bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the C2 benefits of dynamic and autonomous information prioritization and control over disrupted, intermittent and limited tactical edge networks
Authors: Lorke Rachna , Judd Gregory , Radenovic Vanja , Boyd Peter 
Published: December 2018

A prerequisite for exercising Agile C2, and thereby achieving decision superiority over the adversary, is the effective management of information across tactical networks. This in itself is a highly complex and challenging problem due to the limitations imposed by the Disrupted Intermittent and Limited (DIL) tactical networks and the increasing demands for information placed on those networks.In conjunction with the US Army Research Laboratory, Defence Science and Technology (DST) in Australia is developing an intelligent autonomous software agent, known as SMARTNet, that will attempt to address some of these difficult challenges. The idea behind SMARTNet is to introduce dynamic transformation, prioritisation and dissemination of tactical information based on a current military operational context and a current network state. The first iteration of the middleware, which was developed solely by DST, addresses the important use-case of dynamic prioritisation of Position Location Information (PLI) of friendly forces, in contention with other friendly tactical traffic. This paper outlines current land tactical needs and challenges in the information space and motivates the use of intelligent autonomous information management as a key part of any potential solution. We explore the methodology applied in developing our initial concept demonstrator and the experimentation performed to evaluate the PLI use-case. We present initial findings from the experiments, discuss the implications of these and conclude with recommendations for future work in the SMARTNet program.
PRODUKSI DAN PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI HAYATI (BIOKOMPOS, BIOAKTIVATOR DAN BIBIT UNGGUL BAWANG MERAH) PADA BUDIDAYA TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH
Authors: Sudantha I Made , Thei Ruth Stella Petrunella , Jayadi Irfan 
Published: December 2018

Tujuan IbM ini adalah petani dapat membuat secara mandiri bioaktivator dan biokompos dengan teknologi fermentasi menggunakan jamur saprofit T. harzianum isolat SAPRO-07 dan endofit T. koningii isolat ENDO-02. Selain itu petani dapat mengaplikasikan bioaktivator dan biokompos yang telah dibuat untuk tanaman bawang merah menggunakan bibit unggul. Metode kegiatan yang digunakan dalam program IbM dilaksanakan dengan metode pendidikan dan pelatihan (Diklat) yang dilanjutkan dengan kerja praktek di lapang dan kaji tindak partisipatif aktif (partisipatory action research) sejak persiapan hingga evaluasi. Pemberian materi menggunakan metode penyuluhan melalui ceramah dan diskusi yang dilakukan di Kelompok Tani “Senteluk II” dan “Aiq Genit” Desa Senteluk Kecamatan Batulayar Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Berdasarkan hasil yang telah dilaksanakan maka dapat ditarik beberapa kesimpulan sebagai berikut: (1). Pengetahuan anggota kelompok tani ternak “Senteluk II” menjadi meningkat dalam memahamami teknik pembuatan biokompos dan bioaktivator, dan anggota Kelompok Tani “Aiq Genit” menjadi meningkat dalam memahami teknik aplikasi biokompos dan bioaktivator pada budidaya tanaman bawang merah. (2). Keterampilan anggota kelompok tani ternak “Senteluk II” meningkat dalam pembuatan biokompos dan bioaktivator dan keterampilan anggota Kelompok Tani “Aiq genit” meningkat dalam mengaplikasikan biokompos dan bioaktivator pada budidaya tanaman bawang merah. Sebagai indikatornya adalah peserta pelatihan mampu membuat biokompos dan bioaktivator serta aplikasi biokompos dan bioaktivator pada tanaman bawang merah dilakukan secara mandiri. (3). Hasil biokompos yang diperoleh rata-rata sebanyak 4,0 ton dari target sebanyak 2,0 ton, dan hasil rata-rata bioaktivator rata-rata sebanyak 20 kg dari target 10 kg. (4). Hasil bawang merah yang diperoleh rata-rata sebanyak 14 ton/ha dari target sebanyak 12 ton/ha.
