bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful Intravenous Thrombolysis of a Wake-Up Stroke with Underlying Valvular Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Shahedah KK , Khoo CS , Nafisah WY Wan Nur , Ng CF , Ashikin I Noor , Naim MY Mohd , Sharis O Syazarina , Rozman Z , Asyraf WZ Wan 
Published: September 2018

Abstract A 42-year-old female admitted with new-onset atrial fibrillation had a wake-up stroke on the high-dependency unit and the time last seen well (TLSW) was 6.5 h. She suffered left-sided body weakness and her National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 17. An emergency CT perfusion showed right M1 segment occlusion with more than 50% penumbra. She was given recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) at 9 h from TLSW. An immediate diagnostic angiogram with intention to treat, owing to the presence of large vessel occlusion, showed complete reperfusion after intravenous r-tPA. She was discharged with NIHSS of 2, and at 3-month follow up her Modified Rankin Scale was 0. We demonstrated a successful reperfusion and excellent clinical recovery with intravenous thrombolysis in a patient who presented with a wake-up stroke with underlying valvular atrial fibrillation despite evidence of large vessel occlusion.
It Must be True … I Read it in the Tabloids
Authors: Yip SY , Namah D , Cook R , Isles C 
Published: September 2018

Background Previous attempts to improve the quality of health journalism have not led to more responsible reporting of health news. Method We reviewed the front pages of three daily tabloid and three daily broadsheet UK newspapers during a 1 month period in 2017 for medical headlines in which claims were made for diets, lifestyle behaviours or drug therapies that influence health. Results Front page medical headlines were carried by the Daily Express (11), Daily Mail (two), Daily Mirror (one) and Daily Telegraph (one). Neither the Guardian nor the Independent carried medical stories on their front pages during the period of study. Eleven headlines suggested benefits and three suggested harm. One headline accurately reflected its source material, but in this instance the source material was of doubtful clinical relevance. The remaining 13 headlines either exaggerated benefit (seven), exaggerated harm (two) or made false claims (four). Conclusions The cumulative effect of everyday misreporting of medical stories in UK newspapers may not only serve to confuse the public but also have serious consequences for public health.
Stratospheric aerosol radiative forcing simulated by the chemistry climate model EMAC using Aerosol CCI satellite data
Authors: Brühl Christoph , Schallock Jennifer , Klingmüller Klaus , Robert Charles , Bingen Christine , Clarisse Lieven , Heckel Andreas , North Peter , Rieger Landon 
Published: September 2018

Abstract. This paper presents decadal simulations of stratospheric and tropospheric
aerosol and its radiative effects by the chemistry general circulation model
EMAC constrained with satellite observations in the framework of the ESA
Aerosol CCI project such as GOMOS (Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of
Stars) and (A)ATSR ((Advanced) Along Track Scanning Radiometer) on the
ENVISAT (European Environmental Satellite), IASI (Infrared Atmospheric
Sounding Interferometer) on MetOp (Meteorological Operational Satellite),
and, additionally, OSIRIS (Optical Spectrograph and InfraRed Imaging System).
In contrast to most other studies, the extinctions and optical depths from
the model are compared to the observations at the original wavelengths of the
satellite instruments covering the range from the UV (ultraviolet) to
terrestrial IR (infrared). This avoids conversion artifacts and provides
additional constraints for model aerosol and interpretation of the
observations. MIPAS (Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding) SO2 limb
measurements are used to identify plumes of more than 200 volcanic eruptions.
These three-dimensional SO2 plumes are added to the model SO2 at the
eruption times. The interannual variability in aerosol extinction in the
lower stratosphere, and of stratospheric aerosol radiative forcing at the
tropopause, is dominated by the volcanoes. To explain the seasonal cycle of
the GOMOS and OSIRIS observations, desert dust simulated by a new approach
and transported to the lowermost stratosphere by the Asian summer monsoon and
tropical convection turns out to be essential. This also applies to the
radiative heating by aerosol in the lowermost stratosphere. The existence of
wet dust aerosol in the lowermost stratosphere is indicated by the patterns
of the wavelength dependence of extinction in observations and simulations.
Additional comparison with (A)ATSR total aerosol optical depth at different
wavelengths and IASI dust optical depth demonstrates that the model is able
to represent stratospheric as well as tropospheric aerosol consistently.
Perioperative Protocol for Elective Spine Surgery Is Associated With Reduced Length of Stay and Complications
Authors: Sivaganesan Ahilan , Wick Joseph B. , Chotai Silky , Cherkesky Christy , Stephens Byron F. , Devin Clinton J. 
Published: September 2018

Introduction:
Healthcare reform places emphasis on maximizing the value of care.

