bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nitratinduzierte Spannungsrisskorrosion in der Stahlbetonkuppel des Elefantenhauses Hellabrunn
Authors: Stengel Thorsten , Obermeier Philipp , Zellner Johannes 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSo stellt man sich einen 100sten Geburtstag nicht unbedingt vor: Am Vormittag des 12.09.2014 wurde die denkmalgeschützte Stahlbeton‐Rippenkuppel des Elefantenhauses im Tierpark Hellabrunn in München wegen irreparabler Schäden an der Bewehrung mithilfe einer 250 kg‐Ladung gesprengt. Vorausgegangen waren intensive mehrmonatige Baustoffuntersuchungen mit dem Ergebnis, dass der Betonstahl der historischen Stahlbetonkonstruktion in weiten Teilen durch nitratinduzierte Spannungsrisskorrosion erheblich geschädigt war. In der Folge musste das Elefantenhaus wegen Einsturzgefahr gesperrt und die Kuppel bis zur Sprengung notabgestützt werden. Der vorliegende Beitrag soll an die herausragenden ingenieurtechnischen Leistungen bei der Errichtung der Kuppel erinnern sowie die Zusammenhänge und Konsequenzen der nitratinduzierten Spannungsrisskorrosion erläutern.
LINC00462 is involved in high glucose‐induced apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells via AKT pathway
Authors: Wang Ruixin , Yan Yuehong , Li Cuicui 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNew evidences suggest that long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may play important roles in a variety of kidney diseases, including diabetic nephropathy (DN). Our present study investigated the potential function of LINC00462 in high glucose (HG)‐induced apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTEC) and to determine the underlying mechanism. The expression of LINC00462 in renal biopsy tissues was examined using quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). Then, a loss of function assay was performed to determine the protective effect of LINC00462 in HG‐induced RTEC damage. In addition, the downstream signaling pathway of LINC00462 was also investigated. The qRT‐PCR results showed that the expression of LINC00462 was significantly up‐regulated in renal biopsies from DN patients. At the same time, LINC00462 was enhanced in a glucose concentration‐ and time‐dependent manner in human kidney (HK‐2 and HKC) cells subjected to HG treatment. The knockdown of LINC00462 improved the significantly reduced cell viability of HG treatment, decreased HG‐induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde levels, and up‐regulated the response of antioxidant systems to ROS by increasing superoxide dismutase and catalase levels. In addition, knockdown of LINC00462 inhibited HG‐induced cell apoptosis and affected the expression of apoptosis‐related proteins. Most importantly, we found that knockdown of LINC00462 enhanced the expression of p‐AKT. Moreover, AKT‐specific inhibitor LY294002 restored the effect of LINC00462 knockdown on apoptosis. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that knockdown of LINC00462 can ameliorate oxidative stress and apoptosis in HG‐induced RTEC by activating the AKT pathway, suggesting that knockdown of LINC00462 may provide a potential therapeutic approach for DN.
Discovery and Comparison of Homogeneous Catalysts in a Standardized HOT‐CAT Screen with Microwave‐Heating and qNMR Analysis: Exploring Catalytic Hydration of Alkynes
Authors: Schreyer Matthias , Milzarek Tobias M. , Wegmann Marcus , Brunner Andreas , Hintermann Lukas 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA HOT‐CAT (homogeneous thermal catalysis) screen using microwave‐heating and quantitative NMR (qNMR) analysis has been developed for identification and comparison of catalyst activity in homogeneous metal‐based catalysis. The hydration of terminal alkynes to ketones or aldehydes served as a model reaction in this proof‐of‐concept study. Key aspects of the screen are the use of a high‐temperature setting (e. g., 160 °C) at a fixed, short reaction time (e. g., 15 min) for all samples. Analysis of crude reaction mixtures by a standardized, quantitative 1H NMR protocol gives a comprehensive picture of catalyst chemo‐ and regioselectivity, which permits broad comparisons and the discovery of non‐target reactivity. For catalytic alkyne hydration, data for 105 runs involving 81 catalyst systems with 15 different metals is presented. The activity of all established catalyst systems was reproduced, and new catalyst systems with Markovnikov hydration selectivity were discovered and applied to preparative runs, namely Cu2O−CSA (CSA=camphorsulfonic acid), Co(OAc)2−tetraphenylporphyrin−CSA and [IrCl(COD)]−CSA.
