bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Perceptions of Self-efficacy and Quality of Life in Patients Having Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting and Their Family Caregivers
Authors: Thomson Patricia , Howie Kate , Mohan A.R.M. , Chung Misook L. 
Published: November 2018

Background
Self-efficacy is a critical factor for quality of life in patients who undergo coronary artery bypass grafting, as well as for their family caregivers. However, there is lack of knowledge about whether patients' self-efficacy and caregivers' perceptions of patient self-efficacy are associated with quality of life in patient and caregiver dyads.

Objectives
The aims of this study were to compare self-efficacy and quality of life between patients and family caregivers and to examine whether patients' and caregivers' perceptions of patient self-efficacy were associated with their own and their partner's quality of life in patient and caregiver dyads who were waiting for patients' coronary artery bypass grafting.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 84 dyads (85% male patients and 87% female caregivers) completed the Cardiac Self-efficacy Scale, which consists of self-efficacy for controlling symptoms and self-efficacy for maintaining function subscales, and the Short-Form 12 Health Survey for quality of life. Data were analyzed using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model.

Results
Caregivers rated patient self-efficacy for maintaining function higher than did patients themselves and caregivers' perceptions were positively correlated with patients' physical health. Patients' self-efficacy for maintaining function exhibited an actor effect on their own mental health. There were no other actor or partner effects of self-efficacy on quality of life.

Conclusions
Differences between patients' and caregivers' perceptions of patient self-efficacy for maintaining function should be addressed before surgery to reduce discordance. Patients' self-efficacy for maintaining function was associated with their own quality of life. There was no partner (relationship) effect of self-efficacy on quality of life. More research is needed in this area.
Posterior temporary C1-2 fixation for 3-part fractures of the axis (odontoid dens and Hangman fractures)
Authors: Yuan Suomao , Wei Bin , Tian Yonghao , Yan Jun , Xu Wanlong , Wang Lianlei , Liu Xinyu 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Case series study.
To report the clinical outcomes of posterior temporary C1-2 fixation for 3-part fracture of the axis (Type II odontoid fracture according to Grauer classification combined with Hangman fracture).
The 3-part fracture of the axis is rare and the treatment is controversy.
A total of 8 patients with 3-part fracture of the axis were included in this study. X-rays, CT, and MRI prior to surgery were used to evaluate the cervical spine injury. Grauer classification, fracture angulation, and fracture translation were used to evaluate the fracture of dens. The neck disability index (NDI) and range of neck rotary motion were used to assess the neck function.
The preoperative fracture angulation and fracture translation were 4.6 ± 1.3° and 2.4 ± 0.6 mm, respectively. The average operation time and blood loss were 109 ± 27 minutes and 49 ± 15 mL. No infection, vascular injuries or neural structure injuries was observed. All patients acquired bone healing at 5.9 ± 2.0 months. The temporary instrumentation was removed at 10.8 ± 1.3 months. The average NDI before and 2 days after removal of instrumentation were 10.1 ± 4.0 and 7.1 ± 3.0, respectively. At 1-year follow-up after instrumentation removal, the NDI was 1.8 ± 0.7, which was much better than immediate NDI after instrumentation removal. The neck rotary motion (left rotation + right rotation) before and 2-day after instrumentation removal were 70.4 ± 6.3° and 119.6 ± 13.1°, respectively. At 1-year follow-up, the average neck rotary motion was 153.1 ± 9.1°, which had significant different with rotary motion 2-day after the removal of temporary instrumentation.
With regard to the high fracture fusion rates, low complications, and excellent predictable outcomes in patients treated with posterior temporary C1-2 pedicle screw fixation, the technique may be a suitable choice for 3-part fracture of the axis.
Treatment of severe rash caused by crizotinib with both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine
Authors: Zheng Shu-Yue , Shen Wen , Peng Yan-Mei , Cui Hui-Juan , Duan Hua , Qiu Yu-Qin , Li Qiang , Zhang Jing-Yi , Sun Chen-Yao , Zhang Xu 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common pathologic pattern of lung cancer. During the past decades, a number of targeted agents have been explored to treat advanced lung adenocarcinoma. Recently, Crizotinib, the antagonist of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), has been widely used in ALK-rearranged lung cancer treatment. Crizotinib is generally well tolerated while its most frequent adverse events include visual disorders, gastrointestinal disturbances, cardiac and endocrine abnormalities. Rash caused by crizotinib is rarely seen, and there are few case reports of severe rash caused by crizotinib.

