bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A ansiedade da judaicidade em Dostoiévski e a poética de Os irmãos Karamázov
Authors: Shrayer Maxim 
Published: June 2019

O artigo oferece uma panorâmica bem ampla dos diversos aspetos que condicionam a preocupação de Dostoiévski com os judeus e o judaísmo. Ao adotar, em sua obra Os irmãos Karamázov, uma abordagem inteiramente nova para o problema do preconceito anti-judaico, o autor apresenta o complexo contexto histórico que domina os eventos mais controvertidos do romance e convida o leitor a buscar uma compreensão mais profunda da relações entre judeus e cristãos.The article offers a comprehensive overview of various approaches to Dostoevsky’s preoccupation with Jews and Judaism. In advancing an entirely novel approach to the treatment of anti-Jewish prejudice in The Brothers Karamazov, the author steeps some of novel’s most controversial scenes ina rich historical context while also challenging its readers to seek a deeper understanding of Jewish-Christian relations.
Dostoiévski, Niilismo e Fé
Authors: Drucker Claudia 
Published: June 2019

É preciso considerar a questão da fé antes de considerar a questão da religião, porque, no pensamento dostoievskiano, o oposto do ateísmo é a fé. Esta pode estar ausente da religião institucionalizada, quando esta se torna uma casca vazia, e incapaz de responder ao ateu. É benéfico conhecer algumas referências de época. O contexto da discussão com o ateísmo é o debate sobre o niilismo, na sua vertente russa da década de 1860. O “reacionarismo” dostoievskiano é antes de tudo um antiniilismo, que se reflete em teses econômicas, mas é muito mais amplo. Superar o niilismo é afirmar, entre outras coisas, que o homem não é um nada que só ganha conteúdo em sociedade; que ele tem de passar por um processo doloroso de aceitação de suas deficiências para conquistar a consciência moral. O niilismo só encontra na fé o seu oposto, porque exige uma renúncia ao Eu de que o intelecto, por si só, não é capaz. One must ask about faith before asking about religion in Dostoevsky´s thought. Faith can be absent from institutionalized religion, when it turns into an empty shell, thus unable to discuss atheism. It is necessary to identify some local discussions in 1860´s educated Russia. The debate on nihilism, as defined then, helps us identify the main points of Dostoevsky’s contention with atheism. We must understand his so-called conservatism as antinihilism that points to a standpoint on economic policy, but is much wider. Overcoming nihilism implies, among others, that man in not a nothing that is fulfilled by society; that he must undergo a painful process of acceptance of his flaws, in order to achieve moral consciousness. Nihilism finds in faith its opposite, because it requires a resignation which intellect alone is incapable of.
Musculoskeletal Ultrasound in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Systematic Literature Review by the Lupus Task Force of the OMERACT Ultrasound Working Group
Authors: Wong Priscilla C. , Lee Gavin , Sedie Andrea Delle , Hanova Petra , Inanc Nevsun , Jousse-Joulin Sandrine , Ohrndorf Sarah , Stoenoiu Maria S. , Keen Helen I. , Terslev Lene , D’Agostino Maria-Antonietta , Bruyn George A. 
Published: June 2019

Objective.To identify and synthesize the best available evidence on the application of musculoskeletal (MSK) ultrasound (US) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to present the measurement properties of US in different elementary lesions and pathologies.Methods.A systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was performed. Original articles were included that were published in English between August 1, 2014, and December 31, 2018, reporting US, Doppler, synovitis, joint effusion, bone erosion, tenosynovitis, and enthesitis in patients with SLE. Data extraction focused on the definition and quantification of US-detected synovitis, joint effusion, bone erosion, tenosynovitis, enthesitis, and the measurement properties of US according to the OMERACT Filter 2.1 instruments selection.Results.Of the 143 identified articles, 15 were included. Most articles were cross-sectional studies (14/15, 93%). The majority of the studies used the OMERACT definitions for ultrasonographic pathology. Regarding the measurement properties of US in different elementary lesions and pathologies, all studies dealt with face validity, content validity, and feasibility. Most studies achieved construct validity. Concerning the reliability of image reading, 1 study (1/15, 7%) assessed both intraobserver and interobserver reliability. For image acquisition, 4 studies (4/15, 27%) evaluated interobserver reliability and none had evaluated intraobserver reliability. Criterion validity was assessed in 1 study (1/15, 7%). Responsiveness was not considered in any of the studies.Conclusion.This literature review demonstrates the need for further research and validation work to define the involvement of US as an outcome measurement instrument for the MSK manifestations in patients with SLE.
Does Abatacept Increase Postoperative Adverse Events in Rheumatoid Arthritis Compared with Conventional Synthetic Disease-modifying Drugs?
Authors: Ito Hiromu , Tsuji Shigeyoshi , Nakayama Masanori , Mochida Yuichi , Nishida Keiichiro , Ishikawa Hajime , Kojima Toshihisa , Matsumoto Takumi , Kubota Ayako , Mochizuki Takeshi , Sakuraba Koji , Matsushita Isao , Nakajima Arata , Hara Ryota , Haraguchi Akihisa , Matsubara Tsukasa , Kanbe Katsuaki , Nakagawa Natsuko , Hamaguchi Masahide , Momohara Shigeki ,   the JOSRA Consortium
Published: June 2019