Highly Dispersed Graphene Network Achieved by using a Nanoparticle‐Crosslinked Polymer to Create a Sensitive Conductive Sensor
Authors: Wang Qiao , Li Lefan , Lu Zeyu , Hu Xiaosai , Li Zongjin , Sun Guoxing 
Published: September 2019

AbstractElectrically conductive hydrogels (ECHs) have attracted significant interest in the past, owing to their potential applications in flexible electronic devices. The incorporation of reduced graphene sheets (GSs) is one effective way to endow hydrogels with electrical conductivity. However, inhomogeneous distribution of GSs in a hydrogel matrix has a side effect on the conductivity for GS‐based ECHs. In this work, cement‐released calcium hydroxide nanospherulites (CNSs) are innovatively employed to help disperse GSs in a poly‐acrylamide (PAM) hydrogel matrix. An excellent ECH with good mechanical performance is achieved by dispersing GSs homogeneously into the PAM hydrogel matrix with the support of CNSs. Raman measurements confirm the vital role of CNSs in dispersing GSs homogeneously into the hydrogel matrix. With a very low GS content of 0.2 wt %, the electrical conductivity of such ECH sample can reach four times than that of reported GS‐based conductive hydrogels dispersed by conventional surfactants. Furthermore, the homogeneous distribution of GSs in the hydrogel matrix also promotes energy dissipation in the mechanical property, leading to a high compression stress (214 MPa) and stretching stress (325 KPa) for such ECHs. Owing to its rapid response speed and high stability, this ECH is used as a strain sensor to monitor deformation. In a broader context, this ECH material may have potential applications in smart sensors and wearable devices.
Patterning Porous Networks through Self‐Assembly of Programmed Biomacromolecules
Authors: Carloni Laure‐Elie , Bezzu C. Grazia , Bonifazi Davide 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) porous networks are of great interest for the fabrication of complex organized functional materials for potential applications in nanotechnologies and nanoelectronics. This review aims at providing an overview of bottom‐up approaches towards the engineering of 2D porous networks by using biomacromolecules, with a particular focus on nucleic acids and proteins. The first part illustrates how the advancements in DNA nanotechnology allowed for the attainment of complex ordered porous two‐dimensional DNA nanostructures, thanks to a biomimetic approach based on DNA molecules self‐assembly through specific hydrogen‐bond base pairing. The second part focuses the attention on how polypeptides and proteins structural properties could be used to engineer organized networks templating the formation of multifunctional materials. The structural organization of all examples is discussed as revealed by scanning probe microscopy or transmission electron microscopy imaging techniques.
Exploring the Subtle Effect of Aliphatic Ring Size on Minor Actinide‐Extraction Properties and Metal Ion Speciation in Bis‐1,2,4‐Triazine Ligands
Authors: Zaytsev Andrey V. , Bulmer Rachel , Kozhevnikov Valery N. , Sims Mark , Modolo Giuseppe , Wilden Andreas , Waddell Paul G. , Geist Andreas , Panak Petra J. , Wessling Patrik , Lewis Frank W. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe synthesis and evaluation of three novel bis‐1,2,4‐triazine ligands containing five‐membered aliphatic rings are reported. Compared to the more hydrophobic ligands 1–3 containing six‐membered aliphatic rings, the distribution ratios for relevant f‐block metal ions were approximately one order of magnitude lower in each case. Ligand 10 showed an efficient, selective and rapid separation of AmIII and CmIII from nitric acid. The speciation of the ligands with trivalent f‐block metal ions was probed using NMR titrations and competition experiments, time‐resolved laser fluorescence spectroscopy and X‐ray crystallography. While the tetradentate ligands 8 and 10 formed LnIII complexes of the same stoichiometry as their more hydrophobic analogues 2 and 3, significant differences in speciation were observed between the two classes of ligand, with a lower percentage of the extracted 1:2 complexes being formed for ligands 8 and 10. The structures of the solid state 1:1 and 1:2 complexes formed by 8 and 10 with YIII, LuIII and PrIII are very similar to those formed by 2 and 3 with LnIII. Ligand 10 forms CmIII and EuIII 1:2 complexes that are thermodynamically less stable than those formed by ligand 3, suggesting that less hydrophobic ligands form less stable AnIII complexes. Thus, it has been shown for the first time how tuning the cyclic aliphatic part of these ligands leads to subtle changes in their metal ion speciation, complex stability and metal extraction affinity.
