bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Downhill running does not alter blood C1q availability or complement-dependent cytotoxicity of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies against haematological cancer cell lines in vitro
Authors: Collier-Bain Harrison D. , Brown Frankie F. , Causer Adam J. , Ross Lois , Rothschild-Rodriguez Daniela , Browne Noah , Eddy Rachel , Cleary Kirstie L. , Gray Juliet C. , Cragg Mark S. , Moore Sally , Murray James , Turner James E. , Campbell John P. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractComplement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) is a primary mechanism-of-action of monoclonal antibody (mAb) immunotherapies used to treat haematological cancers, including rituximab and daratumumab. However, mAb efficacy may be limited by reduced bioavailability of complement C1q – which activates the complement classical pathway following interactions with mAb-opsonised target cells. C1q is secreted by phagocytes upon recruitment to sites of muscle damage to facilitate muscular repair, hence we hypothesised that muscle damaging exercise may increase C1q ‘spill-over’ into blood. Additionally, other complement proteins (e.g., C1s) have been reported to increase following ultra-endurance and resistance exercise. Taken together, we hypothesised that muscle damaging exercise could be harnessed to enhance mAb-mediated CDC. In this study, n = 8 healthy males (28 ± 5-years) completed two 45-minute treadmill running protocols: (1) a flat running protocol at a speed 15% above anaerobic threshold, and (2) a downhill running protocol (− 10% slope) at the same speed. Blood samples were collected before, immediately after, and 1-hour, 24-hours, 2-days, and 4-days after exercise. Isolated serum was assessed for C1q by ELISA, and used to measure mAb (rituximab, daratumumab) mediated CDC against two haematological cancer cell lines (Raji, RPMI-8226) in vitro. Isolated plasma was assessed for markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein [CRP]), and muscle damage (creatine kinase [CK]) by turbidimetry. C1q and CDC activity were not different between running protocols and did not change over time (p > 0.05). Significantly greater perceived muscle soreness (p < 0.001) and fluctuations observed from baseline to 24-hours post-exercise in the downhill running trial in CK (+ 171%) and CRP (+ 66%) suggests some degree of muscle damage was present. It is possible that any increase in C1q post-exercise may have been masked by the increase and subsequent interaction with CRP, which utilises C1q to facilitate muscular repair. This is the first study to investigate whether exercise can increase circulating C1q and improve mAb-mediated CDC and our findings show that downhill running exercise does not increase circulating C1q nor improve CDC in vitro.
Optoelectronic performance prediction of HgCdTe homojunction photodetector in long wave infrared spectral region using traditional simulations and machine learning models
Authors: Bansal Shonak , Jain Arpit , Kumar Sandeep , Kumar Ashok , Kumar Parvataneni Rajendra , Prakash Krishna , Soliman Mohamed S. , Islam Mohamed Shabiul , Islam Mohammad Tariqul 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis research explores the design of an infrared (IR) photodetector using mercury cadmium telluride (Hg1–xCdxTe). It proposes two- and three-dimensional homojunction models based on p+-Hg0.7783Cd0.2217Te/n–-Hg0.7783Cd0.2217Te, focusing on applications in the long-wavelength infrared range. The photodetector’s performance is analyzed using Silvaco ATLAS TCAD software and compared with analytical calculations based on drift-diffusion, tunneling, and Chu’s approximation techniques. Optimized for operation at 10.6 μm wavelength under liquid nitrogen temperature, the proposed photodetector demonstrates promising optoelectronic characteristics including the dark current density of 0.20 mA/cm2, photocurrent density of 4.98 A/cm2, and photocurrent density-to-dark current density ratio of 2.46 × 104, a 3-dB cut-off frequency of 104 GHz, a rise time of 0.8 ps, quantum efficiency of 58.30 %, peak photocurrent responsivity of 4.98 A/W, specific detectivity of 3.96 × 1011 cmHz1/2/W, and noise equivalent power of 2.52 × 10–16 W/Hz1/2 indicating its potential for low-noise, high-frequency and fast-switching applications. The study also incorporates machine learning regression models to validate simulation results and provide a predictive framework for performance optimization, evaluating these models using various statistical metrics. This comprehensive approach demonstrates the synergy between advanced materials science and computational techniques in developing next-generation optoelectronic devices. By combining theoretical modeling, simulation, and machine learning, the research highlights the potential to accelerate progress in IR detection technology and enhance device performance and efficiency. This multidisciplinary methodology could serve as a model for future studies in optoelectronics, illustrating how advanced materials and computational methods can be utilized to enhance device capabilities.
