bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mutation of TP53, translocation analysis and immunohistochemical expression of MYC, BCL-2 and BCL-6 in patients with DLBCL treated with R-CHOP
Authors: Peroja Pekka , Pedersen Mette , Mantere Tuomo , Nørgaard Peter , Peltonen Jenni , Haapasaari Kirsi-Maria , Böhm Jan , Jantunen Esa , Turpeenniemi-Hujanen Taina , Rapakko Katrin , Karihtala Peeter , Soini Ylermi , Vasala Kaija , Kuittinen Outi 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDiffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive lymphoma with diverse outcomes. Concurrent translocation of MYC and BCL-2 and/or BCL-6, and concurrent immunohistochemical (IHC) high expression of MYC and BCL-2, have been linked to unfavorable treatment responses. TP53-mutated DLBCL has also been linked to worse outcome. Our aim was to evaluate the aforementioned issues in a cohort of 155 patients uniformly treated with R-CHOP-like therapies. We performed direct sequencing of TP53 exons 5, 6, 7 and 8 as well as fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) of MYC, BCL-2 and BCL-6, and IHC of MYC, BCL-2 and BCL-6. In multivariate analysis, TP53 mutations in L3 and loop-sheet helix (LSH) associated with a risk ratio (RR) of disease-specific survival (DSS) of 8.779 (p = 0.022) and a RR of disease-free survival (DFS) of 10.498 (p = 0.011). In IHC analysis BCL-2 overexpression was associated with inferior DFS (p = 0.002) and DSS (p = 0.002). DLBCL with BCL-2 and MYC overexpression conferred inferior survival in all patients (DSS, p = 0.038 and DFS, p = 0.011) and in patients with non-GC phenotype (DSS (p = 0.013) and DFS (p = 0.010). Our results imply that in DLBCL, the location of TP53 mutations and IHC analysis of BCL-2 and MYC might have a role in the assessment of prognosis.
Preparation of cationized gelatin nanospheres incorporating molecular beacon to visualize cell apoptosis
Authors: Murata Yuki , Jo Jun-ichiro , Tabata Yasuhiko 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe objective of this study is to prepare cationized gelatin nanospheres (cGNS) incorporating a molecular beacon (MB), and visualize cellular apoptosis. Two types of MB to detect the messenger RNA (mRNA) of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) (GAP MB), and caspase-3 (casp3 MB) were incorporated in cGNS, respectively. MB incorporated in cGNS showed the DNA sequence specificity in hybridization. The cGNS incorporation enabled MB to enhance the stability against nuclease to a significantly great extent compared with free MB. The cGNS incorporating GAP MB were internalized into the KUM6 of a mouse bone marrow-derived stem cell by an endocytotic pathway. The cGNS were not distributed at the lysosomes. After the incubation with cGNS, the cell apoptosis was induced at different concentrations of camptothecin. No change in the intracellular fluorescence was observed for cGNSGAPMB. On the other hand, for the cGNScasp3MB, the fluorescent intensity significantly enhanced by the apoptosis induction of cells. It is concluded that cGNS incorporating MB is a promising system for the visualization of cellular apoptosis.
Risk assessment of prolonged jaundice in infants at one month of age: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Weng Yi-Hao , Cheng Shao-Wen , Yang Chun-Yuh , Chiu Ya-Wen 
Published: September 2018

