bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L'expression minéralogique du phosphore dans les leucogranites. Apport à la métallogénie de l'étain-tungstène. Cas de la mine de Ribeira (Tras os Montes, Portugal)
Authors: Adam Daniel , Gagny Claude 
Published: March 2019

L'endogranite à stockscheider de la mine d'étain tungstène de Ribeira présente un phénomène d'expression tardimagmatique de phosphates. Il s'agit principalement d'alluaudite et d'éosphorite qui remplacent les silicates.
Dans les leucogranites évolués, le phosphore s'exprime soit de façon précoce, avec la cristallisation d'apatite, ou alors tardivement. Cette étude permet de relier l'ordre d'apparition des phosphates dans un magma silicaté à sa teneur en éléments volatils. Une teneur élevée induit une dépolymérisation du liquide silicaté qui permet au P2O5 de rester en solution dans la phase résiduelle.
Les filons à cassitérite et wolframite exploités par la mine présentent, par endroits, une importante paragenèse phosphatée. Celle-ci a été étudiée en lame mince et les analyses des différents minéraux ont été effectuées à la microsonde électronique. Les phosphates sont représentés par deux générations de triplite, de l'isokite, de la fluorapatite et de la triploïdite. En raison du manque d'évidences de circulations hydrothermales importantes, l'évolution de cette paragenèse est envisagée en milieu clos.
Les minéralisations Sn-W sont liées à l'enrichissement en éléments volatils. L'influence démontrée de ces derniers sur l'apparition tardive des phosphates permet d'expliquer leur présence relativement fréquente dans les filons à cassitérite et/ou wolframite. Les relations observées entre les paragenèses phosphatées de l'endogranite et celles des filons minéralisés conduisent à proposer la concentration des métaux et la formation des filons lors d'une étape magmatique.
En conclusion, les liens établis entre paragenèse phosphatée et minéralisations soulignent l'intérêt pratique d'une étude des phosphates pour la prospection des coupoles granitiques à haute spécialisation métallogénique (Sn-W-Li-F) et leur exploitation.
À propos du colophon d’un musḥaf harari du XIXᵉ siècle / About the colophon of a 19ᵗʰ century Harari musḥaf
Authors: Faü Jean-François 
Published: March 2019

About the colophon of a 19th century Harari musḥaf.
This colophon of a Harari manuscript had been copied in duplicate and got in Harar and in Alexandria. It shows a donation in favor of a mosque of this town of Harar.
Les grottes à stromatolithes du Sud Gabon : des sites paléontologiques exceptionnels (province de la Ngounié)
Authors: Peyrot Bernard , Oslisly R 
Published: March 2019

Caves with stromatolites of South Gabon ; exceptional paleontological sites (Ngounie Province)
Although the presence of stromatolitic constructions was mentioned in the schisto-limestone series of the Neoproterozoic syncline of Niari-Nyanga by old geological investigations, it is very difficult to observe them in nature. However, in some caves of the Ngounie province, dug in the dolomitic formations, there exist splendid outcrops of giant stromatolite colonies of the Conophyton kind. This is the case in the caves of Ntsona, Diengui and Ndoungou, where the outcrops appear in walls and also form the ceilings of the passages. In the cave of Ntsona, the superposition of two layers, separated by a dolomitic bed, brings precise data for a paleoenvironmental approach. The exceptional importance of these stromatolithe constructions militates for their conservation and the inscription into the sites on the indicative list of the World Heritage.
Formes pseudokarstiques dans le grès du flysch éocène côtier en Guipúzcoa (Pays basque espagnol)
Authors: Galan Carlos , Rivas José , Nieto Marian 
Published: March 2019

Pseudokarst in sandstone of the coastal eocene flysch, Guipúzcoa
We present a description of pseudokarst forms developed in sandstone of Eocene age, located in the littoral of the Guipuzcoa Coast (Basque Country, Spain).
Some of them present pseudokarst features resembling karst phenomena in limestone, quartzite and sandstone ; others are original and typical of this lithology. In the area, there are several rock shelters and cave systems with numerous macro-and microforms of remarkable traits. Chemical weathering, eolian and marine erosion, breakdown processes and biological activity are the agents which produce such features. The weathering transforms the solid rock into incoherent blocks by progressive alteration of the sandstone, a process comparable to quartzite karst formation. The caves present underground biotopes with a peculiar invertebrate cave-dwelling fauna.
Le domaine souterrain karstique du Lot et son importance réelle : essai de spéléométrie
Authors: Obereiner Jean-Luc 
Published: March 2019

