bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unholy alliances
Authors: Kehoe Elisabeth 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
By the inter-war years, British national cultural institutions struggled financially to compete in the international art markets. Ambitions to hold the finest collections in the world remained unchanged, however, and these museums and galleries stayed active in the acquisitions market, despite the limitations imposed by economic downturns in 1930s Britain. Evidence of the difficulties faced by such institutions can be seen in the acquisition of the Codex Sinaiticus – one of the world’s oldest Bibles – by the British Museum from the Soviet Government in 1933. The Prime Minister, Ramsay MacDonald, secretly instructed the Treasury to advance the funds to secure the manuscript before it came on to the open market, after agreeing with the trustees of the museum to meet half the costs if the museum would match them through what turned out to be a highly contentious public fundraising campaign.
Viewing Japan and China through Dirk Boer’s Panorama, 1835–1838
Authors: Baird Christina , Backx-Palsgraaf Helen 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Dirk Boer (1803–1877) contributed to the popularization of Japanese and Chinese art in The Netherlands. He is best remembered for his ‘Groote Koninklijke Bazar’ or Grand Royal Bazaar which, during the nineteenth century, had an international reputation for exhibiting and selling Japanese and Chinese products, alongside a much wider and more diverse selection of goods. In this study, some of Dirk Boer’s earlier achievements and activities pre-dating the Groote Koninklijke Bazar will be discussed and Boer’s Chinese and Japanese Panorama will be highlighted as an illustration of the interest in China and Japan in The Netherlands during the 1830s. Contemporary reports are discussed with a view to establishing something of Boer’s Panorama’s physical appearance and popularity. Analogies will be drawn to similar exhibitions, cosmoramas and panoramas, both in Britain and The Netherlands.
Species-specific detection of medically important aspergilli by a loop-mediated isothermal amplification method in chronic pulmonary aspergillosis
Authors: Tone Kazuya , Suzuki Junko , Alshahni Mohamed Mahdi , Kuwano Kazuyoshi , Makimura Koichi 
Published: November 2018

AbstractChronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is a common subtype of pulmonary aspergillosis and a life-threatening disease. However, its diagnosis remains difficult due to the lack of specific clinical features and radiologic findings, as well as the difficulty of isolating Aspergillus spp. We developed a novel species-specific detection method of medically important aspergilli using a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for CPA. Specific LAMP primer sets for Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, and Aspergillus nidulans were designed. The use of the LAMP assay was validated using respiratory specimens (CPA cases, n = 21; nonaspergillosis cases, n = 23). A total of 15 cases were positive in the CPA group (A. fumigatus, n = 5; A. flavus, n = 1; A. niger, n = 1; A. terreus, n = 7; A. nidulans, n = 1), but only three in the non-CPA group (A. niger, n = 2; A. terreus n = 1). The sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis of CPA by the LAMP system were 71.4% and 87.0%, respectively. In conclusion, we developed a species-specific detection approach for five medically important aspergilli using the LAMP method. The system showed high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of CPA.
The prevalence and clinical significance of microcolonies when tested according to contemporary interpretive breakpoints for fluconazole against Candida species using E-test
Authors: Hauzer Michael , Cohen Matan J , Polacheck Itzhack , Moses Allon , Korem Maya 
Published: November 2018

