bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role ofCD47gene expression in colorectal cancer: a comprehensive molecular profiling study
Authors: Arai Hiroyuki , Gandhi Nishant , Battaglin Francesca , Wang Jingyuan , Algaze Sandra , Jayachandran Priya , Soni Shivani , Zhang Wu , Yang Yan , Millstein Joshua , Lo Jae Ho , Sohal Davendra , Goldberg Richard , Hall Michael J , Scott Aaron James , Hwang Jimmy J , Lou Emil , Weinberg Benjamin A , Marshall John , Goel Sanjay , Xiu Joanne , Korn W Michael , Lenz Heinz-Josef 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundIn patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), the therapeutic effects of conventional immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the adaptive immune system are largely limited to those with microsatellite instability-high tumors. Meanwhile, new immunotherapies targeting the innate immune system are attracting increasing attention. CD47 is a representative innate immune checkpoint involved in the evasion of tumor cell phagocytosis by macrophages. This large-scale study comprehensively examined the molecular significance ofCD47gene expression in CRC.MethodsWe analyzed the next-generation sequencing data of DNA and RNA from 14,287 CRC cases included in the data set of a commercial Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments-certified laboratory (Caris Life Sciences). The cases were divided into two groups based on the median value ofCD47gene expression levels. The molecular and immune profiles between the groups were compared, and the relationship betweenCD47expression and survival outcomes was further examined.ResultsInCD47-high tumors, the proportion of consensus molecular subtypes 1 and 4 was significantly higher than inCD47-low tumors. The expression levels of damage-associated molecular pattern-related genes showed a positive correlation withCD47expression levels. Major oncogenic pathways, such as mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, angiogenesis, and transforming growth factor beta, were significantly activated inCD47-high tumors. Additionally, the expression levels of a panel of adaptive immune checkpoint genes and estimates of immune cells constituting the tumor microenvironment (TME) were significantly higher inCD47-high tumors.ConclusionsCD47expression in CRC was associated with the activation of several oncogenic pathways and an immune-engaged TME. Our findings may provide valuable information for considering new therapeutic strategies targeting innate immune checkpoints in CRC.
WWOX tuning of oleic acid signaling orchestrates immunosuppressive macrophage polarization and sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma to immunotherapy
Authors: Liu Shaoqing , Yang Shiguang , Xu Min , Zhou Qiang , Weng Jialei , Hu Zhiqiu , Xu Minghao , Xu Wenxin , Yi Yong , Shi Yi , Dong Qiongzhu , Hung Mien-Chie , Ren Ning , Zhou Chenhao 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are therapeutically effective for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) but are individually selective. This study examined the role of specific common fragile sites (CFSs) related gene in HCC immunotherapy.MethodsWe analyzed HCC tissues using next-generation sequencing and flow cytometry via time-of-flight technology. A humanized orthotopic HCC mouse model, an in vitro co-culture system, untargeted metabolomics and a DNA pulldown assay were used to examine the function and mechanism of WWOX in the tumor immune response.ResultsWWOX was the most upregulated CFS-related gene in HCC patients responsive to ICIs. WWOX deficiency renders HCC resistant to PD-1 treatment in humanized orthotopic HCC mouse model. Macrophage infiltration is increased and CD8 T-cell subset infiltration is decreased in WWOX-deficient HCC patients. HCC-derived oleic acid (OA) promotes macrophage conversion to an immunosuppressive phenotype. Mechanistically, WWOX deficiency promoted OA synthesis primarily via competitive binding of NME2 with KAT1, which promoted acetylation of NME2 at site 31 and inhibited NME2 binding to the SCD5 promoter region. Pharmacological blockade of SCD5 enhanced the antitumor effects of anti-PD-1 therapy.ConclusionsWWOX is a key factor for immune escape in HCC patients, which suggests its use as a biomarker for stratified treatment with ICIs in clinical HCC patients.
Heterozygous de novo variants inHSPD1cause hypomyelinating leukodystrophy through impaired HSP60 oligomerisation
Authors: Eskin-Schwartz Marina , Seraidy Shaikah , Paz Eyal , Molhem Maism , Ranza Emmanuelle , Antonarakis Stylianos E , Blanc Xavier , Herman Kristin , Benko William S , Libzon Stephanie , Ben Sira Liat , Fattal-Valevski Aviva , Dolgin Vadim , Birk Ohad S , Kessel Amit , Bross Peter , Weiss Celeste , Azem Abdussalam , Zerem Ayelet 
Published: November 2024

Introduction
Hypomyelinating leukodystrophies are a group of genetic disorders, characterised by severe permanent myelin deficiency. Their clinical features include developmental delay with or without neuroregression, nystagmus, central hypotonia, progressing to spasticity and ataxia.HSPD1encodes the HSP60 chaperonin protein, mediating ATP-dependent folding of imported proteins in the mitochondrial matrix. Pathogenic variants inHSPD1have been related to a number of neurological phenotypes, including the dominantly inherited pure hereditary spastic paraplegia (MIM 605280) and the recessively inherited hypomyelinating leukodystrophy 4 (MIM 612233). Subsequently, an additional phenotype of hypomyelinating leukodystrophy has been reported due to de novo heterozygousHSPD1variants.
In the current work, we expand the clinical and genetic spectrum of this hypomyelinating disorder by describing a cohort of three patients, being heterozygous forHSPD1variants involving residue Ala536 of HSP60 (the novel p.Ala536Pro variant and the previously reported p.Ala536Val).

