bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Cross-sectional Study Investigating Learning Approaches in Undergraduate Medical Education
Authors: Akhras Aya , Wahood Waseem , Rad Fatemeh Abdulrahman Amir , Tuffnell Christopher , Davis David , Banerjee Yajnavalka 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Objective
The primary objective of this proof-of-concept cross-sectional study was to identify a framework for appraising the learning-approaches of undergraduate medical students in a competency based medical curriculum and correlating the results with teaching-approaches, as well as academic performance. The study was pursued at MBRU, which is a medical school in the Middle East with an undergraduate entry medical program.

Results
Our framework was blueprinted using the Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students (ASSIST) questionnaire, to which we made some modifications such that the overall cogency of the questionnaire wasn’t affected.
Initial results with modified ASSIST at MBRU showed that most of our students adopted Deep or Strategic-learning approaches. This observation is in line with other studies in the literature, which shows that modified ASSIST is a suitable tool for mapping generic learning approaches with teaching approaches.
Further, based on the insights from our initial results following the implementation of modified ASSIST, we have considered specific pedagogical strategies, in practice at MBRU, which cater to the generic learning approaches of majority of our undergraduate medical students. These pedagogical approaches, A. Feynman’s Technique; and B. Blended learning strategies, if implemented suitably in a curriculum will transform “Surface-learners” to “Deep/Strategic-learners”.
Explicit and implicit attachment and the outcomes of acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy for depression
Authors: A-Tjak Jacqueline G.L. , Morina Nexhmedin , Boendermaker Wouter J. , Topper Maurice , Emmelkamp Paul M.G. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

Attachment theory predicts that patients who are not securely attached may benefit less from psychological treatment. However, evidence on the predictive role of attachment in the effectiveness of treatment for depression is limited.

Methods

Explicit attachment styles, levels of attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance, as well as implicit relational self-esteem and implicit relational anxiety were assessed in 67 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) receiving Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) or Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). ANOVA and hierarchical regression analyses were performed to investigate the predictive power of explicit and implicit attachment measures on treatment outcome.

Results

Explicit attachment avoidance at pre-treatment significantly predicted reduction of depressive symptoms following treatment. Reductions in attachment anxiety and avoidance from pre- to post-treatment predicted better treatment outcomes. Neither attachment style as a categorical variable nor any of the implicit measures significantly predicted treatment outcome.

