bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acoustic energy harvesting with irradiated cross-linked polypropylene piezoelectret films
Authors: Xue Yuan , Zhao Jinfeng , Zhang Xiaoqing , Sessler Gerhard M , Kupnik Mario 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Piezoelectret films prepared by irradiated cross-linked polypropylene (IXPP) not only feature a large figure of merit (d
33 · g
33, FoM) and a nearly flat response of the sensitivity as a microphone (4 mV Pa−1) in the audio range, but also exhibit a good impedance match to air. Therefore, this material is appropriate for air-coupled sonic and ultrasonic applications. In this work, we report acoustic energy harvesting using IXPP piezoelectret films without mass loading both in ultrasonic and low-frequency ranges. Under an input sound pressure level (SPL) of 100 dB (or 2 Pa) and a resonance frequency of 53 kHz, a maximum output power of 7.2 nW is obtained for an IXPP film harvester. Despite its high resonance frequency, the large FoM of IXPP piezoelectret films suggests itself to be a promising candidate also for low-frequency acoustic energy harvesting with the help of Helmholtz resonators. An output power of 10.3 nW is achieved for a harvester with a 16 cm2 large IXPP film within a Helmholtz resonator, which features a resonance frequency of 900 Hz, with an optimized load resistance of 962 kΩ under an input SPL of 100 dB. In comparison to acoustic energy harvesters based on ferroelectric polymer polyvinylidene fluoride cantilever beams, our devices have much higher output power density under the same conditions and much broader bandwidth. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations are performed to confirm the experimental results. Moreover, the output power of the IXPP acoustic energy harvesters can be further improved by increasing the active area of the piezoelectret films.
Combinatorial characterization of the weight monoids of smooth affine spherical varieties
Authors: Pezzini Guido , Van Steirteghem Bart 
Published: January 2019

Let

G
G

be a connected reductive group, and let

X
X

be a smooth affine spherical

G
G

-variety, both defined over the complex numbers. A well-known theorem of I. Losev’s says that

X
X

is uniquely determined by its weight monoid, which is the set of irreducible representations of

G
G

that occur in the coordinate ring of

X
X

. In this paper, we use the combinatorial theory of spherical varieties and a smoothness criterion of R. Camus to characterize the weight monoids of smooth affine spherical varieties.
Application of the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology: A Retrospective 12-Year Bi-institutional Study
Authors: Wu Howard H , Alruwaii Fatimah , Zeng Bao-Rung , Cramer Harvey M , Lai Chiung-Ru , Hang Jen-Fan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Multi-institutional studies are required for the validation of the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC).

Methods
A total of 1,560 fine-needle aspirations of the salivary glands were retrieved from two institutions for a 12-year period. The diagnoses were reclassified based on the MSRSGC. Risk of malignancy (ROM) for each category was calculated based on 694 histologic follow-up cases.

Results
The ROM for each category was: 18.3% for nondiagnostic, 8.9% for nonneoplastic, 37.5% for atypia of undetermined significance (AUS), 2.9% for benign neoplasm, 40.7% for salivary gland neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential (SUMP), 100% for suspicious for malignancy, and 98.3% for malignant. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive rate, and negative predictive rates were 89%, 99%, 98%, and 96%, respectively.

