bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dorsal root ganglia CSF1+ neuronal subtypes have different impact on macrophages and microglia after spared nerve injury
Authors: Grosu Andreea Violeta , Gheorghe Roxana‐Olimpia , Filippi Alexandru , Deftu Alexandru Florian , Isler Manon , Suter Marc , Ristoiu Violeta 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsColony‐stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) is a growth factor secreted by dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons important for DRG macrophages and spinal cord (SC) microglia injury‐induced proliferation and activation, specifically released after spared nerve injury (SNI). In this study, we investigated if SNI‐induced CSF1 expression and perineuronal rings of macrophages around mouse DRG neurons vary between L3‐L5 DRG and with the neuronal type, and if the CSF1+ neuronal projections at the SC dorsal horns were associated with an increased microglial number in the corresponding laminae.MethodsSeven days after surgery, L3‐L5 DRG as well as their corresponding segments at the SC level were collected, frozen, and cut. DRG sections were double‐immunostained using antibodies against CSF1 and NF200, CGRP or IB4, while SC sections were immunostained using a fluorescent Nissl Stain and analyzed for CX3CR1‐GFP microglia number and distribution by an in‐house ImageJ Plug‐in.ResultsOur results showed that SNI‐induced CSF1 expression was common for all subtypes of mouse DRG neurons, being responsible for attracting more resident macrophages around them in a DRG‐dependent manner, with L4 showing the stronger response and CSF1+/NF200+ neurons showing the highest incidence. Even though the total number of microglia in the SC ipsilateral dorsal horns increased after SNI, the increase at their specific laminar projection sites did not mirror the incidence of DRG neuronal subtypes among CSF1+ neurons.InterpretationTaken together, these results contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the connection between CSF1 and macrophage/microglia response after SNI and emphasize the importance of considering L3‐L5 DRG individually when investigating SNI‐neuropathic pain pathogenesis in mice.
Analysis of Germline and Somatic Mutation in Patients With Developmental Odontogenic Cysts Using Targeted Gene Panel
Authors: Hideshima Itsuki , Nakamura Yuriko , Onodera Shoko , Akashi Yoshihiko , Matsuzaka Kenichi , Takano Masayuki , Nomura Takeshi , Katakura Akira , Azuma Toshifumi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundOdontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is a partial manifestation of Gorlin syndrome (GS), resulting from the abnormal activation of the hedgehog signaling pathway. OKC predominantly occurs in young adults and is mostly asymptomatic at the time of initial diagnosis. As OKC is asymptomatic, GS can be challenging to diagnose in certain instances. In this study, we attempted to identify asymptomatic GS from sporadic OKC cases using a previously developed gene panel for GS.MethodsGenomic DNA was extracted from patient samples. These DNA samples were analyzed using the AmpliSeq Custom DNA Panel (Illumina), which was specifically designed to target four previously established genes (PTCH1, PTCH2, SMO, and SUFU). Mutations from patients were predicted using tools, such as MutationTaster, CADD, and Polyphen‐2.ResultsThirty‐one patients with OKC were included: 22 sporadic, 9 syndromic, 14 cases with dentigerous cysts, and 3 patients with orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts. One patient with sporadic OKC carried 50% genetic mutation in the cyst and blood, indicative of GS. PTCH1 mutations were found in one of the 14 patients with dentigerous cysts, 3 of the 17 first‐time sporadic cases, and all four recurrent cases. Resected OKC tissues revealed a PTCH1 mutation.ConclusionsWe found one patient with GS from those diagnosed with sporadic OKC. Our findings suggest that PTCH1 mutations are associated with postoperative recurrence of OKC, implying that hedgehog‐related gene variations may contribute to jaw cyst development and improve the prognosis of OKC.
