bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Voxel-based morphometry in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Bakulin I. S. , Konovalov R. N. , Krotenkova M. V. , Suponeva N. A. , Zakharova M. N. 
Published: January 2019

Objective:to investigate changes in grey matter volume in patients with classical amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and lower motor neuron syndrome (LMNS) with voxel-based morphometry (VBM).Material and methods. 30 patients with classical ALS, 22 patients with LMNS and 23 age and gender matched healthy controls were enrolled in this study. All participants underwent a T1MPR (multiplanar reconstruction) magnetic resonance imaging with post-processing included spatial normalization, segmentation and smoothing. VBM was used to investigate changes in grey matter volume across the groups.Results. There was a significant decrease in grey matter volume of middle part of left pre- and postcentral gyri, middle part of right precentral gyrus, right and left occipital lobes in patients with classical ALS compared to healthy subjects. There was no difference in grey matter volume between patients with LMNS and healthy controls. Patients with classical ALS showed a significant decrease in grey matter volume of middle part of left preand postcentral gyri, upper part of left precentral gyrus, middle and upper parts of right precentral gyrus, right and left occipital lobes compared to patients with LMNS. There was no significant correlation between grey matter volume and clinical findings in patients with ALS and LMNS.Conclusion.VBM reveals a decrease in grey matter volume of motor and nonmotor brain regions in patients with classical ALS, but not in patients with LMNS.
Applying Machine-Learning Techniques To Interpret Flow-Rate, Pressure, and Temperature Data From Permanent Downhole Gauges
Authors: Tian Chuan , Horne Roland N. 
Published: January 2019

Summary
Permanent downhole gauges (PDGs) provide a continuous record of pressure, temperature, and, sometimes, flow rate during well production. The continuous record provides rich information about the reservoir and makes PDG data a valuable source for reservoir analysis (e.g., pressure-rate deconvolution for reservoir-model identification). It has been shown in previous work that the convolution-kernel (CK) -based data-mining approach is a promising tool to interpret flow-rate and pressure data from PDGs. The CK method denoises and deconvolves the pressure signal successfully without an explicit-breakpoint detection. However, the bottlenecks of computational efficiency and the incomplete recovery of reservoir behaviors limit the application of the method to interpret real-PDG data.
In this paper, three different machine-learning techniques were applied to flow-rate/pressure interpretation. We formulated the machine-learning techniques into a linear regression (LR) on parameters that connect the nonlinear flow-rate features with pressure targets. Such a formulation leads to a closed-form solution, which speeds up the computation dramatically. The machine-learning algorithms that were formulated using LR were shown to have the same learning quality as the CK method, and they outperformed it with much less computational effort. Next, the kernel method was applied to address the issue of the incomplete recovery of reservoir behaviors, because it efficiently expanded the dimension of the feature space without an explicit representation of the features, but it led to overfitting. Finally, kernel ridge regression (KRR) used the expanded features given by the kernel function to capture the more detailed reservoir behaviors, while controlling the prediction error using ridge regression (RR). It was shown that KRR recovers the full reservoir behaviors successfully (e.g., wellbore-storage effect, skin effect, infinite-acting radial flow, and boundary effect).
Some potential uses of temperature data from PDGs are also discussed in this paper. Machine learning was shown to be able to model the temperature and pressure data recorded by PDGs, even if the actual physical model is complex. This originates from the fact that, by using features as an approximation of model characteristics, machine learning does not require a perfect knowledge of the physical model. The modeling of pressure using temperature data was extended to two promising applications: pressure-history reconstruction using temperature data, and the cointerpretation of temperature and pressure data when flow-rate data are not available.
Adverse effects of honey on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and adiponectin concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled cross-over trial
Authors: Sadeghi Fatemeh , Salehi Saedeh , Akhlaghi Masoumeh 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: Due to antioxidant and fructose content, honey may be a suitable sweetener for patients with type 2 diabetes. The aim was to investigate the long-term effect of natural honey on oxidative and inflammatory status of patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: In a randomized controlled cross-over trial, 43 patients with type 2 diabetes were allocated to either natural honey (50 g/day) plus dietary recommendations or only dietary recommendations for 8 weeks with one month washout period in between. Dietary recommendations included weight maintenance diets for participants on honey treatment and a deficit of -150 kcal for those on control. Serum lipids, malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and adiponectin levels were measured at baseline and the end of each sequence.
Results: Malondialdehyde (10.9%, p=0.01), hs-CRP (10.6%, p=0.003), and adiponectin (7.1%, p<0.001) concentrations significantly decreased in honey condition. Also, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (16.8%, p<0.001) significantly decreased in control and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol significantly increased in both conditions. Between-group differences were only statistically significant for adiponectin (p=0.005) and LDL cholesterol (p=0.005). Energy intake increased during honey condition (9.4%, p=0.045) but the difference was not statistically significant between the two conditions (p=0.1).
Conclusion: The results suggest that consumption of 50 g/day honey has adverse effects on LDL cholesterol and adiponectin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. These adverse effects may occur because of high fructose content of honey.
Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, IRCT2015062122364N2. Registered on 4 August 2015 - Retrospectively registered, available at: https://en.irct.ir/trial/19299.
Keywords: Honey, type 2 diabetes, LDL cholesterol, adiponectin, cross-over, trial, malondialdehyde, hs-CRP.
Oxidative Stress and the Epigenetics of Cell Senescence: Insights from Progeroid Syndromes
Authors: Romá-Mateo Carlos , Seco-Cervera Marta , Ibáñez-Cabellos José S. , Pérez Giselle , Berenguer-Pascual Ester , Rodríguez Laura R. , García-Giménez José L. 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Cell senescence constitutes a critical process to respond to a variety of insults and adverse
circumstances. Senescence involves the detention of DNA replication and cell proliferation, and hence,
genetic programs associated with DNA damage response, chromosome stability, chromatin rearrangement, epigenetic
reprogramming, and cell cycle are tightly linked to the senescent phenotype. Although senescence increases
with age, the real implication of senescence regulation in the progress of aging in humans is largely discussed. In
this context, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation has also been postulated to play a critical role in cell
homeostasis, aging processes, and control of proliferation.

