bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Levels of Racial Diversity Can Be Achieved with Socioeconomic‐Based Affirmative Action? Evidence from a Simulation Model
Authors: Reardon Sean F. , Baker Rachel , Kasman Matt , Klasik Daniel , Townsend Joseph B. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis paper investigates to what extent socioeconomic status (SES)‐based affirmative action in college admissions can produce racial diversity. Using simulation models, we investigate the racial and socioeconomic distribution of students among colleges under the use of race‐ or SES‐based affirmative action policies, or targeted, race‐based recruitment policies. We find, first, that neither SES‐based affirmative action nor race‐targeted recruiting on their own produce levels of racial diversity achieved by race‐based affirmative action. However, the two policies in combination, although likely expensive, may yield racial diversity comparable to race‐based affirmative action. Second, the use of affirmative action policies by some colleges reduces the diversity of similar‐quality colleges without such policies. Third, the combination of SES‐based affirmative action and race recruiting results in fewer academically‐overmatched Black and Hispanic students than under race‐based affirmative action, but the schools that use both also see a reduction in the academic achievement of enrolled students.
A condensed approach to model the constitutive behavior of multiphase ferroelectric and multiferroic materials
Authors: Lange Stephan , Ricoeur Andreas 
Published: April 2018

AbstractFerroelectric as well as ferromagnetic materials are widely used in smart structures and devices as actuators, sensors etc. Most of the developed models, describing the nonlinear behavior, are implemented within the framework of the Finite Element Method. Most investigations, however, are restricted to simple boundary value problems under uniaxial or biaxial loading and their goal is the calculation of hysteresis loops or to determine e.g. electromechanical coupling coefficients. Regarding these circumstances, the so‐called condensed method (CM) is introduced to investigate the macroscopic polycrystalline ferroelectric material behavior at a macroscopic material point without any kind of discretization scheme. In the presented paper, the CM is extended towards multiphase ferroelectric material behavior. Moreover, first numerical results of a multiphase ferroelectric material at the morphotropic phase boundary are presented. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Photovoltaics literature survey (no. 142)
Authors: Hameiri Ziv 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn order to help readers stay up‐to‐date in the field, each issue of Progress in Photovoltaics will contain a list of recently published journal articles that are most relevant to its aims and scope. This list is drawn from an extremely wide range of journals, including IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Renewable Energy, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Journal of Applied Physics, and Applied Physics Letters. To assist readers, the list is separated into broad categories, but please note that these classifications are by no means strict. Also note that inclusion in the list is not an endorsement of a paper's quality. If you have any suggestions, please e‐mail Ziv Hameiri at ziv.hameiri@unsw.edu.au.
Cost‐effectiveness of the BRECONDA decision aid for women with breast cancer: Results from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Parkinson Bonny , Sherman Kerry A. , Brown Paul , Shaw Laura‐Kate E. , Boyages John , Cameron Linda D. , Elder Elisabeth , Lam Thomas 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo report on the cost‐effectiveness of BRECONDA (Breast RECONstruction Decision Aid), a web‐based decision aid to facilitate decisions regarding breast reconstruction surgery, with usual care for women with breast cancer.MethodsThe economic evaluation was conducted alongside a randomized controlled trial. Women diagnosed with breast cancer or ductal carcinoma in situ and eligible for breast reconstruction following mastectomy were randomized to access BRECONDA for 6 months + usual care (n = 106) or usual care (n = 116) and were assessed at baseline preintervention, and then 1‐month and 6‐months post‐randomization. Decisional conflict, satisfaction with information, decisional regret, and utilities were assessed by using maximum‐likelihood linear mixed effects models. Costs included the fixed costs of BRECONDA, health care provider time, and health care resource use. Nonparametric bootstrapping was used to estimate incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios.ResultsBRECONDA resulted in significantly less decisional conflict and greater satisfaction with information over time. Quality‐adjusted life years did not differ between participants who received the decision aid compared with usual care. The cost of BRECONDA was estimated to be small (AUD$10) relative to other health care interventions and resulted in decreased health care costs overall (AUD$764). Based on the point estimates, the decision aid was more effective and less costly (dominant) for all measures of effectiveness. It was estimated that the decision aid has an 87% probability of being cost‐effective at $60 000 per quality‐adjusted life year gained.ConclusionsThe BRECONDA web‐based intervention designed to facilitate decisions regarding breast reconstruction surgery is likely to be cost‐effective compared with usual care for women with breast cancer.
