bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Commercial fisheries losses arising from interactions with offshore pipelines and other oil and gas infrastructure and activities
Authors: Rouse Sally , Hayes Peter , Wilding Thomas A 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Interactions between fishing vessels and oil and gas infrastructure can result in damage to fishing gear, loss of fishing time/access, and risks to crew health and safety. The spatial and temporal patterns characterizing previous incidents (and subsequent losses) between fishers and oil and gas infrastructure were quantified and used to identify key risk factors associated with fisheries losses. Between the years 1989 and 2016, 1590 incidents that resulted in a financial loss, vessel abandonment, or an injury/fatality for UK commercial fishers were recorded. The annual number of recorded incidents decreased by 98.6% over a 27-year period. The majority of past incidences resulted in financial losses (rather than injuries or fatalities) and were associated with interactions between single otter trawlers and oil and gas production-related debris. The odds of an incidence occurring varied according to substrate type and fishing intensity. A risk-model for pipeline–fishing interactions in the Fladen Ground showed that there was significant spatial heterogeneity in the risk of an incident along a pipeline according to the angle and intensity of fishing. The results highlight the need to include the full spectrum of potential losses in fisheries impact assessments associated with the installation and decommissioning of oil and gas assets.
The therapy is making me sick: how online portal communications between breast cancer patients and physicians indicate medication discontinuation
Authors: Yin Zhijun , Harrell Morgan , Warner Jeremy L , Chen Qingxia , Fabbri Daniel , Malin Bradley A 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Objective
Online platforms have created a variety of opportunities for breast patients to discuss their hormonal therapy, a long-term adjuvant treatment to reduce the chance of breast cancer occurrence and mortality. The goal of this investigation is to ascertain the extent to which the messages breast cancer patients communicated through an online portal can indicate their potential for discontinuing hormonal therapy.

Materials and Methods
We studied the de-identified electronic medical records of 1106 breast cancer patients who were prescribed hormonal therapy at Vanderbilt University Medical Center over a 12-year period. We designed a data-driven approach to investigate patients’ patterns of messaging with healthcare providers, the topics they communicated, and the extent to which these messaging behaviors associate with the likelihood that a patient will discontinue a prescribed 5-year regimen of therapy.

Results
The results indicates that messaging rate over time [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.373, P = 0.002], mentions of side effects (HR = 1.214, P = 0.006), and surgery-related topics (HR = 1.170, P = 0.034) were associated with increased risk of early medication discontinuation. In contrast, seeking professional suggestions (HR = 0.766, P = 0.002), expressing gratitude to healthcare providers (HR = 0.872, P = 0.044), and mentions of drugs used to treat side effects (HR = 0.807, P = 0.013) were associated with decreased risk of medication discontinuation.

Discussion and Conclusion
This investigation suggests that patient-generated content can inform the study of health-related behaviors. Given that approximately 50% of breast cancer patients do not complete a course of hormonal therapy as described, the identification of factors associated with medication discontinuation can facilitate real-time interventions to prevent early discontinuation.
Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates Among New York City Adults Ages 20–54 years during 1976–2015
Authors: Van Beck Kellie C , Jasek John , Roods Kristi , Brown Jennifer J , Farley Shannon M , List Justin M 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence rates are rising in younger Americans and mortality rates are increasing among younger white Americans. We used New York State Cancer Registry data to examine New York City CRC incidence and mortality trends among adults ages 20–54 years by race from 1976 to 2015. Annual percent change (APC) was considered statistically significant at P less than .05 using a two-sided test. CRC incidence increased among those ages 20–49 years, yet blacks had the largest APC of 2.2% (1993–2015; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.4% to 3.1%) compared with 0.5% in whites (1976–2015; 95% CI = 0.2% to 0.7%). Among those aged 50–54 years, incidence increased among blacks by 0.8% annually (1976–2015; 95% CI = 0.4% to 1.1%), but not among whites. CRC mortality decreased among both age and race groups. These findings emphasize the value of local registry data to understand trends locally, the importance of timely screening, and the need for clinicians to consider CRC among all patients with compatible signs and symptoms.
Temporal Trends in Co-trimoxazole Use Among Children on Antiretroviral Therapy and the Impact of Co-trimoxazole on Mortality Rates in Children Without Severe Immunodeficiency
Authors: Boettiger David C , Law Matthew G , Sohn Annette H , Davies Mary-Ann , Wools-Kaloustian Kara , Leroy Valeriane , Yotebieng Marcel , Vinikoor Michael , Vreeman Rachel , Amorissani-Folquet Madeleine , Edmonds Andrew , Fatti Geoffrey , Batte James , Renner Lorna , Adedimeji Adebola , Kariminia Azar ,   The International Epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Background
Co-trimoxazole is recommended for all children with human immunodeficiency virus. In this analysis, we evaluate trends in pediatric co-trimoxazole use and survival on co-trimoxazole in children using antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Methods
We used data collected between January 1, 2006, and March 31, 2016, from the International Epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS. Logistic regression was used to evaluate factors associated with using co-trimoxazole at ART initiation. Competing risk regression was used to assess factors associated with death.

