bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stroke and breast cancer in the United States during 2007–2017
Authors: Rethemiotaki Irene , Rethemiotakis Andrew 
Published: August 2019

IntroductionThe main purpose of this work is to study the malignant neoplasms of the breast and the incidence of strokes in the United States and to find not only statistically significant predictors for cancer, but also a possible association between breast cancer and stroke.Material and methodsThe statistical methods used to derive the results of this work are 2 and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests, in order to check the statistical significance of breast cancer in relation to socio-economic factors of patients. In addition, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was used with the odds ratio (OR) to find statistically significant prognostic factors for breast cancer. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to find the relationship between breast cancer and stroke.ResultsAccording to multiple logistic regression analysis, widowed women have 11 times higher risk developing breast cancer, while white women who are unemployed but have worked previously have two times higher risk for the occurrence of this type of cancer. In addition, a statistically significant relationship was found between the number of cases of breast cancer and stroke.ConclusionsOur results describe for the first time the importance of deprivation (of work and partner) as a primary prognostic risk factor for cancer. Moreover, we found a link between breast cancer diagnosis and stroke.
Variation in a tense/lax vowel pair in Dutch youngsters with different ethnic backgrounds
Authors: van Meel Linda , Hinskens Frans , van Hout Roeland 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
How do young bilingual speakers of current Turkish and Moroccan ethnolects of Dutch deal with phoneme contrasts that do not exist in their heritage languages and that are at the same time subject to regional and social variation in the Dutch speech community at large, such as that between Dutch phonemes /a:/ and /α/? Data from speakers from the Amsterdam and Nijmegen urban areas were analyzed and compared. Two variable properties of /a:/ and /α/ defining the phoneme pair were examined: (1) duration, and (2) place of articulation.
We found clear differences between the two urban areas (regional effect) and between the Amsterdam ethnic groups (social effect). In addition, we found variation dependent on the interlocutor (socio-stylistic effect) and the linguistic context. The main dimension of social and linguistic variation was place of articulation, length remaining the primary distinctive feature of the vowel pair. No heritage language effect was found. Young ethnolect speakers take part in existing patterns of regional and social variation.
Monthly gridded data product of northern wetland methane emissions based on upscaling eddy covariance observations
Authors: Peltola Olli , Vesala Timo , Gao Yao , Räty Olle , Alekseychik Pavel , Aurela Mika , Chojnicki Bogdan , Desai Ankur R. , Dolman Albertus J. , Euskirchen Eugenie S. , Friborg Thomas , Göckede Mathias , Helbig Manuel , Humphreys Elyn , Jackson Robert B. , Jocher Georg , Joos Fortunat , Klatt Janina , Knox Sara H. , Kowalska Natalia , Kutzbach Lars , Lienert Sebastian , Lohila Annalea , Mammarella Ivan , Nadeau Daniel F. , Nilsson Mats B. , Oechel Walter C. , Peichl Matthias , Pypker Thomas , Quinton William , Rinne Janne , Sachs Torsten , Samson Mateusz , Schmid Hans Peter , Sonnentag Oliver , Wille Christian , Zona Donatella , Aalto Tuula 
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Natural wetlands constitute the largest and most uncertain source
of methane (CH4) to the atmosphere and a large fraction of them are found in the northern latitudes. These emissions are typically estimated using process (“bottom-up”) or inversion (“top-down”) models. However, estimates from these two types of models are not independent of each other since the top-down estimates usually rely on the a priori estimation of these emissions obtained with process models. Hence, independent spatially explicit validation data are needed. Here we utilize a random forest (RF) machine-learning technique to upscale CH4 eddy covariance flux measurements from 25 sites to estimate CH4 wetland emissions from the northern latitudes (north of 45∘ N). Eddy covariance data
from 2005 to 2016 are used for model development. The model is then used to predict emissions during 2013 and 2014. The predictive performance of the RF model is evaluated using a leave-one-site-out cross-validation scheme. The performance (Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency =0.47) is comparable to previous studies upscaling net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide and studies comparing process model output against site-level CH4 emission data. The global distribution of wetlands is one major source of uncertainty for upscaling CH4. Thus, three wetland distribution maps are utilized in the upscaling. Depending on the wetland distribution map, the annual emissions for the northern wetlands yield 32 (22.3–41.2, 95 % confidence interval calculated from a RF model ensemble), 31 (21.4–39.9) or 38 (25.9–49.5) Tg(CH4) yr−1. To further evaluate the uncertainties of the upscaled CH4 flux data products we also compared them against output from two process models (LPX-Bern and WetCHARTs), and methodological issues related to CH4 flux upscaling are discussed. The monthly upscaled CH4 flux data products are available at
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2560163 (Peltola et al., 2019).
