bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MiR‐302 enhances the viability and stemness of male germline stem cells
Authors: Zhu Haijing , Zheng Liming , Wang Long , Tang Furong , Hua Jinlian 
Published: August 2018

ContentsMicroRNAs were reported to be able to regulate mGSCs’ self‐renewal through post‐transcriptional inhibition of gene expression. miR‐302 worked as one important microRNA family existed mainly in human ESCs, and its role in mGSCs has not been reported yet. To elucidate the role of miR‐302 in dairy goat mGSCs, the expression profile of miR‐302 was explored through qPCR and FISH. Furthermore, to detect the function of miR‐302, the expression vector containing miR‐302 was transfected into mGSCs, and then, the cell cycle, the cell apoptosis and the genes associated with mGSCs’ self‐renewal and differentiation were examined. The results showed that miR‐302 expressed in testis moderately and located on the basement of seminiferous tubes which shared the same location as mGSCs. Transfection of the vector containing miR‐302 fragment into the immortalized mGSCs obviously enhanced the cell proliferation ability and the attachment ability, also, promoted the expression level of CD49f and OCT4. Also, miR‐302 reduced the cell apoptosis and downregulated the expression of P21. miR‐302 sustained mGSCs’ proliferation in vitro.
Effects of mindfulness-based interventions on alexithymia: a systematic review
Authors: Norman Hilary , Marzano Lisa , Coulson Mark , Oskis Andrea 
Published: August 2018

QuestionAlexithymia has been found to be modifiable through treatment, with associated clinical benefits. Recent studies have begun to test the potential of mindfulness-based interventions to reduce alexithymia, using skills-based, group training to improve non-judgemental, present-moment awareness. The objective of this review therefore was to conduct a systematic synthesis to assess the current state of knowledge about the effect of mindfulness-based interventions on alexithymia to inform clinical practice.Study selection and analysisWe carried out a systematic review of the literature and found four randomised controlled trials of the effect of mindfulness-based interventions on alexithymia, with a combined total of 460 participants.FindingsA random-effects meta-analysis, combining study endpoint data, showed a statistically significant effect of mindfulness-based treatment on alexithymia (Toronto Alexithymia Scale) compared with the control group (mean difference=−5.28, 95% CI −9.28 to −1.28, p=0.010). Subgroup analysis was conducted to investigate sources of heterogeneity (I2=52%). Heterogeneity was reduced when the meta-analysis was restricted to interventions of a similar duration (3 months or less).ConclusionsFindings from our study should be replicated in further research with larger samples; however, the results indicate that mindfulness-based interventions may be an effective treatment in reducing alexithymia.
Results of the British Society of Gastroenterology supporting women in gastroenterology mentoring scheme pilot
Authors: Smith Katherine H , Hallett Rachel Justine , Wilkinson-Smith Victoria , Neild Penny Jane , Brooks Alenka J , Lockett Melanie Jane , Thomas-Gibson Siwan , Eaden Jayne Alison , Edwards Cathryn 
Published: August 2018

IntroductionMentorship has long been recognised as beneficial in the business world and has more recently been endorsed by medical and academic professional bodies. Recruitment of women into gastroenterology and leadership roles has traditionally been difficult. The Supporting Women in Gastroenterology network developed this pilot scheme for female gastroenterologists 5 years either side of the Completion Certificate of Specialist Training (CCST) to examine the role that mentorship could play in improving this discrepancy.MethodFemale gastroenterology trainees and consultant gastroenterologists within 5 years either side of CCST were invited to participate as mentees. Consultant gastroenterologists of both genders were invited to become mentors. 35 pairs of mentor:mentees were matched and completed the scheme over 1 year. Training was provided.ResultsThe majority of the mentees found the sessions useful (82%) and enjoyable (77%), with the benefit of having time and space to discuss professional or personal challenges with a gastroenterologist who is not a colleague. In the longitudinal study of job satisfaction, work engagement, burnout, resilience, self-efficacy, self-compassion and work-life balance, burnout scale showed a small but non significant improvement over the year (probably an effect of small sample size). Personal accomplishment improved significantly. The main challenges were geography, available time to meet and pair matching. The majority of mentors surveyed found the scheme effective, satisfying, mutually beneficial (70%) and enjoyable (78%).ConclusionMentorship is shown to be beneficial despite the challenges and is likely to improve the recruitment and retention of women into gastroenterology and leadership roles, but is likely to benefit gastroenterologists of both genders.
Five-year outcomes of transcatheter reduction of significant mitral regurgitation in high-surgical-risk patients
Authors: Kar Saibal , Feldman Ted , Qasim Atif , Trento Alfredo , Kapadia Samir , Pedersen Wesley , Lim D Scott , Kipperman Robert , Smalling Richard W , Bajwa Tanvir , Hermann Howard C , Hermiller James B , Lasala John M , Reisman Mark , Glower Donald , Mauri Laura , Whitlow Patrick 
Published: August 2018