Limitations

The sample size is likely to limit the power to detect small effects.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that patients with all four attachment styles may profit similarly from psychological interventions. Attachment avoidance as a dimension was shown to play a role in treatment of depression, as were reductions in avoidant and anxious attachment dimensions. Future research should therefore investigate under what circumstances attachment avoidance can lead to better treatment results and if these effects remain in the long term.
Correlation Between Ischaemia Modified Albumin Level And Coronary Collateral Circulation
Authors: Chen Xin , Lin Yan , Tian Lihua , Wang Zhiquan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between ischemic modified albumin(IMA) level and coronary collateral circulation(CCC) in patients with chronic total occlusive disease (CTO).MethodsCoronary angiography was performed in the Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from 2017-08 to 2019-02 to determine 128 patients with CTO lesions in at least one major coronary artery. According to the Rentrop evaluation criteria, the degree of CCC formation was divided into CCC poor formation group (Rentrop0-1grade, n=69) and CCC formation good group (Rentrop2-3grade, n=59). The IMA level of the patients was measured using an albumin-cobalt binding assay. Record and analyze the patient's general data, blood routine, total bilirubin(TBIL), blood lipids, uric acid (UA),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) and other indicators, while recording the patient's occlusion of blood vessels.ResultsThe proportion of platelet count and diabetes in the poor CCC group was higher than that in the good group (P<0.05).The ratio of ischemic modified albumin and total bilirubin in the poor CCC group was lower than that in the good group (P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ischemic modified albumin was positively correlated with CCC formation(OR=1.190,95%CI (1.092-1.297),P<0.001), diabetes was negatively correlated with CCC formation (OR=0.285,95%CI(0.094-0.864),P<0.05). Ischemic modified albumin predicts good formation of CCC under the ROC curve and the area under the ROC curve is 0.769 (95% CI 0.686-0.851, P<0.001); the optimal cut-off value was 63.35KU/L, the sensitivity is 71.2%,specificity is 71%.ConclusionThe IMA level is closely related to the good formation of CCC.The higher IMA level can be used as an effective predictor of the good CCC formation in CTO.
Application of MALDI-TOF MS to rapid identification of anaerobic bacteria: a meta-analysis
Authors: Li Ying , Shan Mingzhu , Zhu Zuobin , Mao Xuhua , Yan Mingju , Chen Ying , Li Hongchun , Gu Bing 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has been rapidly developed and widely used as an analytical technique in clinical laboratories with high accuracy in microorganism identification.
OBJECTIVE: To validate the efficacy of MALDI-TOF MS in identification of clinical pathogenic anaerobes.
METHODS: Twenty-eight studies covering 6685 strains of anaerobic bacteria were included in this meta-analysis. Fixed-effects models based on the P-value and the I-squared were used for meta-analysis to consider the possibility of heterogeneity between studies. Statistical analyses were performed by using STATA 12.0.
RESULTS: The identification accuracy of MALDI-TOF MS was 84% for species (I2 = 98.0%, P < 0.1), and 92% for genus (I2 = 96.6%, P < 0.1). Thereinto, the identification accuracy of Bacteroides was the highest at 96% with a 95% CI of 95-97%, followed by Lactobacillus spp., Parabacteroides spp., Clostridium spp., Propionibacterium spp., Prevotella spp., Veillonella spp. and Peptostreptococcus spp., and their correct identification rates were all above 90%, while the accuracy of rare anaerobic bacteria was relatively low. Meanwhile, the overall capabilities of two MALDI-TOF MS systems were different. The identification accuracy rate was 90% for VITEK MS vs. 86% for MALDI biotyper system.
CONCLUSION: Our research showed that MALDI-TOF-MS was satisfactory in genus identification of clinical pathogenic anaerobic bacteria. However, this method still suffered from different drawbacks in precise identification of rare anaerobe and species levels of common anaerobic bacteria.
Transcriptomics analysis revealing candidate genes and networks for sex differentiation of Yesso scallop(Patinopecten yessoensis)
Authors: Zhou Liqing , Liu Zhihong , Dong Yinghui , Sun Xiujun , Wu Biao , Yu Tao , Zheng Yanxin , Yang Aiguo , Zhao Qing , Zhao Dan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background:The Yesso scallop, Patinopecten (Mizuhopecten) yessoensis, is a commercially important bivalve in the coastal countries of Northeast Asia. It has complex modes of sex differentiation, but knowledge of the mechanisms underlying this sex determination and differentiation is limited. Results:In this study, the gonad tissues from females and males at three developmental stages were used to investigate candidate genes and networks for sex differentiation via RNA-Req. A total of 901,980,606 high quality clean reads were obtained from 18 libraries, of which 417 expressed male-specific genes and 754 expressed female-specific genes. Totally, 10,074 genes differentially expressed in females and males were identified. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed that turquoise and green gene modules were significantly positively correlated with male gonads, while coral1 and black modules were significantly associated with female gonads. The most important gene for sex determination and differentiation was Pydmrt1, which was the only gene discovered that determined the male sex phenotype during early gonadal differentiation. Enrichment analyses of GO terms and KEGG pathways revealed that genes involved in metabolism, genetic and environmental information processes or pathways are sex-biased. Forty-nine genes in the five modules involved in sex differentiation or determination were identified and selected to construct a gene co-expression network and a hypothesized sex differentiation pathway. Conclusions: The current study focused on screening genes of sex differentiation in Yesso scallop, highlighting the potential regulatory mechanisms of gonadal development in P. yessoensis. Our data suggested that WCGNA can facilitate identification of key genes for sex differentiation and determination. Using this method, a hypothesized P. yessoensis sex determination and differentiation pathway was constructed. In this pathway, Pydmrt1 may have a leading function.
Adding Phosphate Fertilizer and Apple Waste to Pig Manure during Composting Mitigates Nitrogen Gas Emissions and Improves Compost Quality
Authors: Jiang Jishao , Kang Kang , Zhang Chunyan , Yan Guangxuan , Lv Jinghua , Li Yunbei 
Published: August 2019

