bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and implementation of real‐time wideband software‐defined radio applications with GPGPUs
Authors: Fisne Alparslan , Ozsoy Adnan 
Published: July 2018

SummaryWideband software‐defined radio (SDR) applications include data and time intensive operations such as wideband spectrum, signal detection, digital down conversion (DDC), and analog demodulation. Each of these processes need to be performed in order to produce the audio signal from the wideband signals. However, serial implementation of SDR applications do not provide necessary rate speed to obtain the sound and speech data in real time. In this work, we propose a real time SDR implementation using a heterogeneous architecture with CPUs and GPUs. To obtain the sound and speech data from the signals received and processed in SDR algorithms in real time, we also provide necessary optimizations. We test the proposed design using both single CPU core, multiple CPU cores, and GPUs. High performance is observed with our proposed algorithm in experimental tests. We also provide test results in a mobile setup where resources such as power and size are limited. For this purpose, we provide test results on NVIDIA Jetson GPUs and portable laptop CPUs. This work shows a proof of concept that the sound of a signal can be detected in the wideband spectrum and can be played back continuously in a real time with the help of the parallel programming suitable for low power consumption.
Symbolic analysis of electric networks with higher order summative cofactors and parameter decision diagrams
Authors: Lasota Sławomir 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe paper introduces the concept of higher order summative cofactors (HOSCs) to the circuit analysis. Although the concept is not new, it is not well known. In the paper, some mathematical background of HOSCs is presented. The further development of the concept of HOSC will yield computer implementation arithmetic of HOSC. A cancellation‐free symbolic analysis technique, which is based on HOSC arithmetic, is presented. This technique allows results to be created directly from a netlist in the form of a binary decision diagram, which is called a parameter decision diagram. Additionally, HOSC arithmetic allows the calculation to be started in many places (sometimes distant) simultaneously. The techniques of rolling up the already analyzed parts of a circuit, which is built into HOSC arithmetic, result in a novel multilevel hierarchical analysis method that is called hierarchical parameter decision diagram (HPDD). Unlike in most hierarchical methods, the results that are obtained based on the subcircuit representation in HPDD always maintain a cancellation‐free form. The HPDD always represents the sum of the product form, which is heavily compressed due to the self‐similarities of the actual circuit. The time that is required for any recalculation of the transfer functions is greatly reduced. Analysis of models that are based on pathological components is also a natural consequence of using HOSC arithmetic.
The role of right‐wing authoritarianism and political sophistication in shaping attitudes toward redistribution
Authors: Jedinger Alexander , Burger Axel M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractUsing data from the Austrian National Election Study (Study 1) and the American National Election Study (Study 2), this research investigated the role of right‐wing authoritarianism (RWA) in shaping attitudes toward governmental action related to the redistribution of wealth. We show that RWA is a relevant variable in explaining attitudes toward redistribution policies, and that the association between RWA and redistribution attitudes is moderated by political sophistication. RWA was associated with opposition to redistribution policies among individuals high in political sophistication, while among individuals low in political sophistication, RWA was either associated with support for redistribution policies (Study 1) or unrelated to redistribution attitudes (Study 2). Results suggest that exposure to the political discourse in a society affects how psychological needs and motives are related to preferences regarding the redistribution of wealth through the government.
