bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal variation of the capture and field distribution of sterile Anastrepha ludens in Tamaulipas, Mexico
Authors: Vanoye‐Eligio V. , Vázquez‐Sauceda M. L. , Chacón‐Hernández J. C. , Mora‐Ravelo S. G. , Rocandio‐Rodríguez M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAnastrepha ludens (Loew) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the most important citrus pest in Mexico. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is used against pest populations of fruit flies for suppression, eradication, containment and prevention to reduce damages in fruit‐growing areas. In this study, we analyzed the seasonal variation of captures and field distribution of sterile A. ludens released in different seasons of the year in north‐eastern Mexico. Chilled releases were conducted by air at constant densities per ha on a citrus area for a period of 32 weeks that included the coldest and warmest seasons that is winter, spring and summer. Multilure traps baited with torula yeast pellets were used to capture sterile flies. Fly capture data were compared over the three seasons and correlated with climate. The lowest number of captures of the sterile insect occurred in the summer and the highest in winter and spring. High and low temperatures were negatively correlated with fly captures. Field distribution was also negatively correlated with high temperatures in summer, but no relationships were observed in winter and spring. No relationships were observed between rainfall with capture and field distribution of sterile flies. These results indicate that summer is a season involving agro‐ecological and environmental constraints for the capture and field distribution of sterile flies. This study may be useful for enhancing release strategies and optimizing economic resources in north‐eastern Mexico. Further research on the behaviour of sterile flies under stressful environments is suggested.
Differences in teachers verbal responsiveness to groups of children with ASD who vary in cognitive and language abilities
Authors: Qian X. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to examine whether verbal responsiveness in special education teachers varied among subgroups of children with autism spectrum disorder (n = 112) who differed in cognitive and language abilities.MethodsParticipants were divided into clusters using cluster analysis based on standardised cognitive and language tests using k‐mean clustering. For each child, a 15‐min video of free play in school setting was collected. Three types of responsive utterances were coded: follow‐in directives for behaviour, follow‐in directives for language and follow‐in comments.ResultsResults showed that the three groups did not differ in overall verbal responsiveness after controlling for engagement, classroom type, age and gender. However, groups differ in follow‐in directives for language, but not in follow‐in directives for behaviours or follow‐in comments. Compared with children with autism spectrum disorder who had higher cognitive and language ability, children with more severe impairments received fewer follow‐in directives for language. Moreover, children with more cognitive and language impairments produced fewer amount of vocal/verbal acts, which results in receiving fewer verbal responses from their teachers. Additionally, teachers from the three groups did not differ in their responses to the child's verbal/vocal acts when the number of the child's verbal/vocal acts were controlled for.ConclusionFindings suggest child characteristics are related to the type of teachers' verbal responses in preschools. This difference in follow‐in directives for questions may be related to language or other outcomes that warrant further investigations.
The efficacy of serum brain natriuretic peptide for the early detection of portopulmonary hypertension in biliary atresia patients before liver transplantation
Authors: Yoshimaru Koichiro , Matsuura Toshiharu , Takahashi Yoshiaki , Yanagi Yusuke , Nagata Hazumu , Ohga Shouichi , Taguchi Tomoaki 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSevere portopulmonary hypertension (POPH) is a contraindication for liver transplantation (LT) because of the high risk of postoperative heart failure. The early detection of POPH is important for patients with biliary atresia (BA). Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is known to be correlated with liver fibrosis in patients with liver cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to elucidate the efficacy of BNP measurement for the follow‐up of patients with BA. Thirty‐two patients with BA were identified from September 2011 to December 2016. As indices of liver fibrosis/cirrhosis, APRI (P < .0001), FIB‐4 (P < .0001), Child‐Pugh score (P < .0001), IV collagen (P = .0005), and hyaluronic acid (P = .0291) had high or moderate correlations with BNP. Patients with splenomegaly, esophageal varices, liver fibrosis, and collateral veins had significantly higher BNP levels than those without. Patients diagnosed with POPH had significantly higher BNP levels in comparison with those patients without (P = .0068). In contrast, PELD/MELD scores showed an almost negligible correlation with the BNP level. LT was successful in 3 asymptomatic BA patients with POPH who had high BNP levels despite the low PELD/MELD scores. In conclusion, routine serum BNP surveillance can be easy to predict asymptomatic POPH. This may help to identify POPH before it reaches a stage that would contraindicate LT.