Methods
Clinical and radiological evaluation; whole exome sequencing, in vitro reconstitution assay and patient fibroblast cell lysate analysis.

Results
Clinical manifestation was of early-onset nystagmus, tremor and hypotonia evolving into spasticity and ataxia and childhood-onset neuroregression in one case. Brain MRI studies revealed diffuse hypomyelination.
The 3D protein structure showed these variants to lie in spatial proximity to the previously reported Leu47Val variant, associated with a similar clinical phenotype. In vitro reconstitution assay and patient fibroblast cell lysate analysis demonstrated that these mutants display aberrant chaperonin protein complex assembly.

Discussion
We provide evidence that impaired oligomerisation of the chaperonin complex might underlie this HSPD1-related phenotype, possibly through exerting a dominant negative effect.
New constraints on the timing and nature of metamorphism in the eastern Meguma terrane, Nova Scotia, Canada
Authors: van Rooyen Deanne , Archibald Donnelly B. , White Chris E. , Everest Rachel L. , Ross Colin G. , Smit Matthijs A. 
Published: November 2024

The Meguma terrane in Nova Scotia consists mainly of Cambrian to Ordovician metasedimentary rocks intruded by abundant peraluminous granite, granodiorite, and minor diorite–tonalite–plutons between ca. 380 and 360 Ma. The metasedimentary rocks were variably metamorphosed to greenschist- to amphibolite-facies during the Early Devonian. In the eastern Meguma terrane, the regional M1 chlorite- and biotite-zone assemblages are overprinted by two types of high-temperature low-pressure M2 metamorphism. In contact aureoles around plutons the regional M1 assemblages are overprinted by cordierite- and andalusite-bearing M2 contact metamorphic assemblages, and away from plutons chlorite-bearing, (or biotite-bearing) regional M1 assemblages are overprinted by staurolite-, garnet-, and (or) cordierite-bearing M2 regional assemblages that represent metamorphism driven by a regional elevated thermal gradient. The interpreted metamorphic conditions in the eastern Meguma terrane range from ca. 480–550 °C and pressures below 2.5 kbar up to 550–650 °C with pressures between 4 and 5 kbar. Based on a new garnet Lu–Hf age, regional metamorphism was ongoing at ca. 372 Ma, hence broadly coeval with pluton emplacement. Metamorphism and pluton emplacement took place in a largely transpressional tectonic setting during the collision of the Meguma terrane with Avalonia. After pluton emplacement, peak metamorphic assemblages were variably overprinted with retrograde chlorite and sericite M3 assemblages while deformation continued. Regional structures were transposed into a composite transposition foliation as a result of continued motion along the terrane-bounding Minas Fault Zone and associated ductile shear zones.
Generation of phonon quantum states and quantum correlations among single photon emitters in hexagonal boron nitride
Authors: Molinares Hugo , Pinilla Fernanda , Muñoz Enrique , Muñoz Francisco , Eremeev Vitalie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHexagonal boron nitride exhibits two types of defects with great potential for quantum information technologies: single-photon emitters (SPEs) and one-dimensional grain boundaries hosting topologically-protected phonons, termed as topologically-protected phonon lines (TPL). Here, by means of a simple effective model and density functional theory calculations, we show that it is possible to use these phonons for the transmission of information. Particularly, a single SPE can be used to induce single-, two- and qubit-phonon states in the one-dimensional channel, and (ii) two distant SPEs can be coupled by the TPL that acts as a waveguide, thus exhibiting strong quantum correlations. We highlight the possibilities offered by this material-built-in nano-architecture as a phononic device for quantum information technologies.
Adapting Homelessness Interventions for People Who Use Drugs or Alcohol in Montreal, Quebec: Service User Perspectives
Authors: Brais Hannah , Riva Mylene 
Published: November 2024

