bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expert panel opinion on the optimal educational pathway for diabetes educators for training people with type 1 diabetes on the MiniMed™ 780G system: a Delphi consensus
Authors: Gallen Geraldine , Rosso Alice , Alonso-Carril Núria , Arbeli Sima , Bahon Virginie , Brown Vanessa , Endlich Kerstin , Gulotta Francesca , Hansart Audrey , Jolley Amy , Jussila Rea , Stefanowicz-Bielska Anna , Cardano Paola 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The MiniMed™ 780G system is an advanced insulin pump system incorporating an AHCL (Advanced Hybrid Close Loop) algorithm that automatically adjusts insulin delivery based on glucose levels. All guidelines recommend the use of Automated Insulin Delivery therapy for people with type 1 diabetes (PWT1D) and they highlight that a specifically trained and expert team should provide training on HCL systems for PWT1D, but none of the publications detail the curriculum profile that diabetes educators should have. This paper aims to establish a consensus on the optimal educational pathway for diabetes educators on the MiniMed™ 780G system.

Methods
An Expert Panel (EP) of 11 key opinion educators in diabetes technology in the EMEA area was assembled. Using the Delphi method, a consensus questionnaire based on the literature research was created, discussed and validated by the EP members. An agreement level of ≥ 75% was considered a strong consensus.

Results
EP members had on average 16.3 years of clinical experience and followed at least 50 PWT1D using the MiniMed™ 780G system. All EP members agreed that a structured educational pathway to train diabetes educators in the use of the MiniMed™ 780G system is needed. 100% of the EP members agreed that the pathway should include a mentorship programme and in-field training; 90% agreed on using face-to-face training with the support of e-learning modules. The EP members believed that minimum competency standards for diabetes educators around the principles of diabetes care and education are needed.

Conclusion
The educational pathway created by the EP showed that skills are needed at an advanced level and that mentorship in developing these skills is critical. This pathway is vital for supporting the implementation of diabetes technology into everyday life and can remove barriers and increase access to PWT1D.
Effectiveness of platelet-rich fibrin in third molar extractions: a randomized controlled split-mouth study
Authors: Zwittnig Katharina , Kirnbauer Barbara , Truschnegg Astrid , Jakse Norbert , Wolf Axel , Sokolowski Alwin , Mischak Irene , Payer Michael 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To date, studies have only investigated the use of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) after removal of third molars from the mandible or maxilla. Removal of the upper and lower third molars is typically combined into one session per side; therefore, this study aimed to investigate influence on PRF.

Materials and methods
This prospective, single-blinded, randomized controlled, clinical trial (split-mouth design) included 25 patients. After third molar removal, the test group’s sockets were treated with solid PRF clots, whereas the control group’s sockets were conventionally treated. The primary outcome was swelling, which was measured digitally and analogously. Secondary outcomes included trismus, pus, hematoma, and clinical attachment loss (CAL) of the second molars on days 1, 3, 7, and 14. Patient-centered outcome measures and the consumption of painkillers and antibiotics were recorded on days 0–7. The t-test for paired samples, Wilcoxon test, and Chi-Square test were used for statistical analyses.

Results
Swelling was significantly lower on day 14 in the test group (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed in pain, trismus, and CAL. In the test group, the number of painkillers taken and the number of days of intake were significantly lower (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
PRF caused a reduction of painkiller consumption and in the days painkillers were needed. PRF significantly considerably reduced swelling after 14 days. Owing to the lack of differences in other parameters, the integration of PRF application into routine wisdom tooth removal is critical.

Clinical relevance
PRF affects the long-term outcomes of third molar removal by reducing swelling and reducing as well as shortening painkiller consumption.

