bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-invasive MRI of blood-cerebrospinal fluid-barrier function in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease: a potential biomarker of early pathology
Authors: Perera Charith , Cruz Renata , Shemesh Noam , Carvalho Tânia , Thomas David L. , Wells Jack , Ianuș Andrada 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Choroid plexus (CP) or blood-cerebrospinal fluid-barrier (BCSFB) is a unique functional tissue which lines the brain’s fluid-filled ventricles, with a crucial role in CSF production and clearance. BCSFB dysfunction is thought to contribute to toxic protein build-up in neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the dynamics of this process remain unknown, mainly due to the paucity of in-vivo methods for assessing CP function.

Methods
We harness recent developments in Arterial Spin Labelling MRI to measure water delivery across the BCSFB as a proxy for CP function, as well as cerebral blood flow (CBF), at different stages of AD in the widely used triple transgenic mouse model (3xTg), with ages between 8 and 32 weeks. We further compared the MRI results with Y-maze behaviour testing, and histologically validated the expected pathological changes, which recapitulate both amyloid and tau deposition.

Results
Total BCSFB-mediated water delivery is significantly higher in 3xTg mice (> 50%) from 8 weeks (preclinical stage), an increase which is not explained by differences in ventricular volumes, while tissue parameters such as CBF and T1 are not different between groups at all ages. Behaviour differences between the groups were observed starting at 20 weeks, especially in terms of locomotion, with 3xTg animals showing a significantly smaller number of arm entries in the Y-maze.

Conclusions
Our work strongly suggests the involvement of CP in the early stages of AD, before the onset of symptoms and behavioural changes, providing a potential biomarker of pathology.
Cognitive behavioral therapy for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder delivered via internet videoconferencing: a manualized sensor-assisted feasibility approach
Authors: Klein Carolin S. , Alt Annika K. , Pascher Anja , Kühnhausen Jan , Seizer Lennart , Ilg Winfried , Thierfelder Annika , Primbs Jonas , Menth Michael , Barth Gottfried M. , Gawrilow Caterina , Conzelmann Annette , Renner Tobias J. , Hollmann Karsten 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Between 1 and 4% of children and adolescents suffer from obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) worldwide, but the majority of these young people do not have access to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) as a first-line treatment. CBT delivered via online videoconferencing (vCBT) offers a new way to provide young people with therapy, especially in the home environment where symptoms usually occur.

Methods
In this study, we investigated the feasibility of a newly revised vCBT manual, symptom change during treatment, and effects on family life and social functioning. 20 patients with OCD, aged 12–18 years, were treated during 14 weekly sessions while using a multimodal sensor system that assessed their physiological and behavioral responses during therapy. Treatment was delivered in real time via an online videoconferencing platform. Measurements of feasibility, acceptance, and implementation were evaluated descriptively, and clinical measures were assessed with t tests.

Results
The primary results showed that patients and parents perceived the manual-based vCBT as feasible and easy to understand. According to the therapists’ ratings, all treatment modules and the content could be carried out in accordance with the manual. As a secondary outcome, OCD symptoms improved significantly during treatment (p <.001, d = 1.87), revealed by an average decrease of more than half in the Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) score. As the psychotherapy could be implemented directly in the patients’ home environment, low barriers to participation were reported, and the majority of participants reported improvements in family life after treatment.

Conclusions
In summary, the results of this feasibility study indicated a successful application of manual-based psychotherapy delivered via videoconferencing for pediatric OCD supported by a sensor system. This method should be further investigated in future randomized controlled trials with larger patient samples.
Clinical trial registration: [www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT05291611], first submission: 2021-12-10.
Civilian pattern of injuries in armed conflicts – a systematic review
Authors: Chevalley Karl , Zimmerman Jonas , Mittendorf Anton , Sennersten Filippa , Dalman Anton , Frogh Safora , Ringart Theo , Robinson Yohan , Sandström Göran 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
War causes severe suffering and harm to the civilian population. Knowledge about civilian injury patterns constitutes a part of the dimensioned planning and preparedness for medical care and civilian defence in times of war. This systematic review is conducted on request from The Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare and includes civilian injury patterns in modern war.

