bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing Economic Changes Due to an Expanding Dairy Industry in the Texas High Plains
Authors: Guerrero Bridget , Owens Rachel , Amosson Steve , Sukcharoen Kunlapath , Richeson John , Almas Lal 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe dairy industry in the Texas High Plains has experienced rapid expansion in the past two decades. This study assesses the impact of the increased presence of dairies on overall water use, crop composition, and the local economy. The increase in water use related to the dairy industry from 2000 to 2015 was primarily due to an increase in demand for drinking by the cows (direct water) as well as an increased demand for silage (indirect water). However, a comparative analysis (dairy presence vs. no dairy presence) from a single year indicates minimal impacts on total water use due to dairies. During the same time period, the number, size, and employment of related local business establishments have increased economic activity in rural areas. Editor's note: This paper is part of the featured series on Optimizing Ogallala Aquifer Water Use to Sustain Food Systems. See the February 2019 issue for the introduction and background to the series.
Google Trends and pollen concentrations in allergy and airway diseases in France
Authors: Bousquet Jean , Onorato Gabrielle L. , Oliver Gilles , Basagana Xavier , Annesi‐Maesano Isabella , Arnavielhe Sylvie , Besancenot Jean‐Pierre , Bosse Isabelle , Bousquet Philippe J. , André Charpin Denis , Caillaud D. , Demoly Pascal , Devillier Philippe , Mathieu‐Dupas Eve , Fontaine Jean‐François M. , Just Jocelyne , Anto Josep M. , Fonseca João , Berger Uwe , Thibaudon Michel 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundGoogle Trends (GTs) is a web‐based surveillance tool that explores the searching trends of specific queries via Google. This tool proposes to reflect the real‐life epidemiology of allergic rhinitis and asthma. However, the validation of GTs against pollen concentrations is missing at the country level.ObjectivesIn the present study, we used GTs (a) to compare the terms related to allergy in France, (b) to assess seasonal variations across the country for 5 years and (c) to compare GTs and pollen concentrations for 2016.MethodsGoogle Trends queries were initially searched to investigate the terms reflecting pollen and allergic diseases. 13‐ and 5‐year GTs were used in France. Then, 5‐year GTs were assessed in all metropolitan French regions to assess the seasonality of GTs. Finally, GTs were compared with pollen concentrations (Réseau National de Surveillance en Aerobiology) for 2016 in seven regions (GTs) and corresponding cities (pollen concentrations).ResultsThe combination of searches for “allergy” as a disease, “pollen” as a disease cause and “ragweed” as a plant was needed to fully assess the pollen season in France. “Asthma” did not show any seasonality. Using the 5‐year GTs, an annual and clear seasonality of queries was found in all regions depending on the predicted pollen exposure for spring and a summer peak but not for winter peaks. The agreement between GT queries and pollen concentrations is usually poor except for spring trees and grasses. Moreover, cypress pollens are insufficiently reported by GTs.ConclusionsGoogle Trends cannot predict the pollen season in France.
The links of hepcidin and erythropoietin in the interplay of inflammation and iron deficiency in a large observational study of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Scholz Godehard A. , Leichtle Alexander B. , Scherer Almut , Arndt Uta , Fiedler Martin , Aeberli Daniel , Finckh Axel , Gabay Cem , Kyburz Diego , Villiger Peter M. , Möller Burkhard 
Published: April 2019

SummaryAnaemia affects quality of life and radiographic outcome in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In a cross‐sectional study with 779 patients, we assessed the prognostic potential of the major haematopoietic regulators, hepcidin and erythropoietin, comparing their serum concentrations with respect to different anaemia types, inflammatory activity, anti‐cytokine‐specific treatment effects and iron deficiency (ID) indices. The results showed that clinical disease activity was more closely associated with haemoglobin levels than with anti‐tumour necrosis factor‐alpha or interleukin 6 receptor effects. In ID, hepcidin was suppressed, independently of inflammation. Erythropoietin levels were inappropriately low in relation to the degree of anaemia, but, in contrast to low haemoglobin, not directly associated with joint damage progression. Hepcidin and erythropoietin levels are intimately connected with inflammation and ID. Interventional studies on these important targets are already in progress.