Additively manufactured microwave sensor for glucose level detection in saliva
Authors: Piekarz Ilona , Skarzynski Kacper , Piekarz Blanka , Wincza Krzysztof , Gruszczynski Slawomir , Sloma Marcin , Sorocki Jakub 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a novel realization of an ink-on-glass microwave sensor for biomedical applications is proposed. The Aerosol Jet Printing (AJP) technology is leveraged to implement a compact single-layer coplanar waveguide sensor featuring arc-shaped interdigital fingers that can accommodate a droplet of the Material-Under-Test (MUT). Such geometry provides a high sensitivity to even a very small deviation of MUT`s electrical properties when placed as a superstrate. An application towards the detection of trace amounts of glucose in saliva, which is a biomarker for diabetes, is showcased. The design and fabrication process of an exemplary sensor is discussed in detail. A circular geometry feature is introduced that helps a droplet to lie over the sensitive region due to wettability difference of glass substrate and silver ink. Sensor operating in K-band is developed providing a tradeoff between circuit size and droplet volume. The study is conducted for an artificial saliva requiring roughly a 0.5 µL droplet where changes in mixture content are proportional to relative changes of sensor`s transmission coefficient in a broad frequency range for occupied vs. empty states. The obtained results show that 10 mg of glucose per 100 ml of saliva can be easily distinguished in a frequency range of 20–30 GHz, whereas a monotonical change is visible for frequencies 20–26 GHz, which indicates the applicability of this sensor towards the detection of saliva-glucose levels and potential application in the detection of small amounts of other substances in liquids.
The key role of forest disturbance in reconciling estimates of the northern carbon sink
Authors: O’Sullivan Michael , Sitch Stephen , Friedlingstein Pierre , Luijkx Ingrid T. , Peters Wouter , Rosan Thais M. , Arneth Almut , Arora Vivek K. , Chandra Naveen , Chevallier Frédéric , Ciais Philippe , Falk Stefanie , Feng Liang , Gasser Thomas , Houghton Richard A. , Jain Atul K. , Kato Etsushi , Kennedy Daniel , Knauer Jürgen , McGrath Matthew J. , Niwa Yosuke , Palmer Paul I. , Patra Prabir K. , Pongratz Julia , Poulter Benjamin , Rödenbeck Christian , Schwingshackl Clemens , Sun Qing , Tian Hanqin , Walker Anthony P. , Yang Dongxu , Yuan Wenping , Yue Xu , Zaehle Sönke 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNorthern forests are an important carbon sink, but our understanding of the driving factors is limited due to discrepancies between dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) and atmospheric inversions. We show that DGVMs simulate a 50% lower sink (1.1 ± 0.5 PgC yr−1 over 2001–2021) across North America, Europe, Russia, and China compared to atmospheric inversions (2.2 ± 0.6 PgC yr−1). We explain why DGVMs underestimate the carbon sink by considering how they represent disturbance processes, specifically the overestimation of fire emissions, and the lack of robust forest demography resulting in lower forest regrowth rates than observed. We reconcile net sink estimates by using alternative disturbance-related fluxes. We estimate carbon uptake through forest regrowth by combining satellite-derived forest age and biomass maps. We calculate a regrowth flux of 1.1 ± 0.1 PgC yr−1, and combine this with satellite-derived estimates of fire emissions (0.4 ± 0.1 PgC yr−1), land-use change emissions from bookkeeping models (0.9 ± 0.2 PgC yr−1), and the DGVM-estimated sink from CO2 fertilisation, nitrogen deposition, and climate change (2.2 ± 0.9 PgC yr−1). The resulting ‘bottom-up’ net flux of 2.1 ± 0.9 PgC yr−1 agrees with atmospheric inversions. The reconciliation holds at regional scales, increasing confidence in our results.