Methods
The aim of the study is to describe civilian injury patterns in war 1973–2023. We have conducted a systematic review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. The protocol has been registered 2023-05-06 in PROSPERO (CRD4202321483).

Results
The search resulted in 3455 identified articles. 1226 of those were duplicates. 2229 studies were assessed, and 1817 papers were excluded. 412 papers went through full text assessment resulting in 63 remaining papers. Injuries to the extremities constitutes 50%, followed by head injuries (26%) and injuries to the chest (18%). Notably, 23% of the wounded are children.

Discussion
There is no standardized classification or method to report and describe civilian war injuries and the injury panorama. Variations in how the injuries were reported made synthesis of the results difficult. In the present survey we haven’t investigated mortalities and causes of death. Reliable data from recent wars, such as the ongoing war in Ukraine and Gaza, was missing from the open literature.

Conclusions
The distribution of injuries seems comparable with data from World War II and the conflict in Korea. There is no standardized simple protocol to report civilian injuries in war. Ideally, a protocol should include even the severity impact of the injuries. Knowledge of civilian injury pattern and estimate of the total number of wounded is important to plan the civilian health care capabilities in war time.
Optimizing hexanoic acid biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the de novo production of olivetolic acid
Authors: Schäfer Kilan J. , Aras Marco , Boles Eckhard , Kayser Oliver 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMedium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) are valuable platform compounds for the production of biotechnologically relevant chemicals such as biofuels and biochemicals. Two distinct pathways have been implemented in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the biosynthetic production of MCFAs: (i) the mutant fatty acid biosynthesis (FAB) pathway in which the fatty acid synthase (FAS) complex is mutated and (ii) a heterologous multispecies-derived reverse β-oxidation (rBOX) pathway. Hexanoic acid has become of great interest as its acyl-CoA ester, hexanoyl-CoA, is required for the biosynthesis of olivetolic acid (OA), a cannabinoid precursor. Due to insufficient endogenous synthesis of hexanoyl-CoA, recombinant microbial systems to date require exogenous supplementation of cultures with hexanoate along with the overexpression of an acyl-CoA ligase to allow cannabinoid biosynthesis. Here, we engineer a recombinant S. cerevisiae strain which was metabolically optimized for the production of hexanoic acid via the FAB and rBOX pathways and we combine both pathways in a single strain to achieve titers of up to 120 mg L−1. Moreover, we demonstrate the biosynthesis of up to 15 mg L−1 OA from glucose using hexanoyl-CoA derived from the rBOX pathway.
High vector competence for chikungunya virus but heavily reduced locomotor activity of Aedes albopictus from Germany at low temperatures
Authors: Lühken Renke , Rauhöft Leif , Pluskota Björn , Lange Unchana , Helms Michelle , Becker Norbert , Schmidt-Chanasit Jonas , Kuhn Carola , Tannich Egbert , Jansen Stephanie , Heitmann Anna 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
The incidence of human infections caused by arthropod-borne viruses, such as the chikungunya virus (CHIKV), has increased globally due to a number of factors, such as climate change and globalization. The exotic mosquito species Aedes albopictus is a significant vector for CHIKV, raising concerns about its transmission potential in temperate regions, including Central Europe. We have therefore investigated the vector competence of Ae. albopictus for CHIKV at constant and fluctuating temperatures between 15 °C and 24 °C to assess the transmission risk in Europe.

Methods
Aedes albopictus mosquitoes were reared and artificially infected with CHIKV. Infection rates and transmission efficiencies (TEs) were determined after 14 days of incubation at constant and fluctuating (± 5 °C) mean temperatures of 15 °C, 18 °C, 21 °C and 24 °C. In addition, mosquito locomotor activity was measured under the same fluctuating temperature conditions. A risk map for CHIKV transmission in Europe was generated combining temperature data and the current distribution of Ae. albopictus.

