bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emerging switchable ultraviolet photoluminescence in dehydrated Zn/Al layered double hydroxide nanoplatelets
Authors: Prestopino G. , Arrabito G. , Generosi A. , Mattoccia A. , Paci B. , Perez G. , Verona-Rinati G. , Medaglia P. G. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLayered double hydroxides show intriguing physical and chemical properties arising by their intrinsic self-assembled stacking of molecular-thick 2D nanosheets, enhanced active surface area, hosting of guest species by intercalation and anion exchanging capabilities. Here, we report on the unprecedented emerging intense ultraviolet photoluminescence in Zn/Al layered double hydroxide high-aspect-ratio nanoplatelets, which we discovered to be fully activated by drying under vacuum condition and thermal desorption as well. Photoluminescence and its quenching were reproducibly switched by a dehydration–hydration process. Photoluminescence properties were comprehensively evaluated, such as temperature dependence of photoluminescence features and lifetime measurements. The role of 2D morphology and arrangement of hydroxide layers was demonstrated by evaluating the photoluminescence before and after exfoliation of a bulk phase synthetized by a coprecipitation method.
An Exploratory Radiomics Approach to Quantifying Pulmonary Function in CT Images
Authors: Lafata Kyle J. , Zhou Zhennan , Liu Jian-Guo , Hong Julian , Kelsey Chris R. , Yin Fang-Fang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractContemporary medical imaging is becoming increasingly more quantitative. The emerging field of radiomics is a leading example. By translating unstructured data (i.e., images) into structured data (i.e., imaging features), radiomics can potentially characterize clinically useful imaging phenotypes. In this paper, an exploratory radiomics approach is used to investigate the potential association between quantitative imaging features and pulmonary function in CT images. Thirty-nine radiomic features were extracted from the lungs of 64 patients as potential imaging biomarkers for pulmonary function. Collectively, these features capture the morphology of the lungs, as well as intensity variations, fine-texture, and coarse-texture of the pulmonary tissue. The extracted lung radiomics data was compared to conventional pulmonary function tests. In general, patients with larger lungs of homogeneous, low attenuating pulmonary tissue (as measured via radiomics) were found to be associated with poor spirometry performance and a lower diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide. Unsupervised dynamic data clustering revealed subsets of patients with similar lung radiomic patterns that were found to be associated with similar forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) measurements. This implies that patients with similar radiomic feature vectors also presented with comparable spirometry performance, and were separable by varying degrees of pulmonary function as measured by imaging.
The expression of cerebrospinal fluid exosomal miR-630 plays an important role in the dysfunction of endothelial cells after subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Sun Leitao , Zhang Wensheng , Li Zefu , Li Meng , Guo Jiwei , Wang Hongyan , Wang Xiaohong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship of brain microvascular endothelial cell (BMECs) function and the exosomal miR-630 expression after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We evaluated the effects of blood cerebrospinal fluid (BCSF) on proliferation of BMECs by MTT at 0, 1, 3, 7 and 12 days and performed cell cycle analysis after BCSF treatment for 48 h. The expression of endothelial adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and ZO-1) were detected by qRT-PCR and immunofluorescent staining after BCSF treatment. NO produced by BMECs was also evaluated by Griess assay. The expression of exosomal miR-630 was analyzed by qRT-PCR in BCSF treated cell cultu normal cell culture medium andre medium. We further compared the exosomal miR-630 of clinical patients between aSAH and normal hydrocephalus. The adhesion molecules expression was further detected after co-incubation with exosomes transfected by miR-630 mimics. We found that BCSF significantly reduced the cell vitality in a time-dependent manner (p < 0.05) and the growth inhibition ratio reached 78.34 ± 9.22% on the 12th day. BCSF induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase in BMECs (p < 0.01). The expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, ZO-1 and the NO produced by BMECs were markedly reduced following incubation with BCSF. Then we demonstrated that the expression of exosomal miR-630 was markedly reduced in the BCSF treated BMECs and the same phenomenon occurred in aSAH patients compared with normal hydrocephalus. The expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and ZO-1 were then increased in BMECs cocultured with exosomes transfected by miR-630 mimics. In conclusion, the low expression of exosomal miR-630 in CSF was closely related to endothelial function in BCSF endothelial cell injury model and clinical patients.
