bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BARI-AD: Leitlinien-basiertes Interview als Grundlage psychologischer Stellungnahmen vor einem Adipositas-chirurgischen Eingriff bei Adoleszenten
Authors: Gattinger E. , Andersen B. , Miller K. , Kreuzer C. , Meindl M. , Metzger R. , Ring-Dimitriou S. , Siegfried W. , Studtmann L. , Wabitsch M. , Weiner S. , Brix J. , Weghuber D. , Ardelt-Gattinger E. 
Published: October 2018

ZusammenfassungDas Ziel des BARI-AD ist die strukturierte Erfassung der für eine Adipositas-chirurgische Operation und den postoperativen Erfolg Jugendlicher als relevant erachteten Voraussetzungen. Es dient als Grundlage für eine präoperative schriftliche Stellungnahme an die Chirurg/innen und Sozialversicherungen sowie vor- und nachsorgender interdisziplinärer Maßnahmen. BARI-AD erhebt strukturiert Vorstellungen, Wissen, Verständnis, Handlungsmöglichkeiten der PatientInnen bezüglich der intra- und interdisziplinären prä- und postoperativen Notwendigkeiten, Stärken und Beeinträchtigungen. Zur objektiven und systematischen Extraktion der Inhalte der Leitlinien nationaler und internationaler Fachgesellschaften wurden qualitative Inhaltsanalysen durchgeführt und die Inhalte in ein strukturiertes Interview gefasst. Procedere und Gesprächsführung basieren auf aktuellen psychologischen Erkenntnissen. Das strukturierte Interviewschema erhebt und dokumentiert die in Leitlinien geforderten Informationen zur psychischen und sozialen Situation der Patient/innen nach der Aufklärung durch das interdisziplinäre Team vor bariatrischen Eingriffen.
Meiosis-specific recombinase Dmc1 is a potent inhibitor of the Srs2 antirecombinase
Authors: Crickard J. Brooks , Kaniecki Kyle , Kwon Youngho , Sung Patrick , Greene Eric C. 
Published: October 2018