Results
CHIKV transmission was observed at all tested temperatures. The highest TEs were recorded at fluctuating temperatures of 18 °C (54.3%) and 21 °C (58.6%), while the lowest TE was observed at a constant temperature of 15 °C (5.6%). TEs at fluctuating temperatures of 15 °C and 24 °C were the same (32.5%). Mosquito activity showed a nocturnal unimodal activity pattern with a peak during the start of the scotophase (hour 20). The proportion of active mosquitoes per hour increased with temperature and was nearly zero at 15 °C. The risk map indicated that regions in Southern and Central Europe, including recently invaded areas north of the Alps, have temperatures theoretically allowing CHIKV transmission for at least some days per year.

Conclusions
While CHIKV can be transmitted by Ae. albopictus at 15 °C, the activity of this mosquito is strongly decreased at this temperature, likely reducing the transmission risk. These findings emphasize the importance of considering both vector competence and mosquito activity when assessing the risk of arbovirus transmission in temperate regions. Further studies are needed to validate these laboratory findings under field conditions.

Graphical abstract
SiRCle (Signature Regulatory Clustering) model integration reveals mechanisms of phenotype regulation in renal cancer
Authors: Mora Ariane , Schmidt Christina , Balderson Brad , Frezza Christian , Bodén Mikael 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) tumours develop and progress via complex remodelling of the kidney epigenome, transcriptome, proteome and metabolome. Given the subsequent tumour and inter-patient heterogeneity, drug-based treatments report limited success, calling for multi-omics studies to extract regulatory relationships, and ultimately, to develop targeted therapies. Yet, methods for multi-omics integration to reveal mechanisms of phenotype regulation are lacking.

Methods
Here, we present SiRCle (Signature Regulatory Clustering), a method to integrate DNA methylation, RNA-seq and proteomics data at the gene level by following central dogma of biology, i.e. genetic information proceeds from DNA, to RNA, to protein. To identify regulatory clusters across the different omics layers, we group genes based on the layer where the gene’s dysregulation first occurred. We combine the SiRCle clusters with a variational autoencoder (VAE) to reveal key features from omics’ data for each SiRCle cluster and compare patient subpopulations in a ccRCC and a PanCan cohort.

Results
Applying SiRCle to a ccRCC cohort, we showed that glycolysis is upregulated by DNA hypomethylation, whilst mitochondrial enzymes and respiratory chain complexes are translationally suppressed. Additionally, we identify metabolic enzymes associated with survival along with the possible molecular driver behind the gene’s perturbations. By using the VAE to integrate omics’ data followed by statistical comparisons between tumour stages on the integrated space, we found a stage-dependent downregulation of proximal renal tubule genes, hinting at a loss of cellular identity in cancer cells. We also identified the regulatory layers responsible for their suppression. Lastly, we applied SiRCle to a PanCan cohort and found common signatures across ccRCC and PanCan in addition to the regulatory layer that defines tissue identity.

Conclusions
Our results highlight SiRCle’s ability to reveal mechanisms of phenotype regulation in cancer, both specifically in ccRCC and broadly in a PanCan context. SiRCle ranks genes according to biological features. https://github.com/ArianeMora/SiRCle_multiomics_integration.
Influence of underlying condition and performance of sepsis bundle in very old patients with sepsis: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Kim Duk Ki , Kim Soyun , Kang Da Hyun , Ju Hyekyeong , Oh Dong Kyu , Lee Su Yeon , Park Mi Hyeon , Lim Chae-Man , Hyon YunKyong , Lee Song I ,   the Korean sepsis Alliance (KSA) investigators, Jeon Kyeongman , Park Sunghoon , Lee Yeon Joo , Hong Sang-Bum , Suh Gee Young , Cho Young-Jae , Ko Ryoung-Eun , Lim Sung Yoon , Heo Jeongwon , Lee Jae-myeong , Kim Kyung Chan , Lee Yeon Joo , Chang Youjin , Jeon Kyeongman , Lee Sang-Min , Hong Suk-Kyung , Cho Woo Hyun , Kwak Sang Hyun , Lee Heung Bum , Ahn Jong-Joon , Seong Gil Myeong , Lee Song I , Park Sunghoon , Park Tai Sun , Lee Su Hwan , Choi Eun Young , Moon Jae Young 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that affects individuals of all ages; however, it presents unique challenges in very old patients due to their complex medical histories and potentially compromised immune systems. This study aimed to investigate the influence of underlying conditions and the performance of sepsis bundle protocols in very old patients with sepsis.

