bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Battery‐Type Desalination Behavior Confined Within Capsules for Efficient Capacitive Deionization
Authors: Liu Liyan , You Shaojie , Liu Haoyang , Ding Zhengxin , Yuan Rusheng , Long Jinlin , Xu Chao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBattery‐type faradaic materials are considered a class of promising electrodes for capacitive deionization (CDI) due to their superior ability to store ions through redox reactions. However, the desalination potential of such electrode materials has not been fully explored subject to the accessibility, conductivity, stability, etc. Herein, embedded battery material Ag nanoparticles is designed in capsule‐structural units composed of graphene and constructed freestanding composite electrodes for CDI. Particularly, these Ag nanoparticles confined in interconnected graphene capsules can be both efficiently accessed by the electrolyte and rationally protected by the capsule networks, significantly unlocking their potential as desalination materials. Impressively, the optimized Ag‐involved anodes can achieve an ultrahigh NaCl desalination capacity of ≈360 mg g−1 (≈218 mg g−1 for Cl−) at 1.4 V and exhibit good cycling stability. Moreover, the as‐designed anodes also have very competitive desalination capacities for other anions, such as SO2‐ 4 (≈90 mg g−1) and CrO2‐ 4 (≈77 mg g−1), suggesting the broad applicability of such Ag‐involved electrodes. This work shows that the ingenious introduction of space‐confined structures is an effective means of unlocking the desalination potential of Ag‐based materials, opening up alternative avenues for the development of other high‐performance battery‐type desalination electrodes.
Cell membrane and extracellular vesicle membrane‐coated nanoparticles: An envisaged approach for the management of skin conditions
Authors: Macário‐Soares Ana , Sousa‐Oliveira Inês , Correia Mafalda , Pires Patrícia C. , Sharma Ankur , Kumar Jha Niraj , Zare Ehsan Nazarzadeh , Veiga Francisco , Gowda Benachakal Honnegowda Jaswanth , Borzacchiello Assunta , Sethi Gautam , Makvandi Pooyan , Paiva‐Santos Ana Cláudia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCell membrane‐coated biomimetic nanosystems have been recognized as promising drug delivery vehicles in recent years for the management of diverse skin conditions. Nanoparticles (NPs) coated with biomembranes, derived from either cell membranes or subcellular structures (e.g., extracellular vesicles), offer an opportunity to combine the biological interfacial characteristics of the coating alongside with the internal core component at the nanoscale. The biomimetic coating enhances the biocompatibility of NPs and their interaction with the skin, improving skin affinity, contact, and retention. This coating also enables the controlled release of drugs and provides skin‐targeting capabilities, which collectively improve the effectiveness, safety, and stability of topical and transdermal formulations. In this context, the current review delves into the recent progress in using biomimetic NPs for skin therapeutics. Specifically, it examines the various types of coatings, including their origins, heterogeneous functions, and surface molecular repertoires, in great detail. Additionally, this review presents the methods of preparing and characterizing biomimetic‐coated NPs. Furthermore, the potential of bioinspired NPs in treating a range of skin‐related conditions has been meticulously explored. Last, the toxicological aspects of these NPs have been thoroughly examined to provide a thorough summary of the evolution of biomimetic‐coated nanosystems for skin applications.
