bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Site-selective 1H/2H labeling enables artifact-free 1H CPMG relaxation dispersion experiments in aromatic side chains
Authors: Raum Heiner N. , Schörghuber Julia , Dreydoppel Matthias , Lichtenecker Roman J. , Weininger Ulrich 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Aromatic side chains are often key residues in enzyme active sites and protein binding sites, making them attractive probes of protein dynamics on the millisecond timescale. Such dynamic processes can be studied by aromatic 13C or 1H CPMG relaxation dispersion experiments. Aromatic 1H CPMG relaxation dispersion experiments in phenylalanine, tyrosine and the six-ring moiety of tryptophan, however, are affected by 3J 1H–1H couplings which are causing anomalous relaxation dispersion profiles. Here we show that this problem can be addressed by site-selective 1H/2H labeling of the aromatic side chains and that artifact-free relaxation dispersion profiles can be acquired. The method has been further validated by measuring folding–unfolding kinetics of the small protein GB1. The determined rate constants and populations agree well with previous results from 13C CPMG relaxation dispersion experiments. Furthermore, the CPMG-derived chemical shift differences between the folded and unfolded states are in excellent agreement with those obtained directly from the spectra. In summary, site-selective 1H/2H labeling enables artifact-free aromatic 1H CPMG relaxation dispersion experiments in phenylalanine and the six-ring moiety of tryptophan, thereby extending the available methods for studying millisecond dynamics in aromatic protein side chains.
Patient-Specific Simulation of Pneumoperitoneum for Laparoscopic Surgical Planning
Authors: Dawda Shivali , Camara Mafalda , Pratt Philip , Vale Justin , Darzi Ara , Mayer Erik 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Gas insufflation in laparoscopy deforms the abdomen and stretches the overlying skin. This limits the use of surgical image-guidance technologies and challenges the appropriate placement of trocars, which influences the operative ease and potential quality of laparoscopic surgery. This work describes the development of a platform that simulates pneumoperitoneum in a patient-specific manner, using preoperative CT scans as input data. This aims to provide a more realistic representation of the intraoperative scenario and guide trocar positioning to optimize the ergonomics of laparoscopic instrumentation. The simulation was developed by generating 3D reconstructions of insufflated and deflated porcine CT scans and simulating an artificial pneumoperitoneum on the deflated model. Simulation parameters were optimized by minimizing the discrepancy between the simulated pneumoperitoneum and the ground truth model extracted from insufflated porcine scans. Insufflation modeling in humans was investigated by correlating the simulation’s output to real post-insufflation measurements obtained from patients in theatre. The simulation returned an average error of 7.26 mm and 10.5 mm in the most and least accurate datasets respectively. In context of the initial discrepancy without simulation (23.8 mm and 19.6 mm), the methods proposed here provide a significantly improved picture of the intraoperative scenario. The framework was also demonstrated capable of simulating pneumoperitoneum in humans. This study proposes a method for realistically simulating pneumoperitoneum to achieve optimal ergonomics during laparoscopy. Although further studies to validate the simulation in humans are needed, there is the opportunity to provide a more realistic, interactive simulation platform for future image-guided minimally invasive surgery.
Foreign institutional ownership and demand for accounting conservatism: evidence from an emerging market
Authors: Khalil Mohamed , Ozkanc Aydin , Yildiz Yilmaz 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This study investigates how foreign institutional ownership interacts with accounting conservatism in an emerging market setting. We posit that weak investor protection and a high degree of information asymmetry between insiders and outside investors increase demand for conservative reporting in firms operating in emerging markets. Foreign investors in this setting have informational disadvantages relative to their domestic peers and have difficulties in getting access to data. Using a sample of Turkish firms, we find that foreign institutions (particularly foreign corporate investors) demand more conservative reporting in the investee firms. Moreover, we show that this association is more pronounced among firms with greater asymmetric information problems and growth opportunities. Our additional tests reveal that the direction of causality flows from foreign institutional ownership to conservatism, and not vice versa.
Multi-level Monte Carlo methods for the approximation of invariant measures of stochastic differential equations
Authors: Giles Michael B. , Majka Mateusz B. , Szpruch Lukasz , Vollmer Sebastian J. , Zygalakis Konstantinos C. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We develop a framework that allows the use of the multi-level Monte Carlo (MLMC) methodology (Giles in Acta Numer. 24:259–328, 2015. 10.1017/S096249291500001X) to calculate expectations with respect to the invariant measure of an ergodic SDE. In that context, we study the (over-damped) Langevin equations with a strongly concave potential. We show that when appropriate contracting couplings for the numerical integrators are available, one can obtain a uniform-in-time estimate of the MLMC variance in contrast to the majority of the results in the MLMC literature. As a consequence, a root mean square error of $$\mathcal {O}(\varepsilon )$$O(ε) is achieved with $$\mathcal {O}(\varepsilon ^{-2})$$O(ε-2) complexity on par with Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, which, however, can be computationally intensive when applied to large datasets. Finally, we present a multi-level version of the recently introduced stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics method (Welling and Teh, in: Proceedings of the 28th ICML, 2011) built for large datasets applications. We show that this is the first stochastic gradient MCMC method with complexity $$\mathcal {O}(\varepsilon ^{-2}|\log {\varepsilon }|^{3})$$O(ε-2|logε|3), in contrast to the complexity $$\mathcal {O}(\varepsilon ^{-3})$$O(ε-3) of currently available methods. Numerical experiments confirm our theoretical findings.
Recommendation and context: the missing links for increased life cycle impact in large industries
Authors: Rex Emma , Fernqvist Niklas , Ryding Sven-Olof 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Purpose
This study takes an open and explorative approach to investigating the impact, or lack of impact, of life cycle information on behaviours throughout large production companies. Based on cases where life cycle information has been provided, this paper analyses how life cycle information has been interpreted and acted upon—not only by the life cycle assessment (LCA) practitioner conducting the study but also by employees outside the environmental departments.

