bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Colorimetric detection of gallic acid based on the enhanced oxidase‐like activity of floral‐like magnetic Fe3O4@MnO2
Authors: Wang Yanying , Zhu Xiaoyan , Ding Fang , Liu Yaqin , Yang Li , Zou Ping , Zhao Qingbiao , Wang Xianxiang , Rao Hanbing 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn this study, a colorimetric method was developed for rapid and sensitive determination of gallic acid (GA) by using floral‐like magnetic Fe3O4@MnO2 composite material with enhanced oxidase‐like activity. Fe3O4@MnO2 composite material is able to oxidize 3,3′,5,5′‐tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to a blue product (oxTMB) with apparent color change and absorbance at 652 nm. GA can reduce the oxTMB yielding a fading blue color. Based on these results, a technique is proposed to detect GA quantitatively and qualitatively with UV–vis spectroscopy and bare eyes. A low detection limit of 0.105 μM and a detection range of 0.01 to 15 μM were obtained with UV–vis spectroscopy. This methodology possesses high potential for application in determination of GA.
Enantioselective LC‐ESI‐MS/MS determination of dropropizine enantiomers in rat plasma and application to a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Balaji Narayanan , Gabani Bhavesh Babulal , Todmal Umesh , Sulochana Suresh P. , Saini Neeraj Kumar , Chandran Rajesh , Mullangi Ramesh 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe developed and validated a simple, sensitive, selective and reliable LC–ESI‐MS/MS method for direct quantitation of dropropizine enantiomers namely levodropropizine (LDP) and dextrodropropizine (DDP) in rat plasma without the need for derivatization as per regulatory guidelines. Dropropizine enantiomers and carbamazepine (internal standard) were extracted from 50 μL rat plasma using ethyl acetate. LDP and DDP resolved with good baseline separation (Rs = 4.45) on a Chiralpak IG‐3 column. The mobile phase consisted of methanol with 0.05% diethylamine pumped at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. Detection and quantitation were done in multiple reaction monitoring mode following the transitions m/z 237 → 160 and 237 → 194 for dropropizine enantiomers and the internal standard, respectively, in the positive ionization mode. The proposed method provided accurate and reproducible results over the linearity range of 3.23–2022 ng/mL for each enantiomer. The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions were in the ranges of 3.38–13.6 and 5.11–13.8 for LDP and 4.19–11.8 and 8.89–10.1 for DDP. Both LDP and DDP were found to be stable under different stability conditions. The method was successfully used in a stereoselective pharmacokinetic study of dropropizine enantiomers in rats following oral administration of racemate dropropizine at 100 mg/kg. The pharmacokinetic results indicate that the disposition of dropropizine enantiomers is not stereoselective and chiral inversion does not occur in rats.
Multiregional radiomics profiling from multiparametric MRI: Identifying an imaging predictor of IDH1 mutation status in glioblastoma
Authors: Li Zhi‐Cheng , Bai Hongmin , Sun Qiuchang , Zhao Yuanshen , Lv Yanchun , Zhou Jian , Liang Chaofeng , Chen Yinsheng , Liang Dong , Zheng Hairong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPurposeIsocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) has been proven as a prognostic and predictive marker in glioblastoma (GBM) patients. The purpose was to preoperatively predict IDH mutation status in GBM using multiregional radiomics features from multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).MethodsIn this retrospective multicenter study, 225 patients were included. A total of 1614 multiregional features were extracted from enhancement area, non‐enhancement area, necrosis, edema, tumor core, and whole tumor in multiparametric MRI. Three multiregional radiomics models were built from tumor core, whole tumor, and all regions using an all‐relevant feature selection and a random forest classification for predicting IDH1. Four single‐region models and a model combining all‐region features with clinical factors (age, sex, and Karnofsky performance status) were also built. All models were built from a training cohort (118 patients) and tested on an independent validation cohort (107 patients).ResultsAmong the four single‐region radiomics models, the edema model achieved the best accuracy of 96% and the best F1‐score of 0.75 while the non‐enhancement model achieved the best area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.88 in the validation cohort. The overall performance of the tumor‐core model (accuracy 0.96, AUC 0.86 and F1‐score 0.75) and the whole‐tumor model (accuracy 0.96, AUC 0.88 and F1‐score 0.75) was slightly better than the single‐regional models. The 8‐feature all‐region radiomics model achieved an improved overall performance of an accuracy 96%, an AUC 0.90, and an F1‐score 0.78. Among all models, the model combining all‐region imaging features with age achieved the best performance of an accuracy 97%, an AUC 0.96, and an F1‐score 0.84.ConclusionsThe radiomics model built with multiregional features from multiparametric MRI has the potential to preoperatively detect the IDH1 mutation status in GBM patients. The multiregional model built with all‐region features performed better than the single‐region models, while combining age with all‐region features achieved the best performance.
