bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial role of Lactobacillus species as potential probiotics against enteropathogenic bacteria in chickens
Authors: Ahmed Zulfiqar , Vohra Muhammad Sufyan , Khan Muhammad Noman , Ahmed Ayaz , Khan Taseer Ahmed 
Published: February 2019

Introduction: The emergence of antimicrobial resistance among bacterial community resulted in a ban on drugs as the growth promoter in poultry feed. This situation demands to explore alternatives as food supplements with health benefit to poultry. Therefore, probiotic microorganisms, which are considered as safe and possess various health benefits can be a choice. Present study was designed to explore the probiotic potential of the isolated lactobacillus species in chickens.
Methodology: Out of 220 samples, 100 Lactobacillus species were isolated from various regions of chicken intestine. They were further characterized on the basis of morphology, staining and catalase test. Species-level identification was made by amplifying Lactobacillus specific 16S rRNA gene. Out of 100 isolates, 21 were selected for sequencing on the basis of band intensity.
Results: Among 21 sequences, 16 were identified as L. paracasei (n = 6), L. salivarius (n = 3), L. johnsonii (n = 3), and L. agilis, L. fermentum, L. sakei, and L. curvatus (n = 1 each). These strains were found to be significantly acid-tolerant with 81.68 - 85.01% survival rate at pH 2)and bile-tolerant with 81.96 -84.65% survival rate at 0.3% bile. Except three; all strains showed salt tolerance to 2% and 4% NaCl. Among 21 Lactobacillus strains, 6 showed good antimicrobial activities against S. aureus, Salmonella Typhimurium and E. coli.
Conclusion: Lactobacillus species with probiotic property can be used in poultry feed formulation for their health benefit to combat gastrointestinal infections.
Hepatic/splenic abscess and/or skin and soft tissue infection as predictors of melioidosis in children
Authors: Chanvitan Supatjaree , Geater Alan , Laoprasopwattana Kamolwish 
Published: February 2019

Introduction: Melioidosis can have multiple organ involvement which can then mimic other infections. The aim of this study was to determine if there are any factors significantly associated with melioidosis which can inform diagnostic evaluations before receiving the results of confirming laboratory testing.
Methodology: The charts of patients aged < 16 years admitted to Songklanagarind Hospital during 2002-2014 with a clinical presentation suspicious of melioidosis were reviewed.
Results: Of the 145 suspected cases, 27 patients had a confirmed diagnosis of melioidosis by either serology and/or culture. The melioidosis group had a higher proportion of patients with liver or splenic abscess (44.4% vs. 11.9%, p < 0.01) and were less likely to have splenomegaly by physical examination (3.7% vs. 22.9%, p = 0.02) than patients without melioidosis. Logistic regression analysis found that patients suspected of melioidosis who had (a) hepatic abscess or (b) splenic abscess or (c) skin or soft tissue infection were more likely to have melioidosis with likelihood ratios of 5.6, 4.0, and 2.2 respectively, and specificities of 0.94, 0.89, and 0.68 respectively. Suspected patients who did not have hepatic abscess, splenic abscess, or soft tissue infection were unlikely to have melioidosis with negative predictive value of 0.90.
Conclusion: patients who have clinically suspected melioidosis without skin or soft tissue infection should have hepatic-splenic ultrasonography performed, and suspected patients who have one of these 3 findings should be treated initially as melioidosis while waiting for culture or serologic test results.
La construction en terre crue au Néolithique
Authors: Sénépart Ingrid , Wattez Julia , Jallot Luc , Hamon Tony , Onfray Marylise 
Published: February 2019

Depuis une vingtaine d’années, plusieurs découvertes d’architectures en terre crue datées du Néolithique ou de l’âge du Bronze et effectuées dans le cadre d’opérations préventives et programmées en France amènent au constat suivant : la terre massive ou bauge est employée dans la construction de murs où elle assume un rôle porteur et dans l’aménagement de sols d’habitat dès le Néolithique ancien. À partir du Néolithique moyen, son usage est récurrent, des rives de la Méditerranée au littoral de la Manche et jusque dans le Centre de la France. Les premières découvertes en Provence et en Languedoc, dès les années 1990, puis dans le reste de l’Hexagone, ont ainsi modifié le schéma d’apparition des techniques constructives en terre crue jusque-là attribuées au Bronze final. Ces faits contribuent à faire évoluer notre conception de l’habitat durant la Préhistoire récente. L’article se propose de faire un bilan des dernières découvertes en la matière et d’ouvrir quelques perspectives de recherche sur le sujet.
Les « terrains vagues » de l’âge du Fer
Authors: Nicolai Caroline von 
Published: February 2019