Methods:
The previous years have produced a high increase in data that refine our understanding of the role of
ROS, and their relationship with epigenetic events, in determining cellular fate.

Results:
The accumulating evidence regarding the epigenetic regulation of ROS-mediated processes provides
promising tools to deepen in our comprehension of the process of senescence, and to develop novel therapeutic
strategies. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the relationships between oxidative stress and cell
senescence.

Conclusion:
We provide information about the role of epigenetic regulation in senescence and aging, collecting
recent data from some examples of progeroid syndromes in which cell senescence, oxidative stress and epigenetic
mechanisms are severely impaired. Finally, a collection of data is presented regarding current pharmacological
approaches that either target or use oxidative stress-related factors or epigenetic regulators as strategies for disease
treatment.
Oxidative Stress and Accelerated Aging in Neurodegenerative and Neuropsychiatric Disorder
Authors: Wadhwa Ridhima , Gupta Riya , Maurya Pawan K. 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Neurodegenerative diseases are becoming more and more common in today’s world. As
people are continuously being exposed to exogenous factors like UV radiations, gamma rays, X-Rays,
environmental pollutants and heavy metals, the cases of increased oxidative damage are increasing. Even though
some amount of oxidative damage occurs in all metabolic reactions but their increase from the normal level in
organisms causes neurodegenerative diseases. These neurodegenerative disorders like Alzeimers, Parkinsons
disease and neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar, depression are caused due to the decline in
physiological and psychological functions caused by ROS and RNS. These ROS and RNS are formed as the
result of excess oxidative damage in the system.

Methods:
The following article goes into detail explaining all the effects caused by excess oxidative damage like
ROS/RNS formation and telomere shortening. Further, it explains the pathways of neurodegenerative diseases
and neuropsychiatric diseases. This article also sheds light on the effective treatments of such disorders by changing
lifestyle and activating antioxidant pathways.

Conclusion:
It is clear that neurodegenerative diseases are caused due to excess oxidative stress and alter the
functioning of the central nervous system. The central nervous system undergoes neurodegenerative or
neuropsychiatric changes.
Quality Control of Display Devices for Medical Radiodiagnosis Employing the Standard TG18, GSDF and JND
Authors: de Mesquita Bruno Ribeiro , Ferreira C. , Souza Divanizia do Nascimento 
Published: January 2019

Introduction:
This work presents a study on the procedures for evaluating the quality of imaging display devices in radiology, considering the characteristic luminance curve obtained experimentally versus the Just Noticeable Difference (JND) and the lifetime of digital display devices.