Results
A total of 54113 children were included in this study. The prevalence of co-trimoxazole use at ART initiation increased from 66.5% in 2006 to a peak of 85.6% in 2010 and then declined to 48.5% in 2015–2016. A similar trend was observed among children who started ART with severe immunodeficiency. After adjusting for year of ART initiation, younger age (odds ratio [OR], 1.18 for <1 vs 1 to <5 years of age [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09–1.28]), lower height-for-age z score (OR, 1.15 for less than −3 vs greater than −2 [95% CI, 1.08–1.22]), anemia (OR, 1.08 [95% CI, 1.02–1.15]), severe immunodeficiency (OR, 1.25 [95% CI, 1.18–1.32]), and receiving care in East Africa (OR, 8.97 vs Southern Africa [95% CI, 8.17–9.85]) were associated with a high prevalence of co-trimoxazole use. Survival did not differ according to co-trimoxazole use in children without severe immunodeficiency (hazard ratio, 1.01 for nonusers versus users [95% CI, 0.77–1.34]).

Conclusions
Recent declines in co-trimoxazole use may not be linked to the current shift toward early ART initiation. Randomized trial data might be needed to establish the survival benefit of co-trimoxazole in children without severe immunodeficiency.
Returns to Operating Room After Neurosurgical Procedures in a Tertiary Care Academic Medical Center: Implications for Health Care Policy and Quality Improvement
Authors: Kerezoudis Panagiotis , Glasgow Amy E , Alvi Mohammed Ali , Spinner Robert J , Meyer Fredric B , Bydon Mohamad , Habermann Elizabeth B 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Return to the operating room (ROR) has been put forth by the National Quality Forum and the American College of Surgeons as a surgical quality indicator. However, current quality metrics fail to consider the nature and etiology of the ROR.

OBJECTIVE
To provide a comprehensive description of all reoperations after neurosurgical procedures and assess the validity of ROR as a quality measure in neurosurgery.

METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed all neurosurgical procedures performed in a high-volume, tertiary care academic medical center between June 1, 2014 and December 31, 2016. Based on a system constructed and validated at our institution, we classified RORs into (a) unplanned related, (b) planned return due to complications, (c) planned-staged return, or (d) unrelated return.

RESULTS
A total of 9200 unique neurosurgical cases were identified, of which 788 had an ROR within 45 d (8.6%). Median time to ROR (interquartile range) was 9 d (4-15). Specifically, 4.2% were planned-staged returns, 3.4% were unplanned related, 0.3% were unrelated, and 0.6% were planned because of previous complications. Cranial procedures had the highest unplanned ROR rate (4.2%), followed by spinal (2.8%) and peripheral nerve (0.4%). The most common reason for an unplanned ROR was wound complication/surgical site infection (34.3%), followed by hematoma evacuation (13.9%) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak (11.3%).

