bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in Blood Pressure Control among US Adults With Hypertension, 2013–2014 to 2021–2023
Authors: Hardy Shakia T , Jaeger Byron C , Foti Kathryn , Ghazi Lama , Wozniak Gregory , Muntner Paul 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Prior studies have reported a decrease in the proportion of US adults with hypertension who had controlled blood pressure (BP).

METHODS
We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n = 25,128, ≥18 years of age) to determine changes in BP control from 2013–2014 to 2021–2023. Hypertension was defined as systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg, diastolic BP ≥90 mm Hg, or antihypertensive medication use. BP control was defined as systolic BP &lt;140 mm Hg and diastolic BP &lt;90 mm Hg.

RESULTS
The age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension (95% CI) was 32.8% (31.2%–34.4%) in 2013–2014 and 32.0% (30.1%–33.9%) in 2021–2023. Among US adults with hypertension, the age-adjusted proportion (95% CI) with controlled BP was 54.1% (49.1%–59.2%), 48.6% (44.5%–52.7%), and 48.3% (45.8%–50.8%) in 2013–2014, 2015–2016, and 2017–2020, respectively, (P-trend = 0.058), and 51.1% (47.9%–54.3%) in 2021–2023 (P-value = 0.184 comparing 2021–2023 vs. 2017–2020). The proportion (95% CI) of US adults taking antihypertensive medication with controlled BP was 72.0% (68.5%–75.5%), 66.7% (62.9%–70.5%), and 67.8% (65.3%–70.3%) in 2013–2014, 2015–2016, and 2017–2020, respectively, (P-trend = 0.085), and 68.3% (64.8%–71.9%) in 2021–2023 (P-value = 0.654 comparing 2021–2023 vs. 2017–2020). Among non-Hispanic Black adults, BP control increased from 37.4% (95% CI 33.6%–41.1%) to 49.6% (95% CI 42.3%–56.9%) between 2017–2020 and 2021–2023 for those with hypertension (P-value = 0.005), and from 52.6% (95% CI 47.4%–57.8%) to 62.6% (95% CI 55.6%–69.7%) for those taking antihypertensive medication (P-value = 0.033). There was no difference in BP control across race/ethnicity groups in 2021–2023.