ObjectivesThis study evaluates the 5-year clinical outcomes of transcatheter mitral valve (MV) repair with the MitraClip device in patients at high risk for MV surgery treated in the Endovascular Valve Edge-to-Edge Repair (EVEREST) II High Risk Study (HRS).MethodsPatients with mitral regurgitation (MR) 3+ or 4+ and predicted surgical mortality risk ≥12% or surgeon assessment based on prespecified high-risk factors were enrolled. Patients prospectively consented to 5 years of follow-up.ResultsAt 5 years, clinical follow-up was achieved in 90% of 78 enrolled patients. The rate of postprocedural adverse events declined from 30 days to 1 year follow-up and was stable thereafter through 5 years. Two patients (2.6%) developed mitral stenosis (MS). Two patients underwent MV surgery, including one due to MS. A total of 42 deaths were reported through 5 years. Effectiveness measures at 5 years showed reductions in MR severity to ≤2+ in 75% of patients (p=0.0107), left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume (−38.2 mL; 95% CI −55.0 to –21.4; p<0.0001) and LV end-systolic volume (−14.6 mL; 95% CI −27.7 to −1.5; p=0.0303) compared with baseline. The New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class improved from baseline to 5 years (p<0.005), and septal-lateral annular dimensions remained stable with no indication of mitral annular dilation through 5 years.ConclusionsThe EVEREST II HRS demonstrated long-term safety and efficacy of MitraClip in high-surgical-risk patients through 5 years. The observed mortality was most likely a consequence of the advanced age and comorbidity profile of the enrolled patients, while improvements in NYHA class in surviving patients were durable through long-term follow-up.Trial registration numberNCT01940120.
Baseline and longitudinal change in blood pressure and mortality in a Chinese cohort
Authors: Wang Jian-Bing , Huang Qiu-Chi , Hu Shu-Chang , Zheng Pei-Wen , Shen Peng , Li Die , Lu Huai-Chu , Gao Xiang , Lin Hong-Bo , Chen Kun 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundA J-curve association has been demonstrated for blood pressure (BP) and all-cause mortality, but data on longitudinal change of BP and mortality in Chinese population are limited.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study to examine the association between BP (at baseline and longitudinal change) and risk of mortality in Yinzhou District, Ningbo, China, based on the Yinzhou Health Information System. At baseline, a total of 181 352 subjects aged over 18 years with at least one BP examination record were recruited through the Yinzhou Health Information System. The final analysis was restricted to 168 061 participants after exclusion of outliers of BP.ResultsA U-shaped association was observed for BP at baseline and risk of total and cardiovascular mortality. When compared with normotensive participants, patients with hypotension (HRs=1.51, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.88) and stage 3 hypertension (1.28, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.50) had an increased risk of all-cause mortality. Relative to stable BP of normotension, having a rise in BP from normotension to hypertension or from prehypertension to hypertension both conferred an increased risk of total and cardiovascular mortality (total: 1.39 (95% 1.10 to 1.75) and 1.40 (95% 1.15 to 1.69); cardiovascular: 2.22 (95% CI 1.35 to 3.65) and 1.89 (95% CI 1.20 to 2.96), respectively).ConclusionsOur findings emphasise that hypotension and stage 3 hypertension were associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality. Longitudinal change from normotensive or prehypertensive levels to 140/90 mm Hg or higher could increase the risk of total and cardiovascular mortality.
Randomised controlled trial of escitalopram for cervical dystonia with dystonic jerks/tremor
Authors: Zoons Evelien , Booij Jan , Delnooz Catherine C S , Dijk Joke M , Dreissen Yasmine E M , Koelman Johannes H T M , van der Salm Sandra M A , Skorvanek Matej , Smit Marenka , Aramideh Majid , Bienfait Henriette , Boon Agnita J W , Brans Jeroen W M , Hoogerwaard Edo , Hovestadt Ad , Kamphuis Daan J , Munts Alexander G , Speelman Johannes D , Tijssen Marina A J 
Published: August 2018

