bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Allergic contact dermatitis caused by glucose sensors and insulin pumps: A full review
Authors: de Groot Anton , van Oers Emma M. , Ipenburg Norbertus A. , Rustemeyer Thomas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDuring the past 8 years, a large number of reports have appeared on allergic contact dermatitis to glucose sensors and insulin pumps in paediatric and adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Isobornyl acrylate in one particular sensor sensitised many hundreds of (published) individuals, and many other allergens were discovered in a large number of sensors and pumps. Diagnostic procedures with patch tests proved very complicated, as manufacturers showed a serious lack of cooperation with dermatologists in providing information on the ingredients of their products and samples for patch testing. This two part article provides a full and detailed review of all aspects of the subject of allergic contact dermatitis to glucose sensors and insulin pumps. Part 1 provided a general introduction to sensors and pumps, a survey of the cutaneous adverse reactions that they have caused, a full account of the allergens in the diabetes devices and an overview of the glucose sensors and insulin pumps that have caused allergic contact dermatitis. This part 2 presents all published case reports and case series, clinical features of allergic contact dermatitis, patch test procedures, differentiation from irritant dermatitis, management of allergic patients and (proposed) legislation.
Impact of Letermovir for Cytomegalovirus Primary Prophylaxis on Myelosuppression and Immunosuppression in Lung Transplant Recipients
Authors: Kleiboeker Hanna L. , Prom Alyson , Paplaczyk Krista , Wang Jacob , Borkowski Nicole , Miner Brad , Wright Jennifer , Venkata Subramani Mrinalini , Arunachalam Ambalavanan , Betensley Alan D. , Tomic Rade , Myers Catherine N. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundCytomegalovirus (CMV) is associated with detrimental outcomes after lung transplantation (LTX); primary prophylaxis (PPX) with valganciclovir (VGC) is guideline‐recommended. VGC is associated with myelosuppression, spurring interest in letermovir (LTV).MethodsAdults undergoing LTX between January 1, 2021, and July 30, 2022 at our institution who were converted from VGC to LTV for PPX were evaluated. Outcomes included antimetabolite dosing during PPX, the incidence and frequency of myelosuppressive events, and the time to the first myelosuppressive event.ResultsTwenty‐nine LTX recipients met the inclusion criteria. Most patients received non‐lymphocyte‐depleting induction (96.6%) and had moderate risk CMV serostatus (D+/R+, 48.3%). Patients transitioned from VGC to LTV 177 days (IQR 102 days) post‐transplant. After conversion to LTV, patients tolerated higher daily doses of mycophenolate (721 mg vs. 1000 mg, p = 0.008) or azathioprine (33.3 mg vs. 62.5 mg, p = 0.478). The incidence of myelosuppressive events was reduced (100.0% vs. 62.1%, p < 0.001) including leukopenia (96.6% vs. 58.6%, p = 0.001), severe leukopenia (82.8% vs 31.0%, p < 0.001) and neutropenia requiring GCSF (96.6% vs. 48.3%, p < 0.001) while on VGC compared to LTV. While on LTV, patients had a reduced rate of myelosuppressive events compared to VGC (1 event per 6.2 patient days vs. 1 event per 14.7 patient days, p < 0.001). While on LTV, one patient had breakthrough viremia (3.4%) that was treated with (val)ganciclovir.ConclusionsIn this single‐center study, patients tolerated higher doses of antimetabolite immunosuppression, and the incidence and frequency of myelosuppressive events were reduced while on LTV compared to VGC. This evidence expands upon the current literature demonstrating improved tolerability of LTV in LTX recipients.
Outcomes of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients With Thalassemia Major: How Do Anti‐HLA Antibodies Impact?
