bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationships Between the Early Development of Drawing and Language: The Role of Executive Functions and Working Memory
Authors: Panesi Sabrina , Morra Sergio 
Published: March 2018

Background:Extensive research examined the development of both language and drawing, but the relationship between these symbolic representation systems is less investigated and controversial. Working memory and executive functions seem to be involved in the acquisition of both drawing and language, but how they are involved in the relation between language and drawing is still unclear.Objective:This article reviews the relevant literature and, as a synthesis, outlines a set of models that future research could use to specify the developmental relations between language, drawing, working memory, and executive functions.Drawing and Language:Four theoretical positions are discussed: (a) drawing and language emerge from the same general-domain symbolic resource; (b) drawing and language as two independent systems; (c) drawing as a form of language (d) drawing influenced by language.Executive Functions and Working Memory:The literature on the role of executive functions and working memory in the development of either drawing or language is rather fragmentary, but on the whole, it indicates that these domain-general cognitive resources and abilities are involved in supporting the development of these representation systems. An ongoing controversy on the structure of executive functions in early childhood adds further complexity to the debate on their role.Conclusions:A set of models is outlined that systematically embodies the different theoretical views regarding (a) executive function development and (b) the relations of drawing development with language, executive function, and working memory. Future research can benefit from explicit models of the causal relations between these aspects of cognitive development.
Deformation Control and Mass Transfer in the Tunic of Halocynthia roretzi
Authors: Kato Yoko 
Published: March 2018

Background:It has been previously reported that the tunic ofHalocynthia roretzi, mainly composed of cellulose, is actively deformed with mass transfer by the mechanical stimuli.Objective:In this study, how the tunic deforms in response to the mechanical environment was investigated.Method:The tunic specimen in the artificial seawater was still at 5˚C or underwent the mechanical stimuli at the temperature less than 10˚C. The mass and moisture content of the tunic, the concentrations of nitrate and dissolved organic matter in the artificial seawater used for the tunic, and the histological characteristics were evaluated.Results:The increase in mass of the tunic became lower as the region was closer to the bottom ofHalocynthia roretzi. However, the decrease in mass caused by the mechanical stimuli was not different between the adjacent regions. Also, the tunic of the siphon, the tubular tissue for influx and efflux of the seawater, increased the mass more slowly after the stimuli. The size of the layer covering the outside of the tunic was inversely related to the increment in mass. The change in mass was corresponding to that in water content. The concentrations of nitrate and dissolved organic matter in the artificial seawater were enhanced 5 days after the stimuli while the concentration ratio of dissolved organic matter to nitrate was kept constant.Conclusion:The water content in the tunic was used for controlling the mass response to the mechanical environment.
Quem cuida das crianÃ§as? A representaÃ§Ã£o das mulheres do alto escalÃ£o polÃ­tico pelos media
Authors: Holtz-Bacha Christina 
Published: March 2018

Abstract: The essay reflects on the media representation commonly associates with women politicians. Starting with a critique of media coverage about some political leaders in several countries, such as Angela Merkel, Michelle Bachelet, Ségolène Royal, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner and Hillary Clinton, the paper discusses the phenomenon of the double bind to which women are subjected in politics: if a woman presents herself as being cool, calculating and aggressive as it is expected in the political business she risks to be rejected as a virago. If she recommends herself with allegedly female traits, she will be regarded as not being viable for the serious challenges of the political business. There is no easy formula for how women should represent themselves. Since there are only few opportunities for direct contact between politicians and the electorate, it is necessary to deal with public image reported by media.Key-words: Political Communication; Election ; Gender; Representation.Resumo: O ensaio reflete sobre as representações mediáticas comumente associadas às mulheres na política. A partir da crítica à cobertura midiática sobre algumas líderes políticas em diversos países, a exemplo de Angela Merkel, Michelle Bachelet, Ségolène Royal, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner e Hillary Clinton, o trabalho discute o fenômeno do duplo vínculo ao qual as mulheres estão submetidas na política: elas estão em situação desfavorável na competição política quando assumem uma postura fria, calculada ou agressiva e lidam com hard issues, mas também quando se dedicam a questões tradicionalmente vistas como femininas, soft issues, que as caracterizam como inviáveis para a administração pública. Não há formula a ser reproduzida, e, uma vez que há poucas oportunidades para um contato direto entre políticos e eleitores, há que se lidar com a construção da imagem pública produzida pelos media.Palavras-chave: Comunicação Política; Eleições; Gênero; Representação.
Dilma Rousseff e a mí­dia internacional: uma análise do primeiro ano do mandato presidencial
Authors: Fernandes Carla Montuori 
Published: March 2018