Spatial coordination in a mutually beneficial bacterial community enhances its antibiotic resistance
Authors: Li Lingjun , Wu Tian , Wang Ying , Ran Min , Kang Yu , Ouyang Qi , Luo Chunxiong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMicrobial communities can survive in complex and variable environments by using different cooperative strategies. However, the behaviors of these mutuality formed communities remain poorly understood, particularly with regard to the characteristics of spatial cooperation. Here, we selected two Escherichia coli strains, designated as the nutrition provider and the antibiotic protector, respectively, for construction of a mutually beneficial bacterial community that could be used to study these behaviors. We found that in addition to the functional mutualism, the two strains also cooperated through their spatial distribution. Under antibiotic pressure, the bacterial distribution changed to yield different spatial distributions, which resulted in community growth advantages beyond functional cooperation. The mutualistic behavior of these two strains suggested that similar communities could also use variations in spatial distribution to improve their survival rates in a natural environment or under the action of antibiotics.
Dynamic regulatory features of the protein tyrosine kinases
Authors: Amatya Neha , Lin David Yin-wei , Andreotti Amy H. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The SRC, Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1, TEC and C-terminal SRC Kinase families of non-receptor tyrosine kinases (collectively the Src module kinases) mediate an array of cellular signaling processes and are therapeutic targets in many disease states. Crystal structures of Src modules kinases provide valuable insights into the regulatory mechanisms that control activation and generate a framework from which drug discovery can advance. The conformational ensembles visited by these multidomain kinases in solution are also key features of the regulatory machinery controlling catalytic activity. Measurement of dynamic motions within kinases substantially augments information derived from crystal structures. In this review, we focus on a body of work that has transformed our understanding of non-receptor tyrosine kinase regulation from a static view to one that incorporates how fluctuations in conformational ensembles and dynamic motions influence activation status. Regulatory dynamic networks are often shared across and between kinase families while specific dynamic behavior distinguishes unique regulatory mechanisms for select kinases. Moreover, intrinsically dynamic regions of kinases likely play important regulatory roles that have only been partially explored. Since there is clear precedence that kinase inhibitors can exploit specific dynamic features, continued efforts to define conformational ensembles and dynamic allostery will be key to combating drug resistance and devising alternate treatments for kinase-associated diseases.
Warm gas in protostellar outflows
Authors: Gómez-Ruiz A. I. , Gusdorf A. , Leurini S. , Menten K. M. , Takahashi S. , Wyrowski F. , Güsten R. 
Published: August 2019

Context. OMC-2/3 is one of the nearest embedded cluster-forming regions that includes intermediate-mass protostars at early stages of evolution. A previous CO (3–2) mapping survey towards this region revealed outflow activity related to sources at different evolutionary phases.
Aims. The present work presents a study of the warm gas in the high-velocity emission from several outflows found in CO (3–2) emission by previous observations, determines their physical conditions, and makes a comparison with previous results in low-mass star-forming regions.
Methods. We used the CHAMP+ heterodyne array on the APEX telescope to map the CO (6–5) and CO (7–6) emission in the OMC-2 FIR 6 and OMC-3 MMS 1-6 regions, and to observe 13CO (6–5) at selected positions. We analyzed these data together with previous CO (3–2) observations. In addition, we mapped the SiO (5–4) emission in OMC-2 FIR 6.
Results. The CO (6–5) emission was detected in most of the outflow lobes in the mapped regions, while the CO (7–6) was found mostly in the OMC-3 outflows. In the OMC-3 MMS 5 outflow, a previously undetected extremely high-velocity gas was found in CO (6–5). This extremely high-velocity emission arises from the regions close to the central object MMS 5. Radiative transfer models revealed that the high-velocity gas from MMS 5 outflow consists of gas with nH2 = 104–105 cm−3 and T > 200 K, similar to what is observed in young Class 0 low-mass protostars. For the other outflows, values of nH2 > 104 cm−3 were found.
Conclusions. The physical conditions and kinematic properties of the young intermediate-mass outflows presented here are similar to those found in outflows from Class 0 low-mass objects. Due to their excitation requirements, mid − J CO lines are good tracers of extremely high-velocity gas in young outflows likely related to jets.
