bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes of Settlement Environmental Quality in Semarang City Center
Authors: Pigawati B , Yuliastuti N , Mardiansjah F H , Suryani M A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
City center is the core of a city that was originally used as settlement, it is, further, developed into a center of economic activities and as a center for settlement facilities and infrastructure. The city center area is a city growth center which often experiences rapid changes. The development of the city center has resulted in the conversion of landuse non built up area into a built up area. The wide increase in built up area indicates a reduction in green open space and catchment areas that can cause degeneration in environmental quality. Semarang as the capital of Central Java Province develops quite rapidly. This condition is seen in the increasing of the built up area that functions as a settlement and commercial activities. The development of settlements in the City Center, however, can cause a decline in environmental quality if it is not balanced with a good environmental arrangement and the availability of sufficient facilities. This study aimed to analyze the changes in the quality of the residential environment over 10 years and to determine the typology of the area of the area in the Semarang Tengah District located in the City Center of Semarang. This study used spatial approach by utilizing Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing (GIS/RS) technology. The results of the research showed that there was a change in the quality of the settlement environment in Semarang Tengah District. Settlement areas that experienced a decrease in quality were block settlements in Brumbungan Village and Miroto Village, it was due to reduced vegetation protection and facilities. On the other hand, the quality improvement occurred in Sekayu Village which developed as a commercial area. Settlements in Semarang City Center can be divided into 3 topologies based on the characteristics and quality of the environment
Mapping Unsafety Driving Zone on Trans Semarang Corridor VI to Improve Public Transport Service
Authors: Basuki Y , Rahayu S , Nino B 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The concept of sustainable transportation has become an agenda for urban areas in both developed and developing countries. One of the implementations in realizing the concept of sustainable transportation is the development of mass public transportation facilities. Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) is one of the modes considered suitable for developing cities such as Semarang named Trans Semarang. To ensure the sustainability of the BRT, good planning and operation and maintenance are required. In the operation of BRT safety driving behaviour is believed to make the BRT safe and reliable for passenger. This research is intended to know the behaviour of the driver in operating the BRT. From driver’s behaviour and onboard survey can be classified the level safety driving the operation of BRT in Semarang. Safety driving level assessment was conducted on a sample of the BRT fleet. The analysis is done by making the level of safety driving divided into high, medium and low. At medium and low level, it can be said un safety driving and conducted analysis of the cause. Furthermore, spatial analysis is done to map the areas that have low levels. From the mapping results can be concluded which areas have medium and low safety driving level and what causes it. From these conclusions, recommendations for BRT performance improvement can be formulated
Flood Waste Management Preparedness Indicators: Learning from Semarang Flood 1990s
Authors: Maryono M , Harningtyas F 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Flood waste such as waste generating after flood, see inundation, high rains must be handling quickly and proper. The acceleration of management is one of key point in the following respond and reconstruction. Since Flood waste treatment, need more than 30 % of emergency budget, the performance should be improved. This research proposed a method to set indicators in disaster waste management preparedness. By using GIS and SPPS statistical tools this research examine some basic indicator for independent variable namely normal waste generation, number of temporary waste collection, number of informal waste picker, demography, waste infrastructure, and governmental program and the dependent variable is waste treated and recycle. Semarang 1990s flood is selected study to examine the model. model result shown that all indicators are possible to set as basic indicators for flood waste management preparedness.
Citizen Preference on Arrangement of Slum Area in Banjarmasin Riparian Zone
Authors: Nugroho A R , Ritohardoyo S , Muta’ali L , Hasibuan H S 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The city of Banjarmasin has a strategic function as a center of trade growth and social services. Along with the population growth and housing needs, people tend to use the riparian zone (river border area) as a place to live. One of the river border settlement areas in Banjarmasin City that grows organically is the area around Martapura River, Kelurahan Pasar Lama. As the impact of that way of life, many people become victims of flood disaster when the rainy season arrived. The purpose of this study is to know the preference of the slum dwellers for staying or moving from the slums of Pasar Lama area. The slum dwellers were offered with two options: move (relocate) or stay (land consolidation). The population chosen was a prosperous household. The sample selection was using the purposive technique. The research was designed by mixed method. Quantitative data collection was done through survey. Quantitative data processing was editing and tabulation, and quantitative research was carried out using factor analysis. The qualitative data were collected by Indepth - Interview and FGD. Based on the analysis results, it is known that slum dwellers chose the option to keep staying in Pasar Lama slum area with the highest preference related to the ease of accessibility to trade and service facilities, with an average value of 4.63. This is reinforced by the existence of various types of trading facilities and services that facilitate residents to meet their needs without the need to get out of the area. In addition, there was a tendency for activity in most slum dwellers to visit the trading facilities, both malls and shopping centers as their primary livelihood.