Objective.To investigate whether abatacept (ABA) causes more adverse events (AE) than conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARD) after orthopedic surgery in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods.A retrospective multicenter nested case–control study was performed in 18 institutions. Patients receiving ABA (ABA group) were matched individually with patients receiving csDMARD and/or steroids (control group). Postoperative AE included surgical site infection, delayed wound healing, deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, flare, and death. The incidence rates of the AE in both groups were compared with the Mantel-Haenszel test. Risk factors for AE were analyzed by logistic regression model.Results.A total of 3358 cases were collected. After inclusion and exclusion, 2651 patients were selected for matching, and 194 patients in 97 pairs were chosen for subsequent comparative analyses between the ABA and control groups. No between-group differences were detected in the incidence rates of each AE or in the incidence rates of total AE (control vs ABA: 15.5% vs 20.7% in total, 5.2% vs 3.1% in death).Conclusion.Compared with csDMARD and/or steroids without ABA, adding ABA to the treatment does not appear to increase the incidence rates of postoperative AE in patients with RA undergoing orthopedic surgery. Large cohort studies should be performed to add evidence for the perioperative safety profile of ABA.
Blood Pressure Variability and Age-related Blood Pressure Patterns in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Stojan George , Magder Laurence S. , Petri Michelle 
Published: June 2019

Objective.Despite the high prevalence of cardiovascular (CV) disease among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the relationship between age, blood pressure (BP), and BP variability (BPV) is not well understood. We studied visit-to-visit BPV, its relationship to age, clinical, and demographic characteristics, and its potential role as a CV risk factor in patients with SLE.Methods.We analyzed systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) measures in our cohort using mixed-effects regression models. From these models, we then obtained estimates of the mean BP, the visit-to-visit SD, and the between-person SD. The estimated means were compared to the general population using data from the National Health Statistics Reports from 2001 to 2008. In addition, we examined the relationship between BP (means, variances), patient demographic and clinical characteristics, and subsequent CV events.Results.The mean SBP in SLE increased with age and was significantly higher in younger patients compared to the general population. BPV in SLE was elevated across all ages. BPV was significantly higher in African Americans, in patients with traditional CV risk factors, those with high disease activity, and in patients taking prednisone. Hydroxychloroquine was associated with significantly lower BPV. Within-person variability in DBP of ≥ 9 mmHg was highly associated with CV events in a multivariate analysis.Conclusion.Age-related BP patterns in SLE differ from the general population. Increased visit-to-visit BPV is affected by many disease-specific and traditional CV factors. Increased DBP variability is highly associated with CV events in SLE.
Evolution of Pulmonary Function in a Cohort of Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease and Positive for Antisynthetase Antibodies
Authors: González-Pérez Montserrat Ixchel , Mejía-Hurtado José Guillermo , Pérez-Román Diana Isabel , Buendía-Roldán Ivette , Mejía Mayra , Falfán-Valencia Ramcés , Mateos-Toledo Heidegger N. , Rojas-Serrano Jorge 
Published: June 2019

