bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solar Radiation Exposure Has Diurnal Effects on Thermoregulatory Responses During High-Intensity Exercise in the Heat Outdoors
Authors: Otani Hidenori , Goto Takayuki , Goto Heita , Hosokawa Yuri , Shirato Minayuki 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Otani, H, Goto, T, Goto, H, Hosokawa, Y, and Shirato, M. Solar radiation exposure has diurnal effects on thermoregulatory responses during high-intensity exercise in the heat outdoors. J Strength Cond Res 33(10): 2608–2615, 2019—This study investigated the diurnal effects of variations in solar radiation associated with changing solar elevation angle on thermoregulatory responses during high-intensity exercise in the heat outdoors. Ten male high school soccer players completed two 2-hour soccer training sessions under a clear sky in the heat of summer. These sessions were commenced at 0900 hours (AM) and 1600 hours (PM) on separate days. Solar radiation and elevation angle were higher in AM (820–1,070 W·m−2 and 45–69°) than PM (620–110 W·m−2 and 34–10°: both p < 0.001). Neither ambient temperature (AM 29–32° C; PM 31–31° C) nor wet-bulb globe temperature was different between trials. Although mean skin temperature was not different between trials, infrared tympanic temperature was higher at the end of exercise in AM than PM (p < 0.001). Heart rate (p < 0.01) and body heat gain from the sun (p < 0.001) were greater during exercise in AM than PM. Dry heat loss was smaller, but evaporative heat loss was greater in AM than PM (both p < 0.001). Thermal sensation and rating of perceived exertion were similar between trials, but GPS measurements showed a less total distance and distance covered by walking, jogging, and running in AM than PM (p < 0.01). This study demonstrates a greater thermoregulatory strain in AM than PM during 2-hour high-intensity soccer training in the heat under a clear sky. This observation is accompanied by a progressive increase in environmental heat stress with rising solar radiation and elevation angle in AM and a greater body heat gain from the sun in AM compared with PM.
Trunk Muscle Endurance, Flexibility, Stride Foot Balance, and Contralateral Trunk Lean in Collegiate Baseball Pitchers
Authors: Myrick Karen M. , Pallone Adam S. , Feinn Richard S. , Ford Kaitlin M. , Garbalosa Juan C. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Myrick, KM, Pallone, AS, Feinn, RS, Ford, KM, and Garbalosa, JC. Trunk muscle endurance, flexibility, stride foot balance, and contralateral trunk lean in collegiate baseball pitchers. J Strength Cond Res 33(10): 2641–2647, 2019—The incidence of shoulder and elbow injuries in baseball is increasing. The trunk is crucial to transmission of energy from lower limbs, achieving the largest angular momentum and torque during pitching, and controlling acceleration of the arm. Excessive contralateral trunk lean has been correlated with increased ball velocity and forces on the elbow. Underlying biomechanical causes contributing toward excessive lean have not been well described. Previous studies outlined the importance of trunk muscle strength and endurance. Understanding contributing factors associated with contralateral lean and pitch velocity may be helpful in pitching performance, informing strength and conditioning protocols, and preventing injuries. The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between trunk muscle endurance and flexibility, and stride foot balance with contralateral lean during pitching. Level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Pitching motion analysis and functional assessments were obtained. Three-dimensional motion analysis was used. Average degree of contralateral lean was 2.33° (SD = 3.66). No statistically significant relationships were identified between trunk muscle endurance, flexibility, and stride foot balance with contralateral lean; moderate negative association between contralateral lean and pitch speed (B = −0.631, p = 0.175) was identified along with negative association of ipsilateral maximum trunk rotation (r = −0.108, p = 0.208) and ipsilateral side plank (r = −0.095, p = 0.194) with contralateral lean. Contralateral lean does not appear influenced by trunk muscle endurance, flexibility, or stride foot balance, and does not increase pitch velocity in high velocity pitchers. Future study is warranted to determine why contralateral lean exists at lower pitch velocities, and not at higher velocities.
Development of a Multiparent Population for Genetic Mapping and Allele Discovery in Six-Row Barley
Authors: Hemshrot Alex , Poets Ana M , Tyagi Priyanka , Lei Li , Carter Corey K , Hirsch Candice N , Li Lin , Brown-Guedira Gina , Morrell Peter L , Muehlbauer Gary J , Smith Kevin P 
Published: July 2019