Fragmented Urbanization and the Dynamic of Urban Services: The case of school provision in Metropolitan Surakarta
Authors: Mardiansjah F H , Rahayu P 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Urbanization has brought rapid changes globally and locally. Although cities still only cover very little percentage of global or regional land area, the increasing concentration of population within cities has transformed most of the human processes in many aspects including economic, social, spatial and cultural aspects. As cities grow, the urban population is also growing and transforms the spatial formation of the city as well as its activities. In many developing countries, including in Indonesia, the growing urban population and activities are not only bringing internal restructuration of the cities but also the extended spatial formation of the cities to the surroundings that usually belong to different authorities. The extended spatial formation is not only in order to meet the requirement of the economic and productive processes, but also in dealing with the need of social and consumption process. The growth Surakarta shows the process of metropolitanization of medium sized city in Indonesia that extends to the surrounding areas. Using a time series analysis with GIS, this paper analyzed the urbanization process in Surakarta that leads into a fragmented metropolitanization which also characterized by a pressure in the urban services provisions. This process needs to be understood as urbanization process is also a major contributors that shape the resource allocation and consumption. For the cases of Indonesia, which are also characterized by a fragmented urbanization process in the growth of its cities, the understanding of this process will be beneficial for the formulation of sustainable urbanization strategies in the future.
Spatial Model of Micro Climate Assessment and Recommendation of Mitigation In Semarang City With Remote Sensing Technology
Authors: Sasmito B , Suprayogi A , Awaluddin M , Darlina S P , Andani N D , Kalinda I O P 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The city of Semarang is one of the 10 major cities in Indonesia that are developing towards the metropolis. Urban infrastructure develops, resulting in the use of vegetation land to be converted into build up land. The increasingly hot climate of the city will disrupt the comfort of residents. Urban design and planning should consider land use change. Good planning will have a very good effect on the city’s climate system. This study aims to examine the phenomenon of micro-climate change in the city with the algorithm of the Temperature Heat Index (Leisure Index). The assessment starts from the Land Surface Temperature algorithm, from here model of Urban Heat Island (UHI) can be done. The distribution of UHI phenomena is derived from Land Surface Temperature. The UHI mitigation recommendation for Semarang City is based on land cover. The method used is the Remote Sensing approach through some spatial data extraction from satellite imagery. Data processing is done by using multi-temporal data of Landsat 8 satellite imagery. The result is presented in thematic map of LST, UHI, and Mitigation model map. Mitigation that can be done is the physical modification of the building, like the use of material with high albedo, the application of green wall, green roof, greening parking lots, and the addition of vegetation around the building and along the road. Besides, it is also necessary to monitor the change of land function and its suitability with the Urban Land use Plan of Semarang City.
THE Effect of Azido-Starch as Filler on Tensile and Tear Properties of Natural Rubber Latex Films
Authors: Daud S , Azura A R , Yhaya M F 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The azido starch/Natural Rubber (azo-starch/NR) latex films were prepared with control (0), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 phr of azido-starch loadings. The azido starch functional groups were characterized by Fourier Transform Infra- Red (FTIR) analysis to observe the presence of significant peaks of azide (N3).The control and azido starch-filled NR films were subjected to tensile test and tear test in order to investigate the effect of the addition of azido-starch on the mechanical properties of azo-starch/NR latex films. The tensile strength of azo-starch/NR latex films was increased with increasing azido-starch loading and slightly decreased after 1.0 phr loading. The optimum tensile strength of azo-starch/NR latex films is obtained at 1.0 phr loading. The moduli (M100 and M300) and tear strength also increased with increasing azido-starch loading. However, the elongation at break (EB) was almost similar with increasing azido-starch loading. The swelling test was done to determine the swelling index, crosslink density and rubber-filler interaction of azo-starch/NR films. The swelling index was decreased but the crosslink density increased with increasing azido-starch loading indicating the formation of crosslinks between azido-starch and rubber macromolecules.
