bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adopted Individuals’ Views on the Utility and Value of Expanded Carrier Screening
Authors: Spencer Sara , Ewing Sarah , Calcagno Kathryn , O'Neill Suzanne 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAdoptees may not have family medical history and ethnicity information. Carrier screening assesses reproductive risk. Expanded carrier screening (ECS) screens for many genetic conditions regardless of a patient's knowledge of family history and ethnicity. This study aimed to better understand the opinions and attitudes of adopted individuals on the use of ECS in determining a patient's reproductive genetic risks. Specifically, the study assessed how adopted individuals feel that results of ECS may be useful to them and whether adoptees feel that meeting with a genetics professional in the process of undergoing ECS would be useful. Adult adoptees (N = 124) were recruited online. Their opinions on ECS were explored. The majority reported they had never been offered carrier screening (92%). The majority of adoptees wanted ECS (76%). Neither the amount of contact with biological relatives nor having medical knowledge about biological relatives was significantly associated with adoptees’ desire to pursue ECS. There was a significant positive correlation between adoptees of higher education levels and the amount they would pay for ECS (p = 0.004). The majority of participants (95%) indicated a genetics professional would be helpful when undergoing ECS. The findings suggest this population may want ECS and support from genetics healthcare professionals. Advocacy for genetic counseling and testing for adoptees appears justifiable.
Adolescent psychopathology in times of change: Introduction to the special issue
Authors: Stattin Håkan , Seiffge‐Krenke Inge , Hendry Leo , Kloep Marion , Beyers Wim 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTThe aim of this special issue is to understand better the many changes in adolescent psychopathology have taken place over the last decades. The factors associated with adjustment problems and psychopathology in adolescence today are not necessarily the same as the factors that predicted problems and psychopathology in the past. But the basic strategies for connecting negative experiences with adolescent psychopathology remain as important today as they were for understanding adolescent psychopathology decades ago. This is well exemplified in the studies included in this Special Issue. What all this studies have in common is that parenting and the family environment are assumed to play a key role in adolescents' adjustment and psychopathology. Finally, given that all papers in this special issue are based on conference presentations at the 15th Biennial Conference of the European Association for Research on Adolescence (EARA), some more information on that conference in included in this introduction.
An Online Cross-Sectional Comparison of Women With Symptoms of Persistent Genital Arousal, Painful Persistent Genital Arousal, and Chronic Vulvar Pain
Authors: Jackowich Robyn A. , Pink Leah , Gordon Allan , Poirier Évéline , Pukall Caroline F. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Background
Persistent genital arousal disorder (PGAD) is an understudied condition characterized by unwanted physiologic genital arousal in the absence of subjective sexual arousal. Markos and Dinsmore (Int J STD AIDS 2013;24:852–858) theorized that PGAD shares a number of similarities with vulvodynia (unexplained chronic vulvar pain [CVP]), including symptom characteristics and comorbidities.

Aim
To compare medical histories, symptom characteristics, pain characteristics, and daily functioning among women with persistent genital pain (PGA) (n = 42), painful PGA (n = 37), and CVP (n = 42) symptoms.

Methods
An online cross-sectional survey was conducted from October 2015 through April 2016.

Outcomes
Self-report measures of symptoms, diagnosed medical conditions, pain characteristics (McGill Pain Questionnaire), catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale), and daily functioning (Functional Status Questionnaire) were collected.

Results
All 3 groups reported similar medical diagnoses and high frequencies of other chronic pelvic pain conditions. Women in all 3 groups reported comparable ages at symptom onset and timing of symptom expression (ie, constant vs intermittent). Women in the 2 PGA groups reported significantly greater feelings of helplessness than women in the CVP group. Women in the painful PGA and CVP groups endorsed significantly more sensory terms to describe their symptoms compared with women in the PGA group, whereas women in the painful PGA group reported significantly more affective terms to describe their symptoms compared with women in the CVP group. Women in the 2 PGA groups reported that their symptoms interfered significantly with most areas of daily functioning.

