bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emerging Role of 4D Flow for Clinical use in Adult Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Voges Inga , Ide Yujiro , Puntmann Valentina , Gabbert Dominik , Krupickova Sylvia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
4-dimensional phase-contrast flow measurement (4D Flow) has an increasing clinical and scientific potential in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). In this review, we present up-to-date information about the benefits of 4D Flow in adults with CHD (ACHD).

Recent Findings
Due to sequence and software developments 4D is now routinely used for clinical blood flow measurements in ACHD patients. An increasing number of studies also shows that 4D Flow-derived advanced hemodynamic markers cannot only explain cardiovascular conditions but that they can help in ACHD management. Moreover, with the use of computational fluid dynamics and deep learning techniques 4D Flow might help in exploring and developing personalized medical treatment strategies.

Summary
Utilization of 4D Flow has become widely spread in research as well as in clinical practice allowing to explore morphological and hemodynamical consequences in ACHD.
Fast symplectic integrator for Nesterov-type acceleration method
Authors: Goto Shin-itiro , Hino Hideitsu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this paper, explicit stable integrators based on symplectic and contact geometries are proposed for a family of non-autonomous ordinarily differential equations (ODEs) found in improving convergence rate of Nesterov’s accelerated gradient method. Symplectic geometry is known to be suitable for describing Hamiltonian mechanics, and contact geometry is known as an odd-dimensional counterpart of symplectic geometry. Moreover, a procedure, called symplectization, is a known way to construct a symplectic manifold from a contact manifold, yielding autonomous Hamiltonian systems from contact ones. It is found in this paper that a previously investigated non-autonomous ODEs can be written as a contact Hamiltonian system family. Then, by developing and applying a symplectization of non-autonomous contact Hamiltonian vector fields expressing the non-autonomous ODEs, novel symplectic integrators are derived. Because the proposed symplectic integrators preserve hidden symplectic and contact structures in the ODEs, they are expected to be more stable than the Runge–Kutta method. Numerical experiments demonstrate that, as expected, the second-order symplectic integrator is stable and high convergence rates are achieved.
Analyzing the impact of symbols in Taiwan’s election-related anti-disinformation campaign on TikTok
Authors: Bhattacharya Sayantan , Agarwal Nitin , Poudel Diwash 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Social, cultural, and political (SCP) symbols in campaigns play vital roles in connecting emotionally with people, representing identity, simplifying complex issues, and reinforcing political ideologies. This study investigates the impact of SCP symbol content on engagement, emotional responses, and trust in electoral process in TikTok-based anti-disinformation campaigns during Taiwanese 2024 general elections. Utilizing advanced natural language processing and machine learning, we analyzed posts and comments, categorizing them for presence and type of SCP symbols. We employed a multi-faceted approach, examining engagement metrics, emotional responses, and trust evaluations across different symbol categories. Our novel categorization ranged from content without symbols to those incorporating multiple symbol types, providing nuanced understanding of symbolic influence. Findings reveal a strong positive correlation between the complexity of symbolic content and user engagement, with cultural symbols emerging as potent in driving interaction and fostering trust. Emotional analysis showed symbol-rich content elicited more positive emotional responses, especially with cultural symbols. Trust evaluations showed increases in symbol diversity increased trust, with cultural and political symbols generating the highest trust levels towards Taiwan’s democratic and electoral process. Statistical validation through non-parametric tests confirmed that the observed effects were not artifacts of data distribution or follower count variations. Our findings have significant implications for public affairs, strategic communications, policymakers, and platform managers, providing a framework for crafting more effective, culturally resonant content in digital socio-political campaigns. This study also opens avenues for further research into the long-term effects of symbolic communication on political behavior and democratic participation in the digital age.
Is a picture worth the same emotions everywhere? Validation of images from the Nencki affective picture system in Malaysia
Authors: Berezina Elizaveta , Lee Ai-Suan , Gill Colin Mathew Hugues D. , Chua Jie Yun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSeveral validated image sets, such as NAPS, IAPS, GAPED, and OASIS, have been developed to elicit affective states. However, these image sets were primarily validated on Western populations within European and American contexts, and none have been fully validated in a Southeast Asian sample, where emotional restraint may also be valued similarly to the East Asian contexts. This study aimed to validate and provide norms for the Nencki Affective Picture System (NAPS; Marchewka et al., 2014) within a Malaysian sample. Subsets from the 1356 NAPS images consisting of five image categories (faces, people, objects, landscapes, animals) were presented sequentially to 409 Malaysian adults aged 18 and above, who rated images for valence, arousal and approach/avoidance on a 9-point Likert scale. Valence, arousal and approach/avoidance norms were compared against the original European sample. Malaysian men and women rated images with lower valence and motivation than Europeans, but Malaysian men showed higher arousal ratings compared to European men, while Malaysian women exhibited the opposite pattern, with lower arousal ratings than European women. A linear regression was found instead of a classic ‘boomerang’ shaped quadratic regression previously observed in Western samples, suggesting that emotional suppression may be at play, in line with social norms. The Malaysian normative ratings will be freely available to all researchers.
Impact of Extreme Heat on Cardiovascular Health in Kuwait: Present and Future Projections
Authors: Alwadi Yazan , Al-Hemoud Ali , Khraishah Haitham , Al-Mulla Fahd , Koutrakis Petros , Ali Hamad , Alahmad Barrak 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
The Middle East, especially Kuwait, is experiencing rapidly rising temperatures due to climate change. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of mortality in the country, and extreme heat is expected to exacerbate hospitalizations for cardiovascular diseases. There is limited data quantifying the historical and future impacts of heat on hospitalizations for cardiovascular diseases in Kuwait.