The evolution of coronal shock wave properties and their relation with solar energetic particles
Authors: Jarry Manon , Dresing Nina , Rouillard Alexis P. , Plotnikov Illya , Vainio Rami , Palmroos Christian , Kouloumvakos Athanasios , Vuorinen Laura 
Published: November 2024

Context. Shock waves driven by fast and wide coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are considered to be very efficient particle accelerators and are involved in the production of solar energetic particle (SEP) events. These events cause space weather phenomena by disturbing the near-Earth radiation environment. In past studies, we analysed statistically the relation between the maximum intensity of energetic electrons and protons and the properties of coronal shocks inferred at the point of magnetic connectivity. The present study focuses on a gradual SEP event measured by STEREO-A and -B on 11 October 2013. This event had the interesting properties that it (1) occurred in isolation with very low background particle intensities measured before the event, (2) was associated with a clear onset of SEPs measured in situ allowing detailed timing analyses, and (3) was associated with a fast CME event that was magnetically connected with STEREO-A and -B. These three properties allowed us to investigate at a high cadence the temporal connection between the rapidly evolving shock properties and the SEPs measured in situ.
Aims. The aim of the present study is to investigate the relative roles of fundamental shock parameters such as the compression ratio, Mach number and geometry, in the intensity and composition of the associated SEP event measured in situ.
Methods. We used shock reconstruction techniques and multi-viewpoint imaging data obtained by the STEREO-A and -B, SOHO, and SDO spacecraft to determine the kinematic evolution of the expanding shock wave. We then exploited 3D magneto-hydrodynamic modelling to model the geometry and Mach number of the shock wave along an ensemble of magnetic field lines connected to STEREO-A and -B, also estimating the uncertainties of the shock parameters. Using a velocity dispersion analysis of the available SEP data we time-shifted the SEP time series and analysed the relations between observed SEP properties and the modelled shock properties. We also studied the energy dependence of these relations.
Results. We find a very good temporal agreement between the formation of the modelled shock wave and the estimated release times for both electrons and protons. The simultaneous release of protons and electrons suggests a common acceleration process. This early phase is marked at both STEREOs by elevated electron-to-proton ratios that coincide with the highly quasi-perpendicular phase of the shock. These findings suggest that the rapid evolution of the shock as it transits from the low to the high corona modifies the conditions under which particles are accelerated. We discuss these findings in terms of basic geometry and acceleration processes.
Optimizing redshift distribution inference through joint self-calibration and clustering-redshift synergy
Authors: Zheng Weilun , Chuen Chan Kwan , Xu Haojie , Zhang Le , Song Ruiyu 
Published: November 2024

Context. Accurately characterizing the true redshift (true-z) distribution of a photometric redshift (photo-z) sample is critical for cosmological analyses in imaging surveys. Clustering-based techniques, which include clustering-redshift (CZ) and self-calibration (SC) methods–depending on whether external spectroscopic data are used–offer powerful tools for this purpose.
Aims. In this study, we explore the joint inference of the true-z distribution by combining SC and CZ (denoted as SC+CZ).
Methods. We derived simple multiplicative update rules to perform the joint inference. By incorporating appropriate error weighting and an additional weighting function, our method shows significant improvement over previous algorithms. We validated our approach using a DES Y3 mock catalog.
Results. The true-z distribution estimated through the combined SC+CZ method is generally more accurate than using SC or CZ alone. To account for the different constraining powers of these methods, we assigned distinct weights to the SC and CZ contributions. The optimal weights, which minimize the distribution error, depend on the relative constraining strength of the SC and CZ data. Specifically, for a spectroscopic redshift sample that amounts to 1% of the photo-z sample, the optimal combination reduces the total error by 20% (40%) compared to using CZ (SC) alone, and it keeps the bias in mean redshift [Δ͞z/(1+z)]
at the level of 0.003. Furthermore, when CZ data are only available in the low-z range and the high-z range relies solely on SC data, SC+CZ enables consistent estimation of the true-z distribution across the entire redshift range.
Conclusions. Our findings demonstrate that SC+CZ is an effective tool for constraining the true-z distribution, paving the way for clustering-based methods to be applied at z ≳ 1.
