bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
التحول نحو الجوهر الاقتصادي على حساب الشكل القانوني ودوره في تحسين جودة الابلاغ المالي
Authors: عبد الحليم صفوان قصي , صخر نجاة حميد 
Published: January 2019

ان المتتبع لحاجات المستفيدين من المعلومات المحاسبية يلاحظ ضرورة تبني خاصية التمثيل الصادق للمعلومات المحاسبية ومن هنا تبنى IASB منهج الجوهر الاقتصادي كأساس في إعداد وتطوير المعايير المحاسبة الدولية لذلك يناقش هذا البحث[1] انعكاس الظاهرة الاقتصادية من حيث جوهرها الاقتصادي على موضوع القياس وان تكون متوافقة اسلوب القياس حيث تتركز مشكلة البحث في حقيقة ان الوحدات الاقتصادية العاملة في البيئة العراقية تعالج الاحداث والظواهر الاقتصادية وفق الشكل القانوني وبما يتلائم مع متطلبات النظام المحاسبي الموحد وينسجم مع اهداف المخطط الاقتصادي ذات الطبيعة المركزية مما يؤثر سلباً في جودة الابلاغ المالي , وبالتالي تنعكس على قرارات مستخدمي التقارير المالية الآخرين (المستثمرين) , وعليه يهدف البحث إلى تسليط الضوء على مفهوم تغليب الجوهر الاقتصادي على الشكل القانوني من حيث امكانية تبني الممارسات المحاسبية الدولية (المشتقة من الجوهر الاقتصادي ) من بين المعايير, وهما (المخزون 2 IAS والايجار IFRS 16 ) وقد بين البحث وجود تباين بين الجوهر الاقتصادي والشكل القانوني من حيث الجهات المستفيدة , والتنظيم المحاسبي , واسس النظرية , واساس القياس , ومتطلبات الافصاح , والمرونة , والتوجه , والهدف , والحكم المهني , وفرض قيمة العملة , وحق الملكية , والدخل , ومسؤولية الادارة , والمحافظة على راس المال بالاضافة إلى بعض الفقرات الاخرى.

[1] البحث مستل من اطروحة دكتوراه
Dificuldades encontradas por auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem para realização de cálculos de medicamentos
Authors: Assis Marcio Antonio , De Assis Milaine Garcia , Da Silva Jaqueline Terra , Rodrigues Evilin Cristine , Rodrigues Larissa Conti Di Cianni 
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: Identificar fatores que dificultam o entendimento do cálculo de medicamentos por auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem e levantar as possibilidades de melhorias quanto a esse entendimento. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo survey descritivo e exploratório, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 50 auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem, atuantes em área hospitalar, com experiência no preparo e administração de medicamentos, por meio da aplicação de um questionário semiestruturado. Resultados: O fator que mais dificulta a realização dos cálculos é a falta de conhecimento dos participantes em relação í matemática, bem como sobre a compreensão do que se necessita. Conclusão: Existe a necessidade de melhorar a clareza referente ao processo de medicação, bem como reforçar os programas de educação continuada no sentido de favorecer uma maior segurança e assertividade nesse processo na assistência e enfermagem.Palavras-chave: erros de medicação, assistência de enfermagem, gestão de riscos.
Caracterí­sticas sociodemográficas das ví­timas de Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio no Brasil
Authors: Silva Ananda Sodré , Ferraz Mariana Oliveira Antunes , Biondo Chrisne Santana , De Oliveira Bruno Gonçalves 
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: Descrever as caracterí­sticas sociodemográficas das ví­timas de Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio (IAM) no Brasil no ano de 2014. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de natureza quantitativa, realizado a partir de dados sobre a mortalidade por IAM no ano de 2014, coletados do Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade do SUS (SIM/SUS). Resultados: Foi evidenciada a predominância de óbitos por IAM em indiví­duos do sexo masculino, evoluindo conforme idade, expressando-se vigorosamente em indiví­duos idosos, em especial com 80 anos ou mais, de cor branca e baixa escolaridade. Conclusão: É necessário investir em estudos e intervenções aos grupos vulneráveis, incluindo ações de promoção e prevenção í saúde, tornando mais acessí­vel os serviços de saúde para que se estabeleçam medidas precoces.Palavras-chave: infarto do miocárdio, mortalidade, Brasil.