Calcium superphosphate and apple (Malus pumila Mill.) waste can be used for controlling N loss and improving compost quality during composting, whereas integrated addition of the two additives on composting process remains unexplored. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of combined use of calcium superphosphate and apple waste on NH3 and N2O emissions and compost quality during pig manure and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) straw composting. Mixtures of pig manure and wheat straw were combined with 6% phosphate fertilizer (PF), 15% apple waste (AW), 3% phosphate fertilizer + 7.5% apple waste (PA1), or 1.8% phosphate fertilizer + 10.5% apple waste (PA2) based on dry weight of the initial mixtures; a treatment with no additives served as a control (CK). The PF treatment took 3 d longer to reach thermophilic phase than the CK, PA1, and PA2 treatments. The treatments of PF and PA1 reduced NH3 and N2O emissions by 67 and 45%, respectively. Moreover, N loss in PF and PA1 treatments (31.8 and 30.1%, respectively) was significantly less than in the CK. A pot experiment showed that application of the compost with PA1 treatment could increase plant height and dried biomass of Chinese pakchoi (Brassica campestris L. ssp.). We recommend adding 3% phosphate fertilizer and 7.5% apple waste to pig manure during composting.Core Ideas
Effect of phosphate fertilizer (PF) and apple waste (AW) on N conversion was studied.
Combination of 3% PF and 7.5% AW is more beneficial for composting.
Using 3% PF and 7.5% AW reduced NH3 and N2O by 67% and 40% during composting.
The compost of 3% PF and 7.5% AW improved plant height and dried biomass.
Using R‐Based Image Analysis to Quantify Rusts on Perennial Ryegrass
Authors: Heineck Garett C. , McNish Ian G. , Jungers Jacob M. , Gilbert Erin , Watkins Eric 
Published: August 2019

Core Ideas
An automated open‐source analysis system was developed to rate crown and stem rust.
The system was validated against manual measurements and visual rater ability.
Consistency in rater (n = 9) ability was excellent for crown rust and fair to good for stem rust.
Agreement in rater scores for individual images was low and showed high levels of variation.
The automated system can replace visual rating of crown rust in the field but not stem rust.
Crown and stem rust are major diseases of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). Plant breeders and pathologists often rate rust severity in the field using the modified Cobb scale, but this method is subjective and labor intensive. A novel, open‐source system using ImageJ and R was developed to quantify pustule number and area using digital images collected from spaced plants in the field. The computer‐processing pipeline included development of training data for prediction of pixel identity using random forest and noise reduction spatial processing. Raters and the computer scored rust severity on plant images of varying complexity including whole‐plant (WP), five‐leaf (FL), and single‐leaf (SL) image series. Computer accuracy was determined using the SL, while the FL series gave insight into the true value of WP severity. Rater ability was assessed using a panel of nine scientists with varying levels of disease rating experience. Results showed rater perceptions of crown rust severity were very consistent across images, but agreement on severity values for a given image were low. Rater consistency for stem rust severity was low and FL scores were not strongly correlated with WP scores (r = 0.36, P = 0.03), indicating low rater accuracy. The computer‐processing pipeline was able to accurately discriminate, count, and quantify crown and stem rust pustules on leaf samples. Correlations between computer and the median rater score for crown rust were excellent (r > 0.90, P < 0.001) for all image series. Similar to raters, there was a lack of correlation between WP and FL series (r = 0.20, not significant) indicating that this technique is limited to leaf or stem samples for stem rust and not applicable to WP. However, the computer‐processing pipeline shows promise in replacing visual rating of WP for crown rust.
POTENSI DAN SELF SATISFACTION PEREMPUAN DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI ISLAM KREATIF (Studi Kasus Pesisir Nelayan Desa Kragan Rembang Tahun 2018)
Authors: Muyassarah Muyassarah 
Published: August 2019

