bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Many Faces of Ameloblastoma
Authors: Cañal Johanna Patricia A. 
Published: April 2019

About 80% of ameloblastomas are found in the mandible. Radiographically, they are most commonly seen in the posterior mandible but can occur anywhere in the mandible. Twenty percent are found in other parts of the body, mostly in the face. They may, rarely, occur in the maxilla and skullbase (for which CT scans are recommended). Panoramic x-rays, also called panorex films, orthopantomograms or pantomograms, are adequate for assessing ameloblastomas of the mandible. The procedure is simple, with the patient’s chin placed in an immobilizer while the xray beam moves in an arc in front of the patient, taking a full view of the mandible in 1-2 minutes. Because the beam converges at a midpoint in the oral cavity, the resulting image “spreads out” the mandible from angle to angle (but overlaps and is hazier at the mentum).
In early stages, ameloblastomas start out as a unilocular cystic lucency, similar in appearance to any other odontogenic cyst. They are usually well-defined with scalloped borders and tend to displace, rather than destroy teeth. Typically expansile & multilocular, they have been described by such terms as “honeycomb” & “soap bubble”.
The Philippine National Ear Institute: Patient and Audiologic Profiles
Authors: Santos-Cortez Regie Lyn P. , Chiong Charlotte M. , San Agustin Ma. Luz , Elgar Charina Melinda C. , Gimena Genilou Liv M. , Ibrahim Scheherazade C. , Roldan Rodante A. , Reyes-Quintos Ma. Rina T. , Chan Abner L. , Abes Generoso T. 
Published: April 2019

Background: The Philippine National Ear Institute (PNEI) was created to promote health of hearing and balance among Filipinos. Over the years it, has provided audiologic services to thousands of patients annually and has published relevant hearing and balance research.
Objective: To describe the patients served by the PNEI in terms of age, region of origin, occupation, pretest diagnosis, and audiologic results.
Methods:
Study Design: Cross-sectional study
Setting: National tertiary care center
Population: All records of patients referred for audiologic testing at PNEI in 2006 were reviewed and encoded into analyzable format.
Results: A total of 1,756 patients had audiologic records for review. Median age was 32.5 years, with the age distribution presented according to sex, type of tests done including common reasons for referral, and median threshold levels by frequency. Coverage was national in scope, with most patients coming from the National Capital Region and from Regions III and IVa. Occupation was indicated in 37.8% of the working age group, most of whom were unemployed. The most common pretest diagnosis was chronic otitis media (26.6%), followed by hearing loss of unknown etiology (13.0%) and tinnitus (9.3%). Severity of hearing impairment based on pure tone audiometry was variable, and was presented according to common diagnoses. About 39% of hearing impairment cases were sensorineural, 36% conductive and 25% due to mixed defect. Bilateral Type A ears were found in 45.4% of patients by tympanometry, while 29.3% were bilateral Type B. For otoacoustic emissions, 69.0% were labeled as “refer” in at least one ear.
Conclusion: The PNEI is a major national referral center for audiology that holds much promise in developing programs for national surveillance of the hearing status of different sectors in Philippine society.

Keywords: Philippine National Ear Institute, Philippines, patient profile, audiology, audiometry, tympanometry, otoacoustic emissions, chronic otitis media
Pedicled Mucosal Flap of the Uvula: An Unusual Cause of Chronic Cough in an Adult
Authors: Enoz Murat 
Published: April 2019

Objective: To describe a case of chronic cough due to pedicled uvular mucosal flap
Design: Case report.
Setting: A tertiary military hospital
Patient: One (1)
Result: A mucosal flap was seen arising from the uvula on oropharyngeal examination with a tongue depressor. Nasopharyngoscopy documented its extension to the tongue base and hypopharynx. It was excised under local anesthesia with amelioration of complaints and cessation of cough.
Conclusion: The etiology of chronic cough not attributable to chronic rhinosinusitis, asthma, gastroesophageal reflux, tuberculosis, dysfunctional swallowing or cigarette smoking should be investigated further. A simple oropharyngeal examination (as in this case) may reveal the cause and a simple solution may be obtained, avoiding unnecessary investigations and treatment.
Key words: Mucosal flap, uvula, chronic cough, pedicle
Radiographic Analysis of the Ethmoid Roof based on KEROS Classification among Filipinos
Authors: Paber Justin Elfred Lan B. , Cabato Michael Salvador D. , Villarta Romeo L. , Hernandez Josefino G. 
Published: April 2019

