bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ASME VIII-3, Nonmandatory Appendix G Total Effective Axial Clamping Preload Derivation
Authors: Ritter Erick R. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper rederives the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII - Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels, Division 3 - Alternative Rules for Construction of High Pressure Vessels (ASME VIII-3), Nonmandatory Appendix G - Design Rules for Clamp Connections, Wc parameter, which is the total effective axial clamping preload on one clamp lip and hub shoulder for gasket seating or assembly. The derivation herein shows that the current definition of Wc is potentially half of what it should be. This paper is substantiated with both hand calculations and finite element analysis (FEA) and will attempt to provide background in the ongoing discussion of whether or not the current code has an error.
Other parameters in the ASME VIII-3, Nonmandatory Appendix G such as HG (difference between total effective axial clamping preload and the sum of total hydrostatic end force and total joint-contact surface compression), H (total end force required for operating or assembly conditions), and others may have similar issues that will need correction if the conclusions of this paper are accepted. Additionally, ASME Section VIII, Division 1 and Division 2 (ASME VIII-1 and ASME VIII-2) have similar definitions that may need correction.
Design of Jacketed Pressure Vessels Introduction to an Innovative Methodology Based on Formulae
Authors: Rohart Philippe 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
When pressure vessels are intended to transfer heat, and require temperature control, jacketed vessels can constitute an interesting technical solution. Quite common in the field of pharmaceutical industry and chemical engineering, it is composed of a main capacity (where an exothermic or endothermic chemical reaction can take place), with an external cavity, where a cooling or heating fluid is circulating.
Such equipments can theoretically be designed by analysis (DBA). However, it also cumulates difficulties: temperature variations and gradients (due to heat transfers), buckling (due to external pressure), and also fatigue (due to load cycles). Therefore, preparing a calculation note in order to justify the mechanical strength of such an equipment remains a challenge.
The French pressure vessels code, CODAP, led a set of studies, in order to provide innovative and simplified rules, based on formulae (DBF). Several types of jackets were considered, differing by their geometries. This paper describes the rules recently published in the chapter C12.2, dealing with U-shaped jacketed vessels. It provides its technical bases, its scope (in terms of geometry, material parameters, loads considered, failure modes covered, ...), and the design criteria. It finally details the developments and evolution to come in the next versions of CODAP.
Life Prediction With Material Hardening Models for High Temperature Cyclic Loadings
Authors: McGuire Ryan , Rajasekaran Ramesh , Ching Hsu-Kuang , Bankston David 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study addresses the challenges associated with predicting deformation and cyclic behavior in reactor components operating at elevated temperatures. It explores a potential solution by combining two conventional models to achieve more accurate results. While creep models and isochronous stress-strain curves aid in long-term deformation prediction, cyclic behavior often relies on simplified models such as isotropic and kinematic hardening. This work aims to augment the accuracy and efficiency of inelastic analysis by fine-tuning parameters within a combined isotropic and kinematic hardening model tailored to specific materials. A rigorous validation process was undertaken to ensure reliability, involving comparisons with advanced viscoelastic models. The outcome is a reliable and efficient inelastic model that can be employed to analyze components within TerraPower high-temperature nuclear reactors. The methodology calibrates predetermined percent contributions from a database of material properties derived from strain-controlled tests. An iterative process optimizes isotropic and kinematic hardening values, ensuring convergence that resulted in a precise material model. The proposed approach, leveraging a combination of kinematic and isotropic hardening methods, presents a robust model for engineers to analyze components in high-temperature reactors. This contribution enhances reliability and efficiency in structural design and maintenance, addressing the limitations of traditional models.
A Review: The Effect of Laminate Parameters on the Performance of Fibre-Reinforced Composite Pressure Vessel
Authors: Wu Haoyu , Chen Zhiwei , Ji Fang , Jia Xiaoliang , Wang Jinhui 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Sustainable development has become the main theme of the world’s economic development nowadays. Hydrogen energy, as a new type of clean energy, has received extensive attention and focused research from countries in recent years, and the search for safe, efficient, economical and more energy-saving hydrogen storage technologies is the main direction of hydrogen energy utilization development. With the increasing requirements for the light weighting of hydrogen storage pressure vessels and the growing maturity of composite material design and processing technologies, various pressure vessels have evolved from metal tanks to fiber-reinforced pressure vessels (FRPVs) over the past decade or so, mainly to reduce weight and increase pressure ratings. Fiber-wound pressure vessels are an important direction for the future development of high-pressure vessels, and during the preparation of fiber-reinforced pressure vessels, the parameters of the winding and molding process play a crucial role in the performance of the products. In this paper, the effects of design and process parameters such as resin mass fraction, fiber volume fraction, winding tension, winding path, winding pattern, etc. on the forming process of FRPV winding layer and the performance and quality of the finished products are reviewed, and different optimization techniques for each parameter are summarized, and the problems and development trends are proposed to provide a reference for the research on the forming process of fiber-wound pressure vessels.