AbstractGermplasm collections hold valuable allelic diversity for crop improvement and genetic mapping of complex traits. To gain access to the genetic diversity within the USDA National Small Grain Collection (NSGC), we developed the Barley Recombinant Inbred Diverse Germplasm Population (BRIDG6), a six-row spring barley multiparent population (MPP) with 88 cultivated accessions crossed to a common parent (Rasmusson). The parents were randomly selected from a core subset of the NSGC that represents the genetic diversity of landrace and breeding accessions. In total, we generated 6160 F5 recombinant inbred lines (RILs), with an average of 69 and a range of 37–168 RILs per family, that were genotyped with 7773 SNPs, with an average of 3889 SNPs segregating per family. We detected 23 quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with flowering time with five QTL found coincident with previously described flowering time genes. A major QTL was detected near the flowering time gene, HvPpd-H1 which affects photoperiod. Haplotype-based analysis of HvPpd-H1 identified private alleles to families of Asian origin conferring both positive and negative effects, providing the first observation of flowering time-related alleles private to Asian accessions. We evaluated several subsampling strategies to determine the effect of sample size on the power of QTL detection, and found that, for flowering time in barley, a sample size &gt;50 families or 3000 individuals results in the highest power for QTL detection. This MPP will be useful for uncovering large and small effect QTL for traits of interest, and identifying and utilizing valuable alleles from the NSGC for barley improvement.
Türkçe Ders Kitaplarındaki Metinlerin İlettiği Değerler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: TÜRKBEN Tuncay 
Published: July 2019

Değerlerimiz
ve yetkinliklerle bütünleşmiş bilgi, beceri ve davranışlara sahip nitelikli
bireylerin yetişmesinde Türkçe ders kitabı metinlerinin katkısı yadsınamaz.
Öğretim programlarının perspektifini oluşturan değerlerin öğrencilere
aktarılmasında bu metinler, temel araç konumundadır. Bu çalışmada, 2018 yılı
Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı doğrultusunda hazırlanmış Türkçe ders kitapları,
değerler iletimi açısından incelenmiştir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma
yöntemlerinden doküman analizi kullanılmıştır. Metinler, oluşturulan “Değerler
İnceleme Formu”na göre taranmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular tablolar halinde
verilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre metinlerin değerleri iletmede yetersiz
kaldığı görülmektedir. Türkçe ders kitapları metinleri arasında değerler
iletimi açısından bir dengenin olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Benzer şekilde ders
kitaplarındaki değerlerin dağılımında da bir dengenin gözetilmediği
görülmektedir. Ders kitaplarındaki metinlerde en fazla sevgi, saygı,
yardımlaşma, duyarlılık, çalışkanlık, dayanışma değerleri yer alırken; en az
iletilen değerlerin ise tasarruf, eşitlik, adalet olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Elde edilen bulgular, alanyazından elde
edilen bulgularla birlikte değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulguları
doğrultusunda birtakım önerilere de yer verilmiştir.
Ana Dili Eğitiminde Popüler Kültür Metinlerinin Kullanımına Yönelik Türkçe Öğretmenlerinin ve Velilerin Görüşleri
Authors: BAL Mazhar 
Published: July 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ortaokul öğrencilerinin Türkçe dersiyle popüler kültür metinlerinin ilişkilendirilmesine yönelik öğretmen ve veli görüşlerinin belirlenmesidir. Bu yüzden durum çalışmasıyla desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu; 4 Türkçe öğretmeni, 48 veliden oluşmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu, ses kaydı kullanılmıştır. Öğretmen, veli görüşleri içerik analizi tekniği ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma verilerine göre Türkçe öğretmenleri ve velilerin çoğu, popüler kültür metinlerinin Türkçe dersiyle ilişkilendirilmesinin gerekli olduğunu belirtmiştir. Gerekçe olarak ise popüler kültür metinlerinin, öğrenme-öğretme sürecini olumlu yönde etkileyeceğini ve öğrencilerin kendilerini okula daha ait hissedeceğini göstermişlerdir. Araştırmanın sonucunda dikkat çeken bir diğer ortak nokta ise popüler kültür metinlerine yönelik velilerin ve öğretmenlerin çoğu, olumsuz bir algıya sahip olmalarıdır. Bu olumsuz algıya rağmen popüler kültür metinlerinin öğrencilerin günlük yaşamında vazgeçilmez olduğunu düşündükleri için Türkçe dersinde kullanılmasının gerekliliğini savundukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Gümüş Nanopartiküllerinin Üzüm Çekirdeği Ekstraktının Endotoksik Kalp Dokusundaki Histolojik Değişiklere ve TNF-α ve BNP Ekspresyonuna Etkisi
Authors: DOĞANYİĞİT Züleyha , ÖZTÜRK KÜP Fatma , KAYMAK Emin , OKAN Aslı , KOÇAK Burçin , AKİN Ali Tuğrul 
Published: July 2019

