bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Levator Ani Deficiency and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 1 Year Postpartum: A Prospective Nested Case–Control Study
Authors: Jansson Markus Harry , Brismar Wendel Sophia , Rotstein Emilia 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveFirst, to assess whether levator ani deficiency (LAD) is associated with pelvic floor dysfunction 1 year postpartum, including urinary, vaginal and bowel symptoms; and second, to explore at what cut‐off of LAD score such pelvic floor dysfunction arises.DesignNested case–control study.SettingÖrebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.Population or SamplePrimiparous women 1 year after vaginal birth.MethodsThree‐dimensional endovaginal ultrasound assessment of the levator ani muscle; LAD score based on this ultrasound, and validated questions about pelvic floor dysfunction. Logistic regression models were used.Main Outcome MeasuresSymptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction associated with LAD.ResultsAltogether 190 women were included, 103 of whom were symptomatic cases and 87 asymptomatic controls. 53% in the case group, and 58% in the control group had a LAD score of 0. A greater LAD score was significantly associated with urinary incontinence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00–1.22) and vaginal laxity (aOR 1.14, 95% CI 1.03–1.25). The risk of urinary incontinence was increased when the LAD cut‐off score was set between ≥ 1 point and ≥ 4 points. The risk of vaginal laxity was increased when the cut‐off was set between ≥ 8 and ≥ 14 points.ConclusionsLAD was associated with both urinary incontinence and vaginal laxity. The risk of urinary incontinence increased already with minor LAD and defects of the most medial levator ani muscle portions normally supporting the midurethra may explain this increase.
Impact of ABCB1 single‐nucleotide variants on early, extremely severe neutropenia induced by paclitaxel/nanoparticle albumin‐bound paclitaxel in patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Maeda Akimitsu , Matsuo Keitaro , Ando Hitoshi , Morishige Jun‐ichi , Muro Kei , Uchida Kosaku , Tajika Masahiro 
Published: December 2024

AimsPaclitaxel and nanoparticle albumin‐bound (nab)‐paclitaxel can cause early, extremely severe neutropenia, occasionally leading to fatal outcomes. As paclitaxel is a substrate of P‐glycoprotein, this study aimed to investigate the impact of ABCB1 single‐nucleotide variants, which encode P‐glycoprotein, on early, extremely severe neutropenia in patients receiving paclitaxel/nab‐paclitaxel plus ramucirumab as second‐line therapy for unresectable advanced/recurrent gastric cancer.MethodsWe analysed patients treated at Aichi Cancer Center Hospital from January 2018 to August 2023, with DNA samples stored in the Cancer BioBank Aichi. The impact of ABCB1 variants T1236C (rs1128503), G2677T/A (rs2032582) and C3435T (rs1045642) on early, extremely severe neutropenia was examined. Neutropenia was defined as a decline in neutrophil count to <100/μL within 28 days of therapy initiation. Firth's logistic regression evaluated the association between the ABCB1 C3435T (rs1045642) TT genotype and early, extremely severe neutropenia, adjusted for age, sex, baseline neutrophil count, and serum albumin and aspartate aminotransferase levels.ResultsOf the 203 eligible patients, 5 (2%) experienced neutropenia with neutrophil counts of <100/μL. The odds ratio for neutrophil counts of <100/μL was 28.1 (95% confidence interval 2.8–283.3) in patients with the ABCB1 C3435T (rs1045642) TT genotype.ConclusionThe ABCB1 C3435T (rs1045642) TT genotype was significantly associated with early, extremely severe neutropenia in patients receiving paclitaxel/nab‐paclitaxel. Evaluating this genotype status may help predict those at increased risk for early, extremely severe neutropenia.
Hepatitis E virus infection after CAR T‐cell treatment: An important complication in patients already facing significant health challenges
Authors: Mallet Vincent , Torres Harrys A. 
Published: December 2024

Cancer patients with haematological malignancies are at risk for chronic hepatitis E virus infection following chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cell therapy. Strong clinical suspicion is essential for the early diagnosis and prompt treatment of this difficult‐to‐treat type of viral hepatitis.Commentary on: Schwarz et al. Chronic hepatitis E in a patient after CAR‐T cell treatment for diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma and rapid progression towards decompensated liver cirrhosis. Br J Haematol 2024 (Online ahead of print). doi: 10.1111/bjh.19892.