CONCLUSION
Unplanned RORs were relatively rare and most commonly associated with wound complication, postoperative hematoma, and CSF leak. To better reflect surgical quality, ROR metrics should indicate whether the return was planned or unrelated.
Low Case Finding Among Men and Poor Viral Load Suppression Among Adolescents Are Impeding Namibia’s Ability to Achieve UNAIDS 90-90-90 Targets
Authors: Agolory Simon , de Klerk Michael , Baughman Andrew L , Sawadogo Souleymane , Mutenda Nicholus , Pentikainen Ndumbu , Shoopala Naemi , Wolkon Adam , Taffa Negussie , Mutandi Gram , Jonas Anna , Mengistu Assegid Tassew , Dzinotyiweyi Edington , Prybylski Dimitri , Hamunime Ndapewa , Medley Amy 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Background
In 2015, Namibia implemented an Acceleration Plan to address the high burden of HIV (13.0% adult prevalence and 216 311 people living with HIV [PLHIV]) and achieve the UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets by 2020. We provide an update on Namibia’s overall progress toward achieving these targets and estimate the percent reduction in HIV incidence since 2010.

Methods
Data sources include the 2013 Namibia Demographic and Health Survey (2013 NDHS), the national electronic patient monitoring system, and laboratory data from the Namibian Institute of Pathology. These sources were used to estimate (1) the percentage of PLHIV who know their HIV status, (2) the percentage of PLHIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART), (3) the percentage of patients on ART with suppressed viral loads, and (4) the percent reduction in HIV incidence.

Results
In the 2013 NDHS, knowledge of HIV status was higher among HIV-positive women 91.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 89.4%–93.7%) than HIV-positive men 82.5% (95% CI, 78.1%–86.1%). At the end of 2016, an estimated 88.3% (95% CI, 86.3%–90.1%) of PLHIV knew their status, and 165 939 (76.7%) PLHIV were active on ART. The viral load suppression rate among those on ART was 87%, and it was highest among ≥20-year-olds (90%) and lowest among 15–19-year-olds (68%). HIV incidence has declined by 21% since 2010.

Conclusions
With 76.7% of PLHIV on ART and 87% of those on ART virally suppressed, Namibia is on track to achieve UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets by 2020. Innovative strategies are needed to improve HIV case identification among men and adherence to ART among youth.
Posterior Cervical Laminoplasty for Resection Intradural Extramedullary Spinal Meningioma: 2-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Dekker Simone E , Ostergard Thomas A , Glenn Chad A , Cox Efrem , Bambakidis Nicholas C 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This operative video demonstrates a posterior cervical laminoplasty for the resection of a cervical intradural extramedullary meningioma. In addition, the natural history, treatment options, and potential complications are discussed. The patient is a 68-yr-old male who presented with left-hand grip weakness and paresthesias. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated an enhancing mass that displacing the spinal cord anteriorly and causing severe flattening of the cord at C4 and C5. The patient underwent a posterior cervical laminoplasty for tumor resection. Removal of the dorsal elements with a high-speed drill was performed at C3, C4, and C5. A midline durotomy was performed and a large extra-axial intradural tumor was encountered. The tumor was resected en bloc and specimens were sent for permanent pathological analysis. The dura was closed in a watertight fashion using 6-0 Prolene sutures. The laminoplasty was performed by using titanium miniplates and screws to reconstruct the dorsal bony elements, and the wound was closed in layers using sutures. There were no complications. Final pathology was consistent with a WHO grade I meningioma. Postoperative MRI demonstrated gross total resection. The patient's perioperative course was uncomplicated and his preoperative weakness completely resolved by time of discharge.
‘For the Many, Not the Few’: Strategising the Campaign Trail at the 2017 UK General Election
Authors: Middleton Alia 
Published: August 2018