Trial registration
clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05089812).
Actor-specific adaptation objectives shape perceived roles and responsibilities: lessons from Mumbai’s flood risk reduction and general considerations
Authors: Doshi Deepal , Garschagen Matthias 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAdaptation efforts need to be advanced significantly, involving multiple actors and a diverse portfolio of options. Despite this being well established, there is little understanding of different actors’ perceptions of adaptation goals and their associated expectations regarding roles and responsibilities to achieve them. In this analysis, we seek to address this gap by elucidating the diverging viewpoints held by various actor groups concerning adaptation objectives, target beneficiaries, and the distribution of roles and responsibilities for adaptation. Here, we use the case study of flood risk in Mumbai, drawing upon qualitative interview data collected through key informant interviews with diverse stakeholders including state, civil society, and academic actors. Interviews revealed stark disparities between state and non-state actors, in particular on the objective of efficiency, largely emphasized by state actors for physical infrastructure measures. Other contested objectives included ecosystem protection and fairness for vulnerable populations. The findings showed consensus on the importance of planning. Non-state actors heavily debated the lack of planning and implementation of institutional changes and ecosystem-based measures. They called for a stronger role of the state in caretaking and fairness for vulnerable populations, mainly through deeper institutional changes. Overall, the findings point to the urgent need for understanding how actors navigate competing priorities, make trade-offs, and negotiate conflicting viewpoints on the distribution of roles and responsibilities. This paper makes an empirical and conceptual contribution to the debates on “social contracts” for adaptation, offering an operationalization of the concept and application to a real-world example through an actor lens.
Behavioural thermoregulation prevents thermal stress in lizard sperm fertility
Authors: Domínguez-Godoy Miguel A. , Arenas-Ríos Edith , Uriostegui-Escoto Daniel , Lucio Rosa Angélica , Díaz de la Vega-Pérez Aníbal H. , Méndez de la Cruz Fausto R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGlobal warming is threatening ectotherms, with strong repercussions on their population dynamics. Body temperature in ectotherm reptiles is crucial to perform all their biological functions, which are maximized within a narrow interval. When faced with new or adverse thermal conditions, reptiles will respond with distributional changes, behavioural adjustments to maintain their internal temperature, or by adapting to the new environment, otherwise, extinctions will occur. Higher temperatures may have negative repercussions, for example, shortening periods of activity, affecting embryo development during gestation or decreasing viability of sperm cells in males. Through behavioural thermoregulation, reptiles can compensate for environmental variations (Bogert effect). Furthermore, according to Janzen’s hypothesis, the physiological cost of responding to adverse thermal conditions will be low in species exposed to higher thermal overlap. Here, we analysed the effect of a change in the thermal regime on sperm cell viability in Sceloporus megalepidurus, a small viviparous lizard from central Mexico. We hypothesized that an active thermoregulator inhabiting temperate mountains is able to prevent the effects of thermal change on sperm cell viability. We found that the change in thermal regime did not modify sperm cell viability, nor does it affect the maturation of sperm cells in the epididymis. Our results support the Bogert effect and suggest that, despite the high temperatures and low thermal quality, S. megalepidurus can maintain its body temperature within an optimal range for sperm cell viability.
Usage status of biologics for the chronic treatment of optic neuritis in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders in Japan
Authors: Takahashi Yohei , Kezuka Takeshi , Shikishima Keigo , Yamagami Akiko , Chuman Hideki , Nakamura Makoto , Ueki Satoshi , Kimura Akiko , Hashimoto Masato , Tatsui Sonoko , Mashimo Kimiyo , Ishikawa Hitoshi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To investigate the usage status of biologics for the chronic treatment of optic neuritis including neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders in Japan.

Design
Multicenter retrospective case series.

Methods
Patients diagnosed with anti-aquaporin 4 antibody (AQP4-Ab) positive optic neuritis and had been initiated on biologics (satralizumab, eculizumab, and inebilizumab) between January 2020 and August 2022 were identified at 30 facilities in Japan. These patients were investigated regarding changes in oral steroid doses, optic neuritis relapse, and adverse events after initiation of biologics.

Results
Eighty-eight patients with AQP4-Ab positive optic neuritis initiated on biologics were included. Satralizumab was the most common biologic used (79 patients), followed by eculizumab (6 patients) and inebilizumab (3 patients). In the satralizumab group, during the observation period (10.0±7.0 months) until February 2023, the oral steroid dose was reduced significantly from 13.8 ± 8.6 mg/day at the time of initiation to 5.3 ± 4.8 mg/day (p < 0.001). No relapse of optic neuritis was observed in 76 of 79 patients (96.2%) after initiation of satralizumab. Furthermore, in 15 patients who succeeded in discontinuing steroids during 8.5 ± 5.8 months after initiation of satralizumab, no relapse of optic neuritis was observed throughout the observation period. Adverse events occurred in 7 patients with satralizumab and 2 patients with eculizumab, but no serious infections were observed.

Conclusions
Satralizumab was the most commonly used biologic for AQP4-Ab positive optic neuritis in Japan. This study demonstrates the efficacy and safety of satralizumab in preventing the relapse of optic neuritis.
Estimation of function's supports under arithmetic constraints
Authors: Hegyvári N. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The well-known inequality

$$\lvert {\rm supp}(f) \rvert \lvert {\rm supp}( \widehat f) \rvert \geq |G|$$

|
supp

(
f
)

|

|
supp

(

f
^

)

|

≥

|
G
|

gives a lower estimation for each support. In this paper we consider the case where there exists a slowly increasing function

$$F$$

F

such that

$$\lvert {\rm supp}(f) \rvert \leq F(\lvert {\rm supp}( \widehat f) \rvert )$$

|
supp

(
f
)

|

≤
F
(

|
supp

(

f
^

)

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)

