bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feeding ecology of the marsupialThylamys macrurus(Olfers 1818) (Mammalia, Didelphidae) in woodland patches of Cerrado, central-western Brazil
Authors: Melo Geruza Leal , Santos Sara Angélica , Sponchiado Jonas , Cáceres Nilton Carlos , Lessa Leonardo Guimarães 
Published: April 2018

AbstractKnowledge about the feeding ecology of didelphid marsupials remains incipient, especially in environments with marked seasonality in resource supply, such as in the Cerrado. We analysed the diet composition ofThylamys macrurusin Cerrado patches in central-western Brazil. We also evaluated seasonal and sexual variation in the species’ diet, as well as if the accumulation of fat in the tail shows a seasonal pattern. We obtained 87 captures of 68T. macrurusspecimens and 29 faecal samples. Six categories of food items (Hymenoptera, Isoptera, Coleoptera, Arachnida, Blattodea and seeds) were identified. Arthropods were recorded in all samples and seeds in 10.3%. The species showed seasonal variation in diet, consuming primarily of arthropods throughout the year but incorporating a higher proportion of fruits during the wet season. Males and females also differed in diet composition; males consumed a wider range of items in the dry season. Although more detailed analyses are still needed to better understand theT. macrurusfood consumption pattern, our results indicate a possible relationship between dietary variation and local availability of resources, suggesting an opportunistic foraging pattern. The accumulation of fat in the tail also presents a seasonal pattern, with a larger tail diameter in the dry season.
Multilingual professionals in internationally operating companies: tensions in their linguistic repertoire?
Authors: van der Worp Karin , Cenoz Jasone , Gorter Durk 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSeveral studies on multilingualism in the workplace have emphasized the role of English as a lingua franca. Other studies have paid attention to the interaction between English and local languages in workplaces where global orientations and local languages co-occur. The present study focuses on internationally oriented workplaces in the bilingual Basque Autonomous Community (BAC). The study aims to analyze the use of the minority language Basque in the workplace and the challenges it faces in an emerging multilingual global context. The promotion and use of the minority language in internationally oriented workplaces is related to language policies of the regional government, the role of ‘new speakers’ of Basque, and the possible tensions between the efforts to revitalize Basque and the use of English as a global language, mediated by the position of Spanish as a strong international language. Our conclusion is that there is a need to establish new policies that are truly multilingual as well as to raise awareness in companies about the importance of adequate language management practices.
The Emergence of Denmark’s Tax Treaty Network — A Historical View
Authors: Schmidt Peter Koerver 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This contribution analyzes the origin and creation of Denmark’s tax treaty network in a historical perspective. The development of the Danish treaty network is studied through an international perspective and by discussing a number of milestone events. It is concluded that the general tendency has pointed toward a continuously growing Danish treaty network and also that the question on abuse of the treaties has become of greater concern during the past decades. Moreover, it is argued that the growing number and importance of Denmark’s tax treaties over time created a need for the Danish parliament to be more directly involved in the conclusion of new tax treaties.