A Second Terrestrial Planet Orbiting the Nearby M Dwarf LHS 1140
Authors: Ment Kristo , Dittmann Jason A. , Astudillo-Defru Nicola , Charbonneau David , Irwin Jonathan , Bonfils Xavier , Murgas Felipe , Almenara Jose-Manuel , Forveille Thierry , Agol Eric , Ballard Sarah , Berta-Thompson Zachory K. , Bouchy François , Cloutier Ryan , Delfosse Xavier , Doyon René , Dressing Courtney D. , Esquerdo Gilbert A. , Haywood Raphaëlle D. , Kipping David M. , Latham David W. , Lovis Christophe , Newton Elisabeth R. , Pepe Francesco , Rodriguez Joseph E. , Santos Nuno C. , Tan Thiam-Guan , Udry Stephane , Winters Jennifer G. , Wünsche Anaël 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
LHS 1140 is a nearby mid-M dwarf known to host a temperate rocky super-Earth (LHS 1140 b) on a 24.737-day orbit. Based on photometric observations by MEarth and Spitzer as well as Doppler spectroscopy from the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher, we report the discovery of an additional transiting rocky companion (LHS 1140 c) with a mass of 1.81 ± 0.39 M
⊕ and a radius of 1.282 ± 0.024 R
⊕ on a tighter, 3.77795-day orbit. We also obtain more precise estimates for the mass and radius of LHS 1140 b, which are 6.98 ± 0.89 M
⊕ and 1.727 ± 0.032 R
⊕. The mean densities of planets b and c are 7.5 ± 1.0 g cm−3 and 4.7 ± 1.1 g cm−3, respectively, both consistent with the Earth’s ratio of iron to magnesium silicate. The orbital eccentricities of LHS 1140 b and c are consistent with circular orbits and constrained to be below 0.06 and 0.31, respectively, with 90% confidence. Because the orbits of the two planets are coplanar and because we know from previous analyses of Kepler data that compact systems of small planets orbiting M dwarfs are commonplace, a search for more transiting planets in the LHS 1140 system could be fruitful. LHS 1140 c is one of the few known nearby terrestrial planets whose atmosphere could be studied with the upcoming James Webb Space Telescope.
Winds of Massive Stars: High-resolution X-Ray Spectra of Stars in NGC 3603
Authors: Huenemoerder David P. , Schulz Norbert S. , Nichols Joy S. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The cluster NGC 3603 hosts some of the most massive stars in the Galaxy. With a modest 50 ks exposure with the Chandra High Energy Grating Spectrometer, we have resolved emission lines in spectra of several of the brightest cluster members, which are of WNh and O spectral types. This observation provides our first definitive high-resolution spectra of such stars in this nearby starburst region. The stars studied have broadened X-ray emission lines, some with blueshifted centroids, and are characteristic of massive stellar winds with terminal velocities around 2000–

. X-ray luminosities and plasma temperatures are very high for both the WNh and O-stars studied. We conclude that their X-rays are likely the result of colliding winds.
An Eigenvector-Based Method of Radio Array Calibration and Its Application to the Tianlai Cylinder Pathfinder
Authors: Zuo Shifan , Pen Ue-Li , Wu Fengquan , Li Jixia , Stebbins Albert , Wang Yougang , Chen Xuelei 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We propose an eigenvector-based formalism for the calibration of radio interferometer arrays. In the presence of a strong dominant point source, the complex gains of the array can be obtained by taking the first eigenvector of the visibility matrix. We use the stable principle component analysis method to help separate outliers and noise from the calibrator signal to improve the performance of the method. This method can be applied with poorly known beam model of the antenna, is insensitive to outliers or imperfections in the data, and has low computational complexity. It thus is particularly suitable for the initial calibration of the array, which can serve as the initial point for more accurate calibrations. We demonstrate this method by applying it to the cylinder pathfinder of the Tianlai experiment, which aims to measure the dark energy equation of state using the baryon acoustic oscillation features in the large-scale structure by making intensity mapping observation of the redshifted 21 cm emission of the neutral hydrogen (H i). The complex gain of the array elements and the beam profile in the east–west direction (short axis of the cylinder) are successfully obtained by applying this method to the transit data of bright radio sources.