CONCLUSIONS
The decline in BP control from 2013–2014 to 2017–2020 did not continue through 2021–2023. An increase in BP control occurred from 2017–2020 and 2021–2023 among non-Hispanic Black adults.
Predicting disease-associated microbes based on similarity fusion and deep learning
Authors: Chen Hailin , Chen Kuan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Increasing studies have revealed the critical roles of human microbiome in a wide variety of disorders. Identification of disease-associated microbes might improve our knowledge and understanding of disease pathogenesis and treatment. Computational prediction of microbe-disease associations would provide helpful guidance for further biomedical screening, which has received lots of research interest in bioinformatics. In this study, a deep learning-based computational approach entitled SGJMDA is presented for predicting microbe-disease associations. Specifically, SGJMDA first fuses multiple similarities of microbes and diseases using a nonlinear strategy, and extracts feature information from homogeneous networks composed of the fused similarities via a graph convolution network. Second, a heterogeneous microbe-disease network is built to further capture the structural information of microbes and diseases by employing multi-neighborhood graph convolution network and jumping knowledge network. Finally, potential microbe-disease associations are inferred through computing the linear correlation coefficients of their embeddings. Results from cross-validation experiments show that SGJMDA outperforms 6 state-of-the-art computational methods. Furthermore, we carry out case studies on three important diseases using SGJMDA, in which 19, 20, and 11 predictions out of their top 20 results are successfully checked by the latest databases, respectively. The excellent performance of SGJMDA suggests that it could be a valuable and promising tool for inferring disease-associated microbes.
School Social Worker Perspectives on Faculty Performance Evaluations
Authors: Horton Karla B , Herrera Sarah E 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The National Evaluation Framework for School Social Work Practice is an evaluation tool developed over a decade ago to provide clarity and guidance on how to evaluate the roles and duties of school social workers (SSWers). As SSWers have varying roles and responsibilities in different school ecosystems, the need to use a valid and reliable measurement is important as performance evaluations can influence the fidelity of prevention and intervention methods, needed duties at Tiers 1–3, compensation, and job stability. The participants completed an online survey with open-ended items and Likert scale items. The results revealed four themes: (1) the differing roles of SSWers at all levels of the school ecosystem, (2) unclear performance expectations, (3) support and well-being and work-related stress, and (4) resources needed for work performance. This article also provides implications for future practice and research on training, the implementation of the National Evaluation Framework School Social Work Practice, and leadership in the school ecosystem and school district.
Xanthomonas protegens sp. nov., a novel rice seed-associated bacterium, provides in vivo protection against X. oryzae pv. oryzae, the bacterial leaf blight pathogen
Authors: Rana Rekha , Sharma Anushika , Madhavan Vishnu Narayanan , Korpole Suresh , Sonti Ramesh V , Patel Hitendra K , Patil Prabhu B 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Historically, Xanthomonas species are primarily known for their pathogenicity against plants, but recently, there have been more findings of non-pathogenic xanthomonads. In the present study, we report isolates from healthy rice seeds that belong to a new species, Xanthomonas protegens, a protector of the rice plants against a serious pathogenic counterpart, i.e. X. oryzae pv. oryzae upon leaf clip co-inoculation. The new member species is non-pathogenic to rice and lacks a type III secretion system. The pangenome investigation revealed a large number of unique genes, including a novel lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic gene cluster, that might be important in its adaptation. The phylo-taxonogenomic analysis revealed that X. protegens is a taxonomic outlier species of X. sontii, a core, vertically transmitted rice seed endophyte with numerous probiotic properties. Interestingly, X. sontii is also reported as a keystone species of healthy rice seed microbiome. The findings and resources will help in the development of unique gene markers and evolutionary studies of X. sontii as a successful symbiont and X. oryzae as a serious pathogen. Here, we propose X. protegens sp. nov. as a novel species of the genus Xanthomonas with PPL118 = MTCC 13396 = CFBP 9164 = ICMP 25181 as the type strain. PPL117, PPL124, PPL125, and PPL126 are other strains of the species.
Usability Testing of the PACE-App to Support Family Caregivers in Managing Pain for People With Dementia
Authors: Chi Nai-Ching , Nguyen Kristy , Shanahan Angela , Demir Ibrahim , Fu Ying-Kai , Chi Chih-Lin , Perkhounkova Yelena , Hein Maria , Buckwalter Kathleen , Wolf Michael , Williams Kristine , Herr Keela 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Pain management is often suboptimal in individuals with dementia, and their family caregivers are tasked with supporting pain management despite limited preparation. The web-based PACE-app (PAin Control Enhancement) was designed to assist caregivers in managing pain for individuals with dementia. This study aimed to evaluate the usability of the PACE-app.

Research Design and Methods
A convergent parallel mixed-methods design was used to evaluate the PACE-app’s usability with 16 family caregivers and 6 healthcare professionals. Quantitative data were collected using the Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire (PSSUQ), and qualitative data were gathered through guided-app reviews and semistructured interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively, and qualitative data were thematically coded.

Results
The PSSUQ results indicated that both family caregivers and healthcare professionals had a highly positive experience with the PACE-app: overall scores (2.01 vs 1.68), system usefulness (1.76 vs 1.68), information quality (1.98 vs 1.80), interface quality (2.30 vs 1.60), and satisfaction (2.00 vs 1.60) were rated on a 1–7 scale (with lower scores indicating better usability). Qualitative findings supported these results, with participants endorsing the PACE-app’s usefulness, ease of use, learnability, effective information presentation, aesthetics, clear layout, and overall satisfaction. Participants also provided valuable feedback for improving information quality (enhancing clarity) and interface quality (real-time coaching on pain management).