Conclusions
The results of the current study are in keeping with the MSRSGC. The indeterminate categories of AUS and SUMP showed intermediate ROMs at 37.5% and 40.7%, respectively.
Evaluation of integrative clustering methods for the analysis of multi-omics data
Authors: Chauvel Cécile , Novoloaca Alexei , Veyre Pierre , Reynier Frédéric , Becker Jérémie 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Recent advances in sequencing, mass spectrometry and cytometry technologies have enabled researchers to collect large-scale omics data from the same set of biological samples. The joint analysis of multiple omics offers the opportunity to uncover coordinated cellular processes acting across different omic layers. In this work, we present a thorough comparison of a selection of recent integrative clustering approaches, including Bayesian (BCC and MDI) and matrix factorization approaches (iCluster, moCluster, JIVE and iNMF). Based on simulations, the methods were evaluated on their sensitivity and their ability to recover both the correct number of clusters and the simulated clustering at the common and data-specific levels. Standard non-integrative approaches were also included to quantify the added value of integrative methods. For most matrix factorization methods and one Bayesian approach (BCC), the shared and specific structures were successfully recovered with high and moderate accuracy, respectively. An opposite behavior was observed on non-integrative approaches, i.e. high performances on specific structures only. Finally, we applied the methods on the Cancer Genome Atlas breast cancer data set to check whether results based on experimental data were consistent with those obtained in the simulations.
GRIMM: GRaph IMputation and matching for HLA genotypes
Authors: Maiers Martin , Halagan Michael , Gragert Loren , Bashyal Pradeep , Brelsford Jason , Schneider Joel , Lutsker Polina , Louzoun Yoram 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Motivation
For over 10 years allele-level HLA matching for bone marrow registries has been performed in a probabilistic context. HLA typing technologies provide ambiguous results in that they could not distinguish among all known HLA alleles equences; therefore registries have implemented matching algorithms that provide lists of donor and cord blood units ordered in terms of the likelihood of allele-level matching at specific HLA loci. With the growth of registry sizes, current match algorithm implementations are unable to provide match results in real time.

Results
We present here a novel computationally-efficient open source implementation of an HLA imputation and match algorithm using a graph database platform. Using graph traversal, the matching algorithm runtime is practically not affected by registry size. This implementation generates results that agree with consensus output on a publicly-available match algorithm cross-validation dataset.

Availability and implementation
The Python, Perl and Neo4j code is available at https://github.com/nmdp-bioinformatics/grimm.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The way to analyse ‘way’: A case study in word-specific local grammar
Authors: Hanks Patrick , Može Sara 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTraditionally, dictionaries are meaning-driven—that is, they list different senses (or supposed senses) of each word, but do not say much about the phraseology that distinguishes one sense from another. Grammars, on the other hand, are structure-driven: they attempt to describe all possible structures of a language, but say little about meaning, phraseology, or collocation. In both disciplines during the 20th century, the practice of inventing evidence rather than discovering it led to intermittent and unpredictable distortions of fact. Since 1987, attempts have been made in both lexicography (Cobuild) and syntactic theory (pattern grammar, construction grammar) to integrate meaning and phraseology. Corpora now provide empirical evidence on a large scale for lexicosyntactic description, but there is still a long way to go. Many cherished beliefs must be abandoned before a synthesis between empirical lexical analysis and grammatical theory can be achieved. In this paper, by empirical analysis of just one word (the noun way), we show how corpus evidence can be used to tackle the complexities of lexical and constructional meaning, providing new insights into the lexis-grammar interface.
Ideal Simplicial Volume of Manifolds with Boundary
Authors: Frigerio Roberto , Moraschini Marco 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe define the ideal simplicial volume for compact manifolds with boundary. Roughly speaking, the ideal simplicial volume of a manifold $M$ measures the minimal size of possibly ideal triangulations of $M$ “with real coefficients”, thus providing a variation of the ordinary simplicial volume defined by Gromov in 1982, the main difference being that ideal simplices are now allowed to appear in representatives of the fundamental class. We show that the ideal simplicial volume is bounded above by the ordinary simplicial volume, and that it vanishes if and only if the ordinary simplicial volume does. We show that, for manifolds with amenable boundary, the ideal simplicial volume coincides with the classical one, whereas for hyperbolic manifolds with geodesic boundary it can be strictly smaller. We compute the ideal simplicial volume of an infinite family of hyperbolic $3$-manifolds with geodesic boundary, for which the exact value of the classical simplicial volume is not known, and we exhibit examples where the ideal simplicial volume provides sharper bounds on mapping degrees than the classical simplicial volume.
Perspectives of stakeholders on emergency obstetric care training in Kenya: a qualitative study
Authors: Banke-Thomas Aduragbemi , Maua Judith , Madaj Barbara , Ameh Charles , van den Broek Nynke 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
This study explores stakeholders’ perceptions of emergency obstetric care (EmOC) ‘skills-and-drills’-type training including the outcomes, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the intervention in Kenya.

