bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological alterations in the ovaries of Amblyomma cajennense semi‐engorged ticks exposed to ethanolic extract of Acmella oleracea
Authors: Anholeto Luís Adriano , de Oliveira Patrícia Rosa , Rodrigues Rodney Alexandre Ferreira , Yamane Lais Thiemi , Castro Karina Neoob de Carvalho , Camargo‐Mathias Maria Izabel 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe present study analyzed the effects of different concentrations of Acmella oleracea crude ethanolic extract (EEAO) on the development of germ cells from semi‐engorged Amblyomma cajennense females in order to evaluate the potential of this natural chemical as a strategy to control these important ectoparasites. A hundred semi‐engorged females were divided into five groups (duplicates) (10 animals/group): Control 1 (distilled water); Control 2 (solvent ethanol 50% and DMSO 1%); and Treatment I to III (3.1, 6.2, and 12.5 mg/mL of EEAO, respectively). For the exposure of the ticks to the extract was used the Adult Immersion Test. After the exposition, the ovaries were removed and submitted to histological analysis using Harris hematoxylin and aqueous eosin. The histochemical tests were performed using PAS and Bromophenol blue staining techniques, for the detection of total polysaccharides and total protein, respectively. The extract caused significant alterations in the oocytes, including changes in the shape of the cells, disorganization, and cytoplasmic vacuolation, decrease in the number of yolk granules and germ vesicle fragmentation. These alterations were more intense in the oocytes in initial developmental stages (I and II). The results obtained in this study confirm the cytotoxic potential of the ethanolic extract of A. oleracea on the germ cells of A. cajennense females, opening up the possibility to use this extract as an alternative to control these ectoparasites.
Cytokine-mediated modulation of the hepatic miRNome: miR-146b-5p is an IL-6-inducible miRNA with multiple targets
Authors: Kirchmeyer Mélanie , Servais Florence A , Hamdorf Matthias , Nazarov Petr V , Ginolhac Aurélien , Halder Rashi , Vallar Laurent , Glanemann Matthias , Rubie Claudia , Lammert Frank , Kreis Stephanie , Behrmann Iris 
Published: October 2018

AbstractInterleukin-6 (IL-6)-type cytokines play important roles in liver (patho-)biology. For instance, they regulate the acute phase response to inflammatory signals and are involved in hepatocarcinogenesis. Much is known about the regulation of protein-coding genes by cytokines whereas their effects on the miRNome is less well understood. We performed a microarray screen to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) in human hepatocytes which are modulated by IL-6-type cytokines. Using samples of 2 donors, 27 and 68 miRNAs (out of 1,733) were found to be differentially expressed upon stimulation with hyper-IL-6 (HIL-6) for up to 72 h, with an overlap of 15 commonly regulated miRNAs. qPCR validation revealed that miR-146b-5p was also consistently up-regulated in hepatocytes derived from 2 other donors. Interestingly, miR-146b-5p (but not miR-146a-5p) was induced by IL-6-type cytokines (HIL-6 and OSM) in non-transformed liver-derived PH5CH8 and THLE2 cells and in Huh-7 hepatoma cells, but not in HepG2 or Hep3B hepatoma cells. We did not find evidence for a differential regulation of miR-146b-5p expression by promoter methylation, also when analyzing the TCGA data set on liver cancer samples. Inducible overexpression of miR-146b-5p in PH5CH8 cells followed by RNA-Seq analysis revealed effects on multiple mRNAs, including those encoding IRAK1 and TRAF6 crucial for Toll-like receptor signaling. Indeed, LPS-mediated signaling was attenuated upon overexpression of miR-146b-5p, suggesting a regulatory loop to modulate inflammatory signaling in hepatocytes. Further validation experiments suggest DNAJC6, MAGEE1, MPHOSPH6, PPP2R1B, SLC10A3, SNRNP27, and TIMM17B to be novel targets for miR-146b-5p (and miR-146a-5p).IL-6-type cytokines up-regulate miR-146b-5p expression in liver cells, an anti-inflammatory miRNA with multiple targets shared with miR-146a-5p.