AbstractChanges in the interpretive-breakpoints for antifungals against various Candida species have raised the need to examine the significance of the phenomenon of the growth of microcolonies in agar diffusion inhibition zones, which has generally been considered negligible. The objective was to determine the incidence of cases in which microcolonies demonstrate fluconazole resistance according to current interpretive-breakpoints and whether their growth is associated with therapeutic failure. The fluconazole minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 100 blood culture isolates of Candida were performed by E-test on Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) agar and examined for the appearance of microcolonies. Fluconazole MICs of microcolonies were then determined over three generations. The significance of the phenomenon of microcolonies was determined according to clinical data retrieved from electronic files. Microcolonies were a common phenomenon among Candida isolates following incubation on RPMI agar, with a higher frequency among C. albicans isolates as compared to non-albicans Candida across generations (57–93% vs 31–93%, respectively) and a similar fluconazole susceptibility rate over three generations. The rate of microcolonies was similar in both patients with successful and unsuccessful outcome (41% vs 42%, respectively). Microcolonies are a common phenomenon. No increase in MIC was demonstrated throughout three generations of microcolony inoculation on RPMI, and no difference in clinical outcome was observed.
Secukinumab shows sustained efficacy and low structural progression in ankylosing spondylitis: 4-year results from the MEASURE 1 study
Authors: Braun Jürgen , Baraliakos Xenofon , Deodhar Atul , Poddubnyy Denis , Emery Paul , Delicha Eumorphia M , Talloczy Zsolt , Porter Brian 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of secukinumab, a fully human anti-interleukin-17A monoclonal antibody, on efficacy, imaging outcomes, and safety through 4 years (208 weeks) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.MethodsPatients opting to enrol had completed 2 years’ treatment in the MEASURE 1 core study with subcutaneous secukinumab 150 or 75 mg every 4 weeks (q4Wk), following intravenous loading to Week (Wk) 4, or placebo treatment to Wk16/24. Up-titration from secukinumab 75–150 mg q4Wk was permitted following a protocol amendment. Efficacy is reported for patients originally randomized to secukinumab. Radiographic changes were assessed using the modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score (mSASSS) and changes in MRI measures of inflammation using the Berlin scoring method. Safety and tolerability were evaluated.ResultsAmong 274 extension study participants, 89.7% (78/87) and 93.0% (93/100) originally randomized to secukinumab 150 and 75 mg, respectively, completed 208Wk. Through Wk208, Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society 20/40 (observed) were 79.7%/60.8% (150 mg), 71.0%/43.5% (75 mg) and 80.0%/76% (up-titrators; n = 25). Mean (s.d.) changes in mSASSS were 1.2 (3.91) (150 mg), 1.8 (4.32) (75 mg) and 1.6 (5.67) (up-titrators). No radiographic progression (mSASSS change from Baseline < 2) was observed in 79% of patients receiving either secukinumab dose. Exposure-adjusted incidence rates per 100 patient-years were: serious infections (1.0), Candida infections (0.4), Crohn’s disease (0.6), ulcerative colitis (0.2), and malignant/unspecified tumours (0.5), with no new safety signals.ConclusionThrough 4 years, secukinumab provided sustained efficacy on signs and symptoms, and MRI outcomes, a low rate of radiographic progression and a consistent safety profile.Trial registrationNCT01863732.
Vessel wall plasticity in large vessel giant cell arteritis: an ultrasound follow-up study
Authors: Aschwanden Markus , Schegk Elke , Imfeld Stephan , Staub Daniel , Rottenburger Christof , Berger Christoph T , Daikeler Thomas 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Objectives
To assess changes of arterial vessel wall morphology in large vessel GCA patients (LV-GCA) by repeated US.

Methods
Patients with LV-GCA on US examination were followed up 6, 12 and 24 months after diagnosis by US of the temporal, vertebral, carotid (common, internal, external), subclavian, axillary, femoral (deep, superficial and common) and popliteal arteries. Clinical and laboratory data were assessed at each visit. Vessel wall thickening was classified as moderate, marked or arteriosclerotic.

Results
A total of 42 patients (26 female) with a median age of 75 years at diagnosis had in median 2 (range 1–3) US follow-up exams. Twenty-eight had both LV and temporal artery involvement and 14 had LV-GCA only. The common carotid, subclavian, axillary, popliteal and/or superficial femoral artery were most commonly involved. Reduction of LV wall thickening occurred in 45% of patients during follow-up, corresponding to 71 of the 284 (25%) initially ‘vasculitic’ LV segments. In contrast, a reduction of vessel wall thickening in the temporal artery was found in 85% of patients. Of the LVs, the vertebral, axillary, subclavian and deep femoral arteries were most likely to improve. There was no difference in relapses or the received cumulative steroid dose between patients with or without a reduction of vessel wall thickening (temporal artery or LV) during follow-up.