Claiming a family brand identity: The role of website storytelling
Authors: Canziani Bonnie F. , Welsh Dianne H.B. , Dana Léo‐Paul , Ramadani Veland 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis study focuses on the creation of a family identity as a central communication objective in business storytelling. We contribute to the field of business website marketing by identifying, through textual analysis of US winery website narratives, how businesses communicate family brand identities. Results show that three claims that are critical for family brand identities—character, temporal continuity, and distinctiveness—do appear in the website texts. Our study provides beginning evidence that family identity does not require family ownership alone but can be built upon complementary narrative elements and tactics, including kinship references and heritage storytelling. Both content and linguistic style of narratives are useful in conveying a family brand identity to an external public for website design. Implications are discussed.
Renewable Responsive Systems Based on Original Click and Polyurethane Cross‐Linked Architectures with Advanced Properties
Authors: Tremblay‐Parrado Khantutta‐Kim , Avérous Luc 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA new chemical architecture from oleic acid, consisting of a diol structure containing pendant furan rings, denoted the furan oligomer (FO) was synthesized and fully characterized. The FO was integrated into a linear rapeseed‐based polyurethane (PU) backbone and cross‐linked through a Diels–Alder (DA) reaction by using pendant furan rings and a short polypropylene oxide‐based bismaleimide. This is the first time that a thermoreversible PU network based on vegetable oil has been reported. The effects of varying proportions of FO in linear and cross‐linked systems, by DA, were studied. These materials were analyzed by classic characterization techniques. The stability and recyclability of the cross‐linked materials were shown by successive reprocessing cycles and reanalyzing the mechanical properties. Self‐healing properties were macroscopically exhibited and investigated by tensile tests on healed materials. The resulting cross‐linked materials present a large range of properties, such as tunable mechanical and thermoresponsive behavior, good thermal recyclability, and self‐healing abilities.
One‐Pot Enzyme Cascade for Controlled Synthesis of Furancarboxylic Acids from 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural by H2O2 Internal Recycling
Authors: Jia Hao‐Yu , Zong Min‐Hua , Zheng Gao‐Wei , Li Ning 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFurancarboxylic acids are promising biobased building blocks in pharmaceutical and polymer industries. In this work, dual‐enzyme cascade systems composed of galactose oxidase (GOase) and alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) are constructed for controlled synthesis of 5‐formyl‐2‐furancarboxylic acid (FFCA) and 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) from 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), based on the catalytic promiscuity of ADHs. The byproduct H2O2, which is produced in GOase‐catalyzed oxidation of HMF to 2,5‐diformylfuran (DFF), is used for horseradish peroxidase (HRP)‐mediated regeneration of the oxidized nicotinamide cofactors for subsequent oxidation of DFF promoted by an ADH, thus implementing H2O2 internal recycling. The desired products FFCA and FDCA are obtained with yields of more than 95 %.
Ecologically unequal exchange and national governance: A cross‐national analysis of forest loss
Authors: Sommer Jamie M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPrevious research within the theory of ecologically unequal exchange finds that forestry exports from low‐ and middle‐income nations to high‐income nations yield increased forest loss in exporting nations. I expand upon this research by considering how the level of national governance within a nation moderates the impacts of forestry export flows from low‐ and middle‐income nations to high‐income nations on forest loss. To test this claim, I include an interaction term between forestry export flows and three national governance measures (i.e., voice and accountability, political stability, and regulatory quality) using robust regression for a sample of 76 low‐ and middle‐income nations. The findings suggest that forestry exports flows from low‐ and middle‐income nations to high‐income nations increase forest loss more at lower levels of national governance than higher levels of national governance. I also find that forestry rents, environmental nongovernmental organizations, gross domestic product per capita, and economic growth are related to forest loss.