Methods
To understand the impact of life cycle information on everyday actions in organisations and how this impact can be enhanced, this study takes a grounded approach to following flows of life cycle information from the environmental department through other departments of an organisation. From the flows of information, the research team selected rich descriptions of empirical data that reflect action and inaction. Using interviews and documents, we collected barriers and enablers for acting on life cycle information. Barriers and enablers were interpreted and clustered into categories and arranged into concepts. Next, we reviewed the empirical data using theories from social psychology.

Results and discussion
The results show that it is difficult for life cycle information to result in subsequent action outside of environmental departments. The barriers to this action were partly due to the life cycle information per se such as gaps between what life cycle information is available and what life cycle information is needed. Barriers and enablers were also found in relation to the context in which life cycle information was applied and new behaviours were adopted, including timing and software structures, reward systems, trade-offs, and personal beliefs about the profession. The results suggest a new role of the life cycle proponent that includes providing the right life cycle information and understanding and influencing the expected agents’ situations.

Conclusions
Assisted by theories from social psychology, we found that behaviour can be changed if ‘recommendations’ and ‘contexts’ are considered when providing life cycle information. The paper suggests that the impact of life cycle information could increase if normative arguments about environmental visions, strategies, and overarching goals are aligned with enablers that focus on personal goals, such as meeting a deadline, reducing uncertainty, and reaching the threshold for a bonus.
Rheological analysis of mud from Port of Hamburg, Germany
Authors: Shakeel Ahmad , Kirichek Alex , Chassagne Claire 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Purpose
An innovative way to define navigable fluid mud layers is to make use of their rheological properties, in particular their yield stress. In order to help the development of in situ measurement techniques, it is essential that the key rheological parameters are estimated beforehand. Is there only one yield stress? In which shear rate/shear stress range is yield expected to occur? How is yield stress dependent on depths and locations in the harbor? In order to answer these questions, we investigated the changes in the rheological properties of mud from along the river stream in the Port of Hamburg, Germany, using a recently developed laboratory protocol.

Materials and methods
In this study, a detailed rheological analysis was carried out on the mud samples collected from different locations and depths of the Port of Hamburg. A variety of rheological tests was performed including: stress sweep tests, flow curves, thixotropic tests, oscillatory amplitude, and frequency sweep tests.

Results and discussion
The yield stresses of sediments from different locations were significantly dissimilar from each other due to differences in densities and organic matter content. Two yield stresses (termed static and fluidic) were observed for every sample and linearly correlated to each other. The thixotropic studies showed that all mud samples, except from one location, displayed a combination of thixotropic and anti-thixotropic behaviors. The results of frequency sweep tests showed the solid-like character of the sediments within the linear viscoelastic limit. The yield stresses, thixotropy, and moduli of the mud samples increased by going deeper into the sediment bed due to the increase in density of the sediments.

Conclusions
This study confirmed the applicability of the recently developed protocol as a fast and reliable tool to measure the yield stresses of sediments from different locations and depths in the Port of Hamburg. The fluid mud layer, in all the locations it was observed, exhibited relatively small yield stress values and weak thixotropic behavior. This confirms that despite the fact that rheology of fluid mud is complex, this layer can be navigable.
What Have Slow Progressors Taught Us About T1D—Mind the Gap!
Authors: Gillespie Kathleen M. , Long Anna E. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Purpose of Review
Progression rate from islet autoimmunity to clinical diabetes is unpredictable. In this review, we focus on an intriguing group of slow progressors who have high-risk islet autoantibody profiles but some remain diabetes free for decades.