A pesquisa “A liderança da presidente Dilma Rousseff na mídia internacional: uma análise dos jornais Le Monde, El Pais e New York Times” tem como objetivo estudar a cobertura do primeiro ano do novo mandato presidencial brasileiro que se iniciou em 1º de janeiro de 2011, nos três principais sites de cobertura internacional, o espanhol El País, o norte-americano The New York Times e o francês Le Monde. Após oito anos no exercício do poder, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT) deixou a presidência do Brasil com elevado índice de popularidade nacional e imensa visibilidade internacional. Nesse sentido, pretende-se estudar qual será o destaque da sucessora Dilma Rousseff na mídia internacional e a tendência adotada pelos jornalistas ao retratar as diretrizes políticas nos sites de significativa credibilidade na Espanha, nos Estados Unidos e na França.
Mí­dia e democracia: indeterminação e representatividade da representação
Authors: Lattman-Weltman Fernando 
Published: March 2018

Questiona-se aqui os pressupostos da chamada “crise da representação” na democracia contemporânea, e o papel específico nela desempenhado pelos modernos meios de comunicação, a partir de uma perspectiva teórica menos comprometida com os substancialismos individualista ou sociológico predominantes nas análises correntes sobre tal“crise”. Para isso, procede-se a uma pequena releitura de algumas das teorias fundadoras da democracia representativa moderna, cujo objetivo é contribuir para o início de certa desmistificação da noção de “representação”, tal como utilizada hoje pelos vários argumentos da “crise”, mostrando que, em seus primórdios, o caráter representativo da nova ordem republicana criada no Ocidente em muito pouco – ou quase nada – se referia, de fato, a algum problema de “representação”(tal como concebido hoje). Finalmente, se esboça uma defesa da inserção institucional-política da mídia na poliarquia atual, com base numa recolocação da questão da “representatividade” para a estabilidade e a eficácia do nosso sistema, dito representativo.
A "voz feminina" de um Brasil "de cores vívidas" sobre á "face mais amarga da crise". As dimensões políticas do discurso de Dilma Rousseff na 66ª Assembléia Geral da ONU.
Authors: Batista Jandré Corrêa , Corrêa Anelize Maximila 
Published: March 2018

O presente trabalho busca identificar as dimensões políticas no discurso da presidente Dilma Rousseff na 66ª Assembleia Geral da Organização das Nações Unidas. Pela perspectiva da investigação em representações sociais, os resultados apontam três eixos prioritários no discurso de Dilma Rousseff, por meio das identificações de expressões de registro e da construção de um mapa representacional (a consolidação de uma imagem positiva sobre o Brasil, a valorização da mulher e o combate à crise econômica), em sete dimensões discursivas, entre referências diretas e de ancoragem. A abordagem desta pesquisa foi centrada principalmente nos pressupostos de Moscovici (2003), Arruda (2005) e Guareschi e Maya (2000).
Keberadaan jentik dan kejadian demam berdarah dengue
Authors: Apriyani Apriyani , Sutomo Adi Heru , Umniyati Sitti Rahmah 
Published: March 2018