Methods
We collected daily hospital admission data of cardiovascular diseases in Kuwait from 2010 to 2019. We modeled the relationship between temperature and cardiovascular disease hospitalizations using distributed lag non-linear models (DLNMs), adjusting for relative humidity and seasonality. Future temperature projections for Kuwait under moderate and extreme climate change scenarios were obtained from the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6), and the impact on cardiovascular disease hospitalizations was extrapolated for every decade until 2099.

Results
During the baseline period (2010–2019), a total of 263,182 CVD cases were recorded. Of which, 20,569 (95% eCI: 3,128, 35,757) were attributed to heat. We found that the relative risk of hospitalization for CVD increased from 1.292 (95% CI: 1.051, 1.589) at 41 °C to 1.326 (95% CI: 1.006, 1.747) at 43 °C, compared to the minimum morbidity temperature. Projections showed that, under moderate climate scenarios, CVD hospitalizations would increase by 1.96% by 2090–2099, while under extreme scenarios, the increase could reach 4.44%.

Conclusions
Extreme heat significantly contributes to CVD hospitalizations in Kuwait. This burden is projected to increase under climate change. Findings highlight the urgent need for healthcare system preparedness to mitigate the future health impacts of rising temperatures in Kuwait.
China’s Belt and Road Initiative in Southeast Asia and its implications for ASEAN-China strategic partnership
Authors: Bharti Mukesh Shankar , Kumari Suprabha 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study aims to discuss China’s bilateral partnership with Southeast Asia under the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). China’s BRI framework of cooperation serves as a platform for enhancing economic, cultural, tourism, and trade relationships with the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) member states, promoting regional development and cooperation. China’s BRI cooperation framework comprehensively defines “Globalization 5.0” and this research speaks rationally about the theory of power transition. As a result, BRI projects not only benefit Southeast Asian countries by improving infrastructure and economic growth but also contribute to China’s strategic goal of expanding its influence in the region through connectivity and cooperation. The BRI has been instrumental in developing large-scale infrastructure projects across Southeast Asia, including railways, ports, highways, and energy projects. The China-Laos Railway, which connects Vientiane with Kunming, is a notable example, promoting regional connectivity and trade. Similarly, the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway in Indonesia is another high-profile project aimed at enhancing transportation efficiency. In addition to economic and infrastructure projects, the BRI has enhanced cultural ties between China and Southeast Asia. This includes educational exchanges, joint research initiatives, and people-to-people exchanges, fostering stronger mutual understanding and cooperation. Collaborative cultural programs and tourism initiatives have been promoted to strengthen these ties.
Some results on the supremum and on the first passage time of the generalized telegraph process
Authors: Martinucci Barbara , Paraggio Paola , Zacks Shelemyahu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We analyze the process M(t) representing the maximum of the one-dimensional telegraph process X(t) with exponentially distributed upward random times and generally distributed downward random times. The evolution of M(t) is governed by an alternating renewal of two phases: a rising phase R and a constant phase C. During a rising phase, X(t) moves upward, whereas, during a constant phase, it moves upward and downward, continuing to move until it attains the maximal level previously reached. Under some choices of the distribution of the downward times, we are able to determine the distribution of C, which allows us to obtain some bounds for the survival function of M(t). In the particular case of exponential downward random times, we derive an explicit expression for the survival function of M(t). Finally, the moments of the first passage time

