bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Se llevaron el padre de mis hijos’: Latina mothers coping with the deportation of their partner
Authors: Escobar Jessica , Falconier Mariana , Muruthi Bertranna 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn recent years, Latinos in the U.S. have been significantly impacted by increasing deportation rates. This study aimed to explore the experiences of Latina women whose partners were deported and how women managed these events guided by the Double ABCX Model of Family Stress. Qualitative semi‐structured interviews were administered to a community sample of 8 Latina women from the greater D.C. metropolitan area whose partners had been deported between 1 and 10 years ago. All women had at least one child under the age of 18 years living in the home at the time of the deportation. Data were analyzed using Thematic Analysis. Findings suggest that despite facing numerous stressors, women rely on various resources to overcome consequences resulting from their partner's deportation including religious resources, family and friends, and social service agencies. Implications for clinical practice and recommendations for future research are discussed.Practitioner points

Women in the current study took steps to seek formal sources of support despite the fact that many had unauthorized legal status

Clinicians or service providers can partner with local churches in the immigrant community to provide support and resources for this population

Clinicians can help parents with age appropriate ways of telling children that a family member has been deported

对实务工作者的启示“他们带走了孩子他爸”：伴侣被驱逐出境之后的拉丁裔母亲

本研究中的妇女采取措施寻求官方的支持来源，尽管许多人并不具有合法身份

临床医生或服务提供者可以与移民社区的当地教会合作，为这一群体提供支持和资源

临床医生可以帮助父母采用适合孩子年龄段的方式告诉孩子家人被驱逐出境

Puntos de implicación práctica

Las mujeres en el estudio tomaron medidas para buscar fuentes formales de apoyo a pesar del hecho de que muchas tenían un estatus legal no autorizado

Los clínicos o proveedores de servicios podrían asociarse con las iglesias locales en la comunidad de inmigrantes para brindar apoyo y recursos a esta población