Understanding Contributing Factors to Cultural Identity of Pakistani Americans
Authors: Bashir Huma A. , Tang Mei 
Published: October 2018

This qualitative study explores the experiences of 3 generations of Pakistani Americans with an aim to understand the contributing factors to their cultural identity and the meaning of their experiences. The sample consists of 1st‐, 1.5‐, and 2nd‐generation Pakistani Americans. Data were collected via semistructured interviews and a focus group and were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results revealed 5 common themes intertwined across generational groups: awareness of cultural identity differences are situational; sense of loss; positive experience; awareness of 2 cultures; and culture and religion. Implications for counseling Pakistani Americans are discussed.Este estudio cualitativo explora las experiencias de tres generaciones de estadounidenses de origen paquistaní, con el objetivo de comprender los factores que contribuyen a su identidad cultural y el significado de sus experiencias. La muestra incluye personas estadounidenses de origen paquistaní de primera, 1.5 y segunda generación. Los datos fueron recopilados a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas y un grupo de enfoque, y fueron analizados usando el análisis temático. Los resultados revelaron cinco temas comunes entrelazados a lo largo de grupos generacionales: la conciencia de que las diferencias de identidad cultural son situacionales; el sentimiento de pérdida; las experiencias positivas; la conciencia de dos culturas; y la cultura y religión. Se discuten las implicaciones para la consejería de personas estadounidenses de origen paquistaní.
Demonstration of circumferential heterogeneity in displacement and strain in the abdominal aortic wall by spiral cine DENSE MRI
Authors: Iffrig Elizabeth , Wilson John S. , Zhong Xiadong , Oshinski John N. 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundKnowledge of tissue properties of the abdominal aorta can improve understanding of vascular disease and guide interventional approaches. Existing MRI methods to quantify aortic wall displacement and strain are unable to discern circumferential heterogeneity.PurposeTo assess regional variation in abdominal aortic wall displacement and strain as a function of circumferential position using spiral cine displacement encoding with stimulated echoes (DENSE).Study TypeProspective.PopulationCardiovascular disease‐free men (n = 8) and women (n = 9) ages 30–42.SequencesProspective electrocardiogram (ECG)‐gated and navigator echo‐gated spiral, cine 2D DENSE and retrospective ECG‐gated phase contrast MR (PCMR) sequences at 3T.AssessmentIn‐plane displacement values of the aortic wall acquired with DENSE were used to determine radial and circumferential aortic wall motion. A quadrilateral‐based 2D strain calculation method was implemented to determine strain from the displacement field. Peak displacement and its radial and circumferential contributions as well as peak circumferential strain were compared among eight circumferential wall segments. Distensibility was calculated using PCMR and compared with homogenized circumferential strain.Statistical TestsTo account for repeated measurements in volunteers, linear mixed models for mean sector values were created for displacement magnitude, circumferential displacement, radial displacement, and circumferential strain. Comparisons were made between sectors. Calculated distensibility and homogenized circumferential strain were compared using Bland–Altman analysis. Statistical significance was defined as P < 0.05.ResultsDisplacement was highest in the anterior wall (1.5 ± 0.7 mm) and was primarily in the radial as compared with circumferential direction (1.04 ± 0.05 mm vs. 0.81 ± 0.42 mm). Circumferential strain was highest in the lateral walls (left 0.16 ± 0.05 and right 0.21 ± 0.12) with homogenized circumferential strain of 0.14 ± 0.05.Data ConclusionDENSE imaging in the abdominal aortic wall demonstrated that the anterior aortic wall exhibits the greatest displacement, while the lateral wall experiences the largest circumferential strain.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:731–743.