Toll‐like receptor 4 signaling in hematopoietic‐lineage cells contributes to the enhanced activity of the human vaccine adjuvant AS01
Authors: Van Maele Laurye , Fougeron Delphine , Cayet Delphine , Chalon Aurélie , Piccioli Diego , Collignon Catherine , Sirard Jean‐Claude , Didierlaurent Arnaud M 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe 3‐O‐desacyl‐4’‐monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) activates immunity through Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling. The Adjuvant System AS01 contains MPL and is used in the candidate malaria vaccine and the licensed zoster vaccine. Recent studies reported that AS01 adjuvant activity depends on a transient inflammation at the site of vaccination, but the role of stromal or structural cells in the adjuvant effect is unknown. We investigated this question in mouse models by assessing the role of TLR4 on hematopoietic versus resident structural cells during immunization with AS01‐adjuvanted vaccines. We first established that TLR4‐deficient animals had a reduced immune response to an AS01‐adjuvanted vaccine. Using bone marrow chimera, we consistently found that Tlr4 expression in radio‐sensitive cells, i.e., hematopoietic cells, was required for an optimal adjuvant effect on antibody and T‐cell responses. At day 1 after injection, the pro‐inflammatory reaction at the site of injection was strongly dependent on TLR4 signaling in hematopoietic cells. Similarly, activation of dendritic cells in muscle‐draining lymph nodes was strictly associated with the radio‐sensitive cells expressing Tlr4. Altogether, these data suggest that MPL‐mediated TLR4‐signaling in hematopoietic cells is critical in the mode of action of AS01.
The effect of bariatric surgery on health care costs: A synthetic control approach using Bayesian structural time series
Authors: Kurz Christoph F. , Rehm Martin , Holle Rolf , Teuner Christina , Laxy Michael , Schwarzkopf Larissa 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSurgical measures to combat obesity are very effective in terms of weight loss, recovery from diabetes, and improvement in cardiovascular risk factors. However, previous studies found both positive and negative results regarding the effect of bariatric surgery on health care utilization. Using claims data from the largest health insurance provider in Germany, we estimated the causal effect of bariatric surgery on health care costs in a time period ranging from 2 years before to 3 years after bariatric intervention. Owing to the absence of a control group, we employed a Bayesian structural forecasting model to construct a synthetic control. We observed a decrease in medication and physician expenditures after bariatric surgery, whereas hospital expenditures increased in the post‐intervention period. Overall, we found a slight increase in total costs after bariatric surgery, but our estimates include a high degree of uncertainty.
Development and validation of work ethic instrument to measure Chinese people's work‐related values and attitudes
Authors: Li Jessica , Huang Mei‐Tzu , Hedayati‐Mehdiabadi Amir , Wang Yarong , Yang Xue 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWork ethic, a construct of work‐related values and attitudes, is believed to have a direct impact on how people approach work, work behavior, and on‐the‐job performance. When people experience social transformations, their work‐related values and attitudes change. The Chinese society has experienced significant transformations over an extended period of economic reform. This study is designed to develop and validate a work ethic instrument that can be used to measure current Chinese people's work‐related values and attitudes. To be sensitive to the Chinese context, this study follows a process of systematic cross‐context theory borrowing: borrowing a validated western work ethic instrument developed by Miller, Woehr, and Hudspeth (2002) and incorporating the findings of two qualitative studies on Chinese work ethic profile conducted previously in China to initiate the instrument development. This paper presents the research process including the data collection, instrument development, and instrument validation. A multigenerational and multiregional sample of 928 was used to conduct the study. The findings suggested an eight‐dimensional profile of Chinese workers' work ethic with a robust model fit. The eight dimensions are the concept of time, work centrality, morality, leisure, delay of gratification, hard work, group dynamics, and commitment to education. Implications for the field of human resource development, limitations of the study, and calls for future research are also presented.