Clinical Implications
Given the similarities between PGA and CVP symptoms, women with PGA may benefit from similar assessment, treatment, and research approaches.

Strengths and Limitations
Limitations of the present study include its sole use of self-report measures; the presence of PGA or CVP symptoms was not confirmed by clinical assessment. However, the anonymous design of the online survey could have resulted in a larger and more diverse sample.

Conclusion
The results of this study provide some initial support for the conceptualization of persistent genital arousal as a subtype of genital paresthesias/discomfort. These results also further highlight the negative impact that PGA symptoms have on many domains of daily living and the need for further research on this distressing condition.
Psychometric Properties of the Orgasm Rating Scale in Context of Sexual Relationship in a Spanish Sample
Authors: Arcos-Romero Ana Isabel , Moyano Nieves , Sierra Juan Carlos 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Background
The Orgasm Rating Scale (ORS) is one of the few self-reported measures that evaluates the multidimensional subjective experience of orgasm.

Aim
The objective of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the ORS in context of sex-with-partner in a Spanish sample.

Methods
We examined a sample of 842 adults from the general Spanish population (310 men, 532 women; mean age = 27.12 years, SD = 9.8). The sample was randomly divided into two, with a balanced proportion of men and women between each sub-sample. Sub-sample 1 consisted of 100 men and 200 women (33.3% and 66.6%) with a mean age of 27.77 years (SD = 10.05). Sub-sample 2 consisted of 210 men and 332 women (38.7% and 61.3%) with a mean age of 26.77 years (SD = 9.65). The ORS, together with the Sexual Opinion Survey-6 and the Massachusetts General Hospital-Sexual Functioning Questionnaire, was administered online. The survey included a consent form, in which confidentiality and anonymity were guaranteed.

Outcomes
Based on exploratory factor analysis, we obtained a reduced 25-item version of the ORS, distributed along 4 dimensions (affective, sensory, intimacy, and rewards).

Results
We performed both exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. The Spanish version of the ORS had adequate values of reliability that ranged from .78–.93. The 4 factors explained 59.78% of the variance. The factor structure was invariant across gender at a configural level. Scores from the ORS positively correlated with erotophilia and sexual satisfaction. The scale was useful to differentiate between individuals with orgasmic difficulties and individuals with no difficulties. We found that individuals with orgasmic difficulties showed a lower intensity in the affective, intimacy, and sensorial manifestations of orgasm.

Clinical Translation
This version of the ORS could provide an optimum measure for the clinical assessment to identify individuals with difficulties in their orgasmic capacity, thus, it could be used as screening device for orgasmic dysfunction.

Conclusions
The ORS is an appropriate measure for its use for both research and clinical purposes. As limitations, quota sampling implies that the extent to which the results can be generalized is modest. Measurement invariance did not reach the level of weak invariance, and it was not tested across sexual orientation because most individuals identified themselves as heterosexual. The ORS is a multidimensional measure of the subjective experience of orgasm which has adequate psychometric properties; it is a reliable and valid scale.
Observational Research in Homeopathy: Improving Homoeoprophylaxis Research Outcomes
Authors: Golden Isaac 
Published: March 2018

