bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical Fitness in Patients With Oligoarticular and Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Diagnosed in the Era of Biologics: A Controlled Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Risum Kristine , Edvardsen Elisabeth , Godang Kristin , Selvaag Anne M. , Hansen Bjørge H. , Molberg Øyvind , Bollerslev Jens , Holm Inger , Dagfinrud Hanne , Sanner Helga 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveTo perform a comprehensive evaluation of and identify correlates for physical fitness in consecutive patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) who have been diagnosed in the era of biologics and to compare the results with those obtained in healthy controls.MethodsThe study cohort included 60 patients with JIA (50 girls) ages 10–16 years and 60 age‐ and sex‐matched controls. The JIA group included 30 patients with persistent oligoarticular JIA and 30 patients with extended oligoarticular or polyarticular disease. Measures of physical fitness included cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) by peak oxygen uptake (Vo2peak) during a continuous graded treadmill exercise test, muscle strength by isokinetic and isometric knee and hand grip evaluations, and bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition by dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry. Physical activity was assessed by accelerometry.ResultsForty‐two percent of the patients were being treated with biologic drugs. Patients with JIA demonstrated lower muscle strength and total body BMD compared to controls, but there were no differences in CRF and body composition. Physical fitness was comparable between the persistent oligoarticular and extended oligoarticular/polyarticular‐JIA groups. In patients with JIA, we identified associations between higher vigorous physical activity and higher CRF and muscle strength, but did not find any association between physical fitness and disease variables.ConclusionIn this cohort of patients with JIA, we found suboptimal muscle strength and BMD compared to controls, but no differences in CRF and body composition. Vigorous physical activities appeared important for optimizing muscle strength and CRF in patients with JIA; the importance of such activities should be highlighted in patient education.
Multifunctional Delivery Nanosystems Formed by Degradable Antibacterial Poly(Aspartic Acid) Derivatives for Infected Skin Defect Therapy
Authors: Song Hai‐Qing , Shao Mei‐Yu , Li Yang , Ding Xue‐Jia , Xu Fu‐Jian 
Published: November 2018

AbstractNucleic acid (NA)‐based therapy is promising for tissue repair, such as skin and bone defect therapy. However, bacterial infections often occur in the process of tissue healing. The ideal treatment of tissue repair requires both anti‐infection and simultaneous tissue healing. The epidermal growth factor (EGF) plays an important role in wound healing processes. In this work, degradable antibacterial gene vectors based on tobramycin (clinically relevant antibiotic) conjugated poly(aspartic acid) (TPT) are proposed as multifunctional delivery nanosystems of plasmid encoding EGF (pEGF) to realize the antibacterial therapy and tissue healing of infected skin defects. TPT has low cytotoxicity and good degradability, which is helpful in the NA delivery process. TPT demonstrates good transfection performances and hemocompatibility, as well as excellent antibacterial activities in vitro. The outstanding pEGF delivery ability of TPT and the bioactivity of expressed EGF facilitate the proliferation of fibroblast cells. The effective in vivo infected skin defect therapy is also demonstrated with TPT/pEGF nanocomplexes, where skin tissue healing is promoted. The present work opens new avenues for the design of multifunctional delivery nanosystems with antibacterial ability to treat infected tissue defect.
In Vivo Tumor Photoacoustic Imaging and Photothermal Therapy Based on Supra‐(Carbon Nanodots)
Authors: Xu Guiying , Bao Xin , Chen Jingqin , Zhang Bohan , Li Di , Zhou Ding , Wang Xiaoyun , Liu Chengbo , Wang Yingli , Qu Songnan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCarbon nanodots (CNDs) with high photothermal conversion efficiency are considered as emerging nanomaterials for advanced biomedical applications attributing to their high biocompatibility, low‐cost, and unique photophysical properties. In previous work, supra‐CNDs are synthesized exhibiting high absorption in the near‐infrared (NIR) region and good NIR photothermal conversion performance. In this work, supra‐CNDs are explored as a photothermal agent for photothermal therapy (PTT) and a contrast agent for photoacoustic (PA) imaging, respectively. As a result, in vivo tumor PTT is realized under 655 nm laser irradiation via intratumor injecting supra‐CNDs. In vivo PA imaging reveals that supra‐CNDs can accumulate in the tumor tissue via the blood circulation after intravenous injection. Moreover, in vivo PTT is conducted after intravenous injection and subsequent tumor accumulation of supra‐CNDs, and the lives of mice are prolonged due to the tumor growth inhibition after PTT. These attractive properties indicate that the supra‐CNDs can be used as biomedical agents for PA imaging and tumor therapy.
