bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La science s’amuse
Authors: Larivée Serge 
Published: June 2018

Alors que le texte de la rubrique Controverse du dernier numéro (vol. 46, no.2) traitait du côté sombre de la science, celui-ci présente un aspect plus léger de la recherche scientifique et de ses connivences avec la stupidité. Deux aspects seront abordés : les prix IgNobel et les Prix Darwin. Dans le premier cas, les récipiendaires peuvent être considérés comme des chercheurs de l’absurde. Dans le second cas, ils sont remerciés pour leur contribution à l’amélioration du patrimoine génétique puisqu’ils sont morts ou ne peuvent plus se reproduire à la suite de leur exploit stupide.
Location patterns and determinants of knowledge‐intensive industries in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area
Authors: Yamamura Shu , Goto Haruhiko 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe knowledge industry has an important function for regional economic development in cities and countries with strong knowledge economies. This study examined the characteristics of clustered Knowledge Intensive Business Services (KIBS) in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area and investigated the determinants of these enterprises’ locations. Using municipal‐level data, the significance of the determinants of KIBS’ locations was tested in a path analysis, followed by analysis of questionnaire survey data on KIBS enterprises. The results were as follows. First, several dense KIBS agglomerated clusters were found in central Tokyo and some inner‐suburban business districts. Ellison‐Glaeser index statistics confirmed that KIBS were more likely than non‐KIBS to geographically concentrate. Second, the most influential determinants of KIBS’ location were urban economies, food amenities, and nightlife amenities. The result of the questionnaire survey also implies that, in highly urbanized areas, a dense distribution of business enterprises, food and nightlife amenities, and sophisticated urban regional image creates a positive urban environment evaluation by KIBS enterprises and attracts them through direct and indirect causal relationships.
Self ‐Powered Insole Plantar Pressure Mapping System
Authors: Deng Chaoran , Tang Wei , Liu Long , Chen Baodong , Li Meicheng , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSensitive monitoring and real‐time foot pressure mapping have important applications for medical treatment/diagnostics, sports training, and even security. In this work, a facile plantar pressure mapping system with a large pressure detection range using piezoelectric nanogenerators serving as the sensor array to acquire pressure signals, and a self‐designed data acquisition (DAQ) circuit board to process and wirelessly send the signals to a mobile terminal, such as a smart phone, are developed. Working with an application program developed in Android, the whole system can accurately monitor and visually display the real‐time pressure distribution during walking. More importantly, by combining a hybridized triboelectric–electromagnetic nanogenerator, a self‐powered, continuous, and real‐time pressure distribution monitoring system is developed, which provides a feasible solution for sport/exercise biomechanics information acquisition, injury prevention, and ulceration prediction in the feet.
Tunable Elastomers with an Antithrombotic Component for Cardiovascular Applications
Authors: Stahl Alexander M. , Yang Yunzhi Peter 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis study reports the development of a novel family of biodegradable polyurethanes for use as tissue engineered cardiovascular scaffolds or blood‐contacting medical devices. Covalent incorporation of the antiplatelet agent dipyridamole into biodegradable polycaprolactone‐based polyurethanes yields biocompatible materials with improved thromboresistance and tunable mechanical strength and elasticity. Altering the ratio of the dipyridamole to the diisocyanate linking unit and the polycaprolactone macromer enables control over both the drug content and the polymer cross‐link density. Covalent cross‐linking in the materials achieves significant elasticity and a tunable range of elastic moduli similar to that of native cardiovascular tissues. Interestingly, the cross‐link density of the polyurethanes is inversely related to the elastic modulus, an effect attributed to decreasing crystallinity in the more cross‐linked polymers. In vitro characterization shows that the antiplatelet agent is homogeneously distributed in the materials and is released slowly throughout the polymer degradation process. The drug‐containing polyurethanes support endothelial cell and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, while demonstrating reduced levels of platelet adhesion and activation, supporting their candidacy as promising substrates for cardiovascular tissue engineering.
