bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parents’ experiences of videoconference as a tool for multidisciplinary information exchange for children with epilepsy and disability
Authors: Tschamper Merete Kristin , Jakobsen Rita 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore the parents’ experiences with the multidisciplinary information exchange between different levels of the health‐ social and school services using videoconference.BackgroundChildren with epilepsy and disability are in need of long‐term multidisciplinary help and support. The information exchange between the child’s providers of support is challenging. Scant attention has been paid to the parents’ experiences of the information exchange.DesignA qualitative study with a phenomenological–hermeneutical research approach.MethodChildren with epilepsy and disability had undergone a multidisciplinary assessment in a hospital in the tertiary health service followed by information exchange with each child’s local support service using videoconference. Five parents were interviewed individually within a week after the videoconference. The COREQ checklist was used in the process of reporting on the empirical material.ResultsThe increased local participation in the videoconference and the knowledge translation between the professionals made the parents save time, as they did not have to explain the written reports to each provider locally. The impact of technology created an emotional distance to the person on the screen and the information exchanged that some enjoyed while others disliked. The quality of the relationships to the professionals seemed to be crucial for the parents to feel safe talking about sensitive tasks.ConclusionThe parents prefer videoconference as a tool for information exchange to traditional face‐to‐face meetings as it enables discussions between professionals that might prevent treatment misunderstandings. They experience the method as time‐saving and patient‐centred.Relevance to clinical practiceProfessionals should be aware of the possible side effects of the impact of technology that might affect the interaction and the information exchange in a negative way. The findings are likely to be transferable beyond the current context.
Problems with incident reporting: Reports lead rarely to recommendations
Authors: Liukka Mari , Hupli Markku , Turunen Hannele 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAim and objectiveTo analyse trends in incident reporting over the last 5 years and determine how many reports led to recommendations?BackgroundPatient safety incident reporting systems have been used in health care for years. However, they have a significant weakness in that reports often do not lead to any visible action.DesignThe study is a retrospective register study. STROBE checklist was applied in the preparation of the paper.MethodsData were collected from a web‐based incident reporting database (HaiPro) for a social‐ and healthcare organisation in Finland, covering the period from 2011–2015.ResultsIn total, 16,019 incident reports were analysed. In 2.7% (n = 426) of all reports, there was written recommendation to develop action that such incidents would not happen again. Those reports were classified into seven categories: education, introduction and information, introduction to work, patient care, guidelines, instruments and IT programmes, and the physical environment.ConclusionsManagers get major amount incident reports. There should be (a) a definition what kind of events should be reported, (b) a definition for how serious events managers have to make a recommendation and (c) control that recommendations are implemented.Relevance to clinical practiceThere is a need for more action to promote patient safety based on incident reports.
Preventing surgical site infections: Facilitators and barriers to nurses’ adherence to clinical practice guidelines—A qualitative study
Authors: Lin Frances , Gillespie Brigid M. , Chaboyer Wendy , Li Yu , Whitelock Karen , Morley Nicola , Morrissey Shirley , O’Callaghan Frances , Marshall Andrea P. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimsTo identify the facilitators of and barriers to nurses’ adherence to evidence‐based wound care clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) in preventing surgical site infections (SSIs) in an Australian tertiary hospital.BackgroundCurrent research suggests that up to 50% of nurses are unaware of the evidence‐based recommendations to prevent SSIs and that adherence to evidence‐based CPGs is suboptimal. However, little is known regarding the facilitators and barriers to adherence to evidence‐based CPGs.DesignA qualitative study incorporating ethnographic data collection techniques.MethodsData collection included semi‐structured individual interviews and focus groups (N = 20), and examination of existing hospital policy and procedure documents. Thematic analysis using inductive and deductive approaches was conducted. This manuscript adheres to the COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research (COREQ) guidelines.FindingsData analysis revealed four themes: adhering to aseptic technique, knowledge and information seeking, documenting wound care and educating and involving patients in wound care. Facilitators and barriers within each theme were identified. Facilitators included participants’ active information‐seeking behaviour, a clear understanding of the importance of aseptic technique, and patient participation in wound care. Barriers included participants’ knowledge and skills deficits regarding application of aseptic technique principles in practice, the availability of the hospital's wound care procedure document, suboptimal wound care documentation and the timing of patient education.ConclusionsThere is a need to develop interventions to improve nurses’ adherence to recommended CPGs including following aseptic technique principles, hand hygiene, documentation and patient education. Hospital procedure documents that outline wound care need to reflect current recommended CPGs.Relevance to clinical practiceAdhering to evidence‐based CPGs has been found to be effective in reducing and preventing SSIs. Our study provides an in‐depth understanding of the barriers and facilitators to nurses’ adherence to recommended CPGs. The findings may inform future practice improvements in wound care.