. We will show that this can be done under some arithmetic constraint.
The two links that help us come from additive combinatorics and theoretical computer science. The first is the additive energy which plays a central role in additive combinatorics. The second is the influence of Boolean functions. Our main tool is the spectral analysis of Boolean functions. We prove an uncertainty inequality in which the influence of a function and its Fourier spectrum play a role.
The Role of Parental Involvement in the Development of Prosocial Behavior in Young Children: An Evolutionary Model Among Colombian Families
Authors: Prada-Mateus M. , Obando D. , Sandoval-Reyes J. , Mejía-Lozano M. A. , Hill J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractProsocial behavior is a relevant indicator of children’s socio-emotional development linked to decreased conduct and emotional problems. The present study aimed to identify cross-sectional direct effects of parental involvement on prosocial behavior in three-time assessments at ages 3, 5, and 7 years, to identify carryover effects of the study constructs, and to identify the evolution of these effects over time. A sample of 235 Colombian families participated at t0, 220 at t1, and 145 at t2 by completing self-reported questionnaires for prosocial behavior using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire for parental involvement. Using PLS-SEM path modeling, we found that the contribution of parental involvement to prosocial behavior was significant in the three assessments. Carryover analyses indicated that initial levels of parental involvement and initial levels of prosocial behavior predict later levels. Using multigroup analysis, we tested significant changes in the path coefficients of direct effects, finding nonsignificant results. For carryover effects, we found changes in parental involvement between t0/t1 and t1/t2. Finally, t-test analyses were used to identify changes in the construct’s means over time, finding significant changes between parental involvement at t1 and t2. No mean differences were found for prosocial behavior. Results from this study highlight the relevance of parental involvement during childhood for maintaining children’s levels of prosocial behavior and reducing the risk of socio-emotional problems. Preventive approaches for these problems should include parents’ training on parental involvement from age 3.5 years or earlier.
Exploring the Relationship Needs of Service Users During Crisis Interventions: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Steimle Larissa , von Peter Sebastian , Frank Fabian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPeople in crisis sometimes seek professional support, and the relationship between service users and professionals is crucial in overcoming the crisis. To understand the relationship needs of people in crisis, 29 semi-structured interviews with service users were conducted and analyzed using a grounded-theory approach. The findings reveal that people in crisis seek a professional who is there for them, recognizes the crisis as an emergency and a solvable situation, treats them with respect, and offers individual support. Furthermore, there needs to be a general fit between professionals, the support services, and service users for a supportive relationship to be established. However, two main aspects were discovered where service users differ depending on the resources they can access during the crisis: While people with access to many resources seek a rather distant and egalitarian relationship, those with access to fewer resources prefer more intimate and hierarchical relationships with professionals.
Quality of technology integration matters: Positive associations with students’ behavioral engagement and digital competencies for learning
Authors: Consoli Tessa , Schmitz Maria-Luisa , Antonietti Chiara , Gonon Philipp , Cattaneo Alberto , Petko Dominik 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDespite extensive research on technology's potential to enhance teaching, large-scale studies often report mixed or negative impacts of technology use at school on student learning achievements. This ambiguity is often attributed to previous large-scale studies focusing more on the frequency rather than the quality of technology integration in the classroom. To further investigate this issue, our study developed the Technology Integration Quality Scale (TIQS) to measure students' perceptions of technology integration across different dimensions of teaching quality: support for learning, classroom management, individualized teaching, and cognitive activation. Using a sample of 2,281 students from 29 upper secondary schools in Switzerland, we validated the TIQS through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. We also employed cluster-robust structural equation modelling to examine how both the frequency and perceived quality of technology integration predict students’ self-assessed digital competencies and behavioral engagement for learning. The results show that quality explains considerably more variance than the frequency of technology integration in promoting both students' behavioral engagement and digital competencies for learning. However, for digital competencies, quantity also explains a substantial amount of variance. By simultaneously considering multiple dimensions of teaching quality, the frequency of technology use and two output variables, this study contributes to the existing research by offering a more nuanced perspective on the impact of technology integration. Furthermore, interaction effects between the independent variables highlight the need to further explore the relationships between different dimensions of teaching quality, which could also contribute to the development of the theory of generic teaching quality.
Harnessing Asynchronous Digital Simulations of Problem-based Lessons to Support Mathematics Teachers’ Professional Development: A Design-based Approach