Periodontal disease increases the risk for onset of systemic comorbidities in dental hospital attendees: An 18‐year retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhao Dan , Zhen Zhe , Pelekos George , Yiu Kai Hang , Jin Lijian 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundPeriodontal disease closely links to various systemic diseases. This l8‐year retrospective cohort study investigated whether poor periodontal condition may increase the risk for onset of systemic comorbidities.MethodsA total of 488 individual dental folders from 17 400 dental hospital attendees registered from 1996 to 1998 were randomly selected, and these participants were free of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, stroke, cognitive impairment, hypertension, and dyslipidemia in the Clinical Management System. The records of periodontal examination and orthopantomogram on the first registration were obtained, and full‐mouth bone level (BL) was measured. Onsets of the eight comorbidities concerned above until 2016 were retrieved from the system.ResultsThe participants with worse periodontal status on their first registration had significantly higher numbers of the eight comorbidities/mortality during the 18‐year follow‐ups than their counterparts (P < 0.05). BL presented as bone loss/age was independently correlated to the comorbidity profiles in two multivariate models (0 to 1 versus ≥2; 0 to 2 versus ≥3) after adjusting for age and sex (odds ratio [OR] = 1.87; OR = 2.18, P < 0.05), highlighting that the individuals with more bone resorption exhibited a greater number of the comorbidities as compared with their counterparts. Moreover, those with onsets of more comorbidities showed worse periodontal conditions according to four parameters employed (community periodontal index, BL, bone loss/age and number of remaining teeth) (P < 0.05).ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this 18‐year retrospective cohort study, our findings provide the first evidence that periodontal disease experience to some extent reflects the host susceptibility to onset of common systemic comorbidities. Further studies with larger sample sizes and appropriate adjustment of critical confounders are highly warranted to substantiate the current observation.
Holocene relative mean sea‐level changes in the Wadden Sea area, northern Netherlands
Authors: Meijles Erik W. , Kiden Patrick , Streurman Harm‐Jan , van der Plicht Johannes , Vos Peter C. , Gehrels W. Roland , Kopp Robert E. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTAlthough the Netherlands has a long tradition of sea‐level research, no Holocene relative sea‐level curve is available for the north of the country. Previous studies hypothesized that the relative sea‐level reconstruction for the western Netherlands is also valid for the northern part of the country. However, glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) models predict a lower and steeper relative sea‐level curve because of greater postglacial isostatic subsidence. Long‐term data of relative sea‐level change are important to inform GIA models and understand postglacial vertical land motion related to the rebound of Fennoscandia and neotectonic activity. We compiled and evaluated a set of basal peat radiocarbon dates to reconstruct the Holocene relative mean sea‐level rise in the Dutch Wadden Sea area. For the early Holocene, this reconstruction is lower than the western Netherlands curve. After 6400 cal a BP, the curve for the Wadden Sea is statistically indistinguishable from that for the western Netherlands, a result that conflicts with GIA model results. It remains to be investigated whether the problem lies with the GIA model predictions or with the quality of the available data. Additional basal peat radiocarbon dates from suitable sites should be collected to further resolve this problem.
Gingerenone A Sensitizes the Insulin Receptor and Increases Glucose Uptake by Inhibiting the Activity of p70 S6 Kinase
Authors: Chen Junhong , Sun Jing , Prinz Richard A. , Li Yi , Xu Xiulong 
Published: October 2018

ScopeThe bioactive constituents in ginger extract are responsible for anti‐hyperglycemic effects and the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Gingerenone A (Gin A) has been identified as an inhibitor of p70 S6 (S6K1), a kinase that plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. This study aims to evaluate if Gin A can sensitize the insulin receptor by inhibiting S6K1 activity.Methods and resultsWestern blot analysis reveals that Gin A induces phosphatidylinositide‐3 kinase (PI3K) feedback activation in murine 3T3‐L1 adipocytes and rat L6 myotubes, as evidenced by increased AKTS473 and S6K1T389 but decreases S6S235/236 and insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS‐1)S1101 phosphorylation. Western blot and immunoprecipitation analysis reveal that Gin A increases insulin receptor tyrosine phosphorylation in L6 myotubes and IRS‐1 binding to the PI3K in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. Confocal microscopy reveals that Gin A enhances insulin‐induced translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) into the cell membrane in L6 cells. 2‐NBDG (2‐N‐(Nitrobenz‐2‐oxa‐1,3‐diazol‐4‐yl)amino)‐2‐deoxyglucose) Fluorescent assay reveals that Gin A enhances insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes and L6 myotubes.ConclusionsGin A overcomes insulin resistance and increases glucose uptake by inhibiting S6K1 activity. Gin A or other plant‐derived S6K1 inhibitors could be developed as novel antidiabetic agents.
