bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioethicists to the Barricades!
Authors: Lindemann Hilde 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this article I begin with an anecdote as a way of exploring just exactly what activism entails. Are we talking about the kind of activism every citizen ought to engage in? Should we confine our topic to activism in health care settings? Just what is activism anyway, and how much and what kind ought bioethicists to engage in? Finally, I consider the possibility that it’s perfectly permissible for bioethicists not to be activists of any kind.
Developing a ‘moral compass tool’ based on moral case deliberations: A pragmatic hermeneutic approach to clinical ethics
Authors: Hartman Laura , Metselaar Suzanne , Widdershoven Guy , Molewijk Bert 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAlthough moral case deliberation (MCD) is evaluated positively as a form of clinical ethics support (CES), it has limitations. To address these limitations our research objective was to develop a thematic CES tool. In order to assess the philosophical characteristics of a CES tool based on MCDs, we drew on hermeneutic ethics and pragmatism. We distinguished four core characteristics of a CES tool: (a) focusing on an actual situation that is experienced as morally challenging by the user; (b) stimulating moral inquiry into the moral concepts, questions and routines in the lived experience of the CES tool user; (c) stimulating moral learning by exploring other perspectives; and (d) incorporating contextual details. We provide an example of a CES tool developed for moral dilemmas over client autonomy. Our article ends with some reflections on the normativity of the CES tool, other application areas and the importance of evaluation studies of CES tools.
LUF7244, an allosteric modulator/activator of Kv11.1 channels, counteracts dofetilide‐induced torsades de pointes arrhythmia in the chronic atrioventricular block dog model
Authors: Qile Muge , Beekman Henriette D.M. , Sprenkeler David J. , Houtman Marien J.C. , van Ham Willem B. , Stary‐Weinzinger Anna , Beyl Stanislav , Hering Steffen , van den Berg Dirk‐Jan , de Lange Elizabeth C.M. , Heitman Laura H. , IJzerman Ad P. , Vos Marc A. , van der Heyden Marcel A.G. 
Published: July 2019

Background and PurposeKv11.1 (hERG) channel blockade is an adverse effect of many drugs and lead compounds, associated with lethal cardiac arrhythmias. LUF7244 is a negative allosteric modulator/activator of Kv11.1 channels that inhibits early afterdepolarizations in vitro. We tested LUF7244 for antiarrhythmic efficacy and potential proarrhythmia in a dog model.Experimental ApproachLUF7244 was tested in vitro for (a) increasing human IKv11.1 and canine IKr and (b) decreasing dofetilide‐induced action potential lengthening and early afterdepolarizations in cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells and canine isolated ventricular cardiomyocytes. In vivo, LUF7244 was given intravenously to anaesthetized dogs in sinus rhythm or with chronic atrioventricular block.Key ResultsLUF7244 (0.5–10 μM) concentration dependently increased IKv11.1 by inhibiting inactivation. In vitro, LUF7244 (10 μM) had no effects on IKIR2.1, INav1.5, ICa‐L, and IKs, doubled IKr, shortened human and canine action potential duration by approximately 50%, and inhibited dofetilide‐induced early afterdepolarizations. LUF7244 (2.5 mg·kg−1·15 min−1) in dogs with sinus rhythm was not proarrhythmic and shortened, non‐significantly, repolarization parameters (QTc: −6.8%). In dogs with chronic atrioventricular block, LUF7244 prevented dofetilide‐induced torsades de pointes arrhythmias in 5/7 animals without normalization of the QTc. Peak LUF7244 plasma levels were 1.75 ± 0.80 during sinus rhythm and 2.34 ± 1.57 μM after chronic atrioventricular block.Conclusions and ImplicationsLUF7244 counteracted dofetilide‐induced early afterdepolarizations in vitro and torsades de pointes in vivo. Allosteric modulators/activators of Kv11.1 channels might neutralize adverse cardiac effects of existing drugs and newly developed compounds that display QTc lengthening.