3D‐Printed Microfluidic Devices for Materials Science
Authors: Alizadehgiashi Moien , Gevorkian Albert , Tebbe Moritz , Seo Minseok , Prince Elisabeth , Kumacheva Eugenia 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMicrofluidics (MFs) has emerged as a valuable and in some cases, unique platform for the synthesis and assembly of inorganic and polymeric materials. 3D printing enables time‐, labor‐, and cost‐efficient prototyping of MF devices, their durability during operation, and the ability to implement complex designs, however the applications of 3D‐printed MF devices in materials science are still in their infancy. Here, the synthesis and assembly of a diverse range of materials, including spraying‐based synthesis of inorganic NPs and conductive filaments, extrusion‐based fabrication of hydrogel fibers and sheets, and the preparation of composite solid films are reported. The properties are examined and potential applications of these materials are shown, the advantages of material fabrication in 3D‐printed MF devices are highlighted, and the directions for their further development are identified.
Active Control of Resonant Cloaking in a Terahertz MEMS Metamaterial
Authors: Manjappa Manukumara , Pitchappa Prakash , Wang Nan , Lee Chengkuo , Singh Ranjan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMetamaterials exhibiting exotic optical properties have played a significant role over the years in guiding the concept of invisibility cloaking from the realm of being fiction to reality. However, due to the difficulties in fabricating the 3D cloaking devices and lack of exotic plasmonic materials at terahertz (THz) frequencies, the experimental realization of cloaking phenomenon in the THz spectrum is challenging. In this work, a new mechanism for invisibility cloaking based on the resonant scattering cancellation technique in a 2D nonconcentric composite metamaterial device, consisting of a split ring resonator (SRR) and a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) reconfigurable closed ring resonator (CRR) at THz frequencies is reported. A strong magnetic interaction between the SRR and CRR eliminates the scattering effects from the SRR at its fundamental eigen mode frequency, thereby making it invisible to the incident THz wave. Further, by voltage actuation of MEMS‐reconfigurable CRR, an active switching between the visible and cloaked states of SRR structure is demonstrated. The proposed technique provides a simple design and technique for realizing invisibility cloaks by utilizing the resonant near‐field interactions in the subwavelength structures across microwave to optical frequencies, thereby circumventing the need for materials with complex geometry and exotic properties.
A Perovskite Light‐Emitting Device Driven by Low‐Frequency Alternating Current Voltage
Authors: Liu Xuhai , Yu Dejian , Huo Chengxue , Song Xiufeng , Gao Yujie , Zhang Shengli , Zeng Haibo 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHalide perovskite microplatelets (HPeMs) with ultrahigh crystallinity and large lateral dimension provide a good potential for realizing new micrometer‐scale light sources. However, the difficulty of obtaining uniform microplatelet thin films imposes the impediment for getting light sources in the conventional vertical configuration. Here, bright electroluminescence (EL) from a light‐emitting device based on solution‐processed large HPeMs is obtained using alternating current (AC) voltage in a planar device configuration. The bright and stable EL driven by 50 Hz demonstrates that this AC‐driven light‐emitting device can directly couple with household power supplies, thereby simplifying the electrical circuit modulation. The low‐frequency‐driven capability can be originated from the high charge carrier mobility and long carrier lifetime in perovskites, i.e., the hole accumulation can be reduced near the metal electrode to allow more hole injection, and more long‐lifetime holes can wait for injected electrons to recombine. Moreover, the shift of peak position and full‐wavelength‐at‐half‐maximum in the temperature‐dependent EL spectra reveals that the electric‐induced ionized scattering centers and related ion migration might have been neglected in the widely studied temperature‐dependent photoluminescence measurements. This work demonstrates an alternative operating mechanism and light‐emitting device configuration for obtaining EL from perovskites, offering a new manner to get novel micrometer‐scale perovskite light sources.