Au cours du iie et du ier siècle avant notre ère, à la fin de l’âge du Fer, les premières villes font leur apparition dans le monde celtique. Ces sites, appelés généralement oppida, se distinguent des habitats et des fortifications de l’âge de Bronze et du Premier âge du Fer, notamment par leur énorme surface. L’occupation à l’intérieur des oppida étant souvent clairsemée, il est peu surprenant que beaucoup d’entre eux comportent des terrains vagues dont les fonctions varient sensiblement d’un site à l’autre : places publiques, zones utilisées comme champs, pâturages ou sites d’extraction de matières premières.
Du pré de la Cercle aux bains lavoirs publics de Caen
Authors: Dupont Hélène , Dauvin Antoine 
Published: February 2019

L'article se propose de croiser les données historiques et archéologiques afin d'illustrer les différents aménagements de « la Cercle », une presqu’île marécageuse touchant l'enceinte sud-ouest de la ville de Caen. Quelle qu’elle ait pu être au cours des siècles – pré exploité par les religieux du Moyen Âge au xvie siècle, bastion et foire royale du xvie au xviiie siècle, taudis, puis bains lavoirs publics au xixe siècle – l'utilisation de ce terrain renvoie tant à la question de son intégration dans le territoire urbanisé qu’à celle des moyens utilisés par les pouvoirs publics pour y parvenir, malgré des problématiques ou des nécessités différentes.
Un objet prophylactique ?
Authors: Fort Bérangère 
Published: February 2019

La fouille à Mandeure, en 2012, d’un îlot urbain mêlant activités artisanales et habitations a permis la découverte, au sein d’une forge en activité jusqu’au début du iiie siècle de notre ère, d’une pièce exceptionnelle, une intaille magique en argent. Ce matériau luxueux possède, selon Pline l’Ancien, des vertus protectrices et cicatrisantes.Présentant la morphologie classique des intailles en pierre ou en verre, cette pièce est gravée sur les deux faces. La face supérieure est ornée d’un motif figuratif qui demeure obscur bien que connu sur plus d’une dizaine d’intailles : un personnage ailé chevauchant un lion en marche qui piétine un personnage masculin à terre. Le félin fait face à un personnage féminin, situé à gauche, portant le bras droit vers son visage. Un croissant de lune et une étoile à huit rayons surmontent la scène. Au revers, une inscription est grec est gravée sur trois lignes. On lit l’invocation d’origine hébraïque Iaô Abraxas.Le contexte de découverte permet d’affiner la datation de ces intailles magiques dont les gravures semblent faire écho au développement des cultes à mystères venus d’Orient dans le courant des iie et iiie siècles.
Les procédés de façonnage des potiers gaulois en Cambrésis
Authors: Bardel David , Capt Pierre-Alain 
Published: February 2019

Les corpus céramiques des contextes funéraires d’époque gauloise (La Tène C et D) récemment découverts dans le Cambrésis se prêtent à une étude des traces de façonnage et à une reconnaissance des procédés de montages. Ils ont également fourni l’occasion de reconstituer certains gestes techniques dans une démarche d’expérimentation conduite par le potier P.-A. Capt. Cette approche liminaire permet ainsi de considérer les savoir-faire céramiques et leur évolution, soulignant notamment la poursuite de procédés traditionnels, mais aussi l’existence de procédés mixtes originaux utilisant des dispositifs de tournage, alors même que l’usage du montage au tour n’apparaîtra que tardivement avec la romanisation.
Les transferts de techniques potières
Authors: Willems Sonja , Borgers Barbara 
Published: February 2019

Les ateliers antiques de Bavay, Pont-sur-Sambre et Famars forment un groupe dont les productions sont difficiles à distinguer, car cruches et mortiers cuits en mode A sont tous tournés à partir d’argiles calcaires. Il est nécessaire pour différencier les trois officines de croiser les données typologiques et chronologiques avec une approche intégrant analyses macroscopiques, pétrographiques et chimiques. Ces dernières mettent en évidence la similarité des productions et livrent des informations complémentaires. Elles prouvent le mouvement des potiers d’une officine à l’autre, de même que le transfert de leurs techniques transmises de génération en génération. L’échantillonnage, par four et par type, montre que la production à base d’argiles calcaires évolue peu dans le temps. Les mélanges sont adaptés et ne varient que légèrement pendant trois siècles, traduisant une signature caractéristique d’un groupe de potiers.
Fours de potiers des xie et xiie siècles en Lorraine
Authors: Gérard Franck , Prouteau Rachel , Wiethold avec la collaboration de Julian 
Published: February 2019

