bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conversion of Ankle Fusions to Ankle Replacements
Authors: White Stephen , Cohen Bruce , Jones Carroll , Le Michael , Davis W. Hodges 
Published: September 2018

Category: Ankle Arthritis Introduction/Purpose: Ankle arthrodesis remains a prominent treatment choice for ankle arthritis in a majority of patients. Long term studies have shown a compensatory development of ipsilateral adjacent joint arthritis after ankle arthrodesis, and some patients who receive an ankle arthrodesis develop pain in surrounding joints, or even at the fusion site. As total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) design, instrumentation, and techniques have improved, the use of total ankle arthroplasty has become more widespread. Very few studies have been published on conversion of ankle arthrodesis to ankle arthroplasty, but they have shown improved function and patient-related outcome scores. The purpose of this study was to assess the radiographic, clinical, and patient-reported outcomes of patients undergoing ankle arthroplasty after conversion from a CT-confirmed ankle arthrodesis. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with previous CT-confirmed ankle arthrodesis who underwent conversion to total ankle arthroplasty. Minimum follow up was 1 year. Nonunions of ankle arthrodesis were excluded. AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score, foot function index (FFI), pain, revision surgeries, complications, and patient demographics were assessed. Radiographs prior to TAA, and at latest follow-up were also reviewed. Results: 10 patients were included in the study with an average age of 54.5 years. No implants had to be revised. 1/10 (10%) patients had to undergo secondary surgery for heterotopic ossification removal. The same patient had to undergo another subsequent surgery for posterior ankle decompression. 2/10 (20%) patients had a mild talar subsidence of the TAA at latest follow-up, with no patients having tibial subsidence. Talar osteolysis was noticed in 2 patients (20%) at latest follow-up, with no patients having tibial osteolysis. Only one patient (10%) was noted to have a mild valgus alignment of TAA with no varus malalignments. All radiographic changes noted were clinically asymptomatic. The average AOFAS total score was 58 (range 23,89). The mean FFI total score was 41.9 (range 0,90). Conclusion: Conversion of ankle fusion to TAA is a challenging operation but can be a viable option for patients with ongoing pain after an ankle arthrodesis. We noted low revision rates and few complications at 1 year.
Which is the best treatment for displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures
Authors: Xuxiang Peng , Pan Xiaohua , Wu XiaoMin 
Published: September 2018

Category: Trauma Introduction/Purpose: Displaced Intra-Articular Calcaneus Fractures (DIACFs) represent a source of tremendous disability to the patient, economic burden to the society and a treatment challenge to the average orthopaedic surgeon. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), minimally invasive surgery (MIS), external fixator (EF), external fixator combined with limited internal fixation (EFLIF) and non-surgical treatment (NST) are mostly used for the treatment of DIACFs. However, no single approach is universally applicable to all calcaneus fractures. More over, previous studies was still unclear and have offered conflicting recommendations. The purpose of this study is to comprehensively review the literature and ascertain the relative efficacy and safety of ORIF, MIS, EF, EFLIF and NST for patients with DIACFs using a Bayesian network meta-analysis. Methods: We will comprehensively search PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Medline, Science Direct, CBM and CNKI from the inception dates to January 01, 2018, to include potentially relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies (CSs) that evaluated interventions for treating adults with DIACFs. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the risk of bias according to the Cochrane Handbook. After independent study selection by 2 authors, data were extracted and collected independently. The primary outcome measures were anatomical measures, functional measures, and complications. The data of RCTs and CSs were pooled respectively using the fixed-effect model or random-effect model. Mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for continuous data, and relative risks (RRs) with 95% CIs were calculated for dichotomous data. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed with the Q test and I2. Sensitivity analysis was developed to assess the reliability of pooled results. Results: Seventeen trials (5 RCTs and 12 CSs) including 2369 patients were considered in the study. EFLIF had significantly the highest AOFAS Ankle Hindfoot Scale (MD, 9.54 [95% CI, 5.97 to 17.42]) and lower total incidence of complications (RR, 1.65 [95% CI, 1.27 to 2.54]) than ORIF, MIS, EF and NST. Moreover, EFLIF resulted in a lower incidence of additional surgery (RR, 3.47 [95% CI, 2.28 to 6.95]) than ORIF and NST. The rank of anatomical recovery was: EFLIF, ORIF, EF, MIS and NST. The rank of functional recovery was: EFLIF, ORIF, MIS, EF and NST. For reduction in total incidence of complications, the rank was: EFLIF, NST, EF, MIS and ORIF. Conclusion: EFLIF has the highest probability of improving the functional outcome and reducing the total incidence of complications and additional surgery among the five interventions for treating adults with DIACFs.