PENGARUH KONFLIK PEKERJAAN-KELUARGA TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA DAN KEPUASAN HIDUP (STUDI PADAPEREMPUAN ETNIS BALI YANG BEKERJA DI KOTA MATARAM)
Authors: Nurmayanti Siti , Buana Sakti Dwi Putra , Ardana Putra I Nyoman Nugraha , Wardani Laila 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRAKEtnis Bali, dimanapun mereka bermukim baik individu ataupun berkelompok akan selalu melaksanakan kehidupannya sebagaimana yang ada di daerah leluhurnya yaitu Pulau Bali. Pelaksanaan tata cara berkehidupan yang telah diatur dan diwariskan oleh leluhur etnis Bali berlaku bagi laki-laki dan perempuan. Tentu saja hal ini menambah peran bagi perempuan etnis Bali, terlebih bagi mereka yang bekerja. Perempuan etnis Bali yang bekerja dihadapkan pada pemenuhan kewajiban dalam berbagai peran. Kondisi ini apabila tidak dapat diselaraskan, dapat menimbulkan konflik Konflik yang timbul dapat berupa konflik pekerjaan-keluarga yang dapat berdampak pada kepuasan kerja dan kepuasan hidup.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh konflik pekerjaan keluarga terhadap kepuasan kerja perempuan etnis Bali yang bekerja dan menganalisis pengaruh konflik pekerjaan keluarga terhadap kepuasan hidup perempuan etnis Bali yang bekerja..Paradigma yang digunakandalampenelitianiniadalahparadigmapositivisdenganmetodekuantitatifsebagaidesain yang tepatuntukmencapaitujuanpenelitian.Melaluipendekataninipenelitimenyebarkankuesionerterstruktur yang ditujukanuntukmemperoleh data yang akandianalisis. kepada 149 orang respondenperempuan etnis Bali di Kota Mataram yang bekerja, Semua data dianalisismenggunakanPartial Least Squre (PLS).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konflik pekerjaan keluarga pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja perempuan etnis Bali yang bekerja dan konflik pekerjaan keluarga berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan hidup perempuan etmnis Bali yang bekerja.Kata Kunci: konflikpekerjaan-keluarga, kepuasan kerja, kepuasan hidup
Pengembangan Model Latihan Pasing Bawah Klub Bolavoli IKIP Budi Utomo Malang
Authors: Mu'arifuddin Moh. Ali 
Published: December 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengembangkan model latihan pasing bawah pada Tim Bolavoli IKIP Budi Utomo Malang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah model pengembangan research and development Borg and Gall. Hasil analisis persentase data dari uji validasi ahli diperoleh sejumlah 87,75% dengan kategori valid untuk ahli bolavoli dan 94,75% dengan kategori valid untuk ahli media, sehingga dinyatakan valid dan dapat digunakan pada Tim Bolavoli IKIP Budi Utomo. Hasil uji lapangan pada kelompok kecil dengan subjek 8 Pemain diperoleh persentase 87,63% dengan kategori valid dan uji coba kelompok besar dengan subjek 20 Pemain diperoleh persentase sebesar 91,41% dengan kategori valid. Berdasarkan hasil validasi ahli dan uji lapangan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa model latihan pasing bawah bolavoli ini valid dan dapat digunakan pada Tim Bolavoli IKIP Budi Utomo Malang.
Hydraulic Carica as A Local Commodity Potential Based Natural Scientific Instrument
Authors: Firdaus Firdaus , Mulyani Pamungkas Stiya 
Published: December 2018

<p>This research aimed to develop a local commodity potential based natural, scientific instrument called Hydraulic Carica (Hydrocar). It belonged to research and development studies. The instrument was developed through several stages: information acquisition, planning, development, validation and limited testing. It was validated by experts, practitioners and students during the limited testing stage. The product of research was a natural, scientific instrument based on local potential commodity in Wonosobo regency called Hydrocar (Hydraulic Carica). The instrument was developed according to the criteria with ”very good” scores on media, material and method aspects. Hydrocar is a suitable media for natural, sciences learning because it overcomes time and space limitation, improves students’ motivation and understanding and allows them to be more actively engaged in classroom.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Hydraulic Carica, Natural Scientific Instrument, Local Commodity Potential.</p>
PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF CORCHORUS OLITORIUS L. CULTIVATED IN IRAQ.