Napping, functional capacity and satisfaction with life in older adults: A population‐based study
Authors: Guarnieri Ribeiro Bueno Camila , Andrechuk Carla Renata Silva , Guimarães Lima Margareth , Ceretta Oliveira Henrique , Zancanella Edilson , Berti de Azevedo Barros Marilisa , Marchiori de Oliveira Tânia Aparecida , Ceolim Maria Filomena 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAim and objectiveTo analyse the association between napping, functional capacity and satisfaction with life in older adult residing in the community.MethodA cross‐sectional population‐based study using data from a health survey conducted in a city of the state of São Paulo. Information on sociodemographic and clinical variables was collected through a questionnaire, as well as the occurrence or not of napping and satisfaction with life. Functional capacity was assessed using the Katz Index and Lawton–Brody Scale. Statistical analysis was performed using the Rao–Scott chi‐square test and a hierarchical analysis using stepwise backward multiple Poisson regression. p‐Values <0.05 were considered significant. In this paper, we adhere to STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology guidelines.ResultsThere was predominance of the 60–69 years age group (51.3%) and of females (60.8%). The majority of the older adults (57.5%), of both sexes, reported napping. A higher prevalence of napping was found in the older subjects, the male sex, the subjects without children, those with health problems and those that were partially dependent in instrumental activities of daily living.ConclusionsThe study showed that naps are prevalent in older adults. The need to identify the issues that permeate napping is emphasised, in order to promote health in individuals of this age group, before classifying the practice as beneficial or harmful.Relevance to clinical practiceIt is essential that health professionals, in their practices, consider the complaints and reports of naps in the elderly, in an attempt to detect and reduce possible consequences in activities of daily living.
Strategies in the transfer of varying grades of vitrified‐warmed blastocysts in women aged over 35 years: A propensity‐matched analysis
Authors: Park Dong S. , Kim Ji W. , Chang Eun M. , Lee Woo S. , Yoon Tae K. , Lyu Sang W. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimFor in vitro fertilization, the optimal number of blastocysts to transfer according to blastocyst grade has not been well established, especially with respect to vitrified‐warmed blastocyst transfer (VBT) in women aged over 35 years. This study aimed to compare the pregnancy and neonatal outcomes for three different VBT methods with variable numbers and qualities of blastocysts in women aged over 35 years.MethodsAll VBT cycles were categorized into three groups according to blastocyst grade: GG (two good‐quality blastocysts transferred), GP (one good‐quality blastocyst transferred with one of poor quality) and GS (one good‐quality blastocyst transferred). Blastocysts graded greater than or equal to 3BB were considered good quality. We conducted three 1:1 propensity score‐matched analyses (GG vs GS, GP vs GS and GG vs GP) to compare the clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), live birth rate (LBR), multiple pregnancy rate (MPR), preterm birth rate and low birthweight rate.ResultsCompared to GS, GG had higher CPR and LBR; however, MPR was also higher with GG. There were no significant differences, except implantation rate and MPR between GP and GS. Although implantation rate and CPR with GG were higher than those with GP, there were no significant differences in LBR and MPR.ConclusionTo reduce high MPR after double blastocyst transfer methods, single good‐quality blastocyst transfers are recommended in the VBT of women aged over 35 years. Transferring a good blastocyst with a poor one should be avoided because it confers no advantage.
