bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demographic profile of diarrhoea in malnourished children
Authors: Mahajan Anirudh , Dhar Sharvil , Mehta Abhijay , Sharma Harsh V. , Gupta Ravinder K. 
Published: November 2024

Background: Diarrhoeal illnesses impair both weight and height gains, with the most pronounced impacts observed in cases of recurrent episodes. Malnutrition can exacerbate diminished human performance, hinder physical growth, and retard cognitive development, and it is concomitant with increased frequency, duration, and severity of diarrhoeal events. The interrelationship between diarrhoea and malnutrition is intricately linked to factors related to water, sanitation, and hygiene, albeit through distinct pathophysiological mechanisms. Recurrent diarrhoeal episodes, infections, and inadequate hygiene practices can exacerbate these outcomes. Essentially, each diarrhoeal episode exacerbates nutritional deficits and fluid loss, thereby intensifying the severity of both malnutrition and dehydration. Aims and objectives were to identify and describe the demographic profile of malnourished children who experience diarrhoea, including age, sex, birth order and immunization status and to evaluate the impact of demographic variables on the severity of diarrhoea in malnourished children.
Methods: The present observational study was carried out in Outpatient department as well as inpatient department in department of pediatrics at Acharya Shri Chander College of Medical Sciences and Hospitals after obtaining ethical permission from institution with reference no. ASCOMS/IEC/2024/Meeting-II/FM/15, over a period of six months, w.e.f. 01 January 2024 to 31 June 2024. A total of 260 malnourished children were included in the study after obtaining the informed consent from their parents/guardians.
Results: In our study out of 260 malnourished children of age group 6 months to 5 years, 125 had diarrhoeal disease in which 76 (60.8%) were male and 49 (39.2%) were females with male to female ratio was 1.55:1 and majority of the study subjects were in the age group of 1-2 years (60%), followed by 6-12 months (24%), followed by 2-5 years (16%) and out of 76 male malnourished children who had diarrhoea, 52.6% were found to have grade II Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) classification of malnutrition followed by 21%, 18.4% and 8% have grade III, grade I and grade IV respectively whereas out of 49 malnourished female child who had diarrhoea, 34.7% were having grade I IAP classification of malnutrition whereas grade II and grade III were found almost similar numbers 26.5% and 24.5% respectively and 14.3% had grade IV IAP classification of malnutrition.
Conclusions: The present study concluded that the malnutrition engenders diarrhoeal manifestations through a variety of mechanisms, while diarrhoea, in turn, exacerbates the degradation of nutritional status. Moreover, 13.6% of cases of diarrhoea becomes chronic has significant implication and highlights the need of early intervention and effective management strategies to prevent acute cases from developing into chronic.
Congenital diarrhoea due to microvillus inclusion disease: a case report
Authors: Patel Pooja N. , Ratha Chinmayee , Panuganti Suresh Kumar 
Published: November 2024

Inherited diarrheal diseases are group of disorders which cause significant morbidity with dependence on parental nutrition. Microvillus inclusion disease (MVID) is a secretory enteropathy with autosomal recessive inheritance associated with bi allelic mutations in MYO5B gene or more rarely STX3 gene. We report a newborn, which developed diarrhea since birth and whose exome sequencing showed the rare mutation of biallelic STX3. There is a possibility of familial involvement (two other siblings having similar symptoms involved, but not evaluated and died) in this particular case. All three had antenatal polyhydramnios and dilated bowel loops. This case report describes an infant diagnosed with congenital diarrhea due to a genetic mutation, explores the diagnostic process, and outlines the management strategies and outcomes. The report emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and tailored treatment in improving patient outcomes.
Colonic drug delivery systems: Exploring the potential of biodegradable polymers for systemic effects
Authors: Reddy Gangadi Jayapal , Kokkula Pavan Kumar , Kannadasan M. 
Published: November 2024

