bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Osteoprotegerin is a new independent predictor of the progression of cardiovascular pathology: chronic heart failure associated with type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis
Authors: Teplyakov A. T. , Berezikova E. N. , Shilov S. N. , Popova A. A. , Yakovleva I. V. , Molokov A. V. , Grakova E. V. , Kopeva K. V. , Svarovskaya A. V. , Garmaeva O. V. , Torim Yu. Yu. , Stepachev E. I. , Kalyuzhin V. V. 
Published: January 2019

Aim.To study the link of increased serum concentrations of osteoprotegerin (OPG) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM 2), osteoporosis or osteopenia with the development of cardiovascular events (primarily, decompensation of CHF, including those requiring hospitalization, death from cardiovascular disease, acute coronary syndrome or acute ischemic stroke) to determine the possibility of using this biomarker as a predictor of a severe course of cardiovascular disease in these patients.Materials and methods.In a 12-month cohort observational study included 75 patients (mean age 57.4 ± 5.4 years) with CHF associated with DM 2, osteoporosis or osteopenia. Cardiovascular events were analyzed in three groups of patients formed based terteling ranges of concentration of the OPG level in serum: in the 1st group (n= 25) included patients with serum OPG concentration is less than 5.0 pmol/l; in the 2nd group (n= 25) OPG level of 5.0–7.2 pmol/l; in the 3rd group (n= 25) - with the content of OPG more than 7.2 pmol/L. The serum OPG, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) serum levels were determined by ELISA. Assessment of bone mineral density (BMD) was performed by a densitometric method using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.Results.Highly reliable increased expression of OPG in 2 and 3th tertiles was found in patients with CHF associated with type 2 diabetes in comparison with the control group. The frequency of adverse events gradually increased from the 1st tertile to the 3rd tertile OPG. With the median for OPG more than 5.2 pmol/L and BMD less than -2.5 standard deviations, the highest frequency (60.9%) of adverse cardiovascular events was identified. A close correlation of OPG with the values of pro-inflammatory cytokines-TNF-α (r= 0.46;p= 0.019) and IL-1β (r= 0.4;p= 0.01), glycated hemoglobin (r= 0.55;p= 0.009) and the severity of CHF (r= 0.49;p= 0.013).Conclusions.Osteoprotegerin is an independent risk factor for the development of comorbid cardiovascular pathology: CHF associated with DM 2 and osteoporosis. It seems clinically justified to use OPG to stratify the risk of progression of cardiovascular pathology.
Influence of dibornol-HES on electrophysiological parameters in the period of restoration of blood flow in rabbit myocardium
Authors: Vaykshnorayte M. A. , Vityazev V. A. , Vahnina N. A. , Shadrina V. D. , Torlopov M. A. , Chukicheva I. Y. , Kuchin A. V. 
Published: January 2019

Objective. Dibornol-HES, a water-soluble drug based on the derivative of 2,6-diisobornyl-4-methylphenol Dibornol conjugated with hydroxyethyl starch, can reduce the occurrence and severity of arrhythmias by preventive intravenous administration, but it is unknown whether the drug could reduce the myocardial arrhythmogenicity once ischemia has developed at the developed ischemia.Materials and methods. In the model of acute ischemia / reperfusion of the rabbit heart, the effect of Dibornol-HEC (80 mg/kg body weight of the animal) on the electrophysiological indices characterizing myocardial arrhythmogenicity (global and border dispersion of repolarization) was studied during the restoration of blood flow. In the model of acute ischemia / reperfusion with 64 unipolar epicardial leads, the activation-recovery intervals were measured and global and border dispersion of repolarization in the native rabbits (control group, n = 9) and in the rabbits treated by Dibornol-HES (on the 25th minute of occlusion, the experimental group, n = 6).Results. The introduction of Dibornol-HES did not lead to a change in the electrocardiographic parameters of rabbits. By the 30th minute of the coronary occlusion on the ECG in the animals of the control and the experimental groups, the intervals RR, QT, QTc were shortened (p < 0.05). In the animals of both groups by the 30th minute of coronary occlusion, the global dispersion of repolarization increased (p < 0.05), the boundary dispersion of repolarization also increased (p < 0.05), due to the decrease in the duration of the activation-recovery intervals in the ischemic zone (p < 0.05). During the 30-minute reperfusion the magnitude of the global dispersion of repolarization did not change in animals of the both groups, and the magnitude of the border dispersion of repolarization in the control rabbits decreased (p < 0.05), while in the rabbits treated by Dibornol-HES the border dispersion of repolarization did not changed.Conclusion. In rabbits of the experimental group, the values of the global and border dispersions of repolarization did not differ from those of the animals in the control group. Therefore, the administration to Dibornol-HES just prior to reperfusion does not lead to the decrease in the dispersion of repolarization increased as a result of acute ischemic myocardial damage.
Antihypertensive Efficacy of Fixed Combination of Amlodipine and Ramipril in Patients with Arterial Hypertension and Very High Cardiovascular Risk
Authors: Korennova O. Yu. , Podolnaya S. P. , Prihodko E. P. , Turusheva E. A. , Starinskaya S. N. , Вratishko I. A. , Druk I. V. 
Published: January 2019

