bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cell Therapy for Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia: Current Evidence and Future Directions
Authors: Teraa Martin , Gremmels Hendrik , Wijnand Joep G. J. , Verhaar Marianne C. 
Published: August 2018

Summary
Cell-based therapies have gained interest as a potential treatment method in cardiovascular disease in the past two decades, peripheral artery disease amongst others. Initial pre-clinical and small pilot clinical studies showed promising effects of cell therapy in peripheral artery disease and chronic limb-threatening ischemia in particular. However, these promising results were not corroborated in larger high quality blinded randomized trials. This has led to a shift of the field towards more sophisticated cell products, especially mesenchymal stromal cells. Mesenchymal stromal cells have some important benefits, making these cells ideal for regenerative medicine, e.g., potential for allogeneic application, loss of disease-mediated cell dysfunction, reduced production costs, off-the-shelf availability. Future high quality and large clinical studies have to prove the efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cells in the treatment of peripheral artery disease.
Electrophysiological Biomarkers Predict Clinical Improvement in an Open-Label Trial Assessing Efficacy of Autologous Umbilical Cord Blood for Treatment of Autism
Authors: Murias Michael , Major Samantha , Compton Scott , Buttinger Jessica , Sun Jessica M. , Kurtzberg Joanne , Dawson Geraldine 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This study was a phase I, single-center, and open-label trial of a single intravenous infusion of autologous umbilical cord blood in young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Twenty-five children between the ages of 2 and 6 with a confirmed diagnosis of ASD and a qualified banked autologous umbilical cord blood unit were enrolled. Safety results and clinical outcomes measured at 6 and 12 months post-infusion have been previously published. The purpose of the present analysis was to explore whether measures of electroencephalography (EEG) theta, alpha, and beta power showed evidence of change after treatment and whether baseline EEG characteristics were predictive of clinical improvement. The primary endpoint was the parent-reported Vineland adaptive behavior scales-II socialization subscale score, collected at baseline, 6- and 12-month visits. In addition, the expressive one word picture vocabulary test 4 and the clinical global impression-improvement scale were administered. Electrophysiological recordings were taken during viewing of dynamic social and nonsocial stimuli at 6 and 12 months post-treatment. Significant changes in EEG spectral characteristics were found by 12 months post-infusion, which were characterized by increased alpha and beta power and decreased EEG theta power. Furthermore, higher baseline posterior EEG beta power was associated with a greater degree of improvement in social communication symptoms, highlighting the potential for an EEG biomarker to predict variation in outcome. Taken together, the results suggest that EEG measures may be useful endpoints for future ASD clinical trials.
NGOs and the creation of value in supply chains
Authors: Chatain Olivier , Plaksenkova Elena 
Published: August 2018

Research Summary: Firms and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) often collaborate to establish new supply chains. With a formal model, we analyze how NGOs can alleviate market failures and improve supplier economic inclusion while strategically interacting with firms. We account for the specific goals of the NGO and the need to induce collaboration between firms and their suppliers. The analysis reveals a “valley of frustration,” when NGO efforts benefit all actors but only marginally the firm. We also show that more powerful firms might prefer to internalize NGO functions, while firms with lower bargaining power and higher investment requirements are better off collaborating with NGOs. Finally, we study NGOs‐firms matching patterns and find that firms with higher bargaining power match with NGOs holding stronger capabilities.
Managerial Summary: This article analyzes interactions between firms and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) aiming to improve the economic inclusion of suppliers or to promote the adoption of specific (e.g., sustainable) practices. For firm executives, this study shows the constraints and benefits associated with working with NGOs, the conditions under which integration of NGO functions is preferable as well as the types of NGOs that offer better prospects for a successful collaboration. For NGO executives, it highlights the need to provide enough economic incentives to firms and suppliers alike to ensure their collaboration and the trade‐offs associated with this constraint, in particular, if NGO capabilities are limited. Overall, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of how NGO activities can influence value creation in a vertical value chain.