Racial Disparities in Sleep: Associations With Discrimination Among Ethnic/Racial Minority Adolescents
Authors: Yip Tiffany , Cheon Yuen Mi , Wang Yijie , Cham Heining , Tryon Warren , El‐Sheikh Mona 
Published: April 2019

This study investigates the same‐day associations between discrimination and sleep among 350 adolescents ages 13–15 (M = 14.29, SD = 0.65; Asian = 41%, Black = 22%, Latinx = 37%). Assessing sleep duration, sleep onset latency, and wake minutes after sleep onset using wrist actigraphy, Black adolescents slept 35 min less than Asian and 36 min less than Latinx youth. Black adolescents suffered the most wake minutes after sleep onset, followed by Latinx and Asian youth. Latinx youth reported the highest levels of sleep disturbance, whereas Asian youth reported the highest levels of daytime dysfunction. Daily discrimination was associated with lower levels of same‐night sleep onset latency, more sleep disturbance, more next‐day daytime dysfunction, and higher next‐day daytime sleepiness.
Continuous infusion of an agonist of the tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 in the spinal cord improves recovery after traumatic contusive injury
Authors: Gerald Marcus J. , Bracchi‐Ricard Valerie , Ricard Jerome , Fischer Roman , Nandakumar Bharadwaj , Blumenthal Gary H. , Williams Raushaun , Kontermann Roland E. , Pfizenmaier Klaus , Moxon Karen A. , Bethea John R. 
Published: April 2019

SummaryAimThe activation of the TNFR2 receptor is beneficial in several pathologies of the central nervous system, and this study examines whether it can ameliorate the recovery process following spinal cord injury.MethodsEHD2‐sc‐mTNFR2, an agonist specific for TNFR2, was used to treat neurons exposed to high levels of glutamate in vitro. In vivo, it was infused directly to the spinal cord via osmotic pumps immediately after a contusion to the cord at the T9 level. Locomotion behavior was assessed for 6 weeks, and the tissue was analyzed (lesion size, RNA and protein expression, cell death) after injury. Somatosensory evoked potentials were also measured in response to hindlimb stimulation.ResultsThe activation of TNFR2 protected neurons from glutamate‐mediated excitotoxicity through the activation of phosphoinositide‐3 kinase gamma in vitro and improved the locomotion of animals following spinal cord injury. The extent of the injury was not affected by infusing EHD2‐sc‐mTNFR2, but higher levels of neurofilament H and 2′, 3′‐cyclic‐nucleotide 3′‐phosphodiesterase were observed 6 weeks after the injury. Finally, the activation of TNFR2 after injury increased the neural response recorded in the cortex following hindlimb stimulation.ConclusionThe activation of TNFR2 in the spinal cord following contusive injury leads to enhanced locomotion and better cortical responses to hindlimb stimulation.
