bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paediatric hyperthermia-related deaths while entrapped and unattended inside vehicles: The Canadian experience and anticipatory guidance for prevention
Authors: Ho Karen , Minhas Ripudaman , Young Elizabeth , Sgro Michael , Huber Joelene F 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
An average of 37 children die of hyperthermia inside parked vehicles annually in the USA. The majority of cases are due to a caregiver forgetting them (~55%), while ~13% are due to intentionally leaving children unattended and ~28% occur when children climb into unlocked vehicles. The cause of four per cent is unknown. There are no published data on incidence in Canada. Through information provided from provincial and territorial coroner’s offices, Canadian government agencies and media reports, six cases of vehicular hyperthermia deaths were confirmed since 2013. Three were attributed to children left unintentionally in vehicles; one occurred after a child climbed into an unlocked vehicle and two cases are undetermined. Attention or memory lapses are hypothesized to occur due to distraction, stress, fatigue, or routine changes. Educating caregivers about the dangers of leaving children in vehicles and providing preventative strategies through anticipatory guidance may reduce these tragedies (see graphic abstract).
Sleep and activity patterns in older patients discharged from the hospital
Authors: Kessler Riley , Knutson Kristen L , Mokhlesi Babak , Anderson Samantha L , Shah Monica , Meltzer David O , Arora Vineet M 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Study Objectives
Although sleep disturbance is common in acutely ill patients during and after a hospitalization, how hospitalization affects sleep in general medicine patients has not been well characterized. We describe how sleep and activity patterns vary during and after hospitalization in a small population of older, predominately African American general medicine patients.

Methods
Patients wore a wrist accelerometer during hospitalization and post-discharge to provide objective measurements of sleep duration, efficiency, and physical activity. Random effects linear regression models clustered by subject were used to test associations between sleep and activity parameters across study days from hospitalization through post-discharge.

Results
We recorded 404 nights and 384 days from 54 patients. Neither nighttime sleep duration nor sleep efficiency increased from hospitalization through post-discharge (320.2 vs. 320.2 min, p = 0.99; 74.0% vs. 71.7%, p = 0.24). Daytime sleep duration also showed no significant change (26.3 vs. 25.8 min/day, p = 0.5). Daytime physical activity was significantly less in-hospital compared to post-discharge (128.6 vs. 173.2 counts/min, p < 0.01) and increased 23.3 counts/min (95% CI = 16.5 to 30.6, p < 0.01) per hospital day. A study day and post-discharge period interaction was observed demonstrating slowed recovery of activity post-discharge (β 3 = −20.8, 95% CI = −28.8 to −12.8, p < 0.01).

Conclusions
Nighttime sleep duration and efficiency and daytime sleep duration were similar in-hospital and post-discharge. Daytime physical activity, however, was greater post-discharge and increased more rapidly during hospitalization than post-discharge. Interventions, both in hospital and at home, to restore patient sleep and sustain activity improvements may improve patient recovery from illness.
Dry eye and sleep quality: a large community-based study in Hangzhou
Authors: Yu Xiaoning , Guo Huilan , Liu Xin , Wang Guowei , Min Yan , Chen Shih-Hua Sarah , Han Summer S , Chang Robert T , Zhao Xueyin , Hsing Ann , Zhu Shankuan , Yao Ke 
Published: July 2019

AbstractStudy ObjectivesTo investigate the relationship between dry eye and sleep quality in a large community-based Chinese population.MethodsA total of 3,070 participants aged 18–80 were recruited from a community-based study in Hangzhou, China during 2016–2017. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (CPSQI), and dry eye was evaluated using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire. Multivariable linear regression and logistic regression models were used to investigate the associations, adjusting for age, smoking, drinking, season, and other potential confounders.ResultsOverall, CPSQI score and sleep dysfunction were significantly associated with mild, moderate, and severe dry eye (ORs for CPSQI score: 1.07, 1.13, 1.14, all p < 0.001; for sleep dysfunction: 1.31, 1.73, 1.66, all p < 0.05). Furthermore, worse OSDI score was presented in participants with worse CPSQI score or sleep dysfunction (CPSQI score > 7) (β: 0.13, 0.54; all p < 0.001). In addition, six of the seven components of CPSQI showed significant associations with dry eye (all p < 0.001), except for the component of sleep medication use. Moreover, we observed significant associations of dry eye in all three subscales of OSDI with CPSQI score and sleep dysfunction.ConclusionOur large, community-based study showed a strong association between poor sleep quality and an increased severity of dry eye, suggesting that preventing either one of the discomforts might alleviate the other.
