bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STABLE SETS OF CERTAIN NON-UNIFORMLY HYPERBOLIC HORSESHOES HAVE THE EXPECTED DIMENSION
Authors: Matheus Carlos , Palis Jacob , Yoccoz Jean-Christophe 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe show that the stable and unstable sets of non-uniformly hyperbolic horseshoes arising in some heteroclinic bifurcations of surface diffeomorphisms have the value conjectured in a previous work by the second and third authors of the present paper. Our results apply to first heteroclinic bifurcations associated with horseshoes with Hausdorff dimension ${<}22/21$ of conservative surface diffeomorphisms.
Phonon-assisted carrier transport through a lattice-mismatched interface
Authors: Yoon Hyong Seo , Oh Juyeong , Park Jae Young , Kang JeongSeob , Kwon Junyoung , Cusati Teresa , Fiori Gianluca , Iannaccone Giuseppe , Fortunelli Alessandro , Ozcelik V. Ongun , Lee Gwan-Hyoung , Low Tony , Jun Seong Chan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMoS2 typically exhibits unconventional layer-thickness-dependent electronic properties. It also exhibits layer-dependent band structures including indirect-to-direct band transitions, owing to which the electronic and carrier transport properties of a lattice-mismatched, conducting, two-dimensional junction are distinct with the naturally stepwise junction behaving as a 1D junction. We found distinguishable effects at the interface of vertically stacked MoS2. The results revealed that misorientationally stacked layers exhibited significantly low junction resistance and independent energy bandgaps without bending owing to their effectively decoupled behavior. Further, phonon-assisted carriers dominantly affected the lattice-mismatched interface owing to its low junction resistance, as determined via low-temperature measurement. Our results could facilitate the realization of high-performance MoS2 transistors with small contact resistances caused by lattice mismatching.
An above-room-temperature phosphonium-based molecular ferroelectric perovskite, [(CH3)4P]CdCl3, with Sb3+-doped luminescence
Authors: Zhou Lin , Shi Ping-Ping , Liu Xiao-Ming , Feng Jing-Chun , Ye Qiong , Yao Ye-Feng , Fu Da-Wei , Li Peng-Fei , You Yu-Meng , Zhang Yi , Xiong Ren-Gen 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMolecular ferroelectrics are attracting tremendous interest because of their low cost, mechanical flexibility, easy processing, low weight, and low acoustical impedance. Moreover, their combination of ferroelectric and optical properties has led to investigations of their many potential applications, such as low-energy electron excitation and field emission displays. However, luminescent molecular ferroelectrics have rarely been reported, except for several AMnX3-type or lanthanide ion-based luminescent ferroelectrics. Here, we report the first above-room-temperature phosphonium-based molecular ferroelectric perovskite, [(CH3)4P]CdCl3 (1), with a high Curie temperature (Tc = 348 K) and moderate remanent polarization (Pr = 0.43 μC/cm2). Using piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM), the typical stripe-like domains of ferroelectrics can be observed. Moreover, 1 exhibits orange luminescence under UV excitation after doping with Sb3+, which represents a first step toward realizing luminescence-enhanced molecular ferroelectrics with various wavelengths. These results will inspire the further exploration of phosphonium-based ferroelectrics and pave the way toward practical applications in ferroelectric luminescence and/or multifunctional devices.
An alternative CTCF isoform antagonizes canonical CTCF occupancy and changes chromatin architecture to promote apoptosis
Authors: Li Jiao , Huang Kaimeng , Hu Gongcheng , Babarinde Isaac A. , Li Yaoyi , Dong Xiaotao , Chen Yu-Sheng , Shang Liping , Guo Wenjing , Wang Junwei , Chen Zhaoming , Hutchins Andrew P. , Yang Yun-Gui , Yao Hongjie 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCTCF plays key roles in gene regulation, chromatin insulation, imprinting, X chromosome inactivation and organizing the higher-order chromatin architecture of mammalian genomes. Previous studies have mainly focused on the roles of the canonical CTCF isoform. Here, we explore the functions of an alternatively spliced human CTCF isoform in which exons 3 and 4 are skipped, producing a shorter isoform (CTCF-s). Functionally, we find that CTCF-s competes with the genome binding of canonical CTCF and binds a similar DNA sequence. CTCF-s binding disrupts CTCF/cohesin binding, alters CTCF-mediated chromatin looping and promotes the activation of IFI6 that leads to apoptosis. This effect is caused by an abnormal long-range interaction at the IFI6 enhancer and promoter. Taken together, this study reveals a non-canonical function for CTCF-s that antagonizes the genomic binding of canonical CTCF and cohesin, and that modulates chromatin looping and causes apoptosis by stimulating IFI6 expression.
