bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different mechanisms involved in the berberine‐induced antiproliferation effects in triple‐negative breast cancer cell lines
Authors: Lin Yen‐Shu , Chiu Yi‐Chou , Tsai Yi‐Hsiu , Tsai Yi‐Fang , Wang Jir‐You , Tseng Ling‐Ming , Chiu Jen‐Hwey 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackground/AimBerberine (BBR) is known to be effective at inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis in various cancer cells. However, the effects of BBR on triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the cell inhibition effects of BBR on different subtypes of TNBC cells.MethodsUsing human TNBC cell lines of different subtypes, namely, MDA‐MB‐231, MDA‐MB‐468, MDA‐MB‐453, and BT‐549 as in vitro models, antiproliferative effects of BBR were investigated by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, trypan blue exclusion assay, and clonogenic assay. Furthermore, cell apoptosis and autophagy were analyzed by flow cytometry, immunofluorescent staining, and LC3 I/II‐targeted Western blotting. Various cell growth‐related signaling pathways (AKT/ERK/p38) and the expression of proteins present in various cell cycle kinase complexes were analyzed by Western blotting.ResultsBBR concentration‐dependently suppressed cell proliferation in MDA‐MB‐468 (0, 3, 6, and 12 μM) and MDA‐MB‐231 (0, 6.25, 12.5, and 25 μM). The inhibitory effect was not brought about by inducing cell apoptosis, necrosis, or autophagy. Cell cycle analysis disclosed an increased S+G2/M fraction among the BBR‐treated MDA‐MB‐231 and MDA‐MB‐453 cells; while with the BBR‐treated MDA‐MB‐468 and BT‐549 lines, an increased G0/G1 fraction was found. In MDA‐MB‐231 and MDA‐MB‐453 cells, by Western blotting, BBR decreased the expression of Cyclin A and CDK1, On the other hand, in BBR‐treated MDA‐MB‐468 and BT‐549 cells, there was a decrease in Cyclin D and CDK4 expression.ConclusionOur results demonstrate that the antiproliferation effects of BBR occur via different mechanisms in different subtypes of TNBC cells, which suggests that BBR has potential as a personalized treatment for TNBC patients.
Expression of long noncoding RNAs in breast cancer in relation to reproductive factors and tumor characteristics
Authors: Ghafouri‐Fard Soudeh , Taheri Mohammad , Omrani Mir Davood , Kholghi Oskooei Vahid 
Published: April 2019

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) regulate expressions of several cancer‐related genes and pathways. Expression profiling of lncRNAs would pave the way for identification of dysregulated pathways in cancer. We assessed expression of FAS‐anti sense 1 (FAS‐AS1), Taurine Upregulated 1 (TUG1), OPA‐interacting protein 5‐AS1 (OIP5 ‐AS1), nuclear‐enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1), and highly upregulated in liver cancer (HULC) in breast tumor tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues (ANCTs). TUG1 was downregulated in tumoral tissues. We found associations between TUG1 expression and mitotic rate, NEAT1 expression and breast feeding duration as well as FAS‐AS1 and OPI5 expressions and menarche age. A combination of transcript levels of all genes had 88.5% sensitivity and 42.3% specificity in breast cancer diagnosis. The current study provides evidence for the contribution of lncRNAs in breast cancer in relation to reproductive factors and tumor characteristics.