Illuminating the cave, drawing in black: wood charcoal analysis at Chauvet-Pont d'Arc
Authors: Théry-Parisot Isabelle , Thiébault Stéphanie , Delannoy Jean-Jacques , Ferrier Catherine , Feruglio Valérie , Fritz Carole , Gely Bernard , Guibert Pierre , Monney Julien , Tosello Gilles , Clottes Jean , Geneste Jean-Michel 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Water Immersion-Induced Strength Performance of Solidified Soils with Reactive MgO—A Green and Low Carbon Binder
Authors: Wang Dongxing , Wang Hongwei , Jiang Yuzhou 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Although portland cement is widely used for soft ground improvement, there are significant environmental impacts associated with its production. Thus, the reuse of industrial by-products is encouraged to develop environmentally friendly binders. The soils solidified with reactive magnesium oxide (MgO)—a green and low carbon binder—are subjected to water immersion for different periods of time, and later, the unconfined compressive strength tests are performed on them. The water stability of nonsolidified and MgO-solidified soils is evaluated by visual examination and strength evaluation. A detailed comparison of strength between MgO-, MgO plus fly ash-, and cement-solidified soils is performed, and the test result demonstrates the reinforcing effect of fly ash addition and the superiority of reactive MgO over cement in strength optimization. The image analysis suggests three typical failure modes of tested samples, i.e., shearing failure, lateral bulge failure, and taper failure. The failure modes are closely related to the compressive strength levels. The data indicate that the power function and linear function can describe satisfactorily the correlations of compressive strength against failure strain and compressive strength against the deformation modulus. The microstructural analysis, especially, reveals that the main hydration products responsible for strength amelioration are magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) and calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) gels for MgO and cement-treated soils, respectively. Further research should be systematically performed on MgO plus fly ash-solidified soils to investigate the physico-chemical reactions that potentially occurred, although Mg(OH)2 and M-S-H are primarily detected in reactive MgO-activated fly ash paste. To summarize, the environmental and economic benefits can be expected from replacing portland cement with reactive MgO-bearing binders for soil solidification.
Revisiting Relationships among Specific Surface Area, Soil Consistency Limits, and Group Index of Clays
Authors: Deng Yongfeng , Liu Qianwen , Cui Yujun , Wang Qiong , Liu Songyu 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Investigations correlating specific surface area (SSA) with other soil parameters like consistency limits are helpful in understanding the internal meaning of soil properties. In this study, a large database (267 groups of test results) from the literature is established, and the performed statistical analyses show that the traditional relationship with limited data may be invalid when large data are involved. Hereafter, there is a relatively good relationship between the soil consistency limits and SSA when the threshold SSA value (about 80 m2/g) is identified, which suggests that the soils totally behave as pellets and platelets in the geometry, respectively, before and after this value. Despite the fact that this threshold SSA should complicatedly depend on the crystalline formation, clay mineral, and clay fraction in the particle size distribution, this threshold is relatively reliable in view of these large data statistics. Additionally, the group index by ASTM and the methylene blue value by Laboratoire Centrale des Ponts et Chaussées in France can be mutually converted to characterize subgrade soils to account for the established relationship between consistency limits and SSA.
Evaluation of Synthetic Fiber Reinforced Concrete Pipe Performance Using Three-Edge Bearing Test
Authors: Al Rikabi Fouad T. , Sargand Shad M. , Kurdziel John 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Synthetic fibers have recently been used in a concrete mix in an attempt to produce a new concrete pipe system that is cheaper, lighter, and more flexible than conventional steel reinforced concrete pipes. However, no structural design codes have been introduced for synthetic fiber reinforced concrete pipes evaluation. There is little in the literature regarding synthetic fiber applications in concrete pipes. This study focuses on the evaluation of the synthetic fiber reinforced concrete pipes in terms of ASTM requirements for strength, stiffness, and ductility. The performance of the synthetic fiber reinforced concrete pipes was evaluated using a three-edge bearing test in accordance with ASTM protocols and using three pipe diameters: 600, 1,200, and 1,500 mm. Fiber dosages ranged from 4.75 to 18 kg/m3, and different areas of one steel cage layer were used to reinforce the concrete pipes. The results show that using synthetic fiber increased the cracking load (produces 0.3-mm crack width), ultimate load, stiffness, and ductility of tested pipes. Also, using synthetic fiber lowered the production cost, as the reduction in the steel cage area ranged from 51 to 100 %.
Study on the Properties and Mechanism of Mortars Modified by Super Absorbent Polymers
Authors: Faping Li , Jiesheng Liu 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The article investigated the influence of Super Absorbent Polymers (SAPs) with absorption behaviors on the consistency, fluidity, water absorption, mechanical properties, early crack resistance, permeability resistance, and degree of hydration of cementitious construction materials. Mechanical strength was investigated using a flexural and compressive strength test machine. Nonevaporable water content was employed to assess the degree of hydration of the cement powders. The durability of mortar was characterized using early crack resistance and a permeability resistance test. Furthermore, the micromechanism of mortars modified by SAPs and control mortars was researched using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Experimental results showed that for the SAPs and mix designs used in this article, the incorporation of SAPs generally reduced the mechanical strength and increased the consistency, fluidity, water absorption, and degree of hydration of modified mortars compared with control mortars. The durability of mortars incorporating SAPs was greatly improved. The connection of the macroproperty and micromechanism of mortars was researched using an SEM.
