bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ungleiche politische Repräsentation und sozialstaatlicher Wandel
Authors: Elsässer Lea 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn vielen entwickelten Wohlfahrtsstaaten ist ein Wandel zu einem aktivierenden Wohlfahrtsstaat zu beobachten, welcher durch einen Rückbau von dekommodifizierenden Maßnahmen bei gleichzeitigem Fokus auf eine (Re-)Kommodizifierung von Arbeitskraft charakterisiert ist. Anhand der sozialstaatlichen Entwicklung in Deutschland argumentiere ich, dass ungleiche politische Responsivität gegenüber verschiedenen sozialen Klassen als ein Faktor zum Verständnis dieses Wohlfahrtsstaatsumbaus beiträgt. Mithilfe einer empirischen Untersuchung der bedeutenden Arbeitsmarkt- und sozialpolitischen Reformen seit 1980 wird gezeigt, dass die wegweisenden politischen Entscheidungen dieses Umbaus maßgeblich den Präferenzen oberer sozialer Klassen folgten, während sozial Schlechtergestellte ihre Forderungen nur verwirklicht sahen, wenn sie mit denen der Bessergestellten übereinstimmten. Die Forderungen unterscheiden sich insbesondere in Bezug auf den Rückbau traditioneller Absicherung sowie Maßnahmen, die Aktivierung durch Sanktionen herbeiführen – „fördernde“ Aktivierungsmaßnahmen dagegen finden eine breite Zustimmung in allen gesellschaftlichen Gruppen. Die Orientierung politischer Entscheidungen an den sozial Bessergestellten führt also nichtper sezu einem sozialstaatlichenRückbau, sondern zu einemUmbau mit komplexen Verteilungswirkungen.
A ficção e a narrativa como desafios ao uso da literatura como fonte histórica: contribuições da teoria da história para o debate
Authors: Ferreira Valeska Oliveira 
Published: December 2018

Há um longo debate historiográfico sobre a aproximação da história e da literatura, o quanto de história há na literatura e quanto de literatura há na história. Discutir como a literatura poderia ser utilizada como fonte histórica acaba por levantar questões mais profundas que colocam em questão a própria natureza da historiografia, se esta teria uma natureza artística e fictícia, ou se seria científica e objetiva. Neste artigo, pretendemos mostrar algumas das contribuições da teoria da história para este debate.Palavras-chave: História, Literatura, Narrativa. AbstractThere is a long historiographical debate on the approximation of history and literature such as “how much history there is in literature?” and “how much literature there is in history?” Discuss literature as a historical source leads to another questioning such as the very nature of historiography, if whether it would have an artistic and fictional nature, or it would be scientific and objective. In this article we intend to show some of the contributions of the theory of history to this debate.Keywords: History, Literature, Narrative.
Possibilidades e Perigos da Etno-história
Authors: Silva Maíra De Mello 
Published: December 2018

O presente trabalho pensa a superação do modelo científico disciplinar, a partir das teorias descoloniais sobre os estudos de Etno-história. Constitui-se, portanto, de uma introdução ao pensamento não hegemônico, de uma discussão sobre as teorias descoloniais, de uma revisão crítica de parte da bibliografia disponível sobre Etno-história, de uma breve lista com sugestões para práticas descoloniais nos estudos em Ciências Humanas e de uma conclusão que aponta à prática da alteridade, como mediadora dos processos revisados.Palavras-chave: Etno-história, Antropologia, História, Arqueologia, Etnologia. Abstract This work intends to overcome the scientific disciplinary model, from the decolonial theories about the studies of Ethno-history. It is, therefore, an introduction to non-hegemonic thinking, a discussion of decolonial theories, a critical review of part of the available bibliography on ethno-history, a brief list of suggestions for decolonial practices in human sciences studies, and of a conclusion that points to the practice of alterity, as mediator of the reviewed processes.Keywords: Ethno-history, Anthropology, History, Archeology, Ethnology.
Room Air for Initiating Term Newborn Resuscitation: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis
Authors: Welsford Michelle , Nishiyama Chika , Shortt Colleen , Isayama Tetsuya , Dawson Jennifer Anne , Weiner Gary , Roehr Charles Christoph , Wyckoff Myra H. , Rabi Yacov ,   on behalf of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation Neonatal Life Support Task Force
Published: December 2018

CONTEXT:
The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation prioritized to rigorously review the initial fraction of inspired oxygen (Fio2) during resuscitation of newborns.