Reaching through the fog: Institutional environment and cross‐border giving of corporate foundations
Authors: Hornstein Abigail S. , Zhao Minyuan 
Published: August 2018

Research Summary: Corporate philanthropy has long been recognized as an important part of multinational strategy, yet we know relatively little how charitable giving is allocated across countries. Using a sample of 208 U.S.‐based corporate foundations from 1993 to 2008, we find that the foundations give more in countries with opaque institutional environments, but they do so through international intermediaries. They also give more when the funding firms have new entries in countries with weak institutions—hence greater needs for the social license to operate—or when their operations require stronger connections with local suppliers or customers. These findings point to the use of corporate philanthropy as part of corporate diplomacy when the local institutions are ineffective and the importance of reaching out to local constituents is high.Managerial Summary: Corporate foundations play an important role in firms' charitable giving across countries. This article analyzes how foundation giving is associated with the funding firm's need to navigate the local business environments. Using a sample of 208 U.S.‐based corporate foundations from 1993 to 2008, we find that foundations give more in countries characterized by weak rule of law and high levels of corruption, and when the funding firms have newly established subsidiaries or stronger need to connect with local stakeholders there. However, donations to countries with weak institutions are more likely to go through international intermediaries to avoid potential liabilities. The results are consistent with the view that corporate foundations support corporate diplomacy and help obtain the social license to operate in the host countries.
Magnetic multi‐walled carbon nanotubes as a valuable option for the preconcentration of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in water
Authors: Abujaber Feras , Avendaño Laura , Jodeh Shehdeh , Ríos Ángel , Guzmán Bernardo Francisco Javier , Rodríguez Martín‐Doimeadios Rosa Carmen 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWater bodies receive a high discharge of drugs, which can behave as pollutants. Sample preparation with new materials and techniques are necessary to achieve adequate selectivity and sensitivity for the determination of these compounds in waters. In this work, magnetic nanoparticles modified with pristine multi‐walled carbon nanotubes have been used as sorbents in a magnetic solid‐phase extraction method for the determination of ibuprofen, naproxen and diclofenac in natural waters. The synthesis and functionalization of the sorbent are achieved in one single step. Liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and fluorescence detectors was used after sample preparation. The main factors that affect the adsorption and desorption were optimized. Limits of detection were 6.0–9.8 μg L−1 and precision was 1.3–6.1% relative standard deviation. The enrichment factors (4.1–4.8) were close to the preconcentration factor (5) with an amount of sorbent as low as 2.5 mg. Extraction recoveries of 81.3–101.5% were obtained in spiked tap, river and dam water samples. The low amount of adsorbent used and its reusability (up to five times) offers a high economy of use and low waste generation.
Molecular Programming of Perivascular Stem Cell Precursors
Authors: Yianni Val , Sharpe Paul T. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Pericytes have been shown to act as precursors of resident adult stem cells in stromal tissues in vivo. When expanded in vitro these cells are capable of giving rise to multiple mesenchymal cell types, irrespective of their tissue of origin. This phenomenon of multi-lineage differentiation is only observed in culture, whereas in vivo, stromal stem cell differentiation is restricted to tissue-specific cell types. An important unanswered question is how a single, widely distributed cell type (a pericyte) gives rise to stem cells with tissue-specific functions and attributes. Using a combination of transcriptomics and epigenomics we have compared the molecular status of two populations of stromal stem cell precursors. Using a LacZ transgene insertion that is expressed in pericytes but not in stem cells, we were able to compare pericyte populations from two different tissues, mouse incisors and bone marrow. Pericytes, freshly isolated from mouse incisors and bone marrow, exhibited transcriptomes and epigenetic landscapes that were extensively different, reflecting their tissue of origin and future in vivo differentiation potential. Dspp, an odontoblast differentiation gene, as well as additional odontogenic genes, are shown to be expressed in dental pulp-derived pericytes. These genetic loci are also decorated with histone modifications indicative of a transcriptionally active chromatin state. In bone marrow pericytes, a major osteogenic differentiation gene, Runx2, is not expressed but is marked by both active and repressive histones and therefore primed to be expressed. Polycomb repressor complex 1 analysis showed that key genes involved in the induction of adipogenesis, chondrogenesis, and myogenesis are targeted by Ring1b and therefore stably repressed. This indicates that pericyte populations are molecularly obstructed from differentiating down certain lineages in vivo.
