bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O neoliberalismo chileno (1973-1990) e seus desafios à integração sul-americana dos anos 1980
Authors: Santos Rafael Macedo da Rocha 
Published: March 2019

Recebido: 18/04/2018 Aprovado: 27/05/2018Publicado: 10/06/2018O modelo econômico chileno adotado por Pinochet não encontrou similaridade de política econômica em nenhuma das demais ditaduras militares da América do Sul. O pioneiro do neoliberalismo chileno contribuiu para a formação pós-redemocratização de um país com características distintas do restante da América Latina: um Chile cuja inserção em blocos regionais fora relativizada em prol de um alinhamento com potências como Japão, EUA e Europa. Nesse sentido, associamos o não-ingresso do Chile no Mercosul com essa política de afastamento do continente. O objetivo do artigo, portanto, é analisar as origens do modelo econômico chileno e sua relação com a integração. Palavras-Chave: liberalismo, ditadura, blocos econômicos, América Latina.
A pesquisa em história da educação: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Da Costa Osnar , Salviano Leonardo 
Published: March 2019

Recebido: 22/01/2018 Aprovado: 17/04/2018Publicado: 10/06/2018O presente artigo desenvolve uma reflexão sobre a pesquisa em História da Educação, enfocando os debates sobre a historiografia em educação no Brasil e seus métodos investigativos em relação as suas fontes, métodos e práticas. Pretende-se apresentar as principais obras, os pesquisadores e suas contribuições para essa temática no âmbito do desenvolvimento educacional do país, se tornando, este objeto, numa divulgação destes trabalhos e sua influência no desempenho profissional de professores do país, bem como na sua apresentação mais antiga para a sua mais recente, e como, a partir daí, foram agregadas uma nova análise desse conhecimento, proporcionando assim, inovações nessa área. Palavras-chave: Historiografia Brasileira, Pesquisa, História da Educação.
Anatomy of the Thigh Gap
Authors: Leboeuf Céline 
Published: March 2019

This article explores the ongoing obsession with the thigh gap ideal in certain pockets of Western societies. A thigh gap is the space some women have between their inner thighs when they stand with their feet together. The thigh gap ideal is flaunted on “thinspo” websites, which compile diet and exercise tips and display pictures of fashion models and “real women” in their efforts to inspire women to become thinner. I aim to identify what is wrong with the thigh gap obsession and to suggest a way to overcome it. I begin by describing the genesis of the obsession. I then argue that the relation women in the grip of this preoccupation have to their bodies is an instance of what I call bodily alienation. Next, I consider responses to the thigh gap phenomenon. I claim that a viable response, besides broadening standards of beauty, lies in pursuing bodily activities for their own sake. I call the view I articulate “sensualism.” I conclude by discussing the merits of an individual response of the type I advocate, in light of the structural character of women’s oppression through standards of beauty.
Rapid Tissue Clearing in Pre-warmed Xylene Without Compromising Staining Adequacy and Histoarchitecture
Authors: Onyegbula K. C. , Afahaene O. N. , Awolaja S. T. , Makinde O. 
Published: March 2019

Aims: To determine the adequacy of nucleo-cytoplasmic staining characteristics and preservation of nucleo-cytoplasmic morphology of mouse liver tissue cleared in pre-warmed xylene at predetermined temperatures and durations using haematoxylin and eosin staining procedure.
Study Design: Tissues for clearing were first divided into 3 broad experimental groups (A, B and C) based on pre-determined tissue clearing temperature. Each broad group were further divided into 4 sub-groups (A1 to A4, B1 to B4 and C1 to C4) based on duration of tissue clearing.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria and Department of Oral Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. January-June, 2015.
Methodology: Tissues assigned to sub-groups A1 to A4 were cleared in pre-warmed xylene at 25°C for 30, 45, 60 and 90 minutes respectively, while tissues assigned to sub-groups B1 to B4 were cleared in pre-warmed xylene at 30°C for 30, 45, 60 and 90 minutes respectively and tissues assigned to sub-groups C1 to C4 were cleared in pre-warmed xylene at 35°C for 30, 45, 60 and 90 minutes respectively. As a consequence of this procedure, adequacy of nucleo-cytoplasmic staining characteristics and preservation of nucleo-cytoplasmic morphology were subsequently determined.
