bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O VEGF na doença falciforme: Revisão de Literatura
Authors: Machado Paula Dioné Casais e Silva , Toralles Maria Betânia Pereira , Silva Maria Christina Bahiana Olympio da , Aguiar Márcio Cajazeira , Nascimento Roberto José Meyer , Campos Maria Isabela Guimarães 
Published: April 2018

<div>A doença falciforme é um transtorno hematológico de base genética, no qual uma forma normal de hemoglobina promove deformação das hemácias, desencadeando a oclusão dos vasos sanguíneos. As pessoas afetadas pela doença apresentam distúrbios de caráter sistêmico, que resultam em menor expectativa de vida. A incidência e a severidade dos episódios vasooclusivos variam significativamente entre os indivíduos afetados e até mesmo ao longo da vida de um paciente específico. A patogênese da vaso-oclusão evoluiu em conceituação, sendo atualmente considerada um fenômeno de dinâmica predominantemente molecular. O fator de crescimento endotelial vascular (VEGF) desempenha um importante papel em doenças nas quais a angiogênese é um elemento fisiopatológico fundamental. Conhecendo o papel exato da expressão do VEGF e sua interação com os diversos eventos envolvidos na fisiopatologia da doença falciforme, serão possíveis novas abordagens para essa patologia. Neste artigo, são revisados aspectos ligados ao fenômeno vaso-oclusivo na doença falciforme, bem como sua relação com a molécula do VEGF.</div>
Vav1 downmodulates Akt in different breast cancer subtypes: a new promising chance to improve breast cancer outcome
Authors: Grassilli Silvia , Brugnoli Federica , Lattanzio Rossano , Marchisio Marco , Perracchio Letizia , Piantelli Mauro , Bavelloni Alberto , Capitani Silvano , Bertagnolo Valeria 
Published: April 2018

Targeting different members of the Akt pathways is a promising therapeutic chance in solid tumors including breast cancer. The variable expression levels of Akt isoforms with opposite effects on tumor growth and metastasis, however, make it difficult to select the inhibitors to be used for specific breast tumor subtypes. Using in vitro and in vivo models, we demonstrated here that Vav1, ectopically expressed in invasive breast tumors derived cells, downmodulates Akt acting at expression and/or activation levels depending on tumor subtype. The decreased p‐Akt1 (Ser473) levels are a common effect of Vav1 upmodulation, suggesting that, in breast tumor‐derived cells and independently of their phenotype, Vav1 interferes with signaling pathways ended to specifically recruit Akt1. Only in ER‐negative cell lines, the silencing of Vav1 induced the expression but not the activation of Akt2. A retrospective analysis of early invasive breast tumors allowed to establish the prognostic significance of the p‐Akt/Vav1 relationship. In particular, low Vav1 levels negatively influence the follow‐up of patients with low p‐Akt in their primary tumors and subjected to adjuvant chemotherapy. As the use of specific or pan Akt inhibitors may not be sufficient or may even be detrimental, increasing the levels of Vav1 could be a new approach to improve breast cancer outcomes. This might be particularly relevant for tumors with a triple‐negative phenotype, for which target‐based therapies are not currently available.
MRI Visualization of Injectable Ureidopyrimidinone Hydrogelators by Supramolecular Contrast Agent Labeling
Authors: Bakker Maarten H. , Tseng Cheyenne C. S. , Keizer Henk M. , Seevinck Peter R. , Janssen Henk M. , Van Slochteren Frebus J. , Chamuleau Steven A. J. , Dankers Patricia Y. W. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractInformation about the in vivo location, shape, degradation, or erosion rate of injected in situ gelating hydrogels can be obtained with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Herein, an injectable supramolecular ureidopyrimidinone‐based hydrogel (UPy‐PEG) is functionalized with a modified Gadolinium(III)‐DOTA complex (UPy‐Gd) for contrast enhanced MRI. The contrast agent is designed to supramolecularly interact with the hydrogel network to enable high‐quality imaging of this hydrogel. The applicability of the approach is demonstrated with successful visualization of the Gd‐labeled UPy‐PEG hydrogel after targeted intramyocardial catheter injection in a pig heart.