Growth mindset results in reduced trait attribution and more rehabilitative judicial decisions in cases of juvenile delinquency
Authors: Li Ning , Yang Shuting , Sun Xiaomin , Chu Ning , Qiao Zhihong , Zhang Qinglin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundWith the framework of the mindset theory and previous findings in adult criminal justice, this research explores how growth mindset—the belief that personal traits are malleable—affects judicial decision‐making in juvenile justice.AimsWe aim to examine the hypotheses that laypeople with growth mindset tend to endorse more rehabilitative motivations and decisions (H1) through reduced trait attribution (H2).Materials and MethodsWe measured (Study 1) and experimentally manipulated (Study 2) growth mindset to test H1 and H2 with samples of laypeople. Studies 3A and 3B used data from professional judges and prosecutors in China to test the generalizability. Study 4 replicated the measures from Studies 3A and 3B with a laypeople sample to facilitate cross‐sample comparisons.ResultsStudies 1 and 2 provide correlational and causal evidence, respectively, supporting both H1 and H2. However, Studies 3A and 3B did not yield significant results among judicial experts. Study 4 re‐confirmed the hypotheses in lay participants. Judges with juvenile case experience showed a weaker association between growth mindset and probation decisions compared to their less specialized peers and laypeople. A similar pattern emerged among prosecutors, though the findings were not statistically significant.DiscussionThe current research highlights growth mindset as a key belief driving public support for rehabilitative approaches in juvenile justice. Specialized judicial expertise appears to mitigate this association, suggesting a nuanced interaction between lay beliefs and judicial specialization.ConclusionGrowth mindset of laypeople results in their reduced trait attribution and more rehabilitative judicial decisions in cases of juvenile delinquency.
Feeding Practices Used by Australian Parents of Young Children Living With Food Insecurity and Household Chaos
Authors: Nambiar Smita , Stanley Lauren , Miller Lily , Byrne Rebecca A. , Gallegos Danielle , Penny Robyn A. , Baxter Kimberley A. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTResponsive feeding practices are crucial for developing healthy eating behaviours in children. However, chaotic households and financial stress may disrupt these practices. This cross‐sectional study aimed to characterise feeding practices among Australian parents experiencing financial hardship. Parents of children aged 5–35 months, who identified as experiencing financial hardship, completed an online questionnaire from October 2021 to June 2022. Validated tools gathered data on feeding practices, mealtime structure and environment, household chaos (HC), household food insecurity (HFI) and sociodemographic characteristics. Bivariate correlations and hierarchical regression assessed relationships between these variables, adjusted for parent age, education and number of children. Data from 213 parent–child dyads were analysed (97% mothers, median age = 31 years, IQR 28–36; 50% boys, median age = 12 months, IQR 8–17). Median HC score was 4 (IQR 2–7). Seventy‐six percent of families reported experiencing HFI (median = 6, IQR 3–9). Over 80% of parents often or always ate meals as a family and never or rarely engaged in ‘parent‐led’ feeding (median = 1.75, IQR 1.00–2.50), or used ‘(non)‐food as reward’ (median = 1.33, IQR 1.00–2.00). ‘(Non)‐food as reward’ was positively correlated with HC (p = 0.016), and ‘food to calm’ was positively associated with HC (p = 0.004). ‘Feeding on demand’ was negatively associated with HC and HFI (p = 0.002). ‘Persuasive feeding’ was not associated with either. Findings suggest that HC had more influence than HFI on some nonresponsive feeding practices. Increasing levels of HC and HFI may result in less structured mealtimes. Interventions must consider how financial hardship, HFI and HC can impact parents' ability to engage in responsive feeding practices. This cross‐sectional study examined feeding practices among Australian parents facing financial hardship. Over 75% were food insecure. While the meal environment supported responsive feeding, increasing household chaos and food insecurity led to fewer structured mealtimes and household chaos increased coercive practices such as using (non)‐food rewards and food to calm.