Methods:
A prospective registry was used to analyze outcomes before (1,596 patients) and after (151 patients) implementation of standardized, evidence-based order sets for six high-impact dimensions of perioperative care for all patients who underwent elective surgery for degenerative spine disease after July 1, 2015.

Results:
Apart from symptom duration, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease prevalence, estimated blood loss, and baseline Oswestry Disability Index, no significant differences existed between pre- and post-protocol cohorts. No differences in readmissions, discharge status, or 3-month patient-reported outcomes were seen. Multivariate regression analyses demonstrated reduced length of stay (P = 0.013) and odds of 90-day complications (P = 0.009) for postprotocol patients.

Conclusion:
Length of stay and 90-day complications for elective spine surgery improved after implementation of an evidence-based perioperative protocol. Standardization efforts can improve quality and reduce costs, thereby improving the value of spine care.

Level of Evidence:
Level III (retrospective review of prospectively collected data)
Equivalency of beam scan data collection using a 1D tank and automated couch movements to traditional 3D tank measurements
Authors: Knutson Nels C. , Schmidt Matthew C. , Belley Matthew D. , Nguyen Ngoc , Price Michael , Mutic Sasa , Sajo Erno , Li H. Harold 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis work shows the feasibility of collecting linear accelerator beam data using just a 1‐D water tank and automated couch movements with the goal to maximize the cost effectiveness in resource‐limited clinical settings. Two commissioning datasets were acquired: (a) using a standard of practice 3D water tank scanning system (3DS) and (b) using a novel technique to translate a commercial TG‐51 complaint 1D water tank via automated couch movements (1DS). The Extensible Markup Language (XML) was used to dynamically move the linear accelerator couch position (and thus the 1D tank) during radiation delivery for the acquisition of inline, crossline, and diagonal profiles. Both the 1DS and 3DS datasets were used to generate beam models (BM1DS and BM3DS) in a commercial treatment planning system (TPS). 98.7% of 1DS measured points had a gamma value (2%/2 mm) < 1 when compared with the 3DS. Static jaw defined field and dynamic MLC field dose distribution comparisons for the TPS beam models BM1DS and BM3DS had 3D gamma values (2%/2 mm) < 1 for all 24,900,000 data points tested and >99.5% pass rate with gamma value (1%/1 mm) < 1. In conclusion, automated couch motions and a 1D scanning tank were used to collect commissioning beam data with accuracy comparable to traditionally acquired data using a 3D scanning system. TPS beam models generated directly from 1DS measured data were clinically equivalent to a model derived from 3DS data.
3D Selenium Sulfide@Carbon Nanotube Array as Long‐Life and High‐Rate Cathode Material for Lithium Storage
Authors: Fan Hai‐Ning , Chen Shan‐Liang , Chen Xiao‐Hua , Tang Qun‐Li , Hu Ai‐Ping , Luo Wen‐Bin , Liu Hua‐Kun , Dou Shi‐Xue 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA 3D selenium sulfide@carbon nanotube array is designed and synthesized by encapsulating and anchoring a large amount of selenium sulfide (SexS8−x) into boron‐ and nitrogen‐codoped vertically aligned carbon nanotubes. Successfully employed as cathode material for the lithium metal battery, it exhibits long cycling lifetime and high rate capability with high energy density. Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes can not only enable fast migration to realize excellent rate capability and efficient utilization of the SexS8−x loaded inside, but also provide optimal unidirectional void space to significantly reduce volumetric expansion and the polysulfide shuttling phenomenon during the cycling process. Meanwhile, the graphene layers decorated by element doping and held together by COOH‐ and OH‐enriched poly(acrylic acid) binder can efficiently consolidate SexS8−x molecules inside the carbon nanotubes and prevent the separation of the active materials from the current collector during long‐term cycling. Benefiting from these features, the composite presents optimal cycling performance with a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 96% and a high reversible capacity of 818 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles at a current density of 500 mA g−1. This composite thus represents one of the most promising cathode materials that can give the lithium metal battery long cycle life and remarkable power density.
Combustion Fabrication of Nanoporous Graphene for Ionic Separation Membranes
Authors: Li Zhan , Zhang Xin , Tan Hongxin , Qi Wei , Wang Li , Ali Mohammad Chand , Zhang Haijuan , Chen Jia , Hu Peizhuo , Fan Chunhai , Qiu Hongdeng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPorous graphene membranes hold great promise for high‐selectivity separation. Moreover, their practical application is limited by the lack of a simple and efficient method for the synthesis of porous graphene. Here, a rapid and scalable method is developed for the synthesis of porous graphene via partial combustion of graphene oxide imperfectly covered by hydrotalcite. This method is not only less energy‐ and time‐intensive than existing ones, but also allows precise control of pore size. Remarkably, the resulting membrane of porous graphene exhibits high selectivity for K+ and Na+ (α = 3.84) separation. Hence, this facile route for preparing membranes of porous graphene oxide might direct application membranes in environmental, energy, desalination, and biomedical fields.