Discovery of δ Scuti Pulsations in the Young Hybrid Debris Disk Star HD 156623
Authors: Mellon Samuel N. , Mamajek Eric E. , Zwintz Konstanze , David Trevor J. , Stuik Remko , J. Talens Geert Jan , Dorval Patrick , Burggraaff Olivier , Kenworthy Matthew A. , Bailey, III John I. , Lomberg Blaine B. D. , Kuhn Rudi B. , Ireland Michael J. , Crawford Steven M. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The bRing robotic observatory network was built to search for circumplanetary material within the transiting Hill sphere of the exoplanet β Pic b across its bright host star β Pic. During the bRing survey of β Pic, it simultaneously monitored the brightnesses of thousands of bright stars in the southern sky (V ≃ 4–8, δ ≲ −30°). In this work, we announce the discovery of δ Scuti pulsations in the A-type star HD 156623 using bRing data. HD 156623 is notable as it is a well-studied young star with a dusty and gas-rich debris disk, previously detected using ALMA. We present the observational results on the pulsation periods and amplitudes for HD 156623, discuss its evolutionary status, and provide further constraints on its nature and age. We find strong evidence of frequency regularity and grouping. We do not find evidence of frequency, amplitude, or phase modulation for any of the frequencies over the course of the observations. We show that HD 156623 is consistent with other hot and high-frequency pre-main sequence and early zero-age main sequence (ZAMS) δ Scutis as predicted by theoretical models and corresponding evolutionary tracks, although we observe that HD 156623 lies hotter than the theoretical blue edge of the classical instability strip. This, coupled with our characterization and Sco–Cen membership analyses, suggests that the star is most likely an outlying ZAMS member of the ∼16 Myr Upper Centaurus-Lupus subgroup of the Sco–Cen association.
Observations of an Electron Diffusion Region in Symmetric Reconnection with Weak Guide Field
Authors: Zhou M. , Deng X. H. , Zhong Z. H. , Pang Y. , Tang R. X. , El-Alaoui M. , Walker R. J. , Russell C. T. , Lapenta G. , Strangeway R. J. , Torbert R. B. , Burch J. L. , Paterson W. R. , Giles B. L. , Khotyaintsev Y. V. , Ergun R. E. , Lindqvist P.-A. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft encountered an electron diffusion region (EDR) in a symmetric reconnection in the Earth’s magnetotail. The EDR contained a guide field of about 2 nT, which was 13% of the magnetic field in the inflow region, and its thickness was about 2 local electron inertial lengths. Intense energy dissipation, a super-Alfvénic electron jet, electron nongyrotropy, and crescent-shaped electron velocity distributions were observed in association with this EDR. These features are similar to those of the EDRs in asymmetric reconnection at the dayside magnetopause. Electrons gained about 50% of their energy from the immediate upstream to the EDR. Crescent electron distributions were seen at the boundary of the EDR, while highly curved magnetic field lines inside the EDR may have gyrotropized the electrons. The EDR was characterized by a parallel current that was carried by antiparallel drifting electrons that were probably accelerated by a parallel electric field along the guide field. These results reveal the essential electron physics of the EDR and provide a significant example of an EDR in symmetric reconnection with a weak guide field.
Can Everyone Be Refreshed?
Authors: Yancy Pamela , Handley Adrienne 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Although most inactive nurses enrolled in a registered nurse refresher course can safely and effectively be returned to active practice on completion of such a course, there is a small group for which this is not the case. The authors explored factors that could predict successful course completion and transition back to active practice. Although not statistically significant, three factors seemed to suggest areas for further study. The age of the nurse and the number of children could be predictors of success. Nurses who had practiced in an acute care setting (i.e., hospital) were more likely to be successful than nurses who had practiced in other areas. Time in nursing practice immediately following graduation and time away from the practice of nursing were not found to be strong predictors. Other approaches may be necessary to help these nurses successfully return to practice.
Designing a Nurse Refresher Course Curriculum
Authors: Cundall Regina , Emert Betty , Gowens Donna , Hedrick Cathy , Phillips Marge , Schulze Beverly , Sredl Darlene 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
One viable way to increase the ranks of registered nurses employed within nursing is to offer nurse refresher courses to inactive registered nurses. Outcome measures identified in several studies suggested that more than 60% of nurse refresher course graduates retained employment within nursing for 2 years after completing the course. An extensive literature review revealed information on many nurse refresher programs, but no curricula. The purpose of this article is to offer a nurse refresher course curriculum and describe the process by which it was designed.
An Annual Employee Education Calendar as the Capstone of Educational Assessment, Planning, and Delivery
Authors: Morton Paula G 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Staff development educators can better control their workload and provide a more comprehensive employee education program when the organization adopts a formal five-step process that culminates in the publication of an annual employee education calendar. This article describes the five steps of organization-wide learning needs assessment, resource allocation, priority setting, documentation of the educational plan, and calendar development, including elements and timelines. The annual calendar reflects involvement of staff throughout the facility in the identification, planning, and delivery of education programs. Its publication enhances staff and supervisors' awareness of learning opportunities. Its longer-range perspective assists managers and employees to better plan to meet learning needs and improves participation in staff development activities.