Paper Microfluidics for Cell Analysis
Authors: Ma Jun , Yan Shiqiang , Miao Chunyue , Li Linmei , Shi Weiwei , Liu Xianming , Luo Yong , Liu Tingjiao , Lin Bingcheng , Wu Wenming , Lu Yao 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPaper microfluidics has attracted much attention since its first introduction around one decade ago due to the merits such as low cost, ease of fabrication and operation, portability, and facile integration with other devices. The dominant application for paper microfluidics still lies in point‐of‐care testing (POCT), which holds great promise to provide diagnostic tools to meet the ASSURED criteria. With micro/nanostructures inside, paper substrates provide a natural 3D scaffold to mimic native cellular microenvironments and create excellent biointerfaces for cell analysis applications, such as long‐term 3D cell culture, cell capture/phenotyping, and cell‐related biochemical analysis (small molecules, protein DNA, etc.). This review summarizes cell‐related applications based on various engineered paper microdevices and provides some perspectives for paper microfluidics‐based cell analysis.
The Remote Light Emission Modulated by Local Surface Plasmon Resonance for the CdSe NW–Au NP Hybrid Structure
Authors: He Jingru , Li Jing , Xia Jing , Tian Lifeng , Jin Binbin , Zhou Shaomin , Sun Mengtao , Meng Xiangmin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCdSe nanowire (NW)–Au nanoparticle (NP) compounds are synthesized successfully using the method of physical vapor deposition, and the modulated remote emission is realized in the hybrid structure with strong metal–semiconductor coupling. The well‐crystallized, uniform morphology, smooth surface CdSe NW is attached with an Au NP on the terminal, which forms the integration structure with direct plasmon–exciton coupling of semiconductor–metal hybrid system. When the CdSe terminal or Au NP terminal of the hybrid structure is excited by the laser with wavelength of 633 nm, the remote light emission at another terminal is greatly modulated. To reveal the physical mechanism of energy conviction between plasmon and exciton, finite‐difference time‐domain simulations are performed for the CdSe NW–Au NP hybrid structures. The calculated results confirm that the modulation of remote light emission is attributed to the competing of the quench of photoluminescence and the electric field enhancement of local surface plasmon resonance. These works can provide deeper understanding of physical mechanism of plasmon and exciton coupling, and open up new application for the remote light sensing and detection.
Conformal Conducting Polymer Shells on V2O5 Nanosheet Arrays as a High‐Rate and Stable Zinc‐Ion Battery Cathode
Authors: Xu Dongming , Wang Huanwen , Li Fuyun , Guan Zhecun , Wang Rui , He Beibei , Gong Yansheng , Hu Xianluo 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) have become research focus because of their cost‐effectiveness, high safety, and eco‐friendliness. Unfortunately, sluggish Zn2+ diffusion kinetics and the poor cycling stability in cathode materials impede their large‐scale application. Herein, V2O5@poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) hybrid nanosheet arrays are uniformly deposited on carbon cloth (CC) as a superior ZIB cathode. The as‐fabricated V2O5@PEDOT/CC electrode displays a maximum capacity of 360 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1. Meanwhile, this hybrid array electrode also shows high rate capability with a specific capacity of 232 mAh g−1 even at a large current density of 20 A g−1, and excellent cycling life (97% retention after 600 cycles at 1 A g−1 and 89% retention after 1000 cycles at 5 A g−1). The largely increased Zn‐storage performance of the V2O5@PEDOT nanosheet arrays results from the synergistic effects of the two components: the V2O5 nanosheet arrays provide enough Zn‐storage active sites, while the PEDOT coating shell increases zinc ion/electron transport kinetics and further acts as a protective layer to restrain structural collapse during cycling.
