bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les Halles (1929), une œuvre charnière dans le développement du jeune opérateur et cinéaste Boris Kaufman ?
Authors: Muelsch Elizabeth 
Published: February 2019

En 1929 Boris Kaufman et André Galitzine, tous deux venus de Russie à Paris, réalisent un film sur les Halles. On a longtemps considéré sa seule première partie, d’une durée de 7 minutes environ, comme étant l’entièreté du film ou ce qui en restait. Or ce court métrage durait plus de 22 minutes. Il ne fut retrouvé qu’en 2000 après la mort de l’ambassadeur suisse August Lindt à Berne. Jakob Lindt le remit à David Landolf, directeur de la Lichtspiel/Kinemathek à Berne permettant désormais d’appréhender ce film dans sa totalité. Cet article s’attache par conséquent à retracer l’histoire de cette production marginale éclairant par là la personnalité mal connue de Boris Kaufman, frère de Dziga Vertov, futur co-réalisateur et opérateur de Jean Lods puis de Jean Vigo, devenu ensuite un chef opérateur réputé aux États-Unis. Il interroge à la fois le rapport que le film, dans sa structure, entretient avec le Ventre de Paris de Zola et, dans ses partis pris stylistiques, ceux que l’on peut rattacher à « l’école » de l’Avant-garde française et ceux qui font écho à la doctrine du Ciné-Œil.
Detection of Extended- Spectrum Beta-Lactamase producing Escherichia coli from mesenteric lymph nodes of wild boars (Sus scrofa)
Authors: Bonardi Silvia , Cabassi Clotilde Silvia , Longhi Simona , Pia Federico , Corradi Margherita , Gilioli Stefano , Scaltriti Erika 
Published: February 2019

Wild boars (Sus scrofa) are increasing in several European countries, including Italy. In areas with intensive animal farming, like the Italian Emilia-Romagna region, they are likely to be exposed to antimicrobialresistant (AMR) bacteria of livestock origin. In 2017-2018, 108 mesenteric lymph nodes samples were collected from 108 wild boars hunted in Parma province, Emilia-Romagna region, to be tested for ESBL- and carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli. One isolate (WB-21L) out of 108 (0.9%) was phenotypically confirmed as ESBLproducing E. coli. The strain WB-21L was tested by PCR for the genes blaSHV, blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaAmpC, blaKPC, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaIMP, blaOXA-48, blaSPM, blaBIC, blaSIM, blaDIM, blaGIM, blaAIM, resulting positive for TEM β-lactamase. Resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, streptomycin, sulfasomidine, tetracycline and trimethoprim confirmed the multi-resistance nature of the strain WB-21L. Nine E. coli isolates showed resistance to meropenem by the Kirby Bauer test but none of them showed Meropenem MIC values indicative of resistance. In conclusion, the present study shows the presence of ESBL E. coli in wild boars and the possible risk of transfer to game meat handlers and consumers. Future studies are needed to better evaluate the sources of AMR bacteria in wildlife.
Turbulent enhancement of radar reflectivity factor for polydisperse cloud droplets
Authors: Matsuda Keigo , Onishi Ryo 
Published: February 2019

Abstract. The radar reflectivity factor is important for estimating cloud
microphysical properties; thus, in this study, we determine the quantitative
influence of microscale turbulent clustering of polydisperse droplets on the
radar reflectivity factor. The theoretical solution for particulate Bragg
scattering is obtained without assuming monodisperse droplet sizes. The
scattering intensity is given by an integral function including the cross
spectrum of number density fluctuations for two different droplet sizes. We
calculate the cross spectrum based on turbulent clustering data, which are
obtained by the direct numerical simulation (DNS) of particle-laden
homogeneous isotropic turbulence. The results show that the coherence of the
cross spectrum is close to unity for small wave numbers and decreases almost
exponentially with increasing wave number. This decreasing trend is dependent
on the combination of Stokes numbers. A critical wave number is introduced to
characterize the exponential decrease of the coherence and parameterized using
the Stokes number difference. Comparison with DNS results confirms that the
proposed model can reproduce the rp3-weighted power spectrum, which
is proportional to the clustering influence on the radar reflectivity factor
to a sufficiently high accuracy. Furthermore, the proposed model is extended
to incorporate the gravitational settling influence by modifying the critical
wave number based on the analytical equation derived for the bidisperse radial
distribution function. The estimate of the modified model also shows good
agreement with the DNS results for the case with gravitational droplet
settling. The model is then applied to high-resolution cloud-simulation data
obtained from a spectral-bin cloud simulation. The result shows that the
influence of turbulent clustering can be significant inside turbulent clouds.