ObjectiveTrials for additional or alternative treatments for cervical dystonia (CD) are scarce since the introduction of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT). We performed the first trial to investigate whether dystonic jerks/tremor in patients with CD respond to the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) escitalopram.MethodsIn a randomised, double-blind, crossover trial, patients with CD received escitalopram and placebo for 6 weeks. Treatment with BoNT was continued, and scores on rating scales regarding dystonia, psychiatric symptoms and quality of life (QoL) were compared. Primary endpoint was the proportion of patients that improved at least one point on the Clinical Global Impression Scale for jerks/tremor scored by independent physicians with experience in movement disorders.ResultsFifty-threepatients were included. In the escitalopram period, 14/49 patients (29%) improved on severity of jerks/tremor versus 11/48 patients (23%) in the placebo period (P=0.77). There were no significant differences between baseline and after treatment with escitalopram or placebo on severity of dystonia or jerks/tremor. Psychiatric symptoms and QoL improved significantly in both periods compared with baseline. There were no significant differences between treatment with escitalopram and placebo for dystonia, psychiatric or QoL rating scales. During treatment with escitalopram, patients experienced slightly more adverse events, but no serious adverse events occurred.ConclusionIn this innovative trial, no add-on effect of escitalopram for treatment of CD with jerks was found on motor or psychiatric symptoms. However, we also did not find a reason to withhold patients treatment with SSRIs for depression and anxiety, which are common in dystonia.Trial registration numberNTR2178.
A clinical comparison of Atlas and LVIS Jr stent-assisted aneurysm coiling
Authors: Gross Bradley A , Ares William J , Ducruet Andrew F , Jadhav Ashutosh P , Jovin Tudor G , Jankowitz Brian Thomas 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundCase series have described the safety and efficacy of LVIS Jr and Atlas stent-assisted aneurysm coiling, but their comparative clinical performance has not yet been formally studied.ObjectiveTo clinically compare LVIS Jr and Atlas stents, emphasizing comparative rates of technical success and complications.MethodsOur institutional endovascular database was queried for aneurysms treated by stent-assisted coiling with either the LVIS Jr or Atlas stents. Demographic data, aneurysm information, treatment technique, periprocedural and device-related complications, and initial and follow-up angiographic results were evaluated.ResultsThirty-seven patients underwent Atlas stent placement and 27 patients underwent LVIS Jr stent placement for aneurysm coiling. There was no significant difference in aneurysm location, size, coiling technique, and coil packing density between the two cohorts. The rate of initial Raymond 1 occlusion was significantly greater in the Atlas cohort (57% vs 41%, P=0.03). The rate of postoperative ischemic complications, both clinically apparent and as defined on postoperative MRI diffusion-weighted imaging, did not significantly differ between the two groups. Follow-up DSA demonstrated a significantly greater rate of Raymond 1 or 2 occlusion for the Atlas cohort (100% vs 81%, P=0.04), and a significantly lower rate of in-stent stenosis (0% vs 19%, P=0.04).ConclusionThis institutional analysis demonstrates greater obliteration rates and lower in-stent stenosis rates for aneurysms treated via Atlas stent-assisted coiling as compared with those treated via LVIS Jr stent-assisted coiling.
Introducing high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy at the intermediate care unit: expanding the range of supportive pulmonary care
Authors: Plate Joost D J , Leenen Luke P H , Platenkamp Marc , Meijer Joost , Hietbrink Falco 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundNon-invasive respiratory support is a frequent indication for intermediate care unit (IMCU) admission. Extending the possibilities of respiratory support at the IMCU with high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) may prevent intensive care unit (ICU) transfer and invasive ventilation. However, the safety and limitations of HFNC administration in the stand-alone IMCU setting are not yet studied. This study therefore aims to investigate to what extent and in which patients HFNC can safely be administered at a stand-alone mixed surgical IMCU.MethodsA case series, using retrospectively collected data, was performed after the first year of introducing HFNC at a stand-alone IMCU. The following variables were collected: indication to start HFNC, vital parameters and arterial blood gas measurements. Primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Secondary outcome was transfer to the ICU.ResultsA total of 96 admissions were included. The indications to start HFNC at the IMCU were predominantly pathologies of pulmonary origin (n=67, 69.8%). Less frequent indications were prolonged support postweaning (n=15), non-pulmonary sepsis (n=7) and post-trauma resuscitation (n=6). The average PaO2/FiO2ratio at start of HFNC was 152 (95% CI 139 to 165). 30-day mortality was 7, of which 5 were admitted with treatment restrictions (no ICU policy) and 2 deaths were unrelated to HFNC. Transfer to the ICU occurred in 18 (18.8%) admissions, of which 12 received invasive mechanical ventilation. Reason for ICU transfer was mainly PaO2/FiO2 ratio<100 under maximum non-invasive treatment (n=12, 66.7%). Application of HFNC at the IMCU prevented 162 days of ICU admission.DiscussionAdministration of HFNC at a stand-alone surgical IMCU may be safe as it expands the range of supportive possibilities and thereby reduces the need for ICU admissions.Pulmonary indications to start HFNC increase the risk of ICU transfer and mechanical ventilation.Level of evidenceLevel VI.
Functional health status of adults with serious mental illness and diabetes mellitus: A latent profile analysis
Authors: McKibbin Christine L , Lee Aaron , Glaser Dale , Kanuch Stephanie , Cassidy Kristin , Thomas Charles , Gunzler Douglas , McCormick Richard , Dawson Neal V , Sajatovic Martha 
Published: August 2018