Are nanoclay‐containing polymer composites safe for food packaging applications?—An overview
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Jayita , Ray Suprakas Sinha 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTThe growth in polymer‐based innovative packaging technology has brought about a revolution in extending the shelf life of many food and aquatic products. One of the emerging areas in this field is polymer nanocomposite (PNC) technology, which involves the incorporation of various chemicals and nanoadditives into polymers to improve their inherent properties or to add required functionality. Because the nanoparticles may interact with food components during processing, storage, or distribution and may migrate into food, PNC‐based packaging materials require awareness and understanding of their potential impact on human health and the environment. Interest in migration and cytotoxic analysis of PNC has gained considerable momentum in recent years. The focus of this article is on clay‐containing PNCs because the global trend in PNCs shows that 50% of all nanofillers constitute nanoclays of either natural or synthetic origin. This article presents a summary of perspectives on international regulations on test parameters and migration of chemicals from materials that come into contact with food, followed by a critical review of (1) complaints concerning the polymers, compatibilizers, and adhesive tie layers used in polymeric packages, (2) migration of constituents from PNC‐based films/articles, and (3) toxicity evaluation of nanoclays and migration of nanoclays from PNCs. Finally, we believe a review article of this nature will help academic and industrial researchers who want to bring advanced PNC‐based products into the market for food packaging applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47214.
Anatomical Variation in Maxillary Sinus Ostium Positioning: Implications for Nasal‐Sinus Disease
Authors: Butaric Lauren N. , Wadle Michael , Gascon Jemuel ,   Pediatric Imaging, Neurocognition and Genetics Study
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTAmong humans, superiorly located maxillary sinus ostia (MSO) result in drainage complications and maxillary sinus (MS) disease. While previous studies investigate maxillary sinusitis frequency or MSO‐position relative to specific nasal landmarks, few explore MSO‐position to overall MS dimensions. This study investigates whether MSO‐position relates to MS size/shape and if sex‐based differences exist. Twenty‐nine landmarks, placed on magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of 109 individuals (males = 57; females = 52), captured maximum dimensions of the cranium, MS, nasal cavity, and MSO‐position relative to the MS floor (MSO_MSF) and nasal floor (MSO_NCF). Landmark coordinates were used to calculate centroid sizes and 13 linear distances; distances were size standardized by cranial centroid‐size. Principal components analysis (PCA) on 3D‐coordinates indicates that variation in MSO‐position relates to superior–inferior MS positioning within the face (PC1 22% variance) and MS height (PC2 12% variance). Regression analyses indicate that MS size (r2 = 0.502; P < 0.001) and height (r2 = 0.589; P < 0.0001) strongly contribute to MSO_MSF: larger, taller MSs exhibit greater MSO_MSFs. Sex‐based differences were not evident in PC shape‐analyses nor among size‐standardized dimensions. However, Mann–Whitney U‐tests indicate females have absolutely smaller MSs (P = 0.001) and MSO_MSF distances (P = 0.001). Further, regressions indicate females exhibit lower MSO_MSFs for a similar MS height. Overall, MSOs superiorly placed relative to the MS floor correlate with larger, taller MSs and/or sinuses positioned inferiorly within the face. While craniofacial surgeons/clinicians should be aware of potential sex‐based differences in MS size and MSO position, this study does not suggest that higher incidences of female‐reported sinusitis relate to sex‐based differences in MS anatomy. Anat Rec, 302:917–930, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Chronic Opioid Use in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Prevalence and Predictors
Authors: Lee Yvonne C. , Kremer Joel , Guan Hongshu , Greenberg Jeffrey , Solomon Daniel H. 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveThe opioid epidemic is a major public health concern. However, little is known about opioid use among rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. We undertook this study to examine trends in chronic opioid use in RA patients in 2002–2015 and to identify clinical predictors.MethodsRA patients were identified from the Corrona registry. Opioid use was ascertained from surveys obtained at clinical visits as often as every 3 months. Chronic opioid use was defined as any opioid use reported during ≥2 consecutive study visits. Annual prevalence of chronic opioid use was calculated using data from 33,739 RA patients with information on opioid use from ≥2 visits. Among the 26,288 individuals who were not taking opioids at baseline, Cox proportional hazards models identified associations between patient characteristics and incident chronic opioid use. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated.ResultsChronic opioid use increased from 7.4% in 2002 to 16.9% in 2015. Severe pain (HR 2.53 [95% CI 2.19–2.92]) and antidepressant use (HR 1.79 [95% CI 1.64–1.92]) were associated with an increased risk of chronic opioid use. High disease activity (HR 1.55 [95% CI 1.30–1.84]) and a high level of disability (HR 1.45 [95% CI 1.27–1.65]) were also associated with chronic opioid use, whereas Asian ethnicity (HR 0.49 [95% CI 0.36–0.68]) was associated with a decreased risk of chronic opioid use.ConclusionAmong RA patients, chronic opioid use doubled from 2002 to 2015. Pain and antidepressant use were the strongest predictors of chronic opioid use. To curb the rise in chronic opioid use, strategies for stringent control of RA disease activity and management of pain and depression should be research priorities.
