bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor Antigen Mediated Conformational Changes of Nanoplatform for Activated Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Liu Junjie , Zhang Yiwen , Liu Wei , Zhang Kaixiang , Shi Jinjin , Zhang Zhenzhong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a noninvasive powerful tool for tumor treatment. However, phototoxicity seriously limits the clinical application of PDT, and activated PDT specifically response to tumor cell antigen is rarely reported. Herein, a tumor cell specific “switch‐on” PDT nanoplatform, which employs a well‐designed hairpin structure mucl protein (MUC1) aptamer (Apt) as specific linker to conjugate gold nanorod and Chlorin e6 (Ce6) (GNR/Apt‐Ce6) is prepared, and “switch on” via conformational changes of aptamer‐induced fluorescence resonance energy transfer missing between GNR and Ce6 for selective tumor therapy. In the absence of tumor cells, MUC1 Apt keeps a hairpin structure, leading to Ce6 closely adhered to the surface of GNR, PDT is in an “off” state even under the irradiations. On the contrary, in the presence of tumor cells with overexpressed MUC1, Apt specifically recognizes and binds to MUC1, resulting in conformational changes of Apt from regular hairpin to extended chain structure. Thus with an enlarged distance between Ce6 and GNR, PDT is switched‐on. GNR/Apt‐Ce6 shows excellent PDT efficacy in tumor‐bearing mice (55.1% vs 1.3%, tumor apoptosis rate of GNR/Apt‐Ce6 vs GNR/random sequence‐Ce6) due to its high tumor‐targeting and “switch‐on” properties. The strategy of tumor antigen activated PDT is expected to provide a new perspective for clinical application.
Antibacterial Layer‐by‐Layer Films of Poly(acrylic acid)–Gentamicin Complexes with a Combined Burst and Sustainable Release of Gentamicin
Authors: Escobar Ane , Muzzio Nicolás E. , Andreozzi Patrizia , Libertone Sara , Tasca Elisamaria , Azzaroni Omar , Grzelczak Marek , Moya Sergio E. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThere is an urgent need for the development of effective antibacterial coatings to cope with more and more resistant bacterial strains in medical environments, and particularly to prevent nosocomial infections following bone implant surgery. Polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) based on poly‐l‐lysine (PLL) and complexes of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and gentamicin have been fabricated here applying the layer‐by‐layer (LbL) technique. Complexes are prepared by mixing PAA and gentamicin solutions in 500 × 10−3 m NaCl at pH 4.5. The assembly of PLL and the complexes follows an exponential growth allowing a high loading of gentamicin in a four bilayer PEM. Although PEMs are stable and do not degrade at physiological pH, there is a continuous release of gentamicin at pH 7.4. PEMs show an initial burst release of gentamicin in the first 6 h, which liberates 58% of the total gentamicin released during the experiment, followed by a sustainable release lasting over weeks. This release profile makes the coating appealing for the surface modification of bone implants as a high concentration of antibiotics is necessary during implant surgery while a lower antibiotic concentration is needed until tissue is regenerated. PEMs are effective in preventing the proliferation of the Staphylococcus aureus strain.
Guideline for Optical Optimization of Planar Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Koç Mehmet , Soltanpoor Wiria , Bektaş Gence , Bolink Henk J. , Yerci Selçuk 
Published: September 2019

AbstractOrganometallic halide perovskite solar cells have emerged as a versatile photovoltaic technology with soaring efficiencies. Planar configuration, in particular, has been a structure of choice thanks to its lower temperature processing, compatibility with tandem solar cells, and potential in commercialization. Despite all the breakthroughs in the field, the optical mechanisms leading to highly efficient perovskite solar cells lack profound insight. In this paper, a comprehensive guideline is introduced involving semianalytical equations for thickness optimization of the front and rear transport layers, perovskite, and transparent conductive oxides to improve the antireflection and light trapping properties, and therefore to maximize the photocurrent of perovskite solar cells. It is shown that a photocurrent enhancement above 2 mA cm−2 can be achieved by altering—reducing or increasing—the thicknesses of the layers constituting a CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPI) type perovskite solar cell. The proposed guideline is tested against experiments as well as previously published experimental and simulation results for MAPI. Additionally, the provided guideline for various types of perovskites can be extended to other direct bandgap absorber‐based solar cells in superstrate configuration.