Molecular Detection of Ehrlichia ruminantium in Cattle From Different Agro‐Ecological Zones of Cameroon: Implication for the Understanding of the Heartwater Epidemiology
Authors: Yangea Tchounkeu Esthelline , Assongo Silatsa Barberine , Ndefo Kamga Rolin Mitterran , Soubgwi Fogue Pythagore , Simo Gustave 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAlthough Amblyomma variegatum and Ehrlichia ruminantium infections have been reported in cattle from some agro‐ecological zones (AEZs) of Cameroon, the transmission patterns of this bacterium seem to vary according to endemic areas and its prevalence as well as that of Heartwater remains not well understood in most sub‐Saharan African countries. This study was designed to detect E. ruminantium infections in cattle of four AEZs of Cameroon and to identify areas presenting enzootic stability and those with potentially high risk for Heartwater. Blood samples were collected from cattle in four AEZs of Cameroon. DNA was extracted from blood and semi‐nested PCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene of E. ruminantium was used to search for this bacterium. From 569 cattle analysed, an E. ruminantium DNA fragment was detected in 197 of them, giving an overall prevalence of 34.6%. The highest prevalence of E. ruminantium of 48.0% was recorded in cattle from AEZ IV and the lowest (26.0%) in those from AEZ III. Among the AEZs, significant differences (X2 = 14.85, p = 0.002) were recorded in terms of the prevalence of E. ruminantium infections. Villages of the westerly areas are at higher risk for E. ruminantium infections. This study revealed a high prevalence and a wide distribution of E. ruminantium infections in AEZs of Cameroon. It enabled the identification of areas showing an enzootic stability for E. ruminantium transmission as well as those where the transmission of this bacterium is low and where livestock are at higher risk of developing Heartwater.
Effects of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) Essential Oil on Bacterial Growth and Expression of Some Virulence Genes in Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis
Authors: Hassanzadeh Mohammad , Mirzaie Sara , Pirmahalle Faezeh Rahimi , Yahyaraeyat Ramak , Razmyar Jamshid 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe investigation on natural antimicrobial compounds against zoonotic pathogens has gained more attention due to the public health concerns regarding the emergence of antimicrobial resistance.ObjectivesThe current study aimed to assess the effects of thyme essential oil at sub‐minimal inhibitory concentrations (sub‐MICs) on bacterial growth and expression of some virulence genes in Salmonella enteritidis.MethodsThe bacterial growth rate and the expression of four virulence genes in S. enteritidis during 18–72 h of exposure to the essential oil at 25%–75% MIC were evaluated via colony counting and real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively.ResultsSub‐inhibitory concentrations of thyme essential oil significantly reduced the growth rate compared to the control. Expression of all tested virulence genes was also reduced by the essential oil in a significant dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. As an example, decreased down‐regulation of hilA, spv, sefA and invA as 1.7‐, 4.14‐, 2.92‐ and 1.04‐fold in 25% MIC and 6.42‐, 7.81‐, 4.4‐ and 3.75‐fold in 75% MIC was observed, respectively, after 24 h of incubation. Likewise, levels of transcription for hilA, spv, sefA and invA were reduced 4.75‐, 6.95‐, 3.75‐ and 2.98‐fold after 18 h and 9.54‐, 8.81‐, 5.65‐ and 4.77‐fold, respectively, after 72 h in 75% MIC compared to the control.ConclusionsAccording to our data, aside from the growth inhibitory effect of thyme essential oil, the results of current study highlight the potential of thyme for reducing the transcriptional level of virulence genes and therefore the pathogenicity of S. enteritidis.
Seroprevalence of Avian Influenza in Guinea Fowls in Some Districts in the Upper East Region of Ghana
Authors: Tweneboah Albert Agyapong , Johnson Sherry Ama Mawuko , Amponsah Patrick Mensah , Asare Derrick Adu , Emikpe Benjamin Obukowho 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) holds significant agricultural importance in Ghana, particularly in the Northern, Upper East and Upper West Regions. Despite their economic and cultural significance, guinea fowls face a potential threat from avian influenza, a global concern for its adverse impact on poultry populations. This study assessed the seroprevalence of the virus in mature guinea fowls in the Upper East Region. A cross‐sectional survey was conducted in three districts within the Upper East Region from April to June 2023. Blood samples were collected from 397 guinea fowls that are over 4 weeks old, and seroprevalence was determined using ID Screen Influenza A Antibody Competition Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The study analysed demographic factors such as sex, age and source of birds, employing statistical methods to establish associations. Among the sampled guinea fowls, 24.7% tested positive for avian influenza antibodies, whereas 75.3% were seronegative. Age did not show statistically significant associations with seroprevalence, but intriguing patterns were observed. Adult guinea fowls exhibited higher seroprevalence (23.7%) compared to growers (1.0%). The source of birds showed no significant association, but birds from slaughter points demonstrated higher seroprevalence (11.6%) compared to households (5.0%) and live bird markets (8.1%). In conclusion, the study underscores the importance of monitoring avian influenza in guinea fowls to implement effective control measures. The presence of antibodies suggests guinea fowls may contribute to virus transmission in the Upper East Region. The study recommends ongoing nationwide surveillance to assess the true prevalence of avian influenza in guinea fowls across Ghana.