Significance
Here, we demonstrate that the antirecombinase Srs2 is unable to dismantle recombination intermediates containing the meiosis-specific recombinase Dmc1. Our work defines a function of Dmc1 as an inhibitor of the prototypical antirecombinase Srs2. Based on these findings, we propose that the presence of Dmc1 may help to prevent Srs2 from disruption of early meiotic recombination intermediates, which may in turn be anticipated to favor the formation of cross-over recombination products.
Analysing bilingual talk
Authors: Musk Nigel , Cromdal Jakob 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Shifting focus from monolingual to multilingual talk within conversation analysis has offered new, radically social and post-cognitivist understandings of bilingualism, especially through the empirical study of language alternation. This chapter presents some central ideas in the literature on language alternation and traces the emergence and development of the organisational approach. This prioritises a participant perspective, whereby bilinguals mobilise their linguistic resources to organise their actions in mundane and institutional settings. While languaging rather than the linguistic concept of “language” is advocated to capture the nature of bilingual talk, extending the analysis to include multimodal aspects of social interaction is put forward as a promising direction for future inquiry.
Case marking of predicative possession in Vedic
Authors: Danesi Serena , Barðdal Jóhanna 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Possession is an abstract domain of human conceptualization whose expression may be based on different cognitive structures. Heine (1997) identifies a small set of basic conceptual patterns that express predicative possession across the languages of the world. Vedic has three of these patterns exemplified by (i) a genitive construction (with a genitive possessor), (ii) a dative construction (with a dative possessor, a nominative possessee, and a form of ‘be’), and (iii) a locative construction (with a locative possessor and a form of ‘be’). In later stages of the language, the three constructions reduce to one and the structure with the genitive becomes the conventional expression for possession. Despite the importance of the Vedic data for shedding light on the Indo-European linguistic expression of possession, the situation in Vedic has not received proper attention. In this article, we describe and analyze the three early Vedic constructions, their syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic properties, showing that the locative construction is the most marginal of the three, the genitive construction conveys a possessee-oriented relation and is the canonical expression for possession, while the dative construction, expressing a possessor-oriented relation, is a multifunctional construction of which possession is only one of its possible meanings. We further show that claims in the literature that the dative experiencer construction developed from the dative possessive construction are not confirmed by the situation in Vedic.
The history of the mixed inflection of German masculine and neuter nouns
Authors: Ronneberger-Sibold Elke 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This paper provides an investigation of the dialectal spread of the “mixed” inflection (i.e. the combination of a “strong” singular with a “weak” plural) to non-feminine German nouns from the 14th to the 19th century, thereby revealing three different lines of development: Mixed inflection is well attested in Upper German, but poorly so in Low German and East Central German, whereas the standard language combined both traditions in the 18th century, depending on the sound shape of the respective nouns. It is only at the transition from the 19th to the 20th century that “mixed” inflection was almost lost entirely with non-feminine nouns, thus becoming a signal of feminine gender. A typological explanation relying on syntactic framing in German is proposed.
Ablaut reorganisation
Authors: Nowak Jessica 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The present paper argues for the existence of an 8th Ablaut Class in German which, comparable to the analogical emergence of Class VII in West-Germanic, evolved analogically in the course of ablaut reorganisation processes in Early New High German. Class VIII is characterised by the pattern x-o-o with a uniform exponent o in the past tense and present perfect as opposed to a relatively variable vowel in the infinitive stem (e.g. melken ‘to milk’, klimmen ‘to climb’, schwören ‘to swear’). The analogical extension of the pattern x-o-o (originally stemming from Class II) is highly functional in that it presents a partial regularisation strategy for low-frequency strong verbs (e.g. melken – malk – gemolken → molk – gemolken).
Manner of motion and semantic transitivity
Authors: Gillmann Melitta 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Based on a corpus of the major Old High German texts and a corpus of contemporary German newspapers, the paper shows that the German auxiliary system is characterised by both continuity and change. While transitivity proves to be a stable predictor of haben selection throughout German language history, auxiliary selection of intransitive verbs has been partly reorganised. At the expense of telicity, the sein perfect became productive within the intransitive group of manner of motion verbs. This reorganisation of the distributional contexts will be explained in terms of entrenchment. Based on several highly frequent motion verbs such as gehen ‘go’, an abstract schema has evolved which systematically connects manner of motion semantics and sein selection. However, semantic transitivity proves to be an antagonist to this recently entrenched manner of motion schema. Highly transitive manner of motion verbs disallow sein selection. The incidence of the haben perfect rises with increasing transitivity. Here, the patienthood of the direct object turns out to be crucial, with individuation being particularly important.
Cross-sectional Whole-genome Sequencing and Epidemiological Study of Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in China