<p><em>The purpose of this research is to know the potential and self satisfaction womans in empowerment of creative economy with science and tecnologi and self satisfaction of Islamic economic perspective in fisherman of Kragan village. Rembang. Interview approach, documentation, observation and literature searching are use in order to collect data. Analyzing the researchers to be scientific then by reflective thinking by pacing between the method of deduction and induction. The results of this study is to know the various potensis business that is very varied or creative by the womans of fishermen village Kragan Kab. Rembang. In addition to knowing self-satisfaction means the womans of fishermen in carrying out their creative economic activities in addition to beneficial for himself also useful for his family. Potential women fishermen need local government support to develop the creative potential of women fishermen, for example by using village funds budgeted by the central government. This potential can produce various kinds of creative processed fish such as crispy with various flavors, fish chips with various types of fish and crackers. Satisfaction experienced by the womans of fishermen is the sustenance and enjoyment given by Allah SWT who need to be grateful.</em></p><p>==============================================</p><p><span>Tujuan penulisan ini untuk mengetahui potensi perempuan dalam mengembangkan<span> </span>pemberdayaan ekonomi kreatif<span> </span>dan upaya pendekatannya sudah<span> </span>bersifat modern ataukah masih manual atau tradisional. Pemberdayaan ekonomi dan self satisfaction yang dilihat dari kaca mata Islam di pesisir<span> </span>nelayan desa Kragan kab. Rembang menghasilkan kemanfaatan atau kemaslahatan baik diri sendiri maupun maslahatan untuk masyarakat yang lebih luas. Metode penulisan ini menggunakan<span> </span>cara wawancara, dokumentasi, observasi dan penelusuruan literatur kepustakaan digunakan dalam rangka untuk mengumpulkan data. Penganalisaan yang dilakukan peneliti agar ilmiah maka dengan kritis dan kreatif dilakukan mondar-mandir antara metode yang melalui kesimpulan yang logis dan dengan metode pengumpulan data kemudian dievaluasi untuk menyimpulkan. Penelitian ini mengetahui berbagai potensi bisnis bervariasi atau kreatif perempuan nelayan desa Kragan kab. Rembang. Self satisfaction nelayan dalam aktifitas ekonomi bermanfaat bagi dirinya juga bermanfaat bagi keluarganya. Potensi perempuan nelayan perlu dukungan pemerintah setempat guna mengembangkan<span> </span>potensi kreatifitasnya perempuan nelayan, misalnya dengan pemanfaatan dana desa yang dianggarkan pemerintah pusat.<span> </span>Kepuasan yang dialami perempuan-perempuan nelayan merupakan rezeki dan<span> </span>kenikmatan yang diberikan Allah swt perlu disukuri<span> </span>sebagai kwajiban perempuan untuk membantu suaminya<span> </span>merupakan kwajiban istri<span> </span>bukan merupakan beban.</span></p>
Targeting Small Molecule Tyrosine Kinases by Polyphenols: New Move Towards Anti-tumor Drug Discovery
Authors: Sakle Nikhil S. , More Shweta A. , Dhawale Sachin A. , Mokale Santosh N. 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Cancer is a complex disease involving genetic and epigenetic alteration
that allows cells to escape normal homeostasis. Kinases play a crucial role in signaling pathways
that regulate cell functions. Deregulation of kinases leads to a variety of pathological changes, activating
cancer cell proliferation and metastases. The molecular mechanism of cancer is complex
and the dysregulation of tyrosine kinases like Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK), Bcr-Abl (Fusion
gene found in patient with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML), JAK (Janus Activated
Kinase), Src Family Kinases (SFKs), ALK (Anaplastic lymphoma Kinase), c-MET (Mesenchymal-
Epithelial Transition), EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor receptor), PDGFR (Platelet-Derived
Growth Factor Receptor), RET (Rearranged during Transfection) and VEGFR (Vascular Endothelial
Growth Factor Receptor) plays major role in the process of carcinogenesis. Recently, kinase
inhibitors have overcome many problems of traditional cancer chemotherapy as they effectively
separate out normal, non-cancer cells as well as rapidly multiplying cancer cells.

