bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short-term changes in frequencies of circulating leukocytes associated with narrowband UVB phototherapy in people with clinically isolated syndrome
Authors: Trend Stephanie , Jones Anderson P. , Cha Lilian , Cooper Matthew N. , Geldenhuys Sian , Fabis-Pedrini Marzena J. , Carroll William M. , Cole Judith M. , Booth David R. , Lucas Robyn M. , French Martyn A. , Byrne Scott N. , Kermode Allan G. , Hart Prue H. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractClinically isolated syndrome (CIS) is the earliest clinical episode in multiple sclerosis (MS). Low environmental exposure to UV radiation is implicated in risk of developing MS, and therefore, narrowband UVB phototherapy might delay progression to MS in people with CIS. Twenty individuals with CIS were recruited, and half were randomised to receive 24 sessions of narrowband UVB phototherapy over a period of 8 weeks. Here, the effects of narrowband UVB phototherapy on the frequencies of circulating immune cells and immunoglobulin levels after phototherapy are reported. Peripheral blood samples for all participants were collected at baseline, and 1, 2, 3, 6 and 12 months after enrolment. An extensive panel of leukocyte populations, including subsets of T cells, B cells, monocytes, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells were examined in phototherapy-treated and control participants, and immunoglobulin levels measured in serum. There were significant short-term increases in the frequency of naïve B cells, intermediate monocytes, and fraction III FoxP3+ T regulatory cells, and decreases in switched memory B cells and classical monocytes in phototherapy-treated individuals. Since B cells are increasingly targeted by MS therapies, the effects of narrowband UVB phototherapy in people with MS should be investigated further.
Response of height, dry matter accumulation and partitioning of oat (Avena sativa L.) to planting density and nitrogen in Horqin Sandy Land
Authors: Gao Kai , Yu Yang Fu , Xia Zhu Tie , Yang Gao , Xing Zhao Li , Qi Li Tian , Ling Lin Zhi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractNitrogen fertilizer application and planting densities were key limiting factor for the physiological metabolism and growth of Avena sativa L. In the paper, it was set five nitrogen fertilizer application (including: N1:225 kg/hm2, N2:300 kg/hm2, N3:375 kg/hm2, N4:450 kg/hm2, N5:525 kg/hm2) and four planting densities (including M1:3 million plants/hm2, M2:3.5 million plants/hm2, M3:4 million plants/hm2, M4:4.5 million plants/hm2), and measure plant height, aboveground biomass, underground biomass, total biomass, stem biomass, leaf biomass, root biomass and ear biomass, and calculate stem/leaf ratio, root/crown ratio, stem contribution rate, leaf contribution rate, root contribution rate and spike contribution rate, to study the effect of density and nitrogen fertilizer on height, biomass and material distribution of Avena sativa L to provide scientific basis for water and fertilizer management of Avena sativa L in Horqin Sandy Land (Science and Technology Park of Inner Mongolia university for nationalities). The results showed, The main purpose was to harvest aboveground biomass such as oat stem and leaf, the optimal density and nitrogen fertilizer combination was M4 and N3, and aboveground biomass was 4254.96 g/m2 (2017) and 4226.21 g/m2 (2018). Under the same planting density, the height, aboveground biomass and underground biomass of Avena sativa L all showed first increased and then decreased with the rising of fertilizer application and the biggest height value appeared at N3. Under the same nitrogen fertilizer application, the height indicated increased gradually with the rising of density, and higher biomass was obtained under lower nitrogen fertilizer application and higher planting density conditions (such as:N1 conditions, the biggest value of underground biomass and total biomass was obtained under M1 condition), and under higher nitrogen fertilizer application conditions the higher value of biomass was obtained under lower planting density condition (M1 (2017) and M2 (2018) under the condition of N5 treatment, the aboveground biomass and total biomass were the highest, while M4 (2017) and M3 (2018) underground biomass was the highest.). Under same nitrogen fertilizer application conditions, the root/shoot ratio and stem/leaf ratio all showed increased first and then decreased with the rising of density. Under same density conditions, the root/shoot ratio and stem/leaf ratio indicated different variation laws with different nitrogen fertilizer application amount. The changes laws of root contribution rate, stem contribution rate, leaf contribution rate and ear contribution rate were different due to density and nitrogen fertilizer application.