Aim. To evaluate the antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability of a fixed combination of amlodipine and ramipril in hypertensive patients with very high cardiovascular risk. Material and methods. A retrospective cohort study of real clinical practice of prescribing antihypertensive drugs according to 255 medical records of outpatient hypertensive patients with a history of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and coronary artery stenting was performed in the first part. An open observational study was performed in the second part. 69 people older than 18 years with a history of ACS and coronary artery stenting, without reaching the target blood pressure (BP) level while using free combinations of antihypertensive drugs and with indications for a fixed combination of ramipril and amlodipine were included into the study. Analysis of self-monitoring of BP, office BP, daily BP monitoring (ABPM) and patients’ adherence to treatment (Morisky-Green test) initially, after 4 and after 12 weeks of taking the fixed combination of ramipril and amlodipine was performed to assess the clinical efficacy of the studied drug. Results. It was found that 42.0% of patients did not follow the recommendations for regular intake of antihypertensive drugs. So, hypertension of all patients regarded as false-refractory, which was the basis for the prescription of the fixed combination of ramipril and amlodipine in accordance with clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension. After 4 weeks of therapy, there was significant decrease in office BP with the achievement and preservation of the target level by the 12th week, normalization to the 12th week of day and night BP variability in 54.9% of patients. 78.0% of patients followed medical recommendations for regular administration of antihypertensive drugs, none of the patients had adverse events. Conclusion. The use of fixed combinations of drugs, in particular, amlodipine and ramipril as a part of multicomponent therapy in hypertensive patients with very high cardiovascular risk, led to the achievement of target BP by the 4th week of therapy and stable preservation of antihypertensive effect in 12 weeks of treatment as well as gradual normalization of day and night BP variability in more than half of patients. Fixed combination of ramipril and amlodipine allowed to improve adherence of patients to cardiovascular diseases.
Application of intravenous lidocaine in patients undergoing operative hysteroscopy: a randomized, double-blind, controlled study
Authors: Wang Huaxin , Peng Xuan , Xiao Yeda , Zhao Bo , Zhan Liying 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: The role of intraoperative intravenous lidocaine infusion has been previously evaluated for pain relief, inflammatory response, and post-operative recovery, including in endoscopic surgery. The present study is a randomized double-blinded trial in which we evaluated whether intravenous lidocaine infusion would reduce postoperative pain, propofol requirement and remifentanil consumption in patients undergoing hysteroscopy surgery.
Methods: Eighty-five patients scheduled to undergo elective operative hysteroscopy surgery under general anesthesia were randomized into two groups. Group L included patients who received an intravenous lidocaine bolus 1.5mg/kg over 3 min followed by a continuous infusion at the rate of 2 mg/kg/h until surgery completed, and Group C received 0.9% normal saline solution at an equivalent rate. The depth of anesthesia was monitored using the Narcotrend, which was based on measurement of the patient’s cerebral electrical activity. Primary outcome of the study was postoperative hypogastric pain evaluating by visual analogue scale (VAS). Secondary outcomes include propofol requirement and remifentanil requirement.
Results: VAS score of Group L was significantly lower than Group C at postoperative 0.5 h, 4 h, respectively (P < 0.05), while no obvious difference was found at postoperative 24 h. There was no difference between groups in propofol requirement, but Group L required less dosage of remifentanil than Group C (P < 0.05). Moreover, the incidence of throat pain was significantly lower in Group L. No adverse events associated with lidocaine was discovered.
Conclusions: Administration of intravenous lidocaine infusion as an adjuvant alleviated short-term postoperative hypogastric pain and throat pain, and reduced remifentanil requirement in patients undergoing operative hysteroscopy surgery.
Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (chictr.org.cn) with registration number ChiCTR1800016857.
Keywords: Lidocaine, hysteroscopic surgery, remifentanil, propofol
Self-Reported Empathy among Nursing Students at a University in Jordan
Authors: Altwalbeh Diala , Khamaiseh Abdullah Mousa , Algaralleh Abdulnaser 
Published: January 2019