Automated Glycan Assembly of Plant Oligosaccharides and Their Application in Cell‐Wall Biology
Authors: Bartetzko Max P. , Pfrengle Fabian 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe plant cell wall provides the richest available resource of fermentable carbohydrates and biobased materials. The main component of plant cell walls is cellulose, which is the most abundant biomolecule on earth. Apart from cellulose, which is constructed from relatively simple β‐1,4‐glucan chains, plant cell walls also contain structurally more complex heteropolysaccharides (hemicellulose and pectin), as well as lignin and cell‐wall proteins. A detailed understanding of the molecular structures, functions, and biosyntheses of cell‐wall components is required to further promote their industrial use. Plant cell‐wall research is, to a large degree, hampered by a lsack of available well‐defined oligosaccharide samples that represent the structural features of cell‐wall glycans. One technique to access these oligosaccharides is automated glycan assembly; a technique in which monosaccharide building blocks are, similarly to automated peptide and oligonucleotide chemistry, successively added to a linker‐functionalized resin in a fully automated manner. Herein, recent research into the automated glycan assembly of different classes of cell‐wall glycans used as molecular tools for cell‐wall biology is discussed. More than 60 synthetic oligosaccharides were prepared and printed as microarrays for screening monoclonal antibodies that recognize plant cell‐wall polysaccharides. The synthesized oligosaccharides have also been used to investigate glycosyltransferases and glycoside hydrolases, which are involved in synthesis and degradation of plant cell walls, as well as for the analysis of cell‐wall‐remodeling enzymes.
Feasibility study of a synchronized diastolic injection with low contrast volume for proper quantitative assessment of aortic regurgitation in porcine models
Authors: Modolo Rodrigo , Miyazaki Yosuke , Chang Chun Chin , te Lintel Hekkert Maaike , van Sloun Math , Suchecki Todd , Aben Jean‐Paul , Soliman Osama I. , Onuma Yoshinobu , Duncker Dirk J. , van Mieghem Nicolas M. , Serruys Patrick W. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the in vivo feasibility of aortography with one accurately timed diastolic low‐volume contrast injection for quantitative assessment of aortic regurgitation (AR) post transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).BackgroundWith the rise of a minimalistic approach for TAVR, aortography (re)emerges as a pragmatic tool for AR assessment. In a mock circulation system, we have validated the accuracy of a single diastolic injection triggered by electrocardiogram (ECG) with low‐contrast volume.MethodsTwo‐phase experiment: first, a series of aortograms were performed in a porcine model, with 8 mL of contrast using the synchronized (SYNC) and the conventional non‐synchronized (NS) injections. In a second phase, we developed a model of AR by inserting partially unsheathed Wallstents of 6–10 mm of diameter across the pig's aortic valve, performing SYNC injections with 8 mL of contrast and NS injections with 8 mL and 15 mL (rate: 20 mL/sec). Respective accuracies of SYNC vs. NS were assessed using Passing‐Bablock regression. An angiography core laboratory performed quantitative AR assessment with videodensitometry (VD‐AR).ResultsThe SYNC injections produced higher opacification of the aortic root compared with NS injections (P = 0.04 for density). In the second phase, a regression line for predicting VD‐AR based on the SYNC injection resulted in a lower intercept and a slope closer to the line of identity (y = 11.9 + 0.79x, P < 0.001, r2 = 0.94) with the NS‐8 mL than with the NS‐15 mL injection (y = 26.5 + 0.55x, P < 0.001, r2 = 0.81).ConclusionSynchronized diastolic injection with low contrast volume produced denser images in the aortic root and more accurate than the conventional injection; thus, may be an appealing alternative for assessment of AR post TAVR.