Corneal Epithelial Damage During LASIK: A Review of 1873 Eyes
Authors: Chen Ying-Ting , Tseng Sung-Huei , Ma Mi-Chia , Huang Fu-Chin , Tsai Yi-Yu 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To assess the incidence, risk factors, management, and sequelae of intraoperative epithelial damage during LASIK using a linearly advancing microkeratome.
METHODS: Chart review of 1873 eyes (956 patients) that underwent primary LASIK using the Automated Corneal Sha per microkeratome and the VISX Star S2 excimer laser. The main outcome measure was the incidence of intraoperative epithelial damage (patch of loosened epithelium with or without any frank epithelial defect). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify risk factors for intraoperative epithelial damage.
RESULTS: Intraoperative epithelial damage occurred in 31 (1.66%) of 1873 eyes. The incidence of intraoperative epithelial damage increased with increasing patient age (odds ratio [OR] 1.095/decade; 95% confidence interval [Cl] 1.002 to 1.197, P=.045) and increasing years of contact lens wear (OR 1.136, 95% Cl 1.024 to 1.261, P=. 016). No correlation was found for gender, corneal curvature, central corneal thickness, microkeratome plate depth, or preoperative or postoperative refraction. The risk of intraoperative epithelial damage was significantly higher in the second eye if damage occurred in the first eye (66.7% versus 0.67%, OR 298.7, Cl 78.2 to 1141.2, P<.001). Epithelial damage was managed successfully intraoperatively in all 31 eyes; recurrent corneal erosion was noted 4 months postoperatively in 1 eye but resolved after anterior stromal puncture.
CONCLUSIONS: The risk for intraoperative epithelial damage during LASIK increases with patient age, years of contact lens wear, and intraoperative epithelial damage in the first eye during simultaneous bilateral LASIK, but with proper intraoperative management, postoperative sequelae are rare. [J Refract Surg. 2007;23:916923.]
Fifteen-year Follow-up After LASIK: Case Report
Authors: Kymionis George D , Tsiklis Nikolaos , PaIlikaris Aristofanis I , Bouzoukis Dimitrios I , Pallikaris loannis G 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To present 15-year follow-up of one of the first LASIKtreated patients.
METHODS: A 40-year-old woman underwent LASIK in the left eye for myopia in July 1991.
RESULTS: Fifteen years after LASIK, spherical equivalent error was statistically significantly reduced from preoperative -8.75 -3.75 × 025° to postoperative -4.25 -2.75 × 010°. Six months postoperatively refractive and topographic stability was obtained and remained stable during follow-up with no significant changes between interval mean time (-3.75 -3.00 × 020° 6 months postoperatively to -4.25 -2.75 × 010° 15 years postoperatively). No early or late postoperative complications were observed, and confocal microscopy revealed a regenerated nerve plexus and normal cornea. However, increased scattering and presence of debris were observed at the flap interface even after 15 years. Despite moderate predictability (residual refractive error) and small optical zone, the patient was satisfied with final outcome.
Effects of Zernike Wavefront Aberrations on Visual Acuity Measured Using Electromagnetic Adaptive Optics Technology
Authors: Rocha Karolinne Maia , Vabre Laurent , Harms Fabrice , Chateau Nicolas , Krueger Ronald R 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study measured the changes in visual acuity induced by individual Zernike ocular aberrations of various root-mean-square (RMS) magnitudes.
METHODS: A crxl Adaptive Optics Visual Simulator (Imagine Eyes) was used to modify the wavefront aberrations in nine eyes. After measuring ocular aberrations, the device was programmed to compensate for the eye's wavefront error up to the 4th order and successively apply different individual Zernike aberrations using a 5-mm pupil. The generated aberrations included defocus, astigmatism, coma, trefoil, and spherical aberration at a level of 0.1, 0.3, and 0.9 µm. Monocular visual acuity was assessed using computer-generated Lando It-C optotypes.
RESULTS: Correction of the patients' aberrations improved visual acuity by a mean of 1 line (-0.1 logMAR) compared to best sphero-cylinder correction. Aberrations of 0.1 µm RMS resulted in a limited decrease in visual acuity (mean +0.05 logMAR), whereas aberrations of 0.3 µm RMS induced significant visual acuity losses with a mean reduction of 1.5 lines (+0.15 logMAR). Larger aberrations of 0.9 µm RMS resulted in greater visual acuity losses that were more pronounced with spherical aberration (+0.64 logMAR) and defocus (+0.62 logMAR), whereas trefoil (+0.22 logMAR) was found to be better tolerated.
CONCLUSIONS: The electromagnetic adaptive optics visual simulator effectively corrected and generated wavefront aberrations up to the 4th order. Custom wavefront correction significantly improved visual acuity compared to best-spectacle correction. Symmetric aberrations (eg, defocus and spherical aberration) were more detrimental to visual performance. [J Refract Surg. 2007;23:953-959.]
