bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beneficial Alterations of Intestinal Microbiota in Chronic Cholecystitis Patients Treated With NOTES Gallbladder‐Preserving Surgery
Authors: Deng Lixin , Lv Xinzhi , Wang Taotao , Huang Xishun , Huang Qingrong , Li Xianli , Wen Chunhong , Chen Li , Chen Huidi , Zhang Mingqing 
Published: November 2024

Objective: NOTES gallbladder‐preserving surgery (N‐GPS) has been heralded as a new paradigm shift in minimally invasive surgery for chronic cholecystitis patients. The objective of this research was to evaluate the impact of N‐GPS on the intestinal microbiota of patients.Methods: The study selected patients with benign gallbladder disease (BG group) within 1 week preoperative (BG_DPR stage) and followed up over 1 year postoperative (BG_YPO stage) and selected healthy controls (HC group) whose sex, age, and BMI index matched with patients at BG_YPO stage, too. Accordingly, stool samples from healthy controls and two stages of patients with benign gallbladder disease were collected; among them, the selected samples were sent for 16S rDNA sequencing with Illumina MiSeq platform, and then, the combined samples were sent for short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA) analysis with GC‐MS platform.Results: The result of alpha diversity of Shannon index showed that the difference among the two stages of BG group and HC group wasn’t statistically significant, while the result of beta diversity based on the weighted UniFrac distance suggested that the structure of intestinal microbiota of BG group at YPO stage was closer to HC group. LEfSe analysis suggested that BG_YPO stage enriched genus, such as Enterocloster and Hungatella_A_128155, which improved bile acid metabolism. Compared with BG_DPR stage, BG_YPO stage and HC group enriched Faecalibacterium and Roseburia, but depleted Streptococcus, while fecal SCFA concentrations increased.Conclusion: Patients with benign gallbladder disease and chronic cholecystitis after N‐GPS treatment for over 1 year improved gut microbial community structure. With the improving bile acid metabolism, SCFA‐producing bacteria increased and pathobionts decreased, which helped the intestinal microbiota structure of BG group at YPO stage restore and close to HC group.Trial Registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry identifier: ChiCTR1900028267.
Consumption-Based Estimates of Carbon Footprint and Its Global Warming Solution: Input to Awareness Campaign
Authors: Isiderio Eries D. , Dacles Ginalyn G. , Yap Ma. Consuelo Y. , Solano Ma. Lida A. , Obidos Ivy Dell 
Published: November 2024

Understanding the consequences of everyday consumption, and learning how to reduce the size of collective carbon footprint, are vital to reducing CO2 emissions and slowing down human caused climate change. A carbon footprint is a measure of the amount of greenhouse gases (CO2, methane, nitrous oxide) measured in units of carbon dioxide, produced by human activities. This study aimed to quantify the carbon footprint and awareness in solving global warming of teachers and students in the College of Education based on consumptions’ estimates categorized into food consumption, energy usage and household activities. The measurement of Carbon footprint of student-respondents was determined as a whole and by specialization. A number of 296 student-respondents specializing in Filipino, English, Science, TLEd and PEd had a comparable carbon dioxide emission and contributed almost the same percentage in the total carbon footprint considering the different activities they engaged in. While the 35 teacher-respondents had greatest carbon footprint in their type and choices of food consumed. These data were gathered using a survey questionnaire through google form containing different activities with corresponding points associated to greenhouse gases emission. The total emission was computed using this formula: Total Emission (tCO2e) = Activity Data Points in (lbs.) X Emission Factor (tCO2) X Global Warming Potential (e). The result implies that the average carbon footprint of each respondent ranges from 2.04 to 2.55 tCO2e which is below the global average of 4 tCO2e per person. The “average” level of awareness implies that the respondents need to change their lifestyles to cut down carbon footprint but increase knowledge in solving global warming using the developed information and awareness campaign recorded video clip.
Authentic Assessment in Flexible Learning Modality and the Learning Outcomes in Readings in the Philippine History Among First-Year College Students
Authors: Habagat John Bert A. , Hermosa Jherwin P. 
Published: November 2024