Nitrogen-plasma treated hafnium oxyhydroxide as an efficient acid-stable electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution and oxidation reactions
Authors: Yang Xiaofang , Zhao Fang , Yeh Yao-Wen , Selinsky Rachel S. , Chen Zhu , Yao Nan , Tully Christopher G. , Ju Yiguang , Koel Bruce E. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDevelopment of earth-abundant electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution and oxidation reactions in strong acids represents a great challenge for developing high efficiency, durable, and cost effective electrolyzers and fuel cells. We report herein that hafnium oxyhydroxide with incorporated nitrogen by treatment using an atmospheric nitrogen plasma demonstrates high catalytic activity and stability for both hydrogen evolution and oxidation reactions in strong acidic media using earth-abundant materials. The observed properties are especially important for unitized regenerative fuel cells using polymer electrolyte membranes. Our results indicate that nitrogen-modified hafnium oxyhydroxide could be a true alternative for platinum as an active and stable electrocatalyst, and furthermore that nitrogen plasma treatment may be useful in activating other non-conductive materials to form new active electrocatalysts.
Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies provides insights into genetic control of tomato flavor
Authors: Zhao Jiantao , Sauvage Christopher , Zhao Jinghua , Bitton Frédérique , Bauchet Guillaume , Liu Dan , Huang Sanwen , Tieman Denise M. , Klee Harry J. , Causse Mathilde 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTomato flavor has changed over the course of long-term domestication and intensive breeding. To understand the genetic control of flavor, we report the meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using 775 tomato accessions and 2,316,117 SNPs from three GWAS panels. We discover 305 significant associations for the contents of sugars, acids, amino acids, and flavor-related volatiles. We demonstrate that fruit citrate and malate contents have been impacted by selection during domestication and improvement, while sugar content has undergone less stringent selection. We suggest that it may be possible to significantly increase volatiles that positively contribute to consumer preferences while reducing unpleasant volatiles, by selection of the relevant allele combinations. Our results provide genetic insights into the influence of human selection on tomato flavor and demonstrate the benefits obtained from meta-analysis.
On demand synthesis of hollow fullerene nanostructures
Authors: Han Fei , Wang Ruoxu , Feng Yuhua , Wang Shaoyan , Liu Lingmei , Li Xinghua , Han Yu , Chen Hongyu 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHollow nanostructures are widely used in chemistry, materials, bioscience, and medicine, but their fabrication remains a great challenge. In particular, there is no effective strategy for their assembly and interconnection. We bring pottery, the oldest and simplest method of fabricating hollow containers, into the nanoscale. By exploiting the liquid nature of the xylene template, fullerene hollow nanostructures of tailored shapes, such as bowls, bottles, and cucurbits, are readily synthesized. The liquid templates permit stepwise and versatile manipulation and hence, modular assembly of nodes and junctions leads to interconnected hollow systems. As a proof-of-concept, we create multi-compartment nano-containers, with different nanoparticles isolated in the separate pockets. This methodology expands the synthetic freedom for hollow nanostructures, building a bridge from isolated hollow units to interconnected hollow systems.
Deep brain stimulation of the internal capsule enhances human cognitive control and prefrontal cortex function
Authors: Widge A. S. , Zorowitz S. , Basu I. , Paulk A. C. , Cash S. S. , Eskandar E. N. , Deckersbach T. , Miller E. K. , Dougherty D. D. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDeep brain stimulation (DBS) is a circuit-oriented treatment for mental disorders. Unfortunately, even well-conducted psychiatric DBS clinical trials have yielded inconsistent symptom relief, in part because DBS’ mechanism(s) of action are unclear. One clue to those mechanisms may lie in the efficacy of ventral internal capsule/ventral striatum (VCVS) DBS in both major depression (MDD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). MDD and OCD both involve deficits in cognitive control. Cognitive control depends on prefrontal cortex (PFC) regions that project into the VCVS. Here, we show that VCVS DBS’ effect is explained in part by enhancement of PFC-driven cognitive control. DBS improves human subjects’ performance on a cognitive control task and increases theta (5–8Hz) oscillations in both medial and lateral PFC. The theta increase predicts subjects’ clinical outcomes. Our results suggest a possible mechanistic approach to DBS therapy, based on tuning stimulation to optimize these neurophysiologic phenomena.