Authors: Ersoy Gizem Zengin , Aksoy Basak Adakli , Erdem Melek , Karataş Lokman , Aydoğdu Selime , Öner Özlem Başoğlu , Dikme Gürcan , Bozkurt Ceyhun , Fışgın Tunç 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo investigate the effects of anti‐human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) antibody positivity on early hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) results in patients with thalassemia major (TM).MethodsOne hundred and twenty‐four HLA‐matched HSCTs were performed in patients with TM between 2015 and 2022. Ninety‐one patients were screened for anti‐HLA antibodies by testing panel reactive antigens (PRA). Demographic and transplantation characteristics of patients were recorded. The presence of PRA was tested with the Antibody Testing Assay (Luminex LIFECODES HLA Antibody Identification System).ResultsThe number of PRA‐positive patients was 54. There was no relationship between acute graft versus host disease (GVHD), chronic GVHD, grade of GVHD, and viral reactivation of the patients. However, platelet engraftment took around 3 days longer in the PRA‐positive group (p = 0.05). The median number of erythrocyte transfusions was significantly higher in PRA‐positive patients in the post‐transplant period (p = 0.003), as was the median number of platelet transfusions (p = 0.003). Treosulfan conditioning increased the stable mixed chimerism (MC) rate by 3.8‐fold (p = 0.011). In contrast, reduced rates of MC were found in patients who received matched unrelated donor cells or peripherally derived stem cells (p = 0.011 and p = 0.039, respectively) in the posttransplantation period in TM patients. PRA‐positivity did not affect MC (p = 0.478). However, 80% of patients who had primary graft failure (n = 5; p = 0.59) and 75% of patients who died (n = 4) were PRA positive (p = 0.64), but these results were statistically insignificant due to the low number of patients.ConclusionAnti‐HLA antibodies primarily delayed platelet engraftment in TM patients and increased the erythrocyte and thrombocyte transfusion requirements. Although PRA positivity was more common in patients with primary graft failure or who died, there was no statistically significant impact of PRA positivity on chimerism, acute or chronic GVHD, viral activation, or mortality rates.
Increasing stability of northern Austrian Lepidoptera populations over three decades
Authors: Ulrich Werner , Schmitt Thomas , Gros Patrick , Habel Jan Christian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Agricultural intensification has led to landscape homogenisation across major parts of Europe and to reduced diversity in flora and fauna. In Central Europe, the species composition of major insect groups is increasingly dominated by a few ecologically generalist and mobile species. So far, however, the degree of stability of population sizes in today's anthropogenic landscapes in comparison to the pre‐Anthropocene has hardly been analysed.
Here, we studied large museum records of Lepidoptera from northern Austria spanning the years 1990–2022 to infer trends in the stability of population sizes.
On average, population dynamics decreased and stability increased significantly over time. This trend was most pronounced in lowland regions, where agricultural intensification transformed the former heterogeneous landscapes into intensively managed grasslands and fields.
Community structures are now dominated by ubiquitous species. Habitat specialist species existing in isolated patches particularly decreased over time.
A metapopulation structure appeared to have a stabilising effect on population dynamics.
We conclude that reduced diversity and altered community composition might not only stem from selective population decline but also from altered patterns of population stochasticity. Higher population stability was associated with faunal homogenisation. Precise butterfly sensitivity analyses require long‐term data on average population sizes and on community composition.
Evaluation of Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin and Anthracycline Dosing for Favorable Risk Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Mort Joseph F. , Brighton David , DiBenedetto Samantha , Wells Leah , Clark Stephen M. , Reid Justin , Patel Imari , Jackson Clayton , Yelvington Bradley , Miller Ryan , Perciavalle Matthew , Walsh Katherine , Wolfe Heather , Locke Susan C. , Zeidner Joshua F. , Duong Vu H. , Reed Daniel R. , Dholaria Bhagirathbhai , LeBlanc Thomas W. , Keng Michael , Horton Bethany , El Chaer Firas 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTGemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) is a CD33‐targeting antibody‐drug conjugate approved for the treatment of CD33‐positive de novo and relapsed and refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Subset analyses have demonstrated improved clinical outcomes in patients with favorable‐risk disease. It is unclear whether the addition of GO to cytarabine and anthracycline chemotherapy (7+3) improves clinical outcomes compared with other conventional regimens for AML. We evaluated the real‐world experience with GO added to 7+3 chemotherapy for patients with favorable risk AML. This retrospective analysis included 174 patients with de novo favorable risk AML undergoing induction chemotherapy between 2010 and 2020. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS) and secondary outcomes included rates of remission, measurable residual disease (MRD), and toxicity. Eighteen patients received GO, 37 received a high‐dose (HD) anthracycline, and 119 received an intermediate‐dose anthracycline. Composite complete remission was achieved in 162 patients (93.1%). Among the 54 patients who were assessed for MRD at remission, 66.7% were undetectable. An improvement in OS was seen for patients who received GO and those treated with HD anthracycline, which was better explained by differences in patient performance status and comorbidities. Patients who received GO did not show increased toxicity.