Introduction We now have a substantial evidence base supporting the effectiveness of homoeoprophylaxis (HP), but the quality of the evidence is variable. Most interventions are not controlled clinical studies but are undertaken in emergency situations to prevent loss of life and suffering using observational methodology. Methods are developed to improve the quality of future observational research into H2, with consequences for general homeopathic research.
Methods Different methods used to improve the quality of research were considered, and their ability to improve the quality of HP research was considered.
Results Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are often not the most appropriate method to use in HP research. Observational methods are mostly suitable to study HP interventions. There are a range of techniques which can be used to improve the quality of observational research. A Homoeoprophylaxis Research Checklist is prepared for consideration.
Discussion Prospective observational studies will often provide a more relevant research framework. Research techniques to improve research quality need to be incorporated in future HP interventions to allow meaningful results to be produced.
Conclusion The use of appropriate homoeoprophylaxis programs to prevent targeted infectious diseases has an established place in homeopathy. Its ability to produce a significant and consistent level of protection has been shown time and again in large HP interventions conducted by practitioners, usually with orthodox medical training. More and better-quality research will continue to strengthen the evidence-based case for the use of HP both in short- and long-term infectious disease prevention. Using a standardised research checklist should help improve the quality of research into HP in the future.
Clinically Verified Materia Medica: An Explanation and Remedy Example
Authors: Herrick Nancy , Morrison Roger 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe ‘Clinically Verified Materia Medica’ is a work in progress. It is based on cured cases only rather than the opinions of the author or other trusted authorities. Only remedies of which at least three well-documented cured cases could be found are included. The basis for this project is a trove of seven to eight thousand cured cases from the practice of Roger Morrison and colleagues as also from journals and e-journals. In this article, a case of Lac lupinum by Nancy Herrick is presented as an example.
Gemstones for Highly Sensitive People
Authors: Leupen Alex 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAlex Leupen has worked in the Homeopathic Doctors Centre in Utrecht, the Netherlands, since 1990. Eight colleagues work in this centre, including Jan Scholten. Alex is an experienced teacher (the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany) on the underlying systems in the plant families, animal kingdom, sarcodes, nosodes, fungi and the periodic table of the elements pertaining to homeopathic practice. In this column, he shares clinical tips.
Die Differenzialdiagnose von Gesichtsschmerzen – meistens sekundär?
Authors: Lukic N. , Sandor P. S. , Gantenbein A. R. 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungGesichtsschmerzen sind häufig und im akuten Stadium meist durch Sinusitiden oder Zahnpathologien bedingt. Bei chronischen Formen steht ursächlich der Kauapparat zuvorderst. Im Diagnoseprozess entscheiden bereits die Patienten, welchen Mediziner oder Fachspezialisten sie aufsuchen, entsprechend ist eine offene interdisziplinäre. Haltung wichtig. Der Kliniker sollte aber auch gefährlichere sekundäre Formen nicht verpassen und auch an die Manifestation von typischen primären Kopfschmerzen, wie Migräne oder Clusterkopfschmerz, im Gesichtsbereich denken. In der folgenden Übersichtsarbeit werden die wichtigsten und häufigsten Formen sekundärer und symptomatischer Gesichtsschmerzen besprochen.
Gibt es einen psychogenen Kopfschmerz?
