bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le Grand Jeu : drogues et littérature
Authors: Retaillaud-Bajac Emmanuelle 
Published: February 2018

En 1924, à Reims, de jeunes camarades de lycée fondent un groupe d'inspiration surréaliste qui, à partir de 1927, débouchera sur la revue Le Grand Jeu. René Daumal, Roger Gilbert-Lecomte et leurs amis font précocement l'expérience de diverses drogues, tout d'abord par curiosité intellectuelle et par volonté de rompre avec une terne existence provinciale, mais en inscrivant également leur recherche dans une véritable quête métaphysique. Les drogues leur permettent d'explorer certains états-limites de la conscience et de s'aventurer aux lisières de la mort. Roger Gilbert-Lecomte, lui, franchit le pas. Toxicomane incurable tout au long de sa vie, il trouve dans les stupéfiants un palliatif à une douleur existentielle très profonde dont Monsieur Morphée, empoisonneur public, se fait l'écho. L'expérience tentée par les membres du Grand Jeu avec les psychotropes témoigne aussi du rôle essentiel de la drogue au sein d'une certaine frange de l'avant-garde littéraire et artistique au XXème siècle, à la fois comme signe extérieur d'une existence différente et comme volonté réelle de tester les limites de la condition humaine.
Images de la toxicomanie dans la bande dessinée
Authors: Régnier Christian 
Published: February 2018

Pour des raisons évidentes de moralité publique, la drogue a longtemps été absente de la bande dessinée. Tout au plus évoquait-on l'opium pour ajouter une touche d'exotisme au récit et dénoncer les puissants réseaux internationaux de trafiquants. A la fin des années Soixante, le courant underground venu des États-Unis donne naissance à une B.D. révolutionnaire, contestataire et militante. Avec l'effondrement des tabous, tous les aspects de la toxicomanie font irruption dans les albums. La drogue devient alors une « simple expérience ». Aujourd'hui, on ne plaisante plus avec la toxicomanie. La période n'est plus à la dérision mais à la dramatisation. Les organismes de prévention ont souvent récupéré la B.D. pour sensibiliser les jeunes aux problèmes de la drogue mais aussi du Sida.
Ouverture à l’expérience, engagement et intention de quitter : l’effet modérateur des opportunités de carrière
Authors: Robert Véronique , Vandenberghe Christian 
Published: February 2018

Cet article présente une étude examinant les relations entre l’ouverture à l’expérience, les dimensions de l’engagement organisationnel et l’intention de quitter, et explore le rôle modérateur potentiel des opportunités de carrière et de déve­loppement. L’engagement affectif médiatise un lien négatif entre l’ouverture aux expériences et l’intention de quitter alors que le lien indirect entre l’ouverture aux expériences et l’intention de quitter par l’intermédiaire de l’engagement par sacrifices perçus est plus négatif lorsque les opportunités de carrière sont élevées. Cette étude montre notamment que le rôle de l’ouverture à l’expérience dans l’intention de quitter dépend du contexte dans lequel les employés évoluent.
Le carrefour thérapeutique : médecine, techniques et pouvoirs dans l’Europe moderne
Authors: Rabier Christelle 
Published: February 2018

Les travaux récents en histoire de la médecine construisent un « carrefour thérapeutique » qui renouvelle l’histoire des techniques de l’Europe moderne. S’y croisent des perspectives nouvelles sur la commercialisation et sur l’appropriation de nouveaux ingrédients et de savoir-faire nouveaux dans la materia medica européenne, qui en retour transforment les théories médicales. Le point de vue technique conduit à réexaminer la périodisation, les lieux et les acteurs de la médicalisation.
L’École d’ingénierie scénique de Giulio Parigi (1608-1680)
Authors: Tkaczyk Viktoria 
Published: February 2018