Surgical Treatment for Müller-Weiss Disease
Authors: Zhang Ming-Zhu , Yu Guang-rong 
Published: September 2018

Category: Midfoot/Forefoot Introduction/Purpose: Müller-Weiss disease is an uncommon osteonecrosis of the tarsal navicular of unknown etiology. Most of them could be treated by non-surgical methods. But some severe deformity and fail to conserved methods. In those cases, surgery may be a reasonable approach. Methods: From January 2005 to Septermber 2016, we treated 69 patients suffering from Müller-Weiss disease, using the surgical arthrodesis of the talonavicular joint and naviculocuneiform joint with tricortical autologous iliac crest block fixed by screws and plate. Results: All Maceira grades were included. We reviewed the medical records of the patients and took the radiological preoperative and postoperative evaluation. The preoperative and postoperative clinical functions were evaluated using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot Scale. To treat Müller-Weiss disease, we introduced a surgical arthrodesis of the talonavicular joint and naviculocuneiform joint with tricortical autologous iliac crest bone block fixed by screws and plate. The median follow up was 26 months. All the feet fused solidly. The median time for complete fusion was 13 weeks. The median AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score improved from 45 points preoperatively to 86 points at last follow-up. Conclusion: The results of this series demonstrate the arthrodesis of the TNJ and NCJ with tricortical autologous iliac crest graft is a reasonable way for treatment of Müller -Weiss disease. Based on our experience with the patients, we believe that emphasis of the restoration of the length and alignment of the medial column could achieve a good outcome.
View point: gaps in the current guidelines for the prevention of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus surgical site infections
Authors: Kavanagh Kevin T. , Abusalem Said , Calderon Lindsay E. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe authors advocate the addition of two preventative strategies to the current United State’s guidelines for the prevention of surgical site infections. It is known that Staphylococcus aureus, including Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), carriers are at a higher risk for the development of infections and they can easily transmit the organism. The carriage rate of Staph. aureus in the general population approximates 33%. The CDC estimates the carriage rate of MRSA in the United States is approximately 2%. The first strategy is preoperative screening of surgical patients for Staph. aureus, including MRSA. This recommendation is based upon the growing literature which shows a benefit in both prevention of infections and guidance in preoperative antibiotic selection. The second is performing MRSA active surveillance screening on healthcare workers. The carriage rate of MRSA in healthcare workers approximates 5% and there are concerns of transmission of this pathogen to patients. MRSA decolonization of healthcare workers has been reported to approach a success rate of 90%. Healthcare workers colonized with dangerous pathogens, including MRSA, should be assigned to non-patient contact work areas. In addition, there needs to be implemented a safety net for both the worker’s economic security and healthcare. Finally, a reporting system for the healthcare worker acquisition and infections with dangerous pathogens needs to be implemented. These recommendations are needed because Staph. aureus including MRSA is endemic in the United States. Policies regarding endemic pathogens which are to be implemented only upon the occurrence of a facility defined “outbreak” have to be questioned, since absence of infections does not mean absence of transmission. Optimizing these policies will require further research but until then we should error on the side of patient safety.