The prognostic value of urinary chemokines at 6 months after pediatric kidney transplantation
Authors: Mockler Claire , Sharma Atul , Gibson Ian W. , Gao Ang , Wong Alexander , Ho Julie , Blydt‐Hansen Tom D. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPediatric kidney transplantation is lifesaving, but long‐term allograft survival is still limited by injury processes mediated by alloimmune inflammation that may otherwise be clinically silent. Chemokines associated with alloimmune inflammation may offer prognostic value early post‐transplant by identifying patients at increased risk of poor graft outcomes. We conducted a single‐center prospective cohort study of consecutive pediatric kidney transplant recipients (<19 years). Urinary CCL2 and CXCL10 measured at 6 months post‐transplant were evaluated for association with long‐term eGFR decline, allograft survival, and concomitant acute cellular rejection histology. Thirty‐eight patients with a mean age of 12.4 ± 4.6 years were evaluated. Urinary CCL2 was associated with eGFR decline until 6 months (ρ −0.43; P < .01), but not at later time points. Urinary CXCL10 was associated with eGFR decline at 36 months (ρ −0.49; P < .01), risk of 50% eGFR decline (HR = 1.04; P = .02), risk of allograft loss (HR = 1.05; P = .01), borderline rejection or rejection episodes 6‐12 months post‐transplant (r .41; P = .02), and Banff i + t score (r .47, P < .01). CCL2 and CXCL10 were also correlated with one another (ρ 0.54; P < .01). CCL2 and CXCL10 provide differing, but complementary, information that may be useful for early non‐invasive prognostic testing in pediatric kidney transplant recipients.
The importance of qualitative and quantitative regional wall motion abnormality assessment at rest in pediatric coronary allograft vasculopathy
Authors: Dedieu Nathalie , Silva Vieira Miguel , Fenton Matthew , Wong James , Botnar Rene , Burch Michael , Greil Gerald , Hussain Tarique 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCAV remains one of the main limiting factors for survival in children after heart transplantation. In this study, we explored the incremental value of routine CMR for evaluation and detection of CAV using qualitative and quantitative analysis of regional and global myocardial function and strain. This was a prospective imaging biomarker validation trial. Twenty‐two patients (11 male), aged between 10 and 17 years (median 14 years) post‐heart transplantation, were prospectively enrolled and underwent CMR in addition to their biennial review workup with Echo, angiography, and IVUS. Nine healthy control patients were enrolled to undergo CMR alone. Echo was used to analyze WMAs and systolic function. CMR images were analyzed qualitatively for RWMA and quantitatively for volumetric analysis, S and SR. All results were compared to IVUS and angiography assessments. Qualitatively, CMR detected RWMA corresponding to angiographic disease in 3 patients that were not detected on Echo. However, quantitative strain analysis suggested RWMA in an extra 9 patients. Detection of regional wall motion abnormality using quantitative strain analysis was associated with a higher mean stenosis grade (P=.04) and reduced graft survival (P=.04) compared to those with no quantitative wall motion abnormality. Overall, only longitudinal stain was abnormal in patients compared with controls, but there was no correlation between any of the global indices of S or SR and IVUS measurements. CMR is more sensitive than Echo for the visual detection of significant WMAs. Quantitative CMR strain analysis at rest may give additional information to discriminate those at greatest risk.
