bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Navigation and the developing brain
Authors: Newcombe Nora S. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTAs babies rapidly acquire motor skills that give them increasingly independent and wide-ranging access to the environment over the first two years of human life, they decrease their reliance on habit systems for spatial localization, switching to their emerging inertial navigation system and to allocentric frameworks. Initial place learning is evident towards the end of the period. From 3 to 10 years, children calibrate their ability to encode various sources of spatial information (inertial information, geometric cues, beacons, proximal landmarks and distal landmarks) and begin to combine cues, both within and across systems. Geometric cues are important, but do not constitute an innate and encapsulated module. In addition, from 3 to 10 years, children build the capacity to think about frames of reference different from their current one (i.e. to perform perspective taking). By around 12 years, we see adult-level performance and adult patterns of individual differences on cognitive mapping tasks requiring the integration of vista views of space into environmental space. These lines of development are continuous rather than stage-like. Spatial development builds on important beginnings in the neural systems of newborns, but changes in experience-expectant ways with motor development, action in the world and success–failure feedback. Human systems for integrating and manipulating spatial information also benefit from symbolic capacities and technological inventions.
Merging information in the entorhinal cortex: what can we learn from robotics experiments and modeling?
Authors: Gaussier Philippe , Banquet Jean Paul , Cuperlier Nicolas , Quoy Mathias , Aubin Lise , Jacob Pierre-Yves , Sargolini Francesca , Save Etienne , Krichmar Jeffrey L. , Poucet Bruno 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT
Place recognition is a complex process involving idiothetic and allothetic information. In mammals, evidence suggests that visual information stemming from the temporal and parietal cortical areas (‘what’ and ‘where’ information) is merged at the level of the entorhinal cortex (EC) to build a compact code of a place. Local views extracted from specific feature points can provide information important for view cells (in primates) and place cells (in rodents) even when the environment changes dramatically. Robotics experiments using conjunctive cells merging ‘what’ and ‘where’ information related to different local views show their important role for obtaining place cells with strong generalization capabilities. This convergence of information may also explain the formation of grid cells in the medial EC if we suppose that: (1) path integration information is computed outside the EC, (2) this information is compressed at the level of the EC owing to projection (which follows a modulo principle) of cortical activities associated with discretized vector fields representing angles and/or path integration, and (3) conjunctive cells merge the projections of different modalities to build grid cell activities. Applying modulo projection to visual information allows an interesting compression of information and could explain more recent results on grid cells related to visual exploration. In conclusion, the EC could be dedicated to the build-up of a robust yet compact code of cortical activity whereas the hippocampus proper recognizes these complex codes and learns to predict the transition from one state to another.
The potential of virtual reality for spatial navigation research across the adult lifespan
Authors: Diersch Nadine , Wolbers Thomas 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTOlder adults often experience serious problems in spatial navigation, and alterations in underlying brain structures are among the first indicators for a progression to neurodegenerative diseases. Studies investigating the neural mechanisms of spatial navigation and its changes across the adult lifespan are increasingly using virtual reality (VR) paradigms. VR offers major benefits in terms of ecological validity, experimental control and options to track behavioral responses. However, navigation in the real world differs from navigation in VR in several aspects. In addition, the importance of body-based or visual cues for navigation varies between animal species. Incongruences between sensory and motor input in VR might consequently affect their performance to a different degree. After discussing the specifics of using VR in spatial navigation research across species, we outline several challenges when investigating age-related deficits in spatial navigation with the help of VR. In addition, we discuss ways to reduce their impact, together with the possibilities VR offers for improving navigational abilities in older adults.
The internal maps of insects
Authors: Webb Barbara 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTInsect navigation is strikingly geometric. Many species use path integration to maintain an accurate estimate of their distance and direction (a vector) to their nest and can store the vector information for multiple salient locations in the world, such as food sources, in a common coordinate system. Insects can also use remembered views of the terrain around salient locations or along travelled routes to guide return, which is a fundamentally geometric process. Recent modelling of these abilities shows convergence on a small set of algorithms and assumptions that appear sufficient to account for a wide range of behavioural data. Notably, this ‘base model’ does not include any significant topological knowledge: the insect does not need to recover the information (implicit in their vector memory) about the relationships between salient places; nor to maintain any connectedness or ordering information between view memories; nor to form any associations between views and vectors. However, there remains some experimental evidence not fully explained by this base model that may point towards the existence of a more complex or integrated mental map in insects.
Combined Exercise Training Positively Affects Muscle Wasting in Tumor-Bearing Mice
Authors: RANJBAR KIA , BALLARÒ RICCARDO , BOVER QUIM , PIN FABRIZIO , BELTRÀ MARC , PENNA FABIO , COSTELLI PAOLA 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Cancer cachexia is characterized by loss of muscle mass and function. Increased protein catabolism, inflammation, impaired anabolism, and mitochondrial function markedly contribute to the pathogenesis of this syndrome. Physical activity has been suggested as a useful tool to prevent or at least delay the onset and progression of cancer-induced muscle wasting. Two main types of exercise can be adopted, namely, resistance and endurance training. The present study is aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a combined (resistance + endurance) exercise protocol in preventing/reverting cancer-induced muscle wasting.