The rise and fall of Queckenstedt's test between 1916 and 1970, a milestone in spinal cord diagnostics and why it matters
Authors: Curt Armin , Zipser Carl Moritz 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeIn 1916, Hans H. G. Queckenstedt (1876–1918) was the first to describe a test aimed at detecting spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) space obstruction through lumbar CSF pressure measurements in paraplegic patients. For this test, bilateral jugular vein compression was applied during lumbar puncture and consecutive changes in lumbar CSF pressure were then observed. Findings were rated as normal, or indicative of incomplete or complete spinal block. This test, known as Queckenstedt's test, became widely adopted and further developed in the field.MethodsThis systematic literature review provides an overview of the milestones in research using Queckenstedt's test.ResultsClinical research involving Queckenstedt's test was widely disseminated across the globe. In 1922, the proof of concept for Queckenstedt's test was provided by James B. Ayer (1882–1963) through simultaneous cisternal and lumbar CSF pressure measurements. He found that the cisternal (in contrast to lumbar) pressure remained responsive in cases with spinal block. The test was further refined up until the 1960s, and was considered a routine diagnostic procedure for testing of spinal canal obstruction. Developments in non‐invasive spinal computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging led to a significant decline in interest in Queckenstedt's test, and the test eventually disappeared from textbooks and clinical routine. However, at the beginning of the 21st century there was renewed interest in revealing the biomechanical properties of the CSF through advanced recording and computational techniques to complement spinal imaging.ConclusionSpine and spinal cord physicians should be familiar with Queckenstedt's test, which not only represented a milestone in spinal diagnostics, but provided a physiological framework for the appreciation of spinal cord compression that is still valid today.
Study on Structure Optimization and Vibration Fatigue Analysis of Aluminum and Composite Brake Control Boxes
Authors: Shangguan Yiming , Wang Wenjing , He Anrui , Wang Yuzhu , Zhu Jing 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe brake control box beneath an EMU is exposed to dynamic and fluctuating load cases, increasing its susceptibility to vibration fatigue failure. A novel lightweight design approach was implemented to integrate structural and material optimizations. Static and fatigue tests of the T700/5429 CFRP were carried out to augment the stress analysis and predictions of the vibration fatigue life. The local stresses perpendicular and parallel to the welds were obtained to calculate the stress ratio, stress range, and allowable stress value corresponding to the stress component. The fatigue strength of the aluminum box was estimated on the basis of multiaxial criteria, and the fatigue life of the two boxes was predicted with Dirlik's theory. These computational findings unequivocally indicated a noteworthy reduction in damage to the composite box subsequent to lightweight modification, thereby successfully satisfying both the stiffness and strength criteria essential for the safety and reliability of the EMU.
Overlooked Vital Role of Persistent Algae‐Bacteria Interaction in Ocean Recalcitrant Carbon Sequestration and Its Response to Ocean Warming
Authors: Zhao Hanshuang , Zhang Zenghu , Nair Shailesh , Li Hongmei , He Chen , Shi Quan , Zheng Qiang , Cai Ruanhong , Luo Genming , Xie Shucheng , Jiao Nianzhi , Zhang Yongyu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTLong‐term carbon sequestration by the ocean's recalcitrant dissolved organic carbon (RDOC) pool regulates global climate. Algae and bacteria interactively underpin RDOC formation. However, on the long‐term scales, the influence of their persistent interactions close to in situ state on ocean RDOC dynamics and accumulation remains unclear, limiting our understanding of the oceanic RDOC pool formation and future trends under global change. We show that a Synechococcus‐bacteria interaction model system viable over 720 days gradually accumulated high DOC concentrations up to 84 mg L−1. Concurrently, the DOC inertness increased with the RDOC ratio reaching > 50%. The identified Synechococcus‐bacteria‐driven RDOC molecules shared similarity with over half of those from pelagic ocean DOC. Importantly, we provide direct genetic and metabolite evidence that alongside the continuous transformation of algal carbon by bacteria to generate RDOC, Synechococcus itself also directly synthesized and released RDOC molecules, representing a neglected RDOC source with ~0.2–1 Gt y−1 in the ocean. However, we found that although ocean warming (+4°C) can promote algal and bacterial growth and DOC release, it destabilizes and reduces RDOC reservoirs, jeopardizing the ocean's carbon sequestration capacity. This study unveils the previously underestimated yet significant role of algae and long‐term algae‐bacteria interactions in ocean carbon sequestration and its vulnerability to ocean warming.