Environmental Inequities and Water Policy During a Drought: Burdened Communities, Minority Residents, and Cutback Assignments
Authors: Wikstrom Kristoffer , Miller Trisha , Campbell Heather E. , Tschudi Michael 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn 2014 the California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA) released CalEnviroScreen 2.0, developed to identify communities facing “multiple burdens of pollution and socioeconomic disadvantage” (CalEnviroScreen FAQs, 2016). Contemporaneously, California was suffering a severe drought. CalEPA implemented emergency water cutbacks such that community allowances ranged from approximately 70%–430% of the U.S. average for water consumption. Decades of research find that racial and ethnic minorities face greater environmental burdens than others. Did the CalEPA cutbacks disproportionately affect already burdened communities or those with higher percentages of minorities? Using geographic information systems and spatial regression analysis, we find that the water cutbacks did not, ceteris paribus, further stress already burdened communities, but communities with a more significant percentage of Hispanics are estimated to receive lower water allowances even controlling for poverty. This research broadens the areas in which we can look for environmental (in)justice beyond standard dis/amenities, and implies that even intra‐organizational policy goals of reducing environmental justice burdens may not be enough.
How patient participation is constructed in mental health care: a grounded theory study
Authors: Jørgensen Kim , Rendtorff Jacob Dahl , Holen Mari 
Published: May 2018

AimThe aim of the study was to explore how patient participation is constructed in social interaction processes between nurses, other health professionals and service users, and which structures provide a framework for the participation of service users in a psychiatric context?Methodological designTen tape‐recorded interviews of nurses and observations of interactions between nurses, other health professionals and service users reflected differing constructed views of patient participation. Charmaz's interpretation of the grounded theory method was used, and the data were analysed using constant comparative analysis.Ethical issues and approvalThe study was designed in accordance with the ethical principles of the Helsinki Declaration (1) and Danish law (2). Each study participant in the two psychiatric departments gave informed consent after verbal and written information.FindingsThe articulation of patient participation emphasises the challenge between, on the one side, orientations of ethical care, and, on the other, paternalism and biomedicine. The core category was generated from four inter‐related categories: (i) taking care of the individual needs; (ii) the service user as expert; and (iii) biomedicine, and (iv) paternalism, and their 13 subcategories.ConclusionsThis study illuminates the meaning of patient participation in a psychiatric context based on social interaction between nurses, other health professionals and service users. This can contribute to dealing with the challenges of incorporating patient participation as an ideology in all service users in a psychiatric context and is therefore important knowledge for health professionals.
Wild waterfowl as potential vectors of Vibrio cholerae and Aeromonas species
Authors: Laviad‐Shitrit Sivan , Izhaki Ido , Arakawa Eiji , Halpern Malka 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo study the hypothesis that migratory waterfowl are possible disseminators of Vibrio cholerae and Aeromonas.MethodsWe monitored the presence of V. cholerae and Aeromonas in three wild waterfowl species.ResultsV. cholerae and Aeromonas species were isolated and identified from intestine samples of little egrets and black‐crowned night herons. Only Aeromonas species were isolated from black‐headed gulls. The majority of Aeromonas isolates were A. veronii. Twenty‐three V. cholerae serogroups were identified. V. cholerae serogroup O1 was found in the intestine DNA extractions from four little egrets and black‐crowned night herons; six birds carried cholera toxin subunit A gene.ConclusionWild waterfowl species may carry pathogenic V. cholerae O1 and non‐O1 serogroups and Aeromonas species in their intestine. The migration of waterfowl is a potential mechanism for global distribution of V. cholerae and Aeromonas.