Objective.To describe the evolution of the pulmonary function in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) who are positive for at least 1 of the antisynthetase antibodies (ASAB) after medical treatment, and to compare whether the evolution of pulmonary function is associated with the type of ASAB.Methods.Patients with ILD and positive for at least 1 of the ASAB (anti-Jo1, anti-PL7, anti-PL12, anti-EJ, or anti-OJ) were included. The clinical evolution, time until death or censoring, and improvement of lung disease were registered.Results.The study included 118 patients. Most of the patients had a high extent of ground glass opacities in high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and low extent of fibrosis. In the final evaluation of pulmonary function (median 749.5 days of followup), 67% of the patients had lung disease improvement. The improvement occurred within the first 6 months after initiating medical treatment; thereafter, pulmonary function remained stable in most of the patients. A decrease of the extent of ground glass opacities was demonstrated in HRCT at followup in those patients with pulmonary improvement. No differences were observed in the percentage of patients who achieved improvement between the ASAB groups, or in survival.Conclusion.Improvement of pulmonary function was observed in 67% of the patients. Improvement was observed in all ASAB groups and occurred within 6 months after initiating medical treatment.
Correlates of Successful Rheumatoid Arthritis Flare Management: Clinician-driven Treatment, Home-based Strategies, and Medication Change
Authors: Mahmoud Taysir G. , Huang Jie , Frits Michelle , Iannaccone Christine , Bykerk Vivian , Bingham Clifton O. , Weinblatt Michael , Shadick Nancy A. 
Published: June 2019

Objective.Describe strategies used to manage rheumatoid arthritis (RA) flares that contribute to a successful postflare outcome.Methods.Data were collected from the BRASS registry, including clinical and patient-reported outcomes, and a survey with a Likert scale assessing postflare symptoms (better, unchanged, or worse). A logistic regression analysis adjusting for age, sex, flare number in the past 6 months, flare pain severity, home management, clinical consultation, and medication change was performed to evaluate factors influencing flare outcome.Results.Of 503 participants, 185 reported at least 1 flare that had resolved in the past 6 months, with median (interquartile range) 28-joint count Disease Activity Score based on C-reactive protein 3 score 2.1 (1.7–2.8). Compared with RA symptoms before the flare, 22 (12%) patients felt worse, 125 (68%) were unchanged, and 38 (20%) felt better. To manage flares, 72% of patients used home-based remedies, 23% sought clinical consultation, and 56% made medication change. Of 103 patients who changed medication, 70% did so without seeking clinical advice. Making a medication change (OR 3.48, 95% CI 1.68–7.21) and having lower flare pain (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.71–0.97) were associated with better flare outcome.Conclusion.Flares occur frequently even in patients with low disease activity. Independent of home-based or clinically guided care, making a medication change and having less severe pain during a flare were associated with better flare outcomes. Of interest, the decision to change medications was frequently made without clinical advice. Future studies might address how best to intervene when patients experience flares and whether patient-initiated medication changes have adverse outcomes.
Methotrexate in the Treatment of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis
Authors: Postolova Anna , Troxell Megan L. , Wapnir Irene L. , Genovese Mark C. 
Published: June 2019

Objective.Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a disfiguring inflammatory breast disease without effective treatment. We report the largest IGM cohort treated with methotrexate (MTX) monotherapy.Methods.Chart review was performed on patients evaluated by the Stanford Immunology and Rheumatology Clinic, with histopathologically established IGM treated with MTX, and at least 1 followup appointment.Results.Nineteen female patients with a mean age of 33.5 years were identified. Most failed treatment with antibiotics, prednisone, and surgical intervention. By 15 months of treatment with MTX, 94% had disease improvement and 75% achieved disease remission.Conclusion.MTX monotherapy is an effective treatment for IGM.
Rituximab Therapy for Systemic Rheumatoid Vasculitis: Indications, Outcomes, and Adverse Events
Authors: Coffey Caitrin M. , Richter Michael D. , Crowson Cynthia S. , Koster Matthew J. , Warrington Kenneth J. , Ytterberg Steven R. , Makol Ashima 
Published: June 2019