AbstractDuring the 2017 general election campaign, the Conservative and Labour leaders toured the country. While Theresa May operated a conventional approach, encapsulated by limited interactions with the public, Jeremy Corbyn participated in public rallies and appeared at music festivals. This article examines the strategic decisions underpinning leader visits in the 2017 campaign trail. It finds that May and Corbyn’s electoral strategies had more in common than at first sight. The article adds to existing studies by using new interview data from local party campaigners to understand visit organisation and impact on the local campaign. It also makes an important step towards unpicking the causal mechanism through which these visits may affect voter behaviour.
Is the infrared background excess explained by the isotropic zodiacal light from the outer solar system?
Authors: Tsumura Kohji 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This paper investigates whether an isotropic zodiacal light from the outer solar system can account for the detected background excess in the near-infrared. Assuming that interplanetary dust particles are distributed in a thin spherical shell at the outer solar system (&gt;200 au), thermal emission from such cold (&lt;30 K) dust in the shell has a peak at the far-infrared (∼100 μm). By comparing the calculated thermal emission from the dust shell with the observed background emissions at the far-infrared, the permissible dust amount in the outer solar system is obtained. Even if the maximum dust amount is assumed, the isotropic zodiacal light as the reflected sunlight from the dust shell at the outer solar system cannot explain the detected background excess at the near-infrared.
Resting state functional connectivity patterns associated with pharmacological treatment resistance in temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Pressl Christina , Brandner Philip , Schaffelhofer Stefan , Blackmon Karen , Dugan Patricia , Holmes Manisha , Thesen Thomas , Kuzniecky Ruben , Devinsky Orrin , Freiwald Winrich A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThere are no functional imaging based biomarkers for pharmacological treatment response in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). In this study, we investigated whether there is an association between resting state functional brain connectivity (RsFC) and seizure control in TLE. We screened a large database containing resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (Rs-fMRI) data from 286 epilepsy patients. Patient medical records were screened for seizure characterization, EEG reports for lateralization and location of seizure foci to establish uniformity of seizure localization within patient groups. Rs-fMRI data from patients with well-controlled left TLE, patients with treatment-resistant left TLE, and healthy controls were analyzed. Healthy controls and cTLE showed similar functional connectivity patterns, whereas trTLE exhibited a significant bilateral decrease in thalamo-hippocampal functional connectivity. This work is the first to demonstrate differences in neural network connectivity between well-controlled and treatment-resistant TLE. These differences are spatially highly focused and suggest sites for the etiology and possibly treatment of TLE. Altered thalamo-hippocampal RsFC thus is a potential new biomarker for TLE treatment resistance.SummaryResting State functional magnetic resonance imaging (Rs-fMRI), previously utilized to predict lateralization of seizure foci in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), is utilized to determine potential mechanisms and biomarkers for treatment-resistant and well-controlled unilateral TLE. We found significant differences in thalamo-hippocampal functional connectivity between treatment-resistant and well-controlled TLE patients. Differences in functional connectivity were focused to thalamo-hippocampal connections and more pronounced in the hemisphere ipsilateral to seizure foci. Aberrant functional connectivity patterns as measured by Rs-fMRI could thus serve as biomarkers for treatment response in TLE.
Morphological and genomic characterisation of the hybrid schistosome infecting humans in Europe reveals a complex admixture between Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma bovis parasites
Authors: Kincaid-Smith Julien , Tracey Alan , Augusto Ronaldo , Bulla Ingo , Holroyd Nancy , Rognon Anne , Rey Olivier , Chaparro Cristian , Oleaga Ana , Mas-Coma Santiago , Allienne Jean-François , Grunau Christoph , Berriman Matthew , Boissier Jérôme , Toulza Eve 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSchistosomes cause schistosomiasis, the world’s second most important parasitic disease after malaria. A peculiar feature of schistosomes is their ability to produce viable and fertile hybrids. Originally only present in the tropics, schistosomiasis is now also endemic in Europe. Based on two genetic markers the European species had been identified as a hybrid between the ruminant-infective Schistosoma bovis and the human-infective Schistosoma haematobium.Here we describe for the first time the genomic composition of the European schistosome hybrid (77% of S. haematobium and 23% of S. bovis origins), its morphometric parameters and its compatibility with the European vector snail and intermediate host Compatibility is a key parameter for the parasites life cycle progression. We also show that egg morphology (a classical diagnostic parameter) does not allow for differential diagnosis while genetic tests do so. Additionally, we performed genome assembly improvement and annotation of S. bovis, the parental species for which no satisfactory genome assembly was available.For the first time since the discovery of hybrid schistosomes, these results reveal at the whole genomic level a complex admixture of parental genomes highlighting (i) the high permeability of schistosomes to other species’ alleles, and (ii) the importance of hybrid formation for pushing species boundaries not only conceptionally but also geographically.