Environmental sanitation and the presence of larvae Aedes sp. with dengue hemoragic fever incidence in Banguntapan BantulPurposeThis study aimed to analyze any association between environmental sanitation and existence of Aedes sp. larva with incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Banguntapan, Bantul District. MethodsThis study was an observational study with case control design which analyzed any association between an effect with determinants. Respondents of this study amounted to 52 in the case group and 52 in the control group.ResultsResults of bivariate analysis showed solid waste management, water reservoirs, depletion of water reservoirs, presence of Aedes sp. larva, presence of Aedes sp. larva inside and outside house, presence of Aedes sp. larva outside of house, presence of breeding place outside of home were statistically associated with incidence of dengue fever. Multivariate analysis showed the variable of larva presence outside of house was most related to dengue fever incidence.ConclusionThe determinants of environmental sanitation included solid waste management, quality of water reservoirs, frequency of water reservoirs, and presence of breeding place inside and outside of house. All of determinants are correlated statistically with incidence of dengue fever. The determinant that was most associated with incidence of dengue fever is presence of Aedes sp. larva outside of house.Environmental sanitation and the presence of larvae Aedes sp. with dengue hemoragic fever incidence in Banguntapan Bantul
Toxisitas temephos, minyak atsiri jahe ​(Zingiber officinale Roxb)​, dan ​Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. israelensis​ (Bti) terhadap larva nyamuk ​Ae. aegypti​ dari Sumatra Utara
Authors: Sihotang Horas , Umniyati Sitti 
Published: March 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to confirm the resistance status and resistance ratio (RR) of Ae. aegypti larvae to temephos as well as to determine the effectiveness of a liquid solution of Bti H-14 and the essential oil of ginger (Zingiber officinale roxb) against Ae. aegypti larvae from Deli Serdang, North Sumatra.Method: A randomized post-test only control group was con- ducted using 3rd instar larvae of Ae. aegypti as the subjects of this study. Larval mortality was recorded after 24 hours of exposure with diagnostic dose of temephos (0.02ppm) to determine the resistance status. Probit analysis was conducted to determine median lethal time (LT50) and the RR. The concetration of Bti toxicity test was 0.01, 0.013, 0.017, 0.02, 0.03 and 0.04 mL/L and the concentration of toxicity essential oil of ginger test was 66.6, 99.9, 133.2, 166.5, 199.8 and 266.4 ppm.Results: Ae. aegypti larvae were resistant to temephos (0.02ppm) with RR 1.9 < 5. The value of LC50 and LC90 of Bti were 0.014; 0.024 mL/L respectively. The value of LC50 and LC90 of essential oil of ginger solution were 65.6ppm and 129.1ppm respectively.Conclusion: Larvae are resistant to temephos with low resistance criteria. Bti and essential oil of ginger are toxic to Ae. aegypti larvae.
La brecha digital: una revisión conceptual y aportaciones metodológicas para su estudio de México
Authors: Gómez Navarro Dulce Angélica , Alvarado López Raúl Arturo , Martínez Domínguez Marlen , Díaz de León Castañeda Christian 
Published: March 2018

<p>Las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) son herramientas que pueden representar oportunidades para generar beneficios en la sociedad. No obstante, la brecha digital en el acceso, uso y apropiación social de estas tecnologías deriva en la exclusión de ciertos grupos de personas en la Sociedad de la Información y el Conocimiento (SIC). Este artículo presenta una revisión crítica de la definición de brecha digital, y su abordaje conceptual y metodológico en el contexto internacional y nacional, así como los aspectos relevantes para la construcción de una propuesta metodológica en el estudio de la brecha digital en México desde una visión multifactorial, contextual y multidisciplinar.</p>
SINTESIS SURFAKTAN METIL ESTER SULFONAT (MES) DARI METIL LAURAT
Authors: Iman Nur , Razak Abdul Rahman , Nurhaeni Nurhaeni 
Published: March 2018

Synthesis of surfactant methyl ester sulfonate (MES) of methyl laurate has been done. This study aims to determine the best mole ratio between the methyl esters of lauric acid with sulfonated agent NaHSO3 in sulfonated methyl laurate. Mole variation used in this study are 1:1; 1:1,2; 1:1,4 and 1;1,6 (v/w). Best value MES emulsion stability, acid value and the surface tension is 94,5 minutes,1.3 ml KOH/ g sample, 39.3 dyne/cm in 1:4 ratio produces. MES synthesis produced by sulfonate group shown in the FTIR spectra in the wave number around 1366.52 to 1015.30 cm. Keywords : Surfactant Methyl Ester Sulfonate, Methyl Laurate.
The Governance Committee Process for U.S. Publicly Traded Firms
Authors: Clune Richard R. (Rich) , Hermanson Dana R. , Tompkins James G. , Ye Zhongxia (Shelly) 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
The Governance Committee (GC) is responsible for overseeing the effective functioning of the board of directors, but no previous research has been done on the GC process. Through in-depth interviews with 20 GC Chairs and members in U.S. publicly traded firms, we find that the GC undertakes a wide spectrum of processes as it fulfills its responsibilities in the areas of board, committee, and peer evaluation; governance principles, policies, and processes; board committee membership and leadership; director education; and Chief Executive Officer and executive management succession planning. We identify four potential threats to the GC being truly focused on improving board effectiveness. We conclude with questions for GC members to consider as they evaluate their GC, as well as specific research questions for further examination by academic researchers.
Manejo de luxofractura trimaleolar de tobillo en paciente gestante, reporte de caso
Authors: García Henao Laura María , Hernandez Guevara Jorge , Gallego Uribe Juan Carlos 
Published: March 2018