Employee ownership heterogeneity and firm performance in China
Authors: Ren Ting , Xiao Youzhi , Yang Hongyan , Liu Shiyao 
Published: September 2019

AbstractEmployee ownership (EO) has gained increasingly significant attention from both business practitioners and policy makers in China. Through the examination of the implementation of EO by China's listed firms from 1992 to 2017 with a total of 3,396 firms and 36,559 firm‐year observations, we explored the relationship between EO implementation and firm performance. In general, we found that over time, EO firms outperform non‐EO firms in China, and the influence of EO is only different in nuanced aspects in different time periods according to the change of policies. The data from the most recent period, that is, 2014–2017, indicate that EO adopters have higher performance than matched non‐EO firms both before and after adoption, but the relative performance does not increase after adoption. We further examined the interactive effect between EO and executive stock ownership (ESO) schemes and found that the adoption of ESO weakens the positive relationship between EO and firm performance. Regarding different types of EO, we found lower performance in companies with high return rights but no control rights, and we found better performance when high return rights are combined with control rights. We suggested policy and managerial implications on the basis of the findings.
Neighbourhood chaos moderates the association of socioeconomic status and child executive functioning
Authors: St. John Ashley M. , Tarullo Amanda R. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAlthough broad associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and child executive functions (EFs) are well established, contextual factors that may matter for effects of SES on EF are not fully understood. This study used a bioecological approach to examine factors that may moderate SES–EF relations. A socioeconomically diverse sample of children ages 4.5–5.5 completed working memory and go/no‐go tasks. Parents reported on well‐being, household chaos, and neighbourhood chaos. Higher SES related to better working memory performance and higher accuracy on go trials, but neighbourhood chaos moderated these associations. Specifically, for higher neighbourhood chaos, the relations between SES and working memory and go accuracy (indexing general vigilance) were especially pronounced, such that the best EF performance was observed in children in high‐SES households who experienced higher neighbourhood chaos. Results highlight the relevance of neighbourhood quality for underlying processes of EF development, particularly in the context of high SES. Further, findings suggest the importance of teasing apart specific contextual factors that matter for child cognitive functioning.Highlights

Children ages 4.5‐5.5 years completed working memory and go/no‐go tasks to assess executive function. Parents reported on household socioeconomic status, well‐being, household chaos and neighborhood chaos.
In more chaotic neighbourhoods, SES was significantly related to child executive functions such that children with both high‐SES and high‐neighbourhood chaos showed better executive function performance.
Results highlight the importance of considering the interplay of contextual factors and socio‐economic status in early childhood executive function development.
An intervention to improve the quality of medication abortion knowledge among pharmacists in India
Authors: Diamond‐Smith Nadia , Phillips Beth , Percher Joanna , Saxena Malvika , Dwivedi Pravesh , Srivastava Aradhana 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo test an infographic two‐pager on medication abortions (MA) aimed to improve pharmacists counseling in India.MethodsA quantitative baseline survey was conducted among 283 pharmacists in three districts around Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh in January 2018. The intervention (infographic) was given to 117 of these pharmacists a few weeks later and a follow‐up survey was conducted 3 months later with 281 pharmacists. In addition, mystery clients were sent to 115 of the pharmacists.ResultsA statistically significant improvement in knowledge post‐intervention was found, compared to pre‐, for almost all quality items measured. Difference‐in‐difference estimators showed a difference in knowledge among indicators related to misoprostol in particular. However, mystery client reports showed few differences in pharmacist behaviors between intervention and control pharmacists.ConclusionThis simple, paper‐based intervention, which required no training, showed a significant improvement in pharmacists’ knowledge and was welcomed by the providers. Translating knowledge into behavior change, however, seems more difficult to impact. Adapting this simple intervention to motivate providers to change behaviors could improve the quality of care provided by pharmacists in India.