bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Position Synchronization Control for Dual Redundant Electro-mechanical Actuation in Flight Control System
Authors: Wang D Y , Li D Q , Chen J , Zheng S C 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The paper develops a position synchronization controller for a new active/active dual redundant electro-mechanical actuation system and designs a test platform to validate the performance of the controller. The mathematic models of the position synchronization system are firstly built based on the schematic of the active/active dual redundant electro-mechanical actuation system. The position controller for DEMA and GEMA of is developed based on the velocity and acceleration feed forward and traditional PID theory. A series of motion experiments are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the controller design for active/active dual redundant electro-mechanical actuation system. The experiments results show that the position controllers designed for either DEMA or GEMA are satisfied, the biggest following error is not more than 0.1mm. And the synchronous motion tests show that the PI plus Output Saturation feedback position synchronization control can reduce more than 30 percent synchronous position errors. Furthermore, the tests of position synchronization show that EMA stiffness has a big influence on the synchronous precision. The new position synchronization controller designed based on the accurate system model and actual system parameters can better achieve the position synchronization requirements of the dual redundant EMA system, which makes good sense for redundant systems.
Evaluation of the Slow Release Oxygen Properties and pH Control Ability of Oxygen Slow-releasing Materials
Authors: Chen Zehao , Guo Pengfei , Tian Hailong , Wang Ying , Feng Chenghong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this study, an oxygen slow-releasing materials (OSRM) was developed by simple one-step synthesis. The composition of OSRM included calcium peroxide, bentonite or carclazyte, cement, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) and ammonium sulphate((NH4)2SO4). The OSRM was natural and non-toxic. The slow release oxygen properties and pH control ability of OSRM were evaluated. Results showed that the oxygen concentration increased and kept stable in a week after the addition of OSRM. The OSRM added with KH2PO4 and (NH4)2SO4 was better than The OSRM doped with carclazyte in controling the pH approaching to neutralization. Besides, The OSRM doped with carclazyte instead of bentonite led to the oxygen release slowly. In stimulated sediment environment, the pH value in water was stable at about 7.6 after 4 g/L of OSRM added. This phenomenon may be due to functional groups with buffer capacity occurred in sediment.
Optimization of Process Parameters for Closed-die Forging Based on Finite Element Simulation
Authors: Guo Wei , Zou Jin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this study, finite element software was used to simulate and optimize the process parameters including billet thickness, forging speed, and friction coefficient during closed-die forging. The results show that the mean equivalent strain of the billet gradually increases as the thickness reduces. However, the corners of the billet show certain arcs and the materials are insufficiently filled when the thickness is too small. The higher the die-forging speed is, the more significantly the temperature rises and the more non-uniformly the temperature distributes in the billet. In addition, the mean equivalent strain shows little change when the friction coefficient increased from 0.1 to 0.3, but the strain distribution became more inhomogeneous.
Analysis of optimal profile modification amount of spur gear under disturbance of backlash and center distance
Authors: Shen Enen , Hu Yumei , He Zao , Zhang Huan , Min Yanghan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Under high temperature conditions, backlash and center distance of gear pair deviate from the preset value, which makes original modification amount deviate from the optimal value. The Finite Element Method was used to verify the deviation of the optimal modification amount under the disturbance of backlash and center distance. Taking the backlash, center distance variation and modification amount as independent variables and the transmission error fluctuation as dependent variables, the mapping relationship between the four factors was established by the Kriging model, Then, the law of the influence of the three variables on the transmission error fluctuation was analyzed, and the optimal modification amount after the backlash and center distance disturbance was obtained. The results showed that when the resistance moment is constant, the increase of modification amount and backlash value leads to the increase of transmission error fluctuation, while the increase of center distance reduces the transmission error fluctuation. Among the three variables, the transmission error fluctuation is the most sensitive to backlash, followed by modification amount and the change of center distance. The modified modification amount reduces the transmission error fluctuation by 2.4% and the contact force fluctuation by 14.9%.
Effect of Ru on the concentration distribution of elements and creep properties of nickel-based superalloy
Authors: Liang Shuang , Liu Zhixin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The effects of Ru on creep properties, microstructure and elemental concentration distribution of nickel..based single crystal superalloy containing without Ru and 2% Ru are studied by means of creep tests under high temperature, morphology observation after heat treatment and determination of elemental concentration distribution by atomic probe. The results show that Ru can inhibit the precipitation of TCP phase and improve the solid solubility of W element in the alloy and the creep life of the alloy at high temperature. At the same time, the addition of element Ru can make the alloy to produce “reverse distribution” effect, improve the alloying degree of γ’S phase and the effect of solution strength, which final significantly improve the high temperature creep rupture properties of the alloy containing Ru.
