le début des années 1990, le passage d'une organisation spatiale mono-centrée à des structures plus dispersées a déterminé une augmentation rapide de l'entropie morphologique et de la dimension fractale des parcelles construites, avec une diminution de l'importance de la distance aux villes centrales comme facteur qui influence l'expansion des zones urbaines. Notre approche intègre l'analyse socio-économique dans une perspective d'écologie du paysage et contribue à comprendre les relations entre le développement local et les changements dans la configuration spatiale des régions métropolitaines, fournissant une base opérationnelle pour la classification supervisée des modèles et des processus d'expansion urbaine. Classification JEL : Q01, Q24, R14, R23
O Dispositivo Clínica da Urgência na Atenção Hospitalar: Sofrimento, Escuta e Sujeito
Authors: Costa Maico Fernando , Costa-Rosa Abílio Da 
Published: February 2019

O objetivo do presente artigo é considerar os aspectos psíquicos do sofrimento do sujeito que chega ao estabelecimento hospitalar relatando ou apresentando tipos de lesão física no corpo. Essa perspectiva passa pela definição de clínica da urgência no campo da atenção à saúde hospitalar. Para tanto, apresentamos aos psicólogos e trabalhadores, inseridos nos estabelecimentos hospitalares e que possuem interesse na escuta ao sujeito do sofrimento, um posicionamento num horizonte técnico-teórico e ético-político pautado na orientação da Psicanálise de Freud e Lacan. No hospital, as concepções de doença, tratamento e diagnóstico são consideradas, a priori, por uma equipe de médicos e enfermeiros, como um fator biológico do humano. No discurso médico, o sujeito se torna objeto e passivo a sua condição de “doente”. Respaldados pelas noções de sujeito e subjetividade, o psicólogo, precavido pela Psicanálise, aposta e apreende, mediante a experiência em uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento, a possibilidade, nesse contexto, de uma direção de tratamento não excludente ao sujeito do inconsciente. De maneira que, o sujeito, ao falar de sua história, daquilo que mais o angustia e o assusta, ao perceber a saúde abalada por um acidente, pode se reposicionar diante da “doença”.
Chemical characterisation of water-soluble ions in atmospheric particulate matter on the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Farren Naomi J. , Dunmore Rachel E. , Mead Mohammed Iqbal , Mohd Nadzir Mohd Shahrul , Samah Azizan Abu , Phang Siew-Moi , Bandy Brian J. , Sturges William T. , Hamilton Jacqueline F. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Air quality on the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia is influenced by local
anthropogenic and biogenic emissions as well as marine air masses from the
South China Sea and aged emissions transported from highly polluted East
Asian regions during the winter monsoon season. An atmospheric observation
tower has been constructed on this coastline at the Bachok Marine Research Station. Daily PM2.5 samples were collected from
the top of the observation tower over a 3-week period, and ion chromatography
was used to make time-resolved measurements of major atmospheric ions present
in aerosol. SO42- was found to be the most dominant ion present
and on average made up 66 % of the total ion content. Predictions of
aerosol pH were made using the ISORROPIA II
thermodynamic model, and it was estimated that the aerosol was highly acidic,
with pH values ranging from −0.97 to 1.12. A clear difference in aerosol
composition was found between continental air masses originating from
industrialised regions of East Asia and marine air masses predominantly
influenced by the South China Sea. For example, elevated SO42-
concentrations and increased Cl− depletion were observed when
continental air masses that had passed over highly industrialised regions of
East Asia arrived at the measurement site. Correlation analyses of the ionic
species and assessment of ratios between different ions provided an insight
into common sources and formation pathways of key atmospheric ions, such as
SO42-, NH4+ and C2O42-. To our
knowledge, time-resolved measurements of water-soluble ions in PM2.5 are
virtually non-existent in rural locations on the east coast of Peninsular
Malaysia. Overall this dataset contributes towards a better understanding of
atmospheric composition in the Maritime Continent, a region of the tropics
that is vulnerable to the effects of poor air quality, largely as a result of
rapid industrialisation in East Asia.
Limitations of the 1 % experiment as the benchmark idealized experiment for carbon cycle intercomparison in C4MIP
Authors: MacDougall Andrew Hugh 
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Idealized climate change simulations are used as benchmark experiments to facilitate the
comparison of ensembles of climate models. In the fifth phase of the Coupled Model
Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), the 1 % per yearly compounded change in atmospheric
CO2 concentration experiment was used to compare Earth system models with full
representations of the global carbon cycle in the Coupled Climate–Carbon Cycle Model
Intercomparison Project (C4MIP). However, this “1 % experiment” was never
intended for such a purpose and implies a rise in atmospheric CO2 concentration
at double the rate of the instrumental record. Here, we examine this choice by using an
intermediate complexity climate model to compare the 1 % experiment to an idealized
CO2 pathway derived from a logistic function. The comparison shows three key
differences in model output when forcing the model with the logistic experiment. (1) The
model forced with the logistic experiment exhibits a transition of the land biosphere
from a carbon sink to a carbon source, a feature absent when forcing the model with the
1 % experiment. (2) The ocean uptake of carbon comes to dominate the carbon cycle as
emissions decline, a feature that cannot be captured when forcing a model with the
1 % experiment, as emissions always increase in that experiment. (3) The permafrost
carbon feedback to climate change under the 1 % experiment forcing is less than half
the strength of the feedback seen under logistic experiment forcing. Using the logistic
experiment also allows smooth transition to zero or negative emissions states, allowing
these states to be examined without sharp discontinuities in CO2 emissions. The
protocol for the CMIP6 iteration of C4MIP again sets the 1 % experiment as the
benchmark experiment for model intercomparison; however, clever use of the Tier 2
experiments may alleviate some of the limitations outlined here. Given the limitations of
the 1 % experiment as the benchmark experiment for carbon cycle intercomparisons,
adding a logistic or similar idealized experiment to the protocol of the CMIP7 iteration
of C4MIP is recommended.
Book Review: Understanding Families over Time: Research and Policy
Authors: Zimmer Richard 
Published: February 2019

