bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of remotely sensed soil moisture and precipitation on soil moisture prediction in a data assimilation system with the JULES land surface model
Authors: Pinnington Ewan , Quaife Tristan , Black Emily 
Published: April 2018

Abstract. We show that satellite-derived estimates of shallow soil moisture can be used to calibrate a land surface model at the regional scale
in Ghana, using data assimilation techniques. The modified calibration significantly improves model estimation of soil
moisture. Specifically, we find an 18 % reduction in unbiased root-mean-squared differences in the north of Ghana and a 21 %
reduction in the south of Ghana for a 5-year hindcast after assimilating a single year of soil moisture observations to update model
parameters. The use of an improved remotely sensed rainfall dataset contributes to 6 % of this reduction in deviation for
northern Ghana and 10 % for southern Ghana. Improved rainfall data have the greatest impact on model estimates during the seasonal
wetting-up of soil, with the assimilation of remotely sensed soil moisture having greatest impact during drying-down. In the north of
Ghana we are able to recover improved estimates of soil texture after data assimilation. However, we are unable to do so for the
south. The significant reduction in unbiased root-mean-squared difference we find after assimilating a single year of observations
bodes well for the production of improved land surface model soil moisture estimates over sub-Saharan Africa.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Statistics and Probability, Vol. 7, No. 3
Authors: Smith Wendy 
Published: April 2018

International Journal of Statistics and Probability wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal is greatly appreciated.Many authors, regardless of whether International Journal of Statistics and Probability publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers.Reviewers for Volume 7, Number 3Abdullah A. Smadi, Yarmouk University, JordanAfsin Sahin, Gazi University, TurkeyAnna Grana', University of Palermo, ItalyGerardo Febres, Universidad Simón Bolívar, VenezuelaLuiz Ricardo Nakamura, University of Sao Paulo, BrazilPhilip Westgate, University of Kentucky, USAShatrunjai Pratap Singh, John Hancock Financial Services, USATomás R. Cotos-Yáñez, University of Vigo, SpainVilda Purutcuoglu, Middle East Technical University (METU), Turkey Wendy SmithOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of International Journal of Statistics and ProbabilityCanadian Center of Science and Education
Discriminatie van IS en Al-Nusra-strijders bij intrekking Nederlanderschap in Unierechtelijk perspectief
Authors: Wassenaar Florimond 
Published: April 2018

Deprivation of citizenship for Dutch IS and Al-Nusra fighters in EC law perspective
In its efforts in making effective counter terrorism legislation the Dutch government has introduced the possibility to deprive its own nationals of their Dutch nationality. The competence to revoke Dutch citizenship may arise in case of conducting behaviour abroad that can be labelled as terrorism or facilitating terrorism. Dutch citizenship can only be rescinded by the immigration authorities when such acts are performed outside the Dutch borders in certain appointed areas for certain appointed organisations. This is currently the case for the area of Syria and the organisations IS and Al-Nusra. However given the obligations within the Convention on the reduction of statelessness only Dutch nationals with dual citizenship fall within the scope of this newly introduced legislation. This article focusses on the question whether in EU-law perspective the distinction made between Dutch with dual citizenship and Dutch without a second foreign nationality is against the principle of equal treatment. By discussing the Council Directive 2000/43/EC, case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) and the preparatory documents of the convention on the reduction of statelessness the argument is developed that the convention serves as a trump card to enhance and justify the newly introduced legislation. Given CJEU case law the question of loyalty towards the member state of origin may lead to deprivation of EU-nationality. The aforementioned distinction made in Dutch nationality law would only be justified if it can be successfully be proven that dual citizenship raises an ipso facto loyalty issue toward member states by dual nationality holders. Since evidence of that nature is non existent it is concluded that the newly introduced counter terrorism provisions on deprivation of Dutch citizenship are discriminatory and advances second class nationality in The Netherlands.