Mid infrared gas spectroscopy using efficient fiber laser driven photonic chip-based supercontinuum
Authors: Grassani Davide , Tagkoudi Eirini , Guo Hairun , Herkommer Clemens , Yang Fan , Kippenberg Tobias J. , Brès Camille-Sophie 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDirectly accessing the middle infrared, the molecular functional group spectral region, via supercontinuum generation processes based on turn-key fiber lasers offers the undeniable advantage of simplicity and robustness. Recently, the assessment of the coherence of the mid-IR dispersive wave in silicon nitride (Si3N4) waveguides, pumped at telecom wavelength, established an important first step towards mid-IR frequency comb generation based on such compact systems. Yet, the spectral reach and efficiency still fall short for practical implementation. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that large cross-section Si3N4 waveguides pumped with 2 μm fs-fiber laser can reach the important spectroscopic spectral region in the 3–4 μm range, with up to 35% power conversion and milliwatt-level output powers. As a proof of principle, we use this source for detection of C2H2 by absorption spectroscopy. Such result makes these sources suitable candidate for compact, chip-integrated spectroscopic and sensing applications.
Polymeric foams for flexible and highly sensitive low-pressure capacitive sensors
Authors: Pruvost Mickaël , Smit Wilbert J. , Monteux Cécile , Poulin Philippe , Colin Annie 
Published: April 2019

AbstractFlexible low-pressure sensors ( <10 kPa) are required in areas as diverse as blood-pressure monitoring, human–computer interactions, robotics, and object detection. For applications, it is essential that these sensors combine flexibility, high sensitivity, robustness, and low production costs. Previous works involve surface micro-patterning, electronic amplification (OFET), and hydrogels. However, these solutions are limited as they involve complex processes, large bias voltages, large energy consumption, or are sensitive to evaporation. Here, we report a major advance to solve the challenge of scalable, efficient and robust e-skin. We present an unconventional capacitive sensor based on composite foam materials filled with conductive carbon black particles. Owing to the elastic buckling of the foam pores, the sensitivity exceeds 35 kPa−1 for pressure <0.2 kPa. These performances are one order of magnitude higher than the ones previously reported. These materials are low-cost, easy to prepare, and display high capacitance values, which are easy to measure using low-cost electronics. These materials pave the road for the implementation of e-skin in commercialized applications.
Ash clouds temperature estimation. Implication on dilute and concentrated PDCs coupling and topography confinement
Authors: Pensa A. , Capra L. , Giordano G. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPyroclastic density currents (PDCs) are among the most hazardous of all volcanic processes in terms of high speeds and unpredictable extent. While concentrated PDCs are usually topographically confined, the dilute counterpart (ash cloud) is able to overrun topographic barriers, with unexpected trajectories posing a high risk for human settlements around the volcano. Here, for the first time, the temperature of an ash could, for a PDC originated during the 11 July, 2015 Volcán de Colima eruption, is determined, without pre-installed instruments, based on the degree of charcoaling of trees affected by the ash cloud. Temperature estimations were performed using Reflectance analysis and microtomography images processing of pine wood charred fragments. The combination of these two independent and well-established methods to organic matter charred in a volcanic environment constitutes a pioneering attempt for the indirect temperature estimation of dilute pyroclastic density currents (PDCs). Charcoal fragments were sampled at different heights along tree trunks outstanding from the PDC deposit. Both the temperatures obtained from charcoal analyses (reflectance and microtomography) and observation of damages to the tree trunks allowed to distinguish: (i) a lower Zone A, which extends 150–180 cm above the top of the PDC deposit, where trunks show peeled bark and multiple lithic impacts; temperature values are equal or slightly higher than the underlying deposit for the entire length of the valley; (ii) an upper Zone B, developed above 150–180 cm from the top of the PDC deposit, where trees are only burned without any block impact marks; temperature estimations for Zone B are comparable with the PDC deposit temperature range from proximal to distal areas. The temperature data indicate that the 11 July, 2015 Colima PDC event, the ash cloud was always thermally coupled with the under-running concentrated flow for the entire length of the ravine, explaining the observed strong vertical uplift of the ash cloud and the substantial absence of ash cloud detachments along flow. A corollary of our study is that, should a detachment have occurred, the ash cloud surge would have had initial temperatures as high as the one carried by the high concentration part of the PDC. A major outcome of our study is that the temperature estimation of ash clouds bears important implication in terms of hazard assessment for pyroclastic density currents along narrow valleys that usually cut the steep slopes of stratovolcanoes.