A low-cost device for measuring local magnetic anomalies in volcanic terrain
Authors: de Groot Bertwin M. , de Groot Lennart V. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Reconstructions of the past behavior of the geomagnetic field critically depend on the magnetic signal stored in extrusive igneous rocks. These rocks record the Earth's magnetic field when they cool and retain this magnetization on geological timescales. In rugged volcanic terrain, however, the magnetic signal arising from the underlying flows may influence the ambient magnetic field as recorded by newly formed flows on top. To measure these local anomalies in the Earth's magnetic field directly we developed a low-cost field magnetometer based on a fluxgate sensor. To improve the accuracy of the obtained paleomagnetic vector and user-friendliness of the device, we combined this fluxgate sensor with tilt and GPS sensors to rotate the measured magnetic vector to true north, east, and down. The data acquisition is done using a ruggedized laptop, and data are immediately available for first-order interpretation. The first measurements done on Mt. Etna show local variations in the ambient magnetic field that are larger than expected and illustrate both the accuracy (certainly <0.5∘ in paleomagnetic direction) and potential of our new device.
“The heat of Milton's mind”: Allusion as a Mode of Thinking in Paradise Lost
Authors: Minas Steven Aaron 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
One of the most contested and arguably misunderstood aspects of Milton's poetry is his use of allusion. The long critical tradition on Paradise Lost, in particular, has spent much of its labor not only identifying the poem's allusions and their significance, but also teasing out the terminological differences between allusion, echo, imitation, topoi, reference, and pun. But rich, insightful, and complex disagreements among readers of Milton's epic poem nevertheless remain. This article suggests that part of the difficulty of Milton's allusions lies in the fact that he did not use allusion in the way most poets do. Rather than deploying allusion as a “learned gesture” intended for readers to recognize, Milton used it as a thinking mechanism, a mode of apprehending and creating poetry.
Corroborate Benjamin Graham’s Approach of Valuing Equity with Special Reference to Indian Capital Market
Authors: Bhatt Suyash 
Published: August 2019

In this research we reconnoiter the effectiveness of Benjamin Graham’s formula for the Indian market and calculated the returns on BSE100 stocks for a tenure of a decade. Benjamin Graham devised a technique to calculate intrinsic value of stocks. His approach emphasized on buying the stocks with market value less than intrinsic value and selling the stocks with market value less than the intrinsic value. This strategy helped him to invest in stocks with less risk. The technique was originally developed by Graham in 1962 and reviewed by him in 1974. He offered a simple and effective formula to calculate the stock’s intrinsic value. Graham’s formula is used to measure an individual company’s intrinsic value. In this paper we wanted to study the effectiveness of Benjamin Graham’s formula on BSE100 stocks, to find out if the value investing method works. This method also helps investor to swiftly and precisely categorize underrated companies and expensive companies. We have conducted research based on past 10 years’ data to validate our findings.
Aanvaarding, verwerping en beschermingsbewind: geen automatisme na drie maanden
Authors: Kolkman W.D. 
Published: August 2019

Aanvaarding, verwerping en beschermingsbewind: geen automatisme na drie maanden
Dit artikel beschrijft wat rechtens is wanneer aan iemand wiens vermogen onder bewind staat een erfdeel toekomt. De drie mogelijkheden (zuivere aanvaarding, beneficiaire aanvaarding en verwerping) komen aan bod.
Estimating the phylogeny of geoemydid turtles (Cryptodira) from landmark data: an assessment of different methods
Authors: Ascarrunz Eduardo , Claude Julien , Joyce Walter G. 
Published: August 2019

Background
In the last 20 years, a general picture of the evolutionary relationships between geoemydid turtles (ca. 70 species distributed over the Northern hemisphere) has emerged from the analysis of molecular data. However, there is a paucity of good traditional morphological characters that correlate with the phylogeny, which are essential for the robust integration of fossil and molecular data. Part of this problem might be due to intrinsic limitations of traditional discrete characters. Here, we explore the use of continuous data in the form of 3D coordinates of homologous landmarks on the turtle shell for phylogenetic inference and the phylogenetic placement of single species on a scaffold molecular tree. We focus on the performance yielded by sampling the carapace and/or plastral lobes and using various phylogenetic methods.