Background: Under a housing affordability crisis, Montreal, Canada, is host to a growing homeless population. While people who use drugs or alcohol make up a large part of this group, homeless resources in the city continue to exclude them through sobriety rules or by not adapting programming to their specific needs. This systematic exclusion, and the conditions of these resources, can often be retraumatizing for individuals seeking help. Applying a trauma‐informed spaces of care framework, this research asks what are the needs of homeless individuals who use substances to exit homelessness? What are the current limits within homeless resources in Montreal to actualize these needs? How can they change to meet these needs?Methods: In 2023, 30 semistructured interviews were conducted, with follow‐up at 3 months, with individuals who use drugs or alcohol currently experiencing homelessness. Transcribed interviews were analyzed in Nvivo.Results: Findings called for serious reforms to homeless service provision, with an emphasis on more forms of harm reduction‐based programming, integrated occupational activities, improved psychosocial accompaniment, better division of service users, and alternative and adapted housing interventions for substance users. Most participants disclosed potentially traumatic life experiences, highlighting the need for trauma‐informed programming.Conclusion: Allowing individuals to articulate their needs and desires for programming demonstrates that this group recognizes the inadequacy of services and identifies the homeless resource as a site of potential traumatization. While the recommendations of people with living experience of homelessness and substance use articulate promising practices in substance use recovery, as well as homelessness service provision, homeless service providers are slow to adapt their programming accordingly.
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Modulates Voluntary Task-order Coordination in Dual-task Situations
Authors: Kübler Sebastian , Langsdorf Leif , Meyer Marlene , Schubert Torsten 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Dual tasks (DTs) require additional control processes that temporally coordinate the processing of the two component tasks. Previous studies employing imaging as well as noninvasive stimulation techniques have demonstrated that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is causally involved in these task-order coordination processes. However, in these studies, participants were instructed to match their processing order to an externally provided and mandatory order criterion during DT processing. Hence, it is still unknown whether the dlPFC is also recruited for rather voluntary order control processes, which are required in situations that allow for intentional and internally generated order choices. To address this issue, in two experiments, we applied anodal (Experiment 1) and cathodal (Experiment 2) transcranial direct current stimulation during a random-order DT in which participants could freely decide about their order of task processing. In our results, we found facilitatory and inhibitory effects on voluntary task-order coordination because of anodal and cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation, respectively. This was indicated by shorter RTs when participants intentionally switched the task order relative to the preceding trial during anodal as well as a reduced tendency to switch the task order relative to the preceding trial during cathodal stimulation compared with the sham stimulation. Overall, these findings indicate that the dlPFC is also causally involved in voluntary task-order coordination processes. In particular, we argue that the dlPFC is recruited for intentionally updating and implementing task-order information that is necessary for scheduling the processing of two temporally overlapping tasks.
Multivariate dynamics of Ecuadorian public universities and their research trends, according to Web of Science (pre-COVID period)
Authors: Peralta Gamboa Dennis Alfredo , Álvarez-Muñoz Patricio , Pacheco-Olea Fernando Erasmo , Aviles Valenzuela Angelo Marcos 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study investigates research trends in Ecuadorian public universities by analyzing 1,826 Web of Science articles from the pre-COVID-19 period (2015–2018). Using the HJ-biplot method for graphical representation, correlations between universities and research areas are examined. The findings highlight marked regional differences: in Coast-East, research is concentrated in Education and Social Sciences, led by the University of Guayaquil, while, in the Highlands, there is a focus on Engineering and Chemistry, with the National Polytechnic School as a pioneer. These differences reflect the need for research strategies adapted to each regional context. In addition, changes are observed in the research areas of institutions such as the Higher Polytechnic School of Chimborazo and the Technical University of Machala. This study underscores the importance of developing differentiated research policies in Ecuador, appropriate to the strengths and needs of each region, and provides a basis for strategic planning in the academic and scientific areas of the country.
Mighty Eagles and Mercenaries: Existentialism and War in Ghāda al-Sammān’s Early Short Stories
Authors: Columbu Alessandro 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article looks at the existentialist nature of Ghāda al-Sammān’s early short stories, with a particular focus on her very first collection, Aynāka qadarī (Your eyes are my destiny), published in 1962. Ghāda al-Sammān was born in Syria and widely celebrated for her novelistic career: this article gives centrality to two of her early short stories as they present narratives that intricately weave individual and collective struggles within the context of the Algerian war of independence. Analysing the interplay between overarching Arab causes, feminism and existential themes, this study explores the nuanced portrayal of characters grappling with the complexities of war, morality and personal redemption. The protagonists, often embodying dichotomous perspectives, symbolize dignity and barbarism, echoing existentialist principles. The article examines how al-Samman’s youthful perspective and Sartrean influences shape the narratives, offering readers a unique lens into the psychological and moral dimensions of conflict. By unravelling layers of existential struggle and political engagement, this analysis sheds light on the richness and relevance of al-Samman’s early works within the broader literary and philosophical landscape.
Managing Climate Change at the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Butrint, Albania
Authors: Hodges Richard , Prince† David 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The UN’s panel on climate change identified the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Butrint, Albania, as vulnerable to sea-level changes in the coming decades. This article summarises the site’s history and environment before considering new institutional developments to manage Butrint as a major tourist destination. It also considers the challenges posed by the prospect of subsidence caused by tectonic events and climate change. The article considers appropriate mitigation strategies made possible by the Albanian government’s policy of instituting a new management authority at Butrint.
The Power of Trial History: How Previous Trial Shapes Audiovisual Integration
Authors: Tang Xiaoyu , Liu Wanlong , Wu Yingnan , Ren Rongxia , Sun Jiaying , Yang Jiajia , Wang Aijun , Zhang Ming 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Combining information from visual and auditory modalities to form a unified and coherent perception is known as audiovisual integration. Audiovisual integration is affected by many factors. However, it remains unclear whether the trial history can influence audiovisual integration. We used a target–target paradigm to investigate how the target modality and spatial location of the previous trial affect audiovisual integration under conditions of divided-modalities attention (Experiment 1) and modality-specific selective attention (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, we found that audiovisual integration was enhanced in the repeat locations compared with switch locations. Audiovisual integration was the largest following the auditory targets compared to following the visual and audiovisual targets. In Experiment 2, where participants were asked to focus only on visual, we found that the audiovisual integration effect was larger in the repeat location trials than switch location trials only when the audiovisual target was presented in the previous trial. The present results provide the first evidence that trial history can have an effect on audiovisual integration. The mechanisms of trial history modulating audiovisual integration are discussed. Future examining of audiovisual integration should carefully manipulate experimental conditions based on the effects of trial history.
Influence of previous drought exposure on the 3D microstructure of the cambium and developing xylem in Eucalyptus clones: An X-ray CT investigation
Authors: Schoeman Letitia , Drew David M. 
Published: November 2024