Methods:
Electronic databases were searched to explore the small molecule tyrosine kinases by
polyphenols with the help of docking study (Glide-7.6 program interfaced with Maestro-v11.3 of
Schrödinger 2017) to show the binding energies of polyphenols inhibitor with different tyrosine
kinases in order to differentiate between the targets.

Results:
From the literature survey, it was observed that the number of polyphenols derived from
natural sources alters the expression and signaling cascade of tyrosine kinase in various tumor
models. Therefore, the development of polyphenols as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor against targeted
proteins is regarded as an upcoming trend for chemoprevention.

Conclusion:
In this review, we have discussed the role of polyphenols as chemoreceptive which
will help in future for the development and discovery of novel semisynthetic anticancer agents
coupled with polyphenols.
Exploring the Potential Effect of Methanolic Extract of Salvia officinalis Against UV Exposed Skin Aging: In vivo and In vitro Model
Authors: Khare Ruchi , Upmanyu Neeraj , Jha Megha 
Published: August 2019

Context:
The medicinal plants have enormous pharmacological properties with
fewer side effects. Today, there is an increasing demand of medicinal plants as an anti-aging and
anti-wrinkle agent.

Objective:
The aim of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-aging and anti-wrinkle potential
of Salvia officinalis.

Materials and Methods:
Salvia officinalis (Lamiaceae) is folk medicine of Asia and Latin America.
Powdered crude drug 100 g was successively extracted in a soxhlet apparatus with petroleum
ether (60-80ºC), chloroform and methanol. After successive solvents, extraction methanolic extract
was used for testing of antioxidant potential using DPPH assay. Further, the antiaging potential of
the extract was investigated by the inhibitory effect of various enzymatic estimations i.e. Col-I, Ela-
I and Hya-I inhibitory assays on early aging human skin fibroblasts. The antiwrinkle potential of
plant Salvia officinalis was done by using a UV light-induced photoaging model.

Results:
Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of glycosides, alkaloids flavonoids, and
triterpenoids, saponins and Phenolic Compounds at high level. The extract showed inhibitory concentration
(IC50: 24.65) and ascorbic acid. The standard antioxidant showed inhibitory concentration
(IC50: 20.10). In enzymatic estimations assay, the Col-I, Ela-I and Hya-I of extract were assessed
showing inhibitory concentration as Col-I (IC50:21.36), Ela-I (IC50:35.05) and Hya-I
(IC50:23.44), respectively. Thus, MeOH extract of Salvia officinalis can inhibit 50% of the activity
of aging-related enzymes Col-I, Ela-I and Hya-I. The wrinkle score of negative control i.e. UV treated
group was 2.83 ± 0.408, and MeOH extract of Salvia officinalis treated group is 1.83 ± 0.753.

Conclusion:
This study concluded that MeOH extract of Salvia officinalis has confirmed the high
antioxidant potential and in vitro and in vivo inhibitory potential of antiaging enzymes assessed,
thus they could be used for further development of cosmetic products and nutraceuticals.
Verification of connectivity of electrical connections in topology of radio electronic equipment products
Authors: Brusnikin G. N. 
Published: August 2019

The solution of the problem of verifying the connectivity of electrical connections in the VLSI topology is considered. Effective use of computing resources is based on the use of quasi‑linear computational (temporal and capacitive) complexity of algorithms: sweeping the plane of a straight line for constructing a graph of electrical connections; allocation of subsets of connected vertices in the components of the connection of an undirected graph of large dimension for the determination of electrically connected contacts; establish isomorphism of component‑full colored graphs for comparing the restored list with the original list of electrical connections The proposed solution has a time complexity O(N + N log2 N ) and the capacitive complexity O(s + N ), where N is the number of elements in the topology and s is the number of contacts in the source circuit.