$\Theta_w$

of the process X(t) through a fixed boundary

$w>0$

are analyzed.
An Augmented Variable Dirichlet Process mixture model for the analysis of dependent lifetimes
Authors: Ungolo Francesco , Laub Patrick J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe analysis of insurance and annuity products issued on multiple lives requires the use of statistical models which account for lifetime dependence. This paper presents a Dirichlet process mixture-based approach that allows to model dependent lifetimes within a group, such as married couples, accounting for individual as well as group-specific covariates. The model is analyzed in a fully Bayesian setting and illustrated to jointly model the lifetime of male–female couples in a portfolio of joint and last survivor annuities of a Canadian life insurer. The inferential approach allows to account for right censoring and left truncation, which are common features of data in survival analysis. The model shows improved in-sample and out-of-sample performance compared to traditional approaches assuming independent lifetimes and offers additional insights into the determinants of the dependence between lifetimes and their impact on joint and last survivor annuity prices.
Effectiveness of psychodrama on mental health outcomes based on Chinese samples: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies
Authors: Wang Xiaohui , Ding Rui , Luo Rui 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Psychodrama (PD), supported by extensive global research, is increasingly becoming a vital method for alleviating psychological symptoms and promoting mental well-being in diverse populations across China. However, comprehensive evidence based on rigorous interventions is currently lacking.

Methods
This article systematically reviews the literature on randomized controlled experimental intervention studies of PD in the Chinese Mainland from 1982 to 2023.

Findings
Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses framework, this article included seven studies (N = 332, 25 effect sizes). The results demonstrate that PD interventions have a promotional effect (standardized mean difference SMD = 0.768, 95% CI [0.591, 0.946]) across different age groups and settings in randomized controlled trial interventions. In accordance with previous literature, we categorized the effect sizes into two major groups: illness reduction (IR) and health promotion (HP). Subgroup analysis based on these two categories revealed consistent findings. In the IR category, the overall effect size was notably significant (SMD = −0.711, 95% CI [−0.976, −0.446]), and in the HP category, the overall effect was also highly significant (SMD = 0.889, 95% CI [0.705, 1.074]). This finding aligns with previous research in other nations, supporting the significant effectiveness of PD as a counseling method in alleviating psychological illnesses and promoting mental health within the Chinese context.