Methods
We conducted a nationwide cohort study of adult patients with sepsis prospectively collected from the Korean Sepsis Alliance Database. Underlying conditions, prognosis, and their association with sepsis bundle compliance in patients with sepsis aged ≥ 80 years were analyzed.

Results
Among the 11,981 patients with sepsis, 3,733 (31.2%) were very old patients aged ≥ 80 years. In-hospital survivors (69.8%) were younger, less likely male, with higher BMI, lower Charlson Comorbidity Index, lower Clinical Frailty Scale, and lower Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores. The in-hospital survivor group had lower lactate measurement but higher fluid therapy and vasopressor usage within the 1-h bundle. Similar trends were seen in the 3-h and 6-h bundles. Furthermore, in-hospital survivors were more likely to receive appropriate empiric antibiotics within 24 h. In-hospital mortality was associated with age, Clinical Frailty Scale, SOFA score, comorbidities, Life sustaining treatment issue, interventions in the ICU and vasopressor use in the 1-h sepsis bundle.

Conclusions
Addressing underlying conditions and enhancing sepsis bundle adherence is crucial for better outcomes in very old patients with sepsis. Personalized approaches and increased awareness are essential. Further research should explore interventions to optimize sepsis care in this population.
Study on Preparation and Thermophysical Properties of Binary Paraffin Phase Change Concrete
Authors: Jia Zhiwen , Li Dongwei , Wang Zecheng , Wang Zhenhua , Fang Fang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe binary phase change paraffin (BP) was prepared using the melt blending method, followed by adsorption and encapsulation to produce the phase change aggregate. Phase change concrete was subsequently prepared using the volumetric replacement method. The study examined the thermal properties of BP, along with the semi-adiabatic temperature rise and thermal conductivity of the phase change concrete at different replacement rates. The results indicate that BP exhibits two plateau regions, with phase change intervals varying according to the mass ratio. The high-temperature phase change interval ranges from 18.3 °C to 47.3 °C, while the low-temperature phase change interval ranges from 0.1 °C to 4.6 °C. When the mass ratio of 48# paraffin to 5# paraffin is 7:3, the peak phase change temperatures are 2.58 °C and 44.52 °C, with corresponding enthalpies of 66.52 J/g and 102.63 J/g, respectively. The addition of phase change aggregate effectively reduces the hydration temperature rise of concrete, slows the rate of temperature increase, and decreases the thermal conductivity. The semi-adiabatic temperature rise curve of the phase change concrete exhibits an "S"-shaped variation over time, with the composite exponential function providing a more accurate representation of this process.
Construction of the porcine genome mobile element variations and investigation of its role in population diversity and gene expression
Authors: Hu Jianchao , Gui Lu , Wu Zhongzi , Huang Lusheng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Mobile element variants (MEVs) have a significant and complex impact on genomic diversity and phenotypic traits. However, the quantity, distribution, and relationship with gene expression and complex traits of MEVs in the pig genome remain poorly understood.

Results
We constructed the most comprehensive porcine MEV library based on high-depth whole genome sequencing (WGS) data from 747 pigs across 59 breeds worldwide. This database identified a total of 147,993 polymorphic MEVs, including 121,099 short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), 26,053 long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs), 802 long terminal repeats (LTRs), and 39 other transposons, among which 54% are newly discovered. We found that MEVs are unevenly distributed across the genome and are strongly influenced by negative selection effects. Importantly, we identified 514, 530, and 584 candidate MEVs associated with population differentiation, domestication, and breed formation, respectively. For example, a significantly differentiated MEV is located in the ATRX intron between Asian and European pigs, whereas ATRX is also differentially expressed between Asian and European pigs in muscle tissue. In addition, we identified 4,169 expressed MEVs (eMEVs) significantly associated with gene expression and 6,914 splicing MEVs (sMEVs) associated with gene splicing based on RNA-seq data from 266 porcine liver tissues. These eMEVs and sMEVs explain 6.24% and 9.47%, respectively, of the observed cis-heritability and highlight the important role of MEVs in the regulation of gene expression. Finally, we provide a high-quality SNP–MEV reference haplotype panel to impute MEV genotypes from genome-wide SNPs. Notably, we identified a candidate MEV significantly associated with total teat number, demonstrating the functionality of this reference panel.