Migration of N-nitrosamines from rubber gloves for handling food - Effect of extraction media
Authors: Pinprayoon O , Mae W 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Rubber gloves are used daily in variety applications including for food handling purposes. In order to assess possible exposure of the wearers to N-nitrosamines as well as possible release of N-nitrosamines to foods being contacted to these gloves, effects of extraction media are investigated. Artificial sweats (both alkaline and acid solutions), artificial saliva, and some food simulants are used for the extractions and twelve N-nitrosamines including NDMA, NDEA, NDPA, NDiBA, NDBA, NPIP, NPYR, NMOR, NEPhA, NMPhA, NDiNA, and NDBzA are analysed using GC-TEA. By using different extraction media, the levels of the released N-nitrosamines and N-nitrosatable substances are different leading to the differences in the judgement for the EU Directive compliance. By comparing with data of daily intake of N-nitrosamines from foods, the intake of N-nitrosamines migrated from gloves used for food handling under the most unfavourable circumstances could lead to an exceeding of dietary intake. Therefore possible risks associated with the use of rubber gloves for food handling are considered high.
Modeling and Forecasting of Volatility using ARMA-GARCH: Case Study on Malaysia Natural Rubber Prices
Authors: Ghani I M Md , Rahim H A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Malaysia is one of the largest producers of natural rubber in the world. Among the various types of natural rubber which contribute to the country’s agricultural sector is the Standard Malaysian Rubber Grade 20 (S.M.R 20). Since 2008, the rubber price has received attention of investors and Malaysia Rubber Board due to price fluctuation. The price of rubber is characterized by the existence of heavy tails and volatility clustering. These properties play a significant impact on parameter estimation and forecasting performance resulting from S.M.R 20 rubber price data. The approach used in modeling S.M.R 20 rubber price data, is Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) model. The aims of this paper are to find the best ARMA-GARCH model by using different specifications structures and to forecast the daily price for 20 days ahead. There are 20 models produced from different specifications in ARMA(R,M) dan GARCH(p,q) models. In this study, 1953 daily price data of S.M.R 20 are taken into consideration. The validity comparison of diagnostic checking and forecasting performance are based on AIC, AICC, SBC, HQC, MSE, RMSE and MAPE. The results reveals that ARMA(1,0)-GARCH(1,2) model is the best volatility modeling in S.M.R 20 rubber price. Based on the implications of the results, the scope of the future research directions has been widen.
A Method of Remote Support Jamming Based on the Chaff Clouds Scattering
Authors: Qiu Shidai , Yao Dengkai , Zhao Guhao 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Electronic Jamming is an important means to cover the penetration formation and improve survival probability of penetration aircraft when Air force performs ground penetrating mission. A compound interference method of jamming surface-to-air missile guidance radar by scattering long–range jamming signals though chaff clouds is proposed, which uses jammer to irradiate chaff clouds scattered on the penetration route, and injects jamming energy into the main lobe of surface-to-air missile guidance radar by scattering chaff clouds to make better interference effect.
Climatic Environmental Worthiness Model of the Civil Aircraft Based on the Grey Theory
Authors: Hui Zhang , Jingtao Wu 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The civil aircraft must have the ability to the global operation. The aircraft may experience the high temperature, the low temperature, the high humidity, ice and other extreme climatic environment. Environmental worthiness plays an important role in the integrated capability of the civil aircraft. Environmental worthiness evaluation is a major part of the civil aircraft engineering. According to the environmental worthiness to diversified environmental factors, we can establish the criteria for environment classification. The environmental worthiness model of the civil aircraft was set up using the grey theory. The rationality and feasibility of the model was validated by the example. The results indicate that the environmental adaptability of the aircraft was ranked “poor” to “better”. The result can supply the reference data for the environment adaptability requirement for thedesign of the civil aircraft.
Uncertainty Analysis of Squeeze-Type Regulation Method for Equal Expulsion of Parallel Tanks
Authors: Yin W J , Lin Z , Wang M J 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Focused on the problem of unbalanced propellant consumption in parallel tanks of propulsion system, a squeeze-type regulation method based on the gas law method was discussed in the paper. Taking the tank system as the research object, the thermodynamic models under isothermal, adiabatic and other conditions were given and the factors affecting the uncertainty of the model were analysed. The results show that the measurement uncertainty of the model mainly comes from the pressure measurement accuracy and the volume measurement accuracy. The model was applied to different cases and the influence law of different tank parameters on the model uncertainty was studied. It is found that under the premise of the fixed pressure difference of the parallel tanks, the uncertainty of the regulation model is almost linear with the regulation amount. In addition, the relative uncertainty of the model can be reduced effectively by improving the pressure difference of the parallel tanks. The accuracy of the regulation model can reach to 7.7%, which can meet the requirements for on-orbit use.