Results: Adequacy of nuclear and cytoplasmic staining were both assessed using a 2-point grading scale of 0 being inadequate and 1 being adequate, while preservation of both nuclear and cytoplasmic morphology were also assessed using a 2-point grading scale of 0 being poorly preserved and 1 being well preserved. Adequate nuclear and cytoplasmic staining were observed in tissues cleared in pre-warmed xylene at 25°C for 45 and 60 minutes, at 30°C for 30 and 45 minutes, at 35°C for 30, 45, 60 and 90 minutes. Well preserved nuclear morphology were observed in tissues cleared in pre-warmed xylene at 25°C for 30, 45 and 60 minutes, at 30°C for 30 and 45 minutes and at 35°C for 30, 45, 60 and 90 minutes. However, only tissues cleared at 35°C for 30, 45 and 90 minutes exhibited well preserved cytoplasmic morphology.
Conclusion: Adequate nucleo-cytoplasmic staining and well preserved nucleo-cytoplasmic morphology of tissues for histopathologic demonstration may be achieved rapidly by clearing tissues in 35°C pre-warmed xylene for as short as 30 minutes.
Similarity Solution of Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer of a Nanofluid Over a Porous Plate in a Darcy-Forchheimer Flow
Authors: Falana A. , Alao Ahmed A. 
Published: March 2019

In this work, a similarity solution of the flow, heat and mass transfer of a nanofluid over a porous plate in a Darcy-Forchheimer flow is explored. The nanofluid model includes Brownian motion and Thermophoresis diffusion effects. The governing transport equations are made dimensionless using similarity transformation technique which reduce them into ordinary differential equations with the associated boundary conditions. The equations are then solved numerically using the classical fourth order Runge-Kutta method and the results are benched marked with available results in literature and are found to be in good agreement. The results for the flow velocity, the shear stress, the temperature distribution, the nanoparticle volume concentration, the skin friction coefficient, the reduced Nusselt number, and the reduced Sherwood number, are presented graphically illustrating the effects of permeability, inertia, thermophoresis, Brownian motion, Lewis number and Prandtl number on the flow. Our analysis shows, among others, that the Nusselt number is a decreasing function, while the Sherwood number is an increasing function of the thermophoretic number
Study of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1and 2 Mutations in Adult Egyptian Patients with Denovo Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia, Their Relation to Clinical Characteristics, FLT3/ITD and Nucleophosmin 1 Mutations and Impact on Treatment Outcome
Authors: Samir Barakat Sherine , Elsatar Elsorady Manal Abd , Wagdy Ayad Mona , Elmoety Elneely Dalia Abd , Abd Elfatah Fatma Mohamed 
Published: March 2019

Background: Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a malignancy that is heterogeneous in nature characterized by genetic abnormalities some of which are established in the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. An additional role for alterations in epigenetic mechanisms has been also highlighted in the pathogenesis of the disease. This may have a role in determining the disease outcome, impact the treatment decision and provide options for targeted therapies especially in patients who lack genetic aberrations. One of the modes of epigenetic dysregulation is mutation in genes encoding isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 that has been observed in AML with a higher incidence in patients with normal karyotype (NK).
Aim of the work: The aim of this work was to study the frequency of IDH1 (R132) and IDH2 (R140Q, R172K) mutations in adult Egyptian patients with de novo acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), their relation with clinical characteristics, other molecular markers (the internal tandem duplication (ITD)) mutation of FLT3 gene and NPM1 gene mutation) and impact on treatment outcome.
Methods: Peripheral blood samples from 50 adult patients with denovo acute myeloid leukemia, admitted to the haematology unit at Alexandria Main University Hospital from February 2015 to February 2017, were used. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method (PCR-RFLP) was used for detection of IDH1 codon R132 and IDH2 codons (R140, R172) mutations on genomic DNA. PCR was used for detection of FLT3-ITD mutation on genomic DNA. PCR was used for detection of NPM1 mutation on RNA.
Results: IDH 1and 2 mutations occurred in 30% of newly diagnosed AML patients and 47.6% of NK patients. Both mutations did not co-occur except in one case. IDH positive patients were significantly older than IDH negative patients (p=0.003). There was no statistically significant correlation between any of the clinical parameters and the IDH mutations. FAB-M2 was the most common FAB subtype among IDH positive patients. No correlation between IDH mutations and NPM1 or FLT3 could be demonstrated. IDH positive patients had significantly lower CR rates after induction chemotherapy than IDH negative patients (p=0.021).