OBJECTIVE:
This systematic review and meta-analysis provides the scientific summary of initial Fio2 in term and late preterm newborns (≥35 weeks’ gestation) who receive respiratory support at birth.

DATA SOURCES:
Medline, Embase, Evidence Based Medicine Reviews, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature were searched between January 1, 1980 and August 10, 2018.

STUDY SELECTION:
Studies were selected by pairs of independent reviewers in 2 stages, with a Cohen’s κ of 0.8 and 1.0.

DATA EXTRACTION:
Pairs of independent reviewers extracted data, appraised risk of bias, and assessed Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation certainty of evidence.

RESULTS:
Five randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 5 quasi RCTs included 2164 patients. Room air (Fio2 0.21) was associated with a statistically significant benefit in short-term mortality compared with 100% oxygen (Fio2 1.0) (7 RCTs; n = 1469; risk ratio [RR] = 0.73; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.57 to 0.94). No significant differences were observed in neurodevelopmental impairment (2 RCTs; n = 360; RR = 1.41; 95% CI: 0.77 to 2.60) or hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (5 RCTs; n = 1315; RR = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.68 to 1.18).

LIMITATIONS:
The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation certainty of evidence was low for short-term mortality and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and very low for neurodevelopmental impairment.

CONCLUSIONS:
Room air has a 27% relative reduction in short-term mortality compared with Fio2 1.0 for initiating neonatal resuscitation ≥35 weeks’ gestation.
Las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) como forma investigativa interdisciplinaria con un enfoque intercultural para el proceso de formación de los estudiantes
Authors: Cruz Pérez Miguel Alejandro , Pozo Vinueza Mónica Alexandra , Andino Jaramillo Alex Fabian , Arias Parra Alan David 
Published: December 2018

El presente artículo manifiesta la importante concepción y uso de las tecnologías de la información como herramientas que han permitido desarrollar el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje en la educación, facilitando tanto al docente como al alumnado la adquisición del conocimiento de forma más inmediata y amplia; el gran impacto del desarrollo tecnológico que se está originando en la actualidad ha favorecido lo que se denomina la nueva revolución social, las TIC han generado grandiosos cambios en las organizaciones culturales, sociales, económicas y educativas. Estas manifiestan una serie de características fundamentales como una vía factible a todo tipo de información, establece una comunicación inmediata, ya sea sincrónica o asincrónica, en la automatización de las actividades, almacenamiento de numerosa información y la interacción entre computadores y usuarios. El docente cumple un rol fundamental en el conocimiento y uso de estas tecnologías, debido a la importancia didáctica que pueden tener las TIC empleadas adecuadamente en el aula de clase. Sin embargo, los docentes hoy en día no comprenden con eficacia la utilidad que puede significar el uso de las TIC en el desarrollo del proceso de formación de los estudiantes; esto se refleja en la calidad educativa. Por lo cual este manuscrito tiene como objetivo analizar Las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación como forma investigativa interdisciplinaria con un enfoque intercultural para fortalecer el proceso de formación de los estudiantes.
Religion and Locality
Authors: Kato Hisanori 
Published: December 2018

Indonesia is known for its multicultural social setting, with approximately three hundred local ethnicities and five hundred local languages. Religions also have infiltrated into the life of Indonesia. Among six officially recognized religions, Islam occupies the majority religion in the country, and the total number of Muslims is almost two hundred million. That makes Indonesia the most populous Muslim country in the world. However, we also know that the legacy of pre-Islamic civilizations, such as Hinduism, Buddhism, and indigenous religions, is still deeply rooted in Indonesian soil. With this socio-cultural background, Indonesian Islam has developed with the influence of local traditions. We see several Islamic rituals and practices that seem to have been "Indonesianized". Yet, this localized version of Islam is by no means favoured by more religiously strict Islamic groups. In 2015, Nahdlatul Ulama, the largest Islamic organization, launched the so-called Islam Nusantara movement, which upholds the essence of local culture in Islam. This newly-emerged religious movement also presents a profound question in relation to the authenticity of religion, that is, whether religions are able to maintain the "original" rituals and practices without historical, geographical and regional influences. We will explore the development of the Islam Nusantara movement with this question in mind.
Long, Charles H. 2018. 'Ellipsis … The Collected Writings of Charles H. Long'
Authors: Daughrity Dyron 
Published: December 2018