Optimizing China's economic performance through government hierarchy restructuring
Authors: Ain Qurat ul 
Published: December 2024

AbstractChina's Province‐managing‐county (PMC) reform policy aims to mitigate fiscal stress and augment expenditure autonomy for county governments by eradicating the subordinate fiscal relationship between prefectures and counties. The research augments the time‐varying difference‐in‐difference technique, utilizing a longitudinal dataset at the county level to examine the incentive effects of this reform on economic performance and local government policy decision. The empirical investigation divulges that the local fiscal incentives introduced by this reform through alleviating fiscal stress and providing expenditure autonomy significantly impact economic performance and influence local government policy decisions. The outcomes become more noticeable in economically developed regions and those characterized by enhanced institutional quality and reduced migration barriers. Additionally, the reform encourages counties to adopt a more proactive fiscal policy characterized by increased capital expenditure to promote economic performance while reducing expenditures on social security subsidies and administrative costs affirming that economic performance targets of county governments garbles the composition of public expenditure. These results support positing that a flattened hierarchical structure ameliorates delays in fiscal matters and facilitates communication across various levels of government in the context of improved institutional quality and reduced migration barriers however at the expense of reduced public expenditures. The findings additionally signifies that PMC policy reform become more incentivized in the political competition for economic performance.
Profiling Inter‐Specific and Inter‐Estuarine Variation in Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Across Two Recreational Fishing Havens
Authors: Taylor Matthew D. , Hughes Julian M. , Murphy Jeff , Ochwada‐Doyle Faith A. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTContamination of estuaries with per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), such as perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), may impact recreational fishers who consume their catch. However, the presence and concentration of PFAS across commonly harvested estuarine taxa is rarely quantified. We used data from a state‐wide survey of recreational fishers to design and conduct a sampling program for assessing PFAS contamination across two recreational fishing havens (Lake Macquarie and Botany Bay, New South Wales, Australia). Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) and PFOS were the primary contaminants in edible tissues of recreationally harvested species, and concentrations were highly variable. In Lake Macquarie, all samples were below screening criteria, as were invertebrates in both estuaries. In Botany Bay, some fish exceeded screening criteria, but the most frequently harvested recreational species had the lowest concentrations of all fish across both estuaries. Ecological factors likely contributed to substantial variation in PFAS accumulation levels among different recreational species. Recreational fisheries surveys provide a solid foundation to frame investigations of exposure risk and support the development of spatially tailored dietary advice.
Prediction of intrahepatic covalently closed circular DNA levels in patients with resolved hepatitis B virus infection: Impact of serum antibody to hepatitis B core antigen titers
Authors: Bae Sung Kwan , Arita Junichi , Akamatsu Nobuhisa , Ichida Akihiko , Nishioka Yujiro , Miyata Akinori , Kawahara Takuya , Inagaki Yoshinori , Kawaguchi Yoshikuni , Kaneko Junichi , Tamura Sumihito , Tanaka Yasuhito , Yotsuyanagi Hiroshi , Moriya Kyoji , Hasegawa Kiyoshi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAimThe correlation between intrahepatic covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) levels and serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers in patients with resolved HBV infection (hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg]‐negative and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen [anti‐HBc]‐positive) is unclear. We therefore examined the utility of anti‐HBc titers as a surrogate marker of intrahepatic cccDNA levels in patients with resolved HBV infections.MethodsAmong 1005 patients who underwent hepatectomy between 2010 and 2018, a retrospective review was performed in 114 patients (76 with resolved HBV infection and 38 HBsAg‐positive) with frozen specimens of the background liver. Clinical, biochemical, and virological data, including intrahepatic cccDNA levels, were retrospectively evaluated. Intrahepatic cccDNA levels were measured using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction.ResultsIntrahepatic cccDNA levels positively correlated with serum HBsAg levels (r = 0.609, p < 0.001) and anti‐HBc titers (r = 0.542, p < 0.001). An intrahepatic cccDNA level of 22.2 copies/μg was the optimal cut‐off for HBsAg positivity, with a sensitivity of 86.8% and specificity of 89.5%. Of the 76 cases with resolved HBV infection, 8 had high levels of intrahepatic cccDNA (≥22.2 copies/μg). Multivariate analyses showed that anti‐HBc ≥ 11.0 sample/cut‐off (S/CO) was an independent risk factor for high intrahepatic cccDNA levels (odds ratio, 12.6; 95% confidence interval, 2.4–66.156; P = 0.003).ConclusionsAnti‐HBc titers were positively correlated with intrahepatic cccDNA levels. Even in patients with resolved HBV infection, anti‐HBc ≥ 11.0 S/CO was considered to indicate high intrahepatic cccDNA levels, comparable to those in HBsAg‐positive cases. In this group, careful monitoring is required during immunosuppressive therapy to prevent HBV reactivation.