Methods
Mice bearing the C26 colon carcinoma have been used as a model of cancer cachexia. They have been exposed to combined exercise training during 6 wk (4 before tumor implantation, 2 during tumor growth). Climbing a 1-m ladder inclined at 85° has been used for resistance training, while aerobic (endurance) exercise has been carried out on the same day using a motorized wheel.

Results
In C26-bearing mice, both muscle mass and strength are improved by combined training, while just the latter increased in exercised healthy animals. Such a pattern is associated with modulations of two markers of autophagy, namely, LC3B-I/II ratio, increased in sedentary tumor hosts and reduced in exercised C26-bearing mice, and p62, steadily increased in both sedentary and trained tumor-bearing animals. Finally, combined training is not able to modify PGC-1α protein levels, but it improves succinate dehydrogenase activity, both reduced in the muscle of the C26 hosts.

Conclusion
The data reported in the present study show that combined training improves muscle mass and function in the C26 hosts, likely modulating autophagy and improving mitochondrial function; these observations suggest that combined exercise might become part of a multimodal approach to treat cancer cachexia.
Associations of periparturient β-hydroxybutyric acid and non-esterified fatty acids blood serum concentrations with milk yield, milk composition and milk somatic cells count of intensively managed Chios dairy ewes
Authors: Karagiannis I. , Brozos C. , Kiossis E. , Boscos C. , Fthenakis G. , Panousis N. 
Published: February 2019

This Research Paper addresses the hypothesis whether in dairy ewes: periparturient β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) concentrations are associated with milk yield, composition and udder halves with increased somatic cell counts (SCC ≥ 0.5 × 106 cells/mL). A total of 186 Chios ewes reared under intensive system were used for this research. Serum BHBA and NEFA concentrations were measured before lambing (-30d, -15d), and BHBA concentrations after lambing (+7d, +15d, +30d, +45d). Milk samples were collected at 15, 30 and 45days in milk (DIM). Total milk yield (MY) of the first 30, 60 and 90 DIM and total fortnightly milk yield (FMY) produced from 15 to 59 DIM were recorded. Positive associations between BHBA at +7d and MY of the first 30, 60 and 90 DIM were revealed (P < 0.001). For every increased unit of BHBA at +15d, +30d and +45d, FMY was decreased (DIM: 15 – 29 and 30 – 44) (P = 0.001 and P = 0.015, respectively) or increased (DIM: 45 – 59) (P < 0.001). BHBA before lambing (-30d, -15d) affected the number of halves presented SCC ≥ 0.5 × 106 cells/mL at 15 and 30 DIM (P = 0.011, P = 0.014, P = 0.009, P = 0.096, respectively). Finally, for every increased unit of BHBA during lactation (+15d, +30d, +45d) a decrease in the concentration of milk in proteins, solids not fat and lactose was noted (P < 0.001). This work demonstrates the associations of periparturient blood biochemical parameters (BHBA, NEFA) with milk yield and specific milk production characteristics.
MUC1 and E-cadherin immunohistochemistry of endometrium cannot predict the outcome of in vitro fertilization: A case-control study
Authors: Chakravarty Saumitra , Kamal Mohammed 
Published: February 2019