Admission 25‐Hydroxyvitamin D Levels Are Associated With Functional Status at Time of Discharge from Intensive Care Unit in Critically Ill Surgical Patients
Authors: Brook Karolina , Otero Tiffany M.N. , Yeh D. Dante , Canales Cecilia , Belcher Donna , Quraishi Sadeq A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundVitamin D status is associated with length of stay (LOS) and discharge destination in critically ill patients. To further understand this relationship, we investigated whether admission 25‐hydroxyvitaminD (25OHD) levels are associated with discharge functional status in the intensive care unit (ICU).MethodsIn this retrospective study, data from 2 surgical ICUs at a large teaching hospital were analyzed. 25OHD levels were measured within 24 hours of ICU admission and Functional Status Score for the ICU (FSS‐ICU) was calculated within 24 hours of ICU discharge for all patients. To investigate the association of vitamin D status with FSS‐ICU, we constructed linear and logistic regression models, controlling for body mass index, Nutrition Risk in the Critically Ill score, ICU LOS, and cumulative protein or caloric deficit during ICU admission.ResultsMean 25OHD level and FSS‐ICU was 19 (SD 8) ng/mL and 17 (SD 4), respectively, in the analytic cohort (n = 300). Each unit increase in 25OHD level was associated with a 0.2 increment in FSS‐ICU (β = .20; 95% CI 0.14–0.25). Patients with 25OHD levels <20 ng/mL had >3‐fold risk of low FSS‐ICU (<17) compared with patients with 25OHD >20 ng/mL (OR 3.45; 95% CI 1.96–6.08).ConclusionsOur results suggest that vitamin D status at admission is associated with discharge FSS‐ICU in critically ill surgical patients. Future studies are needed to validate our results, to build upon our findings, and to determine whether optimizing 25OHD levels can improve functional status and other important clinical outcomes in ICU patients.
Pathophysiology and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders in the Acutely Ill
Authors: Deane Adam M. , Chapman Marianne J. , Reintam Blaser Annika , McClave Stephen A. , Emmanuel Anton 
Published: October 2018

AbstractGastrointestinal dysmotility causes delayed gastric emptying, enteral feed intolerance, and functional obstruction of the small and large intestine, the latter functional obstructions being frequently termed ileus and Ogilvie syndrome, respectively. In addition to meticulous supportive care, drug therapy may be appropriate in certain situations. There is, however, considerable variation among individuals regarding what gastric residual volume identifies gastric dysmotility and would encourage use of a promotility drug. While the administration of either metoclopramide or erythromycin is supported by evidence it appears that, dual‐drug therapy (erythromycin and metoclopramide) reduces the rate of treatment failure. There is a lack of evidence to guide drug therapy of ileus, but neither erythromycin nor metoclopramide appear to have a role. Several drugs, including ghrelin agonists, highly selective 5‐hydroxytryptamine receptor agonists, and opiate antagonists are being studied in clinical trials. Neostigmine, when infused at a relatively slow rate in patients receiving continuous hemodynamic monitoring, may alleviate the need for endoscopic decompression in some patients.
Hypothalamic Obesity: 4 Years of the International Registry of Hypothalamic Obesity Disorders
Authors: Rose Susan R. , Horne Vincent E. , Bingham Nathan , Jenkins Todd , Black Jennifer , Inge Thomas 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveHypothalamic obesity (HyOb) is a rare cause of rapid weight gain and early metabolic comorbidities. Effective treatment strategies are limited. The registry collected participant data and compared treatment approaches.MethodsThe International Registry of Hypothalamic Obesity Disorders (IRHOD) was created as a registry portal to provide education. Data collected from the initial 4 years were evaluated.ResultsEighty‐seven participants were included for analysis (median age: 27 years, range: 3‐71 years). A total of 96.5% had obesity, and 3.5% had overweight at maximal weight. Seventy‐five had brain tumors (86%)—the majority were craniopharyngiomas (72% of those with tumors). Nontumor etiologies included congenital brain malformation (4.6%), traumatic brain injury (3.4%), and genetic anomaly (2.3%). Ninety percent received obesity treatments including nutritional counseling (82%), pharmacotherapy (59%), bariatric surgery (8%), and vagal nerve stimulation (1%). Forty‐six percent reported follow‐up BMI results after obesity treatment. Surgery was most effective (median BMI decrease: −8.2 kg/m2, median interval: 2.6 years), with lifestyle intervention (BMI: −3.4 kg/m2, interval: 1.2 years) and pharmacological therapy (BMI: −2.3 kg/m2, interval: 0.8 years) being less effective. Eighty percent of participants reporting follow‐up weight remained in the obesity range.ConclusionsIRHOD identified a large cohort with self‐reported HyOb. Surgical therapy was most effective at weight reduction. Nutritional counseling and pharmacotherapy modestly improved BMI. Stepwise treatment strategy for HyOb (including nutritional, pharmacological, and surgical therapies in an experienced center) may be most valuable.