Longitudinal variability of geomorphic response to floods
Authors: Sholtes Joel S. , Yochum Steven E. , Scott Julian A. , Bledsoe Brian P. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMorphodynamic response of channels and floodplains to flooding reflects interactions of erosive and resistive forces with sediment transport capacity and supply at multiple scales. Monotonic relationships between reach‐scale response to floods with independent variables such as flood stream power and channel confinement can be confounded by longitudinal variations in these variables at longer scales. In these cases, channel response depends on both local and upstream drivers. Using high resolution pre‐ and post‐flood digital elevation models, we calculate reach‐scale (0.5 to 1 km) and segment scale (10 km) longitudinal variations in channel widening and sediment balance. We relate these responses to longitudinal variations of unit stream power and channel confinement for selected streams impacted by the 2013 Colorado Front Range regional flood event. These streams transition from steep and relatively confined in the canyons of the foothills to less steep and unconfined on the high plains. The channel widening response is more closely linked with reach scale gradients in unit stream power: abrupt widening typically occurred within reaches where a large drop in unit stream power occurred relative to upstream. Sediment balance followed segment scale trends in unit stream power, exhibiting a net erosional trend within the foothills that switches to a net depositional trend within the transition to the plains. These findings indicate that unit stream power gradients mediate channel response at reach to segment scales. Predictive modeling of stream response to floods and fluvial hazards assessments that only consider absolute values of reach‐scale stream power may under‐estimate fluvial hazards in some settings by ignoring unit stream power gradients. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tropical heterothermy is “cool”: The expression of daily torpor and hibernation in primates
Authors: Blanco Marina B. , Dausmann Kathrin H. , Faherty Sheena L. , Yoder Anne D. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractLiving nonhuman primates generally inhabit tropical forests, and torpor is regarded as a strategy employed by cold‐adapted organisms. Yet, some primates employ daily torpor or hibernation (heterothermy) under obligatory, temporary, or emergency circumstances. Though heterothermy is present in most mammalian lineages, there are only three extant heterothermic primate lineages: bushbabies from Africa, lorises from Asia, and dwarf and mouse lemurs from Madagascar. Here, we analyze their phenotypes in the general context of tropical mammalian heterothermy. We focus on Malagasy lemurs as they have been the most intensively studied and also show an unmatched range of flexibility in their heterothermic responses. We discuss the evidence for whether heterothermy should be considered an ancestral or derived condition in primates. This consideration is particularly intriguing given that an understanding of the underlying mechanisms for hibernation in lemurs opens the possibility for insight into genotype‐phenotype interactions, including those with biomedical relevance for humans.
Phenomenological contribution to understanding of vocally disruptive behaviour: A clinical case study in a patient with dementia
Authors: Tible Olivier , Mendez Montserrat , von Gunten Armin 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundBehavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) cause great suffering in patients and their families. Phenomenology can help clarify the diagnosis and propose some new therapeutic responses using Daseinsanalyse. Separation issues understood using the phenomenological description of the melancholic type (MT) by Tellenbach may further shed light on our understanding of depression in dementia.Subject and MethodsIn a 90‐year‐old woman presenting with advanced (Clinical Dementia Rating 3) mixed dementia and BPSD in the form of vocally disruptive behaviour (VDB), we discuss separation anxiety as the aetiopathogenic hypothesis. Depression and BPSD were assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, Cornell scale, and Montgomery‐Åsberg Depression Rating Scale to confirm our second phenomenological diagnostic hypothesis, ie, melancholy. The Big Five Inventory scale filled in by a proxy was also used to evaluate the patient's premorbid personality. We then propose an explanatory frame of VDB and depression through the standard phenomenological assessment of its relation to time, space, self, and other.ResultsConfirming MT, we found an inhibited temperament and low openness to experience in the patient, as well as a symbiotic relationship with a close relative (the other).ConclusionSeparation anxiety may well explain the patient's MT expressed by VDB. Melancholic type and her symbiotic relationship led to a situation unbearable to the patient and her close relative unable to delegate care to a specialized team.Running HeadPhenomenology in vocally disruptive behaviour in dementia. We have found new explanations in similar clinical cases in dementia as follows. A patient presenting with vocally disruptive behaviour has a melancholic type, a behavioural‐inhibited temperament, and marital violence in the past. Phenomenology may help explain this profile with neurobiological disorders. The life trajectory, from childhood into older age, must be taken into account to understand behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia.