Objective: The objective of the study was to describe the distribution of Keros classification among Filipinos.
Methods:
Study Design: Retrospective review of consecutive paranasal sinus computed tomography (PNS CT) scans.
Setting and Participants: One hundred and twenty-eight consecutive PNS CT scans done at the Philippine General Hospital done from January 2006 to August 2007 were reviewed; 109 PNS CT scans were included in the study. The bilateral heights of the lateral lamellae of the cribriform plate were obtained, independently coded, and classified according to Keros classification.
Results: The mean height of the lateral lamella among Filipinos was 2.21mm. One hundred sixty five cases (81.6%) were classified as Keros I. Fifty two cases (17.9%) were classified as Keros II and one (0.5%) case was classified as Keros III. There was no significant difference in the height of the lateral lamella (t-test: p=0.77, CI 95%) and the distribution of Keros classification (Fisher’s Exact test: p = 0.78) among younger (1-14 year) and older (>14 year) Filipino age groups. There was significant difference in the height (t-test: p=0.05, CI 95%) and the distribution of Keros classification (Fishers Exact Test: p=0.01) between Filipino females and males. There was no significant difference in the height of the bilateral lateral lamellae among Filipinos (paired t-test: p=0.51, CI 95%). There was no significant difference in the distribution of Keros classification (Fisher’s Exact Test: p=0.48) between the right and left lateral lamella.

Conclusions: In over 80% of the time Filipinos are classified as Keros I. Risk of inadvertent intracranial entry thru the lateral lamella among Filipinos is less compared to populations with majority of cases classified as Keros II or III.

Keywords: Keros classification, Filipino, Paranasal Sinus, PNS-CT, Ethmoid roof, Ethmoid anatomy
Demineralization of the Otic Capsule in Otosclerosis (Otospongiosis)
Authors: Yang Nathaniel W. 
Published: April 2019

A 34-year old Filipina presents with bilateral progressive hearing loss and tinnitus of three years' duration. Otologic examination reveals normal external auditory canals and tympanic membranes, with good tympanic membrane mobility on pneumatic otoscopy. Standard audiometric examination shows a bilateral moderate conductive hearing loss. Temporal bone CT imaging reveals the presence of a focal region of bone demineralization involving the dense bone of the otic capsule surrounding the cochlear lumen (Figure 1), a finding consistent with a diagnosis of active otospongiosis. The diagnosis was confirmed by visualization of an otosclerotic focus during transcanal middle ear exploration, where stapedectomy with placement of a stainless steel stapes prosthesis was performed.
Otosclerosis is a condition unique to the temporal bone characterized by abnormal resorption and deposition of bone in the otic capsule and ossicles. Although it occurs more rarely in Asiatic populations compared to Europeans, Americans of Caucasian origin and Indians, it must be considered in patients presenting with primarily conductive hearing loss, especially if there is bilateral involvement. CT imaging of the temporal bone may help to differentiate this condition from other causes of conductive hearing loss, such as tympanosclerosis and bony epitympanic fixation of the ossicular chain from chronic infection and inflammation of the middle ear. One must be cognizant of the fact that a normal temporal bone CT scan does not rule a diagnosis of otosclerosis, because an inactive, highly sclerotic focus that appears as a uniform hyperdense mass may be difficult to distinguish from the normal compact labyrinth capsule (1). Other causes of otic capsule demineralization include osteogenesis imperfecta, Paget disease, otosyphilis, and Camurati-Engelmann disease. These may be differentiated by their individually characteristic patterns of bone involvement and evidence of disease in other organ systems.2
Subjective and Objective Assessment of Olfactory Function in Post-Laryngectomy Patients
Authors: Ramirez Ricardo L. , Panganiban Windolyn D. , Ramirez Joel A. 
Published: April 2019