LPS tarafından oluşturulan endotokseminin
patofizyolojik mekanizmalarının anlaşılmasında ve tedavisinde pek çok strateji
geliştirilmesine rağmen, hala yoğun bakım ünitelerinin en önemli problemlerinden
biridir. Bu çalışmada, endotoksik şok üzerine üzüm çekirdeği kullanılarak
biyolojik olarak sentezlenmiş gümüş nanopartiküllerin (AgNP) koruyucu bir
etkisi olup olmadığının kalp dokusundaki histolojik değişiklikler ve BNP
ekspresyonlarındaki değişimler ortaya konularak belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma için 80 adet
Wistar albino cinsi yetişkin erkek sıçan 8 eşit gruba ayrılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda Kontrol
ve AgNP uygulanan gruplarda sağlıklı normal bir kalp görüntüsü izlenirken, LPS
uygulanan grupta hücre çekirdeklerinde küçülme ve yapısal olarak düzensizlik görülmüştür.
LPS ile birlikte AgNP uygulanan gruplarda normale yakın görüntü izlenmiştir.
TNF-α ve BNP immünreaktivite sonuçlarının LPS grubunda kontrol grubuna göre
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde arttığı, LPS ile birlikte AgNP uygulanan
gruplarda ise artmış olan TNF-α ve BNP immünreaktivitesinin kontrol grubuna
benzer şekilde olduğu görülmüştür.
Географические особенности старения населения России
Authors: Петросян Артур Нельсонович , Шевчук Егор Игоревич , Кириллов Павел Линардович , Мозгунов Никита Александрович 
Published: July 2019

Статья посвящена поиску географических особенностей демографического старения с точки зрения экономической границы старости – возраста выхода на пенсию. Исследование основано на демографической статистике Росстата и Отдела народонаселения ООН. На основе данных, агрегированных по пространственным ячейкам различных уровней, изучены возможные связи старения населения с осуществлением мер социальной политики в сфере пенсионного регулирования. Была проверена гипотеза о зависимости между низким уровнем и высокими темпами старения населения для стран мира и субъектов Российской Федерации.
Картографический и статистический анализ пространственных данных на уровне регионов и муниципалитетов РФ позволил выделить и описать основные географические факторы дифференциации старения населения. Наиболее стремительно «стареют» национальные субъекты РФ, а также северные регионы нового освоения (автономные округа) с минимальным удельным весом лиц пенсионного возраста. В то же время до сих пор большую роль в темпах старения играет эффект демографических волн – эхо социальных потрясений XX века. На протяжении текущего столетия влияние этого процесса будет всё больше ослабевать.
На локальном уровне этническая и сельско-городская дифференциация сменяется миграционной: продолжаются процессы концентрации трудоспособного населения в крупнейших агломерациях. Основными ареалами концентрации «молодого» населения становятся региональные центры, районы компактного проживания представителей этносов с высоким суммарным коэффициентом рождаемости (СКР), а также некоторые другие территории «азонального» характера.
Многолетний анализ особенностей учета несчастных случаев на производстве в России
Authors: Тихонова Галина Ильинична , Чуранова Анастасия Николаевна 
Published: July 2019

Класс внешних причин – один из ведущих в формировании сверхсмертности мужчин трудоспособного возраста. В России велико количество травмоопасных отраслей и число погибших на производстве в результате несчастных случаев. При изучении производственного травматизма (ПТ) выделяют травматизм общий и со смертельным исходом.
Несколько десятилетий наблюдается устойчивое снижение частоты производственных травм при ухудшающихся условиях труда. В 2016 г. коэффициент ПТ составил в России 1,3 на 1000 работников, а в старых странах Европы – 7,2-34,6‰. Исходя из опыта развитых стран, для оценки вероятного общего числа пострадавших на производстве в странах с плохим учетом Международная организация труда рекомендует использовать отношение общего числа травм к 1 случаю гибели, равное 500-1000:1. Возможность использования данной характеристики для России подтвердил исторический анализ. Приближенное к современным показателям в Европе отношение регистрировалось в России в 1904-1930 гг. В 2016 г. оно составляло лишь 21:1. При рекомендуемом показателе число пострадавших на производстве в России могло составить 1,0-2,1 млн по сравнению с 39,9 тыс. официально зарегистрированных.
В Плане мероприятий по реализации третьего этапа Концепции демографической политики в РФ предусмотрено сокращение смертности в трудоспособном возрасте за счет улучшения условий и охраны труда, включающего внедрение новой системы управления охраной труда, основанной на оценке профессиональных рисков. ПТ – один из двух официальных статистических показателей состояния здоровья работающих. Массовое сокрытие несчастных случаев препятствует формированию адекватной информационной базы и принятию обоснованных управленческих решений.
Más allá del mar: la construcción del Pacífico español, Siglos XVI-XVII
Authors: Hernández-Legorreta Cutberto 
Published: July 2019

