bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
No requirement of interlukine-1 for long-term potentiation in the anterior cingulate cortex of adult mice
Authors: Lu Jing-Shan , Song Qian , Zhang Ming-Ming , Zhuo Min 
Published: March 2018

Background The enhanced expression of cytokines in the pathological states suggests that they have important roles in the initiation or maintenance of disease states. Findings: To determine the involvement of cytokines in chronic neuropathic pain, the expression of cytokines in the anterior cingulate cortex neurons in the ligation of the common peroneal nerve mice was investigated. We utilized a cytokine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay plate array to detect 23 cytokines in total eight mice including a female, and no significant differences were found in those cytokines between the common peroneal nerve model and sham surgery mice. Quantification of TNF-α at protein level revealed the unvaried expression in the anterior cingulate cortex in both neuropathic pain and visceral pain, but enhanced expression in the insular cortex in the visceral pain. Furthermore, we found that the IL-Ira, a kind of IL-1 receptor antagonist, had no effect on the theta burst stimulation-induced long-term potentiation in the anterior cingulate cortex. Conclusions Cytokines are not involved in chronic neuropathic pain induced by nerve injury in the anterior cingulate cortex. Our findings suggested that cytokines may not be a viable drug target to treat chronic neuropathic pain in the anterior cingulate cortex.
Analysis of a new best-practice advisory on time to initiation of antibiotics in surgical intensive care unit patients with septic shock
Authors: Chanas Tyler , Volles David , Sawyer Rob , Mallow-Corbett Stephanie 
Published: March 2018

Background Early administration of antibiotics in septic shock is associated with decreased mortality. Promptly identifying sepsis and eliciting a response are necessary to reduce time to antibiotic administration. Methods A best-practice advisory was introduced in the surgical intensive care unit to identify patients with septic shock and promote timely action. The best-practice advisory is triggered by blood culture orders and vasopressor administration within 24 h. The nurse or provider who triggers the alert may send an automatic notification to the intensive care unit resident, clinical pharmacist, and charge nurse, prompting bedside response and closer evaluation. Patients who met best-practice advisory criteria in the surgical intensive care unit from May 2016 through March 2017 were included. Outcomes included changes in antibiotics within 24 h, response to best-practice advisory, and time-to-antibiotics. Time-to-antibiotics was compared between a retrospective pre-intervention period and a six-month prospective post-intervention period defined by launch of the new best-practice advisory in September 2016. Data were analyzed by chi square, Mann–Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis. Results During the first six months of best-practice advisory implementation, 191 alerts were triggered by 97 unique patients. Alert notification was transmitted in 79 best-practice advisories (41%), with pharmacist bedside response in 53 (67%). New antibiotics were started within 24 h following 83 best-practice advisories (43%). There was a trend toward decreased time-to-antibiotics following implementation of the best-practice advisory (7.4 vs. 4.2 h, p = 0.057). Compared to the entire cohort, time-to-antibiotics was shorter when the team was notified and when a pharmacist responded to the bedside (4.2 vs. 1.6 vs. 1.2 hours). Conclusions A new best-practice advisory has been effective at eliciting a rapid response and reducing the time-to-antibiotics in surgical intensive care unit patients with septic shock. Team notification and pharmacist response are associated with decreased time-to-antibiotics.
Impact of multi- versus single finger proximal interphalangeal joint arthroplasty: analysis of 249 fingers treated in 15 years
Authors: Srnec Jason J. , Wagner Eric R. , Rizzo Marco 
Published: March 2018

We retrospectively reviewed and compared the outcomes and complications associated with 81 single digit and 168 multi-digit proximal interphalangeal joint arthroplasties performed from 1998 to 2012 in 136 patients. Clinical outcomes were assessed with an average follow-up of 5.3 years for single digit and 5.9 years for multi-digit proximal interphalangeal joint arthroplasty. Comparing single versus multi-digit proximal interphalangeal joint arthroplasty, the reoperation-free survival was 67% and 68% at 5 years and 56% and 67% at 10 years, respectively. Furthermore, in comparison of single versus multi-digit proximal interphalangeal joint arthroplasty, the revision-free survival was 80% and 86% at 5 years and 80% and 85% at 10 years, respectively. Given the similar, or even slightly improved, rates of complications, reoperation, and revision surgery, proximal interphalangeal joint arthroplasty performed on multi-digits results in no worse outcomes compared with single digit proximal interphalangeal joint arthroplasty. Level of evidence: IV
Lumbrical muscle tear: clinical presentation, imaging findings and outcome
Authors: Lutter Christoph , Schweizer Andreas , Schöffl Volker , Römer Frank , Bayer Thomas 
Published: March 2018