Patient concerns and diagnoses:
Here we report cases of an 81-year-old man and a 66-year-old woman with ALK-rearranged advanced lung adenocarcinoma. When patients came to our department, they both had crizotinib-induced severe rash.

Interventions:
Crizotinib was initiated as the 1st-line treatment without other therapies. We treated severe rash with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy called Zhiyang Pingfu liquid along with Western medicine. Zhiyang Pingfu liquid consists of Scutellaria baicalensis 20 g, Portulaca oleracea 30 g, Cortex Dictamni 30 g, Sophora flavescens 30 g, and other substances. Western medicine includes Minocycline hydrochloride tablets and Aprepitant capsules.

Outcomes:
Both patients achieved a partial response when treated with crizotinib, and suffered from severe rash. With Zhiyang Pingfu liquid and Western medicine, their rash gradually disappeared with no sign of cancer progression. Also the male patient did not relieve after taking only antibiotics (standard therapy) and anti-allergic medicine.

Lessons:
Despite the dramatic benefit of crizotinib for patients with ALK rearrangement, crizotinib-induced severe rash needs to be dealt with caution. This is the 1st case in which TCM and Western medicine are used to successfully treat crizotinib-induced severe rash. The mechanism of crizotinib-induced rash deserves further attention in future research.
Effect of interventional embolization treatment for hydrosalpinx on the outcome of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer
Authors: Hong Xin , Ding Wen-bin , Yuan Rui-fan , Ding Jia-yi , Jin Jie 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
To explore the effect of interventional embolization treatment for hydrosalpinx on the outcome of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET).
During the period from January 2013 to January 2015, a total of 129 patients with unilateral or bilateral hydrosalpinx were treated with IVF-ET and selected for retrospective analysis. Seventy-three patients (intervention group) with unilateral or bilateral hydrosalpinx were treated with fallopian tube embolization, which was followed by IVF-ET. During the same period, 56 patients (control group) with unilateral or bilateral hydrosalpinx directly received IVF-ET without receiving any treatment for hydrosalpinx.
The clinical pregnancy rate of the control group was significantly lower than that of the intervention group (P < .05), while the abortion rate and ectopic pregnancy rate of the control group were strikingly higher than that of the intervention group (P < .05).
Hydrosalpinx can decrease the clinical pregnancy rate of IVF-ET, and increase the incidence of abortion and ectopic pregnancy. The interventional embolization treatment for hydrosalpinx before IVF-ET can improve the clinical pregnancy rate and reduce adverse pregnancy outcome and which, with the advantages of a high success rate, convenient use, low cost, less pain, no anesthetic risk and no effect on the ovarian function it may further be developed for use in the clinic.
Primary biliary cirrhosis with refractory hypokalemia
Authors: Dong Kai-Hui , Fang Yi-Na , Wen Xiao-Yu , Jin Qing-Long 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) represents a class of metabolic disorders characterized by metabolic acidosis with a normal plasma anion gap. As a rare complication of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), RTA is easily overlooked, likely leading to misdiagnosis.

Patient concerns:
A 32-year-old woman who had been diagnosed with PBC at our hospital was found to have hypokalemia due to repeated fatigue for 2 years, and the etiology was unknown.

Diagnoses:
Due to the laboratory test results, radiographic findings, and pathologic results, she was diagnosed with PBC associated with RTA.

Interventions:
She was then treated with ursodeoxycholic acid, potassium citrate, and calcium supplements together with activated vitamin D.