En este artículo examina las expansiones españolas entre los siglos XVI y XVII hacia “oriente” que resulto en la conquista y colonización de las islas Marianas (1668-1676) como un ejemplo de la construcción de lo que se ha intentado llamar entre los estudiosos del periodo y del proceso como “El Pacífico español” en clara referencia al “Mediterráneo romano” la narrativa se centra en los avances principalmente de carácter religioso, que corresponde a la lógica que se seguía en el período de estudio, resulta interesante explorar la dinámica que siguió la construcción de la frontera católica en las posesiones españolas del Pacífico.Uno de los objetivos es analizar cuáles fueron los cambios culturales que se produjeron a partir de los mecanismos utilizados por los misioneros jesuitas para convertir las islas Marianas al catolicismo. Se sabe que en paralelo se produjeron los primeros mártires –Diego Luis de San Vítores, Luis de Medina y Sebastián de Monroy, SJ, entre otros– ampliamente documentado aquí y en el acervo global, las nuevas tecnologías permiten el acceso a una masa de información, sin embargo, el artículo esta se fundamente en buena parte documentos originales que, si bien en ocasiones se encuentran en repositorios digitales, no es el caso para los consultados en esta ocasión.
Ein Interview mit Josef Richter
Authors: Richter Josef , Bacher Johann , Müller Werner G. 
Published: July 2019