Cet article s’intéresse à la toute première « école d’ingénierie scénique », fondée au xviie siècle à Florence par Giulio Parigi, et à la diffusion du savoir qui en résulta parmi les artistes de cour européens. Il montre comment, depuis le xve et le xvie siècles, les ingénieurs scénographes ont transmis leurs connaissances au-delà des seules publications, et retrace l’apparition d’écoles dédiées à l’« ingénierie scénique » et la parution des premiers manuels et collections de dessins de machines. Avec ce changement, l’ingénierie scénique acquit de nouvelles valeurs épistémiques.
La Salle des produits anglais du Conservatoire des arts et métiers ou la technologie oubliée
Authors: Corcy Marie-Sophie , Hilaire-Pérez Liliane 
Published: February 2018

Le Musée des arts et métiers (Paris) conserve une quarantaine d’objets provenant de la mission secrète organisée, en 1819, en Angleterre, pour rapporter au Conservatoire des arts et métiers des échantillons de produits manufacturés. Cette collection, présentée au Conservatoire à l’occasion de la cinquième exposition des produits de l’industrie française, a vite été oubliée. Elle renvoie pourtant aux tentatives mises en œuvre, après le traité de 1815, par les personnalités les plus influentes du monde économique, parmi lesquelles le duc de La Rochefoucauld-Liancourt (1747-1827), pour supporter la rivalité avec l’industrie anglaise.L’étude des « produits anglais » nous autorise ainsi à proposer une autre histoire de l’industrie anglaise et de ses représentations, au prisme de l’économie du produit, fondée sur l’essor des consommations. La collection des produits anglais révèle autant une image de l’Angleterre irréductible à la seule mécanisation que la pluralité de sens donnés à la technique et à la technologie au Conservatoire des arts et métiers. Cette étude montre comment la recherche historique sur les collections constitue une voie majeure pour l’histoire de la technologie.
Le patrimoine historique des télécommunications françaises : de l’« archive » matérielle à la profusion immatérielle
Authors: Atten Michel 
Published: February 2018

L’article propose de retracer la constitution, sur un temps long (deux siècles), d’une belle collection d’objets constitutifs des réseaux de télécommunications, contribution majeure au patrimoine national français de ce secteur. Elle est récente car, longtemps, l’idée ou le geste de conserver des objets techniques, des machines ayant permis de communiquer à distance n’a tenu qu’au hasard, à des individualités, voire à des lieux où l’on stocke les matériels obsolètes. Le seul dépôt notable auprès du Conservatoire des arts et métiers est lié à l’invention, non à la volonté de conserver la mémoire des moyens de communication.Au début des années 1970, naît, à l’initiative d’ingénieurs, une démarche de collecte d’objets techniques utilisés dans les télécommunications. Marquant un besoin de mémoire, d’identité en des temps de profonde mutation de l’entreprise, elle s’inscrit également dans un mouvement large d’essor des préoccupations patrimoniales. La professionnalisation de l’équipe, depuis la fin des années 1990, permet l’enrichissement et le traitement des collections, mais elle ne convaincra pas les historiens de considérer les objets techniques comme une ressource, une « archive » permettant d’enrichir l’histoire.
Bulk and molecular-level characterization of laboratory-aged biomass burning organic aerosol from oak leaf and heartwood fuels
Authors: Fortenberry Claire F. , Walker Michael J. , Zhang Yaping , Mitroo Dhruv , Brune William H. , Williams Brent J. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract. The chemical complexity of biomass burning organic aerosol (BBOA) greatly
increases with photochemical aging in the atmosphere, necessitating
controlled laboratory studies to inform field observations. In these
experiments, BBOA from American white oak (Quercus alba) leaf and
heartwood samples was generated in a custom-built emissions and combustion
chamber and photochemically aged in a potential aerosol mass (PAM) flow
reactor. A thermal desorption aerosol gas chromatograph (TAG) was used in
parallel with a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer
(AMS) to analyze BBOA chemical composition at different levels of
photochemical aging. Individual compounds were identified and integrated to
obtain relative decay rates for key molecules. A recently developed
chromatogram binning positive matrix factorization (PMF) technique was used
to obtain mass spectral profiles for factors in TAG BBOA chromatograms,
improving analysis efficiency and providing a more complete determination of
unresolved complex mixture (UCM) components. Additionally, the recently
characterized TAG decomposition window was used to track molecular fragments
created by the decomposition of thermally labile BBOA during sample
desorption. We demonstrate that although most primary (freshly emitted) BBOA
compounds deplete with photochemical aging, certain components eluting within
the TAG thermal decomposition window are instead enhanced. Specifically, the
increasing trend in the decomposition m∕z 44 signal (CO2+)
indicates formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in the PAM reactor.
Sources of m∕z 60 (C2H4O2+), typically attributed to
freshly emitted BBOA in AMS field measurements, were also investigated. From
the TAG chemical speciation and decomposition window data, we observed a
decrease in m∕z 60 with photochemical aging due to the decay of
anhydrosugars (including levoglucosan) and other compounds, as well as an
increase in m∕z 60 due to the formation of thermally labile organic acids
within the PAM reactor, which decompose during TAG sample desorption. When
aging both types of BBOA (leaf and heartwood), the AMS data exhibit a
combination of these two contributing effects, causing limited change to the
overall m∕z 60 signal. Our observations demonstrate the importance of
chemically speciated data in fully understanding bulk aerosol measurements
provided by the AMS in both laboratory and field studies.
Editorial - Plain Packaging Special issue
Authors: Roxon The Honourable Nicola 
Published: February 2018