Objective Adults with serious mental illness are at increased risk for diabetes mellitus and diabetes-related complications. This article classifies subgroups among people with serious mental illness and comorbid diabetes with respect to functional status and examines differences among those groups. Methods This analysis used a baseline sample of 157 adults with serious mental illness and diabetes mellitus enrolled in a National Institute of Health-funded research study. Latent profile analysis was used to distinguish health status profiles and investigate how these subgroups differed across assessment domains. Results Participants with depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder (n = 157) were included in the study. Mean age was 52.9 years (standard deviation = 9.8), and 62 (40%) were African American. From the latent profile analysis, a three-class model appeared to provide the best fit. Class 1 (34.9%) had a very low functional health status approximately two standard deviations below the general population mean. Class 2 (43.7%) had a low functional status approximately one standard deviation below the general mean. Class 3 (21.4%) had moderate functional status with scores near population mean. Groups differed on measures of personal characteristics, clinical status and symptom severity, self-care behaviors, and environmental characteristics. Conclusions Although individuals with schizophrenia generally have poor prognosis once they develop diabetes, latent profile analysis identified distinct health status subgroups. Although all three groups demonstrated illness burden, the pattern of differences between these groups across measures may suggest the need for different interventions for highly diverse adults who received care within safety-net primary care.
Social support deficit and depression treatment outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome: Findings from the EsDEPACS study
Authors: Kim Ju-Wan , Kang Hee-Ju , Bae Kyung-Yeol , Kim Sung-Wan , Shin Il-Seon , Yoon Jin-Sang , Hong Young Joon , Ahn Youngkeun , Jeong Myung Ho , Kim Jae-Min 
Published: August 2018