A Fluorescent Probe with Aggregation‐Induced Emission for Detecting Alkaline Phosphatase and Cell Imaging
Authors: Lin Mingang , Huang Jing , Zeng Fang , Wu Shuizhu 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAlkaline phosphatase (ALP) is associated with many diseases, and its accurate detection is of great significance. Fluorescent compounds with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) feature show beneficial advantages for serving as fluorescent probes. Herein, an AIE‐active “turn on” probe for ALP detection was synthesized through incorporating a strong electron‐withdrawing group (cyano) in the middle and the recognition moiety phosphate group at the end, thereby rendering a D–A–D structure with a relatively high conjugation degree and good water solubility. It was found that the probe TPE‐CN‐pho is highly sensitive to ALP in aqueous solution. In the presence of ALP, the hydrophilic phosphate group on the probe is rapidly removed, resulting in a decrease in water solubility and subsequent formation of aggregates, thereby achieving aggregation‐induced emission. Moreover, the probe TPE‐CN‐pho has also been successfully applied to imaging ALP in living cells.
Molecular Radical Chain Initiators for Ambient‐ to Low‐Temperature Applications
Authors: Székely Anna , Klussmann Martin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAn overview of methods for the initiation of radical chain reactions by specific initiator compounds, which generate radicals, is given. These can be utilized to initiate any kind of radical chain reaction by transforming substrates into the desired radical intermediates. Azo initiators, peroxides, nitroxides, trialkylboranes, dialkyl zinc compounds, and type I photoinitiators are discussed, as well as methods of redox‐ and sonochemical initiation. Methods of direct radical formation from the substrates, such as photoredox catalysis or high‐energy irradiation, are not included. The focus of this review lies on rather “low” temperatures in the range of 50 °C down to −78 °C, which can be useful to achieve more selective reactions. Illustrative applications of such radical chain initiators in a variety of reactions are discussed, including stereoselective ones and polymerizations.