Characterisation of the relationships between rhythmic masticatory muscle activities and limb movements in patients with sleep bruxism
Authors: Han Kangning , Wang Chuanying , Zhong Zhijun , Xu Miao , Zou Xueliang , Yu Bin , Wang Kelun , Yao Dongyuan 
Published: December 2018

SummaryBackgroundMost rhythmic masticatory muscle activities (RMMAs) have been shown to be accompanied with limb movements (LMs) in sleep bruxism (SB) patients during sleep.ObjectivesTo compare the relationships between RMMAs and LMs in SB patients and normal subjects.MethodsPolysomnographic recordings were performed on eight SB patients and nine normal subjects and the frequencies and durations of RMMAs as well as LMs were determined. Linear regression and correlation analysis were performed to study the relationship between durations of RMMAs and LMs when RMMAs occurred with LMs.ResultsMost LMs in SB patients, but not in normal subjects, were accompanied with RMMAs. RMMAs in SB patients were more likely to be isolated, phasic or mixed, while RMMAs in normal subjects were more likely to be tonic. The frequencies of LMs, isolated RMMAs and RMMAs accompanied with LMs in SB patients were significantly higher than those in normal subjects. Furthermore, linear regression and correlation analysis showed that duration of RMMAs was significantly associated with that of LMs when RMMAs occurred with LMs. The duration of RMMAs, when accompanied with LMs, in SB patients was significantly longer than that in normal subjects.ConclusionsClose relationships between LMs and RMMAs exist in SB patients and normal subjects, and SB episodes may be part of cortical arousal responses and the increased cortical activities associated with SB episodes may not just be localised to the central nervous system (CNS) that controls jaw movements but may also include other parts of CNS that controls LMs.
Validity of a visual scoring method using gummy jelly for evaluating chewing efficiency in a large‐scale epidemiological survey
Authors: Igarashi Kentaro , Watanabe Yutaka , Kugimiya Yoshihiro , Shirobe Maki , Edahiro Ayako , Kaneda Koh , Hasegawa Yoko , Ito Masayasu , Hirano Hirohiko , Sakurai Kaoru , Ono Takahiro , Inagaki Hiroki , Awata Shuichi , Kawai Yasuhiko 
Published: December 2018

SummaryBackgroundSeveral methods exist for objectively evaluating chewing efficiency by using gummy jelly. However, the validity of the subjective visual evaluation of chewing efficiency has not been assessed.ObjectiveTo verify with an epidemiological study, the validity of a visual scoring method using gummy jelly by testing the relationship between masticatory performance (MP) using a fully automatic measuring system and visual score (VS) using a visual scoring method.MethodsCommunity‐dwelling elderly individuals (n = 1234) ≥70 years old participated. One evaluator measured VS consecutively after participants chewed the gummy jelly (ie, actual‐VS). The chewed jelly was photographed. Two evaluators used the photograph to measure the gummy jelly (ie, photo‐VS). To test the validity of both methods, the correlation between actual‐VS and MP and between photo‐VS and MP were analysed. Inter‐rater reliability between the evaluators of photo‐VS was analysed.ResultsSignificant correlations existed between actual‐VS and MP and between photo‐VS and MP (r = 0.86‐0.87; P < 0.001). The intra‐class correlation coefficient of the inter‐rater reliability for photo‐VS was very high (0.93; P < 0.001; 95% confidence interval: 0.877‐0.953); however, the distribution of photo‐VS deviated slightly from the actual‐VS. A large coefficient of variation in the MP for low VSs suggested the influence of incomplete comminution, which was not reflected by the VS, and the accidental swallowing of small pieces during chewing.ConclusionThe VS deviated slightly from the MP calculated using a fully automated method; however, the VS can be utilised for epidemiological surveys with numerous participants.
