bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La Inteligencia Artificial: Su alcance y falta de regulación jurídica y ética
Authors: Sanromán Roberto 
Published: November 2024

Los avances de la tecnología han sido muy rápidos, de ello resulta el nacimiento de la Inteligencia Artificial, - vgr: computadoras programadas con algoritmos[1] o ecuaciones, formulas, metodologías para automatizar actividades cotidianas, donde el producto final puede ser la toma de decisiones, como si las estuviera haciendo el ser humano - sin embargo, su regulación jurídica ha sido mucho más lenta. El problema es que actualmente existen muchas lagunas jurídicas sobre su regulación, por eso es importante aplicar normas derivadas de distintos códigos y leyes e incluso de las condiciones prestablecidas por una de las partes cuando se celebre un contrato. En la medida que se legisle de modo específico y completo al respecto se irán solucionando dichas lagunas. No hay que olvidar que el hombre con la inteligencia artificial alimenta las computadoras y a través de algoritmos las computadoras exploran diferentes datos contenidos en las mismas, es decir es su creador por eso resultará difícil poder sustituir de manera completa la parte sensible, emocional y valorativa sentimental, con valores éticos esenciales del ser humano, vgr. Un dilema ético complicado, entre otros aspectos. [1] 1. m. Conjunto ordenado y finito de operaciones que permite hallar la solución de un problema. Diccionario de la Lengua Española. (2021) Real Academia Española. Madrid. Consultado el 13 de abril de 2022. En el sitio: https://dle.rae.es/algoritmo?m=form
An Application of Machine-Learning-Oriented Radiomics Model in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC) Early Diagnosis
Authors: Qiu Gao , Dai Zengzheng , Zhang Hua 
Published: November 2024

Aims/Background Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a common and aggressive form of kidney cancer, where early diagnosis is crucial for improving prognosis and treatment outcomes. Radiomics, which utilizes machine learning techniques, presents a promising approach in medical imaging for the early detection and characterization of such conditions. This study aims to explore the clinical utility of a machine-learning-based radiomics model in the early diagnosis of ccRCC. Methods Case data and abdominal computed tomography (CT) tumour images of patients with ccRCC were obtained from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) database. The dataset included 31 cases in the training set (19 males and 12 females, with an average age of 58.1 years) and 13 cases in the validation set (8 males and 5 females, with an average age of 69.6 years). The volume of interest (VOI) was manually delineated, slice by slice, along the tumour’s edge in cross-sectional images of ccRCC. Radiomics features were extracted from each region of interest (ROI) using the “PyRadiomics” plug-in in 3D Slicer software (version 5.1.0, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA). Feature selection was performed using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression analysis, followed by 10-fold cross-validation. The selected radiomics features were then used to construct prediction models based on two different supervised machine learning algorithms: logistic regression and random forest. The diagnostic performance of these models was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration curves. Finally, clinical data were integrated with the radiomics features to enhance the prediction model. Results A total of 44 radiomics features were ultimately selected to establish the prediction model based on the training set results. Among the two machine learning models, the logistic regression model demonstrated superior diagnostic performance. An evaluation of model establishment, considering both individual radiomics features (DifferenceVariance, JointEnergy.1, JointEntropy.2, MeanAbsoluteDeviation.7, SmallAreaHighGrayLevelEmphasis.7) and clinical data, indicated that the logistic regression model was stable and exhibited strong diagnostic performance, good calibration, and clinical applicability in patients with ccRCC. When clinical data were combined with radiomics features in the model, the area under the curve (AUC) reached 0.969, with an optimal threshold of –2.290, and sensitivity and specificity values of 89.3% and 95.2%, respectively. The calibration curve also confirmed that the logistic regression model had high calibration accuracy and greater clinical application value. Conclusion This machine-learning-based radiomics prediction model demonstrated significant value in the early diagnosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).
Differential Impacts of Invasive Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and Conservative Strategy on Elderly Patients with Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: An Analysis of Short-Term and Long-Term Survival
Authors: Li Xinjian , Li Fadong , Wang Yue , Meng Rui , Wang Shen , Li Song , Wu Xiaofan 
Published: November 2024