Targeted drug delivery to the colon is highly desirable for the local treatment of various bowel diseases, including ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, amebiasis, and colonic cancer, as well as for the systemic delivery of protein and peptide drugs. The colon-specific drug delivery system (CDDS) must protect the drug during transit through the stomach and small intestine, ensuring that release and absorption occur only in the colon. The colon is an ideal site for drug absorption due to its lower enzymatic activity compared to the small intestine, which helps protect peptide drugs from degradation, and its long residence time, which enhances systemic bioavailability.While the oral route is the most convenient for CDDS, rectal administration is also used, though it can be uncomfortable and less effective for targeting the proximal colon. Intrarectal drug preparations, such as solutions, foams, and suppositories, are used for both systemic dosing and local treatment of the large intestine. The efficacy of these drugs often depends on their formulation, spreading capacity, and retention time.The colon’s high water absorption capacity and viscous contents can limit drug availability to the absorptive membrane. However, the presence of a diverse bacterial flora in the colon can be leveraged for drug metabolism and targeted delivery of peptide-based macromolecules, such as insulin. Understanding the anatomy and physiology of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), including variations in pH, is crucial for designing effective CDDS. This knowledge helps optimize drug release and absorption, ultimately improving therapeutic outcomes for patients.
Exploring the anti-osteoarthritic effect of Hemp Tribe Orthogo granules on monosodium iodoacetate induced osteoarthritis rat model
Authors: Premkumar Balasekar , Meena Arumugam , Shanthy Arumugam , Rao Gupta Manepalli Nageswara , Saravanan Gopalakrishnan , Rajkumar Sallabuthula , Priyanka Chandrasekar Leela 
Published: November 2024

: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint condition characterized by the deterioration of joint structures, resulting in pain and reduced joint motion. It results in joint degeneration marked by the gradual deterioration of cartilage, leading to pain and reduced joint motion. It is a debilitating disease with no available treatment, and the discovery of a medication that benefits the joints is a significant area of research.: This study examined the anti-osteoarthritis effects of the OrthoGo formulation on monosodium Iodoacetate (MIA)-induced osteoarthritis in rats by measuring the activity of the standard painkiller Diclofenac Sodium. : Osteoarthritis models were established using the intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate in rats. Following a three-week induction, measurements conducted include Eddy’s hot plate, inclined plane test, staircase ascent, and gait assessment. The impact of the preparation in mitigating the degenerative characteristics of the joints was examined via radiographic and histological analyses.: The results indicated an enhancement in analgesic efficacy in Eddy's hot plate, an increased duration on the inclined plane, enhanced gait performance, and reduced degenerative alterations in animals administered OrthoGo granules. : The OrthoGo formulation comprises hemp seed powder, glucosamine sulfate potassium chloride, and collagen peptides, which limit the progression of osteoarthritis by delaying cartilage deterioration, reducing inflammation, and enhancing locomotor performance. Consequently, OrthoGo granules containing hemp seeds may serve as a viable treatment agent for osteoarthritis, potentially exhibiting fewer adverse effects than standard analgesics such as Diclofenac Sodium.
The role of consent in Indian judiciary: Implications for cancer treatment practices
Authors: Mahani Anmol , Zadu Rudranath 
Published: November 2024