Wafer‐Scale Polymer‐Based Transparent Nanocorals with Excellent Nanoplasmonic Photothermal Stability for High‐Power and Superfast SERS Imaging
Authors: Wu Kaiyu , Nguyen Long Quang , Rindzevicius Tomas , Keller Stephan Sylvest , Boisen Anja 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPolymer‐based surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates offer distinctive advantages such as low‐cost and high optical transparency which allows direct detection of trace chemicals on target surfaces and easy microfluidic integration. However, incident‐laser‐induced localized surface plasmon resonances can generate heat that deform the polymer and significantly reduce the intensities of recorded SERS signals. Herein, a novel wafer‐scale polymer‐based transparent nanocoral (WTNC) SERS substrate with 3D electromagnetic “hotspots” is presented. Its fabrication is simple and lithography‐free. The novel SERS substrate demonstrates excellent nanoplasmonic heat resistance, high SERS sensitivity, and unmatched SERS signal uniformity with a relative standard deviation of ≈6% across 80 mm. Excellent photothermal stability is achieved by highly crosslinking SU‐8, a negative epoxy photoresist, raising its initial degradation temperature to ≈230 °C, much higher than the glass transition temperature of state‐of‐the‐art thermalplasts used in SERS substrates, including polyethylene terephthalate and poly(methyl methacrylate). The WTNC substrate can withstand very high laser irradiance of up to 300 kW cm−2, enabling superfast SERS imaging of analytes in extremely small quantities. A high resolution SERS image containing 10 201 spectra of ≈44 amol trans‐1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethylene is obtainable in <5 min. The WTNC substrate pushes the state‐of‐the‐art in polymer‐based SERS substrates and has great potential for rapid routine analyses.
Delivery of Nanoparticles and Macromolecules across the Blood–Brain Barrier
Authors: Nowak Maksymilian , Helgeson Matthew E. , Mitragotri Samir 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTreatment of brain‐related diseases is challenging due to the presence of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), a hurdle that prevents most foreign matter from entering the brain. While macromolecules and nanoparticles represent an increasing fraction of the therapeutic landscape in general, their limited ability to cross the BBB has hindered their clinical impact in treating diseases of the central nervous system. Here, the various routes for entry of macromolecular therapeutics into the brain are discussed, as well as the methods used to enhance their transport. Particular emphasis is placed on highlighting quantitative trends and mechanistic insights into how the macromolecular transport can be improved, discussing novel enhancement strategies, and identifying areas in need of more detailed investigations. Overall, this review shows several promising advances and continued progress toward a more complete understanding of how macromolecule and nanoparticle design and delivery strategy characteristics can be leveraged to improve the treatment of brain diseases.
One‐Step Controllable Synthesis of Catalytic Ni4Mo/MoOx/Cu Nanointerfaces for Highly Efficient Water Reduction
Authors: An Yiming , Long Xia , Ma Ming , Hu Jue , Lin He , Zhou Dan , Xing Zheng , Huang Bolong , Yang Shihe 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCurrently, in addition to the electroactive non‐noble metal water‐splitting electrocatalysts, a scalable synthetic route and simple activity enhancement strategy is also urgently needed. In particular, the well‐controlled synthesis of the well‐recognized metal–metal nanointer face in a single step remains a key challenge. Here, the synthesis of Cu‐supported Ni4Mo nanodots on MoOx nanosheets (Ni4Mo/MoOx) with controllable Ni4Mo particle size and d‐band structure is reported via a facile one‐step electrodeposition process. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the active open‐shell effect from Ni‐3d‐band optimizes the electronic configuration. The Cu‐substrate enables the surface Ni–Mo alloy dots to be more electron‐rich, forming a local connected electron‐rich network, which boosts the charge transfer for effective binding of O‐related species and proton–electron charge exchange in the hydrogen evolution reaction. The Cu‐supported Ni4Mo/MoOx shows an ultralow overpotential of 16 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in 1 m KOH, demonstrating the smallest overpotential, at loadings as low as 0.27 mg cm−2, among all non‐noble metal catalysts reported to date. Moreover, an overpotential of 105 mV allows it to achieve a current density of 250 mA cm−2 in 70 °C 30% KOH, a remarkable performance for alkaline hydrogen evolution with competitive potential for applications.