Complex mammary carcinoma with metastases to lymph nodes, subcutaneous tissue, and multiple joints in a dog
Authors: McCourt Maggie R. , Dieterly Alexandra M. , Mackey Paige E. , Lyon Shane D. , Rizzi Theresa E. , Ritchey Jerry W. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAn 8‐year‐old, intact female, mixed‐breed dog presented to the Oklahoma State University Boren Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital for evaluation of progressive lameness and joint effusion of multiple joints. Physical examination revealed joint effusion of the elbow, hock, and stifle joints bilaterally, enlarged left axillary and right popliteal lymph nodes, a subcutaneous mass over the left elbow, and a subcutaneous mass involving the left second and third mammary glands. Cytologic examination of the mammary mass, enlarged lymph nodes, and joint fluid from most affected joints revealed a monomorphic population of loosely cohesive neoplastic epithelial cells. The patient was humanely euthanized, and subsequent necropsy with histopathologic examination revealed a complex mammary carcinoma with metastases to enlarged lymph nodes, subcutaneous tissue over the left elbow, and the synovium of multiple joints. Immunohistochemical stains were performed and showed diffusely positive pan cytokeratin, CK8/18, and CK19 staining in the neoplastic luminal epithelial cells of the mammary carcinoma, synovium, and lymph nodes, and showed diffusely positive vimentin staining of the myoepithelial cells. Myoepithelial calponin positivity was diffuse in the mammary mass and lymph nodes but minimal in the synovium. Only the mammary mass showed p63 positivity. Metastatic mammary neoplasia is relatively common in dogs; however, metastasis to the synovium has only been reported once previously in the literature. This is the first case utilizing immunohistochemistry for confirmation and characterization of metastases.
Lifting the veil on the government’s regulatory agenda for the social work profession in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Randal Howard 
Published: May 2018

INTRODUCTION: The article discusses the two contrasting agendas evident when statutory registration for social workers in Aotearoa New Zealand was introduced in 2003 – that of the professional association and that of the government.METHOD: The approach taken draws on a longitudinal research study of the aspirations for statutory registration held by a sample of members of the Aotearoa New Zealand Association of Social Workers (ANZSW). In addition, the motives behind the professionalisation strategy introduced by the principal government social work service are examined and analysed applying Foucault’s concept of governmentality.FINDINGS: The qualitative analysis of the data shows that the profession, although aspiring to having some role in statutory registration, also held concerns about its implications. By way of contrast, the professionalisation strategy adopted by the government social work service shows it was driven by public service performance, fiscal and risk management imperatives.CONCLUSIONS: The application of the Foucauldian theory of governmentality to the data and findings shows that the introduction of statutory registration is a manifestation of the managerial and statutory controls adopted by government and a means of governmentality. This has resulted in the government holding the upper hand in providing public accountability for social work practice thereby perpetuating its hold over the profession with the risk that the ANZASW is left in its wake.
Maximizing Growth Yield and Dispersal via Quorum Sensing Promotes Cooperation in Vibrio Bacteria
Authors: Bruger Eric L. , Waters Christopher M. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTQuorum sensing (QS) is a form of bacterial chemical communication that regulates cellular phenotypes, including certain cooperative behaviors, in response to environmental and demographic changes. Despite the existence of proposed mechanisms that stabilize QS against defector exploitation, it is unclear if or how QS cooperators can proliferate in some model systems in populations mostly consisting of defectors. We predicted that growth in fragmented subpopulations could allow QS cooperators to invade a QS defector population. This could occur despite cooperators having lower relative fitnesses than defectors due to favored weighting of genotypes that produce larger populations of bacteria. Mixed metapopulations ofVibrioQS-proficient or unconditional cooperators and QS defectors were diluted and fragmented into isolated subpopulations in an environment that requires QS-regulated public good production to achieve larger population yields. Under these conditions, we observed global invasions of both cooperator genotypes into populations composed of primarily defectors. This spatially dependent increase in cooperator frequency was replicated for QS cooperators when mixed populations were competed in soft agar motility plates under conditions that allowed cooperators to disperse and outcompete defectors at the population edge, despite being less motile in isolation than defectors. These competition results show that the coordinated growth and dispersal of QS cooperators to additional resources is heavily favored in comparison to unconditional cooperation, and that dispersal of cooperators by motility into new environments, examined here in laboratory populations, constitutes a key mechanism for maintaining QS-regulated cooperation in the face of defection.IMPORTANCEBehaviors that are cooperative in nature are at risk of exploitation by cheating and are thus difficult to maintain by natural selection alone. While bacterial cell-cell communication, known as quorum sensing (QS), can stabilize microbial cooperative behaviors and is widespread inVibriospecies, it is unclear how QS can increase the frequency of cooperative strains in the presence of defectors without additional mechanisms. In this study, we demonstrate under multiple conditions that QS-mediated cooperation can increase in populations ofVibriostrains when cells experience narrow population bottlenecks or disperse from defectors. This occurred for both conditional cooperation mediated by QS and for unconditional cooperation, although conditional cooperators were better able to stabilize cooperation over a much wider range of conditions. Thus, we observed that population structuring allowed for assortment of competing genotypes and promoted cooperation via kin selection in microbes in a QS-dependent manner.