This book comprises a series of essays reviewing family relationships in the UK. The focus is on how parents, grandparents, and children connect. The essays address the ways in which external factors, such as economics and politics, affect these relationships. The essays specifically feature the ways in which women and men are particularly affected by being parents or grandparents. The editors and key authors suggest that family ties do not suggest a generational divide. Rather, they suggest that people do as much as possible to help each other through challenges. The essays are geared towards larger social understandings and towards the formulation of social policy. Lastly, they are useful for cross-cultural comparison.
EFFECT OF IONIC LIQUID MODIFIED MWCNT ON THE RHEOLOGICAL AND MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENTS IN STYRENE BUTADIENE RUBBER NANOCOMPOSITES
Authors: Abraham Jiji , Zachariah Ajesh K. , Wilson Runcy , Ibarra-Gómez Rigoberto , Muller Rene , George Soney C. , Kalarikkal Nandakumar , Thomas Sabu 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT
Ionic liquid modified multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) based styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) nanocomposites were prepared with the two-roll mill mixing method, and the rheological measurements were used to study the dispersion of MWCNTs on a microscopic scale and its compatibility with the SBR matrix. Viscous liquid-like rheological behavior at low MWCNT loadings and pseudo-solid-like rheological response at high MWCNT loadings were observed, showing the gradual transformation from individual structures of MWCNTs to polymer bridged MWCNT networks. A decrease in the mobility of SBR macromolecular chains by the geometric confinement of three-dimensional networks of MWCNTs further confirms the interdeveloped pseudo-solid behavior of filled composites. Dynamic viscoelasticity data have been compared with the theoretical Carreau–Yasuda equation. Transmission electron microscopy of the samples reveals that MWCNTs are randomly dispersed in the rubber matrix. Finally the nature of the filler association and its role in the nonlinear viscoelastic properties at large strain amplitudes were investigated.
Pentecostalism, Witchcraft, and Islamic Spiritologies in Central Tanzania
Authors: Lindhardt Martin 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This article explores how notions of spiritual warfare among Pentecostals/charismatics in south-central Tanzania are entangled with popular Islamic spiritologies from the coastal areas, especially Islamic spirits known as majini. Majini have become incorporated into contemporary shared understandings of witchcraft and traditional healing, contributing to a perceived modernization of witchcraft.
Islamic Law, Colonialism, and Mecca's Shadow in the Horn of Africa
Authors: Massoud Mark Fathi 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Drawing on the case of British Somaliland (circa 1884&#x96;1960), this article argues that Islam&#x97;and competing views of Islamic law in politics&#x97;occupied a critical role during the region's colonial period. In particular, British colonial administrators and Muslim clerics both turned eastward to the Arabian Peninsula for inspiration and justification for their critiques of one another.
Intersectional Islamophobia: The Case of a Black Ahmadi Muslim Celebrity
Authors: Petersen Kristian 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This essay explores &#x93;Islamophobia&#x94; through actor Mahershala Ali. I focus on Ali's 2017 awards and their audience reception, especially in Pakistan. Ali frames an analysis of the mediation of Black American Ahmadi Muslim identity within national conditions of anti-Muslim animus, the illegibility of Black Muslimness, and global debates about Muslim &#x93;orthodoxy.&#x94;
Resisting Islamophobia via [Redacted] Prayers in the Handwritten Autobiographies of ʿUmar ibn Sayyid and Mohamedou Ould Slahi
Authors: McHeimech Zeinab 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The current political climate in the United States lends fresh urgency to the task of remembering the history of enslaved Africans in the Americas, a history that has become vital for understanding today's Islamophobia. To begin this task, this article examines the invocation of the African Muslim slave in Mohamedou Ould Slahi's memoir, Guantánamo Diary, alongside ʿUmar ibn Sayyid's slave autobiography, and expands readings of Islamic prayer in carceral spaces.
How to agree with a QNP
Authors: Driemel Imke , Stojković Jelena 
Published: February 2019