Development of a Monitoring System for Interrogating the Internal Condition of SNF Canisters
Authors: Belhassani Lamia , Hager Brandon , Maranets Theodore , Lee John , Wang Yan , Yoon Ji Hwan , Zhu Xiaoshan , Greiner Miles , Hadj-Nacer Mustafa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The overall goal of this work is to develop a monitoring platform that can be integrated into a wide variety of spent nuclear fuel dry storage canisters to measure their internal conditions and transmit the data wirelessly to an outside receiver. Experimental and computational methods are employed to (a) develop an energy harvesting system as a reliable power source by using thermoelectric generators, (b) establish a near-field magnetic induction communication system to wirelessly transmit the measured data from the platform to an external receiver, and (c) optimize and develop a variety of novel and existing gas composition (oxygen, hydrogen, and xenon) sensing technologies to acquire precise and accurate measurements. Furthermore, the optimal placement of the platform within the canister is investigated through computational fluid dynamics simulations of the NUHOMS 61BT canister. This paper summarizes the progress of this research.
Qualification of an Impulsively-Loaded Confinement Vessel for Proton Radiography of Small-Scale Shock Physics Experiments
Authors: Spernjak Dusan , Gibson Joshem , Fister Matthew , Cardon Devin , Fehlmann Kevin , Lakey Matthew , Reichert Heidi , Venhaus Thomas 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
An impulsively-loaded high-pressure confinement vessel is designed and fabricated to confine the detonation of high explosives (HE) of up to 30 g TNT equivalent (TNTeq). The confinement vessel will enable proton radiography and photon Doppler velocimetry (PDV) of small-scale shock physics experiments at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). These unique physics experiments provide valuable experimental data to characterize materials under extreme loading conditions.
The confinement vessel is designed to the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 3 (2015) and Code Case 2564-4. The confinement boundary meets the intent of the Code while allowing for maximum resolution of proton radiography across a sufficiently large field of view. We present the overview of all analyses and tests necessary to qualify this pressure vessel. The engineering analyses required by the Code are as follows:
• Hydro-dynamic analysis of blast loading
• Structural dynamic analysis for impulsive load
• Fracture/Fatigue analysis
• Calculation of post detonation quasi-static pressure
• Structural analysis for static load (i.e. quasi-static pressure).
Following manufacture, each vessel body will be hydrostatically tested to 125% of the nominal quasi-static pressure, and test records will be included with the delivered lot of vessel bodies. Finally, a single HE overpressure test (OPT) will be conducted at 125% of the design basis impulse load, per 3.2 of ASME Code Case 2564-4, ‘Experimental Design Verification’ for the design of diagnostic covers and instrument penetrations from materials not permitted by Part KM.
The design of the confinement vessel is modular, as it allows exchanging the radiographic windows (and other components in the field of view of the proton beam) to achieve optimal imaging resolution for a given class of physics experiments. Two sets of radiographic windows are designed and fabricated, one set for 30g TNTeq and the other for a very small HE load of 3g TNTeq (but with a reduced distance between the windows and the HE charge when compared to the 30g configuration). One HE OPT will be conducted for each of the two configurations.
Accuracy and Repeatability of Lubricants Across Fastener Diameter, Material, and Temperature
Authors: Bounds Brandon , Meigs Barrett , Liu Yuqing , Jaouhari Matt 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
One of the main contributing factors to flange leakage is the nut factor for torquing operations which relies on many variables such as coefficient of friction, material of bolt, coating, pitch of bolt threads, the lubricant type used, and the lubrication process. While the relationship between torque and bolt load is straightforward, it is complicated by the experimentally derived nut factor, K. Even though there is some published data on nut factors for various lubricants, ASME PCC-1, suggests users perform nut factor trials based on the applicable lubrication, bolt material, bolt diameter, coating, and temperature used in each application. By understanding the nut factor more accurately for each application, a higher level of confidence is achieved that the applied torque on a bolted joint will better reflect the desired residual bolt load.