Two
dd
-Carboxypeptidases from Mycobacterium smegmatis Affect Cell Surface Properties through Regulation of Peptidoglycan Cross-Linking and Glycopeptidolipids
Authors: Pandey Satya Deo , Pal Shilpa , Kumar N Ganesh , Bansal Ankita , Mallick Sathi , Ghosh Anindya S. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

During the peptidoglycan (PG) maturation of mycobacteria, the glycan strands are interlinked by both 3-3 (between two
meso
-diaminopimelic acids [
meso
-DAPs]) and 4-3 cross-links (between
d
-Ala and
meso
-DAP), though there is a predominance (60 to 80%) of 3-3 cross-links. The
dd
-carboxypeptidases (
dd
-CPases) act on pentapeptides to generate tetrapeptides that are used by
ld
-transpeptidases as substrates to form 3-3 cross-links. Therefore,
dd
-CPases play a crucial role in mycobacterial PG cross-link formation. However, the physiology of
dd
-CPases in mycobacteria is relatively unexplored. In this study, we deleted two
dd
-CPase genes,
msmeg_2433
and
msmeg_2432
, both individually and in combination, from
Mycobacterium smegmatis
mc
2
155. Though the single
dd
-CPase gene deletions had no significant impact on the mycobacterial physiology, many interesting functional alterations were observed in the double-deletion mutant,
viz
., a predominance in PG cross-link formation was shifted from 3-3 cross-links to 4-3, cell surface glycopeptidolipid (GPL) expression was reduced, and susceptibility to β-lactams and antitubercular agents was enhanced. Moreover, the survival rate of the double mutant within murine macrophages was higher than that of the parent. Interestingly, the complementation with any one of the
dd
-CPase genes could restore the wild-type phenotype. In a nutshell, we infer that the altered ratio of 4-3 to 3-3 PG cross-links might have influenced the expression of surface GPLs, colony morphology, biofilm formation, drug susceptibility, and subsistence of the cells within macrophages.

IMPORTANCE
The glycan strands in mycobacterial peptidoglycan (PG) are interlinked by both 3-3 and 4-3 cross-links. The
dd
-CPases generate tetrapeptides by acting on the pentapeptides, and
ld
-transpeptidases use tetrapeptides as substrates to form 3-3 cross-links. In this study, we showed that simultaneous deletions of two
dd
-CPases alter the nature of PG cross-linking from 3-3 cross-links to 4-3 cross-links. The deletions subsequently decrease the expression of glycopeptidolipids (significant surface lipid present in many nontuberculous mycobacteria, including
Mycobacterium smegmatis
) and affect other physiological parameters, like cell morphology, growth rate, biofilm formation, antibiotic susceptibility, and survival within murine macrophages. Thus, unraveling the physiology of
dd
-CPases might help us design antimycobacterial therapeutics in the future.