Design of peptide ligands for affinity purification of human growth hormone
Authors: Chandra Divya , Timmick Steven , Goodwine Chaz , Vecchiarello Nicholas , Shastry Divya G , Mullerpatan Akshat , Trasatti John P , Cramer Steven , Karande Pankaj 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn this study, we have demonstrated the design, screening and selection of peptide ligands for the affinity capture of human growth hormone (hGH) from yeast cell cultures.ResultsLigand design was carried out using multiple approaches based on primary sequence and structures of natural binding partners of hGH. Screening of potential affinity peptides was conducted using high throughput microarray platforms followed by assessment of in‐solution binding to hGH using fluorescence polarization. Peptide leads were subsequently immobilized on chromatographic resins and the binding and desorption behavior was examined using batch adsorption studies. A lead candidate was examined in further details in column chromatography studies which indicated that while high purity was attained, further refinement was necessary for improved product recovery. Histidine scanning was employed to successfully improve the recovery of hGH from cell culture fluid while still maintaining high purity. Finally, proof‐of‐concept was demonstrated in the column format using complex feed stock where a product purity of 95% was attained at 80% yield.ConclusionThe approaches presented here can be translated to other biologics of interest for the rapid development of affinity based purification processes. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Implementation of a comprehensive safer conception intervention for HIV‐serodiscordant couples in Kenya: uptake, use and effectiveness
Authors: Heffron Renee , Ngure Kenneth , Velloza Jennifer , Kiptinness Catherine , Quame‐Amalgo Justice , Oluch Lynda , Thuo Nicholas , Njoroge John , Momanyi Richard , Gakuo Stephen , Mbugua Sarah , Morrison Susan , Haugen Harald , Chohan Bhavna , Celum Connie , Baeten Jared M , Mugo Nelly 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIntroductionSafer conception strategies minimize HIV risk during condomless sex to become pregnant. Gaps remain in understanding the acceptability, feasibility and choices HIV‐serodiscordant couples make when multiple safer conception options are available.MethodsWe conducted a pilot study of a comprehensive safer conception package for HIV‐serodiscordant couples with immediate fertility desires in Kenya from March 2016 to April 2018. The intervention package included antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV‐positive partners, oral pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV‐negative partners, daily fertility and sexual behaviour tracking via short message service (SMS) surveys, counselling on self‐insemination, and referrals for voluntary medical male circumcision and fertility care. Couples attended monthly visits until pregnancy with HIV testing for negative partners at each visit. We estimated the number of expected HIV seroconversions using a counterfactual cohort simulated from gender‐matched couples in the placebo arm of a previous PrEP clinical trial. We used bootstrap methods to compare expected and observed seroconversions.ResultsOf the 74 enrolled couples, 54% were HIV‐negative female/HIV‐positive male couples. The 6 and 12‐month cumulative pregnancy rates were 45.3% and 61.9% respectively. In the month preceding pregnancy, 80.9% of HIV‐positive partners were virally suppressed, 81.4% of HIV‐negative partners were highly adherent to PrEP, and SMS surveys indicated potential timing of condomless sex to peak fertility (median of sex acts = 10, interquartile range (IQR) 7 to 12; median condomless sex acts = 3.5, IQR 1 to 7). Most (95.7%) pregnancies were protected by ≥2 strategies: 57.4% were protected by high PrEP and ART adherence, male circumcision with or without timed condomless sex; 10 (21.3%) were protected by viral suppression in the HIV‐positive partner and male circumcision with or without timed condomless sex; 8 (17.0%) were protected by high PrEP adherence and male circumcision with or without timed condomless sex. We observed 0 HIV seroconversions (95% CI 0.0 to 6.0 per 100 person years), indicating a 100% reduction in HIV risk (p = 0.04).ConclusionsThe use of multiple safer conception strategies, primarily PrEP, ART, male circumcision and/or tracking fertility, was acceptable and feasible for African HIV‐serodiscordant couples and significantly reduced HIV transmission risk. It is important to increase the availability of and counselling about safer conception services in regions with HIV epidemics involving heterosexual transmission and high fertility.
The expanding family of noncanonical regulatory cell subsets
Authors: Zhao Hai , Feng Ridong , Peng Aijun , Li Gaowei , Zhou Liangxue 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The overwhelming body of research on regulatory lymphocytes has focused on CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ T cells (regulatory T cells); however, the last 5 years have witnessed inspiring progress in our understanding of regulatory B cells, regulatory CD8+ T cells, regulatory γδ cells, and, more recently, regulatory innate lymphoid cells(ILCregs). This review focuses on these so-called noncanonical regulatory cell subsets. We primarily survey existing information on the phenotype, function, sustaining factors, and clinical value of the 4 best-characterized non-CD4 +Foxp3+ T regulatory cells. We then take a brief journey into the advances and challenges associated with next-generation sequencing technologies and the application of sequencing to the study of noncanonical regulatory cell subsets.