Yang’s Classification of Juvenile TMJ Anterior Disc Displacement Contributing to Treatment protocols
Authors: Shen Pei , Xie Qianyang , Ma Zhigui , Abdelrehem Ahmed , Zhang Shanyong , Yang Chi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis study aims to establish a new staging system of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) anterior disc displacement (ADD) and evaluate its role in guiding the treatment plan. A consecutive sample of 522 juvenile patients (780 joints) diagnosed as ADD based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was included and analyzed. 674 joints received TMJ treatments according to our staging system, while 106 joints rejected any treatment; only for follow-up. The outcomes were judged according to our success criteria. The prognosis of our staging system was also evaluated in comparison to Wilkes classification. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that significant stratifications of the ameliorative rate were found at all subgroups within any two stages in our staging system, except for subgroups between stages 0 and 1, stages 2 and 3, and stages 3 and 4. After analyzing the interactions between different candidate prognostic factors in a Cox model, the relative risks of deterioration of ADD included treatment methods (HR = 42.94, P < 0.0001), disease course (HR = 0.98, P = 0.0019), stages of ADD (HR = 3.81, 9.62, 12.14, P = 0.016, 0.000,0.000 respectively for stage 2, stage 3 and stage 4) and the interaction between ADD stages and treatment methods. The C index of this model was 0.87. The new staging system of TMJ ADD appears reliable, and benefits to making treatment planning and predicting the prognosis.
A Machine Learning Approach for the Identification of a Biomarker of Human Pain using fNIRS
Authors: Fernandez Rojas Raul , Huang Xu , Ou Keng-Liang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPain is a highly unpleasant sensory and emotional experience, and no objective diagnosis test exists to assess it. In clinical practice there are two main methods for the estimation of pain, a patient’s self-report and clinical judgement. However, these methods are highly subjective and the need of biomarkers to measure pain is important to improve pain management, reduce risk factors, and contribute to a more objective, valid, and reliable diagnosis. Therefore, in this study we propose the use of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and machine learning for the identification of a possible biomarker of pain. We collected pain information from 18 volunteers using the thermal test of the quantitative sensory testing (QST) protocol, according to temperature level (cold and hot) and pain intensity (low and high). Feature extraction was completed in three different domains (time, frequency, and wavelet), and a total of 69 features were obtained. Feature selection was carried out according to three criteria, information gain (IG), joint mutual information (JMI), and Chi-squared (χ2). The significance of each feature ranking was evaluated using three learning models separately, linear discriminant analysis (LDA), the K-nearest neighbour (K-NN) and support vector machines (SVM) using the linear and Gaussian and polynomial kernels. The results showed that the Gaussian SVM presented the highest accuracy (94.17%) using only 25 features to identify the four types of pain in our database. In addition, we propose the use of the top 13 features according to the JMI criteria, which exhibited an accuracy of 89.44%, as promising biomarker of pain. This study contributes to the idea of developing an objective assessment of pain and proposes a potential biomarker of human pain using fNIRS.