Allocation and use of body energy reservoirs in striped dolphins and Blainville's beaked whales: Snowball effect in negative energetic balance
Authors: Bernaldo de Quirós Yara , Arregui Marina , Arbelo Manuel , Castro‐Alonso Ayoze , Câmara Nakita , Clayton Zachary S. , Consoli Francesco M. A. , Fahlman Andreas , Palomino‐Schätzlein Martina , Puig‐Lozano Raquel , Rivero Miguel A. , Sierra Eva , Suárez‐Santana Cristian M. , Tejedor Marisa , Fernández Antonio 
Published: November 2024

AbstractClimate change, overfishing, and other anthropogenic activities can negatively impact the energetic balance and body condition of cetaceans. Still, cetaceans must meet their energetic demands for survival, which are more expensive to maintain in the marine environment. The resilience of cetaceans to negative energy balance periods is unknown. We analyzed where striped dolphins, a medium‐sized dolphin with shallow‐intermediate diving habits, and Blainville's beaked whales, a larger odontocete with an extreme diving profile, store their energy reserves and how they use that energy. We performed dissections of body mass compartments of fresh dead adults of similar total body lengths but different body masses, determined the lipid and protein content of blubber and muscle, and calculated oxygen stores and the aerobic dive limit. Proteins in muscle were the largest source of energy stores for both species, followed by lipids in the blubber and muscle. Both species catabolized blubber and muscle simultaneously when losing body mass to avoid impairing other important functions. When these functions are impaired, a cascade of increased field metabolic rate and decreased energy intake may occur, decreasing their resilience to environmental challenges and making them more susceptible to diseases, ultimately resulting in death by starvation.
Acoustic richness and composition changes of humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) songs on breeding grounds off the coast of Ecuador
Authors: Oña Javier , Denkinger Judith , Schall Elena 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSong evolution and revolution events recorded through time are typical cultural features for humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) populations worldwide. However, it is unknown if song dynamics are equivalent among subpopulations or breeding stocks of the South Pacific Ocean. To contribute to the understanding of the temporal song dynamics of humpback whale song off the coast of Ecuador, we analyzed acoustic richness and repertoire composition based on unit, phrase, and song composition over consecutive breeding seasons from 2012 to 2019. We observed incomplete song revolutions (all themes were replaced except one) and a nonsignificant variation in the acoustic richness during the study period. Our results show that over the years, humpback whale singers incorporate acoustic material from different subpopulations such as Central South Pacific (French Polynesia) and western South Atlantic (Brazil) into their song repertoire. The temporal acoustic contact of different subpopulations migrating through the eastern South Pacific may be reflected in their particular acoustic richness and temporal evolution. Off the coast of Ecuador, humpback whale song patterns point towards an alternative scenario of song evolution, indicating how cultural transmission among subpopulations can alter the song patterns in specific breeding grounds due lack of geographical barriers surrounding the southeastern Pacific region.
When the Patriarch of Moscow Blesses a War: The Russian World and the Sacralization of Violence
Authors: Gavrilyuk Paul L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe article explains that the ideology that fuels Russia's war against Ukraine was produced within the bosom of the Russian Orthodox Church and had Kirill Gundiaev, the Patriarch of Moscow, as its major proponent. The ideology of the so‐called “Russian World” denies to the Ukrainian state a right to independent existence. This ideology also postulates a clash of civilizations between the Holy Rus’ as a defender of the traditional Christian values and the secular West. The most recent pro‐war statements of Patriarch Kirill are analyzed in light of this dichotomy.
Credit and blame for AI–generated content: Effects of personalization in four countries
Authors: Earp Brian D. , Porsdam Mann Sebastian , Liu Peng , Hannikainen Ivar , Khan Maryam Ali , Chu Yueying , Savulescu Julian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGenerative artificial intelligence (AI) raises ethical questions concerning moral and legal responsibility—specifically, the attributions of credit and blame for AI‐generated content. For example, if a human invests minimal skill or effort to produce a beneficial output with an AI tool, can the human still take credit? How does the answer change if the AI has been personalized (i.e., fine‐tuned) on previous outputs produced without AI assistance by the same human? We conducted a preregistered experiment with representative sampling (N = 1802) repeated in four countries (United States, United Kingdom, China, and Singapore). We investigated laypeople's attributions of credit and blame to human users for producing beneficial or harmful outputs with a standard large language model (LLM), a personalized LLM, or no AI assistance (control condition). Participants generally attributed more credit to human users of personalized versus standard LLMs for beneficial outputs, whereas LLM type did not significantly affect blame attributions for harmful outputs, with a partial exception among Chinese participants. In addition, UK participants attributed more blame for using any type of LLM versus no LLM. Practical, ethical, and policy implications of these findings are discussed.