Rethinking Global Hotspots for Threatened Terrestrial Vertebrates
Authors: Huais Pablo Yair , Osorio‐Olvera Luis , Cordier Javier Maximiliano , Tomba Ana N. , Soberón Jorge , Loyola Rafael , Nori Javier 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimWe aimed to delimit hotspots for terrestrial threatened vertebrate species (HTV) through novel macroecological and statistical approaches.LocationGlobal.Time PeriodPresent day (1979–2024).Major Taxa StudiedTerrestrial threatened vertebrate species (n = 7188).MethodsIn comparison with previous delimitations of hotspots, we: (i) considered richness and degree of endemism together through a robust statistical framework; (ii) focused on a priority set of species extremely important in terms of conservation, based on IUCN threat status; and (iii) used a fine spatial scale which allowed us to define key sub‐areas within classic hotspots. We also assessed the degree of protection and human impact within the proposed HTV.ResultsWe propose 20 global hotspots for threatened terrestrial vertebrates. In comparison with classic hotspots, proposed HTV have a significantly more limited distribution, covering ~27% of classic hotspots' area. In addition, a large proportion of HTV (~27%) does not match with classic hotspots. The overlap between HTV and protected areas (PAs) is low (< 11%), and extremely low when only strict protected areas are considered (< 1.5%). Also, a great degree of HTV exhibits high to extreme levels of human modification. On average, the velocity of climate change within HTV has been low, but attention must be given to notable areas presenting medium to high velocities. Interestingly, the geographical locations of highly endemic and rich areas considerably varied across individual vertebrate taxa. Yet, a high proportion of these priority areas for individual taxa are covered by the proposed HTV (74%–89%).Main ConclusionsOur findings present key areas of the world for threatened terrestrial vertebrate species, many of these at high risk due to an interplay among low levels of protection, extreme levels of human modification and climate change. The proposed HTV are highly relevant in terms of decision‐making, serving as a guide for allocating the limited conservation resources.
Relative frequency, characteristics, and disease burden of patients with migraine unsuitable for triptan treatment: A systematic literature review
Authors: Lipton Richard B. , Gendolla Astrid , Abraham Lucy , Jenkins Aaron , Telfort Jersen , Blakeman Karin Hygge , Saccone Phillip A. , Pustulka Iwona , Fotheringham Iain , Engh Anita 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis review was conducted to systematically identify evidence characterizing patients with migraine who are unsuitable for triptans.BackgroundTriptans are not suitable as first‐line treatment for all patients with migraine due to contraindications, lack of efficacy, and/or poor tolerability. However, there is debate about the frequency and characteristics of these patients and the burden they experience.MethodsMEDLINE, Embase, and conference abstracts (2011–2022) were reviewed for evidence on patients with migraine unsuitable for triptans for any reason. Data from publications describing the frequency and characteristics of this group, as well as the clinical, humanistic, or economic burden of disease in this population, were extracted.ResultsOf 1460 records screened, 29 publications met inclusion criteria. Persistence with triptans was low; 51%–66% of patients starting a new triptan did not refill it, and 43%–100% discontinued their initial triptan over 2 years. In one study, 14% of patients with migraine reported prior discontinuation/failure of ≥ 2 triptans due to inadequate efficacy or poor tolerability. Up to 15% of patients with migraine had triptan contraindications, and ≥ 20% of patients receiving triptans had contraindications. In four studies, 10%–44% of patients who tried triptans had insufficient response, although definitions varied. Patients who achieved a sufficient response typically did so with their first triptan; few became responders with additional triptans. Of patients who did not respond to one to two triptans and received another, 45% were dissatisfied with the final triptan. Approximately half of patients who tried two to three triptans had an insufficient response. Greater disability, impact of disease, and depression were reported in triptan discontinuers compared to those with sustained use. Worse quality of life scores and utility values were reported in triptan insufficient versus sufficient responders, as were greater migraine‐related costs, work impairment, and health‐care resource utilization.ConclusionThe total population of patients unsuitable for triptans is uncertain, but the literature highlights a large group who cannot or do not persist with triptans, and current evidence suggests a high burden in this population and an unmet need for new therapeutic options. Further research is needed to determine the frequency of unsuitability for triptans more precisely and to assess the associated burden.