Authors: Huang Hairong , Ding Nan , Yang Tingting , Li Cuidan , Jia Xinmiao , Wang Guirong , Zhong Jun , Zhang Ju , Jiang Guanglu , Wang Shuqi , Zong Zhaojing , Jing Wei , Zhao Yongliang , Xu Shaofa , Chen Fei 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe increase in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) severely hampers tuberculosis prevention and control in China, a country with the second highest MDR-TB burden globally. The first nationwide drug-resistant tuberculosis surveillance program provides an opportunity to comprehensively investigate the epidemiological/drug-resistance characteristics, potential drug-resistance mutations, and effective population changes of Chinese MDR-TB.MethodsWe sequenced 357 MDR strains from 4600 representative tuberculosis-positive sputum samples collected during the survey (70 counties in 31 provinces). Drug-susceptibility testing was performed using 18 anti-tuberculosis drugs, representing the most comprehensive drug-resistance profile to date. We used 3 statistical and 1 machine-learning methods to identify drug-resistance genes/single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We used Bayesian skyline analysis to investigate changes in effective population size.ResultsEpidemiological/drug-resistance characteristics showed different MDR profiles, co-resistance patterns, preferred drug combination/use, and recommended regimens among 7 Chinese administrative regions. These factors not only reflected the serious multidrug co-resistance and drug misuse but they were also potentially significant in facilitating the development of appropriate regimens for MDR-TB treatment in China. Further investigation identified 86 drug-resistance genes/intergenic regions/SNPs (58 new), providing potential targets for MDR-TB diagnosis and treatment. In addition, the effective population of Chinese MDR-TB displayed a strong expansion during 1993–2000, reflecting socioeconomic transition within the country. The phenomenon of expansion was restrained after 2000, likely attributable to the advances in diagnosis/treatment technologies and government support.ConclusionsOur findings provide an important reference and improved understanding of MDR-TB in China, which are potentially significant in achieving the goal of precision medicine with respect to MDR-TB prevention and treatment.
Inhibition of GSK-3 to induce cardiomyocyte proliferation: a recipe for in situ cardiac regeneration
Authors: Singh Anand Prakash , Umbarkar Prachi , Guo Yuanjun , Force Thomas , Gupte Manisha , Lal Hind 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWith an estimated 38 million current patients, heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although the aetiology differs, HF is largely a disease of cardiomyocyte (CM) death or dysfunction. Due to the famously limited amount of regenerative capacity of the myocardium, the only viable option for advanced HF patients is cardiac transplantation; however, donor’s hearts are in very short supply. Thus, novel regenerative strategies are urgently needed to reconstitute the injured hearts. Emerging data from our lab and others have elucidated that CM-specific deletion of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3 family of kinases induces CM proliferation, and the degree of proliferation is amplified in the setting of cardiac stress. If this proliferation is sufficiently robust, one could induce meaningful regeneration without the need for delivering exogenous cells to the injured myocardium (i.e. cardiac regeneration in situ). Herein, we will discuss the emerging role of the GSK-3s in CM proliferation and differentiation, including their potential implications in cardiac regeneration. The underlying molecular interactions and cross-talk among signalling pathways will be discussed. We will also review the specificity and limitations of the available small molecule inhibitors targeting GSK-3 and their potential applications to stimulate the endogenous cardiac regenerative responses to repair the injured heart.
Non-Kähler Mirror Symmetry of the Iwasawa Manifold
Authors: Popovici Dan 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
We propose a new approach to the mirror symmetry conjecture in a form suitable to possibly non-Kähler compact complex manifolds whose canonical bundle is trivial. We apply our methods by proving that the Iwasawa manifold $X$, a well-known non-Kähler compact complex manifold of dimension $3$, is its own mirror dual to the extent that its Gauduchon cone, replacing the classical Kähler cone that is empty in this case, corresponds to what we call the local universal family of essential deformations of $X$. These are obtained by removing from the Kuranishi family the two “superfluous” dimensions of complex parallelisable deformations that have a similar geometry to that of the Iwasawa manifold. The remaining four dimensions are shown to have a clear geometric meaning including in terms of the degeneration at $E_2$ of the Frölicher spectral sequence. On the local moduli space of “essential” complex structures, we obtain a canonical Hodge decomposition of weight $3$ and a variation of Hodge structures, construct coordinates and Yukawa couplings while implicitly proving a local Torelli theorem. On the metric side of the mirror, we construct a variation of Hodge structures parametrised by a subset of the complexified Gauduchon cone of the Iwasawa manifold using the sGG property (which means that all the Gauduchon metrics are strongly Gauduchon) of all the small deformations of this manifold proved in earlier joint work of the author with L. Ugarte. Finally, we define a mirror map linking the two variations of Hodge structures and we highlight its properties.
Experiments on Belief Formation in Networks
Authors: Grimm Veronika , Mengel Friederike 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
We study belief formation in social networks using a laboratory experiment. Participants in our experiment observe an imperfect private signal on the state of the world and then simultaneously and repeatedly guess the state, observing the guesses of their network neighbors in each period. Across treatments we vary the network structure and the amount of information participants have about the network. Our first result shows that information about the network structure matters and in particular affects the share of correct guesses in the network. This is inconsistent with the widely used naive (deGroot) model. The naive model is, however, consistent with a larger share of individual decisions than the competing Bayesian model, whereas both models correctly predict only about 25%–30% of consensus beliefs. We then estimate a larger class of models and find that participants do indeed take network structure into account when updating beliefs. In particular they discount information from neighbors if it is correlated, but in a more rudimentary way than a Bayesian learner would.
Giant cometary H ii regions and molecular bow shocks in spiral arms of galaxies: M 83
Authors: Sofue Yoshiaki 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
A number of giant cometary H ii regions (GCHs) sheathed inside molecular bow shocks (MBSs) are found along spiral arms of the barred galaxy M 83. The open cone structure is explained by a model of an expanded H ii front in a gaseous arm with a steep density gradient, and the bow shock is shown to be formed by the encounter of an H ii region with the supersonic gas flow across the arm. It is suggested that dual-side compression of molecular gas at the bow head between the MBS and the GCH enhances star formation along the spiral arms.
Laughter in Stories of Crime and Tragedy: The Importance of Humor for Marginalized Populations
Authors: Sandberg Sveinung , Tutenges Sébastien 
Published: October 2018