Optimization of Laboratory Preparation of the Emulsified Bioasphalt with Two Emulsifiers
Authors: Chen Xi , Wang Hainian , Wang Qinghua , Yang Xu , You Zhanping 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The goal of this study was to optimize emulsified bioasphalt (a mix of bio-oil and petroleum asphalt) performance by investigating the effects of various bio-oil dosages and emulsifier types and dosages. A colloid mill with high-speed rotation was used to emulsify the bioasphalt at 100°C. The single variable theory of analysis was adopted to analyze the influence of bio-oil and emulsifier on the performance of emulsified bioasphalt. Two types of emulsifiers were used: Shanghai Yuanrong-type (SY-type) and Meadwestvaco-type (MD-type). Five bio-oil contents were selected to produce the bioasphalt: 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 %. Five emulsifier dosages were applied for the bioasphalt emulsification: 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, and 4.0 %. Properties were evaluated by a series of tests, including the remaining amount of evaporation residue, penetration, softening point, ductility, viscosity, and storage stability. Based upon these test results, a 55:45 water-oil ratio, 15–20 % bio-oil content, and 3.5 % SY-type or 3.0 % MD-type emulsifier dosage is recommended.
Renewable Energy–Supported Hybrid Active Power Filter for Grid-Connected Application
Authors: Gowthaman A. , Anita R. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This research article presents a Photovoltaic (PV) and battery-supported Series Hybrid Active Power Filter (SHAPF), which includes a series APF (SAPF), parallel-connected passive filter, and PV system with a battery energy storage unit. The PV-supported SHAPF provides compensation against the voltage harmonics, current harmonics, and voltage interruption for a whole day. The SHAPF systems need certainty in order to provide active power to the power system to maintain the load voltage level during voltage sag. Conventionally, the SAPF has the capacity to compensate for a limited amount of active power in the system. Thus, additional energy sources need to be added into the dc link of the SAPF. The proposed SHAPF circuitry utilizes the renewable energy source with an energy storage unit to meet the dc-link voltage requirement of the SAPF. Additionally, it exports the power that is generated in the PV system to the load. The series inverter is used to supply part of or the entire reactive power required by the load along with compensating the sag and swell, supply voltage unbalance, and distortions. This is achieved by controlling the phase angle and the magnitude of series-injected voltage, which is called the power angle control method. The fuzzy logic controller-based power angle control method is employed to compensate the voltage-based disturbances in the distribution system. The performance of the PV and battery-supported SHAPF is evaluated by conducting MATLAB/Simulink simulation and experimental studies.
Evaluation of Soil Saver Walls on Aquatic Organism Passage Through Box Culverts
Authors: Neupane Madan , Parsons Robert L. , Han Jie , Parr David A. , Jacobe James A. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Reinforced concrete box culverts are designed to provide hydraulic conveyance at peak stream discharge in a cost-effective manner; however, these structures can promote headcutting. Many state departments of transportation construct soil saver walls or similar structures on the upstream of box culverts to prevent headcutting. These walls act as a drop inlet and may hinder free movement of aquatic organisms. The potential impact on aquatic organism passage has resulted in regulatory pressure to develop alternatives or modifications to the traditional soil saver wall design. This article contains the results of an analysis of the potential impact of box culverts with solid soil saver walls on aquatic organism passage. The results of a survey of thirty states and fifteen field sites on the current state-of-practice for box culverts, and flume tests using model box culverts with a solid soil saver wall and with modified design to promote aquatic passage are presented. Modifications to the soil saver wall design are recommended based on the results of the survey of states, field surveys, and flume testing.