Discussion and Implications
The study demonstrated favorable usability and strong satisfaction among family caregivers and healthcare professionals using the PACE-app. Incorporating participants’ suggestions will guide enhancements to the app’s information and interface, ensuring it better meets users’ needs.
“Voiceless”: the procedural gap in algorithmic justice
Authors: Kinchin Niamh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Conversations about algorithms and fairness can overlook the bifurcation of justice. Whilst distributive justice is integral to accountability for algorithmic bias and related harms, without procedural justice and ‘voice’, defined as consent, transparency, and a right to be heard, algorithmic decisions will fail to find legitimacy and acceptance. Fairness metrics respond better to distributive justice because algorithmic bias is primarily framed in such terms. The potential of AI Ethics Guidelines and formal regulation to address voice is compromised by ambiguous concepts of fairness, rigidity, and competing market demands. The scope of a right to a fair trial limits the potential of human rights impact assessments to address procedural rights. Jurisdictional issues of reviewability, interpretation, and applicability challenge judicial review. In examining the capacity of these accountability mechanisms to ensure ‘voice’, a ‘procedural gap’ emerges in algorithmic decision-making.
Isotonic subgroup selection
Authors: Müller Manuel M , Reeve Henry W J , Cannings Timothy I , Samworth Richard J 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Given a sample of covariate–response pairs, we consider the subgroup selection problem of identifying a subset of the covariate domain where the regression function exceeds a predetermined threshold. We introduce a computationally feasible approach for subgroup selection in the context of multivariate isotonic regression based on martingale tests and multiple testing procedures for logically structured hypotheses. Our proposed procedure satisfies a non-asymptotic, uniform Type I error rate guarantee with power that attains the minimax optimal rate up to poly-logarithmic factors. Extensions cover classification, isotonic quantile regression, and heterogeneous treatment effect settings. Numerical studies on both simulated and real data confirm the practical effectiveness of our proposal, which is implemented in the R package ISS.
Masculinity contest cultures and organizational outcomes in police organizations
Authors: Buhrig Ryan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
As a male-dominated occupation that has historically valued strength, risk-taking, and control, policing may be particularly susceptible to masculinity contest cultures (MCC), characterized by social norms that valorize physical ability, avoid weakness, prioritize work, and promote dominance. Through surveys of patrol officers from five Canadian police agencies (n = 238), this study explored the existence of MCCs and their relationship with organizational outcomes. The study suggested that an officer’s perception of their work within an MCC can predict job engagement (b = −0.48, P &lt; .001), work meaning (b = −0.35, P &lt; .001), self-reported performance (b = −0.07, P &lt; .001), and turnover intention (b = 0.07, P &lt; .001) when controlling for gender, supervisory status, years of police service, and university education. Additionally, university degrees were a significant positive predictor of MCC scores (b = 2.40, P &lt; .01), indicating that university-educated police officers perceive their workplace cultures as more masculine. As the first study that related MCCs to university education, job engagement, and work meaning in policing, it advances our understanding and provides insights into how these cultures relate to organizational outcomes. The results also have implications for policy and police administration.
Auctioning Long-Term Projects under Financial Constraints
Authors: Arve M , Martimort D 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We consider a procurement auction for the provision of a basic service to which an add-on must later be appended. Potential providers are symmetric, have private information on their cost for the basic service and the winning firm must also implement the add-on. To finance value-enhancing activities related to the add-on, this firm may need extra funding by outside financiers. Nonverifiable effort related to these activities creates a moral hazard problem which makes the firm’s payoff function for the second period concave in returns over the relevant range. Concavity has two effects. First, it makes it more attractive to backload payments to facilitate information revelation. Second, uncertainty on the cost of the add-on introduces a background risk which requires a risk premium. In this context, we characterize the optimal intertemporal structure of payments to the winning firm, equilibrium bidding behaviour and reserve prices for a first-price auction.
Adaptation and innovation in darter fish cranial musculature (Etheostomatinae: Percidae): insights from diceCT
Authors: Arbour J H , Ramazan S , Clark S 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Fish skulls are often highly kinetic, with multiple linkage and lever systems powered by a diverse suite of muscles. Comparative analysis of the evolution of soft-tissue structures in the fish skull is often limited under traditional approaches, while new imaging techniques like diceCT (diffusible iodine-based contrast-enhanced computed tomography) allow for high-resolution imaging of muscles in situ. Darters (Percidae: Etheostomatinae) are a diminutive and species-rich clade of lotic freshwater fishes, which show diverse head shapes believed to be associated with different foraging strategies. We used diceCT to sample all major cranial adductors and abductors responsible for movement of the jaw, hyoid, operculum, and suspensorium from 29 species. We applied comparative phylogenetic approaches to analyse the evolutionary trends in muscle size across the clade. We found two major patterns: (i) darter cranial muscles show fundamental trade-offs relating to investment in musculature, as well as buccal expansion vs. biting attributes; early divergence in muscle size appears to be associated with shifts in habitat use and foraging; (ii) darter adductor mandibulae show high variation in architecture (fibre orientation, divisions). This study highlights how new imaging techniques can provide novel insights into the anatomy of even well-sampled/represented clades.
Evaluation of a Faculty-Led Clinical Model to Meet Pediatric Preventive Care Competencies Through a Pediatric Mobile Clinic
Authors: Quinones Saribel G. , Foronda Cynthia L. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Limited pediatric primary care clinical placement sites and preceptors have made it difficult for family nurse practitioner (FNP) students to meet pediatric preventive clinical competencies. The purpose of this project was to evaluate a faculty-led clinical model to meet pediatric preventive care competencies through a pediatric mobile clinic. A pre-post evaluation design was used to evaluate student perceptions of their achievement of competencies. Students demonstrated improvement in all seven competencies. A faculty-led clinical model through a pediatric mobile clinic may be an effective way to improve pediatric clinical competencies for FNP students.
Chest computed tomography-based artificial intelligence-aided latent class analysis for diagnosis of severe pneumonia
Authors: Chu Caiting , Guo Yiran , Lu Zhenghai , Gui Ting , Zhao Shuhui , Cui Xuee , Lu Siwei , Jiang Meijiao , Li Wenhua , Gao Chengjin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
There is little literature describing the artificial intelligence (AI)-aided diagnosis of severe pneumonia (SP) subphenotypes and the association of the subphenotypes with the ventilatory treatment efficacy. The aim of our study is to illustrate whether clinical and biological heterogeneity, such as ventilation and gas-exchange, exists among patients with SP using chest computed tomography (CT)-based AI-aided latent class analysis (LCA).