Methods
We digitised the landmark coordinates of the carapace and plastron of 42 and 46 extant geoemydid species, respectively. The configurations were superimposed and we estimated the phylogenetic tree of geoemydids with landmark analysis under parsimony, traditional Farris parsimony, unweighted squared-change parsimony, maximum likelihood with a Brownian motion model, and neighbour-joining on a matrix of pairwise Procrustes distances. We assessed the performance of those analyses by comparing the trees against a reference phylogeny obtained from seven molecular markers. For comparisons between trees we used difference measures based on quartets and splits. We used the same reference tree to evaluate phylogenetic placement performance by a leave-one-out validation procedure.

Results
Whatever method we used, similarity to the reference phylogeny was low. The carapace alone gave slightly better results than the plastron or the complete shell. Assessment of the potential for placement of single species on the reference tree with landmark data gave much better results, with similar accuracy and higher precision compared to the performance of discrete characters with parsimony.
RETRACTED: Long noncoding RNA ZNF667‐AS1 reduces tumor invasion and metastasis in cervical cancer by counteracting microRNA‐93‐3p‐dependent PEG3 downregulation
Authors: Li Yong‐Jie , Yang Zhe , Wang Yi‐Ying , Wang Yue 
Published: August 2019

Zinc finger protein 667‐antisense RNA 1 (ZNF667‐AS1), located on human chromosome 19q13.43, is a member of the C2H2 zinc finger protein family. Herein, we aimed to analyze the interactions between ZNF667‐AS1, microRNA‐93‐3p (miR‐93‐3p), and paternally expressed gene 3 (PEG3) and to explore their roles in the tumorigenesis of cervical cancer (CC). Differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs and miRNAs related to CC were determined using gene expression datasets sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Subsequently, the regulatory relationships between ZNF667‐AS1 and miR‐93‐3p and between miR‐93‐3p and PEG3 were identified using the dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay. In addition, the expression of miR‐93‐3p and ZNF667‐AS1 was up‐ or downregulated in CC cells (HeLa), in order to assess their effects on cell cycle distribution and cell invasion in vitro, and tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. MiR‐93‐3p was found to be highly expressed, while ZNF667‐AS1 and PEG3 were poorly expressed in CC. ZNF667‐AS1 could competitively bind to miR‐93‐3p, which targeted PEG3. In addition, miR‐93‐3p downregulation and ZNF667‐AS1 overexpression led to increased expression of PEG3, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases, and p16 and decreased expression of cyclin D1, matrix metalloproteinase‐2 and ‐9. MiR‐93‐3p inhibition and ZNF667‐AS1 elevation also inhibited cell cycle entry and cell invasion in vitro, but repressed tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. These key findings demonstrated that upregulation of ZNF667‐AS1 could suppress the progression of CC via the modulation of miR‐93‐3p‐dependent PEG3, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of CC.
Characterization of an intertidal zone metagenome oligoribonuclease and the role of the intermolecular disulfide bond for homodimer formation and nuclease activity
Authors: Piotrowski Yvonne , Berg Kristel , Klebl David Paul , Leiros Ingar , Larsen Atle Noralf 
Published: August 2019

The gene encoding MG Orn has been identified from a metagenomic library created from the intertidal zone in Svalbard and encodes a protein of 184 amino acid residues. The mg orn gene has been cloned, recombinantly expressed in Escherichia coli, and purified to homogeneity. Biochemical characterization of the enzyme showed that it efficiently degrades short RNA oligonucleotide substrates of 2mer to 10mer of length and has an absolute requirement for divalent cations for optimal activity. The enzyme is more heat‐labile than its counterpart from E. coli and exists as a homodimer in solution. The crystal structure of the enzyme has been determined to a resolution of 3.15 Å, indicating an important role of a disulfide bridge for the homodimer formation and as such for the function of MG Orn. Substitution of the Cys110 residue with either Gly or Ala hampered the dimer formation and severely affected the enzyme's ability to act on RNA. A conserved loop containing His128‐Tyr129‐Arg130 in the neighboring monomer is probably involved in efficient binding and processing of longer RNA substrates than diribonucleotides.