Specific keratinase derived designer peptides potently inhibit Aβ aggregation resulting in reduced neuronal toxicity and apoptosis
Authors: Rajput Rinky , G L Balasubramani , Srivastava Ankit , Wahi Divya , Shrivastava Nidhi , Kundu Bishwajit , Grover Abhinav 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Compelling evidence implicates self-assembly of amyloid-β (Aβ1–42) peptides into soluble oligomers and fibrils as a major underlying event in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Herein, we employed amyloid-degrading keratinase (kerA) enzyme as a key Aβ1–42-binding scaffold to identify five keratinase-guided peptides (KgPs) capable of interacting with and altering amyloidogenic conversion of Aβ1–42. The KgPs showed micromolar affinities with Aβ1–42 and abolished its sigmoidal amyloidogenic transition, resulting in abrogation of fibrillogenesis. Comprehensive assessment using dynamic light scattering (DLS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed that KgPs induced the formation of off-pathway oligomers comparatively larger than the native Aβ1–42 oligomers but with a significantly reduced cross-β signature. These off-pathway oligomers exhibited low immunoreactivity against oligomer-specific (A11) and fibril-specific (OC) antibodies and rescued neuronal cells from Aβ1–42 oligomer toxicity as well as neuronal apoptosis. Structural analysis using molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations showed two preferred KgP binding sites (Lys16–Phe20 and Leu28–Val39) on the NMR ensembles of monomeric and fibrillar Aβ1–42, indicating an interruption of crucial hydrophobic and aromatic interactions. Overall, our results demonstrate a new approach for designing potential anti-amyloid molecules that could pave way for developing effective therapeutics against AD and other amyloid diseases.
Revealing the chemical structure of the Class I disc Oph-IRS 67
Authors: Artur de la Villarmois E. , Kristensen L. E. , Jørgensen J. K. 
Published: May 2019

Context. Recent results suggest that the first steps towards planet formation may be already taking place in protoplanetary discs during the first 100 000 yr after stars form. It is therefore crucial to unravel the physical and chemical structures of such discs in their earliest stages while they are still embedded in their natal envelopes and compare them with more evolved systems.
Aims. The purpose of this paper is to explore the structure of a line-rich Class I protobinary source, Oph-IRS 67, and analyse the differences and similarities with Class 0 and Class II sources.
Methods. We present a systematic molecular line study of IRS 67 with the Submillimeter Array (SMA) on 1–2′′ (150–300 AU) scales. The wide instantaneous band-width of the SMA observations (~30 GHz) provide detections of a range of molecular transitions that trace different physics, such as CO isotopologues, sulphur-bearing species, deuterated species, and carbon-chain molecules.
Results. We see significant differences between different groups of species. For example, the CO isotopologues and sulphur-bearing species show a rotational profile and are tracing the larger-scale circumbinary disc structure, while CN, DCN, and carbon-chain molecules peak at the southern edge of the disc at blue-shifted velocities. In addition, the cold gas tracer DCO+ is seen beyond the extent of the circumbinary disc.
Conclusions. The detected molecular transitions can be grouped into three main components: cold regions far from the system, the circumbinary disc, and a UV-irradiated region likely associated with the surface layers of the disc that are reached by the UV radiation from the sources. The different components are consistent with the temperature structure derived from the ratio of two H2CO transitions, that is, warm temperatures are seen towards the outflow direction, lukewarm temperatures are associated with the UV-radiated region, and cold temperatures are related with the circumbinary disc structure. The chemistry towards IRS 67 shares similarities with both Class 0 and Class II sources, possibly due to the high gas column density and the strong UV radiation arising from the binary system. IRS 67 is, therefore, highlighting the intermediate chemistry between deeply embedded sources and T-Tauri discs.