The large influence is observed at the near-top of the clouds, where the
liquid water content and the energy dissipation rate are sufficiently large.
Measurements of hydroperoxy radicals (HO2) at atmospheric concentrations using bromide chemical ionisation mass spectrometry
Authors: Albrecht Sascha R. , Novelli Anna , Hofzumahaus Andreas , Kang Sungah , Baker Yare , Mentel Thomas , Wahner Andreas , Fuchs Hendrik 
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Hydroxyl and hydroperoxy radicals are key species for the understanding of
atmospheric oxidation processes. Their measurement is challenging due to
their high reactivity; therefore, very sensitive detection methods are needed.
Within this study, the measurement of hydroperoxy radicals (HO2)
using chemical ionisation combined with a high-resolution time-of-flight
mass spectrometer (Aerodyne Research Inc.) employing bromide as the primary ion
is presented. The sensitivity reached is equal to 0.005×108 HO2 cm−3 for 106 cps of bromide and 60 s of integration time, which is
below typical HO2 concentrations found in the atmosphere. The
detection sensitivity of the instrument is affected by the presence of water
vapour. Therefore, a water-vapour-dependent calibration factor that decreases
approximately by a factor of 2 if the water vapour mixing ratio increases from
0.1 % to 1.0 % needs to be applied. An instrumental background, most
likely generated by the ion source that is equivalent to a HO2
concentration of (1.5±0.2)×108 molecules cm−3, is
subtracted to derive atmospheric HO2 concentrations. This background
can be determined by overflowing the inlet with zero air. Several experiments
were performed in the atmospheric simulation chamber SAPHIR at the
Forschungszentrum Jülich to test the instrument performance in comparison
to the well-established laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) technique for
measurements of HO2. A highly linear correlation coefficient of
R2=0.87 is achieved. The slope of the linear regression of 1.07
demonstrates the good absolute agreement of both measurements. Chemical
conditions during experiments allowed for testing the instrument's behaviour in
the presence of atmospheric concentrations of H2O, NOx, and
O3. No significant interferences from these species were observed.
All of these facts demonstrate a reliable measurement of HO2 by
the chemical ionisation mass spectrometer presented.
Mothers’ Perceptions of their Daughters’ Susceptibility to HPV-related Risk Factors: An Experimental Pretest Comparing Narrative and Statistical Risk Information
Authors: Pot Mirjam , Van Keulen Hilde , Paulussen Theo , Otten Wilma , Van Steenbergen JIm , Ruiter Robert 
Published: February 2019

Background: In order to promote HPV-vaccination acceptability among mothers of invited girls, we developed a web-based, tailored intervention. This study reports on an experimental pretest for the component of this intervention targeting mothers’ perceptions of their daughters’ susceptibility towards HPV-related risk factors. Statistical versus narrative risk information was pretested as research results remain to be mixed on the surplus value of one type over the other in influencing mothers’ perceptions of their daughters’ susceptibility.Methods: We used data from 375 mothers of girls-to-be invited to the HPV-vaccination round 2014, who were derived from the Dutch National Immunization Register. They were randomly assigned to one of four conditions in a 2 (statistical information: yes or no) × 2 (narrative information: yes or no) between-subjects factorial design.Findings: Mothers who received statistical information felt their daughters were more susceptible towards HPV than mothers who received no statistical information. No main or interaction effects with narrative information were found. The effect of statistical information on mothers’ perceptions of their daughters’ susceptibility towards HPV was not moderated by perceived comprehensibility, credibility or novelty of the risk information, nor mediated by message-induced imaginability, elaboration, personal relevance, or defensive reactions. However, in secondary analyses, in which we only included the statistical and narrative condition, we found personal relevance to mediate the effect of statistical information (independent variable) on mothers’ perceptions of their daughters’ susceptibility towards HPV (dependent variable).Discussion: Statistical risk information appeared most effective in increasing mothers’ perceptions of their daughters’ susceptibility towards HPV and was therefore included in the web-based, tailored intervention promoting HPV-vaccination acceptability.