AbstractProlonged jaundice is a commonly evaluated condition. The aim of this study was to assess the risk factors of jaundice in healthy infants at one month of age. This prospective cohort study enrolled 509 healthy infants from 2013 to 2018. Those with gestational age (GA) less than 35 weeks, birth weight less than 2000 grams, and illness were not enrolled. Jaundice was defined as a transcutaneous bilirubin value ≥5 mg/dL at 25–45 days of age. Umbilical cord blood samples were obtained to examine seven common gene variants. The incidence of prolonged jaundice was 32.2%. Prolonged jaundice was more common in infants with exclusive breastfeeding (p < 0.001), GA 35~37 w (p = 0.001), stool passage >4 times/d (p < 0.001), previous phototherapy (p < 0.001), and gene variant of G to A at nt 211 of UGT1A1 (p = 0.004). A multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated the greatest risk for prolonged jaundice was exclusive breastfeeding (OR = 2.818, 95% CI = 1.851–4.292), followed by previous phototherapy (OR = 2.593, 95% CI = 1.716–3.919), GA 35~37 w (OR = 2.468, 95% CI = 1.350–4.512), and G to A at nt 211 of UGT1A1 (OR = 1.645, 95% CI = 1.070–2.528). In conclusion, infants with exclusive breastfeeding, GA 35~37 w, previous phototherapy, or G to A at nt 211 of UGT1A1 are at greater risk of prolonged jaundice. Healthcare professionals should consider these risk factors in their assessment of prolonged jaundice.
From second to hundredth opinion in medicine: A global consultation platform for physicians
Authors: Muse Evan D. , Godino Job G. , Netting Jessa F. , Alexander James F. , Moran Helen J. , Topol Eric J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSerious medical diagnostic errors lead to adverse patient outcomes and increased healthcare costs. The use of virtual online consultation platforms may lead to better-informed physicians and reduce the incidence of diagnostic errors. Our aim was to assess the usage characteristics of an online, physician-to-physician, no-cost, medical consultation platform, Medscape Consult, from November 2015 through October 2017. Physicians creating original content were noted as “presenters” and those following up as “responders”. During the study period, 37,706 physician users generated a combined 117,346 presentations and responses. The physicians had an average age of 56 years and were from 171 countries on every continent. Over 90% of all presentations received responses with the median time to first response of 1.5 h. Overall, computer- and device-based medical consultation has the capacity to rapidly reach a global medical community and may play a role in the reduction of diagnostic errors.
Wide‐tuning range programmable threshold comparator using capacitive source‐voltage shifting
Authors: Martens E. , Hershberg B. , Craninckx J. 
Published: September 2018

A comparator circuit with a built‐in programmable threshold is proposed. The threshold is embedded by providing different initial source voltages to each of the input transistors. This source‐voltage shifting is done by means of a tunable capacitance, which can synthesise a very wide range of initial voltages, even voltages beyond the supply. This results in a power‐efficient comparator structure with a very wide programmable tuning range and low decision delay. The inherently small integrating capacitance of the structure allows for high speed operation even when using small device sizes, minimising input capacitance and maximising efficiency. A practical transistor‐level implementation is simulated in a standard 16 nm CMOS technology on a 0.8 V supply, with a tuning range of at least 568 mV.
Single‐phase five‐level Z‐source T‐type inverter
Authors: Luong Hoan‐Tien , Nguyen Minh‐Khai , Tran Tan‐Tai 
Published: September 2018

This study introduces a new single‐phase Z‐source T‐type inverter (SPZT2I) with five‐level voltage at the output. The proposed inverter allows the power switches in a phase leg conducting simultaneously without any problems. Moreover, the proposed inverter can produce the buck–boost output voltage with a single‐stage power conversion. Two shoot‐through control strategies are presented to create a five‐level voltage at the output. Operating principles, theoretical analysis, and comparison of the proposed SPZT2I with the conventional five‐level inverters are illustrated. Also, the simulation results using PSIM software are provided. Finally, a 400 W prototype is constructed to confirm properties of the proposed concepts.
Reduced Anterolateral Thigh Flap Donor-Site Morbidity Using Incisional Negative Pressure Therapy
Authors: Cuevas Pedro , Rodriguez José , Pereira Nicolás , Ramirez Enrica , Yañez Ricardo , Mangelsdorff Gunther 
Published: September 2018