Circulating triacylglycerides influence egg‐to‐adult viability in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Aslam Ayesha , Javed Urooj , Hussain Mushtaq 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTriacylglycerides (TAGs) are neutral lipids and are one of the major energy storage forms in an insect aiding in normal physiology including reproduction of the organism. Importance of TAG metabolism in gametogenesis has been investigated in insects like mosquitoes, silkworm and Drosophila. However, a direct association between TAG levels and egg‐to‐adult viability has not been explored. In this study, we have assessed both stored and circulating TAG levels and egg‐to‐adult viability in Drosophila melanogaster lines with varying genetic backgrounds established through inbreeding and recombinant inbreeding strategies. We found noticeable variation in egg‐to‐adult viability and in both stored and circulating TAG levels in D. melanogaster lines. Apparently the D. melanogaster lines with higher levels of circulating TAG also had a higher egg‐to‐adult viability. To validate this, analysis of these variations through supervised correlation and unsupervised K‐means clustering showed that levels of circulating TAG are positively associated with egg‐to‐adult viability irrespective of gender. The findings suggest that levels of circulating TAG promotes successful transition of egg to an adult. Taken together, the findings not only have a potential application in husbandry of ecologically and economically important insects but also holds importance in translational research in fertility of vertebrates including humans.
Unlocking the Potential of Big Data: Establishing System Trust Through Open Innovation Ecosystems
Authors: Moradi Mahdis , Hepsø Vidar 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper explores the vital role of system trust in big data and the advantages of open innovation ecosystems to develop trust‐enhancing technologies and foster system trust in relation to big data. Based on 3 years of empirical data from the oil and gas industry, we have performed a detailed analysis of the dynamic nature of big data‐centred innovation ecosystems. Our study has revealed that access to trusted big data is instrumental for overcoming the technical, legal and practise‐related challenges of creating value from big data. The findings contribute to system trust and innovation ecosystems, by demonstrating how the Open Subsurface Data Universe (OSDU) innovation ecosystem has employed legitimacy building, institutionalisation and innovation dissemination throughout its evolution to establish and maintain system trust in big data. For managers, this study offers important insights into the various strategies needed to create value from big data.
A Neglected Part of Bovine Genital Leptospirosis: Bulls
Authors: Pedrosa Juliana , Ezepha Camila , Carvalho‐Costa Felipe Anibal , Di Azevedo Maria Isabel Nogueira , Lilenbaum Walter 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBovine leptospirosis is a worldwide disease that causes reproductive issues, including early embryonic death, stillbirths and infertility, which result in significant economic losses. Although bovine leptospirosis is well‐documented in cows, the role of bulls in harbouring and potentially transmitting genital leptospirosis has been largely neglected. We examined genital and blood samples from 16 slaughtered bulls using microscopic agglutination testing (MAT), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing of amplicons. Our results showed that 81.2% of bulls were seroreactive, and 75% were genitally infected. The amplicons displayed an identity greater than 99% with Leptospira interrogans strains from the Sejroe serogroup, specifically serovar Hardjoprajitno. This study demonstrates that bulls can harbour in their genital tract the same leptospires associated with reproductive syndromes in cows from the same geographic region, highlighting the importance of bulls in maintaining and transmitting Sejroe serogroup strains associated with reproductive disease.