Enhanced Lifetime and Efficiency of Red Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes with Y‐Doped ZnO Sol–Gel Electron‐Transport Layers by Reducing Excess Electron Injection
Authors: Lee Yeonkyung , Jeong Byeong Guk , Roh Heebum , Roh Jeongkyun , Han Jongseok , Lee Doh C. , Bae Wan Ki , Kim Jae‐Yup , Lee Changhee 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCharge balance between electrons and holes, which are injected into the quantum dot (QD) emission layer (EML), is critical for realizing stable and efficient QD light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs). ZnO has been widely used as an electron‐transport layer (ETL) because of its superior performance compared to other metal oxides. However, nearly barrier‐free electron injection into the QD EML leads to spontaneous charge transfer and excess electron injection, resulting in reduced device performance. Here, to adjust electron–hole balance and thereby improve the lifetime and efficiency of QLEDs, we introduce an yttrium (Y)‐doped ZnO (YZO) ETL into QLEDs. The sol–gel processed YZO film, with a mobility that could be simply tuned by varying the Y concentration, provides enhanced charge‐transport balance by suppressing excess electron flow to the QD EML. Furthermore, YZO helps suppress QD charging and smooth the surface morphology. Applying the YZO ETL into the inverted‐structure QLED enables us to achieve color‐saturated red emission, an improved external quantum efficiency of up to 8.6%, and an eight times longer lifetime compared to the device with undoped ZnO. This result provides a simple method for enhancing the performance of QLEDs by easily controlling metal doping concentration in the sol–gel processed ZnO ETL.
Perfect matchings and Hamiltonian cycles in the preferential attachment model
Authors: Frieze Alan , Pérez‐Giménez Xavier , Prałat Paweł , Reiniger Benjamin 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we study the existence of perfect matchings and Hamiltonian cycles in the preferential attachment model. In this model, vertices are added to the graph one by one, and each time a new vertex is created it establishes a connection with m random vertices selected with probabilities proportional to their current degrees. (Constant m is the only parameter of the model.) We prove that if , then asymptotically almost surely there exists a perfect matching. Moreover, we show that there exists a Hamiltonian cycle asymptotically almost surely, provided that . One difficulty in the analysis comes from the fact that vertices establish connections only with vertices that are “older” (ie, are created earlier in the process). However, the main obstacle arises from the fact that edges in the preferential attachment model are not generated independently. In view of that, we also consider a simpler setting—sometimes called uniform attachment—in which vertices are added one by one and each vertex connects to m older vertices selected uniformly at random and independently of all other choices. We first investigate the existence of perfect matchings and Hamiltonian cycles in the uniform attachment model, and then extend the argument to the preferential attachment version.
Monochromatic paths in random tournaments
Authors: Bucić Matija , Letzter Shoham , Sudakov Benny 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe prove that, with high probability, any 2‐edge‐coloring of a random tournament on n vertices contains a monochromatic path of length . This resolves a conjecture of Ben‐Eliezer, Krivelevich, and Sudakov and implies a nearly tight upper bound on the oriented size Ramsey number of a directed path.
Kidney-Derived c-Kit+ Cells Possess Regenerative Potential
Authors: Gomes Samirah A. , Hare Joshua M. , Rangel Erika B. 
Published: April 2018

Summary
Kidney-derived c-Kit+ cells exhibit progenitor/stem cell properties in vitro (self-renewal capacity, clonogenicity, and multipotentiality). These cells can regenerate epithelial tubular cells following ischemia-reperfusion injury and accelerate foot processes effacement reversal in a model of acute proteinuria in rats. Several mechanisms are involved in kidney regeneration by kidney-derived c-Kit+ cells, including cell engraftment and differentiation into renal-like structures, such as tubules, vessels, and podocytes. Moreover, paracrine mechanisms could also account for kidney regeneration, either by stimulating proliferation of surviving cells or modulating autophagy and podocyte cytoskeleton rearrangement through mTOR-Raptor and -Rictor signaling, which ultimately lead to morphological and functional improvement. To gain insights into the functional properties of c-Kit+ cells during kidney development, homeostasis, and disease, studies on lineage tracing using transgenic mice will unveil their fate. The results obtained from these studies will set the basis for establishing further investigation on the therapeutic potential of c-Kit+ cells for treatment of kidney disease in preclinical and clinical studies.