Integrated systems‐genetic analyses reveal a network target for delaying glioma progression
Authors: Laaniste Liisi , Srivastava Prashant K. , Stylianou Julianna , Syed Nelofer , Cases‐Cunillera Silvia , Shkura Kirill , Zeng Qingyu , Rackham Owen J. L. , Langley Sarah R. , Delahaye-Duriez Andree , O'Neill Kevin , Williams Matthew , Becker Albert , Roncaroli Federico , Petretto Enrico , Johnson Michael R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo identify a convergent, multitarget proliferation characteristic for astrocytoma transformation that could be targeted for therapy discovery.MethodsUsing an integrated functional genomics approach, we prioritized networks associated with astrocytoma progression using the following criteria: differential co‐expression between grade II and grade IIIIDH1‐mutated and 1p/19q euploid astrocytomas, preferential enrichment for genetic risk to cancer, association with patient survival and sample‐level genomic features. Drugs targeting the identified multitarget network characteristic for astrocytoma transformation were computationally predicted using drug transcriptional perturbation data and validated using primary human astrocytoma cells.ResultsA single network, M2, consisting of 177 genes, was associated with glioma progression on the basis of the above criteria. Functionally, M2 encoded physically interacting proteins regulating cell cycle processes and analysis of genome‐wide gene‐regulatory interactions using mutual information and DNA–protein interactions revealed the known regulators of cell cycle processes FoxM1, B‐Myb, and E2F2 as key regulators of M2. These results suggest functional disruption of M2 via gene mutation or altered expression as a convergent pathway regulating astrocytoma transformation. By considering M2 as a multitarget drug target regulating astrocytoma transformation, we identified several drugs that are predicted to restore M2 expression in anaplastic astrocytoma toward its low‐grade profile and of these, we validated the known antiproliferative drug resveratrol as down‐regulating multiple nodes of M2 including at nanomolar concentrations achievable in human cerebrospinal fluid by oral dosing.InterpretationOur results identify M2 as a multitarget network characteristic for astrocytoma progression and encourage M2‐based drug screening to identify new compounds for preventing glioma transformation.
Performance of Administrative Algorithms to Identify Interstitial Lung Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: England Bryant R. , Roul Punyasha , Mahajan Tina D. , Singh Namrata , Yu Fang , Sayles Harlan , Cannon Grant W. , Sauer Brian C. , Baker Joshua F. , Curtis Jeffrey R. , Mikuls Ted R. 
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveTo determine the performance of administrative‐based algorithms for classifying interstitial lung disease (ILD) complicating rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsParticipants in a large, multicenter RA registry were screened for ILD using codes from the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD‐9) and the ICD‐10. Medical record review confirmed ILD among participants screening positive and a random sample of those screening negative. ICD and procedure codes, provider specialty, and dates were extracted from Veterans Affairs administrative data to construct ILD algorithms. Performance of these algorithms against medical record review was assessed by sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value, and kappa using inverse probability weighting to account for sampling methods.ResultsMedical records of 536 RA patients were reviewed, confirming 182 (stringent definition) and 203 (relaxed definition) cases of ILD. Initially, we identified ≥2 ICD codes from inpatient or outpatient encounters as optimal discriminating factors (specificity 96.0%, PPV 65.5%; κ = 0.70). Subsequently, we constructed a set of ICD‐9 and ICD‐10 codes that improved algorithm specificity (specificity 96.8%, PPV 69.5%; κ = 0.72). Algorithms that included a pulmonologist diagnosis or chest computed tomography plus pulmonary function testing or lung biopsy had improved performance (specificity 98.0%, PPV 77.4%; κ = 0.75). PPV increased with exclusion of other ILD causes (78.5%) in comparison with the relaxed ILD definition (82.4%) and in sensitivity analyses (83.4–86.3%). Gains in specificity and PPV with greater algorithm requirements were accompanied by declines in sensitivity.ConclusionAdministrative algorithms with optimal combinations of ICD codes, provider specialty, diagnostic testing, and exclusion of other ILD causes accurately classify ILD in RA.