Objective.To characterize the indication, outcomes, and adverse effects of rituximab (RTX) treatment in a large single-center cohort of patients with systemic rheumatoid vasculitis (RV).Methods.We retrospectively reviewed the medical charts of 17 patients treated with RTX for systemic RV from 2000 to 2017. Clinical characteristics, outcomes, and adverse effects were analyzed.Results.At RV diagnosis, mean age was 59 years, 59% were female, 94% were white, and 82% had positive rheumatoid factor. At the time of initiating RTX, median Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score for rheumatoid arthritis was 4.0 (interquartile range 2.0–7.5). RV presented in the skin in 8 patients (47%), as mononeuritis multiplex in 2 (12%), inflammatory ocular disease in 2 (12%), and affected multiple organ systems in 5 (29%). RTX was used for induction therapy in 8 patients (47%), relapsing RV in 4 (24%), second-line therapy in 2 (12%), and salvage therapy or in combination with another agent in 3 (18%). At 3 months, 2 (13%) of 15 patients with available followup information achieved complete remission (CR), and 10 (67%) achieved partial response (PR). At 6 months, 6 patients (40%) achieved CR, 8 (53%) achieved PR, and one had no response. At 12 months, 8 of 13 patients with available records (62%) had CR and 5 patients (38%) had PR.Conclusion.Systemic RV is difficult to treat effectively. CR of RV was achieved in 62% and PR in 38% of patients within 12 months of RTX use. Further evidence is needed to inform treatment for patients with RV.
Association Between Comorbidities and Quality of Life in Psoriatic Arthritis: Results from a Multicentric Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Bavière Wallis , Deprez Xavier , Houvenagel Eric , Philippe Peggy , Deken Valerie , Flipo Rene-Marc , Paccou Julien 
Published: June 2019

Objective.In psoriatic arthritis (PsA), comorbidities add to the burden of disease, which may lead to poorer quality of life. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between comorbidities and quality of life (QOL).Methods.Patients from a multicentric, cross-sectional study on comorbidities in PsA were included in the analysis. Data on comorbidities were collected and were subsequently used to compute the modified Rheumatic Disease Comorbidity Index (mRDCI). The Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 questionnaire physical (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scales were used to assess QOL.Results.In total, 124 recruited patients fulfilled the ClASsification for Psoriatic ARthritis criteria (CASPAR): 62.1% were male; mean age and mean disease duration were 52.6 ± 12.6 years and 11.3 ± 9.6 years, respectively. The number of comorbid conditions was 2.0 ± 1.3, with 30.6% of the sample having currently or a history of 3 or more comorbidities. In the multivariate linear regression analysis, only anxiety remained significantly related to mental health (p < 0.0001). Anxiety alone accounted for 28.7% of the variance in MCS scores. Moreover, MCS was also significantly associated with the mRDCI score, which explained 4.9% of the variance in MCS [β = −1.56 (standard error 0.64), R2= 0.049, p = 0.0167]. In contrast, PCS was not significantly associated either with type or number of comorbidities.Conclusion.In this study, the type of comorbidity appeared to have a greater effect than the number of comorbidities. Indeed, anxiety in PsA was independently associated with QOL and would thus be an important factor to take into account in daily clinical practice.
Treating Psoriatic Arthritis to Target: Defining the Psoriatic Arthritis Disease Activity Score That Reflects a State of Minimal Disease Activity
Authors: Perruccio Anthony V. , Got Matthew , Li Suzanne , Ye Yang , Gladman Dafna D. , Chandran Vinod 
Published: June 2019

Objective.The Psoriatic Arthritis Disease Activity Score (PASDAS) is a composite disease activity measure (range 0–10) for psoriatic arthritis (PsA). We aimed to validate a cutoff value of PASDAS that defines minimal disease activity (MDA) state, as well as to validate previously defined PASDAS cutoffs for low and high disease activity.Methods.Patients were prospectively recruited from the University of Toronto PsA clinic according to a standard protocol, and variables necessary to complete the PASDAS and the MDA were collected. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis determined the optimal PASDAS cutoff discriminating patients in MDA state from those not in MDA. Previously proposed PASDAS disease activity cutoff scores were validated by determining the proportion of patients requiring treatment escalation, a surrogate of active disease, in each of low, moderate, and high disease activity groups.Results.One hundred seventy-eight patients [53.9% male, mean PASDAS 3.29 (SD 1.29), 47.8% in MDA] were recruited. ROC curve analysis identified a PASDAS score of 3.2 as the point that maximized the sensitivity and specificity for MDA based on 5 of 7 criteria (sensitivity 88%, specificity 92%, area under the curve 0.96). For MDA based on meeting 6 of 7 and 7 of 7 criteria, PASDAS scores of 2.6 and 2.1 maximized sensitivity and specificity, respectively. An increasing proportion of patients from low to moderate to high disease activity groups required treatment escalation, increasing from 8.1% to 42% to 67%, respectively.Conclusion.A PASDAS score < 3.2 reflects MDA. This study has externally validated PASDAS cutoff scores previously proposed to differentiate between low, moderate, and high disease activity.
Infection Rates Before and After Diagnosis of IgA Vasculitis in Childhood: A Population-wide Study Using Non-exposed Matched Controls
Authors: Nossent Johannes C. , Raymond Warren , Keen Helen , Preen David B. , Inderjeeth Charles A. 
Published: June 2019