A primazia de Wall Street e a continuidade dos privilégios do setor financeiro no Governo Trump
Authors: Maia Eduardo Santos 
Published: February 2019

O presente trabalho abordará a primazia dos interesses de Wall Street no governo Trump. A partir do breve exame do processo de financeirização iniciado na década de 1970, será analisada a relação entre Trump e Wall Street, mormente as iniciativas adotas pelo presidente em favor do setor financeiro.Palavras-chave: Wall Street; governo Trump; desregulação financeira The present paper will address the primacy of Wall Street’s interests in Trump government. Starting from a brief analysis of the process of financialization initiated in the 1970s, the relation between Trump and Wall Street will be analyzed, particularly the initiatives adopted by the president in favor of the financial sector.Key words: Wall Street; Trump government; financial deregulation
Cover cropping can be a stronger determinant than host crop identity for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities colonizing maize and soybean
Authors: Higo Masao , Tatewaki Yuya , Gunji Kento , Kaseda Akari , Isobe Katsunori 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundUnderstanding the role of communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in agricultural systems is imperative for enhancing crop production. The key variables influencing change in AMF communities are the type of cover crop species or the type of subsequent host crop species. However, how maize and soybean performance is related to the diversity of AMF communities in cover cropping systems remains unclear. We therefore investigated which cover cropping or host identity is the most important factor in shaping AMF community structure in subsequent crop roots using an Illumina Miseq platform amplicon sequencing.MethodsIn this study, we established three cover crop systems (Italian ryegrass, hairy vetch, and brown mustard) or bare fallow prior to planting maize and soybean as cash crops. After cover cropping, we divided the cover crop experimental plots into two subsequent crop plots (maize and soybean) to understand which cover cropping or host crop identity is an important factor for determining the AMF communities and diversity both in maize and soybeans.ResultsWe found that most of the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in root samples were common in both maize and soybean, and the proportion of common generalists in this experiment for maize and soybean roots was 79.5% according to the multinomial species classification method (CLAM test). The proportion of OTUs specifically detected in only maize and soybean was 9.6% and 10.8%, respectively. Additionally, the cover cropping noticeably altered the AMF community structure in the maize and soybean roots. However, the differentiation of AMF communities between maize and soybean was not significantly different.DiscussionOur results suggest cover cropping prior to planting maize and soybean may be a strong factor for shaping AMF community structure in subsequent maize and soybean roots rather than two host crop identities. Additionally, we could not determine the suitable rotational combination for cover crops and subsequent maize and soybean crops to improve the diversity of the AMF communities in their roots. However, our findings may have implications for understanding suitable rotational combinations between cover crops and subsequent cash crops and further research should investigate in-depth the benefit of AMF on cash crop performances in cover crop rotational systems.
Teachers Performance in Relation to Pupils Academic Achievement in Kabankalan City
Authors: Malacapay Marjon C. 
Published: February 2019

Teacher's performance in relation to pupils' academic achievement is a quantitative type of research that utilized the descriptive-correlational design. The study aimed to determine the relationship between teachers' performance in terms of teaching-learning process, pupils' outcome, community involvement, and professional growth to their pupils' academic achievement. The researcher distributed a two-part survey questionnaire to the teachers (n=117) covering their demographic profile, and the four performance indicators, while only the second part was distributed to the observers/raters. The researcher then utilized descriptive and inferential statistics for data analysis. Young female teachers, mostly Teacher-I, between a 1-5 year in service, receiving six to ten thousand Pesos (P6,000-10,000) monthly net income and had 21-30 accumulated training hours dominated the population. Also, findings showed that teachers performed very satisfactory, but pupils only performed satisfactorily in terms of academics. Moreover, the teaching-learning process and pupil' outcome have significant relationships on teacher' length of service. A significant difference was only found in rural and urban teacher' community involvement. Lastly, a significant relationship on pupil' academic achievement was only found on teacher' community involvement. Therefore, among the performance indicators, teacher' community involvement solely affects pupil' academic performance but they least prioritize it.