Cloud G074.11+00.11: a stellar cluster in formation
Authors: Saajasto Mika , Harju Jorma , Juvela Mika , Tie Liu , Zhang Qizhou , Liu Sheng-Yuan , Hirano Naomi , Wu Yuefang , Kim Kee-Tae , Tatematsu Ken’ichi , Wang Ke , Thompson Mark 
Published: August 2019

Context. We present molecular line and dust continuum observations of a Planck-detected cold cloud, G074.11+00.11. The cloud consists of a system of curved filaments and a central star-forming clump. The clump is associated with several infrared sources and H2O maser emission.
Aims. We aim to determine the mass distribution and gas dynamics within the clump to investigate if the filamentary structure seen around the clump repeats itself on a smaller scale, and to estimate the fractions of mass contained in dense cores and filaments. The velocity distribution of pristine dense gas can be used to investigate the global dynamical state of the clump, the role of filamentary inflows, filament fragmentation, and core accretion.
Methods. We used molecular line and continuum observations from single dish observatories and interferometric facilities to study the kinematics of the region.
Results. The molecular line observations show that the central clump may have formed as a result of a large-scale filament collision. The central clump contains three compact cores. Assuming a distance of 2.3 kpc, based on Gaia observations and a three-dimensional extinction method of background stars, the mass of the central clump exceeds 700 M⊙, which is roughly ~25% of the total mass of the cloud. Our virial analysis suggests that the central clump and all identified substructures are collapsing. We find no evidence for small-scale filaments associated with the cores.
Conclusions. Our observations indicate that the clump is fragmented into three cores with masses in the range [10, 50] M⊙ and that all three are collapsing. The presence of an H2O maser emission suggests active star formation. However, the CO lines show only weak signs of outflows. We suggest that the region is young and any processes leading to star formation have just recently begun.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided creation of an enterocolostomy to relieve malignant bowel obstruction
Authors: Mir Adil , Parekh Parth J. , Shakhatreh Mohammad , Yeaton Paul 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background and study aim Malignant bowel obstruction can cause significantly distressing symptoms in patients with end stage cancers, often requiring invasive surgical intervention. With such procedures, risks often outweigh the benefit. We report a novel application of the AXIOS stent and electrocautery-enhanced delivery system to create an enterocolostomy to bypass a small bowel obstruction in the setting of recurrent malignant bowel obstruction. A 72-year-old patient presented with recurrent malignant bowel obstruction and was deemed unfit for surgery. Endoscopic ultrasound was used to deploy an AXIOS stent, creating an enterocolostomy resolving the obstruction.
Prädiktoren stimmbezogener Lebensqualität und stimmlicher Selbstwahrnehmung von trans* Frauen
Authors: Salm Sandra , Neumann Sandra 
Published: August 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Zusammenhänge von stimmbezogener Lebensqualität (VQOL) mit Soziodemografie und Transition bei trans* Frauen sind international wenig und im deutschsprachigen Raum noch nicht untersucht. Mittels eines Online-Surveys wurden die VQOL und wahrgenommene Weiblichkeit des eigenen Stimmklangs anhand des TVQMtF erhoben. Es wurden außerdem Daten zur Soziodemografie und Transition erfasst. Zur Bestimmung der Zusammenhänge erfolgten Korrelations- und Regressionsanalysen. Hierfür lagen auswertbare Datensätze von 127 trans* Frauen vor. Signifikanter Prädiktor für die VQOL ist die Inanspruchnahme einer geschlechtsangleichenden Operation. Für die stimmliche Selbstwahrnehmung war dies darüber hinaus die Inanspruchnahme einer Stimmoperation. Insgesamt weisen die berechneten Zusammenhänge auf eine höhere VQOL bei fortgeschrittener Transition hin, sodass im Rahmen des Stimmtrainings bei trans* Frauen der Einfluss der gesamten Transition auf den Outcome berücksichtigt werden sollte.