The research utilized a descriptive-correlational design. Descriptive design was used to describe the perception of the students. In order to gather the information in the study, In order to determine if there is significant relationship between authentic assessment strategies and tools and learning outcome, correlational research was used. It utilized quantitative approach of research in gathering the necessary data. The survey questionnaire was used to gather data and later on the score of the student after using the authentic assessment. The respondents of this study are twenty-four (24) first year college students from Bachelor of Science in Fisheries and Aquatic Resources and another thirty-two (32) first year college students from Bachelor of Science in Industrial Technology. A total of fifty (56) first year college students are the respondents of the study from Southern Luzon State University, Alabat Campus, Quezon. Each variable has seven statements describing respondents’ perceptions on the authentic assessment strategies and tools. The researcher used the weighted mean for the checklist questionnaire part I, II, and III. This study concluded the effectiveness of authentic assessment in flexible learning modality of readings in Philippine History for first year college students of SLSU Alabat, Quezon. Specifically, this study aimed to determine the perception of the respondents on the effectiveness of the developed authentic assessment in terms of: paper and pencil assessment; assessment strategy in communication; performance assessment; observation assessment; and, self-assessment. Also, this study aimed to know the perception of the respondents on the effectiveness of authentic assessment tools such as: checklist; rating scale; learning log; and anecdotal records.The study posited four hypotheses, one of which states that there is no significant relationship between the perception of the respondent on the developed authentic assessment and their level of learning outcomes in Readings in Philippine History. The second hypothesis states that there is a significant relationship between the perception of the respondent on the developed authentic assessment and their level of learning outcomes in Readings in Philippine History. While the third hypothesis states that there is no significant relationship between the perception of the teachers on authentic assessment tool and students’ level of learning outcomes in readings in the Philippine History. Finally, the fourth hypothesis states that that there is significant relationship between the perception of the teachers on authentic assessment tool and students’ level of learning outcomes in readings in the Philippine History
A Gap Analysis of Tourists' Expectations and Satisfaction Using the SERVQUAL Model on a Farm Tourism in Bulacan, Philippines
Authors: Veranga Maricar A. 
Published: November 2024

The main purpose of the study is to analyze the gap of tourists’ expectations and satisfaction on a Farm Tourism in Bulacan using the five dimensions of SERVQUAL. The 219 respondents were tourists of the farm and they were conveniently selected. Data were further subjected to ANOVA and T – test analysis via SPSS. Findings revealed that the majority of the respondents belong to the Gen Z individuals. With a gap of 0.15, it was determined that the farm tourism site provides the appropriate level of quality service in terms of tangibility, responsiveness, reliability, assurance, and empathy. The result shows that farm tourism manages to exceed the set expectation level of the tourist in their service quality based on gap from their satisfaction level. Moreover, the tourist gap was significantly equal for both male and female respondents. The total satisfaction is significantly higher compared to their total expectation with a mean difference of 0.16 in favor of the satisfaction level. The null hypothesis was rejected and concluded the gap between tourist’ expectation and satisfaction on the farm tourism service quality when they are grouped according to profile are significantly equal
Testemunho de um “homem africano”. Reflexões sobre um relato anônimo da batalha de Alcácer Quibir.
Authors: Rodrigues Bruno Romano 
Published: November 2024

This article analyzes an anonymous report of the battle of Alcácer Quibir (1578), entitled Jornada de África del Rey D. Sebastião written by an African man, which covers the period between 1578 and 1595. In the light of the political context of the Iberian Union (1580-1640), when Portugal was part of the Hispanic monarchy, it was concluded that the work was written to legitimize Philip II as heir of the Portuguese crown, after the death of D. Henrique. Therefore, the unknown author elaborated pejorative interpretations of D. Antonio, the main opponent of the Castilian king, and of D. Sebastião, considered responsible for the Portuguese defeat in Morocco.
an African man, which covers the period between 1578 and 1595. In the light of the political context of the Iberian Union (1580-1640), when Portugal was part of the Hispanic monarchy, it was concluded that the work was written to legitimize Philip II as heir of the Portuguese crown, after the death of D. Henrique. Therefore, the unknown author elaborated pejorative representations of D. Antonio, the main opponent of the Castilian king, and of D. Sebastião, considered responsible for the Portuguese defeat in Morocco.
Associations of Cardiovascular Health Metrics in Childhood and Adolescence With Arterial Health Indicators in Adolescence: The PANIC Study
Authors: Kraav Juta , Zagura Maksim , Viitasalo Anna , Soininen Sonja , Veijalainen Aapo , Kähönen Mika , Jürimäe Jaak , Tillmann Vallo , Haapala Eero , Lakka Timo 
Published: November 2024