The underground karst of the Lot and its real importance : speleometric approach.
It sometimes seems that the «speleological » underground domain -natural caves that can be entered by humans -is unlimited, but reality is different Even when considering the upper limits of karstification, and taking into account the large number of openings (caves and springs), the total of cave length and surface (as well as volume) is really small compared with the total karstic area of the Lot department (France).
This constatation must lead to a strong protection of the underground karst areas, because it contains added value in social, economic, and cultural affairs.
Multi-traçage de la Fontaine de Nîmes
Authors: Marechal Jean-Christophe , Courtois Nathalie , Jouanen Gilbert , Meus Philippe 
Published: March 2019

Multi-tracing of Fontaine de Nîmes.
The main outlet of the Nimes karst system is the Fontaine de Nimes spring. In the past, several tracing experiments have identified relationships between points supposed to be part of the recharge area of the system and the Fontaine de Nimes spring. Nevertheless, these tracing experiments suffered from a lack of breakthrough curves. In this paper, the results of a multi-tracing test realized in March 2006 from four injection points are described. The monitoring network of this experiment has been designed in order to characterize the respective roles of the three karst conduits (west karst conduit, north karst conduit and Galerie des Poteries) leading to the main spring. The major results are following : (i) all the dye tracers have been identified at the Fontaine de Nimes spring (ii) the west karst conduit plays a major role in the drainage of the recharge area of the karst system (iii) no dye tracer has been identified on the north karst conduit (iv) the discharge rate into the Galerie des Poteries, measured by dilution of salt upstream injected, is less than 50 l/min, the recharge area of this conduit is geographically very limited. We can notice that well-structured breakthrough curves have been obtained for three of the four tracers.
L'apport de l'analyse hydrologique dans la connaissance du karst oxfordien de l'interfluve Meuse/Marne
Authors: Lebaut Sébastien , Fister Vincent , Losson Benoît , Brulhet Jacques , Devos Alain , Gille Emmanuel , Harmand Dominique , Lejeune Olivier , Manceau Luc 
Published: March 2019

Knowledge of Oxfordian karst in the area between Meuse and Marne : insights by hydrological analyses.
In the Lorraine region, Oxfordian limestones have a thickness up to 250 meters, but despite of that, they appear poorly karstified, except in the the Meuse/Marne interfluvial area. On this plateau, named "Haut-Pays", karst is known since the Roman epoch at Grand, and from the 19th century onward also at Trampot. Since the 1960ies, the karst of this sector was subject of many scientific investigations, especially speleological, which led to an inventory of exo-and endokarstic forms where possible (Hadès network). Colorimetric tracer tests made it possible to establish models of underground water circulation in the limestones.
Finally, the oxfordian karst of this sector already was the subject of many works. However, results were obtained only from specific measurements, either in time or in space.
The investigation of this karstic system, starting with recent hydrometric data (2007-2008), being conducted over at least a hydrological year, brings a new light on this karst. On an annual scale, the hydrological balances make it possible to calculate the surfaces of the catchment areas to the discharge systems. The functional analysis, starting with the medium daily of hourly discharge, makes it possible to specify the nature of the oxfordian karst on the plateau, where this geological formation outcrops. It feeds the regional artesian aquifer flowing towards the center of the Paris basin.
Severing idiosyncratic case from the lexical verb in Uyghur-Chinese code switching
Authors: Sugar Alexander , Abulimiti Zaoreguli 
Published: March 2019