Prediction of the varices needing treatment with non‐invasive tests in patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease
Authors: Lee Han Ah , Kim Seung Up , Seo Yeon Seok , Lee Young‐Sun , Kang Seong Hee , Jung Young Kul , Kim Moon Young , Kim Ji Hoon , Kim Sang Gyune , Suk Ki Tae , Jung Soung Won , Jang Jae Young , An Hyonggin , Yim Hyung Joon , Um Soon Ho 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgrounds & AimsThe Baveno VI guidelines proposed criteria including liver stiffness (LS) and platelet count to avoid screening endoscopy in patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD). This study was performed to validate the Baveno IV criteria and to compare its diagnostic accuracy with other non‐invasive models.MethodsPatients with cACLD who underwent laboratory tests, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and abdominal ultrasound within 6 months of transient elastography were included.ResultsA total of 1218 patients with cACLD were included. VNT occurred in 249 patients (20.4%). With the Baveno VI criteria, the VNT miss rate was 1.9% with a 25.7% saved endoscopy rate. Using two criteria of LS <20 kPa and platelet count >110 × 109 cells/L or LS <25 kPa and platelet count >120 × 109 cells/L, the saved endoscopy rate was 39.1% while maintaining the VNT miss rate <5%. The optimal LS and platelet count‐based criteria for predicting VNT differed according to the underlying liver disease. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of LS‐spleen diameter to platelet score (LSPS) was 0.780 (95% confidence interval: 0.774‐0.820), which was significantly higher than other models. The optimal cut‐off value of the LSPS for predicting VNT was 1.47.ConclusionLiver stiffness and platelet count‐based criteria are useful for discriminating patients with very low risk of having VNT among patients with cACLD and are partly affected by the type of underlying liver disease. Conversely, the LSPS is a predictor of VNT in patients with cACLD regardless of the type of underlying liver disease.
Gender‐related issues in the pharmacology of new anti‐obesity drugs
Authors: Cataldi Mauro , Muscogiuri Giovanna , Savastano Silvia , Barrea Luigi , Guida Bruna , Taglialatela Maurizio , Colao Annamaria 
Published: December 2018

SummaryFour new medicines—liraglutide, lorcaserin, bupropion/naltrexone, and phentermine/topiramate—have been recently added to the pharmacological arsenal for obesity treatment and could represent important tools to manage this epidemic disease. To achieve satisfactory anti‐obesity goals, the use of these new medicines should be optimized and tailored to specific patient subpopulations also by applying dose adjustments if needed. In the present review, we posit that gender could be among the factors influencing the activity of the new obesity drugs both because of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic factors. Although evidence from premarketing clinical studies suggested that no dose adjustment by gender is necessary for any of these new medicines, these studies were not specifically designed to identify gender‐related differences. This observation, together with the strong theoretical background supporting the hypothesis of a gender‐dimorphic response, strongly call upon an urgent need of new real‐life data on gender‐related difference in the pharmacology of these new obesity drugs.
Crosstalk between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiometabolic syndrome
Authors: Lim Soo , Taskinen Marja‐Riitta , Borén Jan 
Published: December 2018

SummaryNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic condition characterized by fat accumulation combined with low‐grade inflammation in the liver. A large body of clinical and experimental data shows that increased flux of free fatty acids from increased visceral adipose tissue and de novo lipogenesis can lead to NAFLD and insulin resistance. Thus, individuals with obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidaemia are at the greatest risk of developing NAFLD. Conversely, NAFLD is a phenotype of cardiometabolic syndrome. Notably, researchers have discovered a close association between NAFLD and impaired glucose metabolism and focused on the role of NAFLD in the development of type 2 diabetes. Moreover, recent studies provide substantial evidence for an association between NAFLD and atherosclerosis and cardiometabolic disorders. Even if NAFLD can progress into severe liver disorders including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis, the majority of subjects with NAFLD die from cardiovascular disease eventually. In this review, we propose a potential pathological link between NAFLD/NASH and cardiometabolic syndrome. The potential factors that can play a pivotal role in this link, such as inflammation, insulin resistance, alteration in lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, genetic predisposition, and gut microbiota are discussed.