Functional cerebral asymmetry analyses reveal how the control system implements its flexibility
Authors: Chen Zhencai , Zhao Xiaoyue , Fan Jin , Chen Antao 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe control system in human brain generally exerts the goal‐directed regulation on a variety of mental processes. To deal with different control demands, these brain areas of the control system, especially the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), may be flexibly recruited across different tasks. However, few studies have investigated how the flexibility of the control system is realized during cognitive control. Present study employed functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the brain responses during two domain distinct conflict tasks (verbal color‐word Stroop and visuospatial arrow flanker). The voxel‐wise asymmetries in both functional activity and psychophysiological interaction (PPI) between these two tasks were compared. The results showed that the brain areas of control system were consistently activated in these two tasks. When considering functional cerebral asymmetries, the left DLPFC was dominantly activated during the Stroop task, while more symmetric DLPFC activation was found during the flanker task. The left DLPFC rather than the right DLPFC showed greater positive interaction with the visual areas V1 and V2 during the Stroop interference, but interactions of both the left and right DLPFC with the right visual area V5/MT were positively enhanced during the flanker interference. These results suggest that the flexible cognitive control is achieved by the control system's task‐specific activity and its top–down interaction with domain‐specific brain areas, in implementing flexible representation and modulation of control demands.
The impact of waiting time on patient outcomes: Evidence from early intervention in psychosis services in England
Authors: Reichert Anika , Jacobs Rowena 
Published: July 2018

AbstractRecently, new emphasis was put on reducing waiting times in mental health services as there is an ongoing concern that longer waiting time for treatment leads to poorer health outcomes. However, little is known about delays within the mental health service system and its impact on patients. We explore the impact of waiting times on patient outcomes in the context of early intervention in psychosis (EIP) services in England from April 2012 to March 2015. We use the Mental Health Services Data Set and the routine outcome measure the Health of the Nation Outcome Scale. In a generalised linear regression model, we control for baseline outcomes, previous service use, and treatment intensity to account for possible endogeneity in waiting time. We find that longer waiting time is significantly associated with a deterioration in patient outcomes 12 months after acceptance for treatment for patients that are still in EIP care. Effects are strongest for waiting times longer than 3 months, and effect sizes are small to moderate. Patients with shorter treatment periods are not affected. The results suggest that policies should aim to reduce excessively long waits in order to improve outcomes for patients waiting for treatment for psychosis.
Oscillatory natural convection of water‐glycerin mixture in a tall rectangular cavity: Transition to the chaos
Authors: Al‐Rashed Abdullah A.A.A. , Hassen Walid , Aich Walid , Kolsi Lioua , Ayadi Badreddine , Borjini Mohamed Naceur 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis paper presents results of a numerical investigation involving bifurcation sequence leading to chaos in natural convection inside a vertically tall rectangular cavity having an aspect ratio equal to 15 and a Prandtl number equal to 125, corresponding to water‐glycerin mixture. The flow is characterized by a vertical stratification of the temperature field for Grashof numbers greater than or equal to 200 that is outside the conduction regime and it is stationary monocellular up to a critical value Grc = 2800 where a periodic oscillatory regime appears. As Grashof number is increased, a transition from a steady periodic bicellular flow to an oscillatory multicellular flow, with 2 main central cells and 2 secondary cells, occurs. The regime remains periodic until Gr = 3100 where there is a first appearance of the chaotic regime which extends over a narrow interval of the Grashof number delimited by Gr = 3200.
Inhibition effects of pesticides on glutathione‐S‐transferase enzyme activity of Van Lake fish liver
Authors: Özaslan Muhammet Serhat , Demir Yeliz , Aksoy Mine , Küfrevioğlu Ömer Irfan , Beydemir Şükrü 
Published: July 2018

AbstractGlutathione‐S‐transferases (GSTs) have a function in xenobiotic metabolism. They are a significant multifunctional family with a wide variety of catalytic activities. In the current study, we determined in vitro inhibition effects of 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid dimethylamine salt (2,4‐D DMA), haloxyfop‐P‐methyl, glyphosate isopropylamine, dichlorvos, and λ‐cyhalothrin on purified GST. For this purpose, GST were purified from Van Lake fish (Chalcalburnus tarichii Pallas) liver with 29.25 EU mg−1 specific activity and 10.76% yield using GSH–agarose affinity chromatographic method. The pesticides were tested at various concentrations on in vitro GST activity. Ki constants were calculated as 0.17 ± 0.01, 0.25 ± 0.05, 3.72 ± 0.32, 0.42 ± 0.06, and 0.025 ± 0.004 mM, for 2,4‐D DMA, haloxyfop‐P‐methyl, glyphosate isopropylamine, dichlorvos, and λ‐cyhalothrin, respectively. λ‐Cyhalothrin showed a better inhibitory effect compared to the other pesticides. The inhibition mechanisms of λ‐cyhalothrin were competitive, while the other pesticides were noncompetitive.