Informed consent is a fundamental ethical and legal requirement in medical practice, especially critical in high-risk treatments such as cancer care. The evolution of consent laws in India reflects the judiciary’s commitment to safeguarding patient autonomy and ensuring informed decision-making. Article 21 of the Indian Constitution underpins the right to life, which courts have interpreted to include the right to informed consent in medical treatments. This is particularly relevant in oncology, where treatment choices involve complex and often life-threatening procedures.: This manuscript aims to examine the role of informed consent in cancer treatment practices within the Indian judiciary framework. It seeks to explore the ethical implications, legal standards, and challenges in obtaining valid consent, particularly in Oncological procedures. Additionally, the manuscript aims to analyse key legal cases and their impact on shaping medical practices in cancer care across India.: The manuscript is based on a comprehensive review of legal statutes, including the Indian Constitution, the Indian Penal Code, and the Indian Contract Act, alongside Medical Council of India (MCI) guidelines. Judicial rulings and case laws related to informed consent in cancer treatment were analysed. The legal and ethical frameworks surrounding patient autonomy and healthcare practitioner responsibility are examined through case studies and statutory interpretation. The Indian judiciary has advanced the principles of informed consent, particularly in cancer care, ensuring that patients are fully informed about their treatment choices. However, challenges persist in ensuring that consent is not only informed but also voluntary and comprehensible. The judiciary’s rulings have created a robust legal framework for consent in cancer treatment, yet further clarity and practical guidelines are required to address the complexities of modern medical practice.
Les biofabriques, nouveaux modèles de production et d’accès aux intrants agricoles en Amérique latine
Authors: Goulet Frédéric , Guerrero Poveda Daniela , Odjo Sylvanus 
Published: November 2024

La production et l’accès à des alternatives aux intrants chimiques attirent l’intérêt de nombreux acteurs liés au secteur agricole. En Amérique latine, l’essor des intrants d’origine biologique, ou biointrants - incluant biofertilisants, biocontrôle et biostimulants – offre des réponses à ces enjeux (voir Perspectives 55, mai 2021). Cet essor est le résultat d’années d’investissements publics en recherche et développement, et du dynamisme des industries pour développer des technologies à base de microorganismes, de macroorganismes ou d’extraits végétaux. Mais il passe également par un autre chemin que celui des circuits traditionnels de l’agrofourniture : des ONGs, des réseaux d’agriculteurs, des politiques publiques et même certains acteurs privés encouragent la production de biointrants au sein de biofabriques, directement au sein des exploitations agricoles ou d’installations communautaires en zone rurale. Ces biofabriques ouvrent des perspectives nouvelles, mais font face dans le même temps à des défis majeurs.
FACTORS RELATED TO COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME (CVS) COMPLAINTS IN PROGRAMMERS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Marvita  , Noeroel Widajati  , Shafira Nurul Ramadhani  , Wuri Handayani Vitria 
Published: November 2024

Background: Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) symptoms can result from improper computer use. The manifestation of symptoms may encompass ocular strain, cephalalgia, ocular pain, xerophthalmia, diplopia, and visual blurring, influencing occupational efficiency. Purpose: To analyze factors related to CVS complaints among programmers at an IT consulting company in Jakarta. Method: A cross-sectional quantitative descriptive research involving 60 participants was conducted. The research examined the relationship between CVS complaints among programmers and several independent variables, including individual characteristics such as gender, age, visual aids, rest time, duration of computer use, work period, and workstation factors such as viewing distance from the screen to the horizontal eye line. The Spearman rank correlation test was utilized for data analysis. Result: Specifically, gender (sig.= 0.000), visual aids (sig.= 0.003), and the position of the top screen with the horizontal line of the eye (sig.= 0.029) were significantly related to CVS complaints. Age (sig.= 0.608), length of rest (sig.=0.055), duration of computer use (sig.= 0.138), work period (sig.= 0.717), and screen viewing distance (sig.= 0.058) did not show a significant relationship with CVS complaints. Conclusion: There is a relationship between gender, visual aids, and the position of the top of the screen with the horizontal line of the eye with CVS complaints. There is no relationship between age, length of rest, duration of computer use, working time, and screen viewing distance. Companies are expected to provide education regarding the correct use of computers, regular eye health checks, and enforce a 20-20-20 rule (20 minutes of rest, looking at objects 20 feet away for 20 seconds).
Research of Power Transmission in Photovoltaic Microgrid Model
Authors: Yujia Cheng , Yu Guang 
Published: November 2024