Anisotropic full-waveform inversion of crosshole seismic data: A vertical symmetry axis field data application
Authors: Hadden Shaun , Gerhard Pratt R. , Smithyman Brendan 
Published: September 2018

Anisotropic waveform tomography (AWT) uses anisotropic traveltime tomography followed by anisotropic full-waveform inversion (FWI). Such an approach is required for FWI in cases in which the geology is likely to exhibit anisotropy. An important anisotropy class is that of transverse isotropy (TI), and the special case of TI media with a vertical symmetry axis (VTI) media is often used to represent elasticity in undeformed sedimentary layering. We have developed an approach for AWT that uses an acoustic approximation to simulate waves in VTI media, and we apply this approach to crosshole data. In our approach, the best-fitting models of seismic velocity and Thomsen VTI anisotropy parameters are initially obtained using anisotropic traveltime tomography, and they are then used as the starting models for VTI FWI within the acoustic approximation. One common problem with the acoustic approach to TI media is the generation of late-arriving (spurious) S-waves as a by-product of the equation system. We used a Laplace-Fourier approach that effectively damps the spurious S-waves to suppress artifacts that might otherwise corrupt the final inversion results. The results of applying AWT to synthetic data illustrate the trade-offs in resolution between the two parameter classes of velocity and anisotropy, and they also verify anisotropic traveltime tomography as a valid method for generating starting models for FWI. The synthetic study further indicates the importance of smoothing the anisotropy parameters before proceeding to FWI inversions of the velocity parameter. The AWT technique is applied to real crosshole field gathers from a sedimentary environment in Western Canada, and the results are compared with the results from a simpler (elliptical) anisotropy model. The transversely isotropic approach yields an FWI image of the vertical velocity that (1) exhibits a superior resolution and (2) better predicts the field data than does the elliptical approach.
Leukocyte receptor tyrosine kinase interacts with secreted midkine to promote survival of migrating neural crest cells
Authors: Vieceli Felipe Monteleone , Bronner Marianne E. 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
Neural crest cells migrate long distances throughout the embryo and rely on extracellular signals that attract, repel and/or stimulate survival to ensure proper contribution to target derivatives. Here, we show that leukocyte receptor tyrosine kinase (LTK), an ALK-type receptor tyrosine kinase, is expressed by neural crest cells during early migratory stages in chicken embryos. Loss of LTK in the cranial neural crest impairs migration and results in increased levels of apoptosis. Conversely, midkine, previously proposed as a ligand for ALK, is secreted by the non-neural ectoderm during early neural crest migratory stages and internalized by neural crest cells in vivo. Similar to loss of LTK, loss of midkine reduces survival of the migratory neural crest. Moreover, we show by proximity ligation and co-immunoprecipitation assays that midkine binds to LTK. Taken together, these results suggest that LTK in neural crest cells interacts with midkine emanating from the non-neural ectoderm to promote cell survival, revealing a new signaling pathway that is essential for neural crest development.
Synthesis of Fe3O4@GSH-Pt NCs Core-Shell Microspheres for Latent Fingerprint Detection
Authors: Huang Rui , Zhang Yuting 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Positively charged Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were obtained by polyethyleneimine (PEI) as a modification agent. Negatively charged platinum nanoclusters (Pt NCs) were prepared with glutathione (GSH) as reducing agent and protective agent. Finally, spherical fluorescent magnetic nano core-shell microspheres Fe3O4@GSH-Pt NCs were produced through electrostatic adsorption. The magnetic strength was 23.9 emu/g and the fluorescence quantum yield was 8.139%. The experimental results showed that the mean diameter of Fe3O4@GSH-Pt NCs was about 110.3 nm. It emitted red fluorescence at the excitation of 465 nm. Latent fingerprints were directly viewed with excellent ridge details due to the superparamagnetism and excellent fluorescent properties of the prepared Fe3O4@GSH-Pt NCs. Consequently, Fe3O4@GSH-Pt NCs showed great potential in fingerprints detection.