Optical memory architectures for fast routing address look-up (AL) table operation
Authors: Vagionas Christos , Tsakyridis Apostolos , Mourgias-Alexandris George , Pitris Stelios , Maniotis Pavlos , Pleros Nikos , Alexoudi Theoni 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Today, the increasing demand for fast routing processes has turned the address look-up (AL) operation into one of the main critical performance operations in modern optical networks, since it conventionally relies on slow-performing AL tables. Specifically, AL memory tables are comprised of content addressable memories (CAMs) for storing a known route of the forwarding information base of the router, and random access memories (RAMs) for storing the respective output port for this route. They thus allow for a one-cycle search operation of a packet’s destination address, yet they typically operate at speeds well below 1 GHz, in contrast with the vastly increasing optical line rates. In this paper, we present our overall vision towards light-based optical AL memory functionalities that may facilitate faster router AL operations, as the means to replace slow-performing electronic counterparts. In order to achieve this, we report on the development of a novel optical RAM cell architecture that performs for the first time with a speed of up to 10 Gb s−1, as well as our latest works on multi-bit 10 Gb s−1 optical CAM cell architectures. Specifically, the proposed optical RAM cell exploits a semiconductor optical amplifier-Mach–Zehnder interferometer in a push-pull configuration and deep saturation regime, doubling the speed of prior optical RAM cell configurations. Error-free write/read operation is demonstrated with a peak power penalty of 6.2 dB and 0.4 dB, respectively. Next, we present the recent progress on optical CAM cell architectures, starting with an experimental demonstration of a 2-bit optical CAM match-line architecture that achieves an exact bitwise search operation of an incoming 2-bit destination address at 10 Gb s−1, while the analysis is also extended to a numerical evaluation of a multi-cell 4-bit CAM-based row architecture with wavelength division multiplexed outputs for fast parallel memory operations at speeds of up to 4 × 20 Gb s−1. Finally, we present a comparative study between electronic and optical RAMs and CAMs in terms of energy and speed and discuss the further challenges towards our vision.
Premenopausal Use of Progestogens and Cutaneous Melanoma Risk: A French Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Cervenka Iris , Al Rahmoun Marie , Mahamat-Saleh Yahya , Boutron-Ruault Marie-Christine , Fournier Agnès , Kvaskoff Marina 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We investigated the influence of premenopausal use of progestogens on melanoma using data from E3N (Etude Epidémiologique Auprès de Femmes de l’Education Nationale), a prospective cohort of 98,995 French women, aged 40–65 years at inclusion. We used Cox models to adjust for age and melanoma risk factors. Over 1992–2008, 540 melanoma cases were ascertained among 79,558 women. We found a modest association between self-reported progestogen use and melanoma risk (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02, 1.47), which was reduced after adjustment for melanoma risk factors (HR = 1.15, 95% CI: 0.95, 1.39). There was no heterogeneity across types of progestogens (P = 0.22), and use of multiple progestogens was positively associated with melanoma risk (HR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.70). Among users, we found no relationship with duration of progestogen use, age at start and last use, and time since first and last use. Although our results did not show evidence of a confounding effect of sun exposure, progestogen users had lower levels of residential sun exposure and were more likely to report sunscreen use, suggesting specific sun exposure profiles in users. Our findings do not support a strong influence of progestogens on melanoma risk. Further research is needed to confirm these results.
Dynalogo: an interactive sequence logo with dynamic thresholding of matched quantitative proteomic data
Authors: Lafontaine Adam T , Mayer Bruce J , Machida Kazuya 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Summary
Current web-based sequence logo analyses for studying domain–peptide interactions are often conducted only on high affinity binders due to conservative data thresholding. We have developed Dynalogo, a combination of threshold varying tool and sequence logo generator written in the R statistical programming language, which allows on-the-fly visualization of binding specificity over a wide range of affinity interactions. Hence researchers can easily explore their dataset without the constraint of an arbitrary threshold. After importing quantitative data files, there are various data filtering and visualizing features available. Using a threshold control, users can easily track the dynamic change of enrichment and depletion of amino acid characters in the sequence logo panel. The built-in export function allows downloading filtered data and graphical outputs for further analyses. Dynalogo is optimized for analysis of modular domain–peptide binding experiments but the platform offers a broader application including quantitative proteomics.