Los clínicos pueden ayudar a los padres, con formas apropiadas para la edad, en la labor de decirle a los niños que un miembro de su familia ha sido deportado
Privileges and penalties in the legal profession: an intersectional analysis of career progression
Authors: Tomlinson Jennifer , Valizade Danat , Muzio Daniel , Charlwood Andy , Aulakh Sundeep 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIntersectionality theory is concerned with integrating social characteristics to better understanding complex human relations and inequalities in organizations and societies (McCall 2005). Recently, intersectionality research has taken a categorical and quantitative turn as scholars critically adopt but retain existing social categories to explain differences in labour market outcomes. A key contention is that social categories carry penalties or privileges and their intersection promotes or hinders the life chances of particular groups and individuals. An emergent debate is whether the intersection of disadvantaged characteristics (such as female gender or minority ethnic status) produce penalties that are additive, multiplicative or ameliorative. Research is inconclusive and as yet pays little attention to moderating factors such as employer type, size, geographic location or work profile. Drawing on administrative records for individuals qualified as solicitors in England and Wales, collected by the Solicitors Regulation Authority (SRA), combined with aggregated workforce data and firm characteristics of their law firms, we undertake a statistical analysis of the intersection of gender and ethnicity in the profession with a degree of precision and nuance not previously possible. In response to calls to broaden studies of inequalities and intersectionality beyond their effect on pay or income (Castilla 2008) we focus on career progression to partnership as our key measure of success. The original contribution of our study is twofold. First, we establish statistically different profiles of law firms, showing how the solicitors’ profession is stratified by gender, ethnicity and socio‐economic background, as well as the type of legal work undertaken by developing a model of socio‐economic stratification in the profession. Second, we demonstrate that while penalties tend to be additive (i.e. the sum of the individual ethnic and gender penalties) this varies significantly by law firm profile and in some situations the effect is ameliorative.
Controlling immigration? How regulations affect migration flows
Authors: HELBLING MARC , LEBLANG DAVID 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe aim of this article is to investigate whether or not and how immigration policies affect immigration flows. Such policy impacts have hardly been investigated so far as the necessary data is lacking. For the first time, two new datasets are combined to systematically measure immigration policies and bilateral migration flows for 33 Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) destination countries from over 170 countries of origin over the period 1982–2010. The study finds that immigration policies have an important effect on immigration flows and thus that states are able to control their borders. To some extent the control capacities depend on other factors in attracting or deterring immigrants. The article shows that the deterrence effect of restrictive immigration policies increases when unemployment rates are high. It appears that, in these contexts, states start to care more about effectively protecting their national economy. Moreover, policies are more effective for migrant groups from former colonies or when the stock of this group is already high in a destination country. In these circumstances, information on border regulations are more easily disseminated, which in turn makes them more effective.
The earliest Timematids in Burmese amber reveal diverse tarsal pads of stick insects in the mid‐Cretaceous
Authors: Chen Sha , Deng Shi‐Wo , Shih Chungkun , Zhang Wei‐Wei , Zhang Peng , Ren Dong , Zhu Yi‐Ning , Gao Tai‐Ping 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMany extant insects have developed pad structures, euplantulae or arolia on their tarsi to increase friction or enhance adhesion for better mobility. Many polyneopteran insects with euplantulae, for example, Grylloblattodea, Mantophasmatodea and Orthoptera, have been described from the Mesozoic. However, the origin and evolution of stick insects’ euplantulae are poorly understood due to rare fossil records. Here, we report the earliest fossil records of Timematodea hitherto,Tumefactipes prolongatesgen. et sp. nov. andGranosicorpes liratesgen. et sp. nov., based on three specimens from mid‐Cretaceous Burmese amber. Specimens ofTumefactipes prolongatesgen. et sp. nov. have extremely specialized and expanded euplantulae on their tarsomere II. These new findings are the first known and the earliest fossil records about euplantula structure within Phasmatodea, demonstrating the diversity of euplantulae in Polyneoptera during the Mesozoic. Such tarsal pads might have increased friction and helped these mid‐Cretaceous stick insects to climb more firmly on various surfaces, such as broad leaves, wetted tree branches or ground. These specimens provide more morphological data for us to understand the relationships of Timematodea, Euphasmatodea, Orthoptera and Embioptera, suggesting that Timematodea might be monophyletic with Euphasmatodea rather than Embioptera and Phasmatodea should have a closer relationship with Orthoptera rather than Embioptera.