Efficacy of intravenous dexamethasone administered preoperatively and postoperatively on pain, swelling, and trismus following third molar surgery. A comparative study
Authors: Giri K.Y. , Joshi A. , Rastogi S. , Dandriyal R. , Indra B Prasad N. , Singh H.P. , Ahmed T. , Mall S. , Choudhary S. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimTo demonstrate the preventative therapeutic effect of pre‐operative and post‐operative intravenous 8 mg of dexamethasone on post‐operative pain, swelling and trismus after the surgical extraction of mandibular third molars.Materials and methodsA randomised clinical trial was conducted on of 100 healthy participants (group I pre‐operative and group II post‐operative) with unilateral impacted lower third molars, average age 27.7 ± 9.7 years with no local or systemic problems were operated under local anaesthesia. Group I received 8 mg intravenous 1 hour pre‐operatively and group II received 8 mg intravenous dose of dexamethasone at the end of procedure. Post‐operative pain was evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and the degree of swelling was evaluated through facial reference point variation. The presence of trismus was analysed through measurement of the inter‐incisal distance (IID). These assessments were obtained before the operation and 48 hour and 7th post‐operative day.ResultsNo significant differences were observed in facial swelling and trismus among pre‐operative and post‐operative IV 8 mg doses after the surgery (student t‐test; P > 0.05). The visual analogue scale scores for pain assessment showed no clinically or statistically significant differences in both groups (student t test; P > 0.05).ConclusionsPre‐operative administration of 8 mg intravenous dexamethasone is as effective as 8 mg IV post‐operative dexamethasone with no clinically or statistically significant differences in the final outcomes of the third molar surgery.
Analgesic effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on modified 2010 criteria‐diagnosed fibromyalgia: Pilot study
Authors: Cheng Chih‐Ming , Wang Shuu‐Jiun , Su Tung‐Ping , Chen Mu‐Hong , Hsieh Jen‐Chuen , Ho Shung‐Tai , Bai Ya‐Mei , Kao Nien‐Tzu , Chang Wen‐Han , Li Cheng‐Ta 
Published: December 2018

AimFibromyalgia is often comorbid with depression, and less than half those patients achieve satisfactory improvement after adequate pharmacological intervention. The investigation of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) at left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for modified‐2010 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) fibromyalgia and major depressive disorder (MDD) is still in its infancy.MethodsIn this double‐blind, randomized, sham‐control study, subjects diagnosed with ACR‐2010 fibromyalgia and DSM‐IV‐TR MDD were recruited and received either active or sham interventions for 2 weeks. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and the 10‐cm visual analogue pain scale were evaluated at baseline, week 1, and week 2. Multivariable generalized estimating equations analysis was performed for the association between depression and pain scores at each checkpoint.ResultsTwenty subjects were recruited. There was a significant difference over the 2 weeks between the rTMS and sham stimulation groups (P = 0.029), but subgroup analyses were further performed due to significant interaction of group and HDRS on pain outcomes (P = 0.020). The active group had significant improvement in pain at week 2 compared with week 1 (P = 0.021), but the control group did not have any improvement in pain (P = 0.585). Of the mild–moderate depression patients, the pain score in the active group was significantly lower than in the sham group at week 1 (P = 0.001) and at week 2 (P < 0.001). For the severe depression group, there was significantly lower pain over the 2 weeks in the active group (P = 0.045) but the sham group had significantly relapsing pain at week 2 (P < 0.001).ConclusionLeft prefrontal rTMS has an analgesic effect in modified‐ACR 2010‐defined fibromyalgia and MDD patients. Further investigation is required, however, in order to determine how to regulate the different rTMS treatment protocols according to individual baseline depression severity in patients with MDD and fibromyalgia.
Equity or Efficiency? Explaining Public Officials' Values
Authors: Fernández‐Gutiérrez Marcos , Van de Walle Steven 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article analyzes the positions of top public officials on an equity‐efficiency trade‐off and the determinants of those positions. It uses data from a survey across 14 European countries. The results show that differences in public officials' positions on equity‐efficiency are related to the context in which they work and to their personal background. Officials at the top of the hierarchy and those with a business or economics education are more oriented toward efficiency. Additionally, results show important differences associated with country administrative culture, including a stronger equity orientation in Scandinavian countries, and a stronger efficiency orientation in Southern European countries. The positions of public officials reflect those held by citizens in their country, confirming the contextualized nature of administrative values. This article contributes to understanding the determinants of public officials' dominant values.