Materials & Methods:
The evaluations were done using image patterns published by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine on Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine (DICOM) and the Grayscale Standard Display Function (GSDF), viewed in DICOM software, with various shades of gray. A digital luximeter was used as the luminance meter. A correlation with the time of use of the devices was performed to classify the digital devices as primary (suitable for medical diagnosis) or secondary (suitable only for visualization of medical images).

Results & Discussion:
Among the monitors evaluated, those with a resolution between 2 and 5 megapixels were classified as primary for up to 50, 000 hours of use, and some above that time limit present behavior equivalent to secondary monitors. Monitoring the temporal evolution of the use of devices is important to avoid errors in medical diagnosis.

Conclusion:
The use of a calibrated digital luximeter with an illuminance unit conversion factor in luminance defined by this equipment was shown to be an alternative to replace a photometer when this latter is not available.
Custos de confinamento de bovinos de corte no município de Colômbia, SP
Authors: Silva Guilherme Portes , Contin Teodoro Leonardo Michelucci , Santos Antônio Carlos Ramos dos 
Published: January 2019

O sistema de terminação de bovinos em confinamento possibilita intensificar a produção animal, pois se aglomera um elevado número de animais em pequenas áreas. Os principais problemas enfrentados nesse sistema de produção são o elevado custo da atividade, a remuneração do peso e as incertezas do mercado. Nesse sentido, esse estudo teve como objetivos analisar os índices econômicos de um sistema de terminação de bovinos em confinamento e identificar os principais itens que oneram a atividade. Foram confinados 2.579 animais da raça Nelore e anelorados em uma fazenda localizada no município de Colômbia, estado de SP, por um período de 110 dias. Forneceram-se três tipos de alimentação, classificadas em dieta de adaptação, crescimento e terminação, com duração de 14, 40 e 56 dias, respectivamente. Foram determinados indicadores econômicos, tais como margem bruta, índice de margem de contribuição e ponto de equilíbrio. A atividade resultou numa receita total de R$ 7,9 milhões. Os componentes do custo operacional efetivo que exerceram maior influência sobre os custos da atividade do confinamento foram a aquisição dos animais (72,08%), alimentação (24,08%), despesas diversas (1,45%), mão-de-obra (2,57%), frete (1,80%), sanidade (0,10%) e impostos (0,04%). A análise resultou em lucro de R$450.000 e margem de lucro de 5,7%. Os componentes do custo operacional efetivo que exercem maior influência sobre os custos da atividade de confinamento é a aquisição dos animais e a alimentação. Os índices econômicos apontaram que a atividade foi lucrativa e está se remunerando em curto prazo. Palavras-chave: pecuária de corte, terminação de bovinos, índices econômicos.
A cost–utility analysis of dulaglutide versus insulin glargine as third-line therapy for Type 2 diabetes in Canada
Authors: Pollock Richard F , Norrbacka Kirsi , Cameron Chris , Mancillas-Adame Leonardo , Jeddi Mark 
Published: January 2019