Coopetition in innovation activities and firms' economic performance: An empirical analysis
Authors: Pekovic Sanja , Grolleau Gilles , Mzoughi Naoufel 
Published: July 2019

We use survey data to test whether it pays to cooperate in innovation activities with rivals (also referred to as coopetition) compared to other cooperative arrangements, notably with non‐rival partners. Applying an ordinary least squares regression to a large sample of French firms (N = 2957), we found evidence of a positive and significant relationship between various forms of cooperation (with and without rivals) and firms' economic performance, measured by EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization). Results show that cooperation with rival and non‐rivals taken together increases economic performance, but that the impact of cooperation with rivals is lower than the impact of cooperation with non‐rivals. Estimation results suggest that reaping the full cooperation benefits is not automatic and requires precision dosing and management.
Investigating effects of interactive signage–based stimulation for promoting behavior change
Authors: Zhang Zhihua , Takahashi Yuta , Fujimoto Manato , Arakawa Yutaka , Yasumoto Keiichi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn recent years, many types of research and developments on behavior change have been conducted. The purpose of behavior change is to improve people's lifestyle pattern or to maintain the improvement for a long time with the aim to achieve a goal such as promoting health condition improvement. To achieve the foundation of a new lifestyle, it is necessary to recognize the daily life patterns of users and give triggers for behavior change to users in their daily life. To realize this, in our research, we develop an interactive signage which is able to identify and actively talk to the passing user and try to induce behavior change by sending visual and auditory stimulation. Then, we record users' reactions and upload them to the server. In this paper, we report the investigation result on users' reactions and feelings to the developed interactive signage. As a survey experiment, we set up four interactive signs on a floor of our university and asked 15 participants to carry a name tag with a Bluetooth Low Energy beacon during their daily life. Five kinds of tasks based on dialogue scenarios are posted to the approaching participants. Participants can respond to these tasks through a touchscreen. The period of the experiment was three weeks. To get the data in an ideal environment, during the first week, we asked all the participants to respond to the utterance from the interactive signage whenever they hear the voice message. During the next two weeks, participants were not asked to respond to the task definitely to get the data in the real environment. The result of the experiment showed that our proposed interactive signage could induce behavior change effectively. Based on the result of experiment, we updated our interactive signage system by adding response time (the time passed from showing contents until user respond), record function, and voice feedback function. Furthermore, to collect the data of response time that is considered as a part of users' reactions, we conducted an additional experiment with the same participants in previous experiment (except for one missing participant) for one week after updating the system. In the additional experiment, the participants were not asked to respond to the utterance definitely. As a result, it is shown that the behavior change by the proposed signage is still effectively induced. We also analyzed the relationship between the day passed and the response rate of each task type. The result shows that the number of ignorance of personal task and check task does not rise even as the time passes.
Phospholipase Cγ1 is required for normal irritant contact dermatitis responses and sebaceous gland homeostasis
Authors: Fukuyama Takatsugu , Nakamura Yoshikazu , Kanemaru Kaori , Toyoda Chiho , Jang Hyun‐Jun , Suh Pann‐Ghill , Fukami Kiyoko 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDifferentiation and proliferation of keratinocyte are controlled by various signalling pathways. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is known to be an important regulator of multiple epidermal functions. Inhibition of EGFR signalling disturbs keratinocyte proliferation, differentiation and migration. Previous studies have revealed that one of the EGFR downstream signalling molecules, phospholipase Cγ1 (PLCγ1), regulates differentiation, proliferation and migration of keratinocytes in in vitro cell culture system. However, the role of PLCγ1 in the regulation of keratinocyte functions in animal epidermis remains unexplored. In this study, we generated keratinocyte‐specific PLCγ1 knockout (KO) mice (PLCγ1 cKO mice). Contrary to our expectations, loss of PLCγ1 did not affect differentiation, proliferation and migration of interfollicular keratinocytes. We further examined the role of PLCγ1 in irritant contact dermatitis (ICD), in which epidermal cells play a pivotal role. Upon irritant stimulation, PLCγ1 cKO mice showed exaggerated ICD responses. Further study revealed that epidermal loss of PLCγ1 induced sebaceous gland hyperplasia, indicating that PLCγ1 regulates homeostasis of one of the epidermal appendages. Taken together, our results indicate that, although PLCγ1 is dispensable in interfollicular keratinocyte for normal differentiation, proliferation and migration, it is required for normal ICD responses. Our results also indicate that PLCγ1 regulates homeostasis of sebaceous glands.