Fast Redox Kinetics in Bi‐Heteroatom Doped 3D Porous Carbon Nanosheets for High‐Performance Hybrid Potassium‐Ion Battery Capacitors
Authors: Hu Xiang , Liu Yangjie , Chen Junxiang , Yi Luocai , Zhan Hongbing , Wen Zhenhai 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPotassium‐ion hybrid capacitors (PIHCs) hold the advantages of high‐energy density of batteries and high‐power output of supercapacitors and thus present great promise for the next generation of electrochemical energy storage devices. One of the most crucial tasks for developing a high‐performance PIHCs is to explore a favorable anode material with capability to balance the kinetics mismatch between battery‐type anodes and capacitor‐type cathode. Herein, a reliable route for fabricating sulfur and nitrogen codoped 3D porous carbon nanosheets (S‐N‐PCNs) is reported. Systematic characterizations coupled with kinetics analysis indicate that the doped heteroatoms of sulfur and nitrogen and the amplified graphite interlayer can provide ample structural defects and redox active sites that are beneficial for improving pseudocapacitive activity, enabling fast kinetics toward efficient potassium‐ion storage. The S‐N‐PCNs are demonstrated to exhibit superior potassium storage capability with a high capacity of 107 mAh g−1 at 20 A g−1 and long cycle stability. The as‐developed PIHCs present impressive electrochemical performance with an operating voltage as high as 4.0 V, an energy density of 187 Wh kg−1, a power density of 5136 W kg−1, and a capacity retention of 86.4% after 3000 cycles.
UV‐Inert ZnTiO3 Electron Selective Layer for Photostable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wei Jing , Guo Fengwan , Liu Bing , Sun Xiangyu , Wang Xi , Yang Zijiang , Xu Kun , Lei Ming , Zhao Yicheng , Xu Dongsheng 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAlthough planar‐structured perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have power conversion efficiencies exceeding 24%, the poor photostability, especially with ultraviolet irradiance (UV) severely limits commercial application. The most commonly‐used TiO2 electron selective layer has a strong photocatalytic effect on perovskite/TiO2 interface when TiO2 is excited by UV light. Here a UV‐inert ZnTiO3 is reported as the electron selective layer in planar PSCs. ZnTiO3 is a perovskite‐structured semiconductor with excellent chemical stability and poor photocatalysis. Solar cells are fabricated with a structure of indium doped tin oxide (ITO)/ZnTiO3/Cs0.05FA0.81MA0.14PbI2.55Br0.45/Sprio‐MeOTAD/Au. The champion device exhibits a stabilized power conversion efficiency of 19.8% with improved photostability. The device holds 90% of its initial efficiency after 100 h of UV soaking (365 nm, 8 mW cm−2), compared with 55% for TiO2‐based devices. This work provides a new class of electron selective materials with excellent UV stability in perovskite solar cell applications.
A Novel Anion Doping for Stable CsPbI2Br Perovskite Solar Cells with an Efficiency of 15.56% and an Open Circuit Voltage of 1.30 V
Authors: Zhao Huan , Han Yu , Xu Zhuo , Duan Chenyang , Yang Shaomin , Yuan Shihao , Yang Zhou , Liu Zhike , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe Cs‐based inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs), such as CsPbI2Br, have made a striking breakthrough with power conversion efficiency (PCE) over 16% and potential to be used as top cells for tandem devices. Herein, I− is partially replaced with the acetate anion (Ac−) in the CsPbI2Br framework, producing multiple benefits. The Ac− doping can change the morphology, electronic properties, and band structure of the host CsPbI2Br film. The obtained CsPbI2−x
Br(Ac)x
perovskite films present lower trap densities, longer carrier lifetimes, and fast charge transportation compared to the host CsPbI2Br films. Interestingly, the CsPbI2−x
Br(Ac)x
PSCs exhibit a maximum PCE of 15.56% and an ultrahigh open circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.30 V without sacrificing photocurrent. Notably, such a remarkable Voc is among the highest values of the previously reported CsPbI2Br PSCs, while the PCE far exceeds all of them. In addition, the obtained CsPbI2−x
Br(Ac)x
PSCs exhibit high reproducibility and good stability. The stable CsPbI2−x
Br(Ac)x
PSCs with high Voc and PCE are desirable for tandem solar cell applications.
Hydroxychloroquine Blood Levels Predict Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy
Authors: Petri Michelle , Elkhalifa Marwa , Li Jessica , Magder Laurence S. , Goldman Daniel W. 