Classifying grey seal behaviour in relation to environmental variability and commercial fishing activity - a multivariate hidden Markov model
Authors: van Beest Floris M. , Mews Sina , Elkenkamp Svenja , Schuhmann Patrick , Tsolak Dorian , Wobbe Till , Bartolino Valerio , Bastardie Francois , Dietz Rune , von Dorrien Christian , Galatius Anders , Karlsson Olle , McConnell Bernie , Nabe-Nielsen Jacob , Olsen Morten Tange , Teilmann Jonas , Langrock Roland 
Published: April 2019

AbstractClassifying movement behaviour of marine predators in relation to anthropogenic activity and environmental conditions is important to guide marine conservation. We studied the relationship between grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) behaviour and environmental variability in the southwestern Baltic Sea where seal-fishery conflicts are increasing. We used multiple environmental covariates and proximity to active fishing nets within a multivariate hidden Markov model (HMM) to quantify changes in movement behaviour of grey seals while at sea. Dive depth, dive duration, surface duration, horizontal displacement, and turning angle were used to identify travelling, resting and foraging states. The likelihood of seals foraging increased in deeper, colder, more saline waters, which are sites with increased primary productivity and possibly prey densities. Proximity to active fishing net also had a pronounced effect on state occupancy. The probability of seals foraging was highest <5 km from active fishing nets (51%) and decreased as distance to nets increased. However, seals used sites <5 km from active fishing nets only 3% of their time at sea highlighting an important temporal dimension in seal-fishery interactions. By coupling high-resolution oceanographic, fisheries, and grey seal movement data, our study provides a scientific basis for designing management strategies that satisfy ecological and socioeconomic demands on marine ecosystems.
Vinculin Force Sensor Detects Tumor-Osteocyte Interactions
Authors: Li Fangjia , Chen Andy , Reeser Andrew , Wang Yue , Fan Yao , Liu Shengzhi , Zhao Xinyu , Prakash Rahul , Kota Divya , Li Bai-Yan , Yokota Hiroki , Liu Jing 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis study utilized a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based molecular tension sensor and live cell imaging to evaluate the effect of osteocytes, a mechanosensitive bone cell, on the migratory behavior of tumor cells. Two cell lines derived from MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells were transfected with the vinculin tension sensor to quantitatively evaluate the force in focal adhesions of the tumor cell. Tumor cells treated with MLO-A5 osteocyte-conditioned media (CM) decreased the tensile forces in their focal adhesions and decreased their migratory potential. Tumor cells treated with media derived from MLO-A5 cells exposed to fluid flow-driven shear stress (FFCM) increased the tensile forces and increased migratory potential. Focal adhesion tension in tumor cells was also affected by distance from MLO-A5 cells when the two cells were co-cultured, where tumor cells close to MLO-A5 cells exhibited lower tension and decreased cell motility. Overall, this study demonstrates that focal adhesion tension is involved in altered migratory potential of tumor cells, and tumor-osteocyte interactions decrease the tension and motility of tumor cells.
Human cells are permissive for the productive infection of porcine circovirus type 2 in vitro
Authors: Liu Xiaohui , Ouyang Ting , Ouyang Hongsheng , Liu Xiaohua , Niu Guyu , Huo Wang , Yin Weihong , Pang Daxin , Ren Linzhu 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPorcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) is the main pathogen of porcine circovirus diseases and porcine circovirus-associated diseases, which are widespread in swine-producing countries. However, there is controversy regarding the susceptibility of human cells to PCV2 infection. In this study, human cell lines were infected with PCV2 and blind passaged several times. PCV2 entered and replicated in human cells, and infectious virions were generated, indicating that human cell lines were permissive to PCV2 replication. Furthermore, PCV2 replication in human cell lines was enhanced by D-glucosamine or concanavalin A (ConA). However, the infection efficiency of PCV2 was lower in human cells than in PK-15 cells, suggesting that PCV2 infection was limited in human cells. Our study reveals that human cells are permissive for the productive infection of porcine circovirus type 2 in vitro.
Energy-distinguishable bipolar UV photoelectron injection from LiCl-promoted FAPbCl3 perovskite nanorods
Authors: Gong Jue , Li Xun , Guo Peijun , Zhang Ian , Huang Wei , Lu Ke , Cheng Yingwen , Schaller Richard D. , Marks Tobin J. , Xu Tao 
Published: April 2019

A UV photodetector based on LiCl-added FAPbCl3 nanorods exhibits bipolar photocurrent under 60 Hz 254 nm UV illumination. However, under 60 Hz 365 nm UV irradiation, LiCl:FAPbCl3 nanorods show monopolar photocurrent.