Objective: To determine the olfactory function among post-laryngectomy patients using a questionnaire adapted from that of the Smell and Taste Clinic of Hospital of University Pennsylvania (HUP) and the Santo Tomas Smell Identification Test.
Methods:
Design: Descriptive study
Setting: Tertiary Private Hospital Outpatient Department
Patients: Twenty five subjects who had undergone total laryngectomy and met inclusion and exclusion criteria underwent rigid nasal endoscopy and olfactory function assessment using an adaptation of the questionnaire of the Smell and Taste Clinic of Hospital of University Pennsylvania (HUP) and the Santo Tomas Smell Identification Test (ST-SIT).
Results: Twenty one male subjects completed olfactory testing. All had subjective sense of smell before laryngectomy. Statistically significant correlation was noted between the subjective post-operative smell function and the objective olfactory function test scores. There was no statistically significant difference noted in the ST SIT scores with regards age, duration from laryngectomy to olfactory testing, number of smoking pack- years, use of olfactory technique/maneuver, loss of appetite and adjunctive chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Conclusion: All subjects post-laryngectomy had subjective complaints of varying levels of olfactory difficulties based on a structured questionnaire and were documented to be anosmic by an objective smell identification test. Olfactory problems following laryngectomy can have significant effects on the lives of laryngectomees, and health care providers should be knowledgeable of available management options for this condition.
Key words: olfaction, anosmia, total laryngectomy, olfactory testing
Congenital Nasal Chondromesenchymal Hamartoma
Authors: Estimar Ruth S. , Zafra Mario Adrian M. , Lopa Ramon Antonio B. 
Published: April 2019

Objectives: To report the case of a congenital nasal chondromesenchymal hamartoma in a one-year-old female and review the literature, identifying problems encountered in confirming the diagnosis and in treatment of this patient.
Methods:
Design: Case Report
Setting: Tertiary Public General Hospital
Patient: One
Results: A one-year-old female with an intranasal mass noted at birth and with subsequent unilateral maxillary enlargement is described. Computed tomography showed calcifications and erosion of adjacent bony structures. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry of an intranasal biopsy were interpreted as chordoma, a malignant tumor. Following surgical excision, the final histopathologic diagnosis was chondroid hamartoma.
Conclusion: Only 20 cases of nasal chondromesenchymal hamartoma have been reported in the literature worldwide. These tumors may present clinically, histopathologicaly and radiologically as malignant tumors and may mislead even the experts. The whole clinical picture should be taken together to avoid misdiagnosis as a malignancy and to facilitate appropriate management.
Keywords: nasal chondromesenchymal hamartoma, nasal masses in infancy, nasal chondroid lesions
In vitro Antibacterial Activity of Mometasone Furoate, Fluticasone Propionate and Fluticasone Furoate Nasal Preparations Against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Hemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli
Authors: Liu Philip Lance A. , Agbay Rose Lou Marie C. , Castañeda Samantha S. 
Published: April 2019

Objective: To test the antibacterial properties of three commercially available nasal corticosteroid preparations containing Mometasone Furoate (MF), Fluticasone Propionate (FP) and Fluticasone Furoate (FF) against S. pneumoniae, S. viridans, S. aureus, H. influenza, P. aeruginosa and E. coli.
Methods:

Study Design: Experimental in vitro study using the disc diffusion method.

Clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Hemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli were inoculated on separate plates. 0.15 ml of nasal corticosteroid preparations containing MF, FP and FF were applied to blank paper discs, then placed on the plates, including an empty disc. Following 24 and 48 hours of incubation, the inhibition zones were measured to the nearest mm from the point of abrupt inhibition of growth.
Results: After 24 and 48 hours of incubation, S. pneumoniae, S. viridans, and S. aureus showed inhibition zones to all three preparations. S. aureus and S. viridans show the largest zones of inhibition at 24 and 48 hours respectively. H. influenza, P. aeruginosa and E. coli were negative. The inhibition zones of each bacteria were shown to be statistically different. The preparation containing FP had the largest zone of inhibition at 24 and 48 hours, although post hoc tests showed their difference was not significant.
Conclusion: The present study demonstrates possible antimicrobial properties of commercially-available nasal corticosteroid preparations. However, it is unclear whether these can be attributed to the steroids, their excipients, or both. Further studies testing each component may offer better insights into their therapeutic use.
Keywords: Mometasone Furoate, Fluticasone Propionate, Fluticasone Furoate, Antibacterial, Nasal Corticosteroids, Allergic Rhinitis, Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis
Laryngeal Trauma with Phrenic Nerve Injury: A Rare Association
Authors: Hashim Noor Dina , Yunus Mohd Razif Mohamad , Baki Marina Mat 
Published: April 2019