An automatic procedure that grades some facial skin structural signs: agreements and validation with clinical assessments made by dermatologists
Authors: Flament F. , Hofmann M. , Roo E. , Raimbault‐Gerard C. , Chuberre B. , Zhang Y. , Jiang R. , Kezele I. , Zhang J. , Elmozino E. , Coquide J. , Arcin V. , Aarabi P. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo confirm the robustness and validity of an automatic scoring system, algorithm‐based, that grades the severity of nine facial signs through “selfies” smartphones pictures taken by European Caucasian women through dermatological assessments.Methods157 Caucasian women from three countries (France, Germany, Spain), of different ages (20–75 years), took one “selfie” image by the frontal camera of their smartphones whereas local dermatologists photographed them with the back camera of the same smartphone. The same nine facial signs of these subjects were initially graded by these local dermatologists, using referential Skin Aging Atlases. All 314 “selfies” images were then further automatically analyzed by the algorithm. The severity of facial signs (wrinkles, pigmentation, ptosis, skin folds etc.) were statistically compared to the assessments made by the three dermatologists, taken as ground truth.ResultsHighly significant coefficients of correlation (P < 0.001) were found in the three cohorts between the grades provided by the system and those from dermatologists in live. The back camera – of a better resolution than the frontal one – seems affording slightly more significant correlations. However, although significantly correlated, the signs of vascular disorders and cheek skin pores present some disparities that are likely linked to the technical diversity of smartphones or self‐shootings, leading to lower coefficients of correlations.ConclusionThis automatic scoring system offers a promising approach in the harmonization of Dermatological assessments of skin facial signs and their changes with age or the follow up of anti‐aging treatments.
Effects of tempering and heat strengthening on hardness, indentation fracture resistance, and wear of soda lime float glass
Authors: Sheth Nisha , Howzen Alexandra , Campbell Alexander , Spengler Sarah , Liu Hongshen , Pantano Carlo G. , Kim Seong H. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAnecdotal and empirical evidence suggests that heat strengthening treatments compromise the wear and scratch resistance of soda lime silicate (SLS) glass. This can be problematic when trying to clean inorganic debris from the glass surface which can result in scratches degrading the optical clarity of the glass surface. Interestingly, past work using a ball‐on‐flat tribometer showed that SLS has peculiar wear behaviors as a function of relative humidity (RH). In dry conditions, inorganic counter surfaces abrade SLS. In contrast, in high humidity conditions, SLS substrate exhibits wear resistance for a variety of inorganic counter‐surface materials. The focus of this fundamental study is to investigate the hardness, indentation fracture resistance (IFR), and wear resistance of SLS float glass with various thermal treatment histories—as‐received (exposed to ambient lab air for about a year), annealed, heat strengthened, and thermally tempered—as a function of humidity using Vickers indentation and ball‐on‐flat tribometer. Several hypotheses were considered, and it was proposed that Si‐O bond parameters, specifically strained bonds, may play an important role in the mechanochemical wear behavior of soda lime glasses at high humidity conditions.
Microwave‐assisted solvothermal synthesis of sodium metal fluoride (NaxMFy) nanopowders
Authors: Hwang Jongkook , Chun Jinyoung 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this study, we have developed a simple, versatile, and rapid solvothermal process for the preparation of sodium metal fluoride (NaxMFy) nanopowders (NaCoF3, NaMnF3, and Na3FeF6) using a microwave digestion system. Microwave heating significantly reduces the reaction time compared to conventional heating methods. The NaxMFy nanopowders have cluster structures consisting of small primary nanoparticles, thus resulting in a large surface area of >60 m2 g−1. The effect of an essential additive is also investigated to confirm the optimal conditions for obtaining large‐surface‐area NaxMFy nanopowders without impurities. We expect that this study will promote further research into the development and application of various nanostructured NaxMFy materials.