Background:Empathy is recognized as a highly valued professional characteristic in the nurse-patient relationship. Undergraduate nursing students are taught the importance of empathic relationships. Studies have been undertaken to explore the concept of empathy among nursing students, but there have been no investigations in Jordan or in the Arab world.Purpose:The aim of this study is to assess the level of self-reported empathy in undergraduate nursing students at Mutah University.Research Design:A cross-sectional study was undertaken using a paper-based version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy. A convenience sample of 202 students was recruited from first, second, third and fourth year.Results:The mean score was 92.9, lower than scores reported in other studies. Results showed that female students’ empathy scores were significantly higher than male students, and there was a significant increase in empathy scores by study year.Conclusion:There is an urgent need for reforming the nursing curriculum with a focus on empathy skills.
Incidence Of Central Line-associated Bloodstream Infections In Intensive Care Units In A Private Hospital (Cairo, Egypt)
Authors: Malek Amira M. , Abouseif Hasnaa A. , Abd Elaziz Khaled M. , Allam Mohamed F. , Fahim Hoda I. 
Published: January 2019

Objective:

The study aimed to measure the incidence, risk factors and most frequent causative organisms of central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLA-BSI) in the Medical/Coronary and Surgical Intensive Care Units (ICUs) at a private hospital.

Methods:
This prospective study included 499 patients and was conducted between April 2014 and September 2014 in the Medical/Coronary ICU and Surgical ICU of a private hospital in Cairo, Egypt.

Results:
Approximately 44% of all the patients admitted to the ICUs underwent Central Venous Catheter (CVC) insertion. The overall incidence density rate of CLA-BSI was 6 cases per 1000 central line-days. The central line utilization rate was 0.94 per 1000 patient-days. The mortality rate among cases with CLA-BSI was 16.8% (95% CI: 13.6% – 20.4%) during the study period. Risk factors for CLA-BSI were detected by univariate analysis and included associated co-morbidities such as heart failure, APACHE II scores of >15, an ICU stay of 5 days or more, duration of CVC placement, subclavian insertion of CVCs, and mechanical ventilation. Additionally, logistic regression analysis identified a long ICU stay of 5 days or more, mechanical ventilation and the presence of heart failure as the only significant predictors. Gram-negative bacteria, especially Enterobacter (36.8%: 95% CI: 16.3%– 61.6%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (21.1%: 95% CI: 16.0% - 45.5%) were the predominant organisms detected in CLA-BSI cases.