Methods
Stakeholders who either benefited from or contributed to EmOC training were purposively sampled. Semi-structured topic guides were used for key informant interviews and focus group discussions. Following verbatim transcriptions of recordings, the thematic approach was used for data analysis.

Results
Sixty-nine trained healthcare providers (HCPs), 114 women who received EmOC and their relatives, 30 master trainers and training organizers, and six EmOC facility/Ministry of Health staff were recruited. Following training, deemed valuable for its ‘hands-on’ approach and content by HCPs, women reported that they experienced improvements in the quality of care provided. HCPs reported that training led to improved knowledge, skills and attitudes, with improved care outcomes. However, they also reported an increased workload. Implementing stakeholders stressed the need to explore strategies that help to maximize and sustain training outcomes.

Conclusions
The value of EmOC training in improving the capacity of HCPs and outcomes for mothers and newborns is not just ascribed but felt by beneficiaries. However, unintended outcomes such as increased workload may occur and need to be systematically addressed to maximize training gains.
The 112-Year Odyssey of Pertussis and Pertussis Vaccines—Mistakes Made and Implications for the Future
Authors: Cherry James D 
Published: January 2019

AbstractEffective diphtheria, tetanus toxoids, whole-cell pertussis (DTwP) vaccines became available in the 1930s, and they were put into routine use in the United States in the 1940s. Their use reduced the average rate of reported pertussis cases from 157 in 100 000 in the prevaccine era to <1 in 100 000 in the 1970s. Because of alleged reactions (encephalopathy and death), several countries discontinued (Sweden) or markedly decreased (United Kingdom, Germany, Japan) use of the vaccine. During the 20th century, Bordetella pertussis was studied extensively in animal model systems, and many “toxins” and protective antigens were described. A leader in B pertussis research was Margaret Pittman of the National Institutes of Health/US Food and Drug Administration. She published 2 articles suggesting that pertussis was a pertussis toxin (PT)-mediated disease. Dr Pittman’s views led to the idea that less-reactogenic acellular vaccines could be produced. The first diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (DTaP) vaccines were developed in Japan and put into routine use there. Afterward, DTaP vaccines were developed in the Western world, and definitive efficacy trials were carried out in the 1990s. These vaccines were all less reactogenic than DTwP vaccines, and despite the fact that their efficacy was less than that of DTwP vaccines, they were approved in the United States and many other countries. DTaP vaccines replaced DTwP vaccines in the United States in 1997. In the last 13 years, major pertussis epidemics have occurred in the United States, and numerous studies have shown the deficiencies of DTaP vaccines, including the small number of antigens that the vaccines contain and the type of cellular immune response that they elicit. The type of cellular response a predominantly, T2 response results in less efficacy and shorter duration of protection. Because of the small number of antigens (3–5 in DTaP vaccines vs >3000 in DTwP vaccines), linked-epitope suppression occurs. Because of linked-epitope suppression, all children who were primed by DTaP vaccines will be more susceptible to pertussis throughout their lifetimes, and there is no easy way to decrease this increased lifetime susceptibility.
EM counterparts of structured jets from 3D GRMHD simulations
Authors: Kathirgamaraju Adithan , Tchekhovskoy Alexander , Giannios Dimitrios , Barniol Duran Rodolfo 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
GW170817/GRB170817A has offered unprecedented insight into binary neutron star post-merger systems. Its Prompt and afterglow emission imply the presence of a tightly collimated relativistic jet with a smooth transverse structure. However, it remains unclear whether and how the central engine can produce such structured jets. Here, we utilize 3D general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations starting with a black hole surrounded by a magnetized torus with properties typically expected of a post-merger system. We follow the jet, as it is self-consistently launched, from the scale of the compact object out to more than three orders of magnitude in distance. We find that this naturally results in a structured jet, which is collimated by the disc wind into a half-opening angle of roughly 10°; its emission can explain features of both the prompt and afterglow emission of GRB170817A for a 30° observing angle. Our work is the first to compute the afterglow, in the context of a binary merger, from a relativistic magnetized jet self-consistently generated by an accreting black hole, with the jet’s transverse structure determined by the accretion physics and not prescribed at any point.
OrthoMaM v10: Scaling-Up Orthologous Coding Sequence and Exon Alignments with More than One Hundred Mammalian Genomes
Authors: Scornavacca Celine , Belkhir Khalid , Lopez Jimmy , Dernat Rémy , Delsuc Frédéric , Douzery Emmanuel J P , Ranwez Vincent 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We present version 10 of OrthoMaM, a database of orthologous mammalian markers. OrthoMaM is already 11 years old and since the outset it has kept on improving, providing alignments and phylogenetic trees of high-quality computed with state-of-the-art methods on up-to-date data. The main contribution of this version is the increase in the number of taxa: 116 mammalian genomes for 14,509 one-to-one orthologous genes. This has been made possible by the combination of genomic data deposited in Ensembl complemented by additional good-quality genomes only available in NCBI. Version 10 users will benefit from pipeline improvements and a completely redesigned web-interface.
Modern Training and Credentialing in Neuroendovascular Acute Ischemic Stroke Therapy
Authors: Schirmer Clemens M , Siddiqui Adnan H , Frid Ilya , Khalessi Alexander A , Mocco J , Griessenauer Christoph J , Goren Oded , Dalal Shamsher , Weiner Gregory , Arthur Adam S 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains a significant source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Multiple recent randomized clinical trials for AIS patients presenting with large vessel occlusion have demonstrated radical improvement in outcomes with mechanical thrombectomy (MT), which is now recognized as the new standard of care for patients presenting up to 24 hr.

