bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti‐mold properties of fermented apple juice in bread
Authors: Gélinas Pierre , Rémillard Nathalie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesBread may be spoiled by mold, which results in major economic losses. The aim of this study was to optimize the anti‐mold properties of apple juice fermented with Propionibacterium freudenreichii to get high levels of propionic acid with lesser amounts of acetic acid, which impairs bread taste.FindingsAfter fermentation for 7 days at 35°C, apple juice (half‐diluted to about 4% fermentable sugars; with 1% yeast extract; pH adjusted to 6.0) contained 1.0% propionic acid and little amounts of acetic acid (about 0.35%).ConclusionsIn bread, the anti‐mold activity of fermented apple juice (5%, fb) was similar to that of apple cider vinegar (2.44%, fb).Significance and NoveltyFermented apple juice is a novel mold inhibitor for bread that may replace apple cider vinegar and part of calcium propionate.
Synthesis of Core‐Functionalised Naphthalenediimides from Naphthalenetetracarboxylic Dianhydride using a Vibratory Ball Mill: Bromination, Imidization and Heck‐Type Reactions
Authors: Dodson E. M. , Lawson T. E. , Lai‐Morrice J. , Emerit H. , Guest D. P. , Panther L. A. , Gonzalez‐Mendez R. , Roe S. M. , Goodall C. A. I. , Bagley M. C. , Spencer J. , Greenland B. W. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe synthesis of 9 core‐functionalised naphthalene diimide (c‐NDI) residues is reported via a 3‐step synthesis from naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride using only mechanochemical activation. Selective dibromination and subsequent diimidization were achieved for the first time in a vibratory ball mill, resulting in the key structural intermediate, 2,6‐dibromonaphthalenediimide (DBND), which is the basis for elaboration into a multitude of organic electronic materials. Our new synthesis of DBND is achieved in just 5 hours reaction time over two steps compared to typical solution state times of 24 hours. Subsequent Heck‐type cross coupling reactions, with a range of styrene residues, produced a series of c‐NDIs in good yields. The Heck‐type reactions are rapid (1.5 hours), require no additional heating or solvent and are tolerant of atmospheric moisture and air.
Real time optimization of distillation columns using data‐driven models
Authors: Rodriguez Carlos , Mhaskar Prashant , Mahalec Vladimir 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis work presents a data‐driven model of a two‐product distillation tower that is suitable for real‐time optimization (RTO) of distillation columns. The proposed model accurately predicts product mass fractions using operating variables and tray temperatures by integrating a linear data‐driven inferential composition model (based on two tray temperatures in each section of the tower, reflux/distillate ratio, and reboiler duty/bottoms flow ratio) with a neural network (NN) model that predicts tray temperatures from the value of the manipulated variables. RTO is carried out via an iterative procedure where the sensitivity matrix is initially calculated from the model and updated using plant measurements from subsequent values. A butane splitter column is presented as a case study. Our results show that the implementation of the data‐driven model‐based RTO results in a solution that is within 0.1% of the optimization solution based on the rigorous tray‐to‐tray distillation simulation.
Carbon Dots Boost the Electrocatalytic Ammonia Oxidation Reaction on Pt2Pd Nanosheet
Authors: Guo Jinzeng , Li Penghao , Chen Jinxin , Zhu Wenxiang , Ma Mengjie , Gao Dongdong , Qiu Pengcheng , Shao Qi , Liao Fan , Shao Mingwang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe development of efficient catalysts for high‐performance ammonia oxidation reaction (AOR) is crucial for direct ammonia fuel cells. However, AOR is severely affected by slow kinetics and the toxicity of reaction intermediates, which reduce the durability of precious metal catalysts. Here, a two‐dimensional carbon dots modified Pt2Pd nanoporous alloy (Pt2Pd‐CDs) is synthesized through the borane morpholine reduction of a platinum palladium oxide nanosheet. The Pt2Pd_3 % CDs (the mass of CDs is 3 % of Pt2Pd) exhibits high AOR activity and stability in alkaline media, with an onset potential of 0.41 V vs. RHE, which is 170 mV lower than that of the commercial Pt/C (0.58 V vs. RHE). In addition, after 2000 cycles of accelerated durability testing, the peak mass activity (115.3 A gPGM−1) decreases by only 25.8 %. This enhancement is mainly attributed to the unique advantage of two‐dimensional nanoporous structure with a high electrochemical surface area, and the strong ammonia adsorption and the electron deliver capacity of CDs.