Exploration of Conformations, Analysis of Protein and Biological Significance of Histidine Dimers
Authors: Uppula Purushotham 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe exhaustive conformational search of histidine dimers (HisD) carried out using density functional theory (DFT). A large number of non‐covalent interactions and hydrogen bonding interactions stabilized various forms of HisDs that resulted 143 unique conformers. The HisDs which have hydrogen bonding interactions are more stable than other HisDs with aromatic‐aromatic interactions. In addition, search of HisDs in proteins that deposited in the protein data bank shows a significant increase of HisDs appear from 4 Å to 6 Å centroid‐centroid distance. Further, the angle analysis between two π planes resulted that the number of dimers is more abundant at 31°‐ 60° angles which shows that HisD prefers tilted and parallel displaced orientations in the proteins. The above observations from protein data bank (PDB) analysis show good agreement with DFT calculations of the histidine dimers. In conclusion, the subtle balance between non‐covalent interactions determine the conformational preferences of histidine dimers.
Complexation of Eu(III) in a Completely Incinerable Ionic Liquid System: A Luminescence Spectroscopy Approach
Authors: Rout Alok , Kumar Satendra , Venkatesan Konda Athmaram , Maji Siuli. , Antony Malpan Pailo 
Published: April 2018

AbstractLuminescence study of europium(III) ion has been carried out in a completely incenerable (CHON based) ionic liquid system. The ionic liquid used in the study was trioctylmethylammonium nitrate ([N1888][NO3] while the extractant used was N,N‐dioctyl‐2‐hydroxyacetamide (DOHyA). The complexation of europium(III) in such type of ionic liquid system and its elaboration by luminescence study is highlighted for the first time in this paper. The luminescence behaviour of europium(III) was ascertained as a function of various parameters, such as aqueous phase acidity, extractant concentration, initial metal ion concentration, types of ionic liquid diluents etc. The luminescence intensity of Eu(III) was remarkably high in the ionic liquid medium at all aqueous phase acidity (0.1 M to 5 M HNO3) as compared to that of in aqueous phase. The luminescence lifetime of Eu(III) in this complex is in the range of 360 μs – 550 μs which is quite higher than that of aqueous phase (107 μs ‐ 130 μs), suggesting the luminescence enhancement is a result of reduction in non‐radiative decay channels in ionic liquid medium. The emission peak of Eu(III) in DOHyA was compared with that of DOMeA (N,N‐dioctyl‐2‐methoxyacetamide) in ionic liquid medium in order to highlight the presence of –OH group in DOHyA. The luminescence spectra of Eu(III) was also investigated by changing the type of aqueous phase acidity from nitrate ion to chloride ion and the results are detailed in the paper.
Supramolecular Assemblies of cis,cis,cis‐1,2,4,5‐Cyclohexanetetracarboxylic Acid with Various Aza‐Donors
Authors: Raut Manish D. , Giri Lopamudra , Pedireddi Venkateswara Rao 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA hydrated form of cis,cis,cis‐1,2,4,5‐cyclohexanetetracarboxylic acid and its molecular complexes with various aza‐donors, trans‐1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethene (a), trans‐1,2‐bis(2‐pyridyl)ethene (b), 2,2′‐bipyridine (c), trans‐1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethane (d), 1,10‐phenanthroline (e), 4,7‐phenanthroline (f) and phenazine (g) were prepared by slow‐evaporation of the corresponding solutions at ambient conditions. The structural analysis of the complexes reveals the elegant arrangement of the molecules in the crystal lattices in terms of the hydrogen bonds formed between the co‐crystallized ligands. Amongst, co‐crystals with 1,10‐phenanthroline yielded a host‐guest assembly, while the rest formed different types of sheet structures, either stacked or pillared.