Conclusion: IDH1, 2 mutations are recurring genetic alterations in AML with a higher incidence in patients with normal karyotype and they may have an unfavorable impact on clinical outcome in adult AML patients.
Full‐Spectrum Persistent Luminescence Tuning Using All‐Inorganic Perovskite Quantum Dots
Authors: Gong Zhongliang , Zheng Wei , Gao Yu , Huang Ping , Tu Datao , Li Renfu , Wei Jiaojiao , Zhang Wen , Zhang Yunqin , Chen Xueyuan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractApplications of persistent luminescence phosphors as night or dark‐light vision materials in many technological fields have fueled up a growing demand for rational control over the emission profiles of the phosphors. This, however, remains a daunting challenge. Now a unique strategy is reported to fine‐tune the persistent luminescence by using all‐inorganic CsPbX3 (X=Cl, Br, and I) perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs) as efficient light‐conversion materials. Full‐spectrum persistent luminescence with wavelengths covering the entire visible spectral region is achieved through tailoring of the PeQD band gap, in parallel with narrow bandwidth of PeQDs and highly synchronized afterglow decay owing to the single energy storage source. These findings break through the limitations of traditional afterglow phosphors, thereby opening up opportunities for persistent luminescence materials for applications such as a white‐emitting persistent light source and dark‐light multicolor displays.
Lichtinduzierte orthogonale Bildung kovalenter Bindungen durch zwei Wellenlängen
Authors: Menzel Jan P. , Feist Florian , Tuten Bryan , Weil Tanja , Blinco James P. , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWir stellen lichtinduzierte Reaktionen in einem Mehrkomponentensystem vor, die durch die Wahl der Wellenlänge und des Lösungsmittels reihenfolgenunabhängig λ‐orthogonal durchgeführt werden können. 2,5‐Diphenyltetrazole werden durch Licht einer LED mit Emissionsmaximum λmax=285 nm mit N‐Ethylmaleimid in einer Lösung aus Acetonitril und Wasser umgesetzt, während gleichzeitig vorliegende o‐Methylbenzaldehyd‐Thioether nicht reagieren. Im Gegenzug werden die o‐Methylbenzaldhyde durch längerwelliges LED‐Licht, λmax=382 nm, über eine o‐Chinodimethanzwischenstufe mit N‐Ethylmaleimid in Acetonitril umgesetzt, wahrend das entsprechende Tetrazol erhalten bleibt. Diese unerwartete photochemische Selektivität wird durch Kontrolle der Menge und Wellenlänge der eingestrahlten Photonen sowie die optischen Eigenschaften und Quantenausbeuten der Reaktanten im ausgewählten Lösungsmittelgemisch ermöglicht.
The surface behaviour of white sharks during ecotourism: A baseline for monitoring this threatened species around Guadalupe Island, Mexico
Authors: Becerril‐García Edgar E. , Hoyos‐Padilla Edgar M. , Micarelli Primo , Galván‐Magaña Felipe , Sperone Emilio 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Cage diving is the most important activity for the sustainable use of white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias). However, information related to their behaviour during ecotourism is scarce.
This study provides useful information for monitoring C. carcharias during cage‐diving activities around Guadalupe Island, Mexico. Surface behaviour of 106 white sharks was recorded for 87 days on‐board six cage‐diving boats in 2012, 2013, and 2014.
Of the observed sharks, 63% were immature specimens (n = 67) and 37% were considered mature (n = 39). Seventy‐one per cent were males (n = 75) and 29% were females (n = 31).
Interactions were classified into one of the 11 behaviours: parading, close inspection, horizontal attack, vertical attack, bait catching, feeding, not feeding, buoy catching, encounter, escape, and staying.
Parading, close inspections, and horizontal attacks were performed more often by mature males, whereas immature females performed more vertical attacks, with no differences between mature and immature males.
A total of 1,542 ethograms were registered. Each ethogram consisted on average of 6.3 ± 5.6 behaviours with a significant transitional pattern from horizontal attacks to parading and close inspections, and from vertical and horizontal attacks to bait being caught.