Molecular evolution of key metabolic genes during transitions to C4 and CAM photosynthesis
Authors: Goolsby Eric W. , Moore Abigail J. , Hancock Lillian P. , De Vos Jurriaan M. , Edwards Erika J. 
Published: April 2018

Premise of the StudyNext‐generation sequencing facilitates rapid production of well‐sampled phylogenies built from very large genetic data sets, which can then be subsequently exploited to examine the molecular evolution of the genes themselves. We present an evolutionary analysis of 83 gene families (19 containing carbon‐concentrating mechanism (CCM) genes, 64 containing non‐CCM genes) in the portullugo clade (Caryophyllales), a diverse lineage of mostly arid‐adapted plants that contains multiple evolutionary origins of all known photosynthesis types in land plants (C3, C4, CAM, C4‐CAM, and various intermediates).MethodsWe inferred a phylogeny of 197 individuals from 167 taxa using coalescent‐based approaches and individual gene family trees using maximum likelihood. Positive selection analyses were conducted on individual gene family trees with a mixed effects model of evolution (MEME). We devised new indices to compare levels of convergence and prevalence of particular residues between CCM and non‐CCM genes and between species with different photosynthetic pathways.Key ResultsContrary to expectations, there were no significant differences in the levels of positive selection detected in CCM versus non‐CCM genes. However, we documented a significantly higher level of convergent amino acid substitutions in CCM genes, especially in C4 taxa.ConclusionsOur analyses reveal a new suite of amino acid residues putatively important for C4 and CAM function. We discuss both the advantages and challenges of using targeted enrichment sequence data for exploratory studies of molecular evolution.
The Accessory Nerve: A Comprehensive Review of its Anatomy, Development, Variations, Landmarks and Clinical Considerations
Authors: Johal Jaspreet , Iwanaga Joe , Tubbs Kevin , Loukas Marios , Oskouian Rod J. , Tubbs R. Shane 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The eleventh cranial nerve, the accessory nerve, has a complex and unique anatomy and has been the subject of much debate. Herein, we review the morphology, embryology, surgical anatomy, and clinical manifestations of the accessory nerve. Included in this review, we mention variant anatomy, molecular development, histology, and imaging of the accessory nerve. Conclusions: The accessory nerve continues to be a topic of much discussion regarding its exact function and in particular to its cranial roots. Recently, various surgical procedures have been devised that repurpose the accessory nerve (e.g., lengthening procedures, contralateral neurotization procedures). Currently, we continue to learn and have much to learn about this lower cranial nerve. Anat Rec, 302:620–629, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Lessons from Amphioxus Bauplan About Origin of Cranial Nerves of Vertebrates That Innervates Extrinsic Eye Muscles
Authors: Ferran José Luis , Puelles Luis 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTAmphioxus is the living chordate closest to the ancestral form of vertebrates, and in a key position to reveal essential aspects of the evolution of the brain Bauplan of vertebrates. The dorsal neural cord of this species at the larval stage is characterized by a small cerebral vesicle at its anterior end and a large posterior region. The latter is comparable in some aspects to the hindbrain and spinal cord regions of vertebrates. The rostral end of the cerebral vesicle contains a median pigment spot and associated rows of photoreceptor and other nerve cells; this complex is known as “the frontal eye.” However, this is not a complete eye in the sense that it has neither eye muscles nor lens (only a