Conclusion:
CLA-BSI is an important cause of mortality in ICU patients. The infection rate is considerably higher than that in recent studies from developed counties, but it is still lower than the rates reported in comparable published studies in Egypt. Strict adherence to the standard infection prevention practices for critically ill patients is highly recommended.
FACTOR	ANALYSIS	OF	HYPOGLICEMIA	LEVEL	IN	EMERGENCY	DEPARTMENT	OF BLAMBANGAN	AND	GENTENG	GENERAL	HOSPITAL	BANYUWANGI
Authors: Amin Yusron , Ahsan Ahsan , Suharsono Tony 
Published: January 2019

Hipoglycemia was a kind of acute complication of diabetes mellitus. Some factors was assumed associated with degree of hypoglycemia were infection, antidiabetic therapy, and leak of meal intake. This study was to analyse factors associated with degree of hypoglycemia in emergency department. Design was descriptive explorative with retrospective approach. Sum of respondents was 118 medical records. This study was conducted in medical record room in Blambangan hospital and Genteng Hospital from 5 June 2017 to 16 June 2017. Methods of data collection was purposive sampling. The results showed hypoglycemia was happened in majority of infection, using of unappropriate antidiabetic therapy and leak of meal intake. Infection factorsÂ (p=0,000; r=0,494), using of antidiabetic therapy (p=0,000; r=0,411), and leak of meal intake (p=0,000; r=0,619) had correlation with degree of hypoglycemia. Leak of meal intake factors (p=0,000; wald=27.897) had strongly correlation with degree of hypoglycemia. Health workers especially nurses was encouraged to conduct the intervention due to patientâ€™s self control, so that regulation of meal and antidiabetic therapy could work effectively.
POST	AMPUTATION	RESPONSE	AND	COPING	OF	DIABETES	MELLITUS	PATIENT IN	ULIN	GENERAL	HOSPITAL	BANJARMASIN
Authors: Negara Candra Kusuma 
Published: January 2019

Â DM disease is a health problem that is very important because it is associated with a high incidence of complications and high mortality. For most people the disease diabetes mellitus is a disease that is very worrying and the public aware of the magnitude of the potential dangers caused. For individuals who suffer from diabetes mellitus with post-amputation, the next life is a new round of challenges and changes, and will go through the process of coping with the change process. The Â aim of this study was to explore various diabetic patients post-amputation responses and coping experienced. This study used a qualitative phenomenological study. Retrieving data using in depth interview in four participants were treated at Diabetic Foot Polyclinic Ulin General Hospital Banjarmasin equipped with a guidance interview and informed consent. The analytical method structure from Creswell into 6 steps. There are 2 theme depicting various responses post-amputation andÂ Â depicting various coping DM patients post-amputation. Sub-Theme in depicting various responses post-amputation namely: (1) Experiencing physical barriers, (2) Experiencing the changing role, (3) Experiencing the grieving process, and are 4 Sub-theme depicting various coping DM patients post-amputation namely: (1) More worship, (2) Accept the circumstances, (3) A strong Motivation, (4) social support.
THE	RELATIONSHIP	BETWEEN	MOTHER	ROLE	OF	MEET	THE	ORAL	HYGIENE AND	DENTAL	CARIES	IN	PRESCHOOL	CHILD	IN	KINDERGARTEN KUSUMA	MULIA	XVIII	SUMBERBENDO	PARE	KEDIRI
Authors: Ludyanti Laviana Nita , Widiyanto Ari 
Published: January 2019

The mother's role in the meet of oral hygiene is very important to reduce the occurrence of dental caries in preschools children. Preschoolers has low personals hygiene and still in the developmental process. The aimed of this research was to determine the context of the mother's role in the meet of oral hygiene with the incidence of dental caries in preschools children 4 - 6 years old at kindergarten of Kusuma Mulia XVIII Sumberbendo Pare Kediri. The research methods used correlational design with a retrospective approach. Purposive sampling was used to obtain 26 samples of mothers who eligible as inclusion criteria. Measuring tool used a questionnaire to the mother's role in the meet of oral hygiene and observation for occurrence of dental caries in preschool children, then its analyzed by spearman rho. The result of the research showed that (76, 9%) mothers has role in the meet of oral hygiene that was in sufficient category. Whereas (80, 8%) the children had medium category. The results after the calculation using the Spearman rho test indicated for correlation coefisien = -0,515 and p value = 0,007 that means the associationÂ between mother's role in the meet of oral hygiene with the incidence of dental caries in preschools children. Reducing the incidence of dental caries is not only depend on the mother's role toward meet of oral hygiene, but also to the other factors such as food, micro-organisms, bad habits of the children in keeping oral dental hygiene and mouth, tooth brushing pattern, the shape of the teeth, and history of children's milk when as a baby which causes the dental caries.
Variation in prostate surgery costs and outcomes in the USA: robot-assisted versus open radical prostatectomy
Authors: Mukherjee Kumar , Kamal Khalid M 
Published: January 2019