Ultra‐processed food consumption and overweight in children, adolescents and young adults: Long‐term data from the Kiel Obesity Prevention Study (KOPS)
Authors: Fedde Svenja , Stolte Annalena , Plachta‐Danielzik Sandra , Müller Manfred James , Bosy‐Westphal Anja 
Published: December 2024

SummaryObjectiveThe aim was to assess ultra‐processed food (UPF) consumption, its impact on overweight and its association with weight trends from childhood and adolescence to young adulthood.MethodsLong‐term UPF consumption (13.3 years) by NOVA was analysed (children/adolescents and adults, n = 182) in the Kiel Obesity Prevention Study (KOPS, n = 10 750).ResultsIn children/adolescents (13.1 ± 1.9 years), a UPF‐based dietary pattern showed an inverse association with BMI‐SDS and fat mass index (males: r = −0.301, p = 0.01; r = −0.376, p = 0.001; females: r = −0.315, p < 0.001; r = −0.282, p = 0.003). Longitudinal analysis indicated that UPF consumption in childhood and adolescence was correlated with UPF consumption in adulthood among females (r = 0.272; p = 0.004) but not among males. In young adults (26.7 ± 2.2 years), UPF consumption accounted for nearly 50% of daily energy intake and was higher with overweight compared to normal weight and in incident overweight compared to persistent normal weight (both p < 0.05). High UPF consumption was associated with markers of poor diet quality (lower intake of fibre, higher intake of salt and energy‐dense food, all p < 0.05).ConclusionsHigh UPF consumption in young adults was associated with both prevalence and incidence of overweight from childhood and adolescence to adulthood.
Variability and clinical anatomy of the superior gluteal nerve—A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Tempski Jonasz , Kotlarek Aneta , Pękala Jakub , Fibiger Grzegorz , Krager Eirik , Łazarz Dominik , Rosa Mateusz , Glądys Kinga , Walocha Jerzy A. , Pękala Przemysław 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe superior gluteal nerve (SGN) is a mixed nerve of the sacral plexus that arises from the posterior divisions of the L4, L5, and S1 nerve roots. Its motor branch plays a crucial role in innervation of hip muscles, which allows for physiological gait or walk‐pattern. As for its sensory branch, it provides innervation for the hip joint capsule, especially its superior part. The understanding of this nerve is crucial as it may be injured during many operations involving mostly pelvic surgery, both arthroscopic and open procedures. The risk of injury is especially high during total hip arthroplasty (THA). These lesions often result in the presentation of major walk‐pattern abnormalities. The most classical and commonly known would be the Trendelenburg sign, which presents with pelvic instability characterized by having the patient standing on one leg whereby the pelvis on the contralateral side will be dropping, resulting in a positive sign. The aim of this meta‐analysis was to obtain all relevant data on SGN and its variations, in order to emphasize its anatomical, physiological, as well as clinical implications. A large‐scale search was conducted in all major databases (PubMed, Embase, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Web of Science) in order to determine and pool all available and relevant SGN data. No restrictions were applied to date or language. The data collection was categorized by prevalence, branching, patterns, course, origin, and distance from anatomical landmarks. A total of 41 studies (n = 869 hemipelves) were included in our analysis. The most common branching pattern of SGN was a spray pattern, 70.4% (95% CI: 54.4–96.8; p < 0.001) of the general population. We found that the closest branch to the greater trochanter of the femur and concurrently the most at risk during surgery was a muscular branch to gluteus minimus muscle. As the trend of pelvic surgeries, especially THA continues to rise, SGN lesions are now more than ever at risk. Yet to the authors' knowledge, this does not seem to be reflected in the current literature thereby making this the first meta‐analysis concerning this important anatomical structure. The authors believe it is paramount for surgeons, especially in the orthopedic specialty, to thoroughly understand the SGN with its anatomical variability and clinical tie‐ins.