Las luxofracturas de tobillo son de las lesiones del músculo esqueléticas más frecuentes, por lo que el médico general debe estar preparado para su manejo inicial que es inmovilización y manejo del dolor; sin embargo, el empleo de imágenes diagnósticas en la mujer gestante puede resultar confuso por los riesgos a los que se puede someter a la paciente y así el abordaje terapéutico, el pronóstico y la rehabilitación pueden darse en forma tardía, generando consecuencias importantes en la funcionalidad de la articulación. En la actualidad no está establecido de forma protocolar el manejo de lesiones ortopédicas en pacientes obstétricas, por lo que resulta importante hacer una observación sobre este tema. Se presenta el caso de una paciente en primer trimestre de gestación con una luxofractura trimaleolar de tobillo, a quien se le dio manejo inicial conservador y posterior manejo quirúrgico tardío.
Kuolema vuodeosastolla - kuolevan potilaan hyvän hoidon edellytykset
Authors: Sarivaara Sofia , Lämsä Riikka , Seppälä Ullamaija 
Published: March 2018

Tutkimuksessa terveyskeskuksen vuodeosastoa lähestytään kuoleman paikkana kysyen, minkälaiset edellytykset vuodeosasto tarjoaa kuolevan potilaan hyvälle hoidolle. Tutkimukseen teemahaastateltiin yhdeksää hoitajaa kahdeksalta terveyskeskuksen vuodeosastolta Etelä-Suomesta. Analyysimenetelmänä käytettiin aineistolähtöistä sisällönanalyysiä. Kuolevan potilaan hoidon keskeisiä tekijöitä vuodeosastolla ovat osaston tilalliset, ajalliset ja toiminnalliset rakenteet. Ne ilmenevät hoitajien kokemuksissa huomattavissa määrin haasteina mutta myös hyvinä käytäntöinä. Yksityisen tilan puutteen vuoksi kuolevien hoidolle sekä vainajan laittamisen ja hyvästelyn hetkille ei ole tarjota tilanteiden edellyttämiä olosuhteita. Hoitajan ajan niukkuuden vuoksi hoito kaventuu kuolevan ruumiin hoitamiseksi, eikä kiireettömään läsnäoloon ole välttämättä mahdollisuutta edes lähellä kuoleman hetkeä. Toiminnallisena haasteena ovat kuolemasta vaikeneminen sekä kuoleman viime vaiheisiin ajoittuvat potilaiden siirrot. Hyvä kuolevan hoito on luonteeltaan proaktiivista ja jäsentyy kuoleman tunnistamisen ja tunnustamisen sekä kuolemanpiirin luomisen vaiheisiin. Kuolevien hoitaminen on terveyskeskuksen vuodeosastojen tehtävä, mutta niiden ajalliset, tilalliset ja toiminnalliset rakenteet eivät vielä tue parhaalla mahdollisella tavalla tehtävästä huolehtimista. Tarvitaan avointa keskustelua ja aktiivista kehittämistyötä, jotta kuolevan hyvä hoito vuodeosastoilla voi toteutua.
Dying on the ward – the preconditions for good care
The aim of the study was to examine the primary health care centre ward as a place of end-of-life care and death. Altogether nine nurses from eight different primary health care wards from southern Finland were interviewed for the study. The data consisting of these thematic interviews were analyzed by using data-oriented content analysis methods. The results show that spatial, temporal and structural factors of the ward influence nurses' opportunities to take care of a dying patient. The caregiving of a dying patient, the act of conducting last offices and the last farewells of the grieving family members cannot always be offered the privacy they acquire. Due to time shortage, the care of a dying patient can diminish to taking care of a dying body. In addition, good care is challenged by the difficulty of openly discussing death and dying as well as care transitions prior to death. Good end-of-life care is characterized by pro-activeness and it involves three phases: recognizing and acknowledging dying and creating the realm of death. The results of this study show the importance of and need for both open discussion and development work so that the structures of the primary health care centre ward would actually support the good end-of-life care.
ACCURACY, CLARITY, AND READABILITY (ACR) IN HISTORICAL ROMANCE NOVEL TRANSLATION
Authors: Rosita Nur 
Published: March 2018