Background Primary closure of the donor-site after harvest of a large anterolateral thigh flap (ALT) is associated with significant morbidity. Incisional negative pressure therapy (INPT) may decrease complications in high-risk incisions. This study assessed if the incidence of complications after primary closure of the ALT flap donor-site decreases with INPT.
Methods Retrospective cohort study of a prospectively maintained database including patients who underwent upper and lower limb reconstruction, using an ALT free flap with primary closure of the donor-site. Two groups were defined: primary closure and INPT (study group) and primary closure with traditional dressings (control group). Nonparametric statistics were employed to identify prognostic factors, p < 0,05.
Results Fifty-eight free ALT flaps in 58 patients (study group n = 28; control group n = 30) were included. Median flap width and length were 9 cm (range: 5–14) and 25 cm (range: 10–48), respectively. Median follow-up was 19 months (range: 3–78 months). No significant differences in age or flap size were identified in both groups (p > 0.05). The global complication rate was 7.14% (n = 2) in the INPT group, and 37% (n = 11) in the control group (p = 0.007). The study group had a lower dehiscence and skin necrosis rate (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed IPNT was associated with a significant reduction of donor-site complications (p = 0.006), especially in patients with defects > 8 cm (p = 0.003).
Conclusion In this cohort study the use of INPT significantly reduced the donor-site morbidity after ALT flap harvest.
Neutral and selective dynamics in a synthetic microbial community
Authors: Cira Nate J. , Pearce Michael T. , Quake Stephen R. 
Published: September 2018

Significance
We created a synthetic microbial community to help understand how evolution and selection pressure change the species diversity of an ecosystem. Our results show that there is a clear transition between neutral and selective regimes that depends on the rate of immigration as well as the fitness differences.
Dynamics and determinants of the force of infection of dengue virus from 1994 to 2015 in Managua, Nicaragua
Authors: Katzelnick Leah C. , Ben-Shachar Rotem , Mercado Juan Carlos , Rodriguez-Barraquer Isabel , Elizondo Douglas , Arguello Sonia , Nuñez Andrea , Ojeda Sergio , Sanchez Nery , Lopez Mercado Brenda , Gresh Lionel , Burger-Calderon Raquel , Kuan Guillermina , Gordon Aubree , Balmaseda Angel , Harris Eva 
Published: September 2018

Significance
A recently licensed dengue vaccine requires pre-vaccination screening for dengue virus (DENV)-specific antibodies and was initially recommended for use only in areas with high DENV transmission. However, DENV transmission intensity is not static. We show that the age at which children acquired DENV-specific immunity more than doubled during the observational period (2004–2015) of a pediatric cohort study in Managua, Nicaragua. A high force of infection of DENV in the 1990s could be explained by the introduction of a novel DENV serotype, while a gradual decline in force of infection could be explained by a long-term population demographic transition. Such dynamics make DENV transmission intensity a problematic metric for designing, implementing, and evaluating interventions and for selecting target age groups/sites.
L’état des lieux de la formation en traduction professionnelle au Nouveau-Brunswick
Authors: Merkle Denise 
Published: September 2018

