bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency and characteristics of short versus longitudinally extensive myelitis in adults with MOG antibodies: A retrospective multicentric study
Authors: Ciron Jonathan , Cobo-Calvo Alvaro , Audoin Bertrand , Bourre Bertrand , Brassat David , Cohen Mikael , Collongues Nicolas , Deschamps Romain , Durand-Dubief Françoise , Laplaud David , Maillart Elisabeth , Papeix Caroline , Zephir Hélène , Bereau Matthieu , Brochet Bruno , Carra-Dallière Clarisse , Derache Nathalie , Gagou-Scherer Clarisse , Henry Carole , Kerschen Philippe , Mathey Guillaume , Maubeuge Nicolas , Maurousset Aude , Montcuquet Alexis , Moreau Thibault , Prat Christophe , Taithe Frédéric , Thouvenot Eric , Tourbah Ayman , Rollot Fabien , Vukusic Sandra , Marignier Romain 
Published: May 2019

Objectives: We aim to (1) determine the frequency and distinctive features of short myelitis (SM) and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) in a cohort of adults with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-antibody (Ab)-associated myelitis and (2) determine baseline prognostic factors among MOG-Ab-positive patients whose disease started with myelitis. Material and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical and paraclinical variables from a multicentric French cohort of adults with MOG-Ab-associated myelitis. At last follow-up, patients were classified into two groups according to the severity of the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) as ⩽2.5 or ⩾3.0. Results: Seventy-three patients with at least one episode of myelitis over disease course were included; among them, 28 (38.4%) presented with SM at the time of the first myelitis. Motor and sphincter involvement was less frequently observed in SM (51.9% and 48.2%, respectively) than in LETM patients (83.3% and 78.6%, respectively), p = 0.007 and p = 0.017; 61% of LETM patients displayed brain lesions compared to 28.6% in the SM group, p = 0.008, and the thoracic segment was more frequently involved in the LETM (82.2%) than in the SM group (39.3%), p < 0.001. EDSS at last follow-up was higher in LETM (median 3.0 (interquartile range: 2.0–4.0)) compared to SM patients (2.0, (1.0–3.0)), p = 0.042. Finally, a higher EDSS at onset was identified as the only independent risk factor for EDSS ⩾3.0 (odds ratio, 1.40, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01–1.95, p = 0.046). Conclusion: SM in MOG-Ab-associated disease is not rare. The severity at onset was the only independent factor related to the final prognosis in MOG-Ab-associated myelitis.
Self-reported harm from others’ alcohol, cigarette and illegal drug use in Norway
Authors: Moan Inger Synnøve , Bye Elin K , Storvoll Elisabet E , Lund Ingunn Olea 
Published: May 2019

Aims: While it is documented that substance use harms others than the user, less is known about which substances people experience most harm from, and who the victims and perpetrators are. The aims were: (i) to estimate the prevalence of and overlap in self-reported harm from others’ alcohol, cigarette, and illegal drug use; (ii) to examine potential differences in the prevalence of harm from close relations’ and strangers’ use; and (iii) to examine how the prevalence of harm varies according to demographics and the respondents’ substance use. Methods: Population surveys conducted among 16–64-year-old Norwegians in 2012 and 2016 ( N = 3407) assessed self-reported harm from others’ alcohol, cigarette and illegal drug use with identical measures, demographic variables and the respondents’ substance use. Results: Experience of harm from others’ alcohol use was most common, followed by others’ smoking. For all three substances, a higher proportion experienced harm from close relations’ use. Nearly half had experienced harm from others’ use of at least one substance. Women and younger participants were more likely to report harm from others’ alcohol and cigarette use. While alcohol and illegal drug users were more often harmed by others’ use of these substances, smokers reported being less often harmed by others’ smoking. Conclusions: Self-reported harm from others’ alcohol, cigarette and illegal drug use corresponds with the prevalence of use of these substances in Norway. For all three substances, close relations’ use accounted for more harm than strangers’ use. Own substance use was an important correlate of experienced harm.
Concordance of Organ Donation and Other Altruistic Behaviors Among Twins
Authors: Huml Anne M. , Thornton J. Daryl , Figueroa Maria , Cain Katrice , Dolata Jacqueline , Scott Karen , Sullivan Catherine , Sehgal Ashwini R. 
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Organ donation and other altruistic behaviors may be influenced by multiple factors, such as demographic characteristics, religious beliefs, and social norms. Research Question: What is the role of genetic factors on altruism in identical and fraternal twin pairs? Design: Twins attending a twin festival (N = 296) completed an organ donation and altruistic behavior survey. Results: Concordance for stage of change for organ donation was 65% among identical twin pairs versus 33% among fraternal twin pairs ( P = .004). Concordance was higher among identical versus fraternal twin pairs for several altruistic behaviors, including giving directions to a stranger (63% vs 24%, P < .001), giving money to a stranger (51% vs 29%, P = .048), donating goods to charity (46% vs 16%, P = .005), and offering a seat on the bus (46% vs 24%, P = .04). Discussion: We conclude that genetic factors may play a role in decisions about organ donation and other altruistic behaviors.
Soft tissue resurfacing for glenohumeral arthritis: a systematic review
Authors: Meaike Joshua J , Patterson Diana C , Anthony Shawn G , Parsons Bradford O , Cagle Paul J 
Published: May 2019