This paper focuses on the great variety of φ-agreement patterns and case alternations quantified noun phrases trigger in Serbo-Croatian. Novel data from Serbo-Croatian are contributed, showing more agreement patterns than so far attested. Crucial for the analysis is an observation that draws a parallel between the agreement patterns of quantified noun phrases and conjoined noun phrases. We will show that the data can best be described by a strictly derivational agreement system based on rule ordering (Müller 2009; Murphy &amp;Puškar 2018) and operating in narrow syntax. Existing case-based approaches (Pesetsky 1982; Franks 1994; Bošković 2003; 2006) and INDEX-CONCORD based feature systems (Wechsler &amp; Zlatić 2000; 2003; Danon 2013) fail to account for agreement alternations in pre- and post-verbal position as well as in NP-topicalisation configurations.
Financial investment risks in parmaceutical industry: analysis on fluctuation of stock price
Authors: Liang Wei , Ge Hongxiang 
Published: February 2019

With the constant development of market economy, medical industry is developing rapidly, and many listed pharmaceutical companies have emerged. Stock price is an important standard for measuring the industrial development condition, and its influence factors are concerned by investors and issuing enterprises all the time. In this study, the factors affecting stock price were investigated taking the stock price of listed pharmaceutical companies in Shanghai in 2016 as the research samples and using correlation analysis and regression analysis. Variables such as earnings per share, drug price policies and quick ratio were introduced for correlation analysis. The research results suggested that the influence of earnings per share on stock price was the largest; the higher the earnings per share, the higher stock price; interest rate could also affect the fluctuation of stock price. This works aims to offer an evidence for investors who are subject to invest listed pharmaceutical companies.
Supervision and legal control of illegal marketing in medical and health care enterprises
Authors: Sun Qiong , Tan Zhiyong , Liu Zheng , Qin Guanying 
Published: February 2019

Enterprise as a for-profit economic organization aim at profits anytime. Sale is an indispensable step in capital appreciation, and management at the level of transaction cycle is paid attention to. Under the background of the increasingly fierce competition in the pharmaceutical industry, a large number of problems have emerged in the circulation of medicine. Therefore, the supervision and legal control of illegal marketing of medical and health care enterprises has become the most important. In this paper, the problems of sales and collection in the illegal marketing of medical and health care enterprises were analyzed, relevant laws were introduced, the improvement method for internal control of sales and collection cycle was put forward, and some suggestions were proposed for the transactions in the process of marketing of medical and health care products. This work provides a reference for the standardization of marketing means of medical and health care enterprises.