bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gastroesophageal reflux disease and risk of incident lung cancer: A large prospective cohort study in UK Biobank
Authors: Liao Ye , Zhou Yunfeng , Zhou Xiaorui , Chen Jing , Chen Zhenhua , Liao Juan , Long Lu 
Published: November 2024

Background
Some pathogenic mechanisms suggest a potential relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and respiratory diseases. However, evidence regarding the association between GERD and lung cancer is mixed. We aim to explore this relationship based on data from the large-scale UK Biobank study.

Materials and methods
We performed a cross-sectional and prospective cohort study in 501,569 (45.58% male) individuals included in the UK Biobank at baseline (2006–2010). The Cox proportional hazards model and logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between GERD and lung cancer, small cell lung cancer (SCLC), lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Results
During a mean follow-up of 11.54 years, 3,863 (0.84%) incident lung cancer cases were identified. In the cross-sectional analysis using logistic models, significant associations were found between GERD and prevalent lung cancer cases (odds ratio [OR] = 1.87, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.45–2.38) and subtypes of lung cancer, with an OR (95% CI) of 3.19 (1.47–6.79) for SCLC, 2.08 (1.33–3.21) for LUSC, 1.85 (1.15–2.91) for LUAD. In the follow-up analysis using Cox models, GERD was associated with an increased risk of lung cancer (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.24, 95%CI: 1.14–1.34). Similar associations were also observed between GERD and SCLC (HR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.09–1.78), LUSC (HR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.18–1.65), and LUAD (HR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.02–1.33). The risk of lung cancer resulting from GERD was mainly elevated in former smokers (HR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.23–1.54) and current smokers (HR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.04–1.34), but not in never-smokers (HR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.70–1.14). No significant association was observed in former smokers who had quit smoking for at least 25 years.

Conclusions
We found that GERD was positively associated with an increased risk of lung cancer, especially among smokers. Awareness of this association may be beneficial for prevention and treatment strategies of both diseases.
RTA408 alleviates retinal ganglion cells damage in mouse glaucoma by inhibiting excessive autophagy
Authors: Qian Hongmei , Chen Wei , Yuan Guomei , Luo Man , Zhang Li , Wu Biao , Huang Hanshi , Xu Jiahao , Wang Qiong , Li Mengyun 
Published: November 2024

Background
Glaucoma, characterized by a high incidence and significant ocular harm, has been elucidated through various mechanisms. Excessive autophagy leading to the loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is suggested as one potential cause for visual impairment in glaucoma.

Methods
A glaucoma model was established through anterior chamber injection of silicone oil in mice. RTA408 and the positive control tafluprost were administered for intervention. The efficacy was preliminarily assessed by intraocular pressure measurement. HE staining and fluorescent staining were used to assess RGC loss, while fluorescent staining and western blot were employed to evaluate the expression of Nrf2. The role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of glaucoma was investigated by artificially modulating autophagy levels.

Results
In glaucomatous mice, RTA408 significantly reduces the apoptosis levels of RGCs and decreases RGC loss. Further investigations reveal a notable upregulation of autophagy levels in glaucomatous mice, with RGC loss being associated with autophagy. RTA408 promotes the expression of Nrf2 and downstream antioxidant molecules, enhancing the antioxidant system while downregulating mitochondrial autophagy levels. This reduces RGC apoptosis and loss, demonstrating a protective effect against glaucoma.

Conclusion
Autophagy mediates the occurrence of glaucoma in mice, promoting RGC apoptosis. RTA408 alleviates RGCs damage by inhibiting excessive autophagy in the context of glaucoma.
Aktivitas Pemacu Pertumbuhan Tanaman dari Bakteri Endofit Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L.)
Authors: Widowati Tiwit , Simarmata Rumella , Nurjanah Liseu , Nuriyanah Nuriyanah , Lekatompessy Sylvia J.R. 
Published: November 2024