Conclusion
PD serves not only as a therapeutic tool but also as a preventive and developmental intervention. Moving forward, there is a call for increased emphasis on standardized and randomized controlled experimental studies to further the advancement of PD within China.
Freely rising or falling of a sphere in a square tube at intermediate Reynolds numbers
Authors: Nie Deming , Wang Jingwen , Li Siwen , Lin Jianzhong 
Published: December 2024

The motion of a sphere freely rising or falling in a 5d (d is the diameter of the sphere) square tube was numerically studied for the sphere-to-fluid density ratio ranging from 0.1 to 2.3 (0.1 ≤ ρs/ρ ≤ 2.3, ρs is the density of spheres and ρ the fluid density) and Galileo number from 140 to 230 (140 ≤ Ga ≤ 230). We report that Hopf bifurcation occurs at Gacrit ≈ 157, where both the heavy and light spheres lose stability. The helical motion is widely seen for all spheres at Ga > 160 resulting from a double-threaded vortex interacting with the tube walls, which becomes irregular at Ga ≥ 190 where heavy spheres act differently from their counterparts; that is, heavy spheres change their helical directions alternately while light spheres exhibit helical trajectories with jaggedness in connection with the shedding of the double-threaded vortices. This is because of the difference in inertia between the heavy and light spheres. We also checked the oscillation periods for the helical motion of the spheres. They show opposite variations with ρs/ρ for the two types of spheres. Light spheres (ρs/ρ ≤ 0.7) reach a zigzagging regime at Ga ≥ 200 where a vortex loop (hairpin-like vortical structure) is formed which may develop into a vortex ring downstream at small ρs/ρ. This might be the first time a transition from the helical motion to the zigzagging motion for heavy spheres (ρs/ρ ≥ 1.8) has been reported. Finally, we examined the dependence of both the terminal Reynolds number and the drag coefficient of the spheres on the Galileo number.
Does the talk match the walk?: Effects of leader exemplification and ethical conduct on perceived leader authenticity, trust, and organizational advocacy
Authors: Gardner William L. , Clapp-Smith Rachel , Mhatre Ketan , Avolio Bruce J. , Chan Adrian , Hughes Larry W. , Pandey Pavas , Sun Iris 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLeader exemplification involves implicit and explicit claims of high moral values made by a leader. We employed a 2 × 3 experimental design with samples of 265 students in Study 1 and 142 working adults in Study 2 to examine the effects of leader exemplification (exemplification versus no exemplification) and ethical conduct (self-serving, self-sacrificial, and self-other focus) on perceived leader authenticity, trust in leader, and organizational advocacy. In Study 1, we found that exemplification produced elevated levels of perceived authenticity, trust, and advocacy in the form of employment and investment recommendations. We also showed that leader ethical conduct moderated this effect, as ratings were highest following a leader’s self-sacrificial conduct, lowest for self-serving conduct, and moderate for conduct reflecting self-other concerns. In Study 2, we replicated these findings for perceived authenticity and trust, but not organizational advocacy, which yielded mixed results. The leadership implications and future research directions are discussed.
Childhood conduct problems and adolescent medical service use: serial mediating effects of peer victimization and internalizing problems
Authors: Crescenzi Olivia , Martin-Storey Alexa , Poirier Martine , Boutin Stéphanie , Lemieux Annie , Déry Michèle , Latimer Eric , Temcheff Caroline E. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdolescents with a history of conduct problems (CP) are at heightened risk of increased service utilization as they develop. While the mechanisms underlying this association are unclear, early CP have also been linked with peer victimization and internalizing problems. The goals of the current study were: (1) to examine peer victimization and internalizing problems as potential serial mediators explaining increased medical and psychiatric service use in adolescents with a history of childhood CP, and; (2) to explore whether the proposed mediation models vary by sex.MethodsParticipants (N = 744; 53% boys, Mage = 8.39 years) from an ongoing longitudinal study that began in 2008 in Québec, Canada were recruited and assessed for CP, service use, and other behaviours via self-, parent- and teacher-reported questionnaires. Serial mediation analyses were conducted to examine the effects of peer victimization and internalizing problems on the association between childhood CP and adolescent medical and psychiatric service use, controlling for sex and household income.ResultsAdolescents with childhood CP reported higher medical and psychiatric service use than non-CP peers. Peer victimization and internalizing problems significantly mediated this association in both general medical and psychiatric service use models. The models did not vary by sex.ConclusionsFindings support higher levels of service use in adolescents with a history of CP, mediated by peer victimization and internalizing problems. Specifically, results highlight the importance of examining peer and socioemotional factors that may explain the increased service usage observed among youth with CP, to support better health outcomes.