Outcomes:
Thus far, the patient showed a good response to ursodeoxycholic acid, and the clinical symptoms and liver function were significantly improved.

Lessons:
Physicians that encounter refractory hypokalemia in a patient with PBC should be aware of the presence of RTA. The early diagnosis and treatment of such patients are of paramount importance to alleviate clinical symptoms and delay disease progression.
Comparison of big funnel and individualized stents for management of stomach cancer with gastric outlet obstruction
Authors: Shi Ding , Liu Jianping , Hu Xujun , Liu Yongpan , Ji Feng , Bao Yinsu , Guo Daxin 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background:
Previous studies reported a similar rate of complications, including stent migration and obstruction, between individualized stents and the standard uncovered stents in gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) caused by distal stomach cancer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of funnel stents for management of GOO caused by distal stomach cancer.

Methods:
This study was designed as a multicenter, controlled, prospective, and randomized clinical trial involving 4 hospitals. The individualized stent group (44 cases) received cup and funnel covered stents, and the funnel group (44 cases) received only funnel covered stents for management of GOO caused by distal gastric cancer.

Results:
All patients with GOO were treated with cup and funnel stents according to their assigned groups. The rate of GOO resolution was 100% in the funnel group and 97.7% in the individualized stent group. Stent obstruction caused by tumor ingrowth was observed in 1 patient in the individualized stent group, and proximal partial stent migration was observed in 1 patient in each group. Stent obstruction caused by tumor ingrowth was observed in 1 patient in the individualized stent group. There was no statistical difference in stent migration, obstruction, and survival between groups.

Conclusion:
Big funnel stents and individualized stents resulted in similar shaping effect and prevention of stent migration and obstruction, suggesting that funnel shaped stents can be used to treat cup or funnel shaped GOO caused by distal stomach cancer.
The role of cognitive rehabilitation in limbic encephalitis
Authors: Corallo Francesco , Lo Buono Viviana , Di Cara Marcella , De Salvo Simona , Formica Caterina , Morabito Rosa , Floridia Daniela , Pastura Concetta , Rifici Carmela , D’Aleo Giangaetano , Sessa Edoardo , Bramanti Placido , Marino Silvia 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Limbic encephalitis is a parenchymal inflammation caused by viral, bacterial, or other microbial and postinfectious agents, which is usually expressed by multifocal neurological signs and cognitive impairment.

Patient concerns:
A 50-year-old female was admitted in postacute phase, at our rehabilitative Center, to undertake neuro-motor treatment for a period of 4 months.

Diagnoses:
The patient was affected by limbic encephalitis. Clinical presentation revealed attention, memory and executive dysfunctions, as well as behavioral changes, emotional dysregulation and reduction of self-awareness.

Interventions:
The patients received an intensive cognitive and motor rehabilitation training.

Outcomes:
Neuropsychological assessment and magnetic resonance imaging were performed before and after rehabilitative training to evaluate the cognitive and cerebral changes induced by treatment. The patient showed an improvement in cognitive performances and behavioral aspects.

Lessons:
The reducing cognitive deficits, especially memory deficits, could improve quality of life by using available cognitive resources.
Mesalazine-related lung disease in a patient with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Huang Po-Han , Kuo Chia-Jung , Lin Chang-Wei , Cheng Yu-Ming , Hu Han-Chung , Lin Chun-Yen , Su Ming-Yao , Chiu Cheng-Tang 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Mesalazine is widely used to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, discriminating between pulmonary manifestations of IBD and drug-related lung disease remains a challenge. There were few case reports of mesalazine-related organizing pneumonia so far.

Patient concerns:
A 75-year-old female was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis and took mesalazine over a period of 2 years and 8 months. She presented with progressive shortness of breath for 3 days and visited our emergency department. Chest radiography showed increased bilateral infiltrates. During hospitalization her clinical condition deteriorated, and she was transferred to our intensive care unit under noninvasive ventilator support.