Background Severe glenohumeral arthritis in the young/active patient remains challenging. Historically, glenohumeral arthrodesis was recommended with limited return of function. Total shoulder arthroplasty has shown increasing survivorship at 15 years; however it is still not ideal for young patients. Biologic resurfacing of the glenoid with humeral head replacement has shown promising results. Methods The PubMed and Embase databases were queried for studies evaluating outcomes of glenoid biologic resurfacing with autograft or allograft. Two independent reviewers performed a systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Results Eleven studies (268 shoulders, 264 patients) were included. Minimum follow-up was 24 months in all but one study; patient age ranged from 14 to 75 years. Glenoid grafts used included 44.3% lateral meniscus allografts, 25.4% human acellular dermal matrix, 14.2% Achilles tendon allografts, 11.6% shoulder joint capsules, and 4.5% fascia lata autografts. Studies reported significantly improved American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons, Visual Analog Scale, and Simple Shoulder Test scores postoperatively; 43.3% were failures (Neer’s evaluation of unsatisfactory or requiring revision). Infection occurred in 12/235. Conclusions Biologic resurfacing of the glenoid with a metallic humeral component can provide a significant improvement in pain, motion, and standardized outcomes scores in the well-indicated situation. Appropriate counseling is required with an appreciated complication rate of over 36% and a revision rate of 34%.
Accuracy of nigrosome-1 detection to discriminate patients with Parkinson’s disease and essential tremor
Authors: Perez Akly Manuel S , Stefani Carla V , Ciancaglini Lucía , Bestoso José S , Funes Jorge A , Bauso Diego J , Besada Cristina H 
Published: May 2019

Purpose The use of susceptibility weighted imaging in high field magnetic resonance imaging scanners can detect the nigrosome-1 area located in the caudo-lateral region of the pars compacta in the substantia nigra. This structure comprises a significant amount of dopaminergic neurons and degenerates in the early stages of Parkinson’s disease. Essential tremor is a neurological condition that in some cases could be confused with the early stages of Parkinson’s disease with a possible error in clinical diagnosis. Our purpose is to evaluate the accuracy of nigrosome-1 detection by high resolution magnetic resonance imaging to discriminate Parkinson’s disease from essential tremor. Methods A case–control study compared patients with a clinical diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease and essential tremor. Magnetic resonance imaging studies were performed using a 3T magnetic resonance imaging scanner. The susceptibility weighted imaging sequence was obtained in the axial plane with an isotropic voxel of 0.75 mm. Two independent neuroradiologists evaluated the images without access to clinical patient data. Results Sixteen patients were included in each group (Parkinson’s disease and essential tremor). Average age: Parkinson’s disease group: 71.3 (SD 6.3) and essential tremor group: 68.3 (SD 12.3). For the first evaluator, the nigrosome-1 area was absent in 15 patients with Parkinson’s disease and in two with essential tremor and for the second evaluator was absent in 15 patients with Parkinson’s disease and four with essential tremor. The sensitivity/specificity for the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease was 93.75%/87.5% for the first evaluator and 93.75%/75% for the second evaluator. Conclusion The detection of the nigrosome-1 area is a useful tool in the differential diagnosis between Parkinson’s disease and essential tremor, with high sensitivity and specificity.
Increased circulating cell-derived microparticle levels in deep infiltrating endometriosis patients with larger implants
Authors: Munrós Jordina , Tàssies Dolors , Reverter Joan Carles , Carmona Francisco , Martínez-Zamora María Ángeles 
Published: May 2019