Long, Charles H. 2018. Ellipsis … The Collected Writings of Charles H. Long. New York: Bloomsbury. xiv + 439pp. ISBN: 978-1-3500-3263-7 £130.00 (hbk); ISBN: 978-1-3500-3265-1 £140.40 (e-pub); ISBN: 978-1-3500-3264-4 £140.40 (e-pdf).
Hidrocarburos y agricultura en el Comahue (Patagonia, Argentina). Relaciones de poder y transformaciones territoriales/ Hydrocarbons and agriculture in the Comahue (Patagonia, Argentina). Power relations and territorial transformations
Authors: Guibert Martine , Forget Marie , Carrizo Silvina Cecilia 
Published: December 2018

En la región del Comahue (Patagonia argentina), los sectores hidrocarburífero y agropecuario presentan procesos de intensificación del uso de los recursos naturales y tecnológicos. Mientras uno explota el subsuelo y otro cultiva la tierra, ambos desarrollan infraestructuras y participan en la conformación de la identidad de la región (socioeconómica, política, ambiental, paisajística, etc.). Empresas nacionales y extranjeras ponen en valor los recursos locales con criterios globalizados de producción. Los actores privados, la sociedad civil y el Estado procuran hacer converger sus intereses. Participan en la construcción de poder y de las relaciones y condiciones locales (empleo, manejo de los conflictos, etc.). Basado en la recopilación de datos empíricos y en las entrevistas realizadas en 2016, este artículo interroga el modelo de desarrollo que resulta del posicionamiento de actores globalizados en la región (grandes establecimientos agrícolas, transnacionales del sector hidrocarburífero y servicios), para la explotación a gran escala de las materias primas del suelo y del subsuelo. Las negociaciones que se entablan ante conflictos sociales y ambientales, en las que el diálogo llega a estructurarse y consensuar posiciones, pueden conllevar procesos de hibridación de lógicas públicas y privadas. Luego se puede establecer una co-construcción socioeconómica y política del territorio.
Abstract
In the Comahue region (Argentine Patagonia), the oil and gas sector as well as the agricultural one are relevant, in terms of intensifying the use of natural and technological resources. While one exploits the subsoil and another cultivates the land, both develop infrastructures and participate in the conformation the region´s identity (socio-economic, political, environmental, landscape, etc.). National and foreign companies value local resources with globalized production criteria. Shared agreements make converge the interests of private actors, local governments and the State. They participate in the construction of power and their relations with local populations (employment, conflict management, etc.). Based on the compilation of empirical data and interviews conducted in 2016, the article questions the development model resulting from the positioning of globalized actors (large agricultural establishments, hydrocarbon concessions) in the region, for the large-scale exploitation of soil and subsoil materials. The negotiations that take place before social and environmental conflicts, in which the dialogue comes to be structured and leads to agreements, can entail processes of hybridization of public and private logics. Then a socio-economic and political co-construction of the territory can be established.
DINÂMICA POPULACIONAL DE PLANTAS DANINHAS EM ÁREAS COM SORGO SACARINO E GRANÍFERO COM DIFERENTES ESPAÇAMENTOS E DENSIDADES DE SEMEADURA
Authors: GOMES TALITA CAMARGOS , KARAM DÉCIO 
Published: December 2018