Availability and implementation
Dynalogo application, user manual and sample data files are available at https://dynalogo.cam.uchc.edu. The source code is available at https://github.com/lafontaine-uchc/dynalogo.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
An improved encoding of genetic variation in a Burrows–Wheeler transform
Authors: Büchler Thomas , Ohlebusch Enno 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Motivation
In resequencing experiments, a high-throughput sequencer produces DNA-fragments (called reads) and each read is then mapped to the locus in a reference genome at which it fits best. Currently dominant read mappers are based on the Burrows–Wheeler transform (BWT). A read can be mapped correctly if it is similar enough to a substring of the reference genome. However, since the reference genome does not represent all known variations, read mapping tends to be biased towards the reference and mapping errors may thus occur. To cope with this problem, Huang et al. encoded single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a BWT by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) nucleotide code. In a different approach, Maciuca et al. provided a ‘natural encoding’ of SNPs and other genetic variations in a BWT. However, their encoding resulted in a significantly increased alphabet size (the modified alphabet can have millions of new symbols, which usually implies a loss of efficiency). Moreover, the two approaches do not handle all known kinds of variation.

Results
In this article, we propose a method that is able to encode many kinds of genetic variation (SNPs, multi-nucleotide polymorphisms, insertions or deletions, duplications, transpositions, inversions and copy-number variation) in a BWT. It takes the best of both worlds: SNPs are encoded by the IUPAC nucleotide code as in Huang et al. (2013, Short read alignment with populations of genomes. Bioinformatics, 29, i361–i370) and the encoding of the other kinds of genetic variation relies on the idea introduced in Maciuca et al. (2016, A natural encoding of genetic variation in a Burrows-Wheeler transform to enable mapping and genome inference. In: Proceedings of the 16th International Workshop on Algorithms in Bioinformatics, Volume 9838 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 222–233. Springer). In contrast to Maciuca et al., however, we use only one additional symbol. This symbol marks variant sites in a chromosome and delimits multiple variants, which are added at the end of the ‘marked chromosome’. We show how the backward search algorithm, which is used in BWT-based read mappers, can be modified in such a way that it can cope with the genetic variation encoded in the BWT. We implemented our method and compared it with BWBBLE and gramtools.

Availability and implementation
https://www.uni-ulm.de/in/theo/research/seqana/.
Ophthalmological findings in facioscapulohumeral dystrophy
Authors: Goselink Rianne J M , Schreur Vivian , van Kernebeek Caroline R , Padberg George W , van der Maarel Silvère M , van Engelen Baziel G M , Erasmus Corrie E , Theelen Thomas 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Ophthalmological abnormalities in facioscapulohumeral dystrophy may lead to treatable vision loss, facilitate diagnostics, could help unravelling the pathophysiology and serve as biomarkers. In this study, we provide a detailed description of the ophthalmological findings in a well-defined cohort of patients with facioscapulohumeral dystrophy using state of the art retina imaging techniques. Thirty-three genetically confirmed patients (aged 7–80 years) and 24 unrelated healthy controls (aged 6–68 years) underwent clinical ophthalmological examination, fundus photography, optical coherence tomography/angiography, genotyping and neurological examination. All patients had normal corrected visual acuity and normal intraocular pressure. In 27 of the 33 patients, weakness of the orbicularis oculi was observed. Central retinal pathology, only seen in patients and not in healthy controls, included twisting (tortuosity) of the retinal arteries in 25 of the 33 patients and retinal pigment epithelium defects in 4 of the 33 patients. Asymmetrical foveal hypoplasia was present in three patients, and exudative abnormalities were observed in one patient. There was a correlation between the severity of retinal tortuosity and the D4Z4 repeat array size (R2 = 0.44, P &lt; 0.005). Follow-up examination in a subgroup of six patients did not show any changes after 2 years. To conclude, retinal abnormalities were frequent but almost always subclinical in patients with facioscapulohumeral dystrophy and consisted primarily of arterial tortuosity and foveal abnormalities. Retinal tortuosity was seen in the retinal arterioles and correlated with the D4Z4 repeat array size, thereby providing clinical evidence for an underlying genetic linkage between the retina and facioscapulohumeral dystrophy.
Sperm allocation strategies in a sperm heteromorphic insect
Authors: Esfandi Kambiz , He Xiong Z , Wang Qiao 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTheories predict that in polyandrous species, the focal male should increase sperm allocation per mate in the presence of rivals to gain greater share of paternity, but in the presence of additional mates, he should reduce sperm allocation per mate to save sperm for insemination of more mates. However, empirical findings are often inconsistent and reasons behind are unclear. Furthermore, many studies use copulation duration as an estimate of the number of sperm transferred. Yet, empirical evidence for such assumption is largely lacking. Here, we used a sperm heteromorphic insect Ephestia kuehniella whose males produce two types of sperm, eupyrenes (fertile) and apyrenes (nonfertile), to test these postulations. We allowed focal males to detect chemical and acoustic but no tactile cues from rivals or additional mates both before and during mating and measured copulation duration and sperm allocation in successive copulations. We demonstrate that males transfer significantly more eupyrenes per mate in the presence of rivals and that the sperm allocation pattern persists in successive copulations under this condition. However, males do not adjust apyrene allocation in response to rivals probably because apyrenes play a relatively minor role in male reproductive success. Contrary to a previous study, focal males do not respond to additional mates most likely due to the lack of tactile cues in the present study. We reveal that sperm allocation is not a function of copulation duration in this insect for spermatophore formation and delivery occupy most of copulation duration and sperm transfer is complete near the end of copulation.