Recent Findings
Birth cohort studies show that islet autoimmunity presents early in life and approximately 70% of individuals with multiple islet autoantibodies develop clinical symptoms of diabetes within 10 years. Some “at risk” individuals however progress very slowly. Recent genetic studies confirm that approximately half of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is diagnosed in adulthood. This creates a conundrum; slow progressors cannot account for the number of cases diagnosed in the adult population.

Summary
There is a large “gap” in our understanding of the pathogenesis of adult onset T1D and a need for longitudinal studies to determine whether there are “at risk” adults in the general population; some of whom are rapid and some slow adult progressors.
An integrated custom decision-support computer aided facility management informative system for healthcare facilities and analysis
Authors: Iadanza Ernesto , Luschi Alessio 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This article presents a Computer Aided Facility Management informative system which can output Key Performance Indicators and quantitative parameters about the analysed healthcare facility. The designed system is a self-sufficient application able to manage and analyse digital plans of hospital buildings with no need of third-party plugins or licenses. The system maps hospital’s inner organisation, destinations of use and environmental comforts giving quantitative, qualitative and graphical reports. The core database is linked to other existing hospital databases, so that the system can act as a central control cockpit. Outputs can be used by top-management and decisional staff as a decision-support tool in order to improve hospital’s structure and organisation and to reduce the major workflow risks. Furthermore, many plug-ins and modules have been developed through the years which can be easily linked to the main application thanks to its REST architecture, and which contribute to a complete analysis and management of the healthcare facilities.
Distribution of Flavobacterium psychrophilum and its gyrA genotypes in a river
Authors: Fujiwara-Nagata Erina , Shindoh Yuki , Yamamoto Michitaka , Okamura Takashi , Takegami Kentaro , Eguchi Mitsuru 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Flavobacterium psychrophilum can be divided into three genotypes, G-C type (ayu type), A-C type (multi-fish type), and A-T type (salmon-trout type), by two single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the DNA gyrase subunit A (gyrA) gene. We isolated F. psychrophilum from various samples collected from the lower basin of a river flowing into Lake Biwa, as a model for bacterial survey, in Shiga Prefecture in June, September, and December from 2010 to 2013 and investigated their gyrA genotypes. All three types of F. psychrophilum were isolated in June when ayu went up the river from the lake. In September, ayu gathered in the lower river basin for spawning and became high in density, almost all of the isolates were of the G-C genotype and the A-T genotype was never isolated. In December, only the A-T type was isolated from the river samples, when Biwa trout Oncorhynchus masou rhodurus came to the river to spawn and were present in the sampling area. In accordance with the seasonal change of the host fish species in the river, the genotype of F. psychrophilum isolated from the environment seems to have changed as well.
A generic Internet of things (IoT) platform supporting plug-and-play device management based on the semantic web
Authors: Kim Woongsup , Ko Haram , Yun Hyeonjin , Sung Jiae , Kim Seeun , Nam Jiseung 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
There is a large variety of Internet of things (IoT) devices and their peripherals available in consumer markets, and IoT deployers should work on customizing device drivers that are compatible with their peripherals. Implementing compatible device drivers, however, often requires a burden of work. This paper proposes a generic platform that enables plug-and-play (PnP) integration for sensors and actuators to allow the addition and removal of IoT device peripherals without re-customizing all the device drivers. To this end, we employ IoT ontologies and semantics to represent IoT device characteristics and to infer IoT device behaviors. IoT device behavior is then passed to the generic device driver to cover device-specific operation. Since the generic device driver selectively operates most of the available function calls required in IoT devices, most of the programming work that is normally required for device customization is removed, and management overhead for software installation and maintenance can be minimized. To this end, we employ IoT ontologies and semantics as well as generic programming techniques in the generic platform in order to configure and control IoT devices. In the proposed platform, IoT device characteristics, including I/O functions and configuration rules, are defined using custom-built IoT ontologies, and operational behaviors are inferred through SPARQL queries. The generic platform then passes function-call name and configuration rules corresponding to the newly added peripheral device’s specification. The experimental results show that our generic platform covers most of the popular sensors available in the market. Our solution therefore enables a true PnP experience of sensors and actuator peripherals in IoT devices.
The study of imaging method for the moving controlled-source electromagnetic method
Authors: Xu Fengjiao , Yan Liangjun , Kachaje Osborne 
Published: September 2019