Authors: Henkel K. 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungEs besteht eine hohe Komorbidität zwischen primären Kopfschmerzen und psychischen Erkrankungen. Eine gegenseitige Verstärkung und gemeinsame ätiologische Faktoren werden vermutet und wurden zum Teil nachgewiesen, so zum Beispiel bei Migräne und Depressionen. Eine nosologische Einteilung als sekundärer “Kopfschmerz zurückzuführen auf eine psychiatrische Störung“ verlangt eine hinreichende Evidenz für eine Auslösung oder wesentliche Verstärkung des Kopfschmerzes durch die psychische Erkrankung. Dieser Nachweis kann nur in Einzelfällen erfolgen. Größere systematische Untersuchungen fehlen. Die International Classification of Headache Disorders der International Headache Society erkennt auch in ihrer dritten Auflage (Beta-Version) nur die Somatisierungsstörung und die psychotische Störung als mögliche psychische Erkrankungen für die Auslösung sekundärer Kopfschmerzen an. Im Anhang der Klassifikation finden sich weitere psychische Erkrankungen, die möglicherweise sekundäre Kopfschmerzen auslösen können. Weitere prospektive und Längsschnittstudien sind nötig, um diese Zusammenhänge künftig besser beurteilen zu können.
Das reversible zerebrale Vasokonstriktionssyndrom
Authors: Kamm K. , Ruscheweyh R. , Straube A. 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungDas reversible zerebrale Vasokonstriktionssyndrom (RCVS) ist eine häufige, wahrscheinlich unterdiagnostizierte Ursache des Donnerschlagkopfschmerzes. Typischerweise präsentiert sich das RCVS mit einem stärksten, innerhalb von weniger als 1 Minute sein Maximum erreichenden Kopfschmerz. Dieser kann innerhalb von wenigen Wochen, oft getriggert durch körperliche Anstrengung, emotionale Belastung oder Valsalva-Manöver, immer wieder auftreten. Die Erkrankung verläuft meist monosymptomatisch, selbstlimitierend und benigne, allerdings können intrazerebrale Blutungen, Ischämien oder ein PRES komplizierend auftreten. Im folgenden Artikel sollen die typische Präsentation des RCVS, Komplikationen, Verlauf, Therapie und Pathophysiologie vorgestellt werden.
Marking the unexpected
Authors: Palakurthy Kayla 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTypological discussions of mirativity often consider the relationship between mirativity and evidentiality (DeLancey 1997,2001;Aikhenvald 2004). However, in interaction speakers mobilize pragmatic extensions of miratives in ways that defy specific categorization. This study analyzes the function and distribution of the Navajo enclitic lá in a Navajo Conversational Corpus (Mithun ed 2015NSF-DEL project 0853598). The enclitic most frequently functions as an interrogative in information questions (Young & Morgan 1987), but it also encodes mirative senses including surprise, counter-expectation, discovery, and reported speech. Though the two seem synchronically unrelated, an examination of the pragmatic functions, as well as consideration of comparative Athabaskan evidence, links the polysemous enclitics as metadiscourse markers signaling contrastive focus on the unexpectedness of a proposition. These data support the interactional relevance of the semantic domain of expectation, subsuming contrastive focus and surprise (Behrens 2012).
Subject preference in Ixcatec relative clauses (Otomanguean, Mexico)
Authors: Adamou Evangelia 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Subject preference in relative clauses (RCs) has been reported in typologically diverse languages, but overall one notes that the number of languages analyzed experimentally remains extremely low. This paper presents experimental and natural evidence from Ixcatec, a critically-endangered Otomanguean language. Ixcatec is relevant to the discussion on universal subject preference for having syntactically and morphologically ambiguous subject and object RCs that can offer an unconfounded result. Study 1, a picture-matching comprehension experiment, shows that 63% of the ambiguous RCs are interpreted as subject RCs. Results from reaction times show that subject RC interpretations are numerically faster than object RC interpretations, but this difference does not reach significance. Analysis of a three-hour, free-speech corpus in Study 2 indicates that transitive subject RCs are only slightly more frequent than object RCs. In conclusion, although the Ixcatec data support universal subject preference, they also show how this preference is weaker than predicted.
Ostomy Care at Home
Authors: Kirkland-Kyhn Holly , Martin Sanaz , Zaratkiewicz Sunniva , Whitmore Morgan , Young Heather M. 
Published: March 2018