The intent of this study was to experimentally determine the nut factor of different applications by applying a bolt stress to fasteners installed in a hydraulic load cell. With the torque and applied load known, the nut factor was calculated. Experimental tests were carried out on ASTM A193 Grade B7, uncoated, mechanically galvanized, and hot-dip galvanized studs, as well as ASTM A320 Grade B8 Class 2 studs across five different bolt diameters and three different lubricants. Additional testing was performed at lowered and elevated temperatures to account for nut factor differences due to temperature fluctuations.
Challenges of Application of ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Codes for Semiconductor Applications for Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography
Authors: Kapadia Rahul S. , Geubbels Roel , Hajy Akbary Farideh , Sonti Sreeram 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Semiconductor industries are among the fastest growing industries especially fueled by the growing demand from consumers for Microprocessors to power phones, tablets, automobiles and smart gadgets. One critical manufacturing process step to make these chips is Photolithography, which involves imprinting integrated circuit patterns on silicon substrates. Today’s most advanced semiconductor lithography process uses an Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) light source. EUV light is produced by a high-temperature plasma generated from high-purity tin. A pulsed multi-kW average power carbon dioxide (CO2) laser irradiates a tin droplet to produce EUV.
In the EUV equipment, production of these droplets require melting Tin and then pushing it in a vacuum chamber by a driving fluid at pressures ranging in hundreds of bar. Modules in the EUV system which operate at high fluid pressures are designed as per ASME Pressure Vessel and Piping Codes like ASME BPVC Section VIII and B31.3 and using those as a basis for compliance with the European Pressure Equipment Directive (PED). Designs for pressure bearing components — reservoirs and high pressure lines to carry liquid tin at high pressure provide one of the key challenges. This paper will cover some of these key challenges and the corresponding approaches used for their design.
Helium Leak Test Modeling of a Spent Nuclear Fuel Canister
Authors: Suffield Sarah R. , Carpenter-Graffy Dina E. , Wells Beric E. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is considering the development of one or more federal consolidated interim storage facilities (CISFs) to be used to store commercial spent nuclear fuel (SNF) at locations in the U.S. One of the first technical challenges of a CISF is performing an inspection of SNF canisters upon their receipt to confirm they can be placed into the CISF’s licensed storage configuration. The canister receipt inspection is critical to CISF site operations. The test is conceived as being a helium (He) leak check, intended to confirm that the confinement boundary of a SNF canister is intact. SNF canisters are filled with He when they are sealed, so detection of a He leak indicates that a through-wall flaw has occurred in the canister confinement boundary. Other measurements are planned to occur upon canister receipt in addition to the He leak check such as krypton-85 measurements, which would indicate confinement breaches of one or more fuel rods in addition to a breach of the SNF canister. However, the He leak check has been identified as one of such high importance and has such significant technical challenges that a full-scale demonstration is needed to confirm the He leak test’s viability and to assist in planning relative to its operational requirements.
A modeling methodology for simulating the He detection test was developed to help inform the test plan and the design of the test vessels. To develop the modeling methodology a detailed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) benchmark model was constructed to compare against leak rate test data from a transportation package for radioactive material. This report is focused on modeling efforts to simulate the benchmark leak test.
Effect of Hydrogen As an Impurity on the Fracture Toughness and Fatigue Performance of Steels for CO2 Pipelines for CCS
Authors: Jun Hyun Jo , Neeraj Thirumalai , Kuo Chih-Hsiang , Newbury Brian D. , Thodla Ramgopal 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is a key technology to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions to meet net-zero objectives of the society. The pipeline transport of large quantity CO2 is a key enabler to establish CCS value chain. In contrast to the transport of pure CO2, the impurities in the CO2 stream of CCS can potentially cause materials integrity challenges in terms of corrosion, fracture toughness and fatigue performance. For example, CO2 streams from pre-combustion capture of Blue Hydrogen (BH) production can contain hydrogen as an impurity, which can cause Hydrogen Embrittlement (HE) in CO2 pipelines. Therefore, it is important to understand the effect of impurity hydrogen on the integrity of CO2 pipeline. However, the impact of H2 impurity in the CO2 stream on fracture toughness and fatigue behavior is not well understood. This study will report the fracture toughness and fatigue performance of linepipe carbon steel in CO2 with H2 as an impurity and are compared with inert and pure H2 conditions. The results require an attention when designing and operating CO2 pipelines where H2 is introduced as an impurity like the pre-combustion capture of BH production.