Striatal Direct and Indirect Pathway Output Structures Are Differentially Altered in Mouse Models of Huntington's Disease
Authors: Barry Joshua , Akopian Garnik , Cepeda Carlos , Levine Michael S. 
Published: April 2018

The present study examined synaptic communication between direct and indirect output pathway striatal medium-sized spiny neurons (MSNs) and their target structures, the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) and the external globus pallidus (GPe) in two mouse models of Huntington's disease (HD). Cre recombination, optogenetics, and whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were used to determine alterations in intrinsic and synaptic properties of SNr and GPe neurons from both male and female symptomatic R6/2 (>60 d) and presymptomatic (2 months) or symptomatic (10–12 months) YAC128 mice. Cell membrane capacitance was decreased, whereas input resistance was increased in SNr neurons from R6/2, but not YAC128 mice. The amplitude of GABAergic responses evoked by optogenetic stimulation of direct pathway terminals was reduced in SNr neurons of symptomatic mice of both models. A decrease in spontaneous GABA synaptic activity, in particular large-amplitude events, in SNr neurons also was observed. Passive membrane properties of GPe neurons were not different between R6/2 or YAC128 mice and their control littermates. Similarly, the amplitude of GABA responses evoked by activation of indirect pathway MSN terminals and the frequency of spontaneous GABA synaptic activity were similar in HD and control animals. In contrast, the decay time of the evoked GABA response was significantly longer in cells from HD mice. Interestingly, activation of indirect pathway MSNs within the striatum evoked larger-amplitude responses in direct pathway MSNs. Together, these results demonstrate differential alterations in responses evoked by direct and indirect pathway terminals in SNr and GPe leading to striatal output imbalance and motor dysfunction.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPrevious work on Huntington's disease (HD) focused on striatal medium-sized spiny neurons (MSNs) almost exclusively. Little is known about the effects that alterations in the striatum have on output structures of the direct and indirect pathways, the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) and the external segment of the globus pallidus (GPe), respectively. We combined electrophysiological and optogenetic methods to examine responses evoked by selective activation of terminals of direct and indirect pathway MSNs in SNr and GPe neurons in two mouse models of HD. We show a differential disruption of synaptic communication between the direct and indirect output pathways of the striatum with their target regions leading to an imbalance of striatal output, which will contribute to motor dysfunction.
From Verbal to Audiovisual Medium: The Case of the Cinematic Adaptation of R. L. Stevenson’s Novel “The Wrong Box”. Part I
Authors: Krūminienė Jadvyga , Višinskaitė Indrė 
Published: April 2018

The paper attempts at the analysis of the narrational shifts between verbal and audiovisual mediums on the basis of R. L. Stevenson’s novel The Wrong Box (1989) and its cinematic adaptation under the same title by Bryan Forbes (1966). The authors approach adaptation as a complex phenomenon that experiences the creative tension between preserving fidelity to the source literary text and striving for filmic originality. Similarly to novels, movies represent an act and art of narration but they use different narrative strategies. In film narratives, deep focus, the length and scale of the shots, editing, montage, lighting, sound design, music, human voice etc. accompany the verbal medium. Modelled after literature, movies demonstrate the specific construal narrative components that are combined into coherent cinematic sequences. When transfering R. L. Stevenson’s novel from fictional medium into cinematic medium, Forbes organises the relations of the narrative elements on an intertextual level thus fostering new expressive means. Such practice allows to project the cinematic narrator as a complex construct also given the possibility of being perceived as a speaking persona through an inventive use of intertitles. In fact, the adaptor is caught up in the farcical narrational game, provoking the viewer to actively participate in it.
New limit results related to the coupon collector’s problem
Authors: Glavaš Lenka , Mladenović Pavle 
Published: April 2018

We study point processes associated with coupon collector’s problem, that are defined as follows. We draw with replacement from the set of the first n positive integers until all elements are sampled, assuming that all elements have equal probability of being drawn. The point process we are interested in is determined by ordinal numbers of drawing elements that didn’t appear before. The set of real numbers is considered as the state space. We prove that the point process obtained after a suitable linear transformation of the state space converges weakly to the limiting Poisson random measure whose mean measure is determined.