This paper discusses case marking in mixed verbs in Uyghur-Chinese code switching, where a lexical verb from Mandarin Chinese is combined with a light verb from Uyghur. In mixed verbs containing a Chinese verb whose Uyghur translational equivalent idiosyncratically selects a dative object, the mixed verb also selects a dative object. We analyze this fact by proposing that dative arguments are introduced by an applicative head (Cuervo 2003) whose presence is required by a little head selecting for certain types of roots along the lines of Merchant (2018).
RADYNVERSION: Learning to Invert a Solar Flare Atmosphere with Invertible Neural Networks
Authors: Osborne Christopher M. J. , Armstrong John A. , Fletcher Lyndsay 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
During a solar flare, it is believed that reconnection takes place in the corona followed by fast energy transport to the chromosphere. The resulting intense heating strongly disturbs the chromospheric structure and induces complex radiation hydrodynamic effects. Interpreting the physics of the flaring solar atmosphere is one of the most challenging tasks in solar physics. Here we present a novel deep-learning approach, an invertible neural network, to understanding the chromospheric physics of a flaring solar atmosphere via the inversion of observed solar line profiles in Hα and Ca ii
λ8542. Our network is trained using flare simulations from the 1D radiation hydrodynamic code RADYN as the expected atmosphere and line profile. This model is then applied to single pixels from an observation of an M1.1 solar flare taken with the Swedish 1 m Solar Telescope/CRisp Imaging SpectroPolarimeter instrument just after the flare onset. The inverted atmospheres obtained from observations provide physical information on the electron number density, temperature, and bulk velocity flow of the plasma throughout the solar atmosphere ranging from 0 to 10 Mm in height. The density and temperature profiles appear consistent with the expected atmospheric response, and the bulk plasma velocity provides the gradients needed to produce the broad spectral lines while also predicting the expected chromospheric evaporation from flare heating. We conclude that we have taught our novel algorithm the physics of a solar flare according to RADYN and that this can be confidently used for the analysis of flare data taken in these two wavelengths. This algorithm can also be adapted for a menagerie of inverse problems providing extremely fast (∼10 μs) inversion samples.
Latitudinal patterns in phylogenetic and functional diversity of Diptera in temperate bogs
Authors: Grégoire Taillefer Amélie , Wheeler Terry A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractConservation of biodiversity is growing in interest, and wetlands are disappearing at an alarming rate, so understanding how communities are assembled and how interactions among species and ecosystems influence evolution is critical to the management of threatened habitats. We compared diversity and assemblages of peatland Diptera within and between ecoregions in Québec, Canada. We then determined the phylogenetic structure of peatland Diptera communities and how the structure differed with spatial scale (trap, site, ecoregion). Finally, we tested alpha and beta diversity along environmental and spatial gradients to determine which processes influence Diptera communities and diversity. Bogs across the three ecoregions support similar abundance, species richness, and functional diversity. We found that the major forces structuring Diptera assemblages in bogs across Québec are stochastic processes such as dispersal limitations. However, those random patterns change to clustering when anthropogenic disturbances modify the landscape. Assembly rules are mostly dictated by patch and landscape parameters specific to each ecoregion affecting dispersal and establishment between sites. Conservation of mobile organisms in habitats such as bogs will depend on conservation plans focusing on both patch quality and surrounding landscape, and that different conservation strategies need to be applied in different ecoregions.
Distinctive Effects of GM-CSF and M-CSF on Proliferation and Polarization of Two Major Pulmonary Macrophage Populations
Authors: Draijer Christina , Penke Loka Raghu Kumar , Peters-Golden Marc 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
GM-CSF is required for alveolar macrophage (AM) development shortly after birth and for maintenance of AM functions throughout life, whereas M-CSF is broadly important for macrophage differentiation and self-renewal. However, the comparative actions of GM-CSF and M-CSF on AMs are incompletely understood. Interstitial macrophages (IMs) constitute a second major pulmonary macrophage population. However, unlike AMs, IM responses to CSFs are largely unknown. Proliferation, phenotypic identity, and M1/M2 polarization are important attributes of all macrophage populations, and in this study, we compared their modulation by GM-CSF and M-CSF in murine primary AMs and IMs. CSFs increased the proliferation capacity and upregulated antiapoptotic gene expression in AMs but not IMs. GM-CSF, but not M-CSF, reinforced the cellular identity, as identified by surface markers, of both cell types. GM-CSF, but not M-CSF, increased the expression of both M1 and M2 markers exclusively in AMs. Finally, CSFs enhanced the IFN-γ– and IL-4–induced polarization ability of AMs but not IMs. These first (to our knowledge) data comparing effects on the two pulmonary macrophage populations demonstrate that the activating actions of GM-CSF and M-CSF on primary AMs are not conserved in primary IMs.
Role of immunohistochemistry in diagnosis of a rare bladder tumor
Authors: Kishore Manjari , Malhotra Purnima , Bhardwaj Minakshi 
Published: March 2019

AbstractNeuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are commonly located in the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract; however, these tumors can rarely be found in the urinary bladder. NETs comprise <1% of all bladder tumors; usually intermixed with urothelial carcinoma and its variants. We report a case of primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of urinary bladder in an adult female with a history of smoking and hematuria. The present case highlights the importance of immunohistochemistry in arriving at an accurate diagnosis and thereby differentiating this tumor from other clinical mimics.
Detection of biofilm among uropathogenic Escherichia coli and its correlation with antibiotic resistance pattern
Authors: Karigoudar Rashmi M. , Karigoudar Mahesh H. , Wavare Sanjay M. , Mangalgi Smita S. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Escherichia coli accounts for 70%–95% of urinary tract infections (UTIs). UTI is a serious health problem with respect to antibiotic resistance and biofilms formation being the prime cause for the antibiotic resistance. Biofilm can restrict the diffusion of substances and binding of antimicrobials. In this context, the present study is aimed to perform in vitro detection of biofilm formation among E. coli strains isolated from urine and to correlate their susceptibility pattern with biofilm formation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 100 E. coli strains isolated from patients suffering from UTI were included in the study. The identification of E. coli was performed by colony morphology, Gram staining, and standard biochemical tests. The detection of biofilm was carried out by Congo Red Agar (CRA) method, tube method (TM), and tissue culture plate (TCP) method. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing was performed by Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method on Muller–Hinton agar plate.
RESULTS: Of the 100 E. coli strains, 49 (49%) and 51 (51%) were from catheterized and noncatheterized patients, respectively. Biofilm production was positive by CRA, TM, and TCP method were 49 (49%), 55 (55%), and 69 (69%), respectively. Biofilm producers showed maximum resistance to co-trimoxazole (73.9%), gentamicin (94.2%), and imipenem (11.6%) when compared to nonbiofilm producers. Significant association was seen between resistance to antibiotic and biofilm formation with a P = 0.01 (<0.05).
CONCLUSION: A greater understanding of biofilm detection in E. coli will help in the development of newer and more effective treatment. The detection of biofilm formation and antibiotic susceptibility pattern helps in choosing the correct antibiotic therapy.
Ground-based MAX-DOAS observations of tropospheric formaldehyde VCDs and comparisons with the CAMS model at a rural site near Beijing during APEC 2014
Authors: Tian Xin , Xie Pinhua , Xu Jin , Wang Yang , Li Ang , Wu Fengcheng , Hu Zhaokun , Liu Cheng , Zhang Qiong 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Formaldehyde (HCHO), a key aerosol precursor, plays a significant role in
atmospheric photo-oxidation pathways. In this study, HCHO column densities
were measured using a Multi-AXis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy
(MAX-DOAS) instrument at the University of Chinese Academy of Science (UCAS)
in Huairou District, Beijing, which is about 50 km away from the city center.
Measurements were taken during the period of 1 October 2014 to 31 December 2014,
and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit was organized
on 5–11 November. Peak values of HCHO vertical column densities (VCDs)
around noon and a good correlation coefficient R2 of 0.73 between HCHO
VCDs and surface O3 concentration during noontime indicated that the
secondary sources of HCHO through photochemical reactions of volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) dominated the HCHO values in the area around UCAS.
Dependences of HCHO VCDs on wind fields and backward trajectories were
identified and indicated that the HCHO values in the area around UCAS were
considerably affected by the transport of pollutants (VOCs) from polluted
areas in the south. The effects of control measures on HCHO VCDs during the
APEC period were evaluated. During the period of the APEC conference, the
average HCHO VCDs were ∼38%±20% and
∼30%±24% lower than that during the pre-APEC and
post-APEC periods calculated at the 95 % confidence limit, respectively. This
phenomenon could be attributed to both the effects of prevailing northwest
wind fields during APEC and strict control measures. We also compared the
MAX-DOAS results with the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
model. The HCHO VCDs of the CAMS model and MAX-DOAS were generally consistent
with a correlation coefficient R2 greater than 0.68. The peak values
were consistently captured by both data datasets, but the low values were
systematically underestimated by the CAMS model. This finding may indicate
that the CAMS model can adequately simulate the effects of the transport and
the secondary sources of HCHO but underestimates the local primary sources.
Health Information Held Hostage
Authors: Orzylowski Jacek , Fleshner Katherine 
Published: March 2019