Associations of cannabis use, tobacco use, and incident anxiety, mood, and psychotic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Burke Chloe , Freeman Tom P. , Sallis Hannah , Wootton Robyn E. , Burnley Annabel , Lange Jonas , Lees Rachel , Sawyer Katherine , Taylor Gemma M. J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundObservational studies consistently report associations between tobacco use, cannabis use and mental illness. However, the extent to which this association reflects an increased risk of new-onset mental illness is unclear and may be biased by unmeasured confounding.MethodsA systematic review and meta-analysis (CRD42021243903). Electronic databases were searched until November 2022. Longitudinal studies in general population samples assessing tobacco and/or cannabis use and reporting the association (e.g. risk ratio [RR]) with incident anxiety, mood, or psychotic disorders were included. Estimates were combined using random-effects meta-analyses. Bias was explored using a modified Newcastle–Ottawa Scale, confounder matrix, E-values, and Doi plots.ResultsSeventy-five studies were included. Tobacco use was associated with mood disorders (K = 43; RR: 1.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.30–1.47), but not anxiety disorders (K = 7; RR: 1.21, 95% CI 0.87–1.68) and evidence for psychotic disorders was influenced by treatment of outliers (K = 4, RR: 3.45, 95% CI 2.63–4.53; K = 5, RR: 2.06, 95% CI 0.98–4.29). Cannabis use was associated with psychotic disorders (K = 4; RR: 3.19, 95% CI 2.07–4.90), but not mood (K = 7; RR: 1.31, 95% CI 0.92–1.86) or anxiety disorders (K = 7; RR: 1.10, 95% CI 0.99–1.22). Confounder matrices and E-values suggested potential overestimation of effects. Only 27% of studies were rated as high quality.ConclusionsBoth substances were associated with psychotic disorders and tobacco use was associated with mood disorders. There was no clear evidence of an association between cannabis use and mood or anxiety disorders. Limited high-quality studies underscore the need for future research using robust causal inference approaches (e.g. evidence triangulation).
The geographical distribution of the family-genetic risk score for drug use disorder in Sweden and its co-localization with areas of social deprivation
Authors: Kendler Kenneth S. , Mansourian Ali , Zhao Pengxiang , Ohlsson Henrik , Stewart Kathleen , Sundquist Jan , Malmberg Bo , Sundquist Kristina 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundDrug use Disorder (DUD), the risk for which is substantially influenced by both genetic and social factors, is geographically concentrated in high-risk regions. An important step toward understanding this pattern is to examine geographical distributions of the genetic liability to DUD and a key demographic risk factor – social deprivation.MethodsWe calculated the mean family genetic risk score (FGRS) for DUD ((FGRSDUD) and social deprivation for each of the 5983 areas Demographic Statistical Areas (DeSO) for all of Sweden and used geospatial techniques to analyze and map these factors.ResultsUsing 2018 data, substantial spatial heterogeneity was seen in the distribution of the genetic risk for DUD in Sweden as a whole and in its three major urban centers which was confirmed by hot-spot analyses. Across DeSOs, FGRSDUD and s.d. levels were substantially but imperfectly correlated (r = + 0.63), with more scattering at higher FGRSDUD and s.d. scores. Joint mapping across DeSOs for FGRSDUD and s.d. revealed a diversity of patterns across Sweden. The stability of the distributions of FGRSDUD and s.d. in DeSOs within Sweden over the years 2012–2018 was quite high.ConclusionsThe geographical distribution of the genetic risk to DUD is quite variable in Sweden. DeSO levels of s.d. and FRGSDUD were substantially correlated but also disassociated in a number of regions. The observed patterns were largely consistent with known trends in the human geography of Sweden. This effort lays the groundwork for further studies of the sources of geographic variation in rates of DUD.