OBJECTIVE
To provide a perspective on training and credentialing requirements for practitioners in this field.

METHODS
Relevant articles were systematically searched and analyzed. Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research guidelines were utilized.

RESULTS
: The Committee for Advanced Subspecialty Training (CAST) brings together the principal specialties of Radiology, Neurology, and Neurosurgery. Their training standards document the most recent consensus on training for neuroendovascular surgery (NES) and include the endovascular treatment of AIS as a part of the field of NES. This unified consensus represents a significant landmark in the evolution of stroke therapy. Presently, training at most centers follows an apprenticeship type model. Simulation methods and objective performance metrics have not been widely incorporated. Maintenance of proficiency has not been conclusively addressed reflecting the overall developing nature of the field.

CONCLUSION
The evolution of the standard of care interventional therapy for large vessel AIS utilizing MT raises concerns regarding work force needs, training standards, competency, and credentialing requirements for practitioners. The CAST framework represents the most modern and flexible approach for both individuals and training programs. Methods based on objective performance metrics utilizing simulation as primary vehicle may be the logical next steps in the evolution of NES.
Widespread Pressure Pain Sensitivity and Referred Pain from Trigger Points in Patients with Upper Thoracic Spine Pain
Authors: Ortega-Santiago Ricardo , Maestre-Lerga Maite , Fernández-de-las-Peñas César , Cleland Joshua A , Plaza-Manzano Gustavo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe presence of trigger points (MTrPs) and pressure pain sensitivity has been well documented in subjects with neck and back pain; however, it has yet to be examined in people with upper thoracic spine pain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of MTrPs and mechanical pain sensitivity in individuals with upper thoracic spine pain.MethodsSeventeen subjects with upper thoracic spine pain and 17 pain-free controls without spine pain participated. MTrPs were examined bilaterally in the upper trapezius, rhomboid, iliocostalis thoracic, levator scapulae, infraspinatus, and anterior and middle scalene muscles. Pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) were assessed over T2, the C5-C6 zygapophyseal joint, the second metacarpal, and the tibialis anterior.ResultsThe numbers of MTrPs between both groups were significantly different (P < 0.001) between patients and controls. The number of MTrPs for each patient with upper thoracic spine pain was 12.4 ± 2.8 (5.7 ± 4.0 active TrPs, 6.7 ± 3.4 latent TrPs). The distribution of MTrPs was significantly different between groups, and active MTrPs within the rhomboid (75%), anterior scalene (65%), and middle scalene (47%) were the most prevalent in patients with upper thoracic spine pain. A higher number of active MTrPs was associated with greater pain intensity and longer duration of pain history.ConclusionsThis study identified active MTrPs and widespread pain hypersensitivity in subjects with upper thoracic spine pain compared with asymptomatic people. Identifying proper treatment strategies might be able to reduce pain and improve function in individuals with upper thoracic spine pain. However, future studies are needed to examine this.
Health-related quality of life and its associated factors: results of a multi-center cross-sectional study among university students