Ixazomib maintenance therapy in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: An integrated analysis of four phase I/II studies
Authors: Dimopoulos Meletios A. , Laubach Jacob P. , Echeveste Gutierrez Maria Asunción , Grzasko Norbert , Hofmeister Craig C. , San‐Miguel Jesus F. , Kumar Shaji , Labotka Richard , Lu Vickie , Berg Deborah , Byrne Catriona , Teng Zhaoyang , Liu Guohui , van de Velde Helgi , Richardson Paul G. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of maintenance therapy with the oral proteasome inhibitor ixazomib in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) not undergoing transplantation.MethodsData were pooled from four NDMM phase I/II studies; patients received induction therapy with once‐ or twice‐weekly ixazomib plus lenalidomide‐dexamethasone (IRd), melphalan‐prednisone (IMP), or cyclophosphamide‐dexamethasone (ICd), followed by single‐agent ixazomib maintenance, given at the last tolerated dose during induction, until disease progression, death, or unacceptable toxicity.ResultsA total of 121 patients achieved stable disease or better after induction (weekly IRd, n = 25; twice‐weekly IRd, n = 18; weekly or twice‐weekly IMP, n = 35; weekly ICd, n = 43) and received ≥ 1 dose of ixazomib maintenance. Grade ≥ 3 drug‐related adverse events occurred in 24% of patients during maintenance; each event was reported in ≤2% of patients. Rates of complete response were 22% after induction and 35% after maintenance. A total of 28 patients (23%) improved their response during maintenance.ConclusionsIxazomib maintenance following ixazomib‐based induction is associated with deepening of responses and a positive safety profile with no cumulative toxicity in patients with NDMM not undergoing transplantation, suggesting that ixazomib is feasible for long‐term administration. Phase III investigation of ixazomib maintenance is ongoing.
Tracing the footprints of a moving hybrid zone under a demographic history of speciation with gene flow
Authors: Menon Mitra , Landguth Erin , Leal‐Saenz Alejandro , Bagley Justin C. , Schoettle Anna W. , Wehenkel Christian , Flores‐Renteria Lluvia , Cushman Samuel A. , Waring Kristen M. , Eckert Andrew J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA lack of optimal gene combinations, as well as low levels of genetic diversity, is often associated with the formation of species range margins. Conservation efforts rely on predictive modelling using abiotic variables and assessments of genetic diversity to determine target species and populations for controlled breeding, germplasm conservation and assisted migration. Biotic factors such as interspecific competition and hybridization, however, are largely ignored, despite their prevalence across diverse taxa and their role as key evolutionary forces. Hybridization between species with well‐developed barriers to reproductive isolation often results in the production of offspring with lower fitness. Generation of novel allelic combinations through hybridization, however, can also generate positive fitness consequences. Despite this possibility, hybridization‐mediated introgression is often considered a threat to biodiversity as it can blur species boundaries. The contribution of hybridization towards increasing genetic diversity of populations at range margins has only recently gathered attention in conservation studies. We assessed the extent to which hybridization contributes towards range dynamics by tracking spatio‐temporal changes in the central location of a hybrid zone between two recently diverged species of pines: Pinus strobiformis and P. flexilis. By comparing geographic cline centre estimates for global admixture coefficient with morphological traits associated with reproductive output, we demonstrate a northward shift in the hybrid zone. Using a combination of spatially explicit, individual‐based simulations and linkage disequilibrium variance partitioning, we note a significant contribution of adaptive introgression towards this northward movement, despite the potential for differences in regional population size to aid hybrid zone movement. Overall, our study demonstrates that hybridization between recently diverged species can increase genetic diversity and generate novel allelic combinations. These novel combinations may allow range margin populations to track favourable climatic conditions or facilitate adaptive evolution to ongoing and future climate change.
Risk factors, complications and management of lymphocele formation after radical prostatectomy: A mini‐review
Authors: Tsaur Igor , Thomas Christian 
Published: April 2019

AbstractLymphocele formation is the most common adverse event of pelvic lymphadenectomy during radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer. Previous studies failed to favor one surgical technique over the other in terms of minimizing its rate. Data on risk factors for its development are still conflicting and warranting further research. In this mini‐review, we aimed to scrutinize available evidence on these aspects and outline current achievements in lymphocele prevention approaches.