Woody Encroachment Modifies Subsurface Structure and Hydrological Function
Authors: Jarecke Karla M. , Zhang Xi , Keen Rachel M. , Dumont Marc , Li Bonan , Sadayappan Kayalvizhi , Moreno Victoria , Ajami Hoori , Billings Sharon A. , Flores Alejandro N. , Hirmas Daniel R. , Kirk Matthew F. , Li Li , Nippert Jesse B. , Singha Kamini , Sullivan Pamela L. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWoody encroachment—the expansion of woody shrubs into grasslands—is a widely documented phenomenon with global significance for the water cycle. However, its effects on watershed hydrology, including streamflow and groundwater recharge, remain poorly understood. A key challenge is the limited understanding of how changes to root abundance, size and distribution across soil depths influence infiltration and preferential flow. We hypothesised that woody shrubs would increase and deepen coarse‐root abundance and effective soil porosity, thus promoting deeper soil water infiltration and increasing soil water flow velocities. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a study at the Konza Prairie Biological Station in Kansas, where roughleaf dogwood (Cornus drummondii) is the predominant woody shrub encroaching into native tallgrass prairie. We quantified the distribution of coarse and fine roots and leveraged soil moisture time series and electrical resistivity imaging to analyse soil water flow beneath shrubs and grasses. We observed a greater fraction of coarse roots beneath shrubs compared to grasses, which was concurrent with greater saturated hydraulic conductivity and effective porosity. Half‐hourly rainfall and soil moisture data show that the average soil water flow through macropores was 135% greater beneath shrubs than grasses at the deepest B horizon, consistent with greater saturated hydraulic conductivity. Soil‐moisture time series and electrical resistivity imaging also indicated that large rainfall events and greater antecedent wetness promoted more flow in the deeper layers beneath shrubs than beneath grasses. These findings suggest that woody encroachment alters soil hydrologic processes with cascading consequences for ecohydrological processes, including increased vertical connectivity and potential groundwater recharge.
Storage of Rabbit Meat in Vacuum Extends the Oxidative Stability of Fat
Authors: Vissio Annalisa , Grygier Anna , Składanowska‐Baryza Joanna , Kmiecik Dominik , Stanisz Marek , Majewski Arkadiusz , Rudzińska Magdalena 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMeat quality is a very important factor for both food safety and consumer acceptance, and proper storage of meat can extend the time it stays fresh. This study thus looked at the effects of the atmosphere in which rabbit meat was stored on the oxidative stability of the meat and on its volatile compounds. Not only does the formation of oxidative products adversely affect the human body, but the compounds formed during oxidative changes also typically possess unpleasant aromas, leading to deterioration in the flavor of the meat. Our study analyzed three types of storage atmosphere for rabbit meat: vacuum (VAC), a modified atmosphere (LoOxMAP) composed of 60% CO2, 25% O2, and 15% N2, and an MAP (HiOxMAP) composed of 30% CO2 and 70% O2. The results show that the MAP with 70% oxygen (HiOxMAP) is the least beneficial variant of the three. Rabbit meat packed under HiOxMAP showed the greatest oxidative changes, and volatile compounds providing an unpleasant odor were detected. The fewest changes in meat stored for 21 days occurred in samples stored in VAC.Practical Applications: For the long‐term storage of rabbit meat at refrigerated temperature, it is best to use a vacuum atmosphere to slow down the oxidative changes in the meat fat.