Education, Second Courser, and non-College of Education Graduate's Performance in the Licensure Examination for Teachers of JRMSU-TC SY 2013-2016
Authors: Salundaguit Dana Faye T. 
Published: February 2019

Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET) is a standardized examination given to qualified graduates who wish to engage in the teaching profession in both elementary and secondary level. The examination is administered by the Professional Regulatory Commission twice in a year and set the passing percentage to 75%. The study employed a descriptive method of research in determining the LET performances of Education and non-Education graduates of Jose Rizal Memorial State University-Tampilisan Campus (JRMSU-TC). LET results coming from the Professional Regulatory Commission (PRC) were considered as the main data of the study. The present study considered 281 Elementary Education takers broken down into 168 BEED graduates and 113 non Education graduates, and 235 Secondary Education takers classified according to 75 BSED graduates, 127 Professional Education Certificate (PEC) graduates, and 33 non-College of Education (CED) graduates. The statistical measures used in the study were frequency count and percentage. The salient features were as follows: The Bachelor of Elementary Education (BEED) first takers performed well in the LET but combining their results with the repeaters, and non-education graduates, results barely surpass the national passing percentage. In the case of the Bachelor of Secondary Education (BSED), overall results indicated low performance in the LET or below the national passing percentage. Based on the findings of the study it was recommended to review the policies of the College of Education particularly on the entry and retention policies, faculty commitment, and the conduct of review classes and mock board.
Overcoming Hypoxia by Multistage Nanoparticle Delivery System to Inhibit Mitochondrial Respiration for Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Xia Donglin , Xu Peipei , Luo Xingyu , Zhu Jianfeng , Gu Haiying , Huo Da , Hu Yong 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHypoxia, as characterized by the low local oxygen, confers on cancer cells resistance to oxygen‐consuming photodynamic therapy (PDT). The limited success reached by current approaches harnessing reoxygenation to enhance PDT outcome promotes the reconsideration of the design of the therapeutic approach. In this study, a multistage delivery system capable of reversing hypoxia is demonstrated. Unlike previous strategies that only expect to affect the peripheral tumor tissue, the size‐shrinkable system allows those deeply located hypoxia regions to be treated. Specifically, therapeutics, including atovaquone and indocyanine green derivatives that are respectively responsible for oxidative phosphorylation blockage and PDT, are encapsulated in a gelatin nanoparticle, whose structure would rupture to promote deep penetration when facing matrix metallopeptidase 2 enzyme overexpression in tumor tissue. The antihypoxic performance of the platform has been evaluated using a variety of analyses including flow‐cytometry assay, immunofluorescence, and micro‐positron‐emission tomography imaging. Tumor regression in animal models confirms the feasibility and effectiveness of conquering the PDT‐resistance through abrogating the oxygen consumption. It is hopeful that such a strategy could shed light on the development of next‐generation PDT‐adjuvant treatment.
The Quasi‐Pt‐Allotrope Catalyst: Hollow PtCo@single‐Atom Pt1 on Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon toward Superior Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Lai Wei‐Hong , Zhang Bin‐Wei , Hu Zhenpeng , Qu Xi‐Ming , Jiang Yan‐Xia , Wang Yun‐Xiao , Wang Jia‐Zhao , Liu Hua Kun , Chou Shu‐Lei 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSingle‐atom Pt and bimetallic Pt3Co are considered the most promising oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts, with a much lower price than pure Pt. The combination of single‐atom Pt and bimetallic Pt3Co in a highly active nanomaterial, however, is challenging and vulnerable to agglomeration under realistic reaction conditions, leading to a rapid fall in the ORR. Here, a sustainable quasi‐Pt‐allotrope catalyst, composed of hollow Pt3Co (H‐PtCo) alloy cores and N‐doped carbon anchoring single atom Pt shells (Pt1N‐C), is constructed. This unique nanoarchitecture enables the inner and exterior spaces to be easily accessible, exposing an extra‐high active surface area and active sites for the penetration of both aqueous and organic electrolytes. Moreover, the novel Pt1N‐C shells not only effectively protect the H‐PtCo cores from agglomeration but also increase the efficiency of the ORR in virtue of the isolated Pt atoms. Thus, the H‐PtCo@Pt1N‐C catalyst exhibits stable ORR without any fade over a prolonged 10 000 cycle test at 0.9 V in HClO4 solution. Furthermore, this material can offer efficient and stable ORR activities in various organic electrolytes, indicating its great potential for next‐generation lithium–air batteries as well.