Objective: Circulating cell-derived microparticles have been reported to be elevated in inflammatory and procoagulant conditions including deep infiltrating endometriosis. The objective of this pilot study was to investigate whether higher circulating cell-derived microparticle levels may be associated with specific clinical features and the extension or severity of deep infiltrating endometriosis. Methods: This is an observational analytical cross-sectional study, including three groups of patients undergoing gynecological surgery. The DIE group included 75 patients with deep infiltrating endometriosis, the control group (C group) consisted of 39 patients without endometriosis, and a positive control group was composed of 31 patients with ovarian endometriomas but not deep infiltrating endometriosis (OE group). Venous blood samples for circulating cell-derived microparticle determinations in plasma were obtained before surgery. The following variables were assessed: severe dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, non-cyclic chronic pelvic pain, dyschezia, dysuria, hematuria, rectal bleeding, sterility, presence of ovarian endometrioma, adenomyosis, and adhesions, rASRM (revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine) stage, Enzian classification, number of sites affected, and the cumulative size of deep infiltrating endometrial implants. Results: Circulating cell-derived microparticle levels were statistically higher in the DIE group compared with the C group ( p-value = 0.001). None of the variables analyzed showed higher levels of circulating cell-derived microparticles in the DIE group, except for a significant positive correlation between the cumulative size of deep infiltrating endometrial lesions and circulating cell-derived microparticle levels ( r = 0.264, p = 0.022). Conclusion: Patients having deep infiltrating endometriosis with a larger cumulative size of endometriotic implants showed higher circulating cell-derived microparticle levels suggesting an increased inflammatory and/or hypercoagulable systemic status in this more severe form of the disease. Further research is needed to assess our findings and to explore the role of circulating cell-derived microparticles in the pathophysiology of deep infiltrating endometriosis.
Experiences With Chiropractic Care for Patients With Low Back or Neck Pain
Authors: Hays Ron D , Sherbourne Cathy D , Spritzer Karen L , Hilton Lara G , Ryan Gery W , Coulter Ian D , Herman Patricia M 
Published: May 2019

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are the second leading cause of disability worldwide. Objective: Examine experiences of chiropractic patients in the United States with chronic low back or neck pain. Method: Observational study of 1853 chronic low back pain and neck pain patients (74% female) who completed an online questionnaire at the 3-month follow-up that included Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) items assessing their experiences with care. Results: We found similar reports of communication for the chiropractic sample and patients in the 2016 CAHPS National Database, but 85% in the database versus 79% in the chiropractic sample gave the most positive response to the time spent with provider item. More patients in the CAHPS database rated their provider at the top of the scale (8 percentage points). More chiropractic patients reported always getting answers to questions the same day (16 percentage points) and always being seen within 15 minutes of their appointment time (29 percentage points). Conclusions: The positive experiences of patients with chronic back and neck pain are supportive of their use of chiropractic care.
Shoulder Arthrodesis in the Management of Glenohumeral Pathologies
Authors: Kamineni Srinath , Unger R Zackary , Desai Rasesh 
Published: May 2019