India's response to the Myanmar crisis: A reluctant neighbor
Authors: Khashimwo Pamreihor 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis article examines India's response to the crisis in Myanmar, which political turmoil, human rights violations, and refugee influxes have characterized. The crisis has posed significant challenges for neighboring countries, particularly India, due to its geographical proximity and historical ties. The primary objective is to examine India's response to the Myanmar crisis, focusing on the complexities and nuances that have shaped its approach. The study analyzes India's policies, diplomatic engagements, and domestic considerations, highlighting the factors contributing to its reluctance to adopt a strong stand on the crisis. By evaluating India's response, the article aims to provide insights into the regional dynamics and the implications for India and Myanmar.
Der prognostische Stellenwert der Körperzusammensetzung („body composition“) in der onkologischen Viszeralchirurgie
Authors: Elhabash Saleem , Langhammer Nils , Fetzner Ulrich Klaus , Kröger Jan-Robert , Dimopoulos Ioannis , Begum Nehara , Borggrefe Jan , Gerdes Berthold , Surov Alexey 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung
Das Screening des Ernährungsstatus spielt eine entscheidende Rolle im perioperativen Management von Krebspatienten und ist im Rahmen der Zertifizierungsvorgaben von Krebszentren durch die Deutsche Krebsgesellschaft (DKG) vorgeschrieben. Die verfügbaren Screening-Tools unterscheiden nicht zwischen Muskel- und Fettgewebe. Die Fortschritte der Computertomographie (CT) und der Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) wie auch die automatisierte PACS(„picture archiving communication system“)-getriggerte Bildanalyse erlauben in den letzten Jahren erstmals eine detaillierte Analyse des Fettgewebes und der Muskelqualität in der klinischen Routine. Es gibt eine rasch zunehmende Evidenz dafür, dass die Parameter der Körperzusammensetzung („body composition“), insbesondere die reduzierte Muskelmasse, mit einem negativen Einfluss auf das „overall survival“, die Chemotherapietoxizität und chirurgische Komplikationen bei Tumorpatienten assoziiert sind. In diesem Artikel fassen wir die aktuelle Literatur zusammen und stellen damit den klinischen Einfluss der „body composition“ bei viszeralonkologischen Erkrankungen dar.
Assessment of gamified mixed reality environments for upper limb robotic rehabilitation: pilot study on healthy adults
Authors: Garcia-Hernandez N. , Buccelli S. , De Angelis A. , Taglione E. , Laffranchi M. , De Michieli L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractExoskeletons for rehabilitation have the potential to aid movement and promote intensive, task-oriented, and personalized motor training. However, robotic-assisted training and user experience could be further improve by including Mixed Reality Environments (MREs) and using a gamification approach. This paper presents the design and evaluation of a MR solution based on Microsoft Hololens 2 for robot-assisted bilateral shoulder training. It is based on gamified MREs designed to guide and encourage bilateral synchronous and asynchronous movements of the upper extremities while a 6 Degrees of Freedom (DOF) exoskeleton (FLOAT) provides motor assistance only to the impared limb. The robotic-assisted bimanual tasks involve the use of rehabilitative tools (such as a dowel rod), as a means to interact with the virtual world and to enable the intact limb guide and control the motions of the disable limb. The gamified MR training solution generates meaningful performance metrics from the kinematic analysis of hands movement, captured by Hololens. The subjective evaluation of the gamified MR solution focused on usability, cognitive load, and user experience. Meanwhile, the objective evaluation encompassed the analysis of the robot-assisted movements with and without gamified MREs, a comparative analysis between metrics obtained from Hololens and Vicon data, and the collection of reference data and trajectories. There were twenty-one healthy adults involved in the evaluation of the system. The results with the gamified MREs highlight excellent system usability, low cognitive load, and high user experience. Additionally, integrating gamified MREs into robot-assisted movements enhances shoulder movements. Data collection with Hololens demonstrated to be reliable and consistent. Furthermore, the normal reference values, paths, and velocity profiles obtained from healthy individuals offer a foundation for assessing the performance of individuals with disabilities. In summary, the introduction of gamified MREs for robot-assisted bilateral shoulder movements marks a significant and promising advancement in rehabilitation technology.