Das Interview mit Josef Richter wurde von Johann Bacher und Werner G. M\"uller am 28.3.2019 durchgef\"uhrt.Es beleuchtet die Entwicklungen in der amtlichen und angewandten Statistik insbesondere der Input-Output Analyse und Richters Rolle in der Österreichischen Statistischen Gesellschaft und bei der Entstehung des aktuellen Statistikgesetzes. Außerdem wird auf aktuelle Debatten eingegangen und ein Ausblick für das Fach Statistik gegeben. \\
Josef Richter war von 1967 bis 2003 in der Abteilung für Statistik in der Wirtschaftskammer tätig; 1979 bis 1990 auch Konsulent des Statistischen Zentralamts für methodische Fragen der Volkswirtschaftlichen Gesamtrechnung. Seit 1983 Lehrtätigkeit an der Universität Innsbruck und an der Universität Linz. Nach 2003 freiberuflich vor allem in Projekten für Eurostat tätig, darunter auch geblockte Vorlesungen für Mitarbeiter von Eurostat. Zahlreiche Forschungsarbeiten, vor allem auf dem Gebiet der Input-Output Analyse; mehr als 100 einschlägige Publikationen. Im Zentrum seines Interesses stehen derzeit vor allem Basiskonzepte der Statistik und die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der empirischen Verankerung der Wirtschaftsforschung.
Spatiotemporal Variation of Crustal Anisotropy in the Source Area of the 2004 Niigata, Japan Earthquake
Authors: Cao Lingmin , Kao Honn , Wang Kelin , Chen Chuanxu , Mori Jim , Ohmi Shiro , Gao Yuan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe investigate the spatiotemporal pattern of crustal anisotropy in the source area of the 2004 Niigata earthquake (M 6.8) that occurred in the northern segment of the Niigata–Kobe tectonic zone, central Japan, by measuring shear‐wave splitting parameters from waveform data of local earthquakes. Our results show that the fast polarization directions in the upper crust have spatial variations across the region of the earthquake that are likely caused by both structural and stress field effects. The northwest–southeast direction near the northeastern end of the source zone (beneath station N.NGOH) and the east–west direction to the southwest (beneath station N.KWNH) are consistent with the spatial variation of the orientation of the maximum compression of the local stress field. Fast polarization directions at other stations tend to align in the directions of active faults and folds and thus are considered to be structure induced. These spatial patterns were unaffected by the earthquake. However, at two stations (N.NGOH and N.KWNH) we observe an increase in both the average and scatter of the normalized delay times (δt) during the aftershock period. In addition, two stations (HIROKA and N.YNTH) that are located in the strike‐normal direction east of the source area show an increase in the average of the normalized δt and a rotation of up to 90° of the fast direction immediately after the mainshock. We also notice that stations located very close to the source fault (DP.YMK and DP.OJK) show larger average delay times compared with stations farther away (HIROKA and N.YNTH) during the postseismic stage. To explain the temporal changes in the strength of the anisotropy, we speculate that spatiotemporal variations in microcrack development in and around the source area could be caused by static stress changes due to tectonic deformation and the earthquake rupture.
Azimuthally Dependent Seismic‐Wave Coherence at the Source Physics Experiment Large‐N Array
Authors: Darrh Andréa , Poppeliers Christian , Preston Leiph 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe document azimuthally dependent seismic scattering at the Source Physics Experiment (SPE) using the large‐N array. The large‐N array recorded the seismic wavefield produced by the SPE‐5 buried chemical explosion, which occurred in April 2016 at the Nevada National Security Site, U.S.A. By selecting a subset of vertical‐component geophones from the large‐N array, we formed 10 linear arrays, with different nominal source–receiver azimuths as well as six 2D arrays. For each linear array, we evaluate wavefield coherency as a function of frequency and interstation distance. For both the P arrival and post‐P arrivals, the coherency is higher in the northeast propagation direction, which is consistent with the strike of the steeply dipping Boundary fault adjacent to the northwest side of the large‐N array. Conventional array analysis using a suite of 2D arrays suggests that the presence of the fault may help explain the azimuthal dependence of the seismic‐wave coherency for all wave types. This fault, which separates granite from alluvium, may be acting as a vertically oriented refractor and/or waveguide.
Unsupervised Large‐Scale Search for Similar Earthquake Signals
Authors: Yoon Clara E. , Bergen Karianne J. , Rong Kexin , Elezabi Hashem , Ellsworth William L. , Beroza Gregory C. , Bailis Peter , Levis Philip 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSeismology has continuously recorded ground‐motion spanning up to decades. Blind, uninformed search for similar‐signal waveforms within this continuous data can detect small earthquakes missing from earthquake catalogs, yet doing so with naive approaches is computationally infeasible. We present results from an improved version of the Fingerprint And Similarity Thresholding (FAST) algorithm, an unsupervised data‐mining approach to earthquake detection, now available as open‐source software. We use FAST to search for small earthquakes in 6–11 yr of continuous data from 27 channels over an 11‐station local seismic network near the Diablo Canyon nuclear power plant in central California. FAST detected 4554 earthquakes in this data set, with a 7.5% false detection rate: 4134 of the detected events were previously cataloged earthquakes located across California, and 420 were new local earthquake detections with magnitudes −0.3≤ML≤2.4, of which 224 events were located near the seismic network. Although seismicity rates are low, this study confirms that nearby faults are active. This example shows how seismology can leverage recent advances in data‐mining algorithms, along with improved computing power, to extract useful additional earthquake information from long‐duration continuous data sets.
Caquetá: De Territorio de Guerra a Territorio de Paz
Authors: Casanova Farid , Higuera-Acevedo Clara Lucía 
Published: July 2019

El devenir histórico del Caquetá ha estado determinado por tres tipos básicos de poblamiento: ocupación indígena; proceso de colonización agraria, que inició con la reforma agraria (1936) de López Pumarejo, dinamizada desde 1950; y el proceso de urbanización de las últimas décadas, especialmente del piedemonte amazónico. En estas etapas de poblamiento espacial se han vinculado diversas manifestaciones violentas por el control territorial, debido a su ubicación geográfica nacional e internacional, favorable a intereses geopolíticos, económicos y espaciales para las Fuerzas Armadas estatales y los grupos armados insurgentes (FARC, M-19), por sus condiciones topográficas. Igualmente, como territorio de ocupación para la producción coquera.
Colonización, narcotráfico y guerrilla son factores de su identidad política y económica, con diversas vicisitudes en el desarrollo histórico de apropiación y control de libertades de la población caqueteña, por las acciones beligerantes del Estado en sus políticas diversas de colonización, conflicto armado, narcotráfico, deterioro ambiental y la explotación minera a expensas de las políticas económicas del gobierno de turno. Por su ubicación geográfica en la Amazonia, Caquetá es un territorio propicio y estratégico para lograr un territorio de paz.
The Immigrant as a Not-invented “Other”
Authors: Romaniszyn Krystyna 
Published: July 2019

The paper aims at discussing the problem of adaptation of newcomers who originate form distant cultures. In particular it aims at examining the cultural factor – a key dimension of the concept of the “other” that influence immigrants adaptation to the receiving society. The discussion enters into the wider phenomenon of the cultural determinants of migration and adaptation. It focuses on the encounters with the Muslim immigrants into the European Union states. The paper ends with brief notes on the migration discourses.