Deep brain stimulation for chronic refractory cluster headache: A case series about long‐term outcomes and connectivity analysis
Authors: Aibar‐Durán Juan Ángel , González Nerea , Mirapeix Rosa M. , Sánchez‐Mateos Noemi Morollón , Arsequell Clara Roig , Pichot Maria Borrell , Belvís Nieto Robert , Fenoy Gemma Piella , de Quintana Schmidt Cristian , Hernandez Fernando Muñoz , Fernández Fernando Seijoo , Rodríguez Rodríguez Rodrigo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to provide long‐term clinical results—including “sweet spot” identification and connectomic imaging analysis—in a series of patients treated with deep brain stimulation for refractory chronic cluster headache.BackgroundDeep brain stimulation is a relatively recent indication for the treatment of refractory chronic cluster headache. This indication has generated substantial debate in recent years due to uncertainty surrounding the mechanism of action and the lack of long‐term efficacy data.MethodsCase retrospective series of adult patients diagnosed with refractory chronic cluster headache and treated with deep brain stimulation. Demographic and clinical data were registered preoperatively and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. The primary endpoint was reduction in headache load, a composite score of frequency, severity, and duration of each attack. Imaging analyses (sweet spot and connectomic analyses) were performed to identify the brain regions most closely correlated with the reduction in headache load and to identify the structural networks involved. Treatment response was categorized according to the reduction in headache load, as follows: poor (<30% reduction), partial (30–50%), or high (>50%).ResultsA total of 14 patients were included, with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of 42.4 (10.7) years and mean (SD) headache duration of 8.0 (5.8) years. Headache load scores decreased significantly from baseline to Month 24: mean (SD) 424.2 (325.9) versus 135.9 (155.7) (p = 0.001). In most patients (eight patients [58.0%]), headache load scores decreased by 50% after treatment. The other six patients showed either a partial (three [21.0%]) or poor (three [21.0%]) response. The optimized sweet spot was the lateral ventral tegmental area ((Montreal Neurological Institute) MNI coordinates of the center of mass: x = ± 9.0 mm, y = −10.6 mm, z = −3.5 mm). The connectomic analysis pointed to the probable implication of corticorubral tracts.ConclusionThese findings suggest that a substantial proportion of patients with refractory chronic cluster headache obtain significant long‐term clinical benefits from deep brain stimulation. Good responders were characterized by a robust improvement in headache load within 3–6 months after surgery. The lateral ventral tegmental area was identified as the best target for this indication, with the likely participation of corticorubral tracts.
Digital Guides for Precise U‐Shaped Splitting and Simultaneous Implant Placement With Minimal Surgical Trauma
Authors: Feng Xin , Wan Ziqianhong , Wang Xiaoxia , Wang Jin , Gan Xueqi , Zhu Zhuoli 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe aim of this report is to present the workflow of a surgical procedure involving U‐shaped splitting in an envelope flap with simultaneous implant placement using two digital guides for patients with insufficient bone width and labial concavity.Clinical ConsiderationTwo digital guides and an envelope flap are proposed in this report. An implant drilling guide and an osteotomy guide guarantee the precise execution of surgical procedures. Using an envelope flap enhances the integrity of the labial mucoperiosteum, minimizing surgical trauma and improving the effect of bone augmentation.ConclusionWith the assistance of two digital guides, precise U‐shaped splitting in an envelope flap can minimize surgical trauma and have a significant effect on horizontal bone augmentation.Clinical SignificanceThis workflow considers the implant positions, the scope of osteotomy, and the kind of flap. It ensures minimal surgical trauma and excellent bone augmentation effect, which means predictable esthetic outcomes and stability in oral implantology, and provides a considerable solution for patients with insufficient bone width and labial concavity.