A novel biaxial shaking table and its performance when investigating seismic actions
Authors: Tiwari Rohit , Jimenez Arturo , Russell Adrian R. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe design of a new type of biaxial shaking table is presented. The shaking table is able to apply horizontal and vertical movements to models using two actuators. It is novel in that the two actuators are horizontally aligned, through its use of a scissor mechanism, and because of its compact design which permits simple anchorage to a laboratory strong floor. The scissor mechanism translates the movement of one of the actuators to a purely vertical movement at the table. The other actuator, which moves horizontally the scissor mechanism and its supports, causes the horizontal movement of the table. The horizontal and vertical movements are applied and controlled independently, individually or simultaneously. The capability of the shaking table to control and replicate a variety of uniaxial and biaxial movements is verified by conducting several shaking table experiments. This is done when the table is naked and when it supports a payload having a nonlinear dynamic response. Very good agreements between achieved and desired uniaxial and biaxial movements are attained. Rigidity of the scissor arm mechanism and connections, and preloaded roller bearings and rail blocks, are central to its success. Displacement errors, rolling, pitching and yawing of the table's top plate are negligible. The new table type is slightly more expensive than a uniaxial system, and substantially less expensive than a six degrees‐of freedom system, meaning biaxial vertical and horizontal shaking capability can now be achieved in a laboratory at reasonable cost.
Comparative Analysis of Structural, Optical, and Electronic Properties of Nickel Oxide and Potassium‐Doped Nickel Oxide Nanocrystals
Authors: Karishma  , Tripathi Neeti , Pandey Ratnesh Kumar , Tripathi Ambuj , Asokan K. , Bhushan Vishal , Sharma Vikas 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMetal oxide semiconductors, known for their exceptional optical transparency, high carrier mobility, and stability, have found extensive use in emerging technologies such as optoelectronics and energy storage devices. Among all metal oxide semiconductors, nickel oxide (NiO) stands out as a highly favorable candidate due to its p‐type conductivity along with its substantial band gap (3.5–4 eV) for the broad range of applications, including gas sensors, high‐rate Lithium‐ion batteries, high‐performance supercapacitors, and photovoltaic devices. In light of these versatile applications, our current study presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of the structural and optoelectronic properties of NiO and potassium (K)‐doped NiO nanocrystals. The nanocrystals were synthesized using the co‐precipitation route and subsequently annealed at 500°C under ambient conditions. The effect of K doping on the structural and optoelectronic characteristics was systematically examined using various techniques, including x‐ray diffraction, UV–visible spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Hall effect measurements. To explore the structural characteristics, XRD measurements were performed, which confirm the FCC structure of nanocrystals. The optical property analysis suggested that the formation of the energy level can contribute to reduction of the band gap. A sharp peak at 397 cm−1 is associated with NiO bond in FTIR spectra which verifies the formation of nanocrystals. Moreover, the incorporation of K increases the intensity of the Raman peaks, which provides evidence for the higher degree of crystallinity in doped samples. These results of Raman scattering are in good agreement with XRD outcomes. In addition, the resistivity of NiO nanocrystals decreases monotonically with the increasing K concentration. The results of temperature‐dependent resistivity further demonstrate that electrons required more energy to jump from one polaron state to another in the case of x = 0.01 M and 0.03 M doped Ni0.5‐xKxO samples. The combination of a diminished band gap and enhanced conductivity makes these materials exceptionally promising for applications in optoelectronics and energy storage.
Recent Advancements and Future Prospects in Lithium‐Ion Battery Thermal Management Techniques
Authors: Nema Puneet Kumar , Vijaya  , Muthukumar P. , Thangavel Ranjith 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTLithium‐ion batteries (LiBs) are the leading choice for powering electric vehicles due to their advantageous characteristics, including low self‐discharge rates and high energy and power density. However, the degradation in the performance and sustainability of lithium‐ion battery packs over the long term in electric vehicles is affected due to the elevated temperatures induced by charge and discharge cycles. Moreover, the thermal runaway (TR) issues due to the heat generated during the electrochemical reactions are the most significant safety concern for LiBs, as inadequate heat dissipation can be potentially hazardous, leading to explosions and fires. Considering the safety of EVs and for better performance, understanding the mechanism of TR is of paramount importance. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the TR phenomenon and underlying electrochemical principles governing heat accumulation during charge and discharge cycles. Furthermore, the article explores the cell modeling and thermal management techniques intended for both individual lithium‐ion battery cells and larger battery packs, with a particular emphasis on enhancing fire prevention and safety measures. The main goal of this review paper is to offer new insights to the developing battery community, assisting in the development of efficient battery thermal management systems (BTMS) using enhanced cooling methodologies. This article could also support the advancement of next‐generation electric vehicle battery packs equipped with built‐in safety features to improve the cycle life of LiBs and prevent thermal runaway accidents.