Résumé
Cet article a pour objet de promouvoir la recherche sur un modèle de cursus en traduction professionnelle adapté à la réalité
canadienne et conçu pour répondre à un monde en mutation, dont le Canada fait partie intégrante. L’accent traditionnel mis
sur les compétences en lecture, en écriture et en calcul dans le système scolaire se déplace vers les compétences en manipulation
technologique, alors qu’on oublie fréquemment que l’apprentissage dans les domaines techniques et scientifiques
peut être miné par la maîtrise insuffisante de la langue maternelle (lecture et écriture) tout comme par celle du calcul, car la
littératie est à la base de l’apprentissage. En effet, nos sociétés technocratiques et mercantiles valorisent de moins en
moins ce qui semble avoir été autrefois la voie royale menant à la profession de traducteur, à savoir la maîtrise du français
écrit grâce au cours classique, formation dispensée par des établissements d’enseignement secondaire et post-secondaire au
Canada français avant la création des cégeps, les décriant comme étant peu utiles. Le moment est arrivé de repenser les cursus de
traduction professionnelle afin de tenir compte de cette nouvelle réalité en matière de littératie.
Alternations in contact and non-contact varieties
Authors: Kruger Haidee , De Sutter Gert 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe Multifactorial Prediction and Deviation Analysis (MuPDAR) method (Gries & Deshors 2014) represents an influential methodological advance in studying variation in contexts where linguistic choices in a “peripheral” variety (learner language, New Englishes) are studied in relation to the “central” variety. In this article we demonstrate how the method may be extended to study how varieties produced in settings of language contact (including translation) differ from non-contact varieties, particularly with respect to the degree of lexicogrammatical explicitness. We use the method to determine how (dis)similar the factors governingthat-omission are in two different types of contact varieties, namely South African translated (trans-SAE) and South African non-translated English (SAE), in relation to British (GBE) English. The results show that the choices made in the contact varieties can be predicted to a reasonable extent, although South African translators and South African non-translators have a higher and lower inclination respectively to use explicitthatcompared to GBE non-translators. Based on the findings, we re-evaluate the explanations proposed for the increased explicitness of translated language through the frame of language contact, outlining the advantages of multifactorial methods over the frequency-based methods favoured in earlier studies.
Rejuvenating Mississippi River's Post‐Harvest Shipping
Authors: Wetzstein Brian , Florax Raymond , Foster Kenneth , Binkley James 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe Mississippi River plays a vital role in the global competitiveness of U.S. agricultural commodities. The key to the river's effectiveness is how efficiency it can carry bulk loads. However, limited research has investigated how barge‐load size affects efficiency. It is hypothesized that increasing the load‐size will enhance barge transportation efficiency. As a test, a vector autoregressive model was developed, with results supporting the hypothesis. Barge‐rate volatility and magnitude may be reduced by regulating draft depth, which is the main constraint for barge load size.
A Phase 2, Randomized, Control Trial of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) Type III Capsular Polysaccharide-tetanus Toxoid (GBS III-TT) Vaccine to Prevent Vaginal Colonization With GBS III
Authors: Hillier Sharon L , Ferrieri Patricia , Edwards Morven S , Ewell Marian , Ferris Daron , Fine Paul , Carey Vincent , Meyn Leslie , Hoagland Dakota , Kasper Dennis L , Paoletti Lawrence C , Hill Heather , Baker Carol J 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Background
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) frequently colonizes pregnant women and can cause sepsis and meningitis in young infants. If colonization was prevented through maternal immunization, a reduction in perinatal GBS disease might be possible. A GBS type III capsular polysaccharide (CPS)-tetanus toxoid conjugate (III-TT) vaccine was evaluated for safety and efficacy in preventing acquisition of GBS colonization.

Methods
Healthy, nonpregnant women aged 18–40 years and screened to be GBS III vaginal and rectal culture negative were randomized to receive III-TT conjugate or tetanus diphtheria toxoid vaccine in a multicenter, observer-blinded trial. GBS vaginal and rectal cultures and blood were obtained bimonthly over 18 months. Serum concentrations of GBS III CPS-specific antibodies were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results
Among 1525 women screened, 650 were eligible for the intent-to-treat analysis. For time to first acquisition of vaginal GBS III, vaccine efficacy was 36% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1%–58%; P = .044), and for first rectal acquisition efficacy was 43% (95% CI, 11% to 63%; P = .014). Two months post-immunization, geometric mean concentrations of serum GBS type III CPS-specific immunoglobulin G were 12.6 µg/mL (95% CI, 9.95 to 15.81) in GBS III-TT recipients, representing a 4-fold increase from baseline in 95% of women, which persisted. Both vaccines were well tolerated.