With the global energy mix transformation, new energy resources, particularly luminous energy, have garnered increasing attention, along with a gradual increase in their proportion in the electric power sector. However, challenges in new energy resource consumption and system planning persist. This study develops a power supply planning model that improves the consumptive ability of new energy resources. Specifically, this study presents a power supply planning model based on a photovoltaic (PV) microgrid system. System modeling and simulation analysis were conducted using MATLAB/Simulink, analyzing the output characteristics of PV microgrid system optimization. Initially, models for PV power and direct current load were established, and the effects of different parameters on the power curve were analyzed. The results demonstrate that the mathematical models are effective in simulating the output characteristics of PV microgrid systems. Additionally, the model optimized the power supply, supporting the sustainable development of the power system. Adjusting the model’s parameters significantly influences the system output, which is valuable for designing and optimizing PV power generation systems.
Exploring the Performance of ChatGPT in an Orthopaedic Setting and Its Potential Use as an Educational Tool
Authors: Drouaud Arthur , Stocchi Carolina , Tang Justin , Gonsalves Grant , Cheung Zoe , Szatkowski Jan , Forsh David 
Published: November 2024

Introduction:
We assessed ChatGPT-4 vision (GPT-4V)'s performance for image interpretation, diagnosis formulation, and patient management capabilities. We aim to shed light on its potential as an educational tool addressing real-life cases for medical students.

Methods:
Ten of the most popular orthopaedic trauma cases from OrthoBullets were selected. GPT-4V interpreted medical imaging and patient information, providing diagnoses, and guiding responses to OrthoBullets questions. Four fellowship-trained orthopaedic trauma surgeons rated GPT-4V responses using a 5-point Likert scale (strongly disagree to strongly agree). Each of GPT-4V's answers was assessed for alignment with current medical knowledge (accuracy), rationale and whether it is logical (rationale), relevancy to the specific case (relevance), and whether surgeons would trust the answers (trustworthiness). Mean scores from surgeon ratings were calculated.

Results:
In total, 10 clinical cases, comprising 97 questions, were analyzed (10 imaging, 35 management, and 52 treatment). The surgeons assigned a mean overall rating of 3.46/5.00 to GPT-4V's imaging response (accuracy 3.28, rationale 3.68, relevance 3.75, and trustworthiness 3.15). Management questions received an overall score of 3.76 (accuracy 3.61, rationale 3.84, relevance 4.01, and trustworthiness 3.58), while treatment questions had an average overall score of 4.04 (accuracy 3.99, rationale 4.08, relevance 4.15, and trustworthiness 3.93).