Authoritarian neoliberalism in AKP's Turkey: an industrial relations perspective
Authors: Özkiziltan Didem 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAuthoritarian neoliberal governance of industrial relations is on the rise around the world, displaying remarkable similarities across countries with similar democratic political structures. However, despite a certain degree of resemblance, countries have been following divergent paths rendering each case unique in terms of its experience. This article explains the specific path through which authoritarian neoliberalism was materialised in the governance of Turkey's industrial relations under AKP rule. It is purported that AKP's pursuit of authoritarian neoliberalism in its governance of industrial relations shares certain similarities with the emerging market economies, which have a less democratic political system. However, it is contended that the governance of Turkey's industrial relations under AKP leadership embodies spatially and temporally distinct characteristics integrating long‐established authoritarian institutional structures and practices with neoliberal ideology, powerful political alliances, Islamic values, repressive practices and mounting resistance, thus rendering it a unique form of authoritarian neoliberalism.
Using a motion‐controlled game to teach four elementary school children with intellectual disabilities to improve hand hygiene
Authors: Kang Ya‐Shu , Chang Yao‐Jen 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) may have difficulties in performing daily living tasks. Among other daily living tasks, independent personal hygiene is an essential life skill for people with ID.Materials and MethodsFour children in a special education class participated in the experiment. We employed the Kinect V2 sensor to gamify hand washing. Specifically, a non‐concurrent multiple baseline design was adopted to demonstrate the relation between game‐based intervention and washing hands independently.ResultsData showed that the percentage of correct task steps increased among all four participants. Social validity results showed the parents considered the video game was very useful and it had helped their children learn the hand hygiene skills effectively.ConclusionsAlthough the game is a highly accepted training tool for school‐use, it currently remains error‐prone. A more technically robust system will likely result in higher participant motivation and task performance.
Micronutrient powder supplements combined with nutrition education marginally improve growth amongst children aged 6–23 months in rural Burkina Faso: A cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lanou Hermann B. , Osendarp Saskia J.M. , Argaw Alemayehu , De Polnay Kirrily , Ouédraogo Catherine , Kouanda Seni , Kolsteren Patrick 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMicronutrients powder (MNP) can prevent anaemia amongst children 6–23 months old. However, evidence of an effect on growth is limited and concerns about the safety of iron‐containing MNP interventions limits their applicability. In a cluster randomized controlled intervention, we evaluated the effectiveness of a nutritional package including counselling and provision of MNP to improve the nutritional status of children aged 6–23 months and the effect of sustained use of MNP on morbidity in a malaria‐endemic area. Child feeding practises and nutritional status were assessed through cross‐sectional surveys. Biweekly morbidity surveillance and anthropometry measurements were carried out in a nested cohort study. No significant differences in the prevalence of wasting (−0.7% [−6.8, 5.3] points; p = .805), stunting (+4.6% [−2.9, 12.0] points; p = .201), or mean length‐for‐age z‐score and weight‐for‐length z‐score scores were found between study groups. The proportion of children with a minimum dietary diversity score and those with a minimum acceptable diet significantly increased in the intervention group compared with the control by 6.5% points (p = .043) and 5.8% points (p = .037), respectively. There were no significant differences in the risk of diarrhoea (RR: 1.68, 95% CI [0.94, 3.08]), fever (RR: 1.20 [0.82, 1.77]), and malaria (RR: 0.68 [0.37, 1.26]) between study groups. In the nested study, the rate of linear growth was higher in the intervention than in the control group by 0.013 SD/month (p = .027). In a programmatic intervention, MNP and nutrition education marginally improved child feeding practises and growth, without increasing morbidity from malaria or fever.