Historical novel translation requires an advanced competence of translator in relation with the translation quality: how accurate, clear, and readable the translator tries to deliver the writer’s original message to his/her translation version for the readers. The more accurate, clear, and readable the translator’s version is, the easier comprehension of the text will be. This paper was an outline of descriptive research which has been conducted to analyze the translation quality assessment in translating historical romance novel Taj: A Story of Mughal India into Taj: Tragedi Di Balik Tanda Cinta Abadi by Maria M. Lubis. There were three variables factors used; the two novels as objective factor, the translator as genetic factor, and the raters as affective factor to analyze, compare, rate, and score the translation quality. The sentences, clauses, phrases that consisted Indian cultural terms from the two novels were chosen as the data. From the analysis, it was found that the translation quality of this translated novel is accurate, high clear, and high readable obviously effected by an eligible translator who has high level competence and performance in translating the novel.Keywords: translation, historical romance novel, accuracy, clarity, and readability. KEAKURATAN, KEJELASAN, DAN KETERBACAAN DALAM PENERJEMAHAN NOVEL CINTA BERLATAR SEJARAHAbstractPenerjemahan novel berlatar sejarah membutuhkan penerjemah yang kompeten jika dilihat dari segi penilalian kualitas terjemahan seperti keakuratan, kejelasan, dan keterbacaan. Semakin akurat, jelas, dan terbaca suatu produk terjemahan, hasil terjemahan semakin akan mudah dipahami. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif yang mengidentifikasi dan menggambarkan penilaian kualitas penerjemahan. Seberapa akurat, jelas, dan terbaca novel terjemahan Taj: A Story of Mughal India menjadi Taj: Tragedi Di Balik Tanda Cinta Abadi oleh Maria M. Lubis. Ada tiga faktor variabel yang digunakan; kedua novel sebagai faktor objektif, penerjemah sebagai faktor genetik, dan tim penilai sebagai faktor afektif untuk menganalisis, membandingkan, menilai, dan memberi angka kualitas terjemahan. Kalimat, klausa, ungkapan-ungkapan yang terdiri dari istilah budaya India dari kedua novel dipilih sebagai data. Dari analisis tersebut, ditemukan bahwa kualitas terjemahan novel yang diterjemahkan ini akurat, sangat jelas, dan mudah dibaca, yang dipengaruhi oleh kepakaran dan kompetensi kinerja dalam menerjemahkan novel tersebut. Kata kunci: penerjemahan, novel cinta sejarah, keakuratan, kejelasan, dan keterbacaan.
Effects of MK-467 hydrochloride and hyoscine butylbromide on cardiorespiratory and gastrointestinal changes induced by detomidine hydrochloride in horses
Authors: Tapio Heidi A. , Raekallio Marja R. , Mykkänen Anna , Mama Khursheed , Mendez-Angulo Jóse L. , Hautajärvi Heidi , Vainio Outi M. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of MK-467 and hyoscine butylbromide on detomidine hydrochloride–induced cardiorespiratory and gastrointestinal changes in horses.
ANIMALS 6 healthy adult horses.
PROCEDURES Horses received detomidine hydrochloride (20 μg/kg, IV), followed 10 minutes later by MK-467 hydrochloride (150 μg/kg; DET-MK), hyoscine butylbromide (0.2 mg/kg; DET-HYO), or saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (DET-S), IV, in a Latin square design. Heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, arterial and venous blood pressures, and cardiac output were measured; blood gases and arterial plasma drug concentrations were analyzed; selected cardiopulmonary variables were calculated; and sedation and gastrointestinal borborygmi were scored at predetermined time points. Differences among treatments or within treatments over time were analyzed statistically.
RESULTS With DET-MK, detomidine-induced hypertension and bradycardia were reversed shortly after MK-467 injection. Marked tachycardia and hypertension were observed with DET-HYO. Mean heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure differed significantly among all treatments from 15 to 35 and 15 to 40 minutes after detomidine injection, respectively. Cardiac output was greater with DET-MK and DET-HYO than with DET-S 15 minutes after detomidine injection, but left ventricular workload was significantly higher with DET-HYO. Borborygmus score, reduced with all treatments, was most rapidly restored with DET-MK. Sedation scores and pharmacokinetic parameters of detomidine did not differ between DET-S and DET-MK.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE MK-467 reversed or attenuated cardiovascular and gastrointestinal effects of detomidine without notable adverse effects or alterations in detomidine-induced sedation in horses. Further research is needed to determine whether these advantages are found in clinical patients and to assess whether the drug influences analgesic effects of detomidine.