Conclusion
Regression of wall thickening within the LV is significantly less common than in the temporal artery and irrespective of clinical remission. Morphological regression does not seem to be a useful predictor for relapses.
Refocusing the Lens: Caring and Compassion in an Online Nursing Environment
Authors: Bradley Holly B. , Cook Linda L. , Morrow Linda , Leasca Joslin B. , Lampley Tammy 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The concept of compassionate caring in an online nursing education environment is an idea that has limited research. The College of Nursing at Sacred Heart University has adopted a caring model and philosophy to foster an engaged, mutually beneficial environment and guide how faculty and students interact in the online environment. Examples of how faculty engage students in these behaviors are offered.
A Colposcopy Trainer to Simulate Visualization and Biopsy of the Cervix
Authors: Felix Heidi M. , Lannen Amy 
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND:
Colposcopy is a common office procedure providing a magnified view of the cervix for the evaluation of an abnormal cytology result. Traditionally the procedure has been replicated in simulation training by using a sausage or hotdog to represent the cervix and allow for target biopsy. This is neither reusable nor sustainable.

METHOD:
We developed a cervix model comprised of food coloring and ballistics gel. After cooling, the surface was dotted with gel that can be activated by a black light to mimic acetowhite changes. The cervix was placed into an existing pelvic trainer and then piloted by attending physicians and resident trainees in obstetrics and gynecology and family practice.

EXPERIENCE:
Sixteen physicians and residents were surveyed after a simulated colposcopy. Twelve had performed colposcopies and of those, eight stated that the model was very comparable with the real procedure; four stated the model was somewhat comparable. Three had never performed a colposcopy but stated that model was very or somewhat comparable with textbook or journal photographs.

CONCLUSION:
Our colposcopy trainer represents continued innovation in the field of simulation while being sustainable and economic. We continue to work on enhancing our model to be even more sophisticated and offering additional training options.
Child Neurodevelopmental Outcomes by Prepregnancy Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain
Authors: Kominiarek Michelle A. , Smid Marcela C. , Mele Lisa , Casey Brian M. , Sorokin Yoram , Reddy Uma M. , Wapner Ronald J. , Thorp John M. , Saade George R. , Tita Alan T. N. , Rouse Dwight J. , Sibai Baha , Iams Jay D. , Mercer Brian M. , Tolosa Jorge , Caritis Steve N. ,   for the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network (MFMU)
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVE:
To study the association of prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain with child neurodevelopmental outcomes.

METHODS:
We performed a secondary analysis of data from two parallel, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled thyroxine replacement trials in pregnant women with either hypothyroxinemia or subclinical hypothyroidism who delivered at term. Body mass index was categorized as normal (18.5–24.9), overweight (25.0–29.9), or obese (30 or greater). We also evaluated early (20 weeks of gestation or less), late (greater than 20 weeks of gestation), and total gestational weight gain and categorized gestational weight gain as inadequate, adequate, and excessive per 2009 Institute of Medicine guidelines. Neurodevelopmental outcomes included 5-year Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence and 3-year Differential Ability Scales-II. Linear and logistic regression analyses were performed and adjusted for maternal age, race–ethnicity, education, insurance status, parity, smoking and alcohol use, thyroid status (subclinical hypothyroidism or hypothyroxinemia), treatment group, gestational age at delivery, and neonatal sex.