RESUMO: O conhecimento de uma comunidade infestante é necessário para se avaliar o nível de dano que esta pode causar na produtividade de qualquer cultura. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi realizar levantamento fitossociológico exploratório de plantas daninhas em áreas com sorgo sacarino e granífero em função de densidades e espaçamentos de plantas de sorgo como forma de manejo cultural. O estudo foi conduzido em campo, com delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 x 2 com três repetições, sendo os tratamentos representados por duas cultivares de sorgo, BRS 506 e BR 330, semeadas em duas densidades (100.000, e 200.000 plantas ha-1) e dois espaçamentos (0,25 e 0,7 m) entre linhas. O levantamento das espécies infestantes foi realizado aos 56 dias após a emergência (DAE) do sorgo, pelo método do quadrado inventário. Observou-se que as diferenças em Índice de Valor de Importância para a mesma espécie daninha estão relacionadas à mudança na densidade e no espaçamento da cultura do sorgo.Palavras-chave: Sorghum bicolor, BRS 506, BR 330, fitossociologia, manejo cultural. POPULATION DYNAMICS OF WEED IN AREAS WITH SWEET SORGHUM AND GRAIN SORGHUM WITH DIFFERENT SPACINGS AND PLANTING DENSITIES ABSTRACT – Knowing a weed community is important to estimate the level of damage that may cause to the productivity of any crop. Thus, the aim of the present study was to perform a phytosociological survey of weeds in areas with saccharine and grain sorghum considering the interaction between density and spacing of sorghum plants as a form of crop management. The study was conducted at field in a randomized block design with a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial scheme and three replications. Two sorghum cultivars (BRS 506 and BR 330) were seeded at two densities (100,000 and 200,000 plants ha-1) and two row spacings (0.25 and 0.7 m). The evaluation of the weed species was performed 56 days after emergence (DAE) of sorghum using the inventory square method. The dry mass of the weed species was determined. It was observed that the differences in the importance value index of the same weed species are related to changes in the density and spacing of sorghum.Keywords: Sorghum bicolor, BRS 506, BR 330, phytosociology, crop management.
DESEMPENHO AGROINDUSTRIAL DO SORGO SACARINO SUBMETIDO A DIFERENTES DOSES DE NITROGÊNIO E POTÁSSIO EM COBERTURA
Authors: LARA JÚNIA DE PAULA , BORGES IRAN DIAS , DOS SANTOS FLÁVIA CRISTINA , DA COSTA PARRELLA RAFAEL AUGUSTO 
Published: December 2018

RESUMO - O sorgo sacarino pode ser plantado para fins energéticos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho agroindustrial, qualitativamente e quantitativamente, da cultivar de sorgo sacarino BRS 511 submetida a diferentes doses de N e K2O em cobertura. Foi conduzido experimento sem irrigação na região Central de Minas Gerais. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com 3 repetições, e os tratamentos foram dispostos em esquema fatorial 4x4, sendo 4 doses de nitrogênio (45, 90, 135 e 180 kg ha-1) x 4 de potássio (50, 100, 150 e 200 kg ha-1) em cobertura. Características avaliadas: extração de caldo, massa verde, massa seca, sólidos solúveis totais, °Brix t/ha, teor de sacarose, açúcar redutor total, quantidade de álcool por hectare e quantidade de álcool por tonelada de massa verde. O sorgo sacarino respondeu à adubação nitrogenada e potássica em cobertura, sendo que a adubação nitrogenada interferiu mais nas variáveis analisadas em relação ao potássio. O melhor desempenho considerando a produção de litros de etanol por hectare, toneladas de °Brix por hectare, litros de etanol por tonelada de massa verde, teor de sacarose e açúcar redutor total foi obtido com altas doses de N e K2O em cobertura (cerca de 120 e 130 kg ha-1, respectivamente).Palavras-chave: etanol, Sorghum bicolor, adubação. AGROINDUSTRIAL PERFORMANCE OF SORGHUM SACCHARINE SUBJECTED TO DIFFERENT DOSES OF TOPDRESSED NITROGEN AND POTASSIUM ABSTRACT - The sweet sorghum, or sorghum saccharine, is planted in reformed areas of sugarcane for energy purposes. The objective of this study was to assess qualitatively and quantitatively the agroindustrial performance of sorghum saccharine cultivar BRS 511 subjected to different doses of topdressed N and K2O, without irrigation in the Central region of Minas Gerais. A randomized block design with three replications was used and treatments arranged in a factorial 4 x 4 with four nitrogen rates (45, 90, 135 and 180 kg ha-1) and 4 potassium doses (50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1). The characteristics evaluated were: juice extraction, green mass, dry matter, total soluble solids, tons of Brix per hectare, sugar content, total reducing sugar, alcohol and ethanol per hectare per ton of biomass. The best performance of sorghum saccharine, considering the production of liter of ethanol per hectare, tons brix per hectare, gallons of ethanol per ton of biomass, sugar content and sugar total reducing, occurred with use of high doses of topdressed N and K2O (up to 120 to 130 kg ha-1, respectively).Keywords: ethanol, Sorghum bicolor, fertilizer.
LEGAL PERSPECTIVES ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS OF WOMEN IN AZAD JAMMU AND KASHMIR
Authors: Arif Sardar M.A. Waqar Khan 
Published: December 2018