Exploring the Nexus Between Emulsifier Characteristics and Salmonella Typhimurium Viability in Oil‐in‐Water Emulsions
Authors: Tsai Shawn , Tikekar Rohan V. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMolecular characteristics of emulsifiers such as their molecular weight (MW) and surface charge, not only affect the stability of the emulsion but also can have an impact on its capacity to either inhibit or promote microbial proliferation. These characteristics can affect the behavior of pathogens such as Salmonella Typhimurium in emulsion systems. The growth and thermal resistance of S. Typhimurium were monitored at different oil content levels (20%, 40%, and 60%) in emulsions stabilized by three whey protein‐based emulsifiers: whey protein isolate (WPI), whey protein hydrolysate (WPH), and a modified WPI with an alteration of charge (WPI+). Our study revealed that emulsifier itself with different MW and surface charge had no effect on bacterial growth and inactivation without oil inclusion (p > 0.05). However, it was found that higher bacterial growth rate at 60% oil content emulsion stabilized with WPI+ (0.65 ± 0.03 log CFU/h) than WPI (0.19 ± 0.04 log CFU/h), which showed the charge of emulsifiers has different effects on microbial dynamics in oil‐in‐water emulsion. Interestingly, WPI+ in emulsions also seemed to convey protection against thermal inactivation of bacteria. These data describe a complex interrelationship between the physicochemical characteristics of the emulsifier and its interacting nature with bacterial cells. They throw even more light on the insight about the importance of a strategic approach toward emulsifier selection in food formulations. This is crucial for the food safety and stability of products.
Knowledge and perception of dental educators regarding relative value units: A pilot study
Authors: Puranik Chaitanya , Pickett‐Nairne Kaci , Antonellou Ekaterini , De Souza Grace M. , Khandelwal Namita , Perrine Valerie , Subramani Karthikeyan , Robinson Michelle 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the knowledge and perception among dental educators regarding the use of relative value units (RVUs) in medicine, perceived benefits in dentistry, and the relative ranking of the components to define RVUs in dentistry.MethodsA convenience sample of dental educators participating in the American Dental Education Association's Leadership Institute (2023–2024) cohort was surveyed for their knowledge and perception regarding RVUs. The responses were stratified based on experience with RVUs prior to statistical analyses (α = 0.05).ResultsTwenty‐six dental educators from 18 different North American dental schools and nine different dental specialties participated in this pilot study. Although not significant, a higher proportion of dental educators with prior experience perceived RVUs as a valuable tool in dental practice for assigning chair time, developing payment models, and tracking student–resident progress in a clinical course. There was a lack of consensus among dental educators regarding the components for determining dental procedural RVUs.ConclusionThis pilot study provides limited evidence that prior knowledge of RVUs may be related to its perceived benefits among dental educators, but a broader study design is needed to draw meaningful conclusions and universally acceptable components for determining RVUs in dentistry.