Latent periodicity in epilepsy
Authors: Baud Maxime O. , Rao Vikram R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEvidence collected from trials of chronic electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings has shown that a cyclical organization of seizures and interictal epileptiform activity is widespread among patients with focal epilepsy. Yet, seizures reported by patients themselves or their family do not always exhibit such regularity. In this review, we discuss various reasons explaining the apparent discrepancy between continuous EEG data and patient-reported seizures.
Common equivalence and size of forgetting from Horn formulae
Authors: Liberatore Paolo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractForgetting variables from a propositional formula may increase its size. Introducing new variables is a way to shorten it. Both operations can be expressed in terms of common equivalence, a weakened version of equivalence. In turn, common equivalence can be expressed in terms of forgetting. An algorithm for forgetting and checking common equivalence in polynomial space is given for the Horn case; it is polynomial-time for the subclass of single-head formulae. Minimizing after forgetting is polynomial-time if the formula is also acyclic and variables cannot be introduced, NP-hard when they can.
Psychosocial Consequences of Sexual Assault on Women: A Scoping Review
Authors: Serrano-Rodríguez Ester , Luque-Ribelles Violeta , Hervías-Parejo Vanesa 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Women are at a higher risk of sexual assault, partly due to societal sexism. This scoping review addresses the question: What is known about the psychosocial consequences of sexual assault on women? To understand these impacts, various studies were reviewed. Searches were conducted in Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, PsycArticles, and PsycINFO between April and May 2022. The methodology followed Arksey and O’Malley’s (2005) framework. PRISMA guidelines were used for screening and the Scoping Reviews Checklist was employed to ensure the quality of the review process. As a result, 1744 studies were identified, and 21 were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, with publication years ranging from 1997 to 2021. The total sample of women analyzed across these studies was 20,071 (M = 955.76; σ = 2236.53). These 21 studies examined the psychosocial consequences of sexual assault on women's lives. The primary psychosocial outcomes identified were depressive symptoms (n = 13), anxiety symptoms (n = 11), post-traumatic stress disorder (n = 11), alcohol dependence (n = 6), and sleep disorders (n = 3). In conclusion, this review enhances our understanding of the effects of sexual assault on women and identifies areas for future research to further understand and address this phenomenon. This work can ultimately guide efforts to improve the well-being of survivors.