Aim:
To compare perioperative complications, inpatient cost and length of stay between robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) and open radical prostatectomy (ORP) using National Inpatient Sample data from 2010 to 2015.
Patients & methods:
A total of 69,009 records with RARP or ORP were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression and generalized linear models.
Results:
The RARP had superior perioperative outcomes at a higher cost (adjusted mean difference = 2956; 95% CI: $2822–$3090) and shorter length of stay (mean difference = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.81–0.89) compared with ORP. Mean cost of RARP was lowest in urban teaching, private invest-own, high volume and northeast region hospitals and highest for black men.
Conclusion
: Compared with ORP, RARP had significantly better perioperative outcomes at a higher cost.
Development and Evaluation of Physicochemical Properties of Pulse Added Protein Rich Pasta
Authors: Balasooriya Ronali Navoda , Wickramasinghe I. 
Published: January 2019

Sri Lanka is experiencing a nutritional transition along with under-nutrition, overweight, and obesity. Consumers are becoming health conscious and pasta products are fetching great attention. However, legumes and cereals are nutritionally complementary, where together provide the essential amino acid profile for vegans. In this study, wheat semolina was substituted with soya and mung flour to develop five pasta formulations (F1, F2, F3, F4, F5). F1 - soy 40%, F2 - soy 30% & mung 10%, F3 -soy 20% & mung 20%, F4 - soy 10% & mung 30%, F5 - mung 40%. All the samples have the protein content of more than 15% which complies with the local regulation. All the five samples were evaluated for the proximate composition, cooking time and sensory qualities. Pulse incorporated pasta show increased cooking time compared to control. According to the sensory evaluation data, there is a significant difference among the five samples for color, texture, taste and overall acceptability but there is no significant difference among the sample for mouth feel of the product. Based on physicochemical & proximate composition, cooking time and sensory qualities, pasta containing soy flour (40%) resulted in better quality having more nutritional elements and highest overall acceptability.
The Theory of Social Contract and Legitimacy Today
Authors: Economides Neophitos 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The theory of social contract has played - and still plays - an important role in the central stage of political philosophy. The social contract answers the question of the origin of the society. The history of the theory originates in the ancient Greece political philosophy and extends to the recent years. However, the foundation of the theory resulted in the Renaissance period through the treatises of classical contractarians Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau. The manuscript describes the main arguments regarding the theory of social contract and suggests the main similarities and differences among them. Finally, the manuscript, according to the main description of the theories, suggests the main categorization of their results in legitimizing the political authority. In the final section, the article proposes the contribution of the theory of the social contract to the modern era and summarizes the positive aspects of its arguments to the legitimization of the political authority of modern states.
Deconstruction of Rural-Urban Divide in New Tools Prospective
Authors: Rusta Ana 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In this essay importance will be given to the traditional and contemporary conception of the rural-urban divide. The traditional approach influenced by a hegemonic perspective has seen rural as urban residual by believing in the idea of a clear division between urban and rural, driven by demographic, cultural and economic factors. But today's empirical research in different fields, reflecting strong local and global dynamics, proves that the split between rural and urban is impossible. The change of these realities at the local and global scale has influenced the development of a thesis that reformulates the urban/rural relation under the perspective of a continuum, hybrid or liminal state. Today's urban research backs the idea that it is impossible to define once and for all what is rural and urban. Concrete cases taken in Europe and in Albania prove that the existence of realities with particular typology not only makes the existence of a general and universally accepted definition problematic, but also creates the need for a continuous, dynamic, and temporary re-definition of urban and rural.