Methods:
This retrospective study included 413 patients hospitalized at Xinhua hospital diagnosed with SP from June 1, 2015 to May 30, 2020. AI quantification results of chest CT and their combination with additional clinical variables were used to develop LCA models in an SP population. The optimal subphenotypes were determined though evaluating statistical indicators of all the LCA models, and clinical implications of them such as guiding ventilation strategies were further explored by statistical methods.

Results:
The two-class LCA model based on AI quantification results of chest CT can describe the biological characteristics of the SP population well and hence yielded the two clinical subphenotypes. Patients with subphenotype-1 had milder infections (P <0.001) than patients with subphenotype-2 and had lower 30-day (P <0.001) and 90-day (P <0.001) mortality, and lower in-hospital (P = 0.001) and 2-year (P <0.001) mortality. Patients with subphenotype-1 showed a better match between the percentage of non-infected lung volume (used to quantify ventilation) and oxygen saturation (used to reflect gas exchange), compared with patients with subphenotype-2. There were significant differences in the matching degree of lung ventilation and gas exchange between the two subphenotypes (P <0.001). Compared with patients with subphenotype-2, those with subphenotype-1 showed a relatively better match between CT-based AI metrics of the non-infected region and oxygenation, and their clinical outcomes were effectively improved after receiving invasive ventilation treatment.

Conclusions:
A two-class LCA model based on AI quantification results of chest CT in the SP population particularly revealed clinical heterogeneity of lung function. Identifying the degree of match between ventilation and gas-exchange may help guide decisions about assisted ventilation.
Growing burden of inflammatory bowel disease in China: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 and predictions to 2035
Authors: Yu Ziqing , Ruan Gechong , Bai Xiaoyin , Sun Yinghao , Yang Hong , Qian Jiaming 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) imposes a significant economic and social burden in China. We aim to assess the epidemiological trends of IBD in China, and to predict the burden in the near future.