The incidence of lumbrical muscle tear is increasing due to the popularity of climbing sport. We reviewed data from 60 consecutive patients with a positive lumbrical stress test, including clinical examination, ultrasound and clinical outcomes in all patients, and magnetic resonance imaging in 12 patients. Fifty-seven patients were climbers. Lumbrical muscle tears were graded according to the severity of clinical and imaging findings as Grade I–III injuries. Eighteen patients had Grade I injuries (microtrauma), 32 had Grade II injuries (muscle fibre disruption) and 10 had Grade III injuries (musculotendinous disruption). The treatment consisted of adapted functional therapy. All patients completely recovered and were able to return to climbing. The healing period in Grade III injuries was significantly longer than in the patients with Grade I or II injuries ( p < 0.001). We recommend evaluation of specific clinical and imaging findings to grade the injuries and to determine suitable therapy. Level of evidence: IV
Continuous Glucose Monitoring Associated With Less Diabetes-Specific Emotional Distress and Lower A1c Among Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Vesco Anthony T. , Jedraszko Aneta M. , Garza Kimberly P. , Weissberg-Benchell Jill 
Published: March 2018

Background: Psychosocial impact research of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) among adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) is limited. The present study assesses associations between diabetes technology use on adolescent- and parent-perceived diabetes-specific distress and A1c. Method: Adolescents with T1D and parents (N = 1040; primarily mothers) completed measures of diabetes distress. Adolescents were categorized by technology use: CGM Alone, CSII Alone, CGM+CSII, or No Technology. ANOVA, regression, and Cohen’s d were used for group comparisons on measures of diabetes distress and A1c. Analyses also compared groups on clinical elevations of distress. Results: CGM use was associated with less adolescent distress compared to No Technology ( d = 0.59), CGM+CSII ( d = 0.26), and CSII Alone ( d = 0.29). Results were similar but with smaller effect size for parent-reported distress, although CGM+CSII showed equivocal association with parent distress compared to No Technology ( d = 0.18). CGM Alone was associated with lower A1c compared to No Technology ( d = 0.48), to CSII Alone ( d = 0.37), and was comparable to CGM+CSII ( d = 0.03). CGM+CSII conferred advantage over CSII Alone ( d = 0.34). Clinical elevation of distress was associated with not using any technology particularly for adolescents. Conclusions: Technology use is associated with lower adolescent distress than lower parent distress. CGM Alone is associated with lower adolescent and parent distress than CSII or CGM+CSII. This appears to be clinically meaningful based on cut scores for measures. CGM is associated with lower A1c independent of being used alone or with CSII.
A Macroeconomic Model with Price Flexibility
Authors: Singh Gurbachan 
Published: March 2018

A simple macroeconomic model is used to show that the market failure to maintain macroeconomic stability can be due to (a) price rigidity or (b) price flexibility that allows false and abnormal prices to prevail. The macroeconomic literature typically considers the first case only; this article focuses on the second case. Besides the Keynesian fiscal policy, this article considers a Pigouvian tax–subsidy scheme; the latter can be used to correct each false price individually (this use in macroeconomics resembles the more familiar use in public economics). This helps alleviate the scarcity of instruments with policymakers. As in the writings of Keynes, price stability (or rigidity) here is a policy target rather than an assumption in the model. There has been a general need to reconsider macroeconomic models since the Great Recession of 2008; this article contributes in this endeavour. JEL: E12, E62, H20
Modern Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation: The “Gold Standard” for Femoral Condyle Cartilage Repair?
Authors: Tirico Luis E. , McCauley Julie C. , Pulido Pamela , Bugbee William 
Published: March 2018