[4+1] Cycloaddition of Enaminothiones and Aldehyde N‐Tosylhydrazones Toward 3‐Aminothiophenes
Authors: Liu Zhuqing , Wu Ping , He Yuan , Yang Ting , Yu Zhengkun 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAn efficient protocol toward trisubstituted 3‐aminothiophenes has been developed through a [4+1] cycloaddition of enaminothiones and aldehyde N‐tosylhydrazones under transition‐metal‐free conditions. 3‐Aminothiophene derivatives as well as their chiral analogs were obtained in good to excellent yields. Direct interaction of the enaminothiones with the diazo compounds of α‐carbonyl or ester group‐functionalized aldehydes also efficiently afforded the same type of 3‐aminothiophenes. The diversity of the synthetic methodology has been demonstrated by the broad substrate scopes and excellent chemoselectivity in cleavage of the C−S, C−O, and C−N bonds in enaminothiones.magnified image
Unveiling Electrocaloric Potential of Antiferroelectrics with Phase Competition
Authors: Kingsland Maggie , Lisenkov Sergey , Ponomareva Inna 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCurrently, the electrocaloric effect (ECE) is considered for applications in solid‐state refrigeration. Direct semi‐classical first‐principles‐based simulation to the case of ultra‐thin PbZrO3 films in order to unveil the unusual electrocaloric potential of antiferroelectrics with phase competition are applied. Strong enhancement of the ECE in the vicinity of the antiferroelectric–ferroelectric phase transition, the coexistence of electric‐field tunable positive and negative ECE in antiferroelectrics, and a large ECE in the vicinity of lossless antipolar–polar phase transitions are predicted. Direct simulations demonstrate that phase switching, which occurs with hysteretic losses, gives rise to the irreversible heating which is explained using basic thermodynamics. A refrigeration cycle that tames the irreversible heating is proposed, tested in direct simulations, and found to outperform the conventional cycle based on fully reversible processes. Furthermore, direct simulations reveal critical misconceptions in the application of the controversial indirect approach to the case of ferroics with electric hysteresis. The route to overcoming the uncertainties with this dominant ECE investigation approach is proposed.
The female ancestor's tale: Long‐term matrilineal continuity in a nonisolated region of Tuscany
Authors: Leonardi Michela , Sandionigi Anna , Conzato Annalisa , Vai Stefania , Lari Martina , Tassi Francesca , Ghirotto Silvia , Caramelli David , Barbujani Guido 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectivesWith the advent of ancient DNA analyses, it has been possible to disentangle the contribution of ancient populations to the genetic pool of the modern inhabitants of many regions. Reconstructing the maternal ancestry has often highlighted genetic continuity over several millennia, but almost always in isolated areas. Here we analyze North‐western Tuscany, a region that was a corridor of exchanges between Central Italy and the Western Mediterranean coast.Materials and methodsWe newly obtained mitochondrial HVRI sequences from 28 individuals, and after gathering published data, we collected genetic information for 119 individuals from the region. Those span five periods during the last 5,000 years: Prehistory, Etruscan age, Roman age, Renaissance, and Present‐day. We used serial coalescent simulations in an approximate Bayesian computation framework to test for continuity between the mentioned groups.ResultsOur analyses always favor continuity over discontinuity for all groups considered, with the Etruscans being part of the genealogy. Moreover, the posterior distributions of the parameters support very small female effective population sizes.ConclusionsThe observed signals of long‐term genetic continuity and isolation are in contrast with the history of the region, conquered several times (Etruscans, Romans, Lombards, and French). While the Etruscans appear as a local population, intermediate between the prehistoric and the other samples, we suggest that the other conquerors—arriving from far—had a consistent social or sex bias, hence only marginally affecting the maternal lineages. At the same time, our results show that long‐term genealogical continuity is not necessarily linked to geographical isolation.
Comparing apples and oranges: Why infant bone collagen may not reflect dietary intake in the same way as dentine collagen
Authors: Beaumont Julia , Atkins Elizabeth‐Craig , Buckberry Jo , Haydock Hannah , Horne Pennie , Howcroft Rachel , Mackenzie Kevin , Montgomery Janet 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectivesRecent developments in incremental dentine analysis allowing increased temporal resolution for tissues formed during the first 1,000 days of life have cast doubt on the veracity of weaning studies using bone collagen carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope ratio data from infants. Here, we compare published bone data from the well‐preserved Anglo‐Saxon site of Raunds Furnells, England, with co‐forming dentine from the same individuals, and investigate the relationship of these with juvenile stature. The high‐resolution isotope data recorded in dentine allow us to investigate the relationship of diet with juvenile stature during this critical period of life.Materials and methodsWe compare incremental dentine collagen