It gives me great pleasure to write a forward on this topic at a time when there is such a groundswell of international support for plain packaging of tobacco products. World No Tobacco today in 2016 had as its tag line “Get ready for plain packaging” and the world’s health ministers are doing just that.When Australia became the first country in the world to remove all colours and logos on tobacco packs in 2011 – recognising their allure to young new smokers – the tobacco industry tried every move in their book to stop us. Lobbying, donations, advertising campaigns, threats, dodgy research, front groups, overblown claims and legal action dominated our political debate for two years. When all these local manoeuvres failed, the industry switched its effort to ensuring we were the only country to take this step. Writing in November 2016, it is clear that those efforts, both local and international, have manifestly failed. Country after country – France, the UK, Ireland, Canada, Norway, New Zealand – are implementing plain packaging, passing their laws or consulting with the community before introduction and many more countries will move this way in the coming months and years.Plain packaging of tobacco products is now truly an international movement. It is an epidemic of the best sort, as countries catch on to its value, purpose and ease of implementation. We will now see its introduction spread like wildfire around the world.
From the Calendas to the Calenda: On the Afro-Iberian Substratum in Black Performance Culture in the Americas
Authors: Dewulf Jeroen 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This article presents a new theory on the origin of the calenda (also known as calinda, colinda, corlinda, and caringa) by analyzing the term from an Iberian perspective. It claims that the term should not be understood as a type of dance or song, but as a festive period in the Iberian calendar. It explains the calenda with reference to an Afro-Iberian substratum in Black performance culture in the Americas and highlights the role of brotherhoods.
The Road from Paradise: The Kresowianie on the Trail to Rediscover Poland, 1944–1946
Authors: Kwiecień Michał 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This article examines postwar repatriations of Polish citizens from the Lviv1 region, a territory in southeastern Poland (presently in western Ukraine) incorporated into the Soviet Union during World War II. The war that historians neatly consign to the familiar time brackets of 1939–1945 did not end with Germany’s collapse. The unspeakable confrontation that decimated and uprooted millions of Europeans continued under the guise of postwar forced migrations, repatriations, and population transfers. Indeed, relocation and displacement provided fundamental building blocks in the Polish communist effort of reconstructing Poland. Building a Polish nation-state impelled the new regime to identify and claim Polish inhabitants of the so-called kresy, Poland’s former eastern provinces ceded to the Soviet Union. Migrations of Poles to the territories that Poland acquired from the defeated Nazi state, comprised critical moments in the emergence of new Polish communities in former German lands. These repatriates considered relocation as an opportunity to escape a cherished homeland now under the domination of a foreign and detested power. This article, thus, explores the wider cultural context in which Polish women and children assigned meaning to their traumatic experiences. The meanings that these eastern Poles (kresowianie) attached to the conditions at embarkation points and on dirt and pathogen-infested transports are crucial to understanding how the experience of repatriation reshaped postwar Polish identities. Indeed, this study addresses pivotal questions for the understanding of post-1945 Eastern Europe: what was the role of mass population movements in the reconstruction of war-torn societies? How did displaced people start new lives in adverse and unpredictable circumstances? Most importantly, how did the new communist authorities and migrants from the kresy renegotiate the meaning of resettlement and the postwar national community in general?
Forgotten Childhood
Authors: Batorska Danuta 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe idyllic early years of the author’s childhood were shattered by World War II. The proximity of Nadleśnictwo Nikor residence to the Belarussian village endangered her family’s lives until their deportation to the Soviet Union in February 1940. Once in the Ural region they inexplicably managed to survive, as well as later in Kazakhstan. Their miraculous arrival in Persia in 1942 was followed by the hazardous crossing of the Pacific Ocean in 1943 on their journey to Mexico. Finally, in 1951 the author entered the United States as a refugee, became a citizen and made her home in the United States.
Experimenting with Comics Making as Inquiry
Authors: Flowers Ebony 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
I illustrate my comics making approach for the extension of multimodal analysis (MMA) in ethnographic education research. Comics making impacted how I designed my study, generated multimodal data, conducted analysis, and share work to broader academic audiences. I present two examples drawn from my ethnography of an image-based lab’s graduate course to show how comics making (1) foregrounded corporeal responsiveness over time; (2) unified the visual and textual with body-sensory perception; (3) emphasized movement, affect, and empathy; and (4) enabled the use of multimodal data generated by research participants and myself. I also provide resources for scholars who are interested in making comics for their research.
The Polyptych Methodology and New Histories in Art Education: Charting a Legacy of Stories From Central Technical School, 1896–2014
Authors: Garnet Dustin 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe art education program at Central Technical School (CTS) in Toronto, Canada, is so vast in terms of longevity and curriculum that it will never be documented in its totality. My research on this institution of applied and fine art does not provide a definitive story of the past, but a reflexive history self consciously produced: selected, ordered, and interpreted to make sense of the oral histories, archival sources, and material culture of students and teachers viewed through a postmodern lens. In the following invited article, I have not attempted to summarize my qualitative dissertation; instead, I peel back the layers of stories that form my program of research to focus in on the theoretical and methodological foundations supporting my new history of art education.
Les luttes de clocher en droit comparé
Authors: Resta Giorgio 
Published: February 2018