Diagnosis:
Computed tomography (CT) scan showed diffuse peribronchial and subpleural consolidations in bilateral lungs. Possible etiologies of interstitial lung disease were surveyed, including various infectious diseases and connective tissue diseases. Transbronchial lung biopsy showed characteristic features of organizing pneumonia.

Interventions:
Under the consideration of mesalazine-related lung disease, mesalazine was discontinued early in disease course and steroid therapy was given.

Outcomes:
The patient was discharged from hospital with improved clinical symptoms and radiographic images.

Lessons:
Although this patient suffered a life-threatening adverse event, prompt diagnosis with proper management can result in a favorable outcome.
Investigating the characteristics of echocardiogram, surgical treatment, chromosome and prognosis for fetal right heart enlargement
Authors: Liu Lin , Wang Hong-dan , Cui Cun-ying , Yao Hui-mei , Huang Lei , Li Tao , Fan Tai-bing , Peng Bang-tian , Zhang Lian-zhong 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The prognosis of right heart enlargement varies according to different etiologies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of echocardiogram, surgical treatment, chromosome and prognosis for fetal right heart enlargement.
The foetal echocardiogram was performed on 3987 pregnant women, and then 88 fetuses with right heart enlargement were identified. The data about prenatal and postnatal echocardiograms, postnatal cardiac surgical treatment, karyotype analysis and autopsy after induced labor were analyzed in the 88 fetuses.
Except the 1111 cases that had loss of follow-up, 2876 cases had complete data. Among the 2876 cases, right heart enlargement was identified in 88 fetuses. Of the 88 fetuses, 15 had total atrioventricular septal defect (unbalanced type: right ventricular dominance), 15 Ebstein's anomaly, 18 fallot tetrad, 14 double outlet right ventricle, 13 total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage, and 13 premature closure of ductus arteriosus. Chromosomal abnormality was found in 12 cases.
There are many etiological factors causing right heart enlargement. The prognosis is better in the fetuses with single heart malformation than in the fetuses who have extracardiac malformation or/and chromosomal abnormality besides heart malformation. Fetal echocardiography combined with karyotype analysis can provide important bases for evaluating the prognosis of fetuses with right heart enlargement.
Adult Langerhans’ cell histiocytosis with multisystem involvement
Authors: Kim Seung Soo , Hong Soon Auck , Shin Hyeong Cheol , Hwang Jeong Ah , Jou Sung Shick , Choi Seo-Youn 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Langerhans’ cell histiocytosis (LCH), also called histiocytosis X, is an uncommon disorder manifesting in a variety of ways. Although LCH can involve various organs including bone, skin, and lymph nodes, multisystem involvement of LCH is rare in adults.

Patient concerns:
A 31-year-old woman first presented to our hospital with left leg pain. She had a history of a 20-kg weight gain over three months.

Diagnoses:
X-ray, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and bone scan images revealed enhancing lesions in the left femur and right temporal bone, multiple cystic lesions in the lung, enhancing mass in the pituitary stalk, and fat density lesions in the liver. The patient underwent excisional biopsy for the femoral lesion and histologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of LCH.

Interventions:
Excisional biopsy was performed for the bony lesion in the left femur. She received chemotherapy with vinblastine and prednisolone.

Outcomes:
The patient expired after 21 months from initial admission following recurrent episodes of pneumothorax, pneumonia, and sepsis.

Lessons:
Our case showed LCH involvement in bone, lung, central nervous system (CNS), and liver. Although it is occasionally difficult to discriminate LCH from other disorders, systemic evaluation might be helpful for differential diagnosis. Familiarity with the various multisystemic involvements of LCH on imaging is vital for diagnosing and managing patients in daily practice.
Modified double-stent strategy may be an optimal choice for coronary bifurcation lesions
Authors: Lv Yong-Hui , Guo Chen , Li Min , Zhang Ming-Bo , Wang Zhi-Lu 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background and objective:
The modified double-stent and provisional stenting strategies have been widely used in patients with coronary bifurcation lesions, but what is the optimization has not been clearly defined. This meta-analysis is to elucidate the benefits from modified double-stent and provisional stenting strategies in patients with coronary bifurcation lesions.