Conclusions
The present investigation demonstrated the importance of MEVs in pigs in terms of population diversity, gene expression and phenotypic traits, which may provide useful resources and theoretical support for pig genetics and breeding.
Let’s talk about body neutrality: content analysis of #bodyneutrality on TikTok
Authors: Mancin Paolo , Vall-Roqué Helena , Grey Wesley , Griffiths Scott , Bonell Sarah 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
To date, over 1.3 billion videos with the hashtag #bodyneutrality have been viewed on TikTok. Despite this, little existing literature has unpacked how body neutrality is conceptualised on TikTok. We examined how TikTok creators construct meaning and generate discourse surrounding #bodyneutrality.

Methods
Extending on previous works in the body neutrality space, we conducted a hybrid content/thematic analysis of TikTok videos in three different languages (English, Spanish, and Italian). Initially, 300 videos displaying “#bodyneutrality” were identified on TikTok. The first 178 TikTok videos were analysed, following the principles of data saturation and feasibility.

Results
We developed three themes: (1) The normalisation of diverse bodies, (2) The rejection of appearance as fundamentally important, and (3) Body neutrality is (better than) body positivity.

Conclusions
In line with conceptualisations of body neutrality in existing literature, some content emphasised the importance of devaluing physical appearance. Building on existing definitions, most creators also framed body neutrality as speaking to the fundamental humanness of owning a body and attempted to normalise various body shapes/sizes. Conversely, some content employed #bodyneutrality to promote or examine body positivity principles or to condemn appearance-based stigmatisation. Our study is one of the first to examine how body neutrality is understood and employed by people in the real world.
Training emotional competencies at the workplace: a systematic review and metaanalysis
Authors: Mehler Miriam , Balint Elisabeth , Gralla Maria , Pößnecker Tim , Gast Michael , Hölzer Michael , Kösters Markus , Gündel Harald 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRecent systematic reviews have shown that emotional competencies can be improved through training. In the workplace, such training has become increasingly popular over the last decade. These programs aim to enhance emotional intelligence, empathy or emotion regulation. This study wants to assess the training effects and potential moderators of these workplace interventions. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review that focuses on the workplace context and integrates emotional intelligence, empathy, and emotion regulation training interventions. This study has been preregistered with PROSPERO and a protocol has been published before the review was conducted (CRD42021267073). We conducted a systematic literature search using Embase, PsycInfo, PSYNDEX, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The included studies were analyzed in two metaanalyses. In the primary analysis, we analyzed standardized mean changes in emotional competencies before and after the training for 50 included studies, depending on (a) training construct and (b) participants’ profession (teachers, health professionals, managers, and others). To determine the efficacy of the trainings, we conducted a separate metaanalysis of controlled trials only (k = 27). Both metaanalyses yielded moderate overall effect sizes that also persisted more than three months after the training end: (1) SMDpre-post = 0.44 (95% CI [0.29, 0.59]), (2) SMDEG-CG = 0.46 (95% CI [0.30, 0.63]). All professions benefited equally from the interventions and we observed no significant differences in the effectiveness of emotional intelligence, empathy, and emotion regulation trainings. Overall, our results suggest that workplace interventions effectively train emotional competencies, regardless of profession or specific training focus. Limitations are the high heterogeneity and the low methodological quality of the studies analyzed. Our study shows the need for more high-quality studies, like randomized controlled trials. Additionally, companies may consider incorporating emotional competence training into their employee and leadership development programs routinely. This study was preregistered on PROSPERO (CRD42021267073).