primitive retina‐like tissue). Cranial nerves III, IV, and VI take part in the motor control of eye muscles in all vertebrates. Using a recent model that postulates distinct molecularly characterized hypothalamo‐prethalamic and mesodiencephalic domains in the early cerebral vesicle of amphioxus, we analyze here possible scenarios for the origin from the common ancestor of cephalochordates and vertebrates of the cranial nerves related with extrinsic eye muscle innervations. Anat Rec, 302:452–462, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Einfluss der Bauwerkintegrierten Photovoltaik in Fassaden bei der energetischen Bilanzierung von Gebäuden (Teil 1)
Authors: Horn Sebastian , Bagda Engin , Brandau Kai , Weller Bernhard 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIm Rahmen der Umsetzung des Pariser Klimaschutzabkommens gibt die Bundesregierung als Ziel einen nahezu klimaneutralen Gebäudebestand bis zum Jahr 2050 vor. Neben der Verminderung von Energieverlusten spielen dabei die Erzeugung und Verbrauch von Energie aus erneuerbaren Quellen, die in unmittelbarer Umgebung zum Gebäude erzeugt werden, eine große Rolle. Photovoltaik (PV) hat dabei ein großes Potenzial, indem sie einen Teil der Sonnenenergie in elektrische Energie umwandelt. Bei der Deckung des Primärenergiebedarfes eines Gebäudes mit erneuerbarer Energie aus PV reicht die bisher bevorzugte Orientierung auf den Dachflächen nicht aus. Hier bieten Fassaden ein großes Flächenpotenzial. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt die konstruktiven, normativen und energetischen Besonderheiten der Energieerzeugung an Fassaden mit Bauwerkintegrierten PV‐Modulen und diskutiert diese unter dem Hintergrund der Eigennutzung.
In Teil 2 werden das Betriebsverhalten Bauwerkintegrierter PV‐Fassaden anhand von Freifeldmessungen detailliert untersucht und Empfehlungen hinsichtlich der derzeitigen normativen Berücksichtigung gegeben.
Zum Bassverhältnis in akustisch herausragenden Konzertsälen
Authors: Fuchs Helmut V. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBis 1962 waren die namhaften Akustiker übereinstimmend der Meinung, man müsse die tiefen Frequenzen im Nachhall eines Raumes nach Möglichkeit schwächen. Danach machte sich leider eine Lehrmeinung breit, wonach eine Anhebung des Bassbereichs der Musik Fülle und Wärme, dem Hörer wohltuende Umhüllung geben könne. Diese Vorstellung dominiert bis heute selbst in Normen, auch nachdem der tonangebende Befürworter L. L. Beranek eines Bassverhältnisses BR > 1 als Kriterium für gute Raumakustik diese These 2004 selbst in seinem Standardwerk zur Raumakustik verworfen hat. Inzwischen konnte aber in zahlreichen Sanierungen und Neubauten, ebenso subjektiv, verlässlich demonstriert werden, dass BR ≤ 1 eine wichtige Zielsetzung für die wünschenswerte Klarheit von Musik und Verständlichkeit von Sprache ist. Die objektive Begründung für unerwünschten tieffrequenten „Mulm” findet man bei größeren Räumen in destruktiven Interferenzen zwischen dem Direktschall der Quellen und frühen Reflexionen von Decke und Wänden. Letztere sollten daher die Tiefen möglichst stark schlucken. Wie weit dies gelungen ist, kann eine Nachhallzeit im unbesetzten Saal ohne stark gepolstertes Gestühl, also ohne Berücksichtigung von dessen bei mittleren Frequenzen stets dominierender, aber für die Hörsamkeit irrelevanter Absorption, zeigen. Tatsächlich weisen berühmte Konzertsäle wie der Musikvereinssaal in Wien (von 1877), das Concertgebouw in Amsterdam (von 1888), die Symphony Hall in Boston (von 1900) und die Berliner Philharmonie (von 1963), aber auch zahlreiche andere Räumlichkeiten mit anerkannt guter Akustik ein Bassverhältnis BR ≤ 1 auf. Jüngstes prominentes Beispiel dafür scheint die von Musikern wie von bewusst Hörenden gleichermaßen gepriesene Elbphilharmonie in Hamburg (von 2017) zu sein.