Magnification endoscopy with optical chromoendoscopy shows strong correlation with histologic inflammation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Klenske Entcho , Atreya Raja , Hartmann Arndt , Fischer Sarah , Hirschmann Simon , Zundler Sebastian , Iaccuci Marietta , Neurath Markus F. , Rath Timo 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Apart from mucosal healing as an established treatment goal in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), recent evidence suggests that histologic healing may become another key prognostic parameter in IBD patients. We aimed to evaluate whether magnification endoscopy with optical chromoendoscopy can accurately assess histologic inflammation in IBD patients.
Patients and methods In this prospective study, 82 patients with IBD (30 UC, 52 CD) were included. In all patients, magnification endoscopy in conjunction with optical chromoendoscopy was performed and rated on a novel magnification endoscopy score by three independent endoscopists. Targeted biopsies of the imaged areas were obtained and results were compared against two histological scores in UC (Robarts Histopathology Index, RHI; Nancy Histology Index, NHI) and one score in CD (modified Riley index, mRI). Moreover, interobserver agreement was calculated.
Results Magnification endoscopy showed strong correlation with histopathologic scoring in both UC (RHI: r = 0.83, NHI: r = 0.78, P < 0.05) and CD (mRI: r = 0.74, P < 0.05) with high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Further, 25 % of patients with mucosal healing on standard endoscopy showed signs of microinflammation on magnification endoscopy with optical chromoendoscopy, while none of the patients with mucosal and vascular healing under magnification endoscopy with optical chromoendoscopy exhibited microscopic inflammation. Interobserver agreement for grading intestinal inflammation by magnification endoscopy with optical chromoendoscopy was substantial (κ > 0.7).
Conclusion Magnification endoscopy in combination with optical chromoendoscopy shows strong correlation with histologic inflammation in patients with IBD. This approach has potential to reduce physical biopsies for monitoring of inflammatory activity in patients with IBD during colonoscopy.
Gastrointestinal Tract and Accessory Organs in the Spotted Bent-toed Gecko, Cyrtodactylus peguensis (Boulenger, 1893): A Histological and Histochemical Study
Authors: Thongboon Lamai , Senarat Sinlapachai , Kettratad Jes , Jiraungkoorskul Wannee , Wangkulangkul Sansareeya , Poolprasert Pisit , Para Chamnan , Kaneko Gen , Pengsaku Theerakamol 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe spotted bent-toed gecko Cyrtodactylus peguensis is one of the exploited reptiles in Thailand. In order to provide basic information for the digestive system of this species, we have examined histologically the gastrointestinal and accessory organs of C. peguensis using routine methods. The gastrointestinal region of this reptile started from the stomach and the intestine. The stomach was separated into fundic and pyloric regions. In both regions, the stomach wall was formed by four distinct tissue layers, including mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa layers. Mucous neck cells and oxynticopeptic cells were identified as glycoprotein-producing cells in the stomach by Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining. The small and large intestines shared many histological characteristics, but the former contained more intestinal folds, while the latter had more PAS-positive goblet cells. Histological characteristics of accessory organs, liver and pancreas, were also provided. Overall, the gastrointestinal and accessory organs of C. peguensis were largely similar to those from other reptiles, but fine structural information will open up considerable opportunities to further studies related to the endocrinology, the physiology, and the conservation of this species.
Neuroimaging in the Emergency Department for Patients with Symptoms of Vitreoretinal Traction
Authors: Malick Adnan , Belin Peter J. , Deramo Vincent , Winokur Jules , Gorski Matthew , Pantic Dorjan , Schloss Evan R. , Fastenberg David 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEye conditions result in 2.4 million emergency department (ED) visits annually. The purpose of this study is to investigate the management of patients with symptoms of vitreoretinal traction. Retrospective observational study was performed in three Northwell Health EDs between January 2014 and January 2017. Patients with monocular flashes, floaters, or changes in visual field for whom ophthalmology were consulted. Ninety-six patients were included (45 female), mean age 58.4 years. Complaints included floaters in 47 (49%), visual field changes in 39 (41%), and flashes in 28 (29%). Eighteen patients (19%) presented with more than one symptom. Of 24 patients with documented eye examinations by emergency physicians, 10 included confrontational visual fields (CVF). Before ophthalmology consultation, tests included blood work in 29 patients (30%), computerized axial tomography (CT) head in 33 (34%), orbit ultrasound in two (2%), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) head in 1one (1%), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)/C-reactive protein (CRP) in one (1%). Diagnoses by ophthalmologists were posterior vitreous detachment in 44 patients (46%), vitreous hemorrhage in 31 (32%), retinal detachment or tears in 12 (13%), central retinal artery occlusion in six (6%), and central or branch retinal vein occlusions in three (3%). Of 12 patients with retinal detachments or tears, 5 (42%) underwent surgery within 1 week. In patients presenting to the ED with symptoms of vitreoretinal traction, over 30% underwent imaging and blood work before ophthalmology consultation. Signs and symptoms of retinal pathology should be recognized promptly. Triaging, focused examination, and a detailed history may lead to fewer imaging studies and more cost savings.