Aims/Background The present study investigated the short-term and long-term outcomes of an invasive strategy in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and a conservative strategy in non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients older than 80 years, with the aim to identify the strategy that is more beneficial than the other to this demographic population. Methods A total of 139 patients from Beijing Anzhen Hospital and the Cao County People’s Hospital were included in this study, comprising those aged >80 years and diagnosed with NSTEMI between 2017 and 2022. The main observation indicator was all-cause death, whereas the secondary indicators included composite endpoint events of recurrent myocardial infarction, need for urgent revascularization, recurrent angina, stroke, death, and major bleeding. Results Among these participants, 72 patients received PCI while the rest (n = 67) received the conservative treatment. Compared to patients who received the conservative treatment, patients who received PCI had significantly lower rates of all-cause mortality during hospitalization and 30 days of follow-up. Conclusion Our findings support that patients older than 80 years with NSTEMI can benefit from PCI compared to the conservative treatment.
Vegetation characteristics of the Javan slow loris habitat in Mount Masigit Kareumbi Protected Area, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: ALLASSELCIDA ANESHA , SUMARGA ELHAM , SOFIATIN SOFIATIN 
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Allasselcida A, Sumarga E, Sofiatin. 2024. Vegetation characteristics of the Javan slow loris habitat in Mount Masigit Kareumbi Protected Area, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2512-2520. Habitat loss and degradation are major threats to the conservation of endemic wildlife in Indonesia, owing to the high rates of deforestation over the past decades. Most of these endemic animals are now at risk of extinction. Javan slow loris (Nycticebus javanicus) is a primate endemic to Java Island and is currently classified as critically endangered by the IUCN. This study analyzes four key aspects of the loris' habitat in Mount Masigit Kareumbi Protected Area (MMKPA), West Java: plant diversity, vegetation community structure and composition, plant species as food sources, and canopy density. A vegetation survey was conducted in three research sites using 41 nested plots measuring 20x20 m for trees, 10x10 m for poles and shrubs, 5x5 m for saplings, and 2x2 m for herbaceous plants. Data on plant species, diameter at breast height (DBH), and abundance (number of individuals) were collected within each plot. Forest Canopy Density (FCD) was mapped using Landsat 8 RAW Imagery and Landsat 8 TOA Reflectance Imagery, involving calculating several indices: Advanced Vegetation Index (AVI), Bare Soil Index (BI), Shadow Index (SI), and Thermal Index (TI). This study identified 104 plant species from 40 families across the three studied sites with dominant tree species were Pinus merkusii, Schima wallichii, Actinodaphne procera, Pinanga coronata, Miconia crenata, and various Setaria species. The diversity index at the three locations ranged from 3.02 to 3.41. This study found 35 species, including the dominant tree species, which served as food sources for slow lorises. The primary food sources available to slow lorises are sap (92.4%), followed by fruit (3.9%) and flowers/nectar (3.7%). The results of FCD analysis indicated that 83% of MMKPA has a "high" category, suggesting the presence of a continuous branch network that facilitates the easy movement of Javan slow loris. This information can be used to develop strategies for improve habitat management in the area, such as enriching fruit-bearing crops to increase food diversity.
Through the Looking Glass: A Data Lens on Health of People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Krahn Gloria L. , Havercamp Susan M. , Bonardi Alexandra 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Population level data on health of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are sorely needed to identify their health status, health disparities, and health needs. Key considerations to inform programs and policies need to address prevalence, problem identification, and progress assessment. Recent advances have been made in health data about people with disabilities generally that identify strategies for improving health data for people with IDD, including critical need for a standardized operational definition and survey identifiers of IDD. Past and current actions by federal agencies’ to improve health data for health equity are summarized. Emerging developments in IDD health data are identified, including increasing use of self-report, data linking and harmonizing, intersectionality, and recognition of ableism.
Racial/Ethnicity Disparities in COVID-19 Worry for Caregivers of Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Asif Laiba , Staggers Kristen A. , Kemere K. Jordan , Davis Ambrielle , Fremion Ellen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study investigated the racial/ethnic differences in COVID-19-related worry amongst family caregivers of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) living in Texas using the COVID-Related Thoughts and Behavioral Symptoms-Adult Version (COV-TaBS-A) questionnaire. Two hundred and six caregivers completed the survey. Compared to White caregivers, Latino caregivers were more likely to be very concerned about having enough food and supplies (adj OR 3.41, 95% CI [1.50, 7.74]) when adjusting for being that sole caregiver and using provider services. In free text questions, caregivers described feeling overwhelmed by additional responsibilities, disruptions in home health services, and concerns about their loved ones’ wellness. Study findings can be used to strategize support for caregivers of adults with IDD during pandemic/emergency situations.
“You Don’t Know What You Don’t Know”: Parent Perspectives on Navigating Disability-Related Information and Resources
Authors: Lanchak Emily R. , Carter Erik W. , McMillan Elise D. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We examined the priorities parents hold for their children with disabilities and the pathways through which parents access needed information and resources related to these valued areas. Our sample included 405 parents of children (ages 12 and under) who experienced a diversity of disabilities and varied support needs. Although each of the parents wanted their children to experience an array of formative experiences, the extent to which parents were familiar with local resources related to these important areas was uneven and often low. A constellation of barriers was said to stand in the way of connecting to the information and help they needed. When searching for disability-related information, parents often turned to a combination of sources, including professionals and technology.
Elimination of hand-induced parasitic vibration in self-mixing displacement measurement based on FFT
Authors: Kim Chol-Hyon , Kim Myong-Il , Kim Hyok-Chol , Hong Hui-Song , Ju Won-Song , Ko Gun-Jong 
Published: November 2024