Background:Althoughin vitrofertilization (IVF) has played a major role in the management of infertility, its failure rate is still 60-80% and most of the causes failure are unknown. Therefore, a histomorphology-based predictive tool to forecast IVF outcome that utilizes expression data of certain cellular adhesion molecules in endometrium pertaining to successful implantation might provide the theoretical basis to develop a low-cost laboratory investigation suited for low to middle income countries as opposed to the expensive gene expression based tools like endometrial receptivity array. In this study, mucin 1 (MUC1) and E-cadherin immunohistochemistry of endometrium from aspiring IVF women were analyzed to see if there is any correlation between signal intensities and endometrial receptivity in terms of IVF outcome.Methods:This was a case-control study conducted among women of reproductive age with infertility who underwent IVF at the Centre for Assisted Reproduction (CARe), Dhaka between March and December 2017. Endometrial biopsy samples were collected and routine histological as well as immunohistochemical analysis was performed on those samples at the Department of Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka. A total of 21 patients, 17 cases (IVF failure) and four controls (IVF success), were included in the study by consecutive convenient sampling. Relevant history and medical records of each of the patients were also obtained accordingly.Results:No statistically significant correlation was found between IVF outcomes and the signal intensities in endometrium produced by MUC1 and E-cadherin immunohistochemistry.Conclusions:Despite the fact that this study did not find any statistically significant correlation between endometrial immunohistochemistry of MUC1 and E-cadherin and IVF outcome, further studies may incorporate gene expression arrays to supplement or revise those findings.
Dynamic Pricing of Omnichannel Inventories
Authors: Harsha Pavithra , Subramanian Shivaram , Uichanco Joline 
Published: February 2019

Omnichannel retail refers to a seamless integration of an e-commerce channel and a network of brick-and-mortar stores. An example is cross-channel fulfillment, which allows a store to fulfill online orders in any location. Another is price transparency, which allows customers to compare the online price with store prices. This paper studies a new and widespread problem resulting from omnichannel retail: price optimization in the presence of cross-channel interactions in demand and supply, where cross-channel fulfillment is exogenous. We propose two pricing policies that are based on the idea of “partitions” to the store inventory that approximate how this shared resource will be utilized. These policies are practical because they rely on solving computationally tractable mixed integer programs that can accept various business and pricing rules. In extensive simulation experiments, they achieve a small optimality gap relative to theoretical upper bounds on the optimal expected profit. The good observed performance of our pricing policies results from managing substitutive channel demands in accordance with partitions that rebalance inventory in the network. A proprietary implementation of the analytics is commercially available as part of the IBM Commerce markdown price solution. The system results in an estimated 13.7% increase in clearance-period revenue based on causal model analysis of the data from a pilot implementation for clearance pricing at a large U.S. retailer. The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2018.0737 .
Optimal Retail Location: Empirical Methodology and Application to Practice
Authors: Glaeser Chloe Kim , Fisher Marshall , Su Xuanming 
Published: February 2019

We empirically study the spatiotemporal location problem motivated by an online retailer that uses the Buy-Online-Pick-Up-In-Store fulfillment method. Customers pick up their orders from trucks parked at specific locations on specific days, and the retailer’s problem is to determine where and when these pickups occur. Customer demand is influenced by the convenience of pickup locations and days. We combine demographic and economic data, business location data, and the retailer’s historical sales and operations data to predict demand at potential locations. We introduce a novel procedure that combines machine learning and econometric techniques. First, we use a fixed effects regression to estimate spatial and temporal cannibalization effects. Then, we use a random forests algorithm to predict demand when a particular location operates in isolation. Based on the predicted demand and cannibalization effects, we solve the spatiotemporal integer program using a quadratic program relaxation to find the optimal pickup location configuration and schedule. We estimate a revenue increase of at least 51% from the improved location configuration and schedule. The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2018.0759 .
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MENUJU DESA WISATA DENGAN MEMANFAATAN HASIL ALAM BANJAREJO, TANJUNGSARI, GUNUNG KIDUL
Authors: Nuraini Febritiesna 
Published: February 2019