Depuis la genèse du « comparatisme », attitude caractéristique du XIXe siècle, plusieurs disciplines scientifiques ont affirmées leur identité « comparative ». Toutefois, dans la plupart de ces disciplines la comparaison a été comprise et appliquée selon plusieurs variantes. Les différentes manières de comparer prennent alors la forme de « méthodes », chose qui génère inévitablement la controverse, en donnant lieu parfois à des « luttes de clocher ». Le cas du droit comparé est particulièrement intéressant. Depuis son apparition, cette discipline n’a jamais suivi une seule méthode, et cela, pour la simple raison qu’il n’a jamais eu un seul projet intellectuel sous-jacent et a servi plusieurs « clients ». En bref, il n’y a jamais eu de droit comparé, mais seulement plusieurs comparatismes. Ce texte propose un petit exercice d’« archéologie » de la comparaison juridique, en suivant quelques traces laissées par le passé, qui conditionnent toujours notre compréhension et notre exercice de la discipline. La prémisse de départ est que, si l’on veut réfléchir aux défis contemporains, il faudrait commencer par « historiciser » attentivement l’entreprise du droit comparé et les « combats pour la méthode » qui l’ont caractérisée, de façon à mieux comprendre ses transformations à travers le temps, ses réalisations et ses limites inhérentes.
Theory for Deducing Volcanic Activity From Size Distributions in Plinian Pyroclastic Fall Deposits
Authors: Iriyama Yu , Toramaru Atsushi , Yamamoto Tetsuo 
Published: February 2018