Background In an era of advanced shoulder stabilization procedures, arthroplasty implants and techniques, shoulder arthrodesis is considered an end-stage salvage procedure with negative connotations. However, in correctly selected patients, arthrodesis can alleviate pain, provide acceptable and stable motion, with a resultant functional shoulder. Methods The current literature on shoulder arthrodesis was reviewed to determine the indications, surgical technique, post-operative rehabilitation, complications and outcomes. Results Indications for shoulder arthrodesis include brachial plexus injuries, paralytic disorders, pseudo paralysis from combined severe/irreparable rotator cuff and deltoid injuries, inflammatory arthritis with severe rotator cuff pathology, persistent refractory instability, and tumor resection. Shoulder arthrodesis generally involves compression screws with or without plate fixation and bone graft. The arthrodesis is positioned to optimize the function of the extremity, primarily for activities of daily living. Postoperatively, most patients are immobilized for 8 to 10 weeks, dependent on the completeness of radiological fusion. Complications include nonunion, shoulder girdle muscle atrophy, painful hardware, periprosthetic fractures, and infection. Discussion With the use of recent biological innovations, the nonunion rate has declined, and rehabilitation technologies have allowed maintenance of muscle mass for future conversion to shoulder arthroplasty. Hence, in carefully selected patients, shoulder arthrodesis provides a valuable option for a stable, functional, and pain-free shoulder and should be retained as part of the treatment algorithm for complex shoulder pathology.
A point-of-care neutrophil elastase activity assay identifies bronchiectasis severity, airway infection and risk of exacerbation
Authors: Shoemark Amelia , Cant Erin , Carreto Luis , Smith Alexandria , Oriano Martina , Keir Holly R. , Perea Lidia , Canto Elisabet , Terranova Leonardo , Vidal Silvia , Moffitt Kelly , Aliberti Stefano , Sibila Oriol , Chalmers James D. 
Published: May 2019

IntroductionNeutrophil elastase activity in sputum can identify patients at high risk of airway infection and exacerbations in bronchiectasis. Application of this biomarker in clinical practice is limited, because no point-of-care test is available. We tested whether a novel semi-quantitative lateral flow device (neutrophil elastase airway test stick – NEATstik®) can stratify bronchiectasis patients according to severity, airway infection and exacerbation risk.MethodsSputum samples from 124 patients with stable bronchiectasis enrolled in the UK and Spain were tested using the NEATstik®, which scores neutrophil elastase concentration from 0 (<8 µg·mL−1elastase activity) to 10 (maximum detectable neutrophil elastase activity). High neutrophil elastase activity was regarded as a NEATstik® grade >6. Severity of disease, airway infection from sputum culture and exacerbations over the 12 months were recorded. An independent validation was conducted in 50 patients from Milan, Italy.Measurements and main resultsPatients had a median age of 69 years and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) 69%. High neutrophil elastase activity was associated with worse bronchiectasis severity using the bronchiectasis severity index (p=0.0007) and FEV1(p=0.02). A high NEATstik® grade was associated with a significant increase in exacerbation frequency, incident rate ratio 2.75 (95% CI 1.63–4.64, p<0.001). The median time to next exacerbation for patients with a NEATstik® grade >6 was 103 days compared to 278 days. The hazard ratio was 2.59 (95% CI 1.71–3.94, p<0.001). Results were confirmed in the independent validation cohort.ConclusionsA novel lateral flow device provides assessment of neutrophil elastase activity from sputum in minutes and identifies patients at increasing risk of airway infection and future exacerbations.
Phenotype characterisation ofTBX4mutation and deletion carriers with neonatal and paediatric pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Galambos Csaba , Mullen Mary P. , Shieh Joseph T. , Schwerk Nicolaus , Kielt Matthew J. , Ullmann Nicola , Boldrini Renata , Stucin-Gantar Irena , Haass Cristina , Bansal Manish , Agrawal Pankaj B. , Johnson Joyce , Peca Donatella , Surace Cecilia , Cutrera Renato , Pauciulo Michael W. , Nichols William C. , Griese Matthias , Ivy Dunbar , Abman Steven H. , Austin Eric D. , Danhaive Olivier 
Published: May 2019