Direct Observation of Bacterial Growth in Giant Unilamellar Vesicles: A Novel Tool for Bacterial Cultures
Authors: Morita Masamune , Katoh Kaoru , Noda Naohiro 
Published: October 2018

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture are Dr. Masamune Morita, Dr. Kaoru Katoh and Dr. Naohiro Noda from the Biomedical Research Institute at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST, Japan). The cover picture shows direct monitoring of real‐time activity of bacterial growth at the single‐cell level inside giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs); entrapped single bacterial cells are actively increasing to a great number of cells inside GUVs. This study shows new applications for GUVs, and can offer a novel tool for culturing bacteria in bacterial studies. Read the full text of their Communication at 10.1002/open.201800126.
A role for surgery in the treatment of relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Fahy A.S. , Kong I. , Weitzman S. , Dix D. , Baruchel S. , Gerstle J.T. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTreatment of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) has advanced over time, rendering a fatal disease now largely curable. Multiagent chemotherapy regimens, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and radiotherapy are the mainstays of care. Surgical intervention is rarely indicated other than for biopsy at diagnosis. However, for patients with recurrent relapsed HL isolated to one anatomical location, refractory to all other therapy, there may be a beneficial role for surgical excision. Herein, we report the surgical management of three relapsed patients with stage IVB HL who were refractory to multiple other therapeutic approaches, who all achieved good event‐free survival after operative management.
Theoretical developments and applications of polarization propagators
Authors: Aucar Gustavo A. , Maldonado Alejandro F. , Montero Marcos D. A. , Santa Cruz Teresita 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe Argentinian studies of response properties by applying polarization propagators started more than 35 years ago. It began when the research group led by Professor Ruben Contreras in Buenos Aires started to apply it to the study of NMR spectroscopic parameters on top of semiempirical methods. Novel theoretical developments and its successful early applications make that this group quickly grew up with students from different regions of Argentina. In this review, we shall expose some Argentinian developments of that formalism, including its extension to the relativistic regime and also its latest formal development, which shows how can it be derived from the more fundamental path integral formalism. The interpretative power and the analysis of different electronic effects, that influence the NMR spectroscopic parameters, will be shown with few selected examples. They include molecules with light and heavy atoms, and also hydrogen‐bonded systems. Novel results and analysis of earlier and latest developments will also be given. One of the main advantages of the formalism of polarization propagators is its flexibility for being applied in both regimes, relativistic and nonrelativistic in the same manner. One can go from one to the other framework, by only scaling the velocity of light.
Quantum Paramagnet Near Spin‐State Transition
Authors: Tomiyasu Keisuke , Ito Naoko , Okazaki Ryuji , Takahashi Yuki , Onodera Mitsugi , Iwasa Kazuaki , Nojima Tsutomu , Aoyama Takuya , Ohgushi Kenya , Ishikawa Yoshihisa , Kamiyama Takashi , Ohira‐Kawamura Seiko , Kofu Maiko , Ishihara Sumio 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSpin‐state transition, also known as spin crossover, plays a key role in diverse systems, including minerals and biological materials. In theory, the boundary range between the low‐ and high‐spin states is expected to enrich the transition and give rise to unusual physical states. However, no compound that realizes a nearly degenerate critical range as the ground state without requiring special external conditions has yet been experimentally identified. This study reports that, by comprehensive measurements of macroscopic physical properties, X‐ray diffractometry, and neutron spectroscopy, the Sc substitution in LaCoO3 destabilizes its nonmagnetic low‐spin state and generates an anomalous paramagnetic state accompanied by the enhancement of transport gap and magneto‐lattice‐expansion as well as the contraction of Co─O distance with the increase of electron site transfer. These phenomena are not well described by the mixture of conventional low‐ and high‐spin states, but by their quantum superposition occurring on the verge of a spin‐state transition. The present study enables us to significantly accelerate the design of new advanced materials without requiring special equipment, based on the concept of quantum spin‐state criticality.