Gesteigerte Bassabsorption von textilen Absorbern bei der Verwendung als Rollbanner
Authors: Schira Jonas 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBassabsorption ist bei textilen Absorbern meist nur unzureichend gegeben. Es gibt jedoch die Möglichkeit, durch den Einsatz des Textils als Membran vor einem geschlossenen Luftraum, die Absorptionsleistung im Bassbereich unter 250 Hz deutlich anzuheben. Anhand einer Messreihe, durchgeführt im Hallraum des Zentrums für Bauphysik (ZFB) der Hochschule für Technik in Stuttgart‐Vaihingen nach DIN EN ISO 354, wird gezeigt, mit welchen konstruktiven und architektonischen Mitteln die Bassabsorption in textilen Absorbern deutlich angehoben werden kann. Wird ein Textil mit optimalem spezifischen Strömungswiderstand als Bespannung eines geschlossenen Holzkastens verwendet, so ist ein deutlicher Anstieg des Absorptionskoeffizienten unterhalb von 250 Hz zu verzeichnen. Es werden unterschiedliche Messanordnungen ausgewertet und verglichen. Zudem wird anhand von Praxisbeispielen aufgezeigt, wie sich die theoretischen Überlegungen in der Praxis, explizit am Beispiel eines Absorptions‐Rollbanners, umsetzen lassen.
Association of peripheral blood leukocyte KIBRA methylation with gastric cancer risk: a case–control study
Authors: Zhang Yan , Zhou Haibo , Sun Hongxu , Chen Jie , Huang Di , Han Xu , Ren Xiyun , Lin Shangqun , Fan Qing , Tian Wenjing , Zhao Yashuang 
Published: April 2018

AbstractKIBRA was reported to be involved in various types of cancer and can be detected in blood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the status of KIBRA methylation in peripheral blood leukocytes and gastric cancer (GC) risk. A case–control study was carried out to evaluate the association of blood cell‐derived KIBRA methylation with the risk of GC using methylation‐sensitive high‐resolution melting analysis. A total of 393 cases and 393 controls were detected, respectively. Compared with the subjects in the KIBRA negative methylation (NM) group, positive methylation (PM) subjects exhibited a 1.52‐fold (95% CI: 1.030–2.251, P = 0.035) increased risk for GC. Stratified analyses demonstrated that the significant association of KIBRA methylation with GC risk existed in the older group (≥ 60 years; ORa = 1.846, 95% CI: 1.037–3.287, P = 0.037) and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) positive subjects (ORa = 1.933, 95% CI: 1.103–3.386, P = 0.021). Statistically significant combination effects between the environmental factors and KIBRA methylation on the GC risk were observed except for storing food under refrigeration. KIBRA methylation derived from blood cells and combinations thereof with environmental factors may be associated with the risk of GC.
Diamines for Polymer Materials via Direct Amination of Lipid‐ and Lignocellulose‐based Alcohols with NH3
Authors: Pingen Dennis , Schwaderer Judith B. , Walter Justus , Wen Jiaqi , Murray George , Vogt Dieter , Mecking Stefan 
Published: April 2018

AbstractVia an all‐catalytic route, long‐chain diamines were prepared by the catalytic direct amination of long‐chain diols, derived from plant oils. High conversion was achieved with good selectivity, with the amount of nitrile impurities formed suppressed to a low level. From the lignocellulose‐based 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (5‐HMF), or from bis(hydroxymethyl)furan, 2,5‐bis(aminomethyl)furan (BAMF) was generated. 5‐HMF was converted in a one‐pot, one‐step direct amination and reductive amination using ammonia. In both cases, the reaction proceeded very efficiently. In the combined amination and reductive amination, the H2 concentration is a rate‐limiting factor. Reducing the partial pressure of H2 also shortened the reaction time required significantly. Polycondensation of the long‐chain diamines with long‐chain diacids led to higher molecular weight polyamides, illustrating the quality of the diamines obtained by this synthetic approach as monomers.