<b>Teatro legislativo e racismo: Arte, Política e Militância</b><br />[Noeli Turle da Silva]
Authors: SILVA NOELI TURLE DA 
Published: April 2018

<p>A partir da comparação de similaridades entre as propostas de ação política dos mandatos das<br />vereadoras Áurea Carolina e Cida Falabella, em Belo Horizonte-MG, e o de Augusto Boal, no Rio<br />de Janeiro-RJ, separados temporalmente em 20 anos, o artigo traz uma primeira observação de<br />como, neste novo momento da vida política e social brasileira, o Teatro Legislativo é retomado<br />como tática estética, com o propósito de dar visibilidade e protagonismo à população negra,<br />excluída, marginalizada e historicamente colocada na periferia do poder decisório.</p>
A quality control method for intensity‐modulated radiation therapy planning based on generalized equivalent uniform dose
Authors: Pang Haowen , Sun Xiaoyang , Yang Bo , Wu Jingbo 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTo ensure good quality intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) planning, we proposed the use of a quality control method based on generalized equivalent uniform dose (gEUD) that predicts absorbed radiation doses in organs at risk (OAR). We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent IMRT for the treatment of cervical carcinoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), or non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). IMRT plans were randomly divided into data acquisition and data verification groups. OAR in the data acquisition group for cervical carcinoma and NPC were further classified as sub‐organs at risk (sOAR). The normalized volume of sOAR and normalized gEUD (a = 1) were analyzed using multiple linear regression to establish a fitting formula. For NSCLC, the normalized intersection volume of the planning target volume (PTV) and lung, the maximum diameter of the PTV (left–right, anterior–posterior, and superior–inferior), and the normalized gEUD (a = 1) were analyzed using multiple linear regression to establish a fitting formula for the lung gEUD (a = 1). The r‐squared and P values indicated that the fitting formula was a good fit. In the data verification group, IMRT plans verified the accuracy of the fitting formula, and compared the gEUD (a = 1) for each OAR between the subjective method and the gEUD‐based method. In conclusion, the gEUD‐based method can be used effectively for quality control and can reduce the influence of subjective factors on IMRT planning optimization.
Exploring Exchange Bias Coupling in Fe3−δO4@CoO Core–Shell Nanoparticle 2D Assemblies
Authors: Dolci Mathias , Liu Yu , Liu Xiaojie , Leuvrey Cedric , Derory Alain , Begin Dominique , Begin‐Colin Sylvie , Pichon Benoit P. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCore‐shell ferro(i)magnetic@antiferromagnetic (F(i)M@AFM) nanoparticles exhibiting exchange bias coupling are very promising to push back the superparamagnetic limits. However, their intrinsic magnetic properties can be strongly affected by interparticle interactions. This work reports on the collective properties of Fe3–dO4@CoO core‐shell nanoparticles as function of the structure of their assembly. The structure of nanoparticle assembly is controlled by a copper (I) catalyzed alkyne–azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) “click” reaction between complementary functional groups located at the surface of both substrates and nanoparticles. 2D arrays of nanoparticles with tunable sizes ranging from clusters of few nanoparticles to a dense and homogenous monolayer were prepared. The spatial arrangement of nanoparticles strongly influences the exchange bias coupling which is significantly enhanced for large 2D nanoparticle assemblies and, even more in 3D assemblies such as powder, which favour weak and random dipolar interactions.
Aligning Solution‐Derived Carbon Nanotube Film with Full Surface Coverage for High‐Performance Electronics Applications
Authors: Zhu Ma‐Guang , Si Jia , Zhang Zhiyong , Peng Lian‐Mao 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe main challenge for application of solution‐derived carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in high performance field‐effect transistor (FET) is how to align CNTs into an array with high density and full surface coverage. A directional shrinking transfer method is developed to realize high density aligned array based on randomly orientated CNT network film. Through transferring a solution‐derived CNT network film onto a stretched retractable film followed by a shrinking process, alignment degree and density of CNT film increase with the shrinking multiple. The quadruply shrunk CNT films present well alignment, which is identified by the polarized Raman spectroscopy and electrical transport measurements. Based on the high quality and high density aligned CNT array, the fabricated FETs with channel length of 300 nm present ultrahigh performance including on‐state current Ion of 290 µA µm−1 (Vds = −1.5 V and Vgs = −2 V) and peak transconductance gm of 150 µS µm−1, which are, respectively, among the highest corresponding values in the reported CNT array FETs. High quality and high semiconducting purity CNT arrays with high density and full coverage obtained through this method promote the development of high performance CNT‐based electronics.