Bakteri endofit adalah bakteri menguntungkan yang hidup di dalam tanaman dan dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman inang dan ketahanan terhadap cekaman. Rendahnya produktivitas tanaman bawang merah disebabkan penggunaan pupuk kimia dalam jangka waktu lama dan dosis berlebihan akan menurunkan kualitas tanah. Penggunan pupuk hayati berbasis mikroba diharapkan dapat meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman bawang dan memperbaiki kulitas tanah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh dan menentukan aktivitas bakteri endofit dari tanaman bawang merah sebagai pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman. Sampel tanaman bawang merah berumur 26 HST dan 45 HST diambil dari daerah Brebes, Jawa Tengah. Sebanyak 75 isolat diperoleh dari akar, bunga, daun dan umbi. Hasil karakterisasi diperoleh 2 isolat mempunyai tiga aktivitas penghasil hormon IAA, pelarut fosfat dan pemfiksasi nitrogen. Berdasarkan analisis molekuler, kedua isolat teridentifikasi sebagai Burkholderia sp. (BMD 2.4) dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa (BTBn 2.6).
Life Cycle Assesment pada Proses Distribusi BBM di PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Integrated Terminal Panjang
Authors: Alqindy Reza Ismail , Suherman Suherman , Soeprobowati Tri Retnaningsih , Sopian Yusep 
Published: November 2024

PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Integrated Terminal Panjang mendistribusikan BBM sebesar 2.243.016,58 kiloliter (KL) pada tahun 2022. Dari proses distribusi BBM berpotensi menimbulkan dampak lingkungan yaitu dampak pencemaran udara dimana proses distribusi BBM banyak memakai transportasi berbahan bakar fossil. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dampak lingkungan dari proses distribusi BBM PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Integrated Terminal Panjang menggunakan metode life cycle assesment (LCA) dengan ruang lingkup gate to gate dimulai dari proses penerimaan BBM hingga pendistibusian BBM. Metode penelitian ini mengacu pada SNI ISO 14040:2016 dan SNI ISO 14044:2017, analisis inventori, penilaian dampak, dan interpretasi. Penilaian dampak dilakukan menggunakan software SimaPro 9.5.0 dengan metode CMIL IA Baseline dengan unit fungsi adalah 1 KL BBM. Kategori dampak yang dikaji pada penelitian ini yaitu kategori dampak utama berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Nomor 1 Tahun 2021 tentang Program Penilaian Peringkat Kinerja Perusahaan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, yaitu potensi pemanasan global, potensi penipisan ozon, potensi hujan asam, dan potensi eutrofikasi. Dari masing – masing potensi dampak, terdapat dua isu penting (hotspot) yaitu dari proses distribusi dari penggunaan solar yang menghasilkan nilai karaterisasi potensi pemanasan global sebesar 6,77E+00 kg CO2 ek/KL, potensi penipisan ozon sebesar 1,30E-07 Kg CFC-11 ek/KL, dan potensi hujan asam sebesar 1,18E-02 Kg SO2 ek/KL. Untuk potensi eutrofikasi isu penting (hotspot) disebabkan oleh proses penyaluran dari penggunaan listrik dengan menghasilkan nilai dampak eutrofikasi sebesar 2,78E-03 Kg PO4 ek/KL. Rekomendasi perbaikan yang dapat diberikan adalah penggunaan transportasi ramah lingkungan dan melakukan gerakan hemat energi atau mengganti penggunaan listrik dari PLN dengan energi terbarukan seperti menggunakan panel surya.
Pemetaan Muka Air Tanah sebagai Rekomendasi Pengeboran Air Bersih Berdasarkan Data Geolistrik Sounding di Sekitar Embung Batur Agung, Karangmojo, Kabupaten Gunung Kidul
Authors: Bukit Boy Utama , Zakaria Muhammad Faizal , Kusumayudha Sari Bahagiarti , Rahatmawati Istiana , Setyaningrum Tuti 
Published: November 2024