Background
Our aim was to assess the relationships of cardiovascular health metrics, cardiorespiratory fitness, lean mass, and fat percentage with arterial structure and function from childhood to adolescence.

Methods and Results
Five hundred four children aged 6 to 9 years were examined in the PANIC (Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children) study at baseline, 2 and 8 years later. The associations of adjusted American Heart Association cardiovascular health metrics (smoking status, body mass index—SD score, moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity, diet quality, plasma total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, plasma glucose categorized into poor, intermediate, and ideal), the American Heart Association cardiovascular health score, cardiorespiratory fitness measured by maximal oxygen uptake in a bicycle exercise test, lean mass and fat percentage with carotid intima–media thickness (cIMT) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were analyzed cross‐sectionally and longitudinally in 277 participants at age 15 to 17 years. Higher American Heart Association cardiovascular health score at baseline was associated with lower PWV at 8‐year follow‐up (ß, −0.19 [95% CI, –0.32 to −0.05]). Higher body mass index—SD score and systolic blood pressure were associated with higher cIMT (ß, 0.18 [95% CI, 0.05–0.31]); and (ß, 0.13 [95% CI, 0.00–0.25]; respectively) and PWV (ß, 0.20 [95% CI, 0.07–0.34]) and (ß, 0.13 [95% CI, 0.00–0.26]; respectively) at 8‐year follow‐up. Higher moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity was associated with higher cIMT (ß, 0.25 [95% CI, 0.07–0.43]); yet lower PWV (ß, −0.25 [95% CI, ‐0.44 to ‐0.06]) at 8‐year follow‐up. Better cardiorespiratory fitness (ß, 0.29 [95% CI, 0.08–0.51]) and higher lean mass (ß, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.03–0.98]) were associated with higher cIMT after accounting for American Heart Association cardiovascular health score at 8‐year follow‐up.

Conclusions
While our results suggest that higher cardiometabolic risk factors in childhood may exert unfavorable effects on arterial health during adolescence, we demonstrated the complexity of relationships between cardiovascular health metrics and arterial health indicators in childhood and adolescence. We found different associations of cardiovascular health metrics with cIMT and PWV in childhood and adolescence, calling for caution when interpreting the results of various cardiovascular risk factors with measures of arterial health, particularly in youth.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01803776.
Lymphatic Disorder Management in Pediatric Patients With Congenital Heart Disease in European Pediatric Cardiology Centers: Current Status, Disparities, and Future Considerations
Authors: Safi Sanam , Hjortdal Vibeke E. , Gewillig Marc , Miller Owen , Abumehdi Mohammad Ryan , Cantinotti Massimiliano , Grotenhuis Heynric , Raimondi Francesca , Garrido Almudena Ortiz , Roest Arno , Sunnegårdh Jan , Saleats Thomas , Brun Henrik , Pärna Helen , Nolan Oscar , Rotés Anna Sabaté , Deri Antigoni , De Wolf Daniel , Herberg Ulrike , Liuba Petru , Möller Thomas , Óskarsson Gylfi , Rebonato Micol , Helbing Willem A. , Doros Gabriela , Muntean Iolanda , Ojala Tiina , Lubaua Inguna , Bhat Misha , Wacker Julie , Bonello Beatrice , Ramcharan Tristan , Greil Gerald , Sendzikaite Skaiste , Bonnet Damien , Marek Jan , Voges Inga , McMahon Colin J. 
Published: November 2024

Background
Lymphatic disorders such as protein‐losing enteropathy, plastic bronchitis, and chylothorax are important complications of the Fontan circulation and ultimately result in an increased risk of early death. Several European centers are now performing lymphatic procedures. The aim of this study is to map the extent of these lymphatic disorders and treatments provided across European pediatric cardiology centers.