Interactions Between Flavonoid‐Rich Extracts and Sodium Caseinate Modulate Protein Functionality and Flavonoid Bioaccessibility in Model Food Systems
Authors: Elegbede Jennifer L. , Li Min , Jones Owen G. , Campanella Osvaldo H. , Ferruzzi Mario G. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWith growing interest in formulating new food products with added protein and flavonoid‐rich ingredients for health benefits, direct interactions between these ingredient classes becomes critical in so much as they may impact protein functionality, product quality, and flavonoids bioavailability. In this study, sodium caseinate (SCN)‐based model products (foams and emulsions) were formulated with grape seed extract (GSE, rich in galloylated flavonoids) and green tea extract (GTE, rich in nongalloylated flavonoids), respectively, to assess changes in functional properties of SCN and impacts on flavonoid bioaccessibility. Experiments with pure flavonoids suggested that galloylated flavonoids reduced air‐water interfacial tension of 0.01% SCN dispersions more significantly than nongalloylated flavonoids at high concentrations (>50 μg/mL). This observation was supported by changes in stability of 5% SCN foam, which showed that foam stability was increased at high levels of GSE (≥50 μg/mL, P < 0.05) but was not affected by GTE. However, flavonoid extracts had modest effects on SCN emulsion. In addition, galloylated flavonoids had higher bioaccessibility in both SCN foam and emulsion. These results suggest that SCN‐flavonoid binding interactions can modulate protein functionality leading to difference in performance and flavonoid bioaccessibility of protein‐based products.Practical ApplicationAs information on the beneficial health effects of flavonoids expands, it is likely that usage of these ingredients in consumer foods will increase. However, the necessary levels to provide such benefits may exceed those that begin to impact functionality of the macronutrients such as proteins. Flavonoid inclusion within protein matrices may modulate protein functionality in a food system and modify critical consumer traits or delivery of these beneficial plant‐derived components. The product matrices utilized in this study offer relevant model systems to evaluate how fortification with flavonoid‐rich extracts allows for differing effects on formability and stability of the protein‐based systems, and on bioaccessibility of fortified flavonoid extracts.
Exsolution Lamellae in Olivine Grains of Dunite Units from Different Types of Mafic‐Ultramafic Complexes
Authors: LIANG Zi , XIAO Yan , THAKURTA Joyashish , SU Benxun , CHEN Chen , BAI Yang , SAKYI Patrick A. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractExsolution microstructures in olivine grains from dunite units in a few selected tectonic environments are reported here. They include lamellae of clinopyroxene and clinopyroxene‐magnetite intergrowth in the Gaositai and Yellow Hill Alaskan‐type complexes, clinopyroxene‐magnetite intergrowth in the Kızıldağ ophiolite, and chromite lamellae in the Hongshishan mafic‐ultramafic intrusive complex. These lamellae commonly occur as needle‐ or rod‐like features and are oriented in olivine grains. The host olivine grains have Fo contents of 92.5–92.6 in the Gaositai complex, 86.5–90.1 in the Yellow Hill complex, 93.2–93.4 in the Kızıldağ ophiolite and 86.9–88.3 in the Hongshishan complex. Clinopyroxene in the rod‐like intergrowth exsolved in olivine grains in the Gaositai and Yellow Hill is diopside with similar major element compositions of CaO (23.6–24.3wt%), SiO2 (52.2–54.0wt%), Al2O3 (0.67–2.15wt%), Cr2O3 (0.10–0.42wt%) and Na2O (0.14–0.26wt%). It falls into the compositional field of hydrothermal clinopyroxene and its origin is thus probably related to reaction between dunite and fluids. The enrichment of the fluids in Ca2+, Fe3+, Cr3+ and Na+, resulted in elevated concentrations of these cations in olivine solid solutions via the reaction. With decreasing temperature, the olivine solid solutions altered to an intergrowth of magnetite and clinopyroxene. The Fe3+ and Cr3+ preferentially partitioned into magnetite, while Ca2+ and Na+ entered clinopyroxene. Since the studied Alaskan‐type complexes and ophiolite formed in a subduction environment, the fluids were probably released from the subducted slab. In contrast, the exsolved chromite in olivine grains from the Hongshishan complex that formed in post‐orogenic extension setting can be related to olivine equilibrated with Cr‐bearing liquid. Similarly, these lamellae have all been observed in serpentine surrounding olivine grains, indicating genetic relations with serpentinization.