The Influence of Perspective on Perception: Assessing Residue Across Planes of Videofluoroscopy
Authors: Jones‐Rastelli R. Brynn , Crossman Claire , Price D'manda , Stal Frederick , Molfenter Sonja 
Published: November 2024

Objectives(1) To determine whether perception of pharyngeal residue severity differs by view plane on videofluoroscopy. (2) To explore whether the Bolus Clearance Ratio (BCR) can be reliably applied in the anterior–posterior (AP) plane. (3) To investigate the relationship between perception of residue severity and BCR measures across view planes.MethodsImages of the same bolus condition in lateral and AP were rated using a simple 5‐point ordinal descriptive scale (none, trace, mild, moderate, severe) by 225 speech‐language pathologists via electronic survey. BCR measures were obtained for the same set of images from four trained raters. Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests and cumulative mixed modeling were used to compare ratings by plane. BCR reliability was calculated using intraclass correlation coefficients. Perceptual ratings were compared with BCR measures using Spearman correlations.Result(1) Perception of residue severity was not consistent across plane in 9/10 image pairs (p < 0.05), with a significant fixed effect of plane on severity rating (β = 0.41; z = 7.27; p < 0.001). The directionality of differences varied by case. (2) Inter‐rater reliability for BCR measures was good across lateral (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.82) and AP (ICC = 0.87) planes, with superior intra‐rater reliability in AP (lateral ICC = 0.85; AP ICC = 0.98). (3) There was a strong positive correlation between perceptual ratings and BCR measures in both planes.ConclusionsPerception of pharyngeal residue severity differs between lateral and AP planes with inconsistent directionality raising important questions about the clinical implications of single plane studies. The BCR shows good‐excellent reliability and strong correlation with perception across planes, offering a promising method for cross‐plane quantification.Level of EvidenceLevel III, diagnostic study with a gold standard Laryngoscope, 2024
Successful treatment with olanzapine and aripiprazole of a schizophrenic patient who developed priapism after switching from risperidone to paliperidone
Authors: Kawahara Saki , Watanabe Kazuyuki , Inazumi Kazuhiko , Kimura Makoto , Hirose Yuki , Koishikawa Hiraki 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundIschemic priapism is a rare pathological condition, and delayed intervention can result in irreversible sequelae. Most cases are attributed to the use of antipsychotics. The blockade of α1‐adrenergic receptors is thought to be associated with the disease onset, although data supporting this hypothesis are lacking. No consensus regarding the optimal choice of medication is available.Case PresentationA 59‐year‐old man with schizophrenia, who had been receiving long‐acting injections of risperidone, developed ischemic priapism after receiving paliperidone treatment. Following improvement in ischemic priapism, we administered a combination of aripiprazole and olanzapine, which improved his psychiatric symptoms. We did not observe any recurrence of ischemic priapism.ConclusionsSwitching the antipsychotic drug causing ischemic priapism to patients having a relatively low affinity for α1‐adrenergic receptors may enable the treatment of schizophrenia without recurrence of ischemic priapism. In addition to the affinity for α1‐adrenergic receptor, differences in metabolic enzyme types and antipsychotic doses may be involved in the occurrence of ischemic priapism. Accumulating evidence is necessary to establish guidelines for selecting medication of patients with ischemic priapism.
Mechanical characterization of a 3D printed lattice core sandwich structure
Authors: Fareed Muhammad Irfan , Wu Chang‐Mou , Sood Mohit 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSandwich structures have garnered interest as versatile structures for applications in advanced engineering structures. To fabricate sandwich structures, plastics have replaced conventional materials; however, most of these plastics remain in the environment beyond their functional lifespan. This study describes the fabrication of sustainable hybrid sandwich structures with 3D printed poly‐lactic acid (PLA) cores and self‐reinforced polyethylene terephthalate (srPET) face sheets. The mechanical responses of the hybrid sandwich structures with three types of lattice cores, S‐90, S‐45, and S‐V, were compared with those of the parent material sandwich structures after performing bending and impact tests. The face sheet in the hybrid sandwich structure transferred the load to the core without failure. The hybrid sandwich structure containing the S‐90 core exhibited a higher fracture strength (52.4 MPa) and tangent modulus of elasticity (2860 MPa) than those of the other structures. S‐V exhibited the highest fracture strains of 3.3% and 5% for parent material and hybrid sandwich structures, respectively. This study highlights the sandwich structures with excellent mechanical properties for structural applications.Highlights
Novel sandwich structures with 3D printed PLA cores are fabricated.
Three‐point bending and low‐velocity impact tests are performed.
Failure occurred in the core, but the Sr‐PET face sheets did not deform.
Hybrid sandwich structures significantly improve mechanical performance.