Activity and rumination of Holstein and crossbred cows in an organic grazing and low-input conventional dairy herd
Authors: Pereira Glenda M , Heins Bradley J 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Holstein and crossbred dairy cows from an organic grazing and low-input conventional herd were evaluated for activity and rumination across 4 yr (January 2014 to December 2017). Data were from two herds, an organic grazing (ORG) and a low-input conventional (CONV) that were managed similarly at the University of Minnesota West Central Research and Outreach Center, Morris, MN. Breed groups and total cows across the 4-yr study in the analysis for both herds were Holstein (HO, n = 114), 1964 HO genetic line (H64, n = 83); crossbreds sired by Montbéliarde, Viking Red, and HO (MVH, n = 248), and Normande, Jersey, and Viking Red (NJV, n = 167). During the summer grazing season (May to October) ORG cows were on pasture and supplemented daily with 2.72 kg of corn per cow, and CONV cows were fed a total mixed ration (TMR) in an outdoor confinement dry-lot. During the winter season (November to April) ORG and CONV cows were fed a TMR consisting of corn silage, alfalfa haylage, corn, soybean meal, and minerals in an outwintering lot and a compost barn. Activity (reported in activity units by daily and bihourly periods) and rumination, (min/d and min/2 h) from SCR DataFlow II software, were monitored electronically using HR-LD Tags (SCR Engineers Ltd, Netanya, Israel) for the 4-yr period. Daily activity was greater for 2016 and 2017 (P &lt; 0.05) than for 2014 and 2015 for the ORG and CONV herds. Daily rumination varied by year, and 2015 and 2016 were lower (P &lt; 0.05) than 2014 and 2017 in both herds. The HO and crossbred cows were not different (P &gt; 0.05) for activity in both the ORG and CONV herds. The H64 cows had lower (P &lt; 0.05) rumination than the other breed groups in the ORG and CONV herds. For ORG primiparous cows, the H64 cows had lower rumination than MVH cows, and the ORG multiparous H64 cows had lower (P &lt; 0.05) rumination than HO and MVH breed groups. For CONV primiparous cows, the HO cows had greater (P &lt; 0.05) rumination the other breed groups, and the CONV multiparous HO, MVH, and NJV cows had greater (P &lt; 0.05) rumination than the H64 cows. Results from this study suggest that activity and rumination are different between breeds in the experimental low-input dairy herds.
The global scientific research response to the public health emergency of Zika virus infection
Authors: de Oliveira Juliane Fonseca , Pescarini Julia Moreira , de Souza Rodrigues Moreno , de Araujo Almeida Bethania , Henriques Claudio Maierovitch Pessanha , Gouveia Fabio Castro , Rabello Elaine Teixeira , Matta Gustavo Correa , Barreto Mauricio L. , Sampaio Ricardo Barros 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundScience studies have been a field of research for different knowledge areas and they have been successfully used to analyse the construction of scientific knowledge, practice and dissemination. In this study, we aimed to verify how the Zika epidemic has moulded scientific production worldwide analysing international collaboration and the knowledge landscape through time, research topics and country involvement.MethodologyWe searched the Web of Science (WoS) for studies published up to 31st December 2018 on Zika using the search terms “zika”, “zkv” or “zikv”. We analysed the scientific production regarding which countries have published the most, on which topics, as well as country level collaboration. We performed a scientometric analysis of research on Zika focusing on knowledge mapping and the scientific research path over time and space.FindingsWe found two well defined research areas divided into three subtopics accounting for six clusters. With regard to country analysis, the USA followed by Brazil were the leading countries in publications on Zika. China entered as a new player focusing on specific research areas. When we took into consideration the epidemics and reported cases, Brazil and France were the leading research countries on related topics. As for international collaboration, the USA followed by England and France stand out as the main hubs. The research areas most published included public health related topics from 2015 until the very beginning of 2016, followed by an increase in topics related to the clinical aspects of the disease in 2016 and the beginnings of laboratorial research in 2017/2018.ConclusionsMapping the response to Zika, a public health emergency, demonstrated a clear pattern of the participation of countries in the scientific advances. The pattern of knowledge production found in this study represented the different perspectives and interests of countries based firstly on their level of exposure to the epidemic and secondly on their financial positions with regard to science.