Metallogenic Correlations for the Fe‐Nb‐REE Mineralization in the West Mine of the Bayan Obo Deposit, Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: SU Li , PENG Suping 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe West Mine of the Bayan Obo deposit, located in the northern‐central part of Inner Mongolia, China, is enriched in Nb, rare earth elements and iron (Nb‐REE‐Fe) mineral resources. This paper presents a combined method to explore metallogenic correlation of the Nb‐REE‐Fe mineralization at the Bayan Obo West Mine. The method integrates factor analysis and Back Propagation (BP) neural network technology into processing and modeling of geological data. In this study, the Nb and REE contents of samples were transformed into discrete values to analyze the correlations among the metallogenic elements. The results show weak mineralization correlations between Nb and REEs. Nb and U are closely related in the geochemical patterns, while Fe is closely related to both Th and Mn. LREEs are an important factor for the mineralization of the Bayan Obo deposit, while Fe and Nb can be considered as the results of passive mineralization. On the basis of a metallogenic correlation analysis, the factors affecting the Fe‐REE‐Nb mineralization were extracted, and the Nb mineralization model was established by the BP neural network. Based on the BP neural network data computing, the variability of the Nb concentration displays a coupled multi‐factor nonlinear relationship, which can be used to reveal the inherent metallogenic elemental regularities and predict the degree of element mineralization enrichment in the mining area.
The Zhaxikang Vein‐type Pb‐Zn‐Ag‐Sb Deposit in Himalayan Orogen, Tibet: Product by Overprinting and Remobilization Processes during Post‐collisional Period
Authors: LIANG Wei , HOU Zengqian , ZHENG Yuanchuan , YANG Zhusen , LI Zhenqing 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe Zhaxikang Pb‐Zn‐Ag‐Sb deposit, the largest polymetallic deposit known in the Himalayan Orogen of southern Tibet, is characterized by vein‐type mineralization that hosts multiple mineral assemblages and complicated metal associations. The deposit consists of at least six steeply dipping vein‐type orebodies that are hosted by Early Jurassic black carbonaceous slates and are controlled by a Cenozoic N–S‐striking normal fault system. This deposit records multiple stages of mineralization that include an early period (A) of massive coarse‐grained galena–sphalerite deposition and a later period (B) of Sb‐bearing vein‐type mineralization. Period A is only associated with galena–sphalerite mineralization, whereas period B can be subdivided into ferrous rhodochrosite–sphalerite–pyrite, quartz–sulfosalt–sphalerite, calcite–pyrite, quartz–stibnite, and quartz‐only stages of mineralization. The formation of brecciated galena and sphalerite ores during period A implies reworking of pre‐existing Pb–Zn sulfides by Cenozoic tectonic deformation, whereas period B mineralization records extensive open‐space filling during ore formation. Fluid inclusion microthermometric data indicate that both periods A and B were associated with low–medium temperature (187–267°C) and low salinity (4.00–10.18% wt. NaCl equivalent) ore‐forming fluids, although variations in the physical–chemical nature of the period B fluids suggest that this phase of mineralization was characterized by variable water/rock ratios. Microprobe analyses indicate that Fe concentrations in sphalerite decrease from period A to period B, and can be divided into three groups with FeS concentrations of 8.999–9.577, 7.125–9.109, 5.438–1.460 mol.%. The concentrations of Zn, Sb, Pb, and Ag within orebodies in the study area are normally distributed in both lateral and vertical directions, and Pb, Sb, and/or Ag concentrations are positive correlation within the central part of these orebodies, but negatively correlate in the margins. Sulfide S isotope compositions are highly variable (4‰–13‰), varying from 4‰ to 11‰ in period A and 10‰ to 13‰ in period B. The Pb isotope within these samples is highly radiogenic and defines linear trends in 206Pb/204Pb vs. 207Pb/204Pb and 206Pb/204Pb vs. 208Pb/204Pb diagrams, respectively. The S and Pb isotopic characteristics indicate that the period B orebodies formed by mixing of Pb–Zn sulfides and regional Sb‐bearing fluids. These features are indicative of overprinting and remobilization of pre‐existing Pb–Zn sulfides by Sb‐bearing ore‐forming fluids during a post‐collisional period of the Himalayan Orogeny. The presence of similar ore types in the north Rhenish Massif that formed after the Variscan Orogeny suggests that Zhaxikang‐style mineralization may be present in other orogenic belts, suggesting that this deposit may guide Pb–Zn exploration in these areas.
Mineralization, Geochemistry and Zircon U‐Pb Ages of the Paodaoling Porphyry Gold Deposit in the Guichi Region, Lower Yangtze Metallogenic Belt, Eastern China