Solid‐Phase Microwave‐Assisted Ligand‐Free Suzuki‐Miyaura Cross‐Coupling of 5‐Iodouridine
Authors: Patel Bhautikkumar , Zunk Dr Matthew , Grant Dr Gary , Rudrawar Santosh 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA soild‐supported 5‐iodouridine derivative underwent Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions with various aryl/heteroarylboronic acids under microwave‐assisted ligand‐free conditions yielding 5‐aryl/heteroaryl uridine derivatives. Reactions were performed using Pd(dppf)Cl2 ⋅ CH2Cl2 as catalyst and K3PO4 as base in a tert‐BuOH/toluene/water solvent system. In our synthetic strategy uridine nucleosides were anchored onto 2‐chlorotrityl chloride resin through an acetal linkage blocking the 2′ – and 3′ –OH of the ribose moiety thus allowing an enormous opportunity for modifications on the nucleobase or on the 5′‐position. The described method offers an acid labile acetal linker strategy thus allowing potential application in Fmoc‐Solid‐Phase Peptide Synthesis or late stage modification of uridyl peptide nucleoside antibiotic analogues synthesis.
Effect of Acidity of Ionic Liquids on Hydrogen Bonding Interaction between Ionic Liquids and Lignin Monomers
Authors: Singh Sandip K. , Singh Ajeet 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn this text, a fundamental analysis for the interaction of lignin derived aromatic monomers in the presence of ionic liquids (ILs) at room temperature has been carried out by using NMR in deuterated DMSO solvent. The study was performed to examine the effect of both Brønsted acidic and non‐acidic protons of ILs on lignin derived aromatic monomers. The aromatic monomers (i. e. vanillin and 4‐hydroxy, 3‐methoxyacetophenone) have assorted functionalities such as ‐CHO, ‐C(O)C, ‐OCH3 and OH. Additionally, this study was also accomplished with aromatic monomer (i. e. cumene) that does not contain any functionality, as above mentioned monomers. Alteration of the ILs (neutral and Brønsted acidic ILs) and aromatic monomers have shown a significant effect on interaction (inter and intra; weak and strong) of acidic proton under neutral and acidic medium. These were also confirmed by the reliable NMR techniques.
Single‐Step Hydrothermal Synthesis of N, S‐Dual‐Doped Graphene Networks as Metal‐Free Efficient Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Lv Yang , Wang Xianbao , Mei Tao , Li Jinhua , Wang Jianying 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDoping of heteroatoms and radicals is an important method to improve catalytic performances of graphene. However, typical heteroatom‐doped methods are mostly involved in gas phase deposition or high‐temperature annealing under specific gases, and need exceptional equipment and complicated technology. In this work, we explore a low temperature, thrifty, and ordinary one‐step hydrothermal approach to synthesize nitrogen‐sulfur dual doped reduced graphene oxide (N, S‐rGO) networks at low temperature, therein thiourea was used as both nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) sources and a reducing agent to make graphene oxide (GO) reduced synchronously with N and S in situ doping into skeleton frame of GO. The synthesized N, S‐rGO has large N and S proportions (2.1 at% and 3.54 at%, respectively), and high‐grade sulfur‐containing types (mainly ‐C‐S‐C‐) and high relative percentage pyridinic‐N (44.6%) and graphitic‐N (33.9%). Many open edges and defects are attached on the surface of the N, S‐rGO, and it is beneficial to improve the electrocatalytic activity of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Electrochemical tests show that the N, S‐rGO has the outstanding electrical conductivity and predominant electrocatalytic activity for ORR. Its stability and methanol tolerance are greatly enhanced compared with commercial Pt/C catalyst. The low‐temperature one‐step method offers the probability for the preparation of N, S‐rGO in electronic devices and applications in electrode materials of fuel cells.
Natural Acidic Ionic Liquid Immobilized on Magnetic Silica: Preparation and Catalytic Performance in Chemoselective Synthesis of Dicoumarols and Substituted Xanthene Derivatives
Authors: Azizi Najmedin , Abbasi Faezeh , Abdoli‐Senejani Masumeh 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA novel magnetically separable natural acidic ionic liquid immobilized on magnetic silica were fabricated by covalent bonding of thiamine (VB1) modified with (3‐glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GMSI) moiety on the silica modified Fe3O4. The catalytic properties have been evaluated in one‐pot multi‐component synthesis of biscoumarins and substituted xanthene derivatives through the Domino Knoevenagel‐Michael reaction of a wide range of substrates under solvent free conditions. A variety of readily accessible aldehydes with different substituted functional groups have been converted to biscoumarins with good to excellent isolated yields and short reaction times. The novel nanocatalyst was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDS) and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. The catalyst was reused up to five consecutive cycles with high activity and selectivity and separated easily from the reaction mixture by an external magnetic field.