Osteohistological signal from the smallest known phytosaur femur reveals slow growth and new insights into the evolution of growth in Archosauria
Authors: Goldsmith Erika R. , Barta Daniel E. , Kligman Ben T. , Nesbitt Sterling J. , Marsh Adam D. , Parker William G. , Stocker Michelle R. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFossils of embryonic and hatchling individuals can provide invaluable insight into the evolution of prenatal morphologies, heterochronies, and allometric trajectories within Archosauria but are exceptionally rare in the Triassic fossil record, obscuring a critical aspect of archosaurian biology during their evolutionary origins. Microvertebrate sampling at a single bonebed in the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation within Petrified Forest National Park has yielded diminutive archosauriform femora (PEFO 45274, PEFO 45199) with estimated and measured femoral lengths of ~31 mm and ~ 37 mm, respectively. These new specimens provide the unique opportunity to assess the preservation, body size, and growth dynamics of skeletally immature archosauriforms in North America and compare the growth dynamics of archosauromorphs within an evolutionary and ontogenetic context. We assign PEFO 45199 and PEFO 45274 to Phytosauria (Archosauriformes) based on their strongly sigmoidal shape in lateral view, the presence of proximal anterolateral and posteromedial tubera, the absence of an anteromedial tuber of the proximal end, a teardrop‐shaped proximal outline, and a fourth trochanter that is not confluent with the proximal head. Osteohistological analyses of PEFO 45274 reveal a cortex comprising low vascularity, parallel‐fibered bone composed of primary osteons that lacks a hatching line and any lines of arrested growth. We interpret PEFO 45274 as a slow‐growing, post‐hatching individual of less than 1 year of age. Surprisingly, osteohistology of some larger phytosaur femora implies faster growth rates in comparison to PEFO 45274 based on the occasional presence of woven bone and overall higher degrees of vascular density, suggesting the ontogenetic shift from rapid‐to‐slow growth rates might not occur simply or uniformly as expected in Phytosauria and that non‐archosaurian archosauriforms may exhibit size‐dependent histological characteristics. This study highlights the importance of including osteohistology from multiple body sizes to investigate non‐archosaurian archosauriform ancestral growth rates given the phylogenetic position of phytosaurs near the divergence of Archosauria.
Original Dualisms Labor Law and Casual Work in Portugal and Romania (1920s–1960s)
Authors: Grama Adrian 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis article argues that any historical explanation of the emergence of dualism in the labor market should take labor law seriously for two intertwined reasons: first, because before there could be a dualism of insiders and outsiders in the market, there was an original dualism inscribed in statutory legislation covering employment contracts; and second because before there could be a neat distinction between a primary and a secondary sector, there was a prevailing legal hierarchy that rewarded the stability of the most stable employees while concomitantly rescinding protection from casual workers. The article asks how these original dualisms were overcome during the better half of the twentieth century, and what mechanisms might explain the eventual collapse of the legal distinctions between various types of employees and the differential distribution of rights that came with it. Empirically, the article draws comparatively on the social and legal history of Portugal and Romania from the 1920s to the 1960s to propose a historically rich and conceptually fresh interpretation of the emergence of “standard employment” on the two peripheries of Europe.
Hydrogen Sulphide: A Key Player in Plant Development and Stress Resilience
Authors: Jaiswal Saumya , Singh Surendra Pratap , Singh Samiksha , Gupta Ravi , Tripathi Durgesh Kumar , Corpas Francisco J. , Singh Vijay Pratap 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBased on the research conducted so far, hydrogen sulphide (H2S) plays a crucial role in the development and stress resilience of plants. H2S, which acts as a signalling molecule, responds to different stresses such as heavy metals, drought, and salinity, and it regulates various aspects of plant growth and development including seed germination, root development, stomatal movement, flowering, and fruit ripening. Additionally, H2S is involved in mediating legume‐Rhizobium symbiosis signalling. It modulates plant responses to external environmental stimuli by interacting with other signalling molecules like phytohormones, nitric oxide, and reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, H2S exerts these regulations since it can modify protein functions through a reversible thiol‐based oxidative posttranslational modification called persulfidation, particularly in stress response and developmental processes. As a result, H2S is recognised as an important emerging signalling molecule with multiple roles in plants. Research in this field holds promise for engineering stress tolerance in crops and may lead to potential biotechnological applications in agriculture and environmental management.