Aim:
The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes in Canada is estimated to be 7.6% and rising. Given the substantial economic burden associated with Type 2 diabetes treatment, optimizing healthcare expenditure is extremely important. In the present analysis, we evaluated the cost–effectiveness of dulaglutide 1.5 mg, a once-weekly glucagon-like peptide 1 agonist as third-line therapy relative to insulin glargine from the perspective of a Canadian healthcare payer.
Methods:
A patient-level cost-utility model of Type 2 diabetes was developed to capture seven microvascular and macrovascular complications and severe and nonsevere hypoglycemia. Cohort characteristics and the relative efficacy of dulaglutide 1.5 mg and insulin glargine were derived from the AWARD-2 head-to-head trial, which was identified by systematic literature review. Cost data were derived from Canadian sources and expressed in 2016 Canadian dollars (CAD), and future cost and quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) estimates were discounted at 1.5% per annum. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted.
Results:
Based on the AWARD-2 trial, relative to insulin glargine, dulaglutide 1.5 mg was projected to increase QALE by 0.38 quality-adjusted life years and increase costs by CAD 19,773, resulting in an incremental cost–effectiveness ratio of CAD 52,580 per quality-adjusted life year gained.
Conclusion:
A computer simulation analysis showed that dulaglutide 1.5 mg would likely be cost-effective relative to insulin glargine in patients with Type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on metformin and sulfonylurea in Canada.
Financial Reporting for Employee Stock Options: The Importance of Differentiating Compensation from Proceeds
Authors: Hill Mary S. , Ruch George W. 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Prior research finds a negative relation between outstanding employee stock options (ESOs) and common equity risk, suggesting that outstanding ESOs share characteristics with equity rather than liabilities. We extend this research to examine whether this relation is attributable to (1) the expected value of the cash proceeds to be received upon ESO exercise (“ESO-Proceeds”), or (2) the expected value of compensation to be paid to ESO holders for services provided (“ESO-Compensation”). This distinction is important because the question of whether outstanding ESOs share characteristics with liabilities or equity inherently pertains to ESO-Compensation, not ESO-Proceeds. Our findings indicate that the negative relation observed in prior research is attributable to ESO-Proceeds rather than ESO-Compensation, which is inconsistent with ESOs possessing characteristics of equity. Our study illustrates the importance of differentiating ESO-Compensation from ESO-Proceeds when addressing financial reporting questions related to outstanding ESOs.
IDENTIFIKASI KEJERNIHAN AIR SUMUR BOR DITINJAU DARI DAYA HANTAR LISTRIK (DHL) DENGAN KONDUKTIVITIMETER DI DESA SENTANG KECAMATAN TELUK MENGKUDU KABUPATEN SERDANG BEDAGAI
Authors: Manullang Dewi Feronika , Siregar Nurdin 
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kejernihan air, daya hantar listrik, salinitas, pH, suhu dan kandungan logam pada air sumur bor di Kecamatan Teluk Mengkudu pada empat dusu di Desa Sentang Kec. Teluk Mengkudu dengan titik acuan 030 57’593 LU dan 990 12’ 545 BT. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan mengambil sampel air laut dimulai dari titik acuan (garis pantai) hingga air laut murni dan mengambil sampel air sumur bor dimulai dari sumur bor terdekat dengan titik acuan (garis pantai), mengukur suhu dan daya hantar listrik kedua sampel serta kedalaman dan jarak sumur bor dari titik acuan (garis pantai). Data pengukuran daya hantar listrik yang diperoleh dikonversikan pada suhu 250C. Semua air sumur bor dari 20 sampel telah terintrusi tinggi yaitu mencapai 25% dan terintrusi agak tinggi yaitu mencapai 75 %. Daya Hantar Listrik (DHL) air sumur bor di Desa Sentang 390,62 – 556,69 µmho/cm,250C , salinitas 213- 296 mg/L, suhu 26,9 – 27,60C. Untuk analisa pengujian sampel air sumur bor yang memiliki nilai DHL tertinggi 556,69 µmho/cm,250C terdapat logam besi (Fe) sebesar 0,36 mg/l,sedangkan untuk sampel air sumur bor yang memiliki DHL terendah 390,62 µmho/cm,250C terdapat kandungan logam besi (Fe) sebesar 1,83 mg/l.Kata Kunci : Kejernihan Air, Intrusi Air Laut, DHL, Konduktivitimeter.
THE FEMINIST MEMOIR PROJECT: VOICES FROM WOMEN'S LIBERATION
Authors: Dukut Ekawati Marhaenny 
Published: January 2019