δ13C and δ15N data to published bone collagen data for 18 juveniles and 5 female adults from Anglo Saxon Raunds Furnells alongside new data for juvenile skeletal and dental age. An improvement in the method by sampling the first 0.5 mm of the sub‐cuspal or sub‐incisal dentine allows the isotopic measurement of dentine formed in utero.Results and discussionδ13C profiles for both dentine and bone are similar and more robust than δ15N for estimating the age at which weaning foods are introduced. Our results suggest δ15N values from dentine can be used to evaluate the maternal/in utero diet and physiology during pregnancy, and that infant dentine profiles may reflect diet PLUS an element of physiological stress. In particular, bone collagen fails to record the same range of δ15N as co‐forming dentine, especially where growth is stunted, suggesting that infant bone collagen is unreliable for weaning studies.
Stability Assessment of Virgin Coconut Oil‐Based Emulsion Products
Authors: Khor Yih Phing , Koh Soo Peng , Long Kamariah , Chong Gun Hean , Tan Chin Ping 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn recent years, there has been dramatic growth in the market for virgin coconut oil (VCO). VCO, a promising functional food oil, has gained popularity and captured public attention worldwide. Two VCO‐based emulsion products were developed as a new nutritional food supplement with the aim of increasing the consumption of VCO. The stability of VCO‐based emulsion products was assessed during a storage period of 3 months to gauge the quality of the optimized VCO‐based emulsions. The particle‐size distributions of the VCO‐based emulsions remained stable throughout the 3‐month storage period at 25 and at 50°C. However, a slight increase in the particle sizes was observed in the VCO‐based emulsions samples after 2 months of storage at 4 °C. Nevertheless, phase separation did not occur in either of the VCO‐based emulsions products throughout the storage‐stability assessment period. No signs of microbial growth were detected in the emulsion products during the storage period. Furthermore, no significant changes in the free fatty acid contents of the emulsion products were observed during storage at 4 or 25°C throughout the storage period. The VCO‐based emulsion products possessed sufficient emulsion stability to withstand changes at different storage temperatures.
Plant‐wide optimization for gold hydrometallurgy based on the fuzzy qualitative model and interval number
Authors: Liu Yadong , Chang Yuqing , Niu Dapeng , Wang Fuli 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSince the difficulty of obtaining accurate online‐measurement of some key variables in hydrometallurgy plant‐wide production process causes that the quantitative models of some procedures are difficult to establish and the plant‐wide optimization based on quantitative model is difficult to realize, a plant‐wide optimization method based on interval numbers is proposed in this work. First, based on the information of expert knowledge and the experience of field workers, a fuzzy qualitative model is constructed, and outputs of the qualitative model are reasonably divided into multiple modes simultaneously. By analyzing the process properties, an optimal control problem for hydrometallurgy plant‐wide production process in the steady state is proposed to achieve process requirements which is to obtain the lowest cost of sodium cyanide and zinc as well as high gold quality. Then, by using interval numbers to represent the key variables that cannot be measured, an optimization method based on interval numbers is proposed for every output mode of the qualitative model. Finally, the hydrometallurgy process is carried in industrial simulation experiment. The results demonstrate that the proposed optimization scheme has much wider applicability than conventional optimization methods, especially for its improved performance of solving optimization problem with uncertainty.
Reversible Manipulation of Supramolecular Chirality using Host–Guest Dynamics between β‐Cyclodextrin and Alkyl Amines
Authors: Wang Xuejiao , Li Maodong , Song Pengbo , Lv Xiaolin , Liu Zhirong , Huang Jianbin , Yan Yun 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHost–guest interactions are widely employed in constructing responsive materials, although less is known to manipulate the chiral property of materials using such host–guest dynamics. With the supramolecular self‐assembly based on β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) and alkyl amines (CH3(CH2)n‐1NH2), we report that faster host–guest dynamics induces a dipole located above the cavity of β‐CD, whereas slower dynamics create in‐cavity dipole. These two scenarios correspond to negative and positive chiral signals, respectively. Considering that a larger fraction of amines facilitates faster exchange between the threaded and unthreaded amines, the chiral signal for the right‐handed helical ribbons can be manipulated simply by alternatively increasing the fraction of amines and β‐CD. Excitingly, enzyme responsive supramolecular chirality is obtained as a result of shifting the molar ratio by enzyme triggered hydrolysis of β‐CD. We expect that this strategy may open up an area of rationally designed chiral supramolecular materials based on host–guest chemistry.
Multi‐authority attribute‐based encryption scheme with constant‐size ciphertexts and user revocation
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Wu Faguo , Yao Wang , Wang Zhao , Wang Wenhua 
Published: September 2018