Methods and Results
A survey was circulated to 49 European pediatric cardiology centers consisting of 37 questions including a mix of binary, categorical, and continuous variables. Thirty‐one centers (63%) participated in the study, performing a median of 250 (interquartile range, 178 ‐ 313) cardiopulmonary bypass procedures per year. Chylothorax emerged as the most prevalent lymphatic disorder followed by protein‐losing enteropathy and plastic bronchitis. The most common diagnostic investigation method was noncontrast magnetic resonance lymphangiography (52%). Eleven centers (35%) conducted lymphatic interventions with a median of 3 (interquartile range, 1 ‐ 4) procedures per year and 12 (interquartile range, 5 ‐ 15) interventions in total per center.

Conclusions
This study confirms the rarity of and variation in treatment approaches for lymphatic disorders across Europe. With at least 11 centers offering lymphatic interventions, the adoption of these procedures is on the rise in Europe. To improve the quality of care and treatment outcomes for these complex patients, it is crucial to consider evidence‐based lymphatic diagnostics, interventional lymphatic procedures, and the centralization of services in Europe.
Anti-Inflammatory Thrombolytic JX10 (TMS-007) in Late Presentation of Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Niizuma Kuniyasu , Nishimura Naoko , Hasegawa Keiko , Moritoyo Takashi , Kudo Kohsuke , Bell Josh , Wald Michael , Umeda Yoshifumi , Kuribayashi Kazuhiko , Toda Yasuo , Tominaga Teiji , Hasumi Keiji 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:

Contemporary thrombolytics in acute ischemic stroke are limited to administration within 4.5 hours of last known normal. JX10 (formerly TMS-007), a
Stachybotrys microspora
triprenyl phenol family member, may extend this therapeutic window.

METHODS:
In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation phase 2a study, JX10 or placebo was administered as a single intravenous infusion to Japanese patients with acute ischemic stroke who were unable to receive tissue-type plasminogen activator or thrombectomy within 12 hours of last known normal. Primary end point was incidence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage with a worsening National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of ≥4 points within 24 hours of drug administration (symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage incidence).

RESULTS:

Ninety patients received either placebo (n=38; female 26.3%) or JX10 at 1, 3, or 6 mg/kg (n=6, 18, 28; female 0%, 33.3%, and 42.9%, respectively). Median age (range) and baseline median (range) National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores were respectively 76.5 (42–87) and 8 (6–21) for the combined JX10 cohort (JX10 Cohorts) and 75.0 (34–85) and 8 (6–22) for placebo. Median (range) dosing time since last known normal was 9.5 (5.0–12.1) and 10.0 (3.7–12.0) hours for JX10 Cohorts and placebo, respectively. Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage incidence was 0% (0/52 [95% CI, 0.0–5.6]) for JX10 Cohorts versus 2.6% (1/38 [95% CI, 0.1–13.8]) for placebo (
P
=0.42). Vessel patency at 24 hours (secondary end point) in patients with baseline arterial occlusive lesion score <3 (39/90) improved in 58.3% (14/24) of patients in JX10 Cohorts versus 26.7% (4/15) for placebo (odds ratio, 4.23 [95% CI, 0.99–18.07]). In JX10 Cohorts, a significantly higher proportion of patients had modified Rankin Scale scores of 0 to 1 on day 90 (secondary end point) versus placebo (JX10: 21/52, 40.4% versus placebo: 7/38, 18.4%;
P
=0.03).