AbstractImproving the accuracy and enhancing the reliability of controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) inversion in oil exploration in order to identify the interface between oil and water is a great challenge. In this paper, we proposed a variable-angle geometry imaging method by moving the source of CSEM (MCSEM). Firstly, based on the concept of multi-channel transient electromagnetic method, we obtained the quantitative relationship between the offset and detection depth, and then the geometry imaging principle of MCSEM was set up. Secondly, the feasibility study of the geometry imaging method was tested through the 1-D and 3-D forward modeling. Finally, by analyzing the collected field data of MCSEM method in Daqing oil reservoir, high-accuracy pseudo-apparent resistivity profile was obtained based on the geometry imaging method with the help of well-logging calibration. The results showed good compatibility with the 2-D TEM resistivity inversion which demonstrates that the MCSEM has great prospect potential in the identification of oil–water interface explorations.
Regional oncology network between pancreatic centers safeguards waiting times for pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors:   For the Gastrointestinal Oncology Center Amsterdam (GIOCA), Steen M. Willemijn , van Vliet Claire , Festen Sebastiaan , Besselink Marc G. , Gerhards Michael F. , Busch Olivier R. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPancreatoduodenectomy (PD) is increasingly performed in high-volume centers, which may compromise waiting times. The aim of this study was to evaluate patient flow and outcome of PD within a regional oncology network of two high-volume centers. A post hoc analysis of a partially retrospective and prospective database was performed of all patients who underwent PD for pancreatic or periampullary neoplasms in both centers of the Gastrointestinal Oncology Center Amsterdam, a collaboration between an academic center and affiliated general teaching hospital, from 2010 to 2014. Outcomes included waiting time to surgery and postoperative morbidity and mortality. A total of 525 PDs were performed, 329 in the academic center (annual volume 66) and 196 in the teaching hospital (annual volume 39). Neoadjuvant treatment was more often used in the academic center, other baseline characteristics were similar. Overall time to surgery was 26 days, which was significantly less in the teaching hospital. The major postoperative morbidity rate was 38.3% (n = 201), and the 30- and 90-day mortality was 2.3% and 3.6%. A regional oncology network between an academic center and a general teaching hospital for PD can be an attractive option to safeguard waiting times in selected patients, without compromising outcome.
Development of multiplex PCR to detect slow rust resistance genes Lr34 and Lr46 in wheat
Authors: Skowrońska Roksana , Kwiatek Michał , Tomkowiak Agnieszka , Nawracała Jerzy 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina belongs to one of the most dangerous fungal diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and is the cause of large yield losses every year. Here we report a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, which was developed for detection of two important wheat slow rust resistance genes Lr34 and Lr46, using two molecular markers: csLV34 and Xwmc44, respectively. The presence of genes was analyzed in one winter wheat variety TX89D6435 and five spring wheat varieties: Pavon F76, Parula ‘S’, Rayon 89, Kern, Mochis 88. Both Lr34 and Lr46 genes were identified in variety TX89D6435, gene Lr34 was also identified in Parula ‘S’ and Kern varieties, and gene L46 occurs in Pavon F76 and Mochis 88 variety. None of the resistance genes tested was detected in the Rayon 89 variety. The use of the multiplex PCR method allowed to shorten the analysis time, reduce costs of analyses, and reduce the workload.
Future therapeutic strategies for metastatic prostate cancer
Authors: Smits Minke , Gerritsen Winald , Mehra Niven 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
During the last decade several new therapies have been investigated and approved for metastatic prostate cancer that greatly impacts patients’ quality of life and outcome. Nevertheless, optimal sequencing algorithms are still lacking, as are combinatory strategies that deliver long-term disease stabilization. Precision medicine, utilizing molecular profiles from tissue biopsies, will help us deliver optimal patient care by identifying patients that may benefit from targeted- and immunotherapy, and help guide treatment decisions by use of predictive biomarkers. Here, we present an overview of predictive biomarkers in prostate cancer, including mismatch repair and DNA damage repair deficiency, and promising novel targeted- and immunotherapies regimens, such as PSMA-radioligand therapy, PARP inhibition and PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA‑4 checkpoint therapy. We anticipate that these agents in monotherapy and in combination regimens will alter uro-oncological patient management within the next ten years.
Designing of stand-alone hybrid PV/wind/battery system using improved crow search algorithm considering reliability index
Authors: Moghaddam Sasan , Bigdeli Mehdi , Moradlou Majid , Siano Pierluigi 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the design of a hybrid renewable energy PV/wind/battery system is proposed for improving the load supply reliability over a study horizon considering the Net Present Cost (NPC) as the objective function to minimize. The NPC includes the costs related to the investment, replacement, operation, and maintenance of the hybrid system. The considered reliability index is the deficit power-hourly interruption probability of the load demand. The decision variables are the number of PV panels, wind turbines and batteries, capacity of transferred power by inverter, angle of PV panels, and wind tower height. To solve the optimization problem, a new algorithm named improved crow search algorithm (ICSA) is proposed. The design of the system is done for Zanjan city, Iran based on real data of solar radiation and wind speed of this area. The performance of the proposed ICSA is compared with crow search algorithm (CSA) and particle swarm optimization methods in different combinations of system. This comparison shows that the proposed ICSA algorithm has better performance than other methods.