A Compound Yarn Based Wearable Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Self‐Powered Wearable Electronics
Authors: Li Hui , Zhao Shuyu , Du Xinyu , Wang Jiaona , Cao Ran , Xing Yi , Li Congju 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWearable devices such as activity tracker, digital bracelet, and smartwatch become more and more popular. However, these devices need to be charged regularly due to the limited battery capacity. Therefore, it is important to develop a method to harvest mechanical energy from human motions to drive the wearable devices. Here, a wearable triboelectric nanogenerator (WTNG) based on compound yarns, which can be integrated well with clothing due to its good breathability and flexibility, is reported. The WTNG can be mass produced owing to the low cost and process maturity. Furthermore, the WTNG exhibits outstanding flexibility, breathability, and comfortability. The WTNG can generate a maximum short‐circuit current of 4 µA, delivering an instantaneous power density of 11.0 mW m−2 to an external load. Electronic devices such as digital watch and scientific calculator can be powered by a capacitor that is charged by WTNG. This work presents a significant step toward wearable electronics and will be a widely adopted technology in the near future.
Fostamatinib for the treatment of adult persistent and chronic immune thrombocytopenia: Results of two phase 3, randomized, placebo‐controlled trials
Authors: Bussel James , Arnold Donald M. , Grossbard Elliot , Mayer Jiří , Treliński Jacek , Homenda Wojciech , Hellmann Andrzej , Windyga Jerzy , Sivcheva Liliya , Khalafallah Alhossain A. , Zaja Francesco , Cooper Nichola , Markovtsov Vadim , Zayed Hany , Duliege Anne‐Marie 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSpleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) signaling is central to phagocytosis‐based, antibody‐mediated platelet destruction in adults with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Fostamatinib, an oral Syk inhibitor, produced sustained on‐treatment responses in a phase 2 ITP study. In two parallel, phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trials (FIT1 and FIT2), patients with persistent/chronic ITP were randomized 2:1 to fostamatinib (n = 101) or placebo (n = 49) at 100 mg BID for 24 weeks with a dose increase in nonresponders to 150 mg BID after 4 weeks. The primary endpoint was stable response (platelets ≥50 000/μL at ≥4 of 6 biweekly visits, weeks 14‐24, without rescue therapy). Baseline median platelet count was 16 000/μL; median duration of ITP was 8.5 years. Stable responses occurred in 18% of patients on fostamatinib vs. 2% on placebo (P = .0003). Overall responses (defined retrospectively as ≥1 platelet count ≥50 000/μL within the first 12 weeks on treatment) occurred in 43% of patients on fostamatinib vs. 14% on placebo (P = .0006). Median time to response was 15 days (on 100 mg bid), and 83% responded within 8 weeks. The most common adverse events were diarrhea (31% on fostamatinib vs. 15% on placebo), hypertension (28% vs. 13%), nausea (19% vs. 8%), dizziness (11% vs. 8%), and ALT increase (11% vs. 0%). Most events were mild or moderate and resolved spontaneously or with medical management (antihypertensive, anti‐motility agents). Fostamatinib produced clinically‐meaningful responses in ITP patients including those who failed splenectomy, thrombopoietic agents, and/or rituximab. Fostamatinib is a novel ITP treatment option that targets an important mechanism of ITP pathogenesis.
Copper‐Promoted Tandem Radical Reaction of 2‐Oxindoles with Formamides: Facile Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Urea Derivatives
Authors: Chen Wei‐Ting , Bao Wen‐Hui , Ying Wei‐Wei , Zhu Wen‐Ming , Liang Hongze , Wei Wen‐Ting 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA convenient copper‐promoted tandem radical reaction of 2‐oxindoles with formamides producing unsymmetrical urea derivatives is described. This radical‐mediated reaction enables the formation of one C=O and one C−N bond through a domino C−O coupling, ring cleavage and C−N coupling process, which features a broad substrate scope and excellent selectivity. In addition, tBuOOH not only acts as the oxidant, but also as the oxygen source. The proposed reaction mechanism is supported by control experiments.