Hierarchical Patient-centric Caregiver Network Method for Clinical Outcomes Study
Authors: Park Yoonyoung , Karampourniotis Panagiotis D. , Sylla Issa , Das Amar K. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTIn clinical outcome studies, analysis has traditionally been performed using patient-level factors, with minor attention given to provider-level features. However, the nature of care coordination and collaboration between caregivers (providers) may also be important in determining patient outcomes. Using data from patients admitted to intensive care units at a large tertiary care hospital, we modeled the caregivers that provided medical service to a specific patient as patient-centric subnetwork embedded within larger caregiver networks of the institute. The caregiver networks were composed of caregivers who treated either a cohort of patients with particular disease or any patient regardless of disease. Our model can generate patient-specific caregiver network features at multiple levels, and we demonstrate that these multilevel network features, in addition to patient-level features, are significant predictors of length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality.
Hyperspectral Reflectance-Derived Relationship Matrices for Genomic Prediction of Grain Yield in Wheat
Authors: Krause Margaret R. , González-Pérez Lorena , Crossa José , Pérez-Rodríguez Paulino , Montesinos-López Osval , Singh Ravi P. , Dreisigacker Susanne , Poland Jesse , Rutkoski Jessica , Sorrells Mark , Gore Michael A. , Mondal Suchismita 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTHyperspectral reflectance phenotyping and genomic selection are two emerging technologies that have the potential to increase plant breeding efficiency by improving prediction accuracy for grain yield. Hyperspectral cameras quantify canopy reflectance across a wide range of wavelengths that are associated with numerous biophysical and biochemical processes in plants. Genomic selection models utilize genome-wide marker or pedigree information to predict the genetic values of breeding lines. In this study, we propose a multi-kernel GBLUP approach to genomic selection that uses genomic marker-, pedigree-, and hyperspectral reflectance-derived relationship matrices to model the genetic main effects and genotype × environment (G×E) interactions across environments within a bread wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) breeding program. We utilized an airplane equipped with a hyperspectral camera to phenotype five differentially managed treatments of the yield trials conducted by the Bread Wheat Improvement Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) at Ciudad Obregón, México over four breeding cycles. We observed that single-kernel models using hyperspectral reflectance-derived relationship matrices performed similarly or superior to marker-and pedigree-based genomic selection models when predicting within and across environments. Multi-kernel models combining marker/pedigree information with hyperspectral reflectance phentoypes had the highest prediction accuracies; however, improvements in accuracy over marker-and pedigree-based models were marginal when correcting for days to heading. Our results demonstrates the potential of hyperspectral imaging in predicting grain yield within a multi-environment context, it also supports further studies on integration of hyperspectral reflectance phenotyping in breeding programs.
Octave plots for visualizing diversity of microbial OTUs
Authors: Edgar Robert C. , Flyvbjerg Henrik 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNext-generation sequencing of marker genes such as 16S ribosomal RNA is widely used to survey microbial communities. The abundance distribution (AD) of Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) in a sample is typically summarized by alpha diversity metrics, e.g. richness and entropy, discarding information about the AD shape. In this work, we describe octave plots, histograms which visualize the shape of microbial ADs by binning on a logarithmic scale with base 2. Optionally, histogram bars are colored to indicate possible spurious OTUs due to sequence error and cross-talk. Octave plots enable assessment of (a) the shape and completeness of the distribution, (b) the effects of noise on measured diversity, (c) whether low-abundance OTUs should be discarded, (d) whether alpha diversity metrics and estimators are reliable, and (e) the additional sampling effort (i.e., read depth) required to obtain a complete census of the community. The utility of octave plots is illustrated in a re-analysis of a prostate cancer study showing that the reported core microbiome is most likely an artifact of experimental error.