This article is part of a series, Supporting Family Caregivers: No Longer Home Alone, published in collaboration with the AARP Public Policy Institute. Results of focus groups, conducted as part of the AARP Public Policy Institute's No Longer Home Alone video project, supported evidence that family caregivers aren't given the information they need to manage the complex care regimens of family members. This series of articles and accompanying videos aims to help nurses provide caregivers with the tools they need to manage their family member's health care at home.
The articles in this new installment of the series provide simple and useful instructions that nurses should reinforce with family caregivers who perform wound care tasks. Each article also includes an informational tear sheet—Information for Family Caregivers—that contains links to instructional videos. To use this series, nurses should read the article first, so they understand how best to help family caregivers, and then encourage caregivers to watch the videos and ask questions. For additional information, see Resources for Nurses.
L5/S1 Fusion Rates in Degenerative Spine Surgery
Authors: Schroeder Gregory D. , Kepler Christopher K. , Millhouse Paul W. , Fleischman Andrew N. , Maltenfort Mitchell G. , Bateman Dexter K. , Vaccaro Alexander R. 
Published: March 2018

Study Design:
Systematic review.

Objective:
To determine the fusion rate of an anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF), transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF), and axial arthrodesis at the lumbosacral junction in adult patients undergoing surgery for 1- and 2-level degenerative spine conditions.

Summary of Background Data:
An L5/S1 interbody fusion is a commonly performed procedure for pathology such as spondylolisthesis with stenosis; however, it is unclear if 1 technique leads to superior fusion rates.

Materials and Methods:
A systematic search of MEDLINE was conducted for literature published between January 1, 1992 and August 17, 2014. All peer-reviewed articles related to the fusion rate of L5/S1 for an ALIF, TLIF, or axial interbody fusion were included.

Results:
In total, 42 articles and 1507 patients were included in this systematic review. A difference in overall fusion rates was identified, with a rate of 99.2% (range, 96.4%–99.8%) for a TLIF, 97.2% (range, 91.0%–99.2%) for an ALIF, and 90.5% (range, 79.0%–97.0%) for an axial interbody fusion (P=0.005). In a paired analysis directly comparing fusion techniques, only the difference between a TLIF and an axial interbody fusion was significant. However, when only cases in which bilateral pedicle screws supported the interbody fusion, no statistical difference (P>0.05) between the 3 techniques was identified.

Conclusions:
The current literature available to guide the treatment of L5/S1 pathology is poor, but the available data suggest that a high fusion rate can be expected with the use of an ALIF, TLIF, or axial interbody fusion. Any technique-dependent benefit in fusion rate can be eliminated with common surgical modifications such as the use of bilateral pedicle screws.
Eligibility of Outpatient Spine Surgery Candidates in a Single Private Practice
Authors: Chin Kingsley R. , Pencle Fabio J.R. , Coombs André V. , Packer Corrine F. , Hothem Elijah A. , Seale Jason A. 
Published: March 2018

Study Design:
Level III.

Purpose:
To retrospectively review the eligibility of surgical patients meeting predetermined outpatient surgery criteria in a single-surgeon private practice.

Summary of Background Data:
There is a burgeoning awareness among patients, surgeons, and insurers of the cost benefits and safety of outpatient spine surgeries. At the end of 2014, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services have released its final 2015 payment rules and codes for spinal decompression and fusion. This move confirms the safety of procedures being performed in the ambulatory surgery centers (ASCs).

Methods:
We conducted a database review between 2008 and 2014 and identified 1625 orthopedic procedures. All nonsurgical spine procedures were excluded from the study. Eligibility for outpatient spine surgery was based on criteria generated from a combination of published standard of care for major operations and the chief surgeon’s experience. A matched cohort based on type of surgery in each facility of all spine surgery patients was created, group 1 (hospital patients) and group 2 (ASC patients).

Results:
A total of 708 patients underwent spinal surgery during this time period with a 53% female population. A total of 557 of 708 (79%) patients were eligible for outpatient spine surgery. There were 210 surgical procedures in group 1 (inpatient) comprised of 72 decompression and 138 fusion procedures. In group 2 (outpatient), there were 347 procedures made up of 150 patients undergoing decompression and 197 undergoing fusion or disc replacement. To confirm that hospital procedures are eligible to be performed in the ASC, the χ2 test was performed. We found that ASC-eligible hospital patients can indeed be done in an ASC (P=0.037).

Conclusions:
Outpatient spine surgery is feasible in 79% of patients in this single-surgeon private practice. On the basis of these results, a majority of spine procedures can be performed in an outpatient setting following our eligibility criteria.