Authors: Backhaus Insa , D’Egidio Valeria , Saulle Rosella , Masala Daniele , Firenze Alberto , De Vito Elisabetta , Mannocci Alice , La Torre Giuseppe 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
The decline of health among university students represents an important and growing public health concern. Health problems and unhealthy lifestyle habits are common among many students, but factors influencing students’ health are not fully understood.

Methods
Italian university students from different study programs and curriculum years were asked to fill out a self-administered questionnaire, collecting data about age, gender, curriculum year, study program and health-related quality of life (QOL). Two latent factors were extracted: physical component summary score and mental component summary score. T-test, one-way ANOVA, multivariate and age and sex-stratified analyses were performed.

Results
Students scored relatively poor on health-related QOL, with an overall mental component summary score of 41,3% (± 10,0) and physical component summary score of 52,9% (±6,0), with significantly higher mental component summary score for male students (P = &lt; 0,005). Studying economics, law (b = −2,513, P = 0,007) or engineering (b = −2,762; P = 0,001) was associated to negatively influence students’ health.

Conclusions
Factors such as study program are associated with health-related QOL. Further longitudinal studies assessing additional socio-demographic factors are needed to fully assess what influences students’ health. Students’ health should be at the top of the agenda of public health researchers, academic supervisors and policy-makers.
Antimicrobial prescribing in older adults
Authors: Brandburg Gloria L. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract:
Infectious diseases pose a significant threat to older adult health and well-being. Determining the appropriate use and selection of antimicrobials in older adults can be challenging. Age-related physiologic changes, multiple comorbidities, and polypharmacy are factors that can make prescribing antimicrobials complicated and the effectiveness of therapy unpredictable.
Quality improvement initiatives in rheumatology: an integrative review of the last 5 years
Authors: Liu Lucy H. , Choden Sonam , Yazdany Jinoos 
Published: January 2019

Purpose of review
We reviewed recent quality improvement initiatives in the field of rheumatology to identify common strategies and themes leading to measurable change.

Recent findings
Efforts to improve quality of care in rheumatology have accelerated in the last 5 years. Most studies in this area have focused on interventions to improve process measures such as increasing the collection of patient-reported outcomes and vaccination rates, but some studies have examined interventions to improve health outcomes. Increasingly, researchers are studying electronic health record (EHR)-based interventions, such as standardized templates, flowsheets, best practice alerts and order sets. EHR-based interventions were most successful when reinforced with provider education, reminders and performance feedback. Most studies also redesigned workflows, distributing tasks among clinical staff. Given the common challenges and solutions facing rheumatology clinics under new value-based payment models, there are important opportunities to accelerate quality improvement by building on the successful efforts to date. Structured quality improvement models such as the learning collaborative may help to disseminate successful initiatives across practices.

Summary
Review of recent quality improvement initiatives in rheumatology demonstrated common solutions, particularly involving leveraging health IT and workflow redesign.