Enhanced Catalytic Activity with Oxygen for Methyl Acrylate Production via Cross‐Aldol Condensation Reaction
Authors: Zuo Cuncun , Ge Tingting , Wang Gang , Guo Xinpeng , Li Chunshan , Zhang Suojiang 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAn innovative technology for the production of methyl acrylate via vapor‐phase cross‐aldol condensation is described. Catalytic process intensification was realized through the enhanced catalytic activity with oxygen by catalyst design and adjustment of active sites. Crystal phases with different V valences in vanadium phosphate catalysts were controllably synthesized in the presence of oxygen. Donating electron and withdrawing electron sites arose when oxygen moved from one crystalline phase to another, just for the α‐H removal of methyl acetate and formaldehyde protonation. The reaction pathway and transition states were confirmed via molecular simulation with quantum chemistry theory. The catalytic activity was evaluated in a fixed‐bed reactor by adjusting the percentage of oxygen in the carrier gas. Finally, the mechanism of α‐H removal of methyl acetate through the activated oxygen was clarified.
Sulfur‐Infiltrated Three‐Dimensionally Ordered Mesoporous Polypyrrole Cathode for High‐Performance Lithium‐Sulfur Battery
Authors: Zhang Yongguang , Ren Jun , Wang Daorui , Zhang Chengwei , Yin Fuxing , Mukanova Aliya , Bakenov Zhumabay 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA novel three‐dimensionally (3D) ordered mesoporous polypyrrole (OMPPy) is successfully synthesized through a facile chemical polymerization using silica nanosphere arrays as hard templates. The resulting OMPPy possesses a large BET surface area (270.9 m2 g−1), 3D interconnected large mesopores (∼32 nm), and small mesopores (2‐4 nm) on the large mesopore walls. The OMPPy is then applied as a host to form a kind of sulfur/OMPPy (S/OMPPy) composite cathode through a solution method followed by a heat‐treatment process. Electrochemical test results show that the developed S/OMPPy cathode containing 51.1 wt% sulfur is able to deliver a high and stable specific discharge capacity of 908 mAh g−1 at 0.1C after 100 cycles. At higher discharge rates of 1C, the S/OMPPy exhibits a discharge capacity of 673.7 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles and 462.2 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles. The exceptional electrochemical performance of the S/OMPPy is attributed to the large surface area and the commendable pore size distribution of OMPPy for trapping polysulfides as well as the ordered large mesopores for excellent electrolyte accessibility and fast Li‐ion transport.
3D Graphene Network Encapsulating Mesoporous ZnS Nanospheres as High‐Performance Anode Material in Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Hu Liang , Hu Xiang , Lin Zhoubin , Wen Zhenhai 
Published: April 2018

AbstractHere, we reported the synthesis of a three‐dimensional (3D) interconnected network nanostructure of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), enwrapping mesoporous ZnS nanospheres (m‐ZnS NSs@rGO). The synthesis is implemented by a simple gelatin‐assisted hydrothermal reaction followed by self‐assembly between mesoporous ZnS NSs and rGO. As a result of the synergic effect of the special nanostructure of ZnS nanospheres and rGO enwrapping, the m‐ZnS NSs@rGO composite exhibits favorable features as anode material in sodium‐ion batteries. These features include good cycling stability (513 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 after 80 cycles) and good rate capability (320 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1). The 3D conductive structure, in conjunction with the mesoporous ZnS nanoparticles, provide advantageous features to the hybrids to buffer volume expansion/contraction upon the sodiation/desodiation process and facilitate mass (ions and electron) transportation and electron transfer.
