bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tailoring the Molecular Skeleton of Aza‐BODIPYs to Design Photostable Red‐Light‐Emitting Laser Dyes
Authors: Prieto‐Castañeda Alejandro , Avellanal‐Zaballa Edurne , Gartzia‐Rivero Leire , Cerdán Luis , Agarrabeitia Antonia R. , García‐Moreno Inmaculada , Bañuelos Jorge , Ortiz María J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by Maria Cristina Devesa, the Organic Chemistry Group from the Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), the Molecular Spectroscopy Group from Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU) and the Laser Materials Group from Instituto Rocasolano (CSIC). The image shows the bright and stable deep‐red emission from the designed aza‐BODIPY chromophores. Such laser emission can be pushed towards the near‐infrared upon a rational selection of the substitution pattern of the fluorophore. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/cptc.201800225.
Using functional traits to predict species growth trajectories, and cross‐validation to evaluate these models for ecological prediction
Authors: Thomas Freya M. , Yen Jian D. L. , Vesk Peter A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractModeling plant growth using functional traits is important for understanding the mechanisms that underpin growth and for predicting new situations. We use three data sets on plant height over time and two validation methods—in‐sample model fit and leave‐one‐species‐out cross‐validation—to evaluate non‐linear growth model predictive performance based on functional traits. In‐sample measures of model fit differed substantially from out‐of‐sample model predictive performance; the bestfittingmodels were rarely the bestpredictivemodels. Careful selection of predictor variables reduced the bias in parameter estimates, and there was no single best model across our three data sets. Testing and comparing multiple model forms is important. We developed an R package with a formula interface for straightforward fitting and validation of hierarchical, non‐linear growth models. Our intent is to encourage thorough testing of multiple growth model forms and an increased emphasis on assessing model fit relative to a model's purpose.
Effects of distance on detectability of Arctic waterfowl using double‐observer sampling during helicopter surveys
Authors: Alisauskas Ray T. , Conn Paul B. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAerial survey is an important, widely employed approach for estimating free‐ranging wildlife over large or inaccessible study areas. We studied how a distance covariate influenced probability of double‐observer detections for birds counted during a helicopter survey in Canada’s central Arctic. Two observers, one behind the other but visually obscured from each other, counted birds in an incompletely shared field of view to a distance of 200 m. Each observer assigned detections to one of five 40‐m distance bins, guided by semi‐transparent marks on aircraft windows. Detections were recorded with distance bin, taxonomic group, wing‐flapping behavior, and group size. We compared two general model‐based estimation approaches pertinent to sampling wildlife under such situations. One was based on double‐observer methods without distance information, that provide sampling analogous to that required for mark–recapture (MR) estimation of detection probability,, and group abundance,, along a fixed‐width strip transect. The other method incorporated double‐observer MR with a categorical distance covariate (MRD). A priori, we were concerned that estimators from MR models were compromised by heterogeneity indue to un‐modeled distance information; that is, more distant birds are less likely to be detected by both observers, with the predicted effect thatwould be biased high, andbiased low. We found that, despite increased complexity, MRD models (ΔAICc range: 0–16) fit data far better than MR models (ΔAICc range: 204–258). However, contrary to expectation, the more naïve MR estimators ofwere biased low in all cases, but only by 2%–5% in most cases. We suspect that this apparently anomalous finding was the result of specific limitations to, and trade‐offs in, visibility by observers on the survey platform used. While MR models provided acceptable point estimates of group abundance, their far higher stranded errors (0%–40%) compared to MRD estimates would compromise ability to detect temporal or spatial differences in abundance. Given improved precision of MRD models relative to MR models, and the possibility of bias when using MR methods from other survey platforms, we recommend avian ecologists use MRD protocols and estimation procedures when surveying Arctic bird populations.
Precision gain versus effort with joint models using detection/non‐detection and banding data
Authors: Sanderlin Jamie S. , Block William M. , Strohmeyer Brenda E. , Saab Victoria A. , Ganey Joseph L. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCapture–recapture techniques provide valuable information, but are often more cost‐prohibitive at large spatial and temporal scales than less‐intensive sampling techniques. Model development combining multiple data sources to leverage data source strengths and for improved parameter precision has increased, but with limited discussion on precision gain versus effort. We present a general framework for evaluating trade‐offs between precision gained and costs associated with acquiring multiple data sources, useful for designing future or new phases of current studies.We illustrated how Bayesian hierarchical joint models using detection/non‐detection and banding data can improve abundance, survival, and recruitment inference, and quantified data source costs in a northern Arizona, USA, western bluebird (Sialia mexicana) population. We used an 8‐year detection/non‐detection (distributed across the landscape) and banding (subset of locations within landscape) data set to estimate parameters. We constructed separate models using detection/non‐detection and banding data, and a joint model using both data types to evaluate parameter precision gain relative to effort.Joint model parameter estimates were more precise than single data model estimates, but parameter precision varied (apparent survival > abundance > recruitment). Banding provided greater apparent survival precision than detection/non‐detection data. Therefore, little precision was gained when detection/non‐detection data were added to banding data. Additional costs were minimal; however, additional spatial coverage and ability to estimate abundance and recruitment improved inference. Conversely, more precision was gained when adding banding to detection/non‐detection data at higher cost. Spatial coverage was identical, yet survival and abundance estimates were more precise. Justification of increased costs associated with additional data types depends on project objectives.We illustrate a general framework for evaluating precision gain relative to effort, applicable to joint data models with any data type combination. This framework evaluates costs and benefits from and effort levels between multiple data types, thus improving population monitoring designs.