Kekurangan akan sumber air bersih dapat mengakibatkan bencana berupa kekeringan yang tentunya menghambat aktivitas masyarakat seperti yang terjadi pada daerah Batur Agung kecamatan Karangmojo di kabupaten Gunung Kidul. Oleh sebab itu diperlukan studi pemetaan bawah permukaan dalam mengidentifikasi sebaran air tanah yang melimpah dengan kedalaman yang besar. Salah satu metode yang mampu mengidentifikasi kondisi geologi bawah tanah dengan baik adalah metode geolistrik VES (Vertical Electrical Sounding. Metode ini mengukur nilai beda potensial di permukaan yang diakibatkan oleh injeksi arus ke bawah permukaan dan sifat fisik batuan. Penelitian dilakukan selama 7 hari di sekitar embung Batur Agung, Karangmojo dengan luas kavling mencapai 700 meter x 700 meter menggunakan metode VES sebanyak 13 titik dengan jarak antar titik sejauh 100 meter – 150 meter. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data, teridentifikasi keberadaan potensi air tanah dengan nilai resistivitas yang rendah di bawah 11 Ohm.m yang terdeteksi pada 5 titik pengukuran. Kedalaman muka air tanah teridentifikasi pada kedalaman 19 sampai 85 meter dengan ketebalan 21 meter sampai 34 meter. Ditinjau dari segi kedalaman serta ketebalan lapisan pembawa air tanah, lokasi yang cocok untuk dilakukan pengeboran sebagai sumber air bersih berada pada titik BA-12 yang memiliki kedalaman 85 meter dengan ketebalan air tanah mencapai 28 meter.
Uninephrectomy and sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor administration delay the onset of hyperglycemia
Authors: Ishizaki Yuri Sakai , Kikuchi Masao , Kaikita Koichi , Fujimoto Shouichi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe kidneys are essential for glucose homeostasis, as they perform gluconeogenesis, utilize glucose, and reabsorb glucose. Reabsorption is performed by SGLT2, which is responsible for about 90%. However, little is known about how renal glucose handling is altered in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). SGLT2 inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy in suppressing CKD progression in clinical trials, but their mechanisms are not fully understood. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate how each uninephrectomy (UNx) and SGLT2 inhibitor affects blood glucose concentrations and SGLTs dynamics in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Male rats were divided into four treatment groups: sham + placebo, sham + dapagliflozin, UNx + placebo, and UNx + dapagliflozin. There were few group differences in food intake or body weight, but blood glucose concentrations continued to rise in the sham + placebo, whereas this rise was delayed for several weeks in the UNx + placebo, and largely suppressed by dapagliflozin. SGLT2 mRNA expression was significantly lower in the UNx group, but SGLT1 mRNA expression did not significantly differ. Dapagliflozin did not alter SGLT1 or SGLT2 mRNA expression. In animal models of diabetes, renal glucose reabsorption appears likely to be a major contributor to the development of hyperglycemia.
Deep learning based hybrid POD-LSTM framework for laminar natural convection flow in a rectangular enclosure
Authors: Ganguli Arijit A. , Tabib Mandar V. , Deshpande Sagar S. , Raval Mehul S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Laminar natural convection in side-heated enclosures is characterized by transient phenomena of the working fluid till it reaches steady state. The side heating can done in several ways the most common way being heating one end at constant temperature and cooling the other end. One of the other ways is heating both sides of the enclosure at a constant heat flux. Mathematical modeling of such problems using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) essentially involves considerable amount of computational time and power to predict the flow phenomena observed in actual experimentation. In the last few years, data driven model frameworks have proven to be anefficient way in saving both time and computational cost in several applications. In the present study, a data driven model framework using a combination of unsupervised machine learning (using Proper Orthogonal Decomposition [POD]) and supervised deep learning models (using Long Short Term Memory [LSTM]) has been developed and referred to as POD-LSTM framework. The selection of a few dominant spatial bases and accompanying temporal modes provides us with a reduced order model of the system. The flow is then reconstructed and compared with results of CFD simulations. The Rayleigh number (Ra) chosen for the study is 3.27 × 1010. The estimated time to reach stedy state for this Ra number is 15,000 s. The POD-LSTM framework is trained using data obtained from a validated CFD model for the first 1,000 s. The trained model was then tested to predict temporal dynamics for the entire 15,000 s. The predictions provided by POD-LSTM framework were found upto 98 % accurate compared to the ones predicted by CFD. The computational time and power was however an order of magnitude lower for the POD-LSTM framework than that required for the CFD model.
Status of the implementation of pharmacogenetics in clinical practice in Spain: from regional to national initiatives
Authors: Apellaniz-Ruiz Maria , Barrachina Jordi , Castro-Sanchez Paula , Comes-Raga Ana , García-González Xandra , Gil-Rodriguez Almudena , Lopez-Lopez Elixabet , Maroñas Olalla , Morón Rocío , Muriel Javier , Olivera Gladys G. , Riera Pau , Saiz-Rodríguez Miriam , Salvador-Martín Sara , Sans-Pola Carla , Tejera-Pérez Hugo , Velasco-Ruiz Alejandro , Verde Zoraida , Wang Daniel , Rodríguez-Vicente Ana E. , Nunez-Torres Rocio 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Pharmacogenetics (PGx) has the potential to improve patient care, allowing to transform medical interventions by providing personalized therapeutic strategies. Scientific evidence supports the use of PGx in clinical practice and international organizations are developing clinical guidelines to facilitate the utilization of PGx testing. However, clinical implementation of PGx is limited and unequal worldwide.

Content
This review summarizes regional and national Spanish initiatives to implement PGx in the clinical practice.