Classification of cocaine‐dependent participants with dynamic functional connectivity from functional magnetic resonance imaging data
Authors: Sakoglu Unal , Mete Mutlu , Esquivel John , Rubia Katya , Briggs Richard , Adinoff Bryon 
Published: April 2019

AbstractStatic functional connectivity (FC) analyses based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data have been extensively explored for studying various psychiatric conditions in the brain, including cocaine addiction. A recently emerging, more powerful technique, dynamic functional connectivity (DFC), studies how the FC dynamics change during the course of the fMRI experiments. The aim in this paper was to develop a computational approach, using a machine learning framework, to determine if DFC features were more successful than FC features in the classification of cocaine‐dependent patients and healthy controls. fMRI data were obtained from of 25 healthy and 58 cocaine‐dependent participants while performing a motor response inhibition task, stop signal task. Group independent component analysis was carried out on all participant data to compute spatially independent components (ICs). Eight ICs were selected manually as relevant brain networks, which were used to classify healthy versus cocaine‐dependent participants. FC and DFC measures of the chosen IC pairs were used as features for the classification algorithm. Support Vector Machines were used for both feature selection/reduction and participant classification. Based on DFC with only seven IC pairs, participants were successfully classified with 95% accuracy (and with 90% accuracy with three IC pairs), whereas static FC yielded only 81% accuracy. Visual, sensorimotor, default mode, and executive control networks, amygdala, and insula played the most significant role in the DFC‐based classification. These findings support the use of DFC‐based classification of fMRI data as a potential biomarker for the identification of cocaine dependence.
Dynamic color control in multiprimary tunable LED lighting systems
Authors: Murdoch Michael J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTemporally dynamic tunable light‐emitting diode (LED) lighting systems offer multiple spectral degrees of freedom and enable the creation of composite light spectra with a wide range of perceptual characteristics. Connecting existing metrics and ongoing research, this paper introduces relevant measures of quality of light, color, and temporal performance characteristics, including color rendition, circadian stimulation potential, and temporal smoothness and speed. Multiprimary system models describing both colorimetric and spectral characteristics are explained, along with colorimetric‐plus multiprimary intensity solutions that allow optimization of any of these quality of light characteristics in addition to ensuring a colorimetric match. Three commercial multiprimary LED systems are modeled to show examples of spectral solutions for different colorimetric‐plus optimization goals, and their range of performance are discussed. The diversity of results shows both the need for usable optimization tools and the need for clear communication standards about quality of light when light sources are capable of much more than typical fixed‐color lights.
A Network Approach to Understanding Quality of Life Impairments in Prolonged Grief Disorder
Authors: Maccallum Fiona , Bryant Richard A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractProlonged grief (PGD) is a potentially debilitating consequence of bereavement that is experienced by 7%–10% of bereaved individuals. In recent years, PGD has been the focus of increasing interest as it is associated with a range of significant negative physical and mental health outcomes. To date, however, there is little understanding of how impairment is associated with individual PGD symptom interactions. Network analysis is an innovative statistical approach that has been productively applied to examine how symptoms of psychopathology influence and reinforce each other. In this study, we examined the association between PGD symptoms and quality of life (QoL) impairments. Data from 215 bereaved individuals were used to construct networks comprising PGD symptoms and different facets of QoL. The results showed that PGD symptoms of meaninglessness and role confusion were linked with reduced psychological QoL, trust difficulties were linked with reduced social QoL, and bitterness was linked with reduced environmental QoL. These results are consistent with models that highlight the importance of self‐identity and loss of meaning in PGD. By elucidating pathways of dysfunction, these findings offer clinical implications that may help to improve outcomes for persons with PGD.