Enhanced Hole Transportation for Inverted Tin‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells with High Performance and Stability
Authors: Liu Cong , Tu Jin , Hu Xiaotian , Huang Zengqi , Meng Xiangchuan , Yang Jia , Duan Xiaopeng , Tan Licheng , Li Zhen , Chen Yiwang 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHigh electronic quality perovskite films with a balanced charge transportation is critical for satisfying high‐performance for perovskite solar cells (PVSCs). However, the inferior band alignment of tin‐based perovskite films with an adjacent hole‐transport layer (HTL) leads to a poor hole transportation and collection. In this work, the semiconducting molecule poly[tetraphenylethene 3,3′‐(((2,2‐diphenylethene‐1,1‐diyl)bis(4,1‐phenylene))bis(oxy))bis(N,N‐dimethylpropan‐1‐amine)tetraphenylethene] (PTN‐Br) is introduced into a lead‐free perovskite precursor to form a bulk heterojunction film. In addition, the PTN‐Br molecule with the suitable highest occupied molecular orbital energy level (−5.41 eV) can fill into the grain boundaries of the perovskite film, serving as a hole‐transport medium between grains. The gradient band alignment of the perovskite film with poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) HTL ensures excellent hole transportation and higher open‐circuit voltage. In addition, the π‐conjugated polymer PTN‐Br can passivate trap states within the perovskite film due to the formation of Lewis adducts between uncoordinated Sn atoms and the dimethylamino of PTN‐Br. Consequently, a champion efficiency of 7.94% is achieved with significant enhancements in the open‐circuit voltage and fill factor. Furthermore, the PTN‐Br incorporated device shows better ultra violet (UV) stability because of the UV barrier and passivating effect of PTN‐Br, retaining about 66% of its initial efficiency after 5 h of continuous UV light irradiation.
Recyclable Cytokines on Short and Injectable Polylactic Acid Fibers for Enhancing T‐Cell Function
Authors: Shin Hyun Mu , Ju Youngjun , Kim Gwanghun , Lee Jae Won , Seo Myung Won , Sim Ji Hyun , Yang Jusang , Noh Sora , Kim Jungbae , Kim Hang‐Rae 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe current practice of cytokine‐based immunotherapy relies on high doses and multiple injections of cytokine agents, which raises patients' inconvenience and economic burden. Here, sustainable and recyclable cytokine delivery based on short and injectable polymer fibers immobilized with interleukin (IL)‐2 and IL‐15 is demonstrated, which can be retained at the target tumor sites upon injection. In detail, electrospun polylactic acid (PLA) fibers are treated with aqueous ethanol solution for their dispersion, increasing the interfiber space for highly efficient biomolecule conjugation, and further immobilized with protein G via enzymatic dopamine coating. The protein G‐immobilized PLA fibers are cut into short fibers using a microtome, and filtering is performed to collect injectable short PLA (sPLA) fibers with the lengths of 15–100 µm. These sPLA fibers are further loaded with cytokines via the interaction between protein G and Fc, and cytokine‐loaded sPLA (Cyto‐sPLA) fibers are injected near the tumor sites using a syringe. The administration of Cyto‐sPLA fibers efficiently suppresses the tumor growth up to 70% by reinvigorating nonfunctional T cells to a functional state that can kill tumors in a sustainable and recyclable manner. The injectable sPLA‐fiber platform can be employed as a carrier for the efficient delivery of various agents in vivo.