Summary and Outlook
Diverse strategies to implement PGx in healthcare are applied across countries or even in the different regions of a specific country. Such was the case of Spain, a European country with 17 Autonomous Regions and two Autonomous Cities, each one with capacity to manage their own healthcare systems. Nevertheless, during the past years, many initiatives and strategies have been launched in Spain to develop different aspects of PGx. Importantly, the National Healthcare System has approved a PGx testing catalogue. This review highlights the crucial work and efforts of scientific societies (like the Spanish Society of Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics), of experts in PGx, of healthcare providers and of governmental parties in the implementation of PGx to personalize patient therapy, focused in Spain.
Electrospun nanofibers membranes of La(OH)3/PAN as a versatile adsorbent for fluoride remediation: Performance and mechanisms
Authors: Jian Shaoju , Wu Jinlong , Ran Li , Yang Weisen , Duan Gaigai , Yang Haoqi , Shi Fengshuo , Chen Yuhuang , Hu Jiapeng , Jiang Shaohua 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Excessive existence of fluoride in water resources can lead to harmful impacts on ecosystems and organisms. Electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber membranes loaded with La(OH)3 nanorods composites (La(OH)3/PAN electrospun nanofiber membranes [ENFMs]) are fabricated and used as an efficient fluoride scavenger. Adsorbent fabricate protocols, pH, initial F− concentration, adsorbent dosage, and adsorption time, in addition to coexisting anions, were systematically evaluated. The investigation unveils that a pH of 3.0 is optimal for F− remediation. The adsorption kinetics and isotherm of La(OH)3/PAN ENFMs are well described by the pseudo-second-order model (R
2 > 0.997) with characteristics of chemisorption and Langmuir isotherm (R
2 > 0.999) with the feature of single-layer coverage. The existence of Cl−, SO4
2−, NO3
−, and CO3
2− does not significantly hinder fluoride removal by La(OH)3/PAN ENFMs with the exception of PO4
3−. Calculations of ΔH, ΔG, and ΔS reveal that the nature of F− adsorption onto La(OH)3/PAN ENFMs is endothermic and favorable at a higher temperature.
Extreme hydroclimatic events and response of vegetation in the eastern QTP since 10 ka
Authors: Ren Weihe , Liu Zijian , Li Quan , Yi Guitian , Qin Feng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Climate variations during the Holocene significantly impacted vegetation dynamics in the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). However, vegetation evolution in response to regional climatic trends and events during this interval remains controversial. Here, we present well-dated decadal-resolution loss on ignition (LOI) and grain size records from the Xing Co Lake on the eastern QTP. The records show an overall drying trend since 10 thousand years ago (ka), with multiple extreme precipitation events observed during 10 to 7 ka. An extreme drought event occurred at around 5.5 ka, after which the climate was drier and unstable with several drought events. In comparison with the hydroclimate, insolation, and El Niño Southern Oscillation records, our data show a close correspondence with the summer insolation differential between 30°N and 30°S and El Niño events on orbital-millennium timescales. This suggested that the increased rainfall during the early Holocene on the eastern QTP can be attributed to the high insolation differential between 30°N and 30°S and low El Niño events. Conversely, the drying trend in the late Holocene appears to correlate with a low insolation differential and high El Niño events. Whenever ice-rafted debris events occurred in the North Atlantic, there was a corresponding occurrence of drying events in the late Holocene in the Zoige Basin. This suggested that teleconnection between the precipitation on the eastern QTP and the North Atlantic climate exists in the Holocene. When compared to independent hydroclimatic and arboreal pollen (AP%) records on the eastern QTP, the evolutionary trends and events of AP% align closely with local hydroclimate changes. This suggested that arboreal coverage could rapidly respond to climate change during the Holocene, but further studies are needed.
Preparation of polyacylated anthocyanins of red radish and enhancing its stability and bioaccessibility through encapsulating within double-coated yeast glucan particles
Authors: Fan Xin , Wang Zhaodan , Wu Yingmei , Li Wenfeng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Although the anthocyanins of red radishes (ARR) rich in polyacylated pelargonidin glucosides are used as commercial food pigment, they are unstable. We found that the anthocyanin purity of the crude ARR extract can be rapidly increased by 5 times using D101 macroporous resin (mass ratio of extract:resin = 1:2.2). Capsule constructed by chitosan (CTS), pectin (PT) and yeast glucan particles (YGP) presented a high efficiency to encapsulate ARR. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis verified that polyacylated pelargonidin glucosides in ARR were packed into the capsule. Microstructure observation and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy further confirmed the encapsulated structure. Co-encapsulation of CTS, PT and YGP showed effective protection for ARR against heat, oxygen, ascorbic acid, and physiological pH. This encapsulation also significantly improved the gastric and intestinal bioaccessibilities of ARR. These results suggested that the triplex-coated YGPs might be a promising strategy to protect and deliver polyacylated anthocyanin.