Authors: Hasen Hayder Taher 
Published: December 2018

Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the antiviral activity of the Corchorus olitorius family tiliaceae cultivated in Iraq against measles virus, and to demonstrate an overview about chemical constituents and pharmacological activity of Corchorus olitorius L.
Methods: Leaves of Corchorus. olitorius were defatted by maceration in hexane for 24 hrs. The defatted plant materials were subjected for extraction using Soxhlet apparatus, the aqueous methanol 85% as a solvent extraction for 24 hours, the extract was filtered, and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator to get a dry extract of about 12 gm. The residue was suspended in 100ml water, about 3-4ml of 5% sodium hydroxide was added to obtain a basic solution having PH 10 and partitioned with ethyl acetate (3x100ml), the aqueous layer collected and evaporated to dryness. MTT-cell viability assay (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) was conducted as on 96-well plates (Falcon), Vero cells were seeded at 1× 104 cells/well to obtain a multiplicity of infection (MOI 10), and at 5 × 103 cells/well to obtain multiplicity of infection (MOI 5).
Results: The different statistical result revealed a significant antiviral activity of the aqueous layer of Corchorus olitorius leaves against measles virus. the preliminary phytochemical tests show the presence of phenols and flavonoids in the aqueous layer of Corchorus olitorius leaves.
Conclusion: The antiviral activity of Corchorus olitorius leaves is mainly due to the phenolics and flavonoids that detected in the aqueous layer.
Ductile Iron
Authors: Jenkins Lyle R. , Forrest R.D. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article discusses the compositions, properties, and typical applications for ductile irons that are defined by U.S. and international standards . It describes the various methods used to test and inspect the metallurgical control processes in ductile iron production. The article discusses the effect of composition, graphite shape, and section size on the properties of ductile iron. The article also describes the mechanical properties of ductile iron at elevated temperatures. The heat treatment of ductile iron castings produces a significant difference in mechanical properties from as-cast ductile iron. A ductile iron generally has higher hardenability than a eutectoid steel with comparable alloy content. The article also discusses the physical properties of ductile iron, including density, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, electrical resistivity, and magnetic properties. Ductile iron has been chosen in many instances on the basis of significantly lower machining costs, which resulted in lower overall cost of the part.
Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Sheet and Strip
Authors:   ASM Committee on Steel Sheet and Strip, Hudok David , Mahaney J.K. , Kish S.A. , Cantwell A.P. , Van Meter Elgin 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article addresses classifications and designations for carbon and low-alloy steel sheet and strip product forms based on composition, quality descriptors, mechanical properties, and other factors. Carbon steel sheet and strip are available as hot-rolled and as cold-rolled products. Low-alloy steel sheet and strip are used primarily for applications that require the mechanical properties normally obtained by heat treatment. The descriptors of quality used for hot-rolled plain carbon steel sheet and strip and cold-rolled plain carbon steel sheet include structural quality, commercial quality, drawing quality, and drawing quality, special killed. The surface texture of low-carbon cold-rolled steel sheet and strip can be varied between rather wide limits. The modified low-carbon steel grades discussed in the article are designed to provide sheet and strip products having increased strength, formability, and/or corrosion resistance. The article also summarizes the key operations involved in the three alternative direct casting processes: thin slab, thin strip, and spray casting.
Cold-Finished Steel Bars
Authors:   ASM Committee on Cold-Finished Bars, Shupe K.M. , Smith Richard B. , Slavonic Steve , Leighton B.F. , Gismondi W. , Stubbles John R. , Boehm Kurt W. , Keane Donald M. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Cold-finished steel bars are carbon and alloy steel bar products (round, square, hexagonal, flat, or special shapes) that are produced by cold finishing previous hot-wrought bars. by means of cold drawing, cold forming, turning, grinding, or polishing (singly or in combination) to yield straight lengths or coils that are uniform throughout their length. Cold-finished bars fall into five classifications: cold-drawn bars; turned and polished bars; cold-drawn, ground, and polished bars; turned, ground, and polished bars; cold-drawn, turned, ground, and polished bars. Different size tolerances are applicable to cold-finished products, depending on shape, carbon content, and heat treatment. When used to identify cold-finished steel bars, the various quality descriptors are indicative of many characteristics, such as degree of internal soundness, relative uniformity of chemical composition, and relative freedom from detrimental surface imperfections. Cold drawing significantly increases machinability, tensile and yield strengths of steel bars. Two special die-drawing processes have been developed to give improved properties over those offered by standard drawing practices. These processes are cold drawing using heavier-than-normal drafts, followed by stress relieving; and drawing at elevated temperatures.