Correlation between specific groups of heterotrophic bacteria and microcystin biodegradation in freshwater bodies of central Europe
Authors: Dziga Dariusz , Kokociński Mikołaj , Barylski Jakub , Nowicki Grzegorz , Maksylewicz Anna , Antosiak Adam , Banaś Agnieszka Katarzyna , Strzałka Wojciech 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTMicrocystins produced by several toxic cyanobacterial strains constitute an important problem for public health. Bacterial degradation of these hepatotoxins may play an important role in natural ecosystems, however the nature of the process is very poorly understood. The aim of our study was to investigate the possible interactions between cyanotoxin producers and degraders. Samples collected from 24 water bodies in western Poland were analysed to determine the chemo-physical parameters, phytoplankton content, bacterial community structure and microcystin-biodegradation potency. A redundancy analysis identified a positive correlation between the capacity of a community to degrade microcystin LR (MC-LR) and temperature, pH, chlorophyll a concentration and the abundance of MC-producers. The relative abundance of classes F38, TM7-3 and the order WCHB1-81c (Actinobacteria) was significantly higher in the lakes with MC-biodegradation potency. Some specific bacterial genera belonging to Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes, Firmicutes and TM7 were closely correlated with the occurrence of Microcystis spp. Furthermore, the MC biodegradation process was connected with the same bacterial groups. Thus, our approach allowed us to provide a broader picture of some specific relations between microcystin producers and potential microcystin degraders. A more comprehensive analysis of the existing correlations may be helpful in our understanding of natural mechanisms of MC elimination using bacteria such as MC-degraders.
Effect of a fungus, Hypoxylon spp., on endophytes in the roots of Asparagus
Authors: Huang Guoshuai , Jin Qunying , Peng Huazheng , Zhu Tangjun , Ye Hualin 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
The fungal isolate Hypoxylon spp. (Sj18) was isolated from the root of pecan. It might have effects on the plant's stress tolerance and endophytic community. Inoculation experiments were carried out on the roots of Asparagus with normal and inactivated Sj18, and the diversity and community structure of endophytes in the root of inoculated Asparagus were studied. It was found that Sj18 fungi affected the endophytic community of Asparagus roots. From being a low-abundance genus, the salt-tolerant bacterium Halomonas became the dominant genus. In order to verify that Sj18 can improve salt tolerance, Arabidopsis thaliana was inoculated with Sj18 in a salt tolerance test. The result showed that A. thaliana grew better in a high salt environment after inoculation with Sj18. Sj18 changed the microbe diversity, community composition and structure of endophytes in the roots of Asparagus, which increased the bacterial diversity. A total of 16 phyla and 184 genera of bacteria were detected. However, the diversity of fungi decreased.
Genetically Increased Telomere Length and Aging-Related Traits in the U.K. Biobank
Authors: Demanelis Kathryn , Tong Lin , Pierce Brandon L 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Telomere length (TL) shortens over time in most human cell types and is a potential biomarker of aging. However, the causal association of TL on physical and cognitive traits that decline with age has not been extensively examined in middle-aged adults. Using a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, we utilized genetically increased TL (GI-TL) to estimate the impact of TL on aging-related traits among U.K. Biobank (UKB) participants (age 40–69 years). We manually curated 53 aging-related traits from the UKB and restricted to unrelated participants of British ancestry (n = 337,522). We estimated GI-TL as a linear combination of nine TL-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), each weighted by its previously-reported association with leukocyte TL. Regression models were used to assess the associations between GI-TL and each trait. We obtained MR estimates using the two-sample inverse variance weighted (IVW) approach. We identified six age-related traits associated with GI-TL (Bonferroni-corrected threshold p &lt; .001): pulse pressure (PP) (p = 5.2 × 10-14), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p = 2.9 × 10-15), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p = 5.5 × 10-6), hypertension (p = 5.5 × 10-11), forced expiratory volume (FEV1) (p = .0001), and forced vital capacity (FVC) (p = 3.8 × 10-6). Under MR assumptions, one standard deviation increase in TL (~1,200 base pairs) increased PP, SBP, and DBP by 1.5, 2.3, and 0.8 mmHg, respectively, while FEV1 and FVC increased by 34.7 and 52.2 mL, respectively. The observed associations appear unlikely to be due to selection bias based on analyses including inverse probability weights and analyses of simulated data. These findings suggest that longer TL increases pulmonary function and blood pressure traits among middle-aged UKB participants.