Bakery yeasts, a new model for studies in ecology and evolution
Authors: Carbonetto Belén , Ramsayer Johan , Nidelet Thibault , Legrand Judith , Sicard Delphine 
Published: August 2018

AbstractYeasts have been involved in bread making since ancient times and have thus played an important role in the history and nutrition of humans. Bakery‐associated yeasts have only recently attracted the attention of researchers outside of the bread industry. More than 30 yeast species are involved in bread making, and significant progress has been achieved in describing these species. Here, we present a review of bread‐making processes and history, and we describe the diversity of yeast species and the genetic diversity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolated from bakeries. We then describe the metabolic functioning and diversity of these yeasts and their relevance to improvements in bread quality. Finally, we examine yeast and bacterial interactions in sourdoughs. The purpose of this review is to show that bakery yeast species are interesting models for studying domestication and other evolutionary and ecological processes. Studying these yeasts can contribute much to our fundamental understanding of speciation, evolutionary dynamics, and community assembly, and this knowledge could ultimately be used to adjust, modify, and improve the production of bread and the conservation of microbial diversity.
Boundedness of classical solutions for a chemotaxis model with rotational flux terms
Authors: Khelghati Ali , Baghaei Khadijeh 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we study the following chemotaxis system with rotational flux terms:
urn:x-wiley:00442267:media:zamm201700091:zamm201700091-math-0001under no‐flux boundary conditions in a bounded domain , with smooth boundary. Here, is a matrix‐valued function and , where S0 is some non‐decreasing function. Also, is a non‐negative function with
urn:x-wiley:00442267:media:zamm201700091:zamm201700091-math-0006where f0 is some non‐decreasing function.We prove that the classical solutions to the above system are uniformly in‐time‐bounded if there exists a smooth function with such that for some the matrix‐valued function:
urn:x-wiley:00442267:media:zamm201700091:zamm201700091-math-0010be a negative semi‐definite matrix. Here, denotes the transpose of S and is an identity matrix. We show that the preceding matrix‐valued function is a negative semi‐definite matrix provided that
urn:x-wiley:00442267:media:zamm201700091:zamm201700091-math-0014These results extend the recent results obtained by Li et al. (Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci.) (2015) and Zhang (Math. Nachr.) (2016).We also study the special case with . The above matrix in this case is written as:
urn:x-wiley:00442267:media:zamm201700091:zamm201700091-math-0017For this case, we present a smooth function with such that the matrix‐valued function is a negative semi‐definite matrix provided that . This result extends the result obtained for this problem which asserts the boundedness of classical solutions under the condition . More precisely, by comparing the two conditions, we can write .
MHV amplitudes at strong coupling and linearized TBA equations
Authors: Ito Katsushi , Satoh Yuji , Suzuki Junji 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe maximally helicity violating (MHV) amplitudes of$$ \mathcal{N}=4 $$N=4super Yang-Mills theory at strong coupling are obtained by solving auxiliary thermodynamic Bethe ansatz (TBA) integral equations. We consider a limit where the TBA equations are linearized for large chemical potentials and masses therein. By solving the linearized equations, we derive analytic expansions of the 6-point MHV amplitudes in terms of the ratio of the chemical potentialAand the massM. The expansions are valid up to corrections exponentially small inAor inversely proportional to powers ofA. The analytic expansions describe the amplitudes for small conformal cross-ratios of the particle momenta in a standard basis, and interpolate the amplitudes with equal cross-ratios and those in soft/collinear limits. The leading power corrections are also obtained analytically. We compare the 6-point rescaled remainder functions at strong coupling and at 2 loops for the above kinematics. They are rather different, in contrast to other kinematic regions discussed in the literature where they are found to be similar to each other.