Compilation des propriétés physiques et mécaniques du sable de Fontainebleau NE34
Authors: Dano Christophe , Thorel Luc , Dupla Jean-Claude , Benahmed Nadia , Li Zheng 
Published: November 2024

Le sable de Fontainebleau NE34 est un matériau de référence, en France, pour les essais de laboratoire et pour les modèles réduits en géotechnique (à 1×g ou en macro-gravité en centrifugeuse). Ses principales caractéristiques issues de la littérature sont synthétisées et ré-analysées. Après une revue de ses propriétés physiques (granulométrie, composition minéralogique, densités minimale et maximale, poids volumique des grains, forme des grains…), sont présentées ses propriétés de résistance au cisaillement obtenues sur différents essais (triaxial en compression et en extension ; cisaillement simple, direct ou annulaire), incluant le chargement cyclique et le frottement d’interface. La compressibilité, le facteur de pression des terres au repos, la perméabilité, les propriétés différées et de vieillissement, les propriétés thermiques sont aussi synthétisées. La déformabilité est également abordée via le module de cisaillement (bender elements, colonne résonnante, essai de centrifugation en champ libre), les coefficients de Poisson et d’amortissement.
Einfluss des Wetters auf den Schlaganfall
Authors: Treib Sebastian , Adler Werner , Gröschel Klaus , Binder Andreas , Treib Philipp , Morgenthaler Martin , Lohmann Lynn , Treib Johanna , Faßbender Klaus , Treib Johannes 
Published: November 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Hintergrund Der Klimawandel betont die Notwendigkeit, den Einfluss des Wetters auf zerebrovaskuläre Ereignisse näher zu untersuchen. Die Studienergebnisse sind jedoch teilweise widersprüchlich. Mögliche Ursachen sind eine Studiendurchführung in unterschiedlichen Klimazonen sowie das Multiple Testproblem.
Methode 64 148 Schlaganfallpatienten wurden an den überregionalen Stroke Units in Homburg, Kaiserslautern, Mainz und Saarbrücken analysiert. Die korrespondierenden Wetterdaten wurden vom Deutschen Wetterdienst zur Verfügung gestellt. Die Beschreibung des Patientenkollektivs, der Abhängigkeit der Anzahl der Schlaganfälle von Wochentag/Monat/Jahreszeit sowie die Beschreibung des Zusammenhangs der verschiedenen Wetterfaktoren und Schlaganfälle erfolgt mittels deskriptiver Statistik. Die Bestimmung saisonaler Einflüsse wurde mittels konditionaler Poisson-Modelle innerhalb von Distributed Lag Linear/Non-Linear Models (DLM/DLNM) und einfachen Kruskal-Wallis Tests untersucht.
Ergebnisse An allen Standorten zeigte sich ein deutlicher Trend hin zu einer geringeren Schlaganfallwahrscheinlichkeit bei höheren Temperaturen. Eine hohe relative Luftfeuchtigkeit sowie Niederschlag erhöhten das Schlaganfallrisiko durchgängig zumindest tendenziell. Am Wochenende war die Schlaganfallrate an allen Standorten hochsignifikant niedriger.
Schlussfolgerung Die Analyse der Schlaganfalldaten von 4 vergleichbaren Krankenhäusern ist eine geeignete Methode zur Reduktion des Multiplen Testproblems. Das Schlaganfallrisiko wird durch höhere Temperaturen leicht gesenkt, während hohe Luftfeuchtigkeit und Niederschlag es geringgradig erhöhen. Der Einfluss des Wetters ist in Deutschland insgesamt niedriger als der Einfluss der Wochentage.
Muscle Forces and Articular Loading Following In Vitro Total Wrist Arthroplasty
Authors: Norman Elizabeth , Lalone Emily , Kadar Assaf , Suh Nina , Langohr G Daniel G. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTotal wrist arthroplasty (TWA) is a surgical option for individuals with end-stage wrist arthritis; however, their longevity remains below that of the hip and the knee. The objective of this study was to examine the muscle forces and articular loading patterns following TWA to better understand possible failure modes. Eight cadaveric specimens underwent active motion simulation representing planar flexion–extension and planar radial/ulnar deviation in both intact and TWA reconstructed states using a custom load sensing TWA. Results showed that muscle forces for extensors increased post-TWA implantation when extending the joint, whereas the flexors remain relatively unchanged. In addition, the articular loading was greater during extension than during flexion and during ulnar deviation than during radial deviation. The increase in muscle forces and high carpal component loading postimplantation may contribute to decreased longevity and early failure of implants.