AbstractStratigraphic variation in the grain size distribution (GSD) of plinian pyroclastic fall deposits reflects volcanic activity. To extract information on volcanic activity from the analyses of deposits, we propose a one‐dimensional theory that provides a formula connecting the sediment GSD to the source GSD. As the simplest case, we develop a constant‐source model (CS model), in which the source GSD and the source height are constant during the duration of release of particles. We assume power laws of particle radii for the terminal fall velocity and the source GSD. The CS model can describe an overall (i.e., entire vertically variable) feature of the GSD structure of the sediment. It is shown that the GSD structure is characterized by three parameters, that is, the duration of supply of particles to the source scaled by the fall time of the largest particle, ts/tM, and the power indices of the terminal fall velocity p and of the source GSD q. We apply the CS model to samples of the Worzel D ash layer and compare the sediment GSD structure calculated by using the CS model to the observed structure. The results show that the CS model reproduces the overall structure of the observed GSD. We estimate the duration of the eruption and the q value of the source GSD. Furthermore, a careful comparison of the observed and calculated GSDs reveals new interpretation of the original sediment GSD structure of the Worzel D ash layer.
Low‐Frequency Oceanographic Variability Near Flemish Cap and Sackville Spur
Authors: Layton Chantelle , Greenan Blair J. W. , Hebert Dave , Kelley Dan E. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTo address a need for science‐based advice on issues of resource exploration, two oceanographic moorings were placed on the abyssal slope of northwest Flemish Cap from July 2013 to July 2014. These yielded some of the first long‐term moored measurements of velocity, temperature, and salinity in the region. Hydrographic and lowered‐ADCP measurements made during mooring deployment and recovery reveal that the deep Labrador Current flows approximately along isobaths between water depths of 1,200 and 2,200 m. However, these snapshots differ significantly, with stronger currents observed during the deployment survey. The mooring data, obtained near the 1,500 m isobath, reveal a complex temporal variation of the current. The velocity spectrum is dominated by a peak at a period of approximately 21 days, with power increasing with depth in the water column and varying through the year. In other boundary‐current studies, variations in the several‐week band have been attributed to baroclinic topographic Rossby waves, but with just two widely spaced moorings, we cannot infer the wave number and test for such waves using the dispersion relationship. However, an indirect estimate of wave number can be made by examining the variation of spectral power with depth, and doing this yields results that are reasonably consistent with a linear theory of baroclinic topographic Rossby waves for water of constant stratification over a planar slope. This agreement is somewhat surprising, given the simplicity of the theory and the complexity of the domain, but it appears to offer a clear indication of the importance of baroclinic vorticity dynamics in this region.
Seasonal Atmospheric Argon Variability Measured in the Equatorial Region of Mars by the Mars Exploration Rover Alpha Particle X‐Ray Spectrometers: Evidence for an Annual Argon‐Enriched Front
Authors: VanBommel S. J. , Gellert R. , Clark B. C. , Ming D. W. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity (MER‐B) has been exploring the surface of Mars since landing in 2004. Its Alpha Particle X‐ray Spectrometer (APXS) is primarily used to interrogate the chemical composition of rocks and soil samples in situ. Additionally, the APXS has measured the atmosphere of Mars with a regular cadence, monitoring the change in relative atmospheric argon density. Atmospheric measurements with the MER‐B APXS span over six Mars years providing an unprecedented level of statistics for careful study of the ubiquitous APXS spectral background. Several models were applied to high‐frequency long‐duration Spirit rover atmospheric APXS measurements. The most stable model with the least uncertainty was applied to the MER‐B data set. Seasonal variation of 10–15% in equatorial atmospheric argon density was observed ‐ in agreement with existing literature and global climate models. Unseen in previous work and global climate models, an abrupt deviation from the model‐predicted annual mixing ratio was measured by the MER‐B APXS around Ls 150. The sharp change, ~10% over 10° Ls, provides strong evidence for a northward migrating front, enriched in argon, sourced from the south pole at the end of southern winter. A similar weaker front is possibly observed around Ls 325, sourced from the northern polar region.