La céramique produite par les artisans potiers de Chaillon entre la première moitié du xie siècle et la seconde moitié du xiie siècle a pu être étudiée grâce à 49 803 restes, trouvés en position secondaire dans deux fours probablement transformés en dépotoir ainsi que dans deux fosses « tessonnières » et dans des zones d’épandage très denses en céramique. Les pâtes produites se répartissent dans deux groupes techniques, caractérisés, l’un par une pâte à inclusions de calcaire coquillier, et l’autre par une pâte fine. Il s’agit d’une production homogène avec seulement cinq types de formes produits correspondant à des pots, des pots à col haut, des cruches, des poêlons et des jattes.
Práticas sustentáveis: estudo de caso em uma instituição de ensino superior
Authors: Peixoto Carol Soares Bezerra de Sá , Moraes Filho Rodolfo Araújo de , Moraes Ionete Cavalcanti de , Vieira Larissa Gomes Holanda de Sá , Souza Marlon Esdras Jessé de 
Published: February 2019

As Instituições Públicas de Ensino Superior podem ser entendidas como grandes consumidoras de bens e serviços, no caso do Brasil. Para diminuir os impactos negativos desse consumo, essas entidades possuem função primordial na difusão e implantação de ideias sustentáveis. Assim, esse estudo investigou as práticas sustentáveis adotadas pelos técnicos administrativos da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco – Unidade Acadêmica de Garanhuns (UFRPE/UAG), observando os eixos da Agenda Ambiental da Administração Pública (A3P), bem como o grau de conhecimento desses servidores sobre temáticas de sustentabilidade na Administração Pública. Utilizou-se como metodologia de abordagem o estudo de caso, sendo a pesquisa classificada como descritiva, de natureza qualitativa. Para o levantamento de dados, aplicou-se um questionário junto aos técnicos administrativos da Unidade e uma entrevista semiestruturada com o Diretor Administrativo. Os resultados demonstraram que na UFRPE/UAG existem várias iniciativas de ações sustentáveis, porém, não se percebeu nenhuma política institucional que vise o desenvolvimento sustentável da organização. Observou-se ainda que, os técnicos possuem conhecimento limitado sobre instrumentos de implantação de práticas sustentáveis, podendo acarretar dificuldades futuras para o estabelecimento dessas ações na Unidade estudada. A partir desses resultados, conclui-se que as medidas de sustentabilidade preconizadas pela A3P ainda não se encontram consolidadas na instituição.
Early Identification of Sensory Processing Difficulties in High-Risk Infants
Authors: Flanagan Joanne E. , Schoen Sarah , Miller Lucy Jane 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. Our objective was to determine the extent to which young children at high risk for sensory processing difficulties differed from those who were at low risk.
METHOD. We compared high- versus low-risk young children using standardized measures. High-risk participants had older siblings identified as having sensory processing difficulties after a comprehensive occupational therapy evaluation (n = 13); low-risk participants (n = 16) had typically developing siblings and no family history of sensory or other neurological disorders.
RESULTS. High-risk infants scored significantly lower on the Language and Cognitive scales of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development–Third Edition. The high-risk group presented with more atypical positions on the Toddler and Infant Motor Evaluation and fewer sensation-seeking behaviors on the Toddler Sensory Profile–2.
CONCLUSION. Results suggest that sensory, motor, cognitive, and language dimensions may be associated with sensory processing difficulties. Implications exist for the design of future studies and for early intervention.
Calcareous nannofossil assemblages of the Late Cretaceous Fiqa Formation, north Oman
Authors: Al Rawahi Zainab , Dunkley Jones Tom 
Published: February 2019