Steel Castings
Authors: Blair Malcolm 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Steel castings can be made from any of the many types of carbon and alloy steel produced in wrought form. They are divided into four general groups according to composition. Carbon and low-alloy steel castings can meet a wide range of application requirements because composition and heat treatment can be selected to achieve specific combinations of properties, including hardness, strength, ductility, fatigue, and toughness. This article discusses physical, mechanical, and engineering properties as well as fatigue properties and the effects of section size and heat treatment. Highly stressed steel castings for aircraft and for high-pressure or high-temperature service must pass rigid nondestructive inspection.
Ultrahigh-Strength Steels
Authors: Philip Thoni V. , McCaffrey Thomas J. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Structural steels with very high strength levels are often referred to as ultrahigh-strength steels. This article describes the commercial structural steels capable of a minimum yield strength of 1380 MPa (200 ksi). The ultrahigh-strength class of constructional steels includes several distinctly different families of steels. The article focuses on medium-carbon low-alloy steels, medium-alloy air-hardening steels, and high fracture toughness steels. The medium-carbon low-alloy family of ultrahigh-strength steels includes AISI/SAE 4130, the higher-strength 4140, and the deeper hardening, higher-strength 4340. Also from this family are descriptions for the 300M, D-6a and D-6ac, 6150, and 8640 steels. The medium-alloy air-hardening family of ultrahigh-strength steels includes H11 modified and H13 steels. The high fracture toughness family of ultrahigh-strength steels includes HP-9-4-30 steel and AF1410 steel. The article explains the mechanical properties and the heat treatments of the medium-carbon low-alloy steels, medium-alloy air-hardening steels, and high fracture toughness steels.
Sheet Formability of Steels
Authors: Granzow W.G. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Steel sheet is widely used for industrial and consumer products, partly because it is relatively strong, easily joined, and readily available at moderate cost. This article discusses the mechanical properties and formability of steel sheet, the use of circle grid analysis to identify the properties of complicated shapes, and various simulative forming tests. The mechanical properties of steel sheet that influence its forming characteristics, either directly or indirectly, can be measured by uniaxial tension testing. The article covers the effects of steel composition, steelmaking practices, and metallic coatings, as well as the correlation between microstructure and formability. A guide to the selection of steel sheet is also included. The formability of steel sheet is related to various microstructural features of the sheet. The article describes some of the forming characteristics of the more commonly used formable grades. It also lists the typical mechanical properties for common grades of hot-rolled and cold-rolled steel sheets.
Weldability of Steels
Authors: Liu S. , Indacochea J.E. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article aims to survey the factors controlling the weldability of carbon and low-alloy steels in arc welding. It discusses the influence of operational parameters, thermal cycles, and metallurgical factors on weld metal transformations and the susceptibility to hot and cold cracking. The article addresses the basic principles that affect the weldability of carbon and low-alloy steels. It outlines the characteristic features of welds and the metallurgical factors that affect weldability. It describes the common tests to determine steel weldability. There are various types of tests for determining the susceptibility of the weld joint to different types of cracking during fabrication, including restraint tests, externally loaded tests, underbead cracking tests, and lamellar tearing tests. Weldability tests are conducted to provide information on the service and performance of welds. The major tests that are discussed in this article are weld tension test, bend test, the drop-weight test, the Charpy V-notch test, the crack tip opening displacement test, and stress-corrosion cracking test.