Objective: To share our experience in managing a rare involvement of phrenic nerve injury in laryngeal trauma
Methods:
Study Design: Case report
Setting: Tertiary Referral Centre
Patient: One
Results: A 23-year-old male sustained blunt laryngeal trauma associated with phrenic nerve injury leading to silent traumatic diaphragmatic paralysis. He underwent tracheotomy and surgical repair of Schaeffer class IV laryngeal injuries, and conservative therapy for the diaphragmatic paralysis, which eventually resolved.
Conclusion: Patients with laryngeal trauma may have concomitant phrenic nerve injury causing diaphragmatic paralysis. The diagnosis should be considered particularly if the patient has respiratory problems despite securing the airway by tracheotomy. A high index of suspicion is required in diagnosing such an association. Patients should be closely monitored even though most will recover, as some may present with later morbidities. A search of PubMed and OvidSP using the terms “larynx,” “laryngeal trauma” and “phrenic nerve” did not yield any report of phrenic nerve injury in association with laryngeal trauma. To our knowledge, this is may be the first reported case of phrenic nerve injury in association with blunt laryngeal trauma.
Keywords: larynx, trauma, phrenic nerve
Quality of Life after FESS among Patients with Nasal Polyps Using the NOSE Questionnaire Translated in Filipino (NOSE-Ph)
Authors: Macasaet Mary Ann V. , Cruz Emmanuel Tadeus S. 
Published: April 2019

Objective: To evaluate the quality of life before, and after Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) among patients with nasal obstruction due to nasal polyposis using the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) questionnaire translated in Filipino (NOSE-Ph) in a tertiary government hospital in Metro Manila.
Methods:
Design: Cross-Sectional QOL Study
Setting: Tertiary Government Hospital
Subjects: 40 patients with nasal polyposis who underwent FESS from April 2014 to June 2015 were included in the study. Patients who underwent FESS due to other nasal tumors other than nasal polyp were excluded. The subjects answered the previously-validated NOSE-Ph questionnaire pre- and post-operatively and the scores were gathered and analyzed.
Results: Based on the pre and post-operative scores, there was a statistically significant improvement in all 5 parameters (1. nasal congestion, 2. nasal obstruction, 3. trouble breathing, 4. trouble sleeping, and 5. inability to get enough air through the nose during exercise).
Conclusion: There was a statistically significant improvement in the quality of life of patients who underwent FESS based on the pre and post-operative scores using the NOSE-Ph questionnaire translated in Filipino.
Keywords: nasal obstruction symptom evaluation scale
Fibular Dimensions for Mandibular Reconstruction among Filipinos
Authors: Muñoz Nikkoh P. , Fernando Adrian F. , Castañeda Samantha S. 
Published: April 2019

Objective: To determine if the anatomic dimensions (length, cross-sectional width, cortical
thickness) of the Filipino fibula are ideal for mandibular reconstruction.
Method:
Design: Cross-sectional study
Setting: Anatomy dissection laboratory
Patients: 40 fibulas from 20 adult cadavers
Results: Morphometric examination showed the mean length of the harvested fibulas was 33.5 cm. The mean horizontal (a-d) and vertical (b-c) widths of the proximal cross-section (point B) were 15.1 ± 0.28 mm and 9.9 ± 0.15 mm respectively. The mean horizontal (a-d) and vertical (b-c) widths of the distal cross-section (point D) were 15.4 ± 0.24 mm and 10.3 ± 0.49 mm respectively. The mean cortical thickness of the anterior (a), lateral (b), posterior (c) and medial (d) aspects of the proximal cross-section (point B) were 5.2 ± 0.1 mm, 3.2 ± 0.04 mm, 3.6 ± 0.01 mm, and 2.9 ± 0.06 mm respectively. The mean cortical thickness of the anterior (a), lateral (b), posterior (c) and medial (d) aspects of the distal cross-section (point D) were 5.1 ± 0.21 mm, 3.1 ± 0.11 mm, 3.5 ± 0.04 mm, and 2.9 ± 0.09 mm respectively.
Conclusion: Our findings show that the Filipino fibulas studied have dimensions that are ideal for mandibular reconstruction.
Keywords: Mandibular reconstruction, Fibula, Free Flaps, Fibular bone dimensions, Filipino
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Perioperative Outcome after Intravenous Tranexamic Acid:
Authors: Quiroga Jenna Marie C. , Jarin Peter Simon R. 
Published: April 2019

Objectives: To determine the effect of a single intravenous dose of tranexamic acid on intraoperative bleeding, duration of surgery, and surgical field visualization during endoscopic sinus surgery.