Near‐Ultraviolet Structural Colors Generated by Aluminum Nanodisk Array for Bright Image Printing
Authors: Lee Chun‐Ho , Kim Youngrok , Song Jung‐Hwan , Ee Ho‐Seok , Hwang Min‐Soo , Jeong Kwang‐Yong , Park Hong‐Gyu , Lee Takhee , Seo Min‐Kyo 
Published: June 2018

AbstractStructural colors generated by optical micro‐ or nanostructures have attracted much attention for replacing pigment colors due to their tunability and semipermanency. The advantages of structural colors are now ready to be extended to the spectral range outside that of visible wavelengths. Here, bright structural colors are demonstrated in the near‐ultraviolet (near‐UV) wavelength range based on the plasmonic resonance of an aluminum nanodisk array. Collective plasmonic oscillation of the aluminum nanodisks selectively reflects the near‐UV light with a high reflectance and narrow linewidth. The color of the reflected light is tuned over the full near‐UV range, depending on the structural parameters of the nanodisk array. In particular, aluminum nanodisk arrays can be used as structural color pixels that demonstrate printing of near‐UV images with a high resolution of ≈10 000 pixels per inch. The demonstrated near‐UV structural colors show significant progress toward UV filtering and imaging, anticounterfeit, color multiplexing, and photocatalysis.
Visible‐Light‐Induced Trifluoromethylation of Isonitrile‐Substituted Indole Derivatives: Access to 1‐(Trifluoromethyl)‐4,9‐dihydro‐3H‐pyrido[3,4‐b]indole and β‐Carboline Derivatives
Authors: Liu Jiaxin , Li Longhai , Yu Liuzhu , Tang Lisha , Chen Qin , Shi Min 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA visible‐light‐induced trifluoromethylation of isonitrile‐substituted indole derivatives has been developed from the reaction of isonitrile‐substituted indoles with Togni II reagent, affording 1‐(trifluoromethyl)‐4,9‐dihydro‐3H‐pyrido[3,4‐b]indoles in moderate to good yields. The further transformations to β‐carboline derivatives and a harmacine derivative have been performed, demonstrating the potential synthetic utility of this method. A preliminary biological study indicated that the CF3‐containing harmine analogue significantly stimulated the secretion of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1), suggesting an improvement in treating diabetes.magnified image
Large Local‐Compressive Stress‐Induced Improvements in Piezoelectric Characteristics of Lead Zirconate Titanate Thin Films on a Ni Nanodots Array
Authors: Han Chan Su , Cho Ahra , Kim Da Bin , Cho Yong Soo 
Published: June 2018

AbstractInterfacial stress present in ferroelectric thin films is known to affect largely their piezoelectric properties by modifying crystal orientation and domain structure. Here, a nonconventional way is proposed to substantially improve the polarization and piezoelectric characteristics of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 thin films by modifying the surface of the typical Si substrate into an embossed structure with Ni nanodots. Uniform Ni nanodot arrays are successfully produced by an external magnetic field through the consolidation process of thin Ni layer. The exceptionally large thermal expansion mismatch of ≈94% between the thin films and the Ni nanodots is believed to induce a large local‐compressive stress around the nanodot region and thus the intensified orientation toward c‐axis. For this demonstration, the in situ sputtering processing enabled by combining heavily 12 mol% Nb‐doping with a bottom electrode structure of Ir/TiW is used. As a highlight of the improvement, a significant increase of ≈33% in effective piezoelectric coefficient is observed for the 90 nm Ni nanodot case. An apparent shift of the polarization–electric field curve suggests the existence of internal field, as an evidence of the in situ domain formation.
Increasing the Atomic Packing Efficiency of Phase‐Change Memory Glass to Reduce the Density Change upon Crystallization
Authors: Wu Qianqian , Xu Meng , Xu Kailang , Qian Hang , Tong Hao , Cheng Xiaomin , Wu Liangcai , Xu Ming , Miao Xiangshui 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPhase‐change memory (PCM) is a promising candidate for next‐generation memory technology due to the fast switching and large property contrast between the crystalline and amorphous phases. However, the large difference of mass density between these two phases is one of the major factors that lead to the failure of PCM devices. In this work, it is discovered that the carbon alloying remarkably reduces the density change of GeSb film (GeSbC), a chalcogen‐free material with high stability and good switching properties, from ≈6% to ≈3%. In particular, it is focused on the mechanism how carbon affects the structure of GeSbC alloys through X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations, demonstrating that this dopant has increased the packing efficiency by forming small tetrahedral clusters in the bonding region of the glass. The results have important implications on the design of durable phase‐change memory materials.