Methods:
Electronic databases were searched to identify studies comparing the modified double-stent and provisional stenting strategies in patients with coronary bifurcation lesions. The clinical outcomes were divided into early (≤6 months) and late (>6 months) events according to the follow-up duration. The early endpoints included cardiac death, myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularization or target vessel revascularization, and major adverse cardiac events (MACE), and the late endpoints also include stent thrombosis in addition to the early endpoints index. The angiographic endpoint was in-stent restenosis. Data were analyzed by the statistical software RevMan (version 5.3).

Results:
A total of 6 studies involving 1683 patients with coronary bifurcation lesions were included in this meta-analysis, which found that the modified double-stent strategy was associated with a lower risk of cardiac death (odds ratio [OR] = 0.29, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 0.11–0.78, P = .01), myocardial infarction (OR = 0.41, 95% CI 0.21–0.82, P = .01), target lesion revascularization or target vessel revascularization (OR = 0.31, 95% CI 0.15–0.63, P = .001), and MACE (OR = 0.41, 95% CI 0.22–0.74, P = .003) compared with provisional stenting in the early follow-up endpoint events, while the risk of cardiac death and stent thrombosis were similar between both strategies (OR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.31–1.10, P = .09; and OR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.34–1.15, P = .13; respectively) in the late follow-up endpoint events. There were significant differences between both strategies in myocardial infarction (OR = 0.42, 95% CI 0.24–0.75, P = .003), MACE (OR = 0.44, 95% CI 0.31–0.62, P
< .00001), and target lesion revascularization or target vessel revascularization (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.25–0.49, P
< .00001) between both strategies in the late follow-up endpoint events. The risk of in-stent restenosis favored the modified double-stent strategy (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.20–0.43, P
< .00001).

Conclusion:
The modified double-stent strategy is associated with excellent clinical and angiographic outcomes except for the occurrence of cardiac death and stent thrombosis late-term outcome compared with provisional stenting strategy in patients with coronary bifurcation lesions. These findings suggest that the modified double-stent strategy can be recommended as an optimization in patients with coronary bifurcation lesions.
Effects of switching ticagrelor to clopidogrel on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Liu Lin , Liao Huocheng , Zhong Sigan , Liu Yan , Xiao Chun 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Present study was to evaluate whether switching ticagrelor to clopidogrel would impact platelet reactivity and cardiovascular outcomes in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
A total of 202 ACS patients after PCI were enrolled and prescribed ticagrelor. Before discharge, 138 (68%) patients were switched to clopidogrel. Peripheral blood was obtained before switching and at 48 hours after switching to measure platelet reactivity. Patients were followed for 30 days to evaluate cardiovascular events.
Compared to ticagrelor group, patients in clopidogrel group were more likely to be male (69.6% vs 65.6%), smokers (34.1% vs 31.3%) and had higher prevalence of hypertension (75.4% vs 71.9%). The frequency of right coronary artery lesion was significantly higher in ticagrelor group (34.4% vs 30.4%). There were no significant differences in baseline platelet reactivity (37.6 ± 5.2% vs 38.4 ± 4.9%). Forty-eight hours after switching to clopidogrel, platelet reactivity in clopidogrel group was significantly higher (46.3 ± 5.6% vs 38.1 ± 5.0%, P <.05). Patients in clopidogrel group had significantly higher incidence of cardiovascular events (3.6% vs 1.6%, P <.05). However, after further adjusted for platelet reactivity at 48 hours of switching, clopidogrel switching was not significantly associated with composite outcomes, with hazard ratio 1.08 (95% confidence interval 0.98–1.21, P = .063), indicating that platelet reactivity was a critical mediator between antiplatelet drug switching and cardiovascular outcomes.
ACS patients after PCI treatment, early switching ticagrelor to clopidogrel results in increased platelet reactivity and higher incidence of short-term cardiovascular events.