Cataract surgery with implantation of a high‐add intraocular lens LENTIS® MAX LS‐313 MF80 in end‐stage, age‐related macular degeneration: A case report of magnifying surgery
Authors: Borkenstein Andreas F. , Borkenstein Eva‐Maria 
Published: November 2018

Key Clinical MessageA new treatment option for cataracts and advanced ARMD: the simultaneous intravitreal injection of anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor and implantation of a high‐add IOL. We believe major opportunities arise from a new subcategory in cataract surgery—called magnifying surgery (MAGS). Our case proves the potential of this brand‐new technology.
Twenty‐four‐hour continuous and remote monitoring of respiratory rate using a medical radar system for the early detection of pneumonia in symptomatic elderly bedridden hospitalized patients
Authors: Sun Guanghao , Okada Masakazu , Nakamura Rin , Matsuo Taro , Kirimoto Tetsuo , Hakozaki Yukiya , Matsui Takemi 
Published: November 2018

Key Clinical MessageRespiratory rate is often measured manually and discontinuously by counting of chest wall movements in routine clinical practice. We introduce a novel approach to investigate respiration dynamics using a noncontact medical radar system for identifying patient at risk of infection. The system enables early detection of pneumonia in bedridden hospitalized patients.
Silver Nanorings: New Generation of Transparent Conductive Films
Authors: Azani Mohammad‐Reza , Hassanpour Azin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractLow‐cost and high yield silver nanorings with the uniform ring diameter of 15±5 μm and thickness of 120±20 nm were synthesized via a simple solvothermal method. Based on our knowledge, this is the first time that a solvothermal method is used to prepare silver nanorings. Herein, by using ammonium salts as additive salts in the presence of pressure (150 kPa) inside the reactor, the reproducibility and yield of nanorings increased. The prepared silver nanorings easily dispersed in ethanol and have been coated by spray method on PET substrate to make flexible transparent conductive films (TCF). The film based on nanorings was shown better opto‐electrical properties (higher transparency with lower haze) in comparison with nanowires with higher aspect ratio and lower thickness, at the same sheet resistance (Rs). These results introduce silver nanorings as outstanding candidates for optoelectronics applications.
Selective Inhibitors of a Human Prolyl Hydroxylase (OGFOD1) Involved in Ribosomal Decoding
Authors: Thinnes Cyrille C. , Lohans Christopher T. , Abboud Martine I. , Yeh Tzu‐Lan , Tumber Anthony , Nowak Radosław P. , Attwood Martin , Cockman Matthew E. , Oppermann Udo , Loenarz Christoph , Schofield Christopher J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractHuman prolyl hydroxylases are involved in the modification of transcription factors, procollagen, and ribosomal proteins, and are current medicinal chemistry targets. To date, there are few reports on inhibitors selective for the different types of prolyl hydroxylases. We report a structurally informed template‐based strategy for the development of inhibitors selective for the human ribosomal prolyl hydroxylase OGFOD1. These inhibitors did not target the other human oxygenases tested, including the structurally similar hypoxia‐inducible transcription factor prolyl hydroxylase, PHD2.