Conclusions
GBS CPS III-TT conjugate vaccine significantly delayed acquisition of vaginal and rectal GBS III colonization. In addition to its use for maternal immunization to passively protect infants with maternally derived antibodies, a multivalent vaccine might also serve to reduce fetal and neonatal exposure to GBS.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT00128219.
Hyperencapsulated mucoid pneumococcal isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis have increased biofilm density and persistence in vivo
Authors: Dennis Evida A , Coats Mamie T , Griffin Sarah , Pang Bing , Briles David E , Crain Marilyn J , Swords W Edward 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMucoid bacteria, predominately Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are commonly associated with decline in pulmonary function in children with cystic fibrosis (CF), and are thought to persist at least in part due to a greater propensity toward forming biofilms. We isolated a higher frequency of mucoid Streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp) expressing high levels of capsular polysaccharides from sputa from children with CF, compared to those without CF. We compared biofilm formation and maturation by mucoid and non-mucoid isolates of Sp collected from children with and without CF. Non-mucoid Sp serotype 19A and 19F isolates had significantly higher levels of biofilm initiation and adherence to CF epithelial cells than did serotype 3 isolates. However, strains expressing high levels of capsule had significantly greater biofilm maturation, as evidenced by increased density and thickness in static and continuous flow assays via confocal microscopy. Finally, using a serotype 3 Sp strain, we showed that highly encapsulated mucoid phase variants predominate during late adherence and better colonize CFTR–/– as compared to wild-type mice in respiratory infection studies. These findings indicate that overexpression of capsule can enhance the development of mature pneumococcal biofilms in vitro, and may contribute to pneumococcal colonization in CF lung disease.
Current closure in the pulsar magnetosphere
Authors: Contopoulos I 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
Current closure in the pulsar magnetosphere holds the key to its structure. We must determine not only the global electric circuit, but also the source of its electric charge carriers. We address this issue with the minimum number of assumptions: (1) The magnetosphere is everywhere ideal and force free, except above the polar cap and in some finite part of the current sheet; and (2) pairs are produced above the polar cap with multiplicity κ. We show that a thin region of width δ ≈ rpc/2κ ≪ rpc along the rim of the polar cap provides all the charges that are needed in the equatorial and separatrix electric current sheet. These charges are transferred to the current sheet in a narrow dissipation zone just outside the magnetospheric Y-point. The maximum accelerating potential in this region is equal to the potential drop in the thin polar cap rim, which is approximately equal to 1/κ times the potential drop from the centre to the edge of the polar cap. The dissipated electromagnetic energy is approximately equal to 1.5/κ times the total pulsar spin-down energy loss. Our framework allows to calculate the high-energy emission in terms of the pair multiplicity.
Attributes, Attitudes, and Practices of Clinicians Concerned with Opioid Prescribing
Authors: Razouki Zayd , Khokhar Bushra A , Philpot Lindsey M , Ebbert Jon O 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Background
Many clinicians who prescribe opioids for chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) express concerns about opioid misuse, addiction, and physiological dependence. We evaluated the association between the degree of clinician concerns (highly vs less concerned), clinician attributes, other attitudes and beliefs, and opioid prescribing practices.

Methods
A web-based survey of clinicians at a multispecialty medical practice.

Results
Compared with less concerned clinicians, clinicians highly concerned with opioid misuse, addiction, and physiological dependence were more confident prescribing opioids (risk ratio [RR] = 1.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08–1.67) but were more reluctant to do so (RR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.03–1.25). They were more likely to report screening patients for substance use disorder (RR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.01–1.37) and to discontinue prescribing opioids to a patient due to aberrant opioid use behaviors (RR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.13–1.50). They were also less likely to prescribe benzodiazepines and opioids concurrently (RR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.25–0.65). Highly concerned clinicians were more likely to work in clinics which engage in “best practices” for opioid prescribing requiring urine drug screening (RR = 4.65, 95% CI = 2.51–8.61), prescription monitoring program review (RR = 2.90, 95% CI = 1.84–4.56), controlled substance agreements (RR = 4.88, 95% CI = 2.64–9.03), and other practices. Controlling for clinician concern, prescribing practices were also associated with clinician confidence, reluctance, and satisfaction.

Conclusions
Highly concerned clinicians are more confident but more reluctant to prescribe opioids. Controlling for clinician concern, confidence in care and reluctance to prescribe opioids were associated with more conservative prescribing practices.
CE: Acute Pain Management for People with Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Broglio Kathleen , Matzo Marianne 
Published: September 2018

Medication-assisted treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD), which incorporates methadone, buprenorphine, or naltrexone, has been shown to reduce all-cause mortality rates in patients with this disease—and the numbers of patients receiving such treatment is substantial. In 2016, among U.S. patients with OUD, nearly 350,000 were treated with methadone, more than 60,000 were treated with buprenorphine, and more than 10,000 were treated with naltrexone. Managing acute pain in patients receiving this treatment can be a significant nursing challenge. The authors discuss the attributes of the three medications used to treat OUD and, through a composite patient case, review how to manage acute pain effectively in patients receiving this type of treatment.
This article is one in a series on palliative care developed in collaboration with the Hospice and Palliative Nurses Association (https://advancingexpertcare.org), which offers education, certification, advocacy, leadership, and research on palliative care.