CONCLUSIONS:
JX10 was well tolerated and may expand the acute ischemic stroke therapeutic window as a novel thrombolytic agent.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://rctportal.niph.go.jp/en
; Unique identifier: jRCT2080223786.
Characterizing Learning Curves During Language Model Pre-Training: Learning, Forgetting, and Stability
Authors: Chang Tyler A. , Tu Zhuowen , Bergen Benjamin K. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
How do language models learn to make predictions during pre-training? To study this, we extract learning curves from five autoregressive English language model pre-training runs, for 1M unseen tokens in context. We observe that the language models generate short repetitive phrases before learning to generate longer and more coherent text. We also find that individual tokens often exhibit sudden increases or decreases in loss that are surprisingly consistent across pre-training runs. To better understand these fluctuations, we quantify the final surprisal, within-run variability, age of acquisition, forgettability, and cross-run variability of learning curves for individual tokens in context. More frequent tokens reach lower final surprisals, exhibit less variability within and across pre-training runs, are learned earlier, and are less likely to be “forgotten” during pre-training. Higher n-gram probabilities further accentuate these effects. Independent of the target token, shorter and more frequent contexts correlate with marginally more stable and quickly acquired predictions. Based on our results, we argue for the existence of sequential learning dependencies between different model capabilities, and we characterize language model learning as early n-gram learning before gradual refinement of tail n-gram predictions.
Athanasius Kircher’s Cabala Saracenica: European Reception of the Islamic Science of Letters and Divine Names
Authors: Saif Liana 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article introduces a significant case regarding the European reception of ʿilm al-ḥurūf wa-l-asmāʾ (the science of letters and divine names) in the Oedipus Aegyptiacus by the Jesuit polymath Athanasius Kircher (1602-1680). Classis V in Tomus II.1, Caps. I-X, and Classis VII, Cap. VI in Tomus II.2 contain Kircher’s most comprehensive engagement with the science of letters, referred to as the Cabala Saracenica in juxtaposition with the Cabala Hebraica. In addition to identifying crucial sources that influenced Kircher’s understanding of the science of letters, this article demonstrates how “Cabala” serves as a comparative tool in Kircher’s construction of a universal language for the Church. It encapsulates his approach to sacred oriental philology, revealing the Hermetic and Kabbalistic erudition absorbed by their native users. This exposure aims to demonstrate that wisdom ultimately reveals the truth of Christian doctrine.
Streetcars: A Comparative Study between Elia Kazan’s A Streetcar Named Desire (1951) and Its Various Adaptations by Egyptian Cinema
Authors: Saidi Amira Rihab 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper probes into the issue of censorship in Egyptian cinema compared to Hollywood during the second half of the twentieth century. It discusses Egyptian censorship regulations and governmental interference in the film industry and their impact on film reception. Conducted over six months, this research specifically investigates three Egyptian film adaptations of Tennessee Williams’s A Streetcar Named Desire (1951), which are Inhiraf (Aberration) (1985), Alfarisa (Prey) (1986) and Al-Raghba (Desire) (2002). These adaptations are scrutinized through the lens of the Egyptian censorship code and the way these film adaptations may have promoted an Americanization of Arab culture is examined.
Risk factors for acute kidney injury in patients with severe acute pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Min , Xiao Yuqiong , Wang Anqiao 
Published: November 2024

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify the risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases for case-control studies comparing the clinical characteristics of patients with SAP with and without AKI. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using fixed- or random-effects models, based on heterogeneity. Results: Five studies involving 795 patients with SAP were included, of whom 173 (21.8 %) developed AKI. All studies were of high quality according to the NOS. Among the 17 potential risk factors that were analysed, a history of alcohol consumption (OR = 2.36, 95% CI = 0.54–10.43, p < 0.001), elevated serum amylase (OR = 4.50, 95% CI = 1.77–11.43, p = 0.002) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 0.49–2.64, p = 0.004) were significantly associated with an increased risk of AKI. However, hypertension (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 0.60–2.16, p = 0.69) and diabetes (OR = 1.88, 95% CI = 0.51–6.95, p = 0.34) were not significantly associated with AKI risk. Based on funnel plots, no obvious publication bias was detected. Conclusions: A history of alcohol consumption, elevated serum amylase and APACHE II score are significant risk factors for AKI in patients with SAP. For early intervention, clinical physicians should be vigilant about the risk of AKI in patients with SAP with these factors. More high-quality studies are needed to validate these findings and explore other potential risk factors.