This article focuses on legal perspectives of women’s social and economic status in Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK). The bulk of international human rights instruments provide that human rights are available to ‘everyone’ as grounded in Universal Declaration of human rights (UDHR), (1948) and other human rights instruments. In relation to women, economic, social and cultural (ESC) rights are specifically grounded in UDHR, Women’s Convention and the International Covenant of Economic, social and cultural rights (ICESCR), (1966). In this context, this paper analyses relevant provisions of women’s rights in order to highlight obligations of AJK pertaining to protection of ESC rights. It discusses the ESC status of women with linkage to Millennium development goals (MDGs). It aims to discuss that what are socio-economic conditions of women in AJK? Is there any pattern of vulner-ability in this respect? In general, ESC rights are considered as mere aspirations and goals therefore the Maastricht guidelines are also formulated. The argument developed throughout article is that though AJK is not a State but is state-like entity and has its human rights obligations, in particular, ESC obligations for promotion and protection of women. The women in AJK are vulnerable and may be empowered by promotion of ESC rights. Keywords: ESC rights, women in AJK, human rights
Estimasi Fungsi Regresi Dalam Model Regresi Nonparametrik Birespon Menggunakan Estimator Smoothing Spline dan Estimator Kernel
Authors: Lestari Budi 
Published: December 2018

Abstract Regression model of bi-respond nonparametric is a regression model which is illustrating of the connection pattern between respond variable and one or more predictor variables, where between first respond and second respond have correlation each other. In this paper, we discuss the estimating functions of regression in regression model of bi-respond nonparametric by using different two estimation techniques, namely, smoothing spline and kernel. This study showed that for using smoothing spline and kernel, the estimator function of regression which has been obtained in observation is a regression linier. In addition, both estimators that are obtained from those two techniques are systematically only different on smoothing matrices. Keywords: kernel estimator, smoothing spline estimator, regression function, bi-respond nonparametric regression model. AbstrakModel regresi nonparametrik birespon adalah suatu model regresi yang menggambarkan pola hubungan antara dua variabel respon dan satu atau beberapa variabel prediktor dimana antara respon pertama dan respon kedua berkorelasi. Dalam makalah ini dibahas estimasi fungsi regresi dalam model regresi nonparametrik birespon menggunakan dua teknik estimasi yang berbeda, yaitu smoothing spline dan kernel. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa, baik menggunakan smoothing spline maupun menggunakan kernel, estimator fungsi regresi yang didapatkan merupakan fungsi linier dalam observasi. Selain itu, kedua estimator fungsi regresi yang didapatkan dari kedua teknik estimasi tersebut secara matematis hanya dibedakan oleh matriks penghalusnya.Kata Kunci : Estimator Kernel, Estimator Smoothing Spline, Fungsi Regresi, Model Regresi Nonparametrik Birespon.
Macular and peripapillary vessel density measurement in the evaluation of Non-proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Yang Dawei , Cao Dan , Yu Honghua , Yang Xiaohong , Huang Zhongning , Zeng Yunkao , Zhuang Xuenan , Wu Qiaowei , Liu Baoyi , Zhang Liang 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Purpose: To compare vessel density in macular and peripapillary area between control subjects and patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and to evaluate the association between RNFL thickness and different stage of diabetic retinopathy.
Methods: A total of 170 eyes (normal control, 43; mild NPDR, 43; moderate NPDR, 42; severe NPDR, 42) underwent OCTA imaging. Optical coherence tomography angiographic parameters were vessel densities in superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP) in macular area and peripapillary area.
Results: The reduction of vessel density of SCP and DCP in macular area, peripapillary area as well as RNFL thickness were correlated with increasing severity of DR. Vessel density of SCP and DCP in macular area, peripapillary area and FD300 in NPDR groups decreased as compared to normal control (P<0.001). Vessel density of DCP shows better ability to identify the severity of DR (sensitivity, and specificity of 88.1%, and 85.2%, respectively) than in FD 300, vessel density of SCP in macular area and peripapillary area
Conclusion: Macular and peripapillary vessel density as well as RNFL thickness were significantly decreased in different stage of NPDR compared to normal controls. Vessel density in DCP could be an objective and sensitive indicator for monitoring progression of DR. OCTA might be clinically useful to evaluate microvascular and microstructural alterations in macula and ONH, thus providing a new method to study the course of DR.
Key Words: Diabetic retinopathy, optical coherence tomography angiography, vessel density, RNFL thickness, FD 300