Neutrophil–Lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Venous Thromboembolism after Total Knee Replacement
Authors: Seo Won-Woo , Park Myung-Soo , Kim Sung Eun , Lee Jun-Hee , Park Dae-Gyun , Han Kyoo-Rok , Oh Dong-Jin , Hyon Min-Su 
Published: August 2019

AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a potentially serious complication after total knee replacement (TKR), and recent guideline recommends thromboprophylaxis for VTE after TKR. The neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has emerged as a simple and new prognostic biomarker for several cardiovascular diseases. This study was performed to investigate the precise incidence of postoperative VTE and the role of NLR for predicting VTE in patients receiving thromboprophylaxis after TKR. We retrospectively enrolled 264 patients undergoing TKR who underwent routine screening enhanced pulmonary artery and lower extremity venography computed tomography (CT) scan within 7 postoperative days. Biochemical tests were performed within 2 weeks prior to surgery, and the NLR was defined as the absolute neutrophil count in peripheral blood divided by lymphocyte count. All patients received thromboprophylaxis with enoxaparin postoperatively. Of 264 patients, 102 (38.6%) were diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism on CT scan. Preoperative NLR was significantly higher in patients with postoperative VTE compared with that in patients without VTE (2.57 ± 1.59 vs. 2.11 ± 1.10, p = 0.011). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that a preoperative NLR of 1.90 was the best cutoff value for the prediction of postoperative VTE (sensitivity 57.8%, specificity 55.6%, and area under curve 0.589). In the multivariate analysis, a preoperative NLR ≥1.90 was a sole independent predictor of postoperative VTE (odds ratio: 1.95, 95% computed tomography: 1.16–3.31, p = 0.013). The present study shows a higher incidence of VTE (38.6%) after TKR in patients receiving thromboprophylaxis than that reported in previous studies. Furthermore, preoperative NLR was significantly higher in patients with postoperative VTE, and a high preoperative NLR (≥1.90) was an independent predictor of VTE after TKR. NLR measurement may be a simple and useful method for the prediction of VTE in patients undergoing TKR.
Volume-Based Consolidation-to-Tumor Ratio Is a Useful Predictor for Postoperative Upstaging in Stage I and II Lung Adenocarcinomas
Authors: Shimomura Masanori , Iwasaki Masashi , Ishihara Shunta , Inoue Masayoshi 
Published: August 2019

Background We investigated the postoperative upstaging of stage I and II lung adenocarcinoma patients to identify useful predictors for accurate staging.
Methods We retrospectively reviewed data from 80 consecutive patients undergoing lobectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection for clinical stage I and II lung adenocarcinomas. We evaluated clinical variables, including the preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), tumor diameter, consolidation-to-tumor ratio (CTR), maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) on FDG- PET, expression of epithelial growth factor receptor mutations, and pathological invasion to the pleura (pl), lymph duct (ly), and vein (v).
Results Eleven patients (13.8%) showed postoperative upstaging. Three cases had pN1 migrating from cN0, four cases had pN2 from cN0, and four cases showed malignant pleural effusion. The CEA level and CTR were significantly higher in the upstaging group. The tumors in the upstaging group showed more frequent pathological invasion to the visceral pleura and vein. In patients with 3 cm or smaller consolidation, two-dimensional (2D)-CTR and volume-based CTR were independent predictors of upstaging.
Conclusions Volume-based CTR could be a useful predictor for accurate clinical staging in stage I and II adenocarcinoma patients in addition to consolidation size, serum CEA level, and 2D-CTR. Both volume-based and 2D-CTRs might be especially useful in T1 diseases.