AbstractHumor is essential to social life, but it is often overlooked in the study of crime and other social problems. We introduce and make use of humor theory, emphasizing the theories of superiority and relief. Based on interviews with incarcerated men, we demonstrate how humor is used to criticize authorities, for self-aggrandizement, and to alleviate the pain of tragic experiences. Funny remarks and stories are often ambiguous and evade simple categorization, which may explain why humor is neglected in the study of social problems. We argue that researchers should pay more attention to humor to achieve a fuller understanding of marginalized individuals and their social worlds.
Early Resumption of β Blockers Is Associated with Decreased Atrial Fibrillation after Noncardiothoracic and Nonvascular Surgery
Authors: Khanna Ashish K. , Naylor Douglas F. , Naylor Amanda J. , Mascha Edward J. , You Jing , Reville Eric M. , Riter Quinton M. , Diwan Murtaza , Kurz Andrea , Sessler Daniel I. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Editor’s Perspective

What We Already Know about This Topic

What This Article Tells Us That Is New

Background
Beta (β) blockers reduce the risk of postoperative atrial fibrillation and should be restarted after surgery, but it remains unclear when best to resume β blockers postoperatively. The authors thus evaluated the relationship between timing of resumption of β blockers and atrial fibrillation in patients recovering from noncardiothoracic and nonvascular surgery.

Methods
The authors evaluated 8,201 adult β-blocker users with no previous history of atrial fibrillation who stayed at least two nights after noncardiothoracic and nonvascular surgery as a retrospective observational cohort. After propensity score matching on baseline and intraoperative variables, 1,924 patients who did resume β blockers by the end of postoperative day 1 were compared with 973 patients who had not resumed by that time on postoperative atrial fibrillation using logistic regression. A secondary matched analysis compared 3,198 patients who resumed β blockers on the day of surgery with 3,198 who resumed thereafter.

Results
Of propensity score–matched patients who resumed β blockers by end of postoperative day 1, 4.9% (94 of 1,924) developed atrial fibrillation, compared with 7.0% (68 of 973) of those who resumed thereafter (adjusted odds ratio, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.50–0.95; P = 0.026). Patients who resumed β blockers on day of surgery had an atrial fibrillation incidence of 4.9% versus 5.8% for those who started thereafter (odds ratio, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.67–1.04; P = 0.104).

Conclusions
Resuming β blockers in chronic users by the end of the first postoperative day may be associated with lower odds of in-hospital atrial fibrillation. However, there seems to be little advantage to restarting on the day of surgery itself.
Factors Affecting Racial Disparities in End-of-Life Care Costs Among Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Karanth Siddharth , Rajan Suja S. , Revere Frances L. , Sharma Gulshan 
Published: October 2018

Objectives:
Racial disparities exist in end-of-life lung cancer care, which could potentially lead to considerable racial differences in end-of-life care costs. This study for the first time estimates the racial differences in end-of-life care costs among lung cancer patients, and identifies and quantifies factors that contribute the most to these differences using a statistical decomposition method.

Methods:
This is a retrospective analysis of patients 66 years and older, diagnosed with stage I-IV lung cancer, who died on or before December 31, 2013, using the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Result-Medicare data from 1991 to 2013. Ordinary least square regression of logarithmically transformed cost was used to estimate racial differences in end-of-life care costs among lung cancer patients. Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition was used to identify and quantify factors that contributed the most to these differences.