Human dignity and patient’s interests above all: assisted dying in Switzerland and the UK
Authors: Zarea Rafif , Wagner Anne 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper delves into the complex issue of the right to die with dignity, focusing on assisted dying practices within the legal frameworks of Switzerland and the United Kingdom. It examines the emerging challenges and contradictions that this right presents, especially in relation to the fundamental right to life. Highlighting the nuanced interplay between self-determination and the sanctity of life, the study delineates the ethical, medical, and cultural hurdles associated with euthanasia and assisted suicide. It underscores the necessity for legal systems to remain flexible and adaptable, bridging the gap between static legal texts and dynamic real-world applications. This paper seeks to provide a comprehensive analysis of how both countries manage the delicate balance between protecting human dignity and navigating the ethical complexities of assisted dying.
Forschungen zum Verhältnis von Reichswehr und Technik
Authors: Werberg Dennis 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Forschungsbericht fasst den aktuellen Forschungsstand zur Technikgeschichte der Reichswehr zwischen 1919 und 1935 zusammen. Auf Grundlage moderner Ansätze aus der Technikgeschichte markiert er anschließend seit den 1970er Jahren bestehende Forschungslücken und eröffnet neue Perspektiven und Fragestellungen auf die Streitkräfte der Weimarer Republik. Insbesondere die Zugänge der neueren technikgeschichtlichen Forschung versprechen, spannende Erkenntnisse zur Reichswehr liefern zu können, die in den Geschichtswissenschaften wie in der Militärgeschichte bis heute eher stiefmütterlich behandelt wird.
Längere, kürzere oder keine Kontinuitäten?
Authors: Nagel Johannes 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Bisherige Forschung zu den militärhistorischen Nach- und Rückwirkungen des Kolonialismus hat große Fragen aufgeworfen, aber nicht beantworten können. Inwieweit etwa die Genese des Konzentrationslagers, die Gewaltentgrenzung der Weltkriege und die moderne Aufstandsbekämpfungsdoktrin in einer postkolonialen Kontinuität stehen, ist nach wie vor unklar. In allen drei Fällen sind Ähnlichkeiten umstritten und Kausalitäten kaum belegt. Gerade um die relative Überzeugungskraft »postkolonialer« Kontinuitätserklärungen zu überprüfen, bedarf es umfassenderer Forschung mittels »unkonventioneller« Vergleiche.
Military conflicts and the performance of state-owned enterprises: a study of Ukraine’s aerospace, defense, and electro-engineering industries before and after the 2014 Crimea and Donbas occupation
Authors: Blažek Jiří , Lypianin Anton 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study addresses the under-researched role of state-owned-enterprises (SOEs) in global value chains/production networks (GVCs/GPNs). It examines how the economic performance, foreign trade, and value capture of Ukrainian firms – classified by ownership, position in GVCs/GPNs, size, and diversification of their customer base – have evolved following the Russia’s occupation of Crimea and parts of Donbas in 2014. The study reveals significant differences in the distribution of SOEs, private, and foreign enterprises between the aerospace/defence and electro-engineering industries. Overall, since the Russian aggression in 2014, the aerospace and defence industries have outperformed electro-engineering firms, largely due to strong state support. The study concludes with broader observations that while even intensive mutual trade could not prevent the war, the war does not necessarily lead to a complete cessation of mutual trade.
Resistencia al mandato de la maternidad: discursos en torno a la no maternidad de mujeres de 25 a 45 años, de estratos medio y alto de Lima Metropolitana que decidieron no tener hijos
Authors: Altamirano Camacho Karol Josefina 
Published: November 2024

This article examines the complex dynamics of non-motherhood in contemporary Peruvian society, focusing on middle and upper-class women in Metropolitan Lima. By employing a qualitative methodology centered on narratives, the study explores the meanings attributed to motherhood and non-motherhood, challenging concepts such as "maternal instinct." Autonomy emerges as a right and diverse reasons for choosing not to become a mother are revealed. Moreover, the study addresses stigma, social pressure, and moral violence, highlighting strategies of resistance against the maternal mandate and the construction of new female identities. The article advocates for inclusive dialogue regarding the life choices of these women.