A method of removing hand-induced parasitic vibration is presented based on FFT for a handheld self-mixing (SM) displacement sensor measuring mechanical vibration. Parasitic vibration has been measured by and large with solid-state accelerometers (SSAs) and, in doing so, removed. Such methods increase the complexity of the device and the cost since they need additional hardware and a complicated algorithm for elimination of parasitic vibration. The proposed method can be applied to all cases where the frequency of a measurement object is different by only a few hertz from the main frequency of the parasitic vibration as well as the case of hand-induced parasitic vibration. The error of displacement retrieval of the method was found to be less than 30 nm. This method will be a great help to the development of handheld portable SM displacement sensors.
Determinants of glycemic control among persons living with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending a district hospital in Ghana
Authors: Adjei Alexander , Brightson Kennedy Tettey Coffie , Mensah Michael Matey , Osei Jemima , Drah Moses , Narh Clement Tetteh , Asare Kwabena , Anto Francis 
Published: November 2024

Background
Diabetes mellitus is a growing public health emergency with prevalence in sub-Sahara Africa expected to experience the highest increase by 2045. Glycemic control is central to diabetes management, but it is influenced by various factors. This study determines the level of glycemic control and the associated individual factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.

Methods
A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the Shai-Osudoku District Hospital from 9th November to 15th December 2022. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle modifications, co-morbidities, adherence to medication and diet regimens and duration of diabetes. Anthropometric and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measurements were taken. Chi-squared and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out to determine factors associated with glycemic control at 95% confidence levels.

Results
A total of 227 patients participated in this study. The majority of the participants were females (77.97%) and the mean (+SD) age was 60.76 + 12.12 years. Good glycemic control (HbA1c < 7%) among the participants was 38.77% (n = 88) and the median HbA1c was 7.5% (IQR: 6.5% to 9.4%). Significant factors associated with good glycemic control were eating healthy meals (AOR: 4.78, 95% CI: 1.65, 13.88: p = 0.004), oral hypoglycemic agents alone (AOR: 15.71, 95% CI: 1.90, 129.44: p = 0.010) and those with previously good glycemic control (AOR: 4.27, 95% CI: 2.16, 8.43: <0.001).

Conclusion
This study showed low levels of good glycemic control among T2DM patients at the primary care level in Ghana. Healthy eating, oral hypoglycemic agents and those with previously normal HbA1c were associated with glycemic control.
Hypoperfusion states could increase the risk of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
Authors: Gabbay Jasmin , Walter Eyal , Kerman Tomer , Amitai Nir , Gabay Ohad , Hazan Itai , Abuhasira Ran , Tsumi Erez 
Published: November 2024

Background
Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is a leading cause of acute optic nerve damage. While cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obstructive sleep apnea are well-established, the association between NAION and states of hypoperfusion is underexplored. This study investigated this potential association.

Methods
This retrospective case-control study analyzed all electronic medical records of Clalit Health Services’ patients from 2001 to 2022. Patients diagnosed with NAION were matched in a 1:4 ratio by year of birth and sex, using propensity score analysis to adjust for various comorbidities. Events of hypoperfusion occurring in the month prior to the diagnosis of NAION were categorized into two physiological mechanisms: a decrease in SVR and a decrease in cardiac output due to cardiac dysfunction or diminished preload (attributed to hypovolemia). Conditional logistic regression was used to explore differences between the groups.