Sonographic and Doppler Sonographic Diagnosis of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants and Newborns
Authors: Deeg Karl-Heinz 
Published: May 2019

AbstractNecrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) occurs primarily in immature preterm infants with low birth weight. It has a prevalence of 7 – 11 % with a poor prognosis and a mortality rate of 20 – 40 %. Plain abdominal radiography is still considered the diagnostic method of first choice even though ultrasound can visualize significantly more findings suspicious for NEC. Such as thickened bowel walls, dilated fluid-filled bowel loops, and gas bubbles in the intestinal wall, portal vein. Moreover, it is possible to assess intestinal peristalsis, to differentiate between intraluminal and extraluminal fluid and to assess the location of fluid accumulations and their internal echo pattern. In addition, free intraabdominal gas can be visualized on ultrasound. Increased flow rates in the mesenteric arteries and decreased flow in the portal vein can be detected on Doppler ultrasound in NEC. Color-coded Doppler ultrasound can be used to differentiate between bowel loops with increased and decreased perfusion and thus at risk for perforation. Ultrasound is therefore superior to conventional radiography in many regards and should replace it as the diagnostic method of first choice not least because of its noninvasive nature.
Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE) for Fibroid Treatment – Results of the 7th Radiological Gynecological Expert Meeting
Authors: Kröncke Thomas , David Matthias 
Published: May 2019

Uterine artery embolization (UAE) is a safe and effective organ sparing treatment for fibroid-related symptoms based on a broad range of published evidence including randomized-controlled trials. Indication for treatment by means of UAE are symptomatic uterine fibroids. UAE is an alternative to surgical and medical treatment for uterine fibroids as well treatment by MRgFUS. This consensus paper covers the structural prerequisites, the criteria for technical and clinical success, contraindications, side effects and complications as well as the role of UAE treatment in women wishing to conceive and gives guidance on radiation safety measures and clinical follow-up.
Key Points:

Citation Format
Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE) for Fibroid Treatment – Results of the 7th Radiological Gynecological Expert Meeting
Authors: Kröncke Thomas , David Matthias 
Published: May 2019

AbstractUterine artery embolization (UAE) is a safe and effective organ sparing treatment for fibroid-related symptoms based on a broad range of published evidence including randomized-controlled trials. Indication for treatment by means of UAE are symptomatic uterine fibroids. UAE is an alternative to surgical and medical treatment for uterine fibroids as well as treatment by MRgFUS. This consensus paper covers the structural prerequisites, the criteria for technical and clinical success, contraindications, side effects and complications as well as the role of UAE treatment in women wishing to conceive and gives guidance on radiation safety measures and clinical follow-up.
Integration von Palliativmedizin in onkologische Spitzenzentren Deutschlands – ambulante Sprechstunden und Rotationsprogramme der spezialisierten Palliativmedizin
Authors: Berendt Julia , Thomas Michael , Neukirchen Martin , Schwartz Jacqueline , Hense Jörg , Tewes Mitra 
Published: May 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Comprehensive Cancer Center zeichnen sich durch einen fachübergreifenden Austausch aus, um im Krankheitsverlauf zumeist komplexer werdenden Anforderungen an die Versorgung in höchstem Maß gerecht zu werden. Tumorsprechstunden und Rotationen schlagen dabei strukturell bzw. ad personam Brücken zu anderen Fächern und Disziplinen.
Ziel Um den Comprehensive Cancer Centern konkrete Unterstützung zur weiteren Integration der spezialisierten Palliativmedizin geben zu können, wurde erhoben, inwieweit palliativmedizinische Sprechstunden und ärztliche Rotationen zur Palliativmedizin in den Zentren integriert sind.
Methoden Mit einem Befragungsbogen wurden Angaben zur palliativmedizinischen Sprechstunde und ärztlichen Rotation der bisher von der Krebshilfe geförderten Comprehensive Cancer Center (n = 16) papierbasiert erhoben. Hierfür wurden die Leiter der palliativmedizinischen Einrichtungen der Zentren von Juli bis August 2017 befragt. Die Auswertung erfolgte über SPSS (Häufigkeit, Mittelwert, Median, Spannweite).
Ergebnisse 15 (93,75 %) von 16 Zentren nahmen an der Befragung teil. Neun Zentren (60 %) haben eine palliativmedizinische Sprechstunde. Vier von neun CCC unterbreiten dieses Angebot ≥ 4 Stunden (44,4 %). Ärztliche Rotationen in die Palliativmedizin sind in allen Comprehensive Cancer Centern, vorrangig aus der Onkologie/ Hämatologie (n = 11, 73,3 %) und Anästhesiologie (n = 6) und häufig für zwölf Monate (n = 11), üblich.