Authors: DUAN Liu'an , YANG Xiaoyong , DENG Jianghong , WANG Fangyue , LEE Insung 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe newly discovered Paodaoling porphyry Au deposit from the Guichi region, Lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt (LYRB), contains >35 tons of Au at an average grade of ∼1.7 g/t. It is a porphyry ‘Au‐only’ deposit, as revealed by current exploration in the depths, mostly above –400 m, which is quite uncommon among coeval porphyry mineralization along the LYRB. Additionally, there are also Cu‐Au bearing porphyries and barren alkaline granitoids in the Paodaoling district. Zircon LA‐ICP‐MS U‐Pb dating of the Cu‐Au‐bearing porphyries yield an age of 141–140 Ma, falling within the main magmatic stage of the LYRB, whereas the barren granites give an age of 125–120 Ma, coeval with the regional A‐type granites. The Cu‐Au‐bearing porphyries are LILE‐, LREE‐enriched and HFSE‐depleted, typical of arc magmatic affinities. The barren granites are HFSE‐enriched, with lower LREE/HREE ratios and pronounced negative Eu anomalies. The Cu‐Au‐bearing porphyries in the Paodaoling district have high oxygen fugacities and high water content. Pyrite sulfur isotopes of the Paodaoling gold deposit indicate a magmatic‐sedimentary mixed source for the ore‐forming fluids. Based on the alteration and poly‐metal zonation of the deepest exploration drill hole from the Paodaoling Au deposit, we propose that Cu ore bodies could lie at depth beneath the current Au ore bodies. The magmatism and associated Cu‐Au mineralization of the Paodaoling district are likely to have formed in a subduction setting, during slab rollback of the paleo‐Pacific plate.
Tectonically‐controlled Evolution of the Late Cenozoic Nihewan Basin, North China Craton: Constraints from Stratigraphy, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry
Authors: LIU Jin , CHEN Xingqiang , CHI Zhenqing , WANG Yong , MIN Longrui , LI Tingdong 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe Late Cenozoic basins in the Weihe–Shanxi Graben, North China Craton are delineated by northeast‐striking faults. The faults have, since a long time, been related to the progressive uplift and northeastward expansion of the Tibetan Plateau. To show the relation between the basins and faults, two Pliocene–Pleistocene stratigraphic sections (Chengqiang and Hongyanangou) in the southern part of the Nihewan Basin at the northernmost parts of the graben are studied herein. Based on the sedimentary sequences and facies, the sections are divided into three evolutionary stages, such as alluvial fan‐eolian red clay, fan delta, and fluvial, with boundaries at ∼2.8 and ∼1.8 Ma. Paleocurrent indicators, the composition of coarse clastics, heavy minerals, and the geochemistry of moderate–fine clastics are used to establish the temporal and spatial variations in the source areas. Based on features from the middle‐northern basin, we infer that the Nihewan Basin comprises an old NE–SW elongate geotectogene and a young NW–SE elongate subgeotectogene. The main geotectogene in the mid‐north is a half‐graben bounded by northeast‐striking and northwest‐dipping normal faults (e.g., Liulengshan Fault). This group of faults was mainly affected by the Pliocene (before ∼2.8–2.6 Ma) NW–SE extension and controlled the deposition of sediments. In contrast, the subgeotectogene in the south was affected by northwest‐striking normal faults (e.g., Huliuhe Fault) that were controlled by the subsequent weak NE–SW extension in the Pleistocene. The remarkable change in the sedimentary facies and provenance since ∼1.8 Ma is possibly a signal of either weak or strong NE–SW extension. This result implies that the main tectonic transition ages of ∼2.8–2.6 Ma and ∼1.8 Ma in the Weihe–Shanxi Graben are affected by the Tibetan Plateau in Pliocene–Pleistocene.
10Be Exposure Ages Obtained From Quaternary Glacial Landforms on the Tibetan Plateau and in the Surrounding Area
Authors: ZHANG Mengyuan , MEI Jing , ZHANG Zhigang , WANG Jian , XU Xiaobin 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn situ terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (TCN) exposure dating using 10Be is one of the most successful techniques used to determine the ages of Quaternary deposits and yields data that enable the reconstruction of the Quaternary glacial history of the Tibetan Plateau and the surrounding mountain ranges. Statistical analysis of TCN 10Be exposure ages, helps to reconstruct the history of glacial fluctuations and past climate changes on the Tibetan Plateau, differences in the timing of glacier advances among different regions. However, different versions of the Cosmic‐Ray‐prOduced NUclide Systematics on Earth (CRONUS‐Earth) online calculator, which calculates and corrects the TCN ages of Quaternary glacial landforms, yield different results. For convenience in establishing contrasts among regions, in this paper, we recalculate 1848 10Be exposure ages from the Tibetan Plateau that were published from 1999 to 2017 using version 2.3 of the CRONUS‐Earth calculator. We also compare the results obtained for 1594 10Be exposure ages using different versions (2.2, 2.3 and 3.0) of the CRONUS‐Earth calculator. The results are as follows. (1) Approximately 97% of the exposure ages are less than 200 ka. A probability density curve of the exposure ages suggests that greater numbers of oscillations emerge during the Holocene, and the peaks correspond to the Little Ice Age, the 8.2 ka and 9.3 ka cold events; the main peak covers the period between 12 and 18 ka. (2) In most areas, the newer versions of the calculator produce older 10Be exposure ages. When different versions of the CRONUS‐Earth calculator are used, approximately 29% of the 10Be exposure ages display maximum differences greater than 10 ka, and the maximum age difference for a single sample is 181.1 ka.