Authors: Schwarts Gil , Herbst Patricio , Brown Amanda M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe complexity of mathematics teaching is especially evident in lessons where teachers build on students’ genuine ideas, such as problem-based lessons. To enhance teachers’ capacity for rich discussions in problem-based instruction, we have developed a unique approximation of practice: digital asynchronous simulations where teachers make subject-specific decisions for a virtual teacher avatar. The simulations are based on materials and principles from a practice-based professional development (PD) program, implemented with small groups of teachers. The self-paced simulation model offers flexibility and scalability, allowing more teachers to participate on their own schedules, but it lacks key affordances of collaborative PD. To examine how to leverage the affordances of collaborative, practice-based PD, this paper uses a design-based research approach to explicate the mechanisms in which digital simulations can support mathematics teachers’ learning about problem-based lessons. We focus on two cycles of design, implementation, analysis, and revisions of the simulation model, drawing on data from focus groups with mathematics teacher educators, prospective teachers’ performance, and teachers’ reflective assignments. The analysis illustrates how two design principles – Authenticity to the teacher’s work, and Nuanced feedback – were transformed to better reflect aspects of practice-based teacher learning. We argue that self-paced, asynchronous simulations with indirect feedback can effectively emulate aspects of collaborative, practice-based PD in supporting teachers’ growth. The paper also contributes to the literature on mathematics teachers’ noticing and decision-making, examining how the two interact in simulated environments. We suggest implications for designing practice-based asynchronous digital simulations, drawing on emerging technologies.
Influence of alkali metal formates and calcium formate on workability, hydration and basic properties of reactive powder concrete
Authors: Šuleková Nikola , Šoukal František , Novotný Radoslav , Sedlačík Martin , Švec Jiří , Másilko Jiří , Ptáček Petr , Bocian Luboš , Hajzler Jan , Marko Michal 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis work aims to study whether it would be possible to use alkali metal formates and calcium formate in order to increase the workability of reactive powder concrete (RPC) and how these additives affect hydration, mechanical properties and mineralogical composition of RPC. These substances were added together with superplasticizer. Therefore, paper deals with possibility of increase in workability which would be higher when compared to the sole addition of only the superplasticizer themself. The effect of alkali metal formates and their replacement with calcium formate on slump flow, mechanical properties and pH of RPC was studied. Furthermore, the influence of potassium formate and its replacement with calcium formate and with calcium oxide on the hydration of RPC was observed with the help of isothermal calorimetry and thermal analysis. The results showed that the addition of studied compounds allows to achieve an increase in RPC slump flow. However, it is necessary to add these substances in an optimal ratio of alkali metal formate/calcium formate because a higher content of calcium formate leads to a decrease in slump flow. For ideal ratios, the compressive strength after 90 days is still above 218 MPa and the flexural strength is still above 23 MPa. In calorimetric measurements, it was observed that the addition of potassium formate leads to a decrease in the total amount of heat developed in the induction period. According to thermal analysis, additions of the studied additives to RPC caused changes in the content of portlandite and calcite.
Is Unsupervised Clustering Somehow Truer?
Authors: Søgaard Anders 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Scientists increasingly approach the world through machine learning techniques, but philosophers of science often question their epistemic status. Some philosophers have argued that the use of unsupervised clustering algorithms is more justified than the use of supervised classification, because supervised classification is more biased, and because (parametric) simplicity plays a different and more interesting role in unsupervised clustering. I call these arguments the No-Bias Argument and the Simplicity-Truth Argument. I show how both arguments are fallacious and how, on the contrary, the use of supervised classification is at least as justified as the use of unsupervised clustering.
Destabilizing effect of Coulomb friction induced limit cycles on sampled-data linear systems
Authors: Budai Csaba 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a counterintuitive effect of Coulomb friction on the dynamics of sampled-data linear systems. Due to dry friction, the motion becomes sensitive to the initial conditions, and the different possible motion trajectories are separated by limit cycles. This paper shows that the linearly stable behavior of the frictionless case degrades due to the presence of dry friction and how the stable domain of operation decreases. The results are illustrated through the example of a single-degree-of-freedom system model. The presented analysis of the nonlinear system gives insight into the intricate dynamics of sampled-data systems due to the effect of dry friction, and numerical simulations verify the results.
Unpossessed evidence revisited: our options are limited
Authors: Goldberg Sanford C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSeveral influential thought experiments from Harman 1973 purport to show that unpossessed evidence can undermine knowledge. Recently, some epistemologists have appealed to these thought experiments in defense of a logically stronger thesis: unpossessed evidence can defeat justification. But these appeals fail to appreciate that Harman himself thought of his examples as Gettier cases, and so would have rejected this strengthening of his thesis. On the contrary, he would have held that while unpossessed evidence can undermine knowledge, it leaves justification intact. In this paper I seek to undermine the viability of Harman’s position. If this is correct, contemporary epistemology faces a choice: either we reject that unpossessed evidence in Harman-style cases bears on knowledge at all, or else we must allow that it undermines knowledge by defeating justification. The former option must explain why Harman’s thought experiments elicit strong ‘no knowledge’ intuitions; the latter option embraces a minority view about the bearing of social expectations on the assessment of knowledge and justification (= the doctrine of normative defeat).