SummaryCiphertext‐policy attribute‐based encryption (CP‐ABE) is regarded as one of the most suitable technologies for data access control in cloud storage system. It gives data owners direct and flexible control on access policies. However, there still exists practicality concerns in CP‐ABE applications, for example, the key escrow problem, user revocability, and large ciphertext size. Considering these problems, we propose a multi‐authority attribute‐based encryption scheme with constant‐size ciphertexts and user revocation for threshold access policy in this paper. The security proof shows that the proposed scheme is selectively secure under the augmented multi‐sequence of exponents decisional Diffie‐Hellman assumption, and it also achieves forward security, backward security, and collusion‐resistance.
A new privacy‐preserving authentication protocol for anonymous web browsing
Authors: Yang Xu , Yi Xun , Khalil Ibrahim , Cui Hui , Yang Xuechao , Nepal Surya , Huang Xinyi , Zeng Yali 
Published: September 2018

SummaryAnonymous authentication technique receives wide attention in recent years since it can protect users' privacy. Anonymous web browsing refers to utilization of the World Wide Web that hides a user's personally identifiable information from the websites visited. Even if a user can hide the IP address and other physical information with anonymity programs such as Tor, the web server can always monitor the user on the basis of the identity. In this paper, we firstly give an overview and cryptanalysis on the protocol of Yang et al and point out the security weaknesses of their protocol. Then, we propose a new authentication protocol for anonymous web browsing. In the proposed protocol, we take the advantages of a pseudo identity mechanism and an identity‐based elliptic curve cryptography algorithm to achieve user anonymity, robust security, and high efficiency. The result of security analysis and performance evaluation indicate the feasibility and practicality of our proposed anonymous authentication protocol.