Diskussion Im Netzwerk der Comprehensive Cancer Center ist ein Sprechstundenangebot als eine ambulante Struktur der Palliativmedizin bisher nicht flächendeckend umgesetzt. Derzeit bestehen in den Zentren Unterschiede in der personellen Besetzung und Einschränkungen, entsprechende Leistungen kostendeckend zu finanzieren. Das vorhandene Bemühen um die Integration der palliativmedizinischen Versorgung in den onkologischen Erkrankungsverlauf bedarf zur Erhöhung der Sichtbarkeit palliativmedizinischer Angebote der weiteren Strukturierung. Zur Sensibilisierung für die Möglichkeiten der Palliativmedizin sind dagegen ärztliche Rotationen in die Palliativmedizin, regulär im Netzwerk der Comprehensive Cancer Center umgesetzt, wenn auch nur für einen Teil der Fächer.
Z-ligustilide and n-Butylidenephthalide Isolated from the Aerial Parts of Angelica tenuissima Inhibit Lipid Accumulation In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Lee Wonseok , Koo Hye Ryoung , Choi You-Jin , Choi Jin Gyu , Oh Myung Sook , Jin Xing , Choo Munki , Park Sunghyouk , Jeong Yoo-Seong , Chung Suk-Jae , Lee Byung-Hoon 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAbnormal lipid metabolism, such as increased fatty acid uptake and esterification, is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aqueous extract of the aerial part of Angelica tenuissima Nakai (ATX) inhibited high-fat diet–induced hepatic steatosis in mice as well as oleic acid–induced neutral lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. ATX decreased the mRNA and protein levels of CD36 and diglyceride acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2), the maturation of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBP), and the expression of the lipogenic target genes fasn and scd1. The ATX components, Z-ligustilide and n-butylidenephthalide, inhibited the expression of FATP5 and DGAT2 and thus oleic acid–induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. These results suggest that ATX and its active components Z-ligustilide and n-butylidenephthalide inhibit fatty acid uptake and esterification in mice and have potential as therapeutics for NAFLD.
Color Duplex Doppler US can Follow up the Response of Radioiodine in Graves’ Disease by Evaluating the Thyroid Volume and Peak Systolic Velocity
Authors: Santos Thiago Adler Ralho Rodrigues , Marui Suemi , Watanabe Tomoco , Lima Nicolau , Ozaki Claudia Okanobo , Cerri Giovanni Guido , Chammas Maria C. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Purpose The objective of this study was to prove the efficacy of Doppler ultrasonography (US-Doppler) in the follow-up of patients with GD treated with radioactive iodine.
Methods 97 patients (77 female and 20 male) with a mean age of 42 years (SD ± 15) and with prior diagnosis of GD were treated with radioiodine. In total, 88.5 % achieved euthyroidism or hypothyroidism after treatment. The study was documented before treatment and one, three, and six months after treatment with radioactive iodine (131I) by a single investigator. The volume, echogenicity, echotexture and vascularization of the glands as well as the peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the inferior thyroid arteries were evaluated and compared with the laboratory data.
Results Thyroid volume and PSV had a statistically significant correlation with hormone levels (p < 0.05). The mean pre-dose therapeutic thyroid volume was 43.01 ± 3.88 cm3 and was 11.58 ± 11.26 cm3 6 months after treatment. The mean PSV before 131I was 90.06 ± 44.13 cm/s and decreased significantly over time (p < 0.001). Six months after the therapeutic dose, the mean PSV was 32.95 ± 16.36 cm/s. However, the subjective parameters did not have a significant correlation with the normalization of the thyroid hormones.
Conclusion Doppler US was useful for monitoring the therapeutic response of GD patients after treatment with radioiodine by evaluating the thyroid volume and peak systolic velocity.
Computed Tomographic Imaging in Connective Tissue Diseases
Authors: Barnett Joseph , Devaraj Anand 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPulmonary disease represents a significant extra-articular manifestation in the majority of connective tissue diseases (CTDs). The identification, classification, and staging of pulmonary involvement are centrally important to the management of patients, aiding the prognostication of disease behavior and treatment decisions. We present a review of the high-resolution computed tomographic pulmonary features of CTD in the lung and their significance to the reporting radiologist.