Consolidation of reward memory during sleep does not require dopaminergic activation
Authors: Alizadeh Asfestani M , Brechtmann V , Santiago J , Born J , Feld GB 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSleep enhances memories, especially, if they are related to future rewards. Although dopamine has been shown to be a key determinant during reward learning, the role of dopaminergic neurotransmission for amplifying reward-related memories during sleep remains unclear. In the present study, we scrutinize the idea that dopamine is needed for the preferential consolidation of rewarded information. We blocked dopaminergic neurotransmission, thereby aiming to wipe out preferential sleep-dependent consolidation of high over low rewarded memories during sleep. Following a double-blind, balanced, crossover design 20 young healthy men received the dopamine d2-like receptor blocker Sulpiride (800 mg) or placebo, after learning a Motivated Learning Task. The task required participants to memorize 80 highly and 80 lowly rewarded pictures. Half of them were presented for a short (750 ms) and a long duration (1500 ms), respectively, which enabled to dissociate effects of reward on sleep-associated consolidation from those of mere encoding depth. Retrieval was tested after a retention interval of 20 h that included 8 h of nocturnal sleep. As expected, at retrieval, highly rewarded memories were remembered better than lowly rewarded memories, under placebo. However, there was no evidence for an effect of blocking dopaminergic neurotransmission with Sulpiride during sleep on this differential retention of rewarded information. This result indicates that dopaminergic activation is not required for the preferential consolidation of reward-associated memory. Rather it appears that dopaminergic activation only tags such memories at encoding for intensified reprocessing during sleep.
Robust latent-variable interpretation ofin vivoregression models by nested resampling
Authors: Caulk Alexander W. , Janes Kevin A. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTSimple multilinear methods, such as partial least squares regression (PLSR), are effective at interrelating dynamic, multivariate datasets of cell–molecular biology through high-dimensional arrays. However, data collectedin vivoare more difficult, because animal-to-animal variability is often high, and each time-point measured is usually a terminal endpoint for that animal. Observations are further complicated by the nesting of cells within tissues or tissue sections, which themselves are nested within animals. Here, we introduce principled resampling strategies that preserve the tissue-animal hierarchy of individual replicates and compute the uncertainty of multidimensional decompositions applied to global averages. Using molecular–phenotypic data from the mouse aorta and colon, we find that interpretation of decomposed latent variables (LVs) changes when PLSR models are resampled. Lagging LVs, which statistically improve global-average models, are unstable in resampled iterations that preserve nesting relationships, arguing that these LVs should not be mined for biological insight. Interestingly, resampling is less discriminatory for multidimensional regressions ofin vitrodata, suggesting it is unnecessary when replicate-to-replicate variance is low. Our work illustrates the challenges and opportunities in translating systems-biology approaches from cultured cells to living organisms. Nested resampling adds a straightforward quality-control step aiding the interpretability ofin vivoregression models.
orthoCapture: Facilitating Gene Capture Probe Design for Non-Model Species
Authors: Lauterbur M. Elise 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn non-model species, targeted gene capture (selective enrichment of specific genomic regions of interest) applications in molecular ecology have been limited by the practicalities of capture design. Currently, the minimal requirement for designing capture probes is a transcriptome, or established reference genome for the species of interest. When an established, annotated reference genome is unavailable, one common approach is to design probes from annotated reference genomes (or transcriptomes) of related species. Unfortunately, as divergence between probes and the genome of interest increases, such as occurs during directional selection, capture performance decreases. Here I introduce orthoCapture, a tool to overcome such limitations by mining unannotated whole-genome sequence (WGS) data from non-model species and/or their close relatives to allow probe design using multiple genomic sources. orthoCapture finds orthologs in WGS data from multiple related species to create a set of exon sequences that encompasses the diversity of the exons of interest. These “design sequences” can then be used to design capture probes for the species of interest. orthoCapture thus eliminates the need for transcriptome or whole-genome sequencing for bait capture experiments, making this technique accessible for molecular ecology and conservation studies. Use of orthoCapture is via command-line interface on Unix systems, and requires the input of a gene sequence from an unrelated annotated genome and a fasta database from a target, unannotated genome (e.g., whole-genome shotgun contigs). The output, sequence templates from the nonannotated genomic data, allows probe creation by any commercial company providing gene capture services.
Estimating the heritability of psychological measures in the Human Connectome Project dataset
Authors: Han Yanting , Adolphs Ralph 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe Human Connectome Project (HCP) is a large structural and functional MRI dataset with a rich array of behavioral measures and extensive family structure. This makes it a valuable resource for investigating questions about individual differences, including questions about heritability. While its MRI data have been analyzed extensively in this regard, to our knowledge a comprehensive estimation of the heritability of the behavioral dataset has never been conducted. Using a set of behavioral measures of personality, emotion and cognition, we show that it is possible to re-identify the same individual across two testing times, and identify identical twins. Using machine-learning (univariate linear model, Ridge classifier and Random Forest model) we estimated the heritability of 37 behavioral measures and compared the results to those derived from twin correlations. Correlations between the standard heritability metric and each set of model weights ranged from 0.42 to 0.67, and questionnaire-based and task-based measures did not differ significantly in their heritability. We further derived nine latent factors from the 37 measures and repeated the heritability estimation; in this case, the correlations between the standard heritability and each set of model weights were lower, ranging from 0.15 to 0.38. One specific discrepancy arose for the general intelligence factor, which all models assigned high importance, but the standard heritability calculation did not. We present an alternative method for qualitatively estimating the heritability of the behavioral measures in the HCP as a resource for other investigators, and recommend the use of machine-learning models for estimating heritability.