New 3’‐Triazolyl‐5’‐aryl‐chalcogenothymidine: Synthesis and Anti‐oxidant and Antiproliferative Bladder Carcinoma (5637) Activity
Authors: Munchen Taiana S. , Sonego Mariana S. , de Souza Diego , Dornelles Luciano , Seixas Fabiana K. , Collares Tiago , Piccoli Bruna C. , da Silva Fernanda D'Ávila , da Rocha João Batista T. , Quoos Natália , Rodrigues Oscar E. D. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis article describes the synthesis and characterization of new 3’‐triazolyl‐5’‐aryl‐chalcogenothimidyne derivatives. Sulfur, selenium, and tellurium nucleosides were prepared from commercial zidovudine, using a linear synthetic strategy affording these compounds in good yields. The respective molecules were evaluated for cytotoxicity in bladder carcinoma 5637 cells and as an antioxidant agent, showing a linear dependence on the chalcogenium atom for both biological approaches. Tellurium was the most active element, followed by selenium and sulfur.
High Mass and Specific Activity for Ammonia Electro‐oxidation through Optimization of Dispersion Degree and Particle Size of Pt‐Ir Nanoparticles over N‐Doped Reductive Graphene Oxide
Authors: Zhou Yufei , Zhang Guoquan , Yu Mingchuan , Xu Jing , Qiao Sha , Cheng Xue , Yang Fenglin 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPlatinum and iridium co‐supported on N‐doped reductive graphene oxide (N‐rGO) electrocatalysts (Pt−Ir/N‐rGO) were synthesized and investigated for ammonia electro‐oxidation reaction (AOR) in alkaline media. Pt and Ir particles were deposited over the N‐rGO substrate through a potentiodynamic electrodeposition method. The deposition parameters, lower potential limit (EL) and scan rate, play a vital role on the dispersion degree and particle size of Pt−Ir bimetallic nanoparticles over N‐rGO. Additionally, the comparable current densities and a better poisoning inhibition are obtained compared to the commercial Pt (20 wt%)/C indicating that a synergistic effect among Pt, Ir and N‐rGO substrate is existing in favour on the electrocatalytic activity. The N‐rGO substrate with more active sites, higher excellent electrochemical activity and well dispersion for Pt and Ir particles anchoring is a suitable substrate for AOR and would be extended to other catalytic reactions.
Quinoline‐Based Imidazole Derivative as Heme Oxygenase‐1 Inhibitor: A Strategy for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Subashini Gopalan , Vidhya Kalieswaran , Arasakumar Thangaraj , Angayarkanni Jayaraman , Murugesh Easwaran , Saravanan Arjunan , Shanmughavel Piramanayagam , Mohan Palathurai Subramaniam 
Published: April 2018

AbstractHeme oxygenase (HO) is a cytoprotective enzyme that gets overexpressed under some pathological conditions, like cancer where it provides growth advantage and protection against radiotherapy, chemotheraphy and photodynamic therapy. Earlier studies on HO inhibition were carried out with metalloporphyrins, which not only inhibit HO‐1 but also other constitutively expressed HOs and other heme‐dependent enzymes. Hence, the present study was aimed at synthesizing highly‐substituted imidazole heterocycles as inhibitors of heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1). The synthesized compounds were structurally characterized by IR, 1H, 13C NMR, CHN and single crystal XRD analysis. Among the synthesized compounds, compound 6(3‐(4,5‐diphenyl‐1H‐imidazol‐2‐yl)‐6‐methoxy‐1H‐quinoline‐2‐one) showed > 50% HO‐1 inhibitory activity at a least concentration of 9.2 μM and like many pharmaceutically important drugs, it showed competitive inhibition which was confirmed by Lineweaver‐Burk plot. Compound 6 was also tested for cytotoxicity against cancer (A549, MG63, MCF7) and normal cell (HEK293). The compound showed maximum efficacy against A549 cell line and moderate activity against other cell lines. In order to determine the molecular interactions of compound 6 with HO, the molecular docking study was carried out using Schrodinger software, which was in good agreement with experimental observations.