A pattern related to feeding in a simple stimulus response reflex was observed. The shark's length seems to play an important role in the efficiency of the attacks, presumably resulting from the experience of mature individuals. Intentional feeding should be avoided to prevent negative effects related to ecotourism.
This study constitutes a baseline for future research on white shark behaviour. It can be applied in other regions regardless of environmental conditions, quantity and size of the boats, and types of bait. Using this standard method could improve the monitoring, management, and conservation of this vulnerable species.
An interactive computational strategy for teaching the analysis of silo structures in civil engineering
Authors: García‐Macías Enrique , Castro‐Triguero Rafael , Saavedra Flores Erick I. , Yanez Sergio J. , Hinrechsen Karen 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn this article, a Matlab‐based software environment called Guide Silo Design (GSD) is proposed to help undergraduate students to better understand the complex phenomena involved in the analysis process of silo structures. The software is integrated with two commercial finite element softwares. These are the Open Application Programming Interface (OAPI) code in SAP2000 and the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL) code in ANSYS. GSD allows civil engineering students to create a virtual simulation environment in which an effective and appropriate teaching‐learning process can be experienced. The GSD environment is programmed in Matlab using a finite element‐based mathematical framework. Furthermore, as the analysis of silo structures is highly relevant in real engineering projects, students can acquire fundamental knowledge for their future works as engineers. The present interactive virtual environment has great potential to improve the learning process of the analysis of silo structures.
Very long‐term survivors among patients with metastatic soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: Carbonnaux Mélodie , Brahmi Mehdi , Schiffler Camille , Meeus Pierre , Sunyach Marie‐Pierre , Bouhamama Amine , Karanian Marie , Tirode Franck , Pissaloux Daniel , Vaz Gualter , Ray‐Coquard Isabelle , Blay Jean‐Yves , Dufresne Armelle 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundMetastatic soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a group of rare and heterogeneous mesenchymal tumors with a poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of long‐term survivors and describe their presentation and management in a large cohort of patients with metastatic STS.MethodsWe collected information of patients with metastatic STS managed in Centre Leon Berard between 1985 and 2015 aiming to compare the group of patients alive 5 years after the diagnosis of metastases vs the others. Prognostic factors of patients and tumors characteristics were investigated by logistic regression analysis. For “long‐term survivors,” we explored therapeutic strategies at metastatic stage.ResultsOut of 436 patients enrolled, 39 (9%) were still alive 5 years after diagnostic of metastases with a median survival of 146 months (12 years). This “long‐term survivors” group included more female and younger patients, with better performance status, more synovial sarcoma or endometrial stromal sarcoma, more patients with simple genomic sarcomas, lower tumor grade, smaller tumor, and longer disease‐free interval. In multivariate analysis, age below 55 at metastatic stage (P = 0.0002) and grade 1 tumor (P < 0.0001) were significantly associated with the “long‐term survivors.” Their therapeutic management was usually aggressive (intensified or polychemotherapy, repeated local treatment of metastases), leading to 62% of complete response in first‐line setting.ConclusionsVery long‐term survivors are observed in metastatic STS. Selection of patients in good condition with less aggressive tumor and administration of intensive treatment may lead to obtain these motivating results in a poor prognosis disease.
Facile Synthesis of BiVO4 for Visible‐Light‐Induced C−C Bond Cleavage of Alkenes to Generate Carbonyls
Authors: Han Sung Su , Park Joon Yong , Hwang Ho Seong , Choe Hye Rin , Nam Ki Min , Cho Eun Jin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBiVO4 crystals synthesized by an ultrasonic‐assisted method (Sono‐BiVO4) showed improved efficiency as a heterogeneous photocatalyst under visible‐light irradiation. Sono‐BiVO4 was successfully used for the C−C bond cleavage of alkenes to generate carbonyl compounds. Styrene derivatives were converted into carbonyl compounds in the presence of Sono‐BiVO4 under highly sustainable conditions requiring only natural sources, that is, molecular oxygen, visible light, and water at room temperature. Additionally, Sono‐BiVO4 could be easily separated from the reaction mixture and reused.