RESULTS:
Of the 948 women included, 380 (40%), 305 (32%), and 263 (28%) had normal, overweight, and obese prepregnancy BMI, respectively. A total of 106 (11%), 212 (22%), and 630 (66%) of women had inadequate, adequate, and excessive total rates of gestational weight gain, respectively. Maternal differences among the BMI categories included race–ethnicity, education, insurance type, parity, and thyroid status (all P<.01), whereas the gestational weight gain groups only differed by parity (P<.001). In unadjusted analysis, children of obese (93.2±12.8; 88.5±13.3) and overweight (94.1±15.6; 89.6±16.0) women had lower Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence and Differential Ability Scales-II scores, respectively, than normal-weight women (97.4±15.4; 93.9±16.0; P<.001 for all comparisons); however, in adjusted analysis, there were no differences in neurodevelopmental outcomes by maternal BMI. The association was primarily accounted for by race–ethnicity and education. In unadjusted and adjusted analyses, there were no differences in neurodevelopmental outcomes by adequacy of early, late, or total gestational weight gain.

CONCLUSION:
In women with either subclinical hypothyroidism or hypothyroxinemia, neither prepregnancy BMI nor gestational weight gain was associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes among children born at term in adjusted analyses.
Comparison of Anal Versus Rectal Staging in the Prognostication of Rectal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Population-Based Analysis
Authors: Goffredo Paolo , Robinson Timothy J. , Frakes Jessica M. , Utria Alan F. , Scott Aaron T. , Hassan Imran 
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND:
Rectal squamous cell carcinoma is a rare malignancy with limited data regarding management and prognosis. It is also unknown whether a rectal squamous cell cancer staging system should be based on size, as for anal squamous cell carcinoma, or depth of invasion, as for rectal adenocarcinoma.

OBJECTIVE:
The aims of the current study were to determine the optimal management strategy, prognostic factors, and staging system for rectal squamous cell carcinoma.

DESIGN:
This was a population-based study.

SETTINGS:
The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was used to identify patents diagnosed between 1988 and 2013.

PATIENTS:
Patients ≥18 years of age undergoing radiation or local excision alone, radiation with local excision, or radiation with radical resection were included. Patients were then staged according to both the American Joint Committee on Cancer classification for rectal adenocarcinoma (American Joint Committee on Cancer-rectum) and anal cancer (American Joint Committee on Cancer-anus).

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
The main outcome was 5-year, disease-specific survival.

RESULTS:
In both univariate and multivariate survival analyses, the addition of local excision or radical resection to radiation resulted in similar-to-worse outcomes across all of the stages. Among patients staged according to American Joint Committee on Cancer-rectum (n = 1646), although a significant difference in 5-year survival was observed for stage I as compared with higher stages, no difference was noted between stages II and III (80% vs 61% and 62%). However, in the American Joint Committee on Cancer-anus classification (n = 1327), a significant difference was observed across all of the stages (87% vs 72% vs 59%; p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, the prognostic discrimination based on HRs provided by the American Joint Committee on Cancer-anus was superior to that of the American Joint Committee on Cancer-rectum.

LIMITATIONS:
This study was limited by lack of data on chemotherapy and location of positive nodes.

CONCLUSIONS:
A treatment approach primarily based on radiation should be considered the optimal management strategy for rectal squamous cell carcinoma. Moreover, a staging system based on size (American Joint Committee on Cancer-anus) rather than on depth of invasion (American Joint Committee on Cancer-rectum) appears to be more accurate in predicting its prognosis. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/A734.
Leeching as Salvage Venous Drainage in Ear Reconstruction: Clinical Case and Review of Literature
Authors: Facchin Federico , Lancerotto Luca , Arnež Zoran Marij , Bassetto Franco , Vindigni Vincenzo 
Published: November 2018

Background:
Ear avulsion is a rare complication of different traumas, such as car accidents, human or animal bites and stab wounds, and can result in dramatic cosmetic consequences for the patient. Ear replantation, revascularization, and reattachment are the options offering best aesthetic results. But venous outflow insufficiency is responsible for a high rate of failures. Leeching is one the most efficient methods to relieve venous congestion. It has been used as an alternative venous outflow in case of severe impairment of the physiologic one.

Methods:
We present a case of successful rescue of a congested reattached ear by leeching after subtotal avulsion, along with a review of the literature on cases of avulsed auricle reconstruction salvaged by hirudotherapy. Data were collected and analyzed to identify a best regimen to deal with venous congestion.