Results:
Non-Hispanic blacks had 10% to 13% higher end-of-life care costs as compared with non-Hispanic whites. Geographic variations, baseline comorbidity indices and stage at diagnosis contributed the most to explaining the racial differences in costs, with geographic variation explaining most of the differences. However, the observed factors could only explain 25% to 32% of the racial differences in end-of-life care costs.

Conclusions:
Geographic differences in access to timely and appropriate care, and provider practice patterns, should be examined to understand the reasons behind geographic variations in racial disparity. Provider-level educational interventions to reduce small area practice variations and differential management of patients by race, as well as racially sensitive patient-level educational and navigational interventions might be critical in improving quality of care and reducing costs during end-of-life.
The mysteries of menopause and urogynecologic health: clinical and scientific gaps
Authors: Alperin Marianna , Burnett Lindsey , Lukacz Emily , Brubaker Linda 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Objectives:
A significant body of knowledge implicates menopausal estrogen levels in the pathogenesis of the common pelvic floor disorders (PFDs). These health conditions substantially decrease quality of life, increase depression, social isolation, caregiver burden, and economic costs to the individuals and society.

Methods:
This review summarizes the epidemiology of the individual PFDs with particular attention to the understanding of the relationship between each PFD and menopausal estrogen levels, and the gaps in science and clinical care that affect menopausal women. In addition, we review the epidemiology of recurrent urinary tract infection (rUTI)—a condition experienced frequently and disproportionately by menopausal women and hypothesized to be potentiated by menopausal estrogen levels.

Results:
The abundance of estrogen receptors in the urogenital tract explains why the natural reduction of endogenous estrogen, the hallmark of menopause, can cause or potentiate PFDs and rUTIs. A substantial body of epidemiological literature suggests an association between menopause, and PFDs and rUTIs; however, the ability to separate this association from age and other comorbid conditions makes it difficult to draw definitive conclusions on the role of menopause alone in the development and/or progression of PFDs. Similarly, the causative link between the decline in endogenous estrogen levels and the pathogenesis of PFDs and rUTIs has not been well-established.

Conclusions:
Innovative human studies, focused on the independent effects of menopausal estrogen levels, uncoupled from tissue and cellular senescence, are needed.
Clinical application and mid-term results of modified vaginal closure: pelvic symptoms, quality of life, satisfaction, and regret rate
Authors: Jia Ningyi , Zhao Weihong , Yang Baojun , Xu Yun , Li Jinghua , Feng Limin 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Objective:
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a modified vaginal closure in older women with severe pelvic organ prolapse (POP) with respect to symptoms, quality of life, postoperative satisfaction, regret rate, and complications

Methods:
From March, 2014 to December, 2016, in all, 32 women were enrolled in the study. All the participants underwent a modified vaginal closure. Records were reviewed to collect demographic characteristics and perioperative parameters. The Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory—short form 20 (PFDI-20) and the Short Form 36 Health Survey Profile (SF-36) were used to evaluate pelvic symptoms and self-perceived quality of life, respectively, 6 months postoperatively and at the latest follow-up. The Patient Global Impression of Change (PGI-C) was used to estimate the satisfaction. The satisfaction and regret rates were assessed at the latest follow-up.

Results:
After an average follow-up period of 23 months (range 8-41 months), none of the 32 women experienced recurrence of prolapse that required reoperation. During follow-up, significant improvements were observed in the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Distress Inventory (POPDI-6), Urinary Distress Inventory (UDI-6), and SF-36 results (P < 0.001). However, the Colorectal-Anal Distress Inventory (CRADI-8) results did not improve significantly (P = 0.074). None of the participants regretted undergoing this procedure, and the PGI-C indicated a satisfaction rate of 93.8%.

Conclusions:
The modified vaginal closure showed a positive impact on POP and urinary symptoms, and consequently improved quality of life of the 32 participants. This procedure achieved a relatively high satisfaction rate and a low regret rate.