Stability of Wavefront Aberrations During the Daytime After 6 Months of Overnight Orthokeratology Corneal Reshaping
Authors: Stillitano Iane , Schor Paulo , Lipener Cesar , Hofling-Lima Ana Luisa 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the stability of wavefront aberrations during the daytime after 6 months of overnight orthokeratology corneal reshaping.
METHODS: A prospective study of 26 eyes using the Ultravision BE lens design during 6 months of overnight wear. Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), cycloplegic refraction, and wavefront aberrometry were measured at 8 AM (within 1 hour after awakening and removing lenses), 1 PM (5 to 6 hours after lens removal), and 6 PM (10 to 12 hours after lens removal).
RESULTS: There was no significant difference in UCVA between 8 AM, 1 PM, and 6 PM (P= .383). Spherical power from wavefront aberrometry showed significant regression from 8 AM to 1 PM (P<.001) and stabilized near zero diopters. Total root-mean-square (RMS) increased and higher order aberration RMS and defocus (Z4) decreased between 8 AM and 1 PM (P<.001) but did not change for the rest of the day (P>.001). There was no statistically significant change in astigmatism (Z3 and Z5) (P=. 449) and coma (Z7 and Z8) (P=. 145) between 8 AM, 1 PM, and 6 PM. Spherical aberration (Z12) showed regression throughout the day (P<.001).
CONCLUSIONS: After 6 months of overnight orthokeratology wear, some optical aberrations showed regression during the day. Despite no significant change in UCVA during 10 to 12 hours, there was a significant increase in defocus (Z4) within the first 5 hours after removing the orthokeratology lens and a decrease in spherical aberration (Z12) throughout the day. [J Refract Surg. 2007;23:978-983.]
Optimal Balance of Wavefront Aberrations in Photorefractive Keratectomy
Authors: Takhchidi Khristo P , Doga Alexander V , Kachalina Galina F 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To determine the ratio of defocus (Z4) to spherical aberration (Z12) in patients with optimal visual performance 10 years after multifocal aspheric photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).
METHODS: The optimal ratio of defocus to spherical aberration was determined in 16 presbyopic patients (32 eyes) with 10-year follow-up after aspheric multifocal PRK with good to excellent visual acuity postoperatively and the absence of mesopic symptoms such as halos and glare. All patients were satisfied with their near and far vision. The NIDEK OPD-Scan was used to measure wavefront aberrations postoperatively for a 6-mm pupil diameter to the 6th Zernike order. Preoperative manifest refraction spherical equivalent (M RSE) was -7. 61 ±1.04 diopters (D) (range: -6.25 to -10.00 D).
RESULTS: At 10 years postoperatively, mean spherical equivalent refraction was -0.49 ±0.96 D. All eyes were within 1.00 D of the intended refraction. The ratio of Z4/Z12 for patients with optimal outcomes was 3.07±1.36.
CONCLUSIONS: The ratio of Z4/Z12 generated in this study determines the optimum balance of defocus to spherical aberration required for excellent outcomes in patients undergoing multifocal aspheric PRK. [J Refract Surg. 2007;23:S1037-S1040.]
Tangential Topography Corneal Map to Diagnose Laser Treatment Decentration
Authors: Vinciguerra Paolo , Randazzo Alessandro , Albè Elena , Epstein Daniel 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To describe the use of corneal topography to determine the cause of decentration and pseudodecentration after laser ablation.
METHODS: A total of 148 eyes referred for treatment of decentration after primary excimer laser surgery were evaluated using corneal topography. The criteria and maps used to distinguish between decentration and pseudodecentration are described. All eyes were analyzed with the tangential algorithm of the CSO corneal topographer and the NIDEK OPD-Scan.
RESULTS: Eyes were classified into two groups: decentered and pseudodecente red. Only 5 (3.4%) eyes were decentered, and 143 eyes were classified as pseudodecentered. Analysis of the different causes of pseudodecentration included 28 cases due to an irregular ablation, 107 cases due to high corneal dioptric grathent, and 8 cases due to central islands. Instantaneous corneal topography was the most suitable map to determine decentration and pseudodecentration.
CONCLUSIONS: Decentration and pseudodecentration were due to corneal topographic abnormalities causing sudden changes of corneal curvature in the m id periphery. The evaluation of the instantaneous curvature maps in this study underscores the importance of these peripheral changes by highlighting their impact on the optical performance of the central cornea. [J Refract Surg. 2007;23:S1057-S1064.]