Results:
More than 130 cases of avulsed auricle savage are described in the literature, in a fourth of which leech therapy was used in the management of venous congestion.

Discussion:
In case of both venous outflow deficit or absence, leeches are a potentially successful option to correct the congestion while new veins reestablish normal physiology. The need for anticoagulant/antiaggregant therapy, antibiotics, and often blood transfusion are the main pitfalls of leeching.

Conclusion:
Leeches can be considered a salvage method for ear replantation and reattachment in those cases that lack venous outflow in the presence of valid arterial inflow.
Wassel VI Duplications: A Report of 2 Cases, Soft-tissue Anatomy, and Reconstructive Approach
Authors: Munabi Naikhoba C. O. , Tanabe Kylie , Kulber David A. 
Published: November 2018

Summary:
Preaxial polydactyly represents an embryologic failure of formation and differentiation that is most commonly classified according to the level of bony duplication. The soft-tissue anatomy and approach to reconstruction of a Wassel VI thumb, an uncommon variant in which complete duplication begins at the metacarpals has not been extensively discussed in the literature. Here, we present 2 patients with a Wassel VI duplication and a shared soft-tissue variant of anomalous insertion of the opponens pollicis muscle onto the radial hypoplastic digit. A critical component of thenar reconstruction involves preservation and reinsertion of the opponens muscle into the dominant and preserved metacarpal.
Symptoms and Experience of Depression Among Chinese Communities in the West: A Scoping Review
Authors: Ahmad Farah , Maule Catherine , Wang Jamie , Fung Wai Lun Alan 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Despite the increasing presence of Chinese communities in the West, their experiences of depression and the variations in symptoms or presentation are not well understood. Using Arksey and O’Malley’s methodical framework, we conducted a scoping review of the published literature, using electronic databases MEDLINE and PsycINFO, and searched for articles published since 1999. Out of 1177 articles identified, 21 met the inclusion criteria. Thematic synthesis revealed valuable scholarly work on (1) depression rates, migration, and contextual determinants, (2) causation beliefs and help seeking, (3) acculturation and symptoms, (4) presenting symptoms and somatization, and (5) culturally sensitive assessment and care. Overall, this review has identified the importance of contextual determinants in the development of depression, low rates of seeking of professional help, subtle variations in somatization, and knowledge gaps in culturally sensitive care. The findings suggest that, rather than treating migration as a cause of mental distress, the accompanying conditions and events need to be further examined and addressed as potential risk or protective factors. Subtle variations in somatization are also evident, and future scholarly work should examine the notion of cultural scripts—namely, that people attend and react to particular experiences in culturally based ways. For this reason (among others), practice models need to develop strategies for culturally sensitive care, such as co-construction of illness narratives and finding common ground. Given the stigma of mental illness and the low level of seeking professional help, the role of primary care should be expanded. Further studies investigating mental health issues beyond depression are also warranted in the studied community.
A Potential Role for the Noncoding Transcriptome in Psychiatric Disorders
Authors: Klengel Torsten 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Understanding the complexity and regular function of the human brain is an unresolved challenge that hampers the identification of disease-contributing components and mechanisms of psychiatric disorders. It is accepted that the majority of psychiatric disorders result from a complex interaction of environmental and heritable factors, and efforts to determine, for example, genetic variants contributing to the pathophysiology of these diseases are becoming increasingly successful. We also continue to discover new molecules with unknown functions that might play a role in brain physiology. One such class of polymeric molecules is noncoding RNAs; though discovered years ago, they have only recently started to receive careful attention. Furthermore, recent technological advances in the field of molecular genetics and high-throughput sequencing have facilitated the discovery of a broad spectrum of RNAs that show no obvious coding potential but may provide additional layers of complexity and regulation to the molecular mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders. Their exquisite enrichment and expression profiles in the brain may point to important functions of these RNAs in health and disease. This review will therefore aim to provide insight into the expression of noncoding RNAs in the brain, their function, and potential role in psychiatric disorders.