Thermal Modeling of Hanford Cesium and Strontium Canisters During Simulated Loading
Authors: Carpenter-Graffy Dina E. , Suffield Sarah R. , Klymyshyn Nicholas A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was built to simulate planned testing of heater assemblies within a canister and overpack for the Hanford Lead Canister (HLC) project. The HLC is a canister storage system that will contain heaters to simulate the decay heat of nuclear material and provide the canister storage system with environmental conditions equivalent to the operating conditions on a dry storage pad. The HLC will be equipped with long-term data collection and monitoring systems to provide an early warning of corrosion, pitting, cracking, or other signs of canister degradation that might threaten the integrity of the containment boundary over the potentially long term of dry storage. An important part of the HLC development is to make pretest numerical predictions for the behavior of the heated canister during the simulated radiolytic decay heat testing, which simulates the dry storage system during loading operations.
The simulated radiolytic decay heat test is planned for mid-2024 in a configuration that includes the heater assembly, overpack, and canister, but with the lids removed to allow loading cesium and strontium capsules into the canister. One of the goals of the test is to evaluate the thermal behavior of the canister and overpack assembly in the ambient air of the test facility, which will provide data critical to validating the thermal models and understanding how the HLC will perform as a system once deployed. To best approximate real-world conditions, the CFD model includes the full air volume of the mock-up truck bay the heated canister test will be performed in, enabling detailed investigation of how the heated canister affects airflow around it. Rigorous pre-deployment testing of the complete HLC cask and canister system is intended to be completed before the HLC is deployed in the 2028 timeframe.
This study presents the pre-test temperature predictions of the simulated radiolytic decay heat test. A description of the heater assembly, canister, and overpack system is presented. The model was developed with the commercial CFD software STAR-CCM+. An uncertainty analysis was run with the CFD model to determine the uncertainty in the temperature predictions and provide a range over which the predicted temperatures are expected to vary. The uncertainty analysis was performed by coupling STAR-CCM+ with the software Dakota, which provides advanced parametric analyses, including quantification of margins and uncertainty with computational models. This work is expected to provide insight into spent nuclear fuel (SNF) canister behavior.
Advancing Heat Transfer Analysis of Coke Drum Skirts Using Deep Learning and Surrogate Models
Authors: Srinivasan Balaji , Venkataraman Srinivasan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This research delves into applying machine learning techniques to enhance the efficiency of heat transfer analysis for coke drum skirts, particularly in time-sensitive applications. Traditional models for heat transfer analysis, which are often tailored to specific components, have intricate setup processes and extensive computational requirements, and thereby, cause potential delays in offering quick feedback. To overcome these, we have developed a dedicated deep learning (DL) model, which is trained to predict stress distributions derived directly from inputs of heat transfer analysis. This innovation bypasses the computationally intensive calculations involved in heat transfer analysis. The study emphasizes the potential of DL as an efficient, viable, and precise alternative for thermal analysis in the specific domain of coke-drum skirt heat transfer. This exploration involves considering a variety of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) methodologies to construct a predictive model for heat transfer performance in coke drum skirts. The findings suggest that in scenarios marked by mixed geometric parameters, including variations in the y-ring crotch radius, hotbox length, and thicknesses, and when extrapolation is limited to areas closely aligned with the training dataset, DL models demonstrate competitive performance, in the context of transient heat transfer analysis for coke drums. This study evaluates and contrasts the effectiveness of advanced DL models, Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINN) and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), in improving heat transfer simulations. By providing valuable insights into computational heat transfer methods, our research paves the way for informed selection and effective deployment of surrogate models in heat transfer analysis for coke drum skirts and digital twin applications.
Material Manufactured Using Wire-Additive Welding in Boiler and Pressure Vessel Applications
Authors: Melfi Teresa , Schaeffer J. Ben 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The results from a large research project form the basis for a new approach to qualify deposition procedures for material made from weld metal. This paper will discuss the research project, summarize the results, and outline the methodology for qualifying both printing procedures and parts for boiler, pressure vessel and piping applications.
ASME supported this research project to validate the properties of material made entirely from weld metal. Approximately two tons of weld metal was deposited using various welding parameters as set out by the project’s design of experiments. Over 300 tensile specimens and over 500 Charpy V-notch specimens were taken from various orientations and tested to characterize the weld metal properties and isotropy. This data was analyzed to determine if the variables and interactions provided statistically significant prediction of the weld metal properties.
The manufacture of these near net shape materials frequently requires the welding procedure to vary depending on the shape and location of a specific feature being deposited. The bracketed qualification methodology published in ASME IX Article VI [1] is based on similar methodologies in military and seismic codes, and has been compared to the results from the research project. The basis for comparing the weld metal to existing wrought forms of metal is explained and validated.