Government perspectives on housing, technology and support design within Australia's National Disability Strategy
Authors: Callaway Libby , Tregloan Kate 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAustralia's National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) is a significant disability reform and part of a 10‐year National Disability Strategy that aims to build well‐being and inclusion of Australians with disability. Housing is recognised as a key determinant of health. Transition of state‐funded supported accommodation to an NDIS, within the new Specialist Disability Accommodation framework, aims to deliver housing responses that positively influence NDIS participant outcomes. This study aimed to gather perspectives of government disability and housing representatives on current opportunities and issues for Australians with disability. The study investigated four key research questions, relating to built design; integrated technologies; the relationship between housing and support provision; and community precinct design. Nineteen government representatives from seven of the eight Australian states and territories participated in a roundtable focus group in Melbourne, Australia (March 2017). Focus group data were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed. Twelve themes were identified in response to the research questions identified. Key policy and practice implications were highlighted. This research offers insights from government that can contribute to strategic housing, technology, support and community design decisions and Australia's National Disability Strategy, to deliver improved outcomes for people with disability.
Quantum Information Measures of the One‐Dimensional Robin Quantum Well
Authors: Olendski Oleg 
Published: June 2018

AbstractShannon quantum information entropies , Fisher informations , Onicescu energies , and statistical complexities are calculated both in the position (subscript x) and momentum (k) representations for the Robin quantum well characterized by the extrapolation lengths and at the two confining surfaces. The analysis concentrates on finding and explaining the most characteristic features of these quantum information measures in the whole range of variation of the Robin distance Λ for the symmetric, , and antisymmetric, , geometries. Analytic results obtained in the limiting cases of the extremely large and very small magnitudes of the extrapolation parameter are corroborated by the exact numerical computations that are extended to the arbitrary length Λ. It is confirmed, in particular, that the entropic uncertainty relation and general inequality , which is valid both in the position and momentum spaces, hold true at any Robin distance and for every quantum state n. For either configuration, there is a range of the extrapolation lengths where the rule that is correct for the Neumann () or Dirichlet () boundary conditions, is violated. Other analytic and numerical results for all measures are discussed too and their physical meaning is highlighted.
Anschalten von Festkörperfluoreszenz mit Licht
Authors: Schramm Stefan , Karothu Durga Prasad , Raj Gijo , Laptenok Sergey P. , Solntsev Kyril M. , Naumov Panče 
Published: June 2018

AbstractEin bioinspiriertes Fluorophor analog zum Substrat der Glühwürmchen‐Biolumineszenz wurde hergestellt, das reagiert, wenn es schwachem blauen LED‐Licht ausgesetzt wird. Bei Lichtanregung wird dieses Material mit nahezu 81‐facher Verstärkung der Festkörperemission, Fluoreszenzquantenausbeuten von ≈90 % des Produkts in Lösung und heftigen desintegrierenden Effekten aufgrund der Freisetzung von Kohlendioxid photodecarboxyliert. Kristallographische und computergestützte Ergebnisse, zusammen mit einer globalen Spektralanalyse der Fluoreszenzkinetik, bestätigten, dass der größte Teil der in den zerfallsassoziierten Spektren beobachteten Emission intrinsisch für ein Monomer des Produkts ist mit nur geringem Beitrag eines Excimers aufgrund von π‐π‐Stapelung der Moleküle im Kristall.
Total Synthesis of Belizentrin Methyl Ester: Report on a Likely Conquest
Authors: Anderl Felix , Größl Sylvester , Wirtz Conny , Fürstner Alois 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe assigned structure of the dinoflagellate‐derived toxin belizentrin was prepared by total synthesis in form of the corresponding methyl ester for stability reasons. The successful route features an unusual solution for the preparation of a recalcitrant ylide on a C‐glycosidic segment; moreover, it involves an asymmetric hetero‐Diels–Alder reaction en route to the tertiary hemiacetal substructure, a Negishi cross‐coupling of two elaborate building blocks, and a macrocyclization based on an intramolecular aminolysis of a spirolactone. A modified Kocienski olefination ultimately allowed the polyol side chain to be attached to the macrocycle although this transformation faced the exceptional base sensitivity of this polyunsaturated target compound.