Turkishness and Social Boundaries: Navigating Identity and Exclusion in the Social Relations Between the Local Community and Syrian Refugees in Ankara, Turkey
Authors: Cevik Haci 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study examines the widespread impact of Turkishness, a concept ingrained since the establishment of the Republic, on political and daily interactions, and how it cultivates persistent discrimination against Syrian refugees. This study conceptualizes Turkishness not as an ideology but as a construct influenced by national identity and historical developments. The study employs a qualitative methodology, including comprehensive interviews. The study involved 20 Syrian refugees and 21 local residents from various socioeconomic areas of Ankara. The results, derived from a restricted qualitative sample, provide insights into the influence of historical narratives and ethnic symbols on identity formation among Syrian refugees and local inhabitants. The study shows that nationalism and political ideologies have a significant impact on these encounters and class and demographic disparities exacerbate these dynamics. The interviews demonstrate that historical legacies, societal biases and experiences of exclusion significantly influence the identities of both refugees and the local population.
Lipaemic plasma: An objective non‐invasive photometric method to classify plasma turbidity and its association with red cell haemolysis
Authors: de Laleijne‐Liefting Lara A. E. , Bontekoe Ido J. , Lagerberg Johan W. , Klei Thomas R. L. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPlasma components are visually inspected, and non‐transparent, turbid units are rejected for transfusion and fractionation. Additionally, in case a plasma component is deemed lipaemic, there is conflicting data on the accompanying red cell concentrate (RCC) in vitro quality. As visual inspection of plasma turbidity is a subjective method, we aimed to devise an objective measurement using a quick, non‐invasive, table‐top spectrophotometry‐based method. Using this method, the correlation between spectrophotometric data and its predictive value on haemolysis of the accompanying RCC during storage was assessed.Materials and MethodsA total of 365 plasma units were visually inspected for turbidity and analysed for light reflection parameters (L*, a* and b*) and triglyceride (TG) levels. Leukoreduced RCCs in saline‐adenine‐glucose‐mannitol (SAGM), prepared from the accompanying lipaemic whole blood, were stored for up to 6 weeks and analysed for quality parameters.ResultsThe light reflection L* value was the most discriminating between clear and turbid/lipaemic plasma. Also, a correlation was found between TG levels and L* values (R2 = 0.703). Plasma with TG ≥ 2.5 mmol/L showed an L* value >50 with >90% specificity and sensitivity. RCC from donations with a plasma L* value ≥68 showed significantly higher haemolysis levels (p < 0.05) during storage.ConclusionThe non‐invasive photometric analysis of plasma turbidity correlated both with visual inspection and plasma TG levels. Measurement of L* values of plasma may be helpful in identifying donations with high TG levels and higher risk for increased haemolysis during RCC storage.
Magnetic dipole lines of Sc-like Kr15+ and Br14+ ions
Authors: Xu Pengcheng , Qian Yuyuan , Liu Jialin , Jiang Zihuan , Jia Fangshi , Zhang Yizhuo , Zhang Mingwu , Meng Ju , Fu Yunqing , Zou Yaming , Yao Ke 
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we report on optical lines of Sc-like Kr[Formula: see text] and Br[Formula: see text] observed using a low-energy electron beam ion trap. Within the spectral range of 220–590 nm, a total of 18 spectral lines from these two ions were identified, 12 of which were reported for the first time. To determine the energy levels, the multi-configuration Dirac–Hartree–Fock method and relativistic many-body perturbation theory are employed. The excitation energies for the 19 lowest levels arising from [Formula: see text] ground configuration of Kr[Formula: see text] and Br[Formula: see text] ions are presented. Comparing the theoretical wavelengths with the experimental values, a good agreement is observed with an average deviation of less than 1.1%. However, for a few lines, discrepancies larger than 2.0% are observed. The present experimental results could be reference data for further theoretical investigations of the multi-valence electron ions.