Protein kinase CK2 modulation of pyruvate kinase M isoforms augments the Warburg effect in cancer cells
Authors: Yang Kyung Mi , Kim Kunhong 
Published: July 2018

AbstractProtein kinase CK2 is active in cancer cells. Previously, we reported that increased CK2 activity could induce epithelial mesenchymal transition of cancer cells. CK2 also induced epithelial mesenchymal transition in colon cancer cell lines such as HT29 and SW620, and the transitioned cells (CK2α cells) became more proliferative than the controls. We assumed that CK2 could affect cancer cell growth by modulating their energy metabolism. Here, we examined the molecular effects of CK2 on the glucose metabolism of cancer cells. We found that CK2α cells consumed more glucose and produced more lactate than control cells did. An XF glycolysis stress test showed that aerobic glycolysis was augmented up to the cancer cell’s maximal glycolytic capacity in CK2α cells. Molecular analysis revealed that pyruvate kinase M1 was downregulated and pyruvate kinase M2 was nuclear localized in CK2α cells. Consequently, the expression and activity of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) were upregulated. Treatment with FX11—a specific LDHA inhibitor—or clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)‐mediated knockout of LDHA inhibited the CK2‐driven proliferation of cancer cells. We conclude that CK2 augments the Warburg effect, resulting in increased proliferation of cancer cells.
The vividness of imagining emotional feelings in positive situations is attenuated in non‐clinical dysphoria and predicts the experience of positive emotional feelings
Authors: Tiba Alexandru I. , Manea Laura 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe vividness of imagining emotional feelings in positive situations (EFP) in non‐clinically dysphoric and non‐dysphoric individuals and its relation to dysphoric and positive feelings was examined.MethodParticipants were university students in Study 1 (N = 106, 84 women; 18–45 years), in Study 2 (N = 43, 39 women; 20–47 years), in Study 3 (N = 109, 92 women; 18–50 years) who filled out a set of questionnaires assessing depressive symptoms, cognition measures, and then completed an affective imagery task, using a cross‐sectional design.ResultsNon‐clinically dysphoric participants imagined less vividly EFP than non‐dysphoric participants. The vividness of imagining EFP accounted for group differences in positive feelings beyond positive and negative cognition and negative mood.ConclusionsIn addition to deficits in the general imagery of positive events, the attenuation of vividness of EFP in non‐clinical dysphoric individuals warrants attention as a separate pathway by which non‐clinically dysphoric individuals develop deficiencies of conscious positive feelings.
Conceptual Growth in Engineering Practice
Authors: Bornasal Floraliza , Brown Shane , Perova‐Mello Natasha , Beddoes Kacey 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundConcepts are defined generally as fundamental principles or global understandings specific to a field of expertise. Theories of situated cognition suggest that concepts may not have uniform meaning or representation in a particular social setting.Purpose/HypothesisThe goal of this study was to investigate the process by which practicing engineers come to understand and use concepts in the context of their work.Design/MethodA researcher conducted ethnographic fieldwork at a private consulting engineering firm. Data sources included (a) field notes obtained via participant observation, (b) transcripts from interviews, and (c) artifacts collected on site.ResultsFive emergent themes from the data are presented: (1) engineers identify constraints before they apply concepts, (2) engineers address project constraints by contextualizing abstract features of concepts, (3) engineers expand individual understanding of the concept by engaging in social negotiation of meaning, (4) concepts have multiple representations in engineering practice, and (5) engineers use material resources to efficiently address complex processes and problems associated with engineering concepts. These themes were analyzed using situative perspective to develop a model of conceptual growth in engineering practice.ConclusionsFindings suggest that student learning experiences should deliberately highlight the role of engineering concepts in the often ill‐structured engineering problems present in authentic engineering work. Specific suggestions for incorporating the model into engineering education are offered as are directions for future research.