Edited by
RACHELBLAU
DUPLEISIS and ANN
SNITOW
U.S.A. : Three River Press
1998, 531pp
ISBN: 0-609-80384-0
Reviewed by EKAWATI
MARHAENNY DUKUT
PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP PENYALURAN OBAT KERAS DAFTAR G OLEH BADAN POM DI MAKASSAR
Authors: Suriangka Andi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe form of legal protection against consumers conducted by Balai Badan POM in Makassar has been in accordance with Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection. Then the distribution of medicines has been regulated in the Regulation of the Head of POM of the Republic of Indonesia Number 40 Year 2013 on Management Guidance of Pharmaceutical Precursor and Drugs Containing Precursors. The role of POM in Makassar is in accordance with the vision and mission of BPOM's mission in protecting the public from drug and food products that endanger health is poured in full spectrum surveillance system from pre-market to post-market control accompanied by law enforcement and community empowerment efforts.Keywords: Consumer Protection, Hard Medication AbstrakBentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen yang dilakukan oleh Balai Badan POM di Makassar telah sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen.kemudian penyaluran obat obatan telah diatur dalam peraturan kepala badan POM Republik Indonesia Nomor 40 Tahun 2013 tentang Pedoman Pengelolaan Prekursor Farmasi dan Obat Mengandung Prekursor.Peranan Balai Besar POM di Makassar sudah sesuai dengan visi dan misi yaitu, Misi BPOM dalam melindungi masyarakat dari produk obat dan makanan yang membahayakan kesehatan dituangkan dalam sistem pengawasan full spectrum mulai dari pre-market hingga post-market control yang disertai dengan upaya penegakan hukum dan pemberdayaan masyarakat (community empowerment).Kata kunci : Perlindungan Konsumen, Obat Keras
TELAAH TERHADAP HUBUNGAN HUKUM DAN KEKUASAAN
Authors: Safriani Andi 
Published: January 2019

In principle law and power have interrelated relationships with each other. The law Exist because it is made legitimate ruler, on the contrary the actions of the ruler are governed by the law it makes. Between law and power must be balanced, to exercise power there must be law as a limitation for the exercise of the power, whereas in the execution of the law there must be power for law enforcement or its apparatus so that the law can be obeyet by society.Key Word : Relationship, Law and Power Pada prinsipnya, Hukum dan Kekuasaan memiliki hubungan yang saling mempengaruhi satu sama lain, hukum ada karena dibuat penguasa yang sah, sebaliknya perbuatan penguasa diatur oleh hukum yang dibuatnya. Antara hukum dan kekuasaan haruslah seimbang, untuk menjalankan kekuasaan haruslah ada hukum sebagai rambu atau batasan bagi pelaksanaan kekuasaan tersebut, sedangkan dalam pelaksanaan hukum tersebut haruslah ada kekuasaan bagi penegak hukum (aparat) nya agar hukum tersebut dapat ditaati oleh masyarakat.Kata Kunci : Hubungan, Hukum dan Kekuasaan
EFEKTIVITAS PELAKSANAAN REHABILITASI MEDIS TERHADAP PECANDU DAN KORBAN PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOTIKA DI PROVINSI GORONTALO
Authors: Rasdianah Rasdianah , Nur Fuad 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRAKUntuk mengefektifkan program rehabilitasi medis terhadap pecandu dan korban penyalahgunaan narkotika maka Badan Narkotika Nasional Provinsi (BNNP) Gorontalo bersinergi dan menjalin koordinasi di antaranya dengan kepolisian, Institusi Penerima Wajib Lapor (IPWL) yang difasilitasi oleh pemerintah setempat, Lembaga Pemasyarakatan dan juga elemen masyarakat. Pada pelaksanaan rehabilitasi medis, ada residen yang datang secara sukarela (voluntary) meminta layanan rehabilitasi kepada BNNP Gorontalo atau ke IPWL dan ada residen yang berasal dari hasil razia pihak berwajib (compulsary). Residen rehabilitasi wajib menjalani 3 tahapan perawatan yang diawali dengan rawat inap dengan waktu maksimal 3 bulan, dilanjutkan dengan rawat jalan dan asesmen lanjutan. Penanganannya pun dapat berbeda-beda tergantung tingkat adiksi, kondisi tubuh dan juga kesepakatan bersama keluarga residen. Adapun faktor penghambat pelaksanaan program rehabilitasi tidak lepas dari peran masyarakat khususnya pecandu dan korban penyalahgunaan narkoba yang tidak berpartisipasi aktif dalam program rehabilitasi yang disebabkan karena beberapa faktor, di antaranya merasa mampu mengontrol/berhenti sendiri dengan cara melakukan pengobatan sendiri, adanya kekhawatiran berhadapan dengan hukum, pertimbangan nama baik keluarga dan lingkungan pekerjaan. Kata Kunci : Efektivitas, Rehabilitasi Medis, Pecandu, Penyalah Guna, Narkotika, Gorontalo