Use of classical bird census transects as spatial replicates for hierarchical modeling of an avian community
Authors: Jiménez‐Franco María V. , Kéry Marc , León‐Ortega Mario , Robledano Francisco , Esteve Miguel A. , Calvo José F. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractNew monitoring programs are often designed with some form of temporal replication to deal with imperfect detection by means of occupancy models. However, classical bird census data from earlier times often lack temporal replication, precluding detection‐corrected inferences about occupancy. Historical data have a key role in many ecological studies intended to document range shifts, and so need to be made comparable with present‐day data by accounting for detection probability. We analyze a classical bird census conducted in the region of Murcia (SE Spain) in 1991 and 1992 and propose a solution to estimating detection probability for such historical data when used in a community occupancy model: the spatial replication of subplots nested within larger plots allows estimation of detection probability. In our study, the basic sample units were 1‐km transects, which were considered spatial replicates in two aggregation schemes. We fit two Bayesian multispecies occupancy models, one for each aggregation scheme, and evaluated the linear and quadratic effect of forest cover and temperature, and a linear effect of precipitation on species occupancy probabilities. Using spatial rather than temporal replicates allowed us to obtain individual species occupancy probabilities and species richness accounting for imperfect detection. Species‐specific occupancy and community size decreased with increasing annual mean temperature. Both aggregation schemes yielded estimates of occupancy and detectability that were highly correlated for each species, so in the design of future surveys ecological reasons and cost‐effective sampling designs should be considered to select the most suitable aggregation scheme. In conclusion, the use of spatial replication may often allow historical survey data to be applied formally hierarchical occupancy models and be compared with modern‐day data of the species community to analyze global change process.
Characteristics and development trends of ecohydrology in lakes and reservoirs: Insights from bibliometrics
Authors: Peng Kai , Deng Jianming , Gong Zhijun , Qin Boqiang 
Published: February 2019

AbstractEcohydrology, an interdisciplinary subject connecting ecology and hydrology, has developed rapidly in recent years. Because lakes and reservoirs are responsible for the drinking water supply of billions of people and water issues are becoming increasingly severe, the importance of these water bodies is self‐evident. Lake (reservoir) ecohydrology has thus attracted considerable attention. This study aimed to analyse the characteristics and development trends of ecohydrology using a bibliometric analysis based on the Science Citation Index database. A total of 21,753 papers from 1900 to 2017 on lake (reservoir) ecohydrology were published in 2,323 journals, and the large majority of them were published in the past three decades. Most research has been concentrated in Europe (40.0%) and North America (31.0%). Among these studies, a few key lakes, for example, Lake Taihu, Lake Erie, Lake Michigan, and Lake Ontario, have been analysed in detail by numerous researchers. The results of a word frequency analysis show that the topics related to ecohydrology have transformed from the microcosmic perspective to the macroscopic perspective, and major topics includeeutrophication,global change,models, andecosystem management. The results of a principal component analysis show that the scope of lake (reservoir) ecohydrology research in Europe and North America has stagnated in recent years, whereas in China, ecohydrology research has developed rapidly over the same period. The development of ecohydrology research around the world is not even, and we need to push for more research on major lakes that are outside of Europe, the United States, and China.
Not even wrong: the spurious measurement of biodiversity's effects on ecosystem functioning
Authors: Pillai Pradeep , Gouhier Tarik C. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractUnderstanding how biodiversity influences ecosystem functioning is one of the central goals of modern ecology. The early and often acrimonious debates about the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning were largely resolved following the advent of a statistical partitioning scheme that decomposed the net effect of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning into a “selection” effect and a “complementarity” effect. Here we show that both the biodiversity effect and its statistical decomposition into selection and complementarity are fundamentally flawed because these methods use a naïve null expectation based on neutrality, likely leading to an overestimate of the net biodiversity effect, and because they fail to account for the nonlinear abundance‐ecosystem‐functioning relationships widely observed in nature. Furthermore, under nonlinearity no such statistical scheme can be devised to partition the biodiversity effect. We also present an alternative approach that provides a more reasonable starting point for estimating biodiversity effects. Overall, our results suggest that all studies conducted since the early 1990s are likely to have overestimated the positive effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning.