The potential value of activin B and fibronectin for the triage of pregnancies of unknown location and prediction of first trimester viability
Authors: Al‐Memar Maya , Bobdiwala Shabnam , Madhra Mayank , Saso Srdjan , De Cock Bavo , Van Calster Ben , Brown Jeremy K. , Mukri Faizah , Bottomley Cecilia , Papageorghiou Aris , Timmerman Dirk , Horne Andrew W. , Bourne Tom 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAimWe have assessed the potential predictive ability of the biomarkers activin B and fibronectin (FN1) alone and when added to established markers for triaging patients as being at low or high risk of ectopic pregnancy (EP). We also assessed their use as predictors of viability at 12 weeks gestation.MethodsExploratory secondary analysis of a prospective study including all women classified as a pregnancy of known location (PUL) based on transvaginal ultrasonography between January and December 2007 at the early pregnancy unit of St Georges’ Hospital (London). We used multinomial logistic regression to assess the diagnostic potential of the biomarkers to triage PUL at high risk of complications (EP or persistent PUL), and standard binary logistic regression to predict first trimester viability at 12 weeks.ResultsFor discriminating high‐risk (n = 16) from low‐risk PUL (n = 93), the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.75 (95% confidence interval 0.60–0.85) for activin B and 0.55 (0.41–0.68) for FN1. Adding activin B to a multinomial logistic regression model incorporating β‐hCG ratio and initial progesterone yielded odds ratios of 0.16 (0.05–0.55) for failing vs high‐risk PUL and 0.29 (0.07–1.19) for intrauterine vs high‐risk PUL and increased the model's AUC from 0.84 to 0.89. At a risk threshold of 5% for high‐risk PUL, sensitivity increased from 84% to 87% and specificity from 48% to 64%. For discriminating viable (n = 28) from non‐viable (n = 81) pregnancies at 12 weeks, both markers had an AUC of 0.54.ConclusionsOur results suggested that activin B may be a promising marker to improve PUL triage in addition to established markers.
Improving precision of second‐trimester biometry
Authors: Loiacono Christy , Bethune Michael , Schneider Michal , Lombardo Paul 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo utilise image score‐based criteria for second‐trimester fetal biometry as an educational tool to improve biometry quality.MethodsFive sonographers regularly performing obstetric ultrasound examinations were recruited for this study. Biometry images were collected from fifteen second‐trimester examinations for each sonographer prior to participating in a biometry education session, and another set of biometry images were collected from fifteen second‐trimester examinations following the education session. The education session was a one‐hour presentation that explained image score‐based criteria to evaluate and grade the quality of the bi‐parietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), femur length (FL) and humeral length (HL) biometry parameters. Each of the five sonographers performed a total of 30 examinations (15 pre‐ and 15 post‐education session). From these examinations, a total of 150 images were collected for each biometry parameter (75 pre‐ and 75 post‐education). A total of 600 biometry images were evaluated. Images from both the pre‐ and post‐education session were assessed by an obstetrician sonologist using the same image score‐based criteria. Pre‐ and post‐image scores were compared using paired t‐tests.ResultsImprovement in the mean image scores for all biometry parameters was observed after the education session. The difference between pre‐ and post‐education image quality scores was significant for the AC (P = 0.01), FL (P = 0.002) and for the overall score (P = 0.001).ConclusionImplementing an image score‐based criteria evaluation technique is a simple and useful method to improve fetal biometry precision.