Objectives This study aimed to investigate whether social support deficit has moderating effects on depressive and cardiac outcomes in an antidepressant trial for depressed patients with acute coronary syndrome as a secondary analysis using Escitalopram for DEPression in acute coronary syndrome study (ClinicalTrial.gov registry number: NCT00419471). Methods In total, 217 acute coronary syndrome patients with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition depressive disorders were randomized into two groups that received escitalopram (N = 108) or placebo (N = 109) for 24 weeks. Social support deficit was evaluated by validated scales at study entry. Depressive outcomes were measured using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory. Cardiac outcomes included echocardiography (left ventricular ejection fraction and wall motion scores), electrocardiography (heart rate, PR interval, QRS duration, and QTc duration), and laboratory test results (troponin I and creatine kinase-MB). Results A higher social support deficit at baseline was significantly associated with less improvement in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale, Beck Depression Inventory scores, and serum troponin I levels after adjustment for corresponding baseline scores, covariates associated with social support deficit at baseline, and treatment status. The strength of these associations was more prominent in the placebo group compared to the escitalopram group. Conclusions Evaluation of social support deficit in depressed acute coronary syndrome is important, and particularly during the acute phase, depressed acute coronary syndrome patients with social support deficit should be treated more carefully to improve treatment outcomes, given that social support deficit was predictive of poorer depressive and cardiac outcomes during the 24-week treatment period. Acute coronary syndrome patients with social support deficit should be treated more carefully to improve treatment outcomes.
Lessons in early identification and treatment from a case of disabling vitamin C deficiency in a child with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Rafee Yaseen , Burrell Katherine , Cederna-Meko Crystal 
Published: August 2018

Background Autism spectrum disorder is a heterogenous neurodevelopmental condition accompanied by a variety of associated features. Case reports suggest one such associated feature, food selectivity, increases risk for nutritional deficiencies; however, little attention has been given to prevent and treat nutritional deficiencies in youth with autism spectrum disorder. Method Single case report. Results This single case report presents a child with autism spectrum disorder and food selectivity difficulties that resulted in severe vitamin C deficiency. Although eventually corrected, the nutritional deficiency was debilitating, required invasive interventions, and resulted in significant social/emotional and economic costs. Conclusions We review the course of treatment and highlight strategies to prevent and more effectively treat nutritional deficiencies in youth with autism spectrum disorder.
Do pre-school episodic syndromes predict migraine in primary school children? A retrospective cohort study on health care data
Authors: Albers Lucia , von Kries Rüdiger , Straube Andreas , Heinen Florian , Obermeier Viola , Landgraf Mirjam N 
Published: August 2018

Objective To assess the relative risk, predictive value and population attributable risk fraction of pre-school episodic syndromes for later migraine in primary school age children. Methods This retrospective cohort study used health insurance data on 55,035 children born in 2006 with no diagnosis of migraine up to the age of 5 years. The relative risk, probability and population attributable risk fraction of migraine prompting a physician visit at the age of 6–10 years in children with episodic syndromes included in the International Classification of Headache Disorders (benign paroxysmal torticollis, benign paroxysmal vertigo, cyclic vomiting syndrome, recurrent abdominal symptoms and abdominal migraine) and those not included in the International Classification of Headache Disorders (pavor nocturnus, somnabulism and bruxism) diagnosed up to the age of 5 years were determined. Results The period prevalence of individual episodic syndromes ranged between 0.01% and 1.40%. For episodic syndromes included in the International Classification of Headache Disorders (recurrent abdominal symptoms and abdominal migraine) and for the episodic syndromes not included in the International Classification of Headache Disorders (somnambulism), the risk for later migraine was increased by factors of 2.08, 21.87 and 3.93, respectively. The proportion of risk for migraine in primary school children explained by any episodic syndromes included in the International Classification of Headache Disorders was 2.18% and for any episodic syndromes not included in the International Classification of Headache Disorders it was 0.59%. Conclusion Several pre-school episodic syndromes are risk factors for migraine in primary school age children. The fraction of migraine in primary school age children explained by prior episodic syndromes, however, is below 3%. A probability to develop primary school age migraine above 50% was only observed for abdominal migraine.