Coordinating Nigeria's micronutrient deficiency control programs is necessary to prevent deficiencies and toxicity risks
Authors: Anjorin Olufolakemi , Okpala Oluchi , Adeyemi Olutayo 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNigeria has an alarming prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies that has persisted over decades. National Micronutrient Deficiency Control (MNDC) guidelines describe several interventions to address the issue. This study identified and described currently implemented interventions, assessed coverage and coordination of the interventions, and considered the risk of overdosage and gaps. Methods included reviews of policy and program documents, key informant interviews, market, and pharmacy visits. The study found that an array of MNDC interventions were being implemented, including public health supplementation, mandatory fortification, point‐of‐use fortification, biofortification, promotion of dietary diversity, voluntary fortification, and ad hoc individual supplement use. Insufficient coordination existed for government, private, and civil society interventions within the health sector and between health and other sectors. Dosages of micronutrients supplied by different interventions were set independently of each other and target populations overlapped. Inadequate implementation of various interventions appeared to reduce the risk of excessive micronutrient intakes, but increased the risk of deficiencies. The risk of excessive intakes will likely increase with improved implementation and scale‐up. There is a need to develop effective coordination structures for MNDC in Nigeria that will critically examine the landscape, decide modalities for different interventions, and ensure that both deficiencies and risk of excessive intakes are minimized.
Structural correlates of the orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala and personality in female adolescents
Authors: Delaparte Lauren , Bartlett Elizabeth , Grazioplene Rachael , Perlman Greg , Gardus John , DeLorenzo Christine , Klein Daniel N. , Kotov Roman 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe five‐factor model consists of cognitive‐affective‐behavioral trait dimensions (neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, conscientiousness) that are central to models of psychopathology. In adults, individual differences in three of the Big Five traits, neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness, have been linked to structural morphology and connectivity of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and the amygdala, two brain regions critically involved in affective and regulatory processing. It is unclear whether these associations manifest in adolescence, a critical neurodevelopmental period during which many forms of psychiatric illness emerge. A total of 223 adolescent girls (ages 14–16 years) completed a multimodal neuroimaging study that utilized T1‐weighted structural MRI (e.g., cortical thickness and volume) and tractography‐based diffusion tensor imaging (64‐direction). Cortical thickness and volume were extracted from the medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) and amygdala and tractography‐based fractional anisotropy was computed in the uncinate fasciculus (UF; the white matter tract connecting the OFC to the temporal lobe). We found that high neuroticism was associated with less mOFC volume (bilateral), and low conscientiousness was associated with higher white matter integrity in the UF, more amygdala volume, and less mOFC thickness (right hemisphere). Extraversion was not observed to share associations with OFC markers. These OFC‐amygdala structural correlations to personality do not match those reported in adult samples. Multimodal neuroimaging techniques can help to clarify the underpinnings of personality development between adolescence and adulthood.
Changing dialysate composition to optimize acid‐base therapy
Authors: Sargent John A. , Marano Marco , Marano Stefano , Gennari F. John 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn response to rapid alkali delivery during hemodialysis, hydrogen ions (H+) are mobilized from body buffers and from stimulation of organic acid production in amounts sufficient to convert most of the delivered bicarbonate to CO2 and water. Release of H+ from nonbicarbonate buffers serves to back‐titrate them to a more alkaline state, readying them to buffer acids that accumulate in the interval between treatments. By contrast, stimulation of organic acid production only serves to remove added bicarbonate (HCO3−) from the body; the organic anions produced by this process are lost into the dialysate, irreversibly acidifying the patient as well as diverting metabolic activity from normal homeostasis. We have developed an analytic tool to quantify these acid‐base events, which has shown that almost two‐thirds of the H+ mobilized during hemodialysis comes from organic acid production when bath bicarbonate concentration ([HCO3−]) is 32 mEq/L or higher. Using data from the hemodialysis patients we studied with our analytical model, we have simulated the effect of changing bath solute on estimated organic acid production. Our simulations demonstrate that reducing bath [HCO3−] should decrease organic acid production, a change we propose as beneficial to the patient. They also highlight the differential effects of variations in bath acetate concentration, as compared to [HCO3−], on the amount and rate of alkali delivery. Our results suggest that transferring HCO3− delivery from direct influx to acetate influx and metabolism provides a more stable and predictable rate of HCO3− addition to the patient receiving bicarbonate‐based hemodialysis. Our simulations provide the groundwork for the clinical studies needed to verify these conclusions.