Optimised ARID1A immunohistochemistry is an accurate predictor of ARID1A mutational status in gynaecological cancers
Authors: Khalique Saira , Naidoo Kalnisha , Attygalle Ayoma D , Kriplani Divya , Daley Frances , Lowe Anne , Campbell James , Jones Thomas , Hubank Michael , Fenwick Kerry , Matthews Nicholas , Rust Alistair G , Lord Christopher J , Banerjee Susana , Natrajan Rachael 
Published: April 2018

AbstractARID1A is a tumour suppressor gene that is frequently mutated in clear cell and endometrioid carcinomas of the ovary and endometrium and is an important clinical biomarker for novel treatment approaches for patients with ARID1A defects. However, the accuracy of ARID1A immunohistochemistry (IHC) as a surrogate for mutation status has not fully been established for patient stratification in clinical trials. Here we tested whether ARID1A IHC could reliably predict ARID1A mutations identified by next‐generation sequencing. Three commercially available antibodies – EPR13501 (Abcam), D2A8U (Cell Signaling), and HPA005456 (Sigma) – were optimised for IHC using cell line models and human tissue, and screened across a cohort of 45 gynaecological tumours. IHC was scored independently by three pathologists using an immunoreactive score. ARID1A mutation status was assessed using two independent sequencing platforms and the concordance between ARID1A mutation and protein expression was evaluated using Receiver Operating Characteristic statistics. Overall, 21 ARID1A mutations were identified in 14/43 assessable tumours (33%), the majority of which were predicted to be deleterious. Mutations were identified in 6/17 (35%) ovarian clear cell carcinomas, 5/8 (63%) ovarian endometrioid carcinomas, 2/5 (40%) endometrial carcinomas, and 1/7 (14%) carcinosarcomas. ROC analysis identified greater than 95% concordance between mutation status and IHC using a modified immunoreactive score for all three antibodies allowing a definitive cut‐point for ARID1A mutant status to be calculated. Comprehensive assessment of concordance of ARID1A IHC and mutation status identified EPR13501 as an optimal antibody, with 100% concordance between ARID1A mutation status and protein expression, across different gynaecological histological subtypes. It delivered the best inter‐rater agreement between all pathologists, as well as a clear cost‐benefit advantage. This could allow patients to be accurately stratified based on their ARID1A IHC status into early phase clinical trials.
Impact of psychiatric illness on decreased survival in elderly patients with bladder cancer in the United States
Authors: Jazzar Usama , Yong Shan , Klaassen Zachary , Huo Jinhai , Hughes Byron D. , Esparza Edgar , Mehta Hemalkumar B. , Kim Simon P. , Tyler Douglas S. , Freedland Stephen J. , Kamat Ashish M. , Wolf Dwight V. , Williams Stephen B. 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUNDTreatments for muscle‐invasive bladder cancer are multimodal, complex, and often carry significant risks of physical and psychological morbidity. The objectives of this study were to define the incidence and types of psychiatric illnesses diagnosed after treatment and to determine their impact on survival outcomes.METHODSIn total, 3709 patients who were diagnosed with clinical stage T2 through T4a bladder cancer from January 1, 2002, to December 31, 2011, from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results‐Medicare were analyzed. Multivariable analysis and Cox proportional‐hazards models were used to determine the predictors associated with psychiatric diagnosis and impact on survival outcomes.RESULTSOf 3709 patients, 1870 (50.4%) were diagnosed with posttreatment psychiatric disorders. Patients who underwent radical cystectomy were identified as being at significantly greater risk of having a posttreatment psychiatric illness compared with those who received radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy (hazard ratio [HR], 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07‐1.31; P = .001). In adjusted analyses, diagnosis of a psychiatric disorder resulted in significantly worse overall survival (HR, 2.80; 95% CI, 2.47‐3.17; P < .001) and cancer‐specific survival (HR, 2.39; 95% CI, 2.05‐2.78; P < .001).CONCLUSIONSOne‐half of patients with muscle‐invasive bladder cancer who underwent treatment were diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder, which resulted in worse survival outcomes compared with patients who did not have a posttreatment psychiatric diagnosis. This information can be used to inform interventions to educate patients with muscle‐invasive bladder cancer regarding the impact of different treatments on mental health. Cancer 2018. © 2018 American Cancer Society.