Salah satu permasalahan yang ada di masyarakat Wonosobo 1, 2 dan Melikan, Desa Banjarejo, Kecamatan Tanjungsari, Kabupaten Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta adalah ketiga dusun tersebut merupakan jalur pariwisata menuju pantai Gunung Kidul. Oleh karena itu, maka program KKN Reguler UAD difokuskan pada pengelolaan mokaf dan pemanfaatan barang bekas. Program ini bertujuan memberdayakan masyarakat ketiga dusun tersebut yang merupakan jalur pariwisata dalam progam pengelolaan mokaf dan pemanfaatan barang bekas guna meningkatkan perekonomian warga. Metode pelaksanaan program KKN meliputi: pendidikan masyarakat, dan praktek langsung. Dampak dari kegiatan KKN ini adalah: 1) tercipta kesadaran masyarakat mengenai potensi sumber daya alam serta pemanfaatan barang bekas yang ada dilingkungan masyarakat, 2) peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat dalam mengenali potensi sumber daya alam, 3) masyarakat terampil membuat karya kreatif dari barang bekas: bros dari kain perca, keranjang dari koran bekas dan tempat pensil dari kardus.
25 PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DUSUN TEKIK DALAM PROGRAM PENGOLAHAN SUMBER DAYA ALAM UNTUK KEWIRAUSAHAAN DAN PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI UNTUK PENJUALAN GUNA MEWUJUDKAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT DESA
Authors: Putra Ulinnuha Yudi , Saputri Adhelia 
Published: February 2019

Beberapa permasalahan yang ada di masyarakat Desa Tekik, Kelurahan Temuwuh Kecamatan Dlingo Kabupaten Bantul Provinsi Yogyakartaadalah : 1.kondisi geografis yang kurang subur2.sumberdaya alam yang dihasilkan adalah terbatas dan didominasi pepohonan saja. 3.kurangnya daya tarik masyarakat desa sekitar untuk memanfaatkan sumberdaya alam yang ada 4.pemahaman akan teknologi yang masih rendah. Maka program KKN UAD difokuskan pada pelatihan kewirausahaan dan teknologi.Program ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan masyarakat desa Tekik dalam program perencanaan desa wirausaha yang maju dan berkembang. Metode pelaksanaan program KKN meliputi :1.penyelenggraan talkshow kewirausahaan 2.pengadaan pelatihan langsung pembuatan produk usaha pangan yang memanfaatkan sumber daya alam yang ada 3.penyelenggaraan pelatihan pemanfaatan teknologi sebagai askes penjualan. Dampak dari kegiatan KKN ini adalah : 1) terbangunnya minat masyarakat untuk berwirausaha 2) peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan teknologi dan kaitannya dengan wirausaha 3) terciptanya masyarakat yang terampil dalam berwirausaha dan pemasaran produk4) tercipta masyarakat dusun yang
PERLOMBAAN FESTIVAL ANAK SHOLEH MASJID ALHIDAYAH SEBAGAI UPAYA UNTUK MENUMBUHKAN KREATIVITAS DAN MENINGKATKAN PARTISIPASI WARGA PERUMAHAN PERWITA REGENCY
Authors: Anggraeni Kurnia Dewy 
Published: February 2019

Permasalahan yang ditemukan terkait dengan partisipasi warga terutama remaja dan anakanak di Perum Perwita Regency, Salakan, Bangunharjo, Sewon adalah kurang adanya wadah untuk mengasah kreatifitas dan jiwa bersosialisasi khususnya untuk remaja dan anak-anak, oleh karena itu KKN UAD menyelenggarakan kegiatan yang bertujuan untuk mendidik dan melatih kreatifitas yang berfokus kepada perkembangan anak-anak di Perum Perwita Regency. Dampak dari kegiatan KKN di lokasi ini adalah: 1). Terwujudnya kesadaran dari orang tua atau warga akan pentingnya sarana atau wadah untuk memunculkan minat yang tinggi untuk berpartisipasi dari warga, remaja dan anakanak di sekitar lokasi KKN 2). Memberikan pengalaman baru bagi warga khususnya anak-anak untuk terus berusaha berlomba-lomba dalam kebaikan 3). Menumbuhakan rasa semangat untuk terus menyelenggarakan kegiatan-kegiatan yang dapat menarik perhatian dan minat bagi warga di Perum Perwita regency.
KAJIAN KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI BENCANA DAN IDENTIFIKASI ANCAMAN, KAPASITAS, SERTA KERENTANAN BENCANA GEMPA BUMI DI DESA POTORONO, KECAMATAN BANGUNTAPAN, KABUPATEN BANTUL, DIY
Authors: Utami Fitriana Putri , Wijaya Oktomi Putri 
Published: February 2019

Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta memiliki kerentanan terhadap ancaman bencana alam. Ancaman terbesar adalah gempa bumi dan letusan gunung berapi. Semua orang yang hidup dalam situasi darurat bencana berhak atas kesehatan termasuk kesehatan reproduksi. Pencegahan terjadinya risiko kerugian yang tinggi akibat bencana baik dalam sektor kesehatan maupun sektor lainnya dapat dilakukan dengan melakukan identifikasi risiko bencana. Identifikasi risiko bencana ini terdiri dari identifikasi ancaman bencana, kerentanan bencana, dan kapasitas bencana di tingkat desa. Kajian kesehatan reproduksi bencana disampaikan dengan metode penyuluhan disertai diskusi interaktif. Identifikasi ancaman, kapasitas, dan kerentanan bencana menggunakan metode partisipatory. Peserta dipilih secara purposive. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Peserta menyebutkan bahwa permasalahan kesehatan reproduksi yang dapat terjadi meliputi perasalahan kesehatan ibu dan anak, pelecehan seksual, dan penularan penyakit seksual yang diakibatkan oleh keadaan sarana prasarana pengungsian yang minim. Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi diketahui bahwa ancaman bencana gempa dapat menimbulkan kerentanan pada manusia khususnya bayi, anak-anak, lansia, dan penyandang cacat berupa luka sedang hingga kematian. Kerentanan pada infrastruktur berupa robohnya bangunan akibat struktur yang tidak kuat. Kapasitas bencana yang dimiliki desa berupa adanya forum kebencanaan dan pelatihan serta simulasi bencana yang mendukung adanya infrastruktur siaga bencana. Ancaman gempa bumi dapat menimbulkan kerugian pada asset berisiko desa yang berupa manusia dan infrastruktur, namun pihak desa telah memiliki kapasitas / kekuatan pada seluruh aspek berisiko tersebut untuk meminimalisir kerugian yang muncul. Diharapkan aparat desa dapat meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan bencana dengan melakukan pemetaan risiko bencana desa secara berkesinabungan.
WORKSHOP PENYUSUNAN SILABUS DAN RPP BAGI GURU-GURU SMA/SMK MUHAMMADIYAH SE-KABUPATEN GUNUNGKIDUL
Authors: Sunaryo Sunaryo , Istiandaru Afit 
Published: February 2019

Salah satu kegiatan penting dalam merencanakan pembelajaran adalah menyusun silabus dan rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran (RPP). Penerapan Kurikulum 2013 membuat guru harus menyesuaikan diri dalam menyusun silabus dan RPP berpendekatan saintifik. Guru-guru matematika SMA/SMK Muhammadiyah di Kabupaten Gunungkidul merupakan target sasaran kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang tepat mengingat mereka belum pernah mendapatkan bimbingan teknis yang memadai. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah untuk melatih dan memotivasi guru agar mampu menyusun silabus dan RPP yang ideal. Kegiatan pengabdian dilaksanakan dalam dua tahapan, yaitu workshop dan pendampinga. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian menunjukkan bahwa para guru telah berusaha mencoba menerapkan silabus dan RPP hasil workshopdan kegiatan mandiri dengan baik. Adapun umpan balik yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa pada tema workshop sesuai dengan kebutuhan peningkatan profesionalisme guru dan optimis tujuan workshop dapat tercapai. Daya dukung workshop berupa fasilitas ruang maupun fasilitas pendukungcukup memadai sehingga workshop bisa berjalan dengan lancar, baik, tepat waktu, dan menyenangkan. Peserta sangat mendukung adanya pelatihan lanjutan.