Proline autocatalysis in the origin of biological enantioenriched chirality
Authors: Sadagopan Ananthan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBiological enantioenriched chirality is a phenomenon that in living organisms, amino acids and carbohydrates typically have the same absolute configuration. Perhaps one of the earliest attempts to delineate the origins of this phenomenon was a theory known as asymmetric autocatalysis, a reaction in which the structures of the chiral catalyst and the product are the same, and in which the chiral product acts as a chiral catalyst for its own production. In theory, this would mean that small asymmetries in the product will propagate rapidly. However, autocatalysis also relies on the cross‐inhibition of chiral states, something that would not likely be possible on primordial Earth. But recently, theories on asymmetric autocatalysis have begun to resurface as more recent findings indicate that other mechanisms exist to stabilize the homochiral states. In this study, I propose an autocatalytic cycle, and using density functional theory, prove that (1) it is plausible on primordial Earth, and (2) it propagates arbitrary asymmetries in proline. Thus, facilitating asymmetry in proline and allowing access to a wide variety of asymmetric proline‐catalyzed reactions, including those involved in the synthesis of amino acids and carbohydrates from achiral precursors.
Color–light–space: An interdisciplinary course for graduate and postgraduate students
Authors: Arnkil Harald , Pyykkö Saara 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe course Väri–valo–tila/Color–Light–Space at the Aalto University School of Arts, Design, and Architecture aims at disseminating an in‐depth understanding of the possibilities and role of color and lighting in the built environment. Central pedagogical methods are learning‐by‐doing, real‐life cases, and collaborative learning. The course is based on integrating theory with practice. The main assignment of the course is a real, ongoing architectural project on which the students can test and develop their skills in color design. Other assignments involve visual and multisensory analyses of existing spaces, their atmosphere, and sense of place. The practical and onsite assignments are complemented with lectures given by professional experts on the theory and technology of color and light and with excursions to companies and relevant urban environments.
Effect of Food on the Pharmacokinetics of Ertugliflozin and Its Fixed‐Dose Combinations Ertugliflozin/Sitagliptin and Ertugliflozin/Metformin
Authors: Sahasrabudhe Vaishali , Fediuk Daryl J. , Matschke Kyle , Shi Haihong , Liang Yali , Hickman Anne , Bass Almasa , Terra Steven G. , Zhou Susan , Krishna Rajesh , Dawra Vikas K. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractErtugliflozin, an inhibitor of sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2, is approved in the United States and European Union for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in adults, both as monotherapy and as part of fixed‐dose combination (FDC) therapies with either sitagliptin or immediate‐release metformin. The effect of a standard, high‐fat breakfast on the pharmacokinetics of the highest strengths of ertugliflozin monotherapy (15 mg), ertugliflozin/sitagliptin FDC (15‐/100‐mg), and ertugliflozin/metformin FDC (7.5‐/1000‐mg) tablets was evaluated. In 3 separate open‐label, 2‐period, 2‐sequence, single‐dose, crossover studies, 14 healthy subjects per study were randomized to receive either ertugliflozin monotherapy or FDC tablets comprising ertugliflozin and sitagliptin or ertugliflozin and metformin under fasted and fed (or vice versa) conditions. Food did not meaningfully affect the pharmacokinetics of ertugliflozin, sitagliptin, or metformin. For FDCs, the effect of food was consistent with that described for individual components. All treatments were well tolerated. Ertugliflozin and ertugliflozin/sitagliptin FDC tablets can be administered without regard to meals. As metformin is administered with meals because of its gastrointestinal side effects, the ertugliflozin/metformin FDC should also be administered with meals.