NKG2C Sequence Polymorphism Modulates the Expansion of Adaptive NK Cells in Response to Human CMV
Authors: Asenjo Judit , Moraru Manuela , Al‐Akioui‐Sanz Karima , Altadill Mireia , Muntasell Aura , López‐Botet Miguel , Vilches Carlos 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTA subpopulation of NK cells with distinctive phenotype and function differentiates and expands specifically in response to infection by human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). A hallmark of these adaptive NK cells is their increased expression levels of the activating CD94/NKG2C receptor for HLA‐E, and lack of expression of its inhibitory homologue CD94/NKG2A. Their frequency is highly variable in HCMV+ individuals, and the basis for such differences is only partially understood. Here, we explore the possible influence of sequence polymorphism of the NKG2C (or KLRC2) gene on the expansion of NKG2C+NKG2A− NK cells in healthy HCMV‐seropositive donors. Our results show a significant association of greater proportions of adaptive NK cells with allele NKG2C*02. This is defined by two amino acid substitutions in comparison with the most prevalent allele, NKG2C*01, and associates with additional sequence polymorphisms in noncoding regions. Furthermore, we demonstrate consistently higher mRNA levels of NKG2C*02 in heterozygous individuals co‐expressing this allele in combination with NKG2C*01 or *03. This predominance is independent of polymorphisms in the promoter and 3′ UTRs and is appreciated also in HCMV‐seronegative donors. In summary, although additional factors are most likely implicated in the variable expansion of NKG2C+NKG2A− NK cells in response to HCMV, our results demonstrate that host immunogenetics, in particular NKG2C diversity, influences the magnitude of such response.
High‐Resolution Sequencing Identifies a Novel HLA Allele: HLA‐B*35:20:03
Authors: Molinari Isabella Fantini , Cita Rafael Formenton , Massi Fernanda Pelisson , Pinto Larissa Danielle Bahls , de Lima Neto Quirino Alves 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe novel HLA‐B*35:20:03 allele differs from B*35:20:01 by a change of C→A in exon 4.
Pleural space infection microbiology as assessed using a clinical sequencing-based assay:
Fusobacterium nucleatum
group,
Streptococcus intermedius,
and other oral normal microbiota are the most common bacteria identified in community-acquired pleural space infections
Authors: Alvarez Otero Judith , Mandrekar Jay , Wolf Matt J. , Starkey Jordan C. , Carmona Eva M. , Dyrhovden Ruben , Kommedal Øyvind , Patel Robin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

The definition of the microbiology of pleural space infection has been challenging due to the poor yield of conventional culture. Here, the results of a 16S ribosomal RNA gene PCR/sequencing assay performed on pleural fluid in routine clinical practice between August 2020 and January 2023 were evaluated. Amplified 16S rRNA gene DNA was submitted to Sanger sequencing and/or next-generation sequencing or results were reported as negative, depending on PCR crossing threshold value. In all, 496 pleural fluids were tested at Mayo Clinic Laboratories, with 227 positive results, including 57 from Mayo Clinic patients. Among the 57 Mayo Clinic patients, pleural space infection was community acquired in 48 (84%);
Fusobacterium nucleatum
group and/or
Streptococcus intermedius
were detected in 31/57 (54%) cases [including 28/48 (58%) community-acquired cases], with additional facultative and/or anaerobic species also found in various combinations in 17/31 (55%). Results of this study suggest that the most frequent microorganism profile involved in community-acquired pleural space infection may be a combination of
F. nucleatum
group and/or
S. intermedius
, with or without other normal microbiota.

IMPORTANCE

We describe here the most frequent microorganisms detected in community-acquired pleural space infection using a clinically performed sequencing-based assay. We found that the most common detection was the
Fusobacterium nucleatum
group and/or
Streptococcus intermedius
, with or without other normal microbiota. We propose the term e-FuSion (effusion with
Fusobacterium nucleatum
group,
Streptococcus intermedius
, and other oral normal microbiota) for this entity.