A comparison of the association between large haplotype blocks under selection and the presence/absence of inversions
Authors: Lamichhaney Sangeet , Andersson Leif 
Published: March 2019

AbstractInversions may contribute to ecological adaptation and phenotypic diversity, and with the advent of “second” and “third” generation sequencing technologies, the ability to detect inversion polymorphisms has been enhanced dramatically. A key molecular consequence of an inversion is the suppression of recombination allowing independent accumulation of genetic changes between alleles over time. This may lead to the development of divergent haplotype blocks maintained by balancing selection. Thus, divergent haplotype blocks are often considered as indicating the presence of an inversion. In this paper, we first review the features of a 7.7 Mb inversion causing the Rose‐comb phenotype in chicken, as a model for how inversions evolve and directly affect phenotypes. Second, we compare the genetic basis for alternative mating strategies in ruff and timing of reproduction in Atlantic herring, both associated with divergent haplotype blocks. Alternative male mating strategies in ruff are associated with a 4.5 Mb inversion that occurred about 4 million years ago. In fact, the ruff inversion shares some striking features with the Rose‐comb inversion such as disruption of a gene at one of the inversion breakpoints and generation of a new allele by recombination between the inverted and noninverted alleles. In contrast, inversions do not appear to be a major reason for the fairly large haplotype blocks (range 10–200 kb) associated with ecological adaptation in the herring. Thus, it is important to note that divergent haplotypes may also be maintained by natural selection in the absence of structural variation.
On‐chip electromembrane extraction of acidic drugs
Authors: Roman‐Hidalgo Cristina , Santigosa‐Murillo Elia , Ramos‐Payán María , Petersen Nickolaj J. , Kutter Jörg P. , Pedersen‐Bjergaard Stig 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn the present work, a new supported liquid membrane (SLM) has been developed for on‐chip electromembrane extraction of acidic drugs combined with HPLC or CE, providing significantly higher stability than those reported up to date. The target analytes are five widely used non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): ibuprofen (IBU), diclofenac (DIC), naproxen (NAX), ketoprofen (KTP) and salicylic acid (SAL). Two different microchip devices were used, both consisted basically of two poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) plates with individual channels for acceptor and sample solutions, respectively, and a 25 µm thick porous polypropylene membrane impregnated with the organic solvent in between. The SLM consisting of a mixture of 1‐undecanol and 2‐nitrophenyl octyl ether (NPOE) in a ratio 1:3 was found to be the most suitable liquid membrane for the extraction of these acidic drugs under dynamic conditions. It showed a long‐term stability of at least 8 hours, a low system current around 20 µA, and recoveries over 94% for the target analytes. NPOE was included in the SLM to significantly decrease the extraction current compared to pure 1‐undecanol, while the extraction properties was almost unaffected. Moreover, it has been successfully applied to the determination of the target analytes in human urine samples, providing high extraction efficiency.
A case study of atypical Larsen syndrome with absent hallmark joint dislocations
Authors: Kodra Neslida , Diamonstein Callie , Hauser Natalie S. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundA family with skeletal and craniofacial anomalies is presented. Whole‐exome sequencing (WES) analysis indicated a diagnosis of Larsen syndrome, although their clinical presentation does not include the hallmark joint dislocations typically observed in Larsen syndrome.MethodsPatient consent for the sharing of de‐identified clinical and genetic information, along with use of photographs for publication, was obtained.WES and variant segregation analysis by WES were performed by commercial laboratory, GeneDx (Gaithersburg, MD), on peripheral blood samples from the proband, her brother, and her parents using methods detailed on their website for testXomeDx Whole Exome Sequencing Trio(https://www.genedx.com/test-catalog/available-tests/xomedx-whole-exome-sequencing-trio/). WES uses next‐generation sequencing (NGS) technology to assess for variants within the coding regions, or exons, of approximately 23,000 genes. For theFLNBgene (NM_001457.3), 100% of the coding region was covered at a minimum of 10x. GeneDx uses Sanger sequencing to confirm NGS variants.ResultsWES revealed a heterozygous pathogenic variant, p.Glu227Lys (c.679G>A), in theFLNBgene in three out of the four family members tested. This variant is associated with Larsen syndrome, a skeletal dysplasia condition with a wide range of phenotypic variability that usually includes congenital joint dislocations.ConclusionThis is a highly unusual presentation of Larsen syndrome in which the identifying hallmark trait is absent in the patients’ phenotypes.