A novel TOPSIS–CBR goal programming approach to sustainable healthcare treatment
Authors: Malekpoor Hanif , Mishra Nishikant , Kumar Sameer 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCancer is one of the most common diseases worldwide and its treatment is a complex and time-consuming process. Specifically, prostate cancer as the most common cancer among male population has received the attentions of many researchers. Oncologists and medical physicists usually rely on their past experience and expertise to prescribe the dose plan for cancer treatment. The main objective of dose planning process is to deliver high dose to the cancerous cells and simultaneously minimize the side effects of the treatment. In this article, a novel TOPSIS case based reasoning goal-programming approach has been proposed to optimize the dose plan for prostate cancer treatment. Firstly, a hybrid retrieval process TOPSIS–CBR [technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) and case based reasoning (CBR)] is used to capture the expertise and experience of oncologists. Thereafter, the dose plans of retrieved cases are adjusted using goal-programming mathematical model. This approach will not only help oncologists to make a better trade-off between different conflicting decision making criteria but will also deliver a high dose to the cancerous cells with minimal and necessary effect on surrounding organs at risk. The efficacy of proposed method is tested on a real data set collected from Nottingham City Hospital using leave-one-out strategy. In most of the cases treatment plans generated by the proposed method is coherent with the dose plan prescribed by an experienced oncologist or even better. Developed decision support system can assist both new and experienced oncologists in the treatment planning process.
A Beginner's Guide to Mesoscale Survey with Quadrotor-UAV Systems
Authors: Olson Kyle G. , Rouse Lynne M. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTQuadrotor-UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) systems are becoming increasingly ubiquitous in archaeological field research for the production of digital elevation models and orthophoto mosaics of sites, monuments, and landscapes. In order to make up for the lack of suitable imagery to use in a larger project on the landscapes surrounding Bronze Age tell sites in the Murghab delta of eastern Turkmenistan, we developed a protocol for the deployment of out-of-the-box UAV systems to document sites and their immediate environs. This article discusses the fundamentals of aerial survey based on our experience deploying a quadrotor UAV, using examples from our case study of the site of Togolok 1. We argue that the approach we developed is particularly useful for mesoscale survey, between 1 and 5 km2, and is particularly useful for producing technical quality outputs, even by relative newcomers to UAV-based aerial survey.
A FLOW OF WEALTH: WASTEWATER DISPOSAL IN REPUBLICAN TIANJIN
Authors: Mu Cao 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTTianjin is the largest port city in Northern China and a major hub for water and land transportation. For geological reasons, the city has long been troubled by water drainage problems. To remove wastewater from within its walls, the city developed a drain system which relies on human labor and a series of variously sized ditches. Unlike the modern sewage system, which simply discharges wastewater into surrounding rivers and the sea, Tianjin's traditional wastewater disposal system worked in concert with an urban manure collection system. Urban wastewater was recycled as fertilizer, a valuable resource for the surrounding rural area. In tracing the origin, evolution, and influence of urban wastewater disposal in Tianjin, this article aims to reveal the potential value in Chinese traditional waste management practices. Contemporary urban waste disposal systems might benefit from a better understanding of the relationship between urban and rural areas that characterized these traditional practices.
On the couple dynamics of wall-mounted flexible plates in tandem
Authors: Jin Y. , Kim J.-T. , Mao Z. , Chamorro L. P. 