We also consider rates of convergence in certain limit theorems for the problem of collecting pairs.
Analysis of antigen conservation and inactivation of gamma-irradiated avian influenza virus subtype H9N2
Authors: Salehi Bahareh , Motamedi-Sedeh Farahnaz , Madadgar Omid , Khalili Iraj , Ghalyan Chi Langroudi Arash , Unger Hermann , Wijewardana Viskam 
Published: April 2018

Avian influenza (AI) A subtype H9N2 virus belongs to Orthomyxoviridae family and causes low-pathogenic disease AI. The use of gamma-irradiated viral antigens has been developed in the production of effective vaccines. In this research, LPAIV H9N2 strain, A/Chicken/IRN/Ghazvin/2001, was multiplied on SPF eggs and irradiated by a Nordian gamma cell instrument. Irradiated and non-irradiated AI virus (AIV) samples were titrated by EID50 method and hemagglutinin (HA) antigen was analyzed by HA test as the WHO pattern method. Infectivity of irradiated virus was determined by egg inoculation method during four blind cultures. The results showed that after increasing the dose of gamma radiation, virus titer gradually decreased. D10 value and optimum dose for complete virus inactivation were calculated by dose/response curve, 3.36 and 29.52 kGy, respectively. In addition, HA antigenicity of gamma-irradiated virus samples from 0 to 30 kGy was not changed. The results of safety test for gamma-irradiated AIV samples showed complete inactivation with gamma ray doses 30 and 35 kGy, without any multiplication on eggs after four blind cultures. According to the results of HA antigen assay and safety test, the gamma-irradiated and complete inactivated AIV subtype H9N2 is a good candidate as an inactivated immunogenic agent for poultry vaccination.
Investigações a Respeito das Habilidades Matemáticas de Licenciandos em Pedagogia na Modalidade a Distância
Authors: Sampaio Figueiredo Helenara Regina , De Oliveira Barros Rui Marcos 
Published: April 2018

As dificuldades em Matemática de licenciandos de Pedagogia têm sido apontadas por autores, como Mandarino, Curi, Gatti e Oliveira, tanto na formação inicial quanto na atividade docente. O conhecimento do panorama educacional desses licenciandos associado ao estudo desses autores motivou a busca de respostas para a questão norteadora deste trabalho: como se configuram as habilidades matemáticas dos licenciandos em Pedagogia, na modalidade a distância, acerca dos temas “Espaço e Forma” e “Grandezas e Medidas”? A pesquisa utilizou a triangulação de coleta de dados, envolvendo quarenta e sete licenciandos, que já haviam cursado as disciplinas de formação matemática. Estes responderam, por escrito, a questões que foram elaboradas com base nos descritores de matemática para Prova Brasil do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental - SAEB. Aponta-se que, para construir uma formação teórica consistente, o pedagogo deve possuir, no mínimo, as mesmas habilidades que deseja para os seus alunos. Palavras-chave: Pedagogia. Matemática. Prova Brasil. Educação a Distância. AbstractThe mathematics difficulties in Pedagogy teaching degree have been pointed out by authors such as Mandarino, Curi, Gatti and Oliveira both in initial training, and in teaching activity. The educational panorama knowledge of these students, associated with the study of these authors, motivated the search for answers to the guiding issue of this study: How are the mathematical skills of Pedagogy undergraduates in a distance learning mode configured, concerningthe “Space and Form” and “Quantities and Measurements” themes? The research used the Triangulation of dates with47 undergraduates, who had already attended the mathematics education disciplines. They replied in writing to various issues, which had been elaborated based on the mathematics descriptors to the “Prova Brazil” from the 5th grade of Elementary Education (SAEB). It is pointed out that for a consistent theoretical training, the pedagogue must have at least the same desirable skills as their students’. Keywords: Pedagogy. Mathematics. Prova Brasil. Distance Learning.