Do people with intellectual disabilities understand their prescription medication? A scoping review
Authors: Smith Megan V. A. , Adams Danielle , Carr Claudia , Mengoni Silvana E. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundPeople with intellectual disabilities are more likely to experience poor health than the general population and are frequently prescribed multiple medications. Therefore, it is important that people with intellectual disabilities understand their medication and potential adverse effects.MethodA scoping review explored people with intellectual disabilities' knowledge of prescription medications, their risks and how medication understanding can be improved.ResultsTen journal articles were included. People with intellectual disabilities often lacked understanding of their medication, including its name, purpose and when and how to take it. Participants were often confused or unaware of adverse effects associated with their medication. Information was sometimes explained to carers rather than people with intellectual disabilities. Some interventions and accessible information helped to improve knowledge in people with intellectual disabilities.ConclusionThere is a need for accessible and tailored information about medication to be discussed with people with intellectual disabilities in order to meet legal and best practice standards.
Pathogenic variants of PROC gene caused type I activity deficiency in a familial Chinese venous thrombosis
Authors: Yue Yongjian , Liu Shengguo , Han Xuemei , Xiao Lu , Huang Qijun , Li Shulin , Zhuang Kaixue , Yang Mo , Zou Chang , Fu Yingyun 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPathogenic mutation of protein C (PROC) gene results into the deficiency of PROC activity. This study aimed to identify the pathogenic genetic variants and to explore the functional consequence in Chinese familial venous thrombosis (VTE). Whole exome sequencing was performed to identify the pathogenic variants of anticoagulant factors. Serum coagulation and anti‐coagulation factors activity were assayed to evaluate the genetic association. Functional study of PROC antigen secretion deficiency was conducted in VTE subjects and in vitro cell lines. One rare pathogenic variant (p.Ala178Pro) was identified in the four VTE subjects but not in the normal subjects from the family. An inframeshift variant (rs199469469) was also identified in a paediatric subject of the pedigree. Further evaluation of serum PROC activity levels in p.Ala178Pro variants VTE carriers showed significantly lower PROC activity compared to non‐carriers. Furthermore, in vitro study showed that the p.Ala178Pro mutant cells had a consistent reduction in concentration of PROC antigen. In conclusions, our study demonstrated the pathogenic variant (p.Ala178Pro) contributed to PROC type I activity deficiency, which may be due to decreased secretion of PROC.
Salivary levels of specialized pro‐resolving lipid mediators as indicators of periodontal health/disease status
Authors: Tobón‐Arroyave Sergio Iván , Isaza‐Guzmán Diana María , Gómez‐Ortega Juliana , Flórez‐Alzate Angye Alexandra 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimThis cross‐sectional case–control study aimed to determine if salivary levels of lipoxin A4 (LXA4), protectin D1 (PD1), resolvin E1 (RvE1) and maresin 1 (MaR1) might constitute a reflection of periodontal health/disease status.Materials and methodsOne hundred and two periodontitis patients and 61 healthy controls were recruited. Periodontal clinical status was determined by criteria based on full‐mouth clinico‐radiographical data. Salivary concentration of the analytes was calculated by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The association between the biomarkers with disease status was assessed individually and adjusted for confounding using multivariate binary logistic regression models.ResultsSignificantly decreased LXA4 and increased PD1/MaR1 salivary levels were detected in periodontitis patients in comparison with healthy controls. However, no significant differences were observed for RvE1 levels between clinical groups. Clinical parameters such as probing depth, clinical attachment loss and extent were negatively correlated with LXA4, positively correlated with PD1/MaR1 and not correlated with RvE1 salivary levels. Logistic regression analyses revealed a strong/independent association of LXA4, PD1 and MaR1 salivary levels regarding disease status. Interaction effects between demographic predictor variables and salivary concentration of LXA4, PD1 and MaR1 were also identified.ConclusionThe results of this study demonstrated a strong/independent association between reduced LXA4 and increased PD1/MaR1 salivary levels with periodontitis suggesting an imbalance in the specialized pro‐resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) in periodontal disease.