Hydrothermal liquefaction of Malaysia's algal biomass for high‐quality bio‐oil production
Authors: Abdul Latif Nor‐Insyirah Syahira , Ong Mei Yin , Nomanbhay Saifuddin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCurrently, fossil materials form the majority of our energy and chemical source. Many global concerns force us to rethink about our current dependence on the fossil energy. Limiting the use of these energy sources is a key priority for most countries that pledge to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The application of biomass, as substitute fossil resources for producing biofuels, plastics and chemicals, is a widely accepted strategy for sustainable development. Aquatic plants including algae possess competitive advantages as biomass resources compared to the terrestrial plants in this current global situation. Bio‐oil production from algal biomass is technically and economically viable, cost competitive, requires no capacious lands and minimal water use and reduces atmospheric carbon dioxide. The aim of this paper is to review the potential of converting algal biomass, as an aquatic plant, into high‐quality crude bio‐oil through applicable processes in Malaysia. In particular, bio‐based materials and fuels from algal biomass are considered as one of the reliable alternatives for clean energy. Currently, pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) are two foremost processes for bio‐oil production from biomass. HTL can directly convert high‐moisture algal biomass into bio‐oil, whereas pyrolysis requires feedstock drying to reduce the energy consumption during the process. Microwave‐assisted HTL, which can be conducted in aqueous environment, is suitable for aquatic plants and wet biomass such as algae.
Beurteilung des Abriebwiderstands verbesserter Böden im Radversuchsstand
Authors: Becker Andreas , Vrettos Christos 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDas Befahren unbefestigter Straßen führt in trockenen Perioden zu unerwünschter Staubbildung mit negativen Folgen bzgl. der Verkehrssicherheit. Bei stärkeren Regenereignissen kann eine unzureichende Oberflächenversiegelung zu Erosion und Straßenunebenheiten führen. Eine kostengünstige und bewährte Stabilisierungsmaßnahme ist der Zusatz von Kalkhydrat. Ein natürlich anstehender bindiger Boden wurde durch Kalkzugabe verbessert und hinsichtlich Tragfähigkeit und Quellpotenzial untersucht. Ein neuer, selbst entwickelter Radversuchsstand für terramechanische Anwendungen wurde zur Quantifizierung des erhöhten Abriebwiderstands bei Beanspruchung des Bodens durch ein drehendes Modellrad eingesetzt. Die Studie bestätigt die signifikante Verbesserung infolge der Bindemittelzugabe. Eine Gleichung zur ersten Abschätzung der Radeinsenkung als Funktion der Radübergänge wird aus den Ergebnissen hergeleitet.
Maternal experience of their infants’ crying in the context of war trauma: Determinants and consequences
Authors: Lahti Katri , Vänskä Mervi , Qouta Samir R. , Diab Safwat Y. , Perko Kaisa , Punamäki Raija‐Leena 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTWe examined, first, how prenatal maternal mental health and war trauma predicted mothers’ experience of their infant crying, indicated by emotions, cognitions, and behavior; and second, how these experiences influenced the mother–infant interaction and infant development. Participants were 511 Palestinian mothers from the Gaza Strip, reporting their war trauma, symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and perceived stress during pregnancy (Time 1). They reported experiences of infant crying at 4 months (Time 2), and the mother–infant interaction and infant sensorimotor and language development at 12 months of infants’ age (Time 3). Results revealed that maternal mental health problems, but not war trauma, were important to experiences of infant crying. A high level of PTSD symptoms predicted negative emotions evoked by infant crying, and high depressive symptoms predicted low active and positive responses to crying. Unexpectedly, high prenatal perceived stress predicted high active and positive responsiveness. Concerning the consequences, mothers’ sensitive interpretation of infant crying predicted optimal infant sensorimotor development, and mothers’ active and positive responses predicted high emotional availability in mother–infant interaction. Crying is the first communication tool for infants, and mothers’ sensitive responses to crying contribute to infant well‐being. Therefore, reinforcing mother's optimal responses is important when helping war‐affected dyads.
The link between child temperament and low‐income mothers’ and fathers’ parenting
Authors: Padilla Christina M. , Ryan Rebecca M. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTNumerous studies have shown that children's temperamental characteristics impact the quality and quantity of parent–child interactions. However, these studies have largely focused on middle‐class samples, have not compared multiple domains of parenting across mothers and fathers, and have not considered the possibility of nonlinear associations between temperament and parenting. The present study addresses these gaps by examining the potentially nonlinear role of two temperamental characteristics—negative emotionality and sociability—in predicting the quality and quantity of low‐income mothers’ and fathers’ parenting. Data were drawn from the Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project, a study of low‐income children and families. Results indicated that whereas parenting quality was somewhat impaired when children were temperamentally vulnerable (low sociability, high negativity), parents increased parenting quantity with the same vulnerable children. There was some evidence that parents were most reactive to children who scored either very high or very low on negative emotionality and sociability in both parenting domains. Patterns also suggest that mothers were more reactive to sociability, and fathers to negative emotionality.