Matrix‐induced Linear Stark Effect of Single Dibenzoterrylene Molecules in 2,3‐Dibromonaphthalene Crystal
Authors: Moradi Amin , Ristanović Zoran , Orrit Michel , Deperasińska Irena , Kozankiewicz Bolesław 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAbsorption and fluorescence from single molecules can be tuned by applying an external electric field – a phenomenon known as the Stark effect. A linear Stark effect is associated to a lack of centrosymmetry of the guest in the host matrix. Centrosymmetric guests can display a linear Stark effect in disordered matrices, but the response of individual guest molecules is often relatively weak and non‐uniform, with a broad distribution of the Stark coefficients. Here we introduce a novel single‐molecule host‐guest system, dibenzoterrylene (DBT) in 2,3‐dibromonaphthalene (DBN) crystal. Fluorescent DBT molecules show excellent spectral stability with a large linear Stark effect, of the order of 1.5 GHz/kVcm−1, corresponding to an electric dipole moment change of around 2 D. Remarkably, when the electric field is aligned with the a crystal axis, nearly all DBT molecules show either positive or negative Stark shifts with similar absolute values. These results are consistent with quantum chemistry calculations. Those indicate that DBT substitutes three DBN molecules along the a‐axis, giving rise to eight equivalent embedding sites, related by the three glide planes of the orthorhombic crystal. The static dipole moment of DBT molecules is created by host‐induced breaking of the inversion symmetry. This new host–guest system is promising for applications that require a high sensitivity of fluorescent emitters to electric fields, for example to probe weak electric fields.
Looking back and moving forward: Evaluating and advancing translation from animal models to human studies of early life stress and DNA methylation
Authors: Watamura Sarah Enos , Roth Tania L. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAdvances in epigenetic methodologies have deepened theoretical explanations of mechanisms linking early life stress (ELS) and disease outcomes and suggest promising targets for intervention. To date, however, human studies have not capitalized on the richness of diverse animal models to derive and systematically evaluate specific and testable hypotheses. To promote cross‐species dialog and scientific advance, here we provide a classification scheme to systematically evaluate the match between characteristics of human and animal studies of ELS and DNA methylation. Three preclinical models were selected that are highly cited, and that differ in the nature and severity of the ELS manipulation as well as in the affected epigenetic loci (the licking and grooming, maternal separation, and caregiver maltreatment models). We evaluated the degree to which human studies matched these preclinical models with respect to the timing of ELS and of DNA methylation assessment, as well as the type of ELS, whether sex differences were explicitly examined, the tissue sampled, and the targeted loci. Results revealed <50% match (range of 8–83%) between preclinical models and human work on these variables. Immediate and longer‐term suggestions to improve translational specificity are offered, with the goal of accelerating scientific advance.
Habitat selection by the European hare in arable landscapes: The importance of small‐scale habitat structure for conservation
Authors: Mayer Martin , Ullmann Wiebke , Sunde Peter , Fischer Christina , Blaum Niels 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAgricultural land‐use practices have intensified over the last decades, leading to population declines of various farmland species, including the European hare (Lepus europaeus). In many European countries, arable fields dominate agricultural landscapes. Compared to pastures, arable land is highly variable, resulting in a large spatial variation of food and cover for wildlife over the course of the year, which potentially affects habitat selection by hares. Here, we investigated within‐home‐range habitat selection by hares in arable areas in Denmark and Germany to identify habitat requirements for their conservation. We hypothesized that hare habitat selection would depend on local habitat structure, that is, vegetation height, but also on agricultural field size, vegetation type, and proximity to field edges. Active hares generally selected for short vegetation (1–25 cm) and avoided higher vegetation and bare ground, especially when fields were comparatively larger. Vegetation >50 cm potentially restricts hares from entering parts of their home range and does not provide good forage, the latter also being the case on bare ground. The vegetation type was important for habitat selection by inactive hares, with fabaceae, fallow, and maize being selected for, potentially providing both cover and forage. Our results indicate that patches of shorter vegetation could improve the forage quality and habitat accessibility for hares, especially in areas with large monocultures. Thus, policymakers should aim to increase areas with short vegetation throughout the year. Further, permanent set‐asides, like fallow and wildflower areas, would provide year‐round cover for inactive hares. Finally, the reduction in field sizes would increase the density of field margins, and farming different crop types within small areas could improve the habitat for hares and other farmland species.