Transient kinetic studies and microkinetic modeling of primary olefin formation from dimethyl ether over ZSM‐5 catalysts
Authors: Omojola Toyin , Lukyanov Dmitry B. , van Veen André C. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe formation of primary olefins from dimethyl ether (DME) was studied over ZSM‐5 catalysts at 300°C using a novel step response methodology in a temporal analysis of products (TAP) reactor. For the first time, the TAP reactor framework was used to conduct single‐ and multiple‐step response cycles of DME (balance argon) over a shallow bed with the continuous flow panel. Propylene is the major primary olefin and portrays an S‐shaped profile with a preceding induction period when it is not observed in the gas phase. Methanol and water portray overshoot profiles due to their different rates of generation and consumption. DME effluent shows a rapid rise halfway to its steady‐state value leading to a slow rise thereafter because of its high desorption rates followed by subsequent reactions involving DME in further steps during the induction period. To analyze the experimental data quantitatively, nine reaction schemes were compared, and kinetic parameters were obtained by solving a transient plug flow reactor model with coupled dispersion, convection, adsorption, desorption, and reaction steps. The methoxymethyl pathway involving dimethoxyethane and methyl propenyl ether gives the closest match to experimental data in agreement with recent density functional theory studies. Gaseous dispersion coefficients of ca. 10−9 m2 s−1 were obtained in the TAP reactor. The novel experimental data validated against the transient kinetic model suggests that after the formation of initial species, the bottleneck in propylene formation is the transformation of the initial C–C bond, that is dimethoxyethane formed initially from DME and methoxymethyl groups. DME adsorption on ZSM‐5 catalyst generates surface methoxy groups, which further react with the feed to give methoxymethyl groups. These methoxymethyl groups are regenerated through a series of reactions involving intermediates such as dimethoxymethane and methyl propenyl ether before propylene formation.
Predictors of swallow function after transoral surgery for locally advanced oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Gross Jennifer H. , Townsend Melanie , Hong Helena Y. , Miller Emily , Kallogjeri Dorina , Zenga Joseph , Pipkorn Patrik , Jackson Ryan S. , Haughey Bruce , Rich Jason T. 
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveTransoral surgery (TOS) for oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPC) is steadily becoming more routine. Expected posttreatment swallow function is a critical consideration for preoperative counseling. The objective of this study was to identify predictors of swallow dysfunction following TOS for advanced tumor (T)‐stage (T3‐T4) OPC.MethodsA retrospective review from 1997 to 2016 at a single institution was performed. Eighty‐two patients who underwent primary transoral resection of locally advanced OPCs with at least 1 year of postoperative follow‐up were included.The primary outcome measure was swallow function, as measured by the Functional Outcomes Swallowing Scale (FOSS) at 1 year postoperatively. Operative reports were reviewed, and the extent of resection and type of reconstruction were documented. Conjunctive consolidation was then performed to incorporate multiple variables and their impact on swallow function into a clinically meaningful classification system.ResultsFifty‐six patients (68%) had acceptable swallowing at 1 year. T4 tumor stage and receipt of adjuvant chemoradiation therapy (CRT) were strongly associated with poor swallowing but did not reach statistical significance. Only base of tongue (BOT) resection ≥50% (odds ratio [OR] 3.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21–8.43) and older age (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.00–1.12) were significantly associated. Utilizing T‐stage, adjuvant CRT, and BOT resection, a conjunctive consolidation was performed to develop a classification system for swallow dysfunction at 1 year.ConclusionThis study provides risk stratification for swallow function at 1 year following primary transoral resection of locally advanced OPCs. BOT resection ≥50%, especially when coupled with T4 tumor stage or adjuvant CRT, was associated with poor long‐term swallow outcomes.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 130:94–100, 2020
Ecophysiology of mesophotic reef‐building corals in Hawai‘i is influenced by symbiont–host associations, photoacclimatization, trophic plasticity, and adaptation