A Two‐Dimensional Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Nanowire Laser Array based on Ultrafast Light‐Harvesting Quantum Wells
Authors: Zhang Haihua , Wu Yishi , Liao Qing , Zhang Zhaoyi , Liu Yanping , Gao Qinggang , Liu Peng , Li Meili , Yao Jiannian , Fu Hongbing 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMiniaturized nanowire nanolasers of 3D perovskites feature a high gain coefficient; however, room‐temperature optical gain and nanowire lasers from 2D layered perovskites have not been reported to date. A biomimetic approach is presented to construct an artificial ligh‐harvesting system in mixed multiple quantum wells (QWs) of 2D‐RPPs of (BA)2(FA)n−1PbnBr3n+1, achieving room‐temperature ASE and nanowire (NW) lasing. Owing to the improvement of flexible and deformable characteristics provided by organic BA cation layers, high‐density large‐area NW laser arrays were fabricated with high photostability. Well‐controlled dimensions and uniform geometries enabled 2D‐RPPs NWs functioning as high‐quality Fabry–Perot (FP) lasers with almost identical optical modes, high quality (Q) factor (ca. 1800), and similarly low lasing thresholds.
A Self‐Reporting Photocatalyst for Online Fluorescence Monitoring of High Throughput RAFT Polymerization
Authors: Yeow Jonathan , Joshi Sanket , Chapman Robert , Boyer Cyrille 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTranslating controlled/living radical polymerization (CLRP) from batch to the high throughput production of polymer libraries presents several challenges in terms of both polymer synthesis and characterization. Although recently there have been significant advances in the field of low volume, high throughput CLRP, techniques able to simultaneously monitor multiple polymerizations in an “online” manner have not yet been developed. Here, we report our discovery that 5,10,15,20‐tetraphenyl‐21H,23H‐porphine zinc (ZnTPP) is a self‐reporting photocatalyst that can mediate PET‐RAFT polymerization as well as report on monomer conversion via changes in its fluorescence properties. This enables the use of a microplate reader to conduct high throughput “online” monitoring of PET‐RAFT polymerizations performed directly in 384‐well, low volume microtiter plates.
An Ultra‐Robust and Crystalline Redeemable Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Framework for Synergistic Chemo‐Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Yin Qi , Zhao Peng , Sa Rong‐Jian , Chen Guang‐Cun , Lü Jian , Liu Tian‐Fu , Cao Rong 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe low structural stability of hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) is a thorny issue retarding the development of HOFs. A rational design approach is now proposed for construction of a stable HOF. The resultant HOF (PFC‐1) exhibits high surface area of 2122 m2 g−1 and excellent chemical stability (intact in concentrated HCl for at least 117 days). A new method of acid‐assisted crystalline redemption is used to readily cure the thermal damage to PFC‐1. With periodic integration of photoactive pyrene in the robust framework, PFC‐1 can efficiently encapsulate Doxorubicin (Doxo) for synergistic chemo‐photodynamic therapy, showing comparable therapeutic efficacy with the commercial Doxo yet considerably lower cytotoxicity. This work demonstrates the notorious stability issue of HOFs can be properly addressed through rational design, paving a way to develop robust HOFs and offering promising application perspectives.
A Persulfide Donor Responsive to Reactive Oxygen Species: Insights into Reactivity and Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Powell Chadwick R. , Dillon Kearsley M. , Wang Yin , Carrazzone Ryan J. , Matson John B. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPersulfides (RSSH) have been hypothesized as critical components in sulfur‐mediated redox cycles and as potential signaling compounds, similar to hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Hindering the study of persulfides is a lack of persulfide‐donor compounds with selective triggers that release discrete persulfide species. Reported here is the synthesis and characterization of a ROS‐responsive (ROS=reactive oxygen species), self‐immolative persulfide donor. The donor, termed BDP‐NAC, showed selectivity towards H2O2 over other potential oxidative or nucleophilic triggers, resulting in the sustained release of the persulfide of N‐acetyl cysteine (NAC) over the course of 2 h, as measured by LCMS. Exposure of H9C2 cardiomyocytes to H2O2 revealed that BDP‐NAC mitigated the effects of a highly oxidative environment in a dose‐dependent manner over relevant controls and to a greater degree than common H2S donors sodium sulfide (Na2S) and GYY4137. BDP‐NAC also rescued cells more effectively than a non‐persulfide‐releasing control compound in concert with common H2S donors and thiols.