Evidence-gathering in police interviews
Authors: Filipović Luna 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this paper I discuss the many complexities that police officers have to deal with in their communication with suspects. Investigative interviewing is a very complex communicative situation in itself, with a number of different psychological and sociological variables at play during each interview. In addition, suspect interviews bring about an additional dimension of complexity, which is driven by the fact that a basic principle of conversation,cooperation(Grice 1975) is often not respected and is sometimes severely and purposefully violated, for example when suspects are guilty and want to obscure that very fact or when they believe that their situation would worsen if they cooperated with the police. A further layer of complexity is added when the interviews are carried out via an interpreter, where the fact that the officer and the suspect speak different languages during the interview creates additional barriers to straightforward communication.In the present paper, I identify a number of points at which communication difficulties are encountered in this highly sensitive legal context. For this purpose, I analyse authentic interview datasets provided by two UK police constabularies, and also make comparisons with examples from transcripts of authentic US police interrogations. In addition, I highlight the issues that arise when professional interpretation is not available and when bilingual police officers assume the dual role of investigator-interpreter. Finally, I suggest possible solutions that can help remove the hurdles standing in the way of efficient and accurate gathering of communication evidence.
Translating accurately or sounding natural?
Authors: Hijazo-Gascón Alberto 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPolice interview interpreting is a complex task, as interpreters make difficult choices under pressure and time constraints. The main dilemma of the interpreter is whether to remain faithful to the original text, with the risk of rendering non-idiomatic translations, or to give preference to more idiomatic versions that may entail an addition or an omission from the original text. This article presents an analysis of Spanish-English bilingual police interviews in California. The analysis is based on the discrepancies found between an interpreter present in the interrogation and a control interpreter who translates the whole interview post-hoc. This is an original methodology that can be used for future research in this and other contexts. The results show different types of inaccuracies in the interpretation, which can be attributed to contextual pressures and overall challenges of interpreting and to challenges related to typological differences between the two languages involved.
Striving for impartiality
Authors: Wilson Lauren , Walsh Dave 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In the context of interpreter-assisted police interviews (IAPIs) it is essential for both police officers and
interpreters to maintain impartiality at all times. However, there are numerous obstacles on the way towards achieving this
fundamental goal. The present study examines whether and how the different conflicts in communication are constructed and
controlled within the different phases of police interviews, using a self-administered questionnaire that explores the perceptions
of police officers and interpreters. Three areas of conflict pertinent to impartiality were identified: role,
trust and emotion. The differing assumptions about the roles of police officers and
interpreters, and the respective differing expectations, appear to create barriers in the achievement of trust and in the working
relationship as a whole, which may well affect the aim of IAPIs (i.e. to gather reliable information) and alter the interview
outcomes. In addition, both police officers and interpreters have strong emotional experiences during IAPIs; however, neither
group appear to make conscious efforts to engage in coping strategies.
IX—Nurture and Parenting in Aristotelian Ethics
Authors: Connell Sophia M 
Published: May 2019

AbstractFor Aristotle, in making the deliberate choice to incorporate the extensive requirements of the young into the aims of one’s life, people realize their own good. In this paper I will argue that this is a promising way to think about the ethics of care and parenting. Modern theories, which focus on duty and obligation, direct our attention to conflicts of interests in our caring activities. Aristotle’s explanation, in contrast, explains how nurturing others not only develops a core part of the self but also leads to an appreciation of the value of interpersonal relationships.
Medical and Social Constructionist Perspectives on Obesity and Their Relevance for Social Work: Contradictory Explanations for Ever Expanding Nations?
Authors: Green Lorraine , Moran Lisa , Vania Nazira 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Obesity receives little attention in social work literature, but it is highly relevant to social work in relation to adults and children and different client/service user groups. Obese people frequently have complex social care needs, many service user groups experience higher rates of obesity than the general population and obesity is also a potential safeguarding issue for both adults and children. This article critically evaluates medical and social constructionist approaches to obesity, within the context of a multidisciplinary life course paradigm, illuminating the importance of being cognisant of the strengths and weaknesses associated with both approaches. It therefore helps social workers to engage more critically and holistically with obesity, particularly understanding the limitations of the medical model, the influence of social divisions and inequalities, cultural issues, stigmatisation and value judgements and consequentially the importance of defending human rights and upholding social justice.