ABT‐122, a Bispecific Dual Variable Domain Immunoglobulin Targeting Tumor Necrosis Factor and Interleukin‐17A, in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis With an Inadequate Response to Methotrexate
Authors: Genovese Mark C. , Weinblatt Michael E. , Aelion Jacob A. , Mansikka Heikki T. , Peloso Paul M. , Chen Kun , Li Yihan , Othman Ahmed A. , Khatri Amit , Khan Nasser S. , Padley Robert J. 
Published: June 2018

ObjectiveTumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin‐17A (IL‐17A) may independently contribute to the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ABT‐122, a novel dual variable domain immunoglobulin targeting human TNF and IL‐17A, in patients with RA who have experienced an inadequate response to methotrexate.MethodsPatients with active RA who were receiving treatment with methotrexate and had no prior exposure to biologic agents (n = 222) were enrolled in a 12‐week phase II randomized, double‐blind, active‐controlled, parallel‐group study. Patients were randomized to receive either ABT‐122 at dosages of 60 mg every other week, 120 mg every other week, or 120 mg every week or adalimumab at 40 mg every other week, administered subcutaneously. The primary efficacy end point was the proportion of patients achieving a ≥20% improvement response based on the American College of Rheumatology criteria for 20% improvement (ACR20) at week 12.ResultsTreatment‐emergent adverse events were similar across all treatment groups, with no serious infections or systemic hypersensitivity reactions reported with ABT‐122. ACR20 response rates at week 12 were 62%, 75%, and 80% with ABT‐122 60 mg every other week, 120 mg every other week, and 120 mg every week, respectively, compared with an ACR20 response rate of 68% with 40 mg adalimumab every other week. The corresponding response rates for ACR50 and ACR70 improvement in the ABT‐122 dose groups and adalimumab group were 35%, 46%, 47%, and 48%, respectively, and 22%, 18%, 36%, and 21%, respectively.ConclusionOver the 12‐week study period, dual inhibition of TNF and IL‐17A with ABT‐122 produced a safety profile consistent with that of adalimumb used for inhibition of TNF alone. The efficacy of ABT‐122 over 12 weeks at dosages of 120 mg every other week or 120 mg every week was not meaningfully differentiated from that of adalimumab at a dosage of 40 mg every other week in patients with RA receiving concomitant methotrexate.
Development and validation of HPTLC and green HPLC methods for determination of furosemide, spironolactone and canrenone, in pure forms, tablets and spiked human plasma
Authors: Naguib Ibrahim A. , Abdelaleem Eglal A. , Emam Aml A. , Ali Nouruddin W. , Abdallah Fatma F. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractTwo selective and accurate chromatographic methods are presented for simultaneous quantitation of spironolactone (SP) and furosemide (FR) and canrenone (CN), the main degradation product and the main active metabolite of SP. Method A was HPTLC, where separation was completed on silica gel HPTLC F254 plates using ethyl acetate–triethylamine–acetic acid (9:0.7:0.5, by volume) as a developing system and UV detection at 254 nm. Method B was a green isocratic RP‐HPLC utilizing a C18 (4.6 × 100 mm) column, the mobile phase consisting of ethanol–deionized water (45: 55, v/v) and UV estimation at 254 nm. Adjustment of flow rate at 1 mL/min and pH at 3.5 with glacial acetic acid was done. Regarding the greenness profile, the proposed RP‐HPLC method is greener than the reported one. ICH guidelines were followed to validate the developed methods. Successful applications of the developed methods were revealed by simultaneous determination of FR, SP and CN in pure forms and plasma samples in the ranges of 0.2–2, 0.05–2.6 and 0.05–2 μg/band for method A and 5–60, 2–60 and 2–60 μg/mL for method B for FR, SP and CN, respectively.