Valuing the 'neighbourhood': Responding to Racialised Post-War Development in Slave Island, Colombo
Authors: Basu Ipshita , Hettiarachchi Radhika 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article explores how Slave Island, a neighbourhood in Colombo, Sri Lanka, responds to upheaval in a context of post-war urban transformation that masks undertones of racialisation. Through life histories of Slave Island’s multigenerational residents, we offer fresh insights into how communities navigate the uncertainty and disruption of evictions, where besides material and economic infrastructure, communities repurpose differences and commonalities built on lineage and place-memory, to (re)negotiate their ‘borders’ as they interact with ‘outsiders’. By adapting the internal and external boundaries of their community and its members, they find creative methods of positioning themselves to access development dividends in how they understand and utilise notions of ‘value’—instrumental, commercial and intrinsic. In this way, we show that raced interventions are not simply experienced as subordination but are repurposed transactionally by affected communities for negotiating their agentive power over distribution of development dividends.
Directly measured electrocaloric heat in multilayer capacitors of lead scandium tantalate
Authors: Farenkov V. , Zhang J. , Nair B. , Guo M. , Moya X. , Hirose S. , Mathur N. D. 
Published: November 2024

Isothermal electrocaloric (EC) heat is a key—but rarely reported—parameter for cooling applications. Here, we employ calorimetry with large-area Peltiers (10 × 10 mm2) to study a multilayer capacitor (MLC) of well-ordered PbSc0.5Ta0.5O3 (PST) with a first-order ferroelectric phase transition. Our direct measurements of isothermal EC heat are consistent with complementary EC measurements of similar MLCs that display large EC effects, i.e., indirect EC measurements and direct measurements of adiabatic EC temperature change [Nair et al., Nature 575, 468 (2019)]. Using a field of 7.9 V μm−1, the EC heat associated with the electrically active PST peaks at 11 MJ m−3 near 300 K. At higher temperatures, as one approaches the critical point, the transition is seen to become less first order. Separately, we find that the inactive PST compromises quasi-direct EC measurements. In the future, isothermal EC heat should be directly measured as a matter of routine.
Image retrievable encryption based on linear fitting and orthogonal transformation
Authors: Yang Yu-Guang , Zhang Shao-Ming , Jiang Dong-Hua , Liao Xin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
With the development of cloud computing, an increasing number of resource-constrained image owners tend to store their images in the cloud and rely on image retrieval services to obtain the images they desire. However, the security of the cloud cannot be fully guaranteed. To ensure image security while achieving good retrieval performance, we have designed a retrievable image encryption algorithm based on linear fitting and orthogonal transformation. This algorithm first generates encryption and feature extraction domains through orthogonal decomposition, and then applies a modified ResNet50 network for feature extraction in the feature extraction domain. The encryption process employs an improved affine transformation based on linear fitting, where part of the fitting values comes from the original image data and the other part comes from data generated by a chaotic system. Additionally, to simplify the measurement of feature similarity in the cloud, we have designed a hierarchical feature index tree to narrow the retrieval scope, thereby reducing retrieval complexity. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm effectively protects image privacy and achieves high retrieval accuracy. The F-score reached 6.7634% on the Ghim10k dataset and 25.514% on the Corel 1K dataset, significantly improving upon traditional methods. This algorithm has potential application value in the fields of secure image storage and efficient retrieval in the cloud.
Numerical solution of time-dependent two-parameter singularly perturbed problems via Trigonometric Quintic B-spline collocation technique
Authors: Sangeetha C  , Aswin V S  , Awasthi Ashish 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper introduces a novel algorithm for solving time-dependent two-parameter singularly perturbed parabolic convection–diffusion-reaction equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The algorithm is formulated using the Crank-Nicolson (CN) scheme for the temporal derivative discretization. Then, the Trigonometric Quintic B-spline (TQBS) is applied to approximate the state variable and its spatial derivatives on nonuniform collocation points. We conducted a comprehensive convergence analysis and stability of the proposed method and proved that the scheme achieved a parameter-uniform convergence of approximately fourth order in space and second order in time. To make additional evidence to support the theoretical findings and further assess the proposed method, we implemented the numerical algorithm to solve three test examples. Furthermore, using these test examples, we demonstrated the parameter-uniform convergence of the proposed numerical scheme.