Objectives: Cartilage repair for femoral condyle lesions comprise the majority of the biological procedures performed in the knee joint. Treatment options have evolved but there is still uncertainty regarding longer-term clinical outcomes with current surgical techniques. The objective of this study was to evaluate outcome of osteochondral allograft (OCA) transplantation utilizing dowel type grafts for the treatment of isolated femoral condyle cartilage lesions. Methods: This study comprised 187 patients (200 knees) who underwent OCA transplantation for isolated cartilage lesions on the femoral condyle between 1999 and 2014. Mean patient age was 31.1 ± 11.6 years, 62.6% were male, and the medial femoral condyle was affected in 69% of the knees. For all cases, dowel technique was used with commercially available surgical instruments utilizing the minimum amount of bone necessary for fixation (modern technique). A single graft was used in 145 knees (72.5%), two grafts were used in 55 knees (27.5%). Average allograft area was 6.3 cm2 (range, 2.3 to 13 cm2) and graft thickness was 6.5 ± 1.4 mm (cartilage and bone combined). All patients had a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Evaluation included International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores; Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), and patient satisfaction. The frequency and type of further surgery was assessed. OCA failure was defined as a further surgery that involved removal of the allograft. An additional subgroup analysis on location comparing medial to lateral femoral condyle grafts was performed Results: The average follow-up was 6.7 years (range, 1.9 to 16.5 years). IKDC scores improved from preoperatively to latest follow-up for pain (5.5 to 2.7), function (3.4 to 7.3) and total scores (43.7 to 76.2) (all p<0.001). KOOS pain and activities of daily living scores improved from 66.5 to 85.3 and 74.5 to 91.1, respectively (p<0.001). At latest follow-up, outcome scores did not differ by location on the femoral condyle (Table 1). The majority of patients (89%) reported satisfaction with the results of the OCA transplantation. Further surgery was required in 52 knees (26%), of which 16 knees (8% of entire cohort) were defined as OCA failures (4 OCA revisions, 1 arthrosurface, 6 unicompartmental knee arthroplasties, and 5 total knee arthroplasties). The median time to failure was 4.9 years (range, 0.3 to 16.1 years). Survivorship of the OCA was 95.6% at 5 years and 91.2% at 10 years (Figure 1). Conclusion: OCA transplantation utilizing a modern technique is a valuable procedure for the treatment of femoral condyle cartilage lesions, resulting in significant improvement in clinical scores, high patient satisfaction, and low reoperation and clinical failure rates. These results are similar or better than any other cartilage repair procedure for isolated femoral condyle lesions. [Table: see text][Figure: see text]
Superior Clinical Outcomes with Capsular Closure versus Non-Closure in Patients Undergoing Arthroscopic Hip Labral Repair
Authors: Bolia Ioanna , Briggs Karen K. , Philippon Marc J. 
Published: March 2018

Objectives: Controversy still exists on closing the capsule following hip arthroscopy. It is unclear if capsular closure at the end of hip arthroscopy results in better clinical outcomes compared to non-closure. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes in patients who had a closed capsule to those without a closed capsule following hip arthroscopic labral repair by a single surgeon. Methods: Patients who did not have capsular closure were identified by reviewing arthroscopy video (non-closure group). Fifty consecutive patients without capsular closure were matched with fifty patients who had capsular closure. All patients underwent primary hip arthroscopy and labral repair. The primary patient-reported outcome measure was Hip Outcome Score(HOS)-ADL. Secondary outcome measures included the modified Harris hip score(MHHS), HOS-Sport, WOMAC, general health, and patient satisfaction with outcome. Patients with lateral center edge angle less than 25º were excluded. Results: There were 23 females and 27 males with an average age of 36 years (range:14 to 77) in each group. The average lateral center edge angle was 34º (range, 27 to 48) in both groups. The alpha angle was 68º (range, 40 to 134) in the non-closure group and 70º (range, 41 to 98) in the closure group. No patient had microfractures at the time of surgery. The average follow-up time was 5 years (non-closure group range: 3-10; closure group range 3-9). Eight patients (16%) in the non-closure group required total hip arthroplasty(THA), while 4 patients (8%) in the closure group required THA. Six patients in the non-closure group and 3 patients in the closure group required revision hip arthroscopy. Of those patients who did not require revision or THA, there was a significant difference in the HOS ADL score and the secondary outcome measures (see table). Capsular closure resulted in superior clinical outcomes compared to non-closure. Conclusion: There were twice as many conversion to THA and twice as many hip arthroscopy revisions in patients undergoing hip arthroscopic labral repair without capsular closure compared to those with closure. In addition, the closure group showed significantly higher outcomes scores compared to the non-closure at 5-year follow-up time. [Table: see text]
2-O, 3-O desulfated heparin mitigates murine chemotherapy- and radiation-induced thrombocytopenia
Authors: Tkaczynski Elizabeth , Arulselvan Abinaya , Tkaczynski John , Avery Stephen , Xiao Liqing , Torok-Storb Beverly , Abrams Kraig , Rao Narayanam V. , Johnson Gregory , Kennedy Thomas P. , Poncz Mortimer , Lambert Michele P. 
Published: March 2018