Published: September 2019

ObjectiveIn 2016, the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) changed the recommended daily dose of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) from 6.5 mg/kg to <5 mg/kg. However, it is not clear that the lower prescribed dose of HCQ will have the same efficacy for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) activity or the same role in protecting against cardiovascular risk factors and thrombosis. This study was undertaken to address the frequency of HCQ retinopathy and the role of HCQ blood levels in identifying those individuals who are at a greater future risk of retinopathy.MethodsHCQ blood levels in 537 patients with SLE from a large clinical cohort were repeatedly measured, and patients were tested for HCQ retinopathy. We assessed the risk of retinopathy according to clinical characteristics and blood levels of HCQ.ResultsThe overall frequency of retinopathy was 4.3% (23 of 537 patients). There was a 1% risk of retinopathy in the first 5 years of HCQ treatment, 1.8% from 6 to 10 years, 3.3% from 11 to 15 years, 11.5% from 16 to 20 years, and 8.0% after 21 years of use. We found that older age (P < 0.0001), higher body mass index (P for trend = 0.0160), and longer duration of HCQ intake (P = 0.0024 and P for trend = 0.0006) were associated with a higher risk of HCQ toxicity. Higher blood levels of HCQ predicted later HCQ retinopathy (P = 0.0124 and P = 0.0340 for mean and maximum HCQ blood levels, respectively).ConclusionOur data prove the utility of assessing blood levels of HCQ in the prediction of retinopathy. This would allow clinicians to either decrease the dose or increase monitoring in those patients with high HCQ blood levels.
Comparative Profiling of Serum Protein Biomarkers in Rheumatoid Arthritis–Associated Interstitial Lung Disease and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Kass Daniel J. , Nouraie Mehdi , Glassberg Marilyn K. , Ramreddy Nitya , Fernandez Karen , Harlow Lisa , Zhang Yingze , Chen Jean , Kerr Gail S. , Reimold Andreas M. , England Bryant R. , Mikuls Ted R. , Gibson Kevin F. , Dellaripa Paul F. , Rosas Ivan O. , Oddis Chester V. , Ascherman Dana P. 
Published: September 2019

ObjectiveInterstitial lung disease (ILD) is a frequent complication of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), occurring in up to 40% of patients during the course of their disease. Early diagnosis is critical, particularly given the shared clinicoepidemiologic features between advanced rheumatoid arthritis–associatedILD(RA‐ILD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This study was undertaken to define the molecular basis of this overlap through comparative profiling of serum proteins inRA‐ILDandIPF.MethodsMultiplex enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used to profile 45 protein biomarkers encompassing cytokines/chemokines, growth factors, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in sera obtained fromRApatients withILDand those without, individuals withIPF, and healthy controls. Levels of selected serum proteins were compared between patient subgroups using adjusted linear regression, principal component analysis (PCA), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) modeling.ResultsMultiplexELISA‐based assessment of sera from 2 independent cohorts (Veterans Affairs [VA] and Non‐VA) revealed a number of non‐overlapping biomarkers distinguishingRA‐ILDfromRAwithoutILD(RA–noILD) in adjusted regression models. Parallel analysis of sera fromIPFpatients also yielded a discriminatory panel of protein markers in models adjusted for age/sex/smoking, which showed differential overlap with profiles linked toRA‐ILDin theVAcohort versus the Non‐VAcohort.PCArevealed several distinct functional groups ofRA‐ILD–associated markers that, in theVAcohort, encompassed proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines as well as 2 different subsets ofMMPs. Finally,LASSOregression modeling in the Non‐VAandVAcohorts revealed distinct biomarker combinations capable of discriminatingRA‐ILDfromRA–noILD.ConclusionComparative serum protein biomarker profiling represents a viable method for distinguishingRA‐ILDfromRA–noILDand identifying population‐specific mediators shared withIPF.
Synagoge Regensburg – eine Schale aus zweiachsig gekrümmtem Brettsperrholz
Authors: Gollwitzer Thomas , Amorth Andreas , Zausinger Dominik 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDen Neubau der Synagoge Regensburg überspannt eine filigrane Kuppelschale aus massiven Brettsperrholzelementen, gelagert auf vier Eckstützen. Aus dem massiv gestaffelten Baukörper mit geschlämmten, hochkant verbauten Sichtziegeln erhebt sich ein nach Osten ausgerichteter quadratischer Glaskörper mit 13 m Seitenlänge, dessen oberer Abschluss die Holzschale bildet. Die Schalengeometrie beschreibt den Ausschnitt aus einer Kugel mit dem Radius von 25 m bei einem max. Stich von 1,64 m. Eingerahmt wird die Holzschale von vier kreisförmigen gewalzten Stahlbögen HEB 160, die in den Ecken von eingespannten Rundrohrstützen gehalten werden. Die dünne Schale mit einer Schlankheit von h/L = 100 und flachem Stich ist allein mit auskragenden Stützen nicht zu stabilisieren. Umlaufende Zugstäbe schließen den allseitigen Horizontalschub kurz und verspannen das Gesamtsystem.