Ocular surface symptoms among individuals exposed to ambient levels of traffic derived air pollution – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Paudel Nabin , Adhikari Sanjeev , Manandhar Sarina , Acharya Ashesh , Thakur Ajit , Shrestha Bhairaja 
Published: September 2018

Background: The ocular surface is separated by a thin layer of tear film from outdoor air pollutants making individuals exposed to outdoor air pollution prone to various ocular surface disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude of ocular surface disorders symptoms among traffic police officers of Kathmandu, Nepal. Methods: Two hundred traffic police officers working at different traffic police office branches of Kathmandu, Nepal were invited to the police headquarters for eye and vision examination. Among them, 91 individuals (95% males) completed the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire and underwent Schirmer’s I tear test. Results: Symptoms of ocular surface disorders were reported by over 80% of the individuals. Approximately two-fifths of the individuals (38%) reported severe symptoms. Only 17% of the individuals’ tear secretion was found to be below normal using the Schirmer’s tear test. No significant association was observed between the OSDI score and Schirmer’s tear test scores (r = 0.008, p = 0.94). A weak but significant relationship was observed between the OSDI score and job duration (r=0.21,p = 0.04). Individual exposed to outdoor air pollution for more than 10 years had higher odds of reporting ocular surface complaints as compared to those who were exposed for less than 10 years (OR = 3.94, p = 0.02). Conclusion: Ocular surface disorder symptoms are common among traffic police officers of Kathmandu, Nepal. The duration of exposure appears to significantly contribute to the increased symptoms in this exposed population.
Preliminary study on the inhibitory effect of seaweed Gracilaria verrucosa extract on biofilm formation of Candida albicans cultured from the saliva of a smoker
Authors: Mubarak Zaki , Humaira Adintya , Gani Basri A. , Muchlisin Zainal A. 
Published: September 2018

Background: Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungus that might infect the oral cavity. Increased colony numbers of C. albicans in the mouth can be caused by multiple factors, such as smoking, weakened immune system, antibiotics use and immune-compromised condition. Smoking can increase expression of virulence factors of C. albicans and make it stronger. One virulence factor of C. albicans is biofilm formation. The ability of creating biofilm makes C. albicans more tolerant to commercial antifungal agents. The objective of this preliminary study was to examine the ability of the seaweed G. verrucosa extracts to inhibit the formation of biofilm by C. albicans isolated from the saliva of a smoker. Methods: The extract of G. verrucosa was prepared by maceration using 96% methanol and subjected for phytochemical analysis. C. albicans was isolated from the saliva of a smoker who voluntarily participated in the study after providing informed consent. In triplicate, the fungus was cultured in the growth medium containing increased concentrations of G. verrucosa (6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 75 and 100% ).The same reaction using fluconazole 0.31 µg/ml C. albicans was prepared as positive control. Biofilm formation was accessed based on optical density of cell mixtures using an ELISA reader. The data obtained were subjected to Kruskal-Wallis test at a significance limit of 0.05. Results: Methanol extract of seaweed G. verrucosa contained three bio-active compounds namely steroids, terpenoid, and tannins. Inhibitory activity of seaweed extracts on C. albicans biofilm formation increased as their concentration increased. The highest inhibitory effect was recorded at fungus culture treated with seaweed concentration of 25% at 24 hours of time exposure. Conclusions: Seaweed G. verrucosa extract contained steroids, terpenoids and tannins that were able to effectively inhibit the formation of biofilm by C. albicans at the concentration of 25% after 24 hours of time exposure.