Key Points
ODSH counters the inhibitory effect of PF4 on megakaryopoiesis in murine and human cell cultures. ODSH improves platelet count recovery in murine models of both CIT and RIT.
Prognostic impact of copeptin in pulmonary embolism: a multicentre validation study
Authors: Hellenkamp Kristian , Pruszczyk Piotr , Jiménez David , Wyzgał Anna , Barrios Deisy , Ciurzyński Michał , Morillo Raquel , Hobohm Lukas , Keller Karsten , Kurnicka Katarzyna , Kostrubiec Maciej , Wachter Rolf , Hasenfuß Gerd , Konstantinides Stavros , Lankeit Mareike 
Published: March 2018

To externally validate the prognostic impact of copeptin, either alone or integrated in risk stratification models, in pulmonary embolism (PE), we performed apost hocanalysis of 843 normotensive PE patients prospectively included in three European cohorts.Within the first 30 days, 21 patients (2.5%, 95% CI 1.5–3.8) had an adverse outcome and 12 (1.4%, 95% CI 0.7–2.5) died due to PE. Patients with copeptin ≥24 pmol·L−1had a 6.3-fold increased risk for an adverse outcome (95% CI 2.6–15.5, p<0.001) and a 7.6-fold increased risk for PE-related death (95% CI 2.3–25.6, p=0.001). Risk classification according to the 2014 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guideline algorithm identified 248 intermediate-high-risk patients (29.4%) with 5.6% (95% CI 3.1–9.3) at risk of adverse outcomes. A stepwise biomarker-based risk assessment strategy (based on high-sensitivity troponin T, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and copeptin) identified 123 intermediate-high-risk patients (14.6%) with 8.9% (95% CI 4.5–15.4) at risk of adverse outcomes. The identification of patients at higher risk was even better when copeptin was measured on top of the 2014 ESC algorithm in intermediate-high-risk patients (adverse outcome OR 11.1, 95% CI 4.6–27.1, p<0.001; and PE-related death OR 13.5, 95% CI 4.2–43.6, p<0.001; highest risk groupversusall other risk groups). This identified 85 patients (10.1%) with 12.9% (95% CI 6.6–22.0) at risk of adverse outcomes and 8.2% (95% CI 3.4–16.2) at risk of PE-related deaths.Copeptin improves risk stratification of normotensive PE patients, especially when identifying patients with an increased risk of an adverse outcome.
Clonidine Effect on Pain After Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Different Routes of Administration
Authors: Fernandes Hermann S. , Bliacheriene Fernando , Vago Thúlio M. , Corregliano Gabriela T. , Torres Marcelo L. , Francisco Rossana P. , Ashmawi Hazem A. 
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND:
Intrathecal clonidine prolongs spinal anesthesia. We evaluated the effects of the addition of intrathecal or intravenous clonidine (75 µg) to standard cesarean delivery spinal anesthesia on postoperative pain and neonatal outcomes.

METHODS:
In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial, 64 women scheduled for elective cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia were randomly allocated and compared among 3 groups: intrathecal clonidine 75 µg, intravenous clonidine 75 µg, and placebo. The primary outcome was acute postoperative pain. A sample size of 26 individuals per group (N = 78) was planned.

RESULTS:
From April 2015 to April 2016, 64 women were analyzed (14 excluded). No differences in postoperative pain scores were found (Numerical Verbal Scale for pain at movement at 24 hours of postcesarean delivery: 4.53 ± 3.0 vs 4.45 ± 2.73 vs 3.93 ± 3.07 for control, intrathecal, and intravenous, respectively, P = .771). Intrathecal and intravenous clonidine led to more sedation, in comparison to the control group, during the intraoperative period (Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale: −0.3 ± 0.47 vs −1 ± 0.53 vs −0.73 ± 0.45 for control, intrathecal, and intravenous, respectively, overall P < .001; Dunn correction: P < .001 for intrathecal versus control; P = .021 for intravenous versus control; and P = .208 for intrathecal versus intravenous).