Methods:
Study Design: Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
Setting: Tertiary Government Hospital in Quezon City
Participants: 10 patients aged 18-75 years old diagnosed with chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyposis and unresponsive to medical treatment, who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery from September 2016 to August 2017, were randomly allocated to treatment group and control group respectively. The “odd” numbers were assigned to the treatment group (intravenous Tranexamic acid) given 1 dose of 100mg/ml (500mg tranexamic acid per 5 ml) tranexamic acid slow intravenous drip 1 hour prior to the procedure, while the “even” numbers assigned to the control group received the same amount of normal saline solution.

Results: The mean duration of surgery of the tranexamic group was 185 minutes (standard deviation, SD 55.23) and the control group was 122.6 minutes (SD 42.03) showing no significant difference (p=.08). The mean blood loss of the tranexamic group was less at 240ml (SD 108.39) compared with the control group at 290ml (SD 74.16), although there was no statistically significant difference (p=.42). Intraoperative surgical field assessed by the surgeon based on the Boezart grading scale showed that 2 (40%) of the tranexamic group had higher bleeding score compared with the placebo group. However, this was not found to be statistically significant (p=.460). Due to the small sample size, a type II error occurred with alpha level of 0.05 and estimated power of 0.0885, with not enough basis to refute that a single dose of intravenous tranexamic acid has no effect in improving surgical field visualization during endoscopic sinus surgery. No drug side effects were noted after administration until after surgery.

Conclusion: Single dose intravenous tranexamic acid in functional endoscopic sinus surgery decreased mean intraoperative blood loss (but this was statistically insignificant), but its effect on surgical field visualization cannot totally be assessed due to small sample size. There was also no change in the observed duration of surgery. No untoward side effects associated were noted from administration of the drug until after the surgery finished.

Keywords: Functional endoscopic sinus surgery, intravenous tranexamic acid, chronic rhinosinusitis
PHONETOVOX: A Novel Prototype Device for Alaryngeal Speech
Authors: Econ Michaelsam E. , Soriano Ronaldo G. 
Published: April 2019

Objective: To describe a prototype improvised hand held device for alaryngeal speech.
Methods:
Design: Instrument Innovation
Setting: Tertiary Private Hospital
Participants: Four listeners with normal hearing, were native Tagalog-speakers and had no previous experience with alaryngeal speech types participated in initial trials.

Results: The prototype PHONETOVOX was fabricated using a soundproofed cellphone casing with an intra-oral sound port attachment and a cellphone was loaded with Pocket Talkbox v. 1.4.0 software. The device was tested for its ability to produce intelligible speech by using the cellphone as a substitute for the larynx using oral cavity resonators and articulators, producing a synthesized sound mimicking the human voice. The PHONETOVOX produced intelligible words. Initial testing using a C-V-C Tagalog Word List had 4 listeners identify 34, 35, 47, and 54 out of 93 words (37 to 58%), with an overall average intelligibility of 46%.

Conclusion: Despite its restrictions in articulation and the wide range of results from the four listeners, our initial results may suggest the potential of PHONETOVOX as another modality for alaryngeal speech comparable to the 36 – 38 % intelligibility of commercially-available devices. Further trials with actual laryngectomees are needed to further establish intelligibility and acceptability.

Keywords: Laryngectomy, Alaryngeal speech, Laryngeal Cancer
WONDERFUL MALANG WITH SUMMER TOUR ON SAHID MONTANA HOTEL
Authors: Limanto Patrick Citra , Soenaidy Aldo , Wareerit Thiyada , Hu Jingru , Engelenhoven Annelieke Michelle van 
Published: April 2019

Hotel Sahid Montana is a 3 stars hotel. The hotel has facilities and resources that ready to go international. Team 07 knew about it, because team 07 had conducted several surveys about it. First, we search for information through Internet media. The information we get is about the facilities, prices and services that available on the official website of Sahid Montana. In addition, Team 07 also found information about consumer experiences or feedback when staying at Hotel Sahid Montana. Not only positive feedback, but also a negative feedback given by consumers.
We conducted an interview with Mr. Umar as marketing manager at Hotel Sahid Montana. He explains in detail about facilities, resources, services, how to advertise, and how to handle complaints from consumers. So Team 07 made the decision that this Hotel Sahid Montana was ready for go international, although there are still some things that need to be improved for the future.This research aims to introduce Indonesian culture and increase the value of tourism object. For the hotel, to introduce and increasing value of hotel Sahid in international are.