Methods:
The incidence, mortality, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life year (DALYs) of IBD from 1990 to 2021 were obtained from Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Estimated annual percentage change (EAPC), average annual percent change, total percent change, and age-period-cohort model were used to access trends. Bayesian age–period–cohort model was utilized to predict the risk of incidence and mortality.

Results:
In 2021, IBD affected 168,077 people in China, with 24,941 new cases and 5640 deaths. The age-standardized rate (ASR) of incidence and death was 1.4 and 0.3, respectively. The incidence and prevalence in China were lower than the global and high socio-demographic index (SDI) regions, but the ASR of incidence and prevalence (EAPC: 2.93 and 2.54, respectively) had rapidly increased from 1990 to 2021. The ASR of death and DALYs had significantly decreased (EAPC: −3.05 and −2.93, respectively). Middle-aged and elderly populations faced a severe burden of incidence and prevalence, while the elderly population faced a severe mortality burden. It is projected that by 2035, the ASR of incidence will continue to rise, whereas the death rate will continue to decline.

Conclusions:
The burden of IBD in China is serious and increasingly severe. Establishing a comprehensive disease management system in China will help better control the medical burden of IBD.
Accuracy of intraocular lens power calculation in patients with endothelial dystrophy without edema
Authors: Shemer Asaf , Fradkin Maayan , Dubinsky-Pertzov Biana , Reitblat Olga , Simaan Francis , Sella Ruti , Pras Eran , Einan-Lifshitz Adi 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
To evaluate the accuracy of several intraocular lens (IOL) formulas for patients with endothelial dystrophy (ED) without edema treated with cataract surgery alone.

Setting:
1 academic, tertiary referral center.

Design:
Comparative retrospective cohort study.

Methods:
The predicted refractive results of patients with ED who underwent cataract surgery were assessed and compared with a matched control group. The accuracy of 5 different IOL formulas, Haigis, Holladay 1, Barrett Universal II (BUII), SRK/T, and Kane, was evaluated and compared between the groups. The SDs of the prediction error (PE) of all formulas were compared.

Results:
221 eyes were included in this study. 50 (23%) eyes of patients with ED and 171 (77%) control eyes. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in clinical and demographical characteristics (P > .05). The postoperative spherical equivalent was −0.37 diopters (D) in the ED group and −0.30 D in the control group (P = .8). Overall, both groups had a comparable SD of the PE and absolute PE in all formulas (P > .05). In the ED group, absolute PE was 0.34 D for Haigis, 0.32 D for Holladay 1, 0.32 D for BUII, 0.38 D for SRK/T, and 0.32 D for Kane formulas. No statistically significant difference between formulas was found.

Conclusions:
The prediction accuracy of IOL power calculation in patients with ED was found comparable both between formulas and in comparison with healthy controls. This suggests that in patients with guttate without edema, the IOL power calculations are as effective and accurate as in healthy eyes.
Acute kidney injury subphenotyping and personalized medicine
Authors: Meersch Melanie , Mayerhöfer Timo , Joannidis Michael 
Published: November 2024

Purpose of review
This review discusses novel concepts of acute kidney injury (AKI), including subphenotyping, which may facilitate the development of target treatment strategies for specific subgroups of patients to achieve precision medicine.

Recent findings
AKI is a multifaceted syndrome with a major impact on morbidity and mortality. As efforts to identify treatment strategies have largely failed, it is becoming increasingly apparent that there are different subphenotypes that require different treatment strategies. Various ways of subphenotyping AKI have been investigated, including the use of novel renal biomarkers, machine learning and artificial intelligence, some of which have already been implemented in the clinical setting. Thus, novel renal biomarkers have been recommended for inclusion in new definition criteria for AKI and for the use of biomarker bundled strategies for the prevention of AKI. Computational models have been explored and require future research.

Summary
Subphenotyping of AKI may provide a new understanding of this syndrome and guide targeted treatment strategies in order to improve patient outcomes.