Using Bifactor Twin Modeling to Assess the Genetic and Environmental Dimensionality of Adult ADHD Symptoms
Authors: Knyspel Jacob , Morneau-Vaillancourt Geneviève , Eley Thalia C. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common and heritable neurodevelopmental condition that has been the subject of a wealth of genetics research. Because ADHD has an early age of onset, most of this work has focused on children, meaning that less is known about the genetics of ADHD in adults. Additionally, while much research has assessed the heritability of ADHD as a general dimension, less has assessed the heritability of individual subtypes (inattention, hyperactivity) or symptoms of ADHD. It therefore remains unclear whether the genetic factors underlying ADHD symptoms conform to a unidimensional or multidimensional structure. The aim of this study was to assess the genetic and environmental dimensionality of adult ADHD symptoms. We analyzed data from 10,454 twins of the Twins Early Development Study, who provided self-reports of ADHD symptoms using the Conners scale at age 21 years. The data conformed well to a psychometric bifactor model, providing support for a general dimension of ADHD in addition to secondary dimensions for inattention and hyperactivity. However, a bifactor independent pathway twin model provided support for a general dimension only at the level of non-shared environmental effects and not additive genetic or shared environmental effects. This suggests that symptoms of ADHD cluster together under a general dimension of non-shared environmental effects, although the two subtypes of ADHD (inattention and hyperactivity) are meaningfully genetically distinct. We found the overall heritability of ADHD to be 40%, comparable with previous estimates for adult ADHD symptoms. Our results provide useful insights into the genetic and environmental architecture of specific ADHD symptoms.
An Experimental Investigation of the
Relationship Between Emotion Regulation Flexibility, Negative Affect and Posttraumatic
Stress Disorder
Authors: Lim Madeleine , Nickerson Angela , Specker Philippa 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Emerging research investigating mechanisms underpinning PTSD has
identified emotion regulation (ER) flexibility – the ability to flexibly
use ER strategies according to contextual demands – as one promising
mechanism. To date, however, no study has investigated whether brief training in
ER flexibility can minimise negative affect elicited from evocative stimuli.
This study investigated the impact of instructed ER flexibility on emotional
responding in probable PTSD.

Methods
Participants (N = 148) viewed images that differed in negative
emotional intensity (high or low). For each image, participants followed
instructions to adopt either a flexible or inflexible ER approach through
randomisation to either an ER flexible
condition or one of three control conditions (Inflexible
Reappraisal, Inflexible
Distraction, Context
Insensitive). In the ER
Flexible condition, participants were instructed to switch
between distraction and reappraisal according to the emotional intensity of the
image. The control conditions required participants to either employ a single ER
strategy (Inflexible Distraction and
Inflexible Reappraisal) or switch between
strategies in a way that did not align with image intensity (Context Insensitive). Negative affect was rated
after each image.

Results
Participants with probable PTSD in the ER
Flexible condition demonstrated the lowest levels of negative
affect. For participants without probable PTSD, negative affect did not differ
between the ER conditions.

Conclusions
Findings suggest that individuals with probable PTSD benefitted from
being instructed in ER flexibility. This finding supports the adaptiveness of ER
flexibility and provides a preliminary temporal link between instructed ER
flexibility and improved emotional responding for those with PTSD.
The impact of agricultural insurance on farmers’ mental health: what we can learn from the literature
Authors: Rana Rezwanul Hasan , Adeyinka Adewuyi Ayodele , Mushtaq Shahbaz , Barratt Jonathan , Alam Khorshed 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis systematic review aimed to examine evidence in the extant literature on the nexus between agricultural insurance and the mental health of farmers. The key hypothesis was that increasing access to agricultural insurance will enhance the mental and emotional well-being of farmers globally and will consequently preserve the future of agriculture, particularly as climate change exacerbates weather risk. A systematic review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. We searched several databases, including EBSCOHost Megafile, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed (Medline) and Google Scholar, based on predetermined criteria in July 2024. We conducted a full-text review of twelve potential articles. None of the articles met the inclusion criteria and reported a clear understanding of the relationship between access to agricultural insurance and the mental health nexus. We concluded that there is no evidence to support the hypothesis that access to agricultural insurance has a positive impact on farmer’s mental health. Our hypothesis is premised on the fact that while agricultural insurance smoothens farmers’ income, this should lead to some forms of mental health advantage, but we do not have any evidence in extant literature. The lack of literature is perhaps due to the complexity of the agricultural insurance product design. We recommend studies that will provide reliably conclusive evidence on this critical issue because agriculture requires risk management tools to help farmers cope with multidimensional risks, including exacerbated weather events due to climate change.