CONCLUSIONS:
Intrathecal or intravenous clonidine had no effect on postoperative pain after cesarean delivery. Both intrathecal and intravenous clonidine caused more sedation.
Repeated Morphine Prolongs Postoperative Pain in Male Rats
Authors: Grace Peter M. , Galer Erika L. , Strand Keith A. , Corrigan Kaci , Berkelhammer Debra , Maier Steven F. , Watkins Linda R. 
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND:
Opioids are effective postoperative analgesics. Disturbingly, we have previously reported that opioids such as morphine can worsen inflammatory pain and peripheral and central neuropathic pain. These deleterious effects are mediated by immune mediators that promote neuronal hyperexcitability in the spinal dorsal horn. Herein, we tested whether perioperative morphine could similarly prolong postoperative pain in male rats.

METHODS:
Rats were treated with morphine for 7 days, beginning immediately after laparotomy, while the morphine was tapered in a second group. Expression of genes for inflammatory mediators was quantified in the spinal dorsal horn. In the final experiment, morphine was administered before laparotomy for 7 days.

RESULTS:
We found that morphine treatment after laparotomy extended postoperative pain by more than 3 weeks (time × treatment: P < .001; time: P < .001; treatment: P < .05). Extension of postoperative pain was not related to morphine withdrawal, as it was not prevented by dose tapering (time × treatment: P = .8; time: P < .001; treatment: P = .9). Prolonged postsurgical pain was associated with increased expression of inflammatory genes, including those encoding Toll-like receptor 4, NOD like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), caspase-1, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (P < .05). Finally, we showed that of preoperative morphine, concluding immediately before laparotomy, similarly prolonged postoperative pain (time × treatment: P < .001; time: P < .001; treatment: P < .001). There is a critical window for morphine potentiation of pain, as a 7-day course of morphine that concluded 1 week before laparotomy did not prolong postsurgical pain.

CONCLUSIONS:
These studies indicate the morphine can have a deleterious effect on postoperative pain. These studies further suggest that longitudinal studies could be performed to test whether opioids similarly prolong postoperative pain in the clinic.
Potential of bacteriocins produced by probiotic bacteria isolated from tiger shrimp and prawns as antibacterial to Vibrio, Pseudomonas, and Aeromonas species on fish
Authors: Feliatra Feli , Muchlisin Zainal Abidin , Teruna Hiwan Yuda , Utamy Widya Rahmi , Nursyirwani Nursyirwani , Dahliaty Andi 
Published: March 2018

Backgrounds: Bacteriocin has been used widely in industry as a biopreservative agent. The objective of the present study was to investigate the potency of Bacteriocin isolated from tiger prawnPenaeus monodonand freshwater shrimpMacrobrachium rosenbergiias an anti-bacterial on fish.Methods: A total of ten candidates of probiotic bacteria consisted of five isolates from tiger shrimps (H1, H2, H3, H4, H5) and five isolates from freshwater prawns (W1, W2, W3, W4, W5) were evaluated. Bacteriocin wasBacteriocin was produced by centrifugation at a speed of 150 rpm and at 37 °C for 24 hours. The bacteriocin extract was purified by adding sulphate ammonium salt {(NH4) 2SO4} at 80% of the saturation level. Bacteriocin activity was determined using a diffusion method against pathogenic bacteriaVibrio alginolyticus,Aeromonas hydrophillaAeromonas hydrophillaandPseudomonas stutzeri. Bacteriocins were analyzed usinganalyzedusing High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR). The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed with Duncans multiple range test.Results: Bacteriocins produced by bacteria isolate H4 from tiger prawn indicated the highest bacteriocin activity againstbacteriocin activity againstPseudomonas stutzeriatstutzeriat the diameter of inhibition zone of 887.10 ± 409.24 mm2/mL. While isolate W2 from freshwater shrimp indicated inhibition zone of 1466.96 ± 127.62 mm2/mL. Both bacteriocins were purified by chromatography column using Sephadex LH-20.Conclusions: This finding showed that bacterial isolates H4 and W2 have the potential to produce bacteriocins which inhibit the pathogenic bacteria. FTIR analysis showed an amide group at wave number 1652cm-1contained in the bacteriocins of isolates H4 and W2.