Summary
In plant biology research, X-ray computed tomography (CT) has been demonstrated to be useful for studying the complex tissues of trees qualitatively and quantitatively. The cambium plays a very important role in plant growth and development. However, this tissue is relatively poorly studied due to its complex nature and its localization between layers of xylem and phloem cells. Antecedent environmental conditions may have a substantial impact on plant responses to drought and recovery dynamics. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of previous drought exposure on the 3D microstructure of two commercial Eucalyptus clones by monitoring the development of the cambium, in the same plant and same area of cambial tissue, during a 4-week trial consisting of well-watered, mild drought, severe drought, and rewatering phases. To track microstructural changes, the plants were imaged weekly with non-destructive X-ray micro-computed tomography (μCT). On the last day of the experiment, X-ray nano-CT was also performed. Our results indicate that trees subjected to earlier well-watered conditions were more affected by the severe drought, compared to those previously exposed to mild drought conditions. Thus, previous exposure to water deficit may provide the benefit of increased drought tolerance during future water deficit. Previous mild drought exposure can facilitate morphological adjustments, which potentially enhances drought tolerance during subsequent drought events.
Insights of Dynamic Forcing Effects of MJO on ENSO from a Shallow Water Model
Authors: Wang Jinyu , Fang Xianghui , Chen Nan , Mu Mu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is believed to play a significant role in triggering El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events and affect the dynamics of ENSO. In this study, the dynamic forcing effects of MJO on the equatorial oceanic dynamic fields and the onsets of different types of ENSO events are investigated through sensitive experiments using spatiotemporally filtered forcing based on an anomalous shallow water model. The comparisons between observations and model responses provide meaningful insights into the extent of MJO’s impacts on sea surface dynamics relative to other atmospheric variabilities. The following conclusions are made. First, the MJO-forced perturbations on zonal currents are stronger and more significant than those on sea surface heights. Second, MJO is essential for improving zonal current simulation in the western-central Pacific and generating activity centers of zonal currents in the eastern Pacific in the model. Third, MJO tends to contribute to the onset of El Niño events rather than La Niña events. Strong intraseasonal oceanic Kelvin waves forced by MJO are confirmed in simulations during the onset stages of the 1997/98 and 2004/05 events. The 120-day running standard deviations of zonal current and sea surface height anomaly series forced by MJO exhibit positive skewness similar to those of the 20–100-day band-passed observational series. Yet, not all the onsets of historical ENSO events are in company with strong MJO-related perturbations. Additionally, the wind stress formula can amplify the responses of zonal current and sea surface height anomalies to synoptic forcings with periods shorter than 20 days through entraining lower-frequency variabilities.

Significance Statement
The Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is believed to be able to trigger El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events and influence our understanding of the fundamental nature of ENSO. In this study, spatiotemporally filtered forcing experiments are implemented on an anomalous shallow water model. The results show that MJO is more important for improving the simulation of surface zonal currents rather than the sea surface heights and tends to contribute to the onset of El Niño events rather than La Niña events through triggering strong intraseasonal oceanic Kelvin waves.