Seasonal trends in whale sharkRhincodon typussightings in an established tourism site in the Gulf of California, Mexico
Authors: Whitehead Darren Andrew , Petatán Ramírez David , Olivier Damien , Gonzalez Armas Rogelio , Pancaldi Francesca , Galvan‐Magana Felipe 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe number of individual whale sharkRhincodon typussightings registered October 2015–March 2018 in Bahia de La Paz, Mexico, ranged from 73 to 129 animals per season (total 1662), with the majority of them identified as males. Density plot maps showed high correlations in sightings between sample seasons and revealed potential hotspot areas. Our study provides an essential baseline of information for the management of whale shark conservation and the associated touristic activities in the region.
Effect of probiotic and prebiotic versus placebo on appetite in patients with major depressive disorder: post hoc analysis of a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Kazemi A. , Noorbala A. A. , Djafarian K. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundPoor appetite and weight loss are common in melancholic depression. Probiotics and prebiotics have the capacity to affect host behaviour, appetite and weight change by modulating the gut microbiome. The aim of this post hoc analysis was to investigate the effect of supplementation with probiotic and prebiotic on appetite, in parallel with body mass index (BMI), weight and energy intake, in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).MethodsWe extracted data from a clinical trial with 81 patients. The participants were randomly assigned to receive probiotic (Lactobacillus helveticus and Bifidobacterium longum), prebiotic (galactooligosaccharide) or placebo for 8 weeks. Appetite, weight, BMI, dietary intake, serum leptin and physical activity were measured. Subjective appetite rating was evaluated every 2 weeks using visual analogue scales (VAS) to assess satiety, hunger, fullness and desire to eat. Serum leptin was measured by an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Physical activity was measured using the international physical activity questionnaire. A repeated measures analysis of variance model was used to analyse VAS data and analysis of variance/analysis of covariance models for dietary intake, BMI, weight and leptin data.ResultsVAS data analyses indicated no significant intervention–time interactions but did show a significant increase over time for desire to eat within the probiotic group (P = 0.025). No significant difference in either BMI or weight was seen among the groups. Energy intake and leptin were significantly increased in the probiotic group compared to the prebiotic.ConclusionsOverall, probiotic supplementation for 8 weeks among MDD patients resulted in improvement of appetite, whereas prebiotic administration had no significant effect on appetite.
The Periodontal‐Cardiovascular alliance: Evaluation of miRNA‐146a in subgingival plaque samples of chronic periodontitis patients with and without coronary heart disease
Authors: Yagnik Krutika , Mahendra Jaideep , Kurian V. M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimTo quantify the levels of miRNA‐146a in subgingival plaque samples, and correlate with periodontal and cardiac parameters, in chronic periodontitis patients with and without coronary heart disease.MethodsThe study involved 90 subjects; 30 patients with chronic periodontitis and coronary heart disease (CP + CHD) as part of Group I; group II comprising 30 with chronic periodontitis alone (CP); and group III comprising 30 systemically healthy controls. Demographic variables, periodontal parameters such as plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment levels, cardiac parameters such as total cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein, low‐density lipoprotein, triglyceride levels, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were recorded from the patients. miRNA‐146a level was analyzed in subgingival plaque samples by real‐time polymerase chain reaction assay and correlated with periodontal and cardiac parameters.ResultsmiRNA‐146a showed the highest levels in the CP + CHD group and also showed a positive correlation with body mass index, and periodontal and cardiac parameters.ConclusionmiRNA‐146a is involved in the pathogenesis of both periodontitis and coronary heart disease.