Research Progress on Requirements Integrated Preprocessing and Mission Planning for Earth Observation Satellites
Authors: Chen Shu-Jian , Li Zhi , Hu Min 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The scale of Earth observation satellite system continues to expand and its application is becoming more and more extensive, which puts forward higher requirements for satellite mission planning system. This paper summarizes and analyzes some key issues in the mission planning of earth observation satellites. Firstly, the development status and the trend of earth observation satellites are introduced. Secondly, we summarize and analyze complex requirements of observation decomposition method, the priority of requirements determination method, the model construction and solving methods of single-satellite scheduling, multi-satellite integrated scheduling and multi-satellite dynamic scheduling in the process of requirements Integrated Preprocessing and mission planning. Finally, we discuss the problems that still need to be solved and the direction of research.
Research on Optimization of Working Mode of Long-range Early Warning Radar Guided by Space-based Information
Authors: Tong ZHOU , Yasheng ZHANG , Haijun ZHOU , Jingbin HAN 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The long-range early warning radar is the key equipment in the early defense process of ballistic missile. For the problem of low working efficiency of long-range early warning radar without guidance information, this paper studies the working process of long-range early warning radar with space-based guidance information, and proposed a new long-range warning radar working mode. Firstly, the coordinate system transformation and guidance information extraction of space-based guidance information are given. Then the concept of coherent accumulation of radar signals is introduced and a new radar operation mode is proposed. Finally, the radar signal coherent accumulation process is established. A mathematical model of radar search distance and intercept probability. The typical scene is built and simulated. The results show that the proposed radar working mode will effectively reduce the search airspace of the long-range early warning radar and improve the radar detection range.
A Method of Communication Constellation Resilience Evaluation
Authors: Jingbin Han , Ya-sheng Zhang , Ya-feng Tang , Tong Zhou 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The resilience of the communication constellation is an important measure of the communication mission assurance capability of the communication constellation. In order to effectively measure the strength and weakness of the communication constellation, the research on the elastic evaluation method of communication constellation is carried out. First, according to the definition of the space system elasticity of the US Air Force Space Command, the definition of the communication constellation elasticity is given. Subsequently, the covering ability and reconstruction energy index are proposed as the objective function of the restored constellation performance recovery, and the damaged constellation performance recovery model based on NSGA-II algorithm is constructed. Finally, a resilience evaluation method for communication constellation with a single communication constellation as the evaluation target is established, and the simulation calculation is carried out by taking the MUOS constellation as an example. It is concluded that the constellation is poor in terms of robustness, and because of the lack of satellite performance, the task guarantee capability is limited.
Solving Velocity Ambiguity for Pulse Doppler Radar Space Target Measurement
Authors: Yuan Zhihua , Chen Defeng , Xue Shan , Fu Tuo 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In order to solve the problem of severe velocity ambiguity for pulse Doppler radar high-speed space orbital targets measurement, a new velocity ambiguity resolution method based on the short arc orbit determination technique is presented in this paper. By means of a modified orbit determination model, this method can adopt the original radar measurements with the range-Doppler coupling term directly. It uses the numerical integration method to solve the differential equation of the state transition matrix and corrects the range-Doppler coupling term simultaneously, and then the optimal reference orbit is obtained by using the iterative least squares method. Finally, the velocity ambiguity is determined with the accurate reference velocity which can be calculated from the above reference orbit. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method can estimate the reference velocity accurately and satisfies the performance requirement of velocity ambiguity resolution.
Research of High Resolution ISAR Algorithm Based on Coherent Registration and Fusion for Distributed Radar
Authors: Luo Xi , Guo Lixin , Song Dawei , Shang She , Li Xiaojun 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
According to the Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR), this thesis analyses the attributed to the physical restriction that the ISAR image resolution cannot be improved, therefore, a high resolution ISAR algorithm for distributed radar system is proposed. Depended on existing hardware development level, it combines multi-radar echo signals for one target and then utilize data fusion theory for multi-visual angle and multi-frequency band to obtain ultra-wide band and larger coherent accumulation angle, on this account, the much higher resolution 2D-image than the single radar is able to acquired. The main content illustrates the method for high resolution ISAR on target electromagnetic scattering two-exponential sum model, and the simulation is made to demonstrate the analysis is effective and validity.