SMARTp: A SMART design for nonsurgical treatments of chronic periodontitis with spatially referenced and nonrandomly missing skewed outcomes
Authors: Xu Jing , Bandyopadhyay Dipankar , Salehabadi Sedigheh Mirzaei , Michalowicz Bryan , Chakraborty Bibhas 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper proposes dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs) as effective individualized treatment strategies for managing chronic periodontitis. The proposed DTRs are studied via SMARTp—a two‐stage sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART) design. For this design, we propose a statistical analysis plan and a novel cluster‐level sample size calculation method that factors in typical features of periodontal responses such as non‐Gaussianity, spatial clustering, and nonrandom missingness. Here, each patient is viewed as a cluster, and a tooth within a patient's mouth is viewed as an individual unit inside the cluster, with the tooth‐level covariance structure described by a conditionally autoregressive structure. To accommodate possible skewness and tail behavior, the tooth‐level clinical attachment level (CAL) response is assumed to be skew‐t, with the nonrandomly missing structure captured via a shared parameter model corresponding to the missingness indicator. The proposed method considers mean comparison for the regimes with or without sharing an initial treatment, where the expected values and corresponding variances or covariance for the sample means of a pair of DTRs are derived by the inverse probability weighting and method of moments. Simulation studies are conducted to investigate the finite‐sample performance of the proposed sample size formulas under a variety of outcome‐generating scenarios. An R package SMARTp implementing our sample size formula is available at the Comprehensive R Archive Network for free download.
Novel augmented physical simulator for the training of transcatheter cardiovascular interventions
Authors: Zimmermann Jan M. , Steffen Oliver J. , Vicentini Luca , Schmid Daners Marianne , Taramasso Maurizio , Maisano Francesco , Meboldt Mirko 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundTraining in transcatheter cardiovascular skills today represents a significant challenge because of the complexity of the interventions and an extensive use of multiple live imaging technologies.ObjectivesWe describe the design, the face validation, and content validation of a newly developed physical transseptal puncture (TSP) simulator using additive manufacturing techniques and novel imaging simulation solutions.MethodsThe TSP simulator contains a femoral vein catheterization pad, silicon phantoms of the venous system, a replaceable interatrial septum, and cameras to mimic live fluoroscopic and echocardiographic imaging. A validation study was conducted at the University Hospital of Zurich. A total of 14 interventional cardiologists and cardiac surgeons assessed the TSP simulator. Participants performed a TSP on the simulator using standard interventional tools. Face and content validity was demonstrated using a 5‐point Likert scale.ResultsThe TSP simulator is a new training tool for transcatheter cardiovascular interventions. All interventional cardiologists and cardiac surgeons completed the training exercise and scoring. Overall impression was rated (out of 5) 4.04 ± 1.03, haptic feedback scored 4.13 ± 0.82, and the realism of fluoroscopy simulation 4.39 ± 0.79. Usability was rated 4.50 ± 0.63 by the participants, indicating that the simulator could be suitable for training.ConclusionWe demonstrated face and content validity of a new simulator for transcatheter cardiovascular interventions. The TSP simulator's usability, haptic feedback, imaging solutions, and the overall impression of its usage were reported as very realistic. The TSP simulator represents a promising tool for simulation‐based training using real interventional toolkits in a mimicked radiological environment.
Bilateral tonsillar infiltration of T‐cell prolymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Bertaggia Ilaria , De Stefano Sabrina , Di Lella Filippo , Roti Giovanni 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTonsillar lymphoma usually presents as unilateral or bilateral infiltration of diffuse large B‐cell lymphomas. We report a case of a 79‐year‐old man with near‐complete obstruction of the upper airways due to T‐cell prolymphocytic leukemia cells. Surgical resection was safely performed to reduce burden of disease.
Cytomegalovirus colitis presented with triserial longitudinal hemorrhage in an autopsy case of adult T‐cell leukemia
Authors: Yorita Kenji , Ishihara Akira , Toyama Takanori 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLongitudinal mucosal and submucosal hemorrhage along the taeniae coli is a potential colonic manifestation of cytomegalovirus infection in immunocompromised patients. When diagnosing cytomegalovirus colitis in immunocompromised patients, endoscopic biopsy on taeniae coli seems effective for viral detection.