Authors: Padilla‐Gamiño Jacqueline L. , Roth Melissa S. , Rodrigues Lisa J. , Bradley Christina J. , Bidigare Robert R. , Gates Ruth D. , Smith Celia M. , Spalding Heather L. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMesophotic reef corals remain largely unexplored in terms of the genetic adaptations and physiological mechanisms to acquire, allocate, and use energy for survival and reproduction. In the Hawaiian Archipelago, the Leptoseris species complex form the most spatially extensive mesophotic coral ecosystem known and provide habitat for a unique community. To study how the ecophysiology of Leptoseris species relates to symbiont–host specialization and understand the mechanisms responsible for coral energy acquisition in extreme low light environments, we examined Symbiodinium (endosymbiotic dinoflagellate) photobiological characteristics and the lipids and isotopic signatures from Symbiodinium and coral hosts over a depth‐dependent light gradient (55–7 μmol photons m−2 s−1, 60–132 m). Clear performance differences demonstrate different photoadaptation and photoacclimatization across this genus. Our results also show that flexibility in photoacclimatization depends primarily on Symbiodinium type. Colonies harboring Symbiodinium sp. COI‐2 showed significant increases in photosynthetic pigment content with increasing depth, whereas colonies harboring Symbiodinium spp. COI‐1 and COI‐3 showed variability in pigment composition, yield measurements for photosystem II, as well as size and density of Symbiodinium cells. Despite remarkable differences in photosynthetic adaptive strategies, there were no significant differences among lipids of Leptoseris species with depth. Finally, isotopic signatures of both host and Symbiodinium changed with depth, indicating that coral colonies acquired energy from different sources depending on depth. This study highlights the complexity in physiological adaptations within this symbiosis and the different strategies used by closely related mesophotic species to diversify energy acquisition and to successfully establish and compete in extreme light‐limited environments.
Pedicled neurocutaneous anterolateral thigh flap for groin reconstruction – A case report
Authors: Gentileschi Stefano , Albanese Roberta , Servillo Maria , Pino Valentina , Stefanizzi Gianluigi , Garganese Giorgia , Scambia Giovanni , Salgarello Marzia 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSeveral different flaps based on the feeding vessels of sensitive nerves have been described in the limbs. This article reports the case of a neurocutaneous flap based on the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN), employed for reconstruction of an inguinal defect. A 61‐years‐old female patient had undergone vulvectomy and bilateral inguinal lymphadenectomy for vulvar cancer with postoperative left groin wound breakdown. After a 3 weeks negative pressure therapy course, she presented a 10 × 4 cm skin and subcutaneous defect with undermined edges in the left inguinal area. Reconstruction with 14 × 6 cm pedicled left anterolateral thigh flap was planned. After the dissection of the vascular pedicle and of the sensitive nerve, complete thrombosis of both the veins and arterial spasm of perforating pedicle was detected. As the flap color was good, and slow marginal bleeding was present, we inspected the small vessels surrounding the nerve that were pulsating. To confirm the vascularization coming from the neural pedicle, we clamped the perforator and performed intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence angiography that showed a good fluorescence of the flap with a proximal to distal pattern of progression. The flap was transferred on the neural pedicle, survived completely, and wounds healed normally. Three months after surgery, the patient underwent radiotherapy, with uneventful course. In her last follow‐up, 2 years after surgery, patient was free of disease and the flap showed normal scarring. This is the first case reported of a pedicled neurocutaneous flap based on the LFCN, indicating that in case of unsuitable perforators it could be an alternative pedicle.
An optimal perturbation bound
Authors: Liu Youming , Ren Chunguang 
Published: April 2019

Cai and Zhang establish separate perturbation bounds for
distances with spectral and Frobenius norms (Cai T, Zhang A. Rate‐optimal perturbation bounds for singular subspaces with applications to high‐dimensional statistics. The Annals of Statistics. 2018; Vol. 46, No. 1: 60−89). We extend their theorem to each unitarily invariant norm. It turns out that our estimation is optimal as well.