Wrought and P/M Superalloys
Authors: Stoloff N.S. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article focuses on the properties of conventional wrought superalloys based on nickel, iron, and cobalt, as well as on the properties of alloys produced from powder. The powder metallurgy (P/M) category includes alloys that were originally developed as casting alloys; new alloy compositions developed specifically to benefit from powder processing; and oxide dispersion strengthened alloys (particularly those produced by mechanical alloying). The article discusses some of the applications of superalloys and emphazises the interplay between chemical composition, microstructure, consolidation method, mechanical properties and surface stability of wrought nickel alloys. Vacuum melting processes are a necessity for many nickel- and iron-nickel-base alloys because of the presence of aluminum and titanium as solutes. Cobalt-base alloys do not usually contain these elements and may be melted in air. An appendix to this article presents the property data and corresponding information on a family of cobalt-chromium-tungsten-carbon alloys that use P/M processing.
Aluminum-Lithium Alloys
Authors: James Richard S. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Aluminum-lithium alloys have been developed primarily to reduce the weight of aircraft and aerospace structures. This article commences with a discussion on the physical metallurgy and development of aluminum-lithium alloys. It focuses on major commercial aluminum-lithium alloys, including alloy 2090, alloy 2091, alloy 8090, alloy CP276, and Weldalite 049. The article also lists the chemical compositions, physical properties, fabrication characteristics, corrosion performance, and general applications of these alloys. A comparison of alloy properties is represented graphically.
High-Strength Aluminum Powder Metallurgy Alloys
Authors: Pickens J.R. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article discusses the applications of high-strength aluminum powder metallurgy (P/M) alloys, detailing the advantages, properties, and the various steps involved in P/M technology, including powder production, powder processing, and degassing and consolidation. Three areas of design efforts to push the inherent advantages of aluminum alloys to new limits are also covered: high ambient-temperature strength with improved corrosion and stress corrosion cracking resistance; improved elevated-temperature properties so aluminum alloys can more effectively compete with titanium alloys; and increased stiffness and/or reduced density for aluminum alloys to compete with organic composites. An appendix provides a detailed account of the properties, processing, and applications of conventionally pressed and sintered aluminum P/M alloys.
Beryllium-Copper and Other Beryllium-Containing Alloys
Authors: Harkness John C. , Spiegelberg William D. , Cribb W. Raymond 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Addition of beryllium, up to about 2 wt″, produces dramatic effects in copper, nickel, aluminum, magnesium, gold, zinc, and other base metal alloys. This article provides information on the chemical composition, microstructure, heat treatment, fabrication characteristics, production steps and physical metallurgy of beryllium-copper, beryllium-nickel, and beryllium-aluminum alloy, and tabulates their mechanical, electrical and physical properties, and temper designations. It describes the important features of this alloy group, including information on safe handling. Additionally, the article presents examples of the beneficial properties of beryllium-copper alloys and quantifies some of the major reasons for their selection for particular applications.
Refractory Metals and Alloys
Authors: Lambert John B. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
All refractory metals, except osmium and iridium, have the highest melting temperatures and lowest vapor pressures of all metals. This article discusses the commercial applications, and production procedures of refractory metals and alloys. These procedures include fabrication, machining, forming, cleaning, joining, and coatings. The article also presents information on, and specifications for, the following metals and their alloys: niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium, and refractory metal fiber-reinforced composites. It discusses the processes involved in their production, their mechanical properties, physical properties, thermal properties, electrical properties, chemical properties, applications, and corrosion resistance.
Electrical Resistance Alloys
Authors: Watson Robert A. , Jönsson Bo , Fielding George A. , Cunningham Donald V. , Starr C. Dean 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Electrical resistance alloys include those types used in instruments, control equipment, heating elements, and devices that convert heat generated to mechanical energy. This article discusses the basic classification of electrical resistance alloys (resistance alloys, heating alloys, and thermostat metals), their subtypes, properties, service life, and operating temperatures. It describes the designing and fabrication of open resistance and sheathed heaters. The article contains a collection of tables and graphs that provide information on the mechanical properties, chemical composition, temperature coefficient of resistance, furnace operating temperatures, length and spacing of loops, ribbon size, and electrical capacity of heating elements.