Results
A total of 1,374 patients diagnosed with NAION and 5,496 matched controls were included in the study. We found a nearly 6.5-fold increase in the likelihood of NAION in association with events of hypoperfusion that occurred in the month period preceding the diagnosis of NAION (odds ratio [OR] 6.48; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.05–8.32). In particular, the group of patients with cardiac dysfunction (OR 6.47; 95% CI: 4.63–9.04) and the group with hypovolemia (OR 6.1; 95% CI: 4.08–9.13) emerged as having the most substantial risk factors. The group with decreased Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR) (OR 4.64; 95% CI: 2.84–7.59) was also strongly related with NAION. Cerebrovascular accident emerged as an independent significant risk factor for NAION (OR 16.1; 95% CI: 10.8–24).

Conclusion
Hypoperfusion states are significant, independent risk factors for NAION.
Advancing and applying Blue Economy in the African Great Lakes
Authors: Van der Knaap M. , Munawar M. , Njiru J.M. , Aura C. M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The three Great African Lakes (Victoria, Tanganyika, and Malawi/Niassa/Nyasa) are important for the Blue Economy growth of their riparian nations, providing, fisheries and aquaculture products, drinking water, microclimatic buffering, relatively cheap transport means, tourism, biodiversity, employment, and sources of energy (hydropower and oil). Economic growth comes with a cost in the form of pollution (municipal waste, industrial waste, sedimentation, agricultural run-off, land-use issues, etc.). Investments are required to augment benefits from improved regional collaboration to manage fisheries and aquaculture, restocking of certain fish species, strengthen transport, further develop tourism, and conserve biodiversity. Investments are also required to reduce the negative effects of climate change, invasive species, eutrophication, overfishing, waste disposal, polluting materials, oil spills in case of exploitation, and other threats to the well-being of the riparian populations, the profitability of economic activities and ecology of the lakes and their basins. The present paper reviews the various activities to advance the concept of the Blue Economy and highlights the utility and importance of lake management. There are excellent Blue Economy growth options for the three African Great Lakes.
Machine Learning based modulation format classification framework for inter-satellite optical wireless communication system (IsOWCS)
Authors: Kaur Avneet , Singh Rajandeep , Kaur Ramandeep , Farooque Aitazaz A. , Singh Simranjit 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The exponential growth in demand for high-capacity optical systems has driven the advancement of advanced modulation formats to upgrade transmission capacity and transmission quality. Effective fault diagnosis and self-configuration in inter-satellite optical wireless communication systems (IsOWCS) depend intensely on the generated data. Machine learning (ML) approaches offer promising solutions in evaluating the execution of these networks. In this study, a dataset was created using OptiSystem 18.0. The dataset was composed of various modulation formats such as duobinary, return-to-zero (RZ), non-return-to-zero (NRZ), 33 % RZ, chirped NRZ, vestigial sideband (VSB) NRZ, carrier-suppressed return-to-zero (CSRZ), and VSB CSRZ. The classification of modulation formats has been presented in this study using ML. The dataset was created by varying input power from 0 to 20 dBm and evaluating parameters such as Q factor, input/output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), power, range, eye closure, amplitude, height, eye opening, output OSNR. Four ML classifiers were used to predict the classification of different modulation formats. Random forest (RF) classifier performed exceptionally well and achieved 100 % accuracy. Moreover, an interactive user-friendly web page was also developed using Anvil for modulation format classification. The proposed research underscores the significance of selecting the appropriate modulation format to optimize the performance and transmission distance of IsOWCS, subsequently enhancing the operation of high-speed optical communication systems.
Local Library Authorities in South Indian Public Libraries Acts: A Case Study
Authors: Barman Mitali , Lahkar Narendra 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Legislation pertaining to public libraries is a helpful instrument for attaining state-mandated library services, financial support, resource and network sharing among libraries, and administrative effectiveness. In order to better understand the history of Public Libraries Acts in the Southern Indian states, this paper looks at a number of public library development aspects. Another focal point of the study is a comparative analysis of the provision of involvement of Local Library Authorities as well as their role and governance model in the Southern Indian states of India. The current work is based on data gathered from primary and secondary sources. To study the Public Libraries Acts of the southern states of India, the respective state government’s gazetteer notification and website of RRRLF were used as sources for data collection. The study has extensively analyzed the Local Library Authorities of Public Libraries Acts of South Indian States and made a comparative study among the different elements of the Local Library Authorities of the Public Libraries Acts. The study finds out that Kerala state has taken several distinctive steps in the development of its Local Library Authorities, including the establishment of block-level libraries. The study reveals that the local community and the Local Library Authorities have a tight relationship and are mutually fulfilling their objectives. Despite having sufficient provision for engagement of Local Library Authorities in the Public Libraries Act of the southern states, there is still debate about the proper implementation of the Acts.