Abstract. This study presents the first detailed calcareous nannofossil assemblage data from the Late Cretaceous succession of the subsurface Aruma Basin, north Oman. The taxonomic description and documentation of assemblage composition are based on extensive quantitative analysis of ditch cuttings and side-wall samples from eight hydrocarbon exploration wells across north Oman. The samples studied from those wells cover the Coniacian to earliest Maastrichtian deep marine shales and marls of the subsurface Fiqa Formation. These fine-grained siliciclastic deposits often yield moderately to well-preserved nannofossil assemblages, especially in the Campanian intervals. Consequently, diverse assemblages have been recorded from the Fiqa Formation, with a total diversity of ∼200 species, including two new species, Staurolithites ormae sp. nov. and Chiastozygus fahudensis sp. nov., which are illustrated and described. Extensive imaging of this diversity is provided here, as are stratigraphic distributions of the main components from a key reference well in north Oman, W-4. Poorly described groups such as Staurolithites are closely investigated and their utility for stratigraphic applications is highlighted. Relative abundances of nannofossil taxa with strong palaeoenvironmental preferences have revealed new insights into the palaeo-productivity of the basin. High-fertility species like Discorhabdus ignotus, Biscutum constans and Zeugrhabdotus erectus show substantial variations in abundance throughout the Fiqa Formation, reflecting long-term shifts in the productivity conditions of the basin. This is supported by abundance patterns of Watznaueria barnesiae and Micula staurophora that show a broadly inverse correlation with the high-fertility species. The Fiqa Formation represents a key regional seal unit for the Cretaceous hydrocarbon reservoirs of Oman, as well as being a productive unit elsewhere in the Arabian Peninsula. Beyond the Aruma Basin of Oman, this study will provide a key reference point for future biostratigraphic or palaeoenvironmental analyses of the Late Cretaceous calcareous nannofossil assemblages across the Middle East and other southern Tethyan areas.
CARACTERIZACIÓN DEL CONSUMO DE DROGAS POR ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS DE CIENCIAS BÁSICAS DE LA SALUD
Authors: Licona Rivera Tania Soledad , Arita Chávez Jose Raúl , Días Torres Elia Lizeth , Cantillano Oliveros Grecia María , Zacapa Espinoza Yoel Alejandro 
Published: February 2019

Droga, es una sustancia de diverso origen que luego de su ingesta, produce modificaciones en el estado de conciencia, ánimo, percepciones, rendimiento físico o mental. Objetivo: Establecer la prevalencia del consumo de drogas en los estudiantes de Ciencias Básicas de la Escuela Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Valle de Sula (EUCS-UNAH/VS) en el primer semes- tre del 2015. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal, el universo estuvo formado por 1005 estudiantes que cursaban las asignaturas de ciencias básicas de la salud, se tomó una muestra estratificada de 278 estudiantes que aceptaron participar voluntariamente, a quienes se les aplicó una encuesta que constaba de 21 preguntas, 4 abiertas y 17 cerradas, los resultados fueron analizados en SPSS. Resultados: Se encontró que 80(29%) consumian algún tipo de drogas, entre ellas; alcohol 39 (48.8%), bebidas energizantes 13 (16.3%), marihuana 8 (10%). Además se encontró que 43 estudiantes (53.8%) lo hacían en el hogar. En cuanto a la distribución por carreras, se encontró que de los 143 estudiantes de medicina 49 (34%) consumían drogas, de los 80 de odontología 19 (24%) lo practicaban y de los 55 de enfermería 12 (22%) también consumian algún tipo de estas sustancias. Conclusiones: Un alto porcentaje de los estudiantes de ciencias básicas de la salud consumen algún tipo de drogas principalmente alcohol, siendo esta práctica más común entre los jóvenes de la carrera de medicina y realizandolo con mayor frecuencia en el hogar.

Palabras clave
Ciencias de la salud, consumidores de drogas, estudiantes del área de la salud
ESTILOS DE VIDA QUE PRACTICAN ESTUDIANTES DE LA ESCUELA UNIVERSITARIA DE CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD
Authors: Miranda Baquedano Vilma Mercedes , Ayes Panchamé Daniela María 
Published: February 2019

Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud estilos de vida son "una forma general de vida basada en la interacción entre las condiciones de vida y los patrones individuales de conducta determinados por factores socioculturales y características personales. Objetivo Describir los estilos de vida que practican estudiantes de la Escuela Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud en la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras en el Valle de Sula (EUCS-UNAHVS), durante el primer semestre del 2015. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo descriptivo transversal. Población 3540, muestra 347 estratificando por carrera: Enfermería 98, Odontología 164 y Medicina 85. Instrumento tipo encuesta, previo consentimiento informado. Resultados El 57% (198) consumían alimentos en cafetería, 33% (114) alimentos de casa y 10% (35) compraban en restau- rantes. El 47% (163) hacía ejercicio. El 28% (97) consumía más de 8 vasos con agua diarios. 51% (177) consumió bebidas alcohólicas. 30% (104) consumió sustancias psicoactivas. 59% (205) algunas veces duermen mínimo 7 horas. Conclusión Los resultados señalan que los estudiantes del área de la salud practican parcialmente los estilos de vida saludables ejerciendo algunas conductas de riesgo para su bienestar biopsicosocial.

Palabras clave
Conductas saludables, Estilo de vida, Estudiantes del área de la salud
PREVALENCIA DE OBESIDAD EN ESCOLARES EN DOS COMUNIDADES RURALES
Authors: Fuentes Carlos Amílcar , Guerra Juan José , Abujieres Cinea Mabeth , Coca Coster José , Alvarenga Danilo Fernando , Rodriguez José Edgardo , Murcia Mario Román 
Published: February 2019

El continuo incremento de la obesidad en niños constituye un importante problema de salud que requiere de la identificación precisa de su magnitud y tendencias. Objetivo: Establecer la prevalencia de obesidad en escolares del Centro Básico Ingeniero Luis Bográn (CBILB) y el Centro de Educación Básica Marco Aurelio Pinto (CEB- MAP) en el mes de agosto del año 2015. Pacientes y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal, durante el mes de agosto del año 2015, en escolares de dos Centros Básicos simultáneamente, el Centro Básico Ingeniero Luis Bográn, ubicado en la comunidad de Gualjoco, Santa Bárbara y el Centro de Educación Básica Marco Aurelio Pinto, ubicado en la comunidad de El Coowle, San Manuel, Cortés. Mediante muestreo probabilístico aleatorio estratificado se obtu- vo 154 y 93 escolares respectivamente, los cuales fueron evaluados antropométricamente. Los datos se analizaron mediante PASSW Statistics 18. Resultados: Se encontró que la prevalencia de obesidad en CBILB fue de 12.3%, siendo más frecuente en mujeres (7.14%) y en edades entre 9-11 años (7.79%) y en el CEBMAP fue de (6%), siendo más frecuente en hombres (7%). Conclusiones: La prevalencia de obesidad en escolares es significativa y varía según sexo y edad.
Palabras clave
Desarrollo infantil, Obesidad, Prevalencia
Beardsley’s Contextualism: Philosophical and Educational Significance
Authors: Lin Szu-Yen 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Monroe C. Beardsley has been interpreted by many theorists as advocating antiexternalism with respect to an artwork’s aesthetic properties, typically its meaning. According to this orthodox interpretation, the meaning of a work is not established by external or contextual factors but by what is internally present in the work. This acontextual account of meaning is challenged by contextualism, which claims that a work’s identity and meaning are in part determined by contextual factors. However, a close look at textual evidence shows that Beardsley actually leans toward contextualism. In particular, his speech act theory of literature compels him to hold an explicit contextualist position with respect to nonfictional works seen as illocutions. Thus, the central task of this paper is to vindicate the contextualist interpretation of Beardsley. Doing so has important implications for aesthetic education understood in its broadest terms. Contextualism, more than antiexternalism, prompts us to appreciate artworks with greater sensibility and sophistication. Reinterpreting Beardsley as a contextualist thereby makes his views more relevant than they otherwise might seem to the goals of aesthetic education.
Aesthetic Properties, the Acquaintance Principle, and the Problem of Nonperceptual Arts
Authors: Focosi Filippo 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Aesthetic theories of art have always had trouble with nonperceptual artworks. James Shelley’s solution of broadening the notion of perception to cover properties that are directly felt is incomplete, until we specify what kind of response to a given property suffices to qualify it as aesthetic. I argue that all aesthetic properties are inherently evaluative and always prompt a positive response in the perceiver, since they are the outcome of an unpredictable and successful interpenetration of formal and semantic elements. An aesthetic definition can legitimately deny that conceptual works are art to the extent that they are not able to formally support the aesthetic qualities usually attributed to them, as is shown by their lack of compliance with the acquaintance principle, while at the same time the definition does not run the risk of undermining the aesthetic status of literature, on which it sheds new light.