Rare variants in the T-box transcription factor 4 gene (TBX4) have recently been recognised as an emerging cause of paediatric pulmonary hypertension (PH). Their pathophysiology and contribution to persistent pulmonary hypertension in neonates (PPHN) are unknown. We sought to define the spectrum of clinical manifestations and histopathology associated withTBX4variants in neonates and children with PH.We assessed clinical data and lung tissue in 19 children with PH, including PPHN, carryingTBX4rare variants identified by next-generation sequencing and copy number variation arrays.Variants included six 17q23 deletions encompassing the entireTBX4locus and neighbouring genes, and 12 likely damaging mutations. 10 infants presented with neonatal hypoxic respiratory failure and PPHN, and were subsequently discharged home. PH was diagnosed later in infancy or childhood. Three children died and two required lung transplantation. Associated anomalies included patent ductus arteriosus, septal defects, foot anomalies and developmental disability, the latter with a higher prevalence in deletion carriers. Histology in seven infants showed abnormal distal lung development and pulmonary hypertensive remodelling.TBX4mutations and 17q23 deletions underlie a new form of developmental lung disease manifesting with severe, often biphasic PH at birth and/or later in infancy and childhood, often associated with skeletal anomalies, cardiac defects, neurodevelopmental disability and other anomalies.
Mean nocturnal respiratory rate predicts cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in community-dwelling older men and women
Authors: Baumert Mathias , Linz Dominik , Stone Katie , McEvoy R. Doug , Cummings Steve , Redline Susan , Mehra Reena , Immanuel Sarah 
Published: May 2019

Respiratory frequency (fR) predicts in-hospital and short-term mortality in patients with a variety of pathophysiological conditions, but its predictive value for long-term cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in the general population is unknown. Here, we investigated the relationship between mean nocturnalfRand mortality in community-dwelling older men and women.We measured mean nocturnalfRduring sleep from overnight polysomnography in 2686 men participating in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study (MrOS) Sleep study and 406 women participating in the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) to investigate the relationship between mean nocturnalfRand long-term cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.166 (6.1%) men in the MrOS cohort (8.9±2.6 years’ follow-up) and 46 (11.2%) women in the SOF cohort (6.4±1.6 years’ follow-up) died from cardiovascular disease. All-cause mortality was 51.2% and 26.1% during 13.7±3.7 and 6.4±1.6 years’ follow-up in the MrOS Sleep study and the SOF cohorts, respectively. Multivariable Cox regression analysis adjusted for significant covariates demonstrated thatfRdichotomised at 16 breaths·min−1was independently associated with cardiovascular mortality (MrOS: hazard ratio (HR) 1.57, 95% CI 1.14–2.15; p=0.005; SOF: HR 2.58, 95% CI 1.41–4.76; p=0.002) and all-cause mortality (MrOS: HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.04–1.32; p=0.007; SOF: HR 1.50, 95% CI 1.02–2.20; p=0.04).In community-dwelling older men and women, polysomnography-derived mean nocturnalfR≥16 breaths·min−1is an independent predictor of long-term cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Whether nocturnal meanfRcan be used as a risk marker warrants further prospective studies.
Effect of preoperative immunonutrition on complications after salvage surgery in head and neck cancer
Authors: Mueller Simon Andreas , Mayer Catherine , Bojaxhiu Beat , Aeberhard Carla , Schuetz Philipp , Stanga Zeno , Giger Roland 
Published: May 2019

Background Patients undergoing salvage surgery for recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma are at high risk of postoperative complications due to the adverse effects of radiotherapy on wound healing. Malnutrition is an additional risk factor and we tested the hypothesis that preoperative administration of immunonutrition would decrease complications in this high risk population. Methods This single armed study with historical control included consecutive patients undergoing salvage surgery for recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. We compared outcomes before and after implementation of preoperative immunonutrition and adjusted the regression analysis for gender, age, body mass index, Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS 2002), tobacco and alcohol consumption, tumor localization, tumor stage, and type of surgery. The primary endpoint was overall complications from surgery within a follow-up of 30 days. Results Ninety-six patients were included (intervention group: 51, control group: 45). Use of preoperative immunonutrition was associated with a significant reduction in overall complications (35% vs. 58%, fully-adjusted odds ratio 0.30 (95%CI 0.10–0.91, p = 0.034). Length of hospital stay was also significantly reduced (17 days vs. 6 days, p = < 0.001). No differences in mortality and hospital readmission were found. These results remained robust in multivariate analysis. Conclusions In patients undergoing salvage surgery for recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, preoperative immunonutrition exhibited favorable effects on the complication rate and consequently reduced the length of hospital stay. By improving both tissue regeneration and immune response, immunonutrition may help to improve surgical outcomes in this high-risk population.