Behavioral inhibition and activation as a modifier process in autism spectrum disorder: Examination of self‐reported BIS/BAS and alpha EEG asymmetry
Authors: Schiltz Hillary K. , McVey Alana J. , Barrington Alexander , Haendel Angela D. , Dolan Bridget K. , Willar Kirsten S. , Pleiss Sheryl , Karst Jeffrey S. , Vogt Elisabeth , Murphy Christina C. , Gonring Kelsey , Van Hecke Amy Vaughan 
Published: November 2018

The Modifier Model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) suggests that phenotypic variability within ASD is rooted in modifier processes, such as the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and behavioral activation system (BAS). Among a sample of 53 adolescents with ASD, this study examined associations between (a) self‐reported BIS/BAS and frontal and parietal alpha electroencephalogram asymmetry and whether these indices related to (b) ASD severity (via the Autism Quotient), and/or (c) co‐occurring anxiety and attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (via Youth Self Report and Child Behavior Checklist). Findings showed that alpha asymmetry was associated with self‐reported BAS scores, such that greater BAS was related to greater right‐frontal hemisphere activation and relatively greater left‐parietal hemisphere activation. Additionally, associations emerged between ASD severity and self‐reported BAS and alpha asymmetry, and between anxiety symptoms and self‐reported BIS and alpha asymmetry. Furthermore, mediation analyses revealed that BAS mediated the association between asymmetry and autism severity. Therefore, alpha asymmetry and BIS/BAS activity may provide insight into how ASD presents in adolescence as well as who might be at greater risk for developing co‐occurring psychopathologies. This study highlights the importance of considering motivational systems to elucidate individual differences among youth with ASD and working toward the longer term goal of better understanding differential responses to treatment. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1653–1666. © 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryDifferences in the likelihood to avoid (behavioral inhibition system; BIS) or approach (behavioral activation system; BAS) situations are thought to relate to patterns of brain activity (via electroencephalogram asymmetry asymmetry). This study revealed that these tendencies may influence the presentation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and symptoms of anxiety in adolescents with ASD.
Aberrant functional connectivity of neural circuits associated with social and sensorimotor deficits in young children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Chen Heng , Wang Jia , Uddin Lucina Q. , Wang Xiaomin , Guo Xiaonan , Lu Fengmei , Duan Xujun , Wu Lijie , Chen Huafu 
Published: November 2018

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by atypical functional integration of brain regions. The vast majority of neuroimaging studies of ASD have focused on older children, adolescents, and adults with the disorder. Very little work has explored whole‐brain functional connectivity of young children with ASD. Here, we collected resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 58 young children (mean age 4.98 years; 29 with ASD; 29 matched healthy controls [HC]). All children were under sedation during scanning. A functional “connectedness” method was first used to seek for brain regions showing atypical functional connectivity (FC) in children with ASD. Then, a recurrent‐seek strategy was applied to reveal atypical FC circuits in ASD children. FC matrices between regions‐of‐interest (ROIs) were compared between ASD and HC. Finally, a support vector regression (SVR) method was used to assess the relationship between the FC circuits and ASD symptom severity. Two atypical FC circuits comprising 23 ROIs in ASD were revealed: one predominantly comprised brain regions involved with social cognition showing under‐connectivity in ASD; the other predominantly comprised sensory‐motor and visual brain regions showing over‐connectivity in ASD. The SVR analysis showed that the two FC circuits were separately related to social deficits and restricted behavior scores. These findings indicate disrupted FC of neural circuits involved in the social and sensorimotor processes in young children with ASD. The finding of the atypical FC patterns in young children with ASD underscores the utility of studying younger children with the disorder, and highlights nuanced patterns of brain connectivity underlying behavior closer to disorder onset. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1643–1652. © 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an early‐onset neurodevelopmental disorder. Understanding brain functional alterations at early ages is important for understanding biological mechanisms of ASD. Here, we found two atypical brain functional circuits in young children with ASD that were related to social and sensorimotor function. These results show how atypical patterns of brain functional connectivity in young children with of ASD may underlie core symptoms of the disorder.
Lipid nanoparticles silence tumor necrosis factor α to improve wound healing in diabetic mice
Authors: Kasiewicz Lisa N. , Whitehead Kathryn A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDiabetes mellitus is a mounting concern in the United States, as are the mortality and morbidity that result from its complications. Of particular concern, diabetes patients frequently suffer from impaired wound healing and resultant nonhealing diabetic foot ulcers. These ulcers overproduce tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), which reduces wound bed cell migration and proliferation while encouraging apoptosis. Herein, we describe the use of siRNA‐loaded lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) as a potential wound treatment to combat an overzealous immune response and facilitate wound closure. LNPs were formulated with an ionizable, degradable lipidoid and siRNA specific for TNFα. Topical application of nanoparticles reduced TNFα mRNA expression in the wound by 40–55% in diabetic and nondiabetic mice. In diabetic mice, this TNFα knockdown accelerated wound healing compared to untreated controls. Together, these results serve as proof‐of‐concept that RNA interference therapy using LNPs can reduce the severity and duration of chronic diabetic wounds.