Co-occurrence of kdr mutations V1016I and F1534C in pyrethroid-resistant Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) populations from Costa Rica
Authors: Zardkoohi Aryana , Castañeda David , Castillo Carmen , Lol Juan C , Lopez Francisco , Rodriguez Rodrigo Marín , Padilla Norma 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) is considered the most important mosquito vector species for several arboviruses (e.g., dengue, chikungunya, Zika) in Costa Rica. The main strategy for the control and prevention of Aedes-borne diseases relies on insecticide-based vector control. However, the emergence of insecticide resistance in the mosquito populations present a big threat for the prevention actions. The characterization of the mechanisms driving the insecticide resistance in Ae. aegypti are vital for decision making in vector control programs. Therefore, we analyzed the voltage-gated sodium channel gene for the presence of the V1016I and F1534C kdr mutations in pyrethroid-resistant Ae. aegypti populations from Puntarenas and Limon provinces, Costa Rica. The CDC bottle bioassays showed that both Costa Rican Ae. aegypti populations were resistant to permethrin and deltamethrin. In the case of kdr genotyping, results revealed the co-occurrence of V1016I and F1534C mutations in permethrin and deltamethrin-resistant populations, as well as the fixation of the 1534C allele. Therefore, our findings make an urgent call to expand the knowledge about the insecticide resistance status and mechanisms in the Costa Rican populations of Ae. aegypti which must be a priority to develop an effective resistance management plan.
Basic principles of the genetic code extension
Authors: Błażej Paweł , Wnetrzak Małgorzata , Mackiewicz Dorota , Mackiewicz Paweł 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCompounds including non-canonical amino acids or other artificially designed molecules can find a lot of applications in medicine, industry and biotechnology. They can be produced thanks to the modification or extension of the standard genetic code (SGC). Such peptides or proteins including the non-canonical amino acids can be constantly delivered in a stable way by organisms with the customized genetic code. Among several methods of engineering the code, using non-canonical base pairs is especially promising, because it enables generating many new codons, which can be used to encode any new amino acid. Since even one pair of new bases can extend the SGC up to 216 codons generated by six-letter nucleotide alphabet, the extension of the SGC can be achieved in many ways. Here, we proposed a stepwise procedure of the SGC extension with one pair of non-canonical bases to minimize the consequences of point mutations. We reported relationships between codons in the framework of graph theory. All 216 codons were represented as nodes of the graph, whereas its edges were induced by all possible single nucleotide mutations occurring between codons. Therefore, every set of canonical and newly added codons induces a specific subgraph. We characterized the properties of the induced subgraphs generated by selected sets of codons. Thanks to that, we were able to describe a procedure for incremental addition of the set of meaningful codons up to the full coding system consisting of three pairs of bases. The procedure of gradual extension of the SGC makes the whole system robust to changing genetic information due to mutations and is compatible with the views assuming that codons and amino acids were added successively to the primordial SGC, which evolved to minimize harmful consequences of mutations or mistranslations of encoded proteins.
The voices of the voiceless: the Cantonese opera music community in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Cheung Ah Li 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
Since Cantonese opera was inscribed on UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2009, the Chinese government has carried out different policies to “develop” Cantonese opera in Guangzhou. Through state-initiated reforms, the local performing art was homogenized, institutionalized and nationalized in many ways. In this process, the government authorities took the lead and the Cantonese opera music community was not involved in the decision making of the future of their own tradition. This paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on intensive fieldwork conducted in 2011, the paper examines the meaning of heritage to the local music community, as the art form was recognized by UNESCO in 2009. Apart from studying the policies made by the government, this paper looks into the socio-political impact brought to the Cantonese opera music community from a bottom-up perspective.

Findings
Cantonese opera performances in Guangzhou as well as performers’ own social life changed drastically in recent years. Musicians faced a dilemma of whether to follow the government’s market-oriented plan or to preserve their traditional lifestyle with their own initiative.

Originality/value
This paper reveals the voices of the “voiceless” music community and investigates the consequences resulted by the heritagization of the art form to the music community.