Analyzing the Influence of Service Quality towards the Brand Image, Preceived Value, and Brand Loyalty of The Costumers of Heritage Hotel in Malang
Authors: Sjah Muhammad Iskandar 
Published: September 2018

Service quality in heritage hotel in the Malang city and brand loyalty have an important role to affect the guests to stay at the hotel, by considering competition in modern time currently. The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of service quality on brand loyalty, brand image, perceived value, brand image affect brand loyalty, perceived value influence on brand loyalty, and the effect of service quality on brand loyalty which is mediated by brand image and perceived value at Pelangi Hotel Malang. This study uses questionnaires with a total sample of 160 respondents. To get the sample, it uses a purposive sampling. Data were analyzed Â using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science) version 18.0 and Smart Modeling PLS version 2.0. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant-direct effect of service quality on brand loyalty, brand image and perceived value. In addition, brand image also significantly affects brand loyalty. The results also show the effect of perceived value on brand loyalty, and service quality on brand loyalty through brand image and brand loyalty through perceived value.
Is there a classical role for the clinical laboratory in digital health?
Authors: Ceriotti Ferruccio 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The classical role of the clinical laboratory, seen as the central place where the samples converge and from where the results are distributed, will be challenged by the development of digital health, the application of information technology (big data) and genomics to health care. When the development of disruptive new technologies will allow the production of accurate results outside the laboratory, its role will dramatically change. However, several factors are slowing down these evolutions. The quality of the existing data is relatively poor: lack of standardization of results, different units, different reference intervals, etc. The lab-on-a-chip technology is still relatively far from broad range application and the costs are higher than the traditional methods. There is the need for regulations of direct to consumer approaches that are posing big ethical problems. In the future, the clinical laboratory will maintain part of the “classical” role in the areas of research education and services. The large production will continue, favored by consolidation and reduction of the number of laboratories. The specialists of laboratory medicine have the task of collaborating with the national scientific societies and with the industry for improving harmonization of all the production phases, thus allowing the production of meaningful big data. Clinical laboratories have the role of implementing translational medicine. The new point-of-care (POC) technologies still need validation, the clinical laboratory is the place to do it. The advisory role toward clinicians and patients has to be improved, and a role in validating laboratory data interpretation apps and in controlling and supervising the functionality and the quality of the POC devices has to be developed.
Congenital complete heart block in pregnancy
Authors: Basri Nurul Iftida , Ahmad Shuhaila 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Complete heart block (CHB) is infrequently encountered during pregnancy. Its management requires a multidisciplinary approach involving the obstetrician, cardiologist, anesthetist and neonatologist. It varies from conservative, temporary or permanent pacemaker (PPM) insertion (either during the antenatal, intrapartum or postpartum period). We present the case of a 30-year-old, gravida 2 para 1 at the 36-week period of amenorrhea (POA) with congenital CHB. She was asymptomatic throughout her pregnancy despite having a pulse rate between 40 and 50 beats per minute. She delivered a healthy boy via cesarean section due to breech presentation after a failed external cephalic version. A temporary pacemaker was inserted prior to delivery. However, she required permanent insertion of pacemaker during the postpartum period.
Hittite prosody
Authors: Sideltsev Andrei V. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This paper deals with the prosody of the Hittite sentence connectives nu, šu, ta. It is argued that bare sentence connectives are unstressed, being proclitics, whereas sentence connectives+ encliticsare stressed. Some implications for diachronic and synchronic phonology of Hittite are also discussed.
Indo-European *pr- and *pr̥h₂- ‘before, in front of’
Authors: Svensson Miguel Villanueva 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
All Indo-European languages present local adverbs and other derivatives from a basic root *per-, e.g. Gk. πρό, πρότι, περί, παρά, πάρος, πρίν, πρῶτος/πρᾶτος, etc. It is generally agreed that the data point to two root variants, *pr-and *pr̥h₂-, but the origin of the extra *‑h₂‑has never been satisfactorily explained. In this article it is argued that the variation *pr-~ *pr̥h₂-is exclusively found in local adverbs from an archaic root noun *per-/*pr-and that it originated in false segmentation of the PIE (Indo-Hittite) directive case *pr̥‑h₂á(viz.its locativization *pr̥‑h₂ái). The spread of *pr̥h₂-at the expense of *pr-took place almost entirely in dialectal Indo-European.