Electronic medical records are increasingly vulnerable to hackers exploiting the consistent lack of cybersecurity expertise in hospitals. Since education in digital hygiene will likely never truly conquer the absent-minded nature of humankind, it could be worthwhile to implement the distributed system of InterPlanetary File System, reducing the incidence of patient records being held hostage by hackers, but possibly increasing the incidence of data breaches for informational gain only.
(Included as first paragraph of main article)
Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) Methods Show Superior or Equivalent Performance to Non-NGS Methods on BRAF, EGFR, and KRAS Proficiency Testing Samples
Authors: Surrey Lea F. , Oakley Fredrick D. , Merker Jason D. , Long Thomas A. , Vasalos Patricia , Moncur Joel T. , Kim Annette S. 
Published: March 2019

Context.—
There has been a rapid expansion of next-generation sequencing (NGS)–based assays for the detection of somatic variants in solid tumors. However, limited data are available regarding the comparative performance of NGS and non-NGS assays using standardized samples across a large number of laboratories.

Objective.—
To compare the performance of NGS and non-NGS assays using well-characterized proficiency testing samples provided by the College of American Pathologists (CAP) Molecular Oncology Committee. A secondary goal was to compare the use of preanalytic and postanalytic practices.

Design.—
A total of 17 343 responses were obtained from participants in the BRAF, EGFR, KRAS, and the Multigene Tumor Panel surveys across 84 different proficiency testing samples interrogating 16 variants and 3 wild-type sequences. Performance and preanalytic/postanalytic practices were analyzed by method.

Results.—
While both NGS and non-NGS achieved an acceptable response rate of greater than 95%, the overall performance of NGS methods was significantly better than that of non-NGS methods for the identification of variants in BRAF (overall 97.8% versus 95.6% acceptable responses, P = .001) and EGFR (overall 98.5% versus 97.3%, P = .01) and was similar for KRAS (overall 98.8% and 97.6%, P = .10). There were specific variant differences, but in all discrepant cases, NGS methods outperformed non-NGS methods. NGS laboratories also more consistently used preanalytic and postanalytic practices suggested by the CAP checklist requirements than non-NGS laboratories.

Conclusions.—
The overall analytic performance of both methods was excellent. For specific BRAF and EGFR variants, NGS outperformed non-NGS methods and NGS laboratories report superior adherence to suggested laboratory practices.
Prevalence, Pattern and Correlates of Intimate Partner Violence among Postpartum Women in Osogbo, Nigeria
Authors: Deborah Adejoke , Benjamin Abiodun Afolabi , Olanrewaju Ibigbami 
Published: March 2019

Aim: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a public health issue in both developed and developing countries. It is one of the most common forms of violence against women. It affects all ethnic groups and it is not impeded by cultural, socio-economic or religious barriers. IPV in postpartum women can increase the risk of homicide and suicide. The study aimed to assess the prevalence, pattern and correlates of IPV among postpartum women attending postnatal and infant welfare clinics of LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo.
Study Design: This was a cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at LTH, Osogbo Nigeria between September and November 2015.
Methodology: This was study conducted among 220 consenting postpartum women using Composite Abuse Scale and socio-demographic questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. The level of statistical significance was set at p-value less than 0.05.
Results: Prevalence of IPV was 26.8%, patterns of IPV were physical abuse 14.5%. Emotional abuse, 26.3, severe combined abuse 9.9% and Harassment 14.5%. IPV was significantly associated with support from respondents’ partner during pregnancy (χ2= 5.470, p=0.019) and partner’s religion. (χ2= 7.746, p= 0.010) The odd ratio for those who had partner’s support was less than 1. (OR =0.337, p=0.014, CI=0.141-0.803).
Conclusion: The prevalence of IPV is high among postpartum women. Increased media campaign about intimate partner violence and preventive measures is urgently needed.