Inhibition of activated factor X; a new pathway in ameliorating carbon tetrachloride–induced liver fibrosis in rats
Authors: Mahmoud Nesreen Ishak , Messiha Basim Anwar Shehata , Abo‐Saif Ali Ahmed , Abdel‐Bakky Mohamed Sadek 
Published: February 2019

AbstractActivated factor X has a central role in the coagulation activation and also contributes to chronic inflammation and tissue fibrosis. In this study, rivaroxaban, a direct factor X inhibitor, attenuates liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Male rats were randomly allocated into three groups: a control group, CCl
4 fibrotic group, and CCl
4+rivaroxaban (5 mg/kg) group. Liver fibrosis was induced by subcutaneous injection of CCl
4 twice a week for 6 weeks. Rivaroxaban significantly restored the biochemical parameter including inflammatory and fibrosis markers with histopathological evidence using routine and Masson trichrome staining. It reduced also the expression of tissue factor, fibrin, transforming growth factor and α‐smooth muscle actin in the liver tissues. This concludes that rivaroxaban attenuates liver injury caused by CCl
4, at least in part by inhibiting coagulation and proinflammatory activation. In conclusion, rivaroxaban may be used for the management of liver fibrosis.
Effects of CPAP on the transcriptional signatures in patients with obstructive sleep apnea via coexpression network analysis
Authors: Peng Juxiang , Song Jukun , Zhou Jing , Yin Xinhai , Song Jinlin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA growing number of studies provide epidemiological evidence linking obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with a number of chronic disorders. Transcriptional analyses have been conducted to analyze the gene expression data. However, the weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) method has not been applied to determine the transcriptional consequence of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy in patients with severe OSA. The aim of this study was to identify key pathways and genes in patients with OSA that are influenced by CPAP treatment and uncover/unveil potential molecular mechanisms using WGCNA. We analyzed the microarray data of OSA (GSE 49800) listed in the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Coexpression modules were constructed using WGCNA. In addition, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis were also conducted. After the initial data processing, 5101 expressed gene profiles were identified. Next, a weighted gene coexpression network was established and 16 modules of coexpressed genes were identified. The interaction analysis demonstrated a relative independence of gene expression in these modules. The black module, tan module, midnightblue module, pink module, and greenyellow module were significantly associated with the alterations in circulating leukocyte gene expression at baseline and after exposure to CPAP. The five hub genes were considered to be candidate OSA‐related genes after CPAP treatment. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that steroid biosynthesis, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, and the insulin signaling pathway play critical roles in the development of OSA in circulating leukocyte gene expression at baseline and after exposure to CPAP. Using this new systems biology approach, we identified several genes and pathways that appear to be critical to OSA after CPAP treatment, and these findings provide a better understanding of OSA pathogenesis.
C1qTNF‐related protein‐6 protects against doxorubicin‐induced cardiac injury
Authors: Zheng Wei‐Feng , Zhang Shou‐Yan , Ma Hui‐Fang , Chang Xue‐Wei , Wang Hao 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe clinical use of doxorubicin (DOX) is limited by its toxic effect. However, there is no specific drug that can prevent DOX‐related cardiac injury. C1qTNF‐related protein‐6 (CTRP6) is a newly identified adiponectin paralog with many protective functions on metabolism and cardiovascular diseases. However, little is known about the effect of CTRP6 on DOX‐induced cardiac injury. The present study aimed to investigate whether CTRP6 could protect against DOX‐related cardiotoxicity. To induce acute cardiotoxicity, the mice were intraperitoneally injected with a single dose of DOX (15 mg/kg). Cardiomyocyte‐specific CTRP6 overexpression was achieved using an adenoassociated virus system at 4 weeks before DOX injection. The data in our study demonstrated that CTRP6 messenger RNA and protein expression were decreased in DOX‐treated hearts. CTRP6 attenuated cardiac atrophy induced by DOX injection and inhibited cardiac apoptosis and improved cardiac function in vivo. CTRP6 also promoted the activation of protein kinase B (AKT/PKB) signaling pathway in DOX‐treated mice. CTRP6 prevented cardiomyocytes from DOX‐induced apoptosis and activated the AKT pathway in vitro. CTRP6 lost its protection against DOX‐induced cardiac injury in mice with AKT inhibition. In conclusion, CTRP6 protected the heart from DOX‐cardiotoxicity and improves cardiac function via activation of the AKT signaling pathway.