Safety and Effectiveness of Adalimumab in Patients With Polyarticular Course of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: STRIVE Registry Seven‐Year Interim Results
Authors: Brunner Hermine I. , Nanda Kabita , Toth Mary , Foeldvari Ivan , Bohnsack John , Milojevic Diana , Rabinovich C. Egla , Kingsbury Daniel J. , Marzan Katherine , Chalom Elizabeth , Horneff Gerd , Kuester Rolf‐Michael , Dare Jason A. , Trachana Maria , Jung Lawrence K. , Olson Judyann , Minden Kirsten , Quartier Pierre , Bereswill Mareike , Kalabic Jasmina , Kupper Hartmut , Lovell Daniel J. , Martini Alberto , Ruperto Nicolino ,   for the Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation, and the Pediatric Rheumatology Collaborative Study Group
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate safety and effectiveness of adalimumab (ADA) in polyarticular‐course juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in the STRIVE registry.MethodsSTRIVE enrolled patients with polyarticular‐course JIA into 2 arms based on treatment with methotrexate (MTX) alone or ADA with/without MTX (ADA ± MTX). Adverse events (AEs) per 100 patient‐years of observation time were analyzed by registry arm. Patients who entered the registry within 4 weeks of starting MTX or ADA ± MTX, defined as new users, were evaluated for change in disease activity assessed by the 27‐joint Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score with the C‐reactive protein level (JADAS‐27CRP).ResultsAt the 7‐year cutoff date (June 1, 2016), data from 838 patients were available (MTX arm n = 301, ADA ± MTX arm n = 537). The most common AEs were nausea (10.3%), sinusitis (4.7%), and vomiting (4.3%) in the MTX arm and arthritis (3.9%), upper respiratory tract infection (3.5%), sinusitis, tonsillitis, and injection site pain (3.0% each) in the ADA ± MTX arm. Rates of serious infection were 1.5 events/100 patient‐years in the MTX arm and 2.0 events/100 patient‐years in the ADA ± MTX arm. AE and serious AE rates were similar in patients receiving ADA with versus without MTX. No deaths or malignancies were reported. New users in the ADA ± MTX arm showed a trend toward lower mean JADAS‐27CRP compared with new users in the MTX arm in the first year of STRIVE.ConclusionThe STRIVE registry 7‐year interim results support the idea that ADA ± MTX is well tolerated by most children. Registry median ADA exposure was 2.47 (interquartile range 1.0–3.6) years, with 42% of patients continuing ADA at the 7‐year cutoff date.
Associations Between Ultrasound‐Detected Synovitis, Pain, and Function in Interphalangeal and Thumb Base Osteoarthritis: Data From the Nor‐Hand Cohort
Authors: Fjellstad Caroline M. , Mathiessen Alexander , Slatkowsky-Christensen Barbara , Kvien Tore K. , Hammer Hilde B. , Haugen Ida K. 
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveTo explore whether ultrasound‐detected gray‐scale synovitis and power Doppler activity in the interphalangeal and first carpometacarpal (CMC1) joints are associated with pain and physical function in patients with hand osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsA total of 290 patients with hand OA underwent an ultrasound examination of the bilateral interphalangeal and CMC1 joints. Using logistic regression analyses with generalized estimating equations, we examined whether grade 0–3 gray‐scale synovitis and power Doppler activity were associated with pain in the same joint. Using linear regression analyses, we examined whether the degree of inflammation was associated with numeric rating scale and Australian/Canadian (AUSCAN) Osteoarthritis Hand Index hand pain, AUSCAN physical function, and grip strength scores. Analyses were made separately for interphalangeal and CMC1 joints, and adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, psychosocial factors, use of analgesics, and presence of osteophytes.ResultsAt joint level, increasing gray‐scale synovitis severity was associated with higher odds of pain upon palpation in both the interphalangeal (grade 2–3; odds ratio [OR] 3.17 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 2.35, 4.28]) and CMC1 joints (grade 2–3; OR 4.40 [95% CI 2.10, 9.24]). Similar associations were found for power Doppler activity and joint pain in the previous 24 hours and 6 weeks. Power Doppler activity in CMC1 was also related to overall hand pain/physical function and lower grip strength.ConclusionInflammation in both the interphalangeal and CMC1 joints was associated with pain in the same joint. However, associations with hand pain, reduced physical function, and lower grip strength were only present for inflammation in the CMC1 joints, suggesting that lowering CMC1 inflammation is an important treatment target.