Objective.Clinical data suggest that infections can trigger IgA vasculitis (IgAV), but longterm observations are lacking. We compared rates, types, and microorganisms for serious infection before and after diagnosis for children with IgAV and non-exposed controls.Methods.Using population-based administrative linked health datasets we estimated incidence rates (IR) for serious infection per 1000 person-months for patients with IgAV (n = 504, age 5 yrs, 59.1% males) and controls matched for age, sex, and year of presentation (n = 1281, age 6 yrs, 66% males). Time zero (T0) was the date of IgAV diagnosis or equivalent date in controls, lookback (median 38 mos) was the period prior to T0, and followup (median 239 mos) was the period after T0.Results.During lookback, prevalence of serious infection was similar in patients with IgAV and controls (11.5% vs 9.5%, respectively), but patients with IgAV had a higher rate of upper respiratory tract infections [incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.79; 95% CI 1.39–2.31] with shorter time between first serious infection and T0 (27 vs 43 mos; p = 0.02). During followup, patients were at a constant increased risk for serious infections (IRR 1.46, 95% CI 1.35–1.58). These rates were higher during followup: sepsis (IRR 12.6), pneumonia (IRR 6.19), upper respiratory tract infections (IRR 2.36), and skin infections (IRR 1.85). There was little overlap between patients with serious infections in the lookback and followup periods.Conclusion.In patients with childhood IgAV there is an increased longterm risk for a broader spectrum of infections, which is unrelated to serious infections prior to diagnosis or treatment. This suggests disease-specific factors may have a lasting effect on immune competence in childhood IgAV.
Secukinumab Immunogenicity over 52 Weeks in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis and Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Deodhar Atul , Gladman Dafna D. , McInnes Iain B. , Spindeldreher Sebastian , Martin Ruvie , Pricop Luminita , Porter Brian , Safi Jorge , Shete Abhijit , Bruin Gerard 
Published: June 2019

Objective.Secukinumab, a fully human antiinterleukin 17A monoclonal antibody, is efficacious for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). This study examined the immunogenicity of secukinumab in patients with PsA and AS exposed to secukinumab for up to 52 weeks.Methods.Antibody bridging assays were used to assess the immunogenicity of secukinumab in patients with PsA [FUTURE 1–3 studies, and AS (MEASURE 1–4 studies)]. Evaluations were at baseline and at weeks 16 (AS only), 24, and 52. Treatment-emergent antidrug antibodies (TE-ADA) were defined as a positive ADA signal in ≥ 1 posttreatment sample in patients negative at baseline. Positive samples were analyzed for drug-neutralizing potential, and effect of TE-ADA on secukinumab pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity-related adverse events (AE), and efficacy through Week 52 were assessed.Results.Of 1414 treated PsA and 1164 treated AS patients with samples available for immunogenicity evaluation, 5 (0.35%) and 8 (0.69%), respectively, developed TE-ADA. All but 1 PsA patient were biologic-naive; two of the 5 PsA and one of the 8 AS patients received concomitant methotrexate, and two of the 8 AS patients received concomitant sulfasalazine. Associations between TE-ADA and secukinumab dose, frequency, or administration mode were not observed. Other than one PsA patient, all TE-ADA were non-neutralizing. No TE-ADA were associated with any AE. All TE-ADA were associated with normal secukinumab pharmacokinetics and none were associated with loss of secukinumab efficacy.Conclusion.Secukinumab treatment was associated with a low (< 1%) incidence of immunogenicity in patients with PsA or AS. (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01392326; NCT01752634; NCT01989468; NCT01358175; NCT01649375; NCT02008916; NCT02159053)