Influence of freezing on the bioaccessibility of beetroot (Beta vulgaris) bioactive compounds during in vitro gastric digestion
Authors: Dalmau Maria Esperanza , Llabrés Pedro Juan , Eim Valeria S , Rosselló Carmen , Simal Susana 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe effect of freezing (in liquid nitrogen at −196 °C , at −80 °C and at −20 °C) on the food matrix structure and the consequent effect on the bioaccessibility of total polyphenol content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA) of beetroot was investigated by an in vitro digestion method. The in vitro digestion involved incubation in simulated saliva followed by incubation in simulated gastric juice. Bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds was evaluated by measuring the TPC and the AA during in vitro digestion in both the beetroot matrix and the gastric juice.ResultsRelease of TPC and AA of beetroot was higher in frozen samples (55 ± 5% for TPC and 68 ± 5% for AA) than in the fresh beetroot sample (∼46% for TPC and ∼53% for AA). The mass transfer kinetics were described by using a Weibull model with mean relative errors lower than 8.5% contributing to a better understanding of the influence of freezing on the bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds.ConclusionsFrom the treatments tested in this study, freezing with liquid nitrogen resulted in the greatest increase in bioaccessibility of the antioxidant and phenolic compounds of beetroots. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Determination of the softening point of rosin by a simple and automated headspace gas chromatographic technique
Authors: Dai Yi , Yu Zhen‐Hua , Zhan Jian‐Bo , Yue Bao‐Shan , Xie Jiao , Wang Hao , Chai Xin‐Sheng 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe report a simple and automated headspace gas chromatographic technique for the determination of the softening point of rosin. A lumpy solid of rosin is added into a headspace vial, then an automated stepwise temperature ramping and headspace sampling was performed at each temperature stage and gas chromatography measurement. By plotting the gas chromatography signal for an impurity in rosin versus the temperature, a transition point (corresponding to the rosin softening point) was determined. The results show that the present method has a good precision (<0.76%), and good accuracy (the relative differences compared to the ring and ball method was <4.0%). The present method is simple, accurate, and automated. It is practical and suitable for testing the softening of rosin and derivatives in mills.
Simultaneous determination of total homocysteine, cysteine, glutathione, and N‐acetylcysteine in brain homogenates by HPLC
Authors: Kamińska Adrianna , Olejarz Patrycja , Borowczyk Kamila , Głowacki Rafał , Chwatko Grażyna 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe have developed a simple, fast, accurate, and cheap method for the simultaneous determination of total cysteine, homocysteine, glutathione, and N‐acetylcysteine in brain homogenates based on the reduction of disulfide bonds by tris(2‐carboxyethyl) phosphine, pre‐column derivatization of free thiol groups with 2‐chloro‐1‐methylquinolinium tetrafluoroborate followed by ion‐pair reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography separation with ultraviolet detection. The separation of thiol derivatives was achieved in 10 min. Linearity was observed in the range of 10–300, 0.7–10, 2–30, and 3–20 μmol/L homogenate with a limit of detection of 3.7, 0.2, 0.8, and 1.2 μmol/L homogenate for cysteine, homocysteine, glutathione, and N‐acetylcysteine, respectively. The precision, calculated as relative standard deviation, was in the range of 1.21–4.77, 1.53–14.35, 0.47–1.92, and 1.61–8.95% for cysteine, homocysteine, glutathione, and N‐acetylcysteine, respectively. The presented method was successfully applied to the selective determination of total amino thiols in pig brain tissue samples.