Conclusion:
This is the first study evaluating GPT-4V's imaging interpretation, personalized management, and treatment approaches as a medical educational tool. Surgeon ratings indicate overall fair agreement in GPT-4V reasoning behind decision-making. GPT-4V performed less favorably in imaging interpretation compared with its management and treatment approach performance. The performance of GPT-4V falls below our fellowship-trained orthopaedic trauma surgeon's standards as a standalone tool for medical education.
Early Signs of Gas Recognition Based on Machine Learning Analysis of Passive Acoustics
Authors: Maslennikova Yu. , Nagimov V. , Khakimullina L. , Koloda A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The risk of gas release in a formation under reservoir pressure depletion conditions can lead to a productivity drop. This is particularly critical for carbonates with highly non-uniform properties. Identifying intervals with high gas-oil ratios using conventional PLT methods is challenging when initial gas saturation is low, or wellbore pressure is close to the bubble-point pressure. This paper presents an approach for early gas detection based on machine learning analysis of passive acoustic data as part of PLT data.
Advancing Aboveground Storage Tank Integrity: Exploring and Implementing Online Robotic Inspection
Authors: Krishnan B. , Ali A. , Al Harbi M. , Natarajan E. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of implementing online robotic inspection techniques for aboveground storage tank, with a focus on enhancing inspection efficiency, reducing costs, and minimizing human exposure to hazardous environments. The outcomes of this implementation at ADNOC Distribution assets will also be discussed. The study employs an initial phase of literature review and comparative analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of online robotic inspection for aboveground storage tanks and then discuss the implementation results in the final phase. The research began with a comprehensive review of existing literature on online robotic inspection techniques and their applications in industrial settings. Following the literature review, the study involved collecting data on tank types, inspection requirements, and operational constraints from relevant industry sources. Comparative analysis was then conducted to evaluate the cost-effectiveness, efficiency, and safety benefits of online robotic inspection compared to traditional methods. During implementation phase at ADNOC Distribution, online robotic inspection was specifically targeted at firewater tanks due to inherent safety concerns regarding the flash point limitations of hydrocarbon service. This involved the deployment of cutting-edge robotic systems equipped with a suite of sensors and cameras, enabling remote and real-time assessment of tank conditions.
The implementation of online robotic inspection yielded compelling results, showcasing a remarkable 25% reduction in inspection costs when compared to traditional methods. Also, the inspections were completed within a few weeks compared to months taken for traditional method. Furthermore, the adoption of this approach significantly minimized the need for manpower, thereby mitigating human exposure to hazardous environments. Notably, online robotic inspection surpassed traditional techniques by achieving higher inspection coverage, underscoring its efficacy in enhancing the overall quality and comprehensiveness of tank inspection and maintenance practices. This study emphasizes the pivotal role of online robotic inspection in swiftly addressing tank inspections while upholding stringent safety standards. By concentrating on firewater tanks and harnessing the capabilities of advanced robotic technology, the inspection process was expedited without compromising safety. The observed cost reductions and decreased manpower requirements underscore the transformative potential of robotic inspection as a cornerstone technology for optimizing industrial inspection protocols and ensuring the integrity of aboveground storage tank infrastructure.
Water Injection Below Water-Oil Contact in Fractured Carbonate Reservoir. South Turgai Basin Field Case Study
Authors: Mukanov A. R. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The NWKK field was discovered in 2004 in South-Turgai Basin, Kazakhstan. Drilling campaign during an exploration and pilot operation periods showed that the field consisted of two parts – super tight western and highly fractured eastern oil pools. The main pay zone is represented by Paleozoic limestones carbonates. Both parts have been infill drilled and put under waterflooding. However, due to different rock properties secondary recover technique was designed and has been behaving differently.
Western part rock properties are poor, so the injectors have been massively stimulated, additional injection pressure facility has been applied and the issue is still not resolved. On the contrary, the east pool has been perfectly developed by waterflooding. Five injectors and twenty-two producers are not uniformly located and form irregular pattern. However, the main feature is that all injectors which are closely located to producers were completed into aquifer. That was dictated by rock properties which are characterized by high intensity of open fractures and poor matrix permeability.
The theory behind this schematic is to avoid waterbreakthrough through the high permeability flow corridors. Moreover, the idea doesn't propose horizontal displacement as the matrix permeability is too low to reach any injectivity or water advancement through the tight zone. Finally, the main goal of downdip injection is not to horizontally displace but to maintain or even boost formation pressure vertically. In other words, the aquifer is charged and stable rise of the contact happened. As the result, since the start of injection in 2014 there is no any drastic changes in watercut trend. From the beginning of the commercial production the watercut sharply increased from 0% up to 80% within one and half year and then has been slowly increasing up to 90% within 12 years without dramatic fluctuation despite the injection of water. In addition, decreasing fluid rates trend first stabilized and after flooding increased to more than 1.5 times as the reservoir pressure nearly doubled from 64 bars to 120 bars. All this led to reduction of annual oil decline rate from 30% to 5%. Thus, profound impact is observed from the water injection below the oil water contact.
That was challenging task to develop such a formation with tight matrix blocks and high angle fracture system. Fortunately, right decision on implementing waterflooding of the aquifer below the contact was made and brings great benefit from the asset in terms of boosting oil production. Nevertheless, currently, engineers consider implementing the cyclic water injection to further improve secondary oil recovery method which already proved to be efficient for highly fractured reservoirs.