Published: August 2018

The dynamics of two rectangular, flexible plates of low aspect ratio $h/b$ (height/width = 4) was experimentally investigated in tandem arrangements under uniform flows at various Cauchy numbers $Ca=\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}_{f}bU_{0}^{2}h^{3}/(EI)\in [15,77]$ (where $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}_{f}$ is the fluid density, $U_{0}$ is the incoming flow velocity, $E$ is the Young’s modulus and $I$ is the second moment of the area) and spacings $s_{x}=\unicode[STIX]{x0394}x/h=0.5$, 1 and 2. Planar particle image velocimetry (PIV) and particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) were used to characterize the surrounding flow field and oscillations of the wall-mounted structures. Results show that the oscillations of the upstream plate were dominated by its natural frequency. However, the motions of the downstream plate were significantly modulated by the induced flow and coherent motions shed from the upstream structure. Such modulation led to highly correlated motions between the plates with similar amplitude in the case $s_{x}=0.5$, to comparatively larger oscillation amplitude of the downstream plate in the intermediate separation $s_{x}=1$, and roughly decoupled interaction for $s_{x}=2$. Despite that the intensity of the oscillations of the upstream plate increased monotonically with $Ca$, this was not the case for the downstream plate at $s_{x}=1$ and 2 due to flow fluctuations, vortex shedding and large structure deformation; as a result, it exhibited a local minimum. Supported with measurements, a mathematical model was derived to quantitatively explain this behaviour.
Mechanical energy budget and mixing efficiency for a radiatively heated ice-covered waterbody
Authors: Ulloa Hugo N. , Wüest Alfred , Bouffard Damien 
Published: August 2018

Ice-covered waterbodies are far from being quiescent systems. In this paper, we investigate ice-covered freshwater basins heated by solar radiation that penetrates across waters with temperatures below or near the temperature of maximum density. In this scenario, solar radiation sets a radiative buoyancy flux, $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}_{r}$, that forces increments of temperature/density in the upper fluid volume, which can become gravitationally unstable and drive convection. The goal of this study is twofold. We first focus on formulating the mechanical energy budget, putting emphasis on the conversion of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}_{r}$ to available potential energy, $E_{a}$. We find that $E_{a}$ results from a competition among $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}_{r}$ and the irreversible mixing controlled by the diapycnal and the laminar mixing rates, respectively. Secondly, and based on the above result, we introduce an integral formulation of the mixing efficiency to quantify the rate of mixing over the relevant time scale $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}$, $\unicode[STIX]{x1D702}_{c}\equiv \unicode[STIX]{x0394}E_{b,\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}}/E_{r,\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}}$, where $\unicode[STIX]{x0394}E_{b,\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}}$ and $E_{r,\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}}$ are the change of background potential energy and the time-integrated $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}_{r}$ over $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}$. The above definition is applied to estimate $\unicode[STIX]{x1D702}_{c}$ for the first time, finding an approximate value of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D702}_{c}\approx 0.65$. This result suggests that radiatively heated ice-covered waterbodies might be subject to high mixing rates. Overall, the present work provides a framework to examine energetics and mixing in ice-covered waters.
Peri-operative outcomes following major surgery for head and neck cancer in the elderly: institutional audit and case–control study
Authors: Subramaniam N , Balasubramanian D , Rka P , Rathod P , Murthy S , Vidhyadharan S , Rajan S , Paul J , Thankappan K , Iyer S 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectiveElderly patients have been consistently shown to receive suboptimal therapy for cancers of the head and neck. This study was performed to determine the peri-operative outcomes of these patients and compare them with those of younger patients.MethodsIn this retrospective analysis, 115 patients aged 70 years or more undergoing major surgery for head and neck cancers were matched with 115 patients aged 50–60 years, and univariate analysis was performed.ResultsElderly patients had a reduced performance status (p < 0.001) and more co-morbid illnesses (p = 0.007), but a comparable intra-operative course. They had a longer median hospital stay (p = 0.016), longer intensive care unit stay (p = 0.04), longer median tracheostomy dependence (p = 0.04) and were more often discharged with feeding tubes (p < 0.001). They also had a higher incidence of post-operative non-fatal cardiac